TY - JOUR T1 - The nature of red luminescence of natural benitoite BaTiSi (sub 3) O (sub 9) AN - 840347006; 2011-010474 AB - This work examines the red luminescence of benitoite studied by laser-induced time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy. This method allows the differentiation between luminescence centres of similar emission wavelengths, but different decay times. We have also examined the luminescence intensity and decay time as a function of temperature. We found that the red emission of benitoite consists of two individual bands and one line and suggest that the activators of luminescence in benitoite system are Ti (super 3+) and a d (super 3) element, namely Cr (super 3+) or Mn (super 4+) . JF - Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Gaft, M AU - Nagli, L AU - Waychunas, G AU - Panczer, G A2 - Libowitzky, E. A2 - Beran, A. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 33 EP - 44 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna VL - 85 IS - 1-2 SN - 0930-0708, 0930-0708 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - California KW - luminescence KW - laser methods KW - natural materials KW - benitoite KW - spectra KW - emission spectra KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/840347006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=The+nature+of+red+luminescence+of+natural+benitoite+BaTiSi+%28sub+3%29+O+%28sub+9%29&rft.au=Gaft%2C+M%3BNagli%2C+L%3BWaychunas%2C+G%3BPanczer%2C+G&rft.aulast=Gaft&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=09300708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00710-005-0100-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/105515/?p=c02f999ba89b49809d3dcdd17ca3d775&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom | Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MIPEE9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benitoite; California; emission spectra; laser methods; luminescence; natural materials; silicates; spectra; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00710-005-0100-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shielding and fragmentation studies. AN - 70171148; 16604611 AB - Radiation dosimetry for manned spaced missions depends on the ability to adequately describe the process of high-energy ion transport through many materials. Since the types of possible nuclear interactions are many and complex, transport models are used which depend upon a reliable source of experimental data. To expand the heavy ion database used in the models we have been measuring charge-changing cross sections and fragment production cross sections from heavy-ion interactions in various elementa targets. These include materials flown on space missions such as carbon and aluminium, as well as those important in radiation dosimetry such as hydrogen, nitrogen and water. Measuring heavy-ion fragmentation through these targets also gives us the ability to determine the effectiveness of new materials proposed for shielding such as graphite composites and polyethylene hybrids. Measurement without a target present gives an indication of the level of contamination of the primary beam, which is also important in radiobiology experiments. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Zeitlin, C AU - Guetersloh, S AU - Heilbronn, L AU - Miller, J AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS74-197, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. cjzeitlin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 123 EP - 124 VL - 116 IS - 1-4 Pt 2 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - Materials Testing KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Heavy Ions KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Construction Materials -- analysis KW - Cosmic Radiation KW - Spacecraft KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Radiation Protection -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70171148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Shielding+and+fragmentation+studies.&rft.au=Zeitlin%2C+C%3BGuetersloh%2C+S%3BHeilbronn%2C+L%3BMiller%2C+J&rft.aulast=Zeitlin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=1-4+Pt+2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-05 N1 - Date created - 2006-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of secondary neutron production relevant to shielding in space. AN - 70158263; 16604615 AB - An overview of experimental secondary neutron measurements relevant to space-related activities is presented. Stopping target yields and cross section measurements conducted at particle accelerators using heavy ions with energies > 100 MeV per nucleon are discussed. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Heilbronn, L AU - Nakamura, T AU - Iwata, Y AU - Kurosawa, T AU - Iwase, H AU - Townsend, L W AD - MS 74-197, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. LHHeilbronn@LBL.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 140 EP - 143 VL - 116 IS - 1-4 Pt 2 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - Materials Testing KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Neutrons KW - Heavy Ions KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Construction Materials -- analysis KW - Spacecraft -- instrumentation KW - Cosmic Radiation KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Radiation Protection -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70158263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Overview+of+secondary+neutron+production+relevant+to+shielding+in+space.&rft.au=Heilbronn%2C+L%3BNakamura%2C+T%3BIwata%2C+Y%3BKurosawa%2C+T%3BIwase%2C+H%3BTownsend%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Heilbronn&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=1-4+Pt+2&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-05 N1 - Date created - 2006-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Screening for the expression of soluble recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. AN - 68894284; 16350950 AB - Protein expression and purification have traditionally been time-consuming, case-specific endeavors, and are considered to be the greatest bottlenecks in most proteomics pipelines. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most convenient and cost-effective host, although optimal conditions for the expression of different proteins vary widely. Proteins vary in their structural stability, solubility, and toxicity in this environment, resulting in differing rates of protein degradation, formation into insoluble inclusion bodies, and cell death, thus affecting the amount of soluble protein that can be obtained from E. coli grown in culture. To take full advantage of a variety of strategies developed to improve the expression of soluble protein in E. coli, an easy, rapid means to test many growth parameters is necessary. This chapter describes a dot-blot expression screen to test the effects of growth and induction parameters on the yield of soluble protein. The expression screen is used to detect hexahistidine-tagged proteins expressed in E. coli; however, it is adaptable for the detection of other affinity tags or fusion partners that have suitable antibodies available. In this example, induction time and temperature are tested; however, it can be used to test additional parameters, such as affinity tag type and placement, E. coli host type, and growth medium formulations. JF - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) AU - Doyle, Sharon A AD - Proteomics Group, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 115 EP - 121 VL - 310 SN - 1064-3745, 1064-3745 KW - His-His-His-His-His-His KW - 0 KW - Oligopeptides KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Histidine KW - 4QD397987E KW - Index Medicus KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- metabolism KW - Immunoblotting -- methods KW - Animals KW - Protein Engineering KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- genetics KW - Gene Expression KW - Escherichia coli -- metabolism KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68894284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Methods+in+molecular+biology+%28Clifton%2C+N.J.%29&rft.atitle=Screening+for+the+expression+of+soluble+recombinant+protein+in+Escherichia+coli.&rft.au=Doyle%2C+Sharon+A&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=310&rft.issue=&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Methods+in+molecular+biology+%28Clifton%2C+N.J.%29&rft.issn=10643745&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A passive-discrete water sampler for monitoring seepage. AN - 67457348; 15726931 AB - This paper presents the design of the passive-discrete water sampler (PDWS) which has been developed to facilitate investigations of flow partitioning in fractured rocks. The PDWS continuously isolates seeping water into discrete samples while monitoring the seepage rate. The PDWS was used in a flow and transport experiment that investigated fracture-matrix interactions. During the experiment, a mix of conservative tracers with significantly different diffusion coefficients (lithium bromide [LiBr] and pentafluorobenzoic acid [PFBA]) was introduced along a fault located in fractured tuffs, and water seeping through the lower end of the fault was collected by the PDWS and analyzed for tracer concentrations. Preliminary results from this investigation show that samples of effluent captured by the PDWS effectively retained temporal changes in the chemical signature, while providing seepage rates. JF - Ground water AU - Salve, Rohit AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop 14-116, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. r_salve@lbl.gov PY - 2005 SP - 133 EP - 137 VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Benzoates KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - pentafluorobenzoic acid KW - 602-94-8 KW - Lithium Chloride KW - G4962QA067 KW - Index Medicus KW - Lithium Chloride -- analysis KW - Benzoates -- analysis KW - Water Movements KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67457348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Iron+oxyhydroxide+mineralization+by+microbes+in+terrestrial+environments&rft.au=Chan%2C+C+S%3BFakra%2C+S%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Competitive sorption of cadmium and lead in acid soils of central Spain AN - 51754052; 2005-013906 AB - The bioavailability and ultimate fate of heavy metals in the environment are controlled by chemical sorption. To assess competitive sorption of Pb and Cd, batch equilibrium experiments (generating sorption isotherms) and kinetics sorption studies were performed using single and binary metal solutions in surface samples of four soils from central Spain. For comparisons between soils, as well as, single and binary metal solutions, soil chemical processes were characterized using the Langmuir equation, ionic strength, and an empirical power function for kinetic sorption. In addition, soil pH and clay mineralogy were used to explain observed sorption processes. Sorption isotherms were well described by the Langmuir equation and the sorption kinetics were well described by an empirical power function within the reaction times in this study. Soils with higher pH and clay content (characterized by having smectite) had the greatest sorption capacity as estimated by the maximum sorption parameter (Q) of the Langmuir equation. All soils exhibited greater sorption capacity for Pb than Cd and the presence of both metals reduced the tendency for either to be sorbed although Cd sorption was affected to a greater extent than that of Pb. The Langmuir binding strength parameter (k) was always greater for Pb than for Cd. However, these k values tended to increase as a result of the simultaneous presence of both metals that may indicate competition for sorption sites promoting the retention of both metals on more specific sorption sites. The kinetic experiments showed that Pb sorption is initially faster than Cd sorption from both single and binary solutions although the simultaneous presence of both metals affected the sorption of Cd at short times while only a minor effect was observed on Pb. The estimated exponents of the kinetic function were in all cases smaller for Pb than for Cd, likely due to diffusion processes into micropores or interlayer space of the clay minerals which occurs more readily for Cd than Pb. Finally, the overall sorption processes of Pb and Cd in the smectitic soil with the highest sorption capacity of the studied soils are slower than in the rest of the soils with a clay mineralogy dominated by kaolinite and illite, exhibiting these soils similar sorption rates. These results demonstrate a significant interaction between Pb and Cd sorption when both metals are present that depends on important soil properties such as the clay mineralogy. JF - Geoderma AU - Serrano, S AU - Garrido, F AU - Campbell, C G AU - Garcia-Gonzalez, M T Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 91 EP - 104 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 124 IS - 1-2 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - sorption KW - Spain KW - data processing KW - lead KW - Europe KW - bioavailability KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - MINTEQA2 KW - Southern Europe KW - laboratory studies KW - Caceres Spain KW - Madrid Spain KW - digital simulation KW - Extremadura Spain KW - cadmium KW - acidic composition KW - Langmuir equation KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - pollution KW - isotherms KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51754052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Competitive+sorption+of+cadmium+and+lead+in+acid+soils+of+central+Spain&rft.au=Serrano%2C+S%3BGarrido%2C+F%3BCampbell%2C+C+G%3BGarcia-Gonzalez%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Serrano&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geoderma.2004.04.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; bioavailability; Caceres Spain; cadmium; data processing; digital simulation; Europe; experimental studies; Extremadura Spain; geochemistry; heavy metals; Iberian Peninsula; isotherms; kinetics; laboratory studies; Langmuir equation; lead; Madrid Spain; metals; MINTEQA2; pH; pollution; soils; sorption; Southern Europe; Spain; theoretical models; toxic materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.04.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New advances in three dimensional transient electromagnetic inversion AN - 51747574; 2005-019895 JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Commer, Michael Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 5 EP - 32 PB - Blackwell Science for the Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 160 IS - 1 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - electrical conductivity KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - electromagnetic field KW - algorithms KW - TEM data KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51747574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=New+advances+in+three+dimensional+transient+electromagnetic+inversion&rft.au=Newman%2C+Gregory+A%3BCommer%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-246X.2004.02468.x L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic field; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; TEM data; three-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02468.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geohydromechanical processes in the excavation damaged zone in crystalline rock, rock salt, and indurated and plastic clays-in the context of radioactive waste disposal AN - 51746525; 2005-021834 AB - The creation of an excavation disturbed zone (EdZ) or excavation damaged zone (EDZ) is expected around all man-made openings in geologic formations. Macro- and micro-fracturing, and in general a redistribution of in situ stresses and rearrangement of rock structures, will occur in this zone, resulting in drastic changes of permeability to flow, mainly through the fractures and cracks induced by excavation. The EDZ may have significant implications for the operation and long-term performance of an underground nuclear waste repository. Various issues of concern need to be evaluated, such as processes creating fractures in the EDZ, the degree of permeability increase, and the potential for sealing or healing (with permeability reduction) in the zone. In recent years, efforts along these lines have been made for a potential repository in four rock types-crystalline rock, salt, indurated clay, and plastic clay-and these efforts have involved field, laboratory, and theoretical studies. The present work involves a synthesis of the ideas and issues that emerged from presentations and discussions on EDZ in these four rock types at a CLUSTER Conference and Workshop held in Luxembourg in November 2003. First, definitions of excavation disturbed and EDZs, that may be applicable to all four rock types, are proposed. Then, an approach is suggested for the synthesis and intercomparison of geohydromechanical processes in the EDZ for crystalline rock, salt, indurated clay, and plastic clay. Comparison tables of relevant processes, associated factors, and modelling and testing techniques are developed. A discussion of the general state-of-the-art and outstanding issues is also presented. A substantial bibliography of relevant papers on the subject is supplied at the end of the paper. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Bernier, F AU - Davies, C Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 109 EP - 125 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 42 IS - 1 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - halides KW - high-level waste KW - underground space KW - stress KW - mechanical properties KW - excavations KW - halite KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - sedimentary rocks KW - claystone KW - crystalline rocks KW - chlorides KW - waste disposal KW - plasticity KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51746525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Geohydromechanical+processes+in+the+excavation+damaged+zone+in+crystalline+rock%2C+rock+salt%2C+and+indurated+and+plastic+clays-in+the+context+of+radioactive+waste+disposal&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BBernier%2C+F%3BDavies%2C+C&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2004.08.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorides; clastic rocks; claystone; crystalline rocks; excavations; halides; halite; high-level waste; mechanical properties; plasticity; radioactive waste; rock mechanics; sedimentary rocks; stress; underground disposal; underground space; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.08.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular-scale processes involving nanoparticulate minerals in biogeochemical systems AN - 51646373; 2006-007900 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Banfield, Jillian F A2 - Banfield, Jillian F. A2 - Cervini-Silva, Javiera A2 - Nealson, Kenneth M. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 109 EP - 155 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 59 IS - 1 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - crystal structure KW - hematite KW - oxides KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - transmission electron microscopy KW - corrosion KW - surface properties KW - organic minerals KW - pollutants KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - grain size KW - fines KW - photochemistry KW - molecular biology KW - TEM data KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - semiconductors KW - bacteria KW - nanoparticles KW - minerals KW - microorganisms KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51646373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Molecular-scale+processes+involving+nanoparticulate+minerals+in+biogeochemical+systems&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Molecular geomicrobiology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 239 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; corrosion; crystal structure; fines; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; grain size; halogenated hydrocarbons; hematite; microorganisms; minerals; molecular biology; nanoparticles; organic compounds; organic minerals; oxides; photochemistry; pollutants; semiconductors; surface properties; TEM data; transmission electron microscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cosmogenic, radiogenic, and stable isotopic constraints on groundwater residence time in the Nubian Aquifer, Western Desert of Egypt AN - 51622738; 2006-020258 AB - Measurements of radiochlorine ( (super 36) Cl), radiogenic noble gases ( (super 4) He and (super 40) Ar), and stable chlorine isotope ratios were obtained to assess the residence time of groundwater in the Nubian Aquifer of the Western Desert of Egypt. Measured (super 36) Cl/Cl ratios yield apparent residence times from approximately 0.2 to 1.2X10 (super 6) years in the deep (600-1200 m) groundwater (assuming constant Cl) and < or =0.16X10 (super 6) years in the shallow (<600 m) groundwater. Values of delta (super 37) Cl in the groundwater strengthen the application of the (super 36) Cl dating method by constraining Cl sources and identifying groundwater mixing. Dissolved gases were measured in some of the deep groundwater samples. Measured (super 4) He concentrations indicate accumulation of radiogenic (super 4) He that is qualitatively consistent with the age progression indicated by the (super 36) Cl/Cl ratios, but the flux of external (super 4) He from the underlying crust has not been quantified and is not constant throughout the aquifer. Concentrations of (super 40) Ar range from 3.3 to 6.7X10 (super -4) ccSTP/g and indicate excess air incorporation at recharge. Measured (super 40) Ar/ (super 36) Ar ratios do not exceed the atmospheric ratio. A two-dimensional numerical hydrodynamic transect of the aquifer was modeled from the area of the Uweinat Uplift to the northern Bahariya Oasis. Predicted groundwater velocities in the deep portion of the aquifer are 0.5-3.5 m/yr with groundwater residence times up to 9X10 (super 5) years; residence times up to 1.3X10 (super 6) years are predicted in the confining shale. Aquifer properties are estimated by using the model to fit the measured (super 36) Cl/Cl ratios. Under these conditions, hydrodynamic residence times are within about 30% of those calculated from (super 36) Cl when mixing of Cl- is accounted for in the highest-Cl- deep groundwaters. By mutually calibrating multiple methods (hydrodynamic, (super 36) Cl, and (super 4) He), a consistent picture of the Nubian Aquifer has emerged in which lateral flow from a southern recharge area dominates the deep horizons, while shallow horizons contain younger, autochthonous recharge. JF - Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems - G3 AU - Patterson, Leslie J AU - Sturchio, Neil C AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - van Soest, Matthias C AU - Sultan, Mohamed AU - Lu, Zheng-Tian AU - Lehmann, Bernhard AU - Purtschert, Roland AU - El Alfy, Zeinhom AU - El Kaliouby, Baher AU - Dawood, Yehia AU - Abdallah, Ali Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 19 PB - American Geophysical Union and The Geochemical Society VL - 6 IS - 1 KW - Nile Valley KW - North Africa KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - cosmogenic elements KW - stable isotopes KW - Kharga Oasis KW - ground water KW - Bahariya Oasis KW - Uweinat Uplift KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Ar-40/Ar-36 KW - Ar-40 KW - noble gases KW - age KW - helium KW - chlorine KW - isotope ratios KW - Nubian Aquifer KW - Cl-36 KW - Cl-37 KW - Western Desert KW - argon KW - Egypt KW - residence time KW - Africa KW - He-4/He-3 KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51622738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemistry%2C+Geophysics%2C+Geosystems+-+G3&rft.atitle=Cosmogenic%2C+radiogenic%2C+and+stable+isotopic+constraints+on+groundwater+residence+time+in+the+Nubian+Aquifer%2C+Western+Desert+of+Egypt&rft.au=Patterson%2C+Leslie+J%3BSturchio%2C+Neil+C%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3Bvan+Soest%2C+Matthias+C%3BSultan%2C+Mohamed%3BLu%2C+Zheng-Tian%3BLehmann%2C+Bernhard%3BPurtschert%2C+Roland%3BEl+Alfy%2C+Zeinhom%3BEl+Kaliouby%2C+Baher%3BDawood%2C+Yehia%3BAbdallah%2C+Ali&rft.aulast=Patterson&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemistry%2C+Geophysics%2C+Geosystems+-+G3&rft.issn=1525-2027&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GC000779 L2 - http://g-cubed.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; age; Ar-40; Ar-40/Ar-36; argon; Bahariya Oasis; chlorine; Cl-36; Cl-37; cosmogenic elements; Egypt; ground water; halogens; He-4/He-3; helium; isotope ratios; isotopes; Kharga Oasis; Nile Valley; noble gases; North Africa; Nubian Aquifer; radioactive isotopes; residence time; stable isotopes; Uweinat Uplift; Western Desert DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GC000779 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electromagnetic fields in a steel-cased borehole AN - 51618950; 2006-014473 JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Lee, Ki Ha AU - Kim, Hee Joon AU - Uchida, Toshihiro Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 13 EP - 21 PB - EAGE (European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers), Houten VL - 53 IS - 1-2 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - petroleum engineering KW - numerical models KW - crosshole methods KW - well-logging KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - equations KW - magnetic field KW - finite element analysis KW - conductivity KW - boreholes KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - symmetry KW - electromagnetic field KW - wave dispersion KW - amplitude KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51618950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Electromagnetic+fields+in+a+steel-cased+borehole&rft.au=Lee%2C+Ki+Ha%3BKim%2C+Hee+Joon%3BUchida%2C+Toshihiro&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Ki&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0016-8025&site=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPPRAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; boreholes; conductivity; crosshole methods; data processing; elastic waves; electromagnetic field; equations; finite element analysis; magnetic field; mathematical methods; numerical models; petroleum engineering; reservoir properties; symmetry; wave dispersion; well-logging ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Biogeochemical modeling of reactive transport applied to laboratory and field studies on jet-fuel contamination AN - 51611576; 2006-027897 JF - International workshop on Saturated and unsaturated zone; integration of process knowledge into effective models; COST Action 629, working groups 3 and 4 AU - Aagaard, Per AU - Knudsen, J B S AU - Klonowski, M R AU - Breedveld, G AU - Zheng, Z AU - Nuetzmann, Gunnar AU - Viotti, Paolo Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - Springer, New York, NY SN - 3540267441 KW - contaminant plumes KW - observation wells KW - Europe KW - simulation KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - Oslo International Airport KW - nitrate ion KW - kinetics KW - diffusivity KW - PHREEQC KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - Western Europe KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - Oslo Norway KW - petroleum products KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - jet fuel KW - hydrocarbons KW - Monod kinetics KW - Norway KW - Gardermoen Aquifer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51611576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Aagaard%2C+Per%3BKnudsen%2C+J+B+S%3BKlonowski%2C+M+R%3BBreedveld%2C+G%3BZheng%2C+Z%3BNuetzmann%2C+Gunnar%3BViotti%2C+Paolo&rft.aulast=Aagaard&rft.aufirst=Per&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=3540267441&rft.btitle=Biogeochemical+modeling+of+reactive+transport+applied+to+laboratory+and+field+studies+on+jet-fuel+contamination&rft.title=Biogeochemical+modeling+of+reactive+transport+applied+to+laboratory+and+field+studies+on+jet-fuel+contamination&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International workshop on Saturated and unsaturated zone; integration of process knowledge into effective models; COST Action 629, working groups 3 and 4 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty in groundwater flow simulations caused by multiple modeling approaches, at the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory, Japan AN - 51599462; 2006-037409 AB - The uncertainties in assessing groundwater flow through fractured granitic rock are evaluated by comparing the results of multiple hydrogeological modeling approaches. Most model-comparison studies specify a conceptual model (processes, properties, initial and boundary conditions) for the hydrogeological problem at hand and compare different numerical approaches. Here, in contrast, we provided five modeling groups with site characterization data obtained from the surface-based investigation phase at and around an underground research laboratory construction site in the Tono area of Gifu prefecture, Japan, and instructed them to develop their own conceptual models for flow and transport through the subsurface. Defined performance measures (PMs) calculated from the numerical simulations of each model are compared. Results that are consistent among the different models identify an aspect of the hydrogeologic problem that is well characterized, whereas results that vary greatly between models indicate a highly uncertain parameter or process. Thus, major uncertainties arising at the stage of site characterization can be identified. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Sawada, Atsushi AU - Saegusa, Hiromitsu AU - Ijiri, Yuji Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 91 EP - 101 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - Far East KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - plutonic rocks KW - Tsukiyoshi Fault KW - Asia KW - uncertainty KW - migration KW - Tono Japan KW - lineaments KW - numerical models KW - Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory KW - advection KW - porosity KW - models KW - Toki Granite KW - theoretical models KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Honshu KW - waste disposal KW - Japan KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51599462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+in+groundwater+flow+simulations+caused+by+multiple+modeling+approaches%2C+at+the+Mizunami+Underground+Research+Laboratory%2C+Japan&rft.au=Sawada%2C+Atsushi%3BSaegusa%2C+Hiromitsu%3BIjiri%2C+Yuji&rft.aulast=Sawada&rft.aufirst=Atsushi&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM10 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, block diags., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; Asia; Far East; fractures; granites; ground water; Honshu; hydraulic conductivity; igneous rocks; Japan; lineaments; migration; Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory; models; numerical models; plutonic rocks; porosity; preferential flow; radioactive waste; simulation; theoretical models; Toki Granite; Tono Japan; Tsukiyoshi Fault; uncertainty; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of non-Fickian transport in fractured formations AN - 51599436; 2006-037403 AB - Non-Fickian (or anomalous) transport of contaminants arises naturally, at both laboratory and field scales, for a wide range of fractured and heterogeneous geological formations. Over many years, the advection-dispersion equation (ADE) and a range of ensemble-average or homogenization variants have been considered, developed, and applied to modeling of transport in such systems. In general, however, these methods are intrinsically and fundamentally not suited to account for anomalous transport features, and fits to actual measurements are often inadequate. We examine how continuous-time random-walk (CTRW) formulations represent a general and effective means by which to quantify non-Fickian transport. The CTRW approach thoroughly accounts for observations, and is based on a physical picture of contaminant motion that is consistent with the geometric and hydraulic characterization of the fractured formation. We examine the conceptual picture and mathematical development of the CTRW framework and consider specific applications to fractured systems. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Berkowitz, Brian AU - Scher, Harvey Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 23 EP - 31 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - fractured materials KW - pollutants KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - fluid dynamics KW - concepts KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - aquifers KW - spatial distribution KW - fractures KW - transport KW - movement KW - tracers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51599436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+non-Fickian+transport+in+fractured+formations&rft.au=Berkowitz%2C+Brian%3BScher%2C+Harvey&rft.aulast=Berkowitz&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM04 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; concepts; equations; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; fractures; geometry; ground water; mathematical models; movement; pollutants; spatial distribution; tracers; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical and numerical study of flow at the interface of porous media AN - 51598842; 2006-037407 AB - A solution to the problem of laminar flow above a porous surface is essential when investigating phenomena such as erosion, re-suspension, or mass transfer between the porous media and the flow above it. Previous studies have provided theoretical, experimental, and numerical insight, but failed to provide a general, useful tool for predicting the macroscopic flow in domains that involve an interface between porous regions and free flow regions. Many studies have used the Brinkman equation, while others have shown that it does not represent the actual flow conditions at the interface. In this paper, we show that the interface macroscopic velocity can be modeled by introducing a modification to the Brinkman equation. A moving average approach was proved to be successful when choosing the correct representative elementary volume and comparing the macroscopic solution with the average microscopic flow. As the size of the representative elementary volume was found to be equal to the product of the square root of the permeability and an exponential function of the porosity, a closed solution is now available. The macroscopic model was developed while considering a 2D porous media made of multiple parallel grooves. The model was then applied using a 3D porous media, which has, in the horizontal plane, a shape of the fractal set "Sierpinski Carpet." Given the properties of the porous media (porosity and permeability), the flow height, the fluid viscosity, and its driving force, a complete macroscopic solution of the interface flow is obtained. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Rosenzweig, Ravid AU - Shavit, Uri Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 65 EP - 80 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - erosion KW - suspension KW - prediction KW - porous materials KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - geometry KW - viscosity KW - volume KW - velocity KW - theoretical models KW - laminar flow KW - mass transfer KW - Brinkman equation KW - fractals KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51598842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Theoretical+and+numerical+study+of+flow+at+the+interface+of+porous+media&rft.au=Rosenzweig%2C+Ravid%3BShavit%2C+Uri&rft.aulast=Rosenzweig&rft.aufirst=Ravid&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM08 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brinkman equation; erosion; fluid dynamics; fractals; geometry; laminar flow; mass transfer; numerical models; permeability; porosity; porous materials; prediction; preferential flow; suspension; theoretical models; three-dimensional models; velocity; viscosity; volume DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of single and multiphase flow in fractured porous media, using a percolation approach AN - 51598762; 2006-037404 AB - Fractures and fracture networks determine the permeability of many natural rocks, and their behavior has generated interest in various fields [Sahimi, 1995; Adler and Thovert, 1999; Berkowitz, 2002]. This interest has simultaneously a fundamental and an applied character, since many applications are crucial for industries such as petroleum and waste storage. The general objective of our studies in this field is to describe and understand the transport properties of fractured media, beginning with the obvious point that fluids flow preferentially through fractures when those fractures are open. We shall distinguish between fracture networks, in which fluids flow only along fractures, and fractured porous media, in which fluids flow simultaneously along fractures and through the porous medium existing between the fractures. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Adler, P M AU - Mourzenko, V V AU - Thovert, J F AU - Bogdanov, I Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 33 EP - 41 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - hydrology KW - three-dimensional models KW - porous materials KW - mechanical properties KW - equations KW - preferential flow KW - fracturing KW - fluid dynamics KW - geometry KW - transport KW - mathematical methods KW - volume KW - multiphase flow KW - percolation KW - single-phase flow KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51598762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Study+of+single+and+multiphase+flow+in+fractured+porous+media%2C+using+a+percolation+approach&rft.au=Adler%2C+P+M%3BMourzenko%2C+V+V%3BThovert%2C+J+F%3BBogdanov%2C+I&rft.aulast=Adler&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM05 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - equations; fluid dynamics; fracturing; geometry; hydrology; mathematical methods; mechanical properties; multiphase flow; percolation; permeability; porous materials; preferential flow; single-phase flow; three-dimensional models; transport; volume DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting fractured zones in the Culebra Dolomite AN - 51598430; 2006-037410 AB - Fracturing in the Culebra Dolomite Member of the Permian Rustler Formation exhibits a high degree of spatial variability in the vicinity of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in southeastern New Mexico. The WIPP is the U.S. Department of Energy's deep geological repository for transuranic and mixed wastes resulting from the nation's defense programs. The WIPP repository is located 655 m below ground surface in bedded halite of the Permian Salado Formation, which underlies the Rustler and Culebra. Culebra transmissivities (T's) in the vicinity of the WIPP vary over six orders of magnitude, with higher T's (log (sub 10) T (m (super 2) /s) > -5.4) reflecting zones of well-interconnected fractures. We develop, test, and refine a conceptual model for predicting fracture zones within the Culebra. We define three regional-scale controls on Culebra fracturing, including the dissolution of salt from below the Culebra, the presence of halite above and below the Culebra, and overburden thickness. We also identify two local-scale controls on Culebra fracture zones including fracture-filling cements and localized deformation due to ductile flow of the mudstone that underlies the Culebra. The spatial distribution of the regional-scale controls is easily predicted. However, the influence of local controls can only be uniquely identified in hydraulic test data. A drilling program initiated in 2003 tests aspects of this conceptual model and leads to minor revisions of our conceptual understanding of the geologic controls on fracturing in the Culebra. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Holt, Robert M AU - Beauheim, Richard L AU - Powers, Dennis W Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 103 EP - 115 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - United States KW - halides KW - Eddy County New Mexico KW - Rustler Formation KW - New Mexico KW - fracturing KW - solution KW - radioactive waste KW - spatial distribution KW - spatial variations KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chlorides KW - drilling KW - cement KW - Waste Isolation Pilot Plant KW - Culebra Dolomite Member KW - Salado Formation KW - ductile deformation KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - overburden KW - mudstone KW - sulfates KW - Paleozoic KW - connectivity KW - prediction KW - deformation KW - Permian KW - evaporites KW - halite KW - Upper Permian KW - fracture zones KW - drawdown KW - transmissivity KW - heterogeneous materials KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - salt KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51598430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Predicting+fractured+zones+in+the+Culebra+Dolomite&rft.au=Holt%2C+Robert+M%3BBeauheim%2C+Richard+L%3BPowers%2C+Dennis+W&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM11 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., strat. cols., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cement; chemically precipitated rocks; chlorides; clastic rocks; connectivity; Culebra Dolomite Member; deformation; drawdown; drilling; ductile deformation; Eddy County New Mexico; evaporites; fracture zones; fracturing; halides; halite; heterogeneous materials; mudstone; New Mexico; overburden; Paleozoic; Permian; prediction; radioactive waste; Rustler Formation; Salado Formation; salt; sedimentary rocks; solution; spatial distribution; spatial variations; sulfates; theoretical models; transmissivity; United States; Upper Permian; waste disposal; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Percolation-continuum model of evaporative drying; homogeneous or patchy saturation? AN - 51598398; 2006-037405 AB - Porous rock near the earth's surface often contains more than one fluid phase, and an important case is partial saturation with air and water. We implemented a pore-scale, percolation model coupled with a continuum model for water vapor diffusion in order to create a simulated tomographic image of water distribution within a rock core during drying. As drying proceeds, the initial, continuous water cluster breaks up into smaller and smaller clusters with an increasing surface-area-to-volume ratio. Drying times are a function of the number and location of boundary surfaces, but the surface-area-to-volume ratio is approximately the same for a given saturation. By applying a Voigt volume average of the elastic properties of water-filled and air-filled cells, and by introducing the ad hoc rule that water-filled pores on the air-water interface of a cluster behave in a drained manner, we find elastic moduli as a function of saturation that mimic laboratory experimental data. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Wang, H F AU - Strand, T E AU - Berryman, J G Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 43 EP - 54 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - tomography KW - elastic properties KW - sandstone KW - water vapor KW - fluid phase KW - elastic constants KW - simulation KW - cores KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - percolation KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - air-water interface KW - grain size KW - porous materials KW - bulk modulus KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - evaporation KW - saturation KW - volume KW - air KW - clastic rocks KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51598398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Percolation-continuum+model+of+evaporative+drying%3B+homogeneous+or+patchy+saturation%3F&rft.au=Wang%2C+H+F%3BStrand%2C+T+E%3BBerryman%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM06 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; air-water interface; boundary conditions; bulk modulus; clastic rocks; cores; diffusion; elastic constants; elastic properties; evaporation; experimental studies; fluid phase; grain size; laboratory studies; models; percolation; pore water; porous materials; sandstone; saturation; sedimentary rocks; simulation; tomography; volume; water; water vapor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DC resistivity and induced polarization methods AN - 51597975; 2006-036963 JF - Water Science and Technology Library AU - Binley, Andrew AU - Kemna, Andreas A2 - Rubin, Yoram A2 - Hubbard, Susan S. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 129 EP - 156 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 50 SN - 0921-092X, 0921-092X KW - imagery KW - electrical properties KW - spatial data KW - physicochemical properties KW - geophysical methods KW - solutes KW - electrical field KW - hydrogeology KW - resistivity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - electrical sounding KW - sounding KW - induced polarization KW - time domain analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51597975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=DC+resistivity+and+induced+polarization+methods&rft.au=Binley%2C+Andrew%3BKemna%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Binley&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=1402031017&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/r10197/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Hydrogeophysics Advanced Study Institute N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; electrical field; electrical properties; electrical sounding; geophysical methods; ground water; hydrogeology; imagery; induced polarization; physicochemical properties; resistivity; solutes; sounding; spatial data; time domain analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dry-steam wellhead discharges from liquid-dominated geothermal reservoirs; a result of coupled nonequilibrium multiphase fluid and heat flow through fractured rock AN - 51596764; 2006-037415 AB - In many geothermal fields around the world, it is observed that (1) the vertical distribution of fluid pressure in the undisturbed reservoir is approximately liquid-hydrostatic (7-9 kPa per meter of depth), but that (2) when a well is drilled into the reservoir and fluid is withdrawn, the enthalpy (or steam fraction) of the stable fluid discharge is often anomalously high--sometimes the well discharges steam alone. As will be seen, this apparent paradox cannot be explained unless the reservoir is highly heterogeneous on a local scale, with a sharp permeability contrast between the relatively impermeable matrix rock and the "fracture zones" that penetrate it and provide channels for fluid flow. Also, anomalous wellhead discharge enthalpies will not be observed unless two-phase flow of a water/steam mixture is taking place deep within the reservoir itself. Finally, it is noteworthy that this so-called "excess enthalpy effect" is inherently transient in character and discharge enthalpies will eventually decline, although several years may pass before the deterioration in system performance becomes noticeable. Examples of these phenomena as observed in two geothermal fields in Japan are presented. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Pritchett, John W Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 175 EP - 181 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - Onikobe Field KW - Sumikawa Field KW - Far East KW - geothermal wells KW - models KW - Iwate Japan KW - geothermal fields KW - fractures KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - enthalpy KW - fluid pressure KW - heat flow KW - multiphase flow KW - Honshu KW - drilling KW - discharge KW - Asia KW - permeability KW - Japan KW - hydrostatic pressure KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51596764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Reservoir+imaging+using+frequency-dependent+seismic+attributes&rft.au=Goloshubin%2C+G%3BKorneev%2C+V%3BSilin%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Goloshubin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; discharge; drilling; enthalpy; Far East; fluid pressure; fractures; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; geothermal wells; heat flow; Honshu; hydrostatic pressure; Iwate Japan; Japan; models; multiphase flow; Onikobe Field; permeability; Sumikawa Field DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of microbial activity on biodegradation of 2,4,6-tribromophenol and flow in naturally fractured chalk cores AN - 51596242; 2006-037417 AB - Biodegradation of 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) was investigated in low-permeability fractured-chalk cores. Long-term ( approximately 600 days) biodegradation experiments were conducted in two cores ( approximately 21 cm diameter, 31 and 44 cm long, respectively) intersected by a natural fracture. The impact of residence time, oxygen concentration, and chalk characteristics (such as pore size) on biodegradation were evaluated. In addition, the relationship between microbial activity and fracture transmissivity was evaluated. The main limiting factor for TBP biodegradation in these experiments was oxygen availability. Although the matrix pore-size distribution limits microbial activity to the fracture void, which has a relatively low surface area with respect to that of the entire chalk matrix, the chalk appears to provide an excellent environment for biodegradation activity. TBP removal was very slow when the conditions were similar to those expected in contaminated aquitards (natural attenuation). A significant enhancement in TBP removal was achieved by an increase in oxygen concentration within the fracture and faster flow rates, simulating an in situ bioremediation scenario, but at the same time, the fracture's transmissivity was reduced due to bioclogging. Approximately 90% of the TBP removal occurred within 10 cm of the TBP source, even when the residence time was reduced from 305 to 8 minutes and the fracture transmissivity decreased by up to two orders of magnitude (indicating that most of the biodegradation and clogging occurred near the contaminant source). The results obtained from this study suggest that in situ bioremediation can be used to accelerate the removal of organic contaminants in low-permeability fractured rock, if nutrient-delivery pathways within the aquitard are secured. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Arnon, Shai AU - Adar, Eilon M AU - Ronen, Zeev AU - Yakirevich, Alexander AU - Nativ, Ronit Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 195 EP - 207 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquitards KW - porosity KW - cores KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - chalk KW - organic compounds KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transmissivity KW - residence time KW - carbonate rocks KW - permeability KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51596242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+microbial+activity+on+biodegradation+of+2%2C4%2C6-tribromophenol+and+flow+in+naturally+fractured+chalk+cores&rft.au=Arnon%2C+Shai%3BAdar%2C+Eilon+M%3BRonen%2C+Zeev%3BYakirevich%2C+Alexander%3BNativ%2C+Ronit&rft.aulast=Arnon&rft.aufirst=Shai&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM18 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquitards; biodegradation; bioremediation; carbonate rocks; chalk; cores; experimental studies; fractures; ground water; microorganisms; organic compounds; oxygen; permeability; pollutants; pollution; porosity; remediation; residence time; sedimentary rocks; transmissivity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships between the electrical and hydrogeological properties of rocks and soils AN - 51596049; 2006-036962 JF - Water Science and Technology Library AU - Lesmes, David P AU - Friedman, Shmulik P A2 - Rubin, Yoram A2 - Hubbard, Susan S. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 87 EP - 128 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 50 SN - 0921-092X, 0921-092X KW - soils KW - soil mechanics KW - experimental studies KW - electrical properties KW - saturated flow KW - geophysical methods KW - porous materials KW - hydrogeology KW - preferential flow KW - dielectric constant KW - rock mechanics KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - physical properties KW - hydrostratigraphy KW - saturation KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51596049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=Relationships+between+the+electrical+and+hydrogeological+properties+of+rocks+and+soils&rft.au=Lesmes%2C+David+P%3BFriedman%2C+Shmulik+P&rft.aulast=Lesmes&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=1402031017&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/r10197/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Hydrogeophysics Advanced Study Institute N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 120 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; dielectric constant; electrical properties; experimental studies; geophysical methods; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrogeology; hydrostratigraphy; laboratory studies; physical properties; porous materials; preferential flow; rock mechanics; saturated flow; saturation; soil mechanics; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeological methods for estimation of spatial variations in hydraulic conductivity AN - 51595868; 2006-036960 JF - Water Science and Technology Library AU - Butler, James J, Jr A2 - Rubin, Yoram A2 - Hubbard, Susan S. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 23 EP - 58 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 50 SN - 0921-092X, 0921-092X KW - United States KW - tomography KW - solute transport KW - water quality KW - slug tests KW - electrical conductivity KW - floodplains KW - hydrogeology KW - environmental analysis KW - cores KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - pump tests KW - laboratory studies KW - spatial variations KW - saturated zone KW - Lawrence Kansas KW - transport KW - Douglas County Kansas KW - flowmeters KW - Kansas River KW - permeameters KW - water supply KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - resistivity KW - aquifers KW - Kansas KW - fluvial features KW - unconsolidated materials KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51595868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=Hydrogeological+methods+for+estimation+of+spatial+variations+in+hydraulic+conductivity&rft.au=Butler%2C+James+J%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=1402031017&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/r10197/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Hydrogeophysics Advanced Study Institute N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 110 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; cores; Douglas County Kansas; electrical conductivity; environmental analysis; experimental studies; floodplains; flowmeters; fluvial features; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrogeology; Kansas; Kansas River; laboratory studies; Lawrence Kansas; permeameters; pollutants; pollution; pump tests; remediation; resistivity; saturated zone; slug tests; solute transport; spatial variations; tomography; transport; unconsolidated materials; United States; water quality; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulations show potential for strong nonisothermal effects during fluid leakage from a geologic disposal reservoir for CO (sub 2) AN - 51595649; 2006-037408 AB - Leakage of CO (sub 2) from a primary disposal reservoir is presumed to occur along a fault or fracture zone, which has been modeled as a slab of porous and permeable material embedded in wall rocks of negligibly small permeability. Numerical simulations presented here include multiphase flow, boiling of liquid CO (sub 2) , transitions between supercritical and subcritical conditions, phase partitioning between CO (sub 2) and water, and nonisothermal effects. Depressurization of rising CO (sub 2) is found to produce strong cooling. Conductive heat transfer from the impermeable wall rocks is an important aspect of system evolution. Pressure and temperature conditions are drawn towards the critical point of CO (sub 2) and the CO (sub 2) saturation line. The interplay between multiphase flow in the fracture zone and heat conduction perpendicular to it may produce nonmonotonic, quasi-periodic variations in thermodynamic conditions and CO (sub 2) discharges across the land surface. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 81 EP - 89 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - thermal conductivity KW - fluid phase KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - carbon dioxide KW - wall rocks KW - cooling KW - thermodynamic properties KW - P-T conditions KW - water KW - liquid phase KW - migration KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - porous materials KW - geometry KW - fracture zones KW - saturation KW - boiling KW - multiphase flow KW - theoretical models KW - heat transfer KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - fault zones KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51595649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulations+show+potential+for+strong+nonisothermal+effects+during+fluid+leakage+from+a+geologic+disposal+reservoir+for+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM09 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boiling; carbon dioxide; cooling; fault zones; fluid dynamics; fluid phase; fracture zones; gaseous phase; geometry; heat transfer; liquid phase; migration; multiphase flow; numerical models; P-T conditions; permeability; porous materials; preferential flow; saturation; simulation; theoretical models; thermal conductivity; thermodynamic properties; wall rocks; waste disposal; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Do heterogeneous sediment properties and turbulent velocity fluctuations have something in common? Some history and a new stochastic process AN - 51595635; 2006-037402 AB - It is increasingly apparent that sediment property distributions on sufficiently small scales are probably irregular. This has led to the development of stochastic theory in subsurface hydrology, including statistically heterogeneous concepts based mainly on the Gaussian and Levy-stable probability density functions (PDFs), the mathematical basis for stochastic fractals. Gaussian and Levy-stable stochastic fractals have been applied both in the field of turbulence and subsurface hydrology. However, measurements have shown that the increment frequency distributions do not always follow Gaussian or Levy-stable PDFs. Provided herein is an overview of the origin and development of a new non-stationary stochastic process, called fractional Laplace motion (flam) with stationary, correlated, increments called fractional Laplace noise (fLan). It is based on the Laplace PDF and known generalizations, and does not display self-similarity. Uncorrelated versions are equivalent to a Brownian motion subordinated to the gamma process. In analogy to the development of fractional Brownian motion (fBm) from Brownian motion, fLam is equivalent to fBm subordinated to a gamma process. The new stochastic fractal has increment PDFs that compare better with measurements, the moments of the PDF family remain bounded, and decay of the increment distribution tails vary from being slower than exponential through exponential and on to a Gaussian decay as the lag size increases. This leads to increasingly more intermittent fluctuations as the lag size decreases. It may be that the geometric central limit theorem, and possible generalizations, will play an important role in connecting the abstract mathematics to the physics underlying applications. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Molz, Fred J AU - Meerschaert, Mark M AU - Kozubowski, Tom J AU - Hyden, Paul D Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 13 EP - 22 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - heterogeneous materials KW - stochastic processes KW - mathematical methods KW - statistical analysis KW - sediments KW - velocity KW - probability KW - turbulence KW - resistivity KW - fractals KW - permeability KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51595635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Do+heterogeneous+sediment+properties+and+turbulent+velocity+fluctuations+have+something+in+common%3F+Some+history+and+a+new+stochastic+process&rft.au=Molz%2C+Fred+J%3BMeerschaert%2C+Mark+M%3BKozubowski%2C+Tom+J%3BHyden%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Molz&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM03 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fractals; heterogeneous materials; mathematical methods; permeability; probability; resistivity; sediments; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; turbulence; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of hydraulic disturbances caused by the underground rock characterization facility in Olkiluoto, Finland AN - 51595536; 2006-037412 AB - A final repository for spent nuclear fuel is sought in Finland by Posiva (the company responsible for the construction and operation of the final nuclear-waste disposal facility in Finland, http://www.posiva.fi). A part of this project involves an underground rock characterization facility (ONKALO), which will consist of an 8,500 m long and 520 m deep system of tunnels, to be potentially extended with the drifts of the repository. The maximum hydraulic disturbance (water table drawdown, deep saline-water upconing and tunnel inflow) that might result from the construction and operation of the ONKALO facility were assessed by site-scale finite-element simulations. The drawdown was calculated by employing the free-surface approach. Tunnel inflows were obtained from the state of equilibrium, while the evolution of the salinity distribution was simulated using a time-dependent and coupled flow and salt transport model. The simulations showed that without engineering measures to limit inflow of groundwater into the ONKALO facility, the hydraulic disturbances would be significantly greater than with these measures implemented. Most of the inflow (330-1,100 L/min) would come from the conductive subhorizontal fracture zones intersected by the drifts. The water table could sink to a depth of about 200 m, and the depressed area could extend over the Olkiluoto Island. Groundwater salinity (expressed as total dissolved solids [TDS]) could locally rise from 22 g/L to over 50 g/L at the tunnel depth of 520 m. With tight grouting, the simulations showed that the depression in the water table can be confined to the immediate vicinity of the ONKALO, the maximum draw-down of the water table remained around 10 m, and the total inflow to the tunnels was about 20 L/min. Moreover, upconing of the saline water remained moderate. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Lofman, Jari AU - Meszaros, Ferenc Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 129 EP - 149 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - waste disposal sites KW - grouting KW - Europe KW - salinity KW - simulation KW - Olkiluoto KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - finite element analysis KW - Western Finland Province KW - tunnels KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - Finland KW - mathematical models KW - Eurajoki Finland KW - equilibrium KW - boundary conditions KW - geometry KW - water table KW - Scandinavia KW - fracture zones KW - drawdown KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51595536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+hydraulic+disturbances+caused+by+the+underground+rock+characterization+facility+in+Olkiluoto%2C+Finland&rft.au=Lofman%2C+Jari%3BMeszaros%2C+Ferenc&rft.aulast=Lofman&rft.aufirst=Jari&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM13 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; drawdown; equilibrium; Eurajoki Finland; Europe; finite element analysis; Finland; fracture zones; geometry; ground water; grouting; hydraulic conductivity; mathematical models; numerical models; Olkiluoto; radioactive waste; salinity; Scandinavia; simulation; tunnels; waste disposal sites; water table; Western Europe; Western Finland Province DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Navier-Stokes simulations of fluid flow through a rock fracture AN - 51594688; 2006-037406 AB - A surface profilometer was used to measure fracture profiles every 10 microns over the surfaces of a replica of a fracture in a red Permian sandstone, to within an accuracy of a few microns. These surface data were used as input to two finite element codes that solve the Navier-Stokes equations and the Reynolds equation, respectively. Numerical simulations of flow through these measured aperture fields were carried out at different values of the mean aperture, corresponding to different values of the relative roughness. Flow experiments were also conducted in casts of two regions of the fracture. At low Reynolds numbers, the Navier-Stokes simulations yielded transmissivities for the two fracture regions that were closer to the experimental values than were the values predicted by the lubrication model. In general, the lubrication model overestimated the transmissivity by an amount that varied as a function of the relative roughness, defined as the standard deviation of the aperture divided by the mean aperture. The initial deviations from linearity, for Reynolds numbers in the range 1-10, were consistent with the "weak inertia" model developed by Mei and Auriault for porous media, and with the results obtained computationally by Skjetne et al. in 1999 on a two-dimensional self-affine fracture. In the regime 103 mu g/L, and TBA has a drinking water action level of 12 mu g/L. We describe a simple, automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method for the analysis of MTBE and TBA in water. The headspace (HS) of a water sample is extracted with a carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane SPME fiber and the MTBE and TBA are desorbed into a gas chromatograph (GC) and detected using a mass spectrometer (MS). The method is optimized for the routine analysis of MTBE and TBA, with a level of quantitation of 0.3 and 4 mu g/L, respectively, in water. The lower level of detection for MTBE is 0.03 mu g/L using this method. This HS extraction SPME is applicable to the measurement of both MTBE and TBA at concentrations below regulatory action levels. This method was compared with the certified U.S. EPA Method 5030/8260B (purge and trap/GC/MS) using split samples. Results from the SPME-HS/GC/MS method were directly comparable to those from the U.S. EPA Method 5030/8260B. This method provides a simple, inexpensive, accurate, and sensitive alternative to the U.S. EPA Method 5030/8260B for the analysis of MTBE and TBA in water samples. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Stringfellow, William T AU - Oh, Keun-Chan Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 52 EP - 58 PB - Blackwell for National Ground Water Association, Malden, MA VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - methods KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - automated analysis KW - solid phase KW - ethers KW - Clean Air Act KW - California KW - gas chromatography KW - organic compounds KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - community water systems KW - alcohols KW - solid-phase microextraction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51589107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+SPME+headspace+analysis+to+U.+S.+EPA+method+5030%2F8260B+for+MTBE+monitoring&rft.au=Stringfellow%2C+William+T%3BOh%2C+Keun-Chan&rft.aulast=Stringfellow&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; automated analysis; California; Clean Air Act; community water systems; drinking water; ethers; gas chromatography; ground water; methods; methyl tert-butyl ether; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; solid phase; solid-phase microextraction; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Green Mountain clays, 42nd annual meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AN - 51560022; 2006-063555 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Kaplan, Daniel I AU - Demirkanli, Deniz I AU - Duff, Martine AU - Gumapas, Leo AU - Powell, Brian A AU - Fjeld, Robert A AU - Molz, Fred J AU - Serkizi, Steven M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 61 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 42 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - processes KW - migration KW - goethite KW - South Carolina KW - pollutants KW - plutonium KW - oxidation KW - clay mineralogy KW - pollution KW - Aiken County South Carolina KW - kaolinite KW - clay minerals KW - Aiken South Carolina KW - hematite KW - metals KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - Savannah River Site KW - actinides KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51560022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=Green+Mountain+clays%2C+42nd+annual+meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+Daniel+I%3BDemirkanli%2C+Deniz+I%3BDuff%2C+Martine%3BGumapas%2C+Leo%3BPowell%2C+Brian+A%3BFjeld%2C+Robert+A%3BMolz%2C+Fred+J%3BSerkizi%2C+Steven+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Green Mountain clays, 42nd annual meeting of the Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Aiken County South Carolina; Aiken South Carolina; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; goethite; hematite; kaolinite; metals; migration; oxidation; oxides; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; processes; Savannah River Site; sheet silicates; silicates; South Carolina; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for the extinction of mammoths by an extra terrestrial impact event AN - 51541444; 2006-074439 JF - Short Papers and Abstracts - World of Elephants Congress AU - Firestone, Richard B AU - West, Allen A2 - Agenbroad, Larry D. A2 - Symington, R. L. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 40 EP - 43 PB - World of Elephants International Congress VL - 2 KW - United States KW - geologic hazards KW - Baker New Mexico KW - New Mexico KW - Gainey Michigan KW - Alton Indiana KW - magnetic properties KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Leavitt Michigan KW - Elephantoidea KW - Cenozoic KW - Theria KW - meteorites KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Zander Ontario KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Shoop Pennsylvania KW - extinction KW - Elephantidae KW - particulate materials KW - Mammuthus KW - Eutheria KW - paleoindian KW - Chordata KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - archaeology KW - Quaternary KW - Illinois KW - Mammalia KW - Proboscidea KW - impacts KW - Ontario KW - micrometeorites KW - Canada KW - chert KW - Pleistocene KW - Michigan KW - Vertebrata KW - Pennsylvania KW - Eastern Canada KW - Taylor Illinois KW - Tetrapoda KW - catastrophes KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 11:Vertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51541444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Short+Papers+and+Abstracts+-+World+of+Elephants+Congress&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+the+extinction+of+mammoths+by+an+extra+terrestrial+impact+event&rft.au=Firestone%2C+Richard+B%3BWest%2C+Allen&rft.aulast=Firestone&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Short+Papers+and+Abstracts+-+World+of+Elephants+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2004.06.007 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2nd world of elephants congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06643 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alton Indiana; archaeology; Baker New Mexico; Canada; catastrophes; Cenozoic; chemically precipitated rocks; chert; Chordata; Eastern Canada; Elephantidae; Elephantoidea; Eutheria; extinction; Gainey Michigan; geologic hazards; Illinois; impacts; Indiana; Leavitt Michigan; magnetic properties; Mammalia; Mammuthus; meteorites; Michigan; micrometeorites; New Mexico; Ontario; paleoindian; particulate materials; Pennsylvania; Pleistocene; Proboscidea; Quaternary; sedimentary rocks; sediments; Shoop Pennsylvania; Taylor Illinois; Tetrapoda; Theria; United States; upper Pleistocene; Vertebrata; Zander Ontario ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Amorphization of forsterite grains due to high energy heavy ion irradiation; implications for grain processing in ISM AN - 51485641; 2007-018525 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Bajt, S AU - Baragiola, R A AU - Bringa, E M AU - Bradley, J P AU - Dai, Z R AU - Dukes, C A AU - Felter, T AU - Graham, G A AU - Kucheyev, S O AU - Loeffler, M J AU - Martin, M C AU - Tielens, A AU - Torres, D AU - van Breugel, W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 36 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - irradiation KW - amorphous materials KW - high energy heavy ions KW - interstellar medium KW - olivine group KW - ions KW - infrared spectra KW - forsterite KW - nesosilicates KW - laboratory studies KW - cosmic dust KW - grains KW - orthosilicates KW - spectra KW - amorphization KW - reflectance KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51485641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Amorphization+of+forsterite+grains+due+to+high+energy+heavy+ion+irradiation%3B+implications+for+grain+processing+in+ISM&rft.au=Bajt%2C+S%3BBaragiola%2C+R+A%3BBringa%2C+E+M%3BBradley%2C+J+P%3BDai%2C+Z+R%3BDukes%2C+C+A%3BFelter%2C+T%3BGraham%2C+G+A%3BKucheyev%2C+S+O%3BLoeffler%2C+M+J%3BMartin%2C+M+C%3BTielens%2C+A%3BTorres%2C+D%3Bvan+Breugel%2C+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bajt&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2005/pdf/2342.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-sixth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 20, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphization; amorphous materials; cosmic dust; experimental studies; forsterite; grains; high energy heavy ions; infrared spectra; interstellar medium; ions; irradiation; laboratory studies; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; reflectance; silicates; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy (HREELS) using a monochromated TEM/STEM AN - 51484279; 2007-022216 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Dai, Z R AU - Bradley, J P AU - Erni, R AU - Browning, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 36 KW - high-resolution methods KW - high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy KW - EEL spectra KW - oxygen KW - optical spectra KW - cosmochemistry KW - interplanetary dust KW - valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy KW - cosmic dust KW - stars KW - ice KW - carbon KW - inclusions KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - fluid inclusions KW - spectra KW - HREELS KW - organic carbon KW - spectroscopy KW - VEELS KW - electron energy-loss spectra KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51484279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=High-resolution+electron+energy-loss+spectroscopy+%28HREELS%29+using+a+monochromated+TEM%2FSTEM&rft.au=Dai%2C+Z+R%3BBradley%2C+J+P%3BErni%2C+R%3BBrowning%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2005/pdf/2110.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-sixth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 14, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; cosmic dust; cosmochemistry; EEL spectra; electron energy-loss spectra; fluid inclusions; high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy; high-resolution methods; HREELS; ice; inclusions; interplanetary dust; optical spectra; organic carbon; oxygen; spectra; spectroscopy; stars; ultraviolet spectra; valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy; VEELS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frio Brine Pilot; field validation of numerical simulation of CO (sub 2) storage AN - 50436574; 2009-047716 AB - For the Frio Brine Pilot we injected 1,600 tons of supercritical CO (sub 2) into a brine-saturated formation 1,500 m below surface and measured transport between two wells 30 meters apart though a moderately homogeneous, high permeability (2.5 Darcy) sandstone. Modeling using TOUGH2 with parameters based on detailed study of petrophysics predicted that breakthough of CO (sub 2) to the observation well would occur in 2.5 to 6 days. During the injection phase of the field experiment, breakthough of CO (sub 2) occurred 30 percent earlier than predicted. Logging using the Schlumberger reservoir saturation tool determined that by the fourth day after the initiation of injection, the plume thickness was half what and that saturation in preferred flow zones was higher than had been predicted by the model showing that factors favoring rapid flow such as high permeability zones or gravity override were larger than predicted. As injection continued for 9 days, plume thickness increased by addition of CO (sub 2) in the lower part of the plume, culminating with an observed saturation profile similar to that predicted by the model. CO (sub 2) saturation was variable but was estimated to be in excess of 50% of porosity. Post injection saturation changes observed as CO (sub 2) migrated though the steeply dipping sandstone under gravitational forces appears to reverse the trend observed during injection. Continued observation will yield information about saturation history significant to understanding CO (sub 2) trapping mechanisms. Downhole pressure and temperature proved to be sensitive indicators of plume behavior, showing changes in plume as CO (sub 2) saturation changed before and after breakthough. JF - Abstracts: Annual Meeting - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Hovorka, Susan D AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Sakurai, Shinichi AU - Holtz, Mark AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 14 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - numerical models KW - Frio County Texas KW - Frio Brine Pilot test KW - engineering properties KW - saturated materials KW - injection KW - sandstone KW - Texas KW - gas storage KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - computer programs KW - sedimentary rocks KW - saturation KW - brines KW - clastic rocks KW - storage KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50436574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Frio+Brine+Pilot%3B+field+validation+of+numerical+simulation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage&rft.au=Hovorka%2C+Susan+D%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BSakurai%2C+Shinichi%3BHoltz%2C+Mark%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hovorka&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=A63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG 2005 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06983 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbon dioxide; clastic rocks; computer programs; engineering properties; Frio Brine Pilot test; Frio County Texas; gas storage; injection; numerical models; porosity; reservoir rocks; sandstone; saturated materials; saturation; sedimentary rocks; simulation; storage; Texas; TOUGH2; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanoscale environments associated with bioweathering of a Mg-Fe-pyroxene AN - 50118002; 2010-005301 AB - Microorganisms are believed to create microenvironments leading to reaction products not predictable from equilibrium thermodynamics and to unique biomineral morphologies. Unambiguous evidence for such environments is, however, rare in natural samples. We have used scanning transmission x-ray microscopy and spectromicroscopy at the sub-40-nm scale, coupled with transmission electron microscopy, to examine bioweathering products on a meteoritic Fe-Mg-orthopyroxene colonized by a filamentous microorganism. Our measurements reveal an amorphous Al-rich layer beneath the microorganism, calcium carbonates of unique morphology intimately associated with polysaccharides adjacent to the microorganism, and regions surrounding the microorganism with different iron oxidation states. Our results confirm the presence of different microenvironments at this microorganism-mineral interface and provide unique nanometer-scale views of microbially controlled pyroxene weathering products. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Benzerara, Karim AU - Yoon, Tae Hyun AU - Menguy, Nicolas AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Brown, Gordon E, Jr Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 979 EP - 982 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 102 IS - 4 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - silicates KW - magnesium KW - North Africa KW - iron KW - meteorites KW - pyroxene group KW - hematite KW - aluminum KW - oxides KW - Tunisia KW - bioweathering KW - chain silicates KW - alkaline earth metals KW - oxidation KW - weathering KW - TEM data KW - calcite KW - ultrastructure KW - southern Tunisia KW - biogenic processes KW - X-ray data KW - metals KW - Africa KW - geomorphology KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - microbe-mineral interface KW - microorganisms KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50118002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Nanoscale+environments+associated+with+bioweathering+of+a+Mg-Fe-pyroxene&rft.au=Benzerara%2C+Karim%3BYoon%2C+Tae+Hyun%3BMenguy%2C+Nicolas%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BBrown%2C+Gordon+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Benzerara&rft.aufirst=Karim&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=979&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.0409029102 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; alkaline earth metals; aluminum; biogenic processes; bioweathering; calcite; carbonates; chain silicates; geomorphology; hematite; iron; magnesium; metals; meteorites; microbe-mineral interface; microorganisms; North Africa; oxidation; oxides; pyroxene group; SEM data; silicates; southern Tunisia; TEM data; Tunisia; ultrastructure; weathering; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409029102 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Context, tissue plasticity, and cancer Are tumor stem cells also regulated by the microenvironment? AN - 21270828; 6140451 JF - Cancer Cell AU - Bissell, MJ AU - LaBarge, MA AD - Department Cancer Biology, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mjbissell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 17 EP - 23 PB - Cell Press, 1100 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02138 USA, [mailto:subs@cell.com], [URL:http://www.cellpress.com] VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1535-6108, 1535-6108 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Stem cells KW - Microenvironments KW - Tumors KW - Plasticity KW - Cancer KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Cell&rft.atitle=Context%2C+tissue+plasticity%2C+and+cancer+Are+tumor+stem+cells+also+regulated+by+the+microenvironment%3F&rft.au=Bissell%2C+MJ%3BLaBarge%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Bissell&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Cell&rft.issn=15356108&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ccr.2004.12.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stem cells; Microenvironments; Tumors; Plasticity; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.12.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inclusion of cool roofs in nonresidential Title 24 prescriptive requirements AN - 20526668; 7764498 AB - Roofs that have high solar reflectance (high ability to reflect sunlight) and high thermal emittance (high ability to radiate heat) tend to stay cool in the sun. The same is true of low-emittance roofs with exceptionally high solar reflectance. Substituting a cool roof for a non-cool roof tends to decrease cooling electricity use, cooling power demand, and cooling-equipment capacity requirements, while slightly increasing heating energy consumption. Cool roofs can also lower citywide ambient air temperature in summer, slowing ozone formation and increasing human comfort. DOE-2.1E building energy simulations indicate that use of a cool roofing material on a prototypical California nonresidential (NR) building with a low-sloped roof yields average annual cooling energy savings of approximately 3.2kWh/m2 (300kWh/1000ft2), average annual natural gas deficits of 5.6MJ/m2 (4.9therm/1000ft2), average annual source energy savings of 30MJ/m2 (2.6MBTU/1000ft2), and average peak power demand savings of 2.1W/m2 (0.19kW/1000ft2). The 15-year net present value (NPV) of energy savings averages $4.90/m2 ($450/1000ft2) with time-dependent valuation (TDV), and $4.00/m2 ($370/1000ft2) without TDV. When cost savings from downsizing cooling equipment are included, the average total savings (15-year NPV+equipment savings) rises to $5.90/m2 ($550/1000ft2) with TDV, and to $5.00/m2 ($470/1000ft2) without TDV. Total savings range from 1.90 to 8.30$/m2 (0.18-0.77$/ft2) with TDV, and from 1.70 to 7.10$/m2 (0.16-0.66$/ft2) without TDV, across California's 16 climate zones. The typical cost premium for a cool roof is 0.00-2.20$/m2 (0.00-0.20$/ft2). Cool roofs with premiums up to $2.20/m2 ($0.20/ft2) are expected to be cost effective in climate zones 2-16; those with premiums not exceeding $1.90/m2 ($0.18/ft2) are expected to be also cost effective in climate zone 1. Hence, this study recommends that the year-2005 California building energy efficiency code (Title 24, Part 6 of the California Code of Regulations) for NR buildings with low-sloped roofs include a cool-roof prescriptive requirement in all California climate zones. Buildings with roofs that do not meet prescriptive requirements may comply with the code via an 'overall-envelope' approach (non-metal roofs only), or via a performance approach (all roof types). JF - Energy Policy AU - Levinson, Ronnen AU - Akbari, Hashem AU - Konopacki, Steve AU - Bretz, Sarah AD - Heat Island Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, rmlevinson@LBL.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 151 EP - 170 PB - Elsevier Science, Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Nuclear polyhedrosis virus KW - Energy efficiency KW - air temperature KW - Energy conservation KW - Simulation KW - Energy consumption KW - sunlight KW - Buildings KW - Natural gas KW - energy policy KW - summer KW - USA, California KW - Ozone KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20526668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Inclusion+of+cool+roofs+in+nonresidential+Title+24+prescriptive+requirements&rft.au=Levinson%2C+Ronnen%3BAkbari%2C+Hashem%3BKonopacki%2C+Steve%3BBretz%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Levinson&rft.aufirst=Ronnen&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0301-4215%2803%2900206-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; air temperature; energy policy; Energy conservation; Simulation; summer; Energy consumption; sunlight; Natural gas; Buildings; Ozone; Nuclear polyhedrosis virus; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00206-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a Wet Plume Following Liquid Release along a Fault AN - 19951608; 6495472 AB - To investigate unsaturated flow through a fault located within fractured welded tuff, we performed in situ field experiments in the Exploratory Studies Facility at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. This experiment involved the release of approximately 82000 L water for a period of 17 mo directly into a near-vertical fault under both constant positive head (at about 0.04 m) and decreasing fluxes. As water was released into the fault, changes in moisture content were monitored in the formation while a large cavity excavated below the test bed was visually inspected for seepage. We observed that water (introduced along the fault) maintained the fault as the primary vertical flowpath, while the adjacent fractured rock served to move water laterally and vertically. Further, unlike primary flowpaths along the fault, flow was not persistent along the secondary flowpaths. While this field experiment provided preliminary insights about the flow field associated with a fault, it also demonstrated the need to investigate the role of infill material and secondary fractures in diverting flow from gravity-driven fast flow toward flowpaths in which lateral flow may occur. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Hudson, David AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Wang, Joseph SY AD - MS 14R0108, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94707, R_Salve@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 89 EP - 100 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 4 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Geologic Fractures KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - USA, Nevada KW - Field Tests KW - Seepage KW - Mountains KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Welding KW - Moisture Content KW - seepages KW - Plumes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19951608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Wet+Plume+Following+Liquid+Release+along+a+Fault&rft.au=Salve%2C+Rohit%3BHudson%2C+David%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BWang%2C+Joseph+SY&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=Rohit&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=42%2C+Part+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Welding; seepages; Plumes; Testing Procedures; Geologic Fractures; Unsaturated Flow; Groundwater Pollution; Moisture Content; Field Tests; Seepage; USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt.; USA, Nevada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of polar solvents on the fracture resistance of dentin: role of water hydration AN - 19728941; 7504717 AB - Although healthy dentin is invariably hydrated in vivo, from a perspective of examining the mechanisms of fracture in dentin, it is interesting to consider the role of water hydration. Furthermore, it is feasible that exposure to certain polar solvents, e.g., those found in clinical adhesives, can induce dehydration. In the present study, in vitro deformation and fracture experiments, the latter involving a resistance-curve (R-curve) approach (i.e., toughness evolution with crack extension), were conducted in order to assess changes in the constitutive and fracture behavior induced by three common solvents-acetone, ethanol and methanol. In addition, nanoindentation-based experiments were performed to evaluate the deformation behavior at the level of individual collagen fibers and ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy to evaluate changes in bonding. The results indicate a reversible effect of chemical dehydration, with increased fracture resistance, strength, and stiffness associated with lower hydrogen bonding ability of the solvent. These results are analyzed both in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic toughening phenomena to further understand the micromechanisms of fracture in dentin and the specific role of water hydration. JF - Acta Biomaterialia AU - Nalla, R K AU - Balooch, M AU - Ager III, J W AU - Kruzic, J J AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, R O AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, roritchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 31 EP - 43 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 1742-7061, 1742-7061 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Dentin KW - Fracture toughness KW - R-curve KW - Dehydration KW - Hydrogen bonding KW - Hydration KW - Methanol KW - Solvents KW - Fractures KW - Collagen KW - Fibers KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - U.V. radiation KW - Adhesives KW - Ethanol KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19728941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Biomaterialia&rft.atitle=Effects+of+polar+solvents+on+the+fracture+resistance+of+dentin%3A+role+of+water+hydration&rft.au=Nalla%2C+R+K%3BBalooch%2C+M%3BAger+III%2C+J+W%3BKruzic%2C+J+J%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+R+O&rft.aulast=Nalla&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Biomaterialia&rft.issn=17427061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.actbio.2004.08.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydration; Dentin; Methanol; Fractures; Solvents; Collagen; Raman spectroscopy; Fibers; U.V. radiation; Hydrogen bonding; Adhesives; Dehydration; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2004.08.