TY - JOUR T1 - The nature of red luminescence of natural benitoite BaTiSi (sub 3) O (sub 9) AN - 840347006; 2011-010474 AB - This work examines the red luminescence of benitoite studied by laser-induced time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy. This method allows the differentiation between luminescence centres of similar emission wavelengths, but different decay times. We have also examined the luminescence intensity and decay time as a function of temperature. We found that the red emission of benitoite consists of two individual bands and one line and suggest that the activators of luminescence in benitoite system are Ti (super 3+) and a d (super 3) element, namely Cr (super 3+) or Mn (super 4+) . JF - Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Gaft, M AU - Nagli, L AU - Waychunas, G AU - Panczer, G A2 - Libowitzky, E. A2 - Beran, A. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 33 EP - 44 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna VL - 85 IS - 1-2 SN - 0930-0708, 0930-0708 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - California KW - luminescence KW - laser methods KW - natural materials KW - benitoite KW - spectra KW - emission spectra KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/840347006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=The+nature+of+red+luminescence+of+natural+benitoite+BaTiSi+%28sub+3%29+O+%28sub+9%29&rft.au=Gaft%2C+M%3BNagli%2C+L%3BWaychunas%2C+G%3BPanczer%2C+G&rft.aulast=Gaft&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=09300708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00710-005-0100-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/105515/?p=c02f999ba89b49809d3dcdd17ca3d775&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom | Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MIPEE9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benitoite; California; emission spectra; laser methods; luminescence; natural materials; silicates; spectra; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00710-005-0100-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shielding and fragmentation studies. AN - 70171148; 16604611 AB - Radiation dosimetry for manned spaced missions depends on the ability to adequately describe the process of high-energy ion transport through many materials. Since the types of possible nuclear interactions are many and complex, transport models are used which depend upon a reliable source of experimental data. To expand the heavy ion database used in the models we have been measuring charge-changing cross sections and fragment production cross sections from heavy-ion interactions in various elementa targets. These include materials flown on space missions such as carbon and aluminium, as well as those important in radiation dosimetry such as hydrogen, nitrogen and water. Measuring heavy-ion fragmentation through these targets also gives us the ability to determine the effectiveness of new materials proposed for shielding such as graphite composites and polyethylene hybrids. Measurement without a target present gives an indication of the level of contamination of the primary beam, which is also important in radiobiology experiments. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Zeitlin, C AU - Guetersloh, S AU - Heilbronn, L AU - Miller, J AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS74-197, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. cjzeitlin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 123 EP - 124 VL - 116 IS - 1-4 Pt 2 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - Materials Testing KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Heavy Ions KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Construction Materials -- analysis KW - Cosmic Radiation KW - Spacecraft KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Radiation Protection -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70171148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Shielding+and+fragmentation+studies.&rft.au=Zeitlin%2C+C%3BGuetersloh%2C+S%3BHeilbronn%2C+L%3BMiller%2C+J&rft.aulast=Zeitlin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=1-4+Pt+2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-05 N1 - Date created - 2006-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of secondary neutron production relevant to shielding in space. AN - 70158263; 16604615 AB - An overview of experimental secondary neutron measurements relevant to space-related activities is presented. Stopping target yields and cross section measurements conducted at particle accelerators using heavy ions with energies > 100 MeV per nucleon are discussed. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Heilbronn, L AU - Nakamura, T AU - Iwata, Y AU - Kurosawa, T AU - Iwase, H AU - Townsend, L W AD - MS 74-197, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. LHHeilbronn@LBL.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 140 EP - 143 VL - 116 IS - 1-4 Pt 2 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - Materials Testing KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Neutrons KW - Heavy Ions KW - Radiation Protection -- methods KW - Construction Materials -- analysis KW - Spacecraft -- instrumentation KW - Cosmic Radiation KW - Radiometry -- methods KW - Radiation Protection -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70158263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Overview+of+secondary+neutron+production+relevant+to+shielding+in+space.&rft.au=Heilbronn%2C+L%3BNakamura%2C+T%3BIwata%2C+Y%3BKurosawa%2C+T%3BIwase%2C+H%3BTownsend%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Heilbronn&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=1-4+Pt+2&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-05 N1 - Date created - 2006-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Screening for the expression of soluble recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. AN - 68894284; 16350950 AB - Protein expression and purification have traditionally been time-consuming, case-specific endeavors, and are considered to be the greatest bottlenecks in most proteomics pipelines. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most convenient and cost-effective host, although optimal conditions for the expression of different proteins vary widely. Proteins vary in their structural stability, solubility, and toxicity in this environment, resulting in differing rates of protein degradation, formation into insoluble inclusion bodies, and cell death, thus affecting the amount of soluble protein that can be obtained from E. coli grown in culture. To take full advantage of a variety of strategies developed to improve the expression of soluble protein in E. coli, an easy, rapid means to test many growth parameters is necessary. This chapter describes a dot-blot expression screen to test the effects of growth and induction parameters on the yield of soluble protein. The expression screen is used to detect hexahistidine-tagged proteins expressed in E. coli; however, it is adaptable for the detection of other affinity tags or fusion partners that have suitable antibodies available. In this example, induction time and temperature are tested; however, it can be used to test additional parameters, such as affinity tag type and placement, E. coli host type, and growth medium formulations. JF - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) AU - Doyle, Sharon A AD - Proteomics Group, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 115 EP - 121 VL - 310 SN - 1064-3745, 1064-3745 KW - His-His-His-His-His-His KW - 0 KW - Oligopeptides KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Histidine KW - 4QD397987E KW - Index Medicus KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- metabolism KW - Immunoblotting -- methods KW - Animals KW - Protein Engineering KW - Recombinant Fusion Proteins -- genetics KW - Gene Expression KW - Escherichia coli -- metabolism KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/68894284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Methods+in+molecular+biology+%28Clifton%2C+N.J.%29&rft.atitle=Screening+for+the+expression+of+soluble+recombinant+protein+in+Escherichia+coli.&rft.au=Doyle%2C+Sharon+A&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=310&rft.issue=&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Methods+in+molecular+biology+%28Clifton%2C+N.J.%29&rft.issn=10643745&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-01-23 N1 - Date created - 2005-12-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A passive-discrete water sampler for monitoring seepage. AN - 67457348; 15726931 AB - This paper presents the design of the passive-discrete water sampler (PDWS) which has been developed to facilitate investigations of flow partitioning in fractured rocks. The PDWS continuously isolates seeping water into discrete samples while monitoring the seepage rate. The PDWS was used in a flow and transport experiment that investigated fracture-matrix interactions. During the experiment, a mix of conservative tracers with significantly different diffusion coefficients (lithium bromide [LiBr] and pentafluorobenzoic acid [PFBA]) was introduced along a fault located in fractured tuffs, and water seeping through the lower end of the fault was collected by the PDWS and analyzed for tracer concentrations. Preliminary results from this investigation show that samples of effluent captured by the PDWS effectively retained temporal changes in the chemical signature, while providing seepage rates. JF - Ground water AU - Salve, Rohit AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop 14-116, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. r_salve@lbl.gov PY - 2005 SP - 133 EP - 137 VL - 43 IS - 1 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Benzoates KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive KW - pentafluorobenzoic acid KW - 602-94-8 KW - Lithium Chloride KW - G4962QA067 KW - Index Medicus KW - Lithium Chloride -- analysis KW - Benzoates -- analysis KW - Water Movements KW - Water Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67457348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Iron+oxyhydroxide+mineralization+by+microbes+in+terrestrial+environments&rft.au=Chan%2C+C+S%3BFakra%2C+S%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-08 N1 - Date created - 2005-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Competitive sorption of cadmium and lead in acid soils of central Spain AN - 51754052; 2005-013906 AB - The bioavailability and ultimate fate of heavy metals in the environment are controlled by chemical sorption. To assess competitive sorption of Pb and Cd, batch equilibrium experiments (generating sorption isotherms) and kinetics sorption studies were performed using single and binary metal solutions in surface samples of four soils from central Spain. For comparisons between soils, as well as, single and binary metal solutions, soil chemical processes were characterized using the Langmuir equation, ionic strength, and an empirical power function for kinetic sorption. In addition, soil pH and clay mineralogy were used to explain observed sorption processes. Sorption isotherms were well described by the Langmuir equation and the sorption kinetics were well described by an empirical power function within the reaction times in this study. Soils with higher pH and clay content (characterized by having smectite) had the greatest sorption capacity as estimated by the maximum sorption parameter (Q) of the Langmuir equation. All soils exhibited greater sorption capacity for Pb than Cd and the presence of both metals reduced the tendency for either to be sorbed although Cd sorption was affected to a greater extent than that of Pb. The Langmuir binding strength parameter (k) was always greater for Pb than for Cd. However, these k values tended to increase as a result of the simultaneous presence of both metals that may indicate competition for sorption sites promoting the retention of both metals on more specific sorption sites. The kinetic experiments showed that Pb sorption is initially faster than Cd sorption from both single and binary solutions although the simultaneous presence of both metals affected the sorption of Cd at short times while only a minor effect was observed on Pb. The estimated exponents of the kinetic function were in all cases smaller for Pb than for Cd, likely due to diffusion processes into micropores or interlayer space of the clay minerals which occurs more readily for Cd than Pb. Finally, the overall sorption processes of Pb and Cd in the smectitic soil with the highest sorption capacity of the studied soils are slower than in the rest of the soils with a clay mineralogy dominated by kaolinite and illite, exhibiting these soils similar sorption rates. These results demonstrate a significant interaction between Pb and Cd sorption when both metals are present that depends on important soil properties such as the clay mineralogy. JF - Geoderma AU - Serrano, S AU - Garrido, F AU - Campbell, C G AU - Garcia-Gonzalez, M T Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 91 EP - 104 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 124 IS - 1-2 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - sorption KW - Spain KW - data processing KW - lead KW - Europe KW - bioavailability KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - MINTEQA2 KW - Southern Europe KW - laboratory studies KW - Caceres Spain KW - Madrid Spain KW - digital simulation KW - Extremadura Spain KW - cadmium KW - acidic composition KW - Langmuir equation KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - pollution KW - isotherms KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51754052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Competitive+sorption+of+cadmium+and+lead+in+acid+soils+of+central+Spain&rft.au=Serrano%2C+S%3BGarrido%2C+F%3BCampbell%2C+C+G%3BGarcia-Gonzalez%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Serrano&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geoderma.2004.04.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; bioavailability; Caceres Spain; cadmium; data processing; digital simulation; Europe; experimental studies; Extremadura Spain; geochemistry; heavy metals; Iberian Peninsula; isotherms; kinetics; laboratory studies; Langmuir equation; lead; Madrid Spain; metals; MINTEQA2; pH; pollution; soils; sorption; Southern Europe; Spain; theoretical models; toxic materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.04.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New advances in three dimensional transient electromagnetic inversion AN - 51747574; 2005-019895 JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Commer, Michael Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 5 EP - 32 PB - Blackwell Science for the Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 160 IS - 1 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - electrical conductivity KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - electromagnetic field KW - algorithms KW - TEM data KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51747574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=New+advances+in+three+dimensional+transient+electromagnetic+inversion&rft.au=Newman%2C+Gregory+A%3BCommer%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-246X.2004.02468.x L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic field; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; TEM data; three-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02468.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geohydromechanical processes in the excavation damaged zone in crystalline rock, rock salt, and indurated and plastic clays-in the context of radioactive waste disposal AN - 51746525; 2005-021834 AB - The creation of an excavation disturbed zone (EdZ) or excavation damaged zone (EDZ) is expected around all man-made openings in geologic formations. Macro- and micro-fracturing, and in general a redistribution of in situ stresses and rearrangement of rock structures, will occur in this zone, resulting in drastic changes of permeability to flow, mainly through the fractures and cracks induced by excavation. The EDZ may have significant implications for the operation and long-term performance of an underground nuclear waste repository. Various issues of concern need to be evaluated, such as processes creating fractures in the EDZ, the degree of permeability increase, and the potential for sealing or healing (with permeability reduction) in the zone. In recent years, efforts along these lines have been made for a potential repository in four rock types-crystalline rock, salt, indurated clay, and plastic clay-and these efforts have involved field, laboratory, and theoretical studies. The present work involves a synthesis of the ideas and issues that emerged from presentations and discussions on EDZ in these four rock types at a CLUSTER Conference and Workshop held in Luxembourg in November 2003. First, definitions of excavation disturbed and EDZs, that may be applicable to all four rock types, are proposed. Then, an approach is suggested for the synthesis and intercomparison of geohydromechanical processes in the EDZ for crystalline rock, salt, indurated clay, and plastic clay. Comparison tables of relevant processes, associated factors, and modelling and testing techniques are developed. A discussion of the general state-of-the-art and outstanding issues is also presented. A substantial bibliography of relevant papers on the subject is supplied at the end of the paper. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Bernier, F AU - Davies, C Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 109 EP - 125 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 42 IS - 1 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - halides KW - high-level waste KW - underground space KW - stress KW - mechanical properties KW - excavations KW - halite KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - sedimentary rocks KW - claystone KW - crystalline rocks KW - chlorides KW - waste disposal KW - plasticity KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51746525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Geohydromechanical+processes+in+the+excavation+damaged+zone+in+crystalline+rock%2C+rock+salt%2C+and+indurated+and+plastic+clays-in+the+context+of+radioactive+waste+disposal&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BBernier%2C+F%3BDavies%2C+C&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2004.08.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorides; clastic rocks; claystone; crystalline rocks; excavations; halides; halite; high-level waste; mechanical properties; plasticity; radioactive waste; rock mechanics; sedimentary rocks; stress; underground disposal; underground space; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.08.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular-scale processes involving nanoparticulate minerals in biogeochemical systems AN - 51646373; 2006-007900 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Banfield, Jillian F A2 - Banfield, Jillian F. A2 - Cervini-Silva, Javiera A2 - Nealson, Kenneth M. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 109 EP - 155 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 59 IS - 1 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - crystal structure KW - hematite KW - oxides KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - transmission electron microscopy KW - corrosion KW - surface properties KW - organic minerals KW - pollutants KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - grain size KW - fines KW - photochemistry KW - molecular biology KW - TEM data KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - semiconductors KW - bacteria KW - nanoparticles KW - minerals KW - microorganisms KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51646373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Molecular-scale+processes+involving+nanoparticulate+minerals+in+biogeochemical+systems&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Molecular geomicrobiology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 239 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; corrosion; crystal structure; fines; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; grain size; halogenated hydrocarbons; hematite; microorganisms; minerals; molecular biology; nanoparticles; organic compounds; organic minerals; oxides; photochemistry; pollutants; semiconductors; surface properties; TEM data; transmission electron microscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cosmogenic, radiogenic, and stable isotopic constraints on groundwater residence time in the Nubian Aquifer, Western Desert of Egypt AN - 51622738; 2006-020258 AB - Measurements of radiochlorine ( (super 36) Cl), radiogenic noble gases ( (super 4) He and (super 40) Ar), and stable chlorine isotope ratios were obtained to assess the residence time of groundwater in the Nubian Aquifer of the Western Desert of Egypt. Measured (super 36) Cl/Cl ratios yield apparent residence times from approximately 0.2 to 1.2X10 (super 6) years in the deep (600-1200 m) groundwater (assuming constant Cl) and < or =0.16X10 (super 6) years in the shallow (<600 m) groundwater. Values of delta (super 37) Cl in the groundwater strengthen the application of the (super 36) Cl dating method by constraining Cl sources and identifying groundwater mixing. Dissolved gases were measured in some of the deep groundwater samples. Measured (super 4) He concentrations indicate accumulation of radiogenic (super 4) He that is qualitatively consistent with the age progression indicated by the (super 36) Cl/Cl ratios, but the flux of external (super 4) He from the underlying crust has not been quantified and is not constant throughout the aquifer. Concentrations of (super 40) Ar range from 3.3 to 6.7X10 (super -4) ccSTP/g and indicate excess air incorporation at recharge. Measured (super 40) Ar/ (super 36) Ar ratios do not exceed the atmospheric ratio. A two-dimensional numerical hydrodynamic transect of the aquifer was modeled from the area of the Uweinat Uplift to the northern Bahariya Oasis. Predicted groundwater velocities in the deep portion of the aquifer are 0.5-3.5 m/yr with groundwater residence times up to 9X10 (super 5) years; residence times up to 1.3X10 (super 6) years are predicted in the confining shale. Aquifer properties are estimated by using the model to fit the measured (super 36) Cl/Cl ratios. Under these conditions, hydrodynamic residence times are within about 30% of those calculated from (super 36) Cl when mixing of Cl- is accounted for in the highest-Cl- deep groundwaters. By mutually calibrating multiple methods (hydrodynamic, (super 36) Cl, and (super 4) He), a consistent picture of the Nubian Aquifer has emerged in which lateral flow from a southern recharge area dominates the deep horizons, while shallow horizons contain younger, autochthonous recharge. JF - Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems - G3 AU - Patterson, Leslie J AU - Sturchio, Neil C AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - van Soest, Matthias C AU - Sultan, Mohamed AU - Lu, Zheng-Tian AU - Lehmann, Bernhard AU - Purtschert, Roland AU - El Alfy, Zeinhom AU - El Kaliouby, Baher AU - Dawood, Yehia AU - Abdallah, Ali Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 19 PB - American Geophysical Union and The Geochemical Society VL - 6 IS - 1 KW - Nile Valley KW - North Africa KW - isotopes KW - halogens KW - cosmogenic elements KW - stable isotopes KW - Kharga Oasis KW - ground water KW - Bahariya Oasis KW - Uweinat Uplift KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Ar-40/Ar-36 KW - Ar-40 KW - noble gases KW - age KW - helium KW - chlorine KW - isotope ratios KW - Nubian Aquifer KW - Cl-36 KW - Cl-37 KW - Western Desert KW - argon KW - Egypt KW - residence time KW - Africa KW - He-4/He-3 KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51622738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemistry%2C+Geophysics%2C+Geosystems+-+G3&rft.atitle=Cosmogenic%2C+radiogenic%2C+and+stable+isotopic+constraints+on+groundwater+residence+time+in+the+Nubian+Aquifer%2C+Western+Desert+of+Egypt&rft.au=Patterson%2C+Leslie+J%3BSturchio%2C+Neil+C%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3Bvan+Soest%2C+Matthias+C%3BSultan%2C+Mohamed%3BLu%2C+Zheng-Tian%3BLehmann%2C+Bernhard%3BPurtschert%2C+Roland%3BEl+Alfy%2C+Zeinhom%3BEl+Kaliouby%2C+Baher%3BDawood%2C+Yehia%3BAbdallah%2C+Ali&rft.aulast=Patterson&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemistry%2C+Geophysics%2C+Geosystems+-+G3&rft.issn=1525-2027&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GC000779 L2 - http://g-cubed.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; age; Ar-40; Ar-40/Ar-36; argon; Bahariya Oasis; chlorine; Cl-36; Cl-37; cosmogenic elements; Egypt; ground water; halogens; He-4/He-3; helium; isotope ratios; isotopes; Kharga Oasis; Nile Valley; noble gases; North Africa; Nubian Aquifer; radioactive isotopes; residence time; stable isotopes; Uweinat Uplift; Western Desert DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GC000779 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electromagnetic fields in a steel-cased borehole AN - 51618950; 2006-014473 JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Lee, Ki Ha AU - Kim, Hee Joon AU - Uchida, Toshihiro Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 13 EP - 21 PB - EAGE (European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers), Houten VL - 53 IS - 1-2 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - petroleum engineering KW - numerical models KW - crosshole methods KW - well-logging KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - equations KW - magnetic field KW - finite element analysis KW - conductivity KW - boreholes KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - symmetry KW - electromagnetic field KW - wave dispersion KW - amplitude KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51618950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Electromagnetic+fields+in+a+steel-cased+borehole&rft.au=Lee%2C+Ki+Ha%3BKim%2C+Hee+Joon%3BUchida%2C+Toshihiro&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Ki&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0016-8025&site=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPPRAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; boreholes; conductivity; crosshole methods; data processing; elastic waves; electromagnetic field; equations; finite element analysis; magnetic field; mathematical methods; numerical models; petroleum engineering; reservoir properties; symmetry; wave dispersion; well-logging ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Biogeochemical modeling of reactive transport applied to laboratory and field studies on jet-fuel contamination AN - 51611576; 2006-027897 JF - International workshop on Saturated and unsaturated zone; integration of process knowledge into effective models; COST Action 629, working groups 3 and 4 AU - Aagaard, Per AU - Knudsen, J B S AU - Klonowski, M R AU - Breedveld, G AU - Zheng, Z AU - Nuetzmann, Gunnar AU - Viotti, Paolo Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - Springer, New York, NY SN - 3540267441 KW - contaminant plumes KW - observation wells KW - Europe KW - simulation KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - Oslo International Airport KW - nitrate ion KW - kinetics KW - diffusivity KW - PHREEQC KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - Western Europe KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - Oslo Norway KW - petroleum products KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - jet fuel KW - hydrocarbons KW - Monod kinetics KW - Norway KW - Gardermoen Aquifer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51611576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Aagaard%2C+Per%3BKnudsen%2C+J+B+S%3BKlonowski%2C+M+R%3BBreedveld%2C+G%3BZheng%2C+Z%3BNuetzmann%2C+Gunnar%3BViotti%2C+Paolo&rft.aulast=Aagaard&rft.aufirst=Per&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=3540267441&rft.btitle=Biogeochemical+modeling+of+reactive+transport+applied+to+laboratory+and+field+studies+on+jet-fuel+contamination&rft.title=Biogeochemical+modeling+of+reactive+transport+applied+to+laboratory+and+field+studies+on+jet-fuel+contamination&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International workshop on Saturated and unsaturated zone; integration of process knowledge into effective models; COST Action 629, working groups 3 and 4 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty in groundwater flow simulations caused by multiple modeling approaches, at the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory, Japan AN - 51599462; 2006-037409 AB - The uncertainties in assessing groundwater flow through fractured granitic rock are evaluated by comparing the results of multiple hydrogeological modeling approaches. Most model-comparison studies specify a conceptual model (processes, properties, initial and boundary conditions) for the hydrogeological problem at hand and compare different numerical approaches. Here, in contrast, we provided five modeling groups with site characterization data obtained from the surface-based investigation phase at and around an underground research laboratory construction site in the Tono area of Gifu prefecture, Japan, and instructed them to develop their own conceptual models for flow and transport through the subsurface. Defined performance measures (PMs) calculated from the numerical simulations of each model are compared. Results that are consistent among the different models identify an aspect of the hydrogeologic problem that is well characterized, whereas results that vary greatly between models indicate a highly uncertain parameter or process. Thus, major uncertainties arising at the stage of site characterization can be identified. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Sawada, Atsushi AU - Saegusa, Hiromitsu AU - Ijiri, Yuji Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 91 EP - 101 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - Far East KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - plutonic rocks KW - Tsukiyoshi Fault KW - Asia KW - uncertainty KW - migration KW - Tono Japan KW - lineaments KW - numerical models KW - Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory KW - advection KW - porosity KW - models KW - Toki Granite KW - theoretical models KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Honshu KW - waste disposal KW - Japan KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51599462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+in+groundwater+flow+simulations+caused+by+multiple+modeling+approaches%2C+at+the+Mizunami+Underground+Research+Laboratory%2C+Japan&rft.au=Sawada%2C+Atsushi%3BSaegusa%2C+Hiromitsu%3BIjiri%2C+Yuji&rft.aulast=Sawada&rft.aufirst=Atsushi&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM10 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, block diags., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; Asia; Far East; fractures; granites; ground water; Honshu; hydraulic conductivity; igneous rocks; Japan; lineaments; migration; Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory; models; numerical models; plutonic rocks; porosity; preferential flow; radioactive waste; simulation; theoretical models; Toki Granite; Tono Japan; Tsukiyoshi Fault; uncertainty; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of non-Fickian transport in fractured formations AN - 51599436; 2006-037403 AB - Non-Fickian (or anomalous) transport of contaminants arises naturally, at both laboratory and field scales, for a wide range of fractured and heterogeneous geological formations. Over many years, the advection-dispersion equation (ADE) and a range of ensemble-average or homogenization variants have been considered, developed, and applied to modeling of transport in such systems. In general, however, these methods are intrinsically and fundamentally not suited to account for anomalous transport features, and fits to actual measurements are often inadequate. We examine how continuous-time random-walk (CTRW) formulations represent a general and effective means by which to quantify non-Fickian transport. The CTRW approach thoroughly accounts for observations, and is based on a physical picture of contaminant motion that is consistent with the geometric and hydraulic characterization of the fractured formation. We examine the conceptual picture and mathematical development of the CTRW framework and consider specific applications to fractured systems. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Berkowitz, Brian AU - Scher, Harvey Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 23 EP - 31 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - fractured materials KW - pollutants KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - fluid dynamics KW - concepts KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - aquifers KW - spatial distribution KW - fractures KW - transport KW - movement KW - tracers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51599436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+non-Fickian+transport+in+fractured+formations&rft.au=Berkowitz%2C+Brian%3BScher%2C+Harvey&rft.aulast=Berkowitz&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM04 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; concepts; equations; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; fractures; geometry; ground water; mathematical models; movement; pollutants; spatial distribution; tracers; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical and numerical study of flow at the interface of porous media AN - 51598842; 2006-037407 AB - A solution to the problem of laminar flow above a porous surface is essential when investigating phenomena such as erosion, re-suspension, or mass transfer between the porous media and the flow above it. Previous studies have provided theoretical, experimental, and numerical insight, but failed to provide a general, useful tool for predicting the macroscopic flow in domains that involve an interface between porous regions and free flow regions. Many studies have used the Brinkman equation, while others have shown that it does not represent the actual flow conditions at the interface. In this paper, we show that the interface macroscopic velocity can be modeled by introducing a modification to the Brinkman equation. A moving average approach was proved to be successful when choosing the correct representative elementary volume and comparing the macroscopic solution with the average microscopic flow. As the size of the representative elementary volume was found to be equal to the product of the square root of the permeability and an exponential function of the porosity, a closed solution is now available. The macroscopic model was developed while considering a 2D porous media made of multiple parallel grooves. The model was then applied using a 3D porous media, which has, in the horizontal plane, a shape of the fractal set "Sierpinski Carpet." Given the properties of the porous media (porosity and permeability), the flow height, the fluid viscosity, and its driving force, a complete macroscopic solution of the interface flow is obtained. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Rosenzweig, Ravid AU - Shavit, Uri Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 65 EP - 80 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - erosion KW - suspension KW - prediction KW - porous materials KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - geometry KW - viscosity KW - volume KW - velocity KW - theoretical models KW - laminar flow KW - mass transfer KW - Brinkman equation KW - fractals KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51598842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Theoretical+and+numerical+study+of+flow+at+the+interface+of+porous+media&rft.au=Rosenzweig%2C+Ravid%3BShavit%2C+Uri&rft.aulast=Rosenzweig&rft.aufirst=Ravid&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM08 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brinkman equation; erosion; fluid dynamics; fractals; geometry; laminar flow; mass transfer; numerical models; permeability; porosity; porous materials; prediction; preferential flow; suspension; theoretical models; three-dimensional models; velocity; viscosity; volume DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of single and multiphase flow in fractured porous media, using a percolation approach AN - 51598762; 2006-037404 AB - Fractures and fracture networks determine the permeability of many natural rocks, and their behavior has generated interest in various fields [Sahimi, 1995; Adler and Thovert, 1999; Berkowitz, 2002]. This interest has simultaneously a fundamental and an applied character, since many applications are crucial for industries such as petroleum and waste storage. The general objective of our studies in this field is to describe and understand the transport properties of fractured media, beginning with the obvious point that fluids flow preferentially through fractures when those fractures are open. We shall distinguish between fracture networks, in which fluids flow only along fractures, and fractured porous media, in which fluids flow simultaneously along fractures and through the porous medium existing between the fractures. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Adler, P M AU - Mourzenko, V V AU - Thovert, J F AU - Bogdanov, I Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 33 EP - 41 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - hydrology KW - three-dimensional models KW - porous materials KW - mechanical properties KW - equations KW - preferential flow KW - fracturing KW - fluid dynamics KW - geometry KW - transport KW - mathematical methods KW - volume KW - multiphase flow KW - percolation KW - single-phase flow KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51598762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Study+of+single+and+multiphase+flow+in+fractured+porous+media%2C+using+a+percolation+approach&rft.au=Adler%2C+P+M%3BMourzenko%2C+V+V%3BThovert%2C+J+F%3BBogdanov%2C+I&rft.aulast=Adler&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM05 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - equations; fluid dynamics; fracturing; geometry; hydrology; mathematical methods; mechanical properties; multiphase flow; percolation; permeability; porous materials; preferential flow; single-phase flow; three-dimensional models; transport; volume DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting fractured zones in the Culebra Dolomite AN - 51598430; 2006-037410 AB - Fracturing in the Culebra Dolomite Member of the Permian Rustler Formation exhibits a high degree of spatial variability in the vicinity of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in southeastern New Mexico. The WIPP is the U.S. Department of Energy's deep geological repository for transuranic and mixed wastes resulting from the nation's defense programs. The WIPP repository is located 655 m below ground surface in bedded halite of the Permian Salado Formation, which underlies the Rustler and Culebra. Culebra transmissivities (T's) in the vicinity of the WIPP vary over six orders of magnitude, with higher T's (log (sub 10) T (m (super 2) /s) > -5.4) reflecting zones of well-interconnected fractures. We develop, test, and refine a conceptual model for predicting fracture zones within the Culebra. We define three regional-scale controls on Culebra fracturing, including the dissolution of salt from below the Culebra, the presence of halite above and below the Culebra, and overburden thickness. We also identify two local-scale controls on Culebra fracture zones including fracture-filling cements and localized deformation due to ductile flow of the mudstone that underlies the Culebra. The spatial distribution of the regional-scale controls is easily predicted. However, the influence of local controls can only be uniquely identified in hydraulic test data. A drilling program initiated in 2003 tests aspects of this conceptual model and leads to minor revisions of our conceptual understanding of the geologic controls on fracturing in the Culebra. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Holt, Robert M AU - Beauheim, Richard L AU - Powers, Dennis W Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 103 EP - 115 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - United States KW - halides KW - Eddy County New Mexico KW - Rustler Formation KW - New Mexico KW - fracturing KW - solution KW - radioactive waste KW - spatial distribution KW - spatial variations KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chlorides KW - drilling KW - cement KW - Waste Isolation Pilot Plant KW - Culebra Dolomite Member KW - Salado Formation KW - ductile deformation KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - overburden KW - mudstone KW - sulfates KW - Paleozoic KW - connectivity KW - prediction KW - deformation KW - Permian KW - evaporites KW - halite KW - Upper Permian KW - fracture zones KW - drawdown KW - transmissivity KW - heterogeneous materials KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - salt KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51598430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Predicting+fractured+zones+in+the+Culebra+Dolomite&rft.au=Holt%2C+Robert+M%3BBeauheim%2C+Richard+L%3BPowers%2C+Dennis+W&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM11 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., strat. cols., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cement; chemically precipitated rocks; chlorides; clastic rocks; connectivity; Culebra Dolomite Member; deformation; drawdown; drilling; ductile deformation; Eddy County New Mexico; evaporites; fracture zones; fracturing; halides; halite; heterogeneous materials; mudstone; New Mexico; overburden; Paleozoic; Permian; prediction; radioactive waste; Rustler Formation; Salado Formation; salt; sedimentary rocks; solution; spatial distribution; spatial variations; sulfates; theoretical models; transmissivity; United States; Upper Permian; waste disposal; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Percolation-continuum model of evaporative drying; homogeneous or patchy saturation? AN - 51598398; 2006-037405 AB - Porous rock near the earth's surface often contains more than one fluid phase, and an important case is partial saturation with air and water. We implemented a pore-scale, percolation model coupled with a continuum model for water vapor diffusion in order to create a simulated tomographic image of water distribution within a rock core during drying. As drying proceeds, the initial, continuous water cluster breaks up into smaller and smaller clusters with an increasing surface-area-to-volume ratio. Drying times are a function of the number and location of boundary surfaces, but the surface-area-to-volume ratio is approximately the same for a given saturation. By applying a Voigt volume average of the elastic properties of water-filled and air-filled cells, and by introducing the ad hoc rule that water-filled pores on the air-water interface of a cluster behave in a drained manner, we find elastic moduli as a function of saturation that mimic laboratory experimental data. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Wang, H F AU - Strand, T E AU - Berryman, J G Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 43 EP - 54 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - tomography KW - elastic properties KW - sandstone KW - water vapor KW - fluid phase KW - elastic constants KW - simulation KW - cores KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - percolation KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - air-water interface KW - grain size KW - porous materials KW - bulk modulus KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - evaporation KW - saturation KW - volume KW - air KW - clastic rocks KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51598398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Percolation-continuum+model+of+evaporative+drying%3B+homogeneous+or+patchy+saturation%3F&rft.au=Wang%2C+H+F%3BStrand%2C+T+E%3BBerryman%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM06 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; air-water interface; boundary conditions; bulk modulus; clastic rocks; cores; diffusion; elastic constants; elastic properties; evaporation; experimental studies; fluid phase; grain size; laboratory studies; models; percolation; pore water; porous materials; sandstone; saturation; sedimentary rocks; simulation; tomography; volume; water; water vapor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DC resistivity and induced polarization methods AN - 51597975; 2006-036963 JF - Water Science and Technology Library AU - Binley, Andrew AU - Kemna, Andreas A2 - Rubin, Yoram A2 - Hubbard, Susan S. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 129 EP - 156 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 50 SN - 0921-092X, 0921-092X KW - imagery KW - electrical properties KW - spatial data KW - physicochemical properties KW - geophysical methods KW - solutes KW - electrical field KW - hydrogeology KW - resistivity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - electrical sounding KW - sounding KW - induced polarization KW - time domain analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51597975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=DC+resistivity+and+induced+polarization+methods&rft.au=Binley%2C+Andrew%3BKemna%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Binley&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=1402031017&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/r10197/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Hydrogeophysics Advanced Study Institute N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; electrical field; electrical properties; electrical sounding; geophysical methods; ground water; hydrogeology; imagery; induced polarization; physicochemical properties; resistivity; solutes; sounding; spatial data; time domain analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dry-steam wellhead discharges from liquid-dominated geothermal reservoirs; a result of coupled nonequilibrium multiphase fluid and heat flow through fractured rock AN - 51596764; 2006-037415 AB - In many geothermal fields around the world, it is observed that (1) the vertical distribution of fluid pressure in the undisturbed reservoir is approximately liquid-hydrostatic (7-9 kPa per meter of depth), but that (2) when a well is drilled into the reservoir and fluid is withdrawn, the enthalpy (or steam fraction) of the stable fluid discharge is often anomalously high--sometimes the well discharges steam alone. As will be seen, this apparent paradox cannot be explained unless the reservoir is highly heterogeneous on a local scale, with a sharp permeability contrast between the relatively impermeable matrix rock and the "fracture zones" that penetrate it and provide channels for fluid flow. Also, anomalous wellhead discharge enthalpies will not be observed unless two-phase flow of a water/steam mixture is taking place deep within the reservoir itself. Finally, it is noteworthy that this so-called "excess enthalpy effect" is inherently transient in character and discharge enthalpies will eventually decline, although several years may pass before the deterioration in system performance becomes noticeable. Examples of these phenomena as observed in two geothermal fields in Japan are presented. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Pritchett, John W Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 175 EP - 181 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - Onikobe Field KW - Sumikawa Field KW - Far East KW - geothermal wells KW - models KW - Iwate Japan KW - geothermal fields KW - fractures KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - enthalpy KW - fluid pressure KW - heat flow KW - multiphase flow KW - Honshu KW - drilling KW - discharge KW - Asia KW - permeability KW - Japan KW - hydrostatic pressure KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51596764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Reservoir+imaging+using+frequency-dependent+seismic+attributes&rft.au=Goloshubin%2C+G%3BKorneev%2C+V%3BSilin%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Goloshubin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; discharge; drilling; enthalpy; Far East; fluid pressure; fractures; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; geothermal wells; heat flow; Honshu; hydrostatic pressure; Iwate Japan; Japan; models; multiphase flow; Onikobe Field; permeability; Sumikawa Field DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of microbial activity on biodegradation of 2,4,6-tribromophenol and flow in naturally fractured chalk cores AN - 51596242; 2006-037417 AB - Biodegradation of 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) was investigated in low-permeability fractured-chalk cores. Long-term ( approximately 600 days) biodegradation experiments were conducted in two cores ( approximately 21 cm diameter, 31 and 44 cm long, respectively) intersected by a natural fracture. The impact of residence time, oxygen concentration, and chalk characteristics (such as pore size) on biodegradation were evaluated. In addition, the relationship between microbial activity and fracture transmissivity was evaluated. The main limiting factor for TBP biodegradation in these experiments was oxygen availability. Although the matrix pore-size distribution limits microbial activity to the fracture void, which has a relatively low surface area with respect to that of the entire chalk matrix, the chalk appears to provide an excellent environment for biodegradation activity. TBP removal was very slow when the conditions were similar to those expected in contaminated aquitards (natural attenuation). A significant enhancement in TBP removal was achieved by an increase in oxygen concentration within the fracture and faster flow rates, simulating an in situ bioremediation scenario, but at the same time, the fracture's transmissivity was reduced due to bioclogging. Approximately 90% of the TBP removal occurred within 10 cm of the TBP source, even when the residence time was reduced from 305 to 8 minutes and the fracture transmissivity decreased by up to two orders of magnitude (indicating that most of the biodegradation and clogging occurred near the contaminant source). The results obtained from this study suggest that in situ bioremediation can be used to accelerate the removal of organic contaminants in low-permeability fractured rock, if nutrient-delivery pathways within the aquitard are secured. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Arnon, Shai AU - Adar, Eilon M AU - Ronen, Zeev AU - Yakirevich, Alexander AU - Nativ, Ronit Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 195 EP - 207 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquitards KW - porosity KW - cores KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - chalk KW - organic compounds KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transmissivity KW - residence time KW - carbonate rocks KW - permeability KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51596242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+microbial+activity+on+biodegradation+of+2%2C4%2C6-tribromophenol+and+flow+in+naturally+fractured+chalk+cores&rft.au=Arnon%2C+Shai%3BAdar%2C+Eilon+M%3BRonen%2C+Zeev%3BYakirevich%2C+Alexander%3BNativ%2C+Ronit&rft.aulast=Arnon&rft.aufirst=Shai&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM18 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquitards; biodegradation; bioremediation; carbonate rocks; chalk; cores; experimental studies; fractures; ground water; microorganisms; organic compounds; oxygen; permeability; pollutants; pollution; porosity; remediation; residence time; sedimentary rocks; transmissivity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships between the electrical and hydrogeological properties of rocks and soils AN - 51596049; 2006-036962 JF - Water Science and Technology Library AU - Lesmes, David P AU - Friedman, Shmulik P A2 - Rubin, Yoram A2 - Hubbard, Susan S. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 87 EP - 128 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 50 SN - 0921-092X, 0921-092X KW - soils KW - soil mechanics KW - experimental studies KW - electrical properties KW - saturated flow KW - geophysical methods KW - porous materials KW - hydrogeology KW - preferential flow KW - dielectric constant KW - rock mechanics KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - physical properties KW - hydrostratigraphy KW - saturation KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51596049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=Relationships+between+the+electrical+and+hydrogeological+properties+of+rocks+and+soils&rft.au=Lesmes%2C+David+P%3BFriedman%2C+Shmulik+P&rft.aulast=Lesmes&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=1402031017&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/r10197/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Hydrogeophysics Advanced Study Institute N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 120 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; dielectric constant; electrical properties; experimental studies; geophysical methods; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrogeology; hydrostratigraphy; laboratory studies; physical properties; porous materials; preferential flow; rock mechanics; saturated flow; saturation; soil mechanics; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeological methods for estimation of spatial variations in hydraulic conductivity AN - 51595868; 2006-036960 JF - Water Science and Technology Library AU - Butler, James J, Jr A2 - Rubin, Yoram A2 - Hubbard, Susan S. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 23 EP - 58 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 50 SN - 0921-092X, 0921-092X KW - United States KW - tomography KW - solute transport KW - water quality KW - slug tests KW - electrical conductivity KW - floodplains KW - hydrogeology KW - environmental analysis KW - cores KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - pump tests KW - laboratory studies KW - spatial variations KW - saturated zone KW - Lawrence Kansas KW - transport KW - Douglas County Kansas KW - flowmeters KW - Kansas River KW - permeameters KW - water supply KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - resistivity KW - aquifers KW - Kansas KW - fluvial features KW - unconsolidated materials KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51595868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=Hydrogeological+methods+for+estimation+of+spatial+variations+in+hydraulic+conductivity&rft.au=Butler%2C+James+J%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=1402031017&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/r10197/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Hydrogeophysics Advanced Study Institute N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 110 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; cores; Douglas County Kansas; electrical conductivity; environmental analysis; experimental studies; floodplains; flowmeters; fluvial features; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrogeology; Kansas; Kansas River; laboratory studies; Lawrence Kansas; permeameters; pollutants; pollution; pump tests; remediation; resistivity; saturated zone; slug tests; solute transport; spatial variations; tomography; transport; unconsolidated materials; United States; water quality; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulations show potential for strong nonisothermal effects during fluid leakage from a geologic disposal reservoir for CO (sub 2) AN - 51595649; 2006-037408 AB - Leakage of CO (sub 2) from a primary disposal reservoir is presumed to occur along a fault or fracture zone, which has been modeled as a slab of porous and permeable material embedded in wall rocks of negligibly small permeability. Numerical simulations presented here include multiphase flow, boiling of liquid CO (sub 2) , transitions between supercritical and subcritical conditions, phase partitioning between CO (sub 2) and water, and nonisothermal effects. Depressurization of rising CO (sub 2) is found to produce strong cooling. Conductive heat transfer from the impermeable wall rocks is an important aspect of system evolution. Pressure and temperature conditions are drawn towards the critical point of CO (sub 2) and the CO (sub 2) saturation line. The interplay between multiphase flow in the fracture zone and heat conduction perpendicular to it may produce nonmonotonic, quasi-periodic variations in thermodynamic conditions and CO (sub 2) discharges across the land surface. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 81 EP - 89 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - thermal conductivity KW - fluid phase KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - carbon dioxide KW - wall rocks KW - cooling KW - thermodynamic properties KW - P-T conditions KW - water KW - liquid phase KW - migration KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - porous materials KW - geometry KW - fracture zones KW - saturation KW - boiling KW - multiphase flow KW - theoretical models KW - heat transfer KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - fault zones KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51595649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulations+show+potential+for+strong+nonisothermal+effects+during+fluid+leakage+from+a+geologic+disposal+reservoir+for+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM09 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boiling; carbon dioxide; cooling; fault zones; fluid dynamics; fluid phase; fracture zones; gaseous phase; geometry; heat transfer; liquid phase; migration; multiphase flow; numerical models; P-T conditions; permeability; porous materials; preferential flow; saturation; simulation; theoretical models; thermal conductivity; thermodynamic properties; wall rocks; waste disposal; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Do heterogeneous sediment properties and turbulent velocity fluctuations have something in common? Some history and a new stochastic process AN - 51595635; 2006-037402 AB - It is increasingly apparent that sediment property distributions on sufficiently small scales are probably irregular. This has led to the development of stochastic theory in subsurface hydrology, including statistically heterogeneous concepts based mainly on the Gaussian and Levy-stable probability density functions (PDFs), the mathematical basis for stochastic fractals. Gaussian and Levy-stable stochastic fractals have been applied both in the field of turbulence and subsurface hydrology. However, measurements have shown that the increment frequency distributions do not always follow Gaussian or Levy-stable PDFs. Provided herein is an overview of the origin and development of a new non-stationary stochastic process, called fractional Laplace motion (flam) with stationary, correlated, increments called fractional Laplace noise (fLan). It is based on the Laplace PDF and known generalizations, and does not display self-similarity. Uncorrelated versions are equivalent to a Brownian motion subordinated to the gamma process. In analogy to the development of fractional Brownian motion (fBm) from Brownian motion, fLam is equivalent to fBm subordinated to a gamma process. The new stochastic fractal has increment PDFs that compare better with measurements, the moments of the PDF family remain bounded, and decay of the increment distribution tails vary from being slower than exponential through exponential and on to a Gaussian decay as the lag size increases. This leads to increasingly more intermittent fluctuations as the lag size decreases. It may be that the geometric central limit theorem, and possible generalizations, will play an important role in connecting the abstract mathematics to the physics underlying applications. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Molz, Fred J AU - Meerschaert, Mark M AU - Kozubowski, Tom J AU - Hyden, Paul D Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 13 EP - 22 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - heterogeneous materials KW - stochastic processes KW - mathematical methods KW - statistical analysis KW - sediments KW - velocity KW - probability KW - turbulence KW - resistivity KW - fractals KW - permeability KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51595635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Do+heterogeneous+sediment+properties+and+turbulent+velocity+fluctuations+have+something+in+common%3F+Some+history+and+a+new+stochastic+process&rft.au=Molz%2C+Fred+J%3BMeerschaert%2C+Mark+M%3BKozubowski%2C+Tom+J%3BHyden%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Molz&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM03 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fractals; heterogeneous materials; mathematical methods; permeability; probability; resistivity; sediments; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; turbulence; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of hydraulic disturbances caused by the underground rock characterization facility in Olkiluoto, Finland AN - 51595536; 2006-037412 AB - A final repository for spent nuclear fuel is sought in Finland by Posiva (the company responsible for the construction and operation of the final nuclear-waste disposal facility in Finland, http://www.posiva.fi). A part of this project involves an underground rock characterization facility (ONKALO), which will consist of an 8,500 m long and 520 m deep system of tunnels, to be potentially extended with the drifts of the repository. The maximum hydraulic disturbance (water table drawdown, deep saline-water upconing and tunnel inflow) that might result from the construction and operation of the ONKALO facility were assessed by site-scale finite-element simulations. The drawdown was calculated by employing the free-surface approach. Tunnel inflows were obtained from the state of equilibrium, while the evolution of the salinity distribution was simulated using a time-dependent and coupled flow and salt transport model. The simulations showed that without engineering measures to limit inflow of groundwater into the ONKALO facility, the hydraulic disturbances would be significantly greater than with these measures implemented. Most of the inflow (330-1,100 L/min) would come from the conductive subhorizontal fracture zones intersected by the drifts. The water table could sink to a depth of about 200 m, and the depressed area could extend over the Olkiluoto Island. Groundwater salinity (expressed as total dissolved solids [TDS]) could locally rise from 22 g/L to over 50 g/L at the tunnel depth of 520 m. With tight grouting, the simulations showed that the depression in the water table can be confined to the immediate vicinity of the ONKALO, the maximum draw-down of the water table remained around 10 m, and the total inflow to the tunnels was about 20 L/min. Moreover, upconing of the saline water remained moderate. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Lofman, Jari AU - Meszaros, Ferenc Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 129 EP - 149 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 162 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - waste disposal sites KW - grouting KW - Europe KW - salinity KW - simulation KW - Olkiluoto KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - finite element analysis KW - Western Finland Province KW - tunnels KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - Finland KW - mathematical models KW - Eurajoki Finland KW - equilibrium KW - boundary conditions KW - geometry KW - water table KW - Scandinavia KW - fracture zones KW - drawdown KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51595536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+hydraulic+disturbances+caused+by+the+underground+rock+characterization+facility+in+Olkiluoto%2C+Finland&rft.au=Lofman%2C+Jari%3BMeszaros%2C+Ferenc&rft.aulast=Lofman&rft.aufirst=Jari&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM13 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Dynamics of fluids in fractured rock N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; drawdown; equilibrium; Eurajoki Finland; Europe; finite element analysis; Finland; fracture zones; geometry; ground water; grouting; hydraulic conductivity; mathematical models; numerical models; Olkiluoto; radioactive waste; salinity; Scandinavia; simulation; tunnels; waste disposal sites; water table; Western Europe; Western Finland Province DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/162GM13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Navier-Stokes simulations of fluid flow through a rock fracture AN - 51594688; 2006-037406 AB - A surface profilometer was used to measure fracture profiles every 10 microns over the surfaces of a replica of a fracture in a red Permian sandstone, to within an accuracy of a few microns. These surface data were used as input to two finite element codes that solve the Navier-Stokes equations and the Reynolds equation, respectively. Numerical simulations of flow through these measured aperture fields were carried out at different values of the mean aperture, corresponding to different values of the relative roughness. Flow experiments were also conducted in casts of two regions of the fracture. At low Reynolds numbers, the Navier-Stokes simulations yielded transmissivities for the two fracture regions that were closer to the experimental values than were the values predicted by the lubrication model. In general, the lubrication model overestimated the transmissivity by an amount that varied as a function of the relative roughness, defined as the standard deviation of the aperture divided by the mean aperture. The initial deviations from linearity, for Reynolds numbers in the range 1-10, were consistent with the "weak inertia" model developed by Mei and Auriault for porous media, and with the results obtained computationally by Skjetne et al. in 1999 on a two-dimensional self-affine fracture. In the regime 103 mu g/L, and TBA has a drinking water action level of 12 mu g/L. We describe a simple, automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method for the analysis of MTBE and TBA in water. The headspace (HS) of a water sample is extracted with a carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane SPME fiber and the MTBE and TBA are desorbed into a gas chromatograph (GC) and detected using a mass spectrometer (MS). The method is optimized for the routine analysis of MTBE and TBA, with a level of quantitation of 0.3 and 4 mu g/L, respectively, in water. The lower level of detection for MTBE is 0.03 mu g/L using this method. This HS extraction SPME is applicable to the measurement of both MTBE and TBA at concentrations below regulatory action levels. This method was compared with the certified U.S. EPA Method 5030/8260B (purge and trap/GC/MS) using split samples. Results from the SPME-HS/GC/MS method were directly comparable to those from the U.S. EPA Method 5030/8260B. This method provides a simple, inexpensive, accurate, and sensitive alternative to the U.S. EPA Method 5030/8260B for the analysis of MTBE and TBA in water samples. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Stringfellow, William T AU - Oh, Keun-Chan Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 52 EP - 58 PB - Blackwell for National Ground Water Association, Malden, MA VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - methods KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - automated analysis KW - solid phase KW - ethers KW - Clean Air Act KW - California KW - gas chromatography KW - organic compounds KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - community water systems KW - alcohols KW - solid-phase microextraction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51589107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+SPME+headspace+analysis+to+U.+S.+EPA+method+5030%2F8260B+for+MTBE+monitoring&rft.au=Stringfellow%2C+William+T%3BOh%2C+Keun-Chan&rft.aulast=Stringfellow&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; automated analysis; California; Clean Air Act; community water systems; drinking water; ethers; gas chromatography; ground water; methods; methyl tert-butyl ether; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; solid phase; solid-phase microextraction; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Green Mountain clays, 42nd annual meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AN - 51560022; 2006-063555 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Meeting of the Clay Minerals Society AU - Kaplan, Daniel I AU - Demirkanli, Deniz I AU - Duff, Martine AU - Gumapas, Leo AU - Powell, Brian A AU - Fjeld, Robert A AU - Molz, Fred J AU - Serkizi, Steven M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 61 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 42 SN - 1550-2244, 1550-2244 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - processes KW - migration KW - goethite KW - South Carolina KW - pollutants KW - plutonium KW - oxidation KW - clay mineralogy KW - pollution KW - Aiken County South Carolina KW - kaolinite KW - clay minerals KW - Aiken South Carolina KW - hematite KW - metals KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - Savannah River Site KW - actinides KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51560022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.atitle=Green+Mountain+clays%2C+42nd+annual+meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+Daniel+I%3BDemirkanli%2C+Deniz+I%3BDuff%2C+Martine%3BGumapas%2C+Leo%3BPowell%2C+Brian+A%3BFjeld%2C+Robert+A%3BMolz%2C+Fred+J%3BSerkizi%2C+Steven+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Clay+Minerals+Society&rft.issn=15502244&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Green Mountain clays, 42nd annual meeting of the Clay Minerals Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Aiken County South Carolina; Aiken South Carolina; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; goethite; hematite; kaolinite; metals; migration; oxidation; oxides; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; processes; Savannah River Site; sheet silicates; silicates; South Carolina; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for the extinction of mammoths by an extra terrestrial impact event AN - 51541444; 2006-074439 JF - Short Papers and Abstracts - World of Elephants Congress AU - Firestone, Richard B AU - West, Allen A2 - Agenbroad, Larry D. A2 - Symington, R. L. Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 40 EP - 43 PB - World of Elephants International Congress VL - 2 KW - United States KW - geologic hazards KW - Baker New Mexico KW - New Mexico KW - Gainey Michigan KW - Alton Indiana KW - magnetic properties KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Leavitt Michigan KW - Elephantoidea KW - Cenozoic KW - Theria KW - meteorites KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Zander Ontario KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Shoop Pennsylvania KW - extinction KW - Elephantidae KW - particulate materials KW - Mammuthus KW - Eutheria KW - paleoindian KW - Chordata KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - archaeology KW - Quaternary KW - Illinois KW - Mammalia KW - Proboscidea KW - impacts KW - Ontario KW - micrometeorites KW - Canada KW - chert KW - Pleistocene KW - Michigan KW - Vertebrata KW - Pennsylvania KW - Eastern Canada KW - Taylor Illinois KW - Tetrapoda KW - catastrophes KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 11:Vertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51541444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Short+Papers+and+Abstracts+-+World+of+Elephants+Congress&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+the+extinction+of+mammoths+by+an+extra+terrestrial+impact+event&rft.au=Firestone%2C+Richard+B%3BWest%2C+Allen&rft.aulast=Firestone&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Short+Papers+and+Abstracts+-+World+of+Elephants+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2004.06.007 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2nd world of elephants congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06643 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alton Indiana; archaeology; Baker New Mexico; Canada; catastrophes; Cenozoic; chemically precipitated rocks; chert; Chordata; Eastern Canada; Elephantidae; Elephantoidea; Eutheria; extinction; Gainey Michigan; geologic hazards; Illinois; impacts; Indiana; Leavitt Michigan; magnetic properties; Mammalia; Mammuthus; meteorites; Michigan; micrometeorites; New Mexico; Ontario; paleoindian; particulate materials; Pennsylvania; Pleistocene; Proboscidea; Quaternary; sedimentary rocks; sediments; Shoop Pennsylvania; Taylor Illinois; Tetrapoda; Theria; United States; upper Pleistocene; Vertebrata; Zander Ontario ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Amorphization of forsterite grains due to high energy heavy ion irradiation; implications for grain processing in ISM AN - 51485641; 2007-018525 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Bajt, S AU - Baragiola, R A AU - Bringa, E M AU - Bradley, J P AU - Dai, Z R AU - Dukes, C A AU - Felter, T AU - Graham, G A AU - Kucheyev, S O AU - Loeffler, M J AU - Martin, M C AU - Tielens, A AU - Torres, D AU - van Breugel, W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 36 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - irradiation KW - amorphous materials KW - high energy heavy ions KW - interstellar medium KW - olivine group KW - ions KW - infrared spectra KW - forsterite KW - nesosilicates KW - laboratory studies KW - cosmic dust KW - grains KW - orthosilicates KW - spectra KW - amorphization KW - reflectance KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51485641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Amorphization+of+forsterite+grains+due+to+high+energy+heavy+ion+irradiation%3B+implications+for+grain+processing+in+ISM&rft.au=Bajt%2C+S%3BBaragiola%2C+R+A%3BBringa%2C+E+M%3BBradley%2C+J+P%3BDai%2C+Z+R%3BDukes%2C+C+A%3BFelter%2C+T%3BGraham%2C+G+A%3BKucheyev%2C+S+O%3BLoeffler%2C+M+J%3BMartin%2C+M+C%3BTielens%2C+A%3BTorres%2C+D%3Bvan+Breugel%2C+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bajt&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2005/pdf/2342.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-sixth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 20, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphization; amorphous materials; cosmic dust; experimental studies; forsterite; grains; high energy heavy ions; infrared spectra; interstellar medium; ions; irradiation; laboratory studies; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; reflectance; silicates; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy (HREELS) using a monochromated TEM/STEM AN - 51484279; 2007-022216 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Dai, Z R AU - Bradley, J P AU - Erni, R AU - Browning, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 36 KW - high-resolution methods KW - high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy KW - EEL spectra KW - oxygen KW - optical spectra KW - cosmochemistry KW - interplanetary dust KW - valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy KW - cosmic dust KW - stars KW - ice KW - carbon KW - inclusions KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - fluid inclusions KW - spectra KW - HREELS KW - organic carbon KW - spectroscopy KW - VEELS KW - electron energy-loss spectra KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51484279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=High-resolution+electron+energy-loss+spectroscopy+%28HREELS%29+using+a+monochromated+TEM%2FSTEM&rft.au=Dai%2C+Z+R%3BBradley%2C+J+P%3BErni%2C+R%3BBrowning%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2005/pdf/2110.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-sixth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 14, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; cosmic dust; cosmochemistry; EEL spectra; electron energy-loss spectra; fluid inclusions; high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy; high-resolution methods; HREELS; ice; inclusions; interplanetary dust; optical spectra; organic carbon; oxygen; spectra; spectroscopy; stars; ultraviolet spectra; valence electron energy-loss spectroscopy; VEELS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frio Brine Pilot; field validation of numerical simulation of CO (sub 2) storage AN - 50436574; 2009-047716 AB - For the Frio Brine Pilot we injected 1,600 tons of supercritical CO (sub 2) into a brine-saturated formation 1,500 m below surface and measured transport between two wells 30 meters apart though a moderately homogeneous, high permeability (2.5 Darcy) sandstone. Modeling using TOUGH2 with parameters based on detailed study of petrophysics predicted that breakthough of CO (sub 2) to the observation well would occur in 2.5 to 6 days. During the injection phase of the field experiment, breakthough of CO (sub 2) occurred 30 percent earlier than predicted. Logging using the Schlumberger reservoir saturation tool determined that by the fourth day after the initiation of injection, the plume thickness was half what and that saturation in preferred flow zones was higher than had been predicted by the model showing that factors favoring rapid flow such as high permeability zones or gravity override were larger than predicted. As injection continued for 9 days, plume thickness increased by addition of CO (sub 2) in the lower part of the plume, culminating with an observed saturation profile similar to that predicted by the model. CO (sub 2) saturation was variable but was estimated to be in excess of 50% of porosity. Post injection saturation changes observed as CO (sub 2) migrated though the steeply dipping sandstone under gravitational forces appears to reverse the trend observed during injection. Continued observation will yield information about saturation history significant to understanding CO (sub 2) trapping mechanisms. Downhole pressure and temperature proved to be sensitive indicators of plume behavior, showing changes in plume as CO (sub 2) saturation changed before and after breakthough. JF - Abstracts: Annual Meeting - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Hovorka, Susan D AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Sakurai, Shinichi AU - Holtz, Mark AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 14 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - numerical models KW - Frio County Texas KW - Frio Brine Pilot test KW - engineering properties KW - saturated materials KW - injection KW - sandstone KW - Texas KW - gas storage KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - computer programs KW - sedimentary rocks KW - saturation KW - brines KW - clastic rocks KW - storage KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50436574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Frio+Brine+Pilot%3B+field+validation+of+numerical+simulation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage&rft.au=Hovorka%2C+Susan+D%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BSakurai%2C+Shinichi%3BHoltz%2C+Mark%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hovorka&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=A63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG 2005 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06983 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbon dioxide; clastic rocks; computer programs; engineering properties; Frio Brine Pilot test; Frio County Texas; gas storage; injection; numerical models; porosity; reservoir rocks; sandstone; saturated materials; saturation; sedimentary rocks; simulation; storage; Texas; TOUGH2; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanoscale environments associated with bioweathering of a Mg-Fe-pyroxene AN - 50118002; 2010-005301 AB - Microorganisms are believed to create microenvironments leading to reaction products not predictable from equilibrium thermodynamics and to unique biomineral morphologies. Unambiguous evidence for such environments is, however, rare in natural samples. We have used scanning transmission x-ray microscopy and spectromicroscopy at the sub-40-nm scale, coupled with transmission electron microscopy, to examine bioweathering products on a meteoritic Fe-Mg-orthopyroxene colonized by a filamentous microorganism. Our measurements reveal an amorphous Al-rich layer beneath the microorganism, calcium carbonates of unique morphology intimately associated with polysaccharides adjacent to the microorganism, and regions surrounding the microorganism with different iron oxidation states. Our results confirm the presence of different microenvironments at this microorganism-mineral interface and provide unique nanometer-scale views of microbially controlled pyroxene weathering products. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Benzerara, Karim AU - Yoon, Tae Hyun AU - Menguy, Nicolas AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Brown, Gordon E, Jr Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - January 2005 SP - 979 EP - 982 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 102 IS - 4 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - silicates KW - magnesium KW - North Africa KW - iron KW - meteorites KW - pyroxene group KW - hematite KW - aluminum KW - oxides KW - Tunisia KW - bioweathering KW - chain silicates KW - alkaline earth metals KW - oxidation KW - weathering KW - TEM data KW - calcite KW - ultrastructure KW - southern Tunisia KW - biogenic processes KW - X-ray data KW - metals KW - Africa KW - geomorphology KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - microbe-mineral interface KW - microorganisms KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50118002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Nanoscale+environments+associated+with+bioweathering+of+a+Mg-Fe-pyroxene&rft.au=Benzerara%2C+Karim%3BYoon%2C+Tae+Hyun%3BMenguy%2C+Nicolas%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BBrown%2C+Gordon+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Benzerara&rft.aufirst=Karim&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=979&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.0409029102 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; alkaline earth metals; aluminum; biogenic processes; bioweathering; calcite; carbonates; chain silicates; geomorphology; hematite; iron; magnesium; metals; meteorites; microbe-mineral interface; microorganisms; North Africa; oxidation; oxides; pyroxene group; SEM data; silicates; southern Tunisia; TEM data; Tunisia; ultrastructure; weathering; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409029102 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Context, tissue plasticity, and cancer Are tumor stem cells also regulated by the microenvironment? AN - 21270828; 6140451 JF - Cancer Cell AU - Bissell, MJ AU - LaBarge, MA AD - Department Cancer Biology, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mjbissell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 17 EP - 23 PB - Cell Press, 1100 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02138 USA, [mailto:subs@cell.com], [URL:http://www.cellpress.com] VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1535-6108, 1535-6108 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Stem cells KW - Microenvironments KW - Tumors KW - Plasticity KW - Cancer KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Cell&rft.atitle=Context%2C+tissue+plasticity%2C+and+cancer+Are+tumor+stem+cells+also+regulated+by+the+microenvironment%3F&rft.au=Bissell%2C+MJ%3BLaBarge%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Bissell&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Cell&rft.issn=15356108&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ccr.2004.12.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stem cells; Microenvironments; Tumors; Plasticity; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.12.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inclusion of cool roofs in nonresidential Title 24 prescriptive requirements AN - 20526668; 7764498 AB - Roofs that have high solar reflectance (high ability to reflect sunlight) and high thermal emittance (high ability to radiate heat) tend to stay cool in the sun. The same is true of low-emittance roofs with exceptionally high solar reflectance. Substituting a cool roof for a non-cool roof tends to decrease cooling electricity use, cooling power demand, and cooling-equipment capacity requirements, while slightly increasing heating energy consumption. Cool roofs can also lower citywide ambient air temperature in summer, slowing ozone formation and increasing human comfort. DOE-2.1E building energy simulations indicate that use of a cool roofing material on a prototypical California nonresidential (NR) building with a low-sloped roof yields average annual cooling energy savings of approximately 3.2kWh/m2 (300kWh/1000ft2), average annual natural gas deficits of 5.6MJ/m2 (4.9therm/1000ft2), average annual source energy savings of 30MJ/m2 (2.6MBTU/1000ft2), and average peak power demand savings of 2.1W/m2 (0.19kW/1000ft2). The 15-year net present value (NPV) of energy savings averages $4.90/m2 ($450/1000ft2) with time-dependent valuation (TDV), and $4.00/m2 ($370/1000ft2) without TDV. When cost savings from downsizing cooling equipment are included, the average total savings (15-year NPV+equipment savings) rises to $5.90/m2 ($550/1000ft2) with TDV, and to $5.00/m2 ($470/1000ft2) without TDV. Total savings range from 1.90 to 8.30$/m2 (0.18-0.77$/ft2) with TDV, and from 1.70 to 7.10$/m2 (0.16-0.66$/ft2) without TDV, across California's 16 climate zones. The typical cost premium for a cool roof is 0.00-2.20$/m2 (0.00-0.20$/ft2). Cool roofs with premiums up to $2.20/m2 ($0.20/ft2) are expected to be cost effective in climate zones 2-16; those with premiums not exceeding $1.90/m2 ($0.18/ft2) are expected to be also cost effective in climate zone 1. Hence, this study recommends that the year-2005 California building energy efficiency code (Title 24, Part 6 of the California Code of Regulations) for NR buildings with low-sloped roofs include a cool-roof prescriptive requirement in all California climate zones. Buildings with roofs that do not meet prescriptive requirements may comply with the code via an 'overall-envelope' approach (non-metal roofs only), or via a performance approach (all roof types). JF - Energy Policy AU - Levinson, Ronnen AU - Akbari, Hashem AU - Konopacki, Steve AU - Bretz, Sarah AD - Heat Island Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, rmlevinson@LBL.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 151 EP - 170 PB - Elsevier Science, Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Nuclear polyhedrosis virus KW - Energy efficiency KW - air temperature KW - Energy conservation KW - Simulation KW - Energy consumption KW - sunlight KW - Buildings KW - Natural gas KW - energy policy KW - summer KW - USA, California KW - Ozone KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20526668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Inclusion+of+cool+roofs+in+nonresidential+Title+24+prescriptive+requirements&rft.au=Levinson%2C+Ronnen%3BAkbari%2C+Hashem%3BKonopacki%2C+Steve%3BBretz%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Levinson&rft.aufirst=Ronnen&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0301-4215%2803%2900206-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; air temperature; energy policy; Energy conservation; Simulation; summer; Energy consumption; sunlight; Natural gas; Buildings; Ozone; Nuclear polyhedrosis virus; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00206-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a Wet Plume Following Liquid Release along a Fault AN - 19951608; 6495472 AB - To investigate unsaturated flow through a fault located within fractured welded tuff, we performed in situ field experiments in the Exploratory Studies Facility at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. This experiment involved the release of approximately 82000 L water for a period of 17 mo directly into a near-vertical fault under both constant positive head (at about 0.04 m) and decreasing fluxes. As water was released into the fault, changes in moisture content were monitored in the formation while a large cavity excavated below the test bed was visually inspected for seepage. We observed that water (introduced along the fault) maintained the fault as the primary vertical flowpath, while the adjacent fractured rock served to move water laterally and vertically. Further, unlike primary flowpaths along the fault, flow was not persistent along the secondary flowpaths. While this field experiment provided preliminary insights about the flow field associated with a fault, it also demonstrated the need to investigate the role of infill material and secondary fractures in diverting flow from gravity-driven fast flow toward flowpaths in which lateral flow may occur. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Hudson, David AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Wang, Joseph SY AD - MS 14R0108, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94707, R_Salve@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 89 EP - 100 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 4 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Geologic Fractures KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - USA, Nevada KW - Field Tests KW - Seepage KW - Mountains KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Welding KW - Moisture Content KW - seepages KW - Plumes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19951608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Wet+Plume+Following+Liquid+Release+along+a+Fault&rft.au=Salve%2C+Rohit%3BHudson%2C+David%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BWang%2C+Joseph+SY&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=Rohit&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=42%2C+Part+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Welding; seepages; Plumes; Testing Procedures; Geologic Fractures; Unsaturated Flow; Groundwater Pollution; Moisture Content; Field Tests; Seepage; USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt.; USA, Nevada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of polar solvents on the fracture resistance of dentin: role of water hydration AN - 19728941; 7504717 AB - Although healthy dentin is invariably hydrated in vivo, from a perspective of examining the mechanisms of fracture in dentin, it is interesting to consider the role of water hydration. Furthermore, it is feasible that exposure to certain polar solvents, e.g., those found in clinical adhesives, can induce dehydration. In the present study, in vitro deformation and fracture experiments, the latter involving a resistance-curve (R-curve) approach (i.e., toughness evolution with crack extension), were conducted in order to assess changes in the constitutive and fracture behavior induced by three common solvents-acetone, ethanol and methanol. In addition, nanoindentation-based experiments were performed to evaluate the deformation behavior at the level of individual collagen fibers and ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy to evaluate changes in bonding. The results indicate a reversible effect of chemical dehydration, with increased fracture resistance, strength, and stiffness associated with lower hydrogen bonding ability of the solvent. These results are analyzed both in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic toughening phenomena to further understand the micromechanisms of fracture in dentin and the specific role of water hydration. JF - Acta Biomaterialia AU - Nalla, R K AU - Balooch, M AU - Ager III, J W AU - Kruzic, J J AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, R O AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, roritchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 31 EP - 43 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 1742-7061, 1742-7061 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Dentin KW - Fracture toughness KW - R-curve KW - Dehydration KW - Hydrogen bonding KW - Hydration KW - Methanol KW - Solvents KW - Fractures KW - Collagen KW - Fibers KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - U.V. radiation KW - Adhesives KW - Ethanol KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19728941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Biomaterialia&rft.atitle=Effects+of+polar+solvents+on+the+fracture+resistance+of+dentin%3A+role+of+water+hydration&rft.au=Nalla%2C+R+K%3BBalooch%2C+M%3BAger+III%2C+J+W%3BKruzic%2C+J+J%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+R+O&rft.aulast=Nalla&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Biomaterialia&rft.issn=17427061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.actbio.2004.08.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydration; Dentin; Methanol; Fractures; Solvents; Collagen; Raman spectroscopy; Fibers; U.V. radiation; Hydrogen bonding; Adhesives; Dehydration; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2004.08.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ybiv from Escherichia coli K12 is a HAD phosphatase AN - 19286999; 6153059 AB - The protein YbiV from Escherichia coli K12 MG1655 is a hypothetical protein with sequence homology to the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily of proteins. Although numerous members of this family have been identified, the functions of few are known. Using the crystal structure, sequence analysis, and biochemical assays, we have characterized YbiV as a HAD phosphatase. The crystal structure of YbiV reveals a two-domain protein, one with the characteristic HAD hydrolase fold, the other an inserted alpha / beta fold. In an effort to understand the mechanism, we also solved and report the structures of YbiV in complex with beryllofluoride (BeF sub(3) super(-)) and aluminum trifluoride (AlF sub(3)), which have been shown to mimic the phosphorylated intermediate and transition state for hydrolysis, respectively, in analogy to other HAD phosphatases. Analysis of the structures reveals the substrate-binding cavity, which is hydrophilic in nature. Both structure and sequence homology indicate YbiV may be a sugar phosphatase, which is supported by biochemical assays that measured the release of free phosphate on a number of sugar-like substrates. We also investigated available genomic and functional data in an effort to determine the physiological substrate. Proteins 2005. JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Bioinformatics AU - Roberts, Anne AU - Lee, Seok-Yong AU - McCullagh, Emma AU - Silversmith, Ruth E AU - Wemmer, David E AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, DEwemmer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 790 EP - 801 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 58 IS - 4 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - phosphatase KW - YbiV KW - phosphoaspartate intermediate KW - HAD superfamily KW - Sugar KW - Data processing KW - Hydrolysis KW - hydrolase KW - Protein structure KW - Homology KW - Phosphate KW - Aluminum KW - Escherichia coli KW - Crystal structure KW - Bioinformatics KW - genomics KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19286999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Ybiv+from+Escherichia+coli+K12+is+a+HAD+phosphatase&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Anne%3BLee%2C+Seok-Yong%3BMcCullagh%2C+Emma%3BSilversmith%2C+Ruth+E%3BWemmer%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=790&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.20267 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein structure; hydrolase; Sugar; Data processing; Phosphate; Homology; Aluminum; Crystal structure; genomics; Bioinformatics; Hydrolysis; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.20267 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nodal quasiparticle in pseudogapped colossal magnetoresistive manganites AN - 1844921521; 2016-099843 AB - La (sub 1.2) Sr (sub 1.8) Mn (sub 2) O (sub 7) is a proto-typical bilayer manganite that possesses the colossal magnetoresistance effect (CMR)- the extremely large drop in resistivity induced by the application of a magnetic field near the Curie T. The CMR exploits a metal-insulator transition between a low-T ferromagnetic-metallic ground state and a high-T paramagnetic-insulating phase. The nature of the ferromagnetic-metallic ground state in this manganite remains controversial, and the results are presented here to resolve this problem by showing that its electronic structure is very similar to the pseudogap phase with a nodal-antinodal dichotomous character of the copper oxide high-T superconductors. The results question the assumption that the pseudogap state in the copper oxides and nodal-antinodal dichotomy are signatures of the superconductivity state. JF - Nature (London) AU - Mannella, N AU - Yang, W L AU - Zhou, X J AU - Zheng, H AU - Mitchell, J F AU - Zaanen, J AU - Deveraux, T P AU - Nagaosa, N AU - Hussain, Z AU - Shen, Z X Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 474 EP - 478 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 438 IS - 7067 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - electrical conductivity KW - copper oxides KW - oxides KW - superconductivity KW - synthetic materials KW - manganite KW - magnetic properties KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844921521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Nodal+quasiparticle+in+pseudogapped+colossal+magnetoresistive+manganites&rft.au=Dai%2C+Z+R%3BBradley%2C+J+P%3BErni%2C+R%3BBrowning%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dai&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - copper oxides; electrical conductivity; magnetic properties; manganite; oxides; superconductivity; synthetic materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04273 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic aspects of fracture and R-curve behavior in human cortical bone AN - 17883004; 5938409 AB - An understanding of the evolution of toughness is essential for the mechanistic interpretation of the fracture of cortical bone. In the present study, in vitro fracture experiments were conducted on human cortical bone in order to identify and quantitatively assess the salient toughening mechanisms. The fracture toughness was found to rise linearly with crack extension (i.e. rising resistance- or R-curve behavior) with a mean crack-initiation toughness, K sub(0) of ~2 MPa[square root = radical sign]m for crack growth in the proximal-distal direction. Uncracked ligament bridging, which was observed in the wake of the crack, was identified as the dominant toughening mechanism responsible for the observed R-curve behavior. The extent and nature of the bridging zone was examined quantitatively using multi-cutting compliance experiments in order to assess the bridging zone length and estimate the bridging stress distribution. Additionally, time-dependent cracking behavior was observed at stress intensities well below those required for overload fracture; specifically, slow crack growth occurred at growth rates of ~2x10 super(-9) m/s at stress intensities ~35% below the crack-initiation toughness. In an attempt to measure slower growth rates, it was found that the behavior switched to a regime dominated by time-dependent crack blunting, similar to that reported for dentin; however, such blunting was apparent over much slower time scales in bone, which permitted subcritical crack growth to readily take place at higher stress intensities. JF - Biomaterials AU - Nalla, R K AU - Kruzic, J J AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, roritchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 217 EP - 231 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - Dentin KW - Ligaments KW - Mathematical models KW - Bone growth KW - Fractures KW - Stress KW - Bone (cortical) KW - Biomaterials KW - Radicals KW - T 20009:Bone grafts, implants, and biomaterials KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17883004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+aspects+of+fracture+and+R-curve+behavior+in+human+cortical+bone&rft.au=Nalla%2C+R+K%3BKruzic%2C+J+J%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Nalla&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2004.02.