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ybiv from Escherichia coli K12 is a HAD phosphatase AN - 19286999; 6153059 AB - The protein YbiV from Escherichia coli K12 MG1655 is a hypothetical protein with sequence homology to the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily of proteins. Although numerous members of this family have been identified, the functions of few are known. Using the crystal structure, sequence analysis, and biochemical assays, we have characterized YbiV as a HAD phosphatase. The crystal structure of YbiV reveals a two-domain protein, one with the characteristic HAD hydrolase fold, the other an inserted alpha / beta fold. In an effort to understand the mechanism, we also solved and report the structures of YbiV in complex with beryllofluoride (BeF sub(3) super(-)) and aluminum trifluoride (AlF sub(3)), which have been shown to mimic the phosphorylated intermediate and transition state for hydrolysis, respectively, in analogy to other HAD phosphatases. Analysis of the structures reveals the substrate-binding cavity, which is hydrophilic in nature. Both structure and sequence homology indicate YbiV may be a sugar phosphatase, which is supported by biochemical assays that measured the release of free phosphate on a number of sugar-like substrates. We also investigated available genomic and functional data in an effort to determine the physiological substrate. Proteins 2005. JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Bioinformatics AU - Roberts, Anne AU - Lee, Seok-Yong AU - McCullagh, Emma AU - Silversmith, Ruth E AU - Wemmer, David E AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, DEwemmer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 790 EP - 801 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 58 IS - 4 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - phosphatase KW - YbiV KW - phosphoaspartate intermediate KW - HAD superfamily KW - Sugar KW - Data processing KW - Hydrolysis KW - hydrolase KW - Protein structure KW - Homology KW - Phosphate KW - Aluminum KW - Escherichia coli KW - Crystal structure KW - Bioinformatics KW - genomics KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19286999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Ybiv+from+Escherichia+coli+K12+is+a+HAD+phosphatase&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Anne%3BLee%2C+Seok-Yong%3BMcCullagh%2C+Emma%3BSilversmith%2C+Ruth+E%3BWemmer%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=790&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.20267 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein structure; hydrolase; Sugar; Data processing; Phosphate; Homology; Aluminum; Crystal structure; genomics; Bioinformatics; Hydrolysis; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.20267 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nodal quasiparticle in pseudogapped colossal magnetoresistive manganites AN - 1844921521; 2016-099843 AB - La (sub 1.2) Sr (sub 1.8) Mn (sub 2) O (sub 7) is a proto-typical bilayer manganite that possesses the colossal magnetoresistance effect (CMR)- the extremely large drop in resistivity induced by the application of a magnetic field near the Curie T. The CMR exploits a metal-insulator transition between a low-T ferromagnetic-metallic ground state and a high-T paramagnetic-insulating phase. The nature of the ferromagnetic-metallic ground state in this manganite remains controversial, and the results are presented here to resolve this problem by showing that its electronic structure is very similar to the pseudogap phase with a nodal-antinodal dichotomous character of the copper oxide high-T superconductors. The results question the assumption that the pseudogap state in the copper oxides and nodal-antinodal dichotomy are signatures of the superconductivity state. JF - Nature (London) AU - Mannella, N AU - Yang, W L AU - Zhou, X J AU - Zheng, H AU - Mitchell, J F AU - Zaanen, J AU - Deveraux, T P AU - Nagaosa, N AU - Hussain, Z AU - Shen, Z X Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 474 EP - 478 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 438 IS - 7067 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - electrical conductivity KW - copper oxides KW - oxides KW - superconductivity KW - synthetic materials KW - manganite KW - magnetic properties KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844921521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Nodal+quasiparticle+in+pseudogapped+colossal+magnetoresistive+manganites&rft.au=Dai%2C+Z+R%3BBradley%2C+J+P%3BErni%2C+R%3BBrowning%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - copper oxides; electrical conductivity; magnetic properties; manganite; oxides; superconductivity; synthetic materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04273 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic aspects of fracture and R-curve behavior in human cortical bone AN - 17883004; 5938409 AB - An understanding of the evolution of toughness is essential for the mechanistic interpretation of the fracture of cortical bone. In the present study, in vitro fracture experiments were conducted on human cortical bone in order to identify and quantitatively assess the salient toughening mechanisms. The fracture toughness was found to rise linearly with crack extension (i.e. rising resistance- or R-curve behavior) with a mean crack-initiation toughness, K sub(0) of ~2 MPa[square root = radical sign]m for crack growth in the proximal-distal direction. Uncracked ligament bridging, which was observed in the wake of the crack, was identified as the dominant toughening mechanism responsible for the observed R-curve behavior. The extent and nature of the bridging zone was examined quantitatively using multi-cutting compliance experiments in order to assess the bridging zone length and estimate the bridging stress distribution. Additionally, time-dependent cracking behavior was observed at stress intensities well below those required for overload fracture; specifically, slow crack growth occurred at growth rates of ~2x10 super(-9) m/s at stress intensities ~35% below the crack-initiation toughness. In an attempt to measure slower growth rates, it was found that the behavior switched to a regime dominated by time-dependent crack blunting, similar to that reported for dentin; however, such blunting was apparent over much slower time scales in bone, which permitted subcritical crack growth to readily take place at higher stress intensities. JF - Biomaterials AU - Nalla, R K AU - Kruzic, J J AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, roritchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 217 EP - 231 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - Dentin KW - Ligaments KW - Mathematical models KW - Bone growth KW - Fractures KW - Stress KW - Bone (cortical) KW - Biomaterials KW - Radicals KW - T 20009:Bone grafts, implants, and biomaterials KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17883004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+aspects+of+fracture+and+R-curve+behavior+in+human+cortical+bone&rft.au=Nalla%2C+R+K%3BKruzic%2C+J+J%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Nalla&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2004.02.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fractures; Stress; Bone (cortical); Growth rate; Radicals; Ligaments; Bone growth; Dentin; Biomaterials; Mathematical models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.02.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal structure of the conserved hypothetical protein MPN330 (GI: 1674200) from Mycoplasma pneumoniae AN - 17855918; 6114816 AB - No abstract. JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Bioinformatics AU - Das, Debanu AU - Oganesyan, Natasha AU - Yokota, Hisao AU - Pufan, Ramona AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Kim, Sung-Hou AD - Berkeley Structural Genomics Center, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 504 EP - 508 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 58 IS - 2 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Protein structure KW - Crystal structure KW - Bioinformatics KW - Mycoplasma pneumoniae KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17855918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Crystal+structure+of+the+conserved+hypothetical+protein+MPN330+%28GI%3A+1674200%29+from+Mycoplasma+pneumoniae&rft.au=Das%2C+Debanu%3BOganesyan%2C+Natasha%3BYokota%2C+Hisao%3BPufan%2C+Ramona%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BKim%2C+Sung-Hou&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=Debanu&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=504&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.20316 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Protein structure; Bioinformatics; Crystal structure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.20316 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Buckingham, 1907 -- An Appreciation AN - 17663429; 6495494 AB - Nearly a century ago, Edgar Buckingham published a seminal work on the movement of soil moisture that is part of the foundation of modern soil physics. It also constitutes a pioneering contribution in the study of multiphase flow in porous media. A physicist, Buckingham took on an earth science issue of importance to society and produced superb basic science as a byproduct. Buckingham impresses us with his ability to combine experiment and theory and his capacity to intuitively explain difficult ideas to a wide audience. Science progresses both by gradual accretion of knowledge and by sudden influx of ideas. Buckingham's contribution belongs in the latter category. After a brief, four- year rendezvous with soil science, he went on to pursue a long and distinguished career in physics with the National Bureau of Standards. This paper is an appreciation of Buckingham's contribution on soil moisture in the context of contemporary developments in diffusion theory and the rapid growth of science in America at the turn of the 20th century. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Narasimhan, T N AD - Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Bldg., Berkeley, CA 94526-1760, tnnarasimhan@LBL.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 434 EP - 441 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 4 IS - 2 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17663429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Frio+Brine+Pilot%3B+field+validation+of+numerical+simulation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage&rft.au=Hovorka%2C+Susan+D%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BSakurai%2C+Shinichi%3BHoltz%2C+Mark%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hovorka&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=A63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2004.0126 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Many accurate small-discriminatory feature subsets exist in microarray transcript data: biomarker discovery AN - 17531680; 6234434 AB - Background: Molecular profiling generates abundance measurements for thousands of gene transcripts in biological samples such as normal and tumor tissues (data points). Given such two-class high-dimensional data, many methods have been proposed for classifying data points into one of the two classes. However, finding very small sets of features able to correctly classify the data is problematic as the fundamental mathematical proposition is hard. Existing methods can find "small" feature sets, but give no hint how close this is to the true minimum size. Without fundamental mathematical advances, finding true minimum-size sets will remain elusive, and more importantly for the microarray community there will be no methods for finding them. Results: We use the brute force approach of exhaustive search through all genes, gene pairs (and for some data sets gene triples). Each unique gene combination is analyzed with a few- parameter linear-hyperplane classification method looking for those combinations that form training error-free classifiers. All 10 published data sets studied are found to contain predictive small feature sets. Four contain thousands of gene pairs and 6 have single genes that perfectly discriminate. Conclusions: This technique discovered small sets of genes (3 or less) in published data that form accurate classifiers, yet were not reported in the prior publications. This could be a common characteristic of microarray data, thus making looking for them worth the computational cost. Such small gene sets could indicate biomarkers and portend simple medical diagnostic tests. We recommend checking for small gene sets routinely. We find 4 gene pairs and many gene triples in the large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, Liver cancer) data set of Chen et al. The key component of these is the "placental gene of unknown function", PLAC8. Our HMM modeling indicates PLAC8 might have a domain like part of lP59's crystal structure (a Non-Covalent Endonuclease lii-Dna Complex). The previously identified HCC biomarker gene, glypican 3 (GPC3), is part of an accurate gene triple involving MT1E and ARHE. We also find small gene sets that distinguish leukemia subtypes in the large pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia cancer set of Yeoh et al. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Grate, Leslie R AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720 USA, lesliegrate@comcast.net Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 6 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Liver cancer KW - Transcription KW - Computer applications KW - biomarkers KW - DNA microarrays KW - Acute lymphatic leukemia KW - Crystal structure KW - Bioinformatics KW - Endonuclease KW - set gene KW - Heparan sulfate proteoglycans KW - Hepatocellular carcinoma KW - W4 140:Bioinformatics & Computers in Health & Medicine KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17531680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Many+accurate+small-discriminatory+feature+subsets+exist+in+microarray+transcript+data%3A+biomarker+discovery&rft.au=Grate%2C+Leslie+R&rft.aulast=Grate&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-97 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA microarrays; biomarkers; Transcription; Bioinformatics; Crystal structure; set gene; Endonuclease; Acute lymphatic leukemia; Liver cancer; Computer applications; Heparan sulfate proteoglycans; Hepatocellular carcinoma DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-97 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative mapping of sequence-based and structure-based protein domains AN - 17528671; 6234412 AB - Background: Protein domains have long been an ill-defined concept in biology. They are generally described as autonomous folding units with evolutionary and functional independence. Both structure-based and sequence- based domain definitions have been widely used. But whether these types of models alone can capture all essential features of domains is still an open question. Methods: Here we provide insight on domain definitions through comparative mapping of two domain classification databases, one sequence-based (Pfam) and the other structure-based (SCOP). A mapping score is defined to indicate the significance of the mapping, and the properties of the mapping matrices are studied. Results: The mapping results show a general agreement between the two databases, as well as many interesting areas of disagreement. In the cases of disagreement, the functional and evolutionary characteristics of the domains are examined to determine which domain definition is biologically more informative. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Zhang, Ya AU - Chandonia, John-Marc AU - Ding, Chris AU - Holbrook, Stephen R AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, yzz100@psu.edu Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 6 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Protein structure KW - Databases KW - Mathematical models KW - Peptide mapping KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17528671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Comparative+mapping+of+sequence-based+and+structure-based+protein+domains&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Ya%3BChandonia%2C+John-Marc%3BDing%2C+Chris%3BHolbrook%2C+Stephen+R&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Ya&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-77 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Peptide mapping; Mathematical models; Bioinformatics; Protein structure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-77 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GATA: a graphic alignment tool for comparative sequence analysis AN - 17527725; 6234426 AB - Background: Several problems exist with current methods used to align DNA sequences for comparative sequence analysis. Most dynamic programming algorithms assume that conserved sequence elements are collinear. This assumption appears valid when comparing orthologous protein coding sequences. Functional constraints on proteins provide strong selective pressure against sequence inversions, and minimize sequence duplications and feature shuffling. For non- coding sequences this collinearity assumption is often invalid. For example, enhancers contain clusters of transcription factor binding sites that change in number, orientation, and spacing during evolution yet the enhancer retains its activity. Dot plot analysis is often used to estimate non-coding sequence relatedness. Yet dot plots do not actually align sequences and thus cannot account well for base insertions or deletions. Moreover, they lack an adequate statistical framework for comparing sequence relatedness and are limited to pairwise comparisons. Lastly, dot plots and dynamic programming text outputs fail to provide an intuitive means for visualizing DNA alignments. Results: To address some of these issues, we created a stand alone, platform independent, graphic alignment tool for comparative sequence analysis (GATA http://gata.sourceforge.net/). GATA uses the NCBI-BLASTN program and extensive post-processing to identify all small sub-alignments above a low cut-off score. These are graphed as two shaded boxes, one for each sequence, connected by a line using the coordinate system of their parent sequence. Shading and colour are used to indicate score and orientation. A variety of options exist for querying, modifying and retrieving conserved sequence elements. Extensive gene annotation can be added to both sequences using a standardized General Feature Format (GFF) file. Conclusions: GATA uses the NCBI-BLASTN program in conjunction with post-processing to exhaustively align two DNA sequences. It provides researchers with a fine-grained alignment and visualization tool aptly suited for non-coding, 0-200 kb, pairwise, sequence analysis. It functions independent of sequence feature ordering or orientation, and readily visualizes both large and small sequence inversions, duplications, and segment shuffling. Since the alignment is visual and does not contain gaps, gene annotation can be added to both sequences to create a thoroughly descriptive picture of DNA conservation that is well suited for comparative sequence analysis. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Nix, David A AU - Eisen, Michael B AD - Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, danix@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 6 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Gene deletion KW - Deletion KW - Inversion KW - Transcription factors KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Algorithms KW - Statistical analysis KW - Conserved sequence KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17527725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=GATA%3A+a+graphic+alignment+tool+for+comparative+sequence+analysis&rft.au=Nix%2C+David+A%3BEisen%2C+Michael+B&rft.aulast=Nix&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2004.02.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nucleotide sequence; Conserved sequence; Inversion; Statistical analysis; Deletion; Bioinformatics; Transcription factors; Algorithms; Gene deletion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pedology -- A Hydrogeological Perspective AN - 17427422; 6536919 AB - In a finite earth with concerns about sustainable use of natural resources, earth science disciplines are moving toward appreciating their respective roles in understanding the interlinked functioning of hydrological, erosional, and nutritional cycles. This move provides motivation for exploring the connections between hydrogeology and pedology as components of a larger whole. As pointed out by Jenny (1941) in his concluding chapter, soils can be studied through mapping their spatial distribution (Marbut's geographical method), and through comprehending soil attributes as functions of soil-forming factors (Jenny's functional method). As Jenny further recognized, the conversion of the functional "knowledge to specific field conditions is impossible unless the areal distribution of soil formers is known." Ultimately, therefore, the vision of pedology is "the union of the geographical and the functional method," to comprehend "the soil body in its natural position," and to understand spatial distribution of soil assemblages. Hydrogeology is concerned with the physical and chemical modification of the materials of the earth's crust by water, and the transport of energy, suspended and dissolved constituents and nutrients from the time water enters the subsurface to the time it goes back to the atmosphere. Hydrogeology thus provides a rationale, through the unifying action of flowing water, to achieve an integration of the geographical and the functional methods envisioned by Hans Jenny. This paper examines the conceptual- philosophical threads that connect pedology and hydrogeology. In the process, the role of soil geomorphology is also addressed. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Narasimhan, T N AD - Dep. of Materials Science and Engineering, Dep. of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Bldg., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94526-1760, tnnarasimhan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 891 EP - 898 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 4 IS - 4 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Nutrients KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Atmosphere KW - spatial distribution KW - Natural Resources KW - Geomorphology KW - Vision KW - earth sciences KW - Mapping KW - sustainable use KW - Motivation KW - Natural resources KW - Geohydrology KW - geomorphology KW - earth crust KW - soil KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17427422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Pedology+--+A+Hydrogeological+Perspective&rft.au=Narasimhan%2C+T+N&rft.aulast=Narasimhan&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2004.0182 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sustainable use; spatial distribution; Vision; Natural resources; earth sciences; Mapping; geomorphology; Atmosphere; earth crust; soil; Natural Resources; Geomorphology; Motivation; Geohydrology; Nutrients; Spatial Distribution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2004.0182 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural and functional characterization of a 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase from Mycoplasma pneumoniae (GI: 13508087) AN - 17375408; 6463452 AB - Mycoplasma pneumoniae 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase [MTHFS; also known as 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cycloligase; Enzyme Commission (EC) 6.3.3.2] belongs to a large cycloligase protein family with 97 sequence homologues from bacteria to human. To help define the molecular (biochemical and biophysical) function of the M. pneumoniae MTHFS, we have previously determined its crystal structure at 2.2 Aa resolution (Chen et al. Proteins 2004; 56:839-843). In this current study, activity assays confirmed the functionality of the recombinant protein, with K sub(m) = 165 mu M for 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-FTHF) and K sub(m) = 166 mu M for MgATP. The methenyltetrahydrofolate activity of M. pneumoniae MTHFS has a requirement for divalent metal ions with Mg super(2+) being most effective, and an absolute requirement for nucleoside 5'-triphosphates with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) being most effective. Crystallization in the presence of substrates (MgATP, with or without 5-FTHF) produced the complex structures of the protein with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphate at 2.2 Aa resolution; with ADP, phosphate, and 5-FTHF at 2.5 Aa resolution. These structures directly demonstrated that the role of Mg super(2+) in the reaction is to form the ATP-Mg super(2+)-enzyme complex. Proteins 2005. JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Bioinformatics AU - Chen, Shengfeng AU - Yakunin, Alexander F AU - Proudfoot, Michael AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Kim, Sung-Hou AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, shkim@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 433 EP - 443 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Methenyltetrahydrofolate synthase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase KW - 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cycloligase KW - ADP-Mg complex KW - 5-formyltetrahydrofolate complex KW - EC 6.3.3.2 KW - Crystallization KW - Metals KW - Ions KW - ATP KW - Enzymes KW - Mycoplasma pneumoniae KW - Phosphate KW - nucleosides KW - Crystal structure KW - Bioinformatics KW - Magnesium KW - Adenosine KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17375408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Structural+and+functional+characterization+of+a+5%2C10-methenyltetrahydrofolate+synthetase+from+Mycoplasma+pneumoniae+%28GI%3A+13508087%29&rft.au=Chen%2C+Shengfeng%3BYakunin%2C+Alexander+F%3BProudfoot%2C+Michael%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BKim%2C+Sung-Hou&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Shengfeng&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.20591 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crystallization; Ions; Metals; Phosphate; nucleosides; Crystal structure; Enzymes; ATP; Bioinformatics; Magnesium; Adenosine; Mycoplasma pneumoniae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.20591 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aspects of in vitro fatigue in human cortical bone: time and cycle dependent crack growth AN - 17246068; 6967080 AB - Although fatigue damage in bone induced by cyclic loading has been recognized as a problem of clinical significance, few fracture mechanics based studies have investigated how incipient cracks grow by fatigue in this material. In the present study, in vitro cyclic fatigue experiments were performed in order to quantify fatigue-crack growth behavior in human cortical bone. Crack- growth rates spanning five orders of magnitude were obtained for the extension of macroscopic cracks in the proximal-distal direction; growth-rate data could be well characterized by the linear-elastic stress-intensity range, using a simple (Paris) power law with exponents ranging from 4.4 to 9.5. Mechanistically, to discern whether such behavior results from "true" cyclic fatigue damage or is simply associated with a succession of quasi-static fracture events, cyclic crack-growth rates were compared to those measured under sustained (non-cyclic) loading. Measured fatigue-crack growth rates were found to exceed those "predicted" from the sustained load data at low growth rates (3x10 super(-10) to 5x10 super(-7) m/cycle), suggesting that a "true" cyclic fatigue mechanism, such as alternating blunting and re-sharpening of the crack tip, is active in bone. Conversely, at higher growth rates (5x10 super(-7) to 3x10 super(-5) m/cycle), the crack-growth data under sustained loads integrated over the loading cycle reasonably predicts the cyclic fatigue data, indicating that quasi-static fracture mechanisms predominate. The results are discussed in light of the occurrence of fatigue-related stress fractures in cortical bone. JF - Biomaterials AU - Nalla, R K AU - Kruzic, J J AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, RORitchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 2183 EP - 2195 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 26 IS - 14 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cortical bone KW - Fatigue KW - Fracture KW - Life prediction KW - Growth rate KW - Loading KW - Bone (cortical) KW - Fractures KW - Bone growth KW - Biomaterials KW - Stress KW - Succession KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering KW - T 2025:Bone and Bone Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17246068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Aspects+of+in+vitro+fatigue+in+human+cortical+bone%3A+time+and+cycle+dependent+crack+growth&rft.au=Nalla%2C+R+K%3BKruzic%2C+J+J%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Nalla&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=2183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2004.05.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Fatigue; Loading; Bone (cortical); Biomaterials; Bone growth; Fractures; Stress; Succession DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.05.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic aspects of in vitro fatigue-crack growth in dentin AN - 17238129; 6967030 AB - Although the propagation of fatigue cracks has been recognized as a problem of clinical significance in dentin, there have been few fracture mechanics-based studies that have investigated this issue. In the present study, in vitro cyclic fatigue experiments were conducted over a range of cyclic frequencies (1-50 Hz) on elephant dentin in order to quantify fatigue-crack growth behavior from the perspective of understanding the mechanism of fatigue in dentin. Specifically, results obtained for crack extension rates along a direction parallel to the dentinal tubules were found to be well described by the stress-intensity range, Delta K, using a simple Paris power-law approach with exponents ranging from 12 to 32. Furthermore, a frequency dependence was observed for the crack-growth rates, with higher growth rates associated with lower frequencies. By using crack-growth experiments involving alternate cyclic and static loading, such fatigue-crack propagation was mechanistically determined to be the result of a "true" cyclic fatigue mechanism, and not simply a succession of static fracture events. Furthermore, based on the observed frequency dependence of fatigue-crack growth in dentin and observations of time-dependent crack blunting, a cyclic fatigue mechanism involving crack-tip blunting and re-sharpening is proposed. These results are deemed to be of importance for an improved understanding of fatigue-related failures in teeth. JF - Biomaterials AU - Kruzic, J J AU - Nalla, R K AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 381 Hearst Mining Building, Berkeley CA 94720, USA, roritchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1195 EP - 1204 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 26 IS - 10 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Dentin KW - Fatigue KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Crack propagation KW - Teeth KW - Growth rate KW - Fractures KW - Biomaterials KW - Succession KW - Frequency dependence KW - Tubules KW - T 2045:Teeth KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17238129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+aspects+of+in+vitro+fatigue-crack+growth+in+dentin&rft.au=Kruzic%2C+J+J%3BNalla%2C+R+K%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Kruzic&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2004.04.051 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Teeth; Dentin; Fatigue; Biomaterials; Fractures; Succession; Frequency dependence; Tubules DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.04.051 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NMR structure of hypothetical protein MG354 from Mycoplasma genitalium AN - 17090816; 6723873 JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Bioinformatics AU - Pelton, Jeffrey G AU - Shi, Jianxia AU - Yokota, Hisao AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Wemmer, David E AD - Berkeley Structural Genomics Center, Physical Biosciences Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, dewemmer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 666 EP - 668 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 61 IS - 3 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Protein structure KW - Mycoplasma genitalium KW - N.M.R. KW - Bioinformatics KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17090816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=NMR+structure+of+hypothetical+protein+MG354+from+Mycoplasma+genitalium&rft.au=Pelton%2C+Jeffrey+G%3BShi%2C+Jianxia%3BYokota%2C+Hisao%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BWemmer%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Pelton&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=666&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.20495 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycoplasma genitalium; Protein structure; N.M.R.; Bioinformatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.20495 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Do indoor pollutants and thermal conditions in schools influence student performance? A critical review of the literature AN - 16200348; 6460282 AB - To assess whether school environments can adversely affect academic performance, we review scientific evidence relating indoor pollutants and thermal conditions, in schools or other indoor environments, to human performance or attendance. We critically review evidence for direct associations between these aspects of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and performance or attendance. Secondarily, we summarize, without critique, evidence on indirect connections potentially linking IEQ to performance or attendance. Regarding direct associations, little strongly designed research was available. Persuasive evidence links higher indoor concentrations of NO sub(2) to reduced school attendance, and suggestive evidence links low ventilation rates to reduced performance. Regarding indirect associations, many studies link indoor dampness and microbiologic pollutants (primarily in homes) to asthma exacerbations and respiratory infections, which in turn have been related to reduced performance and attendance. Also, much evidence links poor IEQ (e.g. low ventilation rate, excess moisture, or formaldehyde) with adverse health effects in children and adults and documents dampness problems and inadequate ventilation as common in schools. Overall, evidence suggests that poor IEQ in schools is common and adversely influences the performance and attendance of students, primarily through health effects from indoor pollutants. Evidence is available to justify (i) immediate actions to assess and improve IEQ in schools and (ii) focused research to guide IEQ improvements in schools. JF - Indoor Air AU - Mendell, MJ AU - Heath, G A AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Indoor Environment Department, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mjmendell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 27 EP - 52 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - schools KW - Ventilation KW - Reviews KW - Pollution effects KW - Formaldehyde KW - Asthma KW - Air quality KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Indoor environments KW - Children KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16200348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Do+indoor+pollutants+and+thermal+conditions+in+schools+influence+student+performance%3F+A+critical+review+of+the+literature&rft.au=Mendell%2C+MJ%3BHeath%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Mendell&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0668.2004.00320.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ventilation; schools; Reviews; Asthma; Formaldehyde; Pollution effects; Air quality; Respiratory diseases; Children; Indoor environments DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00320.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vapor-phase transport in the near-drift environment at Yucca Mountain AN - 16189469; 6133716 AB - A key issue regarding the performance of the potential high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, is the likelihood of precipitation percolating a vertical distance of similar to 300 m through fractured unsaturated rock into drifts containing waste packages. Water enhances waste package corrosion and is required for transport of released radionuclides. To evaluate the propensity for seepage into tunnels at Yucca Mountain, a 5-m-diameter, 2.7-km-long tunnel, commonly referred to as the Cross Drift (CD), was excavated in 1998, branching off from the main Exploratory Studies Facility tunnel. Sections of this tunnel have been isolated from ventilation for extended periods over the last 4 years. We present continuous measurements of relative humidity and temperature and periodic observations of liquid water in the CD over two periods. During this observation duration the terminal section of the drift was partitioned into four sections by bulkheads, and ventilation to these sections was minimized to a few days. We compare these observations to results from analytical and numerical models to investigate processes associated with the movement of water vapor between the tunnel bore and the surrounding fractured rock formation. Observations from this effort indicate that fractures can be primary paths for unsaturated zone vapor flow in the immediate vicinity of emplacement drifts. Observations, measurements, and analysis indicate the need for a model that includes fracture-dominated vapor transport as a significant contributor to total water flow into the drifts. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. W01012 KW - fractured rock KW - unsaturated zone KW - vapor flow KW - 1875 Hydrology: Vadose zone KW - 1829 Hydrology: Groundwater hydrology KW - 1832 Hydrology: Groundwater transport KW - 1899 Hydrology: General or miscellaneous. KW - Relative humidity KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Waste Management KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Waste Dumps KW - Waste management KW - Radioactive waste disposal underground KW - Vapors KW - Numerical models KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Rainfall runoff KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Precipitation KW - Tunnels KW - Model Studies KW - Bore KW - Radioactive Waste Disposal KW - Corrosion KW - Water resources research KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16189469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Vapor-phase+transport+in+the+near-drift+environment+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Salve%2C+Rohit%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=Rohit&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004WR003373 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Radioactive waste disposal underground; Numerical models; Rainfall runoff; Corrosion; Precipitation; Water resources research; Bore; Vapors; Waste disposal sites; Temperature; Radioactive wastes; Humidity; Tunnels; Waste management; Waste Management; Radioactive Waste Disposal; Path of Pollutants; Waste Dumps; Model Studies; USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003373 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tube wave effects in cross-well seismic data at Stratton Field AN - 1429845346; 2013-069778 AB - The analysis of crosswell seismic data for a gas reservoir in Texas revealed two newly detected seismic wave effects, recorded 2000 feet above the reservoir. The first is that the dominant late phases on the records are the tube waves generated in the source well and later converted into laterally propagating waves through the reservoir in gas/water saturated layers, which convert back to tube-waves in the receiver well. The tube-wave train showed good correlation with multilayered reservoir zone structure, suggesting that the recorded wave field has strong dependence on the reservoir parameters. The second effect is that the recorded field is composed of multiple low-velocity tube-waves. The modeling results suggest that imperfect cementation is the likely cause of this phenomenon. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Korneev, Valeri AU - Parra, Jorge AU - Bakulin, Andrey AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 336 EP - 339 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - velocity analysis KW - petroleum exploration KW - seismic stratigraphy KW - geophysical surveys KW - offshore KW - natural gas KW - data acquisition KW - well-logging KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - reservoir rocks KW - surface waves KW - sedimentary rocks KW - stratigraphic units KW - propagation KW - North America KW - guided waves KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - Stratton Field KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - wave fields KW - seismic methods KW - noise KW - models KW - lithofacies KW - Stoneley waves KW - saturation KW - traveltime KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - seismic waves KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429845346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Tube+wave+effects+in+cross-well+seismic+data+at+Stratton+Field&rft.au=Korneev%2C+Valeri%3BParra%2C+Jorge%3BBakulin%2C+Andrey%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=Valeri&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-77 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; crosshole methods; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; guided waves; Gulf Coastal Plain; Gulf of Mexico; lithofacies; models; natural gas; noise; North America; North Atlantic; offshore; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum exploration; propagation; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saturation; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; seismic stratigraphy; seismic waves; Stoneley waves; stratigraphic units; Stratton Field; surface waves; surveys; traveltime; velocity analysis; wave fields; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2144336 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tube waves in producing wells with tubing and casing AN - 1429844675; 2013-069779 AB - Tube waves in producing oil and gas wells are useful for locating fluid interfaces, estimating bottom-hole pressures (Rowlan et al., 2003), investigation of properties of fluids inside the boreholes as well as that of surrounding formations. We consider tube-wave propagation in different models of oil and gas producers using numerical finite-difference modeling. Whenever possible, the results of the numerical modeling are also compared with analytical solutions. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Ziatdinov, Serge AU - Bakulin, Andrey AU - Kashtan, Boris AU - Golovnina, Svetlana AU - Korneev, Valeri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 340 EP - 343 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - guided waves KW - natural gas KW - finite difference analysis KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - elastic waves KW - properties KW - production KW - seismic methods KW - noise KW - oil wells KW - surface waves KW - Stoneley waves KW - acoustical logging KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429844675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Tube+waves+in+producing+wells+with+tubing+and+casing&rft.au=Ziatdinov%2C+Serge%3BBakulin%2C+Andrey%3BKashtan%2C+Boris%3BGolovnina%2C+Svetlana%3BKorneev%2C+Valeri%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ziatdinov&rft.aufirst=Serge&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=340&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2144338 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical logging; elastic waves; finite difference analysis; fluid phase; geophysical methods; guided waves; natural gas; noise; numerical models; oil wells; petroleum; pressure; production; propagation; properties; seismic methods; seismic waves; Stoneley waves; surface waves; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2144338 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Representation of fractured rock masses as equivalent continua using a DFN-DEM approach AN - 1420519898; 2013-065839 JF - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics AU - Min, K B AU - Jing, L AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Tsang, C F AU - Stephansson, O Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 531 EP - 538 PB - [varies], [varies] VL - 11, VOL.2 KW - discrete element analysis KW - risk management KW - hydraulics KW - engineering properties KW - mechanical properties KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - fractures KW - safety KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1420519898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computer+Methods+and+Advances+in+Geomechanics&rft.atitle=Representation+of+fractured+rock+masses+as+equivalent+continua+using+a+DFN-DEM+approach&rft.au=Min%2C+K+B%3BJing%2C+L%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BTsang%2C+C+F%3BStephansson%2C+O&rft.aulast=Min&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=11%2C+VOL.2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computer+Methods+and+Advances+in+Geomechanics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Computer methods and advances in geomechanics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-15 N1 - CODEN - #03529 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - discrete element analysis; engineering properties; fractures; hydraulics; mechanical properties; radioactive waste; risk assessment; risk management; rock mechanics; safety; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 3D Fourier finite difference anisotropic depth migration AN - 1416691218; 2013-059777 AB - We present a 3D Fourier finite-difference depth migration (FFD) method for waves in transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI). The method can accommodate a wide range of anisotropy rather than weak anisotropy. The downward-continuation operator is split into three downward-continuation operators. This method can handle the strong lateral velocity variation. A complex treatment of the propagation operator is applied to mitigate inaccuracies and instabilities due to evanescent waves. Tests show that the method improves the image quality. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Zhang, Linbin AU - Hua, Biaolong AU - Calandra, Henri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1914 EP - 1917 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - seismic migration KW - depth KW - seismic methods KW - mitigation KW - Fourier analysis KW - mathematical methods KW - velocity KW - propagation KW - symmetry KW - seismic waves KW - anisotropy KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416691218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=3D+Fourier+finite+difference+anisotropic+depth+migration&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Linbin%3BHua%2C+Biaolong%3BCalandra%2C+Henri%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Linbin&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1914&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2148079 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; body waves; data processing; depth; elastic waves; finite difference analysis; Fourier analysis; geophysical methods; mathematical methods; mitigation; P-waves; propagation; seismic methods; seismic migration; seismic waves; symmetry; three-dimensional models; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2148079 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MRE-based Bayesian inversion of seismic and EM data for identification of reservoir parameters AN - 1416689175; 2013-058037 AB - A stochastic joint inversion approach for estimating reservoir fluid saturations and porosity is proposed. The approach couples seismic amplitude versus angle (AVA) and marine controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) forward models into a Bayesian formalism, which allows for integration between complementary information. To obtain minimally subjective prior probabilities required for the Bayesian approach, the principle of Minimum Relative Entropy (MRE) is employed. Instead of single-valued estimate provided by deterministic methods, the approach gives a probability distribution for any unknown parameter of interest, such as reservoir fluid saturations or porosity at different locations. The distributions means, modes, and confidence intervals can be calculated, providing a more complete understanding of the uncertainty in the parameter estimates. The approach is tested using two case studies: one is a synthetic case, and the other uses data from the North Sea Troll field. Results show that joint inversion using seismic and EM data gives better estimates of reservoir parameters than estimates from either geophysical data set used in isolation. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Rubin, Yoram AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Vasco, Don AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1437 EP - 1440 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - petroleum exploration KW - offshore KW - Bayesian analysis KW - natural gas KW - entropy KW - Archie's law KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - minimum relative entropy KW - controlled-source electromagnetic KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - electromagnetic methods KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - resistivity KW - porosity KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - saturation KW - marine methods KW - mathematical methods KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Troll Field KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416689175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=MRE-based+Bayesian+inversion+of+seismic+and+EM+data+for+identification+of+reservoir+parameters&rft.au=Hou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BRubin%2C+Yoram%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BVasco%2C+Don%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hou&rft.aufirst=Zhangshuan&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2147959 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Archie's law; Atlantic Ocean; Bayesian analysis; controlled-source electromagnetic; data processing; electromagnetic methods; entropy; geophysical methods; inverse problem; marine methods; mathematical methods; minimum relative entropy; models; natural gas; North Atlantic; North Sea; offshore; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum exploration; porosity; reservoir rocks; resistivity; saturation; seismic methods; statistical analysis; Troll Field DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2147959 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of marine CSEM and seismic AVA data for reservoir parameter estimation AN - 1416686554; 2013-057817 AB - Reservoir fluid saturations and porosity are estimated using a two-stage process consisting of an uncoupled geophysical inversion of marine seismic amplitude versus angle (AVA) and controlled source electromagnetic data, followed by a Bayesian inversion, using the geophysical parameters derived in the first stage and a rock-physics model to estimate reservoir parameters. The two-stage process has the advantage that it can be done using existing industry software, with only the addition of the electromagnetic inversions to estimate electrical conductivity. The estimated water saturation and porosity compare well to both log data and those derived from a formal joint inversion of marine AVA and electromagnetic data. However, the two-stage estimates of oil and gas saturation do not compare favorably to those obtained using a formal joint inversion of both data sets simultaneously. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Gasperikova, Erika AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 579 EP - 582 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - petroleum exploration KW - AVO methods KW - offshore KW - Bayesian analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - inverse problem KW - controlled-source electromagnetic KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - physical properties KW - sedimentary rocks KW - marine methods KW - mathematical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - reservoir properties KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Troll Field KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416686554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Integration+of+marine+CSEM+and+seismic+AVA+data+for+reservoir+parameter+estimation&rft.au=Hoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BGasperikova%2C+Erika%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hoversten&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemistry%2C+Geophysics%2C+Geosystems+-+G3&rft.issn=1525-2027&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GC000779 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; AVO methods; Bayesian analysis; controlled-source electromagnetic; data processing; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; inverse problem; marine methods; mathematical methods; models; North Atlantic; North Sea; offshore; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum exploration; physical properties; reservoir properties; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; statistical analysis; Troll Field DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2144387 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating reservoir parameters from seismic and electromagnetic data using stochastic rock physics models and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods AN - 1416685134; 2013-057807 AB - A Bayesian model is developed to estimate porosity, fluid saturation, and pore pressure in reservoirs using seismic and electromagnetic (EM) data. Within the Bayesian framework, unknown reservoir parameters at each pixel in space are considered as random variables and the co-located geophysical properties (seismic P- and S-wave velocity, density, and electrical conductivity), inverted from seismic and EM measurements, are considered as data. Rock-physics models are derived from borehole logs and are considered as random functions between the reservoir parameters and the geophysical properties. Using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, many samples of each unknown variable are obtained from the Bayesian model, which subsequently are used to infer the unknown variable (reservoir parameter) as well as its uncertainty. A study, based on borehole data from a site in the Troll field, shows that the developed method is more effective for reservoir parameter estimation than traditional regression methods. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 542 EP - 545 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - petroleum exploration KW - P-waves KW - electrical conductivity KW - geophysical surveys KW - density KW - offshore KW - Bayesian analysis KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - stochastic processes KW - electromagnetic methods KW - body waves KW - AVO methods KW - well logs KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - equations KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - lithofacies KW - physical properties KW - mathematical methods KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - seismic waves KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Troll Field KW - S-waves KW - regression analysis KW - Markov chain analysis KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416685134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Estimating+reservoir+parameters+from+seismic+and+electromagnetic+data+using+stochastic+rock+physics+models+and+Markov+chain+Monte+Carlo+methods&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=542&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2144376 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; AVO methods; Bayesian analysis; body waves; data processing; density; elastic waves; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic methods; equations; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; lithofacies; Markov chain analysis; mathematical methods; models; Monte Carlo analysis; North Atlantic; North Sea; offshore; oil and gas fields; P-waves; petroleum; petroleum exploration; physical properties; regression analysis; reservoir properties; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; surveys; Troll Field; well logs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2144376 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acquisition of time-lapse, 6-component, P- and S-wave, crosswell seismic survey with orbital vibrator and of time-lapse VSP for CO (sub 2) injection monitoring AN - 1416685125; 2013-057996 AB - Using an orbital vibrator source (2-components), and a 40 level 3-component geophone string, a 6-component crosswell survey was acquired before and after a CO2 injection in a saline aquifer. Decomposition of the two source components and component rotation of both source and sensors created good separation of P- and S-wave energy allowing independent analysis of travel time and reflectivity. A time-lapse VSP was also acquired. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Daley, T M AU - Myer, L R AU - Majer, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1277 EP - 1279 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - offshore KW - data acquisition KW - well-logging KW - data processing KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - sedimentary rocks KW - time-lapse methods KW - saline composition KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - carbon sequestration KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - Frio Formation KW - Texas KW - Paleogene KW - seismic methods KW - aquifers KW - gas injection KW - Tertiary KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - components KW - North Atlantic KW - clastic rocks KW - S-waves KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Oligocene KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416685125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Acquisition+of+time-lapse%2C+6-component%2C+P-+and+S-wave%2C+crosswell+seismic+survey+with+orbital+vibrator+and+of+time-lapse+VSP+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+monitoring&rft.au=Daley%2C+T+M%3BMyer%2C+L+R%3BMajer%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2147918 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Ocean; body waves; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Cenozoic; clastic rocks; components; crosshole methods; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; Frio Formation; gas injection; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; Gulf of Mexico; North Atlantic; offshore; Oligocene; P-waves; Paleogene; petroleum; S-waves; saline composition; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; Tertiary; Texas; time-lapse methods; United States; vertical seismic profiles; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2147918 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late effects from hadron therapy. AN - 67285253; 15971329 AB - Successful cancer patient survival and local tumor control from hadron radiotherapy warrant a discussion of potential secondary late effects from the radiation. The study of late-appearing clinical effects from particle beams of protons, carbon, or heavier ions is a relatively new field with few data. However, new clinical information is available from pioneer hadron radiotherapy programs in the USA, Japan, Germany and Switzerland. This paper will review available data on late tissue effects from particle radiation exposures, and discuss its importance to the future of hadron therapy. Potential late radiation effects are associated with irradiated normal tissue volumes at risk that in many cases can be reduced with hadron therapy. However, normal tissues present within hadron treatment volumes can demonstrate enhanced responses compared to conventional modes of therapy. Late endpoints of concern include induction of secondary cancers, cataract, fibrosis, neurodegeneration, vascular damage, and immunological, endocrine and hereditary effects. Low-dose tissue effects at tumor margins need further study, and there is need for more acute molecular studies underlying late effects of hadron therapy. JF - Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology AU - Blakely, Eleanor A AU - Chang, Polly Y AD - Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94620, USA. EABlakely@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - S134 EP - S140 VL - 73 Suppl 2 SN - 0167-8140, 0167-8140 KW - Protons KW - 0 KW - Helium KW - 206GF3GB41 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Humans KW - Radiation Tolerance KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Protons -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Heavy Ions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67285253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiotherapy+and+oncology+%3A+journal+of+the+European+Society+for+Therapeutic+Radiology+and+Oncology&rft.atitle=Late+effects+from+hadron+therapy.&rft.au=Blakely%2C+Eleanor+A%3BChang%2C+Polly+Y&rft.aulast=Blakely&rft.aufirst=Eleanor&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=73+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiotherapy+and+oncology+%3A+journal+of+the+European+Society+for+Therapeutic+Radiology+and+Oncology&rft.issn=01678140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of contaminant fate and bioaccumulation models in assessing ecological risks of chemicals: a case study for gasoline hydrocarbons. AN - 67171892; 15597875 AB - Mass balance models of chemical fate and transport can be applied in ecological risk assessments for quantitative estimation of concentrations in air, water, soil, and sediment. These concentrations can, in turn, be used to estimate organism exposures and ultimately internal tissue concentrations that can be compared to mode-of-action-based critical body residues that induce toxic effects. From this comparison, risks to the exposed organism can be evaluated. To demonstrate the use of fate models in ecological risk assessment, we combine the EQuilibrium Criterion (EQC) environmental fate model with a simple screening level biouptake model for three representative organisms: a bird, a mammal, and a fish. This effort yields estimates of internal body concentrations that can be compared with levels known to elicit toxic effects. As an illustration, we present an analysis of 24 hydrocarbon components of gasoline that differ in properties but are assumed to elicit toxicity by a common narcotic mode of action. Results demonstrate that differences in chemical properties and mode of entry into the environment lead to profound differences in the efficiency of transport from emission to target biota. We discussthe implications of these results and draw attention to the insights gained about regional fate and ecological risks associated with gasoline. This approach is suitable for assessing single chemicals or mixtures that have similar modes of action. We conclude that the model-based methodologies presented are widely applicable for screening level ecological risk assessments that support effective chemicals management. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Macleod, Matthew AU - McKone, Thomas E AU - Foster, Karen L AU - Maddalena, Randy L AU - Parkerton, Thomas F AU - Mackay, Don AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-8132, USA. mjmacleod@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/12/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Dec 01 SP - 6225 EP - 6233 VL - 38 IS - 23 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Gasoline KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Narcotics KW - Index Medicus KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Birds -- metabolism KW - Narcotics -- toxicity KW - Narcotics -- metabolism KW - Biodiversity KW - Fishes -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Biological KW - Risk Assessment KW - Ecology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Gasoline -- toxicity KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67171892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Applications+of+contaminant+fate+and+bioaccumulation+models+in+assessing+ecological+risks+of+chemicals%3A+a+case+study+for+gasoline+hydrocarbons.&rft.au=Macleod%2C+Matthew%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E%3BFoster%2C+Karen+L%3BMaddalena%2C+Randy+L%3BParkerton%2C+Thomas+F%3BMackay%2C+Don&rft.aulast=Macleod&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=6225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-21 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrolysis of neptunium(V) at variable temperatures; 10 degrees C-85 degrees C AN - 51729958; 2005-026153 AB - Neptunium is one of the few radioactive elements that are of great concern in the disposal of nuclear wastes in the geological repository, due to its hazards and the long half-life of the isotope, (super 237) Np (t (sub 1/2) = 2.14X10 (super 6) years). To understand and predict the migration behavior of neptunium in the geological media, it is of importance to study its hydrolysis at elevated temperatures, because the temperature in the waste package and the vicinity of the repository could be high. Moreover, the chemical analogy between neptunium(V) and plutonium(V) adds even greater value to this investigation, because the latter could exist at tracer levels in neutral and slightly oxidizing waters but is difficult to study due to its rather labile redox behavior.In this work, the hydrolysis of neptunium(V) was studied at variable temperatures (10 to 85 degrees C) in tetramethylammonium chloride (1.12 mol kg (super 1) ). Two hydrolyzed species of neptunium(V), NpO (sub 2) OH(aq) and NpO (sub 2) (OH) (sub 2) (super -) , were identified by potentiometry and Near-IR absorption spectroscopy. The hydrolysis constants (*beta (sub n) ) and enthalpy of hydrolysis (Delta H (sub n) ) for the reaction NpO (sub 2) (super +) + nH (sub 2) O = NpO (sub 2) (OH) (sub n) (super (1-n)+) + nH (super +) (n = 1 and 2) were determined by titration potentiometry and microcalorimetry. The hydrolysis constants, *beta (sub 1) and *beta (sub 2) , increased by 0.8 and 3.4 orders of magnitude, respectively, as the temperature was increased from 10 to 85 degrees C. The enhancement of hydrolysis at elevated temperatures is mainly due to the significant increase of the degree of ionization of water as the temperature is increased. The hydrolysis reactions are endothermic but become less endothermic as the temperature is increased. The heat capacities of hydrolysis, Delta C (sub p1) and Delta C (sub p2) , are calculated to be -(71 + or - 17) J K (super -1) mol (super -1) and -(127 + or - 17) J K (super -1) mol (super -1) , respectively. Approximation approaches to predict the effect of temperature, including the constant enthalpy approach, the constant heat capacity approach and the DQUANT equation, have been tested with the data. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rao, Linfeng AU - Srinivasan, Thandankorai G AU - Garnov, Alexander Yu AU - Zanonato, Pierluigi AU - Di Bernardo, Plinio AU - Bismondo, Arturo Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 4821 EP - 4830 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 68 IS - 23 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - near-infrared spectra KW - neptunium KW - solutions KW - isotopes KW - hydrolysis KW - environmental effects KW - variations KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - absorption KW - radioactive isotopes KW - enthalpy KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - calorimetry KW - titration KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - mobilization KW - waste disposal KW - potentiometry KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51729958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Hydrolysis+of+neptunium%28V%29+at+variable+temperatures%3B+10+degrees+C-85+degrees+C&rft.au=Rao%2C+Linfeng%3BSrinivasan%2C+Thandankorai+G%3BGarnov%2C+Alexander+Yu%3BZanonato%2C+Pierluigi%3BDi+Bernardo%2C+Plinio%3BBismondo%2C+Arturo&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=Linfeng&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM03 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; actinides; calorimetry; chemical composition; chemical reactions; Eh; enthalpy; environmental effects; EXAFS data; geochemistry; ground water; hydrolysis; isotopes; metals; mobilization; near-infrared spectra; neptunium; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; potentiometry; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; solutions; spectra; temperature; thermodynamic properties; titration; variations; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.06.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic aerosol growth mechanisms and their climate-forcing implications AN - 51720968; 2005-035973 AB - Surface- and volume-limited chemical reactions on and in atmospheric aerosol particles cause growth while changing organic composition by 13 to 24% per day. Many of these particles contain carbonaceous components from mineral dust and combustion emissions in Africa, Asia, and North America and reveal reaction rates that are three times slower than those typically used in climate models. These slower rates for converting from volatile or hydrophobic to condensed and hygroscopic organic compounds increase carbonaceous particle burdens in climate models by 70%, producing organic aerosol climate forcings of as much as -0.8 watt per square meter cooling and +0.3 watt per square meter warming. JF - Science AU - Maria, Steven F AU - Russell, Lynn M AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Myneni, Satish C B Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 1921 EP - 1924 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 306 IS - 5703 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - condensation KW - clastic sediments KW - oxidation KW - global KW - atmosphere KW - global change KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - carbon KW - dust KW - sediments KW - aerosols KW - ecology KW - climate forcing KW - hydrophobic materials KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51720968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Organic+aerosol+growth+mechanisms+and+their+climate-forcing+implications&rft.au=Maria%2C+Steven+F%3BRussell%2C+Lynn+M%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BMyneni%2C+Satish+C+B&rft.aulast=Maria&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=306&rft.issue=5703&rft.spage=1921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1103491 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; carbon; carbon dioxide; clastic sediments; climate change; climate forcing; condensation; dust; ecology; global; global change; global warming; hydrophobic materials; organic compounds; oxidation; sediments; transport; volatiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1103491 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eyselite, Fe (super 3+) Ge (super 4+) (sub 3) O (sub 7) (OH), a new mineral species from Tsumeb, Namibia AN - 51644411; 2006-008890 AB - Eyselite, ideally Fe (super 3+) Ge (super 4+) (sub 3) O (sub 7) (OH), is orthorhombic with a P lattice, and unit-cell parameters refined from powder data: a 8.302(4), b 9.718(4), c 4.527(2) Aa, V 365,2(3) Aa (super 3) , a:b:c 0.8543:1:0.4658, Z = 2. The strongest eight lines of the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [d in Aa (I)(hkl)] are: 4.105(40)(011), 3.681(100)(111), 3.121)(60b)(220,121), 2.921(100)(211), 2.512(40)(131), 2.403(90)(320), 1.646(80)(322) and 1.624(50)(142). The mineral occurs on a single specimen originating from the Tsumeb mine, Tsumeb, Namibia, as very fine-grained aggregates in vugs of massive renierite - germanite - tennantite ore. There are no other associated secondary phases. Individual subhedral to rarely euhedral crystals are platy to very thin prismatic, elongate [001], with a length-to-width ratio of approximately 3:1 and not exceeding 20 mu m in maximum length. Typical crystals are 20X14X1 mu m in size. Forms are {100} major, very thin {010}, rounded {011}, and very thin rounded {001} minor. Crystals show growth steps on {100} and are partly hollow. The mineral is dirty brown-yellow (aggregates) to yellow-tan (crystals), opaque (aggregates) to transparent (crystals), with a brownish yellow streak, and vitreous luster. Eyselite is brittle, with an uneven fracture, and is nonfluorescent. The aggregates are soft; D (calc.) is 3.639 g/cm (super 3) for the empirical formula. It is biaxial positive, and two indices of refraction exceed 1.80; 2V (meas.) is large; pale yellow in plane-polarized light, with no pleochroism, low birefringence, moderate anisotropy, and length-fast. Averaged results of electron-microprobe analyses yield CaO 0.06, Fe (sub 2) O (sub 3) 18.54, Ga (sub 2) O (sub 3) 1.01 GeO (sub 2) 77.75, H (sub 2) O [2.64] (by difference), total [100.00] wt.%. The empirical formula, on the basis of O = 8, is (Fe (super 3+) (sub 0.93) Ga (super 3+) (sub 0.04) ) (sub Sigma 0.97) Ge (super 4+) (sub 2.98) O (sub 6.90) (OH) (sub 1.17) . The infrared-absorption spectrum shows bands for structural (OH). A micro-XAS study shows that all the Fe is trivalent, and the Ge atoms are probably in octahedral coordination. The mineral's name honors the late Walter H. Eysel, Professor of Crystallography, Ruprecht Karls-Universitat, Heidelberg, Germany, for his contributions to the study of germanates and for his numerous contributions to the Powder Diffraction File. JF - The Canadian Mineralogist AU - Roberts, Andrew C AU - Seward, Terry M AU - Reusser, Eric AU - Carpenter, Graham J C AU - Grice, Joel D AU - Clark, Simon M AU - Marcus, Matthew A Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 1771 EP - 1776 PB - Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 42, Part 6 SN - 0008-4476, 0008-4476 KW - eyselite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - Tsumeb Namibia KW - tennantite KW - iron KW - infrared spectra KW - electron probe data KW - sulfarsenites KW - hydroxides KW - metals KW - sulfosalts KW - Southern Africa KW - germanium KW - oxides KW - Africa KW - germanite KW - spectra KW - renierite KW - Namibia KW - SEM data KW - new minerals KW - sulfogermanates KW - formula KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51644411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Eyselite%2C+Fe+%28super+3%2B%29+Ge+%28super+4%2B%29+%28sub+3%29+O+%28sub+7%29+%28OH%29%2C+a+new+mineral+species+from+Tsumeb%2C+Namibia&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Andrew+C%3BSeward%2C+Terry+M%3BReusser%2C+Eric%3BCarpenter%2C+Graham+J+C%3BGrice%2C+Joel+D%3BClark%2C+Simon+M%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=42%2C+Part+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/template/EJournal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAMIA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; electron probe data; eyselite; formula; germanite; germanium; hydroxides; infrared spectra; iron; metals; Namibia; new minerals; oxides; renierite; SEM data; Southern Africa; spectra; sulfarsenites; sulfogermanates; sulfosalts; tennantite; Tsumeb Namibia; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron powder diffraction studies of small-volume samples synthesized at high P-T AN - 51548929; 2006-067380 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Chen, J AU - Lager, G A AU - Kunz, M AU - Ulmer, P AU - Hansen, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract T41B EP - 1179 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - olivine group KW - bonding KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - infrared spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - rheology KW - wadsleyite KW - orthosilicates KW - spectra KW - deuterium KW - thermodynamic properties KW - synthesis KW - P-T conditions KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - Rietveld refinement KW - powder method KW - high pressure KW - nesosilicates KW - hydrogen KW - volume KW - neutron diffraction data KW - high temperature KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51548929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Neutron+powder+diffraction+studies+of+small-volume+samples+synthesized+at+high+P-T&rft.au=Chen%2C+J%3BLager%2C+G+A%3BKunz%2C+M%3BUlmer%2C+P%3BHansen%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; deuterium; experimental studies; high pressure; high temperature; hydrogen; infrared spectra; isotopes; laboratory studies; nesosilicates; neutron diffraction data; olivine group; orthosilicates; oxygen; P-T conditions; powder method; pressure; rheology; Rietveld refinement; silicates; spectra; stable isotopes; synthesis; temperature; thermodynamic properties; volume; wadsleyite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The phase diagram of talc, 10A phase and 3.64A phase AN - 51548034; 2006-067378 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Clark, S M AU - Gleason, A E AU - Pawley, A R AU - Parry, S AU - Walter, M J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract T41B EP - 1177 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - water KW - silicates KW - upper mantle KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - crystal systems KW - triclinic system KW - mantle KW - crystal structure KW - subduction KW - high pressure KW - synchrotron radiation KW - laboratory studies KW - phase equilibria KW - talc KW - volume KW - mica structure KW - sheet silicates KW - anvil cells KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51548034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+phase+diagram+of+talc%2C+10A+phase+and+3.64A+phase&rft.au=Clark%2C+S+M%3BGleason%2C+A+E%3BPawley%2C+A+R%3BParry%2C+S%3BWalter%2C+M+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anvil cells; crystal structure; crystal systems; experimental studies; high pressure; laboratory studies; mantle; mica structure; phase equilibria; pressure; sheet silicates; silicates; subduction; synchrotron radiation; talc; triclinic system; upper mantle; volume; water; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical monitoring for the Frio Pilot CO2 injection test AN - 51494200; 2007-013753 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Myer, L AU - Hovorka, S AU - Daley, T AU - Wilt, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract GC54A EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - technology KW - geophysical surveys KW - Frio Pilot Test Site KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - electromagnetic methods KW - seismic profiles KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - Frio Formation KW - Texas KW - Paleogene KW - depth KW - seismic methods KW - Tertiary KW - boreholes KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - waste disposal KW - storage KW - Oligocene KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51494200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geophysical+monitoring+for+the+Frio+Pilot+CO2+injection+test&rft.au=Myer%2C+L%3BHovorka%2C+S%3BDaley%2C+T%3BWilt%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Myer&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; depth; electromagnetic methods; Frio Formation; Frio Pilot Test Site; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; injection; monitoring; Oligocene; Paleogene; pollution; seismic methods; seismic profiles; storage; surveys; technology; Tertiary; Texas; three-dimensional models; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-year observations of metal concentrations in major Arctic rivers AN - 51490818; 2007-019263 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Guay, C K AU - Zhulidov, A V AU - Robarts, R D AU - Zhulidov, D A AU - Gurtovaya, T Y AU - Holmes, R M AU - Peterson, B J AU - McClelland, J W AU - Headley, J V AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract C41A EP - 0187 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - stream sediments KW - Kolyma River KW - rivers and streams KW - suspended materials KW - Russian Federation KW - Ob River KW - Mackenzie River KW - Lena River KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - PARTNERS Program KW - sediments KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - concentration KW - annual variations KW - Arctic region KW - surface water KW - Yenisei River KW - hydrochemistry KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - runoff KW - Yukon River KW - seasonal variations KW - fluvial environment KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51490818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Multi-year+observations+of+metal+concentrations+in+major+Arctic+rivers&rft.au=Guay%2C+C+K%3BZhulidov%2C+A+V%3BRobarts%2C+R+D%3BZhulidov%2C+D+A%3BGurtovaya%2C+T+Y%3BHolmes%2C+R+M%3BPeterson%2C+B+J%3BMcClelland%2C+J+W%3BHeadley%2C+J+V%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guay&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - annual variations; Arctic region; Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; concentration; dissolved materials; fluvial environment; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Kolyma River; Lena River; Mackenzie River; metals; North America; Ob River; PARTNERS Program; rivers and streams; runoff; Russian Federation; seasonal variations; sediments; stream sediments; surface water; suspended materials; Yenisei River; Yukon River ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of acetate competition, pH and soil structure on the rates and pathways of methane formation in tropical rain forest soils AN - 51438084; 2007-054252 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Teh, Y AU - Dubinsky, E AU - Carlson, C M AU - Silver, W L AU - Conrad, M E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract B43B EP - 0156 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tropical environment KW - soils KW - forests KW - forest soils KW - esters KW - experimental studies KW - aggregate KW - methane KW - acetates KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - rain forests KW - alkanes KW - carbon dioxide KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51438084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Effects+of+acetate+competition%2C+pH+and+soil+structure+on+the+rates+and+pathways+of+methane+formation+in+tropical+rain+forest+soils&rft.au=Teh%2C+Y%3BDubinsky%2C+E%3BCarlson%2C+C+M%3BSilver%2C+W+L%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Teh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; aggregate; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; bacteria; biogenic processes; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; esters; experimental studies; forest soils; forests; genesis; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; methane; organic compounds; pH; rain forests; soils; tropical environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical factors affecting release of U(VI) from soils AN - 51386291; 2007-090629 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zheng, Z AU - Wan, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H53A EP - 1200 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - desorption KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - solubility KW - hexavalent uranium KW - transport KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - chemical properties KW - uranium KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51386291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geochemical+factors+affecting+release+of+U%28VI%29+from+soils&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Z%3BWan%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bioavailability; chemical properties; desorption; geochemistry; hexavalent uranium; metals; mobility; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; soil pollution; soils; solubility; Tennessee; transport; United States; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Annual growth bands in Hymenaea courbaril; implications for utilization in tropical paleoclimate reconstructions AN - 51372716; 2007-106517 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Westbrook, J A AU - Guilderson, T AU - Colinvaux, P A AU - D'Arrigo, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract PP43A EP - 0616 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tropical environment KW - Spermatophyta KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - calibration KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - Dicotyledoneae KW - stable isotopes KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - carbon KW - absolute age KW - Panama KW - Plantae KW - Quaternary KW - paleohydrology KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Hymenaea coubaril KW - Leguminosae KW - tree rings KW - reconstruction KW - C-14 KW - upper Holocene KW - Central America KW - Angiospermae KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51372716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Annual+growth+bands+in+Hymenaea+courbaril%3B+implications+for+utilization+in+tropical+paleoclimate+reconstructions&rft.au=Westbrook%2C+J+A%3BGuilderson%2C+T%3BColinvaux%2C+P+A%3BD%27Arrigo%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Westbrook&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Angiospermae; atmospheric precipitation; C-14; calibration; carbon; Cenozoic; Central America; dates; Dicotyledoneae; Holocene; Hymenaea coubaril; isotope ratios; isotopes; Leguminosae; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleoclimatology; paleohydrology; Panama; Plantae; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; reconstruction; Spermatophyta; stable isotopes; tree rings; tropical environment; upper Holocene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancing spatial and temporal resolution of trace elements in sediment cores AN - 51370446; 2007-106496 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Johnson, B E AU - Jimenez-Cruz, M AU - Cliff, S AU - Hunt, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract PP43A EP - 0595 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - pollution KW - calibration KW - Alameda County California KW - trace-element analyses KW - cores KW - climate change KW - case studies KW - California KW - Alameda Naval Air Station KW - spatial variations KW - deposition KW - metals KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - military facilities KW - estuarine environment KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51370446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Enhancing+spatial+and+temporal+resolution+of+trace+elements+in+sediment+cores&rft.au=Johnson%2C+B+E%3BJimenez-Cruz%2C+M%3BCliff%2C+S%3BHunt%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alameda County California; Alameda Naval Air Station; calibration; California; case studies; chemical analysis; chemical composition; climate change; concentration; cores; deposition; estuarine environment; geochemistry; metals; military facilities; pollution; sediments; spatial variations; spectra; trace elements; trace-element analyses; United States; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating coupled groundwater and surface water processes within a land surface model AN - 51351817; 2007-116344 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Maxwell, R M AU - Kollet, S J AU - Miller, N L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H12B EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - three-dimensional models KW - drainage KW - surface water KW - prediction KW - coupling KW - Europe KW - Russian Federation KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - models KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Usadievskiy Catchment KW - drainage basins KW - streams KW - Valdai KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51351817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+in+groundwater+flow+simulations+caused+by+multiple+modeling+approaches%2C+at+the+Mizunami+Underground+Research+Laboratory%2C+Japan&rft.au=Sawada%2C+Atsushi%3BSaegusa%2C+Hiromitsu%3BIjiri%2C+Yuji&rft.aulast=Sawada&rft.aufirst=Atsushi&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM10 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; Commonwealth of Independent States; coupling; drainage; drainage basins; Europe; ground water; models; prediction; Russian Federation; streams; surface water; three-dimensional models; Usadievskiy Catchment; Valdai ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical constraints on the origin of volcanic rocks from the Andean northern volcanic zone, Ecuador AN - 51348307; 2007-123178 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Bryant, J AU - Yogodzinski, G AU - Hall, M AU - Lewicki, J AU - Bailey, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract T33B EP - 1390 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - andesites KW - volcanic rocks KW - subduction zones KW - Ecuador KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - continental crust KW - La/Yb KW - Holocene KW - stable isotopes KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - whole rock KW - Imbabura KW - dacites KW - rare earths KW - crystal fractionation KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Inter-Andean Graben KW - Carnegie Ridge KW - Quaternary KW - isotope ratios KW - Nd-144/Nd-143 KW - South America KW - metals KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ba/Nb KW - neodymium KW - crust KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51348307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geochemical+constraints+on+the+origin+of+volcanic+rocks+from+the+Andean+northern+volcanic+zone%2C+Ecuador&rft.au=Bryant%2C+J%3BYogodzinski%2C+G%3BHall%2C+M%3BLewicki%2C+J%3BBailey%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bryant&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - andesites; Ba/Nb; Carnegie Ridge; Cenozoic; continental crust; crust; crystal fractionation; dacites; East Pacific; Ecuador; geochemistry; Holocene; igneous rocks; Imbabura; Inter-Andean Graben; isotope ratios; isotopes; La/Yb; metals; Nd-144/Nd-143; neodymium; Pacific Ocean; Pleistocene; Quaternary; rare earths; South America; stable isotopes; subduction zones; upper Pleistocene; volcanic rocks; whole rock ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laser heated diamond anvil cell at the advanced light source AN - 51283908; 2008-032004 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Caldwell, W A AU - Yu, T AU - Celestre, R S AU - Walter, M J AU - Clark, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract MR11A EP - 0889 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - experimental studies KW - technology KW - laser methods KW - geophysical methods KW - phase transitions KW - anvil cells KW - instruments KW - design KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51283908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Laser+heated+diamond+anvil+cell+at+the+advanced+light+source&rft.au=Caldwell%2C+W+A%3BYu%2C+T%3BCelestre%2C+R+S%3BWalter%2C+M+J%3BClark%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Caldwell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anvil cells; design; experimental studies; geophysical methods; instruments; laser methods; phase transitions; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated Earth science research in deep underground science and engineering laboratories AN - 51283476; 2008-031990 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wang, J S AU - Hazen, T C AU - Conrad, M E AU - Johnson, L R AU - Salve, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract MR11B EP - 0934 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Henderson Mine KW - geophysical surveys KW - underground space KW - Eddy County New Mexico KW - site exploration KW - Homestake Mine KW - New Mexico KW - rock mechanics KW - tunnels KW - ecology KW - Waste Isolation Pilot Plant KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - Minnesota KW - mines KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - Virginia KW - geophysical methods KW - research KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Soudan Mine KW - Kimbalton Mine KW - surveys KW - Colorado KW - South Dakota KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51283476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Integrated+Earth+science+research+in+deep+underground+science+and+engineering+laboratories&rft.au=Grenier%2C+Christophe%3BFourno%2C+Andre%3BMouche%2C+Emmanuel%3BDelay%2C+Frederick%3BBenabderrahmane%2C+Hakim&rft.aulast=Grenier&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM12 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colorado; ecology; Eddy County New Mexico; experimental studies; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Henderson Mine; Homestake Mine; hydrology; Kimbalton Mine; mines; Minnesota; monitoring; Nevada; New Mexico; Nye County Nevada; processes; research; rock mechanics; site exploration; Soudan Mine; South Dakota; surveys; tunnels; underground space; United States; Virginia; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Earth science research at the Homestake Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory AN - 51282993; 2008-031993 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Roggenthen, W AU - Wang, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract MR11B EP - 0937 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - programs KW - mines KW - experimental studies KW - geophysical surveys KW - underground space KW - Homestake Mine KW - geophysical methods KW - research KW - seismic methods KW - surveys KW - drilling KW - South Dakota KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51282993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Earth+science+research+at+the+Homestake+Deep+Underground+Science+and+Engineering+Laboratory&rft.au=Roggenthen%2C+W%3BWang%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Roggenthen&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drilling; experimental studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Homestake Mine; mines; programs; research; seismic methods; South Dakota; surveys; underground space; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing a methodology for measuring stress transients at seismogenic depth AN - 51282786; 2008-034535 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Silver, P G AU - Niu, F AU - Daley, T M AU - Majer, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract S13E EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - geophones KW - stress KW - coupling KW - elastic waves KW - calibration KW - wave fields KW - fluctuations KW - cracks KW - transient phenomena KW - seismicity KW - velocity structure KW - velocity KW - seismic waves KW - earthquakes KW - crust KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51282786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Developing+a+methodology+for+measuring+stress+transients+at+seismogenic+depth&rft.au=Silver%2C+P+G%3BNiu%2C+F%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BMajer%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Silver&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; coupling; cracks; crust; earthquakes; elastic waves; fluctuations; geophones; seismic waves; seismicity; stress; transient phenomena; velocity; velocity structure; wave fields ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracing and apportioning sources of uranium to the Hanford reach of the Columbia River using uranium isotopes AN - 51281811; 2008-039138 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Christensen, J N AU - Dresel, P E AU - Conrad, M E AU - Patton, G W AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H41I EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - alkaline earth metals KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - Columbia River KW - government agencies KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - drinking water KW - stable isotopes KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Vernita Bridge KW - metals KW - uranium KW - U-238 KW - discharge KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51281811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Tracing+and+apportioning+sources+of+uranium+to+the+Hanford+reach+of+the+Columbia+River+using+uranium+isotopes&rft.au=Christensen%2C+J+N%3BDresel%2C+P+E%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BPatton%2C+G+W%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; Columbia River; discharge; drinking water; government agencies; Hanford Site; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; U-238; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; Vernita Bridge; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The chemical weathering end member of the coupled physical and chemical weathering system AN - 51279984; 2008-039182 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Navarre, A K AU - Steefel, C I AU - Sak, P B AU - Brantley, S L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H43C EP - 380 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - chemical weathering KW - ion probe data KW - erosion KW - Costa Rica KW - mass spectra KW - coupling KW - clasts KW - terraces KW - physical weathering KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - models KW - saprolite KW - chemical reactions KW - surface features KW - fluvial features KW - coastal environment KW - spectra KW - basaltic composition KW - Central America KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51279984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+chemical+weathering+end+member+of+the+coupled+physical+and+chemical+weathering+system&rft.au=Navarre%2C+A+K%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BSak%2C+P+B%3BBrantley%2C+S+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Navarre&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basaltic composition; Central America; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; clasts; coastal environment; Costa Rica; coupling; erosion; fluvial features; ion probe data; mass spectra; models; physical weathering; porosity; saprolite; spectra; surface features; terraces; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical weathering rates in deep-sea sediments; comparison of multicomponent reactive transport models and estimates based on (super 234) U AN - 51279165; 2008-039187 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Maher, K AU - Steefel, C I AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H43C EP - 0385 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - isotopes KW - deep-sea environment KW - solution KW - CRUNCH KW - laboratory studies KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - major elements KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sediments KW - framework silicates KW - concentration KW - chemical weathering KW - plagioclase KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - diagenesis KW - uranium KW - weathering rates KW - U-238 KW - feldspar group KW - actinides KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51279165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Chemical+weathering+rates+in+deep-sea+sediments%3B+comparison+of+multicomponent+reactive+transport+models+and+estimates+based+on+%28super+234%29+U&rft.au=Maher%2C+K%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; concentration; CRUNCH; deep-sea