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fractures; Stress; Bone (cortical); Growth rate; Radicals; Ligaments; Bone growth; Dentin; Biomaterials; Mathematical models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.02.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal structure of the conserved hypothetical protein MPN330 (GI: 1674200) from Mycoplasma pneumoniae AN - 17855918; 6114816 AB - No abstract. JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Bioinformatics AU - Das, Debanu AU - Oganesyan, Natasha AU - Yokota, Hisao AU - Pufan, Ramona AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Kim, Sung-Hou AD - Berkeley Structural Genomics Center, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 504 EP - 508 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 58 IS - 2 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Protein structure KW - Crystal structure KW - Bioinformatics KW - Mycoplasma pneumoniae KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17855918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Crystal+structure+of+the+conserved+hypothetical+protein+MPN330+%28GI%3A+1674200%29+from+Mycoplasma+pneumoniae&rft.au=Das%2C+Debanu%3BOganesyan%2C+Natasha%3BYokota%2C+Hisao%3BPufan%2C+Ramona%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BKim%2C+Sung-Hou&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=Debanu&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=504&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.20316 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Protein structure; Bioinformatics; Crystal structure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.20316 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Buckingham, 1907 -- An Appreciation AN - 17663429; 6495494 AB - Nearly a century ago, Edgar Buckingham published a seminal work on the movement of soil moisture that is part of the foundation of modern soil physics. It also constitutes a pioneering contribution in the study of multiphase flow in porous media. A physicist, Buckingham took on an earth science issue of importance to society and produced superb basic science as a byproduct. Buckingham impresses us with his ability to combine experiment and theory and his capacity to intuitively explain difficult ideas to a wide audience. Science progresses both by gradual accretion of knowledge and by sudden influx of ideas. Buckingham's contribution belongs in the latter category. After a brief, four- year rendezvous with soil science, he went on to pursue a long and distinguished career in physics with the National Bureau of Standards. This paper is an appreciation of Buckingham's contribution on soil moisture in the context of contemporary developments in diffusion theory and the rapid growth of science in America at the turn of the 20th century. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Narasimhan, T N AD - Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Bldg., Berkeley, CA 94526-1760, tnnarasimhan@LBL.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 434 EP - 441 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 4 IS - 2 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17663429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Frio+Brine+Pilot%3B+field+validation+of+numerical+simulation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage&rft.au=Hovorka%2C+Susan+D%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BSakurai%2C+Shinichi%3BHoltz%2C+Mark%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hovorka&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=A63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts%3A+Annual+Meeting+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2004.0126 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Many accurate small-discriminatory feature subsets exist in microarray transcript data: biomarker discovery AN - 17531680; 6234434 AB - Background: Molecular profiling generates abundance measurements for thousands of gene transcripts in biological samples such as normal and tumor tissues (data points). Given such two-class high-dimensional data, many methods have been proposed for classifying data points into one of the two classes. However, finding very small sets of features able to correctly classify the data is problematic as the fundamental mathematical proposition is hard. Existing methods can find "small" feature sets, but give no hint how close this is to the true minimum size. Without fundamental mathematical advances, finding true minimum-size sets will remain elusive, and more importantly for the microarray community there will be no methods for finding them. Results: We use the brute force approach of exhaustive search through all genes, gene pairs (and for some data sets gene triples). Each unique gene combination is analyzed with a few- parameter linear-hyperplane classification method looking for those combinations that form training error-free classifiers. All 10 published data sets studied are found to contain predictive small feature sets. Four contain thousands of gene pairs and 6 have single genes that perfectly discriminate. Conclusions: This technique discovered small sets of genes (3 or less) in published data that form accurate classifiers, yet were not reported in the prior publications. This could be a common characteristic of microarray data, thus making looking for them worth the computational cost. Such small gene sets could indicate biomarkers and portend simple medical diagnostic tests. We recommend checking for small gene sets routinely. We find 4 gene pairs and many gene triples in the large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, Liver cancer) data set of Chen et al. The key component of these is the "placental gene of unknown function", PLAC8. Our HMM modeling indicates PLAC8 might have a domain like part of lP59's crystal structure (a Non-Covalent Endonuclease lii-Dna Complex). The previously identified HCC biomarker gene, glypican 3 (GPC3), is part of an accurate gene triple involving MT1E and ARHE. We also find small gene sets that distinguish leukemia subtypes in the large pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia cancer set of Yeoh et al. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Grate, Leslie R AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720 USA, lesliegrate@comcast.net Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 6 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Liver cancer KW - Transcription KW - Computer applications KW - biomarkers KW - DNA microarrays KW - Acute lymphatic leukemia KW - Crystal structure KW - Bioinformatics KW - Endonuclease KW - set gene KW - Heparan sulfate proteoglycans KW - Hepatocellular carcinoma KW - W4 140:Bioinformatics & Computers in Health & Medicine KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17531680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Many+accurate+small-discriminatory+feature+subsets+exist+in+microarray+transcript+data%3A+biomarker+discovery&rft.au=Grate%2C+Leslie+R&rft.aulast=Grate&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-97 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA microarrays; biomarkers; Transcription; Bioinformatics; Crystal structure; set gene; Endonuclease; Acute lymphatic leukemia; Liver cancer; Computer applications; Heparan sulfate proteoglycans; Hepatocellular carcinoma DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-97 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative mapping of sequence-based and structure-based protein domains AN - 17528671; 6234412 AB - Background: Protein domains have long been an ill-defined concept in biology. They are generally described as autonomous folding units with evolutionary and functional independence. Both structure-based and sequence- based domain definitions have been widely used. But whether these types of models alone can capture all essential features of domains is still an open question. Methods: Here we provide insight on domain definitions through comparative mapping of two domain classification databases, one sequence-based (Pfam) and the other structure-based (SCOP). A mapping score is defined to indicate the significance of the mapping, and the properties of the mapping matrices are studied. Results: The mapping results show a general agreement between the two databases, as well as many interesting areas of disagreement. In the cases of disagreement, the functional and evolutionary characteristics of the domains are examined to determine which domain definition is biologically more informative. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Zhang, Ya AU - Chandonia, John-Marc AU - Ding, Chris AU - Holbrook, Stephen R AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, yzz100@psu.edu Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 6 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Protein structure KW - Databases KW - Mathematical models KW - Peptide mapping KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17528671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Comparative+mapping+of+sequence-based+and+structure-based+protein+domains&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Ya%3BChandonia%2C+John-Marc%3BDing%2C+Chris%3BHolbrook%2C+Stephen+R&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Ya&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-77 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Databases; Peptide mapping; Mathematical models; Bioinformatics; Protein structure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-77 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GATA: a graphic alignment tool for comparative sequence analysis AN - 17527725; 6234426 AB - Background: Several problems exist with current methods used to align DNA sequences for comparative sequence analysis. Most dynamic programming algorithms assume that conserved sequence elements are collinear. This assumption appears valid when comparing orthologous protein coding sequences. Functional constraints on proteins provide strong selective pressure against sequence inversions, and minimize sequence duplications and feature shuffling. For non- coding sequences this collinearity assumption is often invalid. For example, enhancers contain clusters of transcription factor binding sites that change in number, orientation, and spacing during evolution yet the enhancer retains its activity. Dot plot analysis is often used to estimate non-coding sequence relatedness. Yet dot plots do not actually align sequences and thus cannot account well for base insertions or deletions. Moreover, they lack an adequate statistical framework for comparing sequence relatedness and are limited to pairwise comparisons. Lastly, dot plots and dynamic programming text outputs fail to provide an intuitive means for visualizing DNA alignments. Results: To address some of these issues, we created a stand alone, platform independent, graphic alignment tool for comparative sequence analysis (GATA http://gata.sourceforge.net/). GATA uses the NCBI-BLASTN program and extensive post-processing to identify all small sub-alignments above a low cut-off score. These are graphed as two shaded boxes, one for each sequence, connected by a line using the coordinate system of their parent sequence. Shading and colour are used to indicate score and orientation. A variety of options exist for querying, modifying and retrieving conserved sequence elements. Extensive gene annotation can be added to both sequences using a standardized General Feature Format (GFF) file. Conclusions: GATA uses the NCBI-BLASTN program in conjunction with post-processing to exhaustively align two DNA sequences. It provides researchers with a fine-grained alignment and visualization tool aptly suited for non-coding, 0-200 kb, pairwise, sequence analysis. It functions independent of sequence feature ordering or orientation, and readily visualizes both large and small sequence inversions, duplications, and segment shuffling. Since the alignment is visual and does not contain gaps, gene annotation can be added to both sequences to create a thoroughly descriptive picture of DNA conservation that is well suited for comparative sequence analysis. JF - BMC Bioinformatics AU - Nix, David A AU - Eisen, Michael B AD - Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, danix@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House 34-42 Cleveland Street London W1T 4LB UK, [mailto:info@biomedcentral.com], [URL:http://www.biomedcentral.com] VL - 6 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Gene deletion KW - Deletion KW - Inversion KW - Transcription factors KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Algorithms KW - Statistical analysis KW - Conserved sequence KW - Bioinformatics KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17527725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=GATA%3A+a+graphic+alignment+tool+for+comparative+sequence+analysis&rft.au=Nix%2C+David+A%3BEisen%2C+Michael+B&rft.aulast=Nix&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2004.02.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nucleotide sequence; Conserved sequence; Inversion; Statistical analysis; Deletion; Bioinformatics; Transcription factors; Algorithms; Gene deletion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-6-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pedology -- A Hydrogeological Perspective AN - 17427422; 6536919 AB - In a finite earth with concerns about sustainable use of natural resources, earth science disciplines are moving toward appreciating their respective roles in understanding the interlinked functioning of hydrological, erosional, and nutritional cycles. This move provides motivation for exploring the connections between hydrogeology and pedology as components of a larger whole. As pointed out by Jenny (1941) in his concluding chapter, soils can be studied through mapping their spatial distribution (Marbut's geographical method), and through comprehending soil attributes as functions of soil-forming factors (Jenny's functional method). As Jenny further recognized, the conversion of the functional "knowledge to specific field conditions is impossible unless the areal distribution of soil formers is known." Ultimately, therefore, the vision of pedology is "the union of the geographical and the functional method," to comprehend "the soil body in its natural position," and to understand spatial distribution of soil assemblages. Hydrogeology is concerned with the physical and chemical modification of the materials of the earth's crust by water, and the transport of energy, suspended and dissolved constituents and nutrients from the time water enters the subsurface to the time it goes back to the atmosphere. Hydrogeology thus provides a rationale, through the unifying action of flowing water, to achieve an integration of the geographical and the functional methods envisioned by Hans Jenny. This paper examines the conceptual- philosophical threads that connect pedology and hydrogeology. In the process, the role of soil geomorphology is also addressed. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Narasimhan, T N AD - Dep. of Materials Science and Engineering, Dep. of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Bldg., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94526-1760, tnnarasimhan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 891 EP - 898 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 4 IS - 4 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Nutrients KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Atmosphere KW - spatial distribution KW - Natural Resources KW - Geomorphology KW - Vision KW - earth sciences KW - Mapping KW - sustainable use KW - Motivation KW - Natural resources KW - Geohydrology KW - geomorphology KW - earth crust KW - soil KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17427422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Pedology+--+A+Hydrogeological+Perspective&rft.au=Narasimhan%2C+T+N&rft.aulast=Narasimhan&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2004.0182 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sustainable use; spatial distribution; Vision; Natural resources; earth sciences; Mapping; geomorphology; Atmosphere; earth crust; soil; Natural Resources; Geomorphology; Motivation; Geohydrology; Nutrients; Spatial Distribution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2004.0182 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural and functional characterization of a 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase from Mycoplasma pneumoniae (GI: 13508087) AN - 17375408; 6463452 AB - Mycoplasma pneumoniae 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase [MTHFS; also known as 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cycloligase; Enzyme Commission (EC) 6.3.3.2] belongs to a large cycloligase protein family with 97 sequence homologues from bacteria to human. To help define the molecular (biochemical and biophysical) function of the M. pneumoniae MTHFS, we have previously determined its crystal structure at 2.2 Aa resolution (Chen et al. Proteins 2004; 56:839-843). In this current study, activity assays confirmed the functionality of the recombinant protein, with K sub(m) = 165 mu M for 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-FTHF) and K sub(m) = 166 mu M for MgATP. The methenyltetrahydrofolate activity of M. pneumoniae MTHFS has a requirement for divalent metal ions with Mg super(2+) being most effective, and an absolute requirement for nucleoside 5'-triphosphates with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) being most effective. Crystallization in the presence of substrates (MgATP, with or without 5-FTHF) produced the complex structures of the protein with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphate at 2.2 Aa resolution; with ADP, phosphate, and 5-FTHF at 2.5 Aa resolution. These structures directly demonstrated that the role of Mg super(2+) in the reaction is to form the ATP-Mg super(2+)-enzyme complex. Proteins 2005. JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Bioinformatics AU - Chen, Shengfeng AU - Yakunin, Alexander F AU - Proudfoot, Michael AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Kim, Sung-Hou AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, shkim@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 433 EP - 443 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Methenyltetrahydrofolate synthase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase KW - 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cycloligase KW - ADP-Mg complex KW - 5-formyltetrahydrofolate complex KW - EC 6.3.3.2 KW - Crystallization KW - Metals KW - Ions KW - ATP KW - Enzymes KW - Mycoplasma pneumoniae KW - Phosphate KW - nucleosides KW - Crystal structure KW - Bioinformatics KW - Magnesium KW - Adenosine KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17375408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Structural+and+functional+characterization+of+a+5%2C10-methenyltetrahydrofolate+synthetase+from+Mycoplasma+pneumoniae+%28GI%3A+13508087%29&rft.au=Chen%2C+Shengfeng%3BYakunin%2C+Alexander+F%3BProudfoot%2C+Michael%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BKim%2C+Sung-Hou&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Shengfeng&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.20591 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crystallization; Ions; Metals; Phosphate; nucleosides; Crystal structure; Enzymes; ATP; Bioinformatics; Magnesium; Adenosine; Mycoplasma pneumoniae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.20591 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aspects of in vitro fatigue in human cortical bone: time and cycle dependent crack growth AN - 17246068; 6967080 AB - Although fatigue damage in bone induced by cyclic loading has been recognized as a problem of clinical significance, few fracture mechanics based studies have investigated how incipient cracks grow by fatigue in this material. In the present study, in vitro cyclic fatigue experiments were performed in order to quantify fatigue-crack growth behavior in human cortical bone. Crack- growth rates spanning five orders of magnitude were obtained for the extension of macroscopic cracks in the proximal-distal direction; growth-rate data could be well characterized by the linear-elastic stress-intensity range, using a simple (Paris) power law with exponents ranging from 4.4 to 9.5. Mechanistically, to discern whether such behavior results from "true" cyclic fatigue damage or is simply associated with a succession of quasi-static fracture events, cyclic crack-growth rates were compared to those measured under sustained (non-cyclic) loading. Measured fatigue-crack growth rates were found to exceed those "predicted" from the sustained load data at low growth rates (3x10 super(-10) to 5x10 super(-7) m/cycle), suggesting that a "true" cyclic fatigue mechanism, such as alternating blunting and re-sharpening of the crack tip, is active in bone. Conversely, at higher growth rates (5x10 super(-7) to 3x10 super(-5) m/cycle), the crack-growth data under sustained loads integrated over the loading cycle reasonably predicts the cyclic fatigue data, indicating that quasi-static fracture mechanisms predominate. The results are discussed in light of the occurrence of fatigue-related stress fractures in cortical bone. JF - Biomaterials AU - Nalla, R K AU - Kruzic, J J AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, RORitchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 2183 EP - 2195 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 26 IS - 14 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cortical bone KW - Fatigue KW - Fracture KW - Life prediction KW - Growth rate KW - Loading KW - Bone (cortical) KW - Fractures KW - Bone growth KW - Biomaterials KW - Stress KW - Succession KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering KW - T 2025:Bone and Bone Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17246068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Aspects+of+in+vitro+fatigue+in+human+cortical+bone%3A+time+and+cycle+dependent+crack+growth&rft.au=Nalla%2C+R+K%3BKruzic%2C+J+J%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Nalla&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=2183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2004.05.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Fatigue; Loading; Bone (cortical); Biomaterials; Bone growth; Fractures; Stress; Succession DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.05.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic aspects of in vitro fatigue-crack growth in dentin AN - 17238129; 6967030 AB - Although the propagation of fatigue cracks has been recognized as a problem of clinical significance in dentin, there have been few fracture mechanics-based studies that have investigated this issue. In the present study, in vitro cyclic fatigue experiments were conducted over a range of cyclic frequencies (1-50 Hz) on elephant dentin in order to quantify fatigue-crack growth behavior from the perspective of understanding the mechanism of fatigue in dentin. Specifically, results obtained for crack extension rates along a direction parallel to the dentinal tubules were found to be well described by the stress-intensity range, Delta K, using a simple Paris power-law approach with exponents ranging from 12 to 32. Furthermore, a frequency dependence was observed for the crack-growth rates, with higher growth rates associated with lower frequencies. By using crack-growth experiments involving alternate cyclic and static loading, such fatigue-crack propagation was mechanistically determined to be the result of a "true" cyclic fatigue mechanism, and not simply a succession of static fracture events. Furthermore, based on the observed frequency dependence of fatigue-crack growth in dentin and observations of time-dependent crack blunting, a cyclic fatigue mechanism involving crack-tip blunting and re-sharpening is proposed. These results are deemed to be of importance for an improved understanding of fatigue-related failures in teeth. JF - Biomaterials AU - Kruzic, J J AU - Nalla, R K AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 381 Hearst Mining Building, Berkeley CA 94720, USA, roritchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1195 EP - 1204 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 26 IS - 10 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Dentin KW - Fatigue KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Crack propagation KW - Teeth KW - Growth rate KW - Fractures KW - Biomaterials KW - Succession KW - Frequency dependence KW - Tubules KW - T 2045:Teeth KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17238129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+aspects+of+in+vitro+fatigue-crack+growth+in+dentin&rft.au=Kruzic%2C+J+J%3BNalla%2C+R+K%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Kruzic&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2004.04.051 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Teeth; Dentin; Fatigue; Biomaterials; Fractures; Succession; Frequency dependence; Tubules DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.04.051 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NMR structure of hypothetical protein MG354 from Mycoplasma genitalium AN - 17090816; 6723873 JF - Proteins: Structure, Function & Bioinformatics AU - Pelton, Jeffrey G AU - Shi, Jianxia AU - Yokota, Hisao AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Wemmer, David E AD - Berkeley Structural Genomics Center, Physical Biosciences Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, dewemmer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 666 EP - 668 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 61 IS - 3 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Protein structure KW - Mycoplasma genitalium KW - N.M.R. KW - Bioinformatics KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17090816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=NMR+structure+of+hypothetical+protein+MG354+from+Mycoplasma+genitalium&rft.au=Pelton%2C+Jeffrey+G%3BShi%2C+Jianxia%3BYokota%2C+Hisao%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BWemmer%2C+David+E&rft.aulast=Pelton&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=666&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+%26+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.20495 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycoplasma genitalium; Protein structure; N.M.R.; Bioinformatics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.20495 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Do indoor pollutants and thermal conditions in schools influence student performance? A critical review of the literature AN - 16200348; 6460282 AB - To assess whether school environments can adversely affect academic performance, we review scientific evidence relating indoor pollutants and thermal conditions, in schools or other indoor environments, to human performance or attendance. We critically review evidence for direct associations between these aspects of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and performance or attendance. Secondarily, we summarize, without critique, evidence on indirect connections potentially linking IEQ to performance or attendance. Regarding direct associations, little strongly designed research was available. Persuasive evidence links higher indoor concentrations of NO sub(2) to reduced school attendance, and suggestive evidence links low ventilation rates to reduced performance. Regarding indirect associations, many studies link indoor dampness and microbiologic pollutants (primarily in homes) to asthma exacerbations and respiratory infections, which in turn have been related to reduced performance and attendance. Also, much evidence links poor IEQ (e.g. low ventilation rate, excess moisture, or formaldehyde) with adverse health effects in children and adults and documents dampness problems and inadequate ventilation as common in schools. Overall, evidence suggests that poor IEQ in schools is common and adversely influences the performance and attendance of students, primarily through health effects from indoor pollutants. Evidence is available to justify (i) immediate actions to assess and improve IEQ in schools and (ii) focused research to guide IEQ improvements in schools. JF - Indoor Air AU - Mendell, MJ AU - Heath, G A AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Indoor Environment Department, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mjmendell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 SP - 27 EP - 52 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - schools KW - Ventilation KW - Reviews KW - Pollution effects KW - Formaldehyde KW - Asthma KW - Air quality KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Indoor environments KW - Children KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16200348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Do+indoor+pollutants+and+thermal+conditions+in+schools+influence+student+performance%3F+A+critical+review+of+the+literature&rft.au=Mendell%2C+MJ%3BHeath%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Mendell&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0668.2004.00320.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ventilation; schools; Reviews; Asthma; Formaldehyde; Pollution effects; Air quality; Respiratory diseases; Children; Indoor environments DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00320.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vapor-phase transport in the near-drift environment at Yucca Mountain AN - 16189469; 6133716 AB - A key issue regarding the performance of the potential high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, is the likelihood of precipitation percolating a vertical distance of similar to 300 m through fractured unsaturated rock into drifts containing waste packages. Water enhances waste package corrosion and is required for transport of released radionuclides. To evaluate the propensity for seepage into tunnels at Yucca Mountain, a 5-m-diameter, 2.7-km-long tunnel, commonly referred to as the Cross Drift (CD), was excavated in 1998, branching off from the main Exploratory Studies Facility tunnel. Sections of this tunnel have been isolated from ventilation for extended periods over the last 4 years. We present continuous measurements of relative humidity and temperature and periodic observations of liquid water in the CD over two periods. During this observation duration the terminal section of the drift was partitioned into four sections by bulkheads, and ventilation to these sections was minimized to a few days. We compare these observations to results from analytical and numerical models to investigate processes associated with the movement of water vapor between the tunnel bore and the surrounding fractured rock formation. Observations from this effort indicate that fractures can be primary paths for unsaturated zone vapor flow in the immediate vicinity of emplacement drifts. Observations, measurements, and analysis indicate the need for a model that includes fracture-dominated vapor transport as a significant contributor to total water flow into the drifts. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2005/01// PY - 2005 DA - Jan 2005 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. W01012 KW - fractured rock KW - unsaturated zone KW - vapor flow KW - 1875 Hydrology: Vadose zone KW - 1829 Hydrology: Groundwater hydrology KW - 1832 Hydrology: Groundwater transport KW - 1899 Hydrology: General or miscellaneous. KW - Relative humidity KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Waste Management KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Waste Dumps KW - Waste management KW - Radioactive waste disposal underground KW - Vapors KW - Numerical models KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Rainfall runoff KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Precipitation KW - Tunnels KW - Model Studies KW - Bore KW - Radioactive Waste Disposal KW - Corrosion KW - Water resources research KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16189469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Vapor-phase+transport+in+the+near-drift+environment+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Salve%2C+Rohit%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=Rohit&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004WR003373 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Radioactive waste disposal underground; Numerical models; Rainfall runoff; Corrosion; Precipitation; Water resources research; Bore; Vapors; Waste disposal sites; Temperature; Radioactive wastes; Humidity; Tunnels; Waste management; Waste Management; Radioactive Waste Disposal; Path of Pollutants; Waste Dumps; Model Studies; USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003373 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tube wave effects in cross-well seismic data at Stratton Field AN - 1429845346; 2013-069778 AB - The analysis of crosswell seismic data for a gas reservoir in Texas revealed two newly detected seismic wave effects, recorded 2000 feet above the reservoir. The first is that the dominant late phases on the records are the tube waves generated in the source well and later converted into laterally propagating waves through the reservoir in gas/water saturated layers, which convert back to tube-waves in the receiver well. The tube-wave train showed good correlation with multilayered reservoir zone structure, suggesting that the recorded wave field has strong dependence on the reservoir parameters. The second effect is that the recorded field is composed of multiple low-velocity tube-waves. The modeling results suggest that imperfect cementation is the likely cause of this phenomenon. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Korneev, Valeri AU - Parra, Jorge AU - Bakulin, Andrey AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 336 EP - 339 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - velocity analysis KW - petroleum exploration KW - seismic stratigraphy KW - geophysical surveys KW - offshore KW - natural gas KW - data acquisition KW - well-logging KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - reservoir rocks KW - surface waves KW - sedimentary rocks KW - stratigraphic units KW - propagation KW - North America KW - guided waves KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - Stratton Field KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - wave fields KW - seismic methods KW - noise KW - models KW - lithofacies KW - Stoneley waves KW - saturation KW - traveltime KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - seismic waves KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429845346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Tube+wave+effects+in+cross-well+seismic+data+at+Stratton+Field&rft.au=Korneev%2C+Valeri%3BParra%2C+Jorge%3BBakulin%2C+Andrey%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=Valeri&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=1471-2105&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2105-6-77 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; crosshole methods; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; guided waves; Gulf Coastal Plain; Gulf of Mexico; lithofacies; models; natural gas; noise; North America; North Atlantic; offshore; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum exploration; propagation; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saturation; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; seismic stratigraphy; seismic waves; Stoneley waves; stratigraphic units; Stratton Field; surface waves; surveys; traveltime; velocity analysis; wave fields; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2144336 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tube waves in producing wells with tubing and casing AN - 1429844675; 2013-069779 AB - Tube waves in producing oil and gas wells are useful for locating fluid interfaces, estimating bottom-hole pressures (Rowlan et al., 2003), investigation of properties of fluids inside the boreholes as well as that of surrounding formations. We consider tube-wave propagation in different models of oil and gas producers using numerical finite-difference modeling. Whenever possible, the results of the numerical modeling are also compared with analytical solutions. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Ziatdinov, Serge AU - Bakulin, Andrey AU - Kashtan, Boris AU - Golovnina, Svetlana AU - Korneev, Valeri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 340 EP - 343 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - guided waves KW - natural gas KW - finite difference analysis KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - elastic waves KW - properties KW - production KW - seismic methods KW - noise KW - oil wells KW - surface waves KW - Stoneley waves KW - acoustical logging KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429844675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Tube+waves+in+producing+wells+with+tubing+and+casing&rft.au=Ziatdinov%2C+Serge%3BBakulin%2C+Andrey%3BKashtan%2C+Boris%3BGolovnina%2C+Svetlana%3BKorneev%2C+Valeri%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ziatdinov&rft.aufirst=Serge&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=340&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2144338 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical logging; elastic waves; finite difference analysis; fluid phase; geophysical methods; guided waves; natural gas; noise; numerical models; oil wells; petroleum; pressure; production; propagation; properties; seismic methods; seismic waves; Stoneley waves; surface waves; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2144338 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Representation of fractured rock masses as equivalent continua using a DFN-DEM approach AN - 1420519898; 2013-065839 JF - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics AU - Min, K B AU - Jing, L AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Tsang, C F AU - Stephansson, O Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 531 EP - 538 PB - [varies], [varies] VL - 11, VOL.2 KW - discrete element analysis KW - risk management KW - hydraulics KW - engineering properties KW - mechanical properties KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - fractures KW - safety KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1420519898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computer+Methods+and+Advances+in+Geomechanics&rft.atitle=Representation+of+fractured+rock+masses+as+equivalent+continua+using+a+DFN-DEM+approach&rft.au=Min%2C+K+B%3BJing%2C+L%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BTsang%2C+C+F%3BStephansson%2C+O&rft.aulast=Min&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=11%2C+VOL.2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computer+Methods+and+Advances+in+Geomechanics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Computer methods and advances in geomechanics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-15 N1 - CODEN - #03529 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - discrete element analysis; engineering properties; fractures; hydraulics; mechanical properties; radioactive waste; risk assessment; risk management; rock mechanics; safety; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 3D Fourier finite difference anisotropic depth migration AN - 1416691218; 2013-059777 AB - We present a 3D Fourier finite-difference depth migration (FFD) method for waves in transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI). The method can accommodate a wide range of anisotropy rather than weak anisotropy. The downward-continuation operator is split into three downward-continuation operators. This method can handle the strong lateral velocity variation. A complex treatment of the propagation operator is applied to mitigate inaccuracies and instabilities due to evanescent waves. Tests show that the method improves the image quality. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Zhang, Linbin AU - Hua, Biaolong AU - Calandra, Henri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1914 EP - 1917 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - seismic migration KW - depth KW - seismic methods KW - mitigation KW - Fourier analysis KW - mathematical methods KW - velocity KW - propagation KW - symmetry KW - seismic waves KW - anisotropy KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416691218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=3D+Fourier+finite+difference+anisotropic+depth+migration&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Linbin%3BHua%2C+Biaolong%3BCalandra%2C+Henri%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Linbin&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1914&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2148079 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; body waves; data processing; depth; elastic waves; finite difference analysis; Fourier analysis; geophysical methods; mathematical methods; mitigation; P-waves; propagation; seismic methods; seismic migration; seismic waves; symmetry; three-dimensional models; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2148079 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MRE-based Bayesian inversion of seismic and EM data for identification of reservoir parameters AN - 1416689175; 2013-058037 AB - A stochastic joint inversion approach for estimating reservoir fluid saturations and porosity is proposed. The approach couples seismic amplitude versus angle (AVA) and marine controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) forward models into a Bayesian formalism, which allows for integration between complementary information. To obtain minimally subjective prior probabilities required for the Bayesian approach, the principle of Minimum Relative Entropy (MRE) is employed. Instead of single-valued estimate provided by deterministic methods, the approach gives a probability distribution for any unknown parameter of interest, such as reservoir fluid saturations or porosity at different locations. The distributions means, modes, and confidence intervals can be calculated, providing a more complete understanding of the uncertainty in the parameter estimates. The approach is tested using two case studies: one is a synthetic case, and the other uses data from the North Sea Troll field. Results show that joint inversion using seismic and EM data gives better estimates of reservoir parameters than estimates from either geophysical data set used in isolation. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Rubin, Yoram AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Vasco, Don AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1437 EP - 1440 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - petroleum exploration KW - offshore KW - Bayesian analysis KW - natural gas KW - entropy KW - Archie's law KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - minimum relative entropy KW - controlled-source electromagnetic KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - electromagnetic methods KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - resistivity KW - porosity KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - saturation KW - marine methods KW - mathematical methods KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Troll Field KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416689175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=MRE-based+Bayesian+inversion+of+seismic+and+EM+data+for+identification+of+reservoir+parameters&rft.au=Hou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BRubin%2C+Yoram%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BVasco%2C+Don%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hou&rft.aufirst=Zhangshuan&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2147959 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Archie's law; Atlantic Ocean; Bayesian analysis; controlled-source electromagnetic; data processing; electromagnetic methods; entropy; geophysical methods; inverse problem; marine methods; mathematical methods; minimum relative entropy; models; natural gas; North Atlantic; North Sea; offshore; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum exploration; porosity; reservoir rocks; resistivity; saturation; seismic methods; statistical analysis; Troll Field DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2147959 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of marine CSEM and seismic AVA data for reservoir parameter estimation AN - 1416686554; 2013-057817 AB - Reservoir fluid saturations and porosity are estimated using a two-stage process consisting of an uncoupled geophysical inversion of marine seismic amplitude versus angle (AVA) and controlled source electromagnetic data, followed by a Bayesian inversion, using the geophysical parameters derived in the first stage and a rock-physics model to estimate reservoir parameters. The two-stage process has the advantage that it can be done using existing industry software, with only the addition of the electromagnetic inversions to estimate electrical conductivity. The estimated water saturation and porosity compare well to both log data and those derived from a formal joint inversion of marine AVA and electromagnetic data. However, the two-stage estimates of oil and gas saturation do not compare favorably to those obtained using a formal joint inversion of both data sets simultaneously. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Gasperikova, Erika AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 579 EP - 582 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - petroleum exploration KW - AVO methods KW - offshore KW - Bayesian analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - inverse problem KW - controlled-source electromagnetic KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - physical properties KW - sedimentary rocks KW - marine methods KW - mathematical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - reservoir properties KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Troll Field KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416686554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Integration+of+marine+CSEM+and+seismic+AVA+data+for+reservoir+parameter+estimation&rft.au=Hoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BGasperikova%2C+Erika%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hoversten&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemistry%2C+Geophysics%2C+Geosystems+-+G3&rft.issn=1525-2027&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GC000779 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; AVO methods; Bayesian analysis; controlled-source electromagnetic; data processing; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; inverse problem; marine methods; mathematical methods; models; North Atlantic; North Sea; offshore; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum exploration; physical properties; reservoir properties; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; statistical analysis; Troll Field DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2144387 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating reservoir parameters from seismic and electromagnetic data using stochastic rock physics models and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods AN - 1416685134; 2013-057807 AB - A Bayesian model is developed to estimate porosity, fluid saturation, and pore pressure in reservoirs using seismic and electromagnetic (EM) data. Within the Bayesian framework, unknown reservoir parameters at each pixel in space are considered as random variables and the co-located geophysical properties (seismic P- and S-wave velocity, density, and electrical conductivity), inverted from seismic and EM measurements, are considered as data. Rock-physics models are derived from borehole logs and are considered as random functions between the reservoir parameters and the geophysical properties. Using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, many samples of each unknown variable are obtained from the Bayesian model, which subsequently are used to infer the unknown variable (reservoir parameter) as well as its uncertainty. A study, based on borehole data from a site in the Troll field, shows that the developed method is more effective for reservoir parameter estimation than traditional regression methods. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 542 EP - 545 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - petroleum exploration KW - P-waves KW - electrical conductivity KW - geophysical surveys KW - density KW - offshore KW - Bayesian analysis KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - stochastic processes KW - electromagnetic methods KW - body waves KW - AVO methods KW - well logs KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - equations KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - lithofacies KW - physical properties KW - mathematical methods KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - seismic waves KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Troll Field KW - S-waves KW - regression analysis KW - Markov chain analysis KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416685134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Estimating+reservoir+parameters+from+seismic+and+electromagnetic+data+using+stochastic+rock+physics+models+and+Markov+chain+Monte+Carlo+methods&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=542&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2144376 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; AVO methods; Bayesian analysis; body waves; data processing; density; elastic waves; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic methods; equations; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; lithofacies; Markov chain analysis; mathematical methods; models; Monte Carlo analysis; North Atlantic; North Sea; offshore; oil and gas fields; P-waves; petroleum; petroleum exploration; physical properties; regression analysis; reservoir properties; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; surveys; Troll Field; well logs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2144376 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acquisition of time-lapse, 6-component, P- and S-wave, crosswell seismic survey with orbital vibrator and of time-lapse VSP for CO (sub 2) injection monitoring AN - 1416685125; 2013-057996 AB - Using an orbital vibrator source (2-components), and a 40 level 3-component geophone string, a 6-component crosswell survey was acquired before and after a CO2 injection in a saline aquifer. Decomposition of the two source components and component rotation of both source and sensors created good separation of P- and S-wave energy allowing independent analysis of travel time and reflectivity. A time-lapse VSP was also acquired. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Daley, T M AU - Myer, L R AU - Majer, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2005 PY - 2005 DA - 2005 SP - 1277 EP - 1279 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 24 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - offshore KW - data acquisition KW - well-logging KW - data processing KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - sedimentary rocks KW - time-lapse methods KW - saline composition KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - carbon sequestration KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - Frio Formation KW - Texas KW - Paleogene KW - seismic methods KW - aquifers KW - gas injection KW - Tertiary KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - components KW - North Atlantic KW - clastic rocks KW - S-waves KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Oligocene KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1416685125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Acquisition+of+time-lapse%2C+6-component%2C+P-+and+S-wave%2C+crosswell+seismic+survey+with+orbital+vibrator+and+of+time-lapse+VSP+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+monitoring&rft.au=Daley%2C+T+M%3BMyer%2C+L+R%3BMajer%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2147918 L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, seventy-fifth annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Ocean; body waves; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Cenozoic; clastic rocks; components; crosshole methods; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; Frio Formation; gas injection; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground water; Gulf of Mexico; North Atlantic; offshore; Oligocene; P-waves; Paleogene; petroleum; S-waves; saline composition; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; Tertiary; Texas; time-lapse methods; United States; vertical seismic profiles; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2147918 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Late effects from hadron therapy. AN - 67285253; 15971329 AB - Successful cancer patient survival and local tumor control from hadron radiotherapy warrant a discussion of potential secondary late effects from the radiation. The study of late-appearing clinical effects from particle beams of protons, carbon, or heavier ions is a relatively new field with few data. However, new clinical information is available from pioneer hadron radiotherapy programs in the USA, Japan, Germany and Switzerland. This paper will review available data on late tissue effects from particle radiation exposures, and discuss its importance to the future of hadron therapy. Potential late radiation effects are associated with irradiated normal tissue volumes at risk that in many cases can be reduced with hadron therapy. However, normal tissues present within hadron treatment volumes can demonstrate enhanced responses compared to conventional modes of therapy. Late endpoints of concern include induction of secondary cancers, cataract, fibrosis, neurodegeneration, vascular damage, and immunological, endocrine and hereditary effects. Low-dose tissue effects at tumor margins need further study, and there is need for more acute molecular studies underlying late effects of hadron therapy. JF - Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology AU - Blakely, Eleanor A AU - Chang, Polly Y AD - Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94620, USA. EABlakely@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - S134 EP - S140 VL - 73 Suppl 2 SN - 0167-8140, 0167-8140 KW - Protons KW - 0 KW - Helium KW - 206GF3GB41 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Humans KW - Radiation Tolerance KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Protons -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Heavy Ions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67285253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiotherapy+and+oncology+%3A+journal+of+the+European+Society+for+Therapeutic+Radiology+and+Oncology&rft.atitle=Late+effects+from+hadron+therapy.&rft.au=Blakely%2C+Eleanor+A%3BChang%2C+Polly+Y&rft.aulast=Blakely&rft.aufirst=Eleanor&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=73+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiotherapy+and+oncology+%3A+journal+of+the+European+Society+for+Therapeutic+Radiology+and+Oncology&rft.issn=01678140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-07-12 N1 - Date created - 2005-06-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of contaminant fate and bioaccumulation models in assessing ecological risks of chemicals: a case study for gasoline hydrocarbons. AN - 67171892; 15597875 AB - Mass balance models of chemical fate and transport can be applied in ecological risk assessments for quantitative estimation of concentrations in air, water, soil, and sediment. These concentrations can, in turn, be used to estimate organism exposures and ultimately internal tissue concentrations that can be compared to mode-of-action-based critical body residues that induce toxic effects. From this comparison, risks to the exposed organism can be evaluated. To demonstrate the use of fate models in ecological risk assessment, we combine the EQuilibrium Criterion (EQC) environmental fate model with a simple screening level biouptake model for three representative organisms: a bird, a mammal, and a fish. This effort yields estimates of internal body concentrations that can be compared with levels known to elicit toxic effects. As an illustration, we present an analysis of 24 hydrocarbon components of gasoline that differ in properties but are assumed to elicit toxicity by a common narcotic mode of action. Results demonstrate that differences in chemical properties and mode of entry into the environment lead to profound differences in the efficiency of transport from emission to target biota. We discussthe implications of these results and draw attention to the insights gained about regional fate and ecological risks associated with gasoline. This approach is suitable for assessing single chemicals or mixtures that have similar modes of action. We conclude that the model-based methodologies presented are widely applicable for screening level ecological risk assessments that support effective chemicals management. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Macleod, Matthew AU - McKone, Thomas E AU - Foster, Karen L AU - Maddalena, Randy L AU - Parkerton, Thomas F AU - Mackay, Don AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-8132, USA. mjmacleod@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/12/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Dec 01 SP - 6225 EP - 6233 VL - 38 IS - 23 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Gasoline KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Narcotics KW - Index Medicus KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Birds -- metabolism KW - Narcotics -- toxicity KW - Narcotics -- metabolism KW - Biodiversity KW - Fishes -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Biological KW - Risk Assessment KW - Ecology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Gasoline -- toxicity KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67171892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Applications+of+contaminant+fate+and+bioaccumulation+models+in+assessing+ecological+risks+of+chemicals%3A+a+case+study+for+gasoline+hydrocarbons.&rft.au=Macleod%2C+Matthew%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E%3BFoster%2C+Karen+L%3BMaddalena%2C+Randy+L%3BParkerton%2C+Thomas+F%3BMackay%2C+Don&rft.aulast=Macleod&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=6225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-21 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrolysis of neptunium(V) at variable temperatures; 10 degrees C-85 degrees C AN - 51729958; 2005-026153 AB - Neptunium is one of the few radioactive elements that are of great concern in the disposal of nuclear wastes in the geological repository, due to its hazards and the long half-life of the isotope, (super 237) Np (t (sub 1/2) = 2.14X10 (super 6) years). To understand and predict the migration behavior of neptunium in the geological media, it is of importance to study its hydrolysis at elevated temperatures, because the temperature in the waste package and the vicinity of the repository could be high. Moreover, the chemical analogy between neptunium(V) and plutonium(V) adds even greater value to this investigation, because the latter could exist at tracer levels in neutral and slightly oxidizing waters but is difficult to study due to its rather labile redox behavior.In this work, the hydrolysis of neptunium(V) was studied at variable temperatures (10 to 85 degrees C) in tetramethylammonium chloride (1.12 mol kg (super 1) ). Two hydrolyzed species of neptunium(V), NpO (sub 2) OH(aq) and NpO (sub 2) (OH) (sub 2) (super -) , were identified by potentiometry and Near-IR absorption spectroscopy. The hydrolysis constants (*beta (sub n) ) and enthalpy of hydrolysis (Delta H (sub n) ) for the reaction NpO (sub 2) (super +) + nH (sub 2) O = NpO (sub 2) (OH) (sub n) (super (1-n)+) + nH (super +) (n = 1 and 2) were determined by titration potentiometry and microcalorimetry. The hydrolysis constants, *beta (sub 1) and *beta (sub 2) , increased by 0.8 and 3.4 orders of magnitude, respectively, as the temperature was increased from 10 to 85 degrees C. The enhancement of hydrolysis at elevated temperatures is mainly due to the significant increase of the degree of ionization of water as the temperature is increased. The hydrolysis reactions are endothermic but become less endothermic as the temperature is increased. The heat capacities of hydrolysis, Delta C (sub p1) and Delta C (sub p2) , are calculated to be -(71 + or - 17) J K (super -1) mol (super -1) and -(127 + or - 17) J K (super -1) mol (super -1) , respectively. Approximation approaches to predict the effect of temperature, including the constant enthalpy approach, the constant heat capacity approach and the DQUANT equation, have been tested with the data. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Rao, Linfeng AU - Srinivasan, Thandankorai G AU - Garnov, Alexander Yu AU - Zanonato, Pierluigi AU - Di Bernardo, Plinio AU - Bismondo, Arturo Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 4821 EP - 4830 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 68 IS - 23 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - near-infrared spectra KW - neptunium KW - solutions KW - isotopes KW - hydrolysis KW - environmental effects KW - variations KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - absorption KW - radioactive isotopes KW - enthalpy KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - calorimetry KW - titration KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - mobilization KW - waste disposal KW - potentiometry KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51729958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Hydrolysis+of+neptunium%28V%29+at+variable+temperatures%3B+10+degrees+C-85+degrees+C&rft.au=Rao%2C+Linfeng%3BSrinivasan%2C+Thandankorai+G%3BGarnov%2C+Alexander+Yu%3BZanonato%2C+Pierluigi%3BDi+Bernardo%2C+Plinio%3BBismondo%2C+Arturo&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=Linfeng&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM03 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; actinides; calorimetry; chemical composition; chemical reactions; Eh; enthalpy; environmental effects; EXAFS data; geochemistry; ground water; hydrolysis; isotopes; metals; mobilization; near-infrared spectra; neptunium; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; potentiometry; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; solutions; spectra; temperature; thermodynamic properties; titration; variations; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.06.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic aerosol growth mechanisms and their climate-forcing implications AN - 51720968; 2005-035973 AB - Surface- and volume-limited chemical reactions on and in atmospheric aerosol particles cause growth while changing organic composition by 13 to 24% per day. Many of these particles contain carbonaceous components from mineral dust and combustion emissions in Africa, Asia, and North America and reveal reaction rates that are three times slower than those typically used in climate models. These slower rates for converting from volatile or hydrophobic to condensed and hygroscopic organic compounds increase carbonaceous particle burdens in climate models by 70%, producing organic aerosol climate forcings of as much as -0.8 watt per square meter cooling and +0.3 watt per square meter warming. JF - Science AU - Maria, Steven F AU - Russell, Lynn M AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Myneni, Satish C B Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 1921 EP - 1924 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 306 IS - 5703 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - condensation KW - clastic sediments KW - oxidation KW - global KW - atmosphere KW - global change KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - carbon KW - dust KW - sediments KW - aerosols KW - ecology KW - climate forcing KW - hydrophobic materials KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51720968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Organic+aerosol+growth+mechanisms+and+their+climate-forcing+implications&rft.au=Maria%2C+Steven+F%3BRussell%2C+Lynn+M%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BMyneni%2C+Satish+C+B&rft.aulast=Maria&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=306&rft.issue=5703&rft.spage=1921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1103491 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; carbon; carbon dioxide; clastic sediments; climate change; climate forcing; condensation; dust; ecology; global; global change; global warming; hydrophobic materials; organic compounds; oxidation; sediments; transport; volatiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1103491 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eyselite, Fe (super 3+) Ge (super 4+) (sub 3) O (sub 7) (OH), a new mineral species from Tsumeb, Namibia AN - 51644411; 2006-008890 AB - Eyselite, ideally Fe (super 3+) Ge (super 4+) (sub 3) O (sub 7) (OH), is orthorhombic with a P lattice, and unit-cell parameters refined from powder data: a 8.302(4), b 9.718(4), c 4.527(2) Aa, V 365,2(3) Aa (super 3) , a:b:c 0.8543:1:0.4658, Z = 2. The strongest eight lines of the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [d in Aa (I)(hkl)] are: 4.105(40)(011), 3.681(100)(111), 3.121)(60b)(220,121), 2.921(100)(211), 2.512(40)(131), 2.403(90)(320), 1.646(80)(322) and 1.624(50)(142). The mineral occurs on a single specimen originating from the Tsumeb mine, Tsumeb, Namibia, as very fine-grained aggregates in vugs of massive renierite - germanite - tennantite ore. There are no other associated secondary phases. Individual subhedral to rarely euhedral crystals are platy to very thin prismatic, elongate [001], with a length-to-width ratio of approximately 3:1 and not exceeding 20 mu m in maximum length. Typical crystals are 20X14X1 mu m in size. Forms are {100} major, very thin {010}, rounded {011}, and very thin rounded {001} minor. Crystals show growth steps on {100} and are partly hollow. The mineral is dirty brown-yellow (aggregates) to yellow-tan (crystals), opaque (aggregates) to transparent (crystals), with a brownish yellow streak, and vitreous luster. Eyselite is brittle, with an uneven fracture, and is nonfluorescent. The aggregates are soft; D (calc.) is 3.639 g/cm (super 3) for the empirical formula. It is biaxial positive, and two indices of refraction exceed 1.80; 2V (meas.) is large; pale yellow in plane-polarized light, with no pleochroism, low birefringence, moderate anisotropy, and length-fast. Averaged results of electron-microprobe analyses yield CaO 0.06, Fe (sub 2) O (sub 3) 18.54, Ga (sub 2) O (sub 3) 1.01 GeO (sub 2) 77.75, H (sub 2) O [2.64] (by difference), total [100.00] wt.%. The empirical formula, on the basis of O = 8, is (Fe (super 3+) (sub 0.93) Ga (super 3+) (sub 0.04) ) (sub Sigma 0.97) Ge (super 4+) (sub 2.98) O (sub 6.90) (OH) (sub 1.17) . The infrared-absorption spectrum shows bands for structural (OH). A micro-XAS study shows that all the Fe is trivalent, and the Ge atoms are probably in octahedral coordination. The mineral's name honors the late Walter H. Eysel, Professor of Crystallography, Ruprecht Karls-Universitat, Heidelberg, Germany, for his contributions to the study of germanates and for his numerous contributions to the Powder Diffraction File. JF - The Canadian Mineralogist AU - Roberts, Andrew C AU - Seward, Terry M AU - Reusser, Eric AU - Carpenter, Graham J C AU - Grice, Joel D AU - Clark, Simon M AU - Marcus, Matthew A Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 1771 EP - 1776 PB - Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, ON VL - 42, Part 6 SN - 0008-4476, 0008-4476 KW - eyselite KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - Tsumeb Namibia KW - tennantite KW - iron KW - infrared spectra KW - electron probe data KW - sulfarsenites KW - hydroxides KW - metals KW - sulfosalts KW - Southern Africa KW - germanium KW - oxides KW - Africa KW - germanite KW - spectra KW - renierite KW - Namibia KW - SEM data KW - new minerals KW - sulfogermanates KW - formula KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51644411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Eyselite%2C+Fe+%28super+3%2B%29+Ge+%28super+4%2B%29+%28sub+3%29+O+%28sub+7%29+%28OH%29%2C+a+new+mineral+species+from+Tsumeb%2C+Namibia&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Andrew+C%3BSeward%2C+Terry+M%3BReusser%2C+Eric%3BCarpenter%2C+Graham+J+C%3BGrice%2C+Joel+D%3BClark%2C+Simon+M%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=42%2C+Part+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Canadian+Mineralogist&rft.issn=00084476&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/template/EJournal/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAMIA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; electron probe data; eyselite; formula; germanite; germanium; hydroxides; infrared spectra; iron; metals; Namibia; new minerals; oxides; renierite; SEM data; Southern Africa; spectra; sulfarsenites; sulfogermanates; sulfosalts; tennantite; Tsumeb Namibia; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron powder diffraction studies of small-volume samples synthesized at high P-T AN - 51548929; 2006-067380 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Chen, J AU - Lager, G A AU - Kunz, M AU - Ulmer, P AU - Hansen, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract T41B EP - 1179 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - olivine group KW - bonding KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - infrared spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - rheology KW - wadsleyite KW - orthosilicates KW - spectra KW - deuterium KW - thermodynamic properties KW - synthesis KW - P-T conditions KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - Rietveld refinement KW - powder method KW - high pressure KW - nesosilicates KW - hydrogen KW - volume KW - neutron diffraction data KW - high temperature KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51548929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Neutron+powder+diffraction+studies+of+small-volume+samples+synthesized+at+high+P-T&rft.au=Chen%2C+J%3BLager%2C+G+A%3BKunz%2C+M%3BUlmer%2C+P%3BHansen%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; deuterium; experimental studies; high pressure; high temperature; hydrogen; infrared spectra; isotopes; laboratory studies; nesosilicates; neutron diffraction data; olivine group; orthosilicates; oxygen; P-T conditions; powder method; pressure; rheology; Rietveld refinement; silicates; spectra; stable isotopes; synthesis; temperature; thermodynamic properties; volume; wadsleyite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The phase diagram of talc, 10A phase and 3.64A phase AN - 51548034; 2006-067378 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Clark, S M AU - Gleason, A E AU - Pawley, A R AU - Parry, S AU - Walter, M J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract T41B EP - 1177 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - water KW - silicates KW - upper mantle KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - crystal systems KW - triclinic system KW - mantle KW - crystal structure KW - subduction KW - high pressure KW - synchrotron radiation KW - laboratory studies KW - phase equilibria KW - talc KW - volume KW - mica structure KW - sheet silicates KW - anvil cells KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51548034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+phase+diagram+of+talc%2C+10A+phase+and+3.64A+phase&rft.au=Clark%2C+S+M%3BGleason%2C+A+E%3BPawley%2C+A+R%3BParry%2C+S%3BWalter%2C+M+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anvil cells; crystal structure; crystal systems; experimental studies; high pressure; laboratory studies; mantle; mica structure; phase equilibria; pressure; sheet silicates; silicates; subduction; synchrotron radiation; talc; triclinic system; upper mantle; volume; water; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical monitoring for the Frio Pilot CO2 injection test AN - 51494200; 2007-013753 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Myer, L AU - Hovorka, S AU - Daley, T AU - Wilt, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract GC54A EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - technology KW - geophysical surveys KW - Frio Pilot Test Site KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - electromagnetic methods KW - seismic profiles KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - Frio Formation KW - Texas KW - Paleogene KW - depth KW - seismic methods KW - Tertiary KW - boreholes KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - waste disposal KW - storage KW - Oligocene KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51494200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geophysical+monitoring+for+the+Frio+Pilot+CO2+injection+test&rft.au=Myer%2C+L%3BHovorka%2C+S%3BDaley%2C+T%3BWilt%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Myer&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; depth; electromagnetic methods; Frio Formation; Frio Pilot Test Site; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; injection; monitoring; Oligocene; Paleogene; pollution; seismic methods; seismic profiles; storage; surveys; technology; Tertiary; Texas; three-dimensional models; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-year observations of metal concentrations in major Arctic rivers AN - 51490818; 2007-019263 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Guay, C K AU - Zhulidov, A V AU - Robarts, R D AU - Zhulidov, D A AU - Gurtovaya, T Y AU - Holmes, R M AU - Peterson, B J AU - McClelland, J W AU - Headley, J V AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract C41A EP - 0187 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - stream sediments KW - Kolyma River KW - rivers and streams KW - suspended materials KW - Russian Federation KW - Ob River KW - Mackenzie River KW - Lena River KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - PARTNERS Program KW - sediments KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - concentration KW - annual variations KW - Arctic region KW - surface water KW - Yenisei River KW - hydrochemistry KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - runoff KW - Yukon River KW - seasonal variations KW - fluvial environment KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51490818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Multi-year+observations+of+metal+concentrations+in+major+Arctic+rivers&rft.au=Guay%2C+C+K%3BZhulidov%2C+A+V%3BRobarts%2C+R+D%3BZhulidov%2C+D+A%3BGurtovaya%2C+T+Y%3BHolmes%2C+R+M%3BPeterson%2C+B+J%3BMcClelland%2C+J+W%3BHeadley%2C+J+V%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guay&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - annual variations; Arctic region; Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; concentration; dissolved materials; fluvial environment; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Kolyma River; Lena River; Mackenzie River; metals; North America; Ob River; PARTNERS Program; rivers and streams; runoff; Russian Federation; seasonal variations; sediments; stream sediments; surface water; suspended materials; Yenisei River; Yukon River ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of acetate competition, pH and soil structure on the rates and pathways of methane formation in tropical rain forest soils AN - 51438084; 2007-054252 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Teh, Y AU - Dubinsky, E AU - Carlson, C M AU - Silver, W L AU - Conrad, M E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract B43B EP - 0156 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tropical environment KW - soils KW - forests KW - forest soils KW - esters KW - experimental studies KW - aggregate KW - methane KW - acetates KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - rain forests KW - alkanes KW - carbon dioxide KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - chemical reactions KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51438084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Effects+of+acetate+competition%2C+pH+and+soil+structure+on+the+rates+and+pathways+of+methane+formation+in+tropical+rain+forest+soils&rft.au=Teh%2C+Y%3BDubinsky%2C+E%3BCarlson%2C+C+M%3BSilver%2C+W+L%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Teh&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetates; aggregate; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; bacteria; biogenic processes; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; esters; experimental studies; forest soils; forests; genesis; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; methane; organic compounds; pH; rain forests; soils; tropical environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical factors affecting release of U(VI) from soils AN - 51386291; 2007-090629 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zheng, Z AU - Wan, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H53A EP - 1200 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - desorption KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - solubility KW - hexavalent uranium KW - transport KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - chemical properties KW - uranium KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51386291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geochemical+factors+affecting+release+of+U%28VI%29+from+soils&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Z%3BWan%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; bioavailability; chemical properties; desorption; geochemistry; hexavalent uranium; metals; mobility; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; pollutants; pollution; soil pollution; soils; solubility; Tennessee; transport; United States; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Annual growth bands in Hymenaea courbaril; implications for utilization in tropical paleoclimate reconstructions AN - 51372716; 2007-106517 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Westbrook, J A AU - Guilderson, T AU - Colinvaux, P A AU - D'Arrigo, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract PP43A EP - 0616 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tropical environment KW - Spermatophyta KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - calibration KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - Dicotyledoneae KW - stable isotopes KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - carbon KW - absolute age KW - Panama KW - Plantae KW - Quaternary KW - paleohydrology KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Hymenaea coubaril KW - Leguminosae KW - tree rings KW - reconstruction KW - C-14 KW - upper Holocene KW - Central America KW - Angiospermae KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51372716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Annual+growth+bands+in+Hymenaea+courbaril%3B+implications+for+utilization+in+tropical+paleoclimate+reconstructions&rft.au=Westbrook%2C+J+A%3BGuilderson%2C+T%3BColinvaux%2C+P+A%3BD%27Arrigo%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Westbrook&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Angiospermae; atmospheric precipitation; C-14; calibration; carbon; Cenozoic; Central America; dates; Dicotyledoneae; Holocene; Hymenaea coubaril; isotope ratios; isotopes; Leguminosae; O-18/O-16; oxygen; paleoclimatology; paleohydrology; Panama; Plantae; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; reconstruction; Spermatophyta; stable isotopes; tree rings; tropical environment; upper Holocene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancing spatial and temporal resolution of trace elements in sediment cores AN - 51370446; 2007-106496 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Johnson, B E AU - Jimenez-Cruz, M AU - Cliff, S AU - Hunt, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract PP43A EP - 0595 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - pollution KW - calibration KW - Alameda County California KW - trace-element analyses KW - cores KW - climate change KW - case studies KW - California KW - Alameda Naval Air Station KW - spatial variations KW - deposition KW - metals KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - military facilities KW - estuarine environment KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51370446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Enhancing+spatial+and+temporal+resolution+of+trace+elements+in+sediment+cores&rft.au=Johnson%2C+B+E%3BJimenez-Cruz%2C+M%3BCliff%2C+S%3BHunt%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alameda County California; Alameda Naval Air Station; calibration; California; case studies; chemical analysis; chemical composition; climate change; concentration; cores; deposition; estuarine environment; geochemistry; metals; military facilities; pollution; sediments; spatial variations; spectra; trace elements; trace-element analyses; United States; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating coupled groundwater and surface water processes within a land surface model AN - 51351817; 2007-116344 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Maxwell, R M AU - Kollet, S J AU - Miller, N L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H12B EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - three-dimensional models KW - drainage KW - surface water KW - prediction KW - coupling KW - Europe KW - Russian Federation KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - models KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Usadievskiy Catchment KW - drainage basins KW - streams KW - Valdai KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51351817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+in+groundwater+flow+simulations+caused+by+multiple+modeling+approaches%2C+at+the+Mizunami+Underground+Research+Laboratory%2C+Japan&rft.au=Sawada%2C+Atsushi%3BSaegusa%2C+Hiromitsu%3BIjiri%2C+Yuji&rft.aulast=Sawada&rft.aufirst=Atsushi&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM10 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; Commonwealth of Independent States; coupling; drainage; drainage basins; Europe; ground water; models; prediction; Russian Federation; streams; surface water; three-dimensional models; Usadievskiy Catchment; Valdai ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical constraints on the origin of volcanic rocks from the Andean northern volcanic zone, Ecuador AN - 51348307; 2007-123178 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Bryant, J AU - Yogodzinski, G AU - Hall, M AU - Lewicki, J AU - Bailey, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract T33B EP - 1390 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - andesites KW - volcanic rocks KW - subduction zones KW - Ecuador KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - continental crust KW - La/Yb KW - Holocene KW - stable isotopes KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - whole rock KW - Imbabura KW - dacites KW - rare earths KW - crystal fractionation KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - Inter-Andean Graben KW - Carnegie Ridge KW - Quaternary KW - isotope ratios KW - Nd-144/Nd-143 KW - South America KW - metals KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Pleistocene KW - Ba/Nb KW - neodymium KW - crust KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51348307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geochemical+constraints+on+the+origin+of+volcanic+rocks+from+the+Andean+northern+volcanic+zone%2C+Ecuador&rft.au=Bryant%2C+J%3BYogodzinski%2C+G%3BHall%2C+M%3BLewicki%2C+J%3BBailey%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bryant&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - andesites; Ba/Nb; Carnegie Ridge; Cenozoic; continental crust; crust; crystal fractionation; dacites; East Pacific; Ecuador; geochemistry; Holocene; igneous rocks; Imbabura; Inter-Andean Graben; isotope ratios; isotopes; La/Yb; metals; Nd-144/Nd-143; neodymium; Pacific Ocean; Pleistocene; Quaternary; rare earths; South America; stable isotopes; subduction zones; upper Pleistocene; volcanic rocks; whole rock ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laser heated diamond anvil cell at the advanced light source AN - 51283908; 2008-032004 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Caldwell, W A AU - Yu, T AU - Celestre, R S AU - Walter, M J AU - Clark, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract MR11A EP - 0889 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - experimental studies KW - technology KW - laser methods KW - geophysical methods KW - phase transitions KW - anvil cells KW - instruments KW - design KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51283908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Laser+heated+diamond+anvil+cell+at+the+advanced+light+source&rft.au=Caldwell%2C+W+A%3BYu%2C+T%3BCelestre%2C+R+S%3BWalter%2C+M+J%3BClark%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Caldwell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anvil cells; design; experimental studies; geophysical methods; instruments; laser methods; phase transitions; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated Earth science research in deep underground science and engineering laboratories AN - 51283476; 2008-031990 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wang, J S AU - Hazen, T C AU - Conrad, M E AU - Johnson, L R AU - Salve, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract MR11B EP - 0934 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Henderson Mine KW - geophysical surveys KW - underground space KW - Eddy County New Mexico KW - site exploration KW - Homestake Mine KW - New Mexico KW - rock mechanics KW - tunnels KW - ecology KW - Waste Isolation Pilot Plant KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - Minnesota KW - mines KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - Virginia KW - geophysical methods KW - research KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Soudan Mine KW - Kimbalton Mine KW - surveys KW - Colorado KW - South Dakota KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51283476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Integrated+Earth+science+research+in+deep+underground+science+and+engineering+laboratories&rft.au=Grenier%2C+Christophe%3BFourno%2C+Andre%3BMouche%2C+Emmanuel%3BDelay%2C+Frederick%3BBenabderrahmane%2C+Hakim&rft.aulast=Grenier&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=9781118666173&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F162GM12 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colorado; ecology; Eddy County New Mexico; experimental studies; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Henderson Mine; Homestake Mine; hydrology; Kimbalton Mine; mines; Minnesota; monitoring; Nevada; New Mexico; Nye County Nevada; processes; research; rock mechanics; site exploration; Soudan Mine; South Dakota; surveys; tunnels; underground space; United States; Virginia; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Earth science research at the Homestake Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory AN - 51282993; 2008-031993 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Roggenthen, W AU - Wang, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract MR11B EP - 0937 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - programs KW - mines KW - experimental studies KW - geophysical surveys KW - underground space KW - Homestake Mine KW - geophysical methods KW - research KW - seismic methods KW - surveys KW - drilling KW - South Dakota KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51282993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Earth+science+research+at+the+Homestake+Deep+Underground+Science+and+Engineering+Laboratory&rft.au=Roggenthen%2C+W%3BWang%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Roggenthen&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drilling; experimental studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Homestake Mine; mines; programs; research; seismic methods; South Dakota; surveys; underground space; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing a methodology for measuring stress transients at seismogenic depth AN - 51282786; 2008-034535 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Silver, P G AU - Niu, F AU - Daley, T M AU - Majer, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract S13E EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - geophones KW - stress KW - coupling KW - elastic waves KW - calibration KW - wave fields KW - fluctuations KW - cracks KW - transient phenomena KW - seismicity KW - velocity structure KW - velocity KW - seismic waves KW - earthquakes KW - crust KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51282786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Developing+a+methodology+for+measuring+stress+transients+at+seismogenic+depth&rft.au=Silver%2C+P+G%3BNiu%2C+F%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BMajer%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Silver&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; coupling; cracks; crust; earthquakes; elastic waves; fluctuations; geophones; seismic waves; seismicity; stress; transient phenomena; velocity; velocity structure; wave fields ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracing and apportioning sources of uranium to the Hanford reach of the Columbia River using uranium isotopes AN - 51281811; 2008-039138 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Christensen, J N AU - Dresel, P E AU - Conrad, M E AU - Patton, G W AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H41I EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - alkaline earth metals KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - Washington KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - Columbia River KW - government agencies KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - drinking water KW - stable isotopes KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Vernita Bridge KW - metals KW - uranium KW - U-238 KW - discharge KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51281811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Tracing+and+apportioning+sources+of+uranium+to+the+Hanford+reach+of+the+Columbia+River+using+uranium+isotopes&rft.au=Christensen%2C+J+N%3BDresel%2C+P+E%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BPatton%2C+G+W%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; Columbia River; discharge; drinking water; government agencies; Hanford Site; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; U-238; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; Vernita Bridge; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The chemical weathering end member of the coupled physical and chemical weathering system AN - 51279984; 2008-039182 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Navarre, A K AU - Steefel, C I AU - Sak, P B AU - Brantley, S L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H43C EP - 380 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - chemical weathering KW - ion probe data KW - erosion KW - Costa Rica KW - mass spectra KW - coupling KW - clasts KW - terraces KW - physical weathering KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - models KW - saprolite KW - chemical reactions KW - surface features KW - fluvial features KW - coastal environment KW - spectra KW - basaltic composition KW - Central America KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51279984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+chemical+weathering+end+member+of+the+coupled+physical+and+chemical+weathering+system&rft.au=Navarre%2C+A+K%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BSak%2C+P+B%3BBrantley%2C+S+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Navarre&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basaltic composition; Central America; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; clasts; coastal environment; Costa Rica; coupling; erosion; fluvial features; ion probe data; mass spectra; models; physical weathering; porosity; saprolite; spectra; surface features; terraces; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical weathering rates in deep-sea sediments; comparison of multicomponent reactive transport models and estimates based on (super 234) U AN - 51279165; 2008-039187 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Maher, K AU - Steefel, C I AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H43C EP - 0385 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - isotopes KW - deep-sea environment KW - solution KW - CRUNCH KW - laboratory studies KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - major elements KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sediments KW - framework silicates KW - concentration KW - chemical weathering KW - plagioclase KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - diagenesis KW - uranium KW - weathering rates KW - U-238 KW - feldspar group KW - actinides KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51279165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Chemical+weathering+rates+in+deep-sea+sediments%3B+comparison+of+multicomponent+reactive+transport+models+and+estimates+based+on+%28super+234%29+U&rft.au=Maher%2C+K%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; chemical reactions; chemical weathering; concentration; CRUNCH; deep-sea environment; diagenesis; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; in situ; isotopes; laboratory studies; major elements; marine environment; marine sediments; metals; plagioclase; porosity; precipitation; radioactive isotopes; sediments; silicates; solution; transport; U-238; uranium; weathering; weathering rates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vibroseis monitoring of San Andreas Fault in California; what can be done next AN - 51278858; 2008-038791 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Korneev, V AU - Nadeau, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract S31C EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - high-resolution methods KW - imagery KW - monitoring KW - Southern California Seismic Network KW - stress KW - geophysical methods KW - deformation KW - seismic methods KW - California KW - computed tomography KW - San Andreas Fault KW - Monterey County California KW - velocity KW - Vibroseis KW - propagation KW - Parkfield California KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51278858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Vibroseis+monitoring+of+San+Andreas+Fault+in+California%3B+what+can+be+done+next&rft.au=Korneev%2C+V%3BNadeau%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; computed tomography; deformation; earthquakes; geophysical methods; high-resolution