environment; diagenesis; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; in situ; isotopes; laboratory studies; major elements; marine environment; marine sediments; metals; plagioclase; porosity; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; sediments; silicates; solution; transport; U-238; uranium; weathering; weathering rates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vibroseis monitoring of San Andreas Fault in California; what can be done next AN - 51278858; 2008-038791 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Korneev, V AU - Nadeau, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract S31C EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - high-resolution methods KW - imagery KW - monitoring KW - Southern California Seismic Network KW - stress KW - geophysical methods KW - deformation KW - seismic methods KW - California KW - computed tomography KW - San Andreas Fault KW - Monterey County California KW - velocity KW - Vibroseis KW - propagation KW - Parkfield California KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51278858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Vibroseis+monitoring+of+San+Andreas+Fault+in+California%3B+what+can+be+done+next&rft.au=Korneev%2C+V%3BNadeau%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; computed tomography; deformation; earthquakes; geophysical methods; high-resolution methods; imagery; monitoring; Monterey County California; Parkfield California; propagation; San Andreas Fault; seismic methods; Southern California Seismic Network; stress; tomography; United States; velocity; Vibroseis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - VSP and crosswell seismic monitoring of a CO (sub 2) injection AN - 51278290; 2008-038773 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Daley, T M AU - Myer, L R AU - Majer, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract S31B EP - 1055 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - geophysical surveys KW - government agencies KW - elastic waves KW - feasibility studies KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - carbon sequestration KW - vibrators KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - Frio Formation KW - Texas KW - Paleogene KW - seismic methods KW - gas injection KW - Tertiary KW - surveys KW - testing KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - Oligocene KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51278290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=VSP+and+crosswell+seismic+monitoring+of+a+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection&rft.au=Daley%2C+T+M%3BMyer%2C+L+R%3BMajer%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Cenozoic; crosshole methods; elastic waves; feasibility studies; Frio Formation; gas injection; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; government agencies; Oligocene; P-waves; Paleogene; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; Tertiary; testing; Texas; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; vertical seismic profiles; vibrators ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature-profile methods for estimating thermally-driven flow processes in superheated rocks AN - 51277832; 2008-039222 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H43I EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - solute transport KW - underground storage KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - water vapor KW - radioactive decay KW - fluid dynamics KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - underground installations KW - hydrodynamics KW - waste disposal KW - rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51277832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Temperature-profile+methods+for+estimating+thermally-driven+flow+processes+in+superheated+rocks&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+J+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fluid dynamics; hydrodynamics; pollutants; pollution; radioactive decay; radioactive waste; rocks; solute transport; temperature; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; water vapor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continental delivery of iron to Ocean Station Papa in the subarctic Pacific AN - 51246434; 2007-127089 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lam, P J AU - Bishop, J K AU - Henning, C C AU - Marcus, M A AU - Waychunas, G A AU - Fung, I Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract OS43A EP - 0532 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Coccolithophoraceae KW - phytoplankton KW - iron oxides KW - bioavailability KW - plankton KW - marine transport KW - algae KW - iron KW - diatoms KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - particulate materials KW - general circulation models KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - living taxa KW - clastic sediments KW - subarctic regions KW - nutrients KW - North Pacific KW - metals KW - Pacific Ocean KW - dust KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51246434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Continental+delivery+of+iron+to+Ocean+Station+Papa+in+the+subarctic+Pacific&rft.au=Lam%2C+P+J%3BBishop%2C+J+K%3BHenning%2C+C+C%3BMarcus%2C+M+A%3BWaychunas%2C+G+A%3BFung%2C+I+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lam&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; bioavailability; clastic sediments; Coccolithophoraceae; continental margin; diatoms; dust; general circulation models; iron; iron oxides; living taxa; marine transport; metals; North Pacific; nutrients; oxides; Pacific Ocean; particulate materials; phytoplankton; plankton; Plantae; sediments; subarctic regions; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupling between fluid flow and heat transfer; a mechanism for quasi-periodic variations in CO2 discharges from deep underground sources AN - 51237570; 2008-074825 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Pruess, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract V13D EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - liquid phase KW - expansion KW - pressure KW - fluid phase KW - simulation KW - variations KW - temperature KW - flows KW - carbon dioxide KW - partitioning KW - safety KW - heat flow KW - eruptions KW - cooling KW - heat transfer KW - discharge KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - faults KW - fault zones KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51237570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Coupling+between+fluid+flow+and+heat+transfer%3B+a+mechanism+for+quasi-periodic+variations+in+CO2+discharges+from+deep+underground+sources&rft.au=Pruess%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; cooling; discharge; eruptions; expansion; fault zones; faults; flows; fluid phase; heat flow; heat transfer; liquid phase; partitioning; permeability; pressure; safety; simulation; temperature; underground disposal; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral sequestration of CO2 mixed with H2S and SO2 in sandstone-shale formation AN - 51233371; 2008-077376 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Xu, T AU - Pruess, K AU - Apps, J A AU - Yamamoto, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract GC51B EP - 1058 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - sulfur dioxide KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - ankerite KW - shale KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - sandstone KW - pollution KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - high pressure KW - remediation KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - ecology KW - greenhouse gases KW - dawsonite KW - clastic rocks KW - carbonates KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51233371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Mineral+sequestration+of+CO2+mixed+with+H2S+and+SO2+in+sandstone-shale+formation&rft.au=Xu%2C+T%3BPruess%2C+K%3BApps%2C+J+A%3BYamamoto%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Ki&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ankerite; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; clastic rocks; dawsonite; ecology; greenhouse gases; high pressure; hydrogen sulfide; injection; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; pressure; remediation; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; shale; sulfur dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-frequency dilatational wave propagation through unsaturated porous media containing two immiscible fluids AN - 51230231; 2008-076787 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lo, W AU - Sposito, G AU - Majer, E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H31D EP - 0419 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - capillary pressure KW - porous materials KW - elastic waves KW - fluid dynamics KW - elastic materials KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - time domain analysis KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51230231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Low-frequency+dilatational+wave+propagation+through+unsaturated+porous+media+containing+two+immiscible+fluids&rft.au=Lo%2C+W%3BSposito%2C+G%3BMajer%2C+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lo&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; body waves; boundary conditions; capillary pressure; elastic materials; elastic waves; fluid dynamics; ground water; P-waves; physical properties; porous materials; propagation; reservoir rocks; seismic waves; time domain analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Properties of flow zones in fractured rock AN - 51230051; 2008-076860 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Salve, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H33B EP - 0468 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - waste management KW - spatial variations KW - Yucca Flat KW - tuff KW - Nevada KW - experimental studies KW - prediction KW - Miocene KW - models KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51230051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Properties+of+flow+zones+in+fractured+rock&rft.au=Salve%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; igneous rocks; Miocene; models; Neogene; Nevada; prediction; preferential flow; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; spatial variations; Tertiary; theoretical models; Topopah Spring Member; tuff; underground disposal; United States; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; waste management; Yucca Flat ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A numerical model of chemical and Soret diffusion at crystallizing boundaries AN - 51230010; 2008-076684 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract V53A EP - 0620 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - diffusion KW - numerical models KW - numerical analysis KW - prediction KW - simulation KW - melts KW - phase equilibria KW - magmas KW - heat transfer KW - crystallization KW - Soret diffusion KW - mafic magmas KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51230010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+numerical+model+of+chemical+and+Soret+diffusion+at+crystallizing+boundaries&rft.au=Sonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sonnenthal&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystallization; diffusion; heat transfer; mafic magmas; magmas; melts; numerical analysis; numerical models; phase equilibria; prediction; simulation; Soret diffusion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorptive protection or chemical recalcitrance; how important are minerals for soil organic matter stabilization? AN - 51228827; 2008-077465 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Mikutta, R AU - Kleber, M A AU - Torn, M S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract B13C EP - 0255 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - sorption KW - organic compounds KW - pollutants KW - stability KW - pollution KW - chemical composition KW - environmental effects KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51228827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Sorptive+protection+or+chemical+recalcitrance%3B+how+important+are+minerals+for+soil+organic+matter+stabilization%3F&rft.au=Mikutta%2C+R%3BKleber%2C+M+A%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mikutta&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; environmental effects; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; soils; sorption; stability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron oxyhydroxide mineralization by microbes in terrestrial environments AN - 51228388; 2008-077504 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Chan, C S AU - Fakra, S AU - Banfield, J F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract B21B EP - 0881 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biomineralization KW - Leptothrix KW - experimental studies KW - terrestrial environment KW - iron oxides KW - iron minerals KW - oxyhydroxides KW - Gallionella KW - crystal growth KW - morphology KW - hydroxides KW - organic compounds KW - akaganeite KW - biofilms KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - mineralization KW - macerals KW - polymers KW - alginite KW - microorganisms KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51228388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Iron+oxyhydroxide+mineralization+by+microbes+in+terrestrial+environments&rft.au=Chan%2C+C+S%3BFakra%2C+S%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - akaganeite; alginite; bacteria; biofilms; biomineralization; crystal growth; experimental studies; Gallionella; hydroxides; iron minerals; iron oxides; Leptothrix; macerals; microorganisms; mineralization; morphology; organic compounds; oxides; oxyhydroxides; polymers; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical modeling of pH neutralization of high alkaline-saline waste fluids in unsaturated sediments AN - 51227784; 2008-076789 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhang, G AU - Zheng, Z AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H31D EP - 0421 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - cation exchange capacity KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - aqueous solutions KW - preferential flow KW - models KW - controls KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - liquid waste KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - reactive transport KW - alkalinity KW - waste disposal KW - saline composition KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51227784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geochemical+modeling+of+pH+neutralization+of+high+alkaline-saline+waste+fluids+in+unsaturated+sediments&rft.au=Zhang%2C+G%3BZheng%2C+Z%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; aqueous solutions; cation exchange capacity; chemical properties; contaminant plumes; controls; Hanford Site; liquid waste; models; pH; pollution; prediction; preferential flow; reactive transport; saline composition; sediments; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short timescales of high-silica rhyolite generation in the Mono-Inyo Craters indicated by U-Th isotopic disequilibrium AN - 51227395; 2008-076663 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hart, G L AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Christensen, J N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract V52B EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - subduction zones KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - Mono Craters KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - Inyo County California KW - Bishop Tuff KW - volcanic features KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dacites KW - basaltic composition KW - Long Valley KW - U-238/Th-232 KW - rhyolites KW - Quaternary KW - Mono County California KW - lithosphere KW - isotope ratios KW - Inyo Domes KW - magmatism KW - alkalic composition KW - calderas KW - lava KW - metals KW - magmas KW - thorium KW - Pleistocene KW - uranium KW - Mono-Inyo Craters KW - actinides KW - magma chambers KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51227395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Short+timescales+of+high-silica+rhyolite+generation+in+the+Mono-Inyo+Craters+indicated+by+U-Th+isotopic+disequilibrium&rft.au=Hart%2C+G+L%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BChristensen%2C+J+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkalic composition; basaltic composition; Bishop Tuff; calderas; California; Cenozoic; dacites; igneous rocks; Inyo County California; Inyo Domes; isotope ratios; isotopes; lava; lithosphere; Long Valley; magma chambers; magmas; magmatism; metals; Mono County California; Mono Craters; Mono-Inyo Craters; Pleistocene; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; rhyolites; subduction zones; thorium; U-238/Th-232; United States; uranium; volcanic features; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Xenon isotope releases from buried transuranic waste AN - 51227271; 2008-076800 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Dresel, P E AU - Waichler, S R AU - Kennedy, B M AU - Hayes, J C AU - McIntyre, J I AU - Giles, J R AU - Sondrup, A J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H31D EP - 0434 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - detection limit KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - xenon KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - noble gases KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - fission KW - underground disposal KW - diffusivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51227271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Xenon+isotope+releases+from+buried+transuranic+waste&rft.au=Dresel%2C+P+E%3BWaichler%2C+S+R%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3BHayes%2C+J+C%3BMcIntyre%2C+J+I%3BGiles%2C+J+R%3BSondrup%2C+A+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dresel&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection limit; diffusivity; experimental studies; fission; isotopes; migration of elements; models; noble gases; nuclear facilities; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; soils; transport; underground disposal; waste disposal; xenon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sample-based stochastic approach for modeling of fluid flow through heterogeneous unsaturated fractured rock AN - 51094225; 2008-078815 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhang, K AU - Wu, Y AU - Pan, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H33F EP - 0527 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - site exploration KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - geostatistics KW - preferential flow KW - semivariograms KW - Nye County Nevada KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - heterogeneous materials KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - Yucca Mountain KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51094225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+sample-based+stochastic+approach+for+modeling+of+fluid+flow+through+heterogeneous+unsaturated+fractured+rock&rft.au=Zhang%2C+K%3BWu%2C+Y%3BPan%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; fractured materials; geostatistics; ground water; heterogeneous materials; models; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; pollution; preferential flow; semivariograms; site exploration; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; variance analysis; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reservoir imaging using frequency-dependent seismic attributes AN - 51091505; 2008-038780 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Goloshubin, G AU - Korneev, V AU - Silin, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract S31B EP - 1062 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tomography KW - seismic attributes KW - petroleum exploration KW - imagery KW - numerical models KW - Darcy's law KW - geophysical methods KW - reflection methods KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - frequency KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - computed tomography KW - Biot equations KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51091505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Reservoir+imaging+using+frequency-dependent+seismic+attributes&rft.au=Goloshubin%2C+G%3BKorneev%2C+V%3BSilin%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Goloshubin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biot equations; computed tomography; Darcy's law; fluid phase; frequency; geophysical methods; imagery; numerical models; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum exploration; reflection methods; reservoir rocks; seismic attributes; seismic methods; tomography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid formation and transport at waste plume fronts AN - 51085314; 2008-081407 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wan, J AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Larsen, J T AU - Zheng, Z AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H23H EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - colloidal materials KW - contaminant plumes KW - cation exchange capacity KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - ions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - waste disposal KW - trace elements KW - leaching KW - saline composition KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51085314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Colloid+formation+and+transport+at+waste+plume+fronts&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BLarsen%2C+J+T%3BZheng%2C+Z%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; cation exchange capacity; colloidal materials; contaminant plumes; ground water; infiltration; ions; leaching; pH; pollutants; pollution; saline composition; suspended materials; trace elements; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infiltration flow path distributions in unsaturated rocks AN - 51082123; 2008-081334 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Olson, K R AU - Wan, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H22B EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - fractured materials KW - soil mechanics KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - rates KW - porous materials KW - mechanical properties KW - preferential flow KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - recharge KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51082123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Infiltration+flow+path+distributions+in+unsaturated+rocks&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+T+K%3BOlson%2C+K+R%3BWan%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; fractured materials; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; infiltration; mechanical properties; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; porous materials; preferential flow; rates; recharge; seepage; soil mechanics; soils; statistical analysis; transport; United States; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an unsaturated region below a perennial river AN - 51064189; 2008-085048 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Su, G W AU - Zhou, Q AU - Constantz, J AU - Hatch, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H21B EP - 1004 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - California KW - unsaturated zone KW - Russian River KW - Sonoma County California KW - Northern California KW - permeability KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51064189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+unsaturated+region+below+a+perennial+river&rft.au=Su%2C+G+W%3BZhou%2C+Q%3BConstantz%2C+J%3BHatch%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; California; ground water; hydrology; Northern California; permeability; Russian River; Sonoma County California; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Parametric forms and the inductive response of a permeable conducting sphere AN - 50855018; 2008-101326 JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Smith, J Torquil AU - Morrison, H Frank AU - Becker, Alex Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 213 EP - 216 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - power law KW - one-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - unexploded ordnance KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - magnetic properties KW - physical properties KW - detection KW - conductivity KW - electromagnetic methods KW - time domain analysis KW - permeability KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50855018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Parametric+forms+and+the+inductive+response+of+a+permeable+conducting+sphere&rft.au=Smith%2C+J+Torquil%3BMorrison%2C+H+Frank%3BBecker%2C+Alex&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - conductivity; detection; electromagnetic methods; equations; geophysical methods; magnetic properties; mathematical models; one-dimensional models; permeability; physical properties; power law; time domain analysis; unexploded ordnance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data analysis and simulation of in-situ permeable flow sensors for measuring groundwater velocity AN - 50652832; 2008-085100 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Freifeld, B M AU - Su, G W AU - Jordan, P D AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Daley, P F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H21E EP - 1056 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - monitoring KW - Fort Ord KW - in situ KW - thermal conductivity KW - Central California KW - simulation KW - Monterey California KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - sensors KW - California KW - transport KW - heat flow KW - movement KW - Monterey County California KW - velocity KW - permeability KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50652832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Data+analysis+and+simulation+of+in-situ+permeable+flow+sensors+for+measuring+groundwater+velocity&rft.au=Freifeld%2C+B+M%3BSu%2C+G+W%3BJordan%2C+P+D%3BOldenburg%2C+C+M%3BDaley%2C+P+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Freifeld&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; California; Central California; Fort Ord; ground water; heat flow; in situ; instruments; measurement; monitoring; Monterey California; Monterey County California; movement; permeability; sensors; simulation; thermal conductivity; transport; United States; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscopic and spectroscopic characterization of calcified microorganisms at the nanometer-scale in experimental and field samples AN - 50651451; 2008-077467 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Benzerara, K AU - Yoon, T AU - Menguy, N AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Brown, G E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract B13E EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - transmission electron microscopy KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - aragonite KW - microstructure KW - calcification KW - scanning transmission X-ray microscopy KW - near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy KW - fossilization KW - organic compounds KW - precipitation KW - microscope methods KW - biofilms KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - calcium phosphates KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectroscopy KW - carbonates KW - microfossils KW - microorganisms KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50651451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Microscopic+and+spectroscopic+characterization+of+calcified+microorganisms+at+the+nanometer-scale+in+experimental+and+field+samples&rft.au=Benzerara%2C+K%3BYoon%2C+T%3BMenguy%2C+N%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BBrown%2C+G+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Benzerara&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aragonite; biofilms; biomineralization; calcification; calcium carbonate; calcium phosphates; carbonates; experimental studies; fossilization; microfossils; microorganisms; microscope methods; microstructure; near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy; organic compounds; precipitation; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy; spectroscopy; transmission electron microscopy; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Helium isotopes in hot springs and (hot) wells of the Basin and Range AN - 50095622; 2010-014502 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Kennedy, B M AU - van Soest, M C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - abstract U41A EP - 0735 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - North America KW - Basin and Range Province KW - isotopes KW - crustal thinning KW - isotope ratios KW - magmatism KW - mantle KW - fluid phase KW - fluid dynamics KW - extension tectonics KW - stable isotopes KW - melts KW - Dixie Valley KW - thermal waters KW - ground water KW - noble gases KW - heat flow KW - springs KW - helium KW - tectonics KW - He-4/He-3 KW - hot springs KW - faults KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50095622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Helium+isotopes+in+hot+springs+and+%28hot%29+wells+of+the+Basin+and+Range&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+B+M%3Bvan+Soest%2C+M+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - America Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basin and Range Province; crustal thinning; Dixie Valley; extension tectonics; faults; fluid dynamics; fluid phase; ground water; He-4/He-3; heat flow; helium; hot springs; isotope ratios; isotopes; magmatism; mantle; melts; noble gases; North America; springs; stable isotopes; tectonics; thermal waters ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical characterization using geophysical data and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods: A case study at the South Oyster bacterial transport site in Virginia AN - 20151838; 6112019 AB - The study demonstrates the use of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) tomographic data for estimating sediment geochemical parameters using data collected at the Department of Energy South Oyster bacterial transport site in Virginia. By exploiting the site-specific mutual dependence of GPR attenuation and extractable Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations on lithofacies, we develop a statistical model in which lithofacies and Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations at each pixel between the boreholes are considered as random variables. The unknown variables are estimated by conditioning to the colocated GPR data and the lithofacies measurements along boreholes using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Cross- validation results show that the geophysical data, constrained by lithofacies, have the potential for providing high-resolution, multidimensional information on extractable Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations at the South Oyster site. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Rubin, Yoram AU - Murray, Chris AU - Roden, Eric AU - Majer, Ernest AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org] VL - 40 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - oysters KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. W12412 KW - geochemical characterization KW - geophysical data KW - MCMC KW - statistical model KW - 1831 Hydrology: Groundwater quality KW - 1869 Hydrology: Stochastic processes KW - 3230 Mathematical Geophysics: Numerical solutions KW - 0689 Electromagnetics: Wave propagation (4275) KW - 1099 Geochemistry: General or miscellaneous. KW - Bacteria in groundwater KW - Groundwater quality KW - Water resources KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Water quality KW - Groundwater Data KW - Geophysics KW - Water Quality KW - USA, Virginia KW - Methodology KW - Markov Process KW - Oysters KW - Statistical Models KW - Groundwater KW - Statistical analysis KW - Monte Carlo method KW - Boreholes KW - Models KW - Lithofacies KW - Bacteria KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Case Studies KW - Geochemistry KW - Statistical models KW - Sediments KW - Geophysical data KW - Energy KW - Radar KW - Geophysical data analysis KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - O 3010:Geology and Geophysics KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20151838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Geochemical+characterization+using+geophysical+data+and+Markov+Chain+Monte+Carlo+methods%3A+A+case+study+at+the+South+Oyster+bacterial+transport+site+in+Virginia&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BRubin%2C+Yoram%3BMurray%2C+Chris%3BRoden%2C+Eric%3BMajer%2C+Ernest&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002883 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Geochemical N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geophysical data; Statistical models; Geochemistry; Statistical analysis; Lithofacies; Boreholes; Methodology; Mathematical models; Data processing; Energy; Radar; Water resources; Sediments; Models; Bacteria in groundwater; Groundwater quality; Monte Carlo method; Geophysical data analysis; Bacteria; Geophysics; Groundwater; Water quality; Markov Process; Oysters; Case Studies; Statistical Models; Water Quality; Groundwater Data; Monte Carlo Method; USA, Virginia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002883 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranyl Precipitation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa via Controlled Polyphosphate Metabolism AN - 17707791; 6098301 AB - The polyphosphate kinase gene from Pseudomonas aeruginosa was overexpressed in its native host, resulting in the accumulation of 100 times the polyphosphate seen with control strains. Degradation of this polyphosphate was induced by carbon starvation conditions, resulting in phosphate release into the medium. The mechanism of polyphosphate degradation is not clearly understood, but it appears to be associated with glycogen degradation. Upon suspension of the cells in 1 mM uranyl nitrate, nearly all polyphosphate that had accumulated was degraded within 48 h, resulting in the removal of nearly 80% of the uranyl ion and >95% of lesser-concentrated solutions. Electron microscopy, energy- dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) suggest that this removal was due to the precipitation of uranyl phosphate at the cell membrane. TRLFS also indicated that uranyl was initially sorbed to the cell as uranyl hydroxide and was then precipitated as uranyl phosphate as phosphate was released from the cell. Lethal doses of radiation did not halt phosphate secretion from polyphosphate-filled cells under carbon starvation conditions. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Renninger, Neil AU - Knopp, Roger AU - Nitsche, Heino AU - Clark, Douglas S AU - Keasling, Jay D AD - Department of Chemical Engineering. Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley. The Glenn T. Seaborg Center. Synthetic Biology Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - Dec 2004 SP - 7404 EP - 7412 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 70 IS - 12 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Starvation KW - Nitrate KW - Biodegradation KW - Secretion KW - Precipitation KW - Spectroscopy KW - Glycogen KW - fluorescence spectroscopy KW - Cell membranes KW - Carbon KW - Polyphosphate kinase KW - polyphosphates KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - Electron microscopy KW - Lethal dose KW - J 02732:Other cell constituents and metabolites KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17707791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Uranyl+Precipitation+by+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+via+Controlled+Polyphosphate+Metabolism&rft.au=Renninger%2C+Neil%3BKnopp%2C+Roger%3BNitsche%2C+Heino%3BClark%2C+Douglas+S%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Renninger&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=7404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Starvation; Nitrate; Biodegradation; Secretion; Precipitation; Spectroscopy; Glycogen; fluorescence spectroscopy; Carbon; Cell membranes; Polyphosphate kinase; polyphosphates; Electron microscopy; Lethal dose; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A strain-promoted [3 + 2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition for covalent modification of biomolecules in living systems. AN - 67081049; 15547999 AB - Selective chemical reactions that are orthogonal to the diverse functionality of biological systems have become important tools in the field of chemical biology. Two notable examples are the Staudinger ligation of azides and phosphines and the Cu(I)-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of azides and alkynes ("click chemistry"). The Staudinger ligation has sufficient biocompatibility for performance in living animals but suffers from phosphine oxidation and synthetic challenges. Click chemistry obviates the requirement of phosphines, but the Cu(I) catalyst is toxic to cells, thereby precluding in vivo applications. Here we present a strain-promoted [3 + 2] cycloaddition between cyclooctynes and azides that proceeds under physiological conditions without the need for a catalyst. The utility of the reaction was demonstrated by selective modification of biomolecules in vitro and on living cells, with no apparent toxicity. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Agard, Nicholas J AU - Prescher, Jennifer A AU - Bertozzi, Carolyn R AD - Department of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/11/24/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Nov 24 SP - 15046 EP - 15047 VL - 126 IS - 46 SN - 0002-7863, 0002-7863 KW - Alkynes KW - 0 KW - Azides KW - Cyclooctanes KW - Glycoproteins KW - Biotin KW - 6SO6U10H04 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Glycoproteins -- metabolism KW - Glycoproteins -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Jurkat Cells KW - Cyclooctanes -- chemistry KW - CHO Cells KW - Biotin -- chemistry KW - Cyclooctanes -- metabolism KW - Cyclization KW - Biotin -- metabolism KW - Cricetinae KW - Azides -- metabolism KW - Alkynes -- metabolism KW - Alkynes -- chemistry KW - Azides -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67081049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=A+strain-promoted+%5B3+%2B+2%5D+azide-alkyne+cycloaddition+for+covalent+modification+of+biomolecules+in+living+systems.&rft.au=Agard%2C+Nicholas+J%3BPrescher%2C+Jennifer+A%3BBertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R&rft.aulast=Agard&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2004-11-24&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=46&rft.spage=15046&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=00027863&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-13 N1 - Date created - 2004-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: J Am Chem Soc. 2005 Aug 10;127(31):11196 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid Formation at Waste Plume Fronts AN - 19419908; 6237272 AB - Highly saline and caustic tank waste solutions containing radionuclides and toxic metals have leaked into sediments at U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facilities such as the Hanford Site (Washington state). Colloid transport is frequently invoked to explain migration of radionuclides and metals in the subsurface. To understand colloid formation during interactions between highly reactive fluids and sediments and its impact on contaminant transport, we simulated tank waste solution (TWS) leakage processes in laboratory columns at ambient and elevated (70 degree C) temperatures. We found that maximum formation of mobile colloids occurred at the plume fronts (hundreds to thousands times higher than within the plume bodies or during later leaching). Concentrations of suspended solids were as high as 3 mass %, and their particle sizes ranged from tens of nanometers to a few micrometers. Calcium carbonate is always one of the dominant phases of the plume front colloids, while the other phases varied with solution pH and temperature. During infiltration of the leaked high-Na super(+) waste solution, rapid and completed Na super(+) replacement of exchangeable Ca super(2+) and Mg super(2+) from the sediment caused accumulation of these divalent cations at the moving plume front. Precipitation of supersaturated Ca super(2+)/Mg super(2+)-bearing minerals caused dramatic pH reduction at the plume front. In turn, the reduced pH caused precipitation of other minerals. This understanding can help predict the behavior of contaminant trace elements carried by the tank waste solutions and could not have been obtained through conventional batch studies. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Wan, J AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Saiz, E AU - Larsen, J T AU - Zheng, Z AU - Couture, R A AD - Earth Sciences and Material Science Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, jwan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/11/15/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Nov 15 SP - 6066 EP - 6073 VL - 38 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Colloids KW - Particle Size KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Trace elements KW - USA, Washington KW - Plumes KW - Sediment Transport KW - Particle size KW - Metals KW - Sediment pollution KW - Suspended Sediments KW - Leakage KW - Leaching KW - Temperature KW - Wastes KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Cations KW - Infiltration KW - Radioisotopes KW - Accumulation KW - Minerals KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19419908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Colloid+Formation+at+Waste+Plume+Fronts&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BSaiz%2C+E%3BLarsen%2C+J+T%3BZheng%2C+Z%3BCouture%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-11-15&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=6066&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0492384 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Sediment pollution; Leaching; Colloids; Pollution dispersion; Radioisotopes; Wastes; Suspended particulate matter; Trace elements; Sediment Transport; Metals; Suspended Sediments; Leakage; Particle Size; Temperature; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Cations; Infiltration; Plumes; Minerals; Accumulation; USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0492384 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of hydraulic conductivity in an alluvial system using temperatures. AN - 67155549; 15584302 AB - Well water temperatures are often collected simultaneously with water levels; however, temperature data are generally considered only as a water quality parameter and are not utilized as an environmental tracer. In this paper, water levels and seasonal temperatures are used to estimate hydraulic conductivities in a stream-aquifer system. To demonstrate this method, temperatures and water levels are analyzed from six observation wells along an example study site, the Russian River in Sonoma County, California. The range in seasonal ground water temperatures in these wells varied from <0.2 degrees C in two wells to approximately 8 degrees C in the other four wells from June to October 2000. The temperature probes in the six wells are located at depths between 3.5 and 7.1 m relative to the river channel. Hydraulic conductivities are estimated by matching simulated ground water temperatures to the observed ground water temperatures. An anisotropy of 5 (horizontal to vertical hydraulic conductivity) generally gives the best fit to the observed temperatures. Estimated conductivities vary over an order of magnitude in the six locations analyzed. In some locations, a change in the observed temperature profile occurred during the study, most likely due to deposition of fine-grained sediment and organic matter plugging the streambed. A reasonable fit to this change in the temperature profile is obtained by decreasing the hydraulic conductivity in the simulations. This study demonstrates that seasonal ground water temperatures monitored in observation wells provide an effective means of estimating hydraulic conductivities in alluvial aquifers. JF - Ground water AU - Su, Grace W AU - Jasperse, James AU - Seymour, Donald AU - Constantz, Jim AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. gwsu@lbl.gov PY - 2004 SP - 890 EP - 901 VL - 42 IS - 6-7 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rivers KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Seasons KW - Water Movements KW - Water Supply KW - Temperature KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67155549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+water&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+hydraulic+conductivity+in+an+alluvial+system+using+temperatures.&rft.au=Su%2C+Grace+W%3BJasperse%2C+James%3BSeymour%2C+Donald%3BConstantz%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Grace&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=6-7&rft.spage=890&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-07 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repair of exocyclic DNA adducts: rings of complexity. AN - 67017423; 15499577 AB - Exocyclic DNA adducts are mutagenic lesions that can be formed by both exogenous and endogenous mutagens/carcinogens. These adducts are structurally analogs but can differ in certain features such as ring size, conjugation, planarity and substitution. Although the information on the biological role of the repair activities for these adducts is largely unknown, considerable progress has been made on their reaction mechanisms, substrate specificities and kinetic properties that are affected by adduct structures. At least four different mechanisms appear to have evolved for the removal of specific exocyclic adducts. These include base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, and AP endonuclease-mediated repair. This overview highlights the recent progress in such areas with emphasis on structure-activity relationships. It is also apparent that more information is needed for a better understanding of the biological and structural implications of exocyclic adducts and their repair. JF - BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology AU - Hang, Bo AD - Department of Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Bo_hang@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1195 EP - 1208 VL - 26 IS - 11 SN - 0265-9247, 0265-9247 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Deoxyribonuclease I KW - EC 3.1.21.1 KW - DNA Glycosylases KW - EC 3.2.2.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Deoxyribonuclease I -- metabolism KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - DNA Glycosylases -- metabolism KW - DNA Adducts -- genetics KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67017423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEssays+%3A+news+and+reviews+in+molecular%2C+cellular+and+developmental+biology&rft.atitle=Repair+of+exocyclic+DNA+adducts%3A+rings+of+complexity.&rft.au=Hang%2C+Bo&rft.aulast=Hang&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEssays+%3A+news+and+reviews+in+molecular%2C+cellular+and+developmental+biology&rft.issn=02659247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-12-17 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BNCT dose distribution in liver with epithermal D-D and D-T fusion-based neutron beams. AN - 66789479; 15308157 AB - Recently, a new application of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) treatment has been introduced. Results have indicated that liver tumors can be treated by BNCT after removal of the liver from the body. At Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, compact neutron generators based on (2)H(d,n)(3)He (D-D) or (3)H(t,n)(4)He (D-T) fusion reactions are being developed. Preliminary simulations of the applicability of 2.45 MeV D-D fusion and 14.1 MeV D-T fusion neutrons for in vivo liver tumor BNCT, without removing the liver from the body, have been carried out. MCNP simulations were performed in order to find a moderator configuration for creating a neutron beam of optimal neutron energy and to create a source model for dose calculations with the simulation environment for radiotherapy applications (SERA) treatment planning program. SERA dose calculations were performed in a patient model based on CT scans of the body. The BNCT dose distribution in liver and surrounding healthy organs was calculated with rectangular beam aperture sizes of 20 cm x 20 cm and 25 cm x 25 cm. Collimator thicknesses of 10 and 15 cm were used. The beam strength to obtain a practical treatment time was studied. In this paper, the beam shaping assemblies for D-D and D-T neutron generators and dose calculation results are presented. JF - Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine AU - Koivunoro, H AU - Bleuel, D L AU - Nastasi, U AU - Lou, T P AU - Reijonen, J AU - Leung, K-N AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 5R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. hkoivunoro@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 853 EP - 859 VL - 61 IS - 5 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted KW - Phantoms, Imaging KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Computer Simulation KW - Radiotherapy Dosage KW - Humans KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed KW - Fast Neutrons -- therapeutic use KW - Liver Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Boron Neutron Capture Therapy -- statistics & numerical data KW - Boron Neutron Capture Therapy -- instrumentation KW - Liver Neoplasms -- diagnostic imaging KW - Boron Neutron Capture Therapy -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66789479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+radiation+and+isotopes+%3A+including+data%2C+instrumentation+and+methods+for+use+in+agriculture%2C+industry+and+medicine&rft.atitle=BNCT+dose+distribution+in+liver+with+epithermal+D-D+and+D-T+fusion-based+neutron+beams.&rft.au=Koivunoro%2C+H%3BBleuel%2C+D+L%3BNastasi%2C+U%3BLou%2C+T+P%3BReijonen%2C+J%3BLeung%2C+K-N&rft.aulast=Koivunoro&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+radiation+and+isotopes+%3A+including+data%2C+instrumentation+and+methods+for+use+in+agriculture%2C+industry+and+medicine&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-13 N1 - Date created - 2004-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates of silicate dissolution in deep-sea sediment; in situ measurement using (super 234) U/ (super 238) U of pore fluids AN - 51734572; 2005-026036 AB - Bulk dissolution rates for sediment from ODP Site 984A in the North Atlantic are determined using the (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity ratios of pore water, bulk sediment, and leachates. Site 984A is one of only several sites where closely spaced pore water samples were obtained from the upper 60 meters of the core; the sedimentation rate is high (11-15 cm/ka), hence the sediments in the upper 60 meters are less than 500 ka old. The sediment is clayey silt and composed mostly of detritus derived from Iceland with a significant component of biogenic carbonate (up to 30%).The pore water (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity ratios are higher than seawater values, in the range of 1.2 to 1.6, while the bulk sediment (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity ratios are close to 1.0. The (super 234) U/ (super 238) U of the pore water reflects a balance between the mineral dissolution rate and the supply rate of excess (super 234) U to the pore fluid by alpha -recoil injection of (super 234) Th. The fraction of (super 238) U decays that result in alpha -recoil injection of (super 234) U to pore fluid is estimated to be 0.10 to 0.20 based on the (super 234) U/ (super 238) U of insoluble residue fractions. The calculated bulk dissolution rates, in units of g/g/yr are in the range of 4X10 (super 7) to 2X10 (super 6) yr (super 1) . There is significant down-hole variability in pore water (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity ratios (and hence dissolution rates) on a scale of ca. 10 m. The inferred bulk dissolution rate constants are 100 to 10 (super 4) times slower than laboratory-determined rates, 100 times faster than rates inferred for older sediments based on Sr isotopes, and similar to weathering rates determined for terrestrial soils of similar age. The results of this study suggest that U isotopes can be used to measure in situ dissolution rates in fine-grained clastic materials. The rate estimates for sediments from ODP Site 984 confirm the strong dependence of reactivity on the age of the solid material: the bulk dissolution rate (R (sub d) ) of soils and deep-sea sediments can be approximately described by the expression R (sub d) approximately 0.1 Age (super 1) for ages spanning 1000 to 5X10 (super 8) yr. The age of the material, which encompasses the grain size, surface area, and other chemical factors that contribute to the rate of dissolution, appears to be a much stronger determinant of dissolution rate than any single physical or chemical property of the system. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Maher, Katharine AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Lin, Jo Chiu-Fang Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 4629 EP - 4648 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 68 IS - 22 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - mass spectra KW - Europe KW - recrystallization KW - mineral composition KW - Bjorn Drift KW - Wyville-Thomson Ridge KW - sedimentation rates KW - Iceland-Faeroe Ridge KW - in situ KW - clastic sediments KW - Rockall Trough KW - measurement KW - solid phase KW - models KW - deep-sea sedimentation KW - Reykjanes Ridge KW - mathematical methods KW - uranium KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - North Atlantic KW - Iceland KW - carbonates KW - Rockall Plateau KW - pore water KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - clay KW - isotopes KW - Leg 162 KW - fluid phase KW - solution KW - marine sedimentation KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - ODP Site 984 KW - liquid phase KW - Western Europe KW - isotope ratios KW - sedimentation KW - silt KW - weathering KW - ICP mass spectra KW - metals KW - U-238/U-234 KW - actinides KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51734572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Rates+of+silicate+dissolution+in+deep-sea+sediment%3B+in+situ+measurement+using+%28super+234%29+U%2F+%28super+238%29+U+of+pore+fluids&rft.au=Maher%2C+Katharine%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BLin%2C+Jo+Chiu-Fang&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=Katharine&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=4629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2004.04.024 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 119 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Atlantic Ocean; Bjorn Drift; carbonates; chemical composition; clastic sediments; clay; deep-sea sedimentation; Europe; fluid phase; geochemistry; Iceland; Iceland-Faeroe Ridge; ICP mass spectra; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; Leg 162; liquid phase; marine sedimentation; marine sediments; mass spectra; mathematical methods; measurement; metals; mineral composition; models; North Atlantic; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP Site 984; pore water; radioactive isotopes; recrystallization; Reykjanes Ridge; Rockall Plateau; Rockall Trough; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; sediments; silicates; silt; solid phase; solution; spectra; thermal ionization mass spectra; U-238/U-234; uranium; weathering; Western Europe; Wyville-Thomson Ridge DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.04.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling a thermal seepage laboratory experiment AN - 51702426; 2005-049315 AB - A thermal seepage model has been developed to evaluate the potential for seepage into the waste emplacement drifts at the proposed high-level radioactive materials repository at Yucca Mountain when the rock is at elevated temperature. The coupled-process-model results show that no seepage occurs as long as the temperature at the drift wall is above boiling. This important result has been incorporated into the Total System Performance Assessment of Yucca Mountain. We have applied the same conceptual model to a laboratory heater experiment conducted by the Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses. This experiment involves a fractured-porous rock system, composed of concrete slabs, heated by an electric heater placed in a 0.15 m diameter "drift". A substantial volume of water was released above the boiling zone over a time period of 135 days, giving rise to vaporization around the heat source. In this study, two basic conceptual models, similar to the thermal seepage models used in the Yucca Mountain Project, a dual-permeability model and an active-fracture model, are set up to predict evolution of temperature and saturation at the "drift" crown, and thereby to estimate potential for thermal seepage. Preliminary results from the model show good agreement with temperature profiles as well as with the potential seepage indicated in the lab experiments. These results build confidence in the thermal seepage models used in the Yucca Mountain Project. Different approaches are considered in our conceptual model to implement fracture-matrix interaction. Sensitivity analyses of fracture properties are conducted to help evaluation of uncertainty. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, Yingqi AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 34 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - geologic hazards KW - analog simulation KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - physical models KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - Nevada Test Site KW - laboratory studies KW - water-rock interaction KW - heat sources KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - thermal effects KW - underground disposal KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51702426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Modeling+a+thermal+seepage+laboratory+experiment&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yingqi%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yingqi&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analog simulation; experimental studies; geologic hazards; heat sources; high-level waste; laboratory studies; models; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; Nye County Nevada; physical models; radioactive waste; seepage; temperature; theoretical models; thermal effects; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; water-rock interaction; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of aggregation-based growth on heavy metal sorption and precipitation onto nanoscale iron oxyhydroxides AN - 51670974; 2005-068175 AB - Iron oxyhydroxide minerals are present in many natural systems as dispersed and/or aggregated nanoparticles. However, the processes by which iron oxyhydroxides grow from nanosized to bulk particles are not well understood. Furthermore, the effects of particle size and particle growth on heavy metal sequestration, especially during particle aggregation, may have significant implications for contaminant sequestration and mobility. To study the effects of particle size on metal uptake, a series of iron oxyhydroxide batches ranging from 5-80 nm in average diameter was synthesized using a rapid microwave technique followed by aging in suspension at 90 degrees C. The growth of the nanoparticles under these conditions occurs in two distinct stages: 1) rapid growth from 5-60 nm over the first 4 days followed by 2) slower growth from 60-80 nm over the next 28 days. In conjunction with TEM, XRD, SAXS/WAXS, and EXAFS analysis, these trends suggest that the first stage of growth occurs primarily via oriented aggregation of 5-nm poorly-ordered ferrihydrite-like particles, while the second stage includes ripening-based growth and structural rearrangement into goethite. Selected iron oxyhydroxide nanoparticle suspensions of 5, 25, and 75 nm in effective diameter were then used in batch uptake experiments featuring As(V), Cu(II), Hg(II), and Zn(II), metal(loid) contaminants frequently associated with acid mine drainage systems. EXAFS spectroscopy shows that while metal speciation on the 25- and 75-nm particles is identical, differences in both second-neighbor interatomic distances and coordination numbers indicate changes in the mode of uptake on the smallest 5-nm particles. This is thought to be due to changing proportions of binding sites (e.g., edges, corners) and particle morphology evolution from oblong (10-nm particles) to more tabular/acicular (25- and 75-nm particles) as particle size increases. Macroscopic uptake curves of Hg(II) on the same nanoparticle batches demonstrate that the degree of surface coverage varies as a function of particle size independent of surface area effects, also possibly due to different binding site energies. Nanoparticle aging at 90 degrees C in the presence of the metals shows that Hg(II) and Zn(II) form (co-)precipitates during aging while As(V) and Cu(II) do not. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kim, Christopher S AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 260 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - zinc KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - copper KW - oxyhydroxides KW - arsenic KW - effects KW - crystal growth KW - ferrihydrite KW - TEM data KW - iron KW - microwave methods KW - hydroxides KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - oxides KW - particles KW - heavy metals KW - mercury KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51670974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aggregation-based+growth+on+heavy+metal+sorption+and+precipitation+onto+nanoscale+iron+oxyhydroxides&rft.au=Kim%2C+Christopher+S%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; chemical fractionation; copper; crystal growth; effects; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; heavy metals; hydroxides; iron; iron oxides; mercury; metals; microwave methods; oxides; oxyhydroxides; particles; precipitation; sorption; TEM data; X-ray diffraction data; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Connecting vadose zone nitrate to groundwater contamination at the Hanford Site with stable isotopes AN - 51663452; 2005-073423 AB - The delta (super 15) N and delta (super 18) O of nitrate in de-ionized water leaches of vadose zone core samples are used to identify likely sources of groundwater contamination at the USDOE Hanford Site in south-central Washington. The isotopic compositions of nitrate from undisturbed vadose zone sediments (delta (super 15) N of 4 to 8%, delta (super 18) O of -9 to4%) are consistent with natural soil nitrate from microbialnitrification. The semi-arid climate of Hanford leads to seasonal shifts of 3 to 10 % in the delta (super 18) O values of near surface pore waters, which may have caused the observed range in nitrate delta (super 18) O. Buried caliche layers in the vadose zone have significantly elevated nitrate concentrations (>10x background) with similar delta (super 15) N (0 to 8%) and high delta (super 18) O (18 to 42%) relative to the background soil nitrate. Vadose zone sediments from chemical processing areas at the site also have elevated nitrate levels where concentrated chemical and radioactive wastes leaked from buried tanks or were allowed to infiltrate into the vadose zone through disposal trenches. The isotopic composition of the contaminant nitrate (delta (super 15) N of 10 to 35%, delta (super 18) O of -5 to 5%) was likely imparted by the chemistry used during plutonium recovery processing and is distinct from the background sources. Significant amounts of dilute wastewater were also discharged to the vadose zone in these areas through infiltration ponds. The isotopic compositions of nitrate from 77 groundwater wells have been analyzed. Groundwater samples from undisturbed areas of the site have nitrate isotope compositions similar to background vadose zone nitrate. Samples from groundwater nitrate plumes in the vicinity of the chemical processing areas (concentrations up to 763 mg/L as NO (sub 3) -) have isotopic compositions consistent with a mixture of background soil nitrate and nitrate that has high delta (super 18) O values, such as the nitrate associated with the caliche layers. These data indicate that most of the elevated nitrate concentrations in Hanford groundwater resulted from flushing nitrate out of the vadose zone during low-level wastewater disposal, rather than migration of the high delta (super 15) N vadose zone contamination. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Singeton, Michael J AU - Conrad, Mark AU - Woods, Katharine AU - DePaolo, Donald AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 329 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - caliche KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - waste water KW - plutonium KW - unsaturated zone KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - nitrate ion KW - water pollution KW - soils KW - Washington KW - N-15/N-14 KW - isotope ratios KW - background level KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - O-18/O-16 KW - south-central Washington KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - seasonal variations KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - low-level waste KW - actinides KW - pore water KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51663452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Connecting+vadose+zone+nitrate+to+groundwater+contamination+at+the+Hanford+Site+with+stable+isotopes&rft.au=Singeton%2C+Michael+J%3BConrad%2C+Mark%3BWoods%2C+Katharine%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Singeton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; background level; caliche; cores; ground water; Hanford Site; infiltration; isotope ratios; isotopes; leaching; low-level waste; metals; N-15/N-14; nitrate ion; nitrogen; O-18/O-16; oxygen; plutonium; pollution; pore water; seasonal variations; soils; south-central Washington; stable isotopes; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; waste water; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport and biogeochemical reaction of metals in a physically and chemically heterogeneous aquifer AN - 51660821; 2005-073399 AB - Biologically-mediated reductive dissolution and precipitation of metals and radionuclides play a key role in their subsurface transport. Physical and chemical properties of natural aquifer systems, such as reactive iron oxide surface area and hydraulic conductivity, are often highly heterogeneous in complex ways that can exert significant control on transport, natural attenuation, and active remediation processes. Typically, however, few data on the detailed distribution of these properties are available for incorporation into predictive models. In this study, we integrate field-scale geophysical, hydrologic, and geochemical data from a well-characterized site with the results of laboratory batch reaction studies to formulate numerical models of reactive transport in a heterogeneous granular aquifer. The models incorporate several levels of coupling, including effects of ferrous iron sorption onto (and associated reduction of reactive surface area of) ferric iron surfaces, microbial growth and transport dynamics, and cross-correlation between hydraulic conductivity and initial ferric iron surface area. These models are then used to evaluate the impacts of physical and chemical heterogeneity on transport of trace levels of uranium under natural conditions, as well as the effectiveness of uranium reduction and immobilization upon introduction of a soluble electron donor (a potential biostimulation remedial strategy). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Roden, Eric E AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Chien, Yi-Ju AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Xie, Yulong AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 325 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - iron oxides KW - isotopes KW - solution KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - ferric iron KW - radioactive isotopes KW - granular materials KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - water pollution KW - processes KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - ferrous iron KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - uranium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51660821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Transport+and+biogeochemical+reaction+of+metals+in+a+physically+and+chemically+heterogeneous+aquifer&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BRoden%2C+Eric+E%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BChien%2C+Yi-Ju%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BXie%2C+Yulong%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; biochemistry; chemical properties; chemical reactions; ferric iron; ferrous iron; granular materials; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; iron; iron oxides; isotopes; metals; oxides; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; processes; radioactive isotopes; reduction; remediation; solution; spatial distribution; transport; uranium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating field-scale soil hydraulic properties through joint inversion of cross-borehole GPR travel times and hydrological measurements AN - 51658786; 2005-073305 AB - Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements are highly sensitive to transient and non-uniform water distributions. Although GPR travel times are ideal for inclusion in inverse methods that allow for estimation of soil hydraulic parameters, this field of research is at an early stage of development. In the present work, multiple-offset cross-borehole GPR travel times and additional hydrological measurements are used jointly to estimate field-scale soil hydraulic parameters through inversion. The current implementation of our approach allows not only for estimation of the soil hydraulic parameters, but also for estimation of the petrophysical model (in this case, the constitutive model relating the dielectric constant to the porosity and water saturation) and the spatial correlation model of permeability. The usefulness of the approach must be examined for any particular application of interest, because many factors, including flow conditions and measurement configurations, affect parameter sensitivity. We choose to examine the scenario of a point injection of water and the simultaneous collection of nearby borehole measurements. In a 2-D synthetic example, we see that small errors in the petrophysical model result in substantial errors in estimates of the uniform soil hydraulic parameters. This finding is of particular relevance, since in many GPR applications a universal petrophysical model (i.e., non-site-specific) is assumed, or a field-scale model is implemented despite its having been derived at laboratory scale. However, adverse effects from incorrect or unknown petrophysical models are shown to be alleviated by jointly estimating the petrophysical model with the soil hydraulic parameters. Additionally, we consider an example with a heterogeneous permeability distribution, and explore the possibility of estimating its spatial correlation model. Finally, the approach is applied in a 3-D setting to real field data collected at the Hanford DOE site in Washington. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kowalsky, Michael B AU - Finsterle, Stefan A AU - Peterson, John E AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Rubin, Yoram AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Ward, Anderson L AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 310 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - crosshole methods KW - radar methods KW - Hanford Site KW - inverse problem KW - elastic waves KW - properties KW - physical models KW - two-dimensional models KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - errors KW - traveltime KW - applications KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51658786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Estimating+field-scale+soil+hydraulic+properties+through+joint+inversion+of+cross-borehole+GPR+travel+times+and+hydrological+measurements&rft.au=Kowalsky%2C+Michael+B%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan+A%3BPeterson%2C+John+E%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BRubin%2C+Yoram%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BWard%2C+Anderson+L%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kowalsky&rft.aufirst=Valeri&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2144336 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; crosshole methods; elastic waves; errors; experimental studies; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; Hanford Site; inverse problem; laboratory studies; measurement; permeability; physical models; properties; radar methods; soils; traveltime; two-dimensional models; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating aquitards in leaky aquifers AN - 51640165; 2006-003799 AB - Conventional methods of analyzing leaky aquifers usually rely on drawdown data from the pumped aquifer alone. When there is sufficient leakage from an overlying, and/or, underlying aquitard into the pumped aquifer, the curve of drawdown data will usually fall below the Theis curve. Hantush and Jacob (1955) developed their well known r/B solution that has been widely used to analyze this situation. However, they did not consider the effects of storativity, and in a later paper, Hantush (1960) presented a modified solution to include this factor. For some particular problems, such an approach is not sufficient to characterize a leaky system. Is the leakage coming only from the aquitard above the pumped aquifer, or is there some leakage from below? Furthermore, if the system is only slightly leaky and the pump test does not last long enough, the interpretation of the results may end up with r/B=0, meaning no leakage, when there may actually be significant leakage. In his thesis research at Berkeley, Neuman (1966) developed a new solution for the transient behavior of an aquifer with a leaky aquitard that has been of considerable assistance on this problem. The method requires observation wells to be placed not only in the aquifer being pumped, but also in the confining layers (aquitards) above or below, depending on the nature of the problem. The ratio of the drawdown in the aquitard to that measured in the aquifer at the same time and the same radial distance from the pumping well can be used to evaluate the hydraulic properties of the aquitard. The new method is supported by theory and has been applied to a variety of field problems such as the evaluation of: a coastal groundwater basin in California, the tightness of an aquitard (caprock) overlying an aquifer that was being considered for underground storage of natural gas in Illinois, and the potential for inflows of water through an aquitard at the base of an open pit mine. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Witherspoon, Paul A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 466 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - mining KW - Illinois KW - solutions KW - surface mining KW - pumping KW - gas storage KW - storage coefficient KW - aquitards KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - evaluation KW - aquifers KW - California KW - drawdown KW - mining geology KW - open-pit mining KW - interpretation KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51640165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Evaluating+aquitards+in+leaky+aquifers&rft.au=Witherspoon%2C+Paul+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Witherspoon&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aquitards; California; drawdown; evaluation; gas storage; ground water; Illinois; interpretation; mining; mining geology; open-pit mining; pumping; seepage; solutions; storage coefficient; surface mining; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mantle source for CO2-rich springs in the Southwestern U.S.; links between mantle tomography, neotectonics and water quality AN - 51619244; 2006-022006 AB - The Southwestern U.S. has CO2-rich thermal springs, cool springs, and gas fields. Based on studies in Grand Canyon and Rio Grande Rift, these are hypothesized to be linked to deeply circulating fluids associated with extensional tectonics, magmatism and mantle degassing. CO2-rich springs are close to tectonic features such as the Walker Lane, Cenozoic normal faults, St George volcanic trend, Jemez lineament, and Rio Grande Rift. Springs are commonly located along basement penetrating faults, are found with accumulations of Quaternary travertine and are often associated with Quaternary basalts and low mantle velocity zones. Aqueous and gas-phase geochemical tracers can be used to identify possible origins of spring waters. Grand Canyon and Rio Grande rift waters are characterized by T < 25 degrees C, pH from 6 to 9, conductivity from 500-50,000 mu S, and alkalinity from 300-3000 ppm. Waters range from Ca-Mg-HCO3 to Na-Cl-SO4 type, deposit travertine, and are characterized by salts with Cl/Br (wt/wt) from 4-4000. delta (super 18) O values cluster between -14 to -9 % SMOW, and range as heavy as -5 %. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio of representative springs range between 0.7106 and 0.7342. The dissolved gases moving with the spring waters are CO2-rich, ranging up to 99% of the dry gas (water-free); some have He far in excess of atmospheric levels. N2/CO2 and N2/He range from 0.003-10 and 7-10,000, respectively, suggesting that the gases are influenced by magma and mantle degassing. 3He/4He ratios indicate components of mantle 3He ranging from R/Ra of 6 (Walker Lane) to 0.2 (Grand Canyon). These data provide an unexpected link between neotectonics and water quality. Colorado River and Rio Grande salinity increases downstream. Prior explanations used agricultural impacts, and water exchange with marine deposits. However, the range of Cl/Br values is greater than what can be explained by meteoric water evaporation and rock-water interactions with marine deposits, thus requiring the input of basin or crustal brines. delta (super 18) O indicates mixing between meteoric and formation waters/brines. 87Sr/86Sr values require water exchange with basement rocks. Improved understanding of the Western U.S. surface and ground water system requires characterization of the chemistry, distribution, and volume of mantle-derived gases traveling with deeply circulated waters. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Newell, Dennis L AU - Crossey, Laura J AU - Fischer, Tobias P AU - Karlstrom, Karl E AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 509 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - water quality KW - isotopes KW - mantle KW - Walker Lane KW - New Mexico KW - salinity KW - extension tectonics KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - Rio Grande Rift KW - Grand Canyon KW - Cenozoic KW - neotectonics KW - conductivity KW - Western U.S. KW - normal faults KW - tracers KW - springs KW - tectonics KW - pH KW - faults KW - degassing KW - North America KW - meteoric water KW - alkaline earth metals KW - isotope ratios KW - magmatism KW - Southwestern U.S. KW - thermal waters KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - evaporation KW - metals KW - Jemez Lineament KW - strontium KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51619244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Mantle+source+for+CO2-rich+springs+in+the+Southwestern+U.S.%3B+links+between+mantle+tomography%2C+neotectonics+and+water+quality&rft.au=Newell%2C+Dennis+L%3BCrossey%2C+Laura+J%3BFischer%2C+Tobias+P%3BKarlstrom%2C+Karl+E%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newell&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; conductivity; degassing; evaporation; extension tectonics; faults; Grand Canyon; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jemez Lineament; magmatism; mantle; metals; meteoric water; neotectonics; New Mexico; normal faults; North America; pH; Rio Grande Rift; salinity; Southwestern U.S.; springs; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; tectonics; temperature; thermal waters; tomography; tracers; United States; Walker Lane; water quality; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of a reverse fault on microcrack and permeability anisotropy in granite, Tono area, central Japan AN - 51608597; 2006-028914 AB - Brittle deformation in granite generates a fracture system with different patterns. In fault zones, fracture connectivity is perhaps the most important factor that controls fluid permeability. To understand the relationship between deformation and permeability in granite affected by high angle reverse fault, we performed fracture analysis and permeability measurements in drill core samples from the Toki Granite in Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. Detailed fracture analyses at both macroscopic and microscopic scales, together with characterization of drill-core physical properties, are performed in four different domains in the granite: (1) undeformed granite, (2) fractured granite with cataclastic seams, (3) fractured granite from the damage zone, and (4) foliated cataclasite from the core of the fault. Intact samples of these four domains, taken from horizontal and vertical orientations, show developing fracture anisotropy toward the fault, especially in the damage zone. Microstructural observations suggest that fragmentation of crystals results in grain-size reduction within the fault zone and anisotropy in microcrack development within the damage zone. Bulk porosity varies from 0.54% for unaltered fresh granite to over 5.4% for foliated cataclasite from the central part of the fault zone. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) technique is applied to visualize the fracture anisotropy developed in resin-impregnated samples. Microcracks under CLSM were mainly observed along grain boundaries, mineral cleavage, and intragranular fractures. CLSM visualize network-type microcracks in horizontal sections and elongated open-type microcracks in vertical sections. Permeability measurements were performed using pore oscillation technique with nitrogen gas as a pore fluid. Confining pressure varied from 25 to 200 MPa with, pore pressure kept around 20 MPa. High permeability values were obtained in horizontal sections along network microcracks, values that were one to two orders of magnitude higher than for vertical sections. The findings suggest that network microcracks in the horizontal sections enhance permeability by means of higher connectivity and lower sensitivity to effective confining pressure. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Onishi, Celia Tiemi AU - Shimizu, Ichiko AU - Mizoguchi, Kazuo AU - Uehara, Shin-ichi AU - Shimamoto, Toshihiko AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 428 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - Far East KW - microcracks KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - central Japan KW - reverse faults KW - cores KW - fractures KW - controls KW - plutonic rocks KW - Asia KW - confining pressure KW - cleavage KW - faults KW - orientation KW - cataclasis KW - Tono Japan KW - patterns KW - structural analysis KW - connectivity KW - effects KW - measurement KW - high-angle faults KW - physical properties KW - cracks KW - Toki Granite KW - foliation KW - Honshu KW - Gifu Japan KW - permeability KW - Japan KW - anisotropy KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51608597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+a+reverse+fault+on+microcrack+and+permeability+anisotropy+in+granite%2C+Tono+area%2C+central+Japan&rft.au=Onishi%2C+Celia+Tiemi%3BShimizu%2C+Ichiko%3BMizoguchi%2C+Kazuo%3BUehara%2C+Shin-ichi%3BShimamoto%2C+Toshihiko%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Onishi&rft.aufirst=Celia&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; Asia; cataclasis; central Japan; cleavage; confining pressure; connectivity; controls; cores; cracks; effects; Far East; faults; foliation; fractures; Gifu Japan; granites; high-angle faults; Honshu; igneous rocks; Japan; measurement; microcracks; orientation; patterns; permeability; physical properties; plutonic rocks; reverse faults; structural analysis; Toki Granite; Tono Japan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow regimes on smooth fracture surface replica AN - 51584980; 2006-045777 AB - Recent flow visualization experiments and conceptual modeling efforts enabled identification of several distinct flow regimes in unsaturated individual fractures subjected to different initial and boundary conditions. Delineation of these dissimilar flow regimes is an essential step in the development of a self-consistent conceptual model of flow for single fractures. This study is concerned with flow on relatively smooth fracture surfaces. We present theoretical constraints for the existence of some important flow regimes in idealized smooth fracture surfaces. The flow regimes considered, in the order of increasing flow rate, are: flow of adsorbed film, sliding drops, rivulet flow, stable film flow, and wavy film flow. These theoretical analyses are corroborated with observations from flow visualization experiments. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ghezzehei, Teamrat A AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 392 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - models KW - visualization KW - fractures KW - experimental studies KW - identification KW - movement KW - rates KW - adsorption KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51584980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Flow+regimes+on+smooth+fracture+surface+replica&rft.au=Ghezzehei%2C+Teamrat+A%3BSalve%2C+Rohit%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ghezzehei&rft.aufirst=Teamrat&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=392&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; experimental studies; fractures; ground water; identification; models; movement; rates; visualization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling study of the temporal damping effect in unsaturated fractured rock of Yucca Mountain AN - 51584507; 2006-045776 AB - Performance assessment of the Yucca Mountain unsaturated zone as an underground repository of radioactive waste is based on a crucial assumption that physical processes in the unsaturated zone can be approximated as a steady-state condition. Justification of such an assumption relies on temporal damping effects of certain geological units within the unsaturated formation. In particular, the nonwelded tuff of the Painbrush Group (PTn unit) at Yucca Mountain, due to its highly porous physical properties, has been conceptualized to have significant capacity for temporally damping transient percolation fluxes (Wu et al., 2000). Spatially and temporally variable infiltration pulses can rapidly flow through the top layers of highly fractured tuffs (Tiva Canyon welded, TCw unit). At the TCw-PTn interface, welded tuffs grade sharply into nonwelded tuffs. The PTn unit attenuates the episodic infiltration flux significantly, such that the net episodic surface infiltration, once crossing the PTn, can be approximated as steady state. In this study, we use a three-dimensional mountain-scale model (with over a million grid-blocks) to examine the changes of percolation flux in space and time. The damping effect of the PTn unit is investigated through model simulation, and the hydrogeological conditions required to achieve the effective damping are analyzed. The 3-D model incorporates a wide variety of field data for the highly heterogeneous formation at Yucca Mountain. Fracture and matrix flow is treated using a dual-permeability modeling approach. The model is first run to steady state and calibrated using field-measured data. Then, pulse infiltrations are applied to the top boundary. Infiltration pulses are assumed to be present-day mean infiltration, with a one-week infiltration cycle for every 50 years, i.e., the model's top boundary is subject to nonzero infiltration (with a pulse of 2609 times of present-day mean infiltration) for only one week every 50 years. Additionally, the model with non-infiltration boundary conditions is also run for 2000 years to examine the percolation flux attenuation with time at the PTn bottom. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 392 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - fractured materials KW - cycles KW - three-dimensional models KW - unsaturated zone KW - calibration KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - boundary conditions KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - infiltration KW - movement KW - percolation KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - Paintbrush Tuff KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51584507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Modeling+study+of+the+temporal+damping+effect+in+unsaturated+fractured+rock+of+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Keni%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BPan%2C+Lehua%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Keni&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=392&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; calibration; Cenozoic; cycles; fractured materials; hydrology; infiltration; Miocene; models; movement; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; Paintbrush Tuff; percolation; processes; radioactive waste; Tertiary; three-dimensional models; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrical response of flow, diffusion, and advection in a laboratory sand box AN - 51134706; 2005-062223 AB - Self-potential monitoring (SPM) is one of the most promising geophysical methods for hydrologic applications, since any change in subsurface water flow, chemistry, or thermodynamics can induce an electrical response. However, major difficulties may arise because different couplings (e.g., electrokinetics and electrodiffusion) can occur simultaneously. We performed laboratory experiments to isolate the electric response of flow during conditions of constant composition, of ionic diffusion of NaCl in stagnant fluid, and of advective transport of NaCl and KCl. For this purpose, fluid flow and/or salt diffusion were generated in a rectangular sand box, and the resulting electric potential differences were measured between custom-made, small, unpolarizable electrodes. In pure electrokinetic experiments (i.e., flow of water with constant salinity), the electric signal was proportional to the hydraulic gradient and to the salinity, in agreement with previous experimental and theoretical results. The other experiments showed that diffusive and advective transport of salt (i.e., in stagnant and flowing fluid conditions, respectively) can generate significant electric potential differences. Monitoring these potential differences allows determination of the motion of the concentration front in the sand box. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Maineult, Alexis AU - Barnabe, Yves AU - Ackerer, Philippe A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1180 EP - 1192 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - hydraulic potential KW - halogens KW - unsaturated zone KW - salinity KW - electric potential KW - physical models KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - chloride ion KW - movement KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - geochemistry KW - chlorine KW - sand KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - electrical properties KW - diffusion KW - monitoring KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - alkali metals KW - sodium KW - advection KW - hydrochemistry KW - electrokinetics KW - measurement KW - self-potential methods KW - metals KW - potassium KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Electrical+response+of+flow%2C+diffusion%2C+and+advection+in+a+laboratory+sand+box&rft.au=Maineult%2C+Alexis%3BBarnabe%2C+Yves%3BAckerer%2C+Philippe&rft.aulast=Maineult&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; alkali metals; chloride ion; chlorine; clastic sediments; concentration; diffusion; electric potential; electrical methods; electrical properties; electrokinetics; experimental studies; geochemistry; geophysical methods; halogens; hydraulic potential; hydrochemistry; hydrodynamics; laboratory studies; measurement; metals; monitoring; movement; physical models; potassium; salinity; sand; sediments; self-potential methods; sodium; transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring the soil water content profile of a sandy soil with an off-ground monostatic ground penetrating radar AN - 51134684; 2005-062212 AB - We explore the possibility of measuring a continuously variable soil moisture profile by inversion of a ground penetrating radar (GPR) signal. Synthetic experiments were conducted to demonstrate the well-posedness of the inverse problem for the specific case of identifying a soil moisture profile in hydrostatic equilibrium with a water table. In this case, the profile agrees with the water retention curve of the soil. The analysis subsequently extends to an actual case study in controlled outdoor conditions on a large tank filled with sand. Due to the presence of a discontinuity in the actual dielectric profile, inversion of the continuous model (Model 1) led to poor results. Only the surface soil moisture was well estimated. Including the observed discontinuity in the model (Model 2) led to a good estimation of the water content profile. Finally, we observed that the surface water content can be accurately estimated using a simplified three-layer model (Model 3). Generally, the observed confidence intervals on the estimated parameters are large, which denotes a lack of model sensitivity to the soil parameters. We attributed the low sensitivity to the high operating frequency range. Lower frequencies would have been required to obtain more information from the larger depths. Nevertheless, high frequencies allowed for an accurate estimation of the surface soil moisture, which offers particularly promising perspectives in humanitarian demining and agricultural applications. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Lambot, S AU - Rhebergen, J AU - van den Bosch, I AU - Slob, E C AU - Vanclooster, M A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1063 EP - 1071 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - electrical conductivity KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - unsaturated zone KW - Green function KW - physical models KW - layered materials KW - hydrologic cycle KW - dielectric properties KW - sediments KW - applications KW - water KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - inverse problem KW - measurement KW - remote sensing KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Measuring+the+soil+water+content+profile+of+a+sandy+soil+with+an+off-ground+monostatic+ground+penetrating+radar&rft.au=Lambot%2C+S%3BRhebergen%2C+J%3Bvan+den+Bosch%2C+I%3BSlob%2C+E+C%3BVanclooster%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lambot&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1063&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 25, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; clastic sediments; dielectric properties; electrical conductivity; experimental studies; geophysical methods; Green function; ground-penetrating radar; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; inverse problem; layered materials; measurement; moisture; numerical models; physical models; radar methods; remote sensing; sand; sediments; soils; three-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sandbox experiment of self-potential signals associated with a pumping test AN - 51134411; 2005-062224 AB - The flow of water in a charged porous material is the source of an electrical field called the streaming potential. The origin of this coupling is associated with the drag of the excess of charge contained in the vicinity of the pore-water interface by the pore fluid flow. In this paper, we present a sandbox experiment to study this "hydroelectric" coupling in the case of a pumping test. A relatively thin Plexiglas tank was filled with homogeneous sand and then infiltrated with tapwater. A pumping test experiment was performed in the middle of the tank with a peristaltic pump. The resulting electrical potential distribution was measured passively at the top of the tank with a network of 27 nonpolarizable electrodes related to a digital multichannel multimeter plus an additional electrode used as a reference. A detectable electrical field was produced at the ground surface and analyzed with analytical solutions of the coupled hydroelectric problem. After the shutdown of the pump, the electrical potential and the piezometric level exhibit similar relaxation times in the vicinity of the pumping well. This means that the electrical potential measured at the ground surface can be used to track the flow of the groundwater and possibly to invert the distribution of the hydraulic transmissivity of the ground. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Suski, B AU - Rizzo, E AU - Revil, A A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1193 EP - 1199 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - silicates KW - hydraulics KW - silica minerals KW - pumping KW - unsaturated zone KW - physical models KW - ground water KW - pump tests KW - laboratory studies KW - saturated zone KW - levels KW - sediments KW - framework silicates KW - diffusivity KW - water KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - porous materials KW - electrokinetics KW - two-dimensional models KW - self-potential methods KW - quartz KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - sandbox models KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+sandbox+experiment+of+self-potential+signals+associated+with+a+pumping+test&rft.au=Suski%2C+B%3BRizzo%2C+E%3BRevil%2C+A&rft.aulast=Suski&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix; accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; diffusivity; electrical methods; electrokinetics; experimental studies; framework silicates; geophysical methods; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydraulics; hydrology; laboratory studies; levels; physical models; porous materials; pump tests; pumping; quartz; sand; sandbox models; saturated zone; sediments; self-potential methods; silica minerals; silicates; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-domain reflectometry probe for water content and electrical conductivity measurements in saline porous media AN - 51134352; 2005-062219 AB - A new coated time-domain reflectometry (TDR) probe design is described and evaluated. In contrast to previous coated TDR probes, our probe may be used to measure both the dielectric constant (Ka) and bulk electrical conductivity (sigma a) in saline porous media. This was made possible by attaching two coaxial cables to a 0.27-m three-rod probe with a coated central rod. The shield of the first cable was connected to one of the outer rods and the conductor was connected to the coated central rod. The conductor and shield of the other coaxial cable were connected to each of the two outer rods, respectively. Thus, our probe consists of two unbalanced, two-rod probes. The probe is called coated-uncoated probe (CUP). Four prototypes with two different coating materials (i.e., polyolefin and kynar heat-shrink tubes) were evaluated. The probes were calibrated in several fluids having different Ka and sigma a. The Ka measurement of the coated part of the probe was successfully fitted to target Ka using a two-phase dielectric mixing model. Due to signal attenuation, measurements of Ka were not possible for sigma a higher than 9 dS m-1 for the polyolefin-coated probes whereas the upper limits for the kynar-coated probes and the uncoated probe were 5 and 2.5 dS m-1, respectively. Measurements of sigma a are only possible with the uncoated part. Measurements of Ka and sigma a were also taken during three upward infiltration experiments in sand using soil solution electrical conductivities of 0.01, 6.31, and 12.03 dS m-1. For the uncoated part, Ka could not be measured when sigma a was higher than about 2 dS m-1, whereas Ka measurements were possible using the coated part even when {sigma}a was 3 dS m-1. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Persson, Magnus AU - Bendz, David AU - Flyhammer, Peter A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1146 EP - 1151 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - hydrology KW - electrical conductivity KW - moisture KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - porous materials KW - calibration KW - salinity KW - dielectric constant KW - coated probes KW - applications KW - time domain reflectometry KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Time-domain+reflectometry+probe+for+water+content+and+electrical+conductivity+measurements+in+saline+porous+media&rft.au=Persson%2C+Magnus%3BBendz%2C+David%3BFlyhammer%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Persson&rft.aufirst=Magnus&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; calibration; coated probes; dielectric constant; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; geophysical methods; hydrology; instruments; moisture; porous materials; salinity; time domain reflectometry; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging of water content distributions inside a lysimeter using GPR tomography AN - 51133818; 2005-062216 AB - In a study to investigate water content distributions inside a lysimeter in a noninvasive manner, we used ground penetrating radar (GPR) tomography. Our main objective was to evaluate the temporal changes and spatial distributions of the volumetric water content after a short but intensive irrigation of part of the lysimeter. High frequency GPR antennas of 1-GHz nominal frequency were used because of the small spatial dimensions of the investigated lysimeter (cylinder of 1.5-m height and 1.2-m diameter) and the desired spatial resolution in the range of decimeters. To ensure a relatively steady distribution of water inside the lysimeter for the time-consuming tomographic survey, simple parallel transmission measurements were used to track the water dynamics. Water contents and water content changes were calculated by means of a mixing formula describing the relation between electromagnetic wave propagation velocity and the water content. The transmission measurements indicate a diffusive process following the irrigation for a duration of several hours. The tomographic measurements clearly show the area of increased water content associated with the irrigation. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Schmalholz, Juergen AU - Stoffregen, Heiner AU - Kemna, Andreas AU - Yaramanci, Uger A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1106 EP - 1115 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - water KW - tomography KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - REFLEX computer program KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - inverse problem KW - temperature KW - irrigation KW - hydrologic cycle KW - dielectric properties KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - applications KW - lysimeters KW - image analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Imaging+of+water+content+distributions+inside+a+lysimeter+using+GPR+tomography&rft.au=Schmalholz%2C+Juergen%3BStoffregen%2C+Heiner%3BKemna%2C+Andreas%3BYaramanci%2C+Uger&rft.aulast=Schmalholz&rft.aufirst=Juergen&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; clastic sediments; dielectric properties; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; image analysis; inverse problem; irrigation; lysimeters; moisture; radar methods; REFLEX computer program; sand; sediments; temperature; tomography; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vertical radar profiles for the characterization of deep vadose zones AN - 51133769; 2005-062215 AB - The deep vadose zone, down to a few tens of meters below the soil surface, is difficult to investigate and characterize, especially from a hydraulic point of view. We present a method well suited for this purpose, that makes use of a radar transmitting antenna at the surface and a radar receiving antenna deployed in a plastic-cased borehole. The technique is often referred to as vertical radar profiling (VRP). Vertical radar profiling yields information on (i) the distribution of radar velocity as a function of depth, from which moisture content distributions can be inferred, and (ii) the presence of reflecting horizons within the formation, often associated with lithological contacts. High-resolution, time-lapse VRPs were acquired from October 2002 to December 2003 at a contaminated site in Trecate, Northern Italy, from several existing boreholes originally installed for monitoring and remediation, with the aim of characterizing the dynamic hydrologic behavior of the deep vadose zone. We discuss data acquisition, processing, and inversion of these VRP data to derive moisture content profiles as a function of time. The VRP-derived moisture content profiles were used to calibrate a dynamic Richards' equation model via a Monte Carlo inversion approach. In this way, it was possible to identify the value of subsurface hydraulic parameters, in particular hydraulic conductivity, of the main lithological units, and the parameters' uncertainty. The location of lithology contacts was derived via analysis of up-going radar reflection events contained in the same VRP data. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Cassiani, Giorgio AU - Strobbia, Claudio AU - Gallotti, Laura A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1093 EP - 1105 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - geophysical surveys KW - vertical radar profiles KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - Europe KW - gravel KW - Po Valley KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - ground water KW - hydrologic cycle KW - Richards equation KW - time-lapse methods KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - applications KW - HYDRUS KW - water KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - high-resolution methods KW - clastic sediments KW - Trecate Italy KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - inverse problem KW - direct problem KW - depth KW - boundary conditions KW - Piemonte Italy KW - aquifers KW - lithofacies KW - boreholes KW - alluvium aquifers KW - infiltration KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Vertical+radar+profiles+for+the+characterization+of+deep+vadose+zones&rft.au=Cassiani%2C+Giorgio%3BStrobbia%2C+Claudio%3BGallotti%2C+Laura&rft.aulast=Cassiani&rft.aufirst=Giorgio&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1093&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; applications; aquifers; boreholes; boundary conditions; clastic sediments; depth; direct problem; electromagnetic methods; Europe; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; gravel; ground water; high-resolution methods; hydraulic conductivity; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; HYDRUS; infiltration; inverse problem; Italy; lithofacies; moisture; Monte Carlo analysis; Piemonte Italy; Po Valley; radar methods; Richards equation; sand; sediments; Southern Europe; statistical analysis; surveys; time-lapse methods; Trecate Italy; unsaturated zone; vertical radar profiles; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization of ERT surveys for monitoring transient hydrological events using perturbation sensivity and genetic algorithms AN - 51133595; 2005-062228 AB - A simple yet powerful algorithm is presented for the optimal allocation of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) electrodes to maximize measurement quality. The algorithm makes use of a definition of the sensitivity of an ERT array to a series of subsurface perturbations. An objective function that maximizes the average sensitivity of a survey comprised of a large number of arrays is defined. A simple genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal ERT survey if there is a limited time allowed for survey. We further show that this approach allows for user definition of the sensitivity distribution within the targeted area. Results show clear improvement in the sensitivity distribution. The total sensitivity of the optimized survey compared with typically used surveys composed of one array type. This improved sensitivity will allow for more accurate monitoring of static and transient vadose zone processes. Furthermore, the algorithm presented may be fast enough to allow for real-time optimization during time-lapse surveys. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Furman, Alex AU - Ferre, Ty P A AU - Warrick, Art W A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1230 EP - 1239 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - tomography KW - electrical conductivity KW - monitoring KW - genetic algorithms KW - unsteady flow KW - surface water KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - optimization KW - resistivity KW - variations KW - two-dimensional models KW - transient phenomena KW - sensitivity analysis KW - algorithms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+ERT+surveys+for+monitoring+transient+hydrological+events+using+perturbation+sensivity+and+genetic+algorithms&rft.au=Furman%2C+Alex%3BFerre%2C+Ty+P+A%3BWarrick%2C+Art+W&rft.aulast=Furman&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; genetic algorithms; geophysical methods; monitoring; optimization; resistivity; sensitivity analysis; surface water; tomography; transient phenomena; two-dimensional models; unsteady flow; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A single-rod probe for time domain reflectometry measurements of the water content AN - 51133563; 2005-062220 AB - Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is an increasingly popular method for measuring the water content theta . As opposed to most or all previous studies, in this study we investigated a TDR probe that employs only one single metallic rod for measuring theta . The probe is based on the concept of a Sommerfeld wire. The electromagnetic behavior of the probe is analyzed and experimental results are presented that provide evidence of the probe's applicability and its working principles. Dielectric properties, and hence water contents, obtained with the single rod probe were compared with those of a standard two-wire TDR probe, and with gravimetrically determined water contents. Additionally, we calculated the probe's region of influence (RoI), which was considerably larger than that of standard two-wire probes. We also tested the RoI experimentally. The new probe is easier to install, robust, and has a larger sphere of influence over which the dielectric permittivity distribution is averaged. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Oswald, Benedikt AU - Benedickter, H R AU - Baechtold, W AU - Fluehler, H A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1152 EP - 1159 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - water KW - hydrology KW - transverse isotropy KW - moisture KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - geostatistics KW - elastic waves KW - measurement KW - attenuation KW - dielectric properties KW - traveltime KW - electromagnetic methods KW - time domain reflectometry KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+single-rod+probe+for+time+domain+reflectometry+measurements+of+the+water+content&rft.au=Oswald%2C+Benedikt%3BBenedickter%2C+H+R%3BBaechtold%2C+W%3BFluehler%2C+H&rft.aulast=Oswald&rft.aufirst=Benedikt&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix; accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; dielectric properties; elastic waves; electrical methods; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geostatistics; hydrology; instruments; measurement; moisture; statistical analysis; time domain reflectometry; transverse isotropy; traveltime; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radar detection of buried landmines in field soils AN - 51133528; 2005-062217 AB - The contrast in the dielectric constant between a landmine and the surrounding soil is one of the most important parameters to be considered when using ground penetrating radar (GPR) for landmine detection. For most geologic materials the dielectric constant lies within a range of 3 to 30, with dry sand at the lower end of this range at about 3 to 5. Nonmetallic antitank landmines have dielectric constants within a range of about 3 to 10 depending on their composition. A model was developed to predict whether or not field conditions are appropriate for use of GPR instruments. The predictions of this model were validated using GPR profiles in field soils with different soil textures at various soil water contents. Model predictions and field measurements provide convincing evidence that increasing the soil water content around a nonmetallic landmine can improve detection in sand and silt soils. However, data for the clay soils suggest that under elevated soil water conditions detection of nonmetallic landmines are not improved; instead radar images in these soils become worse with increasing soil water content. Data suggest that detection of metallic landmines also degrades with increasing soil water content in sandy soils. The field data are in agreement with the model predictions. Our experimental and model results demonstrate the great potential and the pitfalls of landmine sensors based on GPR. Knowledge of soil texture, dry bulk density, and water content are necessary to determine or predict whether soil conditions are suitable or not for GPR mine detection. The model presented here can be useful for making this determination. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Miller, T W AU - Hendrickx, Jan M H AU - Borchers, B A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1116 EP - 1127 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - Socorro County New Mexico KW - unsaturated zone KW - New Mexico KW - Socorro New Mexico KW - attenuation KW - size distribution KW - land mines KW - military geology KW - Yuma County Arizona KW - sediments KW - water KW - soils KW - sand KW - MATLAB KW - nonmetals KW - Yuma Proving Ground KW - clastic sediments KW - grain size KW - geophysical methods KW - Yuma Arizona KW - radar methods KW - silt KW - mathematical models KW - detection KW - metals KW - Arizona KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Radar+detection+of+buried+landmines+in+field+soils&rft.au=Miller%2C+T+W%3BHendrickx%2C+Jan+M+H%3BBorchers%2C+B&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arizona; attenuation; clastic sediments; detection; field studies; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; grain size; ground-penetrating radar; land mines; mathematical models; MATLAB; metals; military geology; moisture; New Mexico; nonmetals; radar methods; sand; sediments; silt; size distribution; Socorro County New Mexico; Socorro New Mexico; soils; surveys; United States; unsaturated zone; water; Yuma Arizona; Yuma County Arizona; Yuma Proving Ground ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Obtaining the spatial distribution of water content along a TDR probe using the SCEM-UA Bayesian inverse modeling scheme AN - 51133304; 2005-062218 AB - Time domain reflectometry (TDR) has become one of the standard methods for the measurement of the temporal and spatial distribution of water saturation in soils. Current waveform analysis methodology gives a measurement of the average water content along the length of the TDR probe. Close inspection of TDR waveforms shows that heterogeneity in water content along the probe can be seen in the TDR waveform. We present a comprehensive approach to TDR waveform analysis that gives a quantitative estimate of the dielectric permittivity profile along the length of the probe and, therefore, the distribution of water content. The approach is based on the combination of a multisection scatter function model for the TDR measurement system with the shuffled complex evolution Metropolis algorithm (SCEM-UA). This combined approach allows for the estimation of the 40 parameters in the transmission line model using a series of simple calibration measurements. The proof of concept is given with measurements in a layered system consisting of air and water. Finally, TDR waveforms from layered soil samples were analyzed to estimate the distribution of the water content along the length of the probe. Results show that the proposed method provides much more reproducible results than obtained with the traditional travel time method. Because the proposed method can be fully automated, it increases the applicability of the TDR method, especially in applications where detailed (real-time) data are required on heterogeneous infiltration. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Heimovaara, Timo J AU - Huisman, Johan A AU - Vrugt, Jasper A AU - Bouten, Willem A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1128 EP - 1145 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - scale factor KW - Bayesian analysis KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - elastic waves KW - calibration KW - layered materials KW - SCEM-UA KW - spatial distribution KW - shuffled complex evolution Metropolis algorithm KW - stochastic processes KW - dielectric properties KW - mixing KW - algorithms KW - time domain reflectometry KW - water KW - hydrology KW - functions KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - radar methods KW - optimization KW - inverse problem KW - multi-section scatter function KW - infiltration KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Obtaining+the+spatial+distribution+of+water+content+along+a+TDR+probe+using+the+SCEM-UA+Bayesian+inverse+modeling+scheme&rft.au=Heimovaara%2C+Timo+J%3BHuisman%2C+Johan+A%3BVrugt%2C+Jasper+A%3BBouten%2C+Willem&rft.aulast=Heimovaara&rft.aufirst=Timo&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix; accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Bayesian analysis; calibration; dielectric properties; elastic waves; electrical methods; functions; geophysical methods; hydrology; infiltration; inverse problem; layered materials; mixing; moisture; multi-section scatter function; optimization; radar methods; scale factor; SCEM-UA; shuffled complex evolution Metropolis algorithm; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; time domain reflectometry; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electromagnetic inversion of GPR signals and subsequent hydrodynamic inversion to estimate effective vadose zone hydraulic properties AN - 51132162; 2005-062213 AB - We combine electromagnetic inversion of ground penetrating radar (GPR) signals with hydrodynamic inverse modeling to identify the effective soil hydraulic properties of a sand in laboratory conditions. Ground penetrating radar provides soil moisture time series that are subsequently used as input in the hydrodynamic inverse procedure. The technique relies on an ultrawide band (UWB) stepped frequency continuous wave (SFCW) radar combined with an off-ground monostatic transverse electromagnetic (TEM) horn antenna. Ground penetrating radar signal forward modeling is based on the exact solution of the three-dimensional Maxwell equations for describing free wave propagation and on linear systems in series and parallel for describing wave propagation in the antenna. Water flow in the sand is described by the one-dimensional Richards equation using the Mualem-van Genuchten parameterization. Both model inversions are formulated by the classical least-squares problem and are performed iteratively using advanced global optimization techniques. Compared with time domain reflectometry (TDR), results demonstrated the appropriateness of the GPR integrated approach to measure soil moisture remotely. In particular, the approach was found to be less sensitive to the inherent small-scale heterogeneities. Hydrodynamic inversion of soil moisture data led to hydraulic parameters agreeing reasonably well with direct measurements. The observed discrepancies were attributed to the different characterization scales and samples. The overall integrated approach offers great promise to map the effective hydraulic properties of the shallow subsurface at a high spatial resolution. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Lambot, S AU - Antoine, M AU - van den Bosch, I AU - Slob, E C AU - Vanclooster, M A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1072 EP - 1081 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - electrical conductivity KW - one-dimensional models KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - Green function KW - physical models KW - laboratory studies KW - dielectric properties KW - Richards equation KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - hydrodynamics KW - time domain reflectometry KW - off-ground methods KW - transient methods KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - drainage KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - radar methods KW - optimization KW - inverse problem KW - stepped frequency continuous wave methods KW - depth KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51132162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Electromagnetic+inversion+of+GPR+signals+and+subsequent+hydrodynamic+inversion+to+estimate+effective+vadose+zone+hydraulic+properties&rft.au=Lambot%2C+S%3BAntoine%2C+M%3Bvan+den+Bosch%2C+I%3BSlob%2C+E+C%3BVanclooster%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lambot&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1072&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 25, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; data processing; depth; dielectric properties; drainage; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; Green function; ground-penetrating radar; hydrodynamics; hydrology; inverse problem; laboratory studies; moisture; off-ground methods; one-dimensional models; optimization; physical models; radar methods; Richards equation; sand; sediments; soils; stepped frequency continuous wave methods; time domain reflectometry; transient methods; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrical streaming potential measured at the ground surface; forward modeling and inversion issues for monitoring infiltration and characterizing the vadose zone AN - 51131824; 2005-062225 AB - Field estimation of the soil water flux has direct application for water resource management. Standard methods like tensiometry or time domain reflectometry are often difficult to use because of subsurface heterogeneity, whereas noninvasive tools such as electrical resistance tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance, or ground penetrating radar are limited to the estimation of the water content. We present an electrical method that provides water flux estimates: streaming potential (SP) monitoring. This cost-effective tool may help to estimate the nature of the flow process (infiltration or evaporation) in the vadose zone. We discuss interpretation strategies in terms of numerical modeling of both hydraulic and electric processes in the vadose zone and propose an inversion scheme that allows the soil hydraulic parameters to be estimated from in situ infiltration experiments JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Sailhac, Pascal AU - Darnet, Mathieu AU - Marquis, Guy A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1200 EP - 1206 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - water KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - hydraulics KW - numerical models KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - coupling KW - inverse problem KW - direct problem KW - simulation KW - electrokinetics KW - two-dimensional models KW - evaporation KW - heterogeneous materials KW - infiltration KW - streaming potential KW - steady-state processes KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Electrical+streaming+potential+measured+at+the+ground+surface%3B+forward+modeling+and+inversion+issues+for+monitoring+infiltration+and+characterizing+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Sailhac%2C+Pascal%3BDarnet%2C+Mathieu%3BMarquis%2C+Guy&rft.aulast=Sailhac&rft.aufirst=Pascal&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix; EOST-IPGS Publ. No. 2004.16-UMR7516; accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coupling; direct problem; electrical methods; electrokinetics; evaporation; geophysical methods; heterogeneous materials; hydraulics; hydrology; infiltration; inverse problem; monitoring; numerical models; simulation; steady-state processes; streaming potential; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vadose Zone Journal AN - 51131783; 2005-062211 JF - Vadose Zone Journal A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1060 EP - 1239 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - hydrogeophysics KW - hydrogeology KW - applications KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1060&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 25, 2005; individual papers are cited separately; most papers from the European Geosciences Union-American Geophysical Union joint meeting, Nice, 2003 and the AGU fall meeting, San Francisco, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; geophysical methods; hydrogeology; hydrogeophysics; hydrology; monitoring; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing unsaturated diffusion in porous tuff gravel AN - 51131742; 2005-062203 AB - Evaluation of solute diffusion in unsaturated porous gravel is very important for investigations of contaminant transport and remediation, risk assessment, and waste disposal (e.g., the potential high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada). For a porous aggregate medium such as granular tuff, the total water content is comprised of surface water and interior water. The surface water component (water film around grains and pendular water between the grain contacts) could serve as a predominant diffusion pathway. To investigate the extent to which surface water films and contact points affect solute diffusion in unsaturated gravel, we examined the configuration of water using X-ray computed tomography (CT) in partially saturated gravel and made quantitative measurements of diffusion at multiple water contents using two different techniques. In the first, diffusion coefficients of KCl in 2- to 4-mm granular tuff at multiple water contents were calculated from electrical conductivity (EC) measurements using the Nernst-Einstein equation. In the second, we used laser ablation with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA/ICP-MS) to perform microscale mapping, allowing the measurement of diffusion coefficients for a mixture of chemical tracers for tuff cubes and tetrahedrons having two contact geometries (cube-cube and cube-tetrahedron). The X-ray computed tomography images show limited contact between grains, and this could hinder the pathways for diffusive transport. Experimental results show the critical role of surface water in controlling transport pathways and hence the magnitude of diffusion. Even with a bulk volumetric water content of 1.5%, the measured solute diffusion coefficient is as low as 1.5X10 (super -14) m (super 2) s (super -1) for tuff gravel. Currently used diffusion models relating diffusion coefficients to total volumetric water content inadequately describe unsaturated diffusion behavior in porous gravel at very low water contents. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Hu, Qinhong AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Roberts, Jeffery J AU - Tomutsa, Liviu AU - Wang, Joseph S Y Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1425 EP - 1438 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - sorption KW - electrical conductivity KW - laser methods KW - Basin and Range Province KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - mass spectra KW - waste management KW - Yucca Mountain KW - bimodal distribution KW - diffusivity KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - capillarity KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Tertiary KW - organic compounds KW - radioactive tracers KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - surface area KW - vinyl chloride KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - volcanic rocks KW - cobalt KW - igneous rocks KW - gravel KW - Cenozoic KW - spatial distribution KW - fractures KW - cesium KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - samarium KW - rare earths KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - alkaline earth metals KW - diffusion KW - welded tuff KW - alkali metals KW - laser ablation KW - porous materials KW - Miocene KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - computed tomography data KW - image analysis KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Characterizing+unsaturated+diffusion+in+porous+tuff+gravel&rft.au=Hu%2C+Qinhong%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BRoberts%2C+Jeffery+J%3BTomutsa%2C+Liviu%3BWang%2C+Joseph+S+Y&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Qinhong&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 24, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Basin and Range Province; bimodal distribution; capillarity; Cenozoic; cesium; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; cobalt; computed tomography data; diffusion; diffusivity; electrical conductivity; experimental studies; fractures; geochemistry; gravel; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrology; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; image analysis; laser ablation; laser methods; mass spectra; metals; Miocene; moisture; Neogene; Nevada; North America; Nye County Nevada; organic compounds; porous materials; pyroclastics; radioactive tracers; rare earths; samarium; sediments; solute transport; sorption; spatial distribution; spectra; strontium; surface area; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; United States; unsaturated zone; vinyl chloride; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; waste management; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground penetrating radar measurements in a controlled vadose zone; influence of the water content AN - 51131462; 2005-062214 AB - Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a nondestructive method, which, as with other geophysical methods, has been successfully used to estimate the water content or hydraulic properties of soils. We performed GPR measurements to calibrate and compare water content estimates with actual water contents in a sand box. A vadose zone was simulated by injecting water in a sand box. We obtained four GPR data sets: for dry sand, for sand with water tables at 72- and 48-cm depths, and for sand after drainage. Using the reflections (or diffractions) from the bottom of the sand box (or objects buried in the sand), mean relative dielectric permittivities were determined at several depths in the sand box. These relative dielectric permittivities were used to calculate "real" mean relative dielectric permittivities of a sand box made up of three layers (dry sand, unsaturated sand, and fully saturated sand), knowing that a layer can be subdivided into more layers depending on the depth of the reflections (or diffractions) recorded. We used three relationships between relative dielectric permittivity and the water content to estimate the mean water content for each layer. From these water contents and the known volume of sand considered, we estimated the amount of water in the sand box for each water table. Subtracting the volume obtained for dry sand from the volume obtained for the different water tables gave estimates of the variations in water quantities in the sand box; these were compared with the quantities injected in the sand box. Despite uncertainties in the determination of the mean relative dielectric permittivities, the calculated variations in water quantities were very similar to those injected in the sand box. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Loeffler, Olivier AU - Bano, Maksim A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1082 EP - 1092 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - three-dimensional models KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - common-depth-point method KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - reflection methods KW - layered materials KW - depth KW - measurement KW - diffraction KW - spatial distribution KW - laboratory studies KW - quantitative analysis KW - dielectric properties KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Ground+penetrating+radar+measurements+in+a+controlled+vadose+zone%3B+influence+of+the+water+content&rft.au=Loeffler%2C+Olivier%3BBano%2C+Maksim&rft.aulast=Loeffler&rft.aufirst=Olivier&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1082&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - EOST Contrib. 2004.07-UMR7516; accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; common-depth-point method; depth; dielectric properties; diffraction; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; hydrology; laboratory studies; layered materials; measurement; moisture; quantitative analysis; radar methods; reflection methods; sand; sediments; spatial distribution; three-dimensional models; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geostatistical reconstruction of gaps in near-surface electrical resistivity data AN - 51131356; 2005-062227 AB - This study was motivated by the need to reduce the effects of various types of noise observed in geophysical field data. We focused on assessing the impact of noise and data gaps on electrical resistivity data and on evaluating whether geostatistical methods (in this case kriging) can be successfully used for restoring missing data before inversion. We used electrical resistivity forward and inverse modeling with a simple fault earth model to produce and invert synthetic datasets. We examined the effects of random background noise, data density deletion, and data gap and noise structure scenarios to study the influence of these factors on the inversion of resistivity data and the subsequent interpretability of the geologic structure. Our results suggest that geostatistical methods are potentially very useful for restoring data points deleted from noisy resistivity field data. Clearly, the efficacy of kriging depends on the level of noise and the amount of data deleted. The inversion RMSE of the kriged files is less than that of the original random background noise files containing all data. The magnitude of the improvement increases as random background noise increases. Even for cases where 80% of the original data were randomly eliminated and there was 10% random background noise, the kriging procedure resulted in significant improvement in the ability to resolve the basement and overburden structure, correctly place the orientation and location of the fault, and identify the downthrown block. At random background noise levels of 20 and 30%, kriging was effective at recovering the major geological features but to a lesser degree. The efficacy of the kriging procedure performed on the noisiest data appears to be a function of the location and magnitude of data gaps induced by editing or missing strings. Finally, the effect that coherent noise has on the efficacy of our approach was studied and contrasted to random deletion. Our study suggested that the geostatistical restoration approach improved the interpretability of electrical resistivity data that had been degraded by noise or data loss problems. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Cornacchiulo, Daniel AU - Bagtzoglou, Amvrossios C A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1215 EP - 1229 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - moisture KW - kriging KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - layered materials KW - stochastic processes KW - synthetic data KW - faults KW - water KW - MATLAB KW - electrical properties KW - RES2DMOD KW - background level KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - inverse problem KW - geostatistics KW - direct problem KW - resistivity KW - two-dimensional models KW - noise KW - geophysical profiles KW - RES2DINV KW - coherency KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Geostatistical+reconstruction+of+gaps+in+near-surface+electrical+resistivity+data&rft.au=Cornacchiulo%2C+Daniel%3BBagtzoglou%2C+Amvrossios+C&rft.aulast=Cornacchiulo&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - background level; coherency; data processing; direct problem; electrical methods; electrical properties; faults; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geostatistics; inverse problem; kriging; layered materials; MATLAB; moisture; noise; RES2DINV; RES2DMOD; resistivity; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; synthetic data; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Topsoil structure influencing soil water retrieval by microwave radiometry AN - 51131314; 2005-062222 AB - Many remote sensing applications, including those of future space missions, require accurate knowledge of the influence of topsoil structure on the water content as measured using L-band radiometry. We report on field-measured L-band (1.4 GHz) microwave emission from a bare soil. Of special interest in this work is the procedure used to transform remotely sensed data to soil water content and its comparability with time domain reflectometer (TDR) in situ measurements. Surface roughness of the soil was characterized on a millimeter scale using an optical measurement technique. Different models for interpreting the microwave signals in terms of the water content were investigated. The agreement between in situ water contents and surface water contents estimated with radiometry data using the Fresnel equation was found to be poor. A coherent layer model, with and without considering roughness effects, was tested to compare radiometrically measured and modeled soil reflectivities. The correspondence remained unsatisfactory, even when we considered a dielectric gradient fitted to the TDR profiles and surface roughness represented by a scattering model. We developed a new air-to-soil transition model, which includes dielectric mixing effects due to small-scale surface structures. This model considerably improved agreement between measured and modeled results. We conclude that small-scale structures of the topsoil cannot be neglected in interpreting L-band measurements. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Schneeberger, K AU - Schwank, M AU - Stamm, C AU - de Rosnay, P AU - Maetzler, C AU - Fluehler, H A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1169 EP - 1179 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - water KW - soils KW - surface properties KW - topsoil KW - air-soil interface KW - moisture KW - roughness KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - L-band radiation KW - radiometry KW - morphology KW - microwave methods KW - dielectric properties KW - interfaces KW - electromagnetic methods KW - air KW - wave dispersion KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Topsoil+structure+influencing+soil+water+retrieval+by+microwave+radiometry&rft.au=Schneeberger%2C+K%3BSchwank%2C+M%3BStamm%2C+C%3Bde+Rosnay%2C+P%3BMaetzler%2C+C%3BFluehler%2C+H&rft.aulast=Schneeberger&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; air-soil interface; dielectric properties; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; interfaces; L-band radiation; microwave methods; moisture; morphology; radiometry; remote sensing; roughness; soils; surface properties; topsoil; unsaturated zone; water; wave dispersion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of solute distributions in the vadose zone using downhole electromagnetic induction AN - 51130590; 2005-062226 AB - We conducted a field experiment to evaluate the ability of downhole electromagnetic induction (EM) measurements to track the migration of a salt plume in the vadose zone. A 6.9 g L-1 slug of NaCl was applied to a 3 by 3 m area for 85 d at a flux of 2.7 cm d-1. Electrical conductivity measurements were collected weekly, using 13 12-m boreholes installed in a 15 by 15 m area. The measured bulk soil electrical conductivity (ECa) was converted to soil water electrical conductivity (ECw) using water contents from neutron probe measurements and clay contents from soil cores. The calculated mass of salt in the profile agreed well with the known mass of salt infiltrated when the appropriate immobile water content was assumed. The low water content, theta w, (<15% by volume) and low bulk soil electrical conductivity, ECa, (<100 mS m-1) measured at the test site presented more resistive conditions than previous studies of this type and were a cause of uncertainty in the results. Good agreement between calculated and known ECw resulted from the ability to measure theta w and ECa in the same locations. Sensitivity analyses showed that the calculated ECw was strongly dependent on the assumed upper limit of immobile water content, and less sensitive to soil temperature and clay content. The results of this study demonstrate that downhole EM methods can accurately characterize water and solute distributions in the vadose zone. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Hall, Laila M AU - Brainard, James R AU - Bowman, Robert S AU - Hendrickx, Jan M H A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1207 EP - 1214 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - clay KW - electrical conductivity KW - neutron methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - moisture KW - Socorro County New Mexico KW - New Mexico KW - downhole methods KW - salinity KW - Socorro New Mexico KW - spatial distribution KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - electromagnetic induction KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - boreholes KW - heterogeneous materials KW - surveys KW - alluvium KW - instruments KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51130590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Determination+of+solute+distributions+in+the+vadose+zone+using+downhole+electromagnetic+induction&rft.au=Hall%2C+Laila+M%3BBrainard%2C+James+R%3BBowman%2C+Robert+S%3BHendrickx%2C+Jan+M+H&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Laila&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; boreholes; clastic sediments; clay; downhole methods; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic induction; electromagnetic methods; field studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; heterogeneous materials; instruments; moisture; monitoring; neutron methods; New Mexico; salinity; sediments; Socorro County New Mexico; Socorro New Mexico; solute transport; spatial distribution; surveys; three-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induced polarization of unsaturated sands determined through time domain measurements AN - 51130549; 2005-062221 AB - We studied the electrical induced polarization (IP) response of simple multiphase porous systems by conducting time-domain (TD) IP measurements on two different groups of sieved quartz samples: sands containing air in unsaturated pores and sands where the unsaturated pores were filled with kerosene. The analyzed chargeability vs. water content relationship showed an extreme behavior. The resistivity vs. water content relationship exhibited two distinct power law regions characterized by different values of the power-law exponents. Quartz-water-air and quartz-water-kerosene samples showed similar behavior. A conceptual model of polarizing cells is proposed to explain the observed IP phenomena. We consider a sequence of large and narrow passageways for electric current as the elementary polarizing cell. The polarization of the cell is related to the difference in effective radii of the passageways. In the saturated cell, the water-filling intergrain space is considered the large current passageway. Areas of grain contact are considered narrow passageways. In unsaturated cells, the thin water film on the grain surfaces is considered the narrow passageway. Areas of grain contact are viewed as large passageways. The polarization of unsaturated cells in this condition should be larger than that of saturated cells. With further drying, unsaturated cells start releasing water from the grain contact area, which leads to a convergence of the effective radii of large and narrow passageways and, consequently, to a decrease in cell polarization. The conceptual model is capable of explaining the observed dependence of polarization on water content. The chargeability maximum corresponds to the limit between the two distinct regions, each having a different resistivity vs. water content relationship, which we consider as the critical water content. Our model suggests that at the critical water content, pore water becomes predominantly adsorbed on the solid surface. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Titov, K AU - Kemna, Andreas AU - Tarasov, A AU - Vereecken, H A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1160 EP - 1168 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - laboratory studies KW - sediments KW - induced polarization KW - framework silicates KW - time domain reflectometry KW - water KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - petroleum products KW - two-dimensional models KW - measurement KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - kerosene KW - saturation KW - multiphase flow KW - quartz KW - air KW - pore water KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51130549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Induced+polarization+of+unsaturated+sands+determined+through+time+domain+measurements&rft.au=Titov%2C+K%3BKemna%2C+Andreas%3BTarasov%2C+A%3BVereecken%2C+H&rft.aulast=Titov&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; air; clastic sediments; electrical methods; experimental studies; framework silicates; geophysical methods; hydrology; induced polarization; kerosene; laboratory studies; measurement; moisture; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; petroleum products; pollution; pore water; quartz; sand; saturation; sediments; silica minerals; silicates; time domain reflectometry; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reclassification of Sphaerobacter thermophilus from the subclass Sphaerobacteridae in the phylum Actinobacteria to the class Thermomicrobia (emended description) in the phylum Chloroflexi (emended description) AN - 17775457; 6108787 AB - Sphaerobacter thermophilus was originally classified as the deepest branching member of the phylum Actinobacteria (high-G+C, Gram-positive bacteria) based on 16S rRNA gene comparative analysis. However, the analysis lacked suitable outgroups, and additional 16S rRNA gene sequences indicate that it is most closely related to Thermomicrobium roseum, which it also resembles phenotypically. Furthermore, both species are reproducibly affiliated with the phylum Chloroflexi (green non-sulfur bacteria), despite T. roseum currently being classified in its own phylum, the Thermomicrobia. Transfer of Sphaerobacter to the class Thermomicrobia, and transfer of the class Thermomicrobia to the phylum Chlorofexi, are proposed. Descriptions for the phylum Chloroflexi and the class Thermomicrobia are emended to reflect the proposed changes in classification. JF - International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology AU - Hugenholtz, P AU - Stackebrandt, E AD - Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, 151 Hilgard Hall, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3110, USA, phugenholtz@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - Nov 2004 SP - 2049 EP - 2051 VL - 54 IS - 6 SN - 1466-5026, 1466-5026 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Reclassification KW - Chloroflexi KW - Sphaerobacteridae KW - Gram-positive bacteria KW - Actinobacteria KW - Sphaerobacter thermophilus KW - Taxonomic revision KW - Thermomicrobia KW - rRNA 16S KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17775457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=DC+resistivity+and+induced+polarization+methods&rft.au=Binley%2C+Andrew%3BKemna%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Binley&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=1402031017&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sphaerobacter thermophilus; Sphaerobacteridae; Actinobacteria; Thermomicrobia; Chloroflexi; rRNA 16S; Gram-positive bacteria; Reclassification; Taxonomic revision DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.03028-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraints for flow regimes on smooth fracture surfaces AN - 17718910; 6091042 AB - In recent years, significant advances have been made in our understanding of the complex flow processes in individual fractures, aided by flow visualization experiments and conceptual modeling efforts. These advances have led to the recognition of several flow regimes in unsaturated individual fractures subjected to different initial and boundary conditions. For an idealized smooth fracture surface the most important regimes are film flow, rivulet flow, and sliding of droplets. The existence of such significantly dissimilar flow regimes has been a major hindrance in the development of self-consistent conceptual models of flow for single fracture surfaces that encompass all the flow regimes. The objective of this study is to delineate the existence of the different flow regimes in individual fracture surfaces. For steady state flow conditions, we developed physical constraints on the different flow regimes that satisfy minimum energy configurations, which enabled us to segregate the wide range of fracture flux (volumetric flow rate per fracture width) into several flow regimes. These are, in increasing order of flow rate, flow of adsorbed films, flow of sliding drops, rivulet flow, stable film flow, and unstable (turbulent) film flow. The scope of this study is limited to wide-aperture smooth fractures with the flow on the opposing sides of fracture being independent. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Ghezzehei, Teamrat A AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - Nov 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 40 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. W11503 KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Boundary Conditions KW - Fluid Drops KW - Model Studies KW - Flow Rates KW - Institutional Constraints KW - Fluctuations KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Films KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 6050:Rock mechanics and geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17718910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Constraints+for+flow+regimes+on+smooth+fracture+surfaces&rft.au=Ghezzehei%2C+Teamrat+A&rft.aulast=Ghezzehei&rft.aufirst=Teamrat&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004WR003164 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Groundwater Movement; Hydrological Regime; Films; Flow Rates; Institutional Constraints; Model Studies; Fluid Drops; Boundary Conditions; Fluctuations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003164 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicted Twenty-First-Century Changes in Seasonal Extreme Precipitation Events in the Parallel Climate Model AN - 17593687; 6080533 AB - Twenty-year return values of annual and seasonal maxima of daily precipitation are calculated from a set of transiently forced coupled general circulation model simulations. The magnitude and pattern of return values are found to be highly dependent on the seasonal cycle. A similar dependence is found for projected future changes in return values. The correlation between the spatial pattern of return value changes and mean precipitation changes is found to be low. Hence, the changes in mean precipitation do not provide significant information about changes in precipitation extreme values. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Wehner, M F AD - Scientific Computing Group, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 50F1650, Berkeley, CA 94720-8139, mfwehner@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - Nov 2004 SP - 4281 EP - 4290 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 17 IS - 21 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17593687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Predicted+Twenty-First-Century+Changes+in+Seasonal+Extreme+Precipitation+Events+in+the+Parallel+Climate+Model&rft.au=Wehner%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Wehner&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI3197.1 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0894-8755&volume=17&page=4281 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3197.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global gene expression of cells attached to a tissue engineering scaffold AN - 17570282; 5918797 AB - A goal of tissue engineering is to produce a scaffold material that will guide cells to differentiate and regenerate functional replacement tissue at the site of injury. Little is known about how cells respond on a molecular level to tissue engineering scaffold materials. In this work we used oligonucleotide microarrays to interrogate gene expression profiles associated with cell- biomaterial interactions. We seeded collagen-glycosaminoglycan meshes, a widely used tissue engineering scaffold material, with human IMR-90 fibroblasts and compared transcript levels with control cells grown on tissue culture polystyrene. Genes involved in cell signaling, extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, angiogenesis and hypoxia were all activated in cells on the collagen-GAG mesh. Understanding the impact of a scaffold on attached cells will facilitate the design of improved tissue engineering materials. JF - Biomaterials AU - Klapperich, C M AU - Bertozzi, CRCR AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, catherin@bu.edu Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - Nov 2004 SP - 5631 EP - 5641 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 25 IS - 25 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Angiogenesis KW - Tissue culture KW - Tissue engineering KW - Oligonucleotides KW - DNA microarrays KW - scaffolds KW - Fibroblasts KW - Collagen KW - Gene expression KW - Hypoxia KW - polystyrene KW - Biomaterials KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17570282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Global+gene+expression+of+cells+attached+to+a+tissue+engineering+scaffold&rft.au=Klapperich%2C+C+M%3BBertozzi%2C+CRCR&rft.aulast=Klapperich&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=25&rft.spage=5631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2004.01.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tissue engineering; scaffolds; Gene expression; Collagen; Biomaterials; DNA microarrays; Angiogenesis; Fibroblasts; Tissue culture; Oligonucleotides; polystyrene; Hypoxia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.01.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Allosteric Model for Transmembrane Signaling in Bacterial Chemotaxis AN - 17790698; 6144216 AB - Bacteria are able to sense chemical gradients over a wide range of concentrations. However, calculations based on the known number of receptors do not predict such a range unless receptors interact with one another in a cooperative manner. A number of recent experiments support the notion that this remarkable sensitivity in chemotaxis is mediated by localized interactions or crosstalk between neighboring receptors. A number of simple, elegant models have proposed mechanisms for signal integration within receptor clusters. What is a lacking is a model, based on known molecular mechanisms and our accumulated knowledge of chemotaxis, that integrates data from multiple, heterogeneous sources. To address this question, we propose an allosteric mechanism for transmembrane signaling in bacterial chemotaxis based on the ''trimer of dimers'' model, where three receptor dimers form a stable complex with CheW and CheA. The mechanism is used to integrate a diverse set of experimental data in a consistent framework. The main predictions are: (1) trimers of receptor dimers form the building blocks for the signaling complexes; (2) receptor methylation increases the stability of the active state and retards the inhibition arising from ligand-bound receptors within the signaling complex; (3) trimer of dimer receptor complexes aggregate into clusters through their mutual interactions with CheA and CheW; (4) cooperativity arises from neighboring interaction within these clusters; and (5) cluster size is determined by the concentration of receptors, CheA, and CheW. The model is able to explain a number of seemingly contradictory experiments in a consistent manner and, in the process, explain how bacteria are able to sense chemical gradients over a wide range of concentrations by demonstrating how signals are integrated within the signaling complex. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Rao, C V AU - Frenklach, M AU - Arkin AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, c_rao@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10/15/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Oct 15 SP - 291 EP - 303 VL - 343 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Chemoreception Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - CheY protein KW - Gradients KW - Chemotaxis KW - CheA protein KW - Allosteric properties KW - Receptor density KW - Signal transduction KW - R 18042:Others KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17790698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=An+Allosteric+Model+for+Transmembrane+Signaling+in+Bacterial+Chemotaxis&rft.au=Rao%2C+C+V%3BFrenklach%2C+M%3BArkin&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-10-15&rft.volume=343&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2004.08.046 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CheY protein; CheA protein; Receptor density; Chemotaxis; Gradients; Allosteric properties; Signal transduction; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2004.08.046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chloroethylnitrosourea-derived ethano cytosine and adenine adducts are substrates for Escherichia coli glycosylases excising analogous etheno adducts. AN - 66827383; 15336626 AB - Exocyclic ethano DNA adducts are saturated etheno ring derivatives formed mainly by therapeutic chloroethylnitrosoureas (CNUs), which are also mutagenic and carcinogenic. In this work, we report that two of the ethano adducts, 3,N4-ethanocytosine (EC) and 1,N6-ethanoadenine (EA), are novel substrates for the Escherichia coli mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase (Mug) and 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II (AlkA), respectively. It has been shown previously that Mug excises 3,N4-ethenocytosine (epsilonC) and AlkA releases 1,N6-ethenoadenine (epsilonA). Using synthetic oligonucleotides containing a single ethano or etheno adduct, we found that both glycosylases had a approximately 20-fold lower excision activity toward EC or EA than that toward their structurally analogous epsilonC or epsilonA adduct. Both enzymes were capable of excising the ethano base paired with any of the four natural bases, but with varying efficiencies. The Mug activity toward EC could be stimulated by E. coli endonuclease IV and, more efficiently, by exonuclease III. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed similar structural features of the etheno and ethano derivatives when present in DNA duplexes. However, also as shown by MD, the stacking interaction between the EC base and Phe 30 in the Mug active site is reduced as compared to the epsilonC base, which could account for the lower EC activity observed in this study. JF - DNA repair AU - Guliaev, Anton B AU - Singer, B AU - Hang, Bo AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/10/05/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Oct 05 SP - 1311 EP - 1321 VL - 3 IS - 10 SN - 1568-7864, 1568-7864 KW - 3,N(4)-ethenocytosine KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea KW - 2365-30-2 KW - Cytosine KW - 8J337D1HZY KW - Exodeoxyribonucleases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - exodeoxyribonuclease III KW - EC 3.1.11.2 KW - Deoxyribonuclease IV (Phage T4-Induced) KW - EC 3.1.21.2 KW - endonuclease IV, E coli KW - DNA Glycosylases KW - EC 3.2.2.- KW - Thymine DNA Glycosylase KW - Uracil-DNA Glycosidase KW - DNA-3-methyladenine glycosidase II KW - EC 3.2.2.21 KW - Adenine KW - JAC85A2161 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Molecular KW - Exodeoxyribonucleases -- metabolism KW - Nucleic Acid Conformation KW - Binding Sites KW - Adenine -- chemistry KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- metabolism KW - Adenine -- metabolism KW - Base Pair Mismatch KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Adenine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Deoxyribonuclease IV (Phage T4-Induced) -- metabolism KW - Protein Conformation KW - Cytosine -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- analogs & derivatives KW - DNA Glycosylases -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - Cytosine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- pharmacology KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Cytosine -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66827383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DNA+repair&rft.atitle=Chloroethylnitrosourea-derived+ethano+cytosine+and+adenine+adducts+are+substrates+for+Escherichia+coli+glycosylases+excising+analogous+etheno+adducts.&rft.au=Guliaev%2C+Anton+B%3BSinger%2C+B%3BHang%2C+Bo&rft.aulast=Guliaev&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft.date=2004-10-05&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DNA+repair&rft.issn=15687864&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-20 N1 - Date created - 2004-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Standardized approach for developing probabilistic exposure factor distributions. AN - 67108337; 15563287 AB - The effectiveness of a probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) depends on the quality and relevance of the output from exposure and risk models, which, in turn, depends on the critical inputs to the assessment. These critical inputs are often in the form of probabilistic exposure factor distributions that are derived for the given risk scenario. Deriving probabilistic distributions for model inputs can be time consuming and subjective. The absence of a standard approach for developing these distributions can result in PRAs that are inconsistent and difficult to review by regulatory agencies. We present an approach that reduces subjectivity in the distribution development process without limiting the flexibility needed to prepare relevant PRAs. The approach requires two steps. First, we analyze data pooled at a population scale to (i) identify the most robust demographic descriptors within the population for a given exposure factor, (ii) partition the data into subsets based on these variables, and (iii) construct archetypal distributions for each subpopulation. Second, we sample from these archetypal distributions according to site- or scenario-specific conditions to simulate exposure factor values and use these values to construct the scenario-specific input distribution. The archetypal distributions developed through Step 1 provide a consistent basis for developing scenario-specific distributions so risk assessors will not have to repeatedly collect and analyze raw data for each new assessment. We demonstrate the approach for two commonly used exposure factors--body weight (BW) and exposure duration (ED)--using data that are representative of the U.S. population. For these factors we provide a first set of subpopulation-based archetypal distributions and demonstrate methods for using these distributions to construct relevant scenario-specific probabilistic exposure factor distributions. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Maddalena, Randy L AU - McKone, Thomas E AU - Sohn, Michael D AD - Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. rlmaddalena@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 1185 EP - 1199 VL - 24 IS - 5 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Aged KW - Models, Statistical KW - Child KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Body Weight KW - Infant KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67108337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Standardized+approach+for+developing+probabilistic+exposure+factor+distributions.&rft.au=Maddalena%2C+Randy+L%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E%3BSohn%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=Maddalena&rft.aufirst=Randy&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-14 N1 - Date created - 2004-11-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multimedia persistence as an indicator of potential for population-level intake of environmental contaminants. AN - 67014705; 15511107 AB - Although intuitively it is apparent that population-level exposure to contaminants dispersed in the environment must be related to the persistence of the contaminant, there has been little effort to quantify this link formally. In this paper we investigate the relationship between overall persistence and/or overall residence time in a multimedia exposure environment and the population-level intake of contaminants as expressed by intake fraction (iF), the cumulative fraction of chemical emitted to the environment that is taken up by members of the population. We demonstrate that for any given contaminant and emission scenario the definition of iF implies that it is directly proportional to the overall multimedia persistence (Pov), or the overall multimedia residence time (Tov). The proportionality constant has dimensions of time and represents the characteristic time for population intake (CTI) of the chemical from the environment. We then apply the CalTOX fate and exposure model to explore how Tov and CTI combine to determine the magnitude of iF We find that CTI has a narrow range of possible values relative to Tov across multiple chemicals and emissions scenarios. We use data from the Canadian Environmental Protection Act Priority Substance List (PSL1) Assessments and multimedia Pov to show that exposure assessments based on empirical observation are consistent with interpretations from the model. Results indicate that Pov derived from screening-level assessments of persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and toxicity (PBT) is a useful indicator of the potential for population-level exposure. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - MacLeod, Matthew AU - McKone, Thomas E AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. mjmacleod@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 2465 EP - 2472 VL - 23 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Forecasting KW - Risk Assessment KW - Multimedia KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67014705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Multimedia+persistence+as+an+indicator+of+potential+for+population-level+intake+of+environmental+contaminants.&rft.au=MacLeod%2C+Matthew%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E&rft.aulast=MacLeod&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-07 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stress-dependent permeability of fractured rock masses; a numerical study AN - 51793447; 2004-076500 AB - We investigate the stress-dependent permeability issue in fractured rock masses considering the effects of nonlinear normal deformation and shear dilation of fractures using a two-dimensional distinct element method program, UDEC, based on a realistic discrete fracture network realization. A series of "numerical" experiments were conducted to calculate changes in the permeability of simulated fractured rock masses under various loading conditions. Numerical experiments were conducted in two ways: (1) increasing the overall stresses with a fixed ratio of horizontal to vertical stresses components; and (2) increasing the differential stresses (i.e., the difference between the horizontal and vertical stresses) while keeping the magnitude of vertical stress constant. These numerical experiments show that the permeability of fractured rocks decreases with increased stress magnitudes when the stress ratio is not large enough to cause shear dilation of fractures, whereas permeability increases with increased stress when the stress ratio is large enough. Permeability changes at low stress levels are more sensitive than at high stress levels due to the nonlinear fracture normal stress-displacement relation. Significant stress-induced channeling is observed as the shear dilation causes the concentration of fluid flow along connected shear fractures. Anisotropy of permeability emerges with the increase of differential stresses, and this anisotropy can become more prominent with the influence of shear dilation and localized flow paths. A set of empirical equations in closed-form, accounting for both normal closure and shear dilation of the fractures, is proposed to model the stress-dependent permeability. These equations prove to be in good agreement with the results obtained from our numerical experiments. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Min, Ki-Bok AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Jing, Lanru Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 1191 EP - 1210 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 41 IS - 7 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - rock masses KW - friction angles KW - shear strength KW - Poisson's ratio KW - stiffness KW - coupling KW - Europe KW - elastic constants KW - simulation KW - excavations KW - rock mechanics KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - tunnels KW - networks KW - experimental studies KW - Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory KW - Western Europe KW - numerical analysis KW - loading KW - stress KW - Kalmar Sweden KW - equations KW - deformation KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - dilation KW - permeability KW - anisotropy KW - Sweden KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51793447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Stress-dependent+permeability+of+fractured+rock+masses%3B+a+numerical+study&rft.au=Min%2C+Ki-Bok%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BJing%2C+Lanru&rft.aulast=Min&rft.aufirst=Ki-Bok&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2004.05.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory; coupling; deformation; dilation; elastic constants; equations; Europe; excavations; experimental studies; fractures; friction angles; Kalmar Sweden; laboratory studies; loading; models; networks; numerical analysis; permeability; Poisson's ratio; rock masses; rock mechanics; Scandinavia; shear strength; simulation; stiffness; stress; Sweden; tunnels; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.05.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusive separation of noble gases and noble gas abundance patterns in sedimentary rocks AN - 51635960; 2006-012361 AB - The mechanisms responsible for noble gas concentrations, abundance patterns and strong retentivity in sedimentary lithologies remain poorly explained. Diffusion-controlled fractionation of noble gases is modeled and examined as an explanation for the absolute and relative abundances of noble gases observed in sediments. Since the physical properties of the noble gases are strong functions of atomic mass, the individual diffusion coefficients, adsorption coefficients and atomic radii combine to impede heavy noble gas (Xe) diffusion relative to light noble gas (Ne) diffusion. Filling of lithic grains/half-spaces by diffusive processes thus produces Ne enrichments in the early and middle stages of the process with F(Ne) values similar to that observed in volcanic glasses. Emptying lithic grains/half-spaces produces a Xe-enriched residual in the late (but not final) stages of the process producing F(Xe) values similar to that observed in shales. 'Exotic...but unexceptional' shales that exhibit both F(Ne) and F(Xe) enrichments can be produced by incomplete emptying followed by incomplete filling. This mechanism is consistent with literature-reported noble gas abundance patterns but may still require a separate mechanism for strong retention. A system of labyrinths-with-constrictions and/or C- and Si-nanotubes when combined with simple adsorption can result in stronger diffusive separation and nonsteady-state enrichments that persist for longer times. Enhanced adsorption to multiple C atoms inside C-nanotubes as well as dangling functional groups closing the ends of nanotubes can provide potential mechanisms for 'strong retention'. We need new methods of examining noble gases in rocks to determine the role and function of angstrom-scale structures in both the diffusive enrichment process and the 'strong retention' process for noble gas abundances in terrestrial rocks. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Torgersen, T AU - Kennedy, B M AU - van Soest, M C Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 477 EP - 489 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 226 IS - 3-4 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - patterns KW - isotopes KW - enrichment KW - adsorption KW - xenon KW - stable isotopes KW - argon KW - Ar-36 KW - physical properties KW - sedimentary rocks KW - noble gases KW - neon KW - mathematical methods KW - theoretical models KW - Xe-132 KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - diffusivity KW - chemical fractionation KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51635960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Diffusive+separation+of+noble+gases+and+noble+gas+abundance+patterns+in+sedimentary+rocks&rft.au=Torgersen%2C+T%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3Bvan+Soest%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Torgersen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=226&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2004.07.030 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, 1 plate N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; Ar-36; argon; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; diffusivity; enrichment; geochemistry; isotopes; mathematical methods; neon; noble gases; patterns; physical properties; sedimentary rocks; stable isotopes; theoretical models; Xe-132; xenon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.07.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy study of microbial calcification AN - 51496158; 2007-013195 JF - Geobiology AU - Benzerara, K AU - Yoon, T H AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Constantz, B AU - Spormann, A M AU - Brown, G E, Jr Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 249 EP - 259 PB - Blackwell, Oxford VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1472-4677, 1472-4677 KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - hydroxylapatite KW - modern analogs KW - aragonite KW - calcification KW - phosphates KW - fossilization KW - Caulobacter crescentus KW - calcite KW - laboratory studies KW - X-ray data KW - vaterite KW - bacteria KW - EXAFS data KW - carbonates KW - 08:General paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51496158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geobiology&rft.atitle=Scanning+transmission+X-ray+microscopy+study+of+microbial+calcification&rft.au=Benzerara%2C+K%3BYoon%2C+T+H%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BConstantz%2C+B%3BSpormann%2C+A+M%3BBrown%2C+G+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Benzerara&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geobiology&rft.issn=14724677&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1472-4677 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aragonite; bacteria; biomineralization; calcification; calcite; carbonates; Caulobacter crescentus; EXAFS data; experimental studies; fossilization; hydroxylapatite; laboratory studies; modern analogs; phosphates; vaterite; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field investigation into unsaturated flow and transport in a fault; model analyses AN - 50509365; 2009-020740 AB - Results of a fault test performed in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, were analyzed using a three-dimensional numerical model. The fault was explicitly represented as a discrete feature and the surrounding rock was treated as a dual-continuum (fracture-matrix) system. Model calibration against seepage and water-travel-velocity data suggests that lithophysal cavities connected to fractures can considerably enhance the effective fracture porosity and therefore retard water flow in fractures. Comparisons between simulation results and tracer concentration data also indicate that matrix diffusion is an important mechanism for solute transport in unsaturated fractured rock. We found that an increased fault-matrix and fracture-matrix interface areas were needed to match the observed tracer data, which is consistent with previous studies. The study results suggest that the current site-scale model for the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain may underestimate radionuclide transport time within the unsaturated zone, because an increased fracture-matrix interface area and the increased effective fracture porosity arising from lithophysal cavities are not considered in the current site-scale model. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Liu, H H AU - Salve, R AU - Wang, J S AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Hudson, D Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 39 EP - 59 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 74 IS - 1-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - tracers KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - faults KW - diffusivity KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - matrix KW - pollution KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50509365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Field+investigation+into+unsaturated+flow+and+transport+in+a+fault%3B+model+analyses&rft.au=Liu%2C+H+H%3BSalve%2C+R%3BWang%2C+J+S%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BHudson%2C+D&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2004.02.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; concentration; diffusivity; faults; fractures; ground water; high-level waste; isotopes; matrix; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; pollution; porosity; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; reservoir rocks; seepage; simulation; three-dimensional models; tracers; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2004.02.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomechanical Approaches for Studying Integration of Tissue Structure and Function in Mammary Epithelia AN - 20199144; 6643787 AB - The structure and function of each individual mammary epithelial cell (MEC) is largely controlled by a bidirectional interchange of chemical and mechanical signals with the microenvironment. Most of these signals are tissue-specific, since they arise from the three-dimensional (3D) tissue organization and are modulated during mammary gland development, maturation, pregnancy, lactation, and involution. Although the important role played by structural and mechanical signals in mammary cell and tissue function is being increasingly recognized, quantitative biomechanical approaches are still scarce. Here we review currently available biomechanical tools that allow quantitative examination of individual cells, groups of cells or full monolayers in two-dimensional cultures, and cells in 3D cultures. Current technological limitations and challenges are discussed, with special emphasis on their potential applications in MEC biology. We argue that the combination of biomechanical tools with current efforts in mathematical modeling and in cell and molecular biology applied to 3D cultures provides a powerful approach to unravel the complexity of tissue-specific structure-function relationships. JF - Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia AU - Alcaraz, Jordi AU - Nelson, Celeste M AU - Bissell, Mina J AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 83-101, Berkeley, California, 94720, mjbissell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 SP - 361 EP - 374 PB - Plenum Publishing Corp., 233 Spring St. New York NY 10013-1578 USA, [mailto:info@plenum.com], [URL:http://www.plenum.com] VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1083-3021, 1083-3021 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Epithelial cells KW - Integration KW - Mathematical models KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Mammary gland KW - Reviews KW - Microenvironments KW - Cell culture KW - Mechanical stimuli KW - Lactation KW - Pregnancy KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20199144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mammary+Gland+Biology+and+Neoplasia&rft.atitle=Biomechanical+Approaches+for+Studying+Integration+of+Tissue+Structure+and+Function+in+Mammary+Epithelia&rft.au=Alcaraz%2C+Jordi%3BNelson%2C+Celeste+M%3BBissell%2C+Mina+J&rft.aulast=Alcaraz&rft.aufirst=Jordi&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Mammary+Gland+Biology+and+Neoplasia&rft.issn=10833021&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10911-004-1406-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Integration; Epithelial cells; Mathematical models; Mammary gland; Structure-function relationships; Reviews; Microenvironments; Cell culture; Pregnancy; Lactation; Mechanical stimuli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10911-004-1406-8 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - An Overview of Environmental Biotechnology AN - 19428653; 5895685 AB - Environmental biotechnology encompasses a wide range of characterization, monitoring and control or remediation technologies that are based on biological processes. Recent breakthroughs in our understanding of biogeochemical processes are leading to exciting new and cost effective ways to monitor and manipulate the environment. Bioremediation has proven to be one of the most cost effective and environmentally sound remediation technologies available at sites where it will work. Though not a "new" technology, given that petroleum land farming is about 50 years old, there are a number of exciting and relevant technologies derived from molecular biology that have tremendous implications for the future of this branch of environmental biotechnology. Emerging technologies in include, bioimmobilization, biocurtains, bioaugmentation, and treatment trains, especially as applied to mixed waste, metals, and radionuclides in the environment. Examples of various new techniques for biostimulation and bioaugmentation and their efficacy will be discussed. The possibilities for genetically modified organisms will be considered along with the reasons that they have not been used for bioremediation up until now. JF - SOILS, SEDIMENTS, AND WATER. AU - Hazen, T C Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 PB - UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Genetically engineered organisms KW - Metals KW - Bioremediation KW - Conferences KW - Pollution clean-up KW - Wastes KW - Sediments KW - Soil KW - Genetically engineered microorganisms KW - Petroleum KW - Reviews KW - Sound KW - Radioisotopes KW - Environmental restoration KW - Biotechnology KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19428653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Biotechnology+Research+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hazen%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Hazen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=An+Overview+of+Environmental+Biotechnology&rft.title=An+Overview+of+Environmental+Biotechnology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative Image Analysis in Mammary Gland Biology AN - 19416157; 6643786 AB - In this paper we present a summary of recent quantitative approaches used for the analysis of macro and microscopic images in mammary gland biology. The advantages and disadvantages of whole mount analysis, reconstruction of serial tissue sections and nucleus/cell segmentation of either conventional and confocal images are discussed, as are applications of quantitative image analysis, such as quantification of protein levels or vasculature measurements in normal tissue and cancer. Integration of quantitative imaging into the further study of the mammary gland holds the promise of better understanding its tissue complexity that evolves during development, differentiation and disease. JF - Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia AU - Fernandez-Gonzalez, Rodrigo AU - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen AU - Ortiz-de-Solorzano, Carlos AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, codesolorzano@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 SP - 343 EP - 359 PB - Plenum Publishing Corp., 233 Spring St. New York NY 10013-1578 USA, [mailto:info@plenum.com], [URL:http://www.plenum.com] VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1083-3021, 1083-3021 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Integration KW - Differentiation KW - Mammary gland KW - Segmentation KW - Image processing KW - Nuclei KW - imaging KW - Cancer KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19416157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mammary+Gland+Biology+and+Neoplasia&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Image+Analysis+in+Mammary+Gland+Biology&rft.au=Fernandez-Gonzalez%2C+Rodrigo%3BBarcellos-Hoff%2C+Mary+Helen%3BOrtiz-de-Solorzano%2C+Carlos&rft.aulast=Fernandez-Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Rodrigo&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Mammary+Gland+Biology+and+Neoplasia&rft.issn=10833021&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10911-004-1405-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Differentiation; Integration; Mammary gland; Segmentation; Image processing; Nuclei; imaging; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10911-004-1405-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of flow properties using surface deformation and head data: A trajectory-based approach AN - 17272448; 6064233 AB - A trajectory-based algorithm provides an efficient and robust means to infer flow properties from surface deformation and head data. The algorithm is based upon the concept of an "arrival time" of a drawdown front, which is defined as the time corresponding to the maximum slope of the drawdown curve. The technique involves three steps: the inference of head changes as a function of position and time, the use of the estimated head changes to define arrival times, and the inversion of the arrival times for flow properties. Trajectories, computed from the output of a numerical simulator, are used to relate the drawdown arrival times to flow properties. The inversion algorithm is iterative, requiring one reservoir simulation for each iteration. The method is applied to data from a set of 14 tiltmeters, located at the Raymond Quarry field site in California. Using the technique, I am able to image a high-conductivity channel which extends to the south of the pumping well. The presence of this permeable pathway is supported by an analysis of earlier cross-well transient pressure test data. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Vasco, D W AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 40 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. W10104 KW - Quarries KW - Drawdown KW - Algorithms KW - USA, California KW - Pumping KW - Slopes KW - Reservoirs KW - Deformation KW - Testing Procedures KW - Simulation KW - Channels KW - Wells KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17272448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+flow+properties+using+surface+deformation+and+head+data%3A+A+trajectory-based+approach&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004WR003272 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drawdown; Algorithms; Deformation; Channels; Pumping; Reservoirs; Slopes; Testing Procedures; Quarries; Simulation; Wells; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003272 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Associations between classroom CO sub(2) concentrations and student attendance in Washington and Idaho AN - 16201094; 6459148 AB - Student attendance in American public schools is a critical factor in securing limited operational funding. Student and teacher attendance influence academic performance. Limited data exist on indoor air and environmental quality (IEQ) in schools, and how IEQ affects attendance, health, or performance. This study explored the association of student absence with measures of indoor minus outdoor carbon dioxide concentration (dCO sub(2)). Absence and dCO sub(2) data were collected from 409 traditional and 25 portable classrooms from 22 schools located in six school districts in the states of Washington and Idaho. Study classrooms had individual heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, except two classrooms without mechanical ventilation. Classroom attributes, student attendance and school-level ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) were included in multivariate modeling. Forty-five percent of classrooms studied had short-term indoor CO sub(2) concentrations above 1000 p.p.m. A 1000 p.p.m. increase in dCO sub(2) was associated (P < 0.05) with a 0.5 -0.9% decrease in annual average daily attendance (ADA), corresponding to a relative 10-20% increase in student absence. Annual ADA was 2% higher (P < 0.0001) in traditional than in portable classrooms. JF - Indoor Air AU - Shendell, D G AU - Prill, R AU - Fisk, W J AU - Apte, M G AU - Blake, D AU - Faulkner, D AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (IED/EETD) 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720-8132, USA, wjfisk@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 SP - 333 EP - 341 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - USA, Washington KW - USA, Idaho KW - schools KW - Ventilation KW - Air conditioning KW - Gender KW - Socioeconomics KW - Environmental quality KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Ethnic groups KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16201094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Associations+between+classroom+CO+sub%282%29+concentrations+and+student+attendance+in+Washington+and+Idaho&rft.au=Shendell%2C+D+G%3BPrill%2C+R%3BFisk%2C+W+J%3BApte%2C+M+G%3BBlake%2C+D%3BFaulkner%2C+D&rft.aulast=Shendell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0668.2004.00251.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ventilation; schools; Air conditioning; Gender; Environmental quality; Socioeconomics; Carbon dioxide; Ethnic groups; USA, Washington; USA, Idaho DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00251.