methods; imagery; monitoring; Monterey County California; Parkfield California; propagation; San Andreas Fault; seismic methods; Southern California Seismic Network; stress; tomography; United States; velocity; Vibroseis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - VSP and crosswell seismic monitoring of a CO (sub 2) injection AN - 51278290; 2008-038773 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Daley, T M AU - Myer, L R AU - Majer, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract S31B EP - 1055 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - U. S. Department of Energy KW - geophysical surveys KW - government agencies KW - elastic waves KW - feasibility studies KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - carbon sequestration KW - vibrators KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - Frio Formation KW - Texas KW - Paleogene KW - seismic methods KW - gas injection KW - Tertiary KW - surveys KW - testing KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - Oligocene KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51278290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=VSP+and+crosswell+seismic+monitoring+of+a+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection&rft.au=Daley%2C+T+M%3BMyer%2C+L+R%3BMajer%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; Cenozoic; crosshole methods; elastic waves; feasibility studies; Frio Formation; gas injection; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; government agencies; Oligocene; P-waves; Paleogene; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; Tertiary; testing; Texas; U. S. Department of Energy; United States; vertical seismic profiles; vibrators ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature-profile methods for estimating thermally-driven flow processes in superheated rocks AN - 51277832; 2008-039222 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H43I EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - solute transport KW - underground storage KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - water vapor KW - radioactive decay KW - fluid dynamics KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - underground installations KW - hydrodynamics KW - waste disposal KW - rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51277832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Temperature-profile+methods+for+estimating+thermally-driven+flow+processes+in+superheated+rocks&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+J+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fluid dynamics; hydrodynamics; pollutants; pollution; radioactive decay; radioactive waste; rocks; solute transport; temperature; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; water vapor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continental delivery of iron to Ocean Station Papa in the subarctic Pacific AN - 51246434; 2007-127089 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lam, P J AU - Bishop, J K AU - Henning, C C AU - Marcus, M A AU - Waychunas, G A AU - Fung, I Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract OS43A EP - 0532 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Coccolithophoraceae KW - phytoplankton KW - iron oxides KW - bioavailability KW - plankton KW - marine transport KW - algae KW - iron KW - diatoms KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - particulate materials KW - general circulation models KW - Plantae KW - continental margin KW - living taxa KW - clastic sediments KW - subarctic regions KW - nutrients KW - North Pacific KW - metals KW - Pacific Ocean KW - dust KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51246434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Continental+delivery+of+iron+to+Ocean+Station+Papa+in+the+subarctic+Pacific&rft.au=Lam%2C+P+J%3BBishop%2C+J+K%3BHenning%2C+C+C%3BMarcus%2C+M+A%3BWaychunas%2C+G+A%3BFung%2C+I+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lam&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; bioavailability; clastic sediments; Coccolithophoraceae; continental margin; diatoms; dust; general circulation models; iron; iron oxides; living taxa; marine transport; metals; North Pacific; nutrients; oxides; Pacific Ocean; particulate materials; phytoplankton; plankton; Plantae; sediments; subarctic regions; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupling between fluid flow and heat transfer; a mechanism for quasi-periodic variations in CO2 discharges from deep underground sources AN - 51237570; 2008-074825 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Pruess, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract V13D EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - liquid phase KW - expansion KW - pressure KW - fluid phase KW - simulation KW - variations KW - temperature KW - flows KW - carbon dioxide KW - partitioning KW - safety KW - heat flow KW - eruptions KW - cooling KW - heat transfer KW - discharge KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - faults KW - fault zones KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51237570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Coupling+between+fluid+flow+and+heat+transfer%3B+a+mechanism+for+quasi-periodic+variations+in+CO2+discharges+from+deep+underground+sources&rft.au=Pruess%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; cooling; discharge; eruptions; expansion; fault zones; faults; flows; fluid phase; heat flow; heat transfer; liquid phase; partitioning; permeability; pressure; safety; simulation; temperature; underground disposal; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral sequestration of CO2 mixed with H2S and SO2 in sandstone-shale formation AN - 51233371; 2008-077376 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Xu, T AU - Pruess, K AU - Apps, J A AU - Yamamoto, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract GC51B EP - 1058 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - sulfur dioxide KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - ankerite KW - shale KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - sandstone KW - pollution KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - high pressure KW - remediation KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - ecology KW - greenhouse gases KW - dawsonite KW - clastic rocks KW - carbonates KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51233371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Mineral+sequestration+of+CO2+mixed+with+H2S+and+SO2+in+sandstone-shale+formation&rft.au=Xu%2C+T%3BPruess%2C+K%3BApps%2C+J+A%3BYamamoto%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Ki&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ankerite; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; clastic rocks; dawsonite; ecology; greenhouse gases; high pressure; hydrogen sulfide; injection; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; pressure; remediation; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; shale; sulfur dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-frequency dilatational wave propagation through unsaturated porous media containing two immiscible fluids AN - 51230231; 2008-076787 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lo, W AU - Sposito, G AU - Majer, E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H31D EP - 0419 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - capillary pressure KW - porous materials KW - elastic waves KW - fluid dynamics KW - elastic materials KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - time domain analysis KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51230231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Low-frequency+dilatational+wave+propagation+through+unsaturated+porous+media+containing+two+immiscible+fluids&rft.au=Lo%2C+W%3BSposito%2C+G%3BMajer%2C+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lo&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; body waves; boundary conditions; capillary pressure; elastic materials; elastic waves; fluid dynamics; ground water; P-waves; physical properties; porous materials; propagation; reservoir rocks; seismic waves; time domain analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Properties of flow zones in fractured rock AN - 51230051; 2008-076860 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Salve, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H33B EP - 0468 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - waste management KW - spatial variations KW - Yucca Flat KW - tuff KW - Nevada KW - experimental studies KW - prediction KW - Miocene KW - models KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51230051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Properties+of+flow+zones+in+fractured+rock&rft.au=Salve%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; igneous rocks; Miocene; models; Neogene; Nevada; prediction; preferential flow; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; spatial variations; Tertiary; theoretical models; Topopah Spring Member; tuff; underground disposal; United States; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; waste management; Yucca Flat ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A numerical model of chemical and Soret diffusion at crystallizing boundaries AN - 51230010; 2008-076684 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract V53A EP - 0620 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - diffusion KW - numerical models KW - numerical analysis KW - prediction KW - simulation KW - melts KW - phase equilibria KW - magmas KW - heat transfer KW - crystallization KW - Soret diffusion KW - mafic magmas KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51230010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+numerical+model+of+chemical+and+Soret+diffusion+at+crystallizing+boundaries&rft.au=Sonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sonnenthal&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystallization; diffusion; heat transfer; mafic magmas; magmas; melts; numerical analysis; numerical models; phase equilibria; prediction; simulation; Soret diffusion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorptive protection or chemical recalcitrance; how important are minerals for soil organic matter stabilization? AN - 51228827; 2008-077465 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Mikutta, R AU - Kleber, M A AU - Torn, M S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract B13C EP - 0255 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - sorption KW - organic compounds KW - pollutants KW - stability KW - pollution KW - chemical composition KW - environmental effects KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51228827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Sorptive+protection+or+chemical+recalcitrance%3B+how+important+are+minerals+for+soil+organic+matter+stabilization%3F&rft.au=Mikutta%2C+R%3BKleber%2C+M+A%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mikutta&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; environmental effects; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; soils; sorption; stability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron oxyhydroxide mineralization by microbes in terrestrial environments AN - 51228388; 2008-077504 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Chan, C S AU - Fakra, S AU - Banfield, J F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract B21B EP - 0881 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biomineralization KW - Leptothrix KW - experimental studies KW - terrestrial environment KW - iron oxides KW - iron minerals KW - oxyhydroxides KW - Gallionella KW - crystal growth KW - morphology KW - hydroxides KW - organic compounds KW - akaganeite KW - biofilms KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - mineralization KW - macerals KW - polymers KW - alginite KW - microorganisms KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51228388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Iron+oxyhydroxide+mineralization+by+microbes+in+terrestrial+environments&rft.au=Chan%2C+C+S%3BFakra%2C+S%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - akaganeite; alginite; bacteria; biofilms; biomineralization; crystal growth; experimental studies; Gallionella; hydroxides; iron minerals; iron oxides; Leptothrix; macerals; microorganisms; mineralization; morphology; organic compounds; oxides; oxyhydroxides; polymers; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical modeling of pH neutralization of high alkaline-saline waste fluids in unsaturated sediments AN - 51227784; 2008-076789 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhang, G AU - Zheng, Z AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H31D EP - 0421 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - cation exchange capacity KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - aqueous solutions KW - preferential flow KW - models KW - controls KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - liquid waste KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - reactive transport KW - alkalinity KW - waste disposal KW - saline composition KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51227784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geochemical+modeling+of+pH+neutralization+of+high+alkaline-saline+waste+fluids+in+unsaturated+sediments&rft.au=Zhang%2C+G%3BZheng%2C+Z%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; aqueous solutions; cation exchange capacity; chemical properties; contaminant plumes; controls; Hanford Site; liquid waste; models; pH; pollution; prediction; preferential flow; reactive transport; saline composition; sediments; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short timescales of high-silica rhyolite generation in the Mono-Inyo Craters indicated by U-Th isotopic disequilibrium AN - 51227395; 2008-076663 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hart, G L AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Christensen, J N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract V52B EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - subduction zones KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - Mono Craters KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - Inyo County California KW - Bishop Tuff KW - volcanic features KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dacites KW - basaltic composition KW - Long Valley KW - U-238/Th-232 KW - rhyolites KW - Quaternary KW - Mono County California KW - lithosphere KW - isotope ratios KW - Inyo Domes KW - magmatism KW - alkalic composition KW - calderas KW - lava KW - metals KW - magmas KW - thorium KW - Pleistocene KW - uranium KW - Mono-Inyo Craters KW - actinides KW - magma chambers KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51227395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Short+timescales+of+high-silica+rhyolite+generation+in+the+Mono-Inyo+Craters+indicated+by+U-Th+isotopic+disequilibrium&rft.au=Hart%2C+G+L%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BChristensen%2C+J+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkalic composition; basaltic composition; Bishop Tuff; calderas; California; Cenozoic; dacites; igneous rocks; Inyo County California; Inyo Domes; isotope ratios; isotopes; lava; lithosphere; Long Valley; magma chambers; magmas; magmatism; metals; Mono County California; Mono Craters; Mono-Inyo Craters; Pleistocene; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; rhyolites; subduction zones; thorium; U-238/Th-232; United States; uranium; volcanic features; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Xenon isotope releases from buried transuranic waste AN - 51227271; 2008-076800 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Dresel, P E AU - Waichler, S R AU - Kennedy, B M AU - Hayes, J C AU - McIntyre, J I AU - Giles, J R AU - Sondrup, A J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H31D EP - 0434 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - detection limit KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - xenon KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - noble gases KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - fission KW - underground disposal KW - diffusivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51227271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Xenon+isotope+releases+from+buried+transuranic+waste&rft.au=Dresel%2C+P+E%3BWaichler%2C+S+R%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3BHayes%2C+J+C%3BMcIntyre%2C+J+I%3BGiles%2C+J+R%3BSondrup%2C+A+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dresel&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection limit; diffusivity; experimental studies; fission; isotopes; migration of elements; models; noble gases; nuclear facilities; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; soils; transport; underground disposal; waste disposal; xenon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sample-based stochastic approach for modeling of fluid flow through heterogeneous unsaturated fractured rock AN - 51094225; 2008-078815 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhang, K AU - Wu, Y AU - Pan, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H33F EP - 0527 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - site exploration KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - geostatistics KW - preferential flow KW - semivariograms KW - Nye County Nevada KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - heterogeneous materials KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - Yucca Mountain KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51094225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+sample-based+stochastic+approach+for+modeling+of+fluid+flow+through+heterogeneous+unsaturated+fractured+rock&rft.au=Zhang%2C+K%3BWu%2C+Y%3BPan%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; fractured materials; geostatistics; ground water; heterogeneous materials; models; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; pollution; preferential flow; semivariograms; site exploration; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; variance analysis; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reservoir imaging using frequency-dependent seismic attributes AN - 51091505; 2008-038780 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Goloshubin, G AU - Korneev, V AU - Silin, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract S31B EP - 1062 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tomography KW - seismic attributes KW - petroleum exploration KW - imagery KW - numerical models KW - Darcy's law KW - geophysical methods KW - reflection methods KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - frequency KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - computed tomography KW - Biot equations KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51091505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Reservoir+imaging+using+frequency-dependent+seismic+attributes&rft.au=Goloshubin%2C+G%3BKorneev%2C+V%3BSilin%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Goloshubin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biot equations; computed tomography; Darcy's law; fluid phase; frequency; geophysical methods; imagery; numerical models; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum exploration; reflection methods; reservoir rocks; seismic attributes; seismic methods; tomography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid formation and transport at waste plume fronts AN - 51085314; 2008-081407 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Wan, J AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Larsen, J T AU - Zheng, Z AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H23H EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - colloidal materials KW - contaminant plumes KW - cation exchange capacity KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - ions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - waste disposal KW - trace elements KW - leaching KW - saline composition KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51085314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Colloid+formation+and+transport+at+waste+plume+fronts&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BLarsen%2C+J+T%3BZheng%2C+Z%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; cation exchange capacity; colloidal materials; contaminant plumes; ground water; infiltration; ions; leaching; pH; pollutants; pollution; saline composition; suspended materials; trace elements; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infiltration flow path distributions in unsaturated rocks AN - 51082123; 2008-081334 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Olson, K R AU - Wan, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H22B EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - fractured materials KW - soil mechanics KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - rates KW - porous materials KW - mechanical properties KW - preferential flow KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - recharge KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51082123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Infiltration+flow+path+distributions+in+unsaturated+rocks&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+T+K%3BOlson%2C+K+R%3BWan%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; fractured materials; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; infiltration; mechanical properties; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; porous materials; preferential flow; rates; recharge; seepage; soil mechanics; soils; statistical analysis; transport; United States; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an unsaturated region below a perennial river AN - 51064189; 2008-085048 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Su, G W AU - Zhou, Q AU - Constantz, J AU - Hatch, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H21B EP - 1004 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - California KW - unsaturated zone KW - Russian River KW - Sonoma County California KW - Northern California KW - permeability KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51064189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+unsaturated+region+below+a+perennial+river&rft.au=Su%2C+G+W%3BZhou%2C+Q%3BConstantz%2C+J%3BHatch%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; California; ground water; hydrology; Northern California; permeability; Russian River; Sonoma County California; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Parametric forms and the inductive response of a permeable conducting sphere AN - 50855018; 2008-101326 JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Smith, J Torquil AU - Morrison, H Frank AU - Becker, Alex Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - 213 EP - 216 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - power law KW - one-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - unexploded ordnance KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - magnetic properties KW - physical properties KW - detection KW - conductivity KW - electromagnetic methods KW - time domain analysis KW - permeability KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50855018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Parametric+forms+and+the+inductive+response+of+a+permeable+conducting+sphere&rft.au=Smith%2C+J+Torquil%3BMorrison%2C+H+Frank%3BBecker%2C+Alex&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - conductivity; detection; electromagnetic methods; equations; geophysical methods; magnetic properties; mathematical models; one-dimensional models; permeability; physical properties; power law; time domain analysis; unexploded ordnance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data analysis and simulation of in-situ permeable flow sensors for measuring groundwater velocity AN - 50652832; 2008-085100 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Freifeld, B M AU - Su, G W AU - Jordan, P D AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Daley, P F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract H21E EP - 1056 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - monitoring KW - Fort Ord KW - in situ KW - thermal conductivity KW - Central California KW - simulation KW - Monterey California KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - sensors KW - California KW - transport KW - heat flow KW - movement KW - Monterey County California KW - velocity KW - permeability KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50652832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Data+analysis+and+simulation+of+in-situ+permeable+flow+sensors+for+measuring+groundwater+velocity&rft.au=Freifeld%2C+B+M%3BSu%2C+G+W%3BJordan%2C+P+D%3BOldenburg%2C+C+M%3BDaley%2C+P+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Freifeld&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; California; Central California; Fort Ord; ground water; heat flow; in situ; instruments; measurement; monitoring; Monterey California; Monterey County California; movement; permeability; sensors; simulation; thermal conductivity; transport; United States; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscopic and spectroscopic characterization of calcified microorganisms at the nanometer-scale in experimental and field samples AN - 50651451; 2008-077467 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Benzerara, K AU - Yoon, T AU - Menguy, N AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Brown, G E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - Abstract B13E EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - transmission electron microscopy KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - aragonite KW - microstructure KW - calcification KW - scanning transmission X-ray microscopy KW - near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy KW - fossilization KW - organic compounds KW - precipitation KW - microscope methods KW - biofilms KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - calcium phosphates KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectroscopy KW - carbonates KW - microfossils KW - microorganisms KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50651451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Microscopic+and+spectroscopic+characterization+of+calcified+microorganisms+at+the+nanometer-scale+in+experimental+and+field+samples&rft.au=Benzerara%2C+K%3BYoon%2C+T%3BMenguy%2C+N%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BBrown%2C+G+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Benzerara&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292324-9250 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aragonite; biofilms; biomineralization; calcification; calcium carbonate; calcium phosphates; carbonates; experimental studies; fossilization; microfossils; microorganisms; microscope methods; microstructure; near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy; organic compounds; precipitation; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy; spectroscopy; transmission electron microscopy; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Helium isotopes in hot springs and (hot) wells of the Basin and Range AN - 50095622; 2010-014502 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Kennedy, B M AU - van Soest, M C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 SP - abstract U41A EP - 0735 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 85 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - North America KW - Basin and Range Province KW - isotopes KW - crustal thinning KW - isotope ratios KW - magmatism KW - mantle KW - fluid phase KW - fluid dynamics KW - extension tectonics KW - stable isotopes KW - melts KW - Dixie Valley KW - thermal waters KW - ground water KW - noble gases KW - heat flow KW - springs KW - helium KW - tectonics KW - He-4/He-3 KW - hot springs KW - faults KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50095622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Helium+isotopes+in+hot+springs+and+%28hot%29+wells+of+the+Basin+and+Range&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+B+M%3Bvan+Soest%2C+M+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - America Geophysical Union 2004 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basin and Range Province; crustal thinning; Dixie Valley; extension tectonics; faults; fluid dynamics; fluid phase; ground water; He-4/He-3; heat flow; helium; hot springs; isotope ratios; isotopes; magmatism; mantle; melts; noble gases; North America; springs; stable isotopes; tectonics; thermal waters ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical characterization using geophysical data and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods: A case study at the South Oyster bacterial transport site in Virginia AN - 20151838; 6112019 AB - The study demonstrates the use of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) tomographic data for estimating sediment geochemical parameters using data collected at the Department of Energy South Oyster bacterial transport site in Virginia. By exploiting the site-specific mutual dependence of GPR attenuation and extractable Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations on lithofacies, we develop a statistical model in which lithofacies and Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations at each pixel between the boreholes are considered as random variables. The unknown variables are estimated by conditioning to the colocated GPR data and the lithofacies measurements along boreholes using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Cross- validation results show that the geophysical data, constrained by lithofacies, have the potential for providing high-resolution, multidimensional information on extractable Fe(II) and Fe(III) concentrations at the South Oyster site. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Rubin, Yoram AU - Murray, Chris AU - Roden, Eric AU - Majer, Ernest AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - December 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org] VL - 40 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - oysters KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. W12412 KW - geochemical characterization KW - geophysical data KW - MCMC KW - statistical model KW - 1831 Hydrology: Groundwater quality KW - 1869 Hydrology: Stochastic processes KW - 3230 Mathematical Geophysics: Numerical solutions KW - 0689 Electromagnetics: Wave propagation (4275) KW - 1099 Geochemistry: General or miscellaneous. KW - Bacteria in groundwater KW - Groundwater quality KW - Water resources KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Water quality KW - Groundwater Data KW - Geophysics KW - Water Quality KW - USA, Virginia KW - Methodology KW - Markov Process KW - Oysters KW - Statistical Models KW - Groundwater KW - Statistical analysis KW - Monte Carlo method KW - Boreholes KW - Models KW - Lithofacies KW - Bacteria KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Case Studies KW - Geochemistry KW - Statistical models KW - Sediments KW - Geophysical data KW - Energy KW - Radar KW - Geophysical data analysis KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - O 3010:Geology and Geophysics KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20151838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Geochemical+characterization+using+geophysical+data+and+Markov+Chain+Monte+Carlo+methods%3A+A+case+study+at+the+South+Oyster+bacterial+transport+site+in+Virginia&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BRubin%2C+Yoram%3BMurray%2C+Chris%3BRoden%2C+Eric%3BMajer%2C+Ernest&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002883 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Geochemical N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geophysical data; Statistical models; Geochemistry; Statistical analysis; Lithofacies; Boreholes; Methodology; Mathematical models; Data processing; Energy; Radar; Water resources; Sediments; Models; Bacteria in groundwater; Groundwater quality; Monte Carlo method; Geophysical data analysis; Bacteria; Geophysics; Groundwater; Water quality; Markov Process; Oysters; Case Studies; Statistical Models; Water Quality; Groundwater Data; Monte Carlo Method; USA, Virginia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002883 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranyl Precipitation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa via Controlled Polyphosphate Metabolism AN - 17707791; 6098301 AB - The polyphosphate kinase gene from Pseudomonas aeruginosa was overexpressed in its native host, resulting in the accumulation of 100 times the polyphosphate seen with control strains. Degradation of this polyphosphate was induced by carbon starvation conditions, resulting in phosphate release into the medium. The mechanism of polyphosphate degradation is not clearly understood, but it appears to be associated with glycogen degradation. Upon suspension of the cells in 1 mM uranyl nitrate, nearly all polyphosphate that had accumulated was degraded within 48 h, resulting in the removal of nearly 80% of the uranyl ion and >95% of lesser-concentrated solutions. Electron microscopy, energy- dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) suggest that this removal was due to the precipitation of uranyl phosphate at the cell membrane. TRLFS also indicated that uranyl was initially sorbed to the cell as uranyl hydroxide and was then precipitated as uranyl phosphate as phosphate was released from the cell. Lethal doses of radiation did not halt phosphate secretion from polyphosphate-filled cells under carbon starvation conditions. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Renninger, Neil AU - Knopp, Roger AU - Nitsche, Heino AU - Clark, Douglas S AU - Keasling, Jay D AD - Department of Chemical Engineering. Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley. The Glenn T. Seaborg Center. Synthetic Biology Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2004/12// PY - 2004 DA - Dec 2004 SP - 7404 EP - 7412 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 70 IS - 12 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Starvation KW - Nitrate KW - Biodegradation KW - Secretion KW - Precipitation KW - Spectroscopy KW - Glycogen KW - fluorescence spectroscopy KW - Cell membranes KW - Carbon KW - Polyphosphate kinase KW - polyphosphates KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - Electron microscopy KW - Lethal dose KW - J 02732:Other cell constituents and metabolites KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17707791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Uranyl+Precipitation+by+Pseudomonas+aeruginosa+via+Controlled+Polyphosphate+Metabolism&rft.au=Renninger%2C+Neil%3BKnopp%2C+Roger%3BNitsche%2C+Heino%3BClark%2C+Douglas+S%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Renninger&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.date=2004-12-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=7404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Starvation; Nitrate; Biodegradation; Secretion; Precipitation; Spectroscopy; Glycogen; fluorescence spectroscopy; Carbon; Cell membranes; Polyphosphate kinase; polyphosphates; Electron microscopy; Lethal dose; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A strain-promoted [3 + 2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition for covalent modification of biomolecules in living systems. AN - 67081049; 15547999 AB - Selective chemical reactions that are orthogonal to the diverse functionality of biological systems have become important tools in the field of chemical biology. Two notable examples are the Staudinger ligation of azides and phosphines and the Cu(I)-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of azides and alkynes ("click chemistry"). The Staudinger ligation has sufficient biocompatibility for performance in living animals but suffers from phosphine oxidation and synthetic challenges. Click chemistry obviates the requirement of phosphines, but the Cu(I) catalyst is toxic to cells, thereby precluding in vivo applications. Here we present a strain-promoted [3 + 2] cycloaddition between cyclooctynes and azides that proceeds under physiological conditions without the need for a catalyst. The utility of the reaction was demonstrated by selective modification of biomolecules in vitro and on living cells, with no apparent toxicity. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Agard, Nicholas J AU - Prescher, Jennifer A AU - Bertozzi, Carolyn R AD - Department of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/11/24/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Nov 24 SP - 15046 EP - 15047 VL - 126 IS - 46 SN - 0002-7863, 0002-7863 KW - Alkynes KW - 0 KW - Azides KW - Cyclooctanes KW - Glycoproteins KW - Biotin KW - 6SO6U10H04 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Glycoproteins -- metabolism KW - Glycoproteins -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Jurkat Cells KW - Cyclooctanes -- chemistry KW - CHO Cells KW - Biotin -- chemistry KW - Cyclooctanes -- metabolism KW - Cyclization KW - Biotin -- metabolism KW - Cricetinae KW - Azides -- metabolism KW - Alkynes -- metabolism KW - Alkynes -- chemistry KW - Azides -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67081049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=A+strain-promoted+%5B3+%2B+2%5D+azide-alkyne+cycloaddition+for+covalent+modification+of+biomolecules+in+living+systems.&rft.au=Agard%2C+Nicholas+J%3BPrescher%2C+Jennifer+A%3BBertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R&rft.aulast=Agard&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2004-11-24&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=46&rft.spage=15046&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=00027863&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-13 N1 - Date created - 2004-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: J Am Chem Soc. 2005 Aug 10;127(31):11196 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid Formation at Waste Plume Fronts AN - 19419908; 6237272 AB - Highly saline and caustic tank waste solutions containing radionuclides and toxic metals have leaked into sediments at U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facilities such as the Hanford Site (Washington state). Colloid transport is frequently invoked to explain migration of radionuclides and metals in the subsurface. To understand colloid formation during interactions between highly reactive fluids and sediments and its impact on contaminant transport, we simulated tank waste solution (TWS) leakage processes in laboratory columns at ambient and elevated (70 degree C) temperatures. We found that maximum formation of mobile colloids occurred at the plume fronts (hundreds to thousands times higher than within the plume bodies or during later leaching). Concentrations of suspended solids were as high as 3 mass %, and their particle sizes ranged from tens of nanometers to a few micrometers. Calcium carbonate is always one of the dominant phases of the plume front colloids, while the other phases varied with solution pH and temperature. During infiltration of the leaked high-Na super(+) waste solution, rapid and completed Na super(+) replacement of exchangeable Ca super(2+) and Mg super(2+) from the sediment caused accumulation of these divalent cations at the moving plume front. Precipitation of supersaturated Ca super(2+)/Mg super(2+)-bearing minerals caused dramatic pH reduction at the plume front. In turn, the reduced pH caused precipitation of other minerals. This understanding can help predict the behavior of contaminant trace elements carried by the tank waste solutions and could not have been obtained through conventional batch studies. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Wan, J AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Saiz, E AU - Larsen, J T AU - Zheng, Z AU - Couture, R A AD - Earth Sciences and Material Science Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, jwan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/11/15/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Nov 15 SP - 6066 EP - 6073 VL - 38 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Colloids KW - Particle Size KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Trace elements KW - USA, Washington KW - Plumes KW - Sediment Transport KW - Particle size KW - Metals KW - Sediment pollution KW - Suspended Sediments KW - Leakage KW - Leaching KW - Temperature KW - Wastes KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Cations KW - Infiltration KW - Radioisotopes KW - Accumulation KW - Minerals KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19419908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Colloid+Formation+at+Waste+Plume+Fronts&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BSaiz%2C+E%3BLarsen%2C+J+T%3BZheng%2C+Z%3BCouture%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-11-15&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=6066&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0492384 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Sediment pollution; Leaching; Colloids; Pollution dispersion; Radioisotopes; Wastes; Suspended particulate matter; Trace elements; Sediment Transport; Metals; Suspended Sediments; Leakage; Particle Size; Temperature; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Cations; Infiltration; Plumes; Minerals; Accumulation; USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0492384 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of hydraulic conductivity in an alluvial system using temperatures. AN - 67155549; 15584302 AB - Well water temperatures are often collected simultaneously with water levels; however, temperature data are generally considered only as a water quality parameter and are not utilized as an environmental tracer. In this paper, water levels and seasonal temperatures are used to estimate hydraulic conductivities in a stream-aquifer system. To demonstrate this method, temperatures and water levels are analyzed from six observation wells along an example study site, the Russian River in Sonoma County, California. The range in seasonal ground water temperatures in these wells varied from <0.2 degrees C in two wells to approximately 8 degrees C in the other four wells from June to October 2000. The temperature probes in the six wells are located at depths between 3.5 and 7.1 m relative to the river channel. Hydraulic conductivities are estimated by matching simulated ground water temperatures to the observed ground water temperatures. An anisotropy of 5 (horizontal to vertical hydraulic conductivity) generally gives the best fit to the observed temperatures. Estimated conductivities vary over an order of magnitude in the six locations analyzed. In some locations, a change in the observed temperature profile occurred during the study, most likely due to deposition of fine-grained sediment and organic matter plugging the streambed. A reasonable fit to this change in the temperature profile is obtained by decreasing the hydraulic conductivity in the simulations. This study demonstrates that seasonal ground water temperatures monitored in observation wells provide an effective means of estimating hydraulic conductivities in alluvial aquifers. JF - Ground water AU - Su, Grace W AU - Jasperse, James AU - Seymour, Donald AU - Constantz, Jim AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. gwsu@lbl.gov PY - 2004 SP - 890 EP - 901 VL - 42 IS - 6-7 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rivers KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Seasons KW - Water Movements KW - Water Supply KW - Temperature KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67155549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+water&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+hydraulic+conductivity+in+an+alluvial+system+using+temperatures.&rft.au=Su%2C+Grace+W%3BJasperse%2C+James%3BSeymour%2C+Donald%3BConstantz%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Grace&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=6-7&rft.spage=890&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-02-07 N1 - Date created - 2004-12-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repair of exocyclic DNA adducts: rings of complexity. AN - 67017423; 15499577 AB - Exocyclic DNA adducts are mutagenic lesions that can be formed by both exogenous and endogenous mutagens/carcinogens. These adducts are structurally analogs but can differ in certain features such as ring size, conjugation, planarity and substitution. Although the information on the biological role of the repair activities for these adducts is largely unknown, considerable progress has been made on their reaction mechanisms, substrate specificities and kinetic properties that are affected by adduct structures. At least four different mechanisms appear to have evolved for the removal of specific exocyclic adducts. These include base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, and AP endonuclease-mediated repair. This overview highlights the recent progress in such areas with emphasis on structure-activity relationships. It is also apparent that more information is needed for a better understanding of the biological and structural implications of exocyclic adducts and their repair. JF - BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology AU - Hang, Bo AD - Department of Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Bo_hang@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1195 EP - 1208 VL - 26 IS - 11 SN - 0265-9247, 0265-9247 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Deoxyribonuclease I KW - EC 3.1.21.1 KW - DNA Glycosylases KW - EC 3.2.2.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Deoxyribonuclease I -- metabolism KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - DNA Glycosylases -- metabolism KW - DNA Adducts -- genetics KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67017423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEssays+%3A+news+and+reviews+in+molecular%2C+cellular+and+developmental+biology&rft.atitle=Repair+of+exocyclic+DNA+adducts%3A+rings+of+complexity.&rft.au=Hang%2C+Bo&rft.aulast=Hang&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEssays+%3A+news+and+reviews+in+molecular%2C+cellular+and+developmental+biology&rft.issn=02659247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-12-17 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BNCT dose distribution in liver with epithermal D-D and D-T fusion-based neutron beams. AN - 66789479; 15308157 AB - Recently, a new application of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) treatment has been introduced. Results have indicated that liver tumors can be treated by BNCT after removal of the liver from the body. At Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, compact neutron generators based on (2)H(d,n)(3)He (D-D) or (3)H(t,n)(4)He (D-T) fusion reactions are being developed. Preliminary simulations of the applicability of 2.45 MeV D-D fusion and 14.1 MeV D-T fusion neutrons for in vivo liver tumor BNCT, without removing the liver from the body, have been carried out. MCNP simulations were performed in order to find a moderator configuration for creating a neutron beam of optimal neutron energy and to create a source model for dose calculations with the simulation environment for radiotherapy applications (SERA) treatment planning program. SERA dose calculations were performed in a patient model based on CT scans of the body. The BNCT dose distribution in liver and surrounding healthy organs was calculated with rectangular beam aperture sizes of 20 cm x 20 cm and 25 cm x 25 cm. Collimator thicknesses of 10 and 15 cm were used. The beam strength to obtain a practical treatment time was studied. In this paper, the beam shaping assemblies for D-D and D-T neutron generators and dose calculation results are presented. JF - Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine AU - Koivunoro, H AU - Bleuel, D L AU - Nastasi, U AU - Lou, T P AU - Reijonen, J AU - Leung, K-N AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 5R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. hkoivunoro@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 853 EP - 859 VL - 61 IS - 5 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted KW - Phantoms, Imaging KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Computer Simulation KW - Radiotherapy Dosage KW - Humans KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed KW - Fast Neutrons -- therapeutic use KW - Liver Neoplasms -- radiotherapy KW - Boron Neutron Capture Therapy -- statistics & numerical data KW - Boron Neutron Capture Therapy -- instrumentation KW - Liver Neoplasms -- diagnostic imaging KW - Boron Neutron Capture Therapy -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66789479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+radiation+and+isotopes+%3A+including+data%2C+instrumentation+and+methods+for+use+in+agriculture%2C+industry+and+medicine&rft.atitle=BNCT+dose+distribution+in+liver+with+epithermal+D-D+and+D-T+fusion-based+neutron+beams.&rft.au=Koivunoro%2C+H%3BBleuel%2C+D+L%3BNastasi%2C+U%3BLou%2C+T+P%3BReijonen%2C+J%3BLeung%2C+K-N&rft.aulast=Koivunoro&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+radiation+and+isotopes+%3A+including+data%2C+instrumentation+and+methods+for+use+in+agriculture%2C+industry+and+medicine&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-06-13 N1 - Date created - 2004-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates of silicate dissolution in deep-sea sediment; in situ measurement using (super 234) U/ (super 238) U of pore fluids AN - 51734572; 2005-026036 AB - Bulk dissolution rates for sediment from ODP Site 984A in the North Atlantic are determined using the (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity ratios of pore water, bulk sediment, and leachates. Site 984A is one of only several sites where closely spaced pore water samples were obtained from the upper 60 meters of the core; the sedimentation rate is high (11-15 cm/ka), hence the sediments in the upper 60 meters are less than 500 ka old. The sediment is clayey silt and composed mostly of detritus derived from Iceland with a significant component of biogenic carbonate (up to 30%).The pore water (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity ratios are higher than seawater values, in the range of 1.2 to 1.6, while the bulk sediment (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity ratios are close to 1.0. The (super 234) U/ (super 238) U of the pore water reflects a balance between the mineral dissolution rate and the supply rate of excess (super 234) U to the pore fluid by alpha -recoil injection of (super 234) Th. The fraction of (super 238) U decays that result in alpha -recoil injection of (super 234) U to pore fluid is estimated to be 0.10 to 0.20 based on the (super 234) U/ (super 238) U of insoluble residue fractions. The calculated bulk dissolution rates, in units of g/g/yr are in the range of 4X10 (super 7) to 2X10 (super 6) yr (super 1) . There is significant down-hole variability in pore water (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity ratios (and hence dissolution rates) on a scale of ca. 10 m. The inferred bulk dissolution rate constants are 100 to 10 (super 4) times slower than laboratory-determined rates, 100 times faster than rates inferred for older sediments based on Sr isotopes, and similar to weathering rates determined for terrestrial soils of similar age. The results of this study suggest that U isotopes can be used to measure in situ dissolution rates in fine-grained clastic materials. The rate estimates for sediments from ODP Site 984 confirm the strong dependence of reactivity on the age of the solid material: the bulk dissolution rate (R (sub d) ) of soils and deep-sea sediments can be approximately described by the expression R (sub d) approximately 0.1 Age (super 1) for ages spanning 1000 to 5X10 (super 8) yr. The age of the material, which encompasses the grain size, surface area, and other chemical factors that contribute to the rate of dissolution, appears to be a much stronger determinant of dissolution rate than any single physical or chemical property of the system. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Maher, Katharine AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Lin, Jo Chiu-Fang Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 4629 EP - 4648 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 68 IS - 22 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - mass spectra KW - Europe KW - recrystallization KW - mineral composition KW - Bjorn Drift KW - Wyville-Thomson Ridge KW - sedimentation rates KW - Iceland-Faeroe Ridge KW - in situ KW - clastic sediments KW - Rockall Trough KW - measurement KW - solid phase KW - models KW - deep-sea sedimentation KW - Reykjanes Ridge KW - mathematical methods KW - uranium KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - North Atlantic KW - Iceland KW - carbonates KW - Rockall Plateau KW - pore water KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - clay KW - isotopes KW - Leg 162 KW - fluid phase KW - solution KW - marine sedimentation KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - ODP Site 984 KW - liquid phase KW - Western Europe KW - isotope ratios KW - sedimentation KW - silt KW - weathering KW - ICP mass spectra KW - metals KW - U-238/U-234 KW - actinides KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51734572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Rates+of+silicate+dissolution+in+deep-sea+sediment%3B+in+situ+measurement+using+%28super+234%29+U%2F+%28super+238%29+U+of+pore+fluids&rft.au=Maher%2C+Katharine%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BLin%2C+Jo+Chiu-Fang&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=Katharine&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=4629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2004.04.024 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 119 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Atlantic Ocean; Bjorn Drift; carbonates; chemical composition; clastic sediments; clay; deep-sea sedimentation; Europe; fluid phase; geochemistry; Iceland; Iceland-Faeroe Ridge; ICP mass spectra; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; Leg 162; liquid phase; marine sedimentation; marine sediments; mass spectra; mathematical methods; measurement; metals; mineral composition; models; North Atlantic; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP Site 984; pore water; radioactive isotopes; recrystallization; Reykjanes Ridge; Rockall Plateau; Rockall Trough; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; sediments; silicates; silt; solid phase; solution; spectra; thermal ionization mass spectra; U-238/U-234; uranium; weathering; Western Europe; Wyville-Thomson Ridge DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.04.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling a thermal seepage laboratory experiment AN - 51702426; 2005-049315 AB - A thermal seepage model has been developed to evaluate the potential for seepage into the waste emplacement drifts at the proposed high-level radioactive materials repository at Yucca Mountain when the rock is at elevated temperature. The coupled-process-model results show that no seepage occurs as long as the temperature at the drift wall is above boiling. This important result has been incorporated into the Total System Performance Assessment of Yucca Mountain. We have applied the same conceptual model to a laboratory heater experiment conducted by the Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses. This experiment involves a fractured-porous rock system, composed of concrete slabs, heated by an electric heater placed in a 0.15 m diameter "drift". A substantial volume of water was released above the boiling zone over a time period of 135 days, giving rise to vaporization around the heat source. In this study, two basic conceptual models, similar to the thermal seepage models used in the Yucca Mountain Project, a dual-permeability model and an active-fracture model, are set up to predict evolution of temperature and saturation at the "drift" crown, and thereby to estimate potential for thermal seepage. Preliminary results from the model show good agreement with temperature profiles as well as with the potential seepage indicated in the lab experiments. These results build confidence in the thermal seepage models used in the Yucca Mountain Project. Different approaches are considered in our conceptual model to implement fracture-matrix interaction. Sensitivity analyses of fracture properties are conducted to help evaluation of uncertainty. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, Yingqi AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 34 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - geologic hazards KW - analog simulation KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - physical models KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - Nevada Test Site KW - laboratory studies KW - water-rock interaction KW - heat sources KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - thermal effects KW - underground disposal KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51702426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Modeling+a+thermal+seepage+laboratory+experiment&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yingqi%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yingqi&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analog simulation; experimental studies; geologic hazards; heat sources; high-level waste; laboratory studies; models; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; Nye County Nevada; physical models; radioactive waste; seepage; temperature; theoretical models; thermal effects; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; water-rock interaction; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of aggregation-based growth on heavy metal sorption and precipitation onto nanoscale iron oxyhydroxides AN - 51670974; 2005-068175 AB - Iron oxyhydroxide minerals are present in many natural systems as dispersed and/or aggregated nanoparticles. However, the processes by which iron oxyhydroxides grow from nanosized to bulk particles are not well understood. Furthermore, the effects of particle size and particle growth on heavy metal sequestration, especially during particle aggregation, may have significant implications for contaminant sequestration and mobility. To study the effects of particle size on metal uptake, a series of iron oxyhydroxide batches ranging from 5-80 nm in average diameter was synthesized using a rapid microwave technique followed by aging in suspension at 90 degrees C. The growth of the nanoparticles under these conditions occurs in two distinct stages: 1) rapid growth from 5-60 nm over the first 4 days followed by 2) slower growth from 60-80 nm over the next 28 days. In conjunction with TEM, XRD, SAXS/WAXS, and EXAFS analysis, these trends suggest that the first stage of growth occurs primarily via oriented aggregation of 5-nm poorly-ordered ferrihydrite-like particles, while the second stage includes ripening-based growth and structural rearrangement into goethite. Selected iron oxyhydroxide nanoparticle suspensions of 5, 25, and 75 nm in effective diameter were then used in batch uptake experiments featuring As(V), Cu(II), Hg(II), and Zn(II), metal(loid) contaminants frequently associated with acid mine drainage systems. EXAFS spectroscopy shows that while metal speciation on the 25- and 75-nm particles is identical, differences in both second-neighbor interatomic distances and coordination numbers indicate changes in the mode of uptake on the smallest 5-nm particles. This is thought to be due to changing proportions of binding sites (e.g., edges, corners) and particle morphology evolution from oblong (10-nm particles) to more tabular/acicular (25- and 75-nm particles) as particle size increases. Macroscopic uptake curves of Hg(II) on the same nanoparticle batches demonstrate that the degree of surface coverage varies as a function of particle size independent of surface area effects, also possibly due to different binding site energies. Nanoparticle aging at 90 degrees C in the presence of the metals shows that Hg(II) and Zn(II) form (co-)precipitates during aging while As(V) and Cu(II) do not. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kim, Christopher S AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 260 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - zinc KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - iron oxides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - copper KW - oxyhydroxides KW - arsenic KW - effects KW - crystal growth KW - ferrihydrite KW - TEM data KW - iron KW - microwave methods KW - hydroxides KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - oxides KW - particles KW - heavy metals KW - mercury KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51670974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aggregation-based+growth+on+heavy+metal+sorption+and+precipitation+onto+nanoscale+iron+oxyhydroxides&rft.au=Kim%2C+Christopher+S%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; chemical fractionation; copper; crystal growth; effects; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; heavy metals; hydroxides; iron; iron oxides; mercury; metals; microwave methods; oxides; oxyhydroxides; particles; precipitation; sorption; TEM data; X-ray diffraction data; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Connecting vadose zone nitrate to groundwater contamination at the Hanford Site with stable isotopes AN - 51663452; 2005-073423 AB - The delta (super 15) N and delta (super 18) O of nitrate in de-ionized water leaches of vadose zone core samples are used to identify likely sources of groundwater contamination at the USDOE Hanford Site in south-central Washington. The isotopic compositions of nitrate from undisturbed vadose zone sediments (delta (super 15) N of 4 to 8%, delta (super 18) O of -9 to4%) are consistent with natural soil nitrate from microbialnitrification. The semi-arid climate of Hanford leads to seasonal shifts of 3 to 10 % in the delta (super 18) O values of near surface pore waters, which may have caused the observed range in nitrate delta (super 18) O. Buried caliche layers in the vadose zone have significantly elevated nitrate concentrations (>10x background) with similar delta (super 15) N (0 to 8%) and high delta (super 18) O (18 to 42%) relative to the background soil nitrate. Vadose zone sediments from chemical processing areas at the site also have elevated nitrate levels where concentrated chemical and radioactive wastes leaked from buried tanks or were allowed to infiltrate into the vadose zone through disposal trenches. The isotopic composition of the contaminant nitrate (delta (super 15) N of 10 to 35%, delta (super 18) O of -5 to 5%) was likely imparted by the chemistry used during plutonium recovery processing and is distinct from the background sources. Significant amounts of dilute wastewater were also discharged to the vadose zone in these areas through infiltration ponds. The isotopic compositions of nitrate from 77 groundwater wells have been analyzed. Groundwater samples from undisturbed areas of the site have nitrate isotope compositions similar to background vadose zone nitrate. Samples from groundwater nitrate plumes in the vicinity of the chemical processing areas (concentrations up to 763 mg/L as NO (sub 3) -) have isotopic compositions consistent with a mixture of background soil nitrate and nitrate that has high delta (super 18) O values, such as the nitrate associated with the caliche layers. These data indicate that most of the elevated nitrate concentrations in Hanford groundwater resulted from flushing nitrate out of the vadose zone during low-level wastewater disposal, rather than migration of the high delta (super 15) N vadose zone contamination. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Singeton, Michael J AU - Conrad, Mark AU - Woods, Katharine AU - DePaolo, Donald AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 329 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - caliche KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - waste water KW - plutonium KW - unsaturated zone KW - stable isotopes KW - cores KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - nitrate ion KW - water pollution KW - soils KW - Washington KW - N-15/N-14 KW - isotope ratios KW - background level KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - O-18/O-16 KW - south-central Washington KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - seasonal variations KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - low-level waste KW - actinides KW - pore water KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51663452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Connecting+vadose+zone+nitrate+to+groundwater+contamination+at+the+Hanford+Site+with+stable+isotopes&rft.au=Singeton%2C+Michael+J%3BConrad%2C+Mark%3BWoods%2C+Katharine%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Singeton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; background level; caliche; cores; ground water; Hanford Site; infiltration; isotope ratios; isotopes; leaching; low-level waste; metals; N-15/N-14; nitrate ion; nitrogen; O-18/O-16; oxygen; plutonium; pollution; pore water; seasonal variations; soils; south-central Washington; stable isotopes; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; waste water; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport and biogeochemical reaction of metals in a physically and chemically heterogeneous aquifer AN - 51660821; 2005-073399 AB - Biologically-mediated reductive dissolution and precipitation of metals and radionuclides play a key role in their subsurface transport. Physical and chemical properties of natural aquifer systems, such as reactive iron oxide surface area and hydraulic conductivity, are often highly heterogeneous in complex ways that can exert significant control on transport, natural attenuation, and active remediation processes. Typically, however, few data on the detailed distribution of these properties are available for incorporation into predictive models. In this study, we integrate field-scale geophysical, hydrologic, and geochemical data from a well-characterized site with the results of laboratory batch reaction studies to formulate numerical models of reactive transport in a heterogeneous granular aquifer. The models incorporate several levels of coupling, including effects of ferrous iron sorption onto (and associated reduction of reactive surface area of) ferric iron surfaces, microbial growth and transport dynamics, and cross-correlation between hydraulic conductivity and initial ferric iron surface area. These models are then used to evaluate the impacts of physical and chemical heterogeneity on transport of trace levels of uranium under natural conditions, as well as the effectiveness of uranium reduction and immobilization upon introduction of a soluble electron donor (a potential biostimulation remedial strategy). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Scheibe, Timothy D AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Roden, Eric E AU - Brooks, Scott C AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Chien, Yi-Ju AU - Murray, Christopher J AU - Xie, Yulong AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 325 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - iron oxides KW - isotopes KW - solution KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - ferric iron KW - radioactive isotopes KW - granular materials KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - water pollution KW - processes KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - ferrous iron KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - uranium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51660821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Transport+and+biogeochemical+reaction+of+metals+in+a+physically+and+chemically+heterogeneous+aquifer&rft.au=Scheibe%2C+Timothy+D%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BRoden%2C+Eric+E%3BBrooks%2C+Scott+C%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BChien%2C+Yi-Ju%3BMurray%2C+Christopher+J%3BXie%2C+Yulong%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheibe&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; biochemistry; chemical properties; chemical reactions; ferric iron; ferrous iron; granular materials; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; iron; iron oxides; isotopes; metals; oxides; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; processes; radioactive isotopes; reduction; remediation; solution; spatial distribution; transport; uranium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating field-scale soil hydraulic properties through joint inversion of cross-borehole GPR travel times and hydrological measurements AN - 51658786; 2005-073305 AB - Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements are highly sensitive to transient and non-uniform water distributions. Although GPR travel times are ideal for inclusion in inverse methods that allow for estimation of soil hydraulic parameters, this field of research is at an early stage of development. In the present work, multiple-offset cross-borehole GPR travel times and additional hydrological measurements are used jointly to estimate field-scale soil hydraulic parameters through inversion. The current implementation of our approach allows not only for estimation of the soil hydraulic parameters, but also for estimation of the petrophysical model (in this case, the constitutive model relating the dielectric constant to the porosity and water saturation) and the spatial correlation model of permeability. The usefulness of the approach must be examined for any particular application of interest, because many factors, including flow conditions and measurement configurations, affect parameter sensitivity. We choose to examine the scenario of a point injection of water and the simultaneous collection of nearby borehole measurements. In a 2-D synthetic example, we see that small errors in the petrophysical model result in substantial errors in estimates of the uniform soil hydraulic parameters. This finding is of particular relevance, since in many GPR applications a universal petrophysical model (i.e., non-site-specific) is assumed, or a field-scale model is implemented despite its having been derived at laboratory scale. However, adverse effects from incorrect or unknown petrophysical models are shown to be alleviated by jointly estimating the petrophysical model with the soil hydraulic parameters. Additionally, we consider an example with a heterogeneous permeability distribution, and explore the possibility of estimating its spatial correlation model. Finally, the approach is applied in a 3-D setting to real field data collected at the Hanford DOE site in Washington. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kowalsky, Michael B AU - Finsterle, Stefan A AU - Peterson, John E AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Rubin, Yoram AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Ward, Anderson L AU - Gee, Glendon W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 310 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - crosshole methods KW - radar methods KW - Hanford Site KW - inverse problem KW - elastic waves KW - properties KW - physical models KW - two-dimensional models KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - errors KW - traveltime KW - applications KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51658786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Estimating+field-scale+soil+hydraulic+properties+through+joint+inversion+of+cross-borehole+GPR+travel+times+and+hydrological+measurements&rft.au=Kowalsky%2C+Michael+B%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan+A%3BPeterson%2C+John+E%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BRubin%2C+Yoram%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BWard%2C+Anderson+L%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kowalsky&rft.aufirst=Valeri&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.2144336 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; crosshole methods; elastic waves; errors; experimental studies; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; Hanford Site; inverse problem; laboratory studies; measurement; permeability; physical models; properties; radar methods; soils; traveltime; two-dimensional models; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating aquitards in leaky aquifers AN - 51640165; 2006-003799 AB - Conventional methods of analyzing leaky aquifers usually rely on drawdown data from the pumped aquifer alone. When there is sufficient leakage from an overlying, and/or, underlying aquitard into the pumped aquifer, the curve of drawdown data will usually fall below the Theis curve. Hantush and Jacob (1955) developed their well known r/B solution that has been widely used to analyze this situation. However, they did not consider the effects of storativity, and in a later paper, Hantush (1960) presented a modified solution to include this factor. For some particular problems, such an approach is not sufficient to characterize a leaky system. Is the leakage coming only from the aquitard above the pumped aquifer, or is there some leakage from below? Furthermore, if the system is only slightly leaky and the pump test does not last long enough, the interpretation of the results may end up with r/B=0, meaning no leakage, when there may actually be significant leakage. In his thesis research at Berkeley, Neuman (1966) developed a new solution for the transient behavior of an aquifer with a leaky aquitard that has been of considerable assistance on this problem. The method requires observation wells to be placed not only in the aquifer being pumped, but also in the confining layers (aquitards) above or below, depending on the nature of the problem. The ratio of the drawdown in the aquitard to that measured in the aquifer at the same time and the same radial distance from the pumping well can be used to evaluate the hydraulic properties of the aquitard. The new method is supported by theory and has been applied to a variety of field problems such as the evaluation of: a coastal groundwater basin in California, the tightness of an aquitard (caprock) overlying an aquifer that was being considered for underground storage of natural gas in Illinois, and the potential for inflows of water through an aquitard at the base of an open pit mine. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Witherspoon, Paul A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 466 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - mining KW - Illinois KW - solutions KW - surface mining KW - pumping KW - gas storage KW - storage coefficient KW - aquitards KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - evaluation KW - aquifers KW - California KW - drawdown KW - mining geology KW - open-pit mining KW - interpretation KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51640165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Evaluating+aquitards+in+leaky+aquifers&rft.au=Witherspoon%2C+Paul+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Witherspoon&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aquitards; California; drawdown; evaluation; gas storage; ground water; Illinois; interpretation; mining; mining geology; open-pit mining; pumping; seepage; solutions; storage coefficient; surface mining; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mantle source for CO2-rich springs in the Southwestern U.S.; links between mantle tomography, neotectonics and water quality AN - 51619244; 2006-022006 AB - The Southwestern U.S. has CO2-rich thermal springs, cool springs, and gas fields. Based on studies in Grand Canyon and Rio Grande Rift, these are hypothesized to be linked to deeply circulating fluids associated with extensional tectonics, magmatism and mantle degassing. CO2-rich springs are close to tectonic features such as the Walker Lane, Cenozoic normal faults, St George volcanic trend, Jemez lineament, and Rio Grande Rift. Springs are commonly located along basement penetrating faults, are found with accumulations of Quaternary travertine and are often associated with Quaternary basalts and low mantle velocity zones. Aqueous and gas-phase geochemical tracers can be used to identify possible origins of spring waters. Grand Canyon and Rio Grande rift waters are characterized by T < 25 degrees C, pH from 6 to 9, conductivity from 500-50,000 mu S, and alkalinity from 300-3000 ppm. Waters range from Ca-Mg-HCO3 to Na-Cl-SO4 type, deposit travertine, and are characterized by salts with Cl/Br (wt/wt) from 4-4000. delta (super 18) O values cluster between -14 to -9 % SMOW, and range as heavy as -5 %. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio of representative springs range between 0.7106 and 0.7342. The dissolved gases moving with the spring waters are CO2-rich, ranging up to 99% of the dry gas (water-free); some have He far in excess of atmospheric levels. N2/CO2 and N2/He range from 0.003-10 and 7-10,000, respectively, suggesting that the gases are influenced by magma and mantle degassing. 3He/4He ratios indicate components of mantle 3He ranging from R/Ra of 6 (Walker Lane) to 0.2 (Grand Canyon). These data provide an unexpected link between neotectonics and water quality. Colorado River and Rio Grande salinity increases downstream. Prior explanations used agricultural impacts, and water exchange with marine deposits. However, the range of Cl/Br values is greater than what can be explained by meteoric water evaporation and rock-water interactions with marine deposits, thus requiring the input of basin or crustal brines. delta (super 18) O indicates mixing between meteoric and formation waters/brines. 87Sr/86Sr values require water exchange with basement rocks. Improved understanding of the Western U.S. surface and ground water system requires characterization of the chemistry, distribution, and volume of mantle-derived gases traveling with deeply circulated waters. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Newell, Dennis L AU - Crossey, Laura J AU - Fischer, Tobias P AU - Karlstrom, Karl E AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 509 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - water quality KW - isotopes KW - mantle KW - Walker Lane KW - New Mexico KW - salinity KW - extension tectonics KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - Rio Grande Rift KW - Grand Canyon KW - Cenozoic KW - neotectonics KW - conductivity KW - Western U.S. KW - normal faults KW - tracers KW - springs KW - tectonics KW - pH KW - faults KW - degassing KW - North America KW - meteoric water KW - alkaline earth metals KW - isotope ratios KW - magmatism KW - Southwestern U.S. KW - thermal waters KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - evaporation KW - metals KW - Jemez Lineament KW - strontium KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51619244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Mantle+source+for+CO2-rich+springs+in+the+Southwestern+U.S.%3B+links+between+mantle+tomography%2C+neotectonics+and+water+quality&rft.au=Newell%2C+Dennis+L%3BCrossey%2C+Laura+J%3BFischer%2C+Tobias+P%3BKarlstrom%2C+Karl+E%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newell&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; conductivity; degassing; evaporation; extension tectonics; faults; Grand Canyon; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jemez Lineament; magmatism; mantle; metals; meteoric water; neotectonics; New Mexico; normal faults; North America; pH; Rio Grande Rift; salinity; Southwestern U.S.; springs; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; tectonics; temperature; thermal waters; tomography; tracers; United States; Walker Lane; water quality; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of a reverse fault on microcrack and permeability anisotropy in granite, Tono area, central Japan AN - 51608597; 2006-028914 AB - Brittle deformation in granite generates a fracture system with different patterns. In fault zones, fracture connectivity is perhaps the most important factor that controls fluid permeability. To understand the relationship between deformation and permeability in granite affected by high angle reverse fault, we performed fracture analysis and permeability measurements in drill core samples from the Toki Granite in Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. Detailed fracture analyses at both macroscopic and microscopic scales, together with characterization of drill-core physical properties, are performed in four different domains in the granite: (1) undeformed granite, (2) fractured granite with cataclastic seams, (3) fractured granite from the damage zone, and (4) foliated cataclasite from the core of the fault. Intact samples of these four domains, taken from horizontal and vertical orientations, show developing fracture anisotropy toward the fault, especially in the damage zone. Microstructural observations suggest that fragmentation of crystals results in grain-size reduction within the fault zone and anisotropy in microcrack development within the damage zone. Bulk porosity varies from 0.54% for unaltered fresh granite to over 5.4% for foliated cataclasite from the central part of the fault zone. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) technique is applied to visualize the fracture anisotropy developed in resin-impregnated samples. Microcracks under CLSM were mainly observed along grain boundaries, mineral cleavage, and intragranular fractures. CLSM visualize network-type microcracks in horizontal sections and elongated open-type microcracks in vertical sections. Permeability measurements were performed using pore oscillation technique with nitrogen gas as a pore fluid. Confining pressure varied from 25 to 200 MPa with, pore pressure kept around 20 MPa. High permeability values were obtained in horizontal sections along network microcracks, values that were one to two orders of magnitude higher than for vertical sections. The findings suggest that network microcracks in the horizontal sections enhance permeability by means of higher connectivity and lower sensitivity to effective confining pressure. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Onishi, Celia Tiemi AU - Shimizu, Ichiko AU - Mizoguchi, Kazuo AU - Uehara, Shin-ichi AU - Shimamoto, Toshihiko AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 428 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - Far East KW - microcracks KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - central Japan KW - reverse faults KW - cores KW - fractures KW - controls KW - plutonic rocks KW - Asia KW - confining pressure KW - cleavage KW - faults KW - orientation KW - cataclasis KW - Tono Japan KW - patterns KW - structural analysis KW - connectivity KW - effects KW - measurement KW - high-angle faults KW - physical properties KW - cracks KW - Toki Granite KW - foliation KW - Honshu KW - Gifu Japan KW - permeability KW - Japan KW - anisotropy KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51608597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+a+reverse+fault+on+microcrack+and+permeability+anisotropy+in+granite%2C+Tono+area%2C+central+Japan&rft.au=Onishi%2C+Celia+Tiemi%3BShimizu%2C+Ichiko%3BMizoguchi%2C+Kazuo%3BUehara%2C+Shin-ichi%3BShimamoto%2C+Toshihiko%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Onishi&rft.aufirst=Celia&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; Asia; cataclasis; central Japan; cleavage; confining pressure; connectivity; controls; cores; cracks; effects; Far East; faults; foliation; fractures; Gifu Japan; granites; high-angle faults; Honshu; igneous rocks; Japan; measurement; microcracks; orientation; patterns; permeability; physical properties; plutonic rocks; reverse faults; structural analysis; Toki Granite; Tono Japan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow regimes on smooth fracture surface replica AN - 51584980; 2006-045777 AB - Recent flow visualization experiments and conceptual modeling efforts enabled identification of several distinct flow regimes in unsaturated individual fractures subjected to different initial and boundary conditions. Delineation of these dissimilar flow regimes is an essential step in the development of a self-consistent conceptual model of flow for single fractures. This study is concerned with flow on relatively smooth fracture surfaces. We present theoretical constraints for the existence of some important flow regimes in idealized smooth fracture surfaces. The flow regimes considered, in the order of increasing flow rate, are: flow of adsorbed film, sliding drops, rivulet flow, stable film flow, and wavy film flow. These theoretical analyses are corroborated with observations from flow visualization experiments. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Ghezzehei, Teamrat A AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 392 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - models KW - visualization KW - fractures KW - experimental studies KW - identification KW - movement KW - rates KW - adsorption KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51584980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Flow+regimes+on+smooth+fracture+surface+replica&rft.au=Ghezzehei%2C+Teamrat+A%3BSalve%2C+Rohit%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ghezzehei&rft.aufirst=Teamrat&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=392&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; experimental studies; fractures; ground water; identification; models; movement; rates; visualization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling study of the temporal damping effect in unsaturated fractured rock of Yucca Mountain AN - 51584507; 2006-045776 AB - Performance assessment of the Yucca Mountain unsaturated zone as an underground repository of radioactive waste is based on a crucial assumption that physical processes in the unsaturated zone can be approximated as a steady-state condition. Justification of such an assumption relies on temporal damping effects of certain geological units within the unsaturated formation. In particular, the nonwelded tuff of the Painbrush Group (PTn unit) at Yucca Mountain, due to its highly porous physical properties, has been conceptualized to have significant capacity for temporally damping transient percolation fluxes (Wu et al., 2000). Spatially and temporally variable infiltration pulses can rapidly flow through the top layers of highly fractured tuffs (Tiva Canyon welded, TCw unit). At the TCw-PTn interface, welded tuffs grade sharply into nonwelded tuffs. The PTn unit attenuates the episodic infiltration flux significantly, such that the net episodic surface infiltration, once crossing the PTn, can be approximated as steady state. In this study, we use a three-dimensional mountain-scale model (with over a million grid-blocks) to examine the changes of percolation flux in space and time. The damping effect of the PTn unit is investigated through model simulation, and the hydrogeological conditions required to achieve the effective damping are analyzed. The 3-D model incorporates a wide variety of field data for the highly heterogeneous formation at Yucca Mountain. Fracture and matrix flow is treated using a dual-permeability modeling approach. The model is first run to steady state and calibrated using field-measured data. Then, pulse infiltrations are applied to the top boundary. Infiltration pulses are assumed to be present-day mean infiltration, with a one-week infiltration cycle for every 50 years, i.e., the model's top boundary is subject to nonzero infiltration (with a pulse of 2609 times of present-day mean infiltration) for only one week every 50 years. Additionally, the model with non-infiltration boundary conditions is also run for 2000 years to examine the percolation flux attenuation with time at the PTn bottom. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 392 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - fractured materials KW - cycles KW - three-dimensional models KW - unsaturated zone KW - calibration KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - boundary conditions KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - infiltration KW - movement KW - percolation KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - Paintbrush Tuff KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51584507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Modeling+study+of+the+temporal+damping+effect+in+unsaturated+fractured+rock+of+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Keni%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BPan%2C+Lehua%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Keni&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=392&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; calibration; Cenozoic; cycles; fractured materials; hydrology; infiltration; Miocene; models; movement; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; Paintbrush Tuff; percolation; processes; radioactive waste; Tertiary; three-dimensional models; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrical response of flow, diffusion, and advection in a laboratory sand box AN - 51134706; 2005-062223 AB - Self-potential monitoring (SPM) is one of the most promising geophysical methods for hydrologic applications, since any change in subsurface water flow, chemistry, or thermodynamics can induce an electrical response. However, major difficulties may arise because different couplings (e.g., electrokinetics and electrodiffusion) can occur simultaneously. We performed laboratory experiments to isolate the electric response of flow during conditions of constant composition, of ionic diffusion of NaCl in stagnant fluid, and of advective transport of NaCl and KCl. For this purpose, fluid flow and/or salt diffusion were generated in a rectangular sand box, and the resulting electric potential differences were measured between custom-made, small, unpolarizable electrodes. In pure electrokinetic experiments (i.e., flow of water with constant salinity), the electric signal was proportional to the hydraulic gradient and to the salinity, in agreement with previous experimental and theoretical results. The other experiments showed that diffusive and advective transport of salt (i.e., in stagnant and flowing fluid conditions, respectively) can generate significant electric potential differences. Monitoring these potential differences allows determination of the motion of the concentration front in the sand box. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Maineult, Alexis AU - Barnabe, Yves AU - Ackerer, Philippe A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1180 EP - 1192 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - hydraulic potential KW - halogens KW - unsaturated zone KW - salinity KW - electric potential KW - physical models KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - chloride ion KW - movement KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - geochemistry KW - chlorine KW - sand KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - electrical properties KW - diffusion KW - monitoring KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - alkali metals KW - sodium KW - advection KW - hydrochemistry KW - electrokinetics KW - measurement KW - self-potential methods KW - metals KW - potassium KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Electrical+response+of+flow%2C+diffusion%2C+and+advection+in+a+laboratory+sand+box&rft.au=Maineult%2C+Alexis%3BBarnabe%2C+Yves%3BAckerer%2C+Philippe&rft.aulast=Maineult&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; alkali metals; chloride ion; chlorine; clastic sediments; concentration; diffusion; electric potential; electrical methods; electrical properties; electrokinetics; experimental studies; geochemistry; geophysical methods; halogens; hydraulic potential; hydrochemistry; hydrodynamics; laboratory studies; measurement; metals; monitoring; movement; physical models; potassium; salinity; sand; sediments; self-potential methods; sodium; transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring the soil water content profile of a sandy soil with an off-ground monostatic ground penetrating radar AN - 51134684; 2005-062212 AB - We explore the possibility of measuring a continuously variable soil moisture profile by inversion of a ground penetrating radar (GPR) signal. Synthetic experiments were conducted to demonstrate the well-posedness of the inverse problem for the specific case of identifying a soil moisture profile in hydrostatic equilibrium with a water table. In this case, the profile agrees with the water retention curve of the soil. The analysis subsequently extends to an actual case study in controlled outdoor conditions on a large tank filled with sand. Due to the presence of a discontinuity in the actual dielectric profile, inversion of the continuous model (Model 1) led to poor results. Only the surface soil moisture was well estimated. Including the observed discontinuity in the model (Model 2) led to a good estimation of the water content profile. Finally, we observed that the surface water content can be accurately estimated using a simplified three-layer model (Model 3). Generally, the observed confidence intervals on the estimated parameters are large, which denotes a lack of model sensitivity to the soil parameters. We attributed the low sensitivity to the high operating frequency range. Lower frequencies would have been required to obtain more information from the larger depths. Nevertheless, high frequencies allowed for an accurate estimation of the surface soil moisture, which offers particularly promising perspectives in humanitarian demining and agricultural applications. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Lambot, S AU - Rhebergen, J AU - van den Bosch, I AU - Slob, E C AU - Vanclooster, M A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1063 EP - 1071 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - electrical conductivity KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - unsaturated zone KW - Green function KW - physical models KW - layered materials KW - hydrologic cycle KW - dielectric properties KW - sediments KW - applications KW - water KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - inverse problem KW - measurement KW - remote sensing KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Measuring+the+soil+water+content+profile+of+a+sandy+soil+with+an+off-ground+monostatic+ground+penetrating+radar&rft.au=Lambot%2C+S%3BRhebergen%2C+J%3Bvan+den+Bosch%2C+I%3BSlob%2C+E+C%3BVanclooster%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lambot&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1063&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 25, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; clastic sediments; dielectric properties; electrical conductivity; experimental studies; geophysical methods; Green function; ground-penetrating radar; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; inverse problem; layered materials; measurement; moisture; numerical models; physical models; radar methods; remote sensing; sand; sediments; soils; three-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sandbox experiment of self-potential signals associated with a pumping test AN - 51134411; 2005-062224 AB - The flow of water in a charged porous material is the source of an electrical field called the streaming potential. The origin of this coupling is associated with the drag of the excess of charge contained in the vicinity of the pore-water interface by the pore fluid flow. In this paper, we present a sandbox experiment to study this "hydroelectric" coupling in the case of a pumping test. A relatively thin Plexiglas tank was filled with homogeneous sand and then infiltrated with tapwater. A pumping test experiment was performed in the middle of the tank with a peristaltic pump. The resulting electrical potential distribution was measured passively at the top of the tank with a network of 27 nonpolarizable electrodes related to a digital multichannel multimeter plus an additional electrode used as a reference. A detectable electrical field was produced at the ground surface and analyzed with analytical solutions of the coupled hydroelectric problem. After the shutdown of the pump, the electrical potential and the piezometric level exhibit similar relaxation times in the vicinity of the pumping well. This means that the electrical potential measured at the ground surface can be used to track the flow of the groundwater and possibly to invert the distribution of the hydraulic transmissivity of the ground. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Suski, B AU - Rizzo, E AU - Revil, A A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1193 EP - 1199 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - silicates KW - hydraulics KW - silica minerals KW - pumping KW - unsaturated zone KW - physical models KW - ground water KW - pump tests KW - laboratory studies KW - saturated zone KW - levels KW - sediments KW - framework silicates KW - diffusivity KW - water KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - porous materials KW - electrokinetics KW - two-dimensional models KW - self-potential methods KW - quartz KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - sandbox models KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+sandbox+experiment+of+self-potential+signals+associated+with+a+pumping+test&rft.au=Suski%2C+B%3BRizzo%2C+E%3BRevil%2C+A&rft.aulast=Suski&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix; accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; diffusivity; electrical methods; electrokinetics; experimental studies; framework silicates; geophysical methods; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydraulics; hydrology; laboratory studies; levels; physical models; porous materials; pump tests; pumping; quartz; sand; sandbox models; saturated zone; sediments; self-potential methods; silica minerals; silicates; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-domain reflectometry probe for water content and electrical conductivity measurements in saline porous media AN - 51134352; 2005-062219 AB - A new coated time-domain reflectometry (TDR) probe design is described and evaluated. In contrast to previous coated TDR probes, our probe may be used to measure both the dielectric constant (Ka) and bulk electrical conductivity (sigma a) in saline porous media. This was made possible by attaching two coaxial cables to a 0.27-m three-rod probe with a coated central rod. The shield of the first cable was connected to one of the outer rods and the conductor was connected to the coated central rod. The conductor and shield of the other coaxial cable were connected to each of the two outer rods, respectively. Thus, our probe consists of two unbalanced, two-rod probes. The probe is called coated-uncoated probe (CUP). Four prototypes with two different coating materials (i.e., polyolefin and kynar heat-shrink tubes) were evaluated. The probes were calibrated in several fluids having different Ka and sigma a. The Ka measurement of the coated part of the probe was successfully fitted to target Ka using a two-phase dielectric mixing model. Due to signal attenuation, measurements of Ka were not possible for sigma a higher than 9 dS m-1 for the polyolefin-coated probes whereas the upper limits for the kynar-coated probes and the uncoated probe were 5 and 2.5 dS m-1, respectively. Measurements of sigma a are only possible with the uncoated part. Measurements of Ka and sigma a were also taken during three upward infiltration experiments in sand using soil solution electrical conductivities of 0.01, 6.31, and 12.03 dS m-1. For the uncoated part, Ka could not be measured when sigma a was higher than about 2 dS m-1, whereas Ka measurements were possible using the coated part even when {sigma}a was 3 dS m-1. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Persson, Magnus AU - Bendz, David AU - Flyhammer, Peter A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1146 EP - 1151 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - hydrology KW - electrical conductivity KW - moisture KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - porous materials KW - calibration KW - salinity KW - dielectric constant KW - coated probes KW - applications KW - time domain reflectometry KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Time-domain+reflectometry+probe+for+water+content+and+electrical+conductivity+measurements+in+saline+porous+media&rft.au=Persson%2C+Magnus%3BBendz%2C+David%3BFlyhammer%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Persson&rft.aufirst=Magnus&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; calibration; coated probes; dielectric constant; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; geophysical methods; hydrology; instruments; moisture; porous materials; salinity; time domain reflectometry; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging of water content distributions inside a lysimeter using GPR tomography AN - 51133818; 2005-062216 AB - In a study to investigate water content distributions inside a lysimeter in a noninvasive manner, we used ground penetrating radar (GPR) tomography. Our main objective was to evaluate the temporal changes and spatial distributions of the volumetric water content after a short but intensive irrigation of part of the lysimeter. High frequency GPR antennas of 1-GHz nominal frequency were used because of the small spatial dimensions of the investigated lysimeter (cylinder of 1.5-m height and 1.2-m diameter) and the desired spatial resolution in the range of decimeters. To ensure a relatively steady distribution of water inside the lysimeter for the time-consuming tomographic survey, simple parallel transmission measurements were used to track the water dynamics. Water contents and water content changes were calculated by means of a mixing formula describing the relation between electromagnetic wave propagation velocity and the water content. The transmission measurements indicate a diffusive process following the irrigation for a duration of several hours. The tomographic measurements clearly show the area of increased water content associated with the irrigation. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Schmalholz, Juergen AU - Stoffregen, Heiner AU - Kemna, Andreas AU - Yaramanci, Uger A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1106 EP - 1115 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - water KW - tomography KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - REFLEX computer program KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - inverse problem KW - temperature KW - irrigation KW - hydrologic cycle KW - dielectric properties KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - applications KW - lysimeters KW - image analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Imaging+of+water+content+distributions+inside+a+lysimeter+using+GPR+tomography&rft.au=Schmalholz%2C+Juergen%3BStoffregen%2C+Heiner%3BKemna%2C+Andreas%3BYaramanci%2C+Uger&rft.aulast=Schmalholz&rft.aufirst=Juergen&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; clastic sediments; dielectric properties; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; image analysis; inverse problem; irrigation; lysimeters; moisture; radar methods; REFLEX computer program; sand; sediments; temperature; tomography; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vertical radar profiles for the characterization of deep vadose zones AN - 51133769; 2005-062215 AB - The deep vadose zone, down to a few tens of meters below the soil surface, is difficult to investigate and characterize, especially from a hydraulic point of view. We present a method well suited for this purpose, that makes use of a radar transmitting antenna at the surface and a radar receiving antenna deployed in a plastic-cased borehole. The technique is often referred to as vertical radar profiling (VRP). Vertical radar profiling yields information on (i) the distribution of radar velocity as a function of depth, from which moisture content distributions can be inferred, and (ii) the presence of reflecting horizons within the formation, often associated with lithological contacts. High-resolution, time-lapse VRPs were acquired from October 2002 to December 2003 at a contaminated site in Trecate, Northern Italy, from several existing boreholes originally installed for monitoring and remediation, with the aim of characterizing the dynamic hydrologic behavior of the deep vadose zone. We discuss data acquisition, processing, and inversion of these VRP data to derive moisture content profiles as a function of time. The VRP-derived moisture content profiles were used to calibrate a dynamic Richards' equation model via a Monte Carlo inversion approach. In this way, it was possible to identify the value of subsurface hydraulic parameters, in particular hydraulic conductivity, of the main lithological units, and the parameters' uncertainty. The location of lithology contacts was derived via analysis of up-going radar reflection events contained in the same VRP data. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Cassiani, Giorgio AU - Strobbia, Claudio AU - Gallotti, Laura A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1093 EP - 1105 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - geophysical surveys KW - vertical radar profiles KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - Europe KW - gravel KW - Po Valley KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - ground water KW - hydrologic cycle KW - Richards equation KW - time-lapse methods KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - applications KW - HYDRUS KW - water KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - high-resolution methods KW - clastic sediments KW - Trecate Italy KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - inverse problem KW - direct problem KW - depth KW - boundary conditions KW - Piemonte Italy KW - aquifers KW - lithofacies KW - boreholes KW - alluvium aquifers KW - infiltration KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Vertical+radar+profiles+for+the+characterization+of+deep+vadose+zones&rft.au=Cassiani%2C+Giorgio%3BStrobbia%2C+Claudio%3BGallotti%2C+Laura&rft.aulast=Cassiani&rft.aufirst=Giorgio&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1093&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; applications; aquifers; boreholes; boundary conditions; clastic sediments; depth; direct problem; electromagnetic methods; Europe; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; gravel; ground water; high-resolution methods; hydraulic conductivity; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; HYDRUS; infiltration; inverse problem; Italy; lithofacies; moisture; Monte Carlo analysis; Piemonte Italy; Po Valley; radar methods; Richards equation; sand; sediments; Southern Europe; statistical analysis; surveys; time-lapse methods; Trecate Italy; unsaturated zone; vertical radar profiles; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization of ERT surveys for monitoring transient hydrological events using perturbation sensivity and genetic algorithms AN - 51133595; 2005-062228 AB - A simple yet powerful algorithm is presented for the optimal allocation of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) electrodes to maximize measurement quality. The algorithm makes use of a definition of the sensitivity of an ERT array to a series of subsurface perturbations. An objective function that maximizes the average sensitivity of a survey comprised of a large number of arrays is defined. A simple genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal ERT survey if there is a limited time allowed for survey. We further show that this approach allows for user definition of the sensitivity distribution within the targeted area. Results show clear improvement in the sensitivity distribution. The total sensitivity of the optimized survey compared with typically used surveys composed of one array type. This improved sensitivity will allow for more accurate monitoring of static and transient vadose zone processes. Furthermore, the algorithm presented may be fast enough to allow for real-time optimization during time-lapse surveys. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Furman, Alex AU - Ferre, Ty P A AU - Warrick, Art W A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1230 EP - 1239 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - tomography KW - electrical conductivity KW - monitoring KW - genetic algorithms KW - unsteady flow KW - surface water KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - optimization KW - resistivity KW - variations KW - two-dimensional models KW - transient phenomena KW - sensitivity analysis KW - algorithms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+ERT+surveys+for+monitoring+transient+hydrological+events+using+perturbation+sensivity+and+genetic+algorithms&rft.au=Furman%2C+Alex%3BFerre%2C+Ty+P+A%3BWarrick%2C+Art+W&rft.aulast=Furman&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; genetic algorithms; geophysical methods; monitoring; optimization; resistivity; sensitivity analysis; surface water; tomography; transient phenomena; two-dimensional models; unsteady flow; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A single-rod probe for time domain reflectometry measurements of the water content AN - 51133563; 2005-062220 AB - Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is an increasingly popular method for measuring the water content theta . As opposed to most or all previous studies, in this study we investigated a TDR probe that employs only one single metallic rod for measuring theta . The probe is based on the concept of a Sommerfeld wire. The electromagnetic behavior of the probe is analyzed and experimental results are presented that provide evidence of the probe's applicability and its working principles. Dielectric properties, and hence water contents, obtained with the single rod probe were compared with those of a standard two-wire TDR probe, and with gravimetrically determined water contents. Additionally, we calculated the probe's region of influence (RoI), which was considerably larger than that of standard two-wire probes. We also tested the RoI experimentally. The new probe is easier to install, robust, and has a larger sphere of influence over which the dielectric permittivity distribution is averaged. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Oswald, Benedikt AU - Benedickter, H R AU - Baechtold, W AU - Fluehler, H A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1152 EP - 1159 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - water KW - hydrology KW - transverse isotropy KW - moisture KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - geostatistics KW - elastic waves KW - measurement KW - attenuation KW - dielectric properties KW - traveltime KW - electromagnetic methods KW - time domain reflectometry KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+single-rod+probe+for+time+domain+reflectometry+measurements+of+the+water+content&rft.au=Oswald%2C+Benedikt%3BBenedickter%2C+H+R%3BBaechtold%2C+W%3BFluehler%2C+H&rft.aulast=Oswald&rft.aufirst=Benedikt&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix; accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; dielectric properties; elastic waves; electrical methods; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geostatistics; hydrology; instruments; measurement; moisture; statistical analysis; time domain reflectometry; transverse isotropy; traveltime; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radar detection of buried landmines in field soils AN - 51133528; 2005-062217 AB - The contrast in the dielectric constant between a landmine and the surrounding soil is one of the most important parameters to be considered when using ground penetrating radar (GPR) for landmine detection. For most geologic materials the dielectric constant lies within a range of 3 to 30, with dry sand at the lower end of this range at about 3 to 5. Nonmetallic antitank landmines have dielectric constants within a range of about 3 to 10 depending on their composition. A model was developed to predict whether or not field conditions are appropriate for use of GPR instruments. The predictions of this model were validated using GPR profiles in field soils with different soil textures at various soil water contents. Model predictions and field measurements provide convincing evidence that increasing the soil water content around a nonmetallic landmine can improve detection in sand and silt soils. However, data for the clay soils suggest that under elevated soil water conditions detection of nonmetallic landmines are not improved; instead radar images in these soils become worse with increasing soil water content. Data suggest that detection of metallic landmines also degrades with increasing soil water content in sandy soils. The field data are in agreement with the model predictions. Our experimental and model results demonstrate the great potential and the pitfalls of landmine sensors based on GPR. Knowledge of soil texture, dry bulk density, and water content are necessary to determine or predict whether soil conditions are suitable or not for GPR mine detection. The model presented here can be useful for making this determination. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Miller, T W AU - Hendrickx, Jan M H AU - Borchers, B A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1116 EP - 1127 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - Socorro County New Mexico KW - unsaturated zone KW - New Mexico KW - Socorro New Mexico KW - attenuation KW - size distribution KW - land mines KW - military geology KW - Yuma County Arizona KW - sediments KW - water KW - soils KW - sand KW - MATLAB KW - nonmetals KW - Yuma Proving Ground KW - clastic sediments KW - grain size KW - geophysical methods KW - Yuma Arizona KW - radar methods KW - silt KW - mathematical models KW - detection KW - metals KW - Arizona KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Radar+detection+of+buried+landmines+in+field+soils&rft.au=Miller%2C+T+W%3BHendrickx%2C+Jan+M+H%3BBorchers%2C+B&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arizona; attenuation; clastic sediments; detection; field studies; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; grain size; ground-penetrating radar; land mines; mathematical models; MATLAB; metals; military geology; moisture; New Mexico; nonmetals; radar methods; sand; sediments; silt; size distribution; Socorro County New Mexico; Socorro New Mexico; soils; surveys; United States; unsaturated zone; water; Yuma Arizona; Yuma County Arizona; Yuma Proving Ground ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Obtaining the spatial distribution of water content along a TDR probe using the SCEM-UA Bayesian inverse modeling scheme AN - 51133304; 2005-062218 AB - Time domain reflectometry (TDR) has become one of the standard methods for the measurement of the temporal and spatial distribution of water saturation in soils. Current waveform analysis methodology gives a measurement of the average water content along the length of the TDR probe. Close inspection of TDR waveforms shows that heterogeneity in water content along the probe can be seen in the TDR waveform. We present a comprehensive approach to TDR waveform analysis that gives a quantitative estimate of the dielectric permittivity profile along the length of the probe and, therefore, the distribution of water content. The approach is based on the combination of a multisection scatter function model for the TDR measurement system with the shuffled complex evolution Metropolis algorithm (SCEM-UA). This combined approach allows for the estimation of the 40 parameters in the transmission line model using a series of simple calibration measurements. The proof of concept is given with measurements in a layered system consisting of air and water. Finally, TDR waveforms from layered soil samples were analyzed to estimate the distribution of the water content along the length of the probe. Results show that the proposed method provides much more reproducible results than obtained with the traditional travel time method. Because the proposed method can be fully automated, it increases the applicability of the TDR method, especially in applications where detailed (real-time) data are required on heterogeneous infiltration. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Heimovaara, Timo J AU - Huisman, Johan A AU - Vrugt, Jasper A AU - Bouten, Willem A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1128 EP - 1145 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - scale factor KW - Bayesian analysis KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - elastic waves KW - calibration KW - layered materials KW - SCEM-UA KW - spatial distribution KW - shuffled complex evolution Metropolis algorithm KW - stochastic processes KW - dielectric properties KW - mixing KW - algorithms KW - time domain reflectometry KW - water KW - hydrology KW - functions KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - radar methods KW - optimization KW - inverse problem KW - multi-section scatter function KW - infiltration KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Obtaining+the+spatial+distribution+of+water+content+along+a+TDR+probe+using+the+SCEM-UA+Bayesian+inverse+modeling+scheme&rft.au=Heimovaara%2C+Timo+J%3BHuisman%2C+Johan+A%3BVrugt%2C+Jasper+A%3BBouten%2C+Willem&rft.aulast=Heimovaara&rft.aufirst=Timo&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix; accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Bayesian analysis; calibration; dielectric properties; elastic waves; electrical methods; functions; geophysical methods; hydrology; infiltration; inverse problem; layered materials; mixing; moisture; multi-section scatter function; optimization; radar methods; scale factor; SCEM-UA; shuffled complex evolution Metropolis algorithm; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; time domain reflectometry; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electromagnetic inversion of GPR signals and subsequent hydrodynamic inversion to estimate effective vadose zone hydraulic properties AN - 51132162; 2005-062213 AB - We combine electromagnetic inversion of ground penetrating radar (GPR) signals with hydrodynamic inverse modeling to identify the effective soil hydraulic properties of a sand in laboratory conditions. Ground penetrating radar provides soil moisture time series that are subsequently used as input in the hydrodynamic inverse procedure. The technique relies on an ultrawide band (UWB) stepped frequency continuous wave (SFCW) radar combined with an off-ground monostatic transverse electromagnetic (TEM) horn antenna. Ground penetrating radar signal forward modeling is based on the exact solution of the three-dimensional Maxwell equations for describing free wave propagation and on linear systems in series and parallel for describing wave propagation in the antenna. Water flow in the sand is described by the one-dimensional Richards equation using the Mualem-van Genuchten parameterization. Both model inversions are formulated by the classical least-squares problem and are performed iteratively using advanced global optimization techniques. Compared with time domain reflectometry (TDR), results demonstrated the appropriateness of the GPR integrated approach to measure soil moisture remotely. In particular, the approach was found to be less sensitive to the inherent small-scale heterogeneities. Hydrodynamic inversion of soil moisture data led to hydraulic parameters agreeing reasonably well with direct measurements. The observed discrepancies were attributed to the different characterization scales and samples. The overall integrated approach offers great promise to map the effective hydraulic properties of the shallow subsurface at a high spatial resolution. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Lambot, S AU - Antoine, M AU - van den Bosch, I AU - Slob, E C AU - Vanclooster, M A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1072 EP - 1081 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - electrical conductivity KW - one-dimensional models KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - Green function KW - physical models KW - laboratory studies KW - dielectric properties KW - Richards equation KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - hydrodynamics KW - time domain reflectometry KW - off-ground methods KW - transient methods KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - drainage KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - radar methods KW - optimization KW - inverse problem KW - stepped frequency continuous wave methods KW - depth KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51132162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Electromagnetic+inversion+of+GPR+signals+and+subsequent+hydrodynamic+inversion+to+estimate+effective+vadose+zone+hydraulic+properties&rft.au=Lambot%2C+S%3BAntoine%2C+M%3Bvan+den+Bosch%2C+I%3BSlob%2C+E+C%3BVanclooster%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lambot&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1072&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 25, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; data processing; depth; dielectric properties; drainage; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; Green function; ground-penetrating radar; hydrodynamics; hydrology; inverse problem; laboratory studies; moisture; off-ground methods; one-dimensional models; optimization; physical models; radar methods; Richards equation; sand; sediments; soils; stepped frequency continuous wave methods; time domain reflectometry; transient methods; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrical streaming potential measured at the ground surface; forward modeling and inversion issues for monitoring infiltration and characterizing the vadose zone AN - 51131824; 2005-062225 AB - Field estimation of the soil water flux has direct application for water resource management. Standard methods like tensiometry or time domain reflectometry are often difficult to use because of subsurface heterogeneity, whereas noninvasive tools such as electrical resistance tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance, or ground penetrating radar are limited to the estimation of the water content. We present an electrical method that provides water flux estimates: streaming potential (SP) monitoring. This cost-effective tool may help to estimate the nature of the flow process (infiltration or evaporation) in the vadose zone. We discuss interpretation strategies in terms of numerical modeling of both hydraulic and electric processes in the vadose zone and propose an inversion scheme that allows the soil hydraulic parameters to be estimated from in situ infiltration experiments JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Sailhac, Pascal AU - Darnet, Mathieu AU - Marquis, Guy A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1200 EP - 1206 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - water KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - hydraulics KW - numerical models KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - coupling KW - inverse problem KW - direct problem KW - simulation KW - electrokinetics KW - two-dimensional models KW - evaporation KW - heterogeneous materials KW - infiltration KW - streaming potential KW - steady-state processes KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Electrical+streaming+potential+measured+at+the+ground+surface%3B+forward+modeling+and+inversion+issues+for+monitoring+infiltration+and+characterizing+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Sailhac%2C+Pascal%3BDarnet%2C+Mathieu%3BMarquis%2C+Guy&rft.aulast=Sailhac&rft.aufirst=Pascal&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix; EOST-IPGS Publ. No. 2004.16-UMR7516; accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coupling; direct problem; electrical methods; electrokinetics; evaporation; geophysical methods; heterogeneous materials; hydraulics; hydrology; infiltration; inverse problem; monitoring; numerical models; simulation; steady-state processes; streaming potential; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vadose Zone Journal AN - 51131783; 2005-062211 JF - Vadose Zone Journal A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1060 EP - 1239 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - hydrogeophysics KW - hydrogeology KW - applications KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1060&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 25, 2005; individual papers are cited separately; most papers from the European Geosciences Union-American Geophysical Union joint meeting, Nice, 2003 and the AGU fall meeting, San Francisco, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; geophysical methods; hydrogeology; hydrogeophysics; hydrology; monitoring; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterizing unsaturated diffusion in porous tuff gravel AN - 51131742; 2005-062203 AB - Evaluation of solute diffusion in unsaturated porous gravel is very important for investigations of contaminant transport and remediation, risk assessment, and waste disposal (e.g., the potential high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada). For a porous aggregate medium such as granular tuff, the total water content is comprised of surface water and interior water. The surface water component (water film around grains and pendular water between the grain contacts) could serve as a predominant diffusion pathway. To investigate the extent to which surface water films and contact points affect solute diffusion in unsaturated gravel, we examined the configuration of water using X-ray computed tomography (CT) in partially saturated gravel and made quantitative measurements of diffusion at multiple water contents using two different techniques. In the first, diffusion coefficients of KCl in 2- to 4-mm granular tuff at multiple water contents were calculated from electrical conductivity (EC) measurements using the Nernst-Einstein equation. In the second, we used laser ablation with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA/ICP-MS) to perform microscale mapping, allowing the measurement of diffusion coefficients for a mixture of chemical tracers for tuff cubes and tetrahedrons having two contact geometries (cube-cube and cube-tetrahedron). The X-ray computed tomography images show limited contact between grains, and this could hinder the pathways for diffusive transport. Experimental results show the critical role of surface water in controlling transport pathways and hence the magnitude of diffusion. Even with a bulk volumetric water content of 1.5%, the measured solute diffusion coefficient is as low as 1.5X10 (super -14) m (super 2) s (super -1) for tuff gravel. Currently used diffusion models relating diffusion coefficients to total volumetric water content inadequately describe unsaturated diffusion behavior in porous gravel at very low water contents. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Hu, Qinhong AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Roberts, Jeffery J AU - Tomutsa, Liviu AU - Wang, Joseph S Y Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1425 EP - 1438 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - sorption KW - electrical conductivity KW - laser methods KW - Basin and Range Province KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - mass spectra KW - waste management KW - Yucca Mountain KW - bimodal distribution KW - diffusivity KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - capillarity KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Tertiary KW - organic compounds KW - radioactive tracers KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - surface area KW - vinyl chloride KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - volcanic rocks KW - cobalt KW - igneous rocks KW - gravel KW - Cenozoic KW - spatial distribution KW - fractures KW - cesium KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - samarium KW - rare earths KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - alkaline earth metals KW - diffusion KW - welded tuff KW - alkali metals KW - laser ablation KW - porous materials KW - Miocene KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - computed tomography data KW - image analysis KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Characterizing+unsaturated+diffusion+in+porous+tuff+gravel&rft.au=Hu%2C+Qinhong%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BRoberts%2C+Jeffery+J%3BTomutsa%2C+Liviu%3BWang%2C+Joseph+S+Y&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Qinhong&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 24, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Basin and Range Province; bimodal distribution; capillarity; Cenozoic; cesium; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; cobalt; computed tomography data; diffusion; diffusivity; electrical conductivity; experimental studies; fractures; geochemistry; gravel; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrology; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; image analysis; laser ablation; laser methods; mass spectra; metals; Miocene; moisture; Neogene; Nevada; North America; Nye County Nevada; organic compounds; porous materials; pyroclastics; radioactive tracers; rare earths; samarium; sediments; solute transport; sorption; spatial distribution; spectra; strontium; surface area; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; United States; unsaturated zone; vinyl chloride; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; waste management; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground penetrating radar measurements in a controlled vadose zone; influence of the water content AN - 51131462; 2005-062214 AB - Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a nondestructive method, which, as with other geophysical methods, has been successfully used to estimate the water content or hydraulic properties of soils. We performed GPR measurements to calibrate and compare water content estimates with actual water contents in a sand box. A vadose zone was simulated by injecting water in a sand box. We obtained four GPR data sets: for dry sand, for sand with water tables at 72- and 48-cm depths, and for sand after drainage. Using the reflections (or diffractions) from the bottom of the sand box (or objects buried in the sand), mean relative dielectric permittivities were determined at several depths in the sand box. These relative dielectric permittivities were used to calculate "real" mean relative dielectric permittivities of a sand box made up of three layers (dry sand, unsaturated sand, and fully saturated sand), knowing that a layer can be subdivided into more layers depending on the depth of the reflections (or diffractions) recorded. We used three relationships between relative dielectric permittivity and the water content to estimate the mean water content for each layer. From these water contents and the known volume of sand considered, we estimated the amount of water in the sand box for each water table. Subtracting the volume obtained for dry sand from the volume obtained for the different water tables gave estimates of the variations in water quantities in the sand box; these were compared with the quantities injected in the sand box. Despite uncertainties in the determination of the mean relative dielectric permittivities, the calculated variations in water quantities were very similar to those injected in the sand box. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Loeffler, Olivier AU - Bano, Maksim A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1082 EP - 1092 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - three-dimensional models KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - common-depth-point method KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - reflection methods KW - layered materials KW - depth KW - measurement KW - diffraction KW - spatial distribution KW - laboratory studies KW - quantitative analysis KW - dielectric properties KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Ground+penetrating+radar+measurements+in+a+controlled+vadose+zone%3B+influence+of+the+water+content&rft.au=Loeffler%2C+Olivier%3BBano%2C+Maksim&rft.aulast=Loeffler&rft.aufirst=Olivier&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1082&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - EOST Contrib. 2004.07-UMR7516; accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic sediments; common-depth-point method; depth; dielectric properties; diffraction; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; hydrology; laboratory studies; layered materials; measurement; moisture; quantitative analysis; radar methods; reflection methods; sand; sediments; spatial distribution; three-dimensional models; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geostatistical reconstruction of gaps in near-surface electrical resistivity data AN - 51131356; 2005-062227 AB - This study was motivated by the need to reduce the effects of various types of noise observed in geophysical field data. We focused on assessing the impact of noise and data gaps on electrical resistivity data and on evaluating whether geostatistical methods (in this case kriging) can be successfully used for restoring missing data before inversion. We used electrical resistivity forward and inverse modeling with a simple fault earth model to produce and invert synthetic datasets. We examined the effects of random background noise, data density deletion, and data gap and noise structure scenarios to study the influence of these factors on the inversion of resistivity data and the subsequent interpretability of the geologic structure. Our results suggest that geostatistical methods are potentially very useful for restoring data points deleted from noisy resistivity field data. Clearly, the efficacy of kriging depends on the level of noise and the amount of data deleted. The inversion RMSE of the kriged files is less than that of the original random background noise files containing all data. The magnitude of the improvement increases as random background noise increases. Even for cases where 80% of the original data were randomly eliminated and there was 10% random background noise, the kriging procedure resulted in significant improvement in the ability to resolve the basement and overburden structure, correctly place the orientation and location of the fault, and identify the downthrown block. At random background noise levels of 20 and 30%, kriging was effective at recovering the major geological features but to a lesser degree. The efficacy of the kriging procedure performed on the noisiest data appears to be a function of the location and magnitude of data gaps induced by editing or missing strings. Finally, the effect that coherent noise has on the efficacy of our approach was studied and contrasted to random deletion. Our study suggested that the geostatistical restoration approach improved the interpretability of electrical resistivity data that had been degraded by noise or data loss problems. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Cornacchiulo, Daniel AU - Bagtzoglou, Amvrossios C A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1215 EP - 1229 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - moisture KW - kriging KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - layered materials KW - stochastic processes KW - synthetic data KW - faults KW - water KW - MATLAB KW - electrical properties KW - RES2DMOD KW - background level KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - inverse problem KW - geostatistics KW - direct problem KW - resistivity KW - two-dimensional models KW - noise KW - geophysical profiles KW - RES2DINV KW - coherency KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Geostatistical+reconstruction+of+gaps+in+near-surface+electrical+resistivity+data&rft.au=Cornacchiulo%2C+Daniel%3BBagtzoglou%2C+Amvrossios+C&rft.aulast=Cornacchiulo&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - background level; coherency; data processing; direct problem; electrical methods; electrical properties; faults; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geostatistics; inverse problem; kriging; layered materials; MATLAB; moisture; noise; RES2DINV; RES2DMOD; resistivity; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; synthetic data; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Topsoil structure influencing soil water retrieval by microwave radiometry AN - 51131314; 2005-062222 AB - Many remote sensing applications, including those of future space missions, require accurate knowledge of the influence of topsoil structure on the water content as measured using L-band radiometry. We report on field-measured L-band (1.4 GHz) microwave emission from a bare soil. Of special interest in this work is the procedure used to transform remotely sensed data to soil water content and its comparability with time domain reflectometer (TDR) in situ measurements. Surface roughness of the soil was characterized on a millimeter scale using an optical measurement technique. Different models for interpreting the microwave signals in terms of the water content were investigated. The agreement between in situ water contents and surface water contents estimated with radiometry data using the Fresnel equation was found to be poor. A coherent layer model, with and without considering roughness effects, was tested to compare radiometrically measured and modeled soil reflectivities. The correspondence remained unsatisfactory, even when we considered a dielectric gradient fitted to the TDR profiles and surface roughness represented by a scattering model. We developed a new air-to-soil transition model, which includes dielectric mixing effects due to small-scale surface structures. This model considerably improved agreement between measured and modeled results. We conclude that small-scale structures of the topsoil cannot be neglected in interpreting L-band measurements. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Schneeberger, K AU - Schwank, M AU - Stamm, C AU - de Rosnay, P AU - Maetzler, C AU - Fluehler, H A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1169 EP - 1179 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - water KW - soils KW - surface properties KW - topsoil KW - air-soil interface KW - moisture KW - roughness KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - L-band radiation KW - radiometry KW - morphology KW - microwave methods KW - dielectric properties KW - interfaces KW - electromagnetic methods KW - air KW - wave dispersion KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Topsoil+structure+influencing+soil+water+retrieval+by+microwave+radiometry&rft.au=Schneeberger%2C+K%3BSchwank%2C+M%3BStamm%2C+C%3Bde+Rosnay%2C+P%3BMaetzler%2C+C%3BFluehler%2C+H&rft.aulast=Schneeberger&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; air-soil interface; dielectric properties; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; interfaces; L-band radiation; microwave methods; moisture; morphology; radiometry; remote sensing; roughness; soils; surface properties; topsoil; unsaturated zone; water; wave dispersion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of solute distributions in the vadose zone using downhole electromagnetic induction AN - 51130590; 2005-062226 AB - We conducted a field experiment to evaluate the ability of downhole electromagnetic induction (EM) measurements to track the migration of a salt plume in the vadose zone. A 6.9 g L-1 slug of NaCl was applied to a 3 by 3 m area for 85 d at a flux of 2.7 cm d-1. Electrical conductivity measurements were collected weekly, using 13 12-m boreholes installed in a 15 by 15 m area. The measured bulk soil electrical conductivity (ECa) was converted to soil water electrical conductivity (ECw) using water contents from neutron probe measurements and clay contents from soil cores. The calculated mass of salt in the profile agreed well with the known mass of salt infiltrated when the appropriate immobile water content was assumed. The low water content, theta w, (<15% by volume) and low bulk soil electrical conductivity, ECa, (<100 mS m-1) measured at the test site presented more resistive conditions than previous studies of this type and were a cause of uncertainty in the results. Good agreement between calculated and known ECw resulted from the ability to measure theta w and ECa in the same locations. Sensitivity analyses showed that the calculated ECw was strongly dependent on the assumed upper limit of immobile water content, and less sensitive to soil temperature and clay content. The results of this study demonstrate that downhole EM methods can accurately characterize water and solute distributions in the vadose zone. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Hall, Laila M AU - Brainard, James R AU - Bowman, Robert S AU - Hendrickx, Jan M H A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1207 EP - 1214 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - clay KW - electrical conductivity KW - neutron methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - moisture KW - Socorro County New Mexico KW - New Mexico KW - downhole methods KW - salinity KW - Socorro New Mexico KW - spatial distribution KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - electromagnetic induction KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - boreholes KW - heterogeneous materials KW - surveys KW - alluvium KW - instruments KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51130590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Determination+of+solute+distributions+in+the+vadose+zone+using+downhole+electromagnetic+induction&rft.au=Hall%2C+Laila+M%3BBrainard%2C+James+R%3BBowman%2C+Robert+S%3BHendrickx%2C+Jan+M+H&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Laila&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; boreholes; clastic sediments; clay; downhole methods; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic induction; electromagnetic methods; field studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; heterogeneous materials; instruments; moisture; monitoring; neutron methods; New Mexico; salinity; sediments; Socorro County New Mexico; Socorro New Mexico; solute transport; spatial distribution; surveys; three-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induced polarization of unsaturated sands determined through time domain measurements AN - 51130549; 2005-062221 AB - We studied the electrical induced polarization (IP) response of simple multiphase porous systems by conducting time-domain (TD) IP measurements on two different groups of sieved quartz samples: sands containing air in unsaturated pores and sands where the unsaturated pores were filled with kerosene. The analyzed chargeability vs. water content relationship showed an extreme behavior. The resistivity vs. water content relationship exhibited two distinct power law regions characterized by different values of the power-law exponents. Quartz-water-air and quartz-water-kerosene samples showed similar behavior. A conceptual model of polarizing cells is proposed to explain the observed IP phenomena. We consider a sequence of large and narrow passageways for electric current as the elementary polarizing cell. The polarization of the cell is related to the difference in effective radii of the passageways. In the saturated cell, the water-filling intergrain space is considered the large current passageway. Areas of grain contact are considered narrow passageways. In unsaturated cells, the thin water film on the grain surfaces is considered the narrow passageway. Areas of grain contact are viewed as large passageways. The polarization of unsaturated cells in this condition should be larger than that of saturated cells. With further drying, unsaturated cells start releasing water from the grain contact area, which leads to a convergence of the effective radii of large and narrow passageways and, consequently, to a decrease in cell polarization. The conceptual model is capable of explaining the observed dependence of polarization on water content. The chargeability maximum corresponds to the limit between the two distinct regions, each having a different resistivity vs. water content relationship, which we consider as the critical water content. Our model suggests that at the critical water content, pore water becomes predominantly adsorbed on the solid surface. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Titov, K AU - Kemna, Andreas AU - Tarasov, A AU - Vereecken, H A2 - Vereecken, H. A2 - Hubbard, S. A2 - Binley, A. A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - November 2004 SP - 1160 EP - 1168 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - laboratory studies KW - sediments KW - induced polarization KW - framework silicates KW - time domain reflectometry KW - water KW - hydrology KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - petroleum products KW - two-dimensional models KW - measurement KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - kerosene KW - saturation KW - multiphase flow KW - quartz KW - air KW - pore water KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51130549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Induced+polarization+of+unsaturated+sands+determined+through+time+domain+measurements&rft.au=Titov%2C+K%3BKemna%2C+Andreas%3BTarasov%2C+A%3BVereecken%2C+H&rft.aulast=Titov&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 26, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; air; clastic sediments; electrical methods; experimental studies; framework silicates; geophysical methods; hydrology; induced polarization; kerosene; laboratory studies; measurement; moisture; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; petroleum products; pollution; pore water; quartz; sand; saturation; sediments; silica minerals; silicates; time domain reflectometry; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reclassification of Sphaerobacter thermophilus from the subclass Sphaerobacteridae in the phylum Actinobacteria to the class Thermomicrobia (emended description) in the phylum Chloroflexi (emended description) AN - 17775457; 6108787 AB - Sphaerobacter thermophilus was originally classified as the deepest branching member of the phylum Actinobacteria (high-G+C, Gram-positive bacteria) based on 16S rRNA gene comparative analysis. However, the analysis lacked suitable outgroups, and additional 16S rRNA gene sequences indicate that it is most closely related to Thermomicrobium roseum, which it also resembles phenotypically. Furthermore, both species are reproducibly affiliated with the phylum Chloroflexi (green non-sulfur bacteria), despite T. roseum currently being classified in its own phylum, the Thermomicrobia. Transfer of Sphaerobacter to the class Thermomicrobia, and transfer of the class Thermomicrobia to the phylum Chlorofexi, are proposed. Descriptions for the phylum Chloroflexi and the class Thermomicrobia are emended to reflect the proposed changes in classification. JF - International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology AU - Hugenholtz, P AU - Stackebrandt, E AD - Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, 151 Hilgard Hall, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3110, USA, phugenholtz@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - Nov 2004 SP - 2049 EP - 2051 VL - 54 IS - 6 SN - 1466-5026, 1466-5026 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Reclassification KW - Chloroflexi KW - Sphaerobacteridae KW - Gram-positive bacteria KW - Actinobacteria KW - Sphaerobacter thermophilus KW - Taxonomic revision KW - Thermomicrobia KW - rRNA 16S KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17775457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=DC+resistivity+and+induced+polarization+methods&rft.au=Binley%2C+Andrew%3BKemna%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Binley&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=1402031017&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sphaerobacter thermophilus; Sphaerobacteridae; Actinobacteria; Thermomicrobia; Chloroflexi; rRNA 16S; Gram-positive bacteria; Reclassification; Taxonomic revision DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.03028-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraints for flow regimes on smooth fracture surfaces AN - 17718910; 6091042 AB - In recent years, significant advances have been made in our understanding of the complex flow processes in individual fractures, aided by flow visualization experiments and conceptual modeling efforts. These advances have led to the recognition of several flow regimes in unsaturated individual fractures subjected to different initial and boundary conditions. For an idealized smooth fracture surface the most important regimes are film flow, rivulet flow, and sliding of droplets. The existence of such significantly dissimilar flow regimes has been a major hindrance in the development of self-consistent conceptual models of flow for single fracture surfaces that encompass all the flow regimes. The objective of this study is to delineate the existence of the different flow regimes in individual fracture surfaces. For steady state flow conditions, we developed physical constraints on the different flow regimes that satisfy minimum energy configurations, which enabled us to segregate the wide range of fracture flux (volumetric flow rate per fracture width) into several flow regimes. These are, in increasing order of flow rate, flow of adsorbed films, flow of sliding drops, rivulet flow, stable film flow, and unstable (turbulent) film flow. The scope of this study is limited to wide-aperture smooth fractures with the flow on the opposing sides of fracture being independent. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Ghezzehei, Teamrat A AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - Nov 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 40 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. W11503 KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Boundary Conditions KW - Fluid Drops KW - Model Studies KW - Flow Rates KW - Institutional Constraints KW - Fluctuations KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Films KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 6050:Rock mechanics and geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17718910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Constraints+for+flow+regimes+on+smooth+fracture+surfaces&rft.au=Ghezzehei%2C+Teamrat+A&rft.aulast=Ghezzehei&rft.aufirst=Teamrat&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004WR003164 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Groundwater Movement; Hydrological Regime; Films; Flow Rates; Institutional Constraints; Model Studies; Fluid Drops; Boundary Conditions; Fluctuations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003164 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicted Twenty-First-Century Changes in Seasonal Extreme Precipitation Events in the Parallel Climate Model AN - 17593687; 6080533 AB - Twenty-year return values of annual and seasonal maxima of daily precipitation are calculated from a set of transiently forced coupled general circulation model simulations. The magnitude and pattern of return values are found to be highly dependent on the seasonal cycle. A similar dependence is found for projected future changes in return values. The correlation between the spatial pattern of return value changes and mean precipitation changes is found to be low. Hence, the changes in mean precipitation do not provide significant information about changes in precipitation extreme values. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Wehner, M F AD - Scientific Computing Group, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 50F1650, Berkeley, CA 94720-8139, mfwehner@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - Nov 2004 SP - 4281 EP - 4290 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 17 IS - 21 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17593687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Predicted+Twenty-First-Century+Changes+in+Seasonal+Extreme+Precipitation+Events+in+the+Parallel+Climate+Model&rft.au=Wehner%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Wehner&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=4281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI3197.1 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0894-8755&volume=17&page=4281 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3197.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global gene expression of cells attached to a tissue engineering scaffold AN - 17570282; 5918797 AB - A goal of tissue engineering is to produce a scaffold material that will guide cells to differentiate and regenerate functional replacement tissue at the site of injury. Little is known about how cells respond on a molecular level to tissue engineering scaffold materials. In this work we used oligonucleotide microarrays to interrogate gene expression profiles associated with cell- biomaterial interactions. We seeded collagen-glycosaminoglycan meshes, a widely used tissue engineering scaffold material, with human IMR-90 fibroblasts and compared transcript levels with control cells grown on tissue culture polystyrene. Genes involved in cell signaling, extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, angiogenesis and hypoxia were all activated in cells on the collagen-GAG mesh. Understanding the impact of a scaffold on attached cells will facilitate the design of improved tissue engineering materials. JF - Biomaterials AU - Klapperich, C M AU - Bertozzi, CRCR AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, catherin@bu.edu Y1 - 2004/11// PY - 2004 DA - Nov 2004 SP - 5631 EP - 5641 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 25 IS - 25 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Angiogenesis KW - Tissue culture KW - Tissue engineering KW - Oligonucleotides KW - DNA microarrays KW - scaffolds KW - Fibroblasts KW - Collagen KW - Gene expression KW - Hypoxia KW - polystyrene KW - Biomaterials KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17570282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Global+gene+expression+of+cells+attached+to+a+tissue+engineering+scaffold&rft.au=Klapperich%2C+C+M%3BBertozzi%2C+CRCR&rft.aulast=Klapperich&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=25&rft.spage=5631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2004.01.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tissue engineering; scaffolds; Gene expression; Collagen; Biomaterials; DNA microarrays; Angiogenesis; Fibroblasts; Tissue culture; Oligonucleotides; polystyrene; Hypoxia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.01.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Allosteric Model for Transmembrane Signaling in Bacterial Chemotaxis AN - 17790698; 6144216 AB - Bacteria are able to sense chemical gradients over a wide range of concentrations. However, calculations based on the known number of receptors do not predict such a range unless receptors interact with one another in a cooperative manner. A number of recent experiments support the notion that this remarkable sensitivity in chemotaxis is mediated by localized interactions or crosstalk between neighboring receptors. A number of simple, elegant models have proposed mechanisms for signal integration within receptor clusters. What is a lacking is a model, based on known molecular mechanisms and our accumulated knowledge of chemotaxis, that integrates data from multiple, heterogeneous sources. To address this question, we propose an allosteric mechanism for transmembrane signaling in bacterial chemotaxis based on the ''trimer of dimers'' model, where three receptor dimers form a stable complex with CheW and CheA. The mechanism is used to integrate a diverse set of experimental data in a consistent framework. The main predictions are: (1) trimers of receptor dimers form the building blocks for the signaling complexes; (2) receptor methylation increases the stability of the active state and retards the inhibition arising from ligand-bound receptors within the signaling complex; (3) trimer of dimer receptor complexes aggregate into clusters through their mutual interactions with CheA and CheW; (4) cooperativity arises from neighboring interaction within these clusters; and (5) cluster size is determined by the concentration of receptors, CheA, and CheW. The model is able to explain a number of seemingly contradictory experiments in a consistent manner and, in the process, explain how bacteria are able to sense chemical gradients over a wide range of concentrations by demonstrating how signals are integrated within the signaling complex. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Rao, C V AU - Frenklach, M AU - Arkin AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, c_rao@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10/15/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Oct 15 SP - 291 EP - 303 VL - 343 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Chemoreception Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - CheY protein KW - Gradients KW - Chemotaxis KW - CheA protein KW - Allosteric properties KW - Receptor density KW - Signal transduction KW - R 18042:Others KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17790698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=An+Allosteric+Model+for+Transmembrane+Signaling+in+Bacterial+Chemotaxis&rft.au=Rao%2C+C+V%3BFrenklach%2C+M%3BArkin&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-10-15&rft.volume=343&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2004.08.046 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CheY protein; CheA protein; Receptor density; Chemotaxis; Gradients; Allosteric properties; Signal transduction; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2004.08.046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chloroethylnitrosourea-derived ethano cytosine and adenine adducts are substrates for Escherichia coli glycosylases excising analogous etheno adducts. AN - 66827383; 15336626 AB - Exocyclic ethano DNA adducts are saturated etheno ring derivatives formed mainly by therapeutic chloroethylnitrosoureas (CNUs), which are also mutagenic and carcinogenic. In this work, we report that two of the ethano adducts, 3,N4-ethanocytosine (EC) and 1,N6-ethanoadenine (EA), are novel substrates for the Escherichia coli mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase (Mug) and 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II (AlkA), respectively. It has been shown previously that Mug excises 3,N4-ethenocytosine (epsilonC) and AlkA releases 1,N6-ethenoadenine (epsilonA). Using synthetic oligonucleotides containing a single ethano or etheno adduct, we found that both glycosylases had a approximately 20-fold lower excision activity toward EC or EA than that toward their structurally analogous epsilonC or epsilonA adduct. Both enzymes were capable of excising the ethano base paired with any of the four natural bases, but with varying efficiencies. The Mug activity toward EC could be stimulated by E. coli endonuclease IV and, more efficiently, by exonuclease III. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed similar structural features of the etheno and ethano derivatives when present in DNA duplexes. However, also as shown by MD, the stacking interaction between the EC base and Phe 30 in the Mug active site is reduced as compared to the epsilonC base, which could account for the lower EC activity observed in this study. JF - DNA repair AU - Guliaev, Anton B AU - Singer, B AU - Hang, Bo AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/10/05/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Oct 05 SP - 1311 EP - 1321 VL - 3 IS - 10 SN - 1568-7864, 1568-7864 KW - 3,N(4)-ethenocytosine KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea KW - 2365-30-2 KW - Cytosine KW - 8J337D1HZY KW - Exodeoxyribonucleases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - exodeoxyribonuclease III KW - EC 3.1.11.2 KW - Deoxyribonuclease IV (Phage T4-Induced) KW - EC 3.1.21.2 KW - endonuclease IV, E coli KW - DNA Glycosylases KW - EC 3.2.2.- KW - Thymine DNA Glycosylase KW - Uracil-DNA Glycosidase KW - DNA-3-methyladenine glycosidase II KW - EC 3.2.2.21 KW - Adenine KW - JAC85A2161 KW - Ethylnitrosourea KW - P8M1T4190R KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Molecular KW - Exodeoxyribonucleases -- metabolism KW - Nucleic Acid Conformation KW - Binding Sites KW - Adenine -- chemistry KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- metabolism KW - Adenine -- metabolism KW - Base Pair Mismatch KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Adenine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Deoxyribonuclease IV (Phage T4-Induced) -- metabolism KW - Protein Conformation KW - Cytosine -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- analogs & derivatives KW - DNA Glycosylases -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - Cytosine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Ethylnitrosourea -- pharmacology KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Cytosine -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66827383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DNA+repair&rft.atitle=Chloroethylnitrosourea-derived+ethano+cytosine+and+adenine+adducts+are+substrates+for+Escherichia+coli+glycosylases+excising+analogous+etheno+adducts.&rft.au=Guliaev%2C+Anton+B%3BSinger%2C+B%3BHang%2C+Bo&rft.aulast=Guliaev&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft.date=2004-10-05&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DNA+repair&rft.issn=15687864&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-20 N1 - Date created - 2004-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Standardized approach for developing probabilistic exposure factor distributions. AN - 67108337; 15563287 AB - The effectiveness of a probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) depends on the quality and relevance of the output from exposure and risk models, which, in turn, depends on the critical inputs to the assessment. These critical inputs are often in the form of probabilistic exposure factor distributions that are derived for the given risk scenario. Deriving probabilistic distributions for model inputs can be time consuming and subjective. The absence of a standard approach for developing these distributions can result in PRAs that are inconsistent and difficult to review by regulatory agencies. We present an approach that reduces subjectivity in the distribution development process without limiting the flexibility needed to prepare relevant PRAs. The approach requires two steps. First, we analyze data pooled at a population scale to (i) identify the most robust demographic descriptors within the population for a given exposure factor, (ii) partition the data into subsets based on these variables, and (iii) construct archetypal distributions for each subpopulation. Second, we sample from these archetypal distributions according to site- or scenario-specific conditions to simulate exposure factor values and use these values to construct the scenario-specific input distribution. The archetypal distributions developed through Step 1 provide a consistent basis for developing scenario-specific distributions so risk assessors will not have to repeatedly collect and analyze raw data for each new assessment. We demonstrate the approach for two commonly used exposure factors--body weight (BW) and exposure duration (ED)--using data that are representative of the U.S. population. For these factors we provide a first set of subpopulation-based archetypal distributions and demonstrate methods for using these distributions to construct relevant scenario-specific probabilistic exposure factor distributions. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Maddalena, Randy L AU - McKone, Thomas E AU - Sohn, Michael D AD - Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. rlmaddalena@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 1185 EP - 1199 VL - 24 IS - 5 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Aged KW - Models, Statistical KW - Child KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Body Weight KW - Infant KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67108337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Standardized+approach+for+developing+probabilistic+exposure+factor+distributions.&rft.au=Maddalena%2C+Randy+L%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E%3BSohn%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=Maddalena&rft.aufirst=Randy&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-14 N1 - Date created - 2004-11-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multimedia persistence as an indicator of potential for population-level intake of environmental contaminants. AN - 67014705; 15511107 AB - Although intuitively it is apparent that population-level exposure to contaminants dispersed in the environment must be related to the persistence of the contaminant, there has been little effort to quantify this link formally. In this paper we investigate the relationship between overall persistence and/or overall residence time in a multimedia exposure environment and the population-level intake of contaminants as expressed by intake fraction (iF), the cumulative fraction of chemical emitted to the environment that is taken up by members of the population. We demonstrate that for any given contaminant and emission scenario the definition of iF implies that it is directly proportional to the overall multimedia persistence (Pov), or the overall multimedia residence time (Tov). The proportionality constant has dimensions of time and represents the characteristic time for population intake (CTI) of the chemical from the environment. We then apply the CalTOX fate and exposure model to explore how Tov and CTI combine to determine the magnitude of iF We find that CTI has a narrow range of possible values relative to Tov across multiple chemicals and emissions scenarios. We use data from the Canadian Environmental Protection Act Priority Substance List (PSL1) Assessments and multimedia Pov to show that exposure assessments based on empirical observation are consistent with interpretations from the model. Results indicate that Pov derived from screening-level assessments of persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and toxicity (PBT) is a useful indicator of the potential for population-level exposure. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - MacLeod, Matthew AU - McKone, Thomas E AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. mjmacleod@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 2465 EP - 2472 VL - 23 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Forecasting KW - Risk Assessment KW - Multimedia KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67014705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Multimedia+persistence+as+an+indicator+of+potential+for+population-level+intake+of+environmental+contaminants.&rft.au=MacLeod%2C+Matthew%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E&rft.aulast=MacLeod&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-07 N1 - Date created - 2004-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stress-dependent permeability of fractured rock masses; a numerical study AN - 51793447; 2004-076500 AB - We investigate the stress-dependent permeability issue in fractured rock masses considering the effects of nonlinear normal deformation and shear dilation of fractures using a two-dimensional distinct element method program, UDEC, based on a realistic discrete fracture network realization. A series of "numerical" experiments were conducted to calculate changes in the permeability of simulated fractured rock masses under various loading conditions. Numerical experiments were conducted in two ways: (1) increasing the overall stresses with a fixed ratio of horizontal to vertical stresses components; and (2) increasing the differential stresses (i.e., the difference between the horizontal and vertical stresses) while keeping the magnitude of vertical stress constant. These numerical experiments show that the permeability of fractured rocks decreases with increased stress magnitudes when the stress ratio is not large enough to cause shear dilation of fractures, whereas permeability increases with increased stress when the stress ratio is large enough. Permeability changes at low stress levels are more sensitive than at high stress levels due to the nonlinear fracture normal stress-displacement relation. Significant stress-induced channeling is observed as the shear dilation causes the concentration of fluid flow along connected shear fractures. Anisotropy of permeability emerges with the increase of differential stresses, and this anisotropy can become more prominent with the influence of shear dilation and localized flow paths. A set of empirical equations in closed-form, accounting for both normal closure and shear dilation of the fractures, is proposed to model the stress-dependent permeability. These equations prove to be in good agreement with the results obtained from our numerical experiments. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Min, Ki-Bok AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Jing, Lanru Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 1191 EP - 1210 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 41 IS - 7 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - rock masses KW - friction angles KW - shear strength KW - Poisson's ratio KW - stiffness KW - coupling KW - Europe KW - elastic constants KW - simulation KW - excavations KW - rock mechanics KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - tunnels KW - networks KW - experimental studies KW - Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory KW - Western Europe KW - numerical analysis KW - loading KW - stress KW - Kalmar Sweden KW - equations KW - deformation KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - dilation KW - permeability KW - anisotropy KW - Sweden KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51793447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Stress-dependent+permeability+of+fractured+rock+masses%3B+a+numerical+study&rft.au=Min%2C+Ki-Bok%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BJing%2C+Lanru&rft.aulast=Min&rft.aufirst=Ki-Bok&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2004.05.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory; coupling; deformation; dilation; elastic constants; equations; Europe; excavations; experimental studies; fractures; friction angles; Kalmar Sweden; laboratory studies; loading; models; networks; numerical analysis; permeability; Poisson's ratio; rock masses; rock mechanics; Scandinavia; shear strength; simulation; stiffness; stress; Sweden; tunnels; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.05.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusive separation of noble gases and noble gas abundance patterns in sedimentary rocks AN - 51635960; 2006-012361 AB - The mechanisms responsible for noble gas concentrations, abundance patterns and strong retentivity in sedimentary lithologies remain poorly explained. Diffusion-controlled fractionation of noble gases is modeled and examined as an explanation for the absolute and relative abundances of noble gases observed in sediments. Since the physical properties of the noble gases are strong functions of atomic mass, the individual diffusion coefficients, adsorption coefficients and atomic radii combine to impede heavy noble gas (Xe) diffusion relative to light noble gas (Ne) diffusion. Filling of lithic grains/half-spaces by diffusive processes thus produces Ne enrichments in the early and middle stages of the process with F(Ne) values similar to that observed in volcanic glasses. Emptying lithic grains/half-spaces produces a Xe-enriched residual in the late (but not final) stages of the process producing F(Xe) values similar to that observed in shales. 'Exotic...but unexceptional' shales that exhibit both F(Ne) and F(Xe) enrichments can be produced by incomplete emptying followed by incomplete filling. This mechanism is consistent with literature-reported noble gas abundance patterns but may still require a separate mechanism for strong retention. A system of labyrinths-with-constrictions and/or C- and Si-nanotubes when combined with simple adsorption can result in stronger diffusive separation and nonsteady-state enrichments that persist for longer times. Enhanced adsorption to multiple C atoms inside C-nanotubes as well as dangling functional groups closing the ends of nanotubes can provide potential mechanisms for 'strong retention'. We need new methods of examining noble gases in rocks to determine the role and function of angstrom-scale structures in both the diffusive enrichment process and the 'strong retention' process for noble gas abundances in terrestrial rocks. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Torgersen, T AU - Kennedy, B M AU - van Soest, M C Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 477 EP - 489 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 226 IS - 3-4 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - patterns KW - isotopes KW - enrichment KW - adsorption KW - xenon KW - stable isotopes KW - argon KW - Ar-36 KW - physical properties KW - sedimentary rocks KW - noble gases KW - neon KW - mathematical methods KW - theoretical models KW - Xe-132 KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - diffusivity KW - chemical fractionation KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51635960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Diffusive+separation+of+noble+gases+and+noble+gas+abundance+patterns+in+sedimentary+rocks&rft.au=Torgersen%2C+T%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3Bvan+Soest%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Torgersen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=226&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2004.07.030 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, 1 plate N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; Ar-36; argon; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; diffusivity; enrichment; geochemistry; isotopes; mathematical methods; neon; noble gases; patterns; physical properties; sedimentary rocks; stable isotopes; theoretical models; Xe-132; xenon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.07.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy study of microbial calcification AN - 51496158; 2007-013195 JF - Geobiology AU - Benzerara, K AU - Yoon, T H AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Constantz, B AU - Spormann, A M AU - Brown, G E, Jr Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 249 EP - 259 PB - Blackwell, Oxford VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1472-4677, 1472-4677 KW - biomineralization KW - experimental studies KW - hydroxylapatite KW - modern analogs KW - aragonite KW - calcification KW - phosphates KW - fossilization KW - Caulobacter crescentus KW - calcite KW - laboratory studies KW - X-ray data KW - vaterite KW - bacteria KW - EXAFS data KW - carbonates KW - 08:General paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51496158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geobiology&rft.atitle=Scanning+transmission+X-ray+microscopy+study+of+microbial+calcification&rft.au=Benzerara%2C+K%3BYoon%2C+T+H%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BConstantz%2C+B%3BSpormann%2C+A+M%3BBrown%2C+G+E%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Benzerara&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geobiology&rft.issn=14724677&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1472-4677 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aragonite; bacteria; biomineralization; calcification; calcite; carbonates; Caulobacter crescentus; EXAFS data; experimental studies; fossilization; hydroxylapatite; laboratory studies; modern analogs; phosphates; vaterite; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field investigation into unsaturated flow and transport in a fault; model analyses AN - 50509365; 2009-020740 AB - Results of a fault test performed in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, were analyzed using a three-dimensional numerical model. The fault was explicitly represented as a discrete feature and the surrounding rock was treated as a dual-continuum (fracture-matrix) system. Model calibration against seepage and water-travel-velocity data suggests that lithophysal cavities connected to fractures can considerably enhance the effective fracture porosity and therefore retard water flow in fractures. Comparisons between simulation results and tracer concentration data also indicate that matrix diffusion is an important mechanism for solute transport in unsaturated fractured rock. We found that an increased fault-matrix and fracture-matrix interface areas were needed to match the observed tracer data, which is consistent with previous studies. The study results suggest that the current site-scale model for the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain may underestimate radionuclide transport time within the unsaturated zone, because an increased fracture-matrix interface area and the increased effective fracture porosity arising from lithophysal cavities are not considered in the current site-scale model. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Liu, H H AU - Salve, R AU - Wang, J S AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Hudson, D Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - October 2004 SP - 39 EP - 59 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 74 IS - 1-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - tracers KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - faults KW - diffusivity KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - matrix KW - pollution KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50509365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Field+investigation+into+unsaturated+flow+and+transport+in+a+fault%3B+model+analyses&rft.au=Liu%2C+H+H%3BSalve%2C+R%3BWang%2C+J+S%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BHudson%2C+D&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2004.02.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; concentration; diffusivity; faults; fractures; ground water; high-level waste; isotopes; matrix; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; pollution; porosity; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; reservoir rocks; seepage; simulation; three-dimensional models; tracers; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2004.02.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomechanical Approaches for Studying Integration of Tissue Structure and Function in Mammary Epithelia AN - 20199144; 6643787 AB - The structure and function of each individual mammary epithelial cell (MEC) is largely controlled by a bidirectional interchange of chemical and mechanical signals with the microenvironment. Most of these signals are tissue-specific, since they arise from the three-dimensional (3D) tissue organization and are modulated during mammary gland development, maturation, pregnancy, lactation, and involution. Although the important role played by structural and mechanical signals in mammary cell and tissue function is being increasingly recognized, quantitative biomechanical approaches are still scarce. Here we review currently available biomechanical tools that allow quantitative examination of individual cells, groups of cells or full monolayers in two-dimensional cultures, and cells in 3D cultures. Current technological limitations and challenges are discussed, with special emphasis on their potential applications in MEC biology. We argue that the combination of biomechanical tools with current efforts in mathematical modeling and in cell and molecular biology applied to 3D cultures provides a powerful approach to unravel the complexity of tissue-specific structure-function relationships. JF - Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia AU - Alcaraz, Jordi AU - Nelson, Celeste M AU - Bissell, Mina J AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 83-101, Berkeley, California, 94720, mjbissell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 SP - 361 EP - 374 PB - Plenum Publishing Corp., 233 Spring St. New York NY 10013-1578 USA, [mailto:info@plenum.com], [URL:http://www.plenum.com] VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1083-3021, 1083-3021 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Epithelial cells KW - Integration KW - Mathematical models KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Mammary gland KW - Reviews KW - Microenvironments KW - Cell culture KW - Mechanical stimuli KW - Lactation KW - Pregnancy KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20199144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mammary+Gland+Biology+and+Neoplasia&rft.atitle=Biomechanical+Approaches+for+Studying+Integration+of+Tissue+Structure+and+Function+in+Mammary+Epithelia&rft.au=Alcaraz%2C+Jordi%3BNelson%2C+Celeste+M%3BBissell%2C+Mina+J&rft.aulast=Alcaraz&rft.aufirst=Jordi&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Mammary+Gland+Biology+and+Neoplasia&rft.issn=10833021&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10911-004-1406-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Integration; Epithelial cells; Mathematical models; Mammary gland; Structure-function relationships; Reviews; Microenvironments; Cell culture; Pregnancy; Lactation; Mechanical stimuli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10911-004-1406-8 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - An Overview of Environmental Biotechnology AN - 19428653; 5895685 AB - Environmental biotechnology encompasses a wide range of characterization, monitoring and control or remediation technologies that are based on biological processes. Recent breakthroughs in our understanding of biogeochemical processes are leading to exciting new and cost effective ways to monitor and manipulate the environment. Bioremediation has proven to be one of the most cost effective and environmentally sound remediation technologies available at sites where it will work. Though not a "new" technology, given that petroleum land farming is about 50 years old, there are a number of exciting and relevant technologies derived from molecular biology that have tremendous implications for the future of this branch of environmental biotechnology. Emerging technologies in include, bioimmobilization, biocurtains, bioaugmentation, and treatment trains, especially as applied to mixed waste, metals, and radionuclides in the environment. Examples of various new techniques for biostimulation and bioaugmentation and their efficacy will be discussed. The possibilities for genetically modified organisms will be considered along with the reasons that they have not been used for bioremediation up until now. JF - SOILS, SEDIMENTS, AND WATER. AU - Hazen, T C Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 PB - UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Genetically engineered organisms KW - Metals KW - Bioremediation KW - Conferences KW - Pollution clean-up KW - Wastes KW - Sediments KW - Soil KW - Genetically engineered microorganisms KW - Petroleum KW - Reviews KW - Sound KW - Radioisotopes KW - Environmental restoration KW - Biotechnology KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19428653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Biotechnology+Research+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hazen%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Hazen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=An+Overview+of+Environmental+Biotechnology&rft.title=An+Overview+of+Environmental+Biotechnology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative Image Analysis in Mammary Gland Biology AN - 19416157; 6643786 AB - In this paper we present a summary of recent quantitative approaches used for the analysis of macro and microscopic images in mammary gland biology. The advantages and disadvantages of whole mount analysis, reconstruction of serial tissue sections and nucleus/cell segmentation of either conventional and confocal images are discussed, as are applications of quantitative image analysis, such as quantification of protein levels or vasculature measurements in normal tissue and cancer. Integration of quantitative imaging into the further study of the mammary gland holds the promise of better understanding its tissue complexity that evolves during development, differentiation and disease. JF - Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia AU - Fernandez-Gonzalez, Rodrigo AU - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen AU - Ortiz-de-Solorzano, Carlos AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, codesolorzano@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 SP - 343 EP - 359 PB - Plenum Publishing Corp., 233 Spring St. New York NY 10013-1578 USA, [mailto:info@plenum.com], [URL:http://www.plenum.com] VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1083-3021, 1083-3021 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Integration KW - Differentiation KW - Mammary gland KW - Segmentation KW - Image processing KW - Nuclei KW - imaging KW - Cancer KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19416157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mammary+Gland+Biology+and+Neoplasia&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Image+Analysis+in+Mammary+Gland+Biology&rft.au=Fernandez-Gonzalez%2C+Rodrigo%3BBarcellos-Hoff%2C+Mary+Helen%3BOrtiz-de-Solorzano%2C+Carlos&rft.aulast=Fernandez-Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Rodrigo&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Mammary+Gland+Biology+and+Neoplasia&rft.issn=10833021&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10911-004-1405-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Differentiation; Integration; Mammary gland; Segmentation; Image processing; Nuclei; imaging; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10911-004-1405-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of flow properties using surface deformation and head data: A trajectory-based approach AN - 17272448; 6064233 AB - A trajectory-based algorithm provides an efficient and robust means to infer flow properties from surface deformation and head data. The algorithm is based upon the concept of an "arrival time" of a drawdown front, which is defined as the time corresponding to the maximum slope of the drawdown curve. The technique involves three steps: the inference of head changes as a function of position and time, the use of the estimated head changes to define arrival times, and the inversion of the arrival times for flow properties. Trajectories, computed from the output of a numerical simulator, are used to relate the drawdown arrival times to flow properties. The inversion algorithm is iterative, requiring one reservoir simulation for each iteration. The method is applied to data from a set of 14 tiltmeters, located at the Raymond Quarry field site in California. Using the technique, I am able to image a high-conductivity channel which extends to the south of the pumping well. The presence of this permeable pathway is supported by an analysis of earlier cross-well transient pressure test data. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Vasco, D W AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 40 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. W10104 KW - Quarries KW - Drawdown KW - Algorithms KW - USA, California KW - Pumping KW - Slopes KW - Reservoirs KW - Deformation KW - Testing Procedures KW - Simulation KW - Channels KW - Wells KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17272448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+flow+properties+using+surface+deformation+and+head+data%3A+A+trajectory-based+approach&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004WR003272 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drawdown; Algorithms; Deformation; Channels; Pumping; Reservoirs; Slopes; Testing Procedures; Quarries; Simulation; Wells; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003272 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Associations between classroom CO sub(2) concentrations and student attendance in Washington and Idaho AN - 16201094; 6459148 AB - Student attendance in American public schools is a critical factor in securing limited operational funding. Student and teacher attendance influence academic performance. Limited data exist on indoor air and environmental quality (IEQ) in schools, and how IEQ affects attendance, health, or performance. This study explored the association of student absence with measures of indoor minus outdoor carbon dioxide concentration (dCO sub(2)). Absence and dCO sub(2) data were collected from 409 traditional and 25 portable classrooms from 22 schools located in six school districts in the states of Washington and Idaho. Study classrooms had individual heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, except two classrooms without mechanical ventilation. Classroom attributes, student attendance and school-level ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) were included in multivariate modeling. Forty-five percent of classrooms studied had short-term indoor CO sub(2) concentrations above 1000 p.p.m. A 1000 p.p.m. increase in dCO sub(2) was associated (P < 0.05) with a 0.5 -0.9% decrease in annual average daily attendance (ADA), corresponding to a relative 10-20% increase in student absence. Annual ADA was 2% higher (P < 0.0001) in traditional than in portable classrooms. JF - Indoor Air AU - Shendell, D G AU - Prill, R AU - Fisk, W J AU - Apte, M G AU - Blake, D AU - Faulkner, D AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (IED/EETD) 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720-8132, USA, wjfisk@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 SP - 333 EP - 341 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - USA, Washington KW - USA, Idaho KW - schools KW - Ventilation KW - Air conditioning KW - Gender KW - Socioeconomics KW - Environmental quality KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Ethnic groups KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16201094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Associations+between+classroom+CO+sub%282%29+concentrations+and+student+attendance+in+Washington+and+Idaho&rft.au=Shendell%2C+D+G%3BPrill%2C+R%3BFisk%2C+W+J%3BApte%2C+M+G%3BBlake%2C+D%3BFaulkner%2C+D&rft.aulast=Shendell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0668.2004.00251.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ventilation; schools; Air conditioning; Gender; Environmental quality; Socioeconomics; Carbon dioxide; Ethnic groups; USA, Washington; USA, Idaho DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00251.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraining uncertainties about the sources and magnitude of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in ambient air: the state of Minnesota as a case study AN - 16178300; 6021550 AB - Emissions data are often lacking or uncertain for many airborne contaminants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted from combustion sources fall into this category. Currently available ambient-air emission inventories of PAHs either fail to account for population-based activities, such as residential wood combustion (RWC) and motor vehicle (MV) activity, and/or report "total PAH" or particulate organic matter emissions, instead of individual compound emissions. We assess the degree of overlap between predicted concentrations from estimated emissions with measured concentrations. Our analysis is based on probabilistic analysis of measured outdoor air concentrations with those predicted from mass-balance models. Based on available information, we estimate the relative magnitude of emissions from three major sources of PAHs to outdoor air: (1) on-road MVs, including light-duty gasoline vehicles and diesel-powered buses and medium and heavy-duty trucks; (2) RWC; and (3) power generation from external combustion boilers. We use the CalTOX regional multimedia mass-balance model to evaluate our emissions estimates in rural and urban regions of the state of Minnesota, USA. We compare model estimates of outdoor PAH airborne concentrations with those reported by the Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES). With these measured concentrations we probabilistically evaluate the reliability of our emissions estimates for specific PAHs. The median estimates of our predicted outdoor air concentrations agree within an order of magnitude of measured concentrations. For four representative PAHs, we obtain a reasonable degree of overlap between empirical and predicted distributions of outdoor air concentrations. Our combination of models, emissions estimates, and empirical concentration data estimate exposure in a manner that is more reliable than any of these tools alone. Thereby, we increase our confidence about our plausible ranges of emissions and predicted concentrations. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lobscheid, AB AU - McKone, TE AD - Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, ablobscheid@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/10// PY - 2004 DA - Oct 2004 SP - 5501 EP - 5515 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 38 IS - 33 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Gasoline motor vehicles KW - Diesel fuel motor vehicles KW - External combustion boilers KW - Residential wood combustion KW - Emissions inventory , KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Gasoline KW - Combustion products KW - Motor vehicles KW - Probability calculations KW - Wood KW - Boilers KW - Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles KW - USA, Minnesota KW - Air quality models KW - Emission inventories KW - Automotive exhaust emissions KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmosphere KW - Urban areas KW - Rural areas KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16178300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Constraining+uncertainties+about+the+sources+and+magnitude+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+%28PAH%29+levels+in+ambient+air%3A+the+state+of+Minnesota+as+a+case+study&rft.au=Lobscheid%2C+AB%3BMcKone%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Lobscheid&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=5501&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2004.06.035 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Probability calculations; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmosphere; Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles; Air quality models; Emission inventories; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Combustion products; Gasoline; Motor vehicles; Wood; Boilers; Automotive exhaust emissions; Rural areas; Urban areas; USA, Minnesota DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.06.