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraining uncertainties about the sources and magnitude of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in ambient air: the state of Minnesota as a case study AN - 16178300; 6021550 AB - Emissions data are often lacking or uncertain for many airborne contaminants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted from combustion sources fall into this category. Currently available ambient-air emission inventories of PAHs either fail to account for population-based activities, such as residential wood combustion (RWC) and motor vehicle (MV) activity, and/or report "total PAH" or particulate organic matter emissions, instead of individual compound emissions. We assess the degree of overlap between predicted concentrations from estimated emissions with measured concentrations. Our analysis is based on probabilistic analysis of measured outdoor air concentrations with those predicted from mass-balance models. Based on available information, we estimate the relative magnitude of emissions from three major sources of PAHs to outdoor air: (1) on-road MVs, including light-duty gasoline vehicles and diesel-powered buses and medium and heavy-duty trucks; (2) RWC; and (3) power generation from external combustion boilers. We use the CalTOX regional multimedia mass-balance model to evaluate our emissions estimates in rural and urban regions of the state of Minnesota, USA. We compare model estimates of outdoor PAH airborne concentrations with those reported by the Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES). With these measured concentrations we probabilistically evaluate the reliability of our emissions estimates for specific PAHs. The median estimates of our predicted outdoor air concentrations agree within an order of magnitude of measured concentrations. For four representative PAHs, we obtain a reasonable degree of overlap between empirical and predicted distributions of outdoor air concentrations. Our combination of models, emissions estimates, and empirical concentration data estimate exposure in a manner that is more reliable than any of these tools alone. Thereby, we increase our confidence about our plausible ranges of emissions and predicted concentrations. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lobscheid, AB AU - McKone, TE AD - Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, ablobscheid@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 SP - 5501 EP - 5515 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 38 IS - 33 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Gasoline motor vehicles KW - Diesel fuel motor vehicles KW - External combustion boilers KW - Residential wood combustion KW - Emissions inventory , KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Gasoline KW - Combustion products KW - Motor vehicles KW - Probability calculations KW - Wood KW - Boilers KW - Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Air quality models KW - Emission inventories KW - Automotive exhaust emissions KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmosphere KW - Urban areas KW - Rural areas KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16178300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Constraining+uncertainties+about+the+sources+and+magnitude+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+%28PAH%29+levels+in+ambient+air%3A+the+state+of+Minnesota+as+a+case+study&rft.au=Lobscheid%2C+AB%3BMcKone%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Lobscheid&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=5501&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2004.06.035 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Probability calculations; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles; Air quality models; Emission inventories; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Combustion products; Gasoline; Motor vehicles; Wood; Boilers; Automotive exhaust emissions; Rural areas; Urban areas; USA, Minnesota DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.06.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal structure of YjeQ from Thermotoga maritima contains a circularly permuted GTPase domain AN - 18065520; 6007155 AB - We have determined the crystal structure of the GDP complex of the YjeQ protein from Thermotoga maritima (TmYjeQ), a member of the YjeQ GTPase subfamaily. TmYjeQ, a homologue of Escherichia coli YjeQ, which is known to bind to the ribosome, is composed of three domains: an N-terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding fold domain, a central GTPase domain, and a C-terminal zinc-finger domain. The crystal structure of TmYjeQ reveals two interesting domains: a circularly permutated GTPase domain and an unusual zinc- finger domain. The binding mode of GDP in the GTPase domain of TmYjeQ is similar to those of GDP or GTP analogs in ras proteins, a prototype GTPase. The N- terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding fold domain, together with the GTPase domain, forms the extended RNA-binding site. The C-terminal domain has an unusual zinc-finger motif composed of Cys-250, Cys-255, Cys-263, and His-257, with a remote structural similarity to a portion of a DNA-repair protein, rad51 fragment. The overall structural features of TmYjeQ make it a good candidate for an RNA-binding protein, which is consistent with the biochemical data of the YjeQ subfamily in binding to the ribosome. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Shin, Dong Hae AU - Lou, Yun AU - Jancarik, Jaru AU - Yokota, Hisao AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Kim, Sung-Hou AD - Berkeley Structural Genomics Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA Y1 - 2004/09/07/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Sep 07 SP - 13198 EP - 13203 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 USA VL - 101 IS - 36 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - YjeQ protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Ras protein KW - GDP KW - RNA-binding protein KW - Escherichia coli KW - Crystal structure KW - GTP KW - Ribosomes KW - Thermotoga maritima KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Guanosinetriphosphatase KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins KW - N 14940:Nucleic acid-binding proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18065520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Crystal+structure+of+YjeQ+from+Thermotoga+maritima+contains+a+circularly+permuted+GTPase+domain&rft.au=Shin%2C+Dong+Hae%3BLou%2C+Yun%3BJancarik%2C+Jaru%3BYokota%2C+Hisao%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BKim%2C+Sung-Hou&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=Dong&rft.date=2004-09-07&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=36&rft.spage=13198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ras protein; RNA-binding protein; GDP; Crystal structure; GTP; Ribosomes; Oligonucleotides; Guanosinetriphosphatase; Escherichia coli; Thermotoga maritima ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring the Structural Dynamics of the E.coli Chaperonin GroEL Using Translation-libration-screw Crystallographic Refinement of Intermediate States AN - 17850801; 6053942 AB - Large rigid-body domain movements are critical to GroEL-mediated protein folding, especially apical domain elevation and twist associated with the formation of a folding chamber upon binding ATP and co-chaperonin GroES. Here, we have modeled the anisotropic displacements of GroEL domains from various crystallized states, unliganded GroEL, ATP plus or minus S-bound, ADP-AlFx/GroES-bound, and ADP/GroES bound, using translation-libration-screw (TLS) analysis. Remarkably, the TLS results show that the inherent motions of unliganded GroEL, a polypeptide-accepting state, are biased along the transition pathway that leads to the folding-active state. In the ADP-AlFx/GroES-bound folding-active state the dynamic modes of the apical domains become reoriented and coupled to the motions of bound GroES. The ADP/GroES complex exhibits these same motions, but they are increased in magnitude, potentially reflecting the decreased stability of the complex after nucleotide hydrolysis. Our results have allowed the visualization of the anisotropic molecular motions that link the static conformations previously observed by X-ray crystallography. Application of the same analyses to other macromolecules where rigid body motions occur may give insight into the large scale dynamics critical for function and thus has the potential to extend our fundamental understanding of molecular machines. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Chaudhry, Charu AU - Horwich, Arthur L AU - Brunger, Axel T AU - Adams, Paul D AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, BLDG 4R0230, Berkeley, CA 94720-8235, USA, pdadams@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/09/03/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Sep 03 SP - 229 EP - 245 VL - 342 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - GroEL protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - X-ray crystallography KW - Translation KW - Macromolecules KW - Anisotropy KW - Protein folding KW - Chaperonins KW - Escherichia coli KW - ATP KW - Hydrolysis KW - Nucleotides KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17850801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Exploring+the+Structural+Dynamics+of+the+E.coli+Chaperonin+GroEL+Using+Translation-libration-screw+Crystallographic+Refinement+of+Intermediate+States&rft.au=Chaudhry%2C+Charu%3BHorwich%2C+Arthur+L%3BBrunger%2C+Axel+T%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Chaudhry&rft.aufirst=Charu&rft.date=2004-09-03&rft.volume=342&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2004.07.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - X-ray crystallography; Translation; Macromolecules; Anisotropy; Protein folding; Chaperonins; ATP; Hydrolysis; Nucleotides; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2004.07.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A triple-continuum approach for modeling flow and transport processes in fractured rock. AN - 66833957; 15336793 AB - This paper presents a triple-continuum conceptual model for simulating flow and transport processes in fractured rock. Field data collected from the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, a repository site of high-level nuclear waste, show a large number of small-scale fractures. The effect of these small fractures has not been considered in previous modeling investigations within the context of a continuum approach. A new triple-continuum model (consisting of matrix, small-fracture, and large-fracture continua) has been developed to investigate the effect of these small fractures. This paper derives the model formulation and discusses the basic triple-continuum behavior of flow and transport processes under different conditions, using both analytical solutions and numerical approaches. The simulation results from the site-scale model of the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain indicate that these small fractures may have an important effect on radionuclide transport within the mountain. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Liu, H H AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. YSWu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 145 EP - 179 VL - 73 IS - 1-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Permeability KW - Geological Phenomena KW - Geology KW - Nevada KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Movements KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66833957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=A+triple-continuum+approach+for+modeling+flow+and+transport+processes+in+fractured+rock.&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BLiu%2C+H+H%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-12-28 N1 - Date created - 2004-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A parallel finite-difference approach for 3D transient electromagnetic modeling with galvanic sources AN - 51741614; 2005-022437 AB - A parallel finite-difference algorithm for the solution of diffusive, three-dimensional (3D) transient electromagnetic field simulations is presented. The purpose of the scheme is the simulation of both electric fields and the time derivative of magnetic fields generated by galvanic sources (grounded wires) over arbitrarily complicated distributions of conductivity and magnetic permeability. Using a staggered grid and a modified DuFort-Frankel method, the scheme steps Maxwell's equations in time. Electric field initialization is done by a conjugate-gradient solution of a 3D Poisson problem, as is common in 3D resistivity modeling. Instead of calculating the initial magnetic field directly, its time derivative and curl are employed in order to advance the electric field in time. A divergence-free condition is enforced for both the magnetic-field time derivative and the total conduction-current density, providing accurate results at late times. In order to simulate large realistic earth models, the algorithm has been designed to run on parallel computer platforms. The upward continuation boundary condition for a stable solution in the infinitely resistive air layer involves a two-dimensional parallel fast Fourier transform. Example simulations are compared with analytical, integral-equation and spectral Lanczos decomposition solutions and demonstrate the accuracy of the scheme. JF - Geophysics AU - Commer, Michael AU - Newman, Gregory Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 1192 EP - 1202 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - transient methods KW - petroleum exploration KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - resistivity KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - electromagnetic methods KW - half-space KW - algorithms KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51741614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=A+parallel+finite-difference+approach+for+3D+transient+electromagnetic+modeling+with+galvanic+sources&rft.au=Commer%2C+Michael%3BNewman%2C+Gregory&rft.aulast=Commer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1801936 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; electromagnetic methods; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; half-space; petroleum; petroleum exploration; reservoir rocks; resistivity; simulation; three-dimensional models; transient methods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1801936 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The dielectric properties of granular media saturated with DNAPL/water mixtures AN - 51718015; 2005-035939 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Ajo-Franklin, J B AU - Geller, J T AU - Harris, J M Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 17 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - saturated materials KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - solvents KW - granular materials KW - dielectric properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - time domain reflectometry KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - trichloroethylene KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51718015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+dielectric+properties+of+granular+media+saturated+with+DNAPL%2Fwater+mixtures&rft.au=Ajo-Franklin%2C+J+B%3BGeller%2C+J+T%3BHarris%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Ajo-Franklin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GL020672 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; dielectric properties; electrical methods; environmental analysis; experimental studies; geophysical methods; granular materials; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; halogenated hydrocarbons; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; radar methods; saturated materials; saturation; solvents; time domain reflectometry; trichloroethylene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL020672 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The streaming potential of liquid carbon dioxide in Berea Sandstone AN - 51717686; 2005-035940 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Moore, Jeffrey AU - Glaser, Steven D AU - Morrison, H Frank AU - Hoversten, G Michael Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 17 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - engineering properties KW - fluid dynamics KW - environmental analysis KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - transport KW - streaming potential KW - P-T conditions KW - liquid phase KW - experimental studies KW - sequestration KW - Paleozoic KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - Berea Sandstone KW - atmosphere KW - electrokinetics KW - porosity KW - gases KW - self-potential methods KW - gas injection KW - physical properties KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - permeability KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51717686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+streaming+potential+of+liquid+carbon+dioxide+in+Berea+Sandstone&rft.au=Moore%2C+Jeffrey%3BGlaser%2C+Steven+D%3BMorrison%2C+H+Frank%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GL020774 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; Berea Sandstone; carbon dioxide; electrical methods; electrokinetics; engineering properties; environmental analysis; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; gas injection; gases; geophysical methods; infiltration; liquid phase; P-T conditions; Paleozoic; permeability; physical properties; porosity; reservoir rocks; saturation; self-potential methods; sequestration; streaming potential; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL020774 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A spatial time series framework for simulating daily precipitation at regional scales AN - 51677411; 2005-063517 AB - A spatiotemporal stochastic simulation approach for constructing maps of daily precipitation at regional scales in a hindcast mode is proposed in this paper. Parametric temporal trend models of precipitation are first established at the available rain gauges. Temporal trend model parameters are then regionalized in space accounting for their spatial auto- and cross-correlation, as well as for their relationships with auxiliary spatial information such as terrain elevation. The resulting residual values at the rain gauges are modeled as a realization of a stationary spatiotemporal process. Sequential simulation is then used to generate alternative synthetic realizations of daily precipitation fields, which reproduce: (i) the rain gauge measurements, and (ii) their histogram and a model for their spatiotemporal correlation over the entire study region and time period of interest. In addition, a post-processing transformation allows reproduction of the rainfall histogram at particular dates, while preserving the observed rain gauge data. A case study illustrates the applicability of the proposed methodology using daily precipitation measurements recorded at 77 rain gauges in the northern California coastal region from Nov 1, 1981 to Jan 31, 1982. Conditional stochastic simulation in space and time is performed for generating a 30-member ensemble of daily precipitation fields on a 300X360 grid of cell size 1 km (super 2) for the above time period. It is shown that simulated precipitation fields reproduce the spatiotemporal characteristics of the rain gauge measurements, thus providing realistic inputs of precipitation forcing for hydrologic impact assessment studies. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Kyriakidis, P C AU - Miller, N L AU - Kim, J Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 236 EP - 255 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 297 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - rainfall KW - statistical analysis KW - kriging KW - mapping KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - digital terrain models KW - simulation KW - models KW - Central Valley KW - case studies KW - California KW - spatial distribution KW - Coast Ranges KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - stochastic processes KW - Monterey Bay KW - mathematical methods KW - Santa Cruz Mountains KW - coastal environment KW - temporal distribution KW - rain KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51677411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+spatial+time+series+framework+for+simulating+daily+precipitation+at+regional+scales&rft.au=Kyriakidis%2C+P+C%3BMiller%2C+N+L%3BKim%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kyriakidis&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=297&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2004.04.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; California; case studies; Central Valley; Coast Ranges; coastal environment; digital terrain models; hydrology; kriging; mapping; mathematical methods; models; Monterey Bay; rain; rainfall; San Francisco Bay region; Santa Cruz Mountains; simulation; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; temporal distribution; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.04.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of programs to promote improved household stoves in China AN - 21148511; 11089304 AB - In 2002, a team of US and Chinese researchers collaborated on an independent, multidisciplinary review of Chinas improved rural household stove programs that have been carried out since the 1980s. The objectives were to delineate and evaluate the methods used to promote improved stoves, to assess the development of commercial stove production and marketing organizations, and to measure the household impacts of the programs through surveys of health, stoves, and indoor air quality. The team found that China implemented broadly successful programs that delivered better stoves to a majority of households in targeted counties. That success was based on strong administrative, technical, and outreach competence and resources situated at the local level, motivated by sustained national-level attention. Despite overstated claims for penetration of improved stoves, mostbiomass stoves now in use have flues and other "improved" aspects, although field efficiencies are less than design efficiencies. However, most coal stoves, even those using improved fuel (briquettes), lack flues and cannot be considered improved. While in most areas "improved" stove technology became "conventional", some areas remain significant exceptions and require intervention. Large roles for government oversight of quality control and support of R&D remain inadequately fulfilled. Most results of indoor air quality monitoring and health surveys were not clear-cut, in part because of the wide variety of fuel and stove combinations used by households. For nearly all household stove/fuel groupings, however, PM4 levels were higher than - and sometimes more than twice as high as - the national standard for indoor air (150 mu g PM sub(10)/m super(3)). If these results are typical, then a large fraction of Chinas rural population is now chronically exposed to levels of pollution far higher than those determined by the Chinese government to harm human health. Improved stoves in the surveyed households did result in reduced PM4 concentrations indoors for biomass fuel combinations. Coal use was associated with elevated levels of CO in exhaled breath, and improved biomass stoves with lower levels. Childhood asthma and adult respiratory disease were positively associated with coal use and negatively associated with improved stoves and good stove maintenance. The benefits of using improved biomass stoves can be outweighed by the use of portable coal stoves without flues. Evaluation of the programs provides important lessons for future initiatives in China and in other countries. JF - Energy for Sustainable Development AU - Sinton, Jonathan E AU - Smith, Kirk R AU - Peabody, John W AU - Yaping, Liu AU - Xiliang, Zhang AU - Edwards, Rufus AU - Quan, Gan AD - Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA., jesinton@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - Sep 2004 SP - 33 EP - 52 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0973-0826, 0973-0826 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Fuels KW - Environmental health KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Coal KW - Public health KW - Efficiency KW - households KW - intervention KW - marketing KW - Asthma KW - Children KW - Biomass KW - Maintenance KW - Reviews KW - Quality control KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Indoor environments KW - Technology KW - Rural areas KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21148511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+for+Sustainable+Development&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+programs+to+promote+improved+household+stoves+in+China&rft.au=Sinton%2C+Jonathan+E%3BSmith%2C+Kirk+R%3BPeabody%2C+John+W%3BYaping%2C+Liu%3BXiliang%2C+Zhang%3BEdwards%2C+Rufus%3BQuan%2C+Gan&rft.aulast=Sinton&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+for+Sustainable+Development&rft.issn=09730826&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0973-0826%2808%2960465-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - marketing; Fuels; Indoor air pollution; Environmental health; Asthma; Coal; Respiratory diseases; Biomass; Children; Maintenance; Public health; households; Efficiency; intervention; Quality control; Reviews; Indoor environments; Rural areas; Technology; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0826(08)60465-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A physically based approach for modeling multiphase fracture-matrix interaction in fractured porous media AN - 17705799; 6033928 AB - A physically based numerical approach is presented for modeling fracture- matrix interaction, which is a key issue for fractured reservoir simulation. Commonly used mathematical models for dealing with such interactions employ a dual- or multiple-continuum concept, in which fractures and matrix are represented as overlapping, different, but interconnected continua, described by parallel sets of conservation equations. The conventional single-point upstream weighting scheme, in which the fracture relative permeability is used to represent the counterpart at the fracture-matrix interface, is the most common scheme by which to estimate flow mobility for fracture-matrix flow terms. However, such a scheme has a serious flaw, which may lead to unphysical solutions or significant numerical errors. To overcome the limitation of the conventional upstream weighting scheme, this paper presents a physically based modeling approach for estimating physically correct relative permeability in calculating multiphase flow between fractures and the matrix, using continuity of capillary pressure at the fracture-matrix interface. The proposed approach has been implemented into two multiphase reservoir simulators and verified using analytical solutions and laboratory experimental data. The new method is demonstrated to be accurate, numerically efficient, and easy to implement in dual- or multiple-continuum models. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Wu, Y-S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, yswu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - Sep 2004 SP - 875 EP - 887 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 27 IS - 9 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Porous Media KW - Mathematical Analysis KW - Reservoirs KW - Model Studies KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17705799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=A+physically+based+approach+for+modeling+multiphase+fracture-matrix+interaction+in+fractured+porous+media&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y-S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Y-S&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=875&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2004.07.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geologic Fractures; Porous Media; Mathematical Analysis; Reservoirs; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.07.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Age and Sex Dependent Variations in the Normal Magnetocardiogram Compared with Changes Associated with Ischemia AN - 831171895; 13865944 AB - Magnetocardiography is the measurement of the magnetic fields of the heart. Human studies performed in magnetically shielded laboratories have demonstrated that magnetocardiograms (MCGs) can detect ischemia. The aim of this study was to obtain clinically useful MCGs in an unshielded hospital room. Other objectives included understanding the normal variations in MCG during repolarization and determining the MCG parameters that best discriminate patients with ischemia from healthy controls. We measured 51 healthy volunteers of both sexes from 25 to 76 years of age and 11 patients with documented exercise-induced ischemia. Resting and postexercise measurements were taken, and several MCG parameters were defined. For 19 of 29 MCG parameters, there were significant differences between healthy females and males (p, 0.05). For nine MCG parameters, there were differences between older and younger healthy subjects (p < 0.01). Therefore the age and sex of a subject should be considered when evaluating the MCG. Thirteen parameters separated the patients from the controls (areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve .80%). The repolarization stabilization interval, a parameter based on the time-evolution of contour maps, performed the best. Magnetocardiography performed in clinical settings is a potential screening tool for ischemia that should be further explored. JF - Annals of Biomedical Engineering AU - Chen, Josephine AU - Thomson, Pate D AU - Nolan, Vickie AU - Clarke, John AD - Department of Physics, University of California, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - Aug 2004 SP - 1088 EP - 1099 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 32 IS - 8 SN - 0090-6964, 0090-6964 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Heart KW - Magnetic fields KW - Age KW - Ischemia KW - Maps KW - Sex KW - Hospitals KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/831171895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Age+and+Sex+Dependent+Variations+in+the+Normal+Magnetocardiogram+Compared+with+Changes+Associated+with+Ischemia&rft.au=Chen%2C+Josephine%3BThomson%2C+Pate+D%3BNolan%2C+Vickie%3BClarke%2C+John&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Josephine&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1088&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.issn=00906964&rft_id=info:doi/10.1114%2FB%3AABME.0000036645.35013.ad LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heart; Magnetic fields; Age; Ischemia; Maps; Hospitals; Sex DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1114/B:ABME.0000036645.35013.ad ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollutant dispersion in a large indoor space: Part 1 -- Scaled experiments using a water-filled model with occupants and furniture. AN - 66652825; 15217479 AB - Scale modeling is a useful tool for analyzing complex indoor spaces. Scale model experiments can reduce experimental costs, improve control of flow and temperature conditions, and provide a practical method for pretesting full-scale system modifications. However, changes in physical scale and working fluid (air or water) can complicate interpretation of the equivalent effects in the full-scale structure. This paper presents a detailed scaling analysis of a water tank experiment designed to model a large indoor space, and experimental results obtained with this model to assess the influence of furniture and people in the pollutant concentration field at breathing height. Theoretical calculations are derived for predicting the effects from losses of molecular diffusion, small scale eddies, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent mass diffusivity in a scale model, even without Reynolds number matching. Pollutant dispersion experiments were performed in a water-filled 30:1 scale model of a large room, using uranine dye injected continuously from a small point source. Pollutant concentrations were measured in a plane, using laser-induced fluorescence techniques, for three interior configurations: unobstructed, table-like obstructions, and table-like and figure-like obstructions. Concentrations within the measurement plane varied by more than an order of magnitude, even after the concentration field was fully developed. Objects in the model interior had a significant effect on both the concentration field and fluctuation intensity in the measurement plane. PRACTICAL IMPLICATION: This scale model study demonstrates both the utility of scale models for investigating dispersion in indoor environments and the significant impact of turbulence created by furnishings and people on pollutant transport from floor level sources. In a room with no furniture or occupants, the average concentration can vary by about a factor of 3 across the room. Adding furniture and occupants can increase this spatial variation by another factor of 3. JF - Indoor air AU - Thatcher, T L AU - Wilson, D J AU - Wood, E E AU - Craig, M J AU - Sextro, R G AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. tlthatcher@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 258 EP - 271 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Movements KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66652825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Pollutant+dispersion+in+a+large+indoor+space%3A+Part+1+--+Scaled+experiments+using+a+water-filled+model+with+occupants+and+furniture.&rft.au=Thatcher%2C+T+L%3BWilson%2C+D+J%3BWood%2C+E+E%3BCraig%2C+M+J%3BSextro%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Thatcher&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-12 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling study of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field, Kamchatka, Russia AN - 51808142; 2004-069310 AB - Exploitation of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field started in 1966 with a 5 MW (sub e) power plant. A hydrogeological model of the Pauzhetsky field has been developed based on an integrated analysis of data on lithological units, temperature, pressure, production zones and natural discharge distributions. A one-layer "well by well" model with specified vertical heat and mass exchange conditions has been used to represent the main features of the production reservoir. Numerical model development was based on the TOUGH2 code [Pruess, 1991. TOUGH2--A General Purpose Numerical Simulator for Multiphase Fluid and Heat Flow, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Report, Berkeley, CA; Pruess et al., 1999. TOUGH2 User's Guide, Version 2.0, Report LBNL-43134, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA] coupled with tables generated by the HOLA wellbore simulator [Aunzo et al., 1991. Wellbore Models GWELL, GWNACL, and HOLA, Users Guide, Draft, 81 pp.]. compiler and computer graphical packages (Didger-3, Surfer-8, Grapher-3) were also used to model the development process. The modeling study of the natural-state conditions was targeted on a temperature distribution match to estimate the natural high-temperature upflow parameters: the mass flow-rate was estimated at 220 kg/s with enthalpy of 830-920 kJ/kg. The modeling study for the 1964-2000 exploitation period of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field was targeted at matching the transient reservoir pressure and flowing enthalpies of the production wells. The modeling study of exploitation confirmed that "double porosity" in the reservoir, with a 10-20% active volume of "fractures," and a thermo-mechanical response to reinjection (including changes in porosity due to compressibility and expansivity), were the key parameters of the model. The calibrated model of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field was used to forecast reservoir behavior under different exploitation scenarios for the central part of the field. The basic scenario assumes that the wellhead pressures of the eight exploitation wells and the injection rates of the three reinjection wells are maintained at the same conditions as of December 2000. In the base case, the model predicts a 12% decline in steam production rate (at 2.7 bar) during the next 30 years, even as the steam supply for the 5 MW (sub e) power plant is maintained. The modeling study confirmed that 30-60 kg/s is an optimal reinjection rate. An increase in the exploitation load has no significant effect on steam production from the central section of the Pauzhetsky field during the 30-year exploitation period; load doubling (eight additional exploitation wells) leads to a mere 16-27% increase in steam production. JF - Geothermics AU - Kiryukhin, Alexey V (Aleksey V) AU - Yampolsky, Vladimir A A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 421 EP - 442 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - Russian Pacific region KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - Kamchatka Peninsula KW - Russian Federation KW - simulation KW - production KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - Pauzhetsky Field KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Asia KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51808142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Modeling+study+of+the+Pauzhetsky+geothermal+field%2C+Kamchatka%2C+Russia&rft.au=Kiryukhin%2C+Alexey+V+%28Aleksey+V%29%3BYampolsky%2C+Vladimir+A&rft.aulast=Kiryukhin&rft.aufirst=Alexey+V+%28Aleksey&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=421&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; hydrology; Kamchatka Peninsula; numerical models; Pauzhetsky Field; production; Russian Federation; Russian Pacific region; simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the dewatering and depressurization of the Lihir open-pit gold mine, Papua New Guinea AN - 51805035; 2004-069311 AB - The open pit at the Lihir Gold Mine, Papua New Guinea, is planned ultimately to reach more than 200 m below sea level. Cooling and depressurization of the geothermal resource associated with the gold mineralisation is an essential part of the mining operation. This paper deals with the development of a numerical model of the resource capable of representing reservoir processes associated with shallow dewatering, geothermal development and providing sufficient detail for pit-wall stability calculations. Use was made of iTOUGH2 [Finsterle, 1999. iTOUGH2 User's Guide, Report LBNL-40040] running on a cluster of LINUX workstations to aid the fitting of some model parameters. Use of this program in a parallel computational environment was essential to complete the parameter fitting in an acceptable time.A detailed model containing almost 90,000 elements has been developed as an aid to pit-wall stability calculations and this has been run on a Cray and a LINUX cluster using a multiprocessor version of TOUGH2 recently developed at LBNL [Zhang et al., 2001. Parallel computing technique for large-scale reservoir simulation of multi-component and multiple fluid flow]. JF - Geothermics AU - White, Stephen P AU - Creighton, Ashley L AU - Bixley, Paul F AU - Kissling, Warwick M A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 443 EP - 456 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - mining KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - data processing KW - stability KW - production KW - Cenozoic KW - Papua New Guinea KW - mining geology KW - gold ores KW - open-pit mining KW - mine dewatering KW - Quaternary KW - numerical models KW - Australasia KW - surface mining KW - Miocene KW - boundary conditions KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - geothermal fields KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - metal ores KW - Pleistocene KW - Lihir Mine KW - 26A:Economic geology, general, deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51805035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+dewatering+and+depressurization+of+the+Lihir+open-pit+gold+mine%2C+Papua+New+Guinea&rft.au=White%2C+Stephen+P%3BCreighton%2C+Ashley+L%3BBixley%2C+Paul+F%3BKissling%2C+Warwick+M&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; boundary conditions; Cenozoic; computer programs; data processing; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; gold ores; igneous rocks; Lihir Mine; metal ores; mine dewatering; mining; mining geology; Miocene; Neogene; numerical models; open-pit mining; Papua New Guinea; Pleistocene; production; Quaternary; stability; surface mining; Tertiary; TOUGH2; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computer modelling of the Wairakei-Tauhara geothermal system, New Zealand AN - 51804552; 2004-069309 AB - The Wairakei-Tauhara geothermal system has been of interest as a modelling test case for a number of years. In particular it has been the subject of modelling studies at the University of Auckland since the early 1980s. The model presented here is the latest in a succession of these models. During the last 5 years the model has been significantly updated. Grid refinement, manual calibration and automated calibration, using the iTOUGH2 code, have been used to improve the model, which now agrees well with most of the available field data. JF - Geothermics AU - Mannington, Warren AU - O'Sullivan, Michael J AU - Bullivant, David A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 401 EP - 419 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - Australasia KW - source rocks KW - simulation KW - production KW - North Island KW - history KW - geothermal energy KW - Wairakei KW - geothermal fields KW - Tauhara Field KW - Tauhara KW - New Zealand KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51804552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Computer+modelling+of+the+Wairakei-Tauhara+geothermal+system%2C+New+Zealand&rft.au=Mannington%2C+Warren%3BO%27Sullivan%2C+Michael+J%3BBullivant%2C+David&rft.aulast=Mannington&rft.aufirst=Warren&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; history; New Zealand; North Island; production; simulation; source rocks; Tauhara; Tauhara Field; Wairakei DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eulerian-Lagrangian tracer simulation with TOUGH2 AN - 51804053; 2004-069315 AB - Tracer simulations carried out using the TOUGH2 reservoir simulator are prone to numerical dispersion. This paper describes the development of a separate Lagrange-Galerkin finite-element tracer simulator, used in conjunction with TOUGH2, that introduces minimal numerical dispersion. This approach raises the problem of converting the TOUGH2 flow fields to finite-element format. A new method is presented for carrying out this conversion using a quadratic minimisation technique. Details are given of an initial implementation of the Lagrange-Galerkin method in a tracer simulator, together with example test results to demonstrate its low numerical dispersion. JF - Geothermics AU - Croucher, Adrian E AU - O'Sullivan, Michael J AU - Kikuchi, Tsuneo AU - Yasuda, Yoshio A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 503 EP - 520 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - formation evaluation KW - tracers KW - reservoir properties KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51804053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Eulerian-Lagrangian+tracer+simulation+with+TOUGH2&rft.au=Croucher%2C+Adrian+E%3BO%27Sullivan%2C+Michael+J%3BKikuchi%2C+Tsuneo%3BYasuda%2C+Yoshio&rft.aulast=Croucher&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; formation evaluation; geothermal energy; ground water; numerical models; reservoir properties; simulation; TOUGH2; tracers; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport modeling of injection well scaling and acidizing at Tiwi Field, Philippines AN - 51804019; 2004-069313 AB - Hot brine injector Nag-67 in the Tiwi geothermal field (Philippines) had been in operation for over 10 years when injectivity decline indicated a workover was required in 2000. The operation consisted of drilling-out wellbore scale followed by acid dissolution of scale formed in the near-wellbore formation. The workover increased the injection capacity of the well to near its initial-use capacity. Scale-volume estimates from brine chemistry, and from stoichiometric amounts of silica dissolved during the acidizing, suggested that the decrease in injectivity was largely due to scale deposition in the near-well formation. Reactive transport modeling was used to simulate mineral deposition and injectivity loss. A porosity-permeability relationship was calibrated using observed injection indexes to reproduce the loss of injectivity. The relationship captured very well the steep loss of injectivity, and the simulated amounts of precipitated amorphous silica were consistent with the estimated amounts from field data. Significant precipitation of amorphous silica, and reductions in porosity and permeability, were predicted to occur mainly within a 10 m radius from the well. Injectivity recovery by acid injection was also simulated, and the predicted amount of amorphous silica dissolved by acid was consistent with the estimated amount. JF - Geothermics AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Ontoy, Yvette AU - Molling, Phil AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Parini, Mauro AU - Pruess, Karsten A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 477 EP - 491 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - Far East KW - numerical models KW - enhanced recovery KW - production KW - porosity KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - fluid injection KW - Philippine Islands KW - Tiwi Field KW - brines KW - Asia KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51804019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+modeling+of+injection+well+scaling+and+acidizing+at+Tiwi+Field%2C+Philippines&rft.au=Xu%2C+Tianfu%3BOntoy%2C+Yvette%3BMolling%2C+Phil%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BParini%2C+Mauro%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Tianfu&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; brines; computer programs; enhanced recovery; Far East; fluid injection; geothermal energy; models; numerical models; permeability; Philippine Islands; porosity; production; Tiwi Field; TOUGH2 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TOUGH symposium 2003 AN - 51802465; 2004-069308 JF - Geothermics A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 556 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - geothermal energy KW - utilization KW - symposia KW - TOUGH KW - report KW - research KW - production KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51802465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=TOUGH+symposium+2003&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geothermal energy; production; report; research; symposia; TOUGH; utilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralium Deposita AN - 51771881; 2004-084897 JF - Mineralium Deposita AU - Kesler, Stephen AU - Chesley, John T AU - Christensen, John N AU - Hagni, Richard D AU - Heijlen, Wouter AU - Kyle, J Richard AU - Muchez, Philippe AU - Misra, Kula C AU - Van der Voo, Rob Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 512 EP - 514 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0026-4598, 0026-4598 KW - mineral exploration KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - U/Pb KW - fluid phase KW - Europe KW - Rb/Sr KW - Pine Point Deposit KW - Cenozoic KW - mississippi valley-type deposits KW - metallogeny KW - dates KW - absolute age KW - mineralization KW - tectonics KW - geochemistry KW - lead ores KW - zinc ores KW - structural controls KW - sphalerite KW - paleomagnetism KW - orogenic belts KW - forelands KW - Miocene KW - models KW - massive sulfide deposits KW - Tertiary KW - Canada KW - Neogene KW - metal ores KW - massive deposits KW - Pyrenees KW - sulfides KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51771881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralium+Deposita&rft.atitle=Mineralium+Deposita&rft.au=Kesler%2C+Stephen%3BChesley%2C+John+T%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BHagni%2C+Richard+D%3BHeijlen%2C+Wouter%3BKyle%2C+J+Richard%3BMuchez%2C+Philippe%3BMisra%2C+Kula+C%3BVan+der+Voo%2C+Rob&rft.aulast=Kesler&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralium+Deposita&rft.issn=00264598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00126-004-0422-3 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(ih4wkybz23lun355i0sqkl45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100445,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Bradley, D. C. and Leach, D. L., Miner. Deposita, Vol. 38, p. 652-667, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MIDEBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Canada; Cenozoic; dates; Europe; fluid phase; forelands; geochemistry; lead ores; massive deposits; massive sulfide deposits; metal ores; metallogeny; mineral deposits, genesis; mineral exploration; mineralization; Miocene; mississippi valley-type deposits; models; Neogene; orogenic belts; paleomagnetism; Pine Point Deposit; Pyrenees; Rb/Sr; sphalerite; structural controls; sulfides; tectonics; Tertiary; U/Pb; zinc ores DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-004-0422-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The quest for better wine using geophysics AN - 51696931; 2005-050781 JF - Geotimes AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Rubin, Yoram Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 30 EP - 34 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 49 IS - 8 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - wine KW - water KW - United States KW - soils KW - Plantae KW - technology KW - geophysical surveys KW - Australasia KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - optimization KW - California KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - Australia KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51696931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=The+quest+for+better+wine+using+geophysics&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan%3BRubin%2C+Yoram&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.geotimes.org/current/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; California; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground-penetrating radar; moisture; optimization; Plantae; radar methods; remote sensing; soils; surveys; technology; United States; water; wine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Basaltic explosive volcanism, but no comet impact, at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary; high-resolution chemical and isotopic records from Egypt, Spain and Denmark AN - 51622242; 2006-021921 AB - In the search for a triggering mechanism for the Paleocene-Eocene (P-E) boundary event, 55 Ma, centimeter-resolution chemical (e.g., Ir, Os, Pt) and isotope (e.g., (super 187) Os/ (super 188) Os, (super 3) He/ (super 4) He, (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr) records across this boundary have been established for six uplifted marine sections in Egypt, Spain and Denmark. The sections studied represent some of the stratigraphically most complete records across the onset of the carbon isotopic excursion (CIE) and associated benthic foraminifera extinctions that mark the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. High-sensitivity analyses failed to uncover evidence of extraterrestrial element or isotope enrichments in the six sections, refuting the hypothesis of a major comet impact at the boundary. Preliminary searches for other impact-indicative features, such as spherules or shocked quartz, also gave negative results. In the Danish section studied, three basaltic Ir-rich ash layers occur at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary, but no similar ashes were found in Egypt or Spain. The three ashes represent the earliest known manifestation of an unusual 1 to 2 million year long phase of explosive basaltic volcanism in the Faero-Greenland region. This volcanism is synchronous with major flood basalt effusions in East Greenland and is associated with prominent paleogeographic changes in the high-latitude North Atlantic region. Discharge of mantle-derived Os to seawater during this volcanism may explain a small decrease in (super 187) Os/ (super 188) Os ratio at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary in the Zumaya section in Spain. The environmental perturbations at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary appear to have been triggered by basaltic volcanism, but any model for the detailed causal relation remains speculative. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Schmitz, Birger AU - Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard AU - Heilmann-Clausen, Claus AU - Aberg, Goran AU - Asaro, Frank AU - Lee, Cin-Ty A Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 225 IS - 1-2 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - North Africa KW - mass spectra KW - Europe KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - Os-188/Os-187 KW - Granada Spain KW - platinum group KW - explosive eruptions KW - Zumaya Spain KW - Southern Europe KW - Foraminifera KW - Ermua Spain KW - Andalusia Spain KW - carbon KW - Paleocene KW - basalts KW - Alamedilla Spain KW - chemostratigraphy KW - Invertebrata KW - Denmark KW - depositional environment KW - high-resolution methods KW - Plantae KW - Protista KW - Gebel Duwi KW - Eocene KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Jutland KW - Paleogene KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - Tertiary KW - Scandinavia KW - palynomorphs KW - Africa KW - Osterrenden Denmark KW - osmium KW - He-4/He-3 KW - strontium KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - Spain KW - igneous rocks KW - algae KW - stable isotopes KW - Cenozoic KW - major elements KW - volcanism KW - noble gases KW - helium KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Western Europe KW - assemblages KW - isotope ratios KW - Dinoflagellata KW - sedimentation KW - Dababiya Quarry KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Egypt KW - paleoenvironment KW - nannofossils KW - metals KW - stratigraphic boundary KW - Olst Formation KW - microfossils KW - Basque Provinces Spain KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51622242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Basaltic+explosive+volcanism%2C+but+no+comet+impact%2C+at+the+Paleocene-Eocene+boundary%3B+high-resolution+chemical+and+isotopic+records+from+Egypt%2C+Spain+and+Denmark&rft.au=Schmitz%2C+Birger%3BPeucker-Ehrenbrink%2C+Bernhard%3BHeilmann-Clausen%2C+Claus%3BAberg%2C+Goran%3BAsaro%2C+Frank%3BLee%2C+Cin-Ty+A&rft.aulast=Schmitz&rft.aufirst=Birger&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=225&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2004.06.017 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Alamedilla Spain; algae; alkaline earth metals; Andalusia Spain; assemblages; basalts; Basque Provinces Spain; C-13/C-12; carbon; Cenozoic; chemostratigraphy; Dababiya Quarry; Denmark; depositional environment; Dinoflagellata; Egypt; Eocene; Ermua Spain; Europe; explosive eruptions; Foraminifera; Gebel Duwi; geochemistry; Granada Spain; He-4/He-3; helium; high-resolution methods; Iberian Peninsula; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; Invertebrata; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jutland; major elements; mass spectra; metals; microfossils; nannofossils; noble gases; North Africa; Olst Formation; Os-188/Os-187; osmium; Osterrenden Denmark; Paleocene; paleoenvironment; Paleogene; palynomorphs; Plantae; platinum group; Protista; Scandinavia; sedimentation; Southern Europe; Spain; spectra; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; stratigraphic boundary; strontium; Tertiary; volcanic rocks; volcanism; Western Europe; Zumaya Spain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.06.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TOUGH symposium AN - 51134512; 2005-061924 JF - Vadose Zone Journal A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 737 EP - 925 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - hydrology KW - computer programs KW - symposia KW - TOUGH KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - hydrogeology KW - applications KW - research KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=TOUGH+symposium&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately; accessed on January 6, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; hydrogeology; hydrology; movement; research; symposia; TOUGH; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling biodegradation of organic contaminants under multiphase conditions with TMVOCBio AN - 51134247; 2005-061937 AB - he existing TMVOC numerical reservoir simulator, developed to model the migration of organic mixtures in the subsurface under multiphase conditions, was improved by adding capabilities for the modeling of aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation reactions of hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents. Reactive transport is coupled with the multiphase nonisothermal flow of multicomponent fluid mixtures containing water and sets of user-defined noncondensible gases (NCG), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and dissolved solids. The mathematical formulation of biodegradation reactions, a modified version of that developed for the BIOMOC computer code, is presented together with underlying assumptions. TMVOCBio allows the modeling of simultaneously occurring aerobic and anaerobic degradation processes involving multiple organic substrates, electron acceptors (EA), and nutrients, accounting for the inhibition phenomena conventionally considered by other analytical and numerical codes. Code verification against accurate numerical solutions and code validation against published laboratory and field experimental results relevant to saturated subsurface systems showed good agreement. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Battistelli, Alfredo Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 875 EP - 883 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - oxygen KW - Kent County Delaware KW - soil vapor extraction KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - laboratory studies KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - phase equilibria KW - digital simulation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - dichloroethenes KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - Delaware KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - TMVOCBio KW - gases KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved oxygen KW - volatile organic compounds KW - multiphase flow KW - anaerobic environment KW - TMVOC KW - military facilities KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Modeling+biodegradation+of+organic+contaminants+under+multiphase+conditions+with+TMVOCBio&rft.au=Battistelli%2C+Alfredo&rft.aulast=Battistelli&rft.aufirst=Alfredo&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=875&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 10, 2005; includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; data processing; Delaware; dichloroethenes; digital simulation; dissolved oxygen; Dover Air Force Base; experimental studies; field studies; gases; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Kent County Delaware; laboratory studies; mathematical models; military facilities; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; oxygen; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; solutes; tetrachloroethylene; TMVOC; TMVOCBio; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of rock heterogeneity on lateral diversion of water flow at the soil-rock interface AN - 51133628; 2005-061929 AB - Groundwater recharge is an important, yet often a highly uncertain upper boundary condition in groundwater flow models for fractured rock. The net infiltration at ground surface can often be estimated from water budgets, but the redistribution of water between a soil layer and the underlying bedrock is much more difficult to quantify. To address this question, we studied the role of lateral flow diversion at the soil-rock interface and how it influences the percentage of net infiltration that becomes inflow into the bedrock. Numerical experiments were performed with different net infiltration conditions, soil-rock hydraulic conductivity contrasts, hydraulic gradients, and most notably, rock heterogeneity. The rock was first represented as a deterministic homogeneous continuum, then as a stochastic heterogeneous continuum and analyzed with Monte Carlo simulations. The heterogeneous simulations predicted a large variation in the inflow into the rock between different stochastic realizations (from 50 to 100% of the net infiltration). Furthermore, at high hydraulic gradients in the bedrock, the mean flux into the rock from the heterogeneous simulations was smaller than the corresponding results from the homogeneous medium. The heterogeneous simulations showed formation of local unsaturated zones below the groundwater table. These occurred in cases with large hydraulic gradients at locations with large hydraulic conductivity contrasts, with low-conductive regions overlying high-conductive ones. This phenomenon was not captured with the homogenous models, which thereby may overestimate flux into fractured rock in cases where hydraulic gradients are large. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Bockgard, Niclas AU - Niemi, Auli A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 786 EP - 795 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - TOUGH2 KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - soil-rock interface KW - unsaturated zone KW - fracturing KW - boundary conditions KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - computer programs KW - water table KW - lateral flow KW - recharge KW - heterogeneous materials KW - quantitative analysis KW - Transport of Unsaturated Groundwater and Heat KW - infiltration KW - movement KW - interfaces KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water resources KW - rocks KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Role+of+rock+heterogeneity+on+lateral+diversion+of+water+flow+at+the+soil-rock+interface&rft.au=Bockgard%2C+Niclas%3BNiemi%2C+Auli&rft.aulast=Bockgard&rft.aufirst=Niclas&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=786&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 6, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; computer programs; fracturing; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; infiltration; interfaces; lateral flow; movement; numerical models; quantitative analysis; recharge; rocks; soil-rock interface; soils; TOUGH2; Transport of Unsaturated Groundwater and Heat; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water resources; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical and numerical model of colloidal silica injection for passive site stabilization AN - 51131609; 2005-061941 AB - Passive site stabilization is a new technology proposed for nondisruptive mitigation of liquefaction risk at developed sites susceptible to liquefaction. This technology is based on the concept of slow injection of stabilizing materials at the edge of a site and delivery of the stabilizer to the target location by using the natural or augmented groundwater flow. In this research, a box model was used to investigate the ability to uniformly deliver colloidal silica stabilizer to loose sands using low-head injection and extraction wells. Five injection wells and two extraction wells were used to deliver stabilizer in a generally uniform pattern to the loose sand formation. Numerical modeling was used to identify the key parameters affecting stabilizer migration and to determine their effective values for the box experiment. In our modeling approach, the stabilizer is treated as a miscible fluid, the viscosity of which is a function of time and the concentration of stabilizer in the pore water. Inverse modeling techniques are employed to reproduce data from the laboratory experiment for the determination of soil and stabilizer properties. While the details of the stabilizer distribution were difficult to reproduce with the simplified conceptual model we used, the overall system behavior was well captured, providing confidence that numerical simulation is a useful tool for designing centrifuge model tests, pilot tests, and eventually field stabilizer-injection projects. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Gallagher, Patricia M AU - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 917 EP - 925 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - TOUGH2 KW - methods KW - data processing KW - liquefaction KW - physical models KW - ground water KW - foundations KW - transport KW - silica KW - seismic risk KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - box models KW - soils KW - stabilization KW - colloidal materials KW - numerical models KW - injection KW - preventive measures KW - computer programs KW - viscosity KW - multiphase flow KW - risk assessment KW - earthquakes KW - pore water KW - sandbox models KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Physical+and+numerical+model+of+colloidal+silica+injection+for+passive+site+stabilization&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+Patricia+M%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 10, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - box models; colloidal materials; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; earthquakes; foundations; ground water; injection; liquefaction; methods; movement; multiphase flow; numerical models; physical models; pore water; preventive measures; risk assessment; sandbox models; seismic risk; silica; soils; stabilization; TOUGH2; transport; viscosity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled processes of fluid flow, solute transport, and geochemical reactions in reactive barriers AN - 51131574; 2005-061936 AB - A complex pattern of coupling between fluid flow and mass transport develops when heterogeneous reactions occur. For instance, dissolution and precipitation reactions can change a porous medium's physical properties, such as pore geometry and thus permeability. These changes influence fluid flow, which in turn impacts the composition of dissolved constituents and the solid phases, and the rate and direction of advective transport. Two-dimensional modeling studies using TOUGHREACT were conducted to investigate the coupling between flow and transport developed as a consequence of differences in density, dissolution-precipitation, and medium heterogeneity. The model includes equilibrium reactions for aqueous species, kinetic reactions between the solid phases and aqueous constituents, and full coupling of porosity and permeability changes resulting from precipitation and dissolution reactions in porous media. In addition, a new permeability relationship is implemented in TOUGHREACT to examine the effects of geochemical reactions and density difference on plume migration in porous media. Generally, the evolutions in the concentrations of the aqueous phase are intimately related to the reaction-front dynamics. Plugging of the medium contributed to significant transients in patterns of flow and mass transport. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Kim, Jeongkon AU - Schwartz, Franklin W AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Choi, Heechul AU - Kim, In S A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 867 EP - 874 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - TOUGH2 KW - solute transport KW - numerical models KW - density KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - coupling KW - porous materials KW - fluid phase KW - porosity KW - computer programs KW - heterogeneous materials KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - multiphase flow KW - TOUGHREACT KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - permeability KW - homogeneous materials KW - disposal barriers KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Coupled+processes+of+fluid+flow%2C+solute+transport%2C+and+geochemical+reactions+in+reactive+barriers&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jeongkon%3BSchwartz%2C+Franklin+W%3BXu%2C+Tianfu%3BChoi%2C+Heechul%3BKim%2C+In+S&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jeongkon&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 10, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; computer programs; coupling; data processing; density; digital simulation; disposal barriers; fluid phase; geochemistry; heterogeneous materials; homogeneous materials; multiphase flow; numerical models; permeability; porosity; porous materials; solute transport; TOUGH2; TOUGHREACT; transport; unsaturated zone; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of the unsaturated zone in artificial recharge at San Gorgonio Pass, California AN - 51131513; 2005-061927 AB - The hydrogeology of the unsaturated zone plays a critical role in determining the suitability of a site for artificial recharge. Optimally, a suitable site has highly permeable soils, a capacity for horizontal flow at the aquifer boundary, a lack of impeding layers, and a thick unsaturated zone. The suitability of a site is often determined by field and laboratory measurements of soil properties, field experiments, and numerical modeling. An artificial recharge site in the San Gorgonio Pass area in southern California, USA was studied to better understand the role of the unsaturated zone in artificial recharge by surface spreading. Field measurements and observations were used to characterize the site and to develop a conceptual model of the unsaturated zone. A numerical model was developed based on the conceptual model and calibrated using data from a 50-d artificial recharge experiment conducted in 1991 and borehole data collected between 1997 and 2002. Results indicate that an impeding layer exists 70 m below land surface that will cause lateral diversion of artificially recharged water, which would spread out and delay recharge to the water table 185 m below land surface. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Flint, Alan L AU - Ellett, Kevin M A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 763 EP - 774 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - data processing KW - artificial recharge KW - unsaturated zone KW - Riverside County California KW - computer programs KW - California KW - laboratory studies KW - San Gorgonio Pass KW - Little San Gorgonio Creek KW - water resources KW - San Bernardino County California KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=The+role+of+the+unsaturated+zone+in+artificial+recharge+at+San+Gorgonio+Pass%2C+California&rft.au=Flint%2C+Alan+L%3BEllett%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=763&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 6, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - artificial recharge; California; computer programs; data processing; experimental studies; field studies; laboratory studies; Little San Gorgonio Creek; numerical models; Riverside County California; San Bernardino County California; San Gorgonio Pass; TOUGH2; United States; unsaturated zone; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling seismic wave propagation during fluid injection in a fractured network; effects of pore fluid pressure on time-lapse seismic signatures AN - 50886318; 2004-074335 JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Liu, Enru AU - Vlastos, Serafeim AU - Li, Xiang-Yang AU - Main, Ian G AU - Schoenberg, Michael AU - Latimer, Rebecca Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 778 EP - 783 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 23 IS - 8 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - fractured materials KW - petroleum engineering KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - elastic waves KW - waveforms KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - pore pressure KW - time-lapse methods KW - reservoir properties KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - anisotropy KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50886318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+seismic+wave+propagation+during+fluid+injection+in+a+fractured+network%3B+effects+of+pore+fluid+pressure+on+time-lapse+seismic+signatures&rft.au=Liu%2C+Enru%3BVlastos%2C+Serafeim%3BLi%2C+Xiang-Yang%3BMain%2C+Ian+G%3BSchoenberg%2C+Michael%3BLatimer%2C+Rebecca&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Enru&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; elastic waves; finite difference analysis; fluid dynamics; fluid injection; fractured materials; fractures; geophysical methods; oil and gas fields; petroleum engineering; pore pressure; propagation; reservoir properties; seismic methods; seismic waves; simulation; time-lapse methods; waveforms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation studies of gas production from marine hydrate accumulations AN - 50561883; 2008-131448 JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Moridis, George AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 1252 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 32, Part 2 KW - methane KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - gas hydrates KW - thermal conductivity KW - offshore KW - natural gas KW - thermal properties KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - properties KW - alkanes KW - simulation KW - production KW - petroleum accumulation KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - organic compounds KW - marine sediments KW - saturation KW - heat flow KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50561883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+studies+of+gas+production+from+marine+hydrate+accumulations&rft.au=Moridis%2C+George%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=32%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Italia 2004; 32nd international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; boundary conditions; gas hydrates; heat flow; hydrocarbons; marine sediments; methane; natural gas; numerical models; offshore; organic compounds; petroleum; petroleum accumulation; pressure; production; properties; reservoir rocks; saturation; sediments; simulation; thermal conductivity; thermal properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Security of geologic storage projects AN - 50513300; 2009-019212 JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Benson, Sally AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 837 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 32, Part 2 KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - underground storage KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - simulation KW - emissivity KW - remediation KW - gases KW - carbon dioxide KW - environmental management KW - mitigation KW - safety KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50513300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Security+of+geologic+storage+projects&rft.au=Benson%2C+Sally%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Benson&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=32%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Italia 2004; 32nd international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; emissivity; environmental management; gases; mitigation; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; remediation; safety; simulation; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction, monitoring and verification of CO (sub 2) movement; results from the IEA Weyburn CO (sub 2) storage and monitoring project AN - 50511860; 2009-019216 JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - White, Donald J AU - Hirsche, Keith AU - Davis, Tom AU - Majer, Ernie AU - Burrowes, Geoff AU - Adair, Ryan AU - Maxwell, Shawn AU - Fabriol, Hubert AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 838 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 32, Part 2 KW - geophysical surveys KW - geologic hazards KW - well-logging KW - petroleum KW - global change KW - elastic waves KW - simulation KW - oil and gas fields KW - climate change KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - environmental management KW - oil wells KW - seismicity KW - Weyburn Field KW - movement KW - microseisms KW - greenhouse effect KW - Williston Basin KW - climate KW - North America KW - body waves KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - underground storage KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - boreholes KW - Canada KW - underground installations KW - surveys KW - Western Canada KW - seismic waves KW - waste disposal KW - Saskatchewan KW - underground disposal KW - S-waves KW - 29B:Economic geology, economics of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50511860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Prediction%2C+monitoring+and+verification+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+movement%3B+results+from+the+IEA+Weyburn+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+and+monitoring+project&rft.au=White%2C+Donald+J%3BHirsche%2C+Keith%3BDavis%2C+Tom%3BMajer%2C+Ernie%3BBurrowes%2C+Geoff%3BAdair%2C+Ryan%3BMaxwell%2C+Shawn%3BFabriol%2C+Hubert%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=32%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=838&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Italia 2004; 32nd international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; boreholes; Canada; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; climate; climate change; elastic waves; environmental management; geologic hazards; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; global change; greenhouse effect; injection; microseisms; models; monitoring; movement; North America; oil and gas fields; oil wells; petroleum; pollutants; pollution; prediction; reservoir rocks; S-waves; Saskatchewan; seismic methods; seismic waves; seismicity; simulation; surveys; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; well-logging; Western Canada; Weyburn Field; Williston Basin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of the radius of influence for landfill gas wells AN - 50291344; 2005-061940 AB - In North America, most domestic waste produced is disposed in landfills. These sites generate leachate and gas, mainly CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) , which are harmful for the environment if not properly controlled. The design of active landfill gas recovery systems is based in large part on the radius of influence of vertical pumping wells. This parameter is commonly estimated empirically. This study presents results of numerical simulations of the radius of influence of gas recovery wells for different site conditions. The simulations were performed with the TOUGH2-LGM simulator. In the simulation scenarios, the radius of influence was defined in relation to several factors: the waste thickness, the generation rate of CH (sub 4) gas in the waste, and CH (sub 4) concentration in the recovered landfill gas. The results are presented in the form of general graphs that are not site-specific. The adequacy of the results still needs to be validated against field measurements. On the basis of simulation results, a systematic approach is proposed for the design of landfill gas recovery systems, and this approach is illustrated with a hypothetic example. This approach should guide landfill managers and engineers in the design of landfill gas recovery systems. The simulations only considered cases where landfills are open to the atmosphere, which are representative of most operating conditions. The results thus do not apply to post-closure conditions usually involving an impermeable cover built on top of the waste. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Vigneault, Harold AU - Lefebvre, Rene AU - Nastev, Miroslav A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 909 EP - 916 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - TOUGH2 KW - Quebec KW - natural gas KW - landfills KW - data processing KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - unsaturated zone KW - gas recovery wells KW - petroleum KW - carbon dioxide KW - waste management KW - spatial distribution KW - digital simulation KW - leachate KW - methane KW - numerical models KW - Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec KW - alkanes KW - recovery KW - computer programs KW - organic compounds KW - landfill gas generation KW - Canada KW - hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - Montreal Quebec KW - Eastern Canada KW - design KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50291344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+the+radius+of+influence+for+landfill+gas+wells&rft.au=Vigneault%2C+Harold%3BLefebvre%2C+Rene%3BNastev%2C+Miroslav&rft.aulast=Vigneault&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=909&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 10, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Canada; carbon dioxide; computer programs; data processing; design; digital simulation; Eastern Canada; gas recovery wells; hydrocarbons; landfill gas generation; landfills; leachate; methane; Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec; Montreal Quebec; natural gas; numerical models; organic compounds; petroleum; Quebec; recovery; spatial distribution; TOUGH2; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of nonisothermal multiphase modeling to in situ soil remediation in Soderkulla AN - 50290294; 2005-061939 AB - Nonisothermal multiphase modeling with the T2VOC numerical simulator was used as an integration tool in an in situ remediation project in which trichloroethylene (TCE)-contaminated soil was treated with thermally (steam) enhanced soil vapor extraction. Numerical simulation studies were employed in the iterative conceptualization of the migration of the contaminants and the effects of different treatment operations, in the planning of optimal system design and control of the remediation processes, as well as for integration of information obtained from field investigations during different phases of the project. Modeling proved to be a valuable tool in planning and decision making. It was, however, difficult to forecast the costs or the duration of the project, since the actual TCE mass and distribution was poorly known. The power of modeling lies in its ability to compare the effect of different strategies or measures on the cleanup efficiency, and in studying the associated effects during the treatments. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Kling, Terhi AU - Korlealaakso, Juhani AU - Saarenpaa, Jukka A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 901 EP - 908 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - TOUGH2 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Sibbo Finland KW - finite difference analysis KW - soil vapor extraction KW - data processing KW - water vapor KW - Europe KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Soderkulla Estate KW - heat flow KW - digital simulation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - soils KW - Southern Finland Province KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - in situ KW - Finland KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - zero-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - computer programs KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - multiphase flow KW - T2VOC KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50290294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Application+of+nonisothermal+multiphase+modeling+to+in+situ+soil+remediation+in+Soderkulla&rft.au=Kling%2C+Terhi%3BKorlealaakso%2C+Juhani%3BSaarenpaa%2C+Jukka&rft.aulast=Kling&rft.aufirst=Terhi&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 10, 2005; includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; Europe; finite difference analysis; Finland; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heat flow; in situ; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Scandinavia; Sibbo Finland; Soderkulla Estate; soil vapor extraction; soils; Southern Finland Province; T2VOC; temperature; tetrachloroethylene; TOUGH2; water vapor; Western Europe; zero-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EOSN; a new TOUGH2 module for simulating transport of noble gases in the subsurface AN - 50288215; 2004-069316 AB - Noble gases widely exist in nature, and except for radon, they are stable. Modern techniques can detect noble gases to relatively low concentrations and with great precision. These factors suggest that noble gases can be useful tracers for subsurface characterization. Their applications, however, require an appropriate transport model for data analyses. A new fluid property module, EOSN, was developed for TOUGH2 to simulate transport of noble gases in the subsurface. Currently any of five different noble gases (except radon) as well as CO (sub 2) can be selected, two at a time. For the two selected gas components, the Crovetto et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 76 (1982) 1077-1086] model is used to calculate the Henry's law coefficients; and the Reid et al. [The Properties of Gases and Liquids, McGraw-Hill, New York (1987)] correlation is used to calculate the gas phase diffusivities. Like most other sister modules, TOUGH2/EOSN can simulate non-isothermal multiphase flow and fully coupled transport in fractured porous media. Potential applications of the new module include, but are not limited to: (a) study of different reservoir processes such as recharge, boiling, condensation, and fracture-matrix fluid exchange; (b) characterization of reservoir geometry such as fracture spacing; and (c) analysis of CO (sub 2) sequestration. JF - Geothermics AU - Shan, Chao AU - Pruess, Karsten A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 521 EP - 529 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - exploration KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - transport KW - noble gases KW - naturally fractured reservoirs KW - multiphase flow KW - reservoir properties KW - diffusivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50288215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=EOSN%3B+a+new+TOUGH2+module+for+simulating+transport+of+noble+gases+in+the+subsurface&rft.au=Shan%2C+Chao%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Shan&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.07.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; diffusivity; exploration; geothermal energy; ground water; models; multiphase flow; naturally fractured reservoirs; noble gases; reservoir properties; simulation; TOUGH2; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.07.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling of transient Basin and Range extensional geothermal systems AN - 50285898; 2004-069312 AB - A suite of models utilizing a simplified structural framework with a range of bulk rock permeabilities were developed to analyze the transient behavior of Basin and Range extensional geothermal systems, and particularly, the evolution of the system temperature with time. Each model consists of two mountain ranges ( approximately 1 km relief from the valley floor) separated by a thick sequence (about 4 km) of clastic sediments derived from the adjacent ranges, and a highly permeable, high-angle fault that functions as a conduit for subsurface fluids. This geometry is typical of Basin and Range extensional systems. We characterize the reservoir by utilizing several parameters, including temperature along the producing fault and the predicted surface heat flow. Time scales are on the order of 100 kyear for development of maximum reservoir temperatures. However, if not sealed, significant geothermal systems can exist on a steady-state basis. The models show some features seen in Dixie Valley, Naveda, and explain observed relationships that young faults are frequently associated with extensional geothermal systems. JF - Geothermics AU - McKenna, Jason R AU - Blackwell, David D A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 457 EP - 476 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - North America KW - numerical models KW - Basin and Range Province KW - Dixie Valley KW - thermal waters KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - exploration KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - transient phenomena KW - heat flow KW - springs KW - hot springs KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50285898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+of+transient+Basin+and+Range+extensional+geothermal+systems&rft.au=McKenna%2C+Jason+R%3BBlackwell%2C+David+D&rft.aulast=McKenna&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=457&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.10.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basin and Range Province; computer programs; Dixie Valley; exploration; geothermal energy; ground water; heat flow; hot springs; Nevada; North America; numerical models; permeability; reservoir rocks; springs; thermal waters; TOUGH2; transient phenomena; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.10.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of recent volcanic episodes at Phlegrean Fields (Italy); geochemical variations and ground deformation AN - 50284512; 2004-069317 AB - The Phlegrean Fields is an active caldera structure, located on the periphery of Naples (Italy). After the last eruptive event (the Monte Nuovo eruption in 1538), periodic episodes of unrest have characterized the evolution of this volcanic district, involving seismic activity and slow ground motion (bradyseism). During these episodes of unrest, some remarkable changes have also affected the composition of the hydrothermal fluids discharged at La Solfatara fumarolic field. These unrest phenomena result from the complex interaction between magma chamber, hydrothermal fluid circulation, and country rocks undergoing thermal and mechanical stresses. In order to make an effective hazard assessment in such a densely populated area as the Phlegrean Fields, we must first reach a better understanding of the mechanism driving bradyseismic activity and determine the relation between ground deformation and hydrothermal fluid circulation. In this work, we present some results of numerical modeling of both the hydrothermal fluid circulation at La Solfatara, and of its effects on rock deformation. The modeling results show that periods of intensified magmatic degassing can explain many features of the recent crises of unrest at Phlegrean Fields. JF - Geothermics AU - Todesco, Micol AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Chiodini, Giovanni AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 531 EP - 547 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - Naples Italy KW - Phlegraean Fields KW - fumaroles KW - hydrothermal vents KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - Campania Italy KW - models KW - computer programs KW - calderas KW - volcanic features KW - Nuovo eruption KW - volcanism KW - risk assessment KW - thermochemical properties KW - geochemistry KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50284512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+recent+volcanic+episodes+at+Phlegrean+Fields+%28Italy%29%3B+geochemical+variations+and+ground+deformation&rft.au=Todesco%2C+Micol%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BChiodini%2C+Giovanni%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M&rft.aulast=Todesco&rft.aufirst=Micol&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.08.014 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calderas; Campania Italy; computer programs; Europe; fumaroles; geochemistry; hydrothermal vents; Italy; models; Naples Italy; Nuovo eruption; Phlegraean Fields; risk assessment; Southern Europe; thermochemical properties; TOUGH2; volcanic features; volcanism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.08.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of water-rock interaction in the Yellowstone geothermal system using TOUGHREACT AN - 17575159; 5970517 AB - The Yellowstone geothermal system provides an ideal opportunity to test the ability of reactive transport models to simulate the chemical and hydrological effects of water-rock interaction. Previous studies of the Yellowstone geothermal system have characterized water-rock interaction through analysis of rocks and fluids obtained from both surface and downhole samples. Fluid chemistry, rock mineralogy, permeability, porosity, and thermal data obtained from the Y-8 borehole in Upper Geyser Basin were used to constrain a series of reactive transport simulations of the Yellowstone geothermal system using TOUGHREACT. Three distinct stratigraphic units were encountered in the 153.4 m deep Y-8 drill core: volcaniclastic sandstone, perlitic rhyolitic lava, and nonwelded pumiceous tuff. The main alteration phases identified in the Y-8 core samples include clay minerals, zeolites, silica polymorphs, adularia, and calcite. Temperatures observed in the Y-8 borehole increase with depth from sub- boiling conditions at the surface to a maximum of 169.8 degree C at a depth of 104.1 m, with near-isothermal conditions persisting down to the well bottom. 1-D models of the Y-8 core hole were constructed to simulate the observed alteration mineral assemblage given the initial rock mineralogy and observed fluid chemistry and temperatures. Preliminary simulations involving the perlitic rhyolitic lava unit are consistent with the observed alteration of rhyolitic glass to form celadonite. JF - Geothermics AU - Dobson, P F AU - Salah, S AU - Spycher, N AU - Sonnenthal, EL AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, pfdobson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - Aug 2004 SP - 493 EP - 502 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sandstones KW - Geochemistry KW - Porosity KW - Calcite KW - Temperature KW - Geysers KW - Mineralogy KW - Zeolites KW - Model Testing KW - Boreholes KW - Permeability KW - Silica KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Rocks KW - Cores KW - Clay Minerals KW - Wells KW - Lava KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17575159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+water-rock+interaction+in+the+Yellowstone+geothermal+system+using+TOUGHREACT&rft.au=Dobson%2C+P+F%3BSalah%2C+S%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BSonnenthal%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.10.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cores; Rocks; Boreholes; Temperature; Lava; Hydrologic Models; Mineralogy; Sandstones; Geysers; Calcite; Permeability; Silica; Model Testing; Wells; Porosity; Zeolites; Geochemistry; Clay Minerals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.10.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollutant dispersion in a large indoor space. Part 2: Computational fluid dynamics predictions and comparison with a scale model experiment for isothermal flow AN - 16199190; 6459156 AB - This paper reports on an investigation of the adequacy of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), using a standard Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model, for predicting dispersion of neutrally buoyant gas in a large indoor space. We used CFD to predict pollutant (dye) concentration distribution in a water-filled scale model of an atrium with a continuous pollutant source in the absence of furniture and occupants. Predictions from the RANS formulation are comparable with an ensemble average of independent identical experiments. Model results were compared with pollutant concentration data in a horizontal plane from experiments in a scale model atrium. Predictions were made for steady-state (fully developed) and transient (developing) pollutant concentrations. Agreement between CFD predictions and ensemble averaged experimental measurements is quantified using the ratios of CFD-predicted and experimentally measured dye concentration at a large number of points in the measurement plane. Agreement is considered good if these ratios fall between 0.5 and 2.0 at all points in the plane. The standard k-epsilon two-equation turbulence model obtains this level of agreement and predicts pollutant arrival time to the measurement plane within a few seconds. These results suggest that this modeling approach is adequate for predicting isothermal pollutant transport in a large room with simple geometry. JF - Indoor Air AU - Finlayson, E U AU - Gadgil, A J AU - Thatcher, T L AU - Sextro, R G AD - Indoor Environment Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, eufinlayson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - Aug 2004 SP - 272 EP - 283 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Turbulence KW - Flow rates KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16199190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Pollutant+dispersion+in+a+large+indoor+space.