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal structure of YjeQ from Thermotoga maritima contains a circularly permuted GTPase domain AN - 18065520; 6007155 AB - We have determined the crystal structure of the GDP complex of the YjeQ protein from Thermotoga maritima (TmYjeQ), a member of the YjeQ GTPase subfamaily. TmYjeQ, a homologue of Escherichia coli YjeQ, which is known to bind to the ribosome, is composed of three domains: an N-terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding fold domain, a central GTPase domain, and a C-terminal zinc-finger domain. The crystal structure of TmYjeQ reveals two interesting domains: a circularly permutated GTPase domain and an unusual zinc- finger domain. The binding mode of GDP in the GTPase domain of TmYjeQ is similar to those of GDP or GTP analogs in ras proteins, a prototype GTPase. The N- terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding fold domain, together with the GTPase domain, forms the extended RNA-binding site. The C-terminal domain has an unusual zinc-finger motif composed of Cys-250, Cys-255, Cys-263, and His-257, with a remote structural similarity to a portion of a DNA-repair protein, rad51 fragment. The overall structural features of TmYjeQ make it a good candidate for an RNA-binding protein, which is consistent with the biochemical data of the YjeQ subfamily in binding to the ribosome. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Shin, Dong Hae AU - Lou, Yun AU - Jancarik, Jaru AU - Yokota, Hisao AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Kim, Sung-Hou AD - Berkeley Structural Genomics Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA Y1 - 2004/09/07/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Sep 07 SP - 13198 EP - 13203 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 USA VL - 101 IS - 36 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - YjeQ protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Ras protein KW - GDP KW - RNA-binding protein KW - Escherichia coli KW - Crystal structure KW - GTP KW - Ribosomes KW - Thermotoga maritima KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Guanosinetriphosphatase KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins KW - N 14940:Nucleic acid-binding proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18065520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Crystal+structure+of+YjeQ+from+Thermotoga+maritima+contains+a+circularly+permuted+GTPase+domain&rft.au=Shin%2C+Dong+Hae%3BLou%2C+Yun%3BJancarik%2C+Jaru%3BYokota%2C+Hisao%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BKim%2C+Sung-Hou&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=Dong&rft.date=2004-09-07&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=36&rft.spage=13198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ras protein; RNA-binding protein; GDP; Crystal structure; GTP; Ribosomes; Oligonucleotides; Guanosinetriphosphatase; Escherichia coli; Thermotoga maritima ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring the Structural Dynamics of the E.coli Chaperonin GroEL Using Translation-libration-screw Crystallographic Refinement of Intermediate States AN - 17850801; 6053942 AB - Large rigid-body domain movements are critical to GroEL-mediated protein folding, especially apical domain elevation and twist associated with the formation of a folding chamber upon binding ATP and co-chaperonin GroES. Here, we have modeled the anisotropic displacements of GroEL domains from various crystallized states, unliganded GroEL, ATP plus or minus S-bound, ADP-AlFx/GroES-bound, and ADP/GroES bound, using translation-libration-screw (TLS) analysis. Remarkably, the TLS results show that the inherent motions of unliganded GroEL, a polypeptide-accepting state, are biased along the transition pathway that leads to the folding-active state. In the ADP-AlFx/GroES-bound folding-active state the dynamic modes of the apical domains become reoriented and coupled to the motions of bound GroES. The ADP/GroES complex exhibits these same motions, but they are increased in magnitude, potentially reflecting the decreased stability of the complex after nucleotide hydrolysis. Our results have allowed the visualization of the anisotropic molecular motions that link the static conformations previously observed by X-ray crystallography. Application of the same analyses to other macromolecules where rigid body motions occur may give insight into the large scale dynamics critical for function and thus has the potential to extend our fundamental understanding of molecular machines. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Chaudhry, Charu AU - Horwich, Arthur L AU - Brunger, Axel T AU - Adams, Paul D AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, BLDG 4R0230, Berkeley, CA 94720-8235, USA, pdadams@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/09/03/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Sep 03 SP - 229 EP - 245 VL - 342 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - GroEL protein KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - X-ray crystallography KW - Translation KW - Macromolecules KW - Anisotropy KW - Protein folding KW - Chaperonins KW - Escherichia coli KW - ATP KW - Hydrolysis KW - Nucleotides KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17850801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Exploring+the+Structural+Dynamics+of+the+E.coli+Chaperonin+GroEL+Using+Translation-libration-screw+Crystallographic+Refinement+of+Intermediate+States&rft.au=Chaudhry%2C+Charu%3BHorwich%2C+Arthur+L%3BBrunger%2C+Axel+T%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Chaudhry&rft.aufirst=Charu&rft.date=2004-09-03&rft.volume=342&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2004.07.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - X-ray crystallography; Translation; Macromolecules; Anisotropy; Protein folding; Chaperonins; ATP; Hydrolysis; Nucleotides; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2004.07.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A triple-continuum approach for modeling flow and transport processes in fractured rock. AN - 66833957; 15336793 AB - This paper presents a triple-continuum conceptual model for simulating flow and transport processes in fractured rock. Field data collected from the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, a repository site of high-level nuclear waste, show a large number of small-scale fractures. The effect of these small fractures has not been considered in previous modeling investigations within the context of a continuum approach. A new triple-continuum model (consisting of matrix, small-fracture, and large-fracture continua) has been developed to investigate the effect of these small fractures. This paper derives the model formulation and discusses the basic triple-continuum behavior of flow and transport processes under different conditions, using both analytical solutions and numerical approaches. The simulation results from the site-scale model of the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain indicate that these small fractures may have an important effect on radionuclide transport within the mountain. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Liu, H H AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. YSWu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 145 EP - 179 VL - 73 IS - 1-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Permeability KW - Geological Phenomena KW - Geology KW - Nevada KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Movements KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66833957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=A+triple-continuum+approach+for+modeling+flow+and+transport+processes+in+fractured+rock.&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BLiu%2C+H+H%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-12-28 N1 - Date created - 2004-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A parallel finite-difference approach for 3D transient electromagnetic modeling with galvanic sources AN - 51741614; 2005-022437 AB - A parallel finite-difference algorithm for the solution of diffusive, three-dimensional (3D) transient electromagnetic field simulations is presented. The purpose of the scheme is the simulation of both electric fields and the time derivative of magnetic fields generated by galvanic sources (grounded wires) over arbitrarily complicated distributions of conductivity and magnetic permeability. Using a staggered grid and a modified DuFort-Frankel method, the scheme steps Maxwell's equations in time. Electric field initialization is done by a conjugate-gradient solution of a 3D Poisson problem, as is common in 3D resistivity modeling. Instead of calculating the initial magnetic field directly, its time derivative and curl are employed in order to advance the electric field in time. A divergence-free condition is enforced for both the magnetic-field time derivative and the total conduction-current density, providing accurate results at late times. In order to simulate large realistic earth models, the algorithm has been designed to run on parallel computer platforms. The upward continuation boundary condition for a stable solution in the infinitely resistive air layer involves a two-dimensional parallel fast Fourier transform. Example simulations are compared with analytical, integral-equation and spectral Lanczos decomposition solutions and demonstrate the accuracy of the scheme. JF - Geophysics AU - Commer, Michael AU - Newman, Gregory Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 1192 EP - 1202 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - transient methods KW - petroleum exploration KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - resistivity KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - electromagnetic methods KW - half-space KW - algorithms KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51741614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=A+parallel+finite-difference+approach+for+3D+transient+electromagnetic+modeling+with+galvanic+sources&rft.au=Commer%2C+Michael%3BNewman%2C+Gregory&rft.aulast=Commer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1801936 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; electromagnetic methods; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; half-space; petroleum; petroleum exploration; reservoir rocks; resistivity; simulation; three-dimensional models; transient methods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1801936 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The dielectric properties of granular media saturated with DNAPL/water mixtures AN - 51718015; 2005-035939 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Ajo-Franklin, J B AU - Geller, J T AU - Harris, J M Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 17 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - saturated materials KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - solvents KW - granular materials KW - dielectric properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - time domain reflectometry KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - trichloroethylene KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51718015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+dielectric+properties+of+granular+media+saturated+with+DNAPL%2Fwater+mixtures&rft.au=Ajo-Franklin%2C+J+B%3BGeller%2C+J+T%3BHarris%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Ajo-Franklin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GL020672 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; dielectric properties; electrical methods; environmental analysis; experimental studies; geophysical methods; granular materials; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; halogenated hydrocarbons; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; radar methods; saturated materials; saturation; solvents; time domain reflectometry; trichloroethylene DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL020672 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The streaming potential of liquid carbon dioxide in Berea Sandstone AN - 51717686; 2005-035940 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Moore, Jeffrey AU - Glaser, Steven D AU - Morrison, H Frank AU - Hoversten, G Michael Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 17 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - engineering properties KW - fluid dynamics KW - environmental analysis KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - transport KW - streaming potential KW - P-T conditions KW - liquid phase KW - experimental studies KW - sequestration KW - Paleozoic KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - Berea Sandstone KW - atmosphere KW - electrokinetics KW - porosity KW - gases KW - self-potential methods KW - gas injection KW - physical properties KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - permeability KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51717686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+streaming+potential+of+liquid+carbon+dioxide+in+Berea+Sandstone&rft.au=Moore%2C+Jeffrey%3BGlaser%2C+Steven+D%3BMorrison%2C+H+Frank%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GL020774 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; Berea Sandstone; carbon dioxide; electrical methods; electrokinetics; engineering properties; environmental analysis; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; gas injection; gases; geophysical methods; infiltration; liquid phase; P-T conditions; Paleozoic; permeability; physical properties; porosity; reservoir rocks; saturation; self-potential methods; sequestration; streaming potential; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL020774 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A spatial time series framework for simulating daily precipitation at regional scales AN - 51677411; 2005-063517 AB - A spatiotemporal stochastic simulation approach for constructing maps of daily precipitation at regional scales in a hindcast mode is proposed in this paper. Parametric temporal trend models of precipitation are first established at the available rain gauges. Temporal trend model parameters are then regionalized in space accounting for their spatial auto- and cross-correlation, as well as for their relationships with auxiliary spatial information such as terrain elevation. The resulting residual values at the rain gauges are modeled as a realization of a stationary spatiotemporal process. Sequential simulation is then used to generate alternative synthetic realizations of daily precipitation fields, which reproduce: (i) the rain gauge measurements, and (ii) their histogram and a model for their spatiotemporal correlation over the entire study region and time period of interest. In addition, a post-processing transformation allows reproduction of the rainfall histogram at particular dates, while preserving the observed rain gauge data. A case study illustrates the applicability of the proposed methodology using daily precipitation measurements recorded at 77 rain gauges in the northern California coastal region from Nov 1, 1981 to Jan 31, 1982. Conditional stochastic simulation in space and time is performed for generating a 30-member ensemble of daily precipitation fields on a 300X360 grid of cell size 1 km (super 2) for the above time period. It is shown that simulated precipitation fields reproduce the spatiotemporal characteristics of the rain gauge measurements, thus providing realistic inputs of precipitation forcing for hydrologic impact assessment studies. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Kyriakidis, P C AU - Miller, N L AU - Kim, J Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - September 2004 SP - 236 EP - 255 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 297 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - rainfall KW - statistical analysis KW - kriging KW - mapping KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - digital terrain models KW - simulation KW - models KW - Central Valley KW - case studies KW - California KW - spatial distribution KW - Coast Ranges KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - stochastic processes KW - Monterey Bay KW - mathematical methods KW - Santa Cruz Mountains KW - coastal environment KW - temporal distribution KW - rain KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51677411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+spatial+time+series+framework+for+simulating+daily+precipitation+at+regional+scales&rft.au=Kyriakidis%2C+P+C%3BMiller%2C+N+L%3BKim%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kyriakidis&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=297&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2004.04.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; California; case studies; Central Valley; Coast Ranges; coastal environment; digital terrain models; hydrology; kriging; mapping; mathematical methods; models; Monterey Bay; rain; rainfall; San Francisco Bay region; Santa Cruz Mountains; simulation; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; temporal distribution; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.04.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of programs to promote improved household stoves in China AN - 21148511; 11089304 AB - In 2002, a team of US and Chinese researchers collaborated on an independent, multidisciplinary review of Chinas improved rural household stove programs that have been carried out since the 1980s. The objectives were to delineate and evaluate the methods used to promote improved stoves, to assess the development of commercial stove production and marketing organizations, and to measure the household impacts of the programs through surveys of health, stoves, and indoor air quality. The team found that China implemented broadly successful programs that delivered better stoves to a majority of households in targeted counties. That success was based on strong administrative, technical, and outreach competence and resources situated at the local level, motivated by sustained national-level attention. Despite overstated claims for penetration of improved stoves, mostbiomass stoves now in use have flues and other "improved" aspects, although field efficiencies are less than design efficiencies. However, most coal stoves, even those using improved fuel (briquettes), lack flues and cannot be considered improved. While in most areas "improved" stove technology became "conventional", some areas remain significant exceptions and require intervention. Large roles for government oversight of quality control and support of R&D remain inadequately fulfilled. Most results of indoor air quality monitoring and health surveys were not clear-cut, in part because of the wide variety of fuel and stove combinations used by households. For nearly all household stove/fuel groupings, however, PM4 levels were higher than - and sometimes more than twice as high as - the national standard for indoor air (150 mu g PM sub(10)/m super(3)). If these results are typical, then a large fraction of Chinas rural population is now chronically exposed to levels of pollution far higher than those determined by the Chinese government to harm human health. Improved stoves in the surveyed households did result in reduced PM4 concentrations indoors for biomass fuel combinations. Coal use was associated with elevated levels of CO in exhaled breath, and improved biomass stoves with lower levels. Childhood asthma and adult respiratory disease were positively associated with coal use and negatively associated with improved stoves and good stove maintenance. The benefits of using improved biomass stoves can be outweighed by the use of portable coal stoves without flues. Evaluation of the programs provides important lessons for future initiatives in China and in other countries. JF - Energy for Sustainable Development AU - Sinton, Jonathan E AU - Smith, Kirk R AU - Peabody, John W AU - Yaping, Liu AU - Xiliang, Zhang AU - Edwards, Rufus AU - Quan, Gan AD - Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA., jesinton@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - Sep 2004 SP - 33 EP - 52 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0973-0826, 0973-0826 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Fuels KW - Environmental health KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Coal KW - Public health KW - Efficiency KW - households KW - intervention KW - marketing KW - Asthma KW - Children KW - Biomass KW - Maintenance KW - Reviews KW - Quality control KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Indoor environments KW - Technology KW - Rural areas KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21148511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+for+Sustainable+Development&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+programs+to+promote+improved+household+stoves+in+China&rft.au=Sinton%2C+Jonathan+E%3BSmith%2C+Kirk+R%3BPeabody%2C+John+W%3BYaping%2C+Liu%3BXiliang%2C+Zhang%3BEdwards%2C+Rufus%3BQuan%2C+Gan&rft.aulast=Sinton&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+for+Sustainable+Development&rft.issn=09730826&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0973-0826%2808%2960465-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - marketing; Fuels; Indoor air pollution; Environmental health; Asthma; Coal; Respiratory diseases; Biomass; Children; Maintenance; Public health; households; Efficiency; intervention; Quality control; Reviews; Indoor environments; Rural areas; Technology; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0826(08)60465-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A physically based approach for modeling multiphase fracture-matrix interaction in fractured porous media AN - 17705799; 6033928 AB - A physically based numerical approach is presented for modeling fracture- matrix interaction, which is a key issue for fractured reservoir simulation. Commonly used mathematical models for dealing with such interactions employ a dual- or multiple-continuum concept, in which fractures and matrix are represented as overlapping, different, but interconnected continua, described by parallel sets of conservation equations. The conventional single-point upstream weighting scheme, in which the fracture relative permeability is used to represent the counterpart at the fracture-matrix interface, is the most common scheme by which to estimate flow mobility for fracture-matrix flow terms. However, such a scheme has a serious flaw, which may lead to unphysical solutions or significant numerical errors. To overcome the limitation of the conventional upstream weighting scheme, this paper presents a physically based modeling approach for estimating physically correct relative permeability in calculating multiphase flow between fractures and the matrix, using continuity of capillary pressure at the fracture-matrix interface. The proposed approach has been implemented into two multiphase reservoir simulators and verified using analytical solutions and laboratory experimental data. The new method is demonstrated to be accurate, numerically efficient, and easy to implement in dual- or multiple-continuum models. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Wu, Y-S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, yswu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DA - Sep 2004 SP - 875 EP - 887 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 27 IS - 9 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Porous Media KW - Mathematical Analysis KW - Reservoirs KW - Model Studies KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17705799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=A+physically+based+approach+for+modeling+multiphase+fracture-matrix+interaction+in+fractured+porous+media&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y-S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Y-S&rft.date=2004-09-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=875&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2004.07.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geologic Fractures; Porous Media; Mathematical Analysis; Reservoirs; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.07.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Age and Sex Dependent Variations in the Normal Magnetocardiogram Compared with Changes Associated with Ischemia AN - 831171895; 13865944 AB - Magnetocardiography is the measurement of the magnetic fields of the heart. Human studies performed in magnetically shielded laboratories have demonstrated that magnetocardiograms (MCGs) can detect ischemia. The aim of this study was to obtain clinically useful MCGs in an unshielded hospital room. Other objectives included understanding the normal variations in MCG during repolarization and determining the MCG parameters that best discriminate patients with ischemia from healthy controls. We measured 51 healthy volunteers of both sexes from 25 to 76 years of age and 11 patients with documented exercise-induced ischemia. Resting and postexercise measurements were taken, and several MCG parameters were defined. For 19 of 29 MCG parameters, there were significant differences between healthy females and males (p, 0.05). For nine MCG parameters, there were differences between older and younger healthy subjects (p < 0.01). Therefore the age and sex of a subject should be considered when evaluating the MCG. Thirteen parameters separated the patients from the controls (areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve .80%). The repolarization stabilization interval, a parameter based on the time-evolution of contour maps, performed the best. Magnetocardiography performed in clinical settings is a potential screening tool for ischemia that should be further explored. JF - Annals of Biomedical Engineering AU - Chen, Josephine AU - Thomson, Pate D AU - Nolan, Vickie AU - Clarke, John AD - Department of Physics, University of California, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - Aug 2004 SP - 1088 EP - 1099 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 32 IS - 8 SN - 0090-6964, 0090-6964 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Heart KW - Magnetic fields KW - Age KW - Ischemia KW - Maps KW - Sex KW - Hospitals KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/831171895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Age+and+Sex+Dependent+Variations+in+the+Normal+Magnetocardiogram+Compared+with+Changes+Associated+with+Ischemia&rft.au=Chen%2C+Josephine%3BThomson%2C+Pate+D%3BNolan%2C+Vickie%3BClarke%2C+John&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Josephine&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1088&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.issn=00906964&rft_id=info:doi/10.1114%2FB%3AABME.0000036645.35013.ad LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heart; Magnetic fields; Age; Ischemia; Maps; Hospitals; Sex DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1114/B:ABME.0000036645.35013.ad ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollutant dispersion in a large indoor space: Part 1 -- Scaled experiments using a water-filled model with occupants and furniture. AN - 66652825; 15217479 AB - Scale modeling is a useful tool for analyzing complex indoor spaces. Scale model experiments can reduce experimental costs, improve control of flow and temperature conditions, and provide a practical method for pretesting full-scale system modifications. However, changes in physical scale and working fluid (air or water) can complicate interpretation of the equivalent effects in the full-scale structure. This paper presents a detailed scaling analysis of a water tank experiment designed to model a large indoor space, and experimental results obtained with this model to assess the influence of furniture and people in the pollutant concentration field at breathing height. Theoretical calculations are derived for predicting the effects from losses of molecular diffusion, small scale eddies, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent mass diffusivity in a scale model, even without Reynolds number matching. Pollutant dispersion experiments were performed in a water-filled 30:1 scale model of a large room, using uranine dye injected continuously from a small point source. Pollutant concentrations were measured in a plane, using laser-induced fluorescence techniques, for three interior configurations: unobstructed, table-like obstructions, and table-like and figure-like obstructions. Concentrations within the measurement plane varied by more than an order of magnitude, even after the concentration field was fully developed. Objects in the model interior had a significant effect on both the concentration field and fluctuation intensity in the measurement plane. PRACTICAL IMPLICATION: This scale model study demonstrates both the utility of scale models for investigating dispersion in indoor environments and the significant impact of turbulence created by furnishings and people on pollutant transport from floor level sources. In a room with no furniture or occupants, the average concentration can vary by about a factor of 3 across the room. Adding furniture and occupants can increase this spatial variation by another factor of 3. JF - Indoor air AU - Thatcher, T L AU - Wilson, D J AU - Wood, E E AU - Craig, M J AU - Sextro, R G AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. tlthatcher@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 258 EP - 271 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Movements KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66652825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Pollutant+dispersion+in+a+large+indoor+space%3A+Part+1+--+Scaled+experiments+using+a+water-filled+model+with+occupants+and+furniture.&rft.au=Thatcher%2C+T+L%3BWilson%2C+D+J%3BWood%2C+E+E%3BCraig%2C+M+J%3BSextro%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Thatcher&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-12 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling study of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field, Kamchatka, Russia AN - 51808142; 2004-069310 AB - Exploitation of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field started in 1966 with a 5 MW (sub e) power plant. A hydrogeological model of the Pauzhetsky field has been developed based on an integrated analysis of data on lithological units, temperature, pressure, production zones and natural discharge distributions. A one-layer "well by well" model with specified vertical heat and mass exchange conditions has been used to represent the main features of the production reservoir. Numerical model development was based on the TOUGH2 code [Pruess, 1991. TOUGH2--A General Purpose Numerical Simulator for Multiphase Fluid and Heat Flow, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Report, Berkeley, CA; Pruess et al., 1999. TOUGH2 User's Guide, Version 2.0, Report LBNL-43134, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA] coupled with tables generated by the HOLA wellbore simulator [Aunzo et al., 1991. Wellbore Models GWELL, GWNACL, and HOLA, Users Guide, Draft, 81 pp.]. compiler and computer graphical packages (Didger-3, Surfer-8, Grapher-3) were also used to model the development process. The modeling study of the natural-state conditions was targeted on a temperature distribution match to estimate the natural high-temperature upflow parameters: the mass flow-rate was estimated at 220 kg/s with enthalpy of 830-920 kJ/kg. The modeling study for the 1964-2000 exploitation period of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field was targeted at matching the transient reservoir pressure and flowing enthalpies of the production wells. The modeling study of exploitation confirmed that "double porosity" in the reservoir, with a 10-20% active volume of "fractures," and a thermo-mechanical response to reinjection (including changes in porosity due to compressibility and expansivity), were the key parameters of the model. The calibrated model of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field was used to forecast reservoir behavior under different exploitation scenarios for the central part of the field. The basic scenario assumes that the wellhead pressures of the eight exploitation wells and the injection rates of the three reinjection wells are maintained at the same conditions as of December 2000. In the base case, the model predicts a 12% decline in steam production rate (at 2.7 bar) during the next 30 years, even as the steam supply for the 5 MW (sub e) power plant is maintained. The modeling study confirmed that 30-60 kg/s is an optimal reinjection rate. An increase in the exploitation load has no significant effect on steam production from the central section of the Pauzhetsky field during the 30-year exploitation period; load doubling (eight additional exploitation wells) leads to a mere 16-27% increase in steam production. JF - Geothermics AU - Kiryukhin, Alexey V (Aleksey V) AU - Yampolsky, Vladimir A A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 421 EP - 442 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - Russian Pacific region KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - Kamchatka Peninsula KW - Russian Federation KW - simulation KW - production KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - Pauzhetsky Field KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Asia KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51808142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Modeling+study+of+the+Pauzhetsky+geothermal+field%2C+Kamchatka%2C+Russia&rft.au=Kiryukhin%2C+Alexey+V+%28Aleksey+V%29%3BYampolsky%2C+Vladimir+A&rft.aulast=Kiryukhin&rft.aufirst=Alexey+V+%28Aleksey&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=421&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; hydrology; Kamchatka Peninsula; numerical models; Pauzhetsky Field; production; Russian Federation; Russian Pacific region; simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the dewatering and depressurization of the Lihir open-pit gold mine, Papua New Guinea AN - 51805035; 2004-069311 AB - The open pit at the Lihir Gold Mine, Papua New Guinea, is planned ultimately to reach more than 200 m below sea level. Cooling and depressurization of the geothermal resource associated with the gold mineralisation is an essential part of the mining operation. This paper deals with the development of a numerical model of the resource capable of representing reservoir processes associated with shallow dewatering, geothermal development and providing sufficient detail for pit-wall stability calculations. Use was made of iTOUGH2 [Finsterle, 1999. iTOUGH2 User's Guide, Report LBNL-40040] running on a cluster of LINUX workstations to aid the fitting of some model parameters. Use of this program in a parallel computational environment was essential to complete the parameter fitting in an acceptable time.A detailed model containing almost 90,000 elements has been developed as an aid to pit-wall stability calculations and this has been run on a Cray and a LINUX cluster using a multiprocessor version of TOUGH2 recently developed at LBNL [Zhang et al., 2001. Parallel computing technique for large-scale reservoir simulation of multi-component and multiple fluid flow]. JF - Geothermics AU - White, Stephen P AU - Creighton, Ashley L AU - Bixley, Paul F AU - Kissling, Warwick M A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 443 EP - 456 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - mining KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - data processing KW - stability KW - production KW - Cenozoic KW - Papua New Guinea KW - mining geology KW - gold ores KW - open-pit mining KW - mine dewatering KW - Quaternary KW - numerical models KW - Australasia KW - surface mining KW - Miocene KW - boundary conditions KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - geothermal fields KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - metal ores KW - Pleistocene KW - Lihir Mine KW - 26A:Economic geology, general, deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51805035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+dewatering+and+depressurization+of+the+Lihir+open-pit+gold+mine%2C+Papua+New+Guinea&rft.au=White%2C+Stephen+P%3BCreighton%2C+Ashley+L%3BBixley%2C+Paul+F%3BKissling%2C+Warwick+M&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; boundary conditions; Cenozoic; computer programs; data processing; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; gold ores; igneous rocks; Lihir Mine; metal ores; mine dewatering; mining; mining geology; Miocene; Neogene; numerical models; open-pit mining; Papua New Guinea; Pleistocene; production; Quaternary; stability; surface mining; Tertiary; TOUGH2; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computer modelling of the Wairakei-Tauhara geothermal system, New Zealand AN - 51804552; 2004-069309 AB - The Wairakei-Tauhara geothermal system has been of interest as a modelling test case for a number of years. In particular it has been the subject of modelling studies at the University of Auckland since the early 1980s. The model presented here is the latest in a succession of these models. During the last 5 years the model has been significantly updated. Grid refinement, manual calibration and automated calibration, using the iTOUGH2 code, have been used to improve the model, which now agrees well with most of the available field data. JF - Geothermics AU - Mannington, Warren AU - O'Sullivan, Michael J AU - Bullivant, David A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 401 EP - 419 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - Australasia KW - source rocks KW - simulation KW - production KW - North Island KW - history KW - geothermal energy KW - Wairakei KW - geothermal fields KW - Tauhara Field KW - Tauhara KW - New Zealand KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51804552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Computer+modelling+of+the+Wairakei-Tauhara+geothermal+system%2C+New+Zealand&rft.au=Mannington%2C+Warren%3BO%27Sullivan%2C+Michael+J%3BBullivant%2C+David&rft.aulast=Mannington&rft.aufirst=Warren&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; history; New Zealand; North Island; production; simulation; source rocks; Tauhara; Tauhara Field; Wairakei DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eulerian-Lagrangian tracer simulation with TOUGH2 AN - 51804053; 2004-069315 AB - Tracer simulations carried out using the TOUGH2 reservoir simulator are prone to numerical dispersion. This paper describes the development of a separate Lagrange-Galerkin finite-element tracer simulator, used in conjunction with TOUGH2, that introduces minimal numerical dispersion. This approach raises the problem of converting the TOUGH2 flow fields to finite-element format. A new method is presented for carrying out this conversion using a quadratic minimisation technique. Details are given of an initial implementation of the Lagrange-Galerkin method in a tracer simulator, together with example test results to demonstrate its low numerical dispersion. JF - Geothermics AU - Croucher, Adrian E AU - O'Sullivan, Michael J AU - Kikuchi, Tsuneo AU - Yasuda, Yoshio A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 503 EP - 520 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - formation evaluation KW - tracers KW - reservoir properties KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51804053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Eulerian-Lagrangian+tracer+simulation+with+TOUGH2&rft.au=Croucher%2C+Adrian+E%3BO%27Sullivan%2C+Michael+J%3BKikuchi%2C+Tsuneo%3BYasuda%2C+Yoshio&rft.aulast=Croucher&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; formation evaluation; geothermal energy; ground water; numerical models; reservoir properties; simulation; TOUGH2; tracers; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport modeling of injection well scaling and acidizing at Tiwi Field, Philippines AN - 51804019; 2004-069313 AB - Hot brine injector Nag-67 in the Tiwi geothermal field (Philippines) had been in operation for over 10 years when injectivity decline indicated a workover was required in 2000. The operation consisted of drilling-out wellbore scale followed by acid dissolution of scale formed in the near-wellbore formation. The workover increased the injection capacity of the well to near its initial-use capacity. Scale-volume estimates from brine chemistry, and from stoichiometric amounts of silica dissolved during the acidizing, suggested that the decrease in injectivity was largely due to scale deposition in the near-well formation. Reactive transport modeling was used to simulate mineral deposition and injectivity loss. A porosity-permeability relationship was calibrated using observed injection indexes to reproduce the loss of injectivity. The relationship captured very well the steep loss of injectivity, and the simulated amounts of precipitated amorphous silica were consistent with the estimated amounts from field data. Significant precipitation of amorphous silica, and reductions in porosity and permeability, were predicted to occur mainly within a 10 m radius from the well. Injectivity recovery by acid injection was also simulated, and the predicted amount of amorphous silica dissolved by acid was consistent with the estimated amount. JF - Geothermics AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Ontoy, Yvette AU - Molling, Phil AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Parini, Mauro AU - Pruess, Karsten A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 477 EP - 491 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - Far East KW - numerical models KW - enhanced recovery KW - production KW - porosity KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - fluid injection KW - Philippine Islands KW - Tiwi Field KW - brines KW - Asia KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51804019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+modeling+of+injection+well+scaling+and+acidizing+at+Tiwi+Field%2C+Philippines&rft.au=Xu%2C+Tianfu%3BOntoy%2C+Yvette%3BMolling%2C+Phil%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BParini%2C+Mauro%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Tianfu&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; brines; computer programs; enhanced recovery; Far East; fluid injection; geothermal energy; models; numerical models; permeability; Philippine Islands; porosity; production; Tiwi Field; TOUGH2 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TOUGH symposium 2003 AN - 51802465; 2004-069308 JF - Geothermics A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 556 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - geothermal energy KW - utilization KW - symposia KW - TOUGH KW - report KW - research KW - production KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51802465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=TOUGH+symposium+2003&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geothermal energy; production; report; research; symposia; TOUGH; utilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralium Deposita AN - 51771881; 2004-084897 JF - Mineralium Deposita AU - Kesler, Stephen AU - Chesley, John T AU - Christensen, John N AU - Hagni, Richard D AU - Heijlen, Wouter AU - Kyle, J Richard AU - Muchez, Philippe AU - Misra, Kula C AU - Van der Voo, Rob Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 512 EP - 514 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0026-4598, 0026-4598 KW - mineral exploration KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - U/Pb KW - fluid phase KW - Europe KW - Rb/Sr KW - Pine Point Deposit KW - Cenozoic KW - mississippi valley-type deposits KW - metallogeny KW - dates KW - absolute age KW - mineralization KW - tectonics KW - geochemistry KW - lead ores KW - zinc ores KW - structural controls KW - sphalerite KW - paleomagnetism KW - orogenic belts KW - forelands KW - Miocene KW - models KW - massive sulfide deposits KW - Tertiary KW - Canada KW - Neogene KW - metal ores KW - massive deposits KW - Pyrenees KW - sulfides KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51771881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineralium+Deposita&rft.atitle=Mineralium+Deposita&rft.au=Kesler%2C+Stephen%3BChesley%2C+John+T%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BHagni%2C+Richard+D%3BHeijlen%2C+Wouter%3BKyle%2C+J+Richard%3BMuchez%2C+Philippe%3BMisra%2C+Kula+C%3BVan+der+Voo%2C+Rob&rft.aulast=Kesler&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mineralium+Deposita&rft.issn=00264598&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00126-004-0422-3 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(ih4wkybz23lun355i0sqkl45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100445,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Bradley, D. C. and Leach, D. L., Miner. Deposita, Vol. 38, p. 652-667, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MIDEBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Canada; Cenozoic; dates; Europe; fluid phase; forelands; geochemistry; lead ores; massive deposits; massive sulfide deposits; metal ores; metallogeny; mineral deposits, genesis; mineral exploration; mineralization; Miocene; mississippi valley-type deposits; models; Neogene; orogenic belts; paleomagnetism; Pine Point Deposit; Pyrenees; Rb/Sr; sphalerite; structural controls; sulfides; tectonics; Tertiary; U/Pb; zinc ores DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-004-0422-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The quest for better wine using geophysics AN - 51696931; 2005-050781 JF - Geotimes AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Rubin, Yoram Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 30 EP - 34 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 49 IS - 8 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - wine KW - water KW - United States KW - soils KW - Plantae KW - technology KW - geophysical surveys KW - Australasia KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - optimization KW - California KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - Australia KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51696931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=The+quest+for+better+wine+using+geophysics&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan%3BRubin%2C+Yoram&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.geotimes.org/current/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; California; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground-penetrating radar; moisture; optimization; Plantae; radar methods; remote sensing; soils; surveys; technology; United States; water; wine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Basaltic explosive volcanism, but no comet impact, at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary; high-resolution chemical and isotopic records from Egypt, Spain and Denmark AN - 51622242; 2006-021921 AB - In the search for a triggering mechanism for the Paleocene-Eocene (P-E) boundary event, 55 Ma, centimeter-resolution chemical (e.g., Ir, Os, Pt) and isotope (e.g., (super 187) Os/ (super 188) Os, (super 3) He/ (super 4) He, (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr) records across this boundary have been established for six uplifted marine sections in Egypt, Spain and Denmark. The sections studied represent some of the stratigraphically most complete records across the onset of the carbon isotopic excursion (CIE) and associated benthic foraminifera extinctions that mark the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. High-sensitivity analyses failed to uncover evidence of extraterrestrial element or isotope enrichments in the six sections, refuting the hypothesis of a major comet impact at the boundary. Preliminary searches for other impact-indicative features, such as spherules or shocked quartz, also gave negative results. In the Danish section studied, three basaltic Ir-rich ash layers occur at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary, but no similar ashes were found in Egypt or Spain. The three ashes represent the earliest known manifestation of an unusual 1 to 2 million year long phase of explosive basaltic volcanism in the Faero-Greenland region. This volcanism is synchronous with major flood basalt effusions in East Greenland and is associated with prominent paleogeographic changes in the high-latitude North Atlantic region. Discharge of mantle-derived Os to seawater during this volcanism may explain a small decrease in (super 187) Os/ (super 188) Os ratio at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary in the Zumaya section in Spain. The environmental perturbations at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary appear to have been triggered by basaltic volcanism, but any model for the detailed causal relation remains speculative. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Schmitz, Birger AU - Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard AU - Heilmann-Clausen, Claus AU - Aberg, Goran AU - Asaro, Frank AU - Lee, Cin-Ty A Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 225 IS - 1-2 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - North Africa KW - mass spectra KW - Europe KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - Os-188/Os-187 KW - Granada Spain KW - platinum group KW - explosive eruptions KW - Zumaya Spain KW - Southern Europe KW - Foraminifera KW - Ermua Spain KW - Andalusia Spain KW - carbon KW - Paleocene KW - basalts KW - Alamedilla Spain KW - chemostratigraphy KW - Invertebrata KW - Denmark KW - depositional environment KW - high-resolution methods KW - Plantae KW - Protista KW - Gebel Duwi KW - Eocene KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Jutland KW - Paleogene KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - Tertiary KW - Scandinavia KW - palynomorphs KW - Africa KW - Osterrenden Denmark KW - osmium KW - He-4/He-3 KW - strontium KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - Spain KW - igneous rocks KW - algae KW - stable isotopes KW - Cenozoic KW - major elements KW - volcanism KW - noble gases KW - helium KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Western Europe KW - assemblages KW - isotope ratios KW - Dinoflagellata KW - sedimentation KW - Dababiya Quarry KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Egypt KW - paleoenvironment KW - nannofossils KW - metals KW - stratigraphic boundary KW - Olst Formation KW - microfossils KW - Basque Provinces Spain KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51622242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Basaltic+explosive+volcanism%2C+but+no+comet+impact%2C+at+the+Paleocene-Eocene+boundary%3B+high-resolution+chemical+and+isotopic+records+from+Egypt%2C+Spain+and+Denmark&rft.au=Schmitz%2C+Birger%3BPeucker-Ehrenbrink%2C+Bernhard%3BHeilmann-Clausen%2C+Claus%3BAberg%2C+Goran%3BAsaro%2C+Frank%3BLee%2C+Cin-Ty+A&rft.aulast=Schmitz&rft.aufirst=Birger&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=225&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2004.06.017 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Alamedilla Spain; algae; alkaline earth metals; Andalusia Spain; assemblages; basalts; Basque Provinces Spain; C-13/C-12; carbon; Cenozoic; chemostratigraphy; Dababiya Quarry; Denmark; depositional environment; Dinoflagellata; Egypt; Eocene; Ermua Spain; Europe; explosive eruptions; Foraminifera; Gebel Duwi; geochemistry; Granada Spain; He-4/He-3; helium; high-resolution methods; Iberian Peninsula; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; Invertebrata; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jutland; major elements; mass spectra; metals; microfossils; nannofossils; noble gases; North Africa; Olst Formation; Os-188/Os-187; osmium; Osterrenden Denmark; Paleocene; paleoenvironment; Paleogene; palynomorphs; Plantae; platinum group; Protista; Scandinavia; sedimentation; Southern Europe; Spain; spectra; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; stratigraphic boundary; strontium; Tertiary; volcanic rocks; volcanism; Western Europe; Zumaya Spain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.06.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TOUGH symposium AN - 51134512; 2005-061924 JF - Vadose Zone Journal A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 737 EP - 925 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - hydrology KW - computer programs KW - symposia KW - TOUGH KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - hydrogeology KW - applications KW - research KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=TOUGH+symposium&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately; accessed on January 6, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; hydrogeology; hydrology; movement; research; symposia; TOUGH; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling biodegradation of organic contaminants under multiphase conditions with TMVOCBio AN - 51134247; 2005-061937 AB - he existing TMVOC numerical reservoir simulator, developed to model the migration of organic mixtures in the subsurface under multiphase conditions, was improved by adding capabilities for the modeling of aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation reactions of hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents. Reactive transport is coupled with the multiphase nonisothermal flow of multicomponent fluid mixtures containing water and sets of user-defined noncondensible gases (NCG), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and dissolved solids. The mathematical formulation of biodegradation reactions, a modified version of that developed for the BIOMOC computer code, is presented together with underlying assumptions. TMVOCBio allows the modeling of simultaneously occurring aerobic and anaerobic degradation processes involving multiple organic substrates, electron acceptors (EA), and nutrients, accounting for the inhibition phenomena conventionally considered by other analytical and numerical codes. Code verification against accurate numerical solutions and code validation against published laboratory and field experimental results relevant to saturated subsurface systems showed good agreement. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Battistelli, Alfredo Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 875 EP - 883 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - oxygen KW - Kent County Delaware KW - soil vapor extraction KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - laboratory studies KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - phase equilibria KW - digital simulation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - dichloroethenes KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - Delaware KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - TMVOCBio KW - gases KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved oxygen KW - volatile organic compounds KW - multiphase flow KW - anaerobic environment KW - TMVOC KW - military facilities KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51134247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Modeling+biodegradation+of+organic+contaminants+under+multiphase+conditions+with+TMVOCBio&rft.au=Battistelli%2C+Alfredo&rft.aulast=Battistelli&rft.aufirst=Alfredo&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=875&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 10, 2005; includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; data processing; Delaware; dichloroethenes; digital simulation; dissolved oxygen; Dover Air Force Base; experimental studies; field studies; gases; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Kent County Delaware; laboratory studies; mathematical models; military facilities; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; oxygen; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; solutes; tetrachloroethylene; TMVOC; TMVOCBio; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of rock heterogeneity on lateral diversion of water flow at the soil-rock interface AN - 51133628; 2005-061929 AB - Groundwater recharge is an important, yet often a highly uncertain upper boundary condition in groundwater flow models for fractured rock. The net infiltration at ground surface can often be estimated from water budgets, but the redistribution of water between a soil layer and the underlying bedrock is much more difficult to quantify. To address this question, we studied the role of lateral flow diversion at the soil-rock interface and how it influences the percentage of net infiltration that becomes inflow into the bedrock. Numerical experiments were performed with different net infiltration conditions, soil-rock hydraulic conductivity contrasts, hydraulic gradients, and most notably, rock heterogeneity. The rock was first represented as a deterministic homogeneous continuum, then as a stochastic heterogeneous continuum and analyzed with Monte Carlo simulations. The heterogeneous simulations predicted a large variation in the inflow into the rock between different stochastic realizations (from 50 to 100% of the net infiltration). Furthermore, at high hydraulic gradients in the bedrock, the mean flux into the rock from the heterogeneous simulations was smaller than the corresponding results from the homogeneous medium. The heterogeneous simulations showed formation of local unsaturated zones below the groundwater table. These occurred in cases with large hydraulic gradients at locations with large hydraulic conductivity contrasts, with low-conductive regions overlying high-conductive ones. This phenomenon was not captured with the homogenous models, which thereby may overestimate flux into fractured rock in cases where hydraulic gradients are large. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Bockgard, Niclas AU - Niemi, Auli A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 786 EP - 795 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - TOUGH2 KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - soil-rock interface KW - unsaturated zone KW - fracturing KW - boundary conditions KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - computer programs KW - water table KW - lateral flow KW - recharge KW - heterogeneous materials KW - quantitative analysis KW - Transport of Unsaturated Groundwater and Heat KW - infiltration KW - movement KW - interfaces KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water resources KW - rocks KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51133628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Role+of+rock+heterogeneity+on+lateral+diversion+of+water+flow+at+the+soil-rock+interface&rft.au=Bockgard%2C+Niclas%3BNiemi%2C+Auli&rft.aulast=Bockgard&rft.aufirst=Niclas&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=786&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 6, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; computer programs; fracturing; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; infiltration; interfaces; lateral flow; movement; numerical models; quantitative analysis; recharge; rocks; soil-rock interface; soils; TOUGH2; Transport of Unsaturated Groundwater and Heat; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water resources; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical and numerical model of colloidal silica injection for passive site stabilization AN - 51131609; 2005-061941 AB - Passive site stabilization is a new technology proposed for nondisruptive mitigation of liquefaction risk at developed sites susceptible to liquefaction. This technology is based on the concept of slow injection of stabilizing materials at the edge of a site and delivery of the stabilizer to the target location by using the natural or augmented groundwater flow. In this research, a box model was used to investigate the ability to uniformly deliver colloidal silica stabilizer to loose sands using low-head injection and extraction wells. Five injection wells and two extraction wells were used to deliver stabilizer in a generally uniform pattern to the loose sand formation. Numerical modeling was used to identify the key parameters affecting stabilizer migration and to determine their effective values for the box experiment. In our modeling approach, the stabilizer is treated as a miscible fluid, the viscosity of which is a function of time and the concentration of stabilizer in the pore water. Inverse modeling techniques are employed to reproduce data from the laboratory experiment for the determination of soil and stabilizer properties. While the details of the stabilizer distribution were difficult to reproduce with the simplified conceptual model we used, the overall system behavior was well captured, providing confidence that numerical simulation is a useful tool for designing centrifuge model tests, pilot tests, and eventually field stabilizer-injection projects. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Gallagher, Patricia M AU - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 917 EP - 925 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - TOUGH2 KW - methods KW - data processing KW - liquefaction KW - physical models KW - ground water KW - foundations KW - transport KW - silica KW - seismic risk KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - box models KW - soils KW - stabilization KW - colloidal materials KW - numerical models KW - injection KW - preventive measures KW - computer programs KW - viscosity KW - multiphase flow KW - risk assessment KW - earthquakes KW - pore water KW - sandbox models KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Physical+and+numerical+model+of+colloidal+silica+injection+for+passive+site+stabilization&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+Patricia+M%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 10, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - box models; colloidal materials; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; earthquakes; foundations; ground water; injection; liquefaction; methods; movement; multiphase flow; numerical models; physical models; pore water; preventive measures; risk assessment; sandbox models; seismic risk; silica; soils; stabilization; TOUGH2; transport; viscosity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled processes of fluid flow, solute transport, and geochemical reactions in reactive barriers AN - 51131574; 2005-061936 AB - A complex pattern of coupling between fluid flow and mass transport develops when heterogeneous reactions occur. For instance, dissolution and precipitation reactions can change a porous medium's physical properties, such as pore geometry and thus permeability. These changes influence fluid flow, which in turn impacts the composition of dissolved constituents and the solid phases, and the rate and direction of advective transport. Two-dimensional modeling studies using TOUGHREACT were conducted to investigate the coupling between flow and transport developed as a consequence of differences in density, dissolution-precipitation, and medium heterogeneity. The model includes equilibrium reactions for aqueous species, kinetic reactions between the solid phases and aqueous constituents, and full coupling of porosity and permeability changes resulting from precipitation and dissolution reactions in porous media. In addition, a new permeability relationship is implemented in TOUGHREACT to examine the effects of geochemical reactions and density difference on plume migration in porous media. Generally, the evolutions in the concentrations of the aqueous phase are intimately related to the reaction-front dynamics. Plugging of the medium contributed to significant transients in patterns of flow and mass transport. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Kim, Jeongkon AU - Schwartz, Franklin W AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Choi, Heechul AU - Kim, In S A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 867 EP - 874 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - TOUGH2 KW - solute transport KW - numerical models KW - density KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - coupling KW - porous materials KW - fluid phase KW - porosity KW - computer programs KW - heterogeneous materials KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - multiphase flow KW - TOUGHREACT KW - waste disposal KW - geochemistry KW - permeability KW - homogeneous materials KW - disposal barriers KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Coupled+processes+of+fluid+flow%2C+solute+transport%2C+and+geochemical+reactions+in+reactive+barriers&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jeongkon%3BSchwartz%2C+Franklin+W%3BXu%2C+Tianfu%3BChoi%2C+Heechul%3BKim%2C+In+S&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jeongkon&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=867&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 10, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; computer programs; coupling; data processing; density; digital simulation; disposal barriers; fluid phase; geochemistry; heterogeneous materials; homogeneous materials; multiphase flow; numerical models; permeability; porosity; porous materials; solute transport; TOUGH2; TOUGHREACT; transport; unsaturated zone; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of the unsaturated zone in artificial recharge at San Gorgonio Pass, California AN - 51131513; 2005-061927 AB - The hydrogeology of the unsaturated zone plays a critical role in determining the suitability of a site for artificial recharge. Optimally, a suitable site has highly permeable soils, a capacity for horizontal flow at the aquifer boundary, a lack of impeding layers, and a thick unsaturated zone. The suitability of a site is often determined by field and laboratory measurements of soil properties, field experiments, and numerical modeling. An artificial recharge site in the San Gorgonio Pass area in southern California, USA was studied to better understand the role of the unsaturated zone in artificial recharge by surface spreading. Field measurements and observations were used to characterize the site and to develop a conceptual model of the unsaturated zone. A numerical model was developed based on the conceptual model and calibrated using data from a 50-d artificial recharge experiment conducted in 1991 and borehole data collected between 1997 and 2002. Results indicate that an impeding layer exists 70 m below land surface that will cause lateral diversion of artificially recharged water, which would spread out and delay recharge to the water table 185 m below land surface. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Flint, Alan L AU - Ellett, Kevin M A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 763 EP - 774 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - data processing KW - artificial recharge KW - unsaturated zone KW - Riverside County California KW - computer programs KW - California KW - laboratory studies KW - San Gorgonio Pass KW - Little San Gorgonio Creek KW - water resources KW - San Bernardino County California KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51131513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=The+role+of+the+unsaturated+zone+in+artificial+recharge+at+San+Gorgonio+Pass%2C+California&rft.au=Flint%2C+Alan+L%3BEllett%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=763&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 6, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - artificial recharge; California; computer programs; data processing; experimental studies; field studies; laboratory studies; Little San Gorgonio Creek; numerical models; Riverside County California; San Bernardino County California; San Gorgonio Pass; TOUGH2; United States; unsaturated zone; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling seismic wave propagation during fluid injection in a fractured network; effects of pore fluid pressure on time-lapse seismic signatures AN - 50886318; 2004-074335 JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Liu, Enru AU - Vlastos, Serafeim AU - Li, Xiang-Yang AU - Main, Ian G AU - Schoenberg, Michael AU - Latimer, Rebecca Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 778 EP - 783 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 23 IS - 8 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - fractured materials KW - petroleum engineering KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - elastic waves KW - waveforms KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - pore pressure KW - time-lapse methods KW - reservoir properties KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - anisotropy KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50886318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+seismic+wave+propagation+during+fluid+injection+in+a+fractured+network%3B+effects+of+pore+fluid+pressure+on+time-lapse+seismic+signatures&rft.au=Liu%2C+Enru%3BVlastos%2C+Serafeim%3BLi%2C+Xiang-Yang%3BMain%2C+Ian+G%3BSchoenberg%2C+Michael%3BLatimer%2C+Rebecca&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Enru&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; elastic waves; finite difference analysis; fluid dynamics; fluid injection; fractured materials; fractures; geophysical methods; oil and gas fields; petroleum engineering; pore pressure; propagation; reservoir properties; seismic methods; seismic waves; simulation; time-lapse methods; waveforms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation studies of gas production from marine hydrate accumulations AN - 50561883; 2008-131448 JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Moridis, George AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 1252 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 32, Part 2 KW - methane KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - gas hydrates KW - thermal conductivity KW - offshore KW - natural gas KW - thermal properties KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - properties KW - alkanes KW - simulation KW - production KW - petroleum accumulation KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - organic compounds KW - marine sediments KW - saturation KW - heat flow KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50561883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+studies+of+gas+production+from+marine+hydrate+accumulations&rft.au=Moridis%2C+George%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=32%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Italia 2004; 32nd international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; boundary conditions; gas hydrates; heat flow; hydrocarbons; marine sediments; methane; natural gas; numerical models; offshore; organic compounds; petroleum; petroleum accumulation; pressure; production; properties; reservoir rocks; saturation; sediments; simulation; thermal conductivity; thermal properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Security of geologic storage projects AN - 50513300; 2009-019212 JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Benson, Sally AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 837 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 32, Part 2 KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - underground storage KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - simulation KW - emissivity KW - remediation KW - gases KW - carbon dioxide KW - environmental management KW - mitigation KW - safety KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50513300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Security+of+geologic+storage+projects&rft.au=Benson%2C+Sally%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Benson&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=32%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Italia 2004; 32nd international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; emissivity; environmental management; gases; mitigation; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; remediation; safety; simulation; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction, monitoring and verification of CO (sub 2) movement; results from the IEA Weyburn CO (sub 2) storage and monitoring project AN - 50511860; 2009-019216 JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - White, Donald J AU - Hirsche, Keith AU - Davis, Tom AU - Majer, Ernie AU - Burrowes, Geoff AU - Adair, Ryan AU - Maxwell, Shawn AU - Fabriol, Hubert AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 838 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 32, Part 2 KW - geophysical surveys KW - geologic hazards KW - well-logging KW - petroleum KW - global change KW - elastic waves KW - simulation KW - oil and gas fields KW - climate change KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - environmental management KW - oil wells KW - seismicity KW - Weyburn Field KW - movement KW - microseisms KW - greenhouse effect KW - Williston Basin KW - climate KW - North America KW - body waves KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - underground storage KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - boreholes KW - Canada KW - underground installations KW - surveys KW - Western Canada KW - seismic waves KW - waste disposal KW - Saskatchewan KW - underground disposal KW - S-waves KW - 29B:Economic geology, economics of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50511860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Prediction%2C+monitoring+and+verification+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+movement%3B+results+from+the+IEA+Weyburn+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+and+monitoring+project&rft.au=White%2C+Donald+J%3BHirsche%2C+Keith%3BDavis%2C+Tom%3BMajer%2C+Ernie%3BBurrowes%2C+Geoff%3BAdair%2C+Ryan%3BMaxwell%2C+Shawn%3BFabriol%2C+Hubert%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=32%2C+Part+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=838&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Italia 2004; 32nd international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; boreholes; Canada; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; climate; climate change; elastic waves; environmental management; geologic hazards; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; global change; greenhouse effect; injection; microseisms; models; monitoring; movement; North America; oil and gas fields; oil wells; petroleum; pollutants; pollution; prediction; reservoir rocks; S-waves; Saskatchewan; seismic methods; seismic waves; seismicity; simulation; surveys; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; well-logging; Western Canada; Weyburn Field; Williston Basin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of the radius of influence for landfill gas wells AN - 50291344; 2005-061940 AB - In North America, most domestic waste produced is disposed in landfills. These sites generate leachate and gas, mainly CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) , which are harmful for the environment if not properly controlled. The design of active landfill gas recovery systems is based in large part on the radius of influence of vertical pumping wells. This parameter is commonly estimated empirically. This study presents results of numerical simulations of the radius of influence of gas recovery wells for different site conditions. The simulations were performed with the TOUGH2-LGM simulator. In the simulation scenarios, the radius of influence was defined in relation to several factors: the waste thickness, the generation rate of CH (sub 4) gas in the waste, and CH (sub 4) concentration in the recovered landfill gas. The results are presented in the form of general graphs that are not site-specific. The adequacy of the results still needs to be validated against field measurements. On the basis of simulation results, a systematic approach is proposed for the design of landfill gas recovery systems, and this approach is illustrated with a hypothetic example. This approach should guide landfill managers and engineers in the design of landfill gas recovery systems. The simulations only considered cases where landfills are open to the atmosphere, which are representative of most operating conditions. The results thus do not apply to post-closure conditions usually involving an impermeable cover built on top of the waste. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Vigneault, Harold AU - Lefebvre, Rene AU - Nastev, Miroslav A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 909 EP - 916 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - TOUGH2 KW - Quebec KW - natural gas KW - landfills KW - data processing KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - unsaturated zone KW - gas recovery wells KW - petroleum KW - carbon dioxide KW - waste management KW - spatial distribution KW - digital simulation KW - leachate KW - methane KW - numerical models KW - Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec KW - alkanes KW - recovery KW - computer programs KW - organic compounds KW - landfill gas generation KW - Canada KW - hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - Montreal Quebec KW - Eastern Canada KW - design KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50291344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+the+radius+of+influence+for+landfill+gas+wells&rft.au=Vigneault%2C+Harold%3BLefebvre%2C+Rene%3BNastev%2C+Miroslav&rft.aulast=Vigneault&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=909&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 10, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Canada; carbon dioxide; computer programs; data processing; design; digital simulation; Eastern Canada; gas recovery wells; hydrocarbons; landfill gas generation; landfills; leachate; methane; Montreal and Jesus Islands County Quebec; Montreal Quebec; natural gas; numerical models; organic compounds; petroleum; Quebec; recovery; spatial distribution; TOUGH2; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of nonisothermal multiphase modeling to in situ soil remediation in Soderkulla AN - 50290294; 2005-061939 AB - Nonisothermal multiphase modeling with the T2VOC numerical simulator was used as an integration tool in an in situ remediation project in which trichloroethylene (TCE)-contaminated soil was treated with thermally (steam) enhanced soil vapor extraction. Numerical simulation studies were employed in the iterative conceptualization of the migration of the contaminants and the effects of different treatment operations, in the planning of optimal system design and control of the remediation processes, as well as for integration of information obtained from field investigations during different phases of the project. Modeling proved to be a valuable tool in planning and decision making. It was, however, difficult to forecast the costs or the duration of the project, since the actual TCE mass and distribution was poorly known. The power of modeling lies in its ability to compare the effect of different strategies or measures on the cleanup efficiency, and in studying the associated effects during the treatments. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Kling, Terhi AU - Korlealaakso, Juhani AU - Saarenpaa, Jukka A2 - Finsterle, Stefan A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 901 EP - 908 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - TOUGH2 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Sibbo Finland KW - finite difference analysis KW - soil vapor extraction KW - data processing KW - water vapor KW - Europe KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Soderkulla Estate KW - heat flow KW - digital simulation KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - soils KW - Southern Finland Province KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - in situ KW - Finland KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - zero-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - computer programs KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - multiphase flow KW - T2VOC KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50290294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Application+of+nonisothermal+multiphase+modeling+to+in+situ+soil+remediation+in+Soderkulla&rft.au=Kling%2C+Terhi%3BKorlealaakso%2C+Juhani%3BSaarenpaa%2C+Jukka&rft.aulast=Kling&rft.aufirst=Terhi&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 10, 2005; includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; Europe; finite difference analysis; Finland; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heat flow; in situ; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Scandinavia; Sibbo Finland; Soderkulla Estate; soil vapor extraction; soils; Southern Finland Province; T2VOC; temperature; tetrachloroethylene; TOUGH2; water vapor; Western Europe; zero-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EOSN; a new TOUGH2 module for simulating transport of noble gases in the subsurface AN - 50288215; 2004-069316 AB - Noble gases widely exist in nature, and except for radon, they are stable. Modern techniques can detect noble gases to relatively low concentrations and with great precision. These factors suggest that noble gases can be useful tracers for subsurface characterization. Their applications, however, require an appropriate transport model for data analyses. A new fluid property module, EOSN, was developed for TOUGH2 to simulate transport of noble gases in the subsurface. Currently any of five different noble gases (except radon) as well as CO (sub 2) can be selected, two at a time. For the two selected gas components, the Crovetto et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 76 (1982) 1077-1086] model is used to calculate the Henry's law coefficients; and the Reid et al. [The Properties of Gases and Liquids, McGraw-Hill, New York (1987)] correlation is used to calculate the gas phase diffusivities. Like most other sister modules, TOUGH2/EOSN can simulate non-isothermal multiphase flow and fully coupled transport in fractured porous media. Potential applications of the new module include, but are not limited to: (a) study of different reservoir processes such as recharge, boiling, condensation, and fracture-matrix fluid exchange; (b) characterization of reservoir geometry such as fracture spacing; and (c) analysis of CO (sub 2) sequestration. JF - Geothermics AU - Shan, Chao AU - Pruess, Karsten A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 521 EP - 529 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - exploration KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - transport KW - noble gases KW - naturally fractured reservoirs KW - multiphase flow KW - reservoir properties KW - diffusivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50288215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=EOSN%3B+a+new+TOUGH2+module+for+simulating+transport+of+noble+gases+in+the+subsurface&rft.au=Shan%2C+Chao%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Shan&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.07.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; diffusivity; exploration; geothermal energy; ground water; models; multiphase flow; naturally fractured reservoirs; noble gases; reservoir properties; simulation; TOUGH2; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.07.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling of transient Basin and Range extensional geothermal systems AN - 50285898; 2004-069312 AB - A suite of models utilizing a simplified structural framework with a range of bulk rock permeabilities were developed to analyze the transient behavior of Basin and Range extensional geothermal systems, and particularly, the evolution of the system temperature with time. Each model consists of two mountain ranges ( approximately 1 km relief from the valley floor) separated by a thick sequence (about 4 km) of clastic sediments derived from the adjacent ranges, and a highly permeable, high-angle fault that functions as a conduit for subsurface fluids. This geometry is typical of Basin and Range extensional systems. We characterize the reservoir by utilizing several parameters, including temperature along the producing fault and the predicted surface heat flow. Time scales are on the order of 100 kyear for development of maximum reservoir temperatures. However, if not sealed, significant geothermal systems can exist on a steady-state basis. The models show some features seen in Dixie Valley, Naveda, and explain observed relationships that young faults are frequently associated with extensional geothermal systems. JF - Geothermics AU - McKenna, Jason R AU - Blackwell, David D A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 457 EP - 476 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - North America KW - numerical models KW - Basin and Range Province KW - Dixie Valley KW - thermal waters KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - exploration KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - transient phenomena KW - heat flow KW - springs KW - hot springs KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50285898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+of+transient+Basin+and+Range+extensional+geothermal+systems&rft.au=McKenna%2C+Jason+R%3BBlackwell%2C+David+D&rft.aulast=McKenna&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=457&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.10.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basin and Range Province; computer programs; Dixie Valley; exploration; geothermal energy; ground water; heat flow; hot springs; Nevada; North America; numerical models; permeability; reservoir rocks; springs; thermal waters; TOUGH2; transient phenomena; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.10.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of recent volcanic episodes at Phlegrean Fields (Italy); geochemical variations and ground deformation AN - 50284512; 2004-069317 AB - The Phlegrean Fields is an active caldera structure, located on the periphery of Naples (Italy). After the last eruptive event (the Monte Nuovo eruption in 1538), periodic episodes of unrest have characterized the evolution of this volcanic district, involving seismic activity and slow ground motion (bradyseism). During these episodes of unrest, some remarkable changes have also affected the composition of the hydrothermal fluids discharged at La Solfatara fumarolic field. These unrest phenomena result from the complex interaction between magma chamber, hydrothermal fluid circulation, and country rocks undergoing thermal and mechanical stresses. In order to make an effective hazard assessment in such a densely populated area as the Phlegrean Fields, we must first reach a better understanding of the mechanism driving bradyseismic activity and determine the relation between ground deformation and hydrothermal fluid circulation. In this work, we present some results of numerical modeling of both the hydrothermal fluid circulation at La Solfatara, and of its effects on rock deformation. The modeling results show that periods of intensified magmatic degassing can explain many features of the recent crises of unrest at Phlegrean Fields. JF - Geothermics AU - Todesco, Micol AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Chiodini, Giovanni AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M A2 - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - August 2004 SP - 531 EP - 547 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - Naples Italy KW - Phlegraean Fields KW - fumaroles KW - hydrothermal vents KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - Campania Italy KW - models KW - computer programs KW - calderas KW - volcanic features KW - Nuovo eruption KW - volcanism KW - risk assessment KW - thermochemical properties KW - geochemistry KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50284512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+recent+volcanic+episodes+at+Phlegrean+Fields+%28Italy%29%3B+geochemical+variations+and+ground+deformation&rft.au=Todesco%2C+Micol%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BChiodini%2C+Giovanni%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M&rft.aulast=Todesco&rft.aufirst=Micol&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.08.014 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calderas; Campania Italy; computer programs; Europe; fumaroles; geochemistry; hydrothermal vents; Italy; models; Naples Italy; Nuovo eruption; Phlegraean Fields; risk assessment; Southern Europe; thermochemical properties; TOUGH2; volcanic features; volcanism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.08.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of water-rock interaction in the Yellowstone geothermal system using TOUGHREACT AN - 17575159; 5970517 AB - The Yellowstone geothermal system provides an ideal opportunity to test the ability of reactive transport models to simulate the chemical and hydrological effects of water-rock interaction. Previous studies of the Yellowstone geothermal system have characterized water-rock interaction through analysis of rocks and fluids obtained from both surface and downhole samples. Fluid chemistry, rock mineralogy, permeability, porosity, and thermal data obtained from the Y-8 borehole in Upper Geyser Basin were used to constrain a series of reactive transport simulations of the Yellowstone geothermal system using TOUGHREACT. Three distinct stratigraphic units were encountered in the 153.4 m deep Y-8 drill core: volcaniclastic sandstone, perlitic rhyolitic lava, and nonwelded pumiceous tuff. The main alteration phases identified in the Y-8 core samples include clay minerals, zeolites, silica polymorphs, adularia, and calcite. Temperatures observed in the Y-8 borehole increase with depth from sub- boiling conditions at the surface to a maximum of 169.8 degree C at a depth of 104.1 m, with near-isothermal conditions persisting down to the well bottom. 1-D models of the Y-8 core hole were constructed to simulate the observed alteration mineral assemblage given the initial rock mineralogy and observed fluid chemistry and temperatures. Preliminary simulations involving the perlitic rhyolitic lava unit are consistent with the observed alteration of rhyolitic glass to form celadonite. JF - Geothermics AU - Dobson, P F AU - Salah, S AU - Spycher, N AU - Sonnenthal, EL AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, pfdobson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - Aug 2004 SP - 493 EP - 502 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sandstones KW - Geochemistry KW - Porosity KW - Calcite KW - Temperature KW - Geysers KW - Mineralogy KW - Zeolites KW - Model Testing KW - Boreholes KW - Permeability KW - Silica KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Rocks KW - Cores KW - Clay Minerals KW - Wells KW - Lava KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17575159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+water-rock+interaction+in+the+Yellowstone+geothermal+system+using+TOUGHREACT&rft.au=Dobson%2C+P+F%3BSalah%2C+S%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BSonnenthal%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.10.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cores; Rocks; Boreholes; Temperature; Lava; Hydrologic Models; Mineralogy; Sandstones; Geysers; Calcite; Permeability; Silica; Model Testing; Wells; Porosity; Zeolites; Geochemistry; Clay Minerals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.10.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollutant dispersion in a large indoor space. Part 2: Computational fluid dynamics predictions and comparison with a scale model experiment for isothermal flow AN - 16199190; 6459156 AB - This paper reports on an investigation of the adequacy of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), using a standard Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model, for predicting dispersion of neutrally buoyant gas in a large indoor space. We used CFD to predict pollutant (dye) concentration distribution in a water-filled scale model of an atrium with a continuous pollutant source in the absence of furniture and occupants. Predictions from the RANS formulation are comparable with an ensemble average of independent identical experiments. Model results were compared with pollutant concentration data in a horizontal plane from experiments in a scale model atrium. Predictions were made for steady-state (fully developed) and transient (developing) pollutant concentrations. Agreement between CFD predictions and ensemble averaged experimental measurements is quantified using the ratios of CFD-predicted and experimentally measured dye concentration at a large number of points in the measurement plane. Agreement is considered good if these ratios fall between 0.5 and 2.0 at all points in the plane. The standard k-epsilon two-equation turbulence model obtains this level of agreement and predicts pollutant arrival time to the measurement plane within a few seconds. These results suggest that this modeling approach is adequate for predicting isothermal pollutant transport in a large room with simple geometry. JF - Indoor Air AU - Finlayson, E U AU - Gadgil, A J AU - Thatcher, T L AU - Sextro, R G AD - Indoor Environment Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, eufinlayson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - Aug 2004 SP - 272 EP - 283 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Turbulence KW - Flow rates KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16199190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Pollutant+dispersion+in+a+large+indoor+space.+Part+2%3A+Computational+fluid+dynamics+predictions+and+comparison+with+a+scale+model+experiment+for+isothermal+flow&rft.au=Finlayson%2C+E+U%3BGadgil%2C+A+J%3BThatcher%2C+T+L%3BSextro%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Finlayson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0668.2004.00243.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indoor air pollution; Pollution dispersion; Turbulence; Flow rates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00243.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Black carbon emissions in the United Kingdom during the past four decades: an empirical analysis AN - 16175417; 5977209 AB - We use data from a unique 40-year record of 150 urban and rural stations in the 'Black Smoke and SO sub(2) Network' in Great Britain to infer information about sources of atmospheric black carbon (BC). The data show a rapid decline of ambient atmospheric BC between 1962 and the early 1990s that exceeds the decline in official estimates of BC emissions based only on amount of fuel use and mostly fixed emission factors. This provides empirical confirmation of the existence and large impact of a time-dependent 'technology factor' that must multiply the rate of fossil fuel use. Current ambient BC amounts in Great Britain comparable to those in western and central Europe, with diesel engines being the principal present source. From comparison of BC and SO sub(2) data we infer that current BC emission inventories understate true emissions in the UK by about a factor of two. The results imply that there is the potential for improved technology to achieve large reduction of global ambient BC. There is a need for comparable monitoring of BC in other countries. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Novakov, T AU - Hansen, JE AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS-70-180B, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, tnovakov@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/08// PY - 2004 DA - Aug 2004 SP - 4155 EP - 4163 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 38 IS - 25 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - black carbon KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Black carbon KW - Black smoke KW - Emission trends KW - Sources KW - Technology factor KW - British Isles KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Historical account KW - ANE, British Isles KW - Fossil fuels KW - Atmospheric pollution monitoring KW - Fuels KW - Emission control KW - Black carbon aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution by road vehicles KW - Smoke KW - Emission inventories KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Carbon KW - ANE, Europe KW - Atmospheric pollution emission KW - Diesel engines KW - Rural areas KW - Urban areas KW - Technology KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16175417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Black+carbon+emissions+in+the+United+Kingdom+during+the+past+four+decades%3A+an+empirical+analysis&rft.au=Novakov%2C+T%3BHansen%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Novakov&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-08-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=25&rft.spage=4155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2004.04.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution monitoring; Black carbon aerosols; Atmospheric pollution emission; Atmospheric pollution by road vehicles; Historical account; Pollution monitoring; Fossil fuels; Fuels; Emission control; Smoke; Emission inventories; Carbon; Sulfur dioxide; Diesel engines; Technology; Urban areas; Rural areas; British Isles; ANE, British Isles; ANE, Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.04.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural Analyses of Peptide Release Factor 1 from Thermotoga maritima Reveal Domain Flexibility Required for Its Interaction with the Ribosome AN - 17760405; 6054357 AB - We have determined the crystal structure of peptide chain release factor 1 (RF1) from Thermotoga maritima (gi 4981173) at 2.65A resolution by selenomethionine single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD) techniques. RF1 is a protein that recognizes stop codons and promotes the release of a nascent polypeptide from tRNA on the ribosome. Selenomethionine-labeled RF1 crystallized in space group P21 with three monomers per asymmetric unit. It has approximate dimensions of 75A 70A 45A and is composed of four domains. The overall fold of each RF1 domain shows almost the same topology with Escherichia coli RF2, except that the RF1 N-terminal domain is shorter and the C-terminal domain is longer than that of RF2. The N-terminal domain of RF1 indicates a rigid-body movement relative to that of RF2 with an angle of similar to 90 degree . Including these features, RF1 has a tripeptide anticodon PVT motif instead of the SPF motif of RF2, which confers the specificity towards the stop codons. The analyses of three molecules in the asymmetric unit and comparison with RF2 revealed the presence of dynamic movement of domains I and III, which are anchored to the central domain by hinge loops. The crystal structure of RF1 elucidates the intrinsic property of this family of having large domain movements for proper function with the ribosome. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Shin, D H AU - Brandsen, J AU - Jancarik, J AU - Yokota, H AU - Kim, R AU - Kim, S AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2004/07/30/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jul 30 SP - 227 EP - 239 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 341 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Monomers KW - Anticodons KW - tRNA KW - Escherichia coli KW - Codons KW - Crystal structure KW - Topology KW - Release factors KW - Ribosomes KW - Selenomethionine KW - Thermotoga maritima KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes KW - N 14070:Ribosomes: rRNA, ribosomal proteins, and translation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17760405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Structural+Analyses+of+Peptide+Release+Factor+1+from+Thermotoga+maritima+Reveal+Domain+Flexibility+Required+for+Its+Interaction+with+the+Ribosome&rft.au=Shin%2C+D+H%3BBrandsen%2C+J%3BJancarik%2C+J%3BYokota%2C+H%3BKim%2C+R%3BKim%2C+S&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-07-30&rft.volume=341&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2004.05.055 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Monomers; Anticodons; tRNA; Topology; Crystal structure; Codons; Release factors; Selenomethionine; Ribosomes; Escherichia coli; Thermotoga maritima DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2004.05.055 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shielded Stationary Phases Based on Porous Polymer Monoliths for the Capillary Electrochromatography of Highly Basic Biomolecules AN - 17299323; 6129551 AB - A novel stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography has been prepared via photoinitiated grafting of two layers of polymer chains onto the pore surface of a porous polymer monolith. To achieve the desired retention, the original monolith with optimized porous properties was grafted with an "interior" layer consisting of the ionizable monomer, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, followed by a "covering" layer of hydrophobic polymer chains. This technique affords monolithic CEC columns that facilitate electroosmotic flow (EOF) while preventing ionized analytes from interacting with the charged surface functionalities. Grafting of the second layer does not adversely affect the EOF. Grafting times of 30 and 60 s for AMPS and butyl acrylate, respectively, enabled the preparation of a monolith with full shielding of the analytes from the ionizable functionalities and excellent chromatographic performance. This approach allows for the first time the independent optimization of both electroosmotic flow and retention properties in CEC columns. The efficient isocratic separations of mixtures of peptides, including some that are highly basic and would be affected by unshielded charges, were routinely achieved in 40-90 s using a simple MS compatible mobile phase consisting of 20 mmol/L ammonium acetate in a 1:1 water-acetonitrile mixture. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Hilder, E F AU - Svec, F AU - Frechet, JMJ AD - E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Sciences Division, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA Y1 - 2004/07/15/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jul 15 SP - 3887 EP - 3892 VL - 76 IS - 14 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17299323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Shielded+Stationary+Phases+Based+on+Porous+Polymer+Monoliths+for+the+Capillary+Electrochromatography+of+Highly+Basic+Biomolecules&rft.au=Hilder%2C+E+F%3BSvec%2C+F%3BFrechet%2C+JMJ&rft.aulast=Hilder&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-07-15&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3887&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fac049732q LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac049732q ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Greenhouse gas sequestration in abandoned oil reservoirs; the International Energy Agency Weyburn pilot project AN - 51805531; 2004-069114 AB - Carbon dioxide sequestration in geological reservoirs is being evaluated internationally as a viable means of long-term CO (sub 2) storage. The International Energy Agency Weyburn CO (sub 2) Monitoring and Storage Project is designed to investigate the technical and economic feasibility of CO (sub 2) storage in a partially depleted oil reservoir in conjunction with enhanced oil recovery operations. Two key elements of the project are (1) the establishment of a regional geoscience framework as a means for prediction of the long-term fate of injected CO (sub 2) , and (2) development and application of geophysical/geochemical monitoring and verification methods to track the spread of CO (sub 2) within the reservoir. To date, 1.90 billion m (super 3) of CO (sub 2) have been injected into the reservoir, the effects of which are imaged by the various monitoring methods. JF - GSA Today AU - White, D J AU - Burrowes, G AU - Davis, T AU - Hajnal, Z AU - Hirsche, K AU - Hutcheon, I AU - Majer, E AU - Rostron, B AU - Whittaker, S Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 4 EP - 10 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 14 IS - 7 SN - 1052-5173, 1052-5173 KW - petroleum engineering KW - geophysical surveys KW - petroleum KW - abandoned oil wells KW - waterflooding KW - oil and gas fields KW - feasibility studies KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - oil wells KW - seismicity KW - Weyburn Field KW - greenhouse effect KW - geochemistry KW - programs KW - high-resolution methods KW - monitoring KW - sequestration KW - three-dimensional models KW - International Energy Agency KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - enhanced recovery KW - hydrochemistry KW - seismic methods KW - gases KW - gas injection KW - Canada KW - surveys KW - Western Canada KW - southeastern Saskatchewan KW - Saskatchewan KW - microearthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51805531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GSA+Today&rft.atitle=Greenhouse+gas+sequestration+in+abandoned+oil+reservoirs%3B+the+International+Energy+Agency+Weyburn+pilot+project&rft.au=White%2C+D+J%3BBurrowes%2C+G%3BDavis%2C+T%3BHajnal%2C+Z%3BHirsche%2C+K%3BHutcheon%2C+I%3BMajer%2C+E%3BRostron%2C+B%3BWhittaker%2C+S&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GSA+Today&rft.issn=10525173&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag., sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned oil wells; Canada; carbon dioxide; crosshole methods; earthquakes; enhanced recovery; feasibility studies; gas injection; gases; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; greenhouse effect; high-resolution methods; hydrochemistry; International Energy Agency; microearthquakes; monitoring; oil and gas fields; oil wells; petroleum; petroleum engineering; pollution; programs; reservoir rocks; Saskatchewan; seismic methods; seismicity; sequestration; southeastern Saskatchewan; surveys; three-dimensional models; waterflooding; Western Canada; Weyburn Field ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The nature of blue luminescence from natural benitoite BaTiSi (sub 3) O (sub 9) AN - 51745620; 2005-021858 JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Gaft, M AU - Nagli, L AU - Waychunas, G AU - Weiss, D Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 365 EP - 373 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York VL - 31 IS - 6 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - silicates KW - laser methods KW - benitoite KW - color centers KW - ring silicates KW - crystal structure KW - blue luminescence KW - temperature KW - luminescence KW - physical properties KW - gems KW - Raman spectra KW - optical properties KW - spectra KW - high temperature KW - geophysics KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51745620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=The+nature+of+blue+luminescence+from+natural+benitoite+BaTiSi+%28sub+3%29+O+%28sub+9%29&rft.au=Gaft%2C+M%3BNagli%2C+L%3BWaychunas%2C+G%3BWeiss%2C+D&rft.aulast=Gaft&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-004-0407-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benitoite; blue luminescence; color centers; crystal structure; gems; geophysics; high temperature; laser methods; luminescence; optical properties; physical properties; Raman spectra; ring silicates; silicates; spectra; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-004-0407-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Joint cross-well and single-well seismic studies of CO (sub 2) injection in an oil reservoir AN - 51633211; 2006-014248 AB - A series of time-lapse seismic cross-well and single-well experiments were conducted in a diatomite reservoir to monitor the injection of CO (sub 2) into a hydrofracture zone, based on P- and S-wave data. A high-frequency piezo-electric P-wave source and an orbital-vibrator S-wave source were used to generate waves that were recorded by hydrophones as well as 3-component geophones. During the first phase the set of seismic experiments was conducted after the injection of water into the hydrofractured zone. The set of seismic experiments was repeated after a time period of seven months during which CO (sub 2) was injected into the hydrofractured zone. The questions to be answered ranged from the detectability of the geological structure in the diatomic reservoir to the detectability of CO (sub 2) within the hydrofracture. Furthermore, it was intended to determine which experiment (cross-well or single-well) is best suited to resolve these features. During the pre-injection experiment, the P-wave velocities exhibited relatively low values between 1700 and 1900 m/s, which decreased to 1600-1800 m/s during the post-injection phase (-5%). The analysis of the pre-injection S-wave data revealed slow S-wave velocities between 600 and 800 m/s, while the post-injection data revealed velocities between 500 and 700 m/s (-6%). These velocity estimates produced high Poisson's ratios between 0.36 and 0.46 for this highly porous ( approximately 50%) material. Differencing post- and pre-injection data revealed an increase in Poisson's ratio of up to 5%. Both velocity and Poisson's ratio estimates indicate the dissolution of CO (sub 2) in the liquid phase of the reservoir accompanied by an increase in pore pressure. The single-well data supported the findings of the cross-well experiments. P- and S-wave velocities as well as Poisson's ratios were comparable to the estimates of the cross-well data. The cross-well experiment did not detect the presence of the hydrofracture but appeared to be sensitive to overall changes in the reservoir and possibly the presence of a fault. In contrast, the single-well reflection data revealed an arrival that could indicate the presence of the hydrofracture between the source and receiver wells, while it did not detect the presence of the fault, possibly due to out-of-plane reflections. JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Gritto, R AU - Daley, T M AU - Myer, L R Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 323 EP - 339 PB - EAGE (European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers), Houten VL - 52 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - petroleum engineering KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas storage KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - carbon dioxide KW - California KW - Kern County California KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - diatomite KW - carbon KW - time-lapse methods KW - San Joaquin Basin KW - body waves KW - three-component seismographs KW - seismic profiles KW - sequestration KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - seismographs KW - seismic methods KW - gas injection KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - clastic rocks KW - S-waves KW - Lost Hills Field KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51633211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Joint+cross-well+and+single-well+seismic+studies+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+in+an+oil+reservoir&rft.au=Gritto%2C+R%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BMyer%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Gritto&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0016-8025&site=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPPRAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; California; carbon; carbon dioxide; clastic rocks; crosshole methods; diatomite; elastic waves; fractures; gas injection; gas storage; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Kern County California; Lost Hills Field; oil and gas fields; P-waves; petroleum engineering; reservoir properties; S-waves; San Joaquin Basin; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; seismographs; sequestration; surveys; three-component seismographs; time-lapse methods; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tectonic and stratigraphic evolution of the Sarulla Graben geothermal area, north Sumatra, Indonesia AN - 50645922; 2008-102491 AB - The Sarulla graben is a composite Plio-Pleistocene basin developed along the northwest striking, dextral-slip Sumatra fault in a region where the fault coincides with the Sumatra volcanic arc. Offset of the 0.27+ or -0.03 Ma Tor Sibohi rhyodacite dome by an active strand of the Sumatra fault, the Tor Sibohi fault (TSF), indicates a slip rate of about 9 mm/y. This value is lower than previous regional estimates of approximately 25-30 mm/y for Holocene slip on the Sumatra fault determined from stream offsets in the Taratung region. This discrepancy may be due to (1) a difference between Holocene and late Quaternary rates of slip and (2) additional slip on other faults in the Sarulla area. Since the magnitude of undated stream offsets along the TSF in the Sarulla area is similar to those in the Taratung area, the discrepancy is likely to be due largely to a change in slip rate over time. Within the Sarulla area, major volcanic centers include the Sibualbuali stratavolcano ( approximately 0.7-0.3 Ma), the Hopong caldera ( approximately 1.5 Ma), and the Namora-I-Langit dacitic dome field (0.8-0.1 Ma). These centers generated the majority of the ash-flow tuffs and tuffaceous sediments filling the Sarulla graben, and appear to have been localized by structural features related to the Sumatra fault zone. Four geothermal systems within the Sarulla area are closely linked to major faults and volcanic centers. In three of the systems, reservoir permeability is clearly dominated by specific structures within the Sumatra fault system. In the fourth geothermal system, Namora-I-Langit geothermal field, permeability may be locally influenced by faults, but highly permeable fractures are widely distributed. JF - Journal of Asian Earth Sciences AU - Hickman, R G AU - Dobson, P F AU - van Gerven, M AU - Sagala, B D AU - Gunderson, R P Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 435 EP - 448 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 1367-9120, 1367-9120 KW - stratovolcanoes KW - Far East KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - Indonesia KW - slip rates KW - strike-slip faults KW - Sibualbuali KW - displacements KW - Holocene KW - reservoir rocks KW - exploration KW - Cenozoic KW - volcanic features KW - neotectonics KW - geothermal systems KW - Tor Sibohi Dome KW - Tor Sibohi Fault KW - basins KW - dacites KW - tectonics KW - Hopong Caldera KW - Asia KW - faults KW - systems KW - Quaternary KW - grabens KW - volcanic fields KW - geothermal energy KW - calderas KW - geothermal fields KW - Tertiary KW - Sumatra KW - Namora-I-Langit Dome KW - Neogene KW - rhyodacites KW - volcanoes KW - Sarulla Graben KW - Pliocene KW - streams KW - reservoir properties KW - geomorphology KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50645922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Asian+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Tectonic+and+stratigraphic+evolution+of+the+Sarulla+Graben+geothermal+area%2C+north+Sumatra%2C+Indonesia&rft.au=Hickman%2C+R+G%3BDobson%2C+P+F%3Bvan+Gerven%2C+M%3BSagala%2C+B+D%3BGunderson%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Hickman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Asian+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=13679120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1367-9120%2803%2900155-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13679120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; basins; calderas; Cenozoic; dacites; displacements; exploration; Far East; faults; geomorphology; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; grabens; Holocene; Hopong Caldera; igneous rocks; Indonesia; Namora-I-Langit Dome; Neogene; neotectonics; permeability; Pliocene; Quaternary; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; rhyodacites; Sarulla Graben; Sibualbuali; slip rates; stratovolcanoes; streams; strike-slip faults; Sumatra; systems; tectonics; Tertiary; Tor Sibohi Dome; Tor Sibohi Fault; volcanic features; volcanic fields; volcanic rocks; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1367-9120(03)00155-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Aerobic and Anaerobic Biotreatment of Municipal Solid Waste AN - 20629382; 6248555 AB - To increase the operating lifetime of landfills and to lower leachate treatment costs, an increasing number of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are being managed as either aerobic or anaerobic bioreactors. Landfill gas composition, respiration rates, and subsidence were measured for 400 days in 200-L tanks filled with fresh waste materials to compare the relative effectiveness of the two treatments. Tanks were prepared to provide the following conditions: (1) air injection and leachate recirculation (aerobic), (2) leachate recirculation (anaerobic), and (3) no treatment (anaerobic). Respiration tests on the aerobic wet tank snowed a steady decrease in oxygen consumption rates from 1.3 mol/day at 20 days to 0.1 mol/day at 400 days. Aerobic wet tanks produced, on average, 6 mol of carbon dioxide (CO2)/kg of MSW as compared with anaerobic wet tanks, which produced 2.2 mol methane/ kg of MSW and 2.0 mol C02/kg methane. Over the test period, the aerobic tanks settled on average 35%, anaerobic tanks settled 21.7%, and the no-treatment tank settled 7.5%, equivalent to overall mass loss in the corresponding reactors. Aerobic tanks reduced stabilization time and produced negligible odor compared with anaerobic tanks, possibly because of the 2 orders of magnitude lower leachate ammonia levels in the aerobic tank. Both treatment regimes provide the opportunity for disposal and remediation of liquid waste. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Borglin, SE AU - Hazen, T C AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Zawislanski, P T AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 VL - 54 IS - 7 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Oxygen consumption KW - Methane KW - Ammonia KW - Respiration KW - Odors KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - Liquid wastes KW - Municipal solid wastes KW - Waste management KW - Bioreactors KW - Remediation KW - Solid waste disposal KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Leachates KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20629382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Aerobic+and+Anaerobic+Biotreatment+of+Municipal+Solid+Waste&rft.au=Borglin%2C+SE%3BHazen%2C+T+C%3BOldenburg%2C+C+M%3BZawislanski%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=Borglin&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen consumption; Methane; Respiration; Ammonia; Anaerobic conditions; Odors; Liquid wastes; Municipal solid wastes; Waste management; Bioreactors; Remediation; Solid waste disposal; Carbon dioxide; Leachates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mn, Fe, Zn and As speciation in a fast-growing ferromanganese marine nodule AN - 17715843; 5970503 AB - The speciation of Mn, Fe, As, and Zn in a fast-growing (0.02mm/yr), shallow- marine, ferromanganese nodule has been examined by micro X-ray fluorescence, micro X-ray diffraction, and micro X-ray absorption spectroscopy. This nodule exhibits alternating Fe-rich and Mn-rich layers reflecting redox variations in water chemistry. Fe occurs as two-line ferrihydrite. The As is strictly associated with Fe and is mostly pentavalent, with an environment similar to that of As sorbed on or coprecipitated with synthetic ferrihydrite. The Mn is in the form of turbostratic birnessite with similar to 10% trivalent manganese in the layers and probably similar to 8% corner-sharing metal octahedra in the interlayers. The Zn is enriched on the rim of the nodule, associated with Mn. The Zn is completely (>90%) tetrahedrally coordinated and sorbed in the interlayers of birnessite on vacant layer Mn sites. The Zn and Mn species are similar to ones found in soils, suggesting common structural principles despite the differing formation conditions in these systems. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Marcus, MA AU - Manceau, A AU - Kersten, M AD - Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, mamarcus@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 3125 EP - 3136 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 68 IS - 14 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Speciation KW - Marine Environment KW - X-ray Diffraction KW - Heavy metals KW - Spectroscopy KW - Birnessite KW - Absorption spectroscopy KW - Zinc KW - Absorption KW - X-ray Fluorescence KW - Manganese KW - Metals KW - Redox reactions KW - Fluorescence KW - Ferromanganese nodules KW - Diffraction KW - Iron KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - O 3010:Geology and Geophysics KW - Q2 09187:Geochemistry of sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17715843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Mn%2C+Fe%2C+Zn+and+As+speciation+in+a+fast-growing+ferromanganese+marine+nodule&rft.au=Marcus%2C+MA%3BManceau%2C+A%3BKersten%2C+M&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2004.01.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Birnessite; Redox reactions; Absorption spectroscopy; Ferromanganese nodules; Fluorescence; Heavy metals; Zinc; Diffraction; Iron; Manganese; Metals; Speciation; X-ray Diffraction; Marine Environment; Absorption; X-ray Fluorescence; Spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.01.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Economic feasibility of carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CSEGR) AN - 17286658; 5924290 AB - Prior reservoir simulation and laboratory studies have suggested that injecting carbon dioxide into mature natural gas reservoirs for carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CSEGR) is technically feasible. Reservoir simulations show that the high density of carbon dioxide can be exploited to favor displacement of methane with limited gas mixing by injecting carbon dioxide in low regions of a reservoir while producing from higher regions in the reservoir. Economic sensitivity analysis of a prototypical CSEGR application at a large depleting gas field in California shows that the largest expense will be for carbon dioxide capture, purification, compression, and transport to the field. Other incremental costs for CSEGR include: (1) new or reconditioned wells for carbon dioxide injection, methane production, and monitoring; (2) carbon dioxide distribution within the field; and, (3) separation facilities to handle eventual carbon dioxide contamination of the methane. Economic feasibility is most sensitive to wellhead methane price, carbon dioxide supply costs, and the ratio of carbon dioxide injected to incremental methane produced. Our analysis suggests that CSEGR may be economically feasible at carbon dioxide supply costs of up to US$ 4-12/t (US$ 0.20-0.63/Mcf). Although this analysis is based on a particular gas field, the approach is general and can be applied to other gas fields. This economic analysis, along with reservoir simulation and laboratory studies that suggest the technical feasibility of CSEGR, demonstrates that CSEGR can be feasible and that a field pilot study of the process should be undertaken to test the concept further. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Stevens, SH AU - Benson, S M AD - Earth Sciences Division 90-1116, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, cmoldenburg@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 1413 EP - 1422 PB - Pergamon Press Ltd VL - 29 IS - 9-10 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Methane KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Economics KW - Simulation KW - USA, California KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Natural gas KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17286658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Economic+feasibility+of+carbon+sequestration+with+enhanced+gas+recovery+%28CSEGR%29&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+C+M%3BStevens%2C+SH%3BBenson%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=1413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2004.03.075 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Feasibility studies; Carbon sequestration; Methane; Economics; Simulation; Carbon dioxide; Natural gas; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.075 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Code intercomparison builds confidence in numerical simulation models for geologic disposal of CO sub(2) AN - 17286296; 5924292 AB - Numerical simulators were exercised on a suite of test problems for CO sub(2) disposal in saline aquifers and depleting oil and gas reservoirs. Intercomparison of results reveals broad agreement in most areas, but also points out sensitivities to fluid properties and discretization approaches that need further study. Currently available simulation codes were shown capable of modeling the complex phenomena accompanying geologic storage of CO sub(2) in a robust manner, and with quantitatively similar results. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Pruess, K AU - Garcia, J AU - Kovscek, T AU - Oldenburg, C AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Steefel, C AU - Xu, T AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Mail Stop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, k_pruess@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 1431 EP - 1444 PB - Pergamon Press Ltd VL - 29 IS - 9-10 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Storage KW - Oil and gas industry KW - Simulation KW - Geology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Reservoirs KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17286296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Code+intercomparison+builds+confidence+in+numerical+simulation+models+for+geologic+disposal+of+CO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Pruess%2C+K%3BGarcia%2C+J%3BKovscek%2C+T%3BOldenburg%2C+C%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BSteefel%2C+C%3BXu%2C+T&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9-10&rft.spage=1431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2004.03.077 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Aquifers; Oil and gas industry; Simulation; Geology; Carbon dioxide; Reservoirs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.077 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plane wave solution for elastic wave scattering by a heterogeneous fracture. AN - 85293341; pmid-15237798 AB - A plane-wave method for computing the three-dimensional scattering of propagating elastic waves by a planar fracture with heterogeneous fracture compliance distribution is presented. This method is based upon the spatial Fourier transform of the seismic displacement-discontinuity (SDD) boundary conditions (also called linear slip interface conditions), and therefore, called the wave-number-domain SDD method (wd-SDD method). The resulting boundary conditions explicitly show the coupling between plane waves with an incident wave number component (specular component) and scattered waves which do not follow Snell's law (nonspecular components) if the fracture is viewed as a planar boundary. For a spatially periodic fracture compliance distribution, these boundary conditions can be cast into a linear system of equations that can be solved for the amplitudes of individual wave modes and wave numbers. We demonstrate the developed technique for a simulated fracture with a stochastic (correlated) surface compliance distribution. Low- and high-frequency solutions of the method are also compared to the predictions by low-order Born series in the weak and strong scattering limit. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Nakagawa Seiji AU - Nihei, Kurt T AU - Myer, Larry R AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. PY - 2004 SP - 2761 EP - 2772 VL - 115 IS - 6 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85293341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Plane+wave+solution+for+elastic+wave+scattering+by+a+heterogeneous+fracture.&rft.au=Nakagawa+Seiji%3BNihei%2C+Kurt+T%3BMyer%2C+Larry+R&rft.aulast=Nakagawa+Seiji&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2761&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome sequence of the lignocellulose degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain RP78. AN - 71974573; 15122302 AB - White rot fungi efficiently degrade lignin, a complex aromatic polymer in wood that is among the most abundant natural materials on earth. These fungi use extracellular oxidative enzymes that are also able to transform related aromatic compounds found in explosive contaminants, pesticides and toxic waste. We have sequenced the 30-million base-pair genome of Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain RP78 using a whole genome shotgun approach. The P. chrysosporium genome reveals an impressive array of genes encoding secreted oxidases, peroxidases and hydrolytic enzymes that cooperate in wood decay. Analysis of the genome data will enhance our understanding of lignocellulose degradation, a pivotal process in the global carbon cycle, and provide a framework for further development of bioprocesses for biomass utilization, organopollutant degradation and fiber bleaching. This genome provides a high quality draft sequence of a basidiomycete, a major fungal phylum that includes important plant and animal pathogens. JF - Nature biotechnology AU - Martinez, Diego AU - Larrondo, Luis F AU - Putnam, Nik AU - Gelpke, Maarten D Sollewijn AU - Huang, Katherine AU - Chapman, Jarrod AU - Helfenbein, Kevin G AU - Ramaiya, Preethi AU - Detter, J Chris AU - Larimer, Frank AU - Coutinho, Pedro M AU - Henrissat, Bernard AU - Berka, Randy AU - Cullen, Dan AU - Rokhsar, Daniel AD - US DoE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA. Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 695 EP - 700 VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - DNA, Fungal KW - 0 KW - Fungal Proteins KW - Polysaccharides KW - Retroelements KW - lignocellulose KW - 11132-73-3 KW - hemicellulose KW - 8024-50-8 KW - Cellulose KW - 9004-34-6 KW - Lignin KW - 9005-53-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Laccase KW - EC 1.10.3.2 KW - Peroxidases KW - EC 1.11.1.- KW - Glycosyltransferases KW - EC 2.4.- KW - Transposases KW - EC 2.7.7.- KW - Glycoside Hydrolases KW - EC 3.2.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Peroxidases -- genetics KW - Glycosyltransferases -- metabolism KW - Glycosyltransferases -- genetics KW - Fungal Proteins -- classification KW - Introns -- genetics KW - Exons -- genetics KW - Retroelements -- genetics KW - Classification KW - Laccase -- genetics KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Gene Library KW - Peroxidases -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Glycoside Hydrolases -- metabolism KW - Polysaccharides -- metabolism KW - Fungal Proteins -- genetics KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Glycoside Hydrolases -- genetics KW - Genes, Fungal -- genetics KW - Fungal Proteins -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- genetics KW - Transposases -- genetics KW - Laccase -- metabolism KW - Base Composition -- genetics KW - Genomics KW - DNA, Fungal -- isolation & purification KW - Phanerochaete -- metabolism KW - Cellulose -- metabolism KW - DNA, Fungal -- genetics KW - Lignin -- metabolism KW - Genome, Fungal KW - DNA, Fungal -- chemistry KW - Phanerochaete -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71974573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+biotechnology&rft.atitle=Genome+sequence+of+the+lignocellulose+degrading+fungus+Phanerochaete+chrysosporium+strain+RP78.&rft.au=Martinez%2C+Diego%3BLarrondo%2C+Luis+F%3BPutnam%2C+Nik%3BGelpke%2C+Maarten+D+Sollewijn%3BHuang%2C+Katherine%3BChapman%2C+Jarrod%3BHelfenbein%2C+Kevin+G%3BRamaiya%2C+Preethi%3BDetter%2C+J+Chris%3BLarimer%2C+Frank%3BCoutinho%2C+Pedro+M%3BHenrissat%2C+Bernard%3BBerka%2C+Randy%3BCullen%2C+Dan%3BRokhsar%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Martinez&rft.aufirst=Diego&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-21 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Jun;22(6):679-80 [15175686] Erratum In: Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Jul;22(7):899 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence of inadequate ventilation in portable classrooms: results of a pilot study in Los Angeles County. AN - 71856844; 15104781 AB - UNLABELLEDThe prevalence of prefabricated, portable classrooms (portables) for United States public schools has increased; in California, approximately one of three students learn inside portables. Limited research has been conducted on indoor air and environmental quality in American schools, and almost none in portables. Available reports and conference proceedings suggest problems from insufficient ventilation due to poor design, operation, and/or maintenance of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems; most portables have one mechanical, wall-mounted HVAC system. A pilot assessment was conducted in Los Angeles County, including measurements of integrated ventilation rates based on a perfluorocarbon tracer gas technique and continuous monitoring of temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH). Measured ventilation rates were low [mean school day integrated average 0.8 per hour (range: 0.1-2.9 per hour)]. Compared with relevant standards, results suggested adequate ventilation and associated conditioning of indoor air for occupant comfort were not always provided to these classrooms. Future school studies should include integrated and continuous measurements of T, RH, and ventilation with appropriate tracer gas methods, and other airflow measures.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONSAdequate ventilation has the potential to mitigate concentrations of chemical pollutants, particles, carbon dioxide, and odors in portable and traditional classrooms, which should lead to a reduction in reported health outcomes, e.g., symptoms of 'sick building syndrome', allergies, asthma. Investigations of school indoor air and environmental quality should include continuous temperature and relative humidity data with inexpensive instrumentation as indicators of thermal comfort, and techniques to measure ventilation rates. JF - Indoor air AU - Shendell, D G AU - Winer, A M AU - Weker, R AU - Colome, S D AD - Environmental Sciences and Engineering Program, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA. shendell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 154 EP - 158 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Fluorocarbons KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Humans KW - Fluorocarbons -- analysis KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Air Conditioning KW - Child KW - Los Angeles KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Schools KW - Ventilation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71856844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+inadequate+ventilation+in+portable+classrooms%3A+results+of+a+pilot+study+in+Los+Angeles+County.&rft.au=Shendell%2C+D+G%3BWiner%2C+A+M%3BWeker%2C+R%3BColome%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Shendell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-01 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal-hydrodynamic-chemical (THC) modeling based on geothermal field data AN - 51818397; 2004-062187 AB - Data on fluid chemistry and rock mineralogy are evaluated for a number of geothermal fields located in the volcanic arc of Japan and Kamchatka, Russia, Common chemical characteristics are identified and used to define scenarios for detailed numerical modeling of coupled thermal-hydrodynamic-chemical (THC) processes. The following scenarios of parental geothermal fluid upflow were studied: (1) single-phase conditions, 260 degrees C at the bottom ("Ogiri" type); (2) two-phase conditions, 300 degrees C at the bottom ("Hatchobaru" type); and (3) heat pipe conditions, 260 degrees C at the bottom ("Matsukawa" type). THC modeling for the single-phase upflow scenario shows wairakite, quartz, K-feldspar and chlorite formed as the principal secondary minerals in the production zone, and illite-smectite formed below 230 degrees C. THC modeling of the two-phase upflow shows that quartz, K-feldspar (microcline), wairakite and calcite precipitate in the model as principal secondary minerals in the production zone. THC modeling of heat pipe conditions shows no significant secondary deposition of minerals (quartz, K-feldspar, zeolites) in the production zone. The influence of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of chemical interaction, and of mass fluxes on mineral phase changes, was found to be significant, depending on the upflow regime. It was found that no parental geothermal fluid inflow is needed for zeolite precipitation, which occurs above 140 degrees C in saturated andesite, provided that the porosity is greater than 0.001. In contrast, quartz and K-feldspar precipitation may result in a significant porosity reduction over a hundred-year time scale under mass flux conditions, and complete fracture sealing will occur given sufficient time under either single-phase or two-phase upflow scenarios. A heat pipe scenario shows no significant porosity reduction due to lack of secondary mineral phase deposition. JF - Geothermics AU - Kiryukhin, Alexey (Aleksey) AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Apps, John AU - Slovtsov, Igor Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 349 EP - 381 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - silicates KW - Sumikawa Field KW - Far East KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - movement KW - hydrodynamics KW - mineral assemblages KW - Asia KW - Uenotai Field KW - pH KW - hydrology KW - Takigami Field KW - models KW - Iwate Japan KW - Tertiary KW - mathematical methods KW - Mutnovsky Field KW - Okuaizu Field KW - Matsukawa Field KW - lithostratigraphy KW - alteration KW - igneous rocks KW - Fushime Field KW - fluid phase KW - Russian Federation KW - salinity KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - Kamchatka Russian Federation KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - chemical reactions KW - energy sources KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Pauzhersky Field KW - Oguni Field KW - thermal circulation KW - Kakkonda Field KW - hydrochemistry KW - clay minerals KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - precipitation KW - sheet silicates KW - Honshu KW - Japan KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51818397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Thermal-hydrodynamic-chemical+%28THC%29+modeling+based+on+geothermal+field+data&rft.au=Kiryukhin%2C+Alexey+%28Aleksey%29%3BXu%2C+Tianfu%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BApps%2C+John%3BSlovtsov%2C+Igor&rft.aulast=Kiryukhin&rft.aufirst=Alexey&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.09.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; Asia; Cenozoic; chemical composition; chemical reactions; clay minerals; Commonwealth of Independent States; energy sources; Far East; fluid phase; Fushime Field; geochemistry; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; ground water; Honshu; hydrochemistry; hydrodynamics; hydrology; igneous rocks; Iwate Japan; Japan; Kakkonda Field; Kamchatka Russian Federation; lithostratigraphy; mathematical methods; Matsukawa Field; mineral assemblages; mineral composition; models; movement; Mutnovsky Field; Oguni Field; Okuaizu Field; Pauzhersky Field; pH; precipitation; reservoir rocks; Russian Federation; salinity; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; Sumikawa Field; Takigami Field; temperature; Tertiary; thermal circulation; Uenotai Field DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.09.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of Cerro Prieto II and III (Mexico) to exploitation AN - 51816847; 2004-062183 AB - The Cerro Prieto field of northern Mexico is the largest water-dominated geothermal field under commercial production at the present time. In 2000 more than 115 million tons of fluids were extracted, but only about 20% was injected back into the reservoirs. This deficit has contributed to a drop in pressures resulting in localized boiling, influx of cooler groundwater and other reservoir processes. The influence of geologic features, especially faults, on these processes and on the response of different parts of the field to production is described. The study illustrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to gain an understanding of the behavior of geothermal systems under production. JF - Geothermics AU - Lippmann, Marcelo J AU - Truesdell, Alfred H AU - Rodriguez, Marco H AU - Perez, Alfredo Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 229 EP - 256 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - geothermal wells KW - power plants KW - exploitation KW - salinity KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - California KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - energy sources KW - metamorphic rocks KW - metasedimentary rocks KW - basins KW - Imperial Fault KW - chemical composition KW - basaltic composition KW - geochemistry KW - faults KW - systems KW - North America KW - rift zones KW - condensation KW - Imperial County California KW - injection KW - Cerro Prieto Fault KW - deformation KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - Salton Trough KW - grabens KW - Cerro Prieto Field KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - recharge KW - intrusions KW - dikes KW - Mexico KW - boiling KW - brines KW - Baja California Mexico KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51816847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Response+of+Cerro+Prieto+II+and+III+%28Mexico%29+to+exploitation&rft.au=Lippmann%2C+Marcelo+J%3BTruesdell%2C+Alfred+H%3BRodriguez%2C+Marco+H%3BPerez%2C+Alfredo&rft.aulast=Lippmann&rft.aufirst=Marcelo&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2003.08.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Baja California Mexico; basaltic composition; basins; boiling; brines; California; Cerro Prieto Fault; Cerro Prieto Field; chemical composition; condensation; deformation; dikes; energy sources; exploitation; faults; geochemistry; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal wells; grabens; ground water; hydrochemistry; Imperial County California; Imperial Fault; injection; intrusions; metamorphic rocks; metasedimentary rocks; Mexico; mineral composition; North America; power plants; recharge; reservoir rocks; rift zones; salinity; Salton Trough; sedimentary rocks; systems; thermal waters; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2003.08.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying the sources of subsurface contamination at the Handford Site in Washington using high-precision uranium isotopic measurements AN - 51797149; 2004-074366 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Christensen, John N AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Maher, Kate AU - DePaolo, Donald J Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 3330 EP - 3337 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Cold Creek KW - volcanic rocks KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - mass spectra KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - movement KW - basalts KW - sediments KW - Pasco Basin KW - spectra KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - high-resolution methods KW - Washington KW - isotope ratios KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - Miocene KW - measurement KW - ICP mass spectra KW - Tertiary KW - boreholes KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - U-234 KW - Pliocene KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-234 KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51797149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Identifying+the+sources+of+subsurface+contamination+at+the+Handford+Site+in+Washington+using+high-precision+uranium+isotopic+measurements&rft.au=Christensen%2C+John+N%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMaher%2C+Kate%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3330&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; basalts; bedrock; boreholes; Cenozoic; Cold Creek; Columbia River Basalt Group; contaminant plumes; environmental analysis; ground water; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; high-resolution methods; hydrology; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; lithostratigraphy; mass spectra; measurement; metals; Miocene; movement; Neogene; Pasco Basin; Pliocene; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Ringold Formation; sediments; soils; spectra; Tertiary; U-234; U-238/U-234; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; volcanic rocks; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural speciation of Zn at the micrometer scale in a clayey soil using X-ray fluorescence, absorption, and diffraction AN - 51745185; 2005-018632 AB - Combined use of synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence (SXRF), diffraction (XRD), and absorption (EXAFS) with an X-ray spot size as small as five micrometers allows us to examine noninvasively heterogeneous soils and sediments. Specifically, the speciation of trace metals at low bulk concentrations and the nature of host minerals can be probed with a level of detail unattainable by other techniques. The potential of this novel analytical approach is demonstrated by determining the Zn species in the solid phases of a pristine horizon of a clayey acidic soil (pH 4.5-5.0) having a Zn concentration of 128 mg/kg. The sample presents a differentiated fabric under the optical microscope with traces of localized manganiferous, ferriferous and argillaceous accumulations. The high chemical and textural heterogeneity of this soil offers an opportunity to identify new Zn species and to confirm the existence of others proposed from published least-squares fits of bulk averaged EXAFS spectra. As many as five to six Zn species were observed: sphalerite (ZnS), zincochromite (ZnCr (sub 2) O (sub 4) ), Zn-containing phyllosilicate and lithiophorite, and Zn-sorbed ferrihydrite or Zn-phosphate, the results being less definitive for these two last species. Bulk EXAFS spectroscopy applied to the powdered soil indicated that Zn is predominantly associated with phyllosilicates, all other species amounting to < approximately 10 to 20% of total zinc. The role of lithiophorite in the sequestration of zinc in soils had been inferred previously, but the firm identification of lithiophorite in this study serves as an excellent demonstration of the capabilities of combined micro-SXRF/XRD/EXAFS measurements. The micro-EXAFS spectrum collected in an area containing only phyllosilicates could not be simulated assuming a single Zn structural environment. Two distinct octahedrally-coordinated crystallographic sites (i.e., two EXAFS components) were considered: one site located within the phyllosilicate structure (isomorphic cationic substitution in the octahedral sheet) and another in the interlayer region in the form of a Zn-sorbed hydroxy-Al interlayered species. This second subspecies is less certain and further investigation of the individual EXAFS spectrum of this component is needed to precise its exact nature and the uptake mechanism of zinc in it. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Manceau, Alain AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Tamura, Nobumichi AU - Proux, Olivier AU - Geoffroy, Nicolas AU - Lanson, Bruno Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 2467 EP - 2483 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 68 IS - 11 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - soils KW - zinc KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - sequestration KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - pollutants KW - clay mineralogy KW - lithiophorite KW - pollution KW - synchrotron radiation KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - Clay soils KW - sediments KW - EXAFS data KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - applications KW - spectra KW - gibbsite KW - geochemistry KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51745185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Natural+speciation+of+Zn+at+the+micrometer+scale+in+a+clayey+soil+using+X-ray+fluorescence%2C+absorption%2C+and+diffraction&rft.au=Manceau%2C+Alain%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BTamura%2C+Nobumichi%3BProux%2C+Olivier%3BGeoffroy%2C+Nicolas%3BLanson%2C+Bruno&rft.aulast=Manceau&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2003.11.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; chemical fractionation; clay mineralogy; Clay soils; EXAFS data; experimental studies; geochemistry; gibbsite; laboratory studies; lithiophorite; metals; oxides; pollutants; pollution; sediments; sequestration; soils; spectra; synchrotron radiation; toxic materials; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2003.11.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of volcanic influence on global precipitation AN - 51730565; 2005-030155 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Gillett, N P AU - Weaver, A J AU - Zwiers, F W AU - Wehner, M F Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 12 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - atmosphere KW - effects KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - hydrologic cycle KW - volcanism KW - eruptions KW - aerosols KW - greenhouse effect KW - regression analysis KW - climate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51730565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Detection+of+volcanic+influence+on+global+precipitation&rft.au=Gillett%2C+N+P%3BWeaver%2C+A+J%3BZwiers%2C+F+W%3BWehner%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Gillett&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GL020044 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; atmospheric precipitation; climate; effects; eruptions; greenhouse effect; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; numerical models; regression analysis; simulation; statistical analysis; temperature; volcanism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL020044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of CO (sub 2) disposal by mineral trapping in deep aquifers AN - 51680273; 2005-060569 AB - Carbon dioxide disposal into deep aquifers is a potential means whereby atmospheric emissions of greenhouse gases may be reduced. However, our knowledge of the geohydrology, geochemistry, geophysics, and geomechanics of CO (sub 2) disposal must be refined if this technology is to be implemented safely, efficiently, and predictably. As a prelude to a fully coupled treatment of physical and chemical effects of CO (sub 2) injection, the authors have analyzed the impact of CO (sub 2) immobilization through carbonate mineral precipitation. Batch reaction modeling of the geochemical evolution of 3 different aquifer mineral compositions in the presence of CO (sub 2) at high pressure were performed. The modeling considered the following important factors affecting CO (sub 2) sequestration: (1) the kinetics of chemical interactions between the host rock minerals and the aqueous phase, (2) CO (sub 2) solubility dependence on pressure, temperature and salinity of the system, and (3) redox processes that could be important in deep subsurface environments. The geochemical evolution under CO (sub 2) injection conditions was evaluated. In addition, changes in porosity were monitored during the simulations. Results indicate that CO (sub 2) sequestration by matrix minerals varies considerably with rock type. Under favorable conditions the amount of CO (sub 2) that may be sequestered by precipitation of secondary carbonates is comparable with and can be larger than the effect of CO (sub 2) dissolution in pore waters. The precipitation of ankerite and siderite is sensitive to the rate of reduction of Fe(III) mineral precursors such as goethite or glauconite. The accumulation of carbonates in the rock matrix leads to a considerable decrease in porosity. This in turn adversely affects permeability and fluid flow in the aquifer. The numerical experiments described here provide useful insight into sequestration mechanisms, and their controlling geochemical conditions and parameters. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Apps, John A AU - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 917 EP - 936 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 19 IS - 6 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - TOUGH2 KW - alteration KW - deep aquifers KW - technology KW - sandstone KW - salinity KW - solution KW - simulation KW - iron KW - observations KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - ferric iron KW - controls KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - TOUGHREACT KW - kinetics KW - Eh KW - P-T conditions KW - processes KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - numerical analysis KW - matrix KW - rates KW - solubility KW - high pressure KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - gas injection KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - carbonates KW - pore water KW - formula KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51680273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+disposal+by+mineral+trapping+in+deep+aquifers&rft.au=Xu%2C+Tianfu%3BApps%2C+John+A%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Tianfu&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2003.11.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 84 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; aquifers; carbon dioxide; carbonates; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; computer programs; controls; deep aquifers; Eh; ferric iron; formula; gas injection; ground water; high pressure; iron; kinetics; matrix; metals; models; numerical analysis; numerical models; observations; P-T conditions; pore water; porosity; precipitation; pressure; processes; rates; salinity; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; simulation; solubility; solution; technology; TOUGH2; TOUGHREACT; waste disposal; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2003.11.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of CO (sub 2) leakage from a geologic disposal reservoir, including transitions from super- to subcritical conditions, and boiling of liquid CO (sub 2) AN - 51640361; 2006-008506 AB - The critical point of CO (sub 2) is at temperature and pressure conditions of T (sub crit) = 31.04 degrees C, P (sub crit) = 73.82 bar. At lower (subcritical) temperatures and/or pressures, CO (sub 2) can exist in two different phase states, a liquid and a gaseous state, as well as in two-phase mixtures of these states. Disposal of CO (sub 2) into brine formations would be made at supercritical pressures. However, CO (sub 2) escaping from the storage reservoir may migrate upward toward regions with lower temperatures and pressures, where CO (sub 2) would be in subcritical conditions. An assessment of the fate of leaking CO (sub 2) requires a capability to model not only supercritical but also subcritical CO (sub 2) , as well as phase changes between liquid and gaseous CO (sub 2) in subcritical conditions. We have developed a methodology for numerically simulating the behavior of water/CO (sub 2) mixtures in permeable media under conditions that may include liquid, gaseous, and supercritical CO (sub 2) . This has been applied to simulations of leakage from a deep storage reservoir in which a rising CO (sub 2) plume undergoes transitions from supercritical to subcritical conditions. We find strong cooling effects when liquid CO (sub 2) rises to elevations where it begins to boil and evolve a gaseous CO (sub 2) phase. A three-phase zone forms (aqueous/liquid/gas), which over time becomes several hundred meters thick as decreasing temperatures permit liquid CO (sub 2) to advance to shallower elevations. Fluid mobilities are reduced in the three-phase region from phase interference effects. This impedes CO (sub 2) upflow, causes the plume to spread out laterally, and gives rise to dispersed CO (sub 2) discharge at the land surface. Our simulation suggests that temperatures along a CO (sub 2) leakage path may decline to levels low enough that solid water ice and CO (sub 2) hydrate phases may be formed. JF - SPE Journal AU - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 237 EP - 248 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1086-055X, 1086-055X KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - gas storage KW - fluid phase KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - boiling KW - brines KW - volume KW - cooling KW - reservoir properties KW - waste disposal KW - thermodynamic properties KW - permeability KW - P-T conditions KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51640361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPE+Journal&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+leakage+from+a+geologic+disposal+reservoir%2C+including+transitions+from+super-+to+subcritical+conditions%2C+and+boiling+of+liquid+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SPE+Journal&rft.issn=1086055X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boiling; brines; carbon dioxide; cooling; environmental effects; fluid phase; gas storage; gaseous phase; ground water; numerical models; P-T conditions; permeability; reservoir properties; seepage; simulation; thermodynamic properties; volume; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-frequency and very-high-frequency (HF & VHF) above-ground electromagnetic impedance measurements AN - 51275198; 2008-039988 AB - We have field-tested an apparatus for measuring the electromagnetic impedance above the ground at several frequencies in the 0.3-30 MHz range. This window in the frequency spectrum, which lies between frequencies used for GPR and those used for conventional loop-loop EM soundings, has not been used because of difficulties in fielding equipment for making absolute and accurate measurements. Model and physical parameter studies however confirm that data in this frequency band can be used to construct high-resolution maps of electrical conductivity and permittivity of near-surface material. Our equipment was assembled using commercial electric and magnetic antennas. The magnetic loop source is excited by a conventional signal generator-power amplifier assembly. Signal detection is accomplished using RF lock-in amplifiers. All system elements are appropriately isolated by optical fiber links. We estimate a measurement accuracy of about + or -10% for an 8-m separation between source and detector. Field tests were done at the University of California Richmond Field Station where the near surface electrical structure is well known. The experimental data at this site are mainly a function of electrical conductivity. In this context, we have obtained good agreement with the known local variations in resistivity both with depth and with position along a 35-m traverse. Additional tests in more resistive regimes where dielectric permittivity is not negligible yield spectral data compatible with the less well known near-surface electrical properties. JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Frangos, William AU - Becker, Alex AU - Lee, K H Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 87 EP - 93 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - soils KW - clay KW - experimental studies KW - electrical properties KW - electrical conductivity KW - apparent resistivity KW - clastic sediments KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - resistivity KW - dipole-dipole methods KW - measurement KW - shallow depth KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - electromagnetic field KW - accuracy KW - impedance KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51275198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=High-frequency+and+very-high-frequency+%28HF+%26amp%3B+VHF%29+above-ground+electromagnetic+impedance+measurements&rft.au=Frangos%2C+William%3BBecker%2C+Alex%3BLee%2C+K+H&rft.aulast=Frangos&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; apparent resistivity; clastic sediments; clay; dipole-dipole methods; electrical conductivity; electrical methods; electrical properties; electromagnetic field; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; impedance; measurement; resistivity; sediments; shallow depth; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-linear dynamics in flow through unsaturated fractured porous media; status and perspectives AN - 51118834; 2007-005325 JF - Reviews of Geophysics AU - Faybishenko, Boris Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 30 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 42 IS - 2 SN - 8755-1209, 8755-1209 KW - non-linear distortion KW - saturated materials KW - unsaturated zone KW - remediation KW - environmental management KW - movement KW - basalts KW - hydrodynamics KW - time domain analysis KW - Asia KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Middle East KW - climate KW - hydrology KW - Idaho KW - chaos KW - properties KW - migration of elements KW - equations KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - geometry KW - models KW - physical properties KW - mathematical methods KW - waste disposal KW - microorganisms KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - Israel KW - simulation KW - Box Canyon KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - Negev KW - heterogeneity KW - rocks KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - soils KW - bedrock KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - Hell's Half Acre KW - biogenic processes KW - infiltration KW - classification KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51118834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Non-linear+dynamics+in+flow+through+unsaturated+fractured+porous+media%3B+status+and+perspectives&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+Boris&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+Geophysics&rft.issn=87551209&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003RG000125 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/rg/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 160 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RGPSBL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; basalts; bedrock; biogenic processes; Box Canyon; chaos; classification; climate; environmental management; equations; fluid injection; fractures; geochemistry; geometry; ground water; Hell's Half Acre; heterogeneity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; Idaho; igneous rocks; infiltration; Israel; mathematical methods; microorganisms; Middle East; migration of elements; models; movement; Negev; Nevada; non-linear distortion; Nye County Nevada; physical properties; pollution; porosity; porous materials; prediction; properties; remediation; rocks; saturated materials; simulation; soils; time domain analysis; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; water-rock interaction; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003RG000125 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of radon gas into a tunnel at Yucca Mountain; estimating large-scale fractured tuff hydraulic properties and implications for the operation of the ventilation system AN - 50567585; 2008-123312 AB - Radon gas concentrations have been monitored as part of the operation of a tunnel (the Exploratory Studies Facility--ESF) at Yucca Mountain to ensure worker safety. The objective of this study was to examine the potential use of the radon data to estimate large-scale formation properties of fractured tuffs. This objective was examined by developing a numerical model, based upon the characteristics of the ESF and the Topopah Spring welded (TSw) tuff unit, capable of predicting radon concentrations for prescribed ventilation conditions. The model was used to address two specific issues. First, it was used to estimate the permeability and porosity of the fractures in the TSw at the length scale of the ESF and extending tens of meters into the TSw, which surrounds the ESF. Second, the model was used to understand the mechanism leading to radon concentrations exceeding a specified level within the ESF. The mechanism controlling radon concentrations in the ESF is a function of atmospheric barometric fluctuations being propagated down the ESF along with ventilated air flow and the slight suction induced by the ventilation exhaust fans at the South Portal of the ESF. These pressure fluctuations are dampened in the TSw fracture continuum according to its permeability and porosity. Consequently, as the barometric pressure in the ESF drops rapidly, formation gases from the TSw are pulled into the ESF, resulting in an increase in radon concentrations. Model calibration to both radon concentrations measured in the ESF and gas-phase pressure fluctuations in the TSw yielded concurrent estimates of TSw fracture permeability and porosity of 1X10 (super -11) m (super 2) and 0.00034, respectively. The calibrated model was then used as a design tool to predict the effect of adjusting the current ventilation-system operation strategy for reducing the probability of radon gas concentrations exceeding a specified level. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Unger, Andre AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 153 EP - 171 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 70 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - mechanism KW - calibration KW - radon KW - reservoir rocks KW - ventilation KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - controls KW - radioactive isotopes KW - noble gases KW - tunnels KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - soils KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - welded tuff KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - inverse problem KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - Miocene KW - Rn-222 KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - physical properties KW - Neogene KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50567585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Transport+of+radon+gas+into+a+tunnel+at+Yucca+Mountain%3B+estimating+large-scale+fractured+tuff+hydraulic+properties+and+implications+for+the+operation+of+the+ventilation+system&rft.au=Unger%2C+Andre%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur&rft.aulast=Unger&rft.aufirst=Andre&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2003.07.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; Cenozoic; concentration; controls; design; experimental studies; fractured materials; fractures; high-level waste; igneous rocks; inverse problem; isotopes; mechanism; migration of elements; Miocene; monitoring; Neogene; Nevada; noble gases; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; physical properties; pollution; porosity; prediction; pyroclastics; radioactive isotopes; radon; reservoir rocks; Rn-222; soils; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; tunnels; underground disposal; United States; ventilation; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.07.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating flow parameter distributions using ground-penetrating radar and hydrological measurements during transient flow in the vadose zone AN - 18053318; 5912606 AB - Methods for estimating the parameter distributions necessary for modeling fluid flow and contaminant transport in the shallow subsurface are in great demand. Soil properties such as permeability, porosity, and water retention are typically estimated through the inversion of hydrological data (e.g. measurements of capillary pressure and water saturation). However, ill-posedness and non-uniqueness commonly arise in such non-linear inverse problems making their solutions elusive. Incorporating additional types of data, such as from geophysical methods, may greatly improve the success of inverse modeling. In particular, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) methods have proven sensitive to subsurface fluid flow processes and appear promising for such applications. In the present work, an inverse technique is presented which allows for the estimation of flow parameter distributions and the prediction of flow phenomena using GPR and hydrological measurements collected during a transient flow experiment. Specifically, concepts from the pilot point method were implemented in a maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework to allow for the generation of permeability distributions that are conditional to permeability point measurements, that maintain specified patterns of spatial correlation, and that are consistent with geophysical and hydrological data. The current implementation of the approach allows for additional flow parameters to be estimated concurrently if they are assumed uniform and uncorrelated with the permeability distribution. (The method itself allows for heterogeneity in these parameters to be considered, and it allows for parameters of the petrophysical and semivariogram models to be estimated as well.) Through a synthetic example, performance of the method is evaluated under various conditions, and some conclusions are made regarding the joint use of transient GPR and hydrological measurements in estimating fluid flow parameters in the vadose zone. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Kowalsky, M B AU - Finsterle, S AU - Rubin, Y AD - Civil and Environmental Engineering, 435 Davis Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA, mbkowalsky@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 583 EP - 599 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18053318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Estimating+flow+parameter+distributions+using+ground-penetrating+radar+and+hydrological+measurements+during+transient+flow+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Kowalsky%2C+M+B%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BRubin%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Kowalsky&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2004.03.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.03.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reply: whole-culture synchronization - effective tools for cell cycle studies AN - 18005484; 5958637 AB - Studies of gene expression during the eukaryotic cell cycle in whole-culture synchronized cultures have been published using many methodologies. These procedures alter the state of the cell cycle for a population of cells, rather than purifying a population of cells that are in the same state. Criticism of these methods (e.g. see Cooper, this issue, pp. 266-269, DOI:10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.04.009) suggests that these studies are flawed, and posits that such methodologies cannot be used to study the cell cycle because they alter the size and age distributions of the cultures. We believe that whole-culture cell cycle studies work even though they alter the size and age distributions: these cells still progress through the cell cycle and although we do not suggest that the methods are perfect, we will explain how these microarray studies have successfully identified cell cycle regulated genes and why these results are biologically meaningful. JF - Trends in Biotechnology AU - Spellman, P T AU - Sherlock, G AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Science Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 84, Room 336, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 270 EP - 273 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 0167-7799, 0167-7799 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Age KW - Cell cycle KW - Synchronization KW - Cell culture KW - Batch culture KW - Reviews KW - Cell size KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33220:Cell culture KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation KW - W2 32220:Cell culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18005484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Reply%3A+whole-culture+synchronization+-+effective+tools+for+cell+cycle+studies&rft.au=Spellman%2C+P+T%3BSherlock%2C+G&rft.aulast=Spellman&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01677799&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2004.04.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell culture; Synchronization; Cell cycle; Batch culture; Age; Cell size; Reviews DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.04.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Final words: cell age and cell cycle are unlinked AN - 17996811; 5958640 AB - Cooper has a simple belief: that the cell cycle is connected to age and size. Furthermore, as a result of this connection in his mind he believes that there are no possible manipulations that can operate on a batch culture to synchronize cells within the cell cycle, such that those cells can undergo a semblance of a normal cell cycle. His formulation of this argument is as a fundamental law', the law of conservation of cell-age order (LCCAO). The first part of this law - there is no batch treatment of the culture that can lead to an alteration of the cell-age order' - can probably be proved true, in the mathematical sense, and certainly makes intuitive sense. Unfortunately the corollaries of this law are rather suspect, drawing inferences from cell age to cell size to the cell cycle. JF - Trends in Biotechnology AU - Spellman, P T AU - Sherlock, G AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Science Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 84, Room 336, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 277 EP - 278 VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 0167-7799, 0167-7799 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Age KW - Mathematical models KW - Synchronization KW - Cell cycle KW - Batch culture KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33220:Cell culture KW - W4 320:Cell Culture & Batch Fermentation KW - W2 32220:Cell culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17996811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Final+words%3A+cell+age+and+cell+cycle+are+unlinked&rft.au=Spellman%2C+P+T%3BSherlock%2C+G&rft.aulast=Spellman&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01677799&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2004.04.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell cycle; Age; Synchronization; Mathematical models; Batch culture DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.04.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A composite medium approximation for unsaturated flow in layered sediments AN - 17947443; 5903661 AB - Saturated-unsaturated flow in strictly layered sediments proceeds via conductors in parallel in the direction parallel to bedding, and via resistors in series in the direction perpendicular to bedding. On sufficiently small scales of space and time, flow in such media will be subject to approximate capillary equilibrium locally, which provides a basis for approximating the effective hydraulic conductivity of a composite multi-layer medium in terms of the conductivities of the individual layers. Equations for the hydraulic conductivity tensor in 'composite medium approximation' (COMA) are given in a coordinate system aligned with bedding. Hydraulic conductivity parallel to bedding is generally larger than in the perpendicular direction. The anisotropy depends on the spread of the conductivity distribution, and tends to increase for dryer conditions. The COMA model was implemented in a multi-phase flow simulator and tested by comparison with high-resolution simulations in which all layering heterogeneity is resolved explicitly. Under favorable conditions, COMA is found to accurately represent sub-grid scale flow and transport processes, providing a practical method for simulating field-scale flow and transport in layered media. The approximation improves when layers are thinner, and when flow rates are smaller. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Pruess, K AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Rd-Mailstop 90-1116, Berkely CA 94720, USA, k_pruess@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 225 EP - 247 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 70 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Modeling KW - Layered media KW - Vadose zone KW - Aniostropy KW - Lateral spreading , Nomenclature KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Permeability Coefficient KW - Vadose Water KW - Sediments KW - Model Studies KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17947443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+composite+medium+approximation+for+unsaturated+flow+in+layered+sediments&rft.au=Pruess%2C+K&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2003.09.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Path of Pollutants; Vadose Water; Permeability Coefficient; Sediments; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2003.09.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hexavalent Uranium Diffusion into Soils from Concentrated Acidic and Alkaline Solutions AN - 16185192; 6000818 AB - Uranium contamination of soils and sediments often originates from acidic or alkaline waste sources, with diffusion being a major transport mechanism. Measurements of U(VI) diffusion from initially pH 2 and pH 11 solutions into a slightly alkaline Altamont soil and a neutral Oak Ridge soil were obtained through monitoring uptake from boundary reservoirs and from U concentration profiles within soil columns. The soils provided pH buffering, resulting in diffusion at nearly constant pH. Micro X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra confirmed that U remained in U(VI) forms in all soils. Time trends of U(VI) depletion from reservoirs and U(VI) concentration profiles within soil columns yielded K sub(d) values consistent with those determined in batch tests at similar concentrations ( approximately 1 mM) and much lower than values for sorption at much lower concentrations (nM to mu M). These results show that U(VI) transport at high concentrations can be relatively fast at non-neutral pH, with negligible surface diffusion, because of weak sorption. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Pena, J AU - Sutton AU - Newville, M AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, tktokunaga@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/06/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jun 01 SP - 3056 EP - 3062 VL - 38 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - Sorption KW - Acidic wastes KW - Uranium KW - Absorption KW - Diffusion KW - Soil contamination KW - Alkaline wastes KW - pH KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16185192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Hexavalent+Uranium+Diffusion+into+Soils+from+Concentrated+Acidic+and+Alkaline+Solutions&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+T+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BPena%2C+J%3BSutton%3BNewville%2C+M&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3056&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes035289%2B LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Acidic wastes; Uranium; Absorption; Diffusion; Soil contamination; Alkaline wastes; pH; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es035289+ ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural Studies of the Nudix Hydrolase DR1025 From Deinococcus radiodurans and its Ligand Complexes AN - 18024524; 5954499 AB - We have determined the crystal structure, at 1.4A , of the Nudix hydrolase DR1025 from the extremely radiation resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. The protein forms an intertwined homodimer by exchanging N-terminal segments between chains. We have identified additional conserved elements of the Nudix fold, including the metal-binding motif, a kinked beta -strand characterized by a proline two positions upstream of the Nudix consensus sequence, and participation of the N-terminal extension in the formation of the substrate-binding pocket. Crystal structures were also solved of DR1025 crystallized in the presence of magnesium and either a GTP analog or Ap4A (both at 1.6A resolution). In the Ap4A co-crystal, the electron density indicated that the product of asymmetric hydrolysis, ATP, was bound to the enzyme. The GTP analog bound structure showed that GTP was bound almost identically as ATP. Neither nucleoside triphosphate was further cleaved. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Ranatunga, W AU - Hill, EE AU - Mooster, J L AU - Holbrook, EL AU - Schulze-Gahmen, U AU - Xu, W AU - Bessman, MJ AU - Brenner, SE AU - Holbrook AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, srholbrook@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/05/21/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 21 SP - 103 EP - 116 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 339 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - nudix hydrolase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Metals KW - Proline KW - Dimers KW - Protein folding KW - Crystal structure KW - Deinococcus radiodurans KW - Magnesium KW - Ligands KW - A 01006:Enzymes & cofactors KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18024524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Structural+Studies+of+the+Nudix+Hydrolase+DR1025+From+Deinococcus+radiodurans+and+its+Ligand+Complexes&rft.au=Ranatunga%2C+W%3BHill%2C+EE%3BMooster%2C+J+L%3BHolbrook%2C+EL%3BSchulze-Gahmen%2C+U%3BXu%2C+W%3BBessman%2C+MJ%3BBrenner%2C+SE%3BHolbrook&rft.aulast=Ranatunga&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-05-21&rft.volume=339&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2004.01.065 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Proline; Dimers; Protein folding; Crystal structure; Magnesium; Ligands; Deinococcus radiodurans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2004.01.065 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beamline 10.3.2 at ALS: a hard X-ray microprobe for environmental and materials sciences. AN - 71854980; 15103110 AB - Beamline 10.3.2 at the ALS is a bend-magnet line designed mostly for work on environmental problems involving heavy-metal speciation and location. It offers a unique combination of X-ray fluorescence mapping, X-ray microspectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction. The optics allow the user to trade spot size for flux in a size range of 5-17 microm in an energy range of 3-17 keV. The focusing uses a Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror pair to image a variable-size virtual source onto the sample. Thus, the user can reduce the effective size of the source, thereby reducing the spot size on the sample, at the cost of flux. This decoupling from the actual source also allows for some independence from source motion. The X-ray fluorescence mapping is performed with a continuously scanning stage which avoids the time overhead incurred by step-and-repeat mapping schemes. The special features of this beamline are described, and some scientific results shown. JF - Journal of synchrotron radiation AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - MacDowell, Alastair A AU - Celestre, Richard AU - Manceau, Alain AU - Miller, Tom AU - Padmore, Howard A AU - Sublett, Robert E AD - Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. mamarcus@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/05/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 01 SP - 239 EP - 247 VL - 11 SN - 0909-0495, 0909-0495 KW - Cadmium Compounds KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Sulfides KW - cadmium sulfide KW - 057EZR4Z7Q KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Zinc -- analysis KW - Nanotubes -- chemistry KW - Equipment Design KW - Systems Integration KW - Sulfides -- chemistry KW - Nanotubes -- ultrastructure KW - Arabidopsis -- chemistry KW - Cadmium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Metals -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis KW - Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission -- instrumentation KW - X-Rays KW - Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission -- methods KW - X-Ray Diffraction -- methods KW - Transducers KW - Materials Testing -- methods KW - X-Ray Diffraction -- instrumentation KW - Materials Testing -- instrumentation KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71854980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+synchrotron+radiation&rft.atitle=Beamline+10.3.2+at+ALS%3A+a+hard+X-ray+microprobe+for+environmental+and+materials+sciences.&rft.au=Marcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BMacDowell%2C+Alastair+A%3BCelestre%2C+Richard%3BManceau%2C+Alain%3BMiller%2C+Tom%3BPadmore%2C+Howard+A%3BSublett%2C+Robert+E&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+synchrotron+radiation&rft.issn=09090495&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-15 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Robust determination of the pore-space morphology in sedimentary rocks AN - 51787267; 2004-079623 JF - JPT. Journal of Petroleum Technology AU - Silin, Dmitry B AU - Jin, Guodong AU - Patzek, Tad W Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 69 EP - 70 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Dallas, TX VL - 56 IS - 5 SN - 0149-2136, 0149-2136 KW - morphology KW - petroleum engineering KW - sedimentary rocks KW - capillary pressure KW - pore-throat detection algorithm KW - connectivity KW - reservoir properties KW - algorithms KW - voxel object KW - porosity KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51787267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JPT.+Journal+of+Petroleum+Technology&rft.atitle=Robust+determination+of+the+pore-space+morphology+in+sedimentary+rocks&rft.au=Silin%2C+Dmitry+B%3BJin%2C+Guodong%3BPatzek%2C+Tad+W&rft.aulast=Silin&rft.aufirst=Dmitry&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=JPT.+Journal+of+Petroleum+Technology&rft.issn=01492136&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - www.spe.org/jpt http://www.spe.org/jpt/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Highlights from original edited by Denney, Dennis N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JPTJAM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; capillary pressure; connectivity; morphology; petroleum engineering; pore-throat detection algorithm; porosity; reservoir properties; sedimentary rocks; voxel object ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A self-consistent approach for calculating the effective hydraulic conductivity of a binary, heterogeneous medium AN - 51504595; 2007-009923 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Pozdniakov (Pozdnyakov), Sergey AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 13 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 40 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - fluid dynamics KW - distribution KW - porosity KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - fractures KW - heterogeneous materials KW - hydrodynamics KW - percolation KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - heterogeneity KW - permeability KW - effective hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51504595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+self-consistent+approach+for+calculating+the+effective+hydraulic+conductivity+of+a+binary%2C+heterogeneous+medium&rft.au=Pozdniakov+%28Pozdnyakov%29%2C+Sergey%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu&rft.aulast=Pozdniakov+%28Pozdnyakov%29&rft.aufirst=Sergey&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002617 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; distribution; effective hydraulic conductivity; fluid dynamics; fractures; ground water; heterogeneity; heterogeneous materials; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; numerical models; percolation; permeability; porosity; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002617 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conditions necessary for capillary hysteresis in porous media; tests of grain size and surface tension influences AN - 51502191; 2007-009929 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Olson, Keith R AU - Wan, Jiamin Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 13 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 40 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - hysteresis KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - surface tension KW - porous materials KW - capillarity KW - gravel KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - models KW - saturation KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51502191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Conditions+necessary+for+capillary+hysteresis+in+porous+media%3B+tests+of+grain+size+and+surface+tension+influences&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BOlson%2C+Keith+R%3BWan%2C+Jiamin&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002908 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillarity; clastic sediments; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; gravel; ground water; hydrodynamics; hysteresis; models; moisture; porosity; porous materials; saturation; sediments; soils; surface tension; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002908 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconstructing population exposures from dose biomarkers: inhalation of trichloroethylene (TCE) as a case study AN - 18054633; 6020741 AB - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a well-established toxicological tool designed to relate exposure to a target tissue dose. The emergence of federal and state programs for environmental health tracking and the availability of exposure monitoring through biomarkers creates the opportunity to apply PBPK models to estimate exposures to environmental contaminants from urine, blood, and tissue samples. However, reconstructing exposures for large populations is complicated by often having too few biomarker samples, large uncertainties about exposures, and large interindividual variability. In this paper, we use an illustrative case study to identify some of these difficulties, and for a process for confronting them by reconstructing population-scale exposures using Bayesian inference. The application consists of interpreting biomarker data from eight adult males with controlled exposures to trichloroethylene (TCE) as if the biomarkers were random samples from a large population with unknown exposure conditions. The TCE concentrations in blood from the individuals fell into two distinctly different groups even though the individuals were simultaneously in a single exposure chamber. We successfully reconstructed the exposure scenarios for both subgroups - although the reconstruction of one subgroup is different than what is believed to be the true experimental conditions. We were however unable to predict with high certainty the concentration of TCE in air. JF - Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology AU - Sohn, MD AU - McKone, TE AU - Blancato, J N AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS: 90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mdsohn@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 204 EP - 213 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Environmental health KW - Blood levels KW - Urine KW - Dose-response effects KW - Trichloroethylene KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18054633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Exposure+Analysis+and+Environmental+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Reconstructing+population+exposures+from+dose+biomarkers%3A+inhalation+of+trichloroethylene+%28TCE%29+as+a+case+study&rft.au=Sohn%2C+MD%3BMcKone%2C+TE%3BBlancato%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Sohn&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Exposure+Analysis+and+Environmental+Epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsj.jea.7500314 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Urine; Dose-response effects; Environmental health; Trichloroethylene; Blood levels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jea.7500314 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of organic gases in a furnished room AN - 16165877; 5879169 AB - We present experimental data and semi-empirical models describing the sorption of organic gases in a simulated indoor residential environment. Two replicate experiments were conducted with 20 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a 50-m super(3) room finished with painted wallboard, carpet and cushion, draperies and furnishings. The VOCs span a wide volatility range and include ten hazardous air pollutants. VOCs were introduced to the static chamber as a pulse and their gas-phase concentrations were measured during a net adsorption period and a subsequent net desorption period. Three sorption models were fit to the measured concentrations for each compound to determine the simplest formulation needed to adequately describe the observed behavior. Sorption parameter values were determined by fitting the models to adsorption period data then checked by comparing measured and predicted behavior during desorption. The adequacy of each model was evaluated using a goodness of fit parameter calculated for each period. Results indicate that sorption usually does not greatly affect indoor concentrations of methyl-tert-butyl ether, 2-butanone, isoprene and benzene. In contrast, sorption appears to be a relevant indoor process for many of the VOCs studied, including C sub(8)-C sub(10) aromatic hydrocarbons (HC), terpenes, and pyridine. These compounds sorbed at rates close to typical residential air change rates and exhibited substantial sorptive partitioning at equilibrium. Polycyclic aromatic HCs, aromatic alcohols, ethenylpyridine and nicotine initially adsorbed to surfaces at rates of 1.5->6 h super(-1) and partitioned 95- >99% in the sorbed phase at equilibrium. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Singer, B C AU - Revzan, K L AU - Hotchi, T AU - Hodgson, A T AU - Brown, N J AD - Atmospheric Sciences, Indoor Environment Departments, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, bcsinger@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 2483 EP - 2494 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 38 IS - 16 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sorption KW - Hydrocarbons KW - MTBE KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Air quality KW - benzene KW - Air quality models KW - Residential areas KW - Isoprene KW - Indoor environments KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Volatile organic compounds in indoor air KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.584.61:Indoor climates (551.584.61) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16165877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+organic+gases+in+a+furnished+room&rft.au=Singer%2C+B+C%3BRevzan%2C+K+L%3BHotchi%2C+T%3BHodgson%2C+A+T%3BBrown%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2004.02.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indoor air pollution; Volatile organic compounds in indoor air; Air quality models; Sorption; Hydrocarbons; MTBE; Residential areas; Isoprene; Air quality; Indoor environments; benzene; Volatile organic compounds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.02.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remotely detected high-field MRI of porous samples. AN - 71764585; 15040984 AB - Remote detection of NMR is a novel technique in which an NMR-active sensor surveys an environment of interest and retains memory of that environment to be recovered at a later time in a different location. The NMR or MRI information about the sensor nucleus is encoded and stored as spin polarization at the first location and subsequently moved to a different physical location for optimized detection. A dedicated probe incorporating two separate radio frequency (RF)-circuits was built for this purpose. The encoding solenoid coil was large enough to fit around the bulky sample matrix, while the smaller detection solenoid coil had not only a higher quality factor, but also an enhanced filling factor since the coil volume comprised purely the sensor nuclei. We obtained two-dimensional (2D) void space images of two model porous samples with resolution less than 1.4 mm2. The remotely reconstructed images demonstrate the ability to determine fine structure with image quality superior to their directly detected counterparts and show the great potential of NMR remote detection for imaging applications that suffer from low sensitivity due to low concentrations and filling factor. JF - Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) AU - Seeley, Juliette A AU - Han, Song-I AU - Pines, Alexander AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 282 EP - 290 VL - 167 IS - 2 SN - 1090-7807, 1090-7807 KW - Xenon Isotopes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phantoms, Imaging KW - Equipment Failure Analysis KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- methods KW - Transducers KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- methods KW - Porosity KW - Image Enhancement -- methods KW - Image Enhancement -- instrumentation KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71764585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+magnetic+resonance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.+%3A+1997%29&rft.atitle=Remotely+detected+high-field+MRI+of+porous+samples.&rft.au=Seeley%2C+Juliette+A%3BHan%2C+Song-I%3BPines%2C+Alexander&rft.aulast=Seeley&rft.aufirst=Juliette&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+magnetic+resonance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.+%3A+1997%29&rft.issn=10907807&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-05-25 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced cutaneous vascular response in AD subjects under donepezil therapy. AN - 71726648; 15013568 AB - OBJECTIVEAbnormal cutaneous vasodilatory responses to the iontophoresis of vasodilators were previously observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We sought to replicate these observations and further identify peripheral vascular components of AD pathology.METHODSMethacholine chloride (MCh), acetylcholine chloride (ACh), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were applied iontophoretically to forearm skin. Laser Doppler imaging of treated areas yielded total perfusion response values.RESULTSResponse to MCh was enhanced 78% ( P=0.003 ) in AD subjects under therapy with the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) donepezil ( N=9 ), relative to age- and sex-matched controls ( N=12 ). Significant increases in perfusion were also observed after application of ACh (68%, P=0.03 ) and SNP (46%, P=0.04 ).CONCLUSIONSA previous study reported attenuated response to ACh in AD. Paradoxically, we observed a substantially enhanced response that is likely a consequence of donepezil therapy. The increased response to the endothelium-independent vasodilator SNP indicates improved general vasodilatory response, perhaps due to preservation of endogenous ACh by donepezil. Cerebral perfusion in response to functional activation may be improved in this way, suggesting a secondary therapeutic mode of donepezil. JF - Neurobiology of aging AU - Maltz, Jonathan S AU - Eberling, Jamie L AU - Jagust, William J AU - Budinger, Thomas F AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine and Functional Imaging, Ernest O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. jsmaltz@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 475 EP - 481 VL - 25 IS - 4 SN - 0197-4580, 0197-4580 KW - Indans KW - 0 KW - Piperidines KW - Vasodilator Agents KW - donepezil KW - 8SSC91326P KW - Index Medicus KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Humans KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Drug Synergism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Piperidines -- pharmacology KW - Indans -- therapeutic use KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Piperidines -- therapeutic use KW - Vasodilation -- physiology KW - Alzheimer Disease -- physiopathology KW - Alzheimer Disease -- drug therapy KW - Indans -- pharmacology KW - Vasodilation -- drug effects KW - Vasodilator Agents -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71726648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurobiology+of+aging&rft.atitle=Enhanced+cutaneous+vascular+response+in+AD+subjects+under+donepezil+therapy.&rft.au=Maltz%2C+Jonathan+S%3BEberling%2C+Jamie+L%3BJagust%2C+William+J%3BBudinger%2C+Thomas+F&rft.aulast=Maltz&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurobiology+of+aging&rft.issn=01974580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-05-11 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Robotic observations of enhanced carbon biomass and export at 55 degrees S during SOFeX AN - 51791048; 2004-075651 AB - Autonomous floats profiling in high-nitrate low-silicate waters of the Southern Ocean observed carbon biomass variability and carbon exported to depths of 100 m during the 2002 Southern Ocean Iron Experiment (SOFeX) to detect the effects of iron fertilization of surface water there. Control and "in-patch" measurements documented a greater than fourfold enhancement of carbon biomass in the iron-amended waters. Carbon export through 100 m increased two- to sixfold as the patch subducted below a front. The molar ratio of iron added to carbon exported ranged between 10 (super 4) and 10 (super 5) . The biomass buildup and export were much higher than expected for iron-amended low-silicate waters. JF - Science AU - Bishop, James K B AU - Wood, Todd J AU - Davis, Russ E AU - Sherman, Jeffrey T Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 417 EP - 420 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 304 IS - 5669 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Southern Ocean KW - sea water KW - biomass KW - hydrochemistry KW - iron KW - variations KW - Southern Ocean Iron Experiment KW - observations KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - metals KW - carbon KW - SOFeX KW - carbon cycle KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - instruments KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51791048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Robotic+observations+of+enhanced+carbon+biomass+and+export+at+55+degrees+S+during+SOFeX&rft.au=Bishop%2C+James+K+B%3BWood%2C+Todd+J%3BDavis%2C+Russ+E%3BSherman%2C+Jeffrey+T&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=James+K&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=304&rft.issue=5669&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomass; carbon; carbon cycle; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; instruments; iron; measurement; metals; nitrate ion; observations; sea water; SOFeX; Southern Ocean; Southern Ocean Iron Experiment; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unsaturated flow and transport through a fault embedded in fractured welded tuff AN - 51666683; 2005-071468 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Cook, Paul AU - Czarnomski, Atlantis AU - Hu, Qinhong AU - Hudson, David Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 12 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - hydraulics KW - volcanic rocks KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - techniques KW - Israel KW - fluid dynamics KW - seepage KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - sampling KW - tracers KW - hydrodynamics KW - Negev KW - mass transfer KW - Asia KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - Middle East KW - experimental studies KW - welded tuff KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Nye County Nevada KW - pyroclastics KW - chalk KW - waste disposal KW - carbonate rocks KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51666683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Unsaturated+flow+and+transport+through+a+fault+embedded+in+fractured+welded+tuff&rft.au=Salve%2C+Rohit%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BCook%2C+Paul%3BCzarnomski%2C+Atlantis%3BHu%2C+Qinhong%3BHudson%2C+David&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=Rohit&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002571 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; carbonate rocks; chalk; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; fractures; ground water; hydraulics; hydrodynamics; igneous rocks; Israel; mass transfer; Middle East; Negev; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollutants; pollution; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; rock mechanics; sampling; sedimentary rocks; seepage; site exploration; solute transport; techniques; tracers; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002571 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A corrected and generalized successive random additions algorithm for simulating fractional levy motions AN - 51510932; 2007-003651 JF - Mathematical Geology AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Lu, Silong AU - Molz, Fred J Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 361 EP - 378 PB - Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers [for the] International Association for Mathematical Geology, New York-London VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0882-8121, 0882-8121 KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - levy fractals KW - movement KW - probability KW - corrections KW - algorithms KW - heterogeneity KW - water resources KW - water pollution KW - fractals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51510932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Geology&rft.atitle=A+corrected+and+generalized+successive+random+additions+algorithm+for+simulating+fractional+levy+motions&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BLu%2C+Silong%3BMolz%2C+Fred+J&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+Geology&rft.issn=08828121&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/app/home/journal.asp?wasp=b408f16fc4da4b01a4296f132139c809&referrer=parent&backto=browsepublicationsresults,1625,2444; LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MATGED N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; corrections; fractals; ground water; heterogeneity; levy fractals; movement; pollution; probability; remediation; simulation; statistical analysis; water pollution; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing a method for measuring stress-induced temporal variations in seismic velocity; successful use of barometric pressure and solid-Earth tides as calibration signals AN - 51132380; 2005-042593 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Silver, P G AU - Niu, F AU - Daley, T AU - Majer, E AU - Henyey, Thomas L AU - Jordan, Thomas H AU - McRaney, John K Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 285 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 75 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - experimental studies KW - Earth tides KW - stress KW - calibration KW - depth KW - laboratory studies KW - cracks KW - seismicity KW - velocity structure KW - temporal distribution KW - hydrophones KW - crust KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51132380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Developing+a+method+for+measuring+stress-induced+temporal+variations+in+seismic+velocity%3B+successful+use+of+barometric+pressure+and+solid-Earth+tides+as+calibration+signals&rft.au=Silver%2C+P+G%3BNiu%2C+F%3BDaley%2C+T%3BMajer%2C+E%3BHenyey%2C+Thomas+L%3BJordan%2C+Thomas+H%3BMcRaney%2C+John+K&rft.aulast=Silver&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seismological Society of America 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; cracks; crust; depth; Earth tides; experimental studies; hydrophones; laboratory studies; seismicity; stress; temporal distribution; velocity structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of gas hydrates in the deep-sea Gulf of Mexico from seismic data AN - 50885472; 2004-073874 JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Cassassuce, Florence AU - Rector, James AU - Hoversten, Mike AU - Sparkman, Gene Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 366 EP - 372 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stability KW - petroleum KW - deep-sea environment KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - seismograms KW - concentration KW - AVO methods KW - seismic profiles KW - methane KW - geophysical methods KW - alkanes KW - seismic methods KW - organic compounds KW - reserves KW - marine environment KW - mathematical methods KW - synthetic seismograms KW - hydrocarbons KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - North Atlantic KW - Mississippi Canyon KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50885472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Study+of+gas+hydrates+in+the+deep-sea+Gulf+of+Mexico+from+seismic+data&rft.au=Cassassuce%2C+Florence%3BRector%2C+James%3BHoversten%2C+Mike%3BSparkman%2C+Gene&rft.aulast=Cassassuce&rft.aufirst=Florence&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=366&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Atlantic Ocean; AVO methods; concentration; deep-sea environment; gas hydrates; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Gulf of Mexico; hydrocarbons; marine environment; marine sediments; mathematical methods; methane; Mississippi Canyon; natural gas; North Atlantic; organic compounds; petroleum; reserves; sediments; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismograms; stability; surveys; synthetic seismograms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A constitutive-relationship model for film flow on rough fracture surfaces AN - 17726763; 6044052 AB - Film flow on fracture surfaces may be an important mechanism for fast flow in unsaturated fractured rocks. Incorporating this mechanism into a numerical model requires knowledge of constitutive relationships for film flow. Based on fractal concepts and a conceptual argument of Tokunaga et al. that water films could be treated as analogues to water in unsaturated porous media, a simple constitutive-relationship model has been developed. The validity of the model is supported by excellent agreements between calculation results and experimental observations for two different fracture surfaces. JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Liu, H H AD - Earth Sciences Division, MS 90-1116, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94706, USA, hhliu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 237 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fractals KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Porous Media KW - Geohydrology KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Model Studies KW - Films KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17726763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=A+constitutive-relationship+model+for+film+flow+on+rough+fracture+surfaces&rft.au=Liu%2C+H+H&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10040-003-0297-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Films; Model Studies; Groundwater Movement; Porous Media; Geologic Fractures; Fractals; Geohydrology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-003-0297-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A high proportion of genes involved in position effect variegation also affect chromosome inheritance. AN - 71759180; 14767778 AB - Suppressors and enhancers of position effect variegation (PEV) have been linked to the establishment and maintenance of heterochromatin. The presence of centromeres and other inheritance elements in heterochromatic regions suggests that suppressors and enhancers of PEV, Su(var) s and E(var)s [collectively termed Mod(var)s], may be required for chromosome inheritance. In order to test this hypothesis, we screened 59 ethyl methanesulfonate-generated Drosophila Mod(var)s for dominant effects on the partially compromised inheritance of a minichromosome ( J21A) missing a portion of the genetically defined centromere. Nearly half of these Mod(var)s significantly increased or decreased the transmission of J21A. Analyses of homozygous mutant larval neuroblasts suggest that these mutations affect cell cycle progression and native chromosome morphology. Five out of six complementation groups tested displayed mitotic abnormalities, including phenotypes such as telomere fusions, overcondensed chromosomes, and low mitotic index. We conclude that Mod(var)s as a group are highly enriched for genes that encode essential inheritance functions. We propose that a primary function of Mod(var)s is to promote chromosome inheritance, and that the gene silencing phenotype associated with PEV may be a secondary consequence of the heterochromatic structures required to carry out these functions. JF - Chromosoma AU - Le, Hiep D AU - Donaldson, Kathryn M AU - Cook, Kevin R AU - Karpen, Gary H AD - Department of Genome Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS-84R0171, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 269 EP - 276 VL - 112 IS - 6 SN - 0009-5915, 0009-5915 KW - Heterochromatin KW - 0 KW - Ethyl Methanesulfonate KW - 9H154DI0UP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Centromere KW - Homozygote KW - Gene Silencing KW - Larva -- metabolism KW - Disease Transmission, Infectious KW - Phenotype KW - Telomere -- metabolism KW - Genetic Complementation Test KW - Suppression, Genetic KW - Mitotic Index KW - Mutation KW - Cell Cycle KW - Ethyl Methanesulfonate -- toxicity KW - Female KW - Male KW - Genes, Dominant -- physiology KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Drosophila melanogaster -- genetics KW - Neurons -- cytology KW - Heterochromatin -- genetics KW - Genes, Insect UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71759180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chromosoma&rft.atitle=A+high+proportion+of+genes+involved+in+position+effect+variegation+also+affect+chromosome+inheritance.&rft.au=Le%2C+Hiep+D%3BDonaldson%2C+Kathryn+M%3BCook%2C+Kevin+R%3BKarpen%2C+Gary+H&rft.aulast=Le&rft.aufirst=Hiep&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chromosoma&rft.issn=00095915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-11-01 N1 - Date created - 2004-03-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Science. 1996 Jul 5;273(5271):118-22 [8658180] J Cell Sci. 1995 Apr;108 ( Pt 4):1419-31 [7615663] Genetics. 1995 Sep;141(1):283-303 [8536977] Cell. 1995 Aug 25;82(4):599-609 [7664339] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2000 Feb;10(1):26-31 [10679385] Mol Biol Cell. 1999 Oct;10(10):3171-86 [10512858] Chromosoma. 1999 Apr;108(1):1-9 [10199951] Mol Cell. 1998 Nov;2(5):527-38 [9844626] Genetics. 1998 Oct;150(2):563-76 [9755190] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1998 Apr;8(2):147-53 [9610404] Nature. 1998 Apr 23;392(6678):825-8 [9572142] Cell. 1997 Dec 26;91(7):1007-19 [9428523] Genes Dev. 1997 Apr 1;11(7):863-75 [9106658] Genetics. 1997 Feb;145(2):325-37 [9071587] Genetics. 1997 Mar;145(3):737-47 [9055083] Cell. 1996 Jul 12;86(1):135-46 [8689681] Bioessays. 2000 Apr;22(4):351-63 [10723032] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2000 Apr;10(2):169-77 [10753788] Trends Cell Biol. 2000 Sep;10(9):392-9 [10932097] Nature. 2000 Aug 10;406(6796):593-9 [10949293] Nat Cell Biol. 2001 Feb;3(2):114-20 [11175742] Nature. 2001 Mar 1;410(6824):116-20 [11242053] Cell. 2001 Mar 9;104(5):639-42 [11257217] Genetics. 2001 Apr;157(4):1623-37 [11290718] Genes Dev. 2001 Jun 1;15(11):1334-48 [11390354] Nat Rev Genet. 2001 Aug;2(8):584-96 [11483983] Science. 2001 Aug 10;293(5532):1074-80 [11498575] Science. 2001 Dec 21;294(5551):2539-42 [11598266] Nat Cell Biol. 2002 Jan;4(1):89-93 [11780129] Genetics. 2002 Feb;160(2):609-21 [11861565] EMBO J. 2002 Mar 1;21(5):1121-31 [11867540] Genetics. 2002 Mar;160(3):995-1009 [11901117] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jan 7;100(1):193-8 [12509501] Genome Res. 2003 Feb;13(2):182-94 [12566396] Mol Gen Genet. 1981;182(3):516-9 [6795427] Genetics. 1988 Sep;120(1):181-98 [3146523] Genes Dev. 1989 Apr;3(4):438-53 [2498166] Mol Gen Genet. 1989 Jun;217(2-3):520-7 [2505058] Cell. 1990 Oct 5;63(1):33-46 [2170019] Genetics. 1992 Feb;130(2):333-44 [1541393] Genetics. 1992 Jul;131(3):683-91 [1628811] Genetics. 1992 Jun;131(2):345-52 [1644277] Genetics. 1993 Feb;133(2):279-90 [8382174] Genes Dev. 1995 Jan 15;9(2):218-33 [7851795] Methods Cell Biol. 1994;44:371-91 [7707964] Cell. 1995 Apr 7;81(1):129-38 [7720068] Cell. 1995 Apr 7;81(1):139-48 [7720069] Genes Dev. 1995 May 15;9(10):1263-77 [7758950] Bioessays. 1996 Apr;18(4):293-300 [8967897] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial polysaccharides template assembly of nanocrystal fibers AN - 51853852; 2004-035251 AB - Biological systems can produce extraordinary inorganic structures and morphologies. The mechanisms of synthesis are poorly understood but are of great interest for engineering novel materials. We use spectromicroscopy to show that microbially generated submicrometer-diameter iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) filaments contain polysaccharides, providing an explanation for the formation of akaganeite pseudo-single crystals with aspect ratios of approximately 1000:1. We infer that the cells extrude the polysaccharide strands to localize FeOOH precipitation in proximity to the cell membrane to harness the proton gradient for energy generation. Characterization of organic compounds with high spatial resolution, correlated with mineralogical information, should improve our understanding of biomineralization mechanisms. JF - Science AU - Chan, Clara S AU - De Stasio, Gelsomina AU - Welch, Susan A AU - Girasole, Marco AU - Frazer, Bradley H AU - Nesterova, Maria V AU - Fakra, Sirine AU - Banfield, Jillian F Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 1656 EP - 1658 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 303 IS - 5664 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - polysaccharides KW - characterization KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - emission spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - nanocrystals KW - laboratory studies KW - akaganeite KW - oxides KW - carbohydrates KW - spectra KW - biomineralization KW - high-resolution methods KW - experimental studies KW - oxyhydroxides KW - iron oxyhydroxides KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - iron hydroxides KW - inorganic materials KW - hydroxides KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - biofilms KW - crystallization KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51853852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Microbial+polysaccharides+template+assembly+of+nanocrystal+fibers&rft.au=Chan%2C+Clara+S%3BDe+Stasio%2C+Gelsomina%3BWelch%2C+Susan+A%3BGirasole%2C+Marco%3BFrazer%2C+Bradley+H%3BNesterova%2C+Maria+V%3BFakra%2C+Sirine%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Clara&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=303&rft.issue=5664&rft.spage=1656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1092098 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - akaganeite; biofilms; biogenic processes; biomineralization; bonding; carbohydrates; characterization; crystal structure; crystallization; emission spectra; experimental studies; high-resolution methods; hydroxides; inorganic materials; iron hydroxides; iron oxyhydroxides; laboratory studies; microorganisms; nanocrystals; organic compounds; oxides; oxyhydroxides; polysaccharides; SEM data; spectra; TEM data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1092098 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidification of forest soil in Russia; from 1893 to present AN - 51768806; 2005-008154 JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Lapenis, A G AU - Lawrence, G B AU - Andreev, A A AU - Bobrov, A A AU - Torn, M S AU - Harden, J W Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 13 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - buffers KW - global change KW - Europe KW - Russian Federation KW - Holocene KW - climate change KW - modern KW - Cenozoic KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - sampling KW - Saint Petersburg Russian Federation KW - Leningrad Oblast Russian Federation KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - climate KW - soils KW - forests KW - alkaline earth metals KW - soil profiles KW - Quaternary KW - biochemistry KW - Rostov Russian Federation KW - samples KW - biota KW - geochemical cycle KW - Voronezh Russian Federation KW - metals KW - acidification KW - seasonal variations KW - carbonates KW - land use KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51768806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Acidification+of+forest+soil+in+Russia%3B+from+1893+to+present&rft.au=Lapenis%2C+A+G%3BLawrence%2C+G+B%3BAndreev%2C+A+A%3BBobrov%2C+A+A%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BHarden%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Lapenis&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003GB002107 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; alkaline earth metals; biochemistry; biota; buffers; calcium; carbonates; Cenozoic; climate; climate change; Commonwealth of Independent States; Europe; forests; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; global change; Holocene; land use; Leningrad Oblast Russian Federation; magnesium; metals; modern; pH; Quaternary; Rostov Russian Federation; Russian Federation; Saint Petersburg Russian Federation; samples; sampling; seasonal variations; soil profiles; soils; Voronezh Russian Federation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003GB002107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On Barenblatt's model of spontaneous countercurrent imbibition AN - 51758221; 2005-009933 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Silin, Dmitry AU - Patzek, Tad Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 297 EP - 322 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - two-phase models KW - capillary pressure KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - enhanced recovery KW - equations KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - saturation KW - liquid waste KW - steady-state processes KW - multiphase flow KW - wettability KW - hydrodynamics KW - waste disposal KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=On+Barenblatt%27s+model+of+spontaneous+countercurrent+imbibition&rft.au=Silin%2C+Dmitry%3BPatzek%2C+Tad&rft.aulast=Silin&rft.aufirst=Dmitry&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; capillary pressure; enhanced recovery; equations; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; hydrodynamics; hydrology; laboratory studies; liquid waste; mathematical models; models; multiphase flow; permeability; pollution; pore water; porosity; preferential flow; saturation; steady-state processes; two-phase models; waste disposal; wettability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shear waves in acoustic anisotropic media AN - 51741034; 2005-023654 AB - Acoustic transversely isotropic (TI) media are defined by artificially setting the shear-wave velocity in the direction of symmetry axis, VS0, to zero. Contrary to conventional wisdom that equating VS0 = 0 eliminates shear waves, we demonstrate their presence and examine their properties. Specifically, we show that SV-waves generally have finite nonzero phase and group velocities in acoustic TI media. In fact, these waves have been observed in full waveform modeling, but apparently they were not understood and labeled as numerical artifacts. Acoustic TI media are characterized by extreme, in some sense infinite strength of anisotropy. It makes the following unusual wave phenomena possible: (1) there are propagation directions, where the SV-ray is orthogonal to the corresponding wavefront normal, (2) the SV-wave whose ray propagates along the symmetry axis is polarized parallel to the P-wave propagating in the same direction, (3) P-wave singularities, that is, directions where P- and SV-wave phase velocities coincide might exist in acoustic TI media. We also briefly discuss some aspects of wave propagation in low-symmetry acoustic anisotropic models. Extreme anisotropy in those media creates bizarre phase- and group-velocity surfaces that might bring intellectual delight to an anisotropic guru. JF - Geophysics AU - Grechka, Vladimir AU - Zhang, Linbin AU - Rector, James W Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 576 EP - 582 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - SV-waves KW - body waves KW - anisotropic materials KW - acoustical properties KW - shear stress KW - geophysical methods KW - mathematical models KW - elastic waves KW - seismic methods KW - theoretical studies KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51741034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Shear+waves+in+acoustic+anisotropic+media&rft.au=Grechka%2C+Vladimir%3BZhang%2C+Linbin%3BRector%2C+James+W&rft.aulast=Grechka&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=576&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1707077 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical properties; anisotropic materials; body waves; elastic waves; geophysical methods; mathematical models; propagation; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; shear stress; SV-waves; theoretical studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1707077 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic low-frequency effects in monitoring fluid-saturated reservoirs AN - 51740429; 2005-023649 AB - There is a complex relationship between seismic attributes, including the frequency dependence of reflections and fluid saturation in a reservoir. Observations in both laboratory and field data indicate that reflections from a fluid-saturated layer have an increased amplitude and delayed traveltime at low frequencies, when compared with reflections from a gas-saturated layer. Comparison of laboratory-modeling results with a diffusive-viscous-theory model show that low (<5) values of the quality factor Q can explain the observations of frequency dependence. At the field scale, conventional processing of time-lapse VSP data found minimal changes in seismic response of a gas-storage reservoir when the reservoir fluid changed from gas to water. Low-frequency analysis found significant seismic-reflection-attribute variation in the range of 15-50 Hz. The field observations agree with effects seen in laboratory data and predicted by the diffusive-viscous theory. One explanation is that very low values of Q are the result of internal diffusive losses caused by fluid flow. This explanation needs further theoretical investigation. The frequency-dependent amplitude and phase-reflection properties presented in this paper can be used for detecting and monitoring fluid-saturated layers. JF - Geophysics AU - Korneev, Valeri A AU - Goloshubin, Gennady M AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Silin, Dmitry B Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 522 EP - 532 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - seismic attributes KW - seismic profiles KW - monitoring KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - reflection methods KW - elastic waves KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - attenuation KW - Q KW - saturation KW - velocity KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51740429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Seismic+low-frequency+effects+in+monitoring+fluid-saturated+reservoirs&rft.au=Korneev%2C+Valeri+A%3BGoloshubin%2C+Gennady+M%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BSilin%2C+Dmitry+B&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=Valeri&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=522&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1707072 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; monitoring; Q; reflection methods; reservoir rocks; saturation; seismic attributes; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; velocity; vertical seismic profiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1707072 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crosswell electromagnetic and seismic imaging; an examination of coincident surveys at a steam flood project AN - 51736870; 2005-023637 AB - We studied crosswell electromagnetic and seismic images of three oil-saturated intervals within a southern California heavy oil field undergoing steam flood. The crosswell survey is located in a portion of the field where one well is in a "cold spot," resulting in differing steam propagation within the three units. Log analysis shows linear or second-order polynomial relationships (with correlation coefficients greater than 0.7) between electrical conductivity and water saturation, porosity, and clay content; whereas only a weakly linear relationship can be found between velocity and temperature in the lower unit studied. Crosswell seismic data is used to produce a velocity tomogram and a reflection section, and crosswell electromagnetic data is used to produce a conductivity section and derived porosity and water saturation. The seismic velocities from the tomograms show lateral variations consistent with the lateral variations in temperature seen in observation wells on either side of the crosswell section. The continuity and disruption of seismic reflections coincide with zones of continuous and variable porosity and water saturation as produced from the crosswell electromagnetic inverted conductivity section, and the derived regression fits between conductivity and porosity/water saturation. Seismic velocities, reflections, electrical conductivity, and the derived porosity and water saturation sections all contribute to explaining the observed lateral temperature variations between the wells within the three reservoir units. The unit with high steam content has low water saturation, high porosity, and laterally continuous low-velocity and seismic reflections, consistent with no barriers to flow. The upper unit, where steam breaks through later in the experiment, also has high porosity and laterally continuous seismic reflections. However, it shows a velocity gradient between the hot and cold wells consistent with the lack of steam in the cold well at the time of the experiment. The middle unit, in which steam never reaches the cold well during the experiment, has the highest water saturation and the largest zone of reduced porosity and disrupted seismic reflections, indicating a possible barrier to flow. JF - Geophysics AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Milligan, Paul AU - Byun, Joongmoo AU - Washbourne, John AU - Knauer, Larry C AU - Harness, Paul Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 406 EP - 414 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - electrical conductivity KW - well logs KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - heavy oil KW - reflection methods KW - porosity KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - California KW - steam injection KW - Kern County California KW - Kern River Field KW - floods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - velocity KW - controlled floods KW - image analysis KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51736870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Crosswell+electromagnetic+and+seismic+imaging%3B+an+examination+of+coincident+surveys+at+a+steam+flood+project&rft.au=Hoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BMilligan%2C+Paul%3BByun%2C+Joongmoo%3BWashbourne%2C+John%3BKnauer%2C+Larry+C%3BHarness%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Hoversten&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=406&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1707060 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; controlled floods; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic methods; floods; geophysical methods; heavy oil; image analysis; Kern County California; Kern River Field; oil and gas fields; porosity; reflection methods; seismic methods; steam injection; tomography; United States; velocity; well logs; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1707060 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface-to-tunnel seismic tomography studies at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51723083; 2005-033521 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research, B, Solid Earth and Planets AU - Gritto, Roland AU - Korneev, Valeri A AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Feighner, Mark A AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Peterson, John E Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - 3 SN - 0885-3401, 0885-3401 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - fractured materials KW - P-waves KW - imagery KW - geophysical surveys KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - elastic waves KW - radioactive waste KW - low-velocity zones KW - fractures KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - numerical models KW - geophysical methods KW - Nye County Nevada KW - distribution KW - surface-to-tunnel seismic methods KW - seismic methods KW - traveltime KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - waste disposal KW - amplitude KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51723083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2C+B%2C+Solid+Earth+and+Planets&rft.atitle=Surface-to-tunnel+seismic+tomography+studies+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Gritto%2C+Roland%3BKorneev%2C+Valeri+A%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BFeighner%2C+Mark+A%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BPeterson%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Gritto&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2C+B%2C+Solid+Earth+and+Planets&rft.issn=08853401&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JB002036 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jtoc/38876/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; body waves; distribution; elastic waves; fractured materials; fractures; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; imagery; low-velocity zones; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; P-waves; radioactive waste; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; site exploration; surface-to-tunnel seismic methods; surveys; tomography; traveltime; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JB002036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Results of a VSP experiment at the Resurgent Dome, Long Valley Caldera, California AN - 51715139; 2005-042683 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Gritto, Roland AU - Romero, Arturo E AU - Daley, Thomas M Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 6 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - well-logging KW - Resurgent Dome KW - elastic waves KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - Bishop Tuff KW - velocity KW - body waves KW - seismic profiles KW - Quaternary KW - Mono County California KW - geophysical methods KW - porosity KW - Long Valley Caldera KW - seismic methods KW - boreholes KW - velocity structure KW - velocity constraints KW - surveys KW - Pleistocene KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51715139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Results+of+a+VSP+experiment+at+the+Resurgent+Dome%2C+Long+Valley+Caldera%2C+California&rft.au=Gritto%2C+Roland%3BRomero%2C+Arturo+E%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M&rft.aulast=Gritto&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GL019451 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bishop Tuff; body waves; boreholes; California; Cenozoic; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Long Valley Caldera; Mono County California; P-waves; Pleistocene; porosity; Quaternary; Resurgent Dome; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; United States; velocity; velocity constraints; velocity structure; vertical seismic profiles; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019451 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating Sources of Toxicity in Stormwater: Algae Mortality in Runoff Upstream of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory AN - 19813520; 5980864 AB - Stormwater quality monitoring at industrial facilities is required by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in accordance with the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (the Clean Water Act of 1972, 33 USC 1251, Section 402). In California, this requirement is enforced by the State Water Resources Control Board and Regional Water Quality Control Boards with permits issued under the National Pollutant Discharge and Elimination System (NPDES). The specific programs for stormwater runoff are most often operated under the statewide general permit for the Waste Discharge Requirements for Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Industrial Activities (Water Quality Order No. 02-01-DWQ, CAS000001). JF - Environmental Practice AU - Campbell, C G AU - Folks, K AU - Mathews, S AU - Martinelli, R AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS 90-111b, Berkeley, CA 94270, USA, CGCampbell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 23 EP - 35 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1466-0466, 1466-0466 KW - U.S. EPA KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Storm Runoff KW - Water resources KW - Phytoplankton KW - Water quality KW - Pollution legislation KW - upstream KW - Industrial wastes KW - Pollutants KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Ecotoxicology KW - USA, California KW - Permits KW - water quality control KW - Industrial areas KW - Algae KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Rivers KW - Mortality KW - Laboratories KW - Wastes KW - River discharge KW - Toxicity KW - Water pollution KW - Water pollution control KW - EPA KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Storm water KW - Clean Water Act KW - Runoff KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - K 03450:Ecology KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19813520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Practice&rft.atitle=Investigating+Sources+of+Toxicity+in+Stormwater%3A+Algae+Mortality+in+Runoff+Upstream+of+the+Lawrence+Livermore+National+Laboratory&rft.au=Campbell%2C+C+G%3BFolks%2C+K%3BMathews%2C+S%3BMartinelli%2C+R&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Practice&rft.issn=14660466&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Pollution monitoring; Industrial wastes; Ecotoxicology; Stormwater runoff; River discharge; Phytoplankton; Pollution legislation; Freshwater pollution; Mortality; Pollutants; Storm water; Wastes; Water resources; Toxicity; Water quality; Water pollution; Runoff; Algae; Water pollution control; EPA; water quality; upstream; Clean Water Act; Industrial areas; water quality control; Storm Runoff; Laboratories; Water Pollution Effects; Permits; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geological and anthropogenic factors influencing mercury speciation in mine wastes: an EXAFS spectroscopy study AN - 17288069; 5827118 AB - The speciation of Hg is a critical determinant of its mobility, reactivity, and potential bioavailability in mine-impacted regions. Furthermore, Hg speciation in these complex natural systems is influenced by a number of physical, geological, and anthropogenic variables. In order to investigate the degree to which several of these variables may affect Hg speciation, extended X- ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy was used to determine the Hg phases and relative proportions of these phases present in Hg-bearing wastes from selected mine-impacted regions in California and Nevada. The geological origin of Hg ore has a significant effect on Hg speciation in mine wastes. Specifically, samples collected from hot-spring Hg deposits were found to contain soluble Hg-chloride phases, while such phases were largely absent in samples from silica-carbonate Hg deposits; in both deposit types, however, Hg- sulfides in the form of cinnabar (HgS, hex.) and metacinnabar (HgS, cub.) dominate. Calcined wastes in which Hg ore was crushed and roasted in excess of 600 degree C, contain high proportions of metacinnabar while the main Hg-containing phase in unroasted waste rock samples from the same mines is cinnabar. The calcining process is thought to promote the reconstructive phase transformation of cinnabar to metacinnabar, which typically occurs at 345 degree C. The total Hg concentration in calcines is strongly correlated with particle size, with increases of nearly an order of magnitude in total Hg concentration between the 500-2000 mu m and <45 mu m size fractions (e.g. from 97-810 mg/kg Hg in calcines from the Sulphur Bank Mine, CA). The proportion of Hg-sulfides present also increased by 8-18% as particle size decreased over the same size range. This finding suggests that insoluble yet soft Hg-sulfides are subject to preferential mechanical weathering and become enriched in the fine-grained fraction, while soluble Hg phases are leached out more readily as particle size decreases. The speciation of Hg in mine wastes is similar to that in distributed sediments located downstream from the same waste piles, indicating that the transport of Hg from mine waste piles does not significantly impact Hg speciation. Hg L sub(III)-EXAFS analysis of samples from Au mining regions, where elemental Hg(0) was introduced to aid in the Au recovery process, identified the presence of Hg-sulfides and schuetteite (Hg sub(3)O sub(2)SO sub(4)), which may have formed as a result of long-term Hg(0) burial in reducing high-sulfide sediments. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Kim, C S AU - Rytuba, J J AU - Brown, GE Jr AD - Surface and Aqueous Geochemistry Group, Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2115, USA, cskim@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 379 EP - 393 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - weathering KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Speciation KW - Sulphur KW - Particle Size KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - USA, Nevada KW - Spectroscopy KW - Piles KW - Sulphides KW - Bioavailability KW - Absorption spectroscopy KW - Mining wastes KW - Chemical speciation KW - Sediment Sorting KW - Downstream KW - Geology KW - Weathering KW - USA, California KW - Ultrastructure KW - Particle size KW - Sediment pollution KW - Leaching KW - Sulfides KW - Wastes KW - Water pollution KW - Mercury KW - Mine Wastes KW - Mining KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17288069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Geological+and+anthropogenic+factors+influencing+mercury+speciation+in+mine+wastes%3A+an+EXAFS+spectroscopy+study&rft.au=Kim%2C+C+S%3BRytuba%2C+J+J%3BBrown%2C+GE+Jr&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2803%2900147-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulphides; Particle size; Sediment pollution; Absorption spectroscopy; Sulphur; Anthropogenic factors; Wastes; Weathering; Mining; Ultrastructure; Water pollution; Bioavailability; Leaching; Mining wastes; Chemical speciation; Mercury; Geology; Piles; Speciation; Particle Size; Sulfides; Sediment Sorting; Downstream; Mine Wastes; Spectroscopy; USA, Nevada; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(03)00147-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - pH Neutralization and Zonation in Alkaline-Saline Tank Waste Plumes AN - 16178186; 5955081 AB - At the Hanford Site in Washington State, the pH values of contaminant plumes resulting from leaking of initially highly alkaline-saline radioactive waste solutions into the subsurface are now found to be substantially neutralized. However, the nature of plume pH neutralization has not previously been understood. As a master geochemical variable, pH needs to be understood in order to predict the fate and transport of contaminants carried by the waste plumes. Through this laboratory study, we found that the plume pH values spanned a broad range from 14 (within the near-source region) down to the value of 7 (lower than the pH value of the initial soil solution) while the plume was still connected to an actively leaking source. We defined two zones within a plume: the silicate dissolution zone (SDZ, pH 14-10) and the neutralized zone (NZ, pH 10-7). Quartz dissolution at elevated temperature and precipitation of secondary silicates (including sodium metasilicate, cancrinite, and zeolites) are the key reactions responsible for the pH neutralization within the SDZ. The rapid and thorough cation exchange of Na super(+) replacing Ca super(2+)/Mg super(2+), combined with transport, resulted in a dynamic Ca super(2+)/Mg super(2+)-enriched plume front. Subsequent precipitation of calcite, sodium silicate, and possibly talc led to dramatically reduced pH within the plume front and the neutralized zone. During aging (after the plume source became inactive), continued quartz dissolution and the secondary silicate precipitation drove the pH value lower, toward pH 11 at equilibrium within the SDZ, whereas the pH values in the NZ remained relatively unchanged with time. A pH profile of 11 from the plume source to pH 7 at the plume front is expected for a historical plume. This laboratory-based study provided realistic plume pH profiles (consistent with that measured from borehole samples) and identified underlying mechanisms responsible for pH evolution. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Wan, J AU - Larsen, J T AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Zheng, Zuoping AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, jwan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Mar 01 SP - 1321 EP - 1329 VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Sodium KW - Historical account KW - Cations KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Temperature KW - Precipitation KW - Plumes KW - Neutralization KW - pH KW - Hazardous wastes KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16178186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=pH+Neutralization+and+Zonation+in+Alkaline-Saline+Tank+Waste+Plumes&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BLarsen%2C+J+T%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BZheng%2C+Zuoping&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes034855y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Historical account; Cations; Temperature; Radioactive wastes; Precipitation; Neutralization; Plumes; Hazardous wastes; pH; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es034855y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short-term emissions deterioration in the California and Phoenix I/M programs AN - 16169941; 5862837 AB - An earlier analysis of the inspection and maintenance (I/M) program in Phoenix, Arizona [Environ. Sci. Policy 4 (2001) 377] found that fleet average emissions increased or "deteriorated" substantially between biennial I/M test cycles, and that a large fraction of the vehicles that initially failed and later passed in the first I/M cycle failed again two years later. In this paper we study vehicles that reported for a second I/M cycle well before their required biennial cycle, often because the subject vehicle was about to be sold to a new owner, in the decentralized California ASM program and the centralized Phoenix IM240 program. Because the off-cycle tests occurred at different times after the initial cycle, they allow the analysis of repeat failure rates over the shorter term (less than two years). We found that in California 20% of fail-pass vehicles, and 5% of initial-pass vehicles, failed the initial test of their next I/M cycle occurring within three months of completing the previous cycle; the failure rates were even higher in the centralized Phoenix program. This suggests that highly variable emissions, and not test fraud, were the cause of the large number of vehicles failing so soon after completing a previous I/M cycle. According to a model, as much as 74% of the vehicles that failed their initial test in Phoenix passed a retest because of emissions variability, and not because any repairs were performed. Vehicles with highly variable emissions may not only fail and pass a subsequent retest without repair, but also are likely to fail again if tested shortly thereafter. A large number of these vehicles may explain the apparent rapid increase or "deterioration" in fleet emissions observed in multiple years of I/M test result data. JF - Transportation Research, Part D: Transport and Environment AU - Wenzel, T P AU - Singer, B C AU - Slott, R R AU - Stedman, D H AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Room 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, tpwenzel@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 107 EP - 124 VL - 9D IS - 2 SN - 1361-9209, 1361-9209 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Government programs KW - Motor vehicles KW - Emission control KW - Air pollution control KW - USA, California KW - USA, Arizona, Phoenix KW - Exhaust emissions KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16169941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Research%2C+Part+D%3A+Transport+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Short-term+emissions+deterioration+in+the+California+and+Phoenix+I%2FM+programs&rft.au=Wenzel%2C+T+P%3BSinger%2C+B+C%3BSlott%2C+R+R%3BStedman%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Wenzel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=9D&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Research%2C+Part+D%3A+Transport+and+Environment&rft.issn=13619209&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.trd.2003.09.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Government programs; Motor vehicles; Air pollution control; Emission control; Exhaust emissions; USA, California; USA, Arizona, Phoenix DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2003.09.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model integration for assessing future hydroclimate impacts on water resources, agricultural production and environmental quality in the San Joaquin Basin, California AN - 16169357; 5793311 AB - The US National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change provides compelling arguments for action and adaptive measures to help mitigate water resource, agricultural production and environmental quality impacts of future climate change. National resource planning at this scale can benefit by the development of integrated impact analysis toolboxes that allow linkage and integration of hydroclimate models, surface and groundwater hydrologic models, economic and environmental impact models and techniques for social impact assessment. Simulation models used in an assessment of climate change impacts on water resources, agriculture and environmental quality in the San Joaquin Basin of California are described in this paper as well as the challenges faced in linking the component models within an impacts assessment toolbox. Results from simulations performed with several of the tools in the impacts assessment toolbox are presented and discussed. After initially attempting model integration with the public domain, GIS-based modeling framework Modular Modeling System/Object User Interface (MMS/OUI), frustration with the framework's lack of flexibility to handle monthly timestep models prompted development of a common geodatabase to allow linkage of model input and output for the linked simulation models. A GIS-based data browser was also developed that works with both network flow models and makes calls to a model post-processor that shows model output for each selected node in each model network. This data and output browser system is flexible and can readily accommodate future changes in the model network configuration and in the model database. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Quinn, NWT AU - Brekke, L D AU - Miller, N L AU - Heinzer, T AU - Hidalgo, H AU - Dracup, JA AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, nwquinn@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - March 2004 SP - 305 EP - 316 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Human Population; Pollution Abstracts KW - Climate change KW - Water resources KW - Modeling KW - Impact assessment KW - Environmental Effects KW - USA, California, San Joaquin Basin KW - Environmental Quality KW - Climatic changes KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Agricultural productivity KW - Potential resources KW - Economics KW - Hydroclimate KW - Hydrology KW - Environmental impact KW - Social Impact KW - Databases KW - Environmental quality KW - Geographic information systems KW - Groundwater KW - Resource development KW - Water Resources KW - Agriculture KW - Development projects KW - Models KW - Computer programs KW - Assessments KW - Planning KW - Ground water KW - Climatic Changes KW - Climatic change influences on water resources KW - Hydrologic models KW - Simulation KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - M3 1130:Water KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - M1 350:Monitoring and Quantitating Anthropogenic Processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16169357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=Model+integration+for+assessing+future+hydroclimate+impacts+on+water+resources%2C+agricultural+production+and+environmental+quality+in+the+San+Joaquin+Basin%2C+California&rft.au=Quinn%2C+NWT%3BBrekke%2C+L+D%3BMiller%2C+N+L%3BHeinzer%2C+T%3BHidalgo%2C+H%3BDracup%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Quinn&rft.aufirst=NWT&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1364-8152%2803%2900155-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Development projects; Potential resources; Hydroclimate; Climatic changes; Environmental impact; Water resources; Resource development; Databases; Computer programs; Economics; Ground water; Hydrology; Environmental quality; Geographic information systems; Models; Agricultural productivity; Climatic change influences on water resources; Hydrologic models; Simulation; Environmental Effects; Hydrologic Models; Assessments; Environmental Quality; Planning; Climatic Changes; Groundwater; Social Impact; Water Resources; USA, California, San Joaquin Basin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1364-8152(03)00155-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using an Escherichia coli cell-free extract to screen for soluble expression of recombinant proteins AN - 1034811877; 17027093 AB - For structural and functional genomics programs, new high-throughput methods to characterize well-expressing and highly soluble proteins are essential. A faster and more convenient approach to screen expression conditions of recombinant proteins compared to classical in vivo systems is the Escherichia coli cell-free expression system. Here, we describe a rapid procedure to screen for expression and solubility of recombinant proteins using an E. coli cell-free extract. The results presented cover 24 open reading frames of unknown function from different micro-organisms. In order to screen different variables that may interfere with solubility, we expressed the recombinant proteins with a histidine sub(6) tag, either N-terminal or C-terminal at two temperatures (25 degree and 30 degree ). The identification of recombinant proteins is performed by the dot blot procedure using an anti-histidine tag antibody. We designed a rapid method that allows the characterization of soluble candidates from a large number of genes or from a large number of variants that is highly compatible with structural genomics expectations. Abbreviations IPTG - isopropyl beta -d-1 thiogalactopyranoside; Mr - molecular mass; ORF - open reading frame; PCR - polymerase chain reaction; TBST - Tris-buffered saline Tween; Tris - tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Busso, Didier AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Kim, Sung-Hou AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-5230, USA, r_kim@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 69 EP - 74 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 5 IS - 1-2 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Antibodies KW - Open reading frames KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Solubility KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Temperature effects KW - genomics KW - Escherichia coli KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034811877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=Using+an+Escherichia+coli+cell-free+extract+to+screen+for+soluble+expression+of+recombinant+proteins&rft.au=Busso%2C+Didier%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BKim%2C+Sung-Hou&rft.aulast=Busso&rft.aufirst=Didier&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AJSFG.0000029197.44728.c5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Antibodies; Solubility; Structure-function relationships; Polymerase chain reaction; genomics; Open reading frames; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JSFG.0000029197.44728.c5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An automated small-scale protein expression and purification screening provides beneficial information for protein production AN - 1034811834; 17027091 AB - One of the first key steps in structural genomics is high-throughput expression and rapid screening to select highly soluble proteins, the preferred candidates for crystal production. Here we describe the methodology used at the Berkeley Structural Genomics Center (BSGC) for automated parallel expression and small-scale purification of fusion proteins using a 96-well format. Our robotic method includes cell lysis, soluble fraction separation and purification with affinity resins. For detection of His-tagged proteins in the soluble fractions and after affinity resin elution, a dot-blot procedure with an anti-His-antibody is used. The expression level and molecular mass of recombinant proteins are checked by SDS-PAGE. With this approach, we are able to obtain beneficial information to be used for large-scale protein expression and purification. JF - Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics AU - Nguyen, Henry AU - Martinez, Bruno AU - Oganesyan, Natalia AU - Kim, Rosalind AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, R_Kim@LBL.gov Y1 - 2004/03// PY - 2004 DA - Mar 2004 SP - 23 EP - 27 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 5 IS - 1-2 SN - 1345-711X, 1345-711X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Crystals KW - Fusion protein KW - Resins KW - Structure-function relationships KW - genomics KW - protein purification KW - robotics KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1034811834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.atitle=An+automated+small-scale+protein+expression+and+purification+screening+provides+beneficial+information+for+protein+production&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Henry%3BMartinez%2C+Bruno%3BOganesyan%2C+Natalia%3BKim%2C+Rosalind&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=2004-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+and+Functional+Genomics&rft.issn=1345711X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AJSFG.0000029195.73810.86 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-10 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resins; Structure-function relationships; robotics; Fusion protein; Crystals; genomics; protein purification DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JSFG.0000029195.73810.86 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-dimensional optical spectroscopy: two-color photon echoes of electronically coupled phthalocyanine dimers. AN - 66733244; 15268397 AB - Two-color photon echo peak shift spectroscopy was used to study electronic coupling in a phthalocyanine homodimer. Two optical parametric amplifiers were used to produce pulses to excite the split lower states of LuPc2-. The existence of a two-color peak shift indicates the existence of correlation between these two dipole-allowed states. The nature of this correlation is discussed based on theoretical predictions of the interactions between exciton and charge resonance states. JF - The Journal of chemical physics AU - Prall, Bradley S AU - Parkinson, Dilworth Y AU - Fleming, Graham R AU - Yang, Mino AU - Ishikawa, Naoto AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/02/08/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Feb 08 SP - 2537 EP - 2540 VL - 120 IS - 6 SN - 0021-9606, 0021-9606 KW - Indoles KW - 0 KW - phthalocyanine KW - V5PUF4VLGY KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Electrochemistry -- methods KW - Computer Simulation KW - Dimerization KW - Light KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence -- methods KW - Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton -- methods KW - Models, Chemical KW - Indoles -- radiation effects KW - Indoles -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66733244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+chemical+physics&rft.atitle=Two-dimensional+optical+spectroscopy%3A+two-color+photon+echoes+of+electronically+coupled+phthalocyanine+dimers.&rft.au=Prall%2C+Bradley+S%3BParkinson%2C+Dilworth+Y%3BFleming%2C+Graham+R%3BYang%2C+Mino%3BIshikawa%2C+Naoto&rft.aulast=Prall&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2004-02-08&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+chemical+physics&rft.issn=00219606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2006-05-02 N1 - Date created - 2004-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formaldehyde as a basis for residential ventilation rates. AN - 80135805; 14756840 AB - Traditionally, houses in the US have been ventilated by passive infiltration in combination with active window opening. However in recent years, the construction quality of residential building envelopes has been improved to reduce infiltration, and the use of windows for ventilation also may have decreased due to a number of factors. Thus, there has been increased interest in engineered ventilation systems for residences. The amount of ventilation provided by an engineered system should be set to protect occupants from unhealthy or objectionable exposures to indoor pollutants, while minimizing energy costs for conditioning incoming air. Determining the correct ventilation rate is a complex task, as there are numerous pollutants of potential concern, each having poorly characterized emission rates, and poorly defined acceptable levels of exposure. One ubiquitous pollutant in residences is formaldehyde. The sources of formaldehyde in new houses are reasonably understood, and there is a large body of literature on human health effects. This report examines the use of formaldehyde as a means of determining ventilation rates and uses existing data on emission rates of formaldehyde in new houses to derive recommended levels. Based on current, widely accepted concentration guidelines for formaldehyde, the minimum and guideline ventilation rates for most new houses are 0.28 and 0.5 air changes per hour, respectively. JF - Indoor air AU - Sherman, M H AU - Hodgson, A T AD - Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. mhsherman@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 2 EP - 8 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Formaldehyde KW - 1HG84L3525 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ventilation KW - Humans KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Air Movements KW - Formaldehyde -- chemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollutants -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80135805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Formaldehyde+as+a+basis+for+residential+ventilation+rates.&rft.au=Sherman%2C+M+H%3BHodgson%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2004-02-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient crosswell EM tomography using localized nonlinear approximation AN - 51817935; 2004-060944 AB - This paper presents a fast and stable imaging scheme using the localized nonlinear (LN) approximation of integral equation (IE) solutions for inverting electromagnetic data obtained in a crosswell survey. The medium is assumed to be cylindrically symmetric about a source borehole, and to maintain the symmetry a vertical magnetic dipole is used as a source. To find an optimum balance between data fitting and smoothness constraint, we introduce an automatic selection scheme for a Lagrange multiplier, which is sought at each iteration with a least misfit criterion. In this selection scheme, the IE algorithm is quite attractive for saving computing time because Green's functions, whose calculation is a most time-consuming part in IE methods, are repeatedly re-usable throughout the inversion process. The inversion scheme using the LN approximation has been tested to show its stability and efficiency, using both synthetic and field data. The inverted image derived from the field data, collected in a pilot experiment of water-flood monitoring in an oil field, is successfully compared with that derived by a 2.5-dimensional inversion scheme. JF - Exploration Geophysics (Melbourne) AU - Kim, Hee Joon AU - Song, Yoonho AU - Lee, Ki Ha AU - Wilt, Michael J A2 - Cull, James P. A2 - Ushijima, Keisuke A2 - Kim, Hee Joon Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 51 EP - 55 PB - Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Alderley, Queensl. VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0812-3985, 0812-3985 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - finite difference analysis KW - crosshole methods KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - inverse problem KW - Green function KW - equations KW - oil and gas fields KW - localized nonlinear approximation KW - California KW - Kern County California KW - conductivity KW - electromagnetic methods KW - electromagnetic field KW - algorithms KW - Lost Hills Field KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51817935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Exploration+Geophysics+%28Melbourne%29&rft.atitle=Efficient+crosswell+EM+tomography+using+localized+nonlinear+approximation&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hee+Joon%3BSong%2C+Yoonho%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha%3BWilt%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Hee&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Exploration+Geophysics+%28Melbourne%29&rft.issn=08123985&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.publish.csiro.au/nid/225/issue/4095.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - Queensl. N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag. N1 - SuppNotes - Butsuri-Tansa Geophysical exploration, Vol. 57, No. 1 and Mulli-Tamsa (Geophysical exploration), Vol. 7, No. 1 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASEGBV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; California; conductivity; crosshole methods; data processing; electromagnetic field; electromagnetic methods; equations; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; Green function; inverse problem; Kern County California; localized nonlinear approximation; Lost Hills Field; oil and gas fields; tomography; United States; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-aqueous phase liquid spreading during soil vapor extraction AN - 51151354; 2004-052953 AB - Many non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) are expected to spread at the air-water interface, particularly under non-equilibrium conditions. In the vadose zone, this spreading should increase the surface area for mass transfer and the efficiency of volatile NAPL recovery by soil vapor extraction (SVE). Observations of spreading on water wet surfaces led to a conceptual model of oil spreading vertically above a NAPL pool in the vadose zone. Analysis of this model predicts that spreading can enhance the SVE contaminant recovery compared to conditions where the liquid does not spread. Experiments were conducted with spreading volatile oils hexane and heptane in wet porous media and capillary tubes, where spreading was observed at the scale of centimeters. Within porous medium columns up to a meter in height containing stagnant gas, spreading was less than ten centimeters and did not contribute significantly to hexane volatilization. Water film thinning and oil film pinning may have prevented significant oil film spreading, and thus did not enhance SVE at the scale of a meter. The experiments performed indicate that volatile oil spreading at the field scale is unlikely to contribute significantly to the efficiency of SVE. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Hunt, James R Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 143 EP - 164 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 68 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - air-water interface KW - pollutants KW - soil vapor extraction KW - grain size KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - capillarity KW - preferential flow KW - equilibrium KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - water table KW - volatiles KW - transport KW - saturation KW - theoretical models KW - mobility KW - boundary layer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51151354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Non-aqueous+phase+liquid+spreading+during+soil+vapor+extraction&rft.au=Kneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BHunt%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Kneafsey&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2803%2900147-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-water interface; boundary layer; capillarity; concentration; equilibrium; experimental studies; grain size; ground water; mobility; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; prediction; preferential flow; remediation; saturation; soil vapor extraction; theoretical models; transport; unsaturated zone; volatiles; water table DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00147-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of competitive cation exchange on chromatographic displacement of cesium in the vadose zone beneath the Hanford S/SX tank farm AN - 51127255; 2005-061711 AB - Migration of radionuclides under the SX-tank farm at the Hanford nuclear waste complex involves interaction of variably water saturated sediments with concentrated NaOH-NaNO (sub 3) -NaNO (sub 2) solutions that have leaked from the tanks. Constant Kd models for describing radionuclide retardation are not valid under these conditions because of strong competition for sorption sites by abundant Na+ ions, and because of dramatically changing solution compositions with time as the highly concentrated tank fluid becomes diluted as it mixes with infiltrating rainwater. A mechanistic multicomponent sorption model is required that can account for effects of competition and spatially and temporally variable solution compositions. To investigate the influence of the high ionic strength tank fluids on Cs (super +) migration, numerical calculations are performed using the multiphase-multicomponent reactive transport code FLOTRAN. The computer model describes reactive transport in nonisothermal, variably saturated porous media including both liquid and gas phases. Pitzer activity coefficient corrections are used to describe the high ionic strength solutions. The calculations take into account multicomponent cation exchange based on measured selectivity coefficients specific to the Hanford sediments. Solution composition data obtained from Well 299-W23-19, documenting a moderately concentrated leak from the SX-115 tank, are used to calibrate the model. In addition to exchange of cations Na (super +) , K (super +) , Ca (super 2+) , and Cs (super +) , aqueous complexing and a kinetic description of precipitation and dissolution of calcite are also included in the calculations. The fitted infiltration rate of 0.08 m yr-1, and fitted cation exchange capacity of 0.05 mol kg-1 are consistent with measured values for the Hanford sediments. A sensitivity analysis is performed for Na (super +) concentrations ranging from 5 to 20 m to investigate the mobility of Cs (super +) interacting with a highly concentrated background electrolyte solution believed to have been released from the SX-108/SX-109 tanks. The calculations indicate that during the initial period of the tank leak when Cs (super +) is associated with high Na (super +) concentrations, there is little retardation of the Cs (super +) plume. However, as time increases the Na (super +) and Cs (super +) profiles become chromatographically separated due to differences in their selectivity coefficients and dilution of the tank leak plume with infiltrating rainwater. Eventually the two species become separated spatially, and Cs (super +) becomes highly retarded and remains essentially fixed in the sediments by cation exchange. For the 20 m Na (super +) simulated tank leak, the sorbed Cs (super +) profile is in close agreement with data obtained from the slant borehole and consistent with the estimated tank supernatant concentration. The simulations suggest that natural attenuation processes should result in strong fixation of Cs (super +) in the vadose zone in spite of the release of high Na (super +) concentrations during a tank leak event. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Lichtner, Peter C AU - Yabusaki, Steve AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Steefel, Carl I Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 203 EP - 219 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - calcium KW - isotopes KW - one-dimensional models KW - complexing KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - absorption KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - cesium KW - digital simulation KW - sediments KW - natural attenuation KW - water pollution KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - two-phase models KW - cation exchange capacity KW - three-dimensional models KW - FLOTRAN KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - equations KW - sodium KW - two-dimensional models KW - Cs-137 KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - potassium KW - multiphase flow KW - Columbia Plateau KW - mobilization KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51127255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Role+of+competitive+cation+exchange+on+chromatographic+displacement+of+cesium+in+the+vadose+zone+beneath+the+Hanford+S%2FSX+tank+farm&rft.au=Lichtner%2C+Peter+C%3BYabusaki%2C+Steve%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I&rft.aulast=Lichtner&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix; accessed on January 4, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; calcium; cation exchange capacity; cesium; chemical reactions; Columbia Plateau; complexing; Cs-137; data processing; digital simulation; equations; FLOTRAN; Hanford Site; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; metals; mobilization; multiphase flow; natural attenuation; one-dimensional models; pollution; potassium; radioactive isotopes; sediments; sodium; soil pollution; soils; solute transport; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models; two-phase models; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of electroseismic experimental methods AN - 50884300; 2005-044608 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Haines, Seth S AU - Pride, Steven R AU - Klemperer, Simon L AU - Biondi, Biondo L AU - Allred, Barry Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 1490 EP - 1503 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2004 KW - imagery KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - elastic waves KW - harmonics KW - seismic methods KW - interfaces KW - signal-to-noise ratio KW - applications KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50884300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Development+of+electroseismic+experimental+methods&rft.au=Haines%2C+Seth+S%3BPride%2C+Steven+R%3BKlemperer%2C+Simon+L%3BBiondi%2C+Biondo+L%3BAllred%2C+Barry&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=2004&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1490&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; applications; elastic waves; electrical methods; geophysical methods; harmonics; imagery; interfaces; mathematical models; porous materials; seismic methods; seismic waves; signal-to-noise ratio ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating infiltration tests in fractured basalt at the Box Canyon site, Idaho AN - 50290258; 2005-061699 AB - The results of a series of ponded infiltration tests in variably saturated fractured basalt at Box Canyon, Idaho were used to build confidence in conceptual and numerical modeling approaches used to simulate infiltration in fractured rock. Specifically, we constructed a dual-permeability model using TOUGH2 to represent both the matrix and fracture continua of the upper basalt flow at the Box Canyon Site. A consistent set of hydrogeological parameters was obtained by calibrating the model to infiltration front arrival times in the fracture continuum as inferred from Br (super -) samples collected from fracture-borehole intersections observed during the infiltrating tests. These parameters included the permeability of the fracture and matrix continua, the interfacial area between the fracture and matrix continua, and the porosity of the fracture continuum. To calibrate the model, we multiplied the fracture-matrix interfacial area by a factor between 0.1 and 0.01 to reduce imbibition of water from the fracture continuum into the matrix continuum during the infiltration tests. Furthermore, the porosity of the fracture continuum, as calculated using the fracture aperture inferred from pneumatic-test permeabilities, was increased by a factor of 50 yielding porosity values for the upper basalt flow in the range of 0.01 to 0.02. The fracture-continuum porosity was a highly sensitive parameter controlling the arrival times of the simulated infiltration fronts. Porosity values are consistent with those determined during the Large-Scale Aquifer Pumping and Infiltration Test at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Unger, Andre J A AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Simmons, Ardyth M AU - Lenhard, Robert J AU - Yonk, Alan K AU - Wright, Phillip M AU - Herzog, James D Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - February 2004 SP - 75 EP - 89 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - volcanic rocks KW - one-dimensional models KW - igneous rocks KW - Box Canyon Site KW - halogens KW - eastern Snake River plain KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - bromide ion KW - preferential flow KW - fracturing KW - TDR data KW - ground water KW - hydrologic cycle KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - Butte County Idaho KW - basalts KW - lysimeters KW - hydrology KW - Idaho KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - rates KW - resistivity KW - bromine KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - infiltration KW - Snake River plain KW - permeability KW - Big Lost River KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50290258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Simulating+infiltration+tests+in+fractured+basalt+at+the+Box+Canyon+site%2C+Idaho&rft.au=Unger%2C+Andre+J+A%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BSimmons%2C+Ardyth+M%3BLenhard%2C+Robert+J%3BYonk%2C+Alan+K%3BWright%2C+Phillip+M%3BHerzog%2C+James+D&rft.aulast=Unger&rft.aufirst=Andre+J&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on January 3, 2005 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basalts; Big Lost River; Box Canyon Site; bromide ion; bromine; Butte County Idaho; computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; eastern Snake River plain; experimental studies; field studies; fracturing; ground water; halogens; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; Idaho; igneous rocks; infiltration; lysimeters; monitoring; movement; numerical models; one-dimensional models; permeability; preferential flow; rates; resistivity; Snake River plain; TDR data; three-dimensional models; TOUGH2; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy effects of heat-island reduction strategies in Toronto, Canada AN - 20436252; 5785595 AB - The effect of heat-island reduction (HIR) strategies on annual energy savings and peak-power avoidance of the building sector of the Greater Toronto Area is calculated, using an hourly building energy simulation model. Results show that ratepayers could realize potential annual energy savings of over $11M from the effects of HIR strategies. The residential sector accounts for over half (59%) of the total savings, offices 13% and retail stores 28%. Savings from cool roofs are about 20%, shade trees 30%, wind shielding of trees 37%, and ambient cooling by trees and reflective surfaces 12%. These results are preliminary and highly sensitive to the relative price of gas and electricity. Potential annual electrticity savings are estimated at about 150 GWh and potential peak power avoidance at 250 MW. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Akbari, H AU - Konopacki, S AD - Heat Island Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, h_akbari@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 SP - 191 EP - 210 PB - Pergamon Press Ltd VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Canada KW - Trees KW - Energy conservation KW - Simulation KW - Urban heat islands KW - Canada, Ontario, Toronto KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20436252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Energy+effects+of+heat-island+reduction+strategies+in+Toronto%2C+Canada&rft.au=Akbari%2C+H%3BKonopacki%2C+S&rft.aulast=Akbari&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2003.09.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trees; Energy conservation; Simulation; Urban heat islands; Canada; Canada, Ontario, Toronto DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2003.09.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and Diversity in Bacterial Chemotaxis: A Comparative Study in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis AN - 19259990; 5831793 AB - Comparable processes in different species often involve homologous genes. One question is whether the network structure, in particular the feedback control structure, is also conserved. The bacterial chemotaxis pathways in E. coli and B. subtilis both regulate the same task, namely, excitation and adaptation to environmental signals. Both pathways employ many orthologous genes. Yet how these orthologs contribute to network function in each organism is different. To investigate this problem, we propose what is to our knowledge the first computational model for B. subtilis chemotaxis and compare it to previously published models for chemotaxis in E. coli. The models reveal that the core control strategy for signal processing is the same in both organisms, though in B. subtilis there are two additional feedback loops that provide an additional layer of regulation and robustness. Furthermore, the network structures are different despite the similarity of the proteins in each organism. These results demonstrate the limitations of pathway inferences based solely on homology and suggest that the control strategy is an evolutionarily conserved property. JF - PLoS Biology AU - Rao, C V AU - Kirby, J R AU - Arkin AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America, aparkin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 PB - Public Library of Science, 185 Berry Street Suite 1300 San Francisco CA 94107 USA, [mailto:plos@plos.org], [URL:http://www.plos.org] VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1544-9173, 1544-9173 KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Bacteria KW - Bacillus subtilis KW - Escherichia coli KW - Chemotaxis KW - Evolution KW - Models KW - Signal transduction KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility KW - R 18007:Chemotaxis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19259990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+Biology&rft.atitle=Design+and+Diversity+in+Bacterial+Chemotaxis%3A+A+Comparative+Study+in+Escherichia+coli+and+Bacillus+subtilis&rft.au=Rao%2C+C+V%3BKirby%2C+J+R%3BArkin&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PLoS+Biology&rft.issn=15449173&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0020049 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Bacillus subtilis; Signal transduction; Evolution; Chemotaxis; Bacteria; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020049 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical evolution of highly alkaline and saline tank waste plumes during seepage through vadose zone sediments AN - 16166201; 5810101 AB - Leakage of highly saline and alkaline radioactive waste from storage tanks into underlying sediments is a serious environmental problem at the Hanford Site in Washington State. This study focuses on geochemical evolution of tank waste plumes resulting from interactions between the waste solution and sediment. A synthetic tank waste solution was infused into unsaturated Hanford sediment columns (0.2, 0.6, and 2 m) maintained at 70C to simulate the field contamination process. Spatially and temporally resolved geochemical profiles of the waste plume were obtained. Thorough OH super(-) neutralization (from an initial pH 14 down to 6.3) was observed. Three broad zones of pore solutions were identified to categorize the dominant geochemical reactions: the silicate dissolution zone (pH > 10), pH-neutralized zone (pH 10 to 6.5), and displaced native sediment pore water (pH 6.5 to 8). Elevated concentrations of Si, Fe, and K in plume fluids and their depleted concentrations in plume sediments reflected dissolution of primary minerals within the silicate dissolution zone. The very high Na concentrations in the waste solution resulted in rapid and complete cation exchange, reflected in high concentrations of Ca and Mg at the plume front. The plume-sediment profiles also showed deposition of hydrated solids and carbonates. Fair correspondence was obtained between these results and analyses of field borehole samples from a waste plume at the Hanford Site. Results of this study provide a well-defined framework for understanding waste plumes in the more complex field setting and for understanding geochemical factors controlling transport of contaminant species carried in waste solutions that leaked from single-shell storage tanks in the past. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Wan, J AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Larsen, J T AU - Serne, R J AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, jwan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/02// PY - 2004 DA - Feb 2004 SP - 491 EP - 502 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., Pergamon, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 69 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Vadose zone KW - Silicates KW - USA, Washington KW - Storage Tanks KW - Salinity KW - Storage tanks KW - Alkalinity KW - Tanks KW - Seepages KW - Vadose Water KW - Plumes KW - Sediment pollution KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Leakage KW - Underground Storage KW - Geochemistry KW - Wastes KW - Radioactive wastes KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Underground storage tanks KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 09187:Geochemistry of sediments KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16166201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Geochemical+evolution+of+highly+alkaline+and+saline+tank+waste+plumes+during+seepage+through+vadose+zone+sediments&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BLarsen%2C+J+T%3BSerne%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900482-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment chemistry; Sediment pollution; Storage tanks; Pollution dispersion; Radioactive wastes; Wastes; Tanks; Seepages; Silicates; Salinity; Underground storage tanks; Leakage; Alkalinity; Geochemistry; Vadose zone; Plumes; Hazardous wastes; Storage Tanks; Path of Pollutants; Underground Storage; Vadose Water; USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00482-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of molecular interactions at membrane surfaces through colloid phase transitions. AN - 80085779; 14712272 AB - The molecular architecture of-and biochemical processes within--cell membranes play important roles in all living organisms, with many drugs and infectious disease agents targeting membranes. Experimental studies of biochemical reactions on membrane surfaces are challenging, as they require a membrane environment that is fluid (like cell membranes) but nevertheless allows for the efficient detection and characterization of molecular interactions. One approach uses lipid membranes supported on solid substrates such as silica or polymers: although the membrane is trapped near the solid interface, it retains natural fluidity and biological functionality and can be implanted with membrane proteins for functional studies. But the detection of molecular interactions involving membrane-bound species generally requires elaborate techniques, such as surface plasmon resonance or total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Here we demonstrate that colloidal phase transitions of membrane-coated silica beads provide a simple and label-free method for monitoring molecular interactions on lipid membrane surfaces. By adjusting the lipid membrane composition and hence the pair interaction potential between the membrane-supporting silica beads, we poise our system near a phase transition so that small perturbations on the membrane surface induce dramatic changes in the macroscopic organization of the colloid. We expect that this approach, used here to probe with high sensitivity protein binding events at membrane surfaces, can be applied to study a broad range of cell membrane processes. JF - Nature AU - Baksh, Michael M AU - Jaros, Michal AU - Groves, Jay T AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004/01/08/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jan 08 SP - 139 EP - 141 VL - 427 IS - 6970 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Colloids KW - Gangliosides KW - Ligands KW - Lipid Bilayers KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Tetanus Toxin KW - G(M1) Ganglioside KW - 37758-47-7 KW - trisialoganglioside GT1 KW - 59247-13-1 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Cholera Toxin KW - 9012-63-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Colloids -- chemistry KW - Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein Binding KW - Microspheres KW - Antibodies -- metabolism KW - Tetanus Toxin -- metabolism KW - Diffusion KW - G(M1) Ganglioside -- metabolism KW - Membrane Fluidity KW - Cholera Toxin -- metabolism KW - Gangliosides -- metabolism KW - Lipid Bilayers -- chemistry KW - Lipid Bilayers -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80085779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Detection+of+molecular+interactions+at+membrane+surfaces+through+colloid+phase+transitions.&rft.au=Baksh%2C+Michael+M%3BJaros%2C+Michal%3BGroves%2C+Jay+T&rft.aulast=Baksh&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-01-08&rft.volume=427&rft.issue=6970&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-16 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Nature. 2004 Jan 8;427(6970):105-6 [14712256] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal Structures of the Rhodococcus Proteasome with and without its Pro-peptides: Implications for the Role of the Pro-peptide in Proteasome Assembly AN - 17518550; 5848946 AB - To understand the role of the pro-peptide in proteasome assembly, we have determined structures of the Rhodococcus proteasome and a mutant form that prevents the autocatalytic removal of its pro-peptides. The structures reveal that the pro-peptide acts as an assembly-promoting factor by linking its own beta -subunit to two adjacent alpha -subunits, thereby providing a molecular explanation for the observed kinetics of proteasome assembly. The Rhodococcus proteasome has been found to have a substantially smaller contact region between alpha -subunits compared to those regions in the proteasomes of Thermoplasma, yeast, and mammalian cells, suggesting that a smaller contact area between alpha -subunits is likely the structural basis for the Rhodococcus alpha -subunits not assembling into alpha -rings when expressed alone. Analysis of all available beta -subunit structures shows that the contact area between beta -subunits within a beta -ring is not sufficient for beta -ring self-assembly without the additional contact provided by the alpha -ring. This appears to be a fail-safe mechanism ensuring that the active sites on the beta -subunits are activated only after proteasome assembly is complete. JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Kwon, Y D AU - Nagy, I AU - Adams, P D AU - Baumeister, W AU - Jap, B K AD - Graduate Group in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, bkjap@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01/02/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jan 02 SP - 233 EP - 245 PB - Elsevier Ltd VL - 335 IS - 1 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Molecular structure KW - Biodegradation KW - Bioremediation KW - Assembly KW - Rhodococcus KW - Chemical reactions KW - Crystal structure KW - Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex KW - Active sites KW - Chemical analysis KW - Actinomycetes KW - Biotechnology KW - Q1 08206:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - J 02728:Enzymes KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - Q1 08625:Non-edible products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17518550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Crystal+Structures+of+the+Rhodococcus+Proteasome+with+and+without+its+Pro-peptides%3A+Implications+for+the+Role+of+the+Pro-peptide+in+Proteasome+Assembly&rft.au=Kwon%2C+Y+D%3BNagy%2C+I%3BAdams%2C+P+D%3BBaumeister%2C+W%3BJap%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Kwon&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2004-01-02&rft.volume=335&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2003.08.029 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molecular structure; Bioremediation; Biodegradation; Chemical reactions; Chemical analysis; Biotechnology; Crystal structure; Assembly; Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex; Active sites; Rhodococcus; Actinomycetes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2003.08.