+Part+2%3A+Computational+fluid+dynamics+predictions+and+comparison+with+a+scale+model+experiment+for+isothermal+flow&rft.au=Finlayson%2C+E+U%3BGadgil%2C+A+J%3BThatcher%2C+T+L%3BSextro%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Finlayson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0668.2004.00243.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indoor air pollution; Pollution dispersion; Turbulence; Flow rates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00243.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Black carbon emissions in the United Kingdom during the past four decades: an empirical analysis AN - 16175417; 5977209 AB - We use data from a unique 40-year record of 150 urban and rural stations in the 'Black Smoke and SO sub(2) Network' in Great Britain to infer information about sources of atmospheric black carbon (BC). The data show a rapid decline of ambient atmospheric BC between 1962 and the early 1990s that exceeds the decline in official estimates of BC emissions based only on amount of fuel use and mostly fixed emission factors. This provides empirical confirmation of the existence and large impact of a time-dependent 'technology factor' that must multiply the rate of fossil fuel use. Current ambient BC amounts in Great Britain comparable to those in western and central Europe, with diesel engines being the principal present source. From comparison of BC and SO sub(2) data we infer that current BC emission inventories understate true emissions in the UK by about a factor of two. The results imply that there is the potential for improved technology to achieve large reduction of global ambient BC. There is a need for comparable monitoring of BC in other countries. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Novakov, T AU - Hansen, JE AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS-70-180B, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, tnovakov@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - Aug 2004 SP - 4155 EP - 4163 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 38 IS - 25 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - black carbon KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Black carbon KW - Black smoke KW - Emission trends KW - Sources KW - Technology factor KW - British Isles KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Historical account KW - ANE, British Isles KW - Fossil fuels KW - Atmospheric pollution monitoring KW - Fuels KW - Emission control KW - Black carbon aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution by road vehicles KW - Smoke KW - Emission inventories KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Carbon KW - ANE, Europe KW - Atmospheric pollution emission KW - Diesel engines KW - Rural areas KW - Urban areas KW - Technology KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16175417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Black+carbon+emissions+in+the+United+Kingdom+during+the+past+four+decades%3A+an+empirical+analysis&rft.au=Novakov%2C+T%3BHansen%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Novakov&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=25&rft.spage=4155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2004.04.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution monitoring; Black carbon aerosols; Atmospheric pollution emission; Atmospheric pollution by road vehicles; Historical account; Pollution monitoring; Fossil fuels; Fuels; Emission control; Smoke; Emission inventories; Carbon; Sulfur dioxide; Diesel engines; Technology; Urban areas; Rural areas; British Isles; ANE, British Isles; ANE, Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.04.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural Analyses of Peptide Release Factor 1 from Thermotoga maritima Reveal Domain Flexibility Required for Its Interaction with the Ribosome AN - 17760405; 6054357 AB - We have determined the crystal structure of peptide chain release factor 1 (RF1) from Thermotoga maritima (gi 4981173) at 2.65A resolution by selenomethionine single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD) techniques. RF1 is a protein that recognizes stop codons and promotes the release of a nascent polypeptide from tRNA on the ribosome. Selenomethionine-labeled RF1 crystallized in space group P21 with three monomers per asymmetric unit. It has approximate dimensions of 75A 70A 45A and is composed of four domains. The overall fold of each RF1 domain shows almost the same topology with Escherichia coli RF2, except that the RF1 N-terminal domain is shorter and the C-terminal domain is longer than that of RF2. The N-terminal domain of RF1 indicates a rigid-body movement relative to that of RF2 with an angle of similar to 90 degree . Including these features, RF1 has a tripeptide anticodon PVT motif instead of the SPF motif of RF2, which confers the specificity towards the stop codons. The analyses of three molecules in the asymmetric unit and comparison with RF2 revealed the presence of dynamic movement of domains I and III, which are anchored to the central domain by hinge loops. The crystal structure of RF1 elucidates the intrinsic property of this family of having large domain movements for proper function with the ribosome. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Shin, D H AU - Brandsen, J AU - Jancarik, J AU - Yokota, H AU - Kim, R AU - Kim, S AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2004/07/30/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jul 30 SP - 227 EP - 239 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 341 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Monomers KW - Anticodons KW - tRNA KW - Escherichia coli KW - Codons KW - Crystal structure KW - Topology KW - Release factors KW - Ribosomes KW - Selenomethionine KW - Thermotoga maritima KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes KW - N 14070:Ribosomes: rRNA, ribosomal proteins, and translation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17760405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Structural+Analyses+of+Peptide+Release+Factor+1+from+Thermotoga+maritima+Reveal+Domain+Flexibility+Required+for+Its+Interaction+with+the+Ribosome&rft.au=Shin%2C+D+H%3BBrandsen%2C+J%3BJancarik%2C+J%3BYokota%2C+H%3BKim%2C+R%3BKim%2C+S&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-07-30&rft.volume=341&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2004.05.055 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monomers; Anticodons; tRNA; Topology; Crystal structure; Codons; Release factors; Selenomethionine; Ribosomes; Escherichia coli; Thermotoga maritima DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2004.05.055 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shielded Stationary Phases Based on Porous Polymer Monoliths for the Capillary Electrochromatography of Highly Basic Biomolecules AN - 17299323; 6129551 AB - A novel stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography has been prepared via photoinitiated grafting of two layers of polymer chains onto the pore surface of a porous polymer monolith. To achieve the desired retention, the original monolith with optimized porous properties was grafted with an "interior" layer consisting of the ionizable monomer, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, followed by a "covering" layer of hydrophobic polymer chains. This technique affords monolithic CEC columns that facilitate electroosmotic flow (EOF) while preventing ionized analytes from interacting with the charged surface functionalities. Grafting of the second layer does not adversely affect the EOF. Grafting times of 30 and 60 s for AMPS and butyl acrylate, respectively, enabled the preparation of a monolith with full shielding of the analytes from the ionizable functionalities and excellent chromatographic performance. This approach allows for the first time the independent optimization of both electroosmotic flow and retention properties in CEC columns. The efficient isocratic separations of mixtures of peptides, including some that are highly basic and would be affected by unshielded charges, were routinely achieved in 40-90 s using a simple MS compatible mobile phase consisting of 20 mmol/L ammonium acetate in a 1:1 water-acetonitrile mixture. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Hilder, E F AU - Svec, F AU - Frechet, JMJ AD - E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA Y1 - 2004/07/15/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jul 15 SP - 3887 EP - 3892 VL - 76 IS - 14 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17299323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Shielded+Stationary+Phases+Based+on+Porous+Polymer+Monoliths+for+the+Capillary+Electrochromatography+of+Highly+Basic+Biomolecules&rft.au=Hilder%2C+E+F%3BSvec%2C+F%3BFrechet%2C+JMJ&rft.aulast=Hilder&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-07-15&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3887&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fac049732q LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac049732q ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Greenhouse gas sequestration in abandoned oil reservoirs; the International Energy Agency Weyburn pilot project AN - 51805531; 2004-069114 AB - Carbon dioxide sequestration in geological reservoirs is being evaluated internationally as a viable means of long-term CO (sub 2) storage. The International Energy Agency Weyburn CO (sub 2) Monitoring and Storage Project is designed to investigate the technical and economic feasibility of CO (sub 2) storage in a partially depleted oil reservoir in conjunction with enhanced oil recovery operations. Two key elements of the project are (1) the establishment of a regional geoscience framework as a means for prediction of the long-term fate of injected CO (sub 2) , and (2) development and application of geophysical/geochemical monitoring and verification methods to track the spread of CO (sub 2) within the reservoir. To date, 1.90 billion m (super 3) of CO (sub 2) have been injected into the reservoir, the effects of which are imaged by the various monitoring methods. JF - GSA Today AU - White, D J AU - Burrowes, G AU - Davis, T AU - Hajnal, Z AU - Hirsche, K AU - Hutcheon, I AU - Majer, E AU - Rostron, B AU - Whittaker, S Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 4 EP - 10 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 14 IS - 7 SN - 1052-5173, 1052-5173 KW - petroleum engineering KW - geophysical surveys KW - petroleum KW - abandoned oil wells KW - waterflooding KW - oil and gas fields KW - feasibility studies KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - oil wells KW - seismicity KW - Weyburn Field KW - greenhouse effect KW - geochemistry KW - programs KW - high-resolution methods KW - monitoring KW - sequestration KW - three-dimensional models KW - International Energy Agency KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - enhanced recovery KW - hydrochemistry KW - seismic methods KW - gases KW - gas injection KW - Canada KW - surveys KW - Western Canada KW - southeastern Saskatchewan KW - Saskatchewan KW - microearthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51805531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GSA+Today&rft.atitle=Greenhouse+gas+sequestration+in+abandoned+oil+reservoirs%3B+the+International+Energy+Agency+Weyburn+pilot+project&rft.au=White%2C+D+J%3BBurrowes%2C+G%3BDavis%2C+T%3BHajnal%2C+Z%3BHirsche%2C+K%3BHutcheon%2C+I%3BMajer%2C+E%3BRostron%2C+B%3BWhittaker%2C+S&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GSA+Today&rft.issn=10525173&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag., sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned oil wells; Canada; carbon dioxide; crosshole methods; earthquakes; enhanced recovery; feasibility studies; gas injection; gases; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; greenhouse effect; high-resolution methods; hydrochemistry; International Energy Agency; microearthquakes; monitoring; oil and gas fields; oil wells; petroleum; petroleum engineering; pollution; programs; reservoir rocks; Saskatchewan; seismic methods; seismicity; sequestration; southeastern Saskatchewan; surveys; three-dimensional models; waterflooding; Western Canada; Weyburn Field ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The nature of blue luminescence from natural benitoite BaTiSi (sub 3) O (sub 9) AN - 51745620; 2005-021858 JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Gaft, M AU - Nagli, L AU - Waychunas, G AU - Weiss, D Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 365 EP - 373 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York VL - 31 IS - 6 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - silicates KW - laser methods KW - benitoite KW - color centers KW - ring silicates KW - crystal structure KW - blue luminescence KW - temperature KW - luminescence KW - physical properties KW - gems KW - Raman spectra KW - optical properties KW - spectra KW - high temperature KW - geophysics KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51745620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=The+nature+of+blue+luminescence+from+natural+benitoite+BaTiSi+%28sub+3%29+O+%28sub+9%29&rft.au=Gaft%2C+M%3BNagli%2C+L%3BWaychunas%2C+G%3BWeiss%2C+D&rft.aulast=Gaft&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-004-0407-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benitoite; blue luminescence; color centers; crystal structure; gems; geophysics; high temperature; laser methods; luminescence; optical properties; physical properties; Raman spectra; ring silicates; silicates; spectra; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-004-0407-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Joint cross-well and single-well seismic studies of CO (sub 2) injection in an oil reservoir AN - 51633211; 2006-014248 AB - A series of time-lapse seismic cross-well and single-well experiments were conducted in a diatomite reservoir to monitor the injection of CO (sub 2) into a hydrofracture zone, based on P- and S-wave data. A high-frequency piezo-electric P-wave source and an orbital-vibrator S-wave source were used to generate waves that were recorded by hydrophones as well as 3-component geophones. During the first phase the set of seismic experiments was conducted after the injection of water into the hydrofractured zone. The set of seismic experiments was repeated after a time period of seven months during which CO (sub 2) was injected into the hydrofractured zone. The questions to be answered ranged from the detectability of the geological structure in the diatomic reservoir to the detectability of CO (sub 2) within the hydrofracture. Furthermore, it was intended to determine which experiment (cross-well or single-well) is best suited to resolve these features. During the pre-injection experiment, the P-wave velocities exhibited relatively low values between 1700 and 1900 m/s, which decreased to 1600-1800 m/s during the post-injection phase (-5%). The analysis of the pre-injection S-wave data revealed slow S-wave velocities between 600 and 800 m/s, while the post-injection data revealed velocities between 500 and 700 m/s (-6%). These velocity estimates produced high Poisson's ratios between 0.36 and 0.46 for this highly porous ( approximately 50%) material. Differencing post- and pre-injection data revealed an increase in Poisson's ratio of up to 5%. Both velocity and Poisson's ratio estimates indicate the dissolution of CO (sub 2) in the liquid phase of the reservoir accompanied by an increase in pore pressure. The single-well data supported the findings of the cross-well experiments. P- and S-wave velocities as well as Poisson's ratios were comparable to the estimates of the cross-well data. The cross-well experiment did not detect the presence of the hydrofracture but appeared to be sensitive to overall changes in the reservoir and possibly the presence of a fault. In contrast, the single-well reflection data revealed an arrival that could indicate the presence of the hydrofracture between the source and receiver wells, while it did not detect the presence of the fault, possibly due to out-of-plane reflections. JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Gritto, R AU - Daley, T M AU - Myer, L R Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 323 EP - 339 PB - EAGE (European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers), Houten VL - 52 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - petroleum engineering KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas storage KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - carbon dioxide KW - California KW - Kern County California KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - diatomite KW - carbon KW - time-lapse methods KW - San Joaquin Basin KW - body waves KW - three-component seismographs KW - seismic profiles KW - sequestration KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - seismographs KW - seismic methods KW - gas injection KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - clastic rocks KW - S-waves KW - Lost Hills Field KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51633211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Joint+cross-well+and+single-well+seismic+studies+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+in+an+oil+reservoir&rft.au=Gritto%2C+R%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BMyer%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Gritto&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0016-8025&site=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPPRAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; California; carbon; carbon dioxide; clastic rocks; crosshole methods; diatomite; elastic waves; fractures; gas injection; gas storage; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Kern County California; Lost Hills Field; oil and gas fields; P-waves; petroleum engineering; reservoir properties; S-waves; San Joaquin Basin; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; seismographs; sequestration; surveys; three-component seismographs; time-lapse methods; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tectonic and stratigraphic evolution of the Sarulla Graben geothermal area, north Sumatra, Indonesia AN - 50645922; 2008-102491 AB - The Sarulla graben is a composite Plio-Pleistocene basin developed along the northwest striking, dextral-slip Sumatra fault in a region where the fault coincides with the Sumatra volcanic arc. Offset of the 0.27+ or -0.03 Ma Tor Sibohi rhyodacite dome by an active strand of the Sumatra fault, the Tor Sibohi fault (TSF), indicates a slip rate of about 9 mm/y. This value is lower than previous regional estimates of approximately 25-30 mm/y for Holocene slip on the Sumatra fault determined from stream offsets in the Taratung region. This discrepancy may be due to (1) a difference between Holocene and late Quaternary rates of slip and (2) additional slip on other faults in the Sarulla area. Since the magnitude of undated stream offsets along the TSF in the Sarulla area is similar to those in the Taratung area, the discrepancy is likely to be due largely to a change in slip rate over time. Within the Sarulla area, major volcanic centers include the Sibualbuali stratavolcano ( approximately 0.7-0.3 Ma), the Hopong caldera ( approximately 1.5 Ma), and the Namora-I-Langit dacitic dome field (0.8-0.1 Ma). These centers generated the majority of the ash-flow tuffs and tuffaceous sediments filling the Sarulla graben, and appear to have been localized by structural features related to the Sumatra fault zone. Four geothermal systems within the Sarulla area are closely linked to major faults and volcanic centers. In three of the systems, reservoir permeability is clearly dominated by specific structures within the Sumatra fault system. In the fourth geothermal system, Namora-I-Langit geothermal field, permeability may be locally influenced by faults, but highly permeable fractures are widely distributed. JF - Journal of Asian Earth Sciences AU - Hickman, R G AU - Dobson, P F AU - van Gerven, M AU - Sagala, B D AU - Gunderson, R P Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 435 EP - 448 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 1367-9120, 1367-9120 KW - stratovolcanoes KW - Far East KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - Indonesia KW - slip rates KW - strike-slip faults KW - Sibualbuali KW - displacements KW - Holocene KW - reservoir rocks KW - exploration KW - Cenozoic KW - volcanic features KW - neotectonics KW - geothermal systems KW - Tor Sibohi Dome KW - Tor Sibohi Fault KW - basins KW - dacites KW - tectonics KW - Hopong Caldera KW - Asia KW - faults KW - systems KW - Quaternary KW - grabens KW - volcanic fields KW - geothermal energy KW - calderas KW - geothermal fields KW - Tertiary KW - Sumatra KW - Namora-I-Langit Dome KW - Neogene KW - rhyodacites KW - volcanoes KW - Sarulla Graben KW - Pliocene KW - streams KW - reservoir properties KW - geomorphology KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50645922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Asian+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Tectonic+and+stratigraphic+evolution+of+the+Sarulla+Graben+geothermal+area%2C+north+Sumatra%2C+Indonesia&rft.au=Hickman%2C+R+G%3BDobson%2C+P+F%3Bvan+Gerven%2C+M%3BSagala%2C+B+D%3BGunderson%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Hickman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Asian+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=13679120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1367-9120%2803%2900155-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13679120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; basins; calderas; Cenozoic; dacites; displacements; exploration; Far East; faults; geomorphology; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; grabens; Holocene; Hopong Caldera; igneous rocks; Indonesia; Namora-I-Langit Dome; Neogene; neotectonics; permeability; Pliocene; Quaternary; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; rhyodacites; Sarulla Graben; Sibualbuali; slip rates; stratovolcanoes; streams; strike-slip faults; Sumatra; systems; tectonics; Tertiary; Tor Sibohi Dome; Tor Sibohi Fault; volcanic features; volcanic fields; volcanic rocks; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1367-9120(03)00155-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Aerobic and Anaerobic Biotreatment of Municipal Solid Waste AN - 20629382; 6248555 AB - To increase the operating lifetime of landfills and to lower leachate treatment costs, an increasing number of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are being managed as either aerobic or anaerobic bioreactors. Landfill gas composition, respiration rates, and subsidence were measured for 400 days in 200-L tanks filled with fresh waste materials to compare the relative effectiveness of the two treatments. Tanks were prepared to provide the following conditions: (1) air injection and leachate recirculation (aerobic), (2) leachate recirculation (anaerobic), and (3) no treatment (anaerobic). Respiration tests on the aerobic wet tank snowed a steady decrease in oxygen consumption rates from 1.3 mol/day at 20 days to 0.1 mol/day at 400 days. Aerobic wet tanks produced, on average, 6 mol of carbon dioxide (CO2)/kg of MSW as compared with anaerobic wet tanks, which produced 2.2 mol methane/ kg of MSW and 2.0 mol C02/kg methane. Over the test period, the aerobic tanks settled on average 35%, anaerobic tanks settled 21.7%, and the no-treatment tank settled 7.5%, equivalent to overall mass loss in the corresponding reactors. Aerobic tanks reduced stabilization time and produced negligible odor compared with anaerobic tanks, possibly because of the 2 orders of magnitude lower leachate ammonia levels in the aerobic tank. Both treatment regimes provide the opportunity for disposal and remediation of liquid waste. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Borglin, SE AU - Hazen, T C AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Zawislanski, P T AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 VL - 54 IS - 7 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Oxygen consumption KW - Methane KW - Ammonia KW - Respiration KW - Odors KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - Liquid wastes KW - Municipal solid wastes KW - Waste management KW - Bioreactors KW - Remediation KW - Solid waste disposal KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Leachates KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20629382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Aerobic+and+Anaerobic+Biotreatment+of+Municipal+Solid+Waste&rft.au=Borglin%2C+SE%3BHazen%2C+T+C%3BOldenburg%2C+C+M%3BZawislanski%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=Borglin&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen consumption; Methane; Respiration; Ammonia; Anaerobic conditions; Odors; Liquid wastes; Municipal solid wastes; Waste management; Bioreactors; Remediation; Solid waste disposal; Carbon dioxide; Leachates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mn, Fe, Zn and As speciation in a fast-growing ferromanganese marine nodule AN - 17715843; 5970503 AB - The speciation of Mn, Fe, As, and Zn in a fast-growing (0.02mm/yr), shallow- marine, ferromanganese nodule has been examined by micro X-ray fluorescence, micro X-ray diffraction, and micro X-ray absorption spectroscopy. This nodule exhibits alternating Fe-rich and Mn-rich layers reflecting redox variations in water chemistry. Fe occurs as two-line ferrihydrite. The As is strictly associated with Fe and is mostly pentavalent, with an environment similar to that of As sorbed on or coprecipitated with synthetic ferrihydrite. The Mn is in the form of turbostratic birnessite with similar to 10% trivalent manganese in the layers and probably similar to 8% corner-sharing metal octahedra in the interlayers. The Zn is enriched on the rim of the nodule, associated with Mn. The Zn is completely (>90%) tetrahedrally coordinated and sorbed in the interlayers of birnessite on vacant layer Mn sites. The Zn and Mn species are similar to ones found in soils, suggesting common structural principles despite the differing formation conditions in these systems. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Marcus, MA AU - Manceau, A AU - Kersten, M AD - Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, mamarcus@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 3125 EP - 3136 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 68 IS - 14 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Speciation KW - Marine Environment KW - X-ray Diffraction KW - Heavy metals KW - Spectroscopy KW - Birnessite KW - Absorption spectroscopy KW - Zinc KW - Absorption KW - X-ray Fluorescence KW - Manganese KW - Metals KW - Redox reactions KW - Fluorescence KW - Ferromanganese nodules KW - Diffraction KW - Iron KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - O 3010:Geology and Geophysics KW - Q2 09187:Geochemistry of sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17715843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Mn%2C+Fe%2C+Zn+and+As+speciation+in+a+fast-growing+ferromanganese+marine+nodule&rft.au=Marcus%2C+MA%3BManceau%2C+A%3BKersten%2C+M&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2004.01.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Birnessite; Redox reactions; Absorption spectroscopy; Ferromanganese nodules; Fluorescence; Heavy metals; Zinc; Diffraction; Iron; Manganese; Metals; Speciation; X-ray Diffraction; Marine Environment; Absorption; X-ray Fluorescence; Spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.01.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Economic feasibility of carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CSEGR) AN - 17286658; 5924290 AB - Prior reservoir simulation and laboratory studies have suggested that injecting carbon dioxide into mature natural gas reservoirs for carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CSEGR) is technically feasible. Reservoir simulations show that the high density of carbon dioxide can be exploited to favor displacement of methane with limited gas mixing by injecting carbon dioxide in low regions of a reservoir while producing from higher regions in the reservoir. Economic sensitivity analysis of a prototypical CSEGR application at a large depleting gas field in California shows that the largest expense will be for carbon dioxide capture, purification, compression, and transport to the field. Other incremental costs for CSEGR include: (1) new or reconditioned wells for carbon dioxide injection, methane production, and monitoring; (2) carbon dioxide distribution within the field; and, (3) separation facilities to handle eventual carbon dioxide contamination of the methane. Economic feasibility is most sensitive to wellhead methane price, carbon dioxide supply costs, and the ratio of carbon dioxide injected to incremental methane produced. Our analysis suggests that CSEGR may be economically feasible at carbon dioxide supply costs of up to US$ 4-12/t (US$ 0.20-0.63/Mcf). Although this analysis is based on a particular gas field, the approach is general and can be applied to other gas fields. This economic analysis, along with reservoir simulation and laboratory studies that suggest the technical feasibility of CSEGR, demonstrates that CSEGR can be feasible and that a field pilot study of the process should be undertaken to test the concept further. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Stevens, SH AU - Benson, S M AD - Earth Sciences Division 90-1116, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, cmoldenburg@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 1413 EP - 1422 PB - Pergamon Press Ltd VL - 29 IS - 9-10 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Methane KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Economics KW - Simulation KW - USA, California KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Natural gas KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17286658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Economic+feasibility+of+carbon+sequestration+with+enhanced+gas+recovery+%28CSEGR%29&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+C+M%3BStevens%2C+SH%3BBenson%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=1413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2004.03.075 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Carbon sequestration; Methane; Economics; Simulation; Carbon dioxide; Natural gas; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.075 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Code intercomparison builds confidence in numerical simulation models for geologic disposal of CO sub(2) AN - 17286296; 5924292 AB - Numerical simulators were exercised on a suite of test problems for CO sub(2) disposal in saline aquifers and depleting oil and gas reservoirs. Intercomparison of results reveals broad agreement in most areas, but also points out sensitivities to fluid properties and discretization approaches that need further study. Currently available simulation codes were shown capable of modeling the complex phenomena accompanying geologic storage of CO sub(2) in a robust manner, and with quantitatively similar results. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Pruess, K AU - Garcia, J AU - Kovscek, T AU - Oldenburg, C AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Steefel, C AU - Xu, T AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Mail Stop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, k_pruess@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 1431 EP - 1444 PB - Pergamon Press Ltd VL - 29 IS - 9-10 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Storage KW - Oil and gas industry KW - Simulation KW - Geology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Reservoirs KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17286296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Code+intercomparison+builds+confidence+in+numerical+simulation+models+for+geologic+disposal+of+CO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Pruess%2C+K%3BGarcia%2C+J%3BKovscek%2C+T%3BOldenburg%2C+C%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BSteefel%2C+C%3BXu%2C+T&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=1431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2004.03.077 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Aquifers; Oil and gas industry; Simulation; Geology; Carbon dioxide; Reservoirs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.077 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plane wave solution for elastic wave scattering by a heterogeneous fracture. AN - 85293341; pmid-15237798 AB - A plane-wave method for computing the three-dimensional scattering of propagating elastic waves by a planar fracture with heterogeneous fracture compliance distribution is presented. This method is based upon the spatial Fourier transform of the seismic displacement-discontinuity (SDD) boundary conditions (also called linear slip interface conditions), and therefore, called the wave-number-domain SDD method (wd-SDD method). The resulting boundary conditions explicitly show the coupling between plane waves with an incident wave number component (specular component) and scattered waves which do not follow Snell's law (nonspecular components) if the fracture is viewed as a planar boundary. For a spatially periodic fracture compliance distribution, these boundary conditions can be cast into a linear system of equations that can be solved for the amplitudes of individual wave modes and wave numbers. We demonstrate the developed technique for a simulated fracture with a stochastic (correlated) surface compliance distribution. Low- and high-frequency solutions of the method are also compared to the predictions by low-order Born series in the weak and strong scattering limit. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Nakagawa Seiji AU - Nihei, Kurt T AU - Myer, Larry R AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. PY - 2004 SP - 2761 EP - 2772 VL - 115 IS - 6 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85293341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Plane+wave+solution+for+elastic+wave+scattering+by+a+heterogeneous+fracture.&rft.au=Nakagawa+Seiji%3BNihei%2C+Kurt+T%3BMyer%2C+Larry+R&rft.aulast=Nakagawa+Seiji&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2761&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome sequence of the lignocellulose degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain RP78. AN - 71974573; 15122302 AB - White rot fungi efficiently degrade lignin, a complex aromatic polymer in wood that is among the most abundant natural materials on earth. These fungi use extracellular oxidative enzymes that are also able to transform related aromatic compounds found in explosive contaminants, pesticides and toxic waste. We have sequenced the 30-million base-pair genome of Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain RP78 using a whole genome shotgun approach. The P. chrysosporium genome reveals an impressive array of genes encoding secreted oxidases, peroxidases and hydrolytic enzymes that cooperate in wood decay. Analysis of the genome data will enhance our understanding of lignocellulose degradation, a pivotal process in the global carbon cycle, and provide a framework for further development of bioprocesses for biomass utilization, organopollutant degradation and fiber bleaching. This genome provides a high quality draft sequence of a basidiomycete, a major fungal phylum that includes important plant and animal pathogens. JF - Nature biotechnology AU - Martinez, Diego AU - Larrondo, Luis F AU - Putnam, Nik AU - Gelpke, Maarten D Sollewijn AU - Huang, Katherine AU - Chapman, Jarrod AU - Helfenbein, Kevin G AU - Ramaiya, Preethi AU - Detter, J Chris AU - Larimer, Frank AU - Coutinho, Pedro M AU - Henrissat, Bernard AU - Berka, Randy AU - Cullen, Dan AU - Rokhsar, Daniel AD - US DoE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA. Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 695 EP - 700 VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - DNA, Fungal KW - 0 KW - Fungal Proteins KW - Polysaccharides KW - Retroelements KW - lignocellulose KW - 11132-73-3 KW - hemicellulose KW - 8024-50-8 KW - Cellulose KW - 9004-34-6 KW - Lignin KW - 9005-53-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Laccase KW - EC 1.10.3.2 KW - Peroxidases KW - EC 1.11.1.- KW - Glycosyltransferases KW - EC 2.4.- KW - Transposases KW - EC 2.7.7.- KW - Glycoside Hydrolases KW - EC 3.2.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Peroxidases -- genetics KW - Glycosyltransferases -- metabolism KW - Glycosyltransferases -- genetics KW - Fungal Proteins -- classification KW - Introns -- genetics KW - Exons -- genetics KW - Retroelements -- genetics KW - Classification KW - Laccase -- genetics KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Gene Library KW - Peroxidases -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Glycoside Hydrolases -- metabolism KW - Polysaccharides -- metabolism KW - Fungal Proteins -- genetics KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Glycoside Hydrolases -- genetics KW - Genes, Fungal -- genetics KW - Fungal Proteins -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- genetics KW - Transposases -- genetics KW - Laccase -- metabolism KW - Base Composition -- genetics KW - Genomics KW - DNA, Fungal -- isolation & purification KW - Phanerochaete -- metabolism KW - Cellulose -- metabolism KW - DNA, Fungal -- genetics KW - Lignin -- metabolism KW - Genome, Fungal KW - DNA, Fungal -- chemistry KW - Phanerochaete -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71974573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Genome+sequence+of+the+lignocellulose+degrading+fungus+Phanerochaete+chrysosporium+strain+RP78.&rft.au=Martinez%2C+Diego%3BLarrondo%2C+Luis+F%3BPutnam%2C+Nik%3BGelpke%2C+Maarten+D+Sollewijn%3BHuang%2C+Katherine%3BChapman%2C+Jarrod%3BHelfenbein%2C+Kevin+G%3BRamaiya%2C+Preethi%3BDetter%2C+J+Chris%3BLarimer%2C+Frank%3BCoutinho%2C+Pedro+M%3BHenrissat%2C+Bernard%3BBerka%2C+Randy%3BCullen%2C+Dan%3BRokhsar%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Martinez&rft.aufirst=Diego&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-21 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Jun;22(6):679-80 [15175686] Erratum In: Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Jul;22(7):899 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence of inadequate ventilation in portable classrooms: results of a pilot study in Los Angeles County. AN - 71856844; 15104781 AB - UNLABELLEDThe prevalence of prefabricated, portable classrooms (portables) for United States public schools has increased; in California, approximately one of three students learn inside portables. Limited research has been conducted on indoor air and environmental quality in American schools, and almost none in portables. Available reports and conference proceedings suggest problems from insufficient ventilation due to poor design, operation, and/or maintenance of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems; most portables have one mechanical, wall-mounted HVAC system. A pilot assessment was conducted in Los Angeles County, including measurements of integrated ventilation rates based on a perfluorocarbon tracer gas technique and continuous monitoring of temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH). Measured ventilation rates were low [mean school day integrated average 0.8 per hour (range: 0.1-2.9 per hour)]. Compared with relevant standards, results suggested adequate ventilation and associated conditioning of indoor air for occupant comfort were not always provided to these classrooms. Future school studies should include integrated and continuous measurements of T, RH, and ventilation with appropriate tracer gas methods, and other airflow measures.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONSAdequate ventilation has the potential to mitigate concentrations of chemical pollutants, particles, carbon dioxide, and odors in portable and traditional classrooms, which should lead to a reduction in reported health outcomes, e.g., symptoms of 'sick building syndrome', allergies, asthma. Investigations of school indoor air and environmental quality should include continuous temperature and relative humidity data with inexpensive instrumentation as indicators of thermal comfort, and techniques to measure ventilation rates. JF - Indoor air AU - Shendell, D G AU - Winer, A M AU - Weker, R AU - Colome, S D AD - Environmental Sciences and Engineering Program, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA. shendell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 154 EP - 158 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Fluorocarbons KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Humans KW - Fluorocarbons -- analysis KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Air Conditioning KW - Child KW - Los Angeles KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Schools KW - Ventilation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71856844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+inadequate+ventilation+in+portable+classrooms%3A+results+of+a+pilot+study+in+Los+Angeles+County.&rft.au=Shendell%2C+D+G%3BWiner%2C+A+M%3BWeker%2C+R%3BColome%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Shendell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-01 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal-hydrodynamic-chemical (THC) modeling based on geothermal field data AN - 51818397; 2004-062187 AB - Data on fluid chemistry and rock mineralogy are evaluated for a number of geothermal fields located in the volcanic arc of Japan and Kamchatka, Russia, Common chemical characteristics are identified and used to define scenarios for detailed numerical modeling of coupled thermal-hydrodynamic-chemical (THC) processes. The following scenarios of parental geothermal fluid upflow were studied: (1) single-phase conditions, 260 degrees C at the bottom ("Ogiri" type); (2) two-phase conditions, 300 degrees C at the bottom ("Hatchobaru" type); and (3) heat pipe conditions, 260 degrees C at the bottom ("Matsukawa" type). THC modeling for the single-phase upflow scenario shows wairakite, quartz, K-feldspar and chlorite formed as the principal secondary minerals in the production zone, and illite-smectite formed below 230 degrees C. THC modeling of the two-phase upflow shows that quartz, K-feldspar (microcline), wairakite and calcite precipitate in the model as principal secondary minerals in the production zone. THC modeling of heat pipe conditions shows no significant secondary deposition of minerals (quartz, K-feldspar, zeolites) in the production zone. The influence of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of chemical interaction, and of mass fluxes on mineral phase changes, was found to be significant, depending on the upflow regime. It was found that no parental geothermal fluid inflow is needed for zeolite precipitation, which occurs above 140 degrees C in saturated andesite, provided that the porosity is greater than 0.001. In contrast, quartz and K-feldspar precipitation may result in a significant porosity reduction over a hundred-year time scale under mass flux conditions, and complete fracture sealing will occur given sufficient time under either single-phase or two-phase upflow scenarios. A heat pipe scenario shows no significant porosity reduction due to lack of secondary mineral phase deposition. JF - Geothermics AU - Kiryukhin, Alexey (Aleksey) AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Apps, John AU - Slovtsov, Igor Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 349 EP - 381 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - silicates KW - Sumikawa Field KW - Far East KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - movement KW - hydrodynamics KW - mineral assemblages KW - Asia KW - Uenotai Field KW - pH KW - hydrology KW - Takigami Field KW - models KW - Iwate Japan KW - Tertiary KW - mathematical methods KW - Mutnovsky Field KW - Okuaizu Field KW - Matsukawa Field KW - lithostratigraphy KW - alteration KW - igneous rocks KW - Fushime Field KW - fluid phase KW - Russian Federation KW - salinity KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - Kamchatka Russian Federation KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - chemical reactions KW - energy sources KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Pauzhersky Field KW - Oguni Field KW - thermal circulation KW - Kakkonda Field KW - hydrochemistry KW - clay minerals KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - precipitation KW - sheet silicates KW - Honshu KW - Japan KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51818397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Thermal-hydrodynamic-chemical+%28THC%29+modeling+based+on+geothermal+field+data&rft.au=Kiryukhin%2C+Alexey+%28Aleksey%29%3BXu%2C+Tianfu%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BApps%2C+John%3BSlovtsov%2C+Igor&rft.aulast=Kiryukhin&rft.aufirst=Alexey&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; Asia; Cenozoic; chemical composition; chemical reactions; clay minerals; Commonwealth of Independent States; energy sources; Far East; fluid phase; Fushime Field; geochemistry; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; ground water; Honshu; hydrochemistry; hydrodynamics; hydrology; igneous rocks; Iwate Japan; Japan; Kakkonda Field; Kamchatka Russian Federation; lithostratigraphy; mathematical methods; Matsukawa Field; mineral assemblages; mineral composition; models; movement; Mutnovsky Field; Oguni Field; Okuaizu Field; Pauzhersky Field; pH; precipitation; reservoir rocks; Russian Federation; salinity; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; Sumikawa Field; Takigami Field; temperature; Tertiary; thermal circulation; Uenotai Field DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of Cerro Prieto II and III (Mexico) to exploitation AN - 51816847; 2004-062183 AB - The Cerro Prieto field of northern Mexico is the largest water-dominated geothermal field under commercial production at the present time. In 2000 more than 115 million tons of fluids were extracted, but only about 20% was injected back into the reservoirs. This deficit has contributed to a drop in pressures resulting in localized boiling, influx of cooler groundwater and other reservoir processes. The influence of geologic features, especially faults, on these processes and on the response of different parts of the field to production is described. The study illustrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to gain an understanding of the behavior of geothermal systems under production. JF - Geothermics AU - Lippmann, Marcelo J AU - Truesdell, Alfred H AU - Rodriguez, Marco H AU - Perez, Alfredo Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 229 EP - 256 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - geothermal wells KW - power plants KW - exploitation KW - salinity KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - California KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - energy sources KW - metamorphic rocks KW - metasedimentary rocks KW - basins KW - Imperial Fault KW - chemical composition KW - basaltic composition KW - geochemistry KW - faults KW - systems KW - North America KW - rift zones KW - condensation KW - Imperial County California KW - injection KW - Cerro Prieto Fault KW - deformation KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - Salton Trough KW - grabens KW - Cerro Prieto Field KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - recharge KW - intrusions KW - dikes KW - Mexico KW - boiling KW - brines KW - Baja California Mexico KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51816847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Response+of+Cerro+Prieto+II+and+III+%28Mexico%29+to+exploitation&rft.au=Lippmann%2C+Marcelo+J%3BTruesdell%2C+Alfred+H%3BRodriguez%2C+Marco+H%3BPerez%2C+Alfredo&rft.aulast=Lippmann&rft.aufirst=Marcelo&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.08.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Baja California Mexico; basaltic composition; basins; boiling; brines; California; Cerro Prieto Fault; Cerro Prieto Field; chemical composition; condensation; deformation; dikes; energy sources; exploitation; faults; geochemistry; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal wells; grabens; ground water; hydrochemistry; Imperial County California; Imperial Fault; injection; intrusions; metamorphic rocks; metasedimentary rocks; Mexico; mineral composition; North America; power plants; recharge; reservoir rocks; rift zones; salinity; Salton Trough; sedimentary rocks; systems; thermal waters; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.08.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying the sources of subsurface contamination at the Handford Site in Washington using high-precision uranium isotopic measurements AN - 51797149; 2004-074366 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Christensen, John N AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Maher, Kate AU - DePaolo, Donald J Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 3330 EP - 3337 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Cold Creek KW - volcanic rocks KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - mass spectra KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - movement KW - basalts KW - sediments KW - Pasco Basin KW - spectra KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - high-resolution methods KW - Washington KW - isotope ratios KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - Miocene KW - measurement KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Tertiary KW - boreholes KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - U-234 KW - Pliocene KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-234 KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51797149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Identifying+the+sources+of+subsurface+contamination+at+the+Handford+Site+in+Washington+using+high-precision+uranium+isotopic+measurements&rft.au=Christensen%2C+John+N%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMaher%2C+Kate%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3330&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; basalts; bedrock; boreholes; Cenozoic; Cold Creek; Columbia River Basalt Group; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; high-resolution methods; hydrology; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; lithostratigraphy; mass spectra; measurement; metals; Miocene; movement; Neogene; Pasco Basin; Pliocene; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Ringold Formation; sediments; soils; spectra; Tertiary; U-234; U-238/U-234; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; volcanic rocks; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural speciation of Zn at the micrometer scale in a clayey soil using X-ray fluorescence, absorption, and diffraction AN - 51745185; 2005-018632 AB - Combined use of synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence (SXRF), diffraction (XRD), and absorption (EXAFS) with an X-ray spot size as small as five micrometers allows us to examine noninvasively heterogeneous soils and sediments. Specifically, the speciation of trace metals at low bulk concentrations and the nature of host minerals can be probed with a level of detail unattainable by other techniques. The potential of this novel analytical approach is demonstrated by determining the Zn species in the solid phases of a pristine horizon of a clayey acidic soil (pH 4.5-5.0) having a Zn concentration of 128 mg/kg. The sample presents a differentiated fabric under the optical microscope with traces of localized manganiferous, ferriferous and argillaceous accumulations. The high chemical and textural heterogeneity of this soil offers an opportunity to identify new Zn species and to confirm the existence of others proposed from published least-squares fits of bulk averaged EXAFS spectra. As many as five to six Zn species were observed: sphalerite (ZnS), zincochromite (ZnCr (sub 2) O (sub 4) ), Zn-containing phyllosilicate and lithiophorite, and Zn-sorbed ferrihydrite or Zn-phosphate, the results being less definitive for these two last species. Bulk EXAFS spectroscopy applied to the powdered soil indicated that Zn is predominantly associated with phyllosilicates, all other species amounting to < approximately 10 to 20% of total zinc. The role of lithiophorite in the sequestration of zinc in soils had been inferred previously, but the firm identification of lithiophorite in this study serves as an excellent demonstration of the capabilities of combined micro-SXRF/XRD/EXAFS measurements. The micro-EXAFS spectrum collected in an area containing only phyllosilicates could not be simulated assuming a single Zn structural environment. Two distinct octahedrally-coordinated crystallographic sites (i.e., two EXAFS components) were considered: one site located within the phyllosilicate structure (isomorphic cationic substitution in the octahedral sheet) and another in the interlayer region in the form of a Zn-sorbed hydroxy-Al interlayered species. This second subspecies is less certain and further investigation of the individual EXAFS spectrum of this component is needed to precise its exact nature and the uptake mechanism of zinc in it. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Manceau, Alain AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Tamura, Nobumichi AU - Proux, Olivier AU - Geoffroy, Nicolas AU - Lanson, Bruno Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 2467 EP - 2483 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 68 IS - 11 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - soils KW - zinc KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - sequestration KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - pollutants KW - clay mineralogy KW - lithiophorite KW - pollution KW - synchrotron radiation KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - Clay soils KW - sediments KW - EXAFS data KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - applications KW - spectra KW - gibbsite KW - geochemistry KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51745185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Natural+speciation+of+Zn+at+the+micrometer+scale+in+a+clayey+soil+using+X-ray+fluorescence%2C+absorption%2C+and+diffraction&rft.au=Manceau%2C+Alain%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BTamura%2C+Nobumichi%3BProux%2C+Olivier%3BGeoffroy%2C+Nicolas%3BLanson%2C+Bruno&rft.aulast=Manceau&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2003.11.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; chemical fractionation; clay mineralogy; Clay soils; EXAFS data; experimental studies; geochemistry; gibbsite; laboratory studies; lithiophorite; metals; oxides; pollutants; pollution; sediments; sequestration; soils; spectra; synchrotron radiation; toxic materials; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2003.11.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of volcanic influence on global precipitation AN - 51730565; 2005-030155 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Gillett, N P AU - Weaver, A J AU - Zwiers, F W AU - Wehner, M F Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 12 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - atmosphere KW - effects KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - hydrologic cycle KW - volcanism KW - eruptions KW - aerosols KW - greenhouse effect KW - regression analysis KW - climate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51730565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Detection+of+volcanic+influence+on+global+precipitation&rft.au=Gillett%2C+N+P%3BWeaver%2C+A+J%3BZwiers%2C+F+W%3BWehner%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Gillett&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GL020044 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; atmospheric precipitation; climate; effects; eruptions; greenhouse effect; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; numerical models; regression analysis; simulation; statistical analysis; temperature; volcanism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL020044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of CO (sub 2) disposal by mineral trapping in deep aquifers AN - 51680273; 2005-060569 AB - Carbon dioxide disposal into deep aquifers is a potential means whereby atmospheric emissions of greenhouse gases may be reduced. However, our knowledge of the geohydrology, geochemistry, geophysics, and geomechanics of CO (sub 2) disposal must be refined if this technology is to be implemented safely, efficiently, and predictably. As a prelude to a fully coupled treatment of physical and chemical effects of CO (sub 2) injection, the authors have analyzed the impact of CO (sub 2) immobilization through carbonate mineral precipitation. Batch reaction modeling of the geochemical evolution of 3 different aquifer mineral compositions in the presence of CO (sub 2) at high pressure were performed. The modeling considered the following important factors affecting CO (sub 2) sequestration: (1) the kinetics of chemical interactions between the host rock minerals and the aqueous phase, (2) CO (sub 2) solubility dependence on pressure, temperature and salinity of the system, and (3) redox processes that could be important in deep subsurface environments. The geochemical evolution under CO (sub 2) injection conditions was evaluated. In addition, changes in porosity were monitored during the simulations. Results indicate that CO (sub 2) sequestration by matrix minerals varies considerably with rock type. Under favorable conditions the amount of CO (sub 2) that may be sequestered by precipitation of secondary carbonates is comparable with and can be larger than the effect of CO (sub 2) dissolution in pore waters. The precipitation of ankerite and siderite is sensitive to the rate of reduction of Fe(III) mineral precursors such as goethite or glauconite. The accumulation of carbonates in the rock matrix leads to a considerable decrease in porosity. This in turn adversely affects permeability and fluid flow in the aquifer. The numerical experiments described here provide useful insight into sequestration mechanisms, and their controlling geochemical conditions and parameters. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Apps, John A AU - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 917 EP - 936 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 19 IS - 6 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - TOUGH2 KW - alteration KW - deep aquifers KW - technology KW - sandstone KW - salinity KW - solution KW - simulation KW - iron KW - observations KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - ferric iron KW - controls KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - TOUGHREACT KW - kinetics KW - Eh KW - P-T conditions KW - processes KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - numerical analysis KW - matrix KW - rates KW - solubility KW - high pressure KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - gas injection KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - carbonates KW - pore water KW - formula KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51680273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+disposal+by+mineral+trapping+in+deep+aquifers&rft.au=Xu%2C+Tianfu%3BApps%2C+John+A%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Tianfu&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2003.11.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; aquifers; carbon dioxide; carbonates; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; computer programs; controls; deep aquifers; Eh; ferric iron; formula; gas injection; ground water; high pressure; iron; kinetics; matrix; metals; models; numerical analysis; numerical models; observations; P-T conditions; pore water; porosity; precipitation; pressure; processes; rates; salinity; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; simulation; solubility; solution; technology; TOUGH2; TOUGHREACT; waste disposal; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2003.11.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of CO (sub 2) leakage from a geologic disposal reservoir, including transitions from super- to subcritical conditions, and boiling of liquid CO (sub 2) AN - 51640361; 2006-008506 AB - The critical point of CO (sub 2) is at temperature and pressure conditions of T (sub crit) = 31.04 degrees C, P (sub crit) = 73.82 bar. At lower (subcritical) temperatures and/or pressures, CO (sub 2) can exist in two different phase states, a liquid and a gaseous state, as well as in two-phase mixtures of these states. Disposal of CO (sub 2) into brine formations would be made at supercritical pressures. However, CO (sub 2) escaping from the storage reservoir may migrate upward toward regions with lower temperatures and pressures, where CO (sub 2) would be in subcritical conditions. An assessment of the fate of leaking CO (sub 2) requires a capability to model not only supercritical but also subcritical CO (sub 2) , as well as phase changes between liquid and gaseous CO (sub 2) in subcritical conditions. We have developed a methodology for numerically simulating the behavior of water/CO (sub 2) mixtures in permeable media under conditions that may include liquid, gaseous, and supercritical CO (sub 2) . This has been applied to simulations of leakage from a deep storage reservoir in which a rising CO (sub 2) plume undergoes transitions from supercritical to subcritical conditions. We find strong cooling effects when liquid CO (sub 2) rises to elevations where it begins to boil and evolve a gaseous CO (sub 2) phase. A three-phase zone forms (aqueous/liquid/gas), which over time becomes several hundred meters thick as decreasing temperatures permit liquid CO (sub 2) to advance to shallower elevations. Fluid mobilities are reduced in the three-phase region from phase interference effects. This impedes CO (sub 2) upflow, causes the plume to spread out laterally, and gives rise to dispersed CO (sub 2) discharge at the land surface. Our simulation suggests that temperatures along a CO (sub 2) leakage path may decline to levels low enough that solid water ice and CO (sub 2) hydrate phases may be formed. JF - SPE Journal AU - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 237 EP - 248 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1086-055X, 1086-055X KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - gas storage KW - fluid phase KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - boiling KW - brines KW - volume KW - cooling KW - reservoir properties KW - waste disposal KW - thermodynamic properties KW - permeability KW - P-T conditions KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51640361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPE+Journal&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+leakage+from+a+geologic+disposal+reservoir%2C+including+transitions+from+super-+to+subcritical+conditions%2C+and+boiling+of+liquid+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SPE+Journal&rft.issn=1086055X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boiling; brines; carbon dioxide; cooling; environmental effects; fluid phase; gas storage; gaseous phase; ground water; numerical models; P-T conditions; permeability; reservoir properties; seepage; simulation; thermodynamic properties; volume; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-frequency and very-high-frequency (HF & VHF) above-ground electromagnetic impedance measurements AN - 51275198; 2008-039988 AB - We have field-tested an apparatus for measuring the electromagnetic impedance above the ground at several frequencies in the 0.3-30 MHz range. This window in the frequency spectrum, which lies between frequencies used for GPR and those used for conventional loop-loop EM soundings, has not been used because of difficulties in fielding equipment for making absolute and accurate measurements. Model and physical parameter studies however confirm that data in this frequency band can be used to construct high-resolution maps of electrical conductivity and permittivity of near-surface material. Our equipment was assembled using commercial electric and magnetic antennas. The magnetic loop source is excited by a conventional signal generator-power amplifier assembly. Signal detection is accomplished using RF lock-in amplifiers. All system elements are appropriately isolated by optical fiber links. We estimate a measurement accuracy of about + or -10% for an 8-m separation between source and detector. Field tests were done at the University of California Richmond Field Station where the near surface electrical structure is well known. The experimental data at this site are mainly a function of electrical conductivity. In this context, we have obtained good agreement with the known local variations in resistivity both with depth and with position along a 35-m traverse. Additional tests in more resistive regimes where dielectric permittivity is not negligible yield spectral data compatible with the less well known near-surface electrical properties. JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Frangos, William AU - Becker, Alex AU - Lee, K H Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 87 EP - 93 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - soils KW - clay KW - experimental studies KW - electrical properties KW - electrical conductivity KW - apparent resistivity KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - resistivity KW - dipole-dipole methods KW - measurement KW - shallow depth KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - electromagnetic field KW - accuracy KW - impedance KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51275198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=High-frequency+and+very-high-frequency+%28HF+%26amp%3B+VHF%29+above-ground+electromagnetic+impedance+measurements&rft.au=Frangos%2C+William%3BBecker%2C+Alex%3BLee%2C+K+H&rft.aulast=Frangos&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; apparent resistivity; clastic sediments; clay; dipole-dipole methods; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; electrical properties; electromagnetic field; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; impedance; measurement; resistivity; sediments; shallow depth; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-linear dynamics in flow through unsaturated fractured porous media; status and perspectives AN - 51118834; 2007-005325 JF - Reviews of Geophysics AU - Faybishenko, Boris Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 30 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 8755-1209, 8755-1209 KW - non-linear distortion KW - saturated materials KW - unsaturated zone KW - remediation KW - environmental management KW - movement KW - basalts KW - hydrodynamics KW - time domain analysis KW - Asia KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Middle East KW - climate KW - hydrology KW - Idaho KW - chaos KW - properties KW - migration of elements KW - equations KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - geometry KW - models KW - physical properties KW - mathematical methods KW - waste disposal KW - microorganisms KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - Israel KW - simulation KW - Box Canyon KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - Negev KW - heterogeneity KW - rocks KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - soils KW - bedrock KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - Hell's Half Acre KW - biogenic processes KW - infiltration KW - classification KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51118834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Non-linear+dynamics+in+flow+through+unsaturated+fractured+porous+media%3B+status+and+perspectives&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+Boris&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+Geophysics&rft.issn=87551209&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003RG000125 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/rg/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 160 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RGPSBL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; basalts; bedrock; biogenic processes; Box Canyon; chaos; classification; climate; environmental management; equations; fluid injection; fractures; geochemistry; geometry; ground water; Hell's Half Acre; heterogeneity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; Idaho; igneous rocks; infiltration; Israel; mathematical methods; microorganisms; Middle East; migration of elements; models; movement; Negev; Nevada; non-linear distortion; Nye County Nevada; physical properties; pollution; porosity; porous materials; prediction; properties; remediation; rocks; saturated materials; simulation; soils; time domain analysis; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; water-rock interaction; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003RG000125 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of radon gas into a tunnel at Yucca Mountain; estimating large-scale fractured tuff hydraulic properties and implications for the operation of the ventilation system AN - 50567585; 2008-123312 AB - Radon gas concentrations have been monitored as part of the operation of a tunnel (the Exploratory Studies Facility--ESF) at Yucca Mountain to ensure worker safety. The objective of this study was to examine the potential use of the radon data to estimate large-scale formation properties of fractured tuffs. This objective was examined by developing a numerical model, based upon the characteristics of the ESF and the Topopah Spring welded (TSw) tuff unit, capable of predicting radon concentrations for prescribed ventilation conditions. The model was used to address two specific issues. First, it was used to estimate the permeability and porosity of the fractures in the TSw at the length scale of the ESF and extending tens of meters into the TSw, which surrounds the ESF. Second, the model was used to understand the mechanism leading to radon concentrations exceeding a specified level within the ESF. The mechanism controlling radon concentrations in the ESF is a function of atmospheric barometric fluctuations being propagated down the ESF along with ventilated air flow and the slight suction induced by the ventilation exhaust fans at the South Portal of the ESF. These pressure fluctuations are dampened in the TSw fracture continuum according to its permeability and porosity. Consequently, as the barometric pressure in the ESF drops rapidly, formation gases from the TSw are pulled into the ESF, resulting in an increase in radon concentrations. Model calibration to both radon concentrations measured in the ESF and gas-phase pressure fluctuations in the TSw yielded concurrent estimates of TSw fracture permeability and porosity of 1X10 (super -11) m (super 2) and 0.00034, respectively. The calibrated model was then used as a design tool to predict the effect of adjusting the current ventilation-system operation strategy for reducing the probability of radon gas concentrations exceeding a specified level. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Unger, Andre AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 153 EP - 171 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 70 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - mechanism KW - calibration KW - radon KW - reservoir rocks KW - ventilation KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - controls KW - radioactive isotopes KW - noble gases KW - tunnels KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - soils KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - welded tuff KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - inverse problem KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - Miocene KW - Rn-222 KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - Neogene KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50567585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Transport+of+radon+gas+into+a+tunnel+at+Yucca+Mountain%3B+estimating+large-scale+fractured+tuff+hydraulic+properties+and+implications+for+the+operation+of+the+ventilation+system&rft.au=Unger%2C+Andre%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur&rft.aulast=Unger&rft.aufirst=Andre&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2003.07.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; Cenozoic; concentration; controls; design; experimental studies; fractured materials; fractures; high-level waste; igneous rocks; inverse problem; isotopes; mechanism; migration of elements; Miocene; monitoring; Neogene; Nevada; noble gases; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; physical properties; pollution; porosity; prediction; pyroclastics; radioactive isotopes; radon; reservoir rocks; Rn-222; soils; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; tunnels; underground disposal; United States; ventilation; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.07.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating flow parameter distributions using ground-penetrating radar and hydrological measurements during transient flow in the vadose zone AN - 18053318; 5912606 AB - Methods for estimating the parameter distributions necessary for modeling fluid flow and contaminant transport in the shallow subsurface are in great demand. Soil properties such as permeability, porosity, and water retention are typically estimated through the inversion of hydrological data (e.g. measurements of capillary pressure and water saturation). However, ill-posedness and non-uniqueness commonly arise in such non-linear inverse problems making their solutions elusive. Incorporating additional types of data, such as from geophysical methods, may greatly improve the success of inverse modeling. In particular, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) methods have proven sensitive to subsurface fluid flow processes and appear promising for such applications. In the present work, an inverse technique is presented which allows for the estimation of flow parameter distributions and the prediction of flow phenomena using GPR and hydrological measurements collected during a transient flow experiment. Specifically, concepts from the pilot point method were implemented in a maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework to allow for the generation of permeability distributions that are conditional to permeability point measurements, that maintain specified patterns of spatial correlation, and that are consistent with geophysical and hydrological data. The current implementation of the approach allows for additional flow parameters to be estimated concurrently if they are assumed uniform and uncorrelated with the permeability distribution. (The method itself allows for heterogeneity in these parameters to be considered, and it allows for parameters of the petrophysical and semivariogram models to be estimated as well.) Through a synthetic example, performance of the method is evaluated under various conditions, and some conclusions are made regarding the joint use of transient GPR and hydrological measurements in estimating fluid flow parameters in the vadose zone. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Kowalsky, M B AU - Finsterle, S AU - Rubin, Y AD - Civil and Environmental Engineering, 435 Davis Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA, mbkowalsky@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 583 EP - 599 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18053318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Estimating+flow+parameter+distributions+using+ground-penetrating+radar+and+hydrological+measurements+during+transient+flow+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Kowalsky%2C+M+B%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BRubin%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Kowalsky&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2004.03.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.03.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reply: whole-culture synchronization - effective tools for cell cycle studies AN - 18005484; 5958637 AB - Studies of gene expression during the eukaryotic cell cycle in whole-culture synchronized cultures have been published using many methodologies. These procedures alter the state of the cell cycle for a population of cells, rather than purifying a population of cells that are in the same state. Criticism of these methods (e.g. see Cooper, this issue, pp. 266-269, DOI:10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.04.009) suggests that these studies are flawed, and posits that such methodologies cannot be used to study the cell cycle because they alter the size and age distributions of the cultures. We believe that whole-culture cell cycle studies work even though they alter the size and age distributions: these cells still progress through the cell cycle and although we do not suggest that the methods are perfect, we will explain how these microarray studies have successfully identified cell cycle regulated genes and why these results are biologically meaningful. JF - Trends in Biotechnology AU - Spellman, P T AU - Sherlock, G AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Science Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 84, Room 336, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 270 EP - 273 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 0167-7799, 0167-7799 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Age KW - Cell cycle KW - Synchronization KW - Cell culture KW - Batch culture KW - Reviews KW - Cell size KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33220:Cell culture KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation KW - W2 32220:Cell culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18005484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Reply%3A+whole-culture+synchronization+-+effective+tools+for+cell+cycle+studies&rft.au=Spellman%2C+P+T%3BSherlock%2C+G&rft.aulast=Spellman&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01677799&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2004.04.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell culture; Synchronization; Cell cycle; Batch culture; Age; Cell size; Reviews DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.04.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Final words: cell age and cell cycle are unlinked AN - 17996811; 5958640 AB - Cooper has a simple belief: that the cell cycle is connected to age and size. Furthermore, as a result of this connection in his mind he believes that there are no possible manipulations that can operate on a batch culture to synchronize cells within the cell cycle, such that those cells can undergo a semblance of a normal cell cycle. His formulation of this argument is as a fundamental law', the law of conservation of cell-age order (LCCAO). The first part of this law - there is no batch treatment of the culture that can lead to an alteration of the cell-age order' - can probably be proved true, in the mathematical sense, and certainly makes intuitive sense. Unfortunately the corollaries of this law are rather suspect, drawing inferences from cell age to cell size to the cell cycle. JF - Trends in Biotechnology AU - Spellman, P T AU - Sherlock, G AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Science Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 84, Room 336, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 277 EP - 278 VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 0167-7799, 0167-7799 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Age KW - Mathematical models KW - Synchronization KW - Cell cycle KW - Batch culture KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33220:Cell culture KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation KW - W2 32220:Cell culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17996811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Final+words%3A+cell+age+and+cell+cycle+are+unlinked&rft.au=Spellman%2C+P+T%3BSherlock%2C+G&rft.aulast=Spellman&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01677799&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2004.04.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell cycle; Age; Synchronization; Mathematical models; Batch culture DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.04.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A composite medium approximation for unsaturated flow in layered sediments AN - 17947443; 5903661 AB - Saturated-unsaturated flow in strictly layered sediments proceeds via conductors in parallel in the direction parallel to bedding, and via resistors in series in the direction perpendicular to bedding. On sufficiently small scales of space and time, flow in such media will be subject to approximate capillary equilibrium locally, which provides a basis for approximating the effective hydraulic conductivity of a composite multi-layer medium in terms of the conductivities of the individual layers. Equations for the hydraulic conductivity tensor in 'composite medium approximation' (COMA) are given in a coordinate system aligned with bedding. Hydraulic conductivity parallel to bedding is generally larger than in the perpendicular direction. The anisotropy depends on the spread of the conductivity distribution, and tends to increase for dryer conditions. The COMA model was implemented in a multi-phase flow simulator and tested by comparison with high-resolution simulations in which all layering heterogeneity is resolved explicitly. Under favorable conditions, COMA is found to accurately represent sub-grid scale flow and transport processes, providing a practical method for simulating field-scale flow and transport in layered media. The approximation improves when layers are thinner, and when flow rates are smaller. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Pruess, K AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Rd-Mailstop 90-1116, Berkely CA 94720, USA, k_pruess@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 225 EP - 247 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 70 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Modeling KW - Layered media KW - Vadose zone KW - Aniostropy KW - Lateral spreading , Nomenclature KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Permeability Coefficient KW - Vadose Water KW - Sediments KW - Model Studies KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17947443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+composite+medium+approximation+for+unsaturated+flow+in+layered+sediments&rft.au=Pruess%2C+K&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2003.09.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Path of Pollutants; Vadose Water; Permeability Coefficient; Sediments; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.09.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hexavalent Uranium Diffusion into Soils from Concentrated Acidic and Alkaline Solutions AN - 16185192; 6000818 AB - Uranium contamination of soils and sediments often originates from acidic or alkaline waste sources, with diffusion being a major transport mechanism. Measurements of U(VI) diffusion from initially pH 2 and pH 11 solutions into a slightly alkaline Altamont soil and a neutral Oak Ridge soil were obtained through monitoring uptake from boundary reservoirs and from U concentration profiles within soil columns. The soils provided pH buffering, resulting in diffusion at nearly constant pH. Micro X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra confirmed that U remained in U(VI) forms in all soils. Time trends of U(VI) depletion from reservoirs and U(VI) concentration profiles within soil columns yielded K sub(d) values consistent with those determined in batch tests at similar concentrations ( approximately 1 mM) and much lower than values for sorption at much lower concentrations (nM to mu M). These results show that U(VI) transport at high concentrations can be relatively fast at non-neutral pH, with negligible surface diffusion, because of weak sorption. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Pena, J AU - Sutton AU - Newville, M AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, tktokunaga@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/06/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jun 01 SP - 3056 EP - 3062 VL - 38 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Sorption KW - Acidic wastes KW - Uranium KW - Absorption KW - Diffusion KW - Soil contamination KW - Alkaline wastes KW - pH KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16185192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Hexavalent+Uranium+Diffusion+into+Soils+from+Concentrated+Acidic+and+Alkaline+Solutions&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+T+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BPena%2C+J%3BSutton%3BNewville%2C+M&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3056&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes035289%2B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Acidic wastes; Uranium; Absorption; Diffusion; Soil contamination; Alkaline wastes; pH; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es035289+ ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural Studies of the Nudix Hydrolase DR1025 From Deinococcus radiodurans and its Ligand Complexes AN - 18024524; 5954499 AB - We have determined the crystal structure, at 1.4A , of the Nudix hydrolase DR1025 from the extremely radiation resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. The protein forms an intertwined homodimer by exchanging N-terminal segments between chains. We have identified additional conserved elements of the Nudix fold, including the metal-binding motif, a kinked beta -strand characterized by a proline two positions upstream of the Nudix consensus sequence, and participation of the N-terminal extension in the formation of the substrate-binding pocket. Crystal structures were also solved of DR1025 crystallized in the presence of magnesium and either a GTP analog or Ap4A (both at 1.6A resolution). In the Ap4A co-crystal, the electron density indicated that the product of asymmetric hydrolysis, ATP, was bound to the enzyme. The GTP analog bound structure showed that GTP was bound almost identically as ATP. Neither nucleoside triphosphate was further cleaved. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Ranatunga, W AU - Hill, EE AU - Mooster, J L AU - Holbrook, EL AU - Schulze-Gahmen, U AU - Xu, W AU - Bessman, MJ AU - Brenner, SE AU - Holbrook AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, srholbrook@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/05/21/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 21 SP - 103 EP - 116 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 339 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - nudix hydrolase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Metals KW - Proline KW - Dimers KW - Protein folding KW - Crystal structure KW - Deinococcus radiodurans KW - Magnesium KW - Ligands KW - A 01006:Enzymes & cofactors KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18024524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Structural+Studies+of+the+Nudix+Hydrolase+DR1025+From+Deinococcus+radiodurans+and+its+Ligand+Complexes&rft.au=Ranatunga%2C+W%3BHill%2C+EE%3BMooster%2C+J+L%3BHolbrook%2C+EL%3BSchulze-Gahmen%2C+U%3BXu%2C+W%3BBessman%2C+MJ%3BBrenner%2C+SE%3BHolbrook&rft.aulast=Ranatunga&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-05-21&rft.volume=339&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2004.01.065 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Proline; Dimers; Protein folding; Crystal structure; Magnesium; Ligands; Deinococcus radiodurans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2004.01.065 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beamline 10.3.2 at ALS: a hard X-ray microprobe for environmental and materials sciences. AN - 71854980; 15103110 AB - Beamline 10.3.2 at the ALS is a bend-magnet line designed mostly for work on environmental problems involving heavy-metal speciation and location. It offers a unique combination of X-ray fluorescence mapping, X-ray microspectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction. The optics allow the user to trade spot size for flux in a size range of 5-17 microm in an energy range of 3-17 keV. The focusing uses a Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror pair to image a variable-size virtual source onto the sample. Thus, the user can reduce the effective size of the source, thereby reducing the spot size on the sample, at the cost of flux. This decoupling from the actual source also allows for some independence from source motion. The X-ray fluorescence mapping is performed with a continuously scanning stage which avoids the time overhead incurred by step-and-repeat mapping schemes. The special features of this beamline are described, and some scientific results shown. JF - Journal of synchrotron radiation AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - MacDowell, Alastair A AU - Celestre, Richard AU - Manceau, Alain AU - Miller, Tom AU - Padmore, Howard A AU - Sublett, Robert E AD - Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. mamarcus@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/05/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 01 SP - 239 EP - 247 VL - 11 SN - 0909-0495, 0909-0495 KW - Cadmium Compounds KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Sulfides KW - cadmium sulfide KW - 057EZR4Z7Q KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Zinc -- analysis KW - Nanotubes -- chemistry KW - Equipment Design KW - Systems Integration KW - Sulfides -- chemistry KW - Nanotubes -- ultrastructure KW - Arabidopsis -- chemistry KW - Cadmium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Metals -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis KW - Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission -- instrumentation KW - X-Rays KW - Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission -- methods KW - X-Ray Diffraction -- methods KW - Transducers KW - Materials Testing -- methods KW - X-Ray Diffraction -- instrumentation KW - Materials Testing -- instrumentation KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71854980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+synchrotron+radiation&rft.atitle=Beamline+10.3.2+at+ALS%3A+a+hard+X-ray+microprobe+for+environmental+and+materials+sciences.&rft.au=Marcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BMacDowell%2C+Alastair+A%3BCelestre%2C+Richard%3BManceau%2C+Alain%3BMiller%2C+Tom%3BPadmore%2C+Howard+A%3BSublett%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+synchrotron+radiation&rft.issn=09090495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-15 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Robust determination of the pore-space morphology in sedimentary rocks AN - 51787267; 2004-079623 JF - JPT. Journal of Petroleum Technology AU - Silin, Dmitry B AU - Jin, Guodong AU - Patzek, Tad W Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 69 EP - 70 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Dallas, TX VL - 56 IS - 5 SN - 0149-2136, 0149-2136 KW - morphology KW - petroleum engineering KW - sedimentary rocks KW - capillary pressure KW - pore-throat detection algorithm KW - connectivity KW - reservoir properties KW - algorithms KW - voxel object KW - porosity KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51787267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JPT.+Journal+of+Petroleum+Technology&rft.atitle=Robust+determination+of+the+pore-space+morphology+in+sedimentary+rocks&rft.au=Silin%2C+Dmitry+B%3BJin%2C+Guodong%3BPatzek%2C+Tad+W&rft.aulast=Silin&rft.aufirst=Dmitry&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JPT.