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estrogen- and tamoxifen-associated effects on brain structure and function. AN - 80112619; 14741674 AB - We evaluated the effects of estrogen and tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, on positron emission tomography (PET) measures of brain glucose metabolism and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of hippocampal atrophy. Three groups of postmenopausal women were studied, women taking estrogen (ERT+), women with breast cancer taking tamoxifen (TAM), and women not taking estrogen or tamoxifen (ERT-). All subjects received a PET scan, an MRI scan, and cognitive testing. The TAM group showed widespread areas of hypometabolism in the inferior and dorsal lateral frontal lobes relative to the other two groups. The ERT- group showed lower metabolism in the inferior frontal cortex and temporal cortex with respect to the ERT+ group. The TAM group also showed significantly lower semantic memory scores than the other two groups. Finally, the TAM group had smaller right hippocampal volumes than the ERT+ group, an effect that was of borderline significance. Both right and left hippocampal volumes were significantly smaller than the ERT+ group when a single outlier was removed. The ERT- group had hippocampal volumes that were intermediate to the other two groups. These findings provide physiological and anatomical evidence for neuroprotective effects of estrogen. JF - NeuroImage AU - Eberling, Jamie L AU - Wu, Christine AU - Tong-Turnbeaugh, Regina AU - Jagust, William J AD - Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. jleberling@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 364 EP - 371 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1053-8119, 1053-8119 KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal KW - 0 KW - Blood Glucose KW - Tamoxifen KW - 094ZI81Y45 KW - Index Medicus KW - Discrimination Learning -- drug effects KW - Blood Glucose -- metabolism KW - Frontal Lobe -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Verbal Learning -- drug effects KW - Aged KW - Memory, Short-Term -- drug effects KW - Temporal Lobe -- pathology KW - Pattern Recognition, Visual -- drug effects KW - Temporal Lobe -- drug effects KW - Frontal Lobe -- pathology KW - Energy Metabolism -- drug effects KW - Atrophy KW - Middle Aged KW - Attention -- drug effects KW - Neuropsychological Tests KW - Female KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging KW - Estrogen Replacement Therapy KW - Breast Neoplasms -- drug therapy KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Tamoxifen -- therapeutic use KW - Cerebral Cortex -- pathology KW - Tamoxifen -- adverse effects KW - Tomography, Emission-Computed KW - Hippocampus -- pathology KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal -- therapeutic use KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal -- adverse effects KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80112619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NeuroImage&rft.atitle=Estrogen-+and+tamoxifen-associated+effects+on+brain+structure+and+function.&rft.au=Eberling%2C+Jamie+L%3BWu%2C+Christine%3BTong-Turnbeaugh%2C+Regina%3BJagust%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Eberling&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=364&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NeuroImage&rft.issn=10538119&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-26 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air concentrations of VOCs in portable and traditional classrooms: results of a pilot study in Los Angeles County. AN - 80106393; 14726944 AB - Recent state and federal public school class-size reduction initiatives, increased elementary and pre-K enrollment driven by population growth and immigration, and limited resources for capital projects, modernization, and maintenance at aging schools have increased the prevalence of prefabricated, portable classrooms (portables). At present, approximately one of three California students are taught in portables, whose use is especially prevalent in more populated counties such as Los Angeles, home to the nation's second largest school district. Limited data existed on chemical compound air concentrations, and thus exposures, inside American public schools. Measurements have been limited, usually performed in complaint schools, and varied in sampling protocols and analysis methods. To address a school environment and children's health issue of present concern, an assessment of public school portables was conducted in Los Angeles County. Seven schools in two school districts were recruited, from which 20 classrooms--13 portables, seven in main buildings--were randomly selected. We report indoor air concentrations of 21 target toxic and odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, measured with passive samplers (DNSH PAKS and 3M OVM 3500) in the cooling and heating seasons between June 2000 and June 2001. None of the measured indoor air formaldehyde concentrations exceeded the existing California Air Resources Board guideline (50 ppb, or 60 microg/m(3)). The main sources of aldehydes in classrooms, especially portables, were likely interior finish materials and furnishings made of particleboard without lamination. Indoor air VOC concentrations were generally low in this pilot study. The four most prevalent VOCs measured were toluene, m-/p-xylene, alpha-pinene, and delta-limonene; likely indoor sources were personal, teaching, and cleaning products. Future schools research should attempt larger samples over larger geographical areas. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Shendell, Derek G AU - Winer, Arthur M AU - Stock, Thomas H AU - Zhang, Lin AU - Zhang, Junfeng Jim AU - Maberti, Silvia AU - Colome, Steven D AD - Environmental Sciences and Engineering Program, UCLA School of Public Health, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA. dgshendell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 44 EP - 59 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Formaldehyde KW - 1HG84L3525 KW - Acetaldehyde KW - GO1N1ZPR3B KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Temperature KW - Volatilization KW - Air Conditioning KW - Pilot Projects KW - Acetaldehyde -- analysis KW - Formaldehyde -- analysis KW - Los Angeles KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Schools KW - Organic Chemicals -- chemistry KW - Ventilation KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80106393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Air+concentrations+of+VOCs+in+portable+and+traditional+classrooms%3A+results+of+a+pilot+study+in+Los+Angeles+County.&rft.au=Shendell%2C+Derek+G%3BWiner%2C+Arthur+M%3BStock%2C+Thomas+H%3BZhang%2C+Lin%3BZhang%2C+Junfeng+Jim%3BMaberti%2C+Silvia%3BColome%2C+Steven+D&rft.aulast=Shendell&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contribution of locally grown foods in cumulative exposure assessments. AN - 80100202; 14726945 AB - Both laboratory and field studies confirm the importance of vegetation for scavenging semivolatile organic chemicals (SVOCs) from the atmosphere and a number of exposure studies have found that the dietary pathway is often a significant contributor to cumulative exposure for these chemicals. However, little information exists on the atmospheric source-to-dietary intake linkage for SVOCs. Because of higher SVOC emissions to urban regions, this linkage is particularly important for foods that are grown, distributed and consumed in or near urban regions. The food pathway can also contribute to dietary exposure for populations that are remote from a pollutant source if the pollutants can migrate to agricultural regions and subsequently to the agricultural commodities distributed to that population. We use available data, the characteristic travel distance, and the CalTOX multimedia model framework to assess the contribution of local sources of food to cumulative SVOC intake. Based on published concentration data for foods, our exposure calculations indicate that the potential intake through ingestion can be up to 1000 times that of inhalation for certain persistent SVOCs. We use the population-based intake fraction (iF) to determine how SVOC intake can vary among food commodities and exposure pathways, and to determine the contribution of airborne emitted SVOCs to the diet in the Northern Hemisphere. We focus on three representative multimedia SVOCs-benzo(a)pyrene, fluoranthene, and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. The approach presented here provides a useful framework and starting point for source-to-intake assessments for the ambient air-to-dietary exposure pathway. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Lobscheid, Agnes B AU - Maddalena, Randy L AU - McKone, Thomas E AD - Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA. ablobscheid@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 60 EP - 73 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Humans KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Volatilization KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Organic Chemicals -- metabolism KW - Organic Chemicals -- administration & dosage KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Plants, Edible -- chemistry KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- administration & dosage KW - Plants, Edible -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80100202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Contribution+of+locally+grown+foods+in+cumulative+exposure+assessments.&rft.au=Lobscheid%2C+Agnes+B%3BMaddalena%2C+Randy+L%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E&rft.aulast=Lobscheid&rft.aufirst=Agnes&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-21 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2004 Sep;14(5):424-6 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding seismic stimulation using lab, theory, and field studies AN - 762676342; 2010-091504 JF - Abstracts - AAPG Meeting, Pacific Section, SEPM & SEG AU - Majer, E L AU - Daley, T M AU - Lo, W C AU - Roberts, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Pacific Section and Society for Sedimentary Geology and Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 2004 KW - United States KW - technology KW - well stimulation KW - geophysical methods KW - enhanced recovery KW - elastic waves KW - seismic sources KW - production KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - California KW - oil wells KW - Kern County California KW - economics KW - seismic waves KW - Lost Hills Field KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762676342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Meeting%2C+Pacific+Section%2C+SEPM+%26+SEG&rft.atitle=Understanding+seismic+stimulation+using+lab%2C+theory%2C+and+field+studies&rft.au=Majer%2C+E+L%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BLo%2C+W+C%3BRoberts%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Majer&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=2004&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Meeting%2C+Pacific+Section%2C+SEPM+%26+SEG&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/documents/abstracts/2004pacific/majer.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Pacific Section AAPG, SEPM, & SEG N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on July 11, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06712 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; economics; elastic waves; enhanced recovery; geophysical methods; Kern County California; Lost Hills Field; oil and gas fields; oil wells; production; seismic methods; seismic sources; seismic waves; technology; United States; well stimulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural insights by molecular dynamics simulations into specificity of the major human AP endonuclease toward the benzene-derived DNA adduct, pBQ-C. AN - 71958045; 15155853 AB - The benzetheno exocyclic adduct of the cytosine (C) base (pBQ-C) is a product of reaction between DNA and a stable metabolite of the human carcinogen benzene, p-benzoquinone (pBQ). We reported previously that the pBQ-C-containing duplex is a substrate for the human AP endonuclease (APE1), an enzyme that cleaves an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site from double stranded DNA. In this work, using molecular dynamics simulation (MD), we provided a structural explanation for the recognition of the pBQ-C adduct by APE1. Molecular modeling of the DNA duplex containing pBQ-C revealed significant displacement of this adduct toward the major groove with pronounced kinking of the DNA at the lesion site, which could serve as a structural element recognized by the APE1 enzyme. Using 3 ns MD it was shown that the position of the pBQ-C adduct is stabilized by two hydrogen bonds formed between the adduct and the active site amino acids Asp 189 and Ala 175. The pBQ-C/APE1 complex, generated by MD, has a similar hydrogen bond network between target phosphodiester bond at the pBQ-C site and key amino acids at the active site, as in the crystallographically determined APE1 complexed with an AP site-containing DNA duplex. The position of the adduct at the enzyme active site, together with the hydrogen bond network, suggests a similar reaction mechanism for phosphodiester bond cleavage of oligonucleotide containing pBQ-C as reported for the AP site. JF - Nucleic acids research AU - Guliaev, Anton B AU - Hang, Bo AU - Singer, B AD - Donner Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 2844 EP - 2852 VL - 32 IS - 9 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - pBQ-dC adduct KW - APEX1 protein, human KW - EC 4.2.99.18 KW - DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Nucleic Acid Conformation KW - Binding Sites KW - DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase -- metabolism KW - Models, Molecular KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71958045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.atitle=Structural+insights+by+molecular+dynamics+simulations+into+specificity+of+the+major+human+AP+endonuclease+toward+the+benzene-derived+DNA+adduct%2C+pBQ-C.&rft.au=Guliaev%2C+Anton+B%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BSinger%2C+B&rft.aulast=Guliaev&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2844&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.issn=1362-4962&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-07-16 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Br J Cancer Suppl. 1996 Jul;27:S145-50 [8763868] J Appl Toxicol. 1990 Feb;10(1):47-54 [2335711] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 26;93(24):13737-41 [8943004] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Dec;104 Suppl 6:1129-36 [9118882] J Biol Chem. 1997 Jan 10;272(2):1302-7 [8995436] Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Jun 15;25(12):2495-500 [9171104] Biochemistry. 1997 Dec 9;36(49):15411-8 [9398271] EMBO J. 1997 Nov 3;16(21):6548-58 [9351835] Cancer Res. 1998 Jan 15;58(2):222-5 [9443396] Chem Res Toxicol. 1998 Apr;11(4):329-34 [9548803] Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Jun 1;26(11):2771-8 [9592167] Carcinogenesis. 1998 Aug;19(8):1339-43 [9744526] Nature. 2000 Jan 27;403(6768):451-6 [10667800] J Mol Biol. 2000 Feb 25;296(3):851-61 [10677286] Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2000 Apr;10(2):182-96 [10753816] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jul 1;28(13):2613-26 [10871413] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jun 1;28(11):2207-13 [10871340] Carcinogenesis. 2000 Sep;21(9):1727-36 [10964105] Mutat Res. 2000 Oct 16;461(2):83-108 [11018583] Acc Chem Res. 2000 Dec;33(12):889-97 [11123888] J Mol Biol. 2001 Apr 6;307(4):1023-34 [11286553] Mutat Res. 2001 May 10;485(4):283-307 [11585362] Biopolymers. 2000-2001;56(4):232-56 [11754338] Biochemistry. 2002 Feb 19;41(7):2158-65 [11841206] Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Sep 1;30(17):3778-87 [12202763] Biopolymers. 2003 Jan;68(1):3-15 [12579576] Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Nov 1;31(21):6344-53 [14576322] J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Dec 17;125(50):15671-82 [14664617] Nucleic Acids Res. 2004;32(1):73-81 [14704345] Biochemistry. 1972 Sep 12;11(19):3610-8 [4626532] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Sep;11(9):1469-72 [2205405] Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Oct 25;19(20):5519-23 [1719477] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Dec 15;88(24):11450-4 [1722334] Chem Res Toxicol. 1991 Mar-Apr;4(2):199-202 [1782348] Nucleic Acids Res. 1992 May 25;20(10):2573-80 [1375993] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Jul 15;1131(3):287-99 [1627644] EMBO J. 1992 Sep;11(9):3323-35 [1380454] Nature. 1993 Apr 22;362(6422):709-15 [8469282] Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Sep;13(9):5370-6 [8355688] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 4;91(1):23-7 [7506414] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):410-2 [8119250] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Mar;102(3):276-81 [8033866] Annu Rev Biochem. 1994;63:915-48 [7979257] Nucleic Acids Res. 1995 May 11;23(9):1544-50 [7784208] Mutat Res. 1995 Jun;347(1):37-43 [7596366] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jun 20;92(13):5890-4 [7597048] J Biol Chem. 1995 Jul 7;270(27):16002-7 [7608159] Nat Struct Biol. 1995 Jul;2(7):561-8 [7664124] Biochemistry. 1973 Dec 4;12(25):5151-4 [4600811] J Toxicol Environ Health Suppl. 1977;2:69-105 [342717] J Biol Chem. 1981 Apr 10;256(7):3405-14 [6259165] Adv Exp Med Biol. 1986;197:825-32 [3766294] Annu Rev Genet. 1986;20:201-30 [3545059] Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1989 Jun;8(1):1-22 [2667783] J Mol Graph. 1996 Feb;14(1):33-8, 27-8 [8744570] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling transport and deposition of contaminants to ecosystems of concern: a case study for the Laurentian Great Lakes. AN - 71554614; 14667731 AB - Transfer efficiency (TE) is introduced as a model output that can be used to characterize the relative ability of chemicals to be transported in the environment and deposited to specific target ecosystems. We illustrate this concept by applying the Berkeley-Trent North American contaminant fate model (BETR North America) to identify organic chemicals with properties that result in efficient atmospheric transport and deposition to the Laurentian Great Lakes. By systematically applying the model to hypothetical organic chemicals that span a wide range of environmental partitioning properties, we identify combinations of properties that favor efficient transport and deposition to the Lakes. Five classes of chemicals are identified based on dominant transport and deposition pathways, and specific examples of chemicals in each class are identified and discussed. The role of vegetation in scavenging chemicals from the atmosphere is assessed, and found to have a negligible influence on transfer efficiency to the Great Lakes. Results indicate chemicals with octanol-water (K(ow)) and air-water (K(aw)) partition coefficients in the range of 10(5)-10(7) and 10(-4)-10(-1) combine efficient transport and deposition to the Great Lakes with potential for biaccumulation in the aquatic food web once they are deposited. A method of estimating the time scale for atmospheric transport and deposition process is suggested, and the effects of degrading reactions in the atmosphere and meteorological conditions on transport efficiency of different classes of chemicals are discussed. In total, this approach provides a method of identifying chemicals that are subject to long-range transport and deposition to specific target ecosystems as a result of their partitioning and persistence characteristics. Supported by an appropriate contaminant fate model, the approach can be applied to any target ecosystem of concern. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - MacLeod, Matthew AU - Mackay, Don AD - Department of Environment and Resource Science, Trent University, 1600 Westbank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9L 1Z7. mjmacleod@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 241 EP - 250 VL - 128 IS - 1-2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Plants -- metabolism KW - Food Chain KW - Great Lakes Region KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Ecosystem KW - Fresh Water KW - Water Pollution, Chemical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71554614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+transport+and+deposition+of+contaminants+to+ecosystems+of+concern%3A+a+case+study+for+the+Laurentian+Great+Lakes.&rft.au=MacLeod%2C+Matthew%3BMackay%2C+Don&rft.aulast=MacLeod&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-06-10 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of the Martian radiation environment experiment. AN - 67271736; 15791732 AB - Space radiation presents a hazard to astronauts, particularly those journeying outside the protective influence of the geomagnetosphere. Crews on future missions to Mars will be exposed to the harsh radiation environment of deep space during the transit between Earth and Mars. Once on Mars, they will encounter radiation that is only slightly reduced, compared to free space, by the thin Martian atmosphere. NASA is obliged to minimize, where possible, the radiation exposures received by astronauts. Thus, as a precursor to eventual human exploration, it is necessary to measure the Martian radiation environment in detail. The MARIE experiment, aboard the 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft, is returning the first data that bear directly on this problem. Here we provide an overview of the experiment, including introductory material on space radiation and radiation dosimetry, a description of the detector, model predictions of the radiation environment at Mars, and preliminary dose-rate data obtained at Mars. JF - Advances in space research : the official journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) AU - Zeitlin, C AU - Cleghorn, T AU - Cucinotta, F AU - Saganti, P AU - Andersen, V AU - Lee, K AU - Pinsky, L AU - Atwell, W AU - Turner, R AU - Badhwar, G AD - National Space Biomedical Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. cjzeitlin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 2204 EP - 2210 VL - 33 IS - 12 SN - 0273-1177, 0273-1177 KW - Protons KW - 0 KW - Space life sciences KW - NASA Discipline Radiation Health KW - unmanned KW - Mars Odyssey Project KW - Flight Experiment KW - NASA Program Biomedical Research and Countermeasures KW - NASA Center JSC KW - long duration KW - Non-NASA Center KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Astronauts KW - Spacecraft -- instrumentation KW - Humans KW - Earth (Planet) KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Risk Assessment KW - Radiation Monitoring -- methods KW - Space Flight -- instrumentation KW - Solar Activity KW - Cosmic Radiation KW - Mars KW - Radiation Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67271736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+space+research+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Committee+on+Space+Research+%28COSPAR%29&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+Martian+radiation+environment+experiment.&rft.au=Zeitlin%2C+C%3BCleghorn%2C+T%3BCucinotta%2C+F%3BSaganti%2C+P%3BAndersen%2C+V%3BLee%2C+K%3BPinsky%2C+L%3BAtwell%2C+W%3BTurner%2C+R%3BBadhwar%2C+G&rft.aulast=Zeitlin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+space+research+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+Committee+on+Space+Research+%28COSPAR%29&rft.issn=02731177&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-05 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of predicted and derived measures of volatile organic compounds inside four new relocatable classrooms. AN - 67233223; 15663469 AB - UNLABELLEDOur objective was to develop a process for selecting interior finish materials having low impacts with respect to emissions of toxic and odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for school relocatable classrooms (RCs). A laboratory study identified alternate materials with low VOC emissions. Two pairs of RCs then were constructed. One RC per pair contained standard interior materials; the other incorporated alternate materials. The pairs were sited side-by-side at two California elementary schools in fall 2001. Fifteen target VOCs, including the toxicants formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, vinyl acetate, phenol, toluene, and naphthalene, were measured during school hours over 8 weeks in the succeeding fall cooling season. Indoor minus outdoor VOC concentrations with an advanced HVAC operated were low; only formaldehyde concentrations exceeded 5 p.p.b. Classroom VOC concentrations were predicted based on emission factors (microg/m(2)/h), material quantities and design ventilation rates. These were compared to average adjusted concentrations measured when the occupied classrooms were operating at near the code-minimum ventilation rate. For 16 of the possible 42 comparisons, measured concentrations agreed within a factor of two of predicted the predicted values. Concentrations of six of 10 VOCs were significantly lower in modified RCs though average differences were mostly less than 1 p.p.b.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONSLaboratory-based material testing combined with modeling and field validation to select low VOC-impact interior finish materials helped achieve the aim of providing generally acceptable air quality in new school relocatable classrooms (RCs). The accuracy of the combined process was evidenced by the correct prediction of air quality impacts, though small, due to material VOC emissions when the study RCs were ventilated at code-minimum requirements. The process could be generalized to other manufacturers and classroom types. Material selection also is important to accommodate reduced ventilation rate conditions, which likely occur in many classrooms. JF - Indoor air AU - Hodgson, A T AU - Shendell, D G AU - Fisk, W J AU - Apte, M G AD - Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. athodgson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 135 EP - 144 VL - 14 Suppl 8 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Forecasting KW - Child KW - Materials Testing KW - Odorants KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Schools KW - Construction Materials KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67233223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+predicted+and+derived+measures+of+volatile+organic+compounds+inside+four+new+relocatable+classrooms.&rft.au=Hodgson%2C+A+T%3BShendell%2C+D+G%3BFisk%2C+W+J%3BApte%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Hodgson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=14+Suppl+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ventilation efficiencies and thermal comfort results of a desk-edge-mounted task ventilation system. AN - 67225796; 15663464 AB - UNLABELLEDIn chamber experiments, we investigated the ventilation effectiveness and thermal comfort of a task ventilation system with an air supply nozzle located underneath the front edge of a desk and directing air towards a heated mannequin or a human volunteer seated at the desk. The task ventilation system provided outside air, while another ventilation system provided additional space cooling but no outside air. Test variables included the vertical angle of air supply (-15 degrees to 45 degrees from horizontal), and the supply flow rate of (3.5-6.5 l/s). Using the tracer gas step-up and step-down procedures, the measured air change effectiveness (i.e., exhaust air age divided by age of air in the breathing zone) in experiments with the mannequin ranged from 1.4 to 2.7 (median, 1.8), whereas with human subjects the air change effectiveness ranged from 1.3 to 2.3 (median, 1.6). The majority of the air change effectiveness values with the human subjects were less than values with the mannequin using comparable tests. Similarly, the tests run with supply air temperature equal to the room air temperature had lower air change effectiveness values than comparable tests with the supply air temperature lower ( approximately 5 degrees C) than the room air temperature. The air change effectiveness values are higher than typically reported for commercially-available task ventilation or displacement ventilation systems. Based on surveys completed by the subjects, operation of the task ventilation system did not cause thermal discomfort.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONSWith a desk-edge-mounted task ventilation system it is possible to obtain an increase in the effective ventilation rate of 50%. This could lead to reduced energy use. Also, this improvement can be gained while maintaining thermal comfort for occupants. Thus occupants can be thermally comfortable and save energy at the same time. JF - Indoor air AU - Faulkner, D AU - Fisk, W J AU - Sullivan, D P AU - Lee, S M AD - Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. D_Faulkner@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 92 EP - 97 VL - 14 Suppl 8 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Temperature KW - Data Collection KW - Conservation of Energy Resources KW - Quality Control KW - Air Movements KW - Ventilation KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/67225796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Ventilation+efficiencies+and+thermal+comfort+results+of+a+desk-edge-mounted+task+ventilation+system.&rft.au=Faulkner%2C+D%3BFisk%2C+W+J%3BSullivan%2C+D+P%3BLee%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Faulkner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=14+Suppl+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-24 N1 - Date created - 2005-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magmatic intrusion west of Three Sisters, central Oregon, USA; the perspective from spring geochemistry AN - 51892015; 2004-014678 AB - A geochemical investigation of springs near Three Sisters volcanoes was conducted in response to the detection of crustal uplift west of the peaks. Dilute, low-temperature springs near the center of uplift show (super 3) He/ (super 4) He ratios > or =7R (sub A) (R (sub A) is the ratio in air), and transport in total approximately 16 MW of heat and approximately 180 g/s of magmatic carbon (as CO (sub 2) ). These anomalous conditions clearly reflect the influence of magma, but they seemingly predate the onset of the present uplift and derive from a previous event. Episodes of intrusion may thus be more common in this area than the age of eruptive vents would imply. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Evans, William C AU - van Soest, Matthijs C AU - Mariner, Robert H AU - Hurwitz, Shaul AU - Ingebritsen, Steven E AU - Wicks, Charles W, Jr AU - Schmidt, Mariek E Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 69 EP - 72 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - United States KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - geochemical indicators KW - Oregon KW - magma transport KW - Lane County Oregon KW - volcanism KW - noble gases KW - carbon KW - springs KW - helium KW - geochemistry KW - sulfate ion KW - isotope ratios KW - magmatism KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Three Sisters KW - hydrochemistry KW - Cascade Range KW - intrusions KW - volcanic risk KW - Deschutes County Oregon KW - volcanoes KW - theoretical models KW - periodicity KW - He-4/He-3 KW - field studies KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51892015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Magmatic+intrusion+west+of+Three+Sisters%2C+central+Oregon%2C+USA%3B+the+perspective+from+spring+geochemistry&rft.au=Evans%2C+William+C%3Bvan+Soest%2C+Matthijs+C%3BMariner%2C+Robert+H%3BHurwitz%2C+Shaul%3BIngebritsen%2C+Steven+E%3BWicks%2C+Charles+W%2C+Jr%3BSchmidt%2C+Mariek+E&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG19974.1 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - With GSA Data Repository Item 2003011 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; carbon; Cascade Range; Deschutes County Oregon; field studies; geochemical indicators; geochemistry; geologic hazards; ground water; He-4/He-3; helium; hydrochemistry; intrusions; isotope ratios; isotopes; Lane County Oregon; magma transport; magmatism; noble gases; Oregon; periodicity; springs; stable isotopes; sulfate ion; theoretical models; Three Sisters; United States; volcanic risk; volcanism; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G19974.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Halite-sylvite thermoelasticity AN - 51870598; 2004-026495 AB - Unit-cell volumes of four single-phase intermediate halite-sylvite solid solutions have been measured to pressures and temperatures of approximately 28 kbar and approximately 700 degrees C. Equation-of-state fitting of the data yields thermal expansion and compressibility as a function of composition across the chloride series. The variation of the product alpha (sub 0) .K (sub 0) is linear (ideal) in composition between the accepted values for halite and sylvite. Taken separately, the individual values of alpha (sub 0) and K (sub 0) are not linear in composition. alpha (sub 0) shows a maximum near the consolute composition (X (sub NaCl) = 0.64) that exceeds the value for either end-member. There is a corresponding minimum in K (sub 0) . The fact that the alpha (sub 0) .K (sub 0) product is variable (and incidentally so well behaved as to be linear across the composition series) reinforces the significance of the complementary maxima and minima in alpha (sub 0) and K (sub 0) (significantly, near the consolute composition). These extrema in alpha (sub 0) and K (sub 0) provide an example of intermediate properties that do not follow simply from values for the end-members. Cell volumes across this series show small, well-behaved positive excesses, consistent with K-Na substitution causing defects through lattice mismatches. Barrett and Wallace (1954) showed maximum defect concentrations in the consolute region. Defect-riddled, weakened structures in the consolute region are more easily compressed or more easily thermally expanded, providing an explanation for our observed alpha (sub 0) and K (sub 0) variations. These compliant, loosened lattices should resist diffusive transfer less than non-defective crystals and, hence, might be expected to show higher diffusivities. Tracer diffusion rates are predicted to peak across the consolute region as exchange diffusion rates drop to zero. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Walker, David AU - Verma, Pramod K AU - Cranswick, M D AU - Jones, Raymond L AU - Clark, Simon M AU - Buhre, Stephan Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 204 EP - 210 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 89 IS - 1 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - halides KW - sylvite KW - physical properties KW - thermoelastic properties KW - chlorides KW - solid solution KW - halite KW - P-T conditions KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51870598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Halite-sylvite+thermoelasticity&rft.au=Walker%2C+David%3BVerma%2C+Pramod+K%3BCranswick%2C+M+D%3BJones%2C+Raymond+L%3BClark%2C+Simon+M%3BBuhre%2C+Stephan&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorides; halides; halite; P-T conditions; physical properties; solid solution; sylvite; thermoelastic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of perched water and chloride data in modeling flow processes within the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51815098; 2004-063720 AB - This paper presents a modeling study incorporating field-measured perched water and chloride data into a three-dimensional (3-D) large-scale unsaturated zone (UZ) model of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a potential underground nuclear waste repository site. This study integrates field measured perched water and pore-water chloride data into a single 3-D flow and transport model through model calibration. Using these field data in model calibration is intended to improve the model's capability to evaluate current conditions and predict future conditions of the unsaturated zone, so as to aid in the performance assessment of the proposed repository system. The calibration results show that the large-scale UZ flow and transport model may be able to predict both moisture and chloride geochemical conditions at the site. JF - Journal of Hydraulic Research = Journal de Recherches Hydrauliques AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Liu, Jianchun A2 - Valocchi, Albert J. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 115 EP - 120 PB - International Association for Hydraulic Research, Delft VL - 42 IS - Extra issue SN - 0022-1686, 0022-1686 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - hydrology KW - chlorine KW - three-dimensional models KW - halogens KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - Nye County Nevada KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - perched aquifers KW - chloride ion KW - infiltration KW - percolation KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51815098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.atitle=Integration+of+perched+water+and+chloride+data+in+modeling+flow+processes+within+the+unsaturated+zone+of+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BLiu%2C+Jianchun&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=Extra+issue&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.issn=00221686&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/TJHR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - IAHR international groundwater symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IHSBAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chloride ion; chlorine; computer programs; data processing; geochemistry; ground water; halogens; hydrochemistry; hydrology; infiltration; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; perched aquifers; percolation; three-dimensional models; TOUGH2; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic attenuation due to wave-induced flow AN - 51744232; 2005-017410 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Pride, S R AU - Berryman, J G AU - Harris, J M Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 19 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - B1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - elasticity KW - numerical models KW - microcracks KW - poroelasticity KW - elastic waves KW - elastic constants KW - porosity KW - attenuation KW - theoretical studies KW - physical properties KW - sedimentary rocks KW - cracks KW - Q KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51744232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Seismic+attenuation+due+to+wave-induced+flow&rft.au=Pride%2C+S+R%3BBerryman%2C+J+G%3BHarris%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Pride&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=B1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JB002639 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; body waves; cracks; elastic constants; elastic waves; elasticity; microcracks; numerical models; P-waves; physical properties; poroelasticity; porosity; propagation; Q; sedimentary rocks; seismic waves; theoretical studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JB002639 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crosswell seismic imaging in a contaminated basalt aquifer AN - 51738436; 2005-021939 AB - Multiple seismic crosswell surveys have been acquired and analyzed in a fractured basalt aquifer at Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. Most of these surveys used a high-frequency (1000-10,000 Hz) piezoelectric seismic source to obtain P-wave velocity tomograms. The P-wave velocities range from less than 3200 m/s to more than 5000 m/s. Additionally, a new type of borehole seismic source was deployed as part of the subsurface characterization program at this contaminated groundwater site. This source, known as an orbital vibrator, allows simultaneous acquisition of P- and S-waves at frequencies of 100 to 400 Hz, and acquisition over larger distances. The velocity tomograms show a relationship to contaminant transport in the groundwater; zones of high contaminant concentration are coincident with zones of low velocity and high attenuation and are interpreted to be fracture zones at the boundaries between basalt flows. The orbital vibrator data show high Vp/Vs values, from 1.8 to 2.8. In spite of the lower resolution of orbital vibrator data, these data were sufficient for constraining hydrologic models at this site while achieving imaging over large interwell distances. The combination of piezoelectric data for closer well spacing and orbital vibrator data for larger well spacings has provided optimal imaging capability and has been instrumental in our understanding of the site aquifer's hydrologic properties and its scale of heterogeneity. JF - Geophysics AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Peterson, John E Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 16 EP - 24 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - velocity analysis KW - United States KW - tomography KW - Snake River Plain Aquifer KW - fractured materials KW - P-waves KW - geophones KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - data acquisition KW - well-logging KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - seismic logging KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - basalts KW - Vibroseis KW - water pollution KW - Idaho KW - body waves KW - gamma-ray methods KW - pollutants KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - INEEL KW - fracture zones KW - boreholes KW - seismic waves KW - piezoelectric source KW - hydrophones KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51738436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Crosswell+seismic+imaging+in+a+contaminated+basalt+aquifer&rft.au=Daley%2C+Thomas+M%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BPeterson%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1649371 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; attenuation; basalts; body waves; boreholes; crosshole methods; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; fracture zones; fractured materials; gamma-ray methods; geophones; geophysical methods; government agencies; ground water; hydrophones; Idaho; igneous rocks; INEEL; P-waves; piezoelectric source; pollutants; pollution; seismic logging; seismic waves; Snake River Plain Aquifer; tomography; United States; velocity analysis; Vibroseis; volcanic rocks; water pollution; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1649371 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of geological heterogeneity on CO (sub 2) storage in brine formations; a case study from the Texas Gulf Coast AN - 51667530; 2005-069669 AB - Geological complexities such as variable permeability and structure (folds and faults) exist to a greater or lesser extent in all subsurface environments. In order to identify safe and effective sites in which to inject CO (sub 2) for sequestration, it is necessary to predict the effect of these heterogeneities on the short-and long-term distribution of CO (sub 2) . Sequestration capacity, the volume fraction of the subsurface available for CO (sub 2) storage, can be increased by geological heterogeneity. Numerical models demonstrate that in a homogenous rock volume, CO (sub 2) flowpaths are dominated by buoyancy, bypassing much of the rock volume. Flow through a more heterogeneous rock volume disperses the flow paths, contacting a larger percentage of the rock volume, and thereby increasing sequestration capacity. Sequestration effectiveness, how much CO (sub 2) will be sequestered for how long in how much space, can also be enhanced by heterogeneity. A given volume of CO (sub 2) distributed over a larger rock volume may decrease leakage risk by shortening the continuous column of buoyant gas acting on a capillary seal and inhibiting seal failure. However, where structural heterogeneity predominates over stratigraphic heterogeneity, large columns of CO (sub 2) may accumulate below a sealing layer, increasing the risk of seal failure and leakage. JF - Geological Society Special Publications AU - Hovorka, Susan D AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Benson, Sally M AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Knox, Paul R A2 - Baines, Shelagh J. A2 - Worden, Richard H. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 147 EP - 163 PB - Geological Society of London, London VL - 233 SN - 0305-8719, 0305-8719 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - engineering properties KW - site exploration KW - power plants KW - gas storage KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - mineral composition KW - folds KW - heterogeneity KW - sequestration KW - underground storage KW - Frio Formation KW - Texas KW - Paleogene KW - recovery KW - porosity KW - models KW - computer programs KW - case studies KW - Tertiary KW - brines KW - underground installations KW - permeability KW - Oligocene KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51667530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+geological+heterogeneity+on+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+in+brine+formations%3B+a+case+study+from+the+Texas+Gulf+Coast&rft.au=Hovorka%2C+Susan+D%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BKnox%2C+Paul+R&rft.aulast=Hovorka&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=233&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=1862391637&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geological+Society+Special+Publications&rft.issn=03058719&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, 2 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; carbon dioxide; case studies; Cenozoic; computer programs; engineering properties; folds; Frio Formation; gas storage; heterogeneity; mineral composition; models; Oligocene; Paleogene; permeability; porosity; power plants; recovery; reservoir rocks; sequestration; site exploration; Tertiary; Texas; TOUGH2; underground installations; underground storage; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracer migration experiments in unsaturated fractured tuff AN - 51570128; 2006-057790 AB - Field tracer experiments were conducted at an underground tunnel-the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF)--at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, to investigate the localized preferential flow and transport resulting from multiple episodic liquid-release tests in unsaturated fractured tuff. Liquid was released into an isolated test interval (0.30 m long) within a borehole drilled along ESF. Out of 60 liquid-release tests, 36 contained tracers (mostly food and fluorescent dyes) to help us to elucidate the flow paths in unsaturated tuff. After the tracer-migration test, an array of 12 boreholes was drilled into the test area to collect rock samples. These samples were then analyzed to delineate the extent of tracer migration. Complementary laboratory column transport studies using crushed rock showed that the dye tracers were--at most--very weakly sorbed to the tuff matrix. We found that the tracer-migration test, with a limited release volume of 1.5 L, resulted in a localized distribution of tracers, most likely confined to a 1.0X1.6-m area directly below the test interval (over a vertical experimental length of about 0.65 m). This conclusion was corroborated by detecting dyes that had been introduced during previous liquid-release seepage tests either before or after niche excavation; the spatial distribution of all dyes was near their individual release intervals. Limited lateral spreading of the dyes occurred, even when several non-dye-containing seepage tests were intermittently conducted following dye release. This work also demonstrates the utility of applying multiple tracers (including food and fluorescent dyes) to help delineate transport characteristics in unsaturated fractured rock. JF - Geochemical Journal AU - Hu, Qinhong AU - Trautz, Robert C AU - Wang, Joseph S Y Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 177 EP - 189 PB - Geochemical Society of Japan, Nagoya VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0016-7002, 0016-7002 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - volcanic rocks KW - contaminant plumes KW - igneous rocks KW - dye tracers KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - fluid dynamics KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Exploratory Studies Facility KW - pyroclastics KW - boreholes KW - saturation KW - volume KW - tracers KW - tuff KW - Yucca Mountain KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51570128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemical+Journal&rft.atitle=Tracer+migration+experiments+in+unsaturated+fractured+tuff&rft.au=Hu%2C+Qinhong%3BTrautz%2C+Robert+C%3BWang%2C+Joseph+S+Y&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Qinhong&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemical+Journal&rft.issn=00167002&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.terrapub.co.jp/journals/GJ/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, 5 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJOBE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; contaminant plumes; dye tracers; experimental studies; Exploratory Studies Facility; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; igneous rocks; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; permeability; pollution; pyroclastics; saturation; sorption; tracers; tuff; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; volume; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of environmental biotechnology AN - 51557447; 2006-064142 JF - Soil & Sediment Contamination AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 193 PB - CRC Press for AEHS (Association for the Environmental Health of Soils), Boca Raton, FL VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1549-7887, 1549-7887 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - biochemistry KW - bioaugmentation KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - air pollution KW - environmental management KW - biotechnology KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - bacteria KW - mobility KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51557447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+environmental+biotechnology&rft.au=Hazen%2C+Terry+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hazen&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Sediment+Contamination&rft.issn=15497887&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10588337.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 19th annual international conference on Soils, sediments, and water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; bacteria; bioaugmentation; biochemistry; biodegradation; bioremediation; biotechnology; cost; decontamination; environmental management; ground water; microorganisms; mobility; monitoring; pollution; remediation; soils; techniques; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reservoir-fluid characterization and reservoir modeling of potential gas hydrate resources, Alaska North Slope AN - 51523074; 2006-087182 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy and BP Exploration (Alaska), Inc. cooperatively fund this research, which uses seismic and well data to assess gas hydrate volume, distribution, and resource potential on Alaska's North Slope (ANS). The large magnitude of in-place gas hydrate (44+ TCF) and evaluation of conventional ANS gas creates industry-DOE alignment to assess this potential unconventional resource. Many technical, economical, environmental, and safety issues require resolution before proving gas hydrate production economic feasibility. The gas hydrate-bearing Tertiary Sagavanirktok Formation is characterized by stacked sequences of fluvial, deltaic and nearshore marine sands with interbedded terrestrial and marine shales. Facies changes, intraformational unconformities, and high-angle faults disrupt reservoir continuity and quality. Seismic interpretations and well log correlations reveal sand-rich sequences and parasequences composed of river channel, point bar, mouth bar, and nearshore marine sandstones and shales. Seismic interpretation, normalized log correlation, structural mapping, cross section analyses, facies mapping, and net pay sand mapping help assess reservoir continuity and estimate in-place gas. The reservoir and fluid characterization is input into reservoir models to help define ranges of recovery factors, producible gas, and economic resource potential and to evaluate potential future development scenarios. The Phase 1 study characterizes reservoirs and fluids, leads to recoverable reserve and resource potential estimates, and defines procedures for gas hydrate drilling, data acquisition, completion, and production. Phases 2 and 3 would integrate well, core, log, and production test data, if justified by results from prior phases. The research program could lead to future ANS gas hydrate pilot development. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Hunter, Robert B AU - Casavant, Robert R AU - Johnson, Roy A AU - Poulton, Mary M AU - Moridis, George J AU - Wilson, Scott J AU - Geauner, Scott AU - Manuel, Justin AU - Hagbo, Casey AU - Glass, Charles E AU - Mallon, Kenneth M AU - Patil, Shirish L AU - Dandekar, Abhijit AU - Collett, Timothy S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 68 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK VL - 13 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - resources KW - terrestrial environment KW - geophysical surveys KW - gas hydrates KW - development KW - natural gas KW - characterization KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - mapping KW - production KW - cores KW - reservoir rocks KW - evaluation KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - future KW - Paleocene KW - depositional environment KW - interpretation KW - faults KW - well logs KW - North Slope KW - geophysical methods KW - bars KW - Paleogene KW - nearshore environment KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - lithofacies KW - high-angle faults KW - Tertiary KW - reserves KW - Neogene KW - marine environment KW - Northern Alaska KW - fluvial features KW - surveys KW - Pliocene KW - deltaic environment KW - Alaska KW - unconformities KW - Sagavanirktok Formation KW - point bars KW - fluvial environment KW - clastic rocks KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51523074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Reservoir-fluid+characterization+and+reservoir+modeling+of+potential+gas+hydrate+resources%2C+Alaska+North+Slope&rft.au=Hunter%2C+Robert+B%3BCasavant%2C+Robert+R%3BJohnson%2C+Roy+A%3BPoulton%2C+Mary+M%3BMoridis%2C+George+J%3BWilson%2C+Scott+J%3BGeauner%2C+Scott%3BManuel%2C+Justin%3BHagbo%2C+Casey%3BGlass%2C+Charles+E%3BMallon%2C+Kenneth+M%3BPatil%2C+Shirish+L%3BDandekar%2C+Abhijit%3BCollett%2C+Timothy+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; bars; Cenozoic; characterization; clastic rocks; cores; deltaic environment; depositional environment; development; evaluation; faults; fluvial environment; fluvial features; future; gas hydrates; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; high-angle faults; interpretation; lithofacies; mapping; marine environment; models; natural gas; nearshore environment; Neogene; North Slope; Northern Alaska; Paleocene; Paleogene; petroleum; Pliocene; point bars; production; reserves; reservoir rocks; resources; Sagavanirktok Formation; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; surveys; terrestrial environment; Tertiary; unconformities; United States; well logs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analytical solution for estimating percolation rate by fitting temperature profiles in the vadose zone AN - 51118453; 2006-057690 AB - We present a simple analytical solution for one-dimensional steady heat transfer with convection and conduction through a multilayer system such as a vadose zone. We assume that each layer is homogeneous and has a constant thermal diffusivity. The mass/heat flow direction is perpendicular to the layers, and the mass flow rate is a constant. The analytical solution presented in this study also assumes constant known temperatures at the two boundaries of the system. Although the analytical solution gives the temperature as a function of a few parameters, we focus on the inverse application to estimate the percolation rate in a vadose zone. Example applications have shown that with reliable field observation data, the solution can be used to determine the percolation rate to high degree of accuracy (e.g., to mm/year). In some other cases, the solution may also be helpful in characterizing potential lateral flow along layer divides. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Shan, Chao AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 83 EP - 95 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 68 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - pollutants KW - one-dimensional models KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - porosity KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - recharge KW - transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - heat transfer KW - percolation KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51118453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=An+analytical+solution+for+estimating+percolation+rate+by+fitting+temperature+profiles+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Shan%2C+Chao%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur&rft.aulast=Shan&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2803%2900126-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; heat transfer; hydrodynamics; hydrology; mathematical models; one-dimensional models; percolation; pollutants; pollution; pore water; porosity; recharge; soils; temperature; transport; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(03)00126-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chloride in hot springs of the Cascade volcanic arc; the source puzzle AN - 50873881; 2007-026966 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - van Soest, M C AU - Evans, W C AU - Mariner, R H AU - Schmidt, M E A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 209 EP - 213 PB - International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry and Alberta Research Council, Sub-Group on Water-Rock Interaction, Toronto, ON VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - halides KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - marine sedimentation KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - volcanic features KW - sedimentary rocks KW - geothermal systems KW - water-rock interaction KW - noble gases KW - chlorides KW - springs KW - helium KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - chemical ratios KW - isotope ratios KW - sedimentation KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - aquifers KW - Cascade Range KW - provenance KW - Tertiary KW - island arcs KW - magmas KW - Three Sisters Mountain KW - volcanoes KW - He-4/He-3 KW - hot springs KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50873881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Chloride+in+hot+springs+of+the+Cascade+volcanic+arc%3B+the+source+puzzle&rft.au=van+Soest%2C+M+C%3BEvans%2C+W+C%3BMariner%2C+R+H%3BSchmidt%2C+M+E&rft.aulast=van+Soest&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Cascade Range; Cenozoic; chemical composition; chemical ratios; chlorides; discharge; geochemistry; geothermal systems; ground water; halides; He-4/He-3; helium; hot springs; hydrochemistry; island arcs; isotope ratios; isotopes; magmas; marine sedimentation; noble gases; Oregon; provenance; sedimentary rocks; sedimentation; springs; stable isotopes; Tertiary; thermal waters; Three Sisters Mountain; United States; volcanic features; volcanoes; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The scaling relationship between self-potential and fluid flow on Masaya Volcano, Nicaragua AN - 50870976; 2007-026955 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Lewicki, J L AU - Hilley, G E AU - Connor, C A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 153 EP - 156 PB - International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry and Alberta Research Council, Sub-Group on Water-Rock Interaction, Toronto, ON VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - hydrology KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - fluid phase KW - Nicaragua KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - self-potential methods KW - Masaya KW - movement KW - volcanoes KW - surveys KW - soil gases KW - Central America KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50870976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=The+scaling+relationship+between+self-potential+and+fluid+flow+on+Masaya+Volcano%2C+Nicaragua&rft.au=Lewicki%2C+J+L%3BHilley%2C+G+E%3BConnor%2C+C&rft.aulast=Lewicki&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; Central America; electrical methods; fluid phase; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; hydrology; Masaya; movement; Nicaragua; self-potential methods; soil gases; surveys; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulations of convection in Europa's ice shell; implications for surface features AN - 50290717; 2005-063361 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Showman, Adam P AU - Han, Lijie Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 11 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - F1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - hydrology KW - surface properties KW - icy satellites KW - Europa Satellite KW - uplifts KW - data processing KW - Galilean satellites KW - temperature KW - ice shell KW - terrains KW - viscosity KW - ice KW - heat flow KW - creep KW - planetary interiors KW - digital simulation KW - surface features KW - thickness KW - planetology KW - satellites KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50290717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulations+of+convection+in+Europa%27s+ice+shell%3B+implications+for+surface+features&rft.au=Showman%2C+Adam+P%3BHan%2C+Lijie&rft.aulast=Showman&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=F1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JE002103 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03407 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - creep; data processing; digital simulation; Europa Satellite; Galilean satellites; heat flow; hydrology; ice; ice shell; icy satellites; planetary interiors; planetology; satellites; surface features; surface properties; temperature; terrains; thickness; uplifts; viscosity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JE002103 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating infiltration in unsaturated basalt for the large-scale aquifer pumping and infiltration test at INEEL AN - 50284901; 2004-063719 AB - The Large-Scale Aquifer Pumping and Infiltration Test (LPIT) conducted at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory was modeled using TOUGH2 to simulate the highly transient water infiltration and perched-water conditions in the fractured basalt and sedimentary interbeds existing at the site. The fracture and matrix continua of the basalt were represented using a dual-permeability approach. Six perched-water hydrographs, measured during the infiltration test, were used for calibration with iTOUGH2 to estimate six parameters that controlled unsaturated flow in the fractured basalt and the dense clay sedimentary interbed underlying the basalt flow. These parameters included the interfacial area between the basalt fracture and matrix continua, the basalt fracture continuum permeability, the basalt matrix continuum permeability, the interbed matrix continuum permeability, and the interbed van Genuchten capillary pressure parameters. The intent of the calibration was to obtain large-scale properties of the lithological units affecting the field-scale LPIT test. Finally, we tested the applicability of the dual-permeability conceptual model for representing transient variably saturated flow in fractured basalt. Parameters obtained from the calibration were within the range of hydrogeological parameters measured from cores obtained in the field, substantiating the physical relevance of the calibration effort. JF - Journal of Hydraulic Research = Journal de Recherches Hydrauliques AU - Unger, Andre J A AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Simmons, Ardyth M A2 - Valocchi, Albert J. Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 105 EP - 113 PB - International Association for Hydraulic Research, Delft VL - 42 IS - Extra issue SN - 0022-1686, 0022-1686 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - Idaho KW - volcanic rocks KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - pollutants KW - igneous rocks KW - pumping KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - INEEL KW - computer programs KW - fractures KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - basalts KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50284901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.atitle=Simulating+infiltration+in+unsaturated+basalt+for+the+large-scale+aquifer+pumping+and+infiltration+test+at+INEEL&rft.au=Unger%2C+Andre+J+A%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BSimmons%2C+Ardyth+M&rft.aulast=Unger&rft.aufirst=Andre+J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=Extra+issue&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydraulic+Research+%3D+Journal+de+Recherches+Hydrauliques&rft.issn=00221686&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/TJHR LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - IAHR international groundwater symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IHSBAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basalts; capillary pressure; computer programs; fractures; ground water; Idaho; igneous rocks; INEEL; infiltration; numerical models; permeability; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; pumping; simulation; TOUGH2; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical trajectory calculations for the efficient inversion of transient flow and tracer observations AN - 50280436; 2005-072921 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Vasco, D W AU - Finsterle, Stefan A Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - January 2004 SP - 17 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - TOUGH2 KW - solute transport KW - Alps KW - unsteady flow KW - pumping KW - Europe KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - Switzerland KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - Central Alps KW - Central Europe KW - tracers KW - Bernese Alps KW - hydrodynamics KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - inverse problem KW - models KW - computer programs KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Grimsel Rock Laboratory KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50280436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Numerical+trajectory+calculations+for+the+efficient+inversion+of+transient+flow+and+tracer+observations&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan+A&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002362 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alps; Bernese Alps; Central Alps; Central Europe; computer programs; Europe; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; fractures; Grimsel Rock Laboratory; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; inverse problem; laboratory studies; models; pressure; pumping; simulation; solute transport; Switzerland; TOUGH2; tracers; unsteady flow; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002362 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of plasticity on convection in an ice shell; implications for Europa AN - 50274937; 2007-090770 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Showman, A P AU - Han, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 35 KW - icy satellites KW - numerical models KW - Europa Satellite KW - density KW - plastic deformation KW - Galilean satellites KW - deformation KW - convection KW - temperature KW - models KW - fractures KW - finite element analysis KW - Rayleigh number KW - topography KW - yield strength KW - viscosity KW - rheology KW - ice KW - satellites KW - plasticity KW - ice shells KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50274937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Effects+of+plasticity+on+convection+in+an+ice+shell%3B+implications+for+Europa&rft.au=Showman%2C+A+P%3BHan%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Showman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2004/pdf/1466.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fifth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Apr. 4, 2007 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - convection; deformation; density; Europa Satellite; finite element analysis; fractures; Galilean satellites; ice; ice shells; icy satellites; models; numerical models; plastic deformation; plasticity; Rayleigh number; rheology; satellites; temperature; topography; viscosity; yield strength ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synchrotron X-ray analysis of captured particle residue in aerogel keystones AN - 50272859; 2007-054479 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Butterworth, A L AU - Westphal, A J AU - Snead, C J AU - Tamura, N AU - Bajt, S AU - Graham, G A AU - Bradley, J P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 35 KW - experimental studies KW - fragmentation KW - in situ KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - Stardust Mission KW - spatial data KW - Comet Wild 2 KW - crystal structure KW - feasibility studies KW - cosmic dust KW - comets KW - aerogel KW - chemical composition KW - particles KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50272859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Synchrotron+X-ray+analysis+of+captured+particle+residue+in+aerogel+keystones&rft.au=Butterworth%2C+A+L%3BWestphal%2C+A+J%3BSnead%2C+C+J%3BTamura%2C+N%3BBajt%2C+S%3BGraham%2C+G+A%3BBradley%2C+J+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Butterworth&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2004/pdf/2101.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fifth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 9, 2007 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerogel; chemical composition; Comet Wild 2; comets; cosmic dust; crystal structure; experimental studies; feasibility studies; fragmentation; in situ; particles; spatial data; Stardust Mission; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mid- and far-infrared spectroscopy at the Advanced Light Source AN - 50272117; 2007-054502 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Bajt, S AU - Graham, G A AU - Bradley, J AU - Westphal, A J AU - Butterworth, A L AU - Martin, M C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 EP - unpaginated PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 35 KW - silicates KW - interplanetary dust KW - infrared spectroscopy KW - carbon KW - infrared microspectroscopy KW - Wild 2 Comet KW - oxides KW - organic carbon KW - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy KW - programs KW - high-resolution methods KW - chemical analysis KW - Stardust Mission KW - mass spectroscopy KW - wavelength KW - ion probe KW - organic compounds KW - comets KW - aerogel KW - synchrotrons KW - sulfides KW - spectroscopy KW - particles KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50272117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Mid-+and+far-infrared+spectroscopy+at+the+Advanced+Light+Source&rft.au=Bajt%2C+S%3BGraham%2C+G+A%3BBradley%2C+J%3BWestphal%2C+A+J%3BButterworth%2C+A+L%3BMartin%2C+M+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bajt&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2004/pdf/2127.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fifth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 9, 2007 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerogel; carbon; chemical analysis; comets; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; high-resolution methods; infrared microspectroscopy; infrared spectroscopy; instruments; interplanetary dust; ion probe; mass spectroscopy; organic carbon; organic compounds; oxides; particles; programs; silicates; spectroscopy; Stardust Mission; sulfides; synchrotrons; wavelength; Wild 2 Comet ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated approach to predict coupled processes at a nuclear waste repository AN - 50118672; 2010-003085 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Spycher, N AU - Sonnenthal, E AU - Kneafsey, T AU - Dobson, P A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 995 EP - 998 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - waste disposal sites KW - coupling KW - salinity KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - reactivity KW - mineral composition KW - water-rock interaction KW - silica KW - chemical composition KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Nye County Nevada KW - hydrochemistry KW - porosity KW - clay minerals KW - calcite KW - models KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - dissolution KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - carbonates KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50118672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=An+integrated+approach+to+predict+coupled+processes+at+a+nuclear+waste+repository&rft.au=Spycher%2C+N%3BSonnenthal%2C+E%3BKneafsey%2C+T%3BDobson%2C+P&rft.aulast=Spycher&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=995&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbonates; chemical composition; clay minerals; coupling; dissolution; environmental analysis; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; hazardous waste; hydrochemistry; hydrology; laboratory studies; mineral composition; models; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pH; pollution; porosity; precipitation; prediction; radioactive waste; reactivity; salinity; saturation; sheet silicates; silica; silicates; simulation; solute transport; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water-rock interaction; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the field-scale cation exchange capacity of Hanford sediments AN - 50115799; 2010-003086 JF - Proceedings - International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction AU - Steefel, C I A2 - Wanty, Richard B. A2 - Seal, Robert R., II Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 999 EP - 1002 PB - Taylor & Francis VL - 11 SN - 0258-7610, 0258-7610 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - cation exchange capacity KW - isotopes KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - simulation KW - hydrochemistry KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - water-rock interaction KW - movement KW - sediments KW - mobilization KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - field studies KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50115799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+field-scale+cation+exchange+capacity+of+Hanford+sediments&rft.au=Steefel%2C+C+I&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=999&rft.isbn=9058096416&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+International+Symposium+on+Water-Rock+Interaction&rft.issn=02587610&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international symposium on Water-rock interaction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; cation exchange capacity; chemical composition; contaminant plumes; field studies; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrochemistry; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; mobilization; movement; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reactivity; sediments; simulation; solute transport; United States; Washington; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Three-Dimensional Groundwater Flow and Advective Contaminant Transport at a Heterogeneous Mountainous Site in Support of Remediation AN - 19939243; 6495406 AB - A calibrated groundwater flow model for a contaminated site can provide substantial information for assessing and improving hydraulic measures implemented for remediation. We developed a three-dimensional transient groundwater flow model for a contaminated mountainous site at which interim corrective measures were initiated to limit further spreading of contaminants. This flow model accounts for complex geologic units that vary considerably in thickness, slope, and hydrogeologic properties, as well as large seasonal fluctuations of the groundwater table and flow rates. Other significant factors are local recharge from leaking underground storm drains and recharge from steep uphill areas. The zonation method was employed to account for the clustering of high and low hydraulic conductivities measured in a geologic unit. A composite model was used to represent the bulk effect of thin layers of relatively high hydraulic conductivity found within bedrock of otherwise low conductivity. The inverse simulator iTOUGH2 was used to calibrate the model for the distribution of rock properties. The model was initially calibrated using data collected between 1994 and 1996. To check the validity of the model, it was subsequently applied to predicting groundwater level fluctuation and groundwater flux between 1996 and 1998. Comparison of simulated and measured data demonstrated that the model is capable of predicting the complex flow reasonably well. Advective transport was approximated using pathways of particles originating from source areas of the plumes. The advective transport approximation was in good agreement with the trend of contaminant plumes observed during the same years. The validated model was then refined to focus on a subsection of the large system. The refined model showed that most of the hydraulic measures implemented for remediation are effective. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Javandel, Iraj AU - Jordan, Preston D AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, qlzhou@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 884 EP - 900 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Bioremediation KW - Groundwater Level KW - Mountains KW - Flow Rates KW - Slopes KW - Seasonal variations KW - Recharge KW - composite materials KW - Geologic Units KW - Conductivity KW - Water Table KW - Model Studies KW - Geohydrology KW - Contaminants KW - Groundwater KW - zonation KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - Particulates KW - Permeability Coefficient KW - Flow rates KW - Rock Properties KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Pollutants KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Geology KW - Bedrock KW - Plumes KW - Storm Drains KW - Remediation KW - Fluctuations KW - Groundwater Movement KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19939243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Modeling+Three-Dimensional+Groundwater+Flow+and+Advective+Contaminant+Transport+at+a+Heterogeneous+Mountainous+Site+in+Support+of+Remediation&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Quanlin%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BJavandel%2C+Iraj%3BJordan%2C+Preston+D&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Quanlin&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=884&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Bioremediation; composite materials; Particulates; Flow rates; Mountains; Sulfur dioxide; Stormwater runoff; Geology; Groundwater; Contaminants; Plumes; Seasonal variations; zonation; Recharge; Geologic Units; Conductivity; Groundwater Pollution; Water Table; Groundwater Level; Permeability Coefficient; Model Studies; Rock Properties; Storm Drains; Pollutants; Flow Rates; Remediation; Geohydrology; Slopes; Bedrock; Groundwater Movement; Fluctuations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon Isotopic Evidence for Biodegradation of Organic Contaminants in the Shallow Vadose Zone of the Radioactive Waste Management Complex AN - 19936312; 6495330 AB - Waste material buried in drums in the shallow subsurface at the Radioactive Waste Management Facility (RWMC) of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) contained significant amounts of organic compounds, including lubricating oils and chlorinated solvents. Carbon dioxide concentrations in pore gas samples from monitoring wells in the vicinity of the disposal pits are three to five times higher than the concentrations in nearby background wells. The stable C isotope ratios ([delta] super(13)C values) of CO sub(2) from the disposal pits averaged 2.4[per thousand] less than CO sub(2) from the background wells, indicating that the elevated CO sub(2) concentrations around the pits were derived from source materials with [delta] super(13)C values in the range of -24 to -29[per thousand]. These [delta] super(13)C values are typical of lubricating oils, but higher than most solvents. The radiocarbon ( super(14)C) contents of CO sub(2) across most of the site were significantly elevated above modern concentrations due to reactor blocks buried in a subsurface vault at the site. However, several samples collected from the high-CO sub(2) zone on the far side of the RWMC from the reactor blocks had very low super(14)C contents (<0.13 times modern), confirming production from lubricating oils manufactured from fossil hydrocarbons. The magnitude of the CO sub(2) anomaly observed at the site is consistent with intrinsic biodegradation rates on the order of 0.5 to 3.0 t C yr super(-1). JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - DePaolo, Donald J AD - Earth Sciences Division, MS 70A-4418, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, MSConrad@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 143 EP - 153 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Biodegradation KW - Oil KW - USA, Idaho KW - Carbon dioxide KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19936312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Carbon+Isotopic+Evidence+for+Biodegradation+of+Organic+Contaminants+in+the+Shallow+Vadose+Zone+of+the+Radioactive+Waste+Management+Complex&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Mark+E%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon dioxide; Oil; USA, Idaho ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaporation Effects on Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotopes in Deep Vadose Zone Pore Fluids at Hanford, Washington AN - 19933947; 6495337 AB - Stable isotopes of O and H were measured in pore fluid extracted from a sediment core located in a relatively undisturbed area in the Hanford site near the S-SX Tank Farms. Pore fluids from most of the 70-m-thick vadose zone section have [delta] super(18)O values that are shifted to higher values than those for winter precipitation (and Columbia River water) by 3 to 4[per thousand]. The shift of [delta] super(18)O and the [delta] super(18)O-[delta]D slope of about 4 in the deep vadose zone pore fluids is attributed to partial evaporation during residence in the upper meter of the soil section. A model relating the isotopic shift to recharge and soil properties suggests that the shift should be inversely proportional to recharge, and larger for coarser soils with lower water retention. When applied to Hanford soils and precipitation patterns, the model predicts that vadose zone pore fluids at Hanford should typically be shifted by +2 to +6[per thousand] in [delta] super(18)O relative to the values in wet season precipitation, even for relatively high values of annual net infiltration (up to 100 mm yr super(-1) or 60% of annual precipitation). The model has implications for groundwater as well as vadose zone [delta] super(18)O. The effects of vegetation are not included, so only upper limit values for the net infiltration flux can be inferred from vadose zone [delta] super(18)O. The shifted [delta] super(18)O of natural pore fluids allows identification of the presence of subsurface water that comes from industrial discharges at the Hanford site. An example is provided by a low [delta] super(18)O, high water content horizon at a depth of 44 m in the core, which is interpreted as industrial water that was transported laterally above a capillary barrier as a result of a nearby, near- surface point discharge that happened within the past 50 yr. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Maher, Katharine AU - Gee, Glendon W AD - Earth Sciences Division, MS 90R1116, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, depaolo@eps.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 220 EP - 232 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - Barriers KW - Evaporation KW - Hydrogen KW - Retention KW - Soil KW - Cores KW - soil properties KW - hydrogen isotopes KW - water content KW - Soil Properties KW - Slopes KW - Zones KW - Recharge KW - Vegetation KW - Model Studies KW - Oxygen KW - Pores KW - Stable Isotopes KW - winter KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Infiltration KW - Groundwater KW - Fluvial Sediments KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - Groundwater Pollution KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - Water Depth KW - Subsurface Water KW - Sediment pollution KW - Industrial Water KW - Precipitation KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Fluctuations KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19933947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Evaporation+Effects+on+Oxygen+and+Hydrogen+Isotopes+in+Deep+Vadose+Zone+Pore+Fluids+at+Hanford%2C+Washington&rft.au=DePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMaher%2C+Katharine%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=DePaolo&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=220&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Oxygen; Sediment pollution; Isotopes; winter; soil properties; Evaporation; hydrogen isotopes; Infiltration; Vegetation; water content; Groundwater; Recharge; Subsurface Water; Barriers; Fluvial Sediments; Industrial Water; Groundwater Pollution; Precipitation; Hydrogen; Retention; Model Studies; Pores; Stable Isotopes; Cores; Water Depth; Soil Properties; Slopes; Zones; Fluctuations; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Columbia R.; INE, USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford Site ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Passive measurement of nitrogen oxides to assess traffic-related pollutant exposure for the East Bay Children's Respiratory Health Study AN - 19429068; 5890928 AB - The East Bay Children's Respiratory Health Study is examining associations between traffic-related pollutant exposures and respiratory health among children who reside and attend schools at varied proximity to northern California freeways. Chronic exposures are being inferred from outdoor pollutant concentrations at neighborhood schools. This paper reports primarily weeklong integrated NO sub(2) and NO sub(X) concentrations measured with passive samplers placed outside at 10 elementary schools during 14 weeks in spring and 8 weeks in fall 2001. Measurements were also made outside selected student residences to examine spatial variability within three school neighborhoods. Regional concentrations of NO sub(2) and NO sub(X) varied widely from week to week. School site data were normalized to measurements at a nearby regional monitoring station to facilitate analysis of relative pollutant exposures at the neighborhood schools. Normalized concentrations were consistent at each school throughout the study. Schools located upwind or far downwind of freeways were generally indistinguishable from one another and regional pollution levels. For school and neighborhood sites within 350 m downwind of a freeway, concentrations increased with decreasing downwind distance. The highest normalized concentrations occurred at a school located directly adjacent to a major freeway and a shopping center. In this case, normalized NO sub(2) and NO sub(X) were similar to 60% and similar to 100% higher than regional background levels. At three schools within 130-230 m downwind of a freeway, normalized NO sub(2) and NO sub(X) were similar to 20-30% and similar to 50-80% higher than regional levels. Validation testing of the passive samplers indicated precision of better than 5% for both NO sub(2) and NO sub(X) when samplers were deployed outside for 1-week periods. Passive sampler results agreed with co-located chemiluminescence measurements to within 8% for NO sub(2) and 3% for NO sub(X). JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Singer, B C AU - Hodgson, A T AU - Hotchi, T AU - Kim, J J AD - E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Atmospheric Sciences Department, MS 51-208, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, bcsinger@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 393 EP - 403 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Schools KW - Freeways KW - Passive sampler KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Atmospheric pollution monitoring KW - Atmospheric pollution measurements KW - Environmental health KW - Pollution effects KW - Children KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Atmospheric pollution-respiratory disease relationships KW - Atmospheric pollution and health KW - Air sampling KW - Emission measurements KW - USA, California KW - Respiratory function KW - Automotive exhaust emissions KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19429068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Passive+measurement+of+nitrogen+oxides+to+assess+traffic-related+pollutant+exposure+for+the+East+Bay+Children%27s+Respiratory+Health+Study&rft.au=Singer%2C+B+C%3BHodgson%2C+A+T%3BHotchi%2C+T%3BKim%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2003.10.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution-respiratory disease relationships; Atmospheric pollution monitoring; Atmospheric pollution measurements; Atmospheric pollution and health; Nitrogen dioxide; Pollution monitoring; Emission measurements; Air sampling; Pollution effects; Environmental health; Automotive exhaust emissions; Respiratory function; Nitrogen oxides; Children; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.10.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon nanotubes as nanoscale mass conveyors AN - 1844921424; 2016-099826 AB - Controllable, reversible atomic-scale mass transport of nanoscale amounts of material along C nanotubes containing hollow cores and large aspect ratios, using In metal as the transport element, is reported. Scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopy all suffer from a loading deficiency; the transport process involved is similar to conventional electro-migration. JF - Nature (London) AU - Regan, B C AU - Aloni, S AU - Ritchie, R O AU - Dahmen, U AU - Zettl, A Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 924 EP - 927 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 428 IS - 6986 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - electrical properties KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - scanning tunneling microscopy KW - materials KW - carbon KW - semiconductors KW - nanotubes KW - nanoparticles KW - electron microscopy KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844921424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Carbon+nanotubes+as+nanoscale+mass+conveyors&rft.au=Regan%2C+B+C%3BAloni%2C+S%3BRitchie%2C+R+O%3BDahmen%2C+U%3BZettl%2C+A&rft.aulast=Regan&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=428&rft.issue=6986&rft.spage=924&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature02496 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; carbon; electrical properties; electron microscopy; materials; nanoparticles; nanotubes; scanning tunneling microscopy; semiconductors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02496 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - X-Ray Structure of Rhodobacter Capsulatus Cytochrome bc sub(1): Comparison with its Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Counterparts AN - 17819450; 6038943 AB - Ubihydroquinone: cytochrome (cyt) c oxidoreductase, or cyt bc sub(1), is a widespread, membrane integral enzyme that plays a crucial role during photosynthesis and respiration. It is one of the major contributors of the electrochemical proton gradient, which is subsequently used for ATP synthesis. The simplest form of the cyt bc sub(1) is found in bacteria, and it contains only the three ubiquitously conserved catalytic subunits: the Fe-S protein, cyt b and cyt c sub(1). Here we present a preliminary X-ray structure of Rhodobacter capsulatus cyt bc sub(1) at 3.8 Aa and compare it to the available structures of its homologues from mitochondria and chloroplast. Using the bacterial enzyme structure, we highlight the structural similarities and differences that are found among the three catalytic subunits between the members of this family of enzymes. In addition, we discuss the locations of currently known critical mutations, and their implications in terms of the cyt bc sub(1) catalysis. JF - Photosynthesis Research AU - Berry, E A AU - Huang, L AU - Saechao, L K AU - Pon, NG AU - Valkova-Valchanova, M AU - Daldal, F AD - Laurence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, eaberry@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 251 EP - 275 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 81 IS - 3 SN - 0166-8595, 0166-8595 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cytochromes KW - Photosynthesis KW - Rhodobacter capsulatus KW - Protons KW - Respiration KW - ATP KW - Mitochondria KW - Catalytic subunits KW - Chloroplasts KW - Cytochrome bc1 KW - Crystal structure KW - oxidoreductase KW - Mutation KW - J 02723:Photosynthesis, electron transport and related phenomena UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17819450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photosynthesis+Research&rft.atitle=X-Ray+Structure+of+Rhodobacter+Capsulatus+Cytochrome+bc+sub%281%29%3A+Comparison+with+its+Mitochondrial+and+Chloroplast+Counterparts&rft.au=Berry%2C+E+A%3BHuang%2C+L%3BSaechao%2C+L+K%3BPon%2C+NG%3BValkova-Valchanova%2C+M%3BDaldal%2C+F&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photosynthesis+Research&rft.issn=01668595&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3APRES.0000036888.18223.0e LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rhodobacter capsulatus; Catalytic subunits; Mitochondria; Photosynthesis; Chloroplasts; Cytochrome bc1; Protons; ATP; Respiration; oxidoreductase; Cytochromes; Crystal structure; Mutation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:PRES.0000036888.18223.0e ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The TOUGH Codes: A Family of Simulation Tools for Multiphase Flow and Transport Processes in Permeable Media AN - 17658378; 6495393 AB - Numerical simulation has become a widely practiced and accepted technique for studying flow and transport processes in the vadose zone and other subsurface flow systems. This article discusses a suite of codes, developed primarily at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), with the capability to model multiphase flows with phase change. We summarize history and goals in the development of the TOUGH codes, and present the governing equations for multiphase, multicomponent flow. Special emphasis is given to space discretization by means of integral finite differences (IFD). Issues of code implementation and architecture are addressed, as well as code applications, maintenance, and future developments. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Pruess, Karsten AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, K_Pruess@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 738 EP - 746 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17658378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=The+TOUGH+Codes%3A+A+Family+of+Simulation+Tools+for+Multiphase+Flow+and+Transport+Processes+in+Permeable+Media&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=738&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Modeling Study of Flow Diversion and Focusing in Unsaturated Fractured Rocks AN - 17657591; 6495338 AB - This study presents a systematic approach to analyze the flow diversion and flow focusing caused by the natural flow-barrier system in the unsaturated zone (UZ) of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, under ambient steady-state flow conditions. An existing analytical solution for analyzing capillary barrier in porous media