+Journal+of+Petroleum+Technology&rft.issn=01492136&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - www.spe.org/jpt http://www.spe.org/jpt/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Highlights from original edited by Denney, Dennis N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JPTJAM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; capillary pressure; connectivity; morphology; petroleum engineering; pore-throat detection algorithm; porosity; reservoir properties; sedimentary rocks; voxel object ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A self-consistent approach for calculating the effective hydraulic conductivity of a binary, heterogeneous medium AN - 51504595; 2007-009923 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Pozdniakov (Pozdnyakov), Sergey AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 13 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 40 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - fluid dynamics KW - distribution KW - porosity KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - fractures KW - heterogeneous materials KW - hydrodynamics KW - percolation KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - permeability KW - effective hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51504595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+self-consistent+approach+for+calculating+the+effective+hydraulic+conductivity+of+a+binary%2C+heterogeneous+medium&rft.au=Pozdniakov+%28Pozdnyakov%29%2C+Sergey%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu&rft.aulast=Pozdniakov+%28Pozdnyakov%29&rft.aufirst=Sergey&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002617 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; distribution; effective hydraulic conductivity; fluid dynamics; fractures; ground water; heterogeneity; heterogeneous materials; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; numerical models; percolation; permeability; porosity; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002617 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conditions necessary for capillary hysteresis in porous media; tests of grain size and surface tension influences AN - 51502191; 2007-009929 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Olson, Keith R AU - Wan, Jiamin Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 13 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 40 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - hysteresis KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - surface tension KW - porous materials KW - capillarity KW - gravel KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - models KW - saturation KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51502191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Conditions+necessary+for+capillary+hysteresis+in+porous+media%3B+tests+of+grain+size+and+surface+tension+influences&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BOlson%2C+Keith+R%3BWan%2C+Jiamin&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002908 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillarity; clastic sediments; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; gravel; ground water; hydrodynamics; hysteresis; models; moisture; porosity; porous materials; saturation; sediments; soils; surface tension; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002908 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconstructing population exposures from dose biomarkers: inhalation of trichloroethylene (TCE) as a case study AN - 18054633; 6020741 AB - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a well-established toxicological tool designed to relate exposure to a target tissue dose. The emergence of federal and state programs for environmental health tracking and the availability of exposure monitoring through biomarkers creates the opportunity to apply PBPK models to estimate exposures to environmental contaminants from urine, blood, and tissue samples. However, reconstructing exposures for large populations is complicated by often having too few biomarker samples, large uncertainties about exposures, and large interindividual variability. In this paper, we use an illustrative case study to identify some of these difficulties, and for a process for confronting them by reconstructing population-scale exposures using Bayesian inference. The application consists of interpreting biomarker data from eight adult males with controlled exposures to trichloroethylene (TCE) as if the biomarkers were random samples from a large population with unknown exposure conditions. The TCE concentrations in blood from the individuals fell into two distinctly different groups even though the individuals were simultaneously in a single exposure chamber. We successfully reconstructed the exposure scenarios for both subgroups - although the reconstruction of one subgroup is different than what is believed to be the true experimental conditions. We were however unable to predict with high certainty the concentration of TCE in air. JF - Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology AU - Sohn, MD AU - McKone, TE AU - Blancato, J N AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS: 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mdsohn@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 204 EP - 213 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Environmental health KW - Blood levels KW - Urine KW - Dose-response effects KW - Trichloroethylene KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18054633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Exposure+Analysis+and+Environmental+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Reconstructing+population+exposures+from+dose+biomarkers%3A+inhalation+of+trichloroethylene+%28TCE%29+as+a+case+study&rft.au=Sohn%2C+MD%3BMcKone%2C+TE%3BBlancato%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Sohn&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Exposure+Analysis+and+Environmental+Epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsj.jea.7500314 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Urine; Dose-response effects; Environmental health; Trichloroethylene; Blood levels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jea.7500314 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of organic gases in a furnished room AN - 16165877; 5879169 AB - We present experimental data and semi-empirical models describing the sorption of organic gases in a simulated indoor residential environment. Two replicate experiments were conducted with 20 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a 50-m super(3) room finished with painted wallboard, carpet and cushion, draperies and furnishings. The VOCs span a wide volatility range and include ten hazardous air pollutants. VOCs were introduced to the static chamber as a pulse and their gas-phase concentrations were measured during a net adsorption period and a subsequent net desorption period. Three sorption models were fit to the measured concentrations for each compound to determine the simplest formulation needed to adequately describe the observed behavior. Sorption parameter values were determined by fitting the models to adsorption period data then checked by comparing measured and predicted behavior during desorption. The adequacy of each model was evaluated using a goodness of fit parameter calculated for each period. Results indicate that sorption usually does not greatly affect indoor concentrations of methyl-tert-butyl ether, 2-butanone, isoprene and benzene. In contrast, sorption appears to be a relevant indoor process for many of the VOCs studied, including C sub(8)-C sub(10) aromatic hydrocarbons (HC), terpenes, and pyridine. These compounds sorbed at rates close to typical residential air change rates and exhibited substantial sorptive partitioning at equilibrium. Polycyclic aromatic HCs, aromatic alcohols, ethenylpyridine and nicotine initially adsorbed to surfaces at rates of 1.5->6 h super(-1) and partitioned 95- >99% in the sorbed phase at equilibrium. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Singer, B C AU - Revzan, K L AU - Hotchi, T AU - Hodgson, A T AU - Brown, N J AD - Atmospheric Sciences, Indoor Environment Departments, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, bcsinger@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 2483 EP - 2494 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 38 IS - 16 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sorption KW - Hydrocarbons KW - MTBE KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Air quality KW - benzene KW - Air quality models KW - Residential areas KW - Isoprene KW - Indoor environments KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Volatile organic compounds in indoor air KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.584.61:Indoor climates (551.584.61) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16165877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+organic+gases+in+a+furnished+room&rft.au=Singer%2C+B+C%3BRevzan%2C+K+L%3BHotchi%2C+T%3BHodgson%2C+A+T%3BBrown%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2004.02.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indoor air pollution; Volatile organic compounds in indoor air; Air quality models; Sorption; Hydrocarbons; MTBE; Residential areas; Isoprene; Air quality; Indoor environments; benzene; Volatile organic compounds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.02.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remotely detected high-field MRI of porous samples. AN - 71764585; 15040984 AB - Remote detection of NMR is a novel technique in which an NMR-active sensor surveys an environment of interest and retains memory of that environment to be recovered at a later time in a different location. The NMR or MRI information about the sensor nucleus is encoded and stored as spin polarization at the first location and subsequently moved to a different physical location for optimized detection. A dedicated probe incorporating two separate radio frequency (RF)-circuits was built for this purpose. The encoding solenoid coil was large enough to fit around the bulky sample matrix, while the smaller detection solenoid coil had not only a higher quality factor, but also an enhanced filling factor since the coil volume comprised purely the sensor nuclei. We obtained two-dimensional (2D) void space images of two model porous samples with resolution less than 1.4 mm2. The remotely reconstructed images demonstrate the ability to determine fine structure with image quality superior to their directly detected counterparts and show the great potential of NMR remote detection for imaging applications that suffer from low sensitivity due to low concentrations and filling factor. JF - Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) AU - Seeley, Juliette A AU - Han, Song-I AU - Pines, Alexander AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 282 EP - 290 VL - 167 IS - 2 SN - 1090-7807, 1090-7807 KW - Xenon Isotopes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phantoms, Imaging KW - Equipment Failure Analysis KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- methods KW - Transducers KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- methods KW - Porosity KW - Image Enhancement -- methods KW - Image Enhancement -- instrumentation KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71764585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+magnetic+resonance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.+%3A+1997%29&rft.atitle=Remotely+detected+high-field+MRI+of+porous+samples.&rft.au=Seeley%2C+Juliette+A%3BHan%2C+Song-I%3BPines%2C+Alexander&rft.aulast=Seeley&rft.aufirst=Juliette&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+magnetic+resonance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.+%3A+1997%29&rft.issn=10907807&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-05-25 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced cutaneous vascular response in AD subjects under donepezil therapy. AN - 71726648; 15013568 AB - OBJECTIVEAbnormal cutaneous vasodilatory responses to the iontophoresis of vasodilators were previously observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We sought to replicate these observations and further identify peripheral vascular components of AD pathology.METHODSMethacholine chloride (MCh), acetylcholine chloride (ACh), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were applied iontophoretically to forearm skin. Laser Doppler imaging of treated areas yielded total perfusion response values.RESULTSResponse to MCh was enhanced 78% ( P=0.003 ) in AD subjects under therapy with the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) donepezil ( N=9 ), relative to age- and sex-matched controls ( N=12 ). Significant increases in perfusion were also observed after application of ACh (68%, P=0.03 ) and SNP (46%, P=0.04 ).CONCLUSIONSA previous study reported attenuated response to ACh in AD. Paradoxically, we observed a substantially enhanced response that is likely a consequence of donepezil therapy. The increased response to the endothelium-independent vasodilator SNP indicates improved general vasodilatory response, perhaps due to preservation of endogenous ACh by donepezil. Cerebral perfusion in response to functional activation may be improved in this way, suggesting a secondary therapeutic mode of donepezil. JF - Neurobiology of aging AU - Maltz, Jonathan S AU - Eberling, Jamie L AU - Jagust, William J AU - Budinger, Thomas F AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine and Functional Imaging, Ernest O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. jsmaltz@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 475 EP - 481 VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0197-4580, 0197-4580 KW - Indans KW - 0 KW - Piperidines KW - Vasodilator Agents KW - donepezil KW - 8SSC91326P KW - Index Medicus KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Drug Synergism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Piperidines -- pharmacology KW - Indans -- therapeutic use KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Piperidines -- therapeutic use KW - Vasodilation -- physiology KW - Alzheimer Disease -- physiopathology KW - Alzheimer Disease -- drug therapy KW - Indans -- pharmacology KW - Vasodilation -- drug effects KW - Vasodilator Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71726648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurobiology+of+aging&rft.atitle=Enhanced+cutaneous+vascular+response+in+AD+subjects+under+donepezil+therapy.&rft.au=Maltz%2C+Jonathan+S%3BEberling%2C+Jamie+L%3BJagust%2C+William+J%3BBudinger%2C+Thomas+F&rft.aulast=Maltz&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurobiology+of+aging&rft.issn=01974580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-05-11 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Robotic observations of enhanced carbon biomass and export at 55 degrees S during SOFeX AN - 51791048; 2004-075651 AB - Autonomous floats profiling in high-nitrate low-silicate waters of the Southern Ocean observed carbon biomass variability and carbon exported to depths of 100 m during the 2002 Southern Ocean Iron Experiment (SOFeX) to detect the effects of iron fertilization of surface water there. Control and "in-patch" measurements documented a greater than fourfold enhancement of carbon biomass in the iron-amended waters. Carbon export through 100 m increased two- to sixfold as the patch subducted below a front. The molar ratio of iron added to carbon exported ranged between 10 (super 4) and 10 (super 5) . The biomass buildup and export were much higher than expected for iron-amended low-silicate waters. JF - Science AU - Bishop, James K B AU - Wood, Todd J AU - Davis, Russ E AU - Sherman, Jeffrey T Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 417 EP - 420 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 304 IS - 5669 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Southern Ocean KW - sea water KW - biomass KW - hydrochemistry KW - iron KW - variations KW - Southern Ocean Iron Experiment KW - observations KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - metals KW - carbon KW - SOFeX KW - carbon cycle KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - instruments KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51791048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Robotic+observations+of+enhanced+carbon+biomass+and+export+at+55+degrees+S+during+SOFeX&rft.au=Bishop%2C+James+K+B%3BWood%2C+Todd+J%3BDavis%2C+Russ+E%3BSherman%2C+Jeffrey+T&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=James+K&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=304&rft.issue=5669&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomass; carbon; carbon cycle; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; instruments; iron; measurement; metals; nitrate ion; observations; sea water; SOFeX; Southern Ocean; Southern Ocean Iron Experiment; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unsaturated flow and transport through a fault embedded in fractured welded tuff AN - 51666683; 2005-071468 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Cook, Paul AU - Czarnomski, Atlantis AU - Hu, Qinhong AU - Hudson, David Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 12 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - hydraulics KW - volcanic rocks KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - techniques KW - Israel KW - fluid dynamics KW - seepage KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - sampling KW - tracers KW - hydrodynamics KW - Negev KW - mass transfer KW - Asia KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - Middle East KW - experimental studies KW - welded tuff KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Nye County Nevada KW - pyroclastics KW - chalk KW - waste disposal KW - carbonate rocks KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51666683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Unsaturated+flow+and+transport+through+a+fault+embedded+in+fractured+welded+tuff&rft.au=Salve%2C+Rohit%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BCook%2C+Paul%3BCzarnomski%2C+Atlantis%3BHu%2C+Qinhong%3BHudson%2C+David&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=Rohit&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002571 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; carbonate rocks; chalk; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; fractures; ground water; hydraulics; hydrodynamics; igneous rocks; Israel; mass transfer; Middle East; Negev; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollutants; pollution; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; rock mechanics; sampling; sedimentary rocks; seepage; site exploration; solute transport; techniques; tracers; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002571 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A corrected and generalized successive random additions algorithm for simulating fractional levy motions AN - 51510932; 2007-003651 JF - Mathematical Geology AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Lu, Silong AU - Molz, Fred J Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 361 EP - 378 PB - Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers [for the] International Association for Mathematical Geology, New York-London VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0882-8121, 0882-8121 KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - levy fractals KW - movement KW - probability KW - corrections KW - algorithms KW - heterogeneity KW - water resources KW - water pollution KW - fractals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51510932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Geology&rft.atitle=A+corrected+and+generalized+successive+random+additions+algorithm+for+simulating+fractional+levy+motions&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BLu%2C+Silong%3BMolz%2C+Fred+J&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+Geology&rft.issn=08828121&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/app/home/journal.asp?wasp=b408f16fc4da4b01a4296f132139c809&referrer=parent&backto=browsepublicationsresults,1625,2444; LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MATGED N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; corrections; fractals; ground water; heterogeneity; levy fractals; movement; pollution; probability; remediation; simulation; statistical analysis; water pollution; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing a method for measuring stress-induced temporal variations in seismic velocity; successful use of barometric pressure and solid-Earth tides as calibration signals AN - 51132380; 2005-042593 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Silver, P G AU - Niu, F AU - Daley, T AU - Majer, E AU - Henyey, Thomas L AU - Jordan, Thomas H AU - McRaney, John K Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 285 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 75 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - experimental studies KW - Earth tides KW - stress KW - calibration KW - depth KW - laboratory studies KW - cracks KW - seismicity KW - velocity structure KW - temporal distribution KW - hydrophones KW - crust KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51132380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Developing+a+method+for+measuring+stress-induced+temporal+variations+in+seismic+velocity%3B+successful+use+of+barometric+pressure+and+solid-Earth+tides+as+calibration+signals&rft.au=Silver%2C+P+G%3BNiu%2C+F%3BDaley%2C+T%3BMajer%2C+E%3BHenyey%2C+Thomas+L%3BJordan%2C+Thomas+H%3BMcRaney%2C+John+K&rft.aulast=Silver&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seismological Society of America 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; cracks; crust; depth; Earth tides; experimental studies; hydrophones; laboratory studies; seismicity; stress; temporal distribution; velocity structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of gas hydrates in the deep-sea Gulf of Mexico from seismic data AN - 50885472; 2004-073874 JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Cassassuce, Florence AU - Rector, James AU - Hoversten, Mike AU - Sparkman, Gene Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 366 EP - 372 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stability KW - petroleum KW - deep-sea environment KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - seismograms KW - concentration KW - AVO methods KW - seismic profiles KW - methane KW - geophysical methods KW - alkanes KW - seismic methods KW - organic compounds KW - reserves KW - marine environment KW - mathematical methods KW - synthetic seismograms KW - hydrocarbons KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - North Atlantic KW - Mississippi Canyon KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50885472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Study+of+gas+hydrates+in+the+deep-sea+Gulf+of+Mexico+from+seismic+data&rft.au=Cassassuce%2C+Florence%3BRector%2C+James%3BHoversten%2C+Mike%3BSparkman%2C+Gene&rft.aulast=Cassassuce&rft.aufirst=Florence&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=366&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Atlantic Ocean; AVO methods; concentration; deep-sea environment; gas hydrates; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Gulf of Mexico; hydrocarbons; marine environment; marine sediments; mathematical methods; methane; Mississippi Canyon; natural gas; North Atlantic; organic compounds; petroleum; reserves; sediments; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismograms; stability; surveys; synthetic seismograms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A constitutive-relationship model for film flow on rough fracture surfaces AN - 17726763; 6044052 AB - Film flow on fracture surfaces may be an important mechanism for fast flow in unsaturated fractured rocks. Incorporating this mechanism into a numerical model requires knowledge of constitutive relationships for film flow. Based on fractal concepts and a conceptual argument of Tokunaga et al. that water films could be treated as analogues to water in unsaturated porous media, a simple constitutive-relationship model has been developed. The validity of the model is supported by excellent agreements between calculation results and experimental observations for two different fracture surfaces. JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Liu, H H AD - Earth Sciences Division, MS 90-1116, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94706, USA, hhliu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 237 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fractals KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Porous Media KW - Geohydrology KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Model Studies KW - Films KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17726763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=A+constitutive-relationship+model+for+film+flow+on+rough+fracture+surfaces&rft.au=Liu%2C+H+H&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10040-003-0297-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Films; Model Studies; Groundwater Movement; Porous Media; Geologic Fractures; Fractals; Geohydrology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-003-0297-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A high proportion of genes involved in position effect variegation also affect chromosome inheritance. AN - 71759180; 14767778 AB - Suppressors and enhancers of position effect variegation (PEV) have been linked to the establishment and maintenance of heterochromatin. The presence of centromeres and other inheritance elements in heterochromatic regions suggests that suppressors and enhancers of PEV, Su(var) s and E(var)s [collectively termed Mod(var)s], may be required for chromosome inheritance. In order to test this hypothesis, we screened 59 ethyl methanesulfonate-generated Drosophila Mod(var)s for dominant effects on the partially compromised inheritance of a minichromosome ( J21A) missing a portion of the genetically defined centromere. Nearly half of these Mod(var)s significantly increased or decreased the transmission of J21A. Analyses of homozygous mutant larval neuroblasts suggest that these mutations affect cell cycle progression and native chromosome morphology. Five out of six complementation groups tested displayed mitotic abnormalities, including phenotypes such as telomere fusions, overcondensed chromosomes, and low mitotic index. We conclude that Mod(var)s as a group are highly enriched for genes that encode essential inheritance functions. We propose that a primary function of Mod(var)s is to promote chromosome inheritance, and that the gene silencing phenotype associated with PEV may be a secondary consequence of the heterochromatic structures required to carry out these functions. JF - Chromosoma AU - Le, Hiep D AU - Donaldson, Kathryn M AU - Cook, Kevin R AU - Karpen, Gary H AD - Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS-84R0171, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 269 EP - 276 VL - 112 IS - 6 SN - 0009-5915, 0009-5915 KW - Heterochromatin KW - 0 KW - Ethyl Methanesulfonate KW - 9H154DI0UP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Centromere KW - Homozygote KW - Gene Silencing KW - Larva -- metabolism KW - Disease Transmission, Infectious KW - Phenotype KW - Telomere -- metabolism KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - Suppression, Genetic KW - Mitotic Index KW - Mutation KW - Cell Cycle KW - Ethyl Methanesulfonate -- toxicity KW - Female KW - Male KW - Genes, Dominant -- physiology KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Drosophila melanogaster -- genetics KW - Neurons -- cytology KW - Heterochromatin -- genetics KW - Genes, Insect UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71759180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chromosoma&rft.atitle=A+high+proportion+of+genes+involved+in+position+effect+variegation+also+affect+chromosome+inheritance.&rft.au=Le%2C+Hiep+D%3BDonaldson%2C+Kathryn+M%3BCook%2C+Kevin+R%3BKarpen%2C+Gary+H&rft.aulast=Le&rft.aufirst=Hiep&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chromosoma&rft.issn=00095915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-11-01 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Science. 1996 Jul 5;273(5271):118-22 [8658180] J Cell Sci. 1995 Apr;108 ( Pt 4):1419-31 [7615663] Genetics. 1995 Sep;141(1):283-303 [8536977] Cell. 1995 Aug 25;82(4):599-609 [7664339] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2000 Feb;10(1):26-31 [10679385] Mol Biol Cell. 1999 Oct;10(10):3171-86 [10512858] Chromosoma. 1999 Apr;108(1):1-9 [10199951] Mol Cell. 1998 Nov;2(5):527-38 [9844626] Genetics. 1998 Oct;150(2):563-76 [9755190] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1998 Apr;8(2):147-53 [9610404] Nature. 1998 Apr 23;392(6678):825-8 [9572142] Cell. 1997 Dec 26;91(7):1007-19 [9428523] Genes Dev. 1997 Apr 1;11(7):863-75 [9106658] Genetics. 1997 Feb;145(2):325-37 [9071587] Genetics. 1997 Mar;145(3):737-47 [9055083] Cell. 1996 Jul 12;86(1):135-46 [8689681] Bioessays. 2000 Apr;22(4):351-63 [10723032] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2000 Apr;10(2):169-77 [10753788] Trends Cell Biol. 2000 Sep;10(9):392-9 [10932097] Nature. 2000 Aug 10;406(6796):593-9 [10949293] Nat Cell Biol. 2001 Feb;3(2):114-20 [11175742] Nature. 2001 Mar 1;410(6824):116-20 [11242053] Cell. 2001 Mar 9;104(5):639-42 [11257217] Genetics. 2001 Apr;157(4):1623-37 [11290718] Genes Dev. 2001 Jun 1;15(11):1334-48 [11390354] Nat Rev Genet. 2001 Aug;2(8):584-96 [11483983] Science. 2001 Aug 10;293(5532):1074-80 [11498575] Science. 2001 Dec 21;294(5551):2539-42 [11598266] Nat Cell Biol. 2002 Jan;4(1):89-93 [11780129] Genetics. 2002 Feb;160(2):609-21 [11861565] EMBO J. 2002 Mar 1;21(5):1121-31 [11867540] Genetics. 2002 Mar;160(3):995-1009 [11901117] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jan 7;100(1):193-8 [12509501] Genome Res. 2003 Feb;13(2):182-94 [12566396] Mol Gen Genet. 1981;182(3):516-9 [6795427] Genetics. 1988 Sep;120(1):181-98 [3146523] Genes Dev. 1989 Apr;3(4):438-53 [2498166] Mol Gen Genet. 1989 Jun;217(2-3):520-7 [2505058] Cell. 1990 Oct 5;63(1):33-46 [2170019] Genetics. 1992 Feb;130(2):333-44 [1541393] Genetics. 1992 Jul;131(3):683-91 [1628811] Genetics. 1992 Jun;131(2):345-52 [1644277] Genetics. 1993 Feb;133(2):279-90 [8382174] Genes Dev. 1995 Jan 15;9(2):218-33 [7851795] Methods Cell Biol. 1994;44:371-91 [7707964] Cell. 1995 Apr 7;81(1):129-38 [7720068] Cell. 1995 Apr 7;81(1):139-48 [7720069] Genes Dev. 1995 May 15;9(10):1263-77 [7758950] Bioessays. 1996 Apr;18(4):293-300 [8967897] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial polysaccharides template assembly of nanocrystal fibers AN - 51853852; 2004-035251 AB - Biological systems can produce extraordinary inorganic structures and morphologies. The mechanisms of synthesis are poorly understood but are of great interest for engineering novel materials. We use spectromicroscopy to show that microbially generated submicrometer-diameter iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) filaments contain polysaccharides, providing an explanation for the formation of akaganeite pseudo-single crystals with aspect ratios of approximately 1000:1. We infer that the cells extrude the polysaccharide strands to localize FeOOH precipitation in proximity to the cell membrane to harness the proton gradient for energy generation. Characterization of organic compounds with high spatial resolution, correlated with mineralogical information, should improve our understanding of biomineralization mechanisms. JF - Science AU - Chan, Clara S AU - De Stasio, Gelsomina AU - Welch, Susan A AU - Girasole, Marco AU - Frazer, Bradley H AU - Nesterova, Maria V AU - Fakra, Sirine AU - Banfield, Jillian F Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 1656 EP - 1658 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 303 IS - 5664 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - polysaccharides KW - characterization KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - emission spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - nanocrystals KW - laboratory studies KW - akaganeite KW - oxides KW - carbohydrates KW - spectra KW - biomineralization KW - high-resolution methods KW - experimental studies KW - oxyhydroxides KW - iron oxyhydroxides KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - iron hydroxides KW - inorganic materials KW - hydroxides KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - biofilms KW - crystallization KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51853852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Microbial+polysaccharides+template+assembly+of+nanocrystal+fibers&rft.au=Chan%2C+Clara+S%3BDe+Stasio%2C+Gelsomina%3BWelch%2C+Susan+A%3BGirasole%2C+Marco%3BFrazer%2C+Bradley+H%3BNesterova%2C+Maria+V%3BFakra%2C+Sirine%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Clara&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=303&rft.issue=5664&rft.spage=1656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1092098 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - akaganeite; biofilms; biogenic processes; biomineralization; bonding; carbohydrates; characterization; crystal structure; crystallization; emission spectra; experimental studies; high-resolution methods; hydroxides; inorganic materials; iron hydroxides; iron oxyhydroxides; laboratory studies; microorganisms; nanocrystals; organic compounds; oxides; oxyhydroxides; polysaccharides; SEM data; spectra; TEM data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1092098 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidification of forest soil in Russia; from 1893 to present AN - 51768806; 2005-008154 JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Lapenis, A G AU - Lawrence, G B AU - Andreev, A A AU - Bobrov, A A AU - Torn, M S AU - Harden, J W Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 13 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - buffers KW - global change KW - Europe KW - Russian Federation KW - Holocene KW - climate change KW - modern KW - Cenozoic KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - sampling KW - Saint Petersburg Russian Federation KW - Leningrad Oblast Russian Federation KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - climate KW - soils KW - forests KW - alkaline earth metals KW - soil profiles KW - Quaternary KW - biochemistry KW - Rostov Russian Federation KW - samples KW - biota KW - geochemical cycle KW - Voronezh Russian Federation KW - metals KW - acidification KW - seasonal variations KW - carbonates KW - land use KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51768806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Acidification+of+forest+soil+in+Russia%3B+from+1893+to+present&rft.au=Lapenis%2C+A+G%3BLawrence%2C+G+B%3BAndreev%2C+A+A%3BBobrov%2C+A+A%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BHarden%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Lapenis&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003GB002107 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; alkaline earth metals; biochemistry; biota; buffers; calcium; carbonates; Cenozoic; climate; climate change; Commonwealth of Independent States; Europe; forests; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; global change; Holocene; land use; Leningrad Oblast Russian Federation; magnesium; metals; modern; pH; Quaternary; Rostov Russian Federation; Russian Federation; Saint Petersburg Russian Federation; samples; sampling; seasonal variations; soil profiles; soils; Voronezh Russian Federation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003GB002107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On Barenblatt's model of spontaneous countercurrent imbibition AN - 51758221; 2005-009933 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Silin, Dmitry AU - Patzek, Tad Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 297 EP - 322 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - two-phase models KW - capillary pressure KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - enhanced recovery KW - equations KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - saturation KW - liquid waste KW - steady-state processes KW - multiphase flow KW - wettability KW - hydrodynamics KW - waste disposal KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=On+Barenblatt%27s+model+of+spontaneous+countercurrent+imbibition&rft.au=Silin%2C+Dmitry%3BPatzek%2C+Tad&rft.aulast=Silin&rft.aufirst=Dmitry&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; capillary pressure; enhanced recovery; equations; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; hydrodynamics; hydrology; laboratory studies; liquid waste; mathematical models; models; multiphase flow; permeability; pollution; pore water; porosity; preferential flow; saturation; steady-state processes; two-phase models; waste disposal; wettability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shear waves in acoustic anisotropic media AN - 51741034; 2005-023654 AB - Acoustic transversely isotropic (TI) media are defined by artificially setting the shear-wave velocity in the direction of symmetry axis, VS0, to zero. Contrary to conventional wisdom that equating VS0 = 0 eliminates shear waves, we demonstrate their presence and examine their properties. Specifically, we show that SV-waves generally have finite nonzero phase and group velocities in acoustic TI media. In fact, these waves have been observed in full waveform modeling, but apparently they were not understood and labeled as numerical artifacts. Acoustic TI media are characterized by extreme, in some sense infinite strength of anisotropy. It makes the following unusual wave phenomena possible: (1) there are propagation directions, where the SV-ray is orthogonal to the corresponding wavefront normal, (2) the SV-wave whose ray propagates along the symmetry axis is polarized parallel to the P-wave propagating in the same direction, (3) P-wave singularities, that is, directions where P- and SV-wave phase velocities coincide might exist in acoustic TI media. We also briefly discuss some aspects of wave propagation in low-symmetry acoustic anisotropic models. Extreme anisotropy in those media creates bizarre phase- and group-velocity surfaces that might bring intellectual delight to an anisotropic guru. JF - Geophysics AU - Grechka, Vladimir AU - Zhang, Linbin AU - Rector, James W Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 576 EP - 582 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - SV-waves KW - body waves KW - anisotropic materials KW - acoustical properties KW - shear stress KW - geophysical methods KW - mathematical models KW - elastic waves KW - seismic methods KW - theoretical studies KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51741034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Shear+waves+in+acoustic+anisotropic+media&rft.au=Grechka%2C+Vladimir%3BZhang%2C+Linbin%3BRector%2C+James+W&rft.aulast=Grechka&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=576&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1707077 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical properties; anisotropic materials; body waves; elastic waves; geophysical methods; mathematical models; propagation; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; shear stress; SV-waves; theoretical studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1707077 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic low-frequency effects in monitoring fluid-saturated reservoirs AN - 51740429; 2005-023649 AB - There is a complex relationship between seismic attributes, including the frequency dependence of reflections and fluid saturation in a reservoir. Observations in both laboratory and field data indicate that reflections from a fluid-saturated layer have an increased amplitude and delayed traveltime at low frequencies, when compared with reflections from a gas-saturated layer. Comparison of laboratory-modeling results with a diffusive-viscous-theory model show that low (<5) values of the quality factor Q can explain the observations of frequency dependence. At the field scale, conventional processing of time-lapse VSP data found minimal changes in seismic response of a gas-storage reservoir when the reservoir fluid changed from gas to water. Low-frequency analysis found significant seismic-reflection-attribute variation in the range of 15-50 Hz. The field observations agree with effects seen in laboratory data and predicted by the diffusive-viscous theory. One explanation is that very low values of Q are the result of internal diffusive losses caused by fluid flow. This explanation needs further theoretical investigation. The frequency-dependent amplitude and phase-reflection properties presented in this paper can be used for detecting and monitoring fluid-saturated layers. JF - Geophysics AU - Korneev, Valeri A AU - Goloshubin, Gennady M AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Silin, Dmitry B Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 522 EP - 532 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - seismic attributes KW - seismic profiles KW - monitoring KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - reflection methods KW - elastic waves KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - attenuation KW - Q KW - saturation KW - velocity KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51740429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Seismic+low-frequency+effects+in+monitoring+fluid-saturated+reservoirs&rft.au=Korneev%2C+Valeri+A%3BGoloshubin%2C+Gennady+M%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BSilin%2C+Dmitry+B&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=Valeri&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=522&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1707072 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; monitoring; Q; reflection methods; reservoir rocks; saturation; seismic attributes; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; velocity; vertical seismic profiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1707072 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crosswell electromagnetic and seismic imaging; an examination of coincident surveys at a steam flood project AN - 51736870; 2005-023637 AB - We studied crosswell electromagnetic and seismic images of three oil-saturated intervals within a southern California heavy oil field undergoing steam flood. The crosswell survey is located in a portion of the field where one well is in a "cold spot," resulting in differing steam propagation within the three units. Log analysis shows linear or second-order polynomial relationships (with correlation coefficients greater than 0.7) between electrical conductivity and water saturation, porosity, and clay content; whereas only a weakly linear relationship can be found between velocity and temperature in the lower unit studied. Crosswell seismic data is used to produce a velocity tomogram and a reflection section, and crosswell electromagnetic data is used to produce a conductivity section and derived porosity and water saturation. The seismic velocities from the tomograms show lateral variations consistent with the lateral variations in temperature seen in observation wells on either side of the crosswell section. The continuity and disruption of seismic reflections coincide with zones of continuous and variable porosity and water saturation as produced from the crosswell electromagnetic inverted conductivity section, and the derived regression fits between conductivity and porosity/water saturation. Seismic velocities, reflections, electrical conductivity, and the derived porosity and water saturation sections all contribute to explaining the observed lateral temperature variations between the wells within the three reservoir units. The unit with high steam content has low water saturation, high porosity, and laterally continuous low-velocity and seismic reflections, consistent with no barriers to flow. The upper unit, where steam breaks through later in the experiment, also has high porosity and laterally continuous seismic reflections. However, it shows a velocity gradient between the hot and cold wells consistent with the lack of steam in the cold well at the time of the experiment. The middle unit, in which steam never reaches the cold well during the experiment, has the highest water saturation and the largest zone of reduced porosity and disrupted seismic reflections, indicating a possible barrier to flow. JF - Geophysics AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Milligan, Paul AU - Byun, Joongmoo AU - Washbourne, John AU - Knauer, Larry C AU - Harness, Paul Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 406 EP - 414 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - electrical conductivity KW - well logs KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - heavy oil KW - reflection methods KW - porosity KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - California KW - steam injection KW - Kern County California KW - Kern River Field KW - floods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - velocity KW - controlled floods KW - image analysis KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51736870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Crosswell+electromagnetic+and+seismic+imaging%3B+an+examination+of+coincident+surveys+at+a+steam+flood+project&rft.au=Hoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BMilligan%2C+Paul%3BByun%2C+Joongmoo%3BWashbourne%2C+John%3BKnauer%2C+Larry+C%3BHarness%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Hoversten&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=406&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1707060 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; controlled floods; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic methods; floods; geophysical methods; heavy oil; image analysis; Kern County California; Kern River Field; oil and gas fields; porosity; reflection methods; seismic methods; steam injection; tomography; United States; velocity; well logs; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1707060 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface-to-tunnel seismic tomography studies at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51723083; 2005-033521 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research, B, Solid Earth and Planets AU - Gritto, Roland AU - Korneev, Valeri A AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Feighner, Mark A AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Peterson, John E Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - 3 SN - 0885-3401, 0885-3401 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - fractured materials KW - P-waves KW - imagery KW - geophysical surveys KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - elastic waves KW - radioactive waste KW - low-velocity zones KW - fractures KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - numerical models KW - geophysical methods KW - Nye County Nevada KW - distribution KW - surface-to-tunnel seismic methods KW - seismic methods KW - traveltime KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - waste disposal KW - amplitude KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51723083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2C+B%2C+Solid+Earth+and+Planets&rft.atitle=Surface-to-tunnel+seismic+tomography+studies+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Gritto%2C+Roland%3BKorneev%2C+Valeri+A%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BFeighner%2C+Mark+A%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BPeterson%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Gritto&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2C+B%2C+Solid+Earth+and+Planets&rft.issn=08853401&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JB002036 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jtoc/38876/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; body waves; distribution; elastic waves; fractured materials; fractures; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; imagery; low-velocity zones; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; P-waves; radioactive waste; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; site exploration; surface-to-tunnel seismic methods; surveys; tomography; traveltime; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JB002036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Results of a VSP experiment at the Resurgent Dome, Long Valley Caldera, California AN - 51715139; 2005-042683 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Gritto, Roland AU - Romero, Arturo E AU - Daley, Thomas M Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 6 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - well-logging KW - Resurgent Dome KW - elastic waves KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - Bishop Tuff KW - velocity KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - Quaternary KW - Mono County California KW - geophysical methods KW - porosity KW - Long Valley Caldera KW - seismic methods KW - boreholes KW - velocity structure KW - velocity constraints KW - surveys KW - Pleistocene KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51715139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Results+of+a+VSP+experiment+at+the+Resurgent+Dome%2C+Long+Valley+Caldera%2C+California&rft.au=Gritto%2C+Roland%3BRomero%2C+Arturo+E%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M&rft.aulast=Gritto&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GL019451 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bishop Tuff; body waves; boreholes; California; Cenozoic; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Long Valley Caldera; Mono County California; P-waves; Pleistocene; porosity; Quaternary; Resurgent Dome; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; United States; velocity; velocity constraints; velocity structure; vertical seismic profiles; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019451 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating Sources of Toxicity in Stormwater: Algae Mortality in Runoff Upstream of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory AN - 19813520; 5980864 AB - Stormwater quality monitoring at industrial facilities is required by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in accordance with the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (the Clean Water Act of 1972, 33 USC 1251, Section 402). In California, this requirement is enforced by the State Water Resources Control Board and Regional Water Quality Control Boards with permits issued under the National Pollutant Discharge and Elimination System (NPDES). The specific programs for stormwater runoff are most often operated under the statewide general permit for the Waste Discharge Requirements for Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Industrial Activities (Water Quality Order No. 02-01-DWQ, CAS000001). JF - Environmental Practice AU - Campbell, C G AU - Folks, K AU - Mathews, S AU - Martinelli, R AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS 90-111b, Berkeley, CA 94270, USA, CGCampbell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 23 EP - 35 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1466-0466, 1466-0466 KW - U.S. EPA KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Storm Runoff KW - Water resources KW - Phytoplankton KW - Water quality KW - Pollution legislation KW - upstream KW - Industrial wastes KW - Pollutants KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Ecotoxicology KW - USA, California KW - Permits KW - water quality control KW - Industrial areas KW - Algae KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Rivers KW - Mortality KW - Laboratories KW - Wastes KW - River discharge KW - Toxicity KW - Water pollution KW - Water pollution control KW - EPA KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Storm water KW - Clean Water Act KW - Runoff KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - K 03450:Ecology KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19813520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Practice&rft.atitle=Investigating+Sources+of+Toxicity+in+Stormwater%3A+Algae+Mortality+in+Runoff+Upstream+of+the+Lawrence+Livermore+National+Laboratory&rft.au=Campbell%2C+C+G%3BFolks%2C+K%3BMathews%2C+S%3BMartinelli%2C+R&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Practice&rft.issn=14660466&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Pollution monitoring; Industrial wastes; Ecotoxicology; Stormwater runoff; River discharge; Phytoplankton; Pollution legislation; Freshwater pollution; Mortality; Pollutants; Storm water; Wastes; Water resources; Toxicity; Water quality; Water pollution; Runoff; Algae; Water pollution control; EPA; water quality; upstream; Clean Water Act; Industrial areas; water quality control; Storm Runoff; Laboratories; Water Pollution Effects; Permits; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geological and anthropogenic factors influencing mercury speciation in mine wastes: an EXAFS spectroscopy study AN - 17288069; 5827118 AB - The speciation of Hg is a critical determinant of its mobility, reactivity, and potential bioavailability in mine-impacted regions. Furthermore, Hg speciation in these complex natural systems is influenced by a number of physical, geological, and anthropogenic variables. In order to investigate the degree to which several of these variables may affect Hg speciation, extended X- ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy was used to determine the Hg phases and relative proportions of these phases present in Hg-bearing wastes from selected mine-impacted regions in California and Nevada. The geological origin of Hg ore has a significant effect on Hg speciation in mine wastes. Specifically, samples collected from hot-spring Hg deposits were found to contain soluble Hg-chloride phases, while such phases were largely absent in samples from silica-carbonate Hg deposits; in both deposit types, however, Hg- sulfides in the form of cinnabar (HgS, hex.) and metacinnabar (HgS, cub.) dominate. Calcined wastes in which Hg ore was crushed and roasted in excess of 600 degree C, contain high proportions of metacinnabar while the main Hg-containing phase in unroasted waste rock samples from the same mines is cinnabar. The calcining process is thought to promote the reconstructive phase transformation of cinnabar to metacinnabar, which typically occurs at 345 degree C. The total Hg concentration in calcines is strongly correlated with particle size, with increases of nearly an order of magnitude in total Hg concentration between the 500-2000 mu m and <45 mu m size fractions (e.g. from 97-810 mg/kg Hg in calcines from the Sulphur Bank Mine, CA). The proportion of Hg-sulfides present also increased by 8-18% as particle size decreased over the same size range. This finding suggests that insoluble yet soft Hg-sulfides are subject to preferential mechanical weathering and become enriched in the fine-grained fraction, while soluble Hg phases are leached out more readily as particle size decreases. The speciation of Hg in mine wastes is similar to that in distributed sediments located downstream from the same waste piles, indicating that the transport of Hg from mine waste piles does not significantly impact Hg speciation. Hg L sub(III)-EXAFS analysis of samples from Au mining regions, where elemental Hg(0) was introduced to aid in the Au recovery process, identified the presence of Hg-sulfides and schuetteite (Hg sub(3)O sub(2)SO sub(4)), which may have formed as a result of long-term Hg(0) burial in reducing high-sulfide sediments. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Kim, C S AU - Rytuba, J J AU - Brown, GE Jr AD - Surface and Aqueous Geochemistry Group, Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2115, USA, cskim@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 379 EP - 393 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - weathering KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Speciation KW - Sulphur KW - Particle Size KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - USA, Nevada KW - Spectroscopy KW - Piles KW - Sulphides KW - Bioavailability KW - Absorption spectroscopy KW - Mining wastes KW - Chemical speciation KW - Sediment Sorting KW - Downstream KW - Geology KW - Weathering KW - USA, California KW - Ultrastructure KW - Particle size KW - Sediment pollution KW - Leaching KW - Sulfides KW - Wastes KW - Water pollution KW - Mercury KW - Mine Wastes KW - Mining KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17288069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geological+and+anthropogenic+factors+influencing+mercury+speciation+in+mine+wastes%3A+an+EXAFS+spectroscopy+study&rft.au=Kim%2C+C+S%3BRytuba%2C+J+J%3BBrown%2C+GE+Jr&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2803%2900147-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulphides; Particle size; Sediment pollution; Absorption spectroscopy; Sulphur; Anthropogenic factors; Wastes; Weathering; Mining; Ultrastructure; Water pollution; Bioavailability; Leaching; Mining wastes; Chemical speciation; Mercury; Geology; Piles; Speciation; Particle Size; Sulfides; Sediment Sorting; Downstream; Mine Wastes; Spectroscopy; USA, Nevada; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(03)00147-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - pH Neutralization and Zonation in Alkaline-Saline Tank Waste Plumes AN - 16178186; 5955081 AB - At the Hanford Site in Washington State, the pH values of contaminant plumes resulting from leaking of initially highly alkaline-saline radioactive waste solutions into the subsurface are now found to be substantially neutralized. However, the nature of plume pH neutralization has not previously been understood. As a master geochemical variable, pH needs to be understood in order to predict the fate and transport of contaminants carried by the waste plumes. Through this laboratory study, we found that the plume pH values spanned a broad range from 14 (within the near-source region) down to the value of 7 (lower than the pH value of the initial soil solution) while the plume was still connected to an actively leaking source. We defined two zones within a plume: the silicate dissolution zone (SDZ, pH 14-10) and the neutralized zone (NZ, pH 10-7). Quartz dissolution at elevated temperature and precipitation of secondary silicates (including sodium metasilicate, cancrinite, and zeolites) are the key reactions responsible for the pH neutralization within the SDZ. The rapid and thorough cation exchange of Na super(+) replacing Ca super(2+)/Mg super(2+), combined with transport, resulted in a dynamic Ca super(2+)/Mg super(2+)-enriched plume front. Subsequent precipitation of calcite, sodium silicate, and possibly talc led to dramatically reduced pH within the plume front and the neutralized zone. During aging (after the plume source became inactive), continued quartz dissolution and the secondary silicate precipitation drove the pH value lower, toward pH 11 at equilibrium within the SDZ, whereas the pH values in the NZ remained relatively unchanged with time. A pH profile of 11 from the plume source to pH 7 at the plume front is expected for a historical plume. This laboratory-based study provided realistic plume pH profiles (consistent with that measured from borehole samples) and identified underlying mechanisms responsible for pH evolution. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Wan, J AU - Larsen, J T AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Zheng, Zuoping AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, jwan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Mar 01 SP - 1321 EP - 1329 VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Sodium KW - Historical account KW - Cations KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Temperature KW - Precipitation KW - Plumes KW - Neutralization KW - pH KW - Hazardous wastes KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16178186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=pH+Neutralization+and+Zonation+in+Alkaline-Saline+Tank+Waste+Plumes&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BLarsen%2C+J+T%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BZheng%2C+Zuoping&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes034855y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Historical account; Cations; Temperature; Radioactive wastes; Precipitation; Neutralization; Plumes; Hazardous wastes; pH; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es034855y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short-term emissions deterioration in the California and Phoenix I/M programs AN - 16169941; 5862837 AB - An earlier analysis of the inspection and maintenance (I/M) program in Phoenix, Arizona [Environ. Sci. Policy 4 (2001) 377] found that fleet average emissions increased or "deteriorated" substantially between biennial I/M test cycles, and that a large fraction of the vehicles that initially failed and later passed in the first I/M cycle failed again two years later. In this paper we study vehicles that reported for a second I/M cycle well before their required biennial cycle, often because the subject vehicle was about to be sold to a new owner, in the decentralized California ASM program and the centralized Phoenix IM240 program. Because the off-cycle tests occurred at different times after the initial cycle, they allow the analysis of repeat failure rates over the shorter term (less than two years). We found that in California 20% of fail-pass vehicles, and 5% of initial-pass vehicles, failed the initial test of their next I/M cycle occurring within three months of completing the previous cycle; the failure rates were even higher in the centralized Phoenix program. This suggests that highly variable emissions, and not test fraud, were the cause of the large number of vehicles failing so soon after completing a previous I/M cycle. According to a model, as much as 74% of the vehicles that failed their initial test in Phoenix passed a retest because of emissions variability, and not because any repairs were performed. Vehicles with highly variable emissions may not only fail and pass a subsequent retest without repair, but also are likely to fail again if tested shortly thereafter. A large number of these vehicles may explain the apparent rapid increase or "deterioration" in fleet emissions observed in multiple years of I/M test result data. JF - Transportation Research, Part D: Transport and Environment AU - Wenzel, T P AU - Singer, B C AU - Slott, R R AU - Stedman, D H AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Room 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, tpwenzel@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 107 EP - 124 VL - 9D IS - 2 SN - 1361-9209, 1361-9209 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Government programs KW - Motor vehicles KW - Emission control KW - Air pollution control KW - USA, California KW - USA, Arizona, Phoenix KW - Exhaust emissions KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16169941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research%2C+Part+D%3A+Transport+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Short-term+emissions+deterioration+in+the+California+and+Phoenix+I%2FM+programs&rft.au=Wenzel%2C+T+P%3BSinger%2C+B+C%3BSlott%2C+R+R%3BStedman%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Wenzel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=9D&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research%2C+Part+D%3A+Transport+and+Environment&rft.issn=13619209&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.trd.2003.09.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Government programs; Motor vehicles; Air pollution control; Emission control; Exhaust emissions; USA, California; USA, Arizona, Phoenix DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2003.09.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model integration for assessing future hydroclimate impacts on water resources, agricultural production and environmental quality in the San Joaquin Basin, California AN - 16169357; 5793311 AB - The US National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change provides compelling arguments for action and adaptive measures to help mitigate water resource, agricultural production and environmental quality impacts of future climate change. National resource planning at this scale can benefit by the development of integrated impact analysis toolboxes that allow linkage and integration of hydroclimate models, surface and groundwater hydrologic models, economic and environmental impact models and techniques for social impact assessment. Simulation models used in an assessment of climate change impacts on water resources, agriculture and environmental quality in the San Joaquin Basin of California are described in this paper as well as the challenges faced in linking the component models within an impacts assessment toolbox. Results from simulations performed with several of the tools in the impacts assessment toolbox are presented and discussed. After initially attempting model integration with the public domain, GIS-based modeling framework Modular Modeling System/Object User Interface (MMS/OUI), frustration with the framework's lack of flexibility to handle monthly timestep models prompted development of a common geodatabase to allow linkage of model input and output for the linked simulation models. A GIS-based data browser was also developed that works with both network flow models and makes calls to a model post-processor that shows model output for each selected node in each model network. This data and output browser system is flexible and can readily accommodate future changes in the model network configuration and in the model database. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Quinn, NWT AU - Brekke, L D AU - Miller, N L AU - Heinzer, T AU - Hidalgo, H AU - Dracup, JA AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, nwquinn@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 305 EP - 316 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Human Population; Pollution Abstracts KW - Climate change KW - Water resources KW - Modeling KW - Impact assessment KW - Environmental Effects KW - USA, California, San Joaquin Basin KW - Environmental Quality KW - Climatic changes KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Agricultural productivity KW - Potential resources KW - Economics KW - Hydroclimate KW - Hydrology KW - Environmental impact KW - Social Impact KW - Databases KW - Environmental quality KW - Geographic information systems KW - Groundwater KW - Resource development KW - Water Resources KW - Agriculture KW - Development projects KW - Models KW - Computer programs KW - Assessments KW - Planning KW - Ground water KW - Climatic Changes KW - Climatic change influences on water resources KW - Hydrologic models KW - Simulation KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - M3 1130:Water KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - M1 350:Monitoring and Quantitating Anthropogenic Processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16169357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=Model+integration+for+assessing+future+hydroclimate+impacts+on+water+resources%2C+agricultural+production+and+environmental+quality+in+the+San+Joaquin+Basin%2C+California&rft.au=Quinn%2C+NWT%3BBrekke%2C+L+D%3BMiller%2C+N+L%3BHeinzer%2C+T%3BHidalgo%2C+H%3BDracup%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Quinn&rft.aufirst=NWT&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1364-8152%2803%2900155-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Development projects; Potential resources; Hydroclimate; Climatic changes; Environmental impact; Water resources; Resource development; Databases; Computer programs; Economics; Ground water; Hydrology; Environmental quality; Geographic information systems; Models; Agricultural productivity; Climatic change influences on water resources; Hydrologic models; Simulation; Environmental Effects; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Environmental Quality; Planning; Climatic Changes; Groundwater; Social Impact; Water Resources; USA, California, San Joaquin Basin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1364-8152(03)00155-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using an Escherichia coli cell-free extract to screen for soluble expression of recombinant proteins AN - 1034811877; 17027093 AB - For structural and functional genomics programs, new high-throughput methods to characterize well-expressing and highly soluble proteins are essential. A faster and more convenient approach to screen expression conditions of recombinant proteins compared to classical in vivo systems is the Escherichia coli cell-free expression system. Here, we describe a rapid procedure to screen for expression and solubility of recombinant proteins using an E. coli cell-free extract. The results presented cover 24 open reading frames of unknown function from different micro-organisms. In order to screen different variables that may interfere with solubility, we expressed the recombinant proteins with a histidine sub(6) tag, either N-terminal or C-terminal at two temperatures (25 degree and 30 degree ). The identification of recombinant proteins is performed by the dot blot procedure using an anti-histidine tag antibody. We designed a rapid method that allows the characterization of soluble candidates from a large number of genes or from a large number of variants that is highly compatible with structural genomics expectations. Abbreviations IPTG - isopropyl beta -d-1 thiogalactopyranoside; Mr - molecular mass; ORF - open reading frame; PCR - polymerase chain reaction; TBST - Tris-buffered saline Tween; Tris - tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Busso, Didier AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Kim, Sung-Hou AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-5230, USA, r_kim@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 69 EP - 74 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 5 IS - 1-2 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Antibodies KW - Open reading frames KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Solubility KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Temperature effects KW - genomics KW - Escherichia coli KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034811877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=Using+an+Escherichia+coli+cell-free+extract+to+screen+for+soluble+expression+of+recombinant+proteins&rft.au=Busso%2C+Didier%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BKim%2C+Sung-Hou&rft.aulast=Busso&rft.aufirst=Didier&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AJSFG.0000029197.44728.c5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Antibodies; Solubility; Structure-function relationships; Polymerase chain reaction; genomics; Open reading frames; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JSFG.0000029197.44728.c5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An automated small-scale protein expression and purification screening provides beneficial information for protein production AN - 1034811834; 17027091 AB - One of the first key steps in structural genomics is high-throughput expression and rapid screening to select highly soluble proteins, the preferred candidates for crystal production. Here we describe the methodology used at the Berkeley Structural Genomics Center (BSGC) for automated parallel expression and small-scale purification of fusion proteins using a 96-well format. Our robotic method includes cell lysis, soluble fraction separation and purification with affinity resins. For detection of His-tagged proteins in the soluble fractions and after affinity resin elution, a dot-blot procedure with an anti-His-antibody is used. The expression level and molecular mass of recombinant proteins are checked by SDS-PAGE. With this approach, we are able to obtain beneficial information to be used for large-scale protein expression and purification. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Nguyen, Henry AU - Martinez, Bruno AU - Oganesyan, Natalia AU - Kim, Rosalind AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, R_Kim@LBL.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 23 EP - 27 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 5 IS - 1-2 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Crystals KW - Fusion protein KW - Resins KW - Structure-function relationships KW - genomics KW - protein purification KW - robotics KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034811834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=An+automated+small-scale+protein+expression+and+purification+screening+provides+beneficial+information+for+protein+production&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Henry%3BMartinez%2C+Bruno%3BOganesyan%2C+Natalia%3BKim%2C+Rosalind&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AJSFG.0000029195.73810.86 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-10 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resins; Structure-function relationships; robotics; Fusion protein; Crystals; genomics; protein purification DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JSFG.0000029195.73810.86 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-dimensional optical spectroscopy: two-color photon echoes of electronically coupled phthalocyanine dimers. AN - 66733244; 15268397 AB - Two-color photon echo peak shift spectroscopy was used to study electronic coupling in a phthalocyanine homodimer. Two optical parametric amplifiers were used to produce pulses to excite the split lower states of LuPc2-. The existence of a two-color peak shift indicates the existence of correlation between these two dipole-allowed states. The nature of this correlation is discussed based on theoretical predictions of the interactions between exciton and charge resonance states. JF - The Journal of chemical physics AU - Prall, Bradley S AU - Parkinson, Dilworth Y AU - Fleming, Graham R AU - Yang, Mino AU - Ishikawa, Naoto AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/02/08/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Feb 08 SP - 2537 EP - 2540 VL - 120 IS - 6 SN - 0021-9606, 0021-9606 KW - Indoles KW - 0 KW - phthalocyanine KW - V5PUF4VLGY KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Electrochemistry -- methods KW - Computer Simulation KW - Dimerization KW - Light KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence -- methods KW - Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton -- methods KW - Models, Chemical KW - Indoles -- radiation effects KW - Indoles -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66733244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+chemical+physics&rft.atitle=Two-dimensional+optical+spectroscopy%3A+two-color+photon+echoes+of+electronically+coupled+phthalocyanine+dimers.&rft.au=Prall%2C+Bradley+S%3BParkinson%2C+Dilworth+Y%3BFleming%2C+Graham+R%3BYang%2C+Mino%3BIshikawa%2C+Naoto&rft.aulast=Prall&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2004-02-08&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+chemical+physics&rft.issn=00219606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-02 N1 - Date created - 2004-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formaldehyde as a basis for residential ventilation rates. AN - 80135805; 14756840 AB - Traditionally, houses in the US have been ventilated by passive infiltration in combination with active window opening. However in recent years, the construction quality of residential building envelopes has been improved to reduce infiltration, and the use of windows for ventilation also may have decreased due to a number of factors. Thus, there has been increased interest in engineered ventilation systems for residences. The amount of ventilation provided by an engineered system should be set to protect occupants from unhealthy or objectionable exposures to indoor pollutants, while minimizing energy costs for conditioning incoming air. Determining the correct ventilation rate is a complex task, as there are numerous pollutants of potential concern, each having poorly characterized emission rates, and poorly defined acceptable levels of exposure. One ubiquitous pollutant in residences is formaldehyde. The sources of formaldehyde in new houses are reasonably understood, and there is a large body of literature on human health effects. This report examines the use of formaldehyde as a means of determining ventilation rates and uses existing data on emission rates of formaldehyde in new houses to derive recommended levels. Based on current, widely accepted concentration guidelines for formaldehyde, the minimum and guideline ventilation rates for most new houses are 0.28 and 0.5 air changes per hour, respectively. JF - Indoor air AU - Sherman, M H AU - Hodgson, A T AD - Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. mhsherman@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 2 EP - 8 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Formaldehyde KW - 1HG84L3525 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ventilation KW - Humans KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Air Movements KW - Formaldehyde -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollutants -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80135805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Formaldehyde+as+a+basis+for+residential+ventilation+rates.&rft.au=Sherman%2C+M+H%3BHodgson%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2004-02-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient crosswell EM tomography using localized nonlinear approximation AN - 51817935; 2004-060944 AB - This paper presents a fast and stable imaging scheme using the localized nonlinear (LN) approximation of integral equation (IE) solutions for inverting electromagnetic data obtained in a crosswell survey. The medium is assumed to be cylindrically symmetric about a source borehole, and to maintain the symmetry a vertical magnetic dipole is used as a source. To find an optimum balance between data fitting and smoothness constraint, we introduce an automatic selection scheme for a Lagrange multiplier, which is sought at each iteration with a least misfit criterion. In this selection scheme, the IE algorithm is quite attractive for saving computing time because Green's functions, whose calculation is a most time-consuming part in IE methods, are repeatedly re-usable throughout the inversion process. The inversion scheme using the LN approximation has been tested to show its stability and efficiency, using both synthetic and field data. The inverted image derived from the field data, collected in a pilot experiment of water-flood monitoring in an oil field, is successfully compared with that derived by a 2.5-dimensional inversion scheme. JF - Exploration Geophysics (Melbourne) AU - Kim, Hee Joon AU - Song, Yoonho AU - Lee, Ki Ha AU - Wilt, Michael J A2 - Cull, James P. A2 - Ushijima, Keisuke A2 - Kim, Hee Joon Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 51 EP - 55 PB - Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Alderley, Queensl. VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0812-3985, 0812-3985 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - finite difference analysis KW - crosshole methods KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - inverse problem KW - Green function KW - equations KW - oil and gas fields KW - localized nonlinear approximation KW - California KW - Kern County California KW - conductivity KW - electromagnetic methods KW - electromagnetic field KW - algorithms KW - Lost Hills Field KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51817935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Exploration+Geophysics+%28Melbourne%29&rft.atitle=Efficient+crosswell+EM+tomography+using+localized+nonlinear+approximation&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hee+Joon%3BSong%2C+Yoonho%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha%3BWilt%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Hee&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Exploration+Geophysics+%28Melbourne%29&rft.issn=08123985&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.publish.csiro.au/nid/225/issue/4095.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - Queensl. N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag. N1 - SuppNotes - Butsuri-Tansa Geophysical exploration, Vol. 57, No. 1 and Mulli-Tamsa (Geophysical exploration), Vol. 7, No. 1 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASEGBV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; California; conductivity; crosshole methods; data processing; electromagnetic field; electromagnetic methods; equations; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; Green function; inverse problem; Kern County California; localized nonlinear approximation; Lost Hills Field; oil and gas fields; tomography; United States; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-aqueous phase liquid spreading during soil vapor extraction AN - 51151354; 2004-052953 AB - Many non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) are expected to spread at the air-water interface, particularly under non-equilibrium conditions. In the vadose zone, this spreading should increase the surface area for mass transfer and the efficiency of volatile NAPL recovery by soil vapor extraction (SVE). Observations of spreading on water wet surfaces led to a conceptual model of oil spreading vertically above a NAPL pool in the vadose zone. Analysis of this model predicts that spreading can enhance the SVE contaminant recovery compared to conditions where the liquid does not spread. Experiments were conducted with spreading volatile oils hexane and heptane in wet porous media and capillary tubes, where spreading was observed at the scale of centimeters. Within porous medium columns up to a meter in height containing stagnant gas, spreading was less than ten centimeters and did not contribute significantly to hexane volatilization. Water film thinning and oil film pinning may have prevented significant oil film spreading, and thus did not enhance SVE at the scale of a meter. The experiments performed indicate that volatile oil spreading at the field scale is unlikely to contribute significantly to the efficiency of SVE. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Hunt, James R Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 143 EP - 164 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 68 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - air-water interface KW - pollutants KW - soil vapor extraction KW - grain size KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - capillarity KW - preferential flow KW - equilibrium KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - water table KW - volatiles KW - transport KW - saturation KW - theoretical models KW - mobility KW - boundary layer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51151354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Non-aqueous+phase+liquid+spreading+during+soil+vapor+extraction&rft.au=Kneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BHunt%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Kneafsey&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2803%2900147-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-water interface; boundary layer; capillarity; concentration; equilibrium; experimental studies; grain size; ground water; mobility; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; prediction; preferential flow; remediation; saturation; soil vapor extraction; theoretical models; transport; unsaturated zone; volatiles; water table DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00147-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of competitive cation exchange on chromatographic displacement of cesium in the vadose zone beneath the Hanford S/SX tank farm AN - 51127255; 2005-061711 AB - Migration of radionuclides under the SX-tank farm at the Hanford nuclear waste complex involves interaction of variably water saturated sediments with concentrated NaOH-NaNO (sub 3) -NaNO (sub 2) solutions that have leaked from the tanks. Constant Kd models for describing radionuclide retardation are not valid under these conditions because of strong competition for sorption sites by abundant Na+ ions, and because of dramatically changing solution compositions with time as the highly concentrated tank fluid becomes diluted as it mixes with infiltrating rainwater. A mechanistic multicomponent sorption model is required that can account for effects of competition and spatially and temporally variable solution compositions. To investigate the influence of the high ionic strength tank fluids on Cs (super +) migration, numerical calculations are performed using the multiphase-multicomponent reactive transport code FLOTRAN. The computer model describes reactive transport in nonisothermal, variably saturated porous media including both liquid and gas phases. Pitzer activity coefficient corrections are used to describe the high ionic strength solutions. The calculations take into account multicomponent cation exchange based on measured selectivity coefficients specific to the Hanford sediments. Solution composition data obtained from Well 299-W23-19, documenting a moderately concentrated leak from the SX-115 tank, are used to calibrate the model. In addition to exchange of cations Na (super +) , K (super +) , Ca (super 2+) , and Cs (super +) , aqueous complexing and a kinetic description of precipitation and dissolution of calcite are also included in the calculations. The fitted infiltration rate of 0.08 m yr-1, and fitted cation exchange capacity of 0.05 mol kg-1 are consistent with measured values for the Hanford sediments. A sensitivity analysis is performed for Na (super +) concentrations ranging from 5 to 20 m to investigate the mobility of Cs (super +) interacting with a highly concentrated background electrolyte solution believed to have been released from the SX-108/SX-109 tanks. The calculations indicate that during the initial period of the tank leak when Cs (super +) is associated with high Na (super +) concentrations, there is little retardation of the Cs (super +) plume. However, as time increases the Na (super +) and Cs (super +) profiles become chromatographically separated due to differences in their selectivity coefficients and dilution of the tank leak plume with infiltrating rainwater. Eventually the two species become separated spatially, and Cs (super +) becomes highly retarded and remains essentially fixed in the sediments by cation exchange. For the 20 m Na (super +) simulated tank leak, the sorbed Cs (super +) profile is in close agreement with data obtained from the slant borehole and consistent with the estimated tank supernatant concentration. The simulations suggest that natural attenuation processes should result in strong fixation of Cs (super +) in the vadose zone in spite of the release of high Na (super +) concentrations during a tank leak event. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Lichtner, Peter C AU - Yabusaki, Steve AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Steefel, Carl I Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 203 EP - 219 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - calcium KW - isotopes KW - one-dimensional models KW - complexing KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - absorption KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - cesium KW - digital simulation KW - sediments KW - natural attenuation KW - water pollution KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - two-phase models KW - cation exchange capacity KW - three-dimensional models KW - FLOTRAN KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - equations KW - sodium KW - two-dimensional models KW - Cs-137 KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - potassium KW - multiphase flow KW - Columbia Plateau KW - mobilization KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51127255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Role+of+competitive+cation+exchange+on+chromatographic+displacement+of+cesium+in+the+vadose+zone+beneath+the+Hanford+S%2FSX+tank+farm&rft.au=Lichtner%2C+Peter+C%3BYabusaki%2C+Steve%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I&rft.aulast=Lichtner&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix; accessed on January 4, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; calcium; cation exchange capacity; cesium; chemical reactions; Columbia Plateau; complexing; Cs-137; data processing; digital simulation; equations; FLOTRAN; Hanford Site; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; mobilization; multiphase flow; natural attenuation; one-dimensional models; pollution; potassium; radioactive isotopes; sediments; sodium; soil pollution; soils; solute transport; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models; two-phase models; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of electroseismic experimental methods AN - 50884300; 2005-044608 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Haines, Seth S AU - Pride, Steven R AU - Klemperer, Simon L AU - Biondi, Biondo L AU - Allred, Barry Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 1490 EP - 1503 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2004 KW - imagery KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - elastic waves KW - harmonics KW - seismic methods KW - interfaces KW - signal-to-noise ratio KW - applications KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50884300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Development+of+electroseismic+experimental+methods&rft.au=Haines%2C+Seth+S%3BPride%2C+Steven+R%3BKlemperer%2C+Simon+L%3BBiondi%2C+Biondo+L%3BAllred%2C+Barry&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=2004&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1490&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; applications; elastic waves; electrical methods; geophysical methods; harmonics; imagery; interfaces; mathematical models; porous materials; seismic methods; seismic waves; signal-to-noise ratio ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating infiltration tests in fractured basalt at the Box Canyon site, Idaho AN - 50290258; 2005-061699 AB - The results of a series of ponded infiltration tests in variably saturated fractured basalt at Box Canyon, Idaho were used to build confidence in conceptual and numerical modeling approaches used to simulate infiltration in fractured rock. Specifically, we constructed a dual-permeability model using TOUGH2 to represent both the matrix and fracture continua of the upper basalt flow at the Box Canyon Site. A consistent set of hydrogeological parameters was obtained by calibrating the model to infiltration front arrival times in the fracture continuum as inferred from Br (super -) samples collected from fracture-borehole intersections observed during the infiltrating tests. These parameters included the permeability of the fracture and matrix continua, the interfacial area between the fracture and matrix continua, and the porosity of the fracture continuum. To calibrate the model, we multiplied the fracture-matrix interfacial area by a factor between 0.1 and 0.01 to reduce imbibition of water from the fracture continuum into the matrix continuum during the infiltration tests. Furthermore, the porosity of the fracture continuum, as calculated using the fracture aperture inferred from pneumatic-test permeabilities, was increased by a factor of 50 yielding porosity values for the upper basalt flow in the range of 0.01 to 0.02. The fracture-continuum porosity was a highly sensitive parameter controlling the arrival times of the simulated infiltration fronts. Porosity values are consistent with those determined during the Large-Scale Aquifer Pumping and Infiltration Test at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Unger, Andre J A AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Simmons, Ardyth M AU - Lenhard, Robert J AU - Yonk, Alan K AU - Wright, Phillip M AU - Herzog, James D Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 75 EP - 89 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - volcanic rocks KW - one-dimensional models KW - igneous rocks KW - Box Canyon Site KW - halogens KW - eastern Snake River plain KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - bromide ion KW - preferential flow KW - fracturing KW - TDR data KW - ground water KW - hydrologic cycle KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - Butte County Idaho KW - basalts KW - lysimeters KW - hydrology KW - Idaho KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - rates KW - resistivity KW - bromine KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - infiltration KW - Snake River plain KW - permeability KW - Big Lost River KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50290258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Simulating+infiltration+tests+in+fractured+basalt+at+the+Box+Canyon+site%2C+Idaho&rft.au=Unger%2C+Andre+J+A%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BSimmons%2C+Ardyth+M%3BLenhard%2C+Robert+J%3BYonk%2C+Alan+K%3BWright%2C+Phillip+M%3BHerzog%2C+James+D&rft.aulast=Unger&rft.aufirst=Andre+J&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 3, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basalts; Big Lost River; Box Canyon Site; bromide ion; bromine; Butte County Idaho; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; eastern Snake River plain; experimental studies; field studies; fracturing; ground water; halogens; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; Idaho; igneous rocks; infiltration; lysimeters; monitoring; movement; numerical models; one-dimensional models; permeability; preferential flow; rates; resistivity; Snake River plain; TDR data; three-dimensional models; TOUGH2; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy effects of heat-island reduction strategies in Toronto, Canada AN - 20436252; 5785595 AB - The effect of heat-island reduction (HIR) strategies on annual energy savings and peak-power avoidance of the building sector of the Greater Toronto Area is calculated, using an hourly building energy simulation model. Results show that ratepayers could realize potential annual energy savings of over $11M from the effects of HIR strategies. The residential sector accounts for over half (59%) of the total savings, offices 13% and retail stores 28%. Savings from cool roofs are about 20%, shade trees 30%, wind shielding of trees 37%, and ambient cooling by trees and reflective surfaces 12%. These results are preliminary and highly sensitive to the relative price of gas and electricity. Potential annual electrticity savings are estimated at about 150 GWh and potential peak power avoidance at 250 MW. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Akbari, H AU - Konopacki, S AD - Heat Island Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, h_akbari@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 SP - 191 EP - 210 PB - Pergamon Press Ltd VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Canada KW - Trees KW - Energy conservation KW - Simulation KW - Urban heat islands KW - Canada, Ontario, Toronto KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20436252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Energy+effects+of+heat-island+reduction+strategies+in+Toronto%2C+Canada&rft.au=Akbari%2C+H%3BKonopacki%2C+S&rft.aulast=Akbari&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2003.09.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trees; Energy conservation; Simulation; Urban heat islands; Canada; Canada, Ontario, Toronto DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2003.09.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and Diversity in Bacterial Chemotaxis: A Comparative Study in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis AN - 19259990; 5831793 AB - Comparable processes in different species often involve homologous genes. One question is whether the network structure, in particular the feedback control structure, is also conserved. The bacterial chemotaxis pathways in E. coli and B. subtilis both regulate the same task, namely, excitation and adaptation to environmental signals. Both pathways employ many orthologous genes. Yet how these orthologs contribute to network function in each organism is different. To investigate this problem, we propose what is to our knowledge the first computational model for B. subtilis chemotaxis and compare it to previously published models for chemotaxis in E. coli. The models reveal that the core control strategy for signal processing is the same in both organisms, though in B. subtilis there are two additional feedback loops that provide an additional layer of regulation and robustness. Furthermore, the network structures are different despite the similarity of the proteins in each organism. These results demonstrate the limitations of pathway inferences based solely on homology and suggest that the control strategy is an evolutionarily conserved property. JF - PLoS Biology AU - Rao, C V AU - Kirby, J R AU - Arkin AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America, aparkin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 PB - Public Library of Science, 185 Berry Street Suite 1300 San Francisco CA 94107 USA, [mailto:plos@plos.org], [URL:http://www.plos.org] VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1544-9173, 1544-9173 KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - Bacillus subtilis KW - Escherichia coli KW - Chemotaxis KW - Evolution KW - Models KW - Signal transduction KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility KW - R 18007:Chemotaxis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19259990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+Biology&rft.atitle=Design+and+Diversity+in+Bacterial+Chemotaxis%3A+A+Comparative+Study+in+Escherichia+coli+and+Bacillus+subtilis&rft.au=Rao%2C+C+V%3BKirby%2C+J+R%3BArkin&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PLoS+Biology&rft.issn=15449173&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0020049 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Bacillus subtilis; Signal transduction; Evolution; Chemotaxis; Bacteria; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020049 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical evolution of highly alkaline and saline tank waste plumes during seepage through vadose zone sediments AN - 16166201; 5810101 AB - Leakage of highly saline and alkaline radioactive waste from storage tanks into underlying sediments is a serious environmental problem at the Hanford Site in Washington State. This study focuses on geochemical evolution of tank waste plumes resulting from interactions between the waste solution and sediment. A synthetic tank waste solution was infused into unsaturated Hanford sediment columns (0.2, 0.6, and 2 m) maintained at 70C to simulate the field contamination process. Spatially and temporally resolved geochemical profiles of the waste plume were obtained. Thorough OH super(-) neutralization (from an initial pH 14 down to 6.3) was observed. Three broad zones of pore solutions were identified to categorize the dominant geochemical reactions: the silicate dissolution zone (pH > 10), pH-neutralized zone (pH 10 to 6.5), and displaced native sediment pore water (pH 6.5 to 8). Elevated concentrations of Si, Fe, and K in plume fluids and their depleted concentrations in plume sediments reflected dissolution of primary minerals within the silicate dissolution zone. The very high Na concentrations in the waste solution resulted in rapid and complete cation exchange, reflected in high concentrations of Ca and Mg at the plume front. The plume-sediment profiles also showed deposition of hydrated solids and carbonates. Fair correspondence was obtained between these results and analyses of field borehole samples from a waste plume at the Hanford Site. Results of this study provide a well-defined framework for understanding waste plumes in the more complex field setting and for understanding geochemical factors controlling transport of contaminant species carried in waste solutions that leaked from single-shell storage tanks in the past. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Wan, J AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Larsen, J T AU - Serne, R J AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, jwan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 SP - 491 EP - 502 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 69 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Vadose zone KW - Silicates KW - USA, Washington KW - Storage Tanks KW - Salinity KW - Storage tanks KW - Alkalinity KW - Tanks KW - Seepages KW - Vadose Water KW - Plumes KW - Sediment pollution KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Leakage KW - Underground Storage KW - Geochemistry KW - Wastes KW - Radioactive wastes KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Underground storage tanks KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 09187:Geochemistry of sediments KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16166201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Geochemical+evolution+of+highly+alkaline+and+saline+tank+waste+plumes+during+seepage+through+vadose+zone+sediments&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BLarsen%2C+J+T%3BSerne%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900482-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment chemistry; Sediment pollution; Storage tanks; Pollution dispersion; Radioactive wastes; Wastes; Tanks; Seepages; Silicates; Salinity; Underground storage tanks; Leakage; Alkalinity; Geochemistry; Vadose zone; Plumes; Hazardous wastes; Storage Tanks; Path of Pollutants; Underground Storage; Vadose Water; USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00482-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of molecular interactions at membrane surfaces through colloid phase transitions. AN - 80085779; 14712272 AB - The molecular architecture of-and biochemical processes within--cell membranes play important roles in all living organisms, with many drugs and infectious disease agents targeting membranes. Experimental studies of biochemical reactions on membrane surfaces are challenging, as they require a membrane environment that is fluid (like cell membranes) but nevertheless allows for the efficient detection and characterization of molecular interactions. One approach uses lipid membranes supported on solid substrates such as silica or polymers: although the membrane is trapped near the solid interface, it retains natural fluidity and biological functionality and can be implanted with membrane proteins for functional studies. But the detection of molecular interactions involving membrane-bound species generally requires elaborate techniques, such as surface plasmon resonance or total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Here we demonstrate that colloidal phase transitions of membrane-coated silica beads provide a simple and label-free method for monitoring molecular interactions on lipid membrane surfaces. By adjusting the lipid membrane composition and hence the pair interaction potential between the membrane-supporting silica beads, we poise our system near a phase transition so that small perturbations on the membrane surface induce dramatic changes in the macroscopic organization of the colloid. We expect that this approach, used here to probe with high sensitivity protein binding events at membrane surfaces, can be applied to study a broad range of cell membrane processes. JF - Nature AU - Baksh, Michael M AU - Jaros, Michal AU - Groves, Jay T AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/01/08/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jan 08 SP - 139 EP - 141 VL - 427 IS - 6970 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Colloids KW - Gangliosides KW - Ligands KW - Lipid Bilayers KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Tetanus Toxin KW - G(M1) Ganglioside KW - 37758-47-7 KW - trisialoganglioside GT1 KW - 59247-13-1 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Colloids -- chemistry KW - Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Binding KW - Microspheres KW - Antibodies -- metabolism KW - Tetanus Toxin -- metabolism KW - Diffusion KW - G(M1) Ganglioside -- metabolism KW - Membrane Fluidity KW - Cholera Toxin -- metabolism KW - Gangliosides -- metabolism KW - Lipid Bilayers -- chemistry KW - Lipid Bilayers -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80085779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Detection+of+molecular+interactions+at+membrane+surfaces+through+colloid+phase+transitions.&rft.au=Baksh%2C+Michael+M%3BJaros%2C+Michal%3BGroves%2C+Jay+T&rft.aulast=Baksh&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-01-08&rft.volume=427&rft.issue=6970&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-16 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Nature. 2004 Jan 8;427(6970):105-6 [14712256] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal Structures of the Rhodococcus Proteasome with and without its Pro-peptides: Implications for the Role of the Pro-peptide in Proteasome Assembly AN - 17518550; 5848946 AB - To understand the role of the pro-peptide in proteasome assembly, we have determined structures of the Rhodococcus proteasome and a mutant form that prevents the autocatalytic removal of its pro-peptides. The structures reveal that the pro-peptide acts as an assembly-promoting factor by linking its own beta -subunit to two adjacent alpha -subunits, thereby providing a molecular explanation for the observed kinetics of proteasome assembly. The Rhodococcus proteasome has been found to have a substantially smaller contact region between alpha -subunits compared to those regions in the proteasomes of Thermoplasma, yeast, and mammalian cells, suggesting that a smaller contact area between alpha -subunits is likely the structural basis for the Rhodococcus alpha -subunits not assembling into alpha -rings when expressed alone. Analysis of all available beta -subunit structures shows that the contact area between beta -subunits within a beta -ring is not sufficient for beta -ring self-assembly without the additional contact provided by the alpha -ring. This appears to be a fail-safe mechanism ensuring that the active sites on the beta -subunits are activated only after proteasome assembly is complete. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Kwon, Y D AU - Nagy, I AU - Adams, P D AU - Baumeister, W AU - Jap, B K AD - Graduate Group in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, bkjap@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01/02/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jan 02 SP - 233 EP - 245 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 335 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Molecular structure KW - Biodegradation KW - Bioremediation KW - Assembly KW - Rhodococcus KW - Chemical reactions KW - Crystal structure KW - Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex KW - Active sites KW - Chemical analysis KW - Actinomycetes KW - Biotechnology KW - Q1 08206:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - J 02728:Enzymes KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - Q1 08625:Non-edible products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17518550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Crystal+Structures+of+the+Rhodococcus+Proteasome+with+and+without+its+Pro-peptides%3A+Implications+for+the+Role+of+the+Pro-peptide+in+Proteasome+Assembly&rft.au=Kwon%2C+Y+D%3BNagy%2C+I%3BAdams%2C+P+D%3BBaumeister%2C+W%3BJap%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Kwon&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2004-01-02&rft.volume=335&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2003.08.029 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molecular structure; Bioremediation; Biodegradation; Chemical reactions; Chemical analysis; Biotechnology; Crystal structure; Assembly; Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex; Active sites; Rhodococcus; Actinomycetes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2003.08.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estrogen- and tamoxifen-associated effects on brain structure and function. AN - 80112619; 14741674 AB - We evaluated the effects of estrogen and tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, on positron emission tomography (PET) measures of brain glucose metabolism and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of hippocampal atrophy. Three groups of postmenopausal women were studied, women taking estrogen (ERT+), women with breast cancer taking tamoxifen (TAM), and women not taking estrogen or tamoxifen (ERT-). All subjects received a PET scan, an MRI scan, and cognitive testing. The TAM group showed widespread areas of hypometabolism in the inferior and dorsal lateral frontal lobes relative to the other two groups. The ERT- group showed lower metabolism in the inferior frontal cortex and temporal cortex with respect to the ERT+ group. The TAM group also showed significantly lower semantic memory scores than the other two groups. Finally, the TAM group had smaller right hippocampal volumes than the ERT+ group, an effect that was of borderline significance. Both right and left hippocampal volumes were significantly smaller than the ERT+ group when a single outlier was removed. The ERT- group had hippocampal volumes that were intermediate to the other two groups. These findings provide physiological and anatomical evidence for neuroprotective effects of estrogen. JF - NeuroImage AU - Eberling, Jamie L AU - Wu, Christine AU - Tong-Turnbeaugh, Regina AU - Jagust, William J AD - Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. jleberling@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 364 EP - 371 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1053-8119, 1053-8119 KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal KW - 0 KW - Blood Glucose KW - Tamoxifen KW - 094ZI81Y45 KW - Index Medicus KW - Discrimination Learning -- drug effects KW - Blood Glucose -- metabolism KW - Frontal Lobe -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Verbal Learning -- drug effects KW - Aged KW - Memory, Short-Term -- drug effects KW - Temporal Lobe -- pathology KW - Pattern Recognition, Visual -- drug effects KW - Temporal Lobe -- drug effects KW - Frontal Lobe -- pathology KW - Energy Metabolism -- drug effects KW - Atrophy KW - Middle Aged KW - Attention -- drug effects KW - Neuropsychological Tests KW - Female KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging KW - Estrogen Replacement Therapy KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Tamoxifen -- therapeutic use KW - Cerebral Cortex -- pathology KW - Tamoxifen -- adverse effects KW - Tomography, Emission-Computed KW - Hippocampus -- pathology KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal -- adverse effects KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80112619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NeuroImage&rft.atitle=Estrogen-+and+tamoxifen-associated+effects+on+brain+structure+and+function.&rft.au=Eberling%2C+Jamie+L%3BWu%2C+Christine%3BTong-Turnbeaugh%2C+Regina%3BJagust%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Eberling&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=364&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NeuroImage&rft.issn=10538119&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-26 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air concentrations of VOCs in portable and traditional classrooms: results of a pilot study in Los Angeles County. AN - 80106393; 14726944 AB - Recent state and federal public school class-size reduction initiatives, increased elementary and pre-K enrollment driven by population growth and immigration, and limited resources for capital projects, modernization, and maintenance at aging schools have increased the prevalence of prefabricated, portable classrooms (portables). At present, approximately one of three California students are taught in portables, whose use is especially prevalent in more populated counties such as Los Angeles, home to the nation's second largest school district. Limited data existed on chemical compound air concentrations, and thus exposures, inside American public schools. Measurements have been limited, usually performed in complaint schools, and varied in sampling protocols and analysis methods. To address a school environment and children's health issue of present concern, an assessment of public school portables was conducted in Los Angeles County. Seven schools in two school districts were recruited, from which 20 classrooms--13 portables, seven in main buildings--were randomly selected. We report indoor air concentrations of 21 target toxic and odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, measured with passive samplers (DNSH PAKS and 3M OVM 3500) in the cooling and heating seasons between June 2000 and June 2001. None of the measured indoor air formaldehyde concentrations exceeded the existing California Air Resources Board guideline (50 ppb, or 60 microg/m(3)). The main sources of aldehydes in classrooms, especially portables, were likely interior finish materials and furnishings made of particleboard without lamination. Indoor air VOC concentrations were generally low in this pilot study. The four most prevalent VOCs measured were toluene, m-/p-xylene, alpha-pinene, and delta-limonene; likely indoor sources were personal, teaching, and cleaning products. Future schools research should attempt larger samples over larger geographical areas. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Shendell, Derek G AU - Winer, Arthur M AU - Stock, Thomas H AU - Zhang, Lin AU - Zhang, Junfeng Jim AU - Maberti, Silvia AU - Colome, Steven D AD - Environmental Sciences and Engineering Program, UCLA School of Public Health, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA. dgshendell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 44 EP - 59 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Formaldehyde KW - 1HG84L3525 KW - Acetaldehyde KW - GO1N1ZPR3B KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Temperature KW - Volatilization KW - Air Conditioning KW - Pilot Projects KW - Acetaldehyde -- analysis KW - Formaldehyde -- analysis KW - Los Angeles KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Schools KW - Organic Chemicals -- chemistry KW - Ventilation KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80106393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Air+concentrations+of+VOCs+in+portable+and+traditional+classrooms%3A+results+of+a+pilot+study+in+Los+Angeles+County.&rft.au=Shendell%2C+Derek+G%3BWiner%2C+Arthur+M%3BStock%2C+Thomas+H%3BZhang%2C+Lin%3BZhang%2C+Junfeng+Jim%3BMaberti%2C+Silvia%3BColome%2C+Steven+D&rft.aulast=Shendell&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contribution of locally grown foods in cumulative exposure assessments. AN - 80100202; 14726945 AB - Both laboratory and field studies confirm the importance of vegetation for scavenging semivolatile organic chemicals (SVOCs) from the atmosphere and a number of exposure studies have found that the dietary pathway is often a significant contributor to cumulative exposure for these chemicals. However, little information exists on the atmospheric source-to-dietary intake linkage for SVOCs. Because of higher SVOC emissions to urban regions, this linkage is particularly important for foods that are grown, distributed and consumed in or near urban regions. The food pathway can also contribute to dietary exposure for populations that are remote from a pollutant source if the pollutants can migrate to agricultural regions and subsequently to the agricultural commodities distributed to that population. We use available data, the characteristic travel distance, and the CalTOX multimedia model framework to assess the contribution of local sources of food to cumulative SVOC intake. Based on published concentration data for foods, our exposure calculations indicate that the potential intake through ingestion can be up to 1000 times that of inhalation for certain persistent SVOCs. We use the population-based intake fraction (iF) to determine how SVOC intake can vary among food commodities and exposure pathways, and to determine the contribution of airborne emitted SVOCs to the diet in the Northern Hemisphere. We focus on three representative multimedia SVOCs-benzo(a)pyrene, fluoranthene, and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. The approach presented here provides a useful framework and starting point for source-to-intake assessments for the ambient air-to-dietary exposure pathway. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Lobscheid, Agnes B AU - Maddalena, Randy L AU - McKone, Thomas E AD - Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA. ablobscheid@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 60 EP - 73 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Humans KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Volatilization KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Organic Chemicals -- metabolism KW - Organic Chemicals -- administration & dosage KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Plants, Edible -- chemistry KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- administration & dosage KW - Plants, Edible -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80100202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Contribution+of+locally+grown+foods+in+cumulative+exposure+assessments.&rft.au=Lobscheid%2C+Agnes+B%3BMaddalena%2C+Randy+L%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E&rft.aulast=Lobscheid&rft.aufirst=Agnes&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2004 Sep;14(5):424-6 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding seismic stimulation using lab, theory, and field studies AN - 762676342; 2010-091504 JF - Abstracts - AAPG Meeting, Pacific Section, SEPM & SEG AU - Majer, E L AU - Daley, T M AU - Lo, W C AU - Roberts, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Pacific Section and Society for Sedimentary Geology and Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2004 KW - United States KW - technology KW - well stimulation KW - geophysical methods KW - enhanced recovery KW - elastic waves KW - seismic sources KW - production KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - California KW - oil wells KW - Kern County California KW - economics KW - seismic waves KW - Lost Hills Field KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762676342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Meeting%2C+Pacific+Section%2C+SEPM+%26+SEG&rft.atitle=Understanding+seismic+stimulation+using+lab%2C+theory%2C+and+field+studies&rft.au=Majer%2C+E+L%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BLo%2C+W+C%3BRoberts%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Majer&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=2004&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Meeting%2C+Pacific+Section%2C+SEPM+%26+SEG&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/documents/abstracts/2004pacific/majer.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Pacific Section AAPG, SEPM, & SEG N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on July 11, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06712 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; economics; elastic waves; enhanced recovery; geophysical methods; Kern County California; Lost Hills Field; oil and gas fields; oil wells; production; seismic methods; seismic sources; seismic waves; technology; United States; well stimulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural insights by molecular dynamics simulations into specificity of the major human AP endonuclease toward the benzene-derived DNA adduct, pBQ-C. AN - 71958045; 15155853 AB - The benzetheno exocyclic adduct of the cytosine (C) base (pBQ-C) is a product of reaction between DNA and a stable metabolite of the human carcinogen benzene, p-benzoquinone (pBQ). We reported previously that the pBQ-C-containing duplex is a substrate for the human AP endonuclease (APE1), an enzyme that cleaves an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site from double stranded DNA. In this work, using molecular dynamics simulation (MD), we provided a structural explanation for the recognition of the pBQ-C adduct by APE1. Molecular modeling of the DNA duplex containing pBQ-C revealed significant displacement of this adduct toward the major groove with pronounced kinking of the DNA at the lesion site, which could serve as a structural element recognized by the APE1 enzyme. Using 3 ns MD it was shown that the position of the pBQ-C adduct is stabilized by two hydrogen bonds formed between the adduct and the active site amino acids Asp 189 and Ala 175. The pBQ-C/APE1 complex, generated by MD, has a similar hydrogen bond network between target phosphodiester bond at the pBQ-C site and key amino acids at the active site, as in the crystallographically determined APE1 complexed with an AP site-containing DNA duplex. The position of the adduct at the enzyme active site, together with the hydrogen bond network, suggests a similar reaction mechanism for phosphodiester bond cleavage of oligonucleotide containing pBQ-C as reported for the AP site. JF - Nucleic acids research AU - Guliaev, Anton B AU - Hang, Bo AU - Singer, B AD - Donner Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 2844 EP - 2852 VL - 32 IS - 9 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - pBQ-dC adduct KW - APEX1 protein, human KW - EC 4.2.99.18 KW - DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Nucleic Acid Conformation KW - Binding Sites KW - DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase -- metabolism KW - Models, Molecular KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71958045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.atitle=Structural+insights+by+molecular+dynamics+simulations+into+specificity+of+the+major+human+AP+endonuclease+toward+the+benzene-derived+DNA+adduct%2C+pBQ-C.&rft.au=Guliaev%2C+Anton+B%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BSinger%2C+B&rft.aulast=Guliaev&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2844&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.issn=1362-4962&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-07-16 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Br J Cancer Suppl. 1996 Jul;27:S145-50 [8763868] J Appl Toxicol. 1990 Feb;10(1):47-54 [2335711] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 26;93(24):13737-41 [8943004] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Dec;104 Suppl 6:1129-36 [9118882] J Biol Chem. 1997 Jan 10;272(2):1302-7 [8995436] Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Jun 15;25(12):2495-500 [9171104] Biochemistry. 1997 Dec 9;36(49):15411-8 [9398271] EMBO J. 1997 Nov 3;16(21):6548-58 [9351835] Cancer Res. 1998 Jan 15;58(2):222-5 [9443396] Chem Res Toxicol. 1998 Apr;11(4):329-34 [9548803] Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Jun 1;26(11):2771-8 [9592167] Carcinogenesis. 1998 Aug;19(8):1339-43 [9744526] Nature. 2000 Jan 27;403(6768):451-6 [10667800] J Mol Biol. 2000 Feb 25;296(3):851-61 [10677286] Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2000 Apr;10(2):182-96 [10753816] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jul 1;28(13):2613-26 [10871413] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jun 1;28(11):2207-13 [10871340] Carcinogenesis. 2000 Sep;21(9):1727-36 [10964105] Mutat Res. 2000 Oct 16;461(2):83-108 [11018583] Acc Chem Res. 2000 Dec;33(12):889-97 [11123888] J Mol Biol. 2001 Apr 6;307(4):1023-34 [11286553] Mutat Res. 2001 May 10;485(4):283-307 [11585362] Biopolymers. 2000-2001;56(4):232-56 [11754338] Biochemistry. 2002 Feb 19;41(7):2158-65 [11841206] Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Sep 1;30(17):3778-87 [12202763] Biopolymers. 2003 Jan;68(1):3-15 [12579576] Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Nov 1;31(21):6344-53 [14576322] J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Dec 17;125(50):15671-82 [14664617] Nucleic Acids Res. 2004;32(1):73-81 [14704345] Biochemistry. 1972 Sep 12;11(19):3610-8 [4626532] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Sep;11(9):1469-72 [2205405] Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Oct 25;19(20):5519-23 [1719477] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Dec 15;88(24):11450-4 [1722334] Chem Res Toxicol. 1991 Mar-Apr;4(2):199-202 [1782348] Nucleic Acids Res. 1992 May 25;20(10):2573-80 [1375993] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Jul 15;1131(3):287-99 [1627644] EMBO J. 1992 Sep;11(9):3323-35 [1380454] Nature. 1993 Apr 22;362(6422):709-15 [8469282] Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Sep;13(9):5370-6 [8355688] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 4;91(1):23-7 [7506414] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):410-2 [8119250] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Mar;102(3):276-81 [8033866] Annu Rev Biochem. 1994;63:915-48 [7979257] Nucleic Acids Res. 1995 May 11;23(9):1544-50 [7784208] Mutat Res. 1995 Jun;347(1):37-43 [7596366] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jun 20;92(13):5890-4 [7597048] J Biol Chem. 1995 Jul 7;270(27):16002-7 [7608159] Nat Struct Biol. 1995 Jul;2(7):561-8 [7664124] Biochemistry. 1973 Dec 4;12(25):5151-4 [4600811] J Toxicol Environ Health Suppl. 1977;2:69-105 [342717] J Biol Chem. 1981 Apr 10;256(7):3405-14 [6259165] Adv Exp Med Biol. 1986;197:825-32 [3766294] Annu Rev Genet. 1986;20:201-30 [3545059] Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1989 Jun;8(1):1-22 [2667783] J Mol Graph. 1996 Feb;14(1):33-8, 27-8 [8744570] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling transport and deposition of contaminants to ecosystems of concern: a case study for the Laurentian Great Lakes. AN - 71554614; 14667731 AB - Transfer efficiency (TE) is introduced as a model output that can be used to characterize the relative ability of chemicals to be transported in the environment and deposited to specific target ecosystems. We illustrate this concept by applying the Berkeley-Trent North American contaminant fate model (BETR North America) to identify organic chemicals with properties that result in efficient atmospheric transport and deposition to the Laurentian Great Lakes. By systematically applying the model to hypothetical organic chemicals that span a wide range of environmental partitioning properties, we identify combinations of properties that favor efficient transport and deposition to the Lakes. Five classes of chemicals are identified based on dominant transport and deposition pathways, and specific examples of chemicals in each class are identified and discussed. The role of vegetation in scavenging chemicals from the atmosphere is assessed, and found to have a negligible influence on transfer efficiency to the Great Lakes. Results indicate chemicals with octanol-water (K(ow)) and air-water (K(aw)) partition coefficients in the range of 10(5)-10(7) and 10(-4)-10(-1) combine efficient transport and deposition to the Great Lakes with potential for biaccumulation in the aquatic food web once they are deposited. A method of estimating the time scale for atmospheric transport and deposition process is suggested, and the effects of degrading reactions in the atmosphere and meteorological conditions on transport efficiency of different classes of chemicals are discussed. In total, this approach provides a method of identifying chemicals that are subject to long-range transport and deposition to specific target ecosystems as a result of their partitioning and persistence characteristics. Supported by an appropriate contaminant fate model, the approach can be applied to any target ecosystem of concern. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - MacLeod, Matthew AU - Mackay, Don AD - Department of Environment and Resource Science, Trent University, 1600 Westbank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9L 1Z7. mjmacleod@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 241 EP - 250 VL - 128 IS - 1-2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Plants -- metabolism KW - Food Chain KW - Great Lakes Region KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Ecosystem KW - Fresh Water KW - Water Pollution, Chemical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71554614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+transport+and+deposition+of+contaminants+to+ecosystems+of+concern%3A+a+case+study+for+the+Laurentian+Great+Lakes.&rft.au=MacLeod%2C+Matthew%3BMackay%2C+Don&rft.aulast=MacLeod&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-10 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of the Martian radiation environment experiment. AN - 67271736; 15791732 AB - Space radiation presents a hazard to astronauts, particularly those journeying outside the protective influence of the geomagnetosphere. Crews on future missions to Mars will be exposed to the harsh radiation environment of deep space during the transit between Earth and Mars. Once on Mars, they will encounter radiation that is only slightly reduced, compared to free space, by the thin Martian atmosphere. NASA is obliged to minimize, where possible, the radiation exposures received by astronauts. Thus, as a precursor to eventual human exploration, it is necessary to measure the Martian radiation environment in detail. The MARIE experiment, aboard the 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft, is returning the first data that bear directly on this problem. Here we provide an overview of the experiment, including introductory material on space radiation and radiation dosimetry, a description of the detector, model predictions of the radiation environment at Mars, and preliminary dose-rate data obtained at Mars. JF - Advances in space research : the official journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) AU - Zeitlin, C AU - Cleghorn, T AU - Cucinotta, F AU - Saganti, P AU - Andersen, V AU - Lee, K AU - Pinsky, L AU - Atwell, W AU - Turner, R AU - Badhwar, G AD - National Space Biomedical Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. cjzeitlin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 2204 EP - 2210 VL - 33 IS - 12 SN - 0273-1177, 0273-1177 KW - Protons KW - 0 KW - Space life sciences KW - NASA Discipline Radiation Health KW - unmanned KW - Mars Odyssey Project KW - Flight Experiment KW - NASA Program Biomedical Research and Countermeasures KW - NASA Center JSC KW - long duration KW - Non-NASA Center KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Astronauts KW - Spacecraft -- instrumentation KW - Humans KW - Earth (Planet) KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Risk Assessment KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Space Flight -- instrumentation KW - Solar Activity KW - Cosmic Radiation KW - Mars KW - Radiation Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67271736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+space+research+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Committee+on+Space+Research+%28COSPAR%29&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+Martian+radiation+environment+experiment.&rft.au=Zeitlin%2C+C%3BCleghorn%2C+T%3BCucinotta%2C+F%3BSaganti%2C+P%3BAndersen%2C+V%3BLee%2C+K%3BPinsky%2C+L%3BAtwell%2C+W%3BTurner%2C+R%3BBadhwar%2C+G&rft.aulast=Zeitlin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+space+research+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Committee+on+Space+Research+%28COSPAR%29&rft.issn=02731177&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of predicted and derived measures of volatile organic compounds inside four new relocatable classrooms. AN - 67233223; 15663469 AB - UNLABELLEDOur objective was to develop a process for selecting interior finish materials having low impacts with respect to emissions of toxic and odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for school relocatable classrooms (RCs). A laboratory study identified alternate materials with low VOC emissions. Two pairs of RCs then were constructed. One RC per pair contained standard interior materials; the other incorporated alternate materials. The pairs were sited side-by-side at two California elementary schools in fall 2001. Fifteen target VOCs, including the toxicants formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, vinyl acetate, phenol, toluene, and naphthalene, were measured during school hours over 8 weeks in the succeeding fall cooling season. Indoor minus outdoor VOC concentrations with an advanced HVAC operated were low; only formaldehyde concentrations exceeded 5 p.p.b. Classroom VOC concentrations were predicted based on emission factors (microg/m(2)/h), material quantities and design ventilation rates. These were compared to average adjusted concentrations measured when the occupied classrooms were operating at near the code-minimum ventilation rate. For 16 of the possible 42 comparisons, measured concentrations agreed within a factor of two of predicted the predicted values. Concentrations of six of 10 VOCs were significantly lower in modified RCs though average differences were mostly less than 1 p.p.b.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONSLaboratory-based material testing combined with modeling and field validation to select low VOC-impact interior finish materials helped achieve the aim of providing generally acceptable air quality in new school relocatable classrooms (RCs). The accuracy of the combined process was evidenced by the correct prediction of air quality impacts, though small, due to material VOC emissions when the study RCs were ventilated at code-minimum requirements. The process could be generalized to other manufacturers and classroom types. Material selection also is important to accommodate reduced ventilation rate conditions, which likely occur in many classrooms. JF - Indoor air AU - Hodgson, A T AU - Shendell, D G AU - Fisk, W J AU - Apte, M G AD - Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. athodgson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 135 EP - 144 VL - 14 Suppl 8 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Forecasting KW - Child KW - Materials Testing KW - Odorants KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Schools KW - Construction Materials KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67233223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+predicted+and+derived+measures+of+volatile+organic+compounds+inside+four+new+relocatable+classrooms.&rft.au=Hodgson%2C+A+T%3BShendell%2C+D+G%3BFisk%2C+W+J%3BApte%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Hodgson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=14+Suppl+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ventilation efficiencies and thermal comfort results of a desk-edge-mounted task ventilation system. AN - 67225796; 15663464 AB - UNLABELLEDIn chamber experiments, we investigated the ventilation effectiveness and thermal comfort of a task ventilation system with an air supply nozzle located underneath the front edge of a desk and directing air towards a heated mannequin or a human volunteer seated at the desk. The task ventilation system provided outside air, while another ventilation system provided additional space cooling but no outside air. Test variables included the vertical angle of air supply (-15 degrees to 45 degrees from horizontal), and the supply flow rate of (3.5-6.5 l/s). Using the tracer gas step-up and step-down procedures, the measured air change effectiveness (i.e., exhaust air age divided by age of air in the breathing zone) in experiments with the mannequin ranged from 1.4 to 2.7 (median, 1.8), whereas with human subjects the air change effectiveness ranged from 1.3 to 2.3 (median, 1.6). The majority of the air change effectiveness values with the human subjects were less than values with the mannequin using comparable tests. Similarly, the tests run with supply air temperature equal to the room air temperature had lower air change effectiveness values than comparable tests with the supply air temperature lower ( approximately 5 degrees C) than the room air temperature. The air change effectiveness values are higher than typically reported for commercially-available task ventilation or displacement ventilation systems. Based on surveys completed by the subjects, operation of the task ventilation system did not cause thermal discomfort.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONSWith a desk-edge-mounted task ventilation system it is possible to obtain an increase in the effective ventilation rate of 50%. This could lead to reduced energy use. Also, this improvement can be gained while maintaining thermal comfort for occupants. Thus occupants can be thermally comfortable and save energy at the same time. JF - Indoor air AU - Faulkner, D AU - Fisk, W J AU - Sullivan, D P AU - Lee, S M AD - Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. D_Faulkner@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 92 EP - 97 VL - 14 Suppl 8 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Temperature KW - Data Collection KW - Conservation of Energy Resources KW - Quality Control KW - Air Movements KW - Ventilation KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67225796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Ventilation+efficiencies+and+thermal+comfort+results+of+a+desk-edge-mounted+task+ventilation+system.&rft.au=Faulkner%2C+D%3BFisk%2C+W+J%3BSullivan%2C+D+P%3BLee%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Faulkner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=14+Suppl+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magmatic intrusion west of Three Sisters, central Oregon, USA; the perspective from spring geochemistry AN - 51892015; 2004-014678 AB - A geochemical investigation of springs near Three Sisters volcanoes was conducted in response to the detection of crustal uplift west of the peaks. Dilute, low-temperature springs near the center of uplift show (super 3) He/ (super 4) He ratios > or =7R (sub A) (R (sub A) is the ratio in air), and transport in total approximately 16 MW of heat and approximately 180 g/s of magmatic carbon (as CO (sub 2) ). These anomalous conditions clearly reflect the influence of magma, but they seemingly predate the onset of the present uplift and derive from a previous event. Episodes of intrusion may thus be more common in this area than the age of eruptive vents would imply. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Evans, William C AU - van Soest, Matthijs C AU - Mariner, Robert H AU - Hurwitz, Shaul AU - Ingebritsen, Steven E AU - Wicks, Charles W, Jr AU - Schmidt, Mariek E Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 69 EP - 72 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - United States KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - geochemical indicators KW - Oregon KW - magma transport KW - Lane County Oregon KW - volcanism KW - noble gases KW - carbon KW - springs KW - helium KW - geochemistry KW - sulfate ion KW - isotope ratios KW - magmatism KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Three Sisters KW - hydrochemistry KW - Cascade Range KW - intrusions KW - volcanic risk KW - Deschutes County Oregon KW - volcanoes KW - theoretical models KW - periodicity KW - He-4/He-3 KW - field studies KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51892015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Magmatic+intrusion+west+of+Three+Sisters%2C+central+Oregon%2C+USA%3B+the+perspective+from+spring+geochemistry&rft.au=Evans%2C+William+C%3Bvan+Soest%2C+Matthijs+C%3BMariner%2C+Robert+H%3BHurwitz%2C+Shaul%3BIngebritsen%2C+Steven+E%3BWicks%2C+Charles+W%2C+Jr%3BSchmidt%2C+Mariek+E&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG19974.1 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - With GSA Data Repository Item 2003011 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; carbon; Cascade Range; Deschutes County Oregon; field studies; geochemical indicators; geochemistry; geologic hazards; ground water; He-4/He-3; helium; hydrochemistry; intrusions; isotope ratios; isotopes; Lane County Oregon; magma transport; magmatism; noble gases; Oregon; periodicity; springs; stable isotopes; sulfate ion; theoretical models; Three Sisters; United States; volcanic risk; volcanism; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G19974.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity AN - 51870598; 2004-026495 AB - Unit-cell volumes of four single-phase intermediate halite-sylvite solid solutions have been measured to pressures and temperatures of approximately 28 kbar and approximately 700 degrees C. Equation-of-state fitting of the data yields thermal expansion and compressibility as a function of composition across the chloride series. The variation of the product alpha (sub 0) .K (sub 0) is linear (ideal) in composition between the accepted values for halite and sylvite. Taken separately, the individual values of alpha (sub 0) and K (sub 0) are not linear in composition. alpha (sub 0) shows a maximum near the consolute composition (X (sub NaCl) = 0.64) that exceeds the value for either end-member. There is a corresponding minimum in K (sub 0) . The fact that the alpha (sub 0) .K (sub 0) product is variable (and incidentally so well behaved as to be linear across the composition series) reinforces the significance of the complementary maxima and minima in alpha (sub 0) and K (sub 0) (significantly, near the consolute composition). These extrema in alpha (sub 0) and K (sub 0) provide an example of intermediate properties that do not follow simply from values for the end-members. Cell volumes across this series show small, well-behaved positive excesses, consistent with K-Na substitution causing defects through lattice mismatches. Barrett and Wallace (1954) showed maximum defect concentrations in the consolute region. Defect-riddled, weakened structures in the consolute region are more easily compressed or more easily thermally expanded, providing an explanation for our observed alpha (sub 0) and K (sub 0) variations. These compliant, loosened lattices should resist diffusive transfer less than non-defective crystals and, hence, might be expected to show higher diffusivities. Tracer diffusion rates are predicted to peak across the consolute region as exchange diffusion rates drop to zero. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Walker, David AU - Verma, Pramod K AU - Cranswick, M D AU - Jones, Raymond L AU - Clark, Simon M AU - Buhre, Stephan Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 204 EP - 210 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 89 IS - 1 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - halides KW - sylvite KW - physical properties KW - thermoelastic properties KW - chlorides KW - solid solution KW - halite KW - P-T conditions KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51870598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Halite-sylvite+thermoelasticity&rft.au=Walker%2C+David%3BVerma%2C+Pramod+K%3BCranswick%2C+M+D%3BJones%2C+Raymond+L%3BClark%2C+Simon+M%3BBuhre%2C+Stephan&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorides; halides; halite; P-T conditions; physical properties; solid solution; sylvite; thermoelastic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of perched water and chloride data in modeling flow processes within the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51815098; 2004-063720 AB - This paper presents a modeling study incorporating field-measured perched water and chloride data into a three-dimensional (3-D) large-scale unsaturated zone (UZ) model of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a potential underground nuclear waste repository site. This study integrates field measured perched water and pore-water chloride data into a single 3-D flow and transport model through model calibration. Using these field data in model calibration is intended to improve the model's capability to evaluate current conditions and predict future conditions of the unsaturated zone, so as to aid in the performance assessment of the proposed repository system. The calibration results show that the large-scale UZ flow and transport model may be able to predict both moisture and chloride geochemical conditions at the site. JF - Journal of Hydraulic Research = Journal de Recherches Hydrauliques AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Liu, Jianchun A2 - Valocchi, Albert J. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 115 EP - 120 PB - International Association for Hydraulic Research, Delft VL - 42 IS - Extra issue SN - 0022-1686, 0022-1686 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - hydrology KW - chlorine KW - three-dimensional models KW - halogens KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - Nye County Nevada KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - perched aquifers KW - chloride ion KW - infiltration KW - percolation KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51815098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.atitle=Integration+of+perched+water+and+chloride+data+in+modeling+flow+processes+within+the+unsaturated+zone+of+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BLiu%2C+Jianchun&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=Extra+issue&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.issn=00221686&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/TJHR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - IAHR international groundwater symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IHSBAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chloride ion; chlorine; computer programs; data processing; geochemistry; ground water; halogens; hydrochemistry; hydrology; infiltration; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; perched aquifers; percolation; three-dimensional models; TOUGH2; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic attenuation due to wave-induced flow AN - 51744232; 2005-017410 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Pride, S R AU - Berryman, J G AU - Harris, J M Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 19 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - B1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - elasticity KW - numerical models KW - microcracks KW - poroelasticity KW - elastic waves KW - elastic constants KW - porosity KW - attenuation KW - theoretical studies KW - physical properties KW - sedimentary rocks KW - cracks KW - Q KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51744232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Seismic+attenuation+due+to+wave-induced+flow&rft.au=Pride%2C+S+R%3BBerryman%2C+J+G%3BHarris%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Pride&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=B1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JB002639 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; body waves; cracks; elastic constants; elastic waves; elasticity; microcracks; numerical models; P-waves; physical properties; poroelasticity; porosity; propagation; Q; sedimentary rocks; seismic waves; theoretical studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JB002639 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crosswell seismic imaging in a contaminated basalt aquifer AN - 51738436; 2005-021939 AB - Multiple seismic crosswell surveys have been acquired and analyzed in a fractured basalt aquifer at Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. Most of these surveys used a high-frequency (1000-10,000 Hz) piezoelectric seismic source to obtain P-wave velocity tomograms. The P-wave velocities range from less than 3200 m/s to more than 5000 m/s. Additionally, a new type of borehole seismic source was deployed as part of the subsurface characterization program at this contaminated groundwater site. This source, known as an orbital vibrator, allows simultaneous acquisition of P- and S-waves at frequencies of 100 to 400 Hz, and acquisition over larger distances. The velocity tomograms show a relationship to contaminant transport in the groundwater; zones of high contaminant concentration are coincident with zones of low velocity and high attenuation and are interpreted to be fracture zones at the boundaries between basalt flows. The orbital vibrator data show high Vp/Vs values, from 1.8 to 2.8. In spite of the lower resolution of orbital vibrator data, these data were sufficient for constraining hydrologic models at this site while achieving imaging over large interwell distances. The combination of piezoelectric data for closer well spacing and orbital vibrator data for larger well spacings has provided optimal imaging capability and has been instrumental in our understanding of the site aquifer's hydrologic properties and its scale of heterogeneity. JF - Geophysics AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Peterson, John E Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 16 EP - 24 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - velocity analysis KW - United States KW - tomography KW - Snake River Plain Aquifer KW - fractured materials KW - P-waves KW - geophones KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - data acquisition KW - well-logging KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - seismic logging KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - basalts KW - Vibroseis KW - water pollution KW - Idaho KW - body waves KW - gamma-ray methods KW - pollutants KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - INEEL KW - fracture zones KW - boreholes KW - seismic waves KW - piezoelectric source KW - hydrophones KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51738436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Crosswell+seismic+imaging+in+a+contaminated+basalt+aquifer&rft.au=Daley%2C+Thomas+M%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BPeterson%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1649371 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; attenuation; basalts; body waves; boreholes; crosshole methods; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; fracture zones; fractured materials; gamma-ray methods; geophones; geophysical methods; government agencies; ground water; hydrophones; Idaho; igneous rocks; INEEL; P-waves; piezoelectric source; pollutants; pollution; seismic logging; seismic waves; Snake River Plain Aquifer; tomography; United States; velocity analysis; Vibroseis; volcanic rocks; water pollution; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1649371 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of geological heterogeneity on CO (sub 2) storage in brine formations; a case study from the Texas Gulf Coast AN - 51667530; 2005-069669 AB - Geological complexities such as variable permeability and structure (folds and faults) exist to a greater or lesser extent in all subsurface environments. In order to identify safe and effective sites in which to inject CO (sub 2) for sequestration, it is necessary to predict the effect of these heterogeneities on the short-and long-term distribution of CO (sub 2) . Sequestration capacity, the volume fraction of the subsurface available for CO (sub 2) storage, can be increased by geological heterogeneity. Numerical models demonstrate that in a homogenous rock volume, CO (sub 2) flowpaths are dominated by buoyancy, bypassing much of the rock volume. Flow through a more heterogeneous rock volume disperses the flow paths, contacting a larger percentage of the rock volume, and thereby increasing sequestration capacity. Sequestration effectiveness, how much CO (sub 2) will be sequestered for how long in how much space, can also be enhanced by heterogeneity. A given volume of CO (sub 2) distributed over a larger rock volume may decrease leakage risk by shortening the continuous column of buoyant gas acting on a capillary seal and inhibiting seal failure. However, where structural heterogeneity predominates over stratigraphic heterogeneity, large columns of CO (sub 2) may accumulate below a sealing layer, increasing the risk of seal failure and leakage. JF - Geological Society Special Publications AU - Hovorka, Susan D AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Benson, Sally M AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Knox, Paul R A2 - Baines, Shelagh J. A2 - Worden, Richard H. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 147 EP - 163 PB - Geological Society of London, London VL - 233 SN - 0305-8719, 0305-8719 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - engineering properties KW - site exploration KW - power plants KW - gas storage KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - mineral composition KW - folds KW - heterogeneity KW - sequestration KW - underground storage KW - Frio Formation KW - Texas KW - Paleogene KW - recovery KW - porosity KW - models KW - computer programs KW - case studies KW - Tertiary KW - brines KW - underground installations KW - permeability KW - Oligocene KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51667530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+geological+heterogeneity+on+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+in+brine+formations%3B+a+case+study+from+the+Texas+Gulf+Coast&rft.au=Hovorka%2C+Susan+D%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BKnox%2C+Paul+R&rft.aulast=Hovorka&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=233&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=1862391637&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.issn=03058719&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, 2 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbon dioxide; case studies; Cenozoic; computer programs; engineering properties; folds; Frio Formation; gas storage; heterogeneity; mineral composition; models; Oligocene; Paleogene; permeability; porosity; power plants; recovery; reservoir rocks; sequestration; site exploration; Tertiary; Texas; TOUGH2; underground installations; underground storage; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracer migration experiments in unsaturated fractured tuff AN - 51570128; 2006-057790 AB - Field tracer experiments were conducted at an underground tunnel-the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF)--at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, to investigate the localized preferential flow and transport resulting from multiple episodic liquid-release tests in unsaturated fractured tuff. Liquid was released into an isolated test interval (0.30 m long) within a borehole drilled along ESF. Out of 60 liquid-release tests, 36 contained tracers (mostly food and fluorescent dyes) to help us to elucidate the flow paths in unsaturated tuff. After the tracer-migration test, an array of 12 boreholes was drilled into the test area to collect rock samples. These samples were then analyzed to delineate the extent of tracer migration. Complementary laboratory column transport studies using crushed rock showed that the dye tracers were--at most--very weakly sorbed to the tuff matrix. We found that the tracer-migration test, with a limited release volume of 1.5 L, resulted in a localized distribution of tracers, most likely confined to a 1.0X1.6-m area directly below the test interval (over a vertical experimental length of about 0.65 m). This conclusion was corroborated by detecting dyes that had been introduced during previous liquid-release seepage tests either before or after niche excavation; the spatial distribution of all dyes was near their individual release intervals. Limited lateral spreading of the dyes occurred, even when several non-dye-containing seepage tests were intermittently conducted following dye release. This work also demonstrates the utility of applying multiple tracers (including food and fluorescent dyes) to help delineate transport characteristics in unsaturated fractured rock. JF - Geochemical Journal AU - Hu, Qinhong AU - Trautz, Robert C AU - Wang, Joseph S Y Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 177 EP - 189 PB - Geochemical Society of Japan, Nagoya VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7002, 0016-7002 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - volcanic rocks KW - contaminant plumes KW - igneous rocks KW - dye tracers KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - fluid dynamics KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Exploratory Studies Facility KW - pyroclastics KW - boreholes KW - saturation KW - volume KW - tracers KW - tuff KW - Yucca Mountain KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51570128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemical+Journal&rft.atitle=Tracer+migration+experiments+in+unsaturated+fractured+tuff&rft.au=Hu%2C+Qinhong%3BTrautz%2C+Robert+C%3BWang%2C+Joseph+S+Y&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Qinhong&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemical+Journal&rft.issn=00167002&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.terrapub.co.jp/journals/GJ/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, 5 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJOBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; contaminant plumes; dye tracers; experimental studies; Exploratory Studies Facility; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; igneous rocks; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; permeability; pollution; pyroclastics; saturation; sorption; tracers; tuff; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; volume; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of environmental biotechnology AN - 51557447; 2006-064142 JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 193 PB - CRC Press for AEHS (Association for the Environmental Health of Soils), Boca Raton, FL VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1549-7887, 1549-7887 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - biochemistry KW - bioaugmentation KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - air pollution KW - environmental management KW - biotechnology KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - bacteria KW - mobility KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51557447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+environmental+biotechnology&rft.au=Hazen%2C+Terry+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hazen&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15497887&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10588337.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 19th annual international conference on Soils, sediments, and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; bacteria; bioaugmentation; biochemistry; biodegradation; bioremediation; biotechnology; cost; decontamination; environmental management; ground water; microorganisms; mobility; monitoring; pollution; remediation; soils; techniques; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reservoir-fluid characterization and reservoir modeling of potential gas hydrate resources, Alaska North Slope AN - 51523074; 2006-087182 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy and BP Exploration (Alaska), Inc. cooperatively fund this research, which uses seismic and well data to assess gas hydrate volume, distribution, and resource potential on Alaska's North Slope (ANS). The large magnitude of in-place gas hydrate (44+ TCF) and evaluation of conventional ANS gas creates industry-DOE alignment to assess this potential unconventional resource. Many technical, economical, environmental, and safety issues require resolution before proving gas hydrate production economic feasibility. The gas hydrate-bearing Tertiary Sagavanirktok Formation is characterized by stacked sequences of fluvial, deltaic and nearshore marine sands with interbedded terrestrial and marine shales. Facies changes, intraformational unconformities, and high-angle faults disrupt reservoir continuity and quality. Seismic interpretations and well log correlations reveal sand-rich sequences and parasequences composed of river channel, point bar, mouth bar, and nearshore marine sandstones and shales. Seismic interpretation, normalized log correlation, structural mapping, cross section analyses, facies mapping, and net pay sand mapping help assess reservoir continuity and estimate in-place gas. The reservoir and fluid characterization is input into reservoir models to help define ranges of recovery factors, producible gas, and economic resource potential and to evaluate potential future development scenarios. The Phase 1 study characterizes reservoirs and fluids, leads to recoverable reserve and resource potential estimates, and defines procedures for gas hydrate drilling, data acquisition, completion, and production. Phases 2 and 3 would integrate well, core, log, and production test data, if justified by results from prior phases. The research program could lead to future ANS gas hydrate pilot development. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Hunter, Robert B AU - Casavant, Robert R AU - Johnson, Roy A AU - Poulton, Mary M AU - Moridis, George J AU - Wilson, Scott J AU - Geauner, Scott AU - Manuel, Justin AU - Hagbo, Casey AU - Glass, Charles E AU - Mallon, Kenneth M AU - Patil, Shirish L AU - Dandekar, Abhijit AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 68 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 13 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - resources KW - terrestrial environment KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas hydrates KW - development KW - natural gas KW - characterization KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - mapping KW - production KW - cores KW - reservoir rocks KW - evaluation KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - future KW - Paleocene KW - depositional environment KW - interpretation KW - faults KW - well logs KW - North Slope KW - geophysical methods KW - bars KW - Paleogene KW - nearshore environment KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - lithofacies KW - high-angle faults KW - Tertiary KW - reserves KW - Neogene KW - marine environment KW - Northern Alaska KW - fluvial features KW - surveys KW - Pliocene KW - deltaic environment KW - Alaska KW - unconformities KW - Sagavanirktok Formation KW - point bars KW - fluvial environment KW - clastic rocks KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51523074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Reservoir-fluid+characterization+and+reservoir+modeling+of+potential+gas+hydrate+resources%2C+Alaska+North+Slope&rft.au=Hunter%2C+Robert+B%3BCasavant%2C+Robert+R%3BJohnson%2C+Roy+A%3BPoulton%2C+Mary+M%3BMoridis%2C+George+J%3BWilson%2C+Scott+J%3BGeauner%2C+Scott%3BManuel%2C+Justin%3BHagbo%2C+Casey%3BGlass%2C+Charles+E%3BMallon%2C+Kenneth+M%3BPatil%2C+Shirish+L%3BDandekar%2C+Abhijit%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; bars; Cenozoic; characterization; clastic rocks; cores; deltaic environment; depositional environment; development; evaluation; faults; fluvial environment; fluvial features; future; gas hydrates; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; high-angle faults; interpretation; lithofacies; mapping; marine environment; models; natural gas; nearshore environment; Neogene; North Slope; Northern Alaska; Paleocene; Paleogene; petroleum; Pliocene; point bars; production; reserves; reservoir rocks; resources; Sagavanirktok Formation; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; surveys; terrestrial environment; Tertiary; unconformities; United States; well logs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analytical solution for estimating percolation rate by fitting temperature profiles in the vadose zone AN - 51118453; 2006-057690 AB - We present a simple analytical solution for one-dimensional steady heat transfer with convection and conduction through a multilayer system such as a vadose zone. We assume that each layer is homogeneous and has a constant thermal diffusivity. The mass/heat flow direction is perpendicular to the layers, and the mass flow rate is a constant. The analytical solution presented in this study also assumes constant known temperatures at the two boundaries of the system. Although the analytical solution gives the temperature as a function of a few parameters, we focus on the inverse application to estimate the percolation rate in a vadose zone. Example applications have shown that with reliable field observation data, the solution can be used to determine the percolation rate to high degree of accuracy (e.g., to mm/year). In some other cases, the solution may also be helpful in characterizing potential lateral flow along layer divides. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Shan, Chao AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 83 EP - 95 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 68 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - pollutants KW - one-dimensional models KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - porosity KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - recharge KW - transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - heat transfer KW - percolation KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51118453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=An+analytical+solution+for+estimating+percolation+rate+by+fitting+temperature+profiles+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Shan%2C+Chao%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur&rft.aulast=Shan&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2803%2900126-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; heat transfer; hydrodynamics; hydrology; mathematical models; one-dimensional models; percolation; pollutants; pollution; pore water; porosity; recharge; soils; temperature; transport; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00126-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chloride in hot springs of the Cascade volcanic arc; the source puzzle AN - 50873881; 2007-026966 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - van Soest, M C AU - Evans, W C AU - Mariner, R H AU - Schmidt, M E A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 209 EP - 213 PB - International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry and Alberta Research Council, Sub-Group on Water-Rock Interaction, Toronto, ON VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - halides KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - marine sedimentation KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - volcanic features KW - sedimentary rocks KW - geothermal systems KW - water-rock interaction KW - noble gases KW - chlorides KW - springs KW - helium KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - chemical ratios KW - isotope ratios KW - sedimentation KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - aquifers KW - Cascade Range KW - provenance KW - Tertiary KW - island arcs KW - magmas KW - Three Sisters Mountain KW - volcanoes KW - He-4/He-3 KW - hot springs KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50873881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Chloride+in+hot+springs+of+the+Cascade+volcanic+arc%3B+the+source+puzzle&rft.au=van+Soest%2C+M+C%3BEvans%2C+W+C%3BMariner%2C+R+H%3BSchmidt%2C+M+E&rft.aulast=van+Soest&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Cascade Range; Cenozoic; chemical composition; chemical ratios; chlorides; discharge; geochemistry; geothermal systems; ground water; halides; He-4/He-3; helium; hot springs; hydrochemistry; island arcs; isotope ratios; isotopes; magmas; marine sedimentation; noble gases; Oregon; provenance; sedimentary rocks; sedimentation; springs; stable isotopes; Tertiary; thermal waters; Three Sisters Mountain; United States; volcanic features; volcanoes; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The scaling relationship between self-potential and fluid flow on Masaya Volcano, Nicaragua AN - 50870976; 2007-026955 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Lewicki, J L AU - Hilley, G E AU - Connor, C A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 153 EP - 156 PB - International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry and Alberta Research Council, Sub-Group on Water-Rock Interaction, Toronto, ON VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - hydrology KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - fluid phase KW - Nicaragua KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - self-potential methods KW - Masaya KW - movement KW - volcanoes KW - surveys KW - soil gases KW - Central America KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50870976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=The+scaling+relationship+between+self-potential+and+fluid+flow+on+Masaya+Volcano%2C+Nicaragua&rft.au=Lewicki%2C+J+L%3BHilley%2C+G+E%3BConnor%2C+C&rft.aulast=Lewicki&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; Central America; electrical methods; fluid phase; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; hydrology; Masaya; movement; Nicaragua; self-potential methods; soil gases; surveys; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulations of convection in Europa's ice shell; implications for surface features AN - 50290717; 2005-063361 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Showman, Adam P AU - Han, Lijie Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 11 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - F1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - hydrology KW - surface properties KW - icy satellites KW - Europa Satellite KW - uplifts KW - data processing KW - Galilean satellites KW - temperature KW - ice shell KW - terrains KW - viscosity KW - ice KW - heat flow KW - creep KW - planetary interiors KW - digital simulation KW - surface features KW - thickness KW - planetology KW - satellites KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50290717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulations+of+convection+in+Europa%27s+ice+shell%3B+implications+for+surface+features&rft.au=Showman%2C+Adam+P%3BHan%2C+Lijie&rft.aulast=Showman&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=F1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JE002103 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03407 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - creep; data processing; digital simulation; Europa Satellite; Galilean satellites; heat flow; hydrology; ice; ice shell; icy satellites; planetary interiors; planetology; satellites; surface features; surface properties; temperature; terrains; thickness; uplifts; viscosity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JE002103 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating infiltration in unsaturated basalt for the large-scale aquifer pumping and infiltration test at INEEL AN - 50284901; 2004-063719 AB - The Large-Scale Aquifer Pumping and Infiltration Test (LPIT) conducted at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory was modeled using TOUGH2 to simulate the highly transient water infiltration and perched-water conditions in the fractured basalt and sedimentary interbeds existing at the site. The fracture and matrix continua of the basalt were represented using a dual-permeability approach. Six perched-water hydrographs, measured during the infiltration test, were used for calibration with iTOUGH2 to estimate six parameters that controlled unsaturated flow in the fractured basalt and the dense clay sedimentary interbed underlying the basalt flow. These parameters included the interfacial area between the basalt fracture and matrix continua, the basalt fracture continuum permeability, the basalt matrix continuum permeability, the interbed matrix continuum permeability, and the interbed van Genuchten capillary pressure parameters. The intent of the calibration was to obtain large-scale properties of the lithological units affecting the field-scale LPIT test. Finally, we tested the applicability of the dual-permeability conceptual model for representing transient variably saturated flow in fractured basalt. Parameters obtained from the calibration were within the range of hydrogeological parameters measured from cores obtained in the field, substantiating the physical relevance of the calibration effort. JF - Journal of Hydraulic Research = Journal de Recherches Hydrauliques AU - Unger, Andre J A AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Simmons, Ardyth M A2 - Valocchi, Albert J. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 105 EP - 113 PB - International Association for Hydraulic Research, Delft VL - 42 IS - Extra issue SN - 0022-1686, 0022-1686 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - Idaho KW - volcanic rocks KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - pollutants KW - igneous rocks KW - pumping KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - INEEL KW - computer programs KW - fractures KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - basalts KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50284901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.atitle=Simulating+infiltration+in+unsaturated+basalt+for+the+large-scale+aquifer+pumping+and+infiltration+test+at+INEEL&rft.au=Unger%2C+Andre+J+A%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BSimmons%2C+Ardyth+M&rft.aulast=Unger&rft.aufirst=Andre+J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=Extra+issue&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.issn=00221686&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/TJHR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - IAHR international groundwater symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IHSBAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basalts; capillary pressure; computer programs; fractures; ground water; Idaho; igneous rocks; INEEL; infiltration; numerical models; permeability; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; pumping; simulation; TOUGH2; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical trajectory calculations for the efficient inversion of transient flow and tracer observations AN - 50280436; 2005-072921 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Vasco, D W AU - Finsterle, Stefan A Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 17 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - TOUGH2 KW - solute transport KW - Alps KW - unsteady flow KW - pumping KW - Europe KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - Switzerland KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - Central Alps KW - Central Europe KW - tracers KW - Bernese Alps KW - hydrodynamics KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - inverse problem KW - models KW - computer programs KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Grimsel Rock Laboratory KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50280436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Numerical+trajectory+calculations+for+the+efficient+inversion+of+transient+flow+and+tracer+observations&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan+A&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002362 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alps; Bernese Alps; Central Alps; Central Europe; computer programs; Europe; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; fractures; Grimsel Rock Laboratory; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; inverse problem; laboratory studies; models; pressure; pumping; simulation; solute transport; Switzerland; TOUGH2; tracers; unsteady flow; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002362 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of plasticity on convection in an ice shell; implications for Europa AN - 50274937; 2007-090770 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Showman, A P AU - Han, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 35 KW - icy satellites KW - numerical models KW - Europa Satellite KW - density KW - plastic deformation KW - Galilean satellites KW - deformation KW - convection KW - temperature KW - models KW - fractures KW - finite element analysis KW - Rayleigh number KW - topography KW - yield strength KW - viscosity KW - rheology KW - ice KW - satellites KW - plasticity KW - ice shells KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50274937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Effects+of+plasticity+on+convection+in+an+ice+shell%3B+implications+for+Europa&rft.au=Showman%2C+A+P%3BHan%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Showman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2004/pdf/1466.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fifth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Apr. 4, 2007 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - convection; deformation; density; Europa Satellite; finite element analysis; fractures; Galilean satellites; ice; ice shells; icy satellites; models; numerical models; plastic deformation; plasticity; Rayleigh number; rheology; satellites; temperature; topography; viscosity; yield strength ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synchrotron X-ray analysis of captured particle residue in aerogel keystones AN - 50272859; 2007-054479 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Butterworth, A L AU - Westphal, A J AU - Snead, C J AU - Tamura, N AU - Bajt, S AU - Graham, G A AU - Bradley, J P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 35 KW - experimental studies KW - fragmentation KW - in situ KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - Stardust Mission KW - spatial data KW - Comet Wild 2 KW - crystal structure KW - feasibility studies KW - cosmic dust KW - comets KW - aerogel KW - chemical composition KW - particles KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50272859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Synchrotron+X-ray+analysis+of+captured+particle+residue+in+aerogel+keystones&rft.au=Butterworth%2C+A+L%3BWestphal%2C+A+J%3BSnead%2C+C+J%3BTamura%2C+N%3BBajt%2C+S%3BGraham%2C+G+A%3BBradley%2C+J+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Butterworth&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2004/pdf/2101.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fifth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 9, 2007 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerogel; chemical composition; Comet Wild 2; comets; cosmic dust; crystal structure; experimental studies; feasibility studies; fragmentation; in situ; particles; spatial data; Stardust Mission; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mid- and far-infrared spectroscopy at the Advanced Light Source AN - 50272117; 2007-054502 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Bajt, S AU - Graham, G A AU - Bradley, J AU - Westphal, A J AU - Butterworth, A L AU - Martin, M C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 35 KW - silicates KW - interplanetary dust KW - infrared spectroscopy KW - carbon KW - infrared microspectroscopy KW - Wild 2 Comet KW - oxides KW - organic carbon KW - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy KW - programs KW - high-resolution methods KW - chemical analysis KW - Stardust Mission KW - mass spectroscopy KW - wavelength KW - ion probe KW - organic compounds KW - comets KW - aerogel KW - synchrotrons KW - sulfides KW - spectroscopy KW - particles KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50272117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Mid-+and+far-infrared+spectroscopy+at+the+Advanced+Light+Source&rft.au=Bajt%2C+S%3BGraham%2C+G+A%3BBradley%2C+J%3BWestphal%2C+A+J%3BButterworth%2C+A+L%3BMartin%2C+M+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bajt&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2004/pdf/2127.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fifth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 9, 2007 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerogel; carbon; chemical analysis; comets; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; high-resolution methods; infrared microspectroscopy; infrared spectroscopy; instruments; interplanetary dust; ion probe; mass spectroscopy; organic carbon; organic compounds; oxides; particles; programs; silicates; spectroscopy; Stardust Mission; sulfides; synchrotrons; wavelength; Wild 2 Comet ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated approach to predict coupled processes at a nuclear waste repository AN - 50118672; 2010-003085 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Spycher, N AU - Sonnenthal, E AU - Kneafsey, T AU - Dobson, P A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 995 EP - 998 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - waste disposal sites KW - coupling KW - salinity KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - reactivity KW - mineral composition KW - water-rock interaction KW - silica KW - chemical composition KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Nye County Nevada KW - hydrochemistry KW - porosity KW - clay minerals KW - calcite KW - models KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - dissolution KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - carbonates KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50118672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=An+integrated+approach+to+predict+coupled+processes+at+a+nuclear+waste+repository&rft.au=Spycher%2C+N%3BSonnenthal%2C+E%3BKneafsey%2C+T%3BDobson%2C+P&rft.aulast=Spycher&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=995&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbonates; chemical composition; clay minerals; coupling; dissolution; environmental analysis; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; hazardous waste; hydrochemistry; hydrology; laboratory studies; mineral composition; models; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pH; pollution; porosity; precipitation; prediction; radioactive waste; reactivity; salinity; saturation; sheet silicates; silica; silicates; simulation; solute transport; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water-rock interaction; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the field-scale cation exchange capacity of Hanford sediments AN - 50115799; 2010-003086 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Steefel, C I A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 999 EP - 1002 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - cation exchange capacity KW - isotopes KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - simulation KW - hydrochemistry KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - water-rock interaction KW - movement KW - sediments KW - mobilization KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - field studies KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50115799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+field-scale+cation+exchange+capacity+of+Hanford+sediments&rft.au=Steefel%2C+C+I&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=999&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; cation exchange capacity; chemical composition; contaminant plumes; field studies; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrochemistry; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; mobilization; movement; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reactivity; sediments; simulation; solute transport; United States; Washington; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Three-Dimensional Groundwater Flow and Advective Contaminant Transport at a Heterogeneous Mountainous Site in Support of Remediation AN - 19939243; 6495406 AB - A calibrated groundwater flow model for a contaminated site can provide substantial information for assessing and improving hydraulic measures implemented for remediation. We developed a three-dimensional transient groundwater flow model for a contaminated mountainous site at which interim corrective measures were initiated to limit further spreading of contaminants. This flow model accounts for complex geologic units that vary considerably in thickness, slope, and hydrogeologic properties, as well as large seasonal fluctuations of the groundwater table and flow rates. Other significant factors are local recharge from leaking underground storm drains and recharge from steep uphill areas. The zonation method was employed to account for the clustering of high and low hydraulic conductivities measured in a geologic unit. A composite model was used to represent the bulk effect of thin layers of relatively high hydraulic conductivity found within bedrock of otherwise low conductivity. The inverse simulator iTOUGH2 was used to calibrate the model for the distribution of rock properties. The model was initially calibrated using data collected between 1994 and 1996. To check the validity of the model, it was subsequently applied to predicting groundwater level fluctuation and groundwater flux between 1996 and 1998. Comparison of simulated and measured data demonstrated that the model is capable of predicting the complex flow reasonably well. Advective transport was approximated using pathways of particles originating from source areas of the plumes. The advective transport approximation was in good agreement with the trend of contaminant plumes observed during the same years. The validated model was then refined to focus on a subsection of the large system. The refined model showed that most of the hydraulic measures implemented for remediation are effective. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Javandel, Iraj AU - Jordan, Preston D AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, qlzhou@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 884 EP - 900 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Bioremediation KW - Groundwater Level KW - Mountains KW - Flow Rates KW - Slopes KW - Seasonal variations KW - Recharge KW - composite materials KW - Geologic Units KW - Conductivity KW - Water Table KW - Model Studies KW - Geohydrology KW - Contaminants KW - Groundwater KW - zonation KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Particulates KW - Permeability Coefficient KW - Flow rates KW - Rock Properties KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Pollutants KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Geology KW - Bedrock KW - Plumes KW - Storm Drains KW - Remediation KW - Fluctuations KW - Groundwater Movement KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19939243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Modeling+Three-Dimensional+Groundwater+Flow+and+Advective+Contaminant+Transport+at+a+Heterogeneous+Mountainous+Site+in+Support+of+Remediation&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Quanlin%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BJavandel%2C+Iraj%3BJordan%2C+Preston+D&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Quanlin&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=884&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Bioremediation; composite materials; Particulates; Flow rates; Mountains; Sulfur dioxide; Stormwater runoff; Geology; Groundwater; Contaminants; Plumes; Seasonal variations; zonation; Recharge; Geologic Units; Conductivity; Groundwater Pollution; Water Table; Groundwater Level; Permeability Coefficient; Model Studies; Rock Properties; Storm Drains; Pollutants; Flow Rates; Remediation; Geohydrology; Slopes; Bedrock; Groundwater Movement; Fluctuations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon Isotopic Evidence for Biodegradation of Organic Contaminants in the Shallow Vadose Zone of the Radioactive Waste Management Complex AN - 19936312; 6495330 AB - Waste material buried in drums in the shallow subsurface at the Radioactive Waste Management Facility (RWMC) of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) contained significant amounts of organic compounds, including lubricating oils and chlorinated solvents. Carbon dioxide concentrations in pore gas samples from monitoring wells in the vicinity of the disposal pits are three to five times higher than the concentrations in nearby background wells. The stable C isotope ratios ([delta] super(13)C values) of CO sub(2) from the disposal pits averaged 2.4[per thousand] less than CO sub(2) from the background wells, indicating that the elevated CO sub(2) concentrations around the pits were derived from source materials with [delta] super(13)C values in the range of -24 to -29[per thousand]. These [delta] super(13)C values are typical of lubricating oils, but higher than most solvents. The radiocarbon ( super(14)C) contents of CO sub(2) across most of the site were significantly elevated above modern concentrations due to reactor blocks buried in a subsurface vault at the site. However, several samples collected from the high-CO sub(2) zone on the far side of the RWMC from the reactor blocks had very low super(14)C contents (<0.13 times modern), confirming production from lubricating oils manufactured from fossil hydrocarbons. The magnitude of the CO sub(2) anomaly observed at the site is consistent with intrinsic biodegradation rates on the order of 0.5 to 3.0 t C yr super(-1). JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - DePaolo, Donald J AD - Earth Sciences Division, MS 70A-4418, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, MSConrad@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 143 EP - 153 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Biodegradation KW - Oil KW - USA, Idaho KW - Carbon dioxide KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19936312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Carbon+Isotopic+Evidence+for+Biodegradation+of+Organic+Contaminants+in+the+Shallow+Vadose+Zone+of+the+Radioactive+Waste+Management+Complex&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Mark+E%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon dioxide; Oil; USA, Idaho ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaporation Effects on Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotopes in Deep Vadose Zone Pore Fluids at Hanford, Washington AN - 19933947; 6495337 AB - Stable isotopes of O and H were measured in pore fluid extracted from a sediment core located in a relatively undisturbed area in the Hanford site near the S-SX Tank Farms. Pore fluids from most of the 70-m-thick vadose zone section have [delta] super(18)O values that are shifted to higher values than those for winter precipitation (and Columbia River water) by 3 to 4[per thousand]. The shift of [delta] super(18)O and the [delta] super(18)O-[delta]D slope of about 4 in the deep vadose zone pore fluids is attributed to partial evaporation during residence in the upper meter of the soil section. A model relating the isotopic shift to recharge and soil properties suggests that the shift should be inversely proportional to recharge, and larger for coarser soils with lower water retention. When applied to Hanford soils and precipitation patterns, the model predicts that vadose zone pore fluids at Hanford should typically be shifted by +2 to +6[per thousand] in [delta] super(18)O relative to the values in wet season precipitation, even for relatively high values of annual net infiltration (up to 100 mm yr super(-1) or 60% of annual precipitation). The model has implications for groundwater as well as vadose zone [delta] super(18)O. The effects of vegetation are not included, so only upper limit values for the net infiltration flux can be inferred from vadose zone [delta] super(18)O. The shifted [delta] super(18)O of natural pore fluids allows identification of the presence of subsurface water that comes from industrial discharges at the Hanford site. An example is provided by a low [delta] super(18)O, high water content horizon at a depth of 44 m in the core, which is interpreted as industrial water that was transported laterally above a capillary barrier as a result of a nearby, near- surface point discharge that happened within the past 50 yr. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Maher, Katharine AU - Gee, Glendon W AD - Earth Sciences Division, MS 90R1116, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, depaolo@eps.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 220 EP - 232 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - Barriers KW - Evaporation KW - Hydrogen KW - Retention KW - Soil KW - Cores KW - soil properties KW - hydrogen isotopes KW - water content KW - Soil Properties KW - Slopes KW - Zones KW - Recharge KW - Vegetation KW - Model Studies KW - Oxygen KW - Pores KW - Stable Isotopes KW - winter KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Infiltration KW - Groundwater KW - Fluvial Sediments KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - Water Depth KW - Subsurface Water KW - Sediment pollution KW - Industrial Water KW - Precipitation KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Fluctuations KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19933947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Evaporation+Effects+on+Oxygen+and+Hydrogen+Isotopes+in+Deep+Vadose+Zone+Pore+Fluids+at+Hanford%2C+Washington&rft.au=DePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMaher%2C+Katharine%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=DePaolo&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=220&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Oxygen; Sediment pollution; Isotopes; winter; soil properties; Evaporation; hydrogen isotopes; Infiltration; Vegetation; water content; Groundwater; Recharge; Subsurface Water; Barriers; Fluvial Sediments; Industrial Water; Groundwater Pollution; Precipitation; Hydrogen; Retention; Model Studies; Pores; Stable Isotopes; Cores; Water Depth; Soil Properties; Slopes; Zones; Fluctuations; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Columbia R.; INE, USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford Site ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Passive measurement of nitrogen oxides to assess traffic-related pollutant exposure for the East Bay Children's Respiratory Health Study AN - 19429068; 5890928 AB - The East Bay Children's Respiratory Health Study is examining associations between traffic-related pollutant exposures and respiratory health among children who reside and attend schools at varied proximity to northern California freeways. Chronic exposures are being inferred from outdoor pollutant concentrations at neighborhood schools. This paper reports primarily weeklong integrated NO sub(2) and NO sub(X) concentrations measured with passive samplers placed outside at 10 elementary schools during 14 weeks in spring and 8 weeks in fall 2001. Measurements were also made outside selected student residences to examine spatial variability within three school neighborhoods. Regional concentrations of NO sub(2) and NO sub(X) varied widely from week to week. School site data were normalized to measurements at a nearby regional monitoring station to facilitate analysis of relative pollutant exposures at the neighborhood schools. Normalized concentrations were consistent at each school throughout the study. Schools located upwind or far downwind of freeways were generally indistinguishable from one another and regional pollution levels. For school and neighborhood sites within 350 m downwind of a freeway, concentrations increased with decreasing downwind distance. The highest normalized concentrations occurred at a school located directly adjacent to a major freeway and a shopping center. In this case, normalized NO sub(2) and NO sub(X) were similar to 60% and similar to 100% higher than regional background levels. At three schools within 130-230 m downwind of a freeway, normalized NO sub(2) and NO sub(X) were similar to 20-30% and similar to 50-80% higher than regional levels. Validation testing of the passive samplers indicated precision of better than 5% for both NO sub(2) and NO sub(X) when samplers were deployed outside for 1-week periods. Passive sampler results agreed with co-located chemiluminescence measurements to within 8% for NO sub(2) and 3% for NO sub(X). JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Singer, B C AU - Hodgson, A T AU - Hotchi, T AU - Kim, J J AD - E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Atmospheric Sciences Department, MS 51-208, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, bcsinger@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 393 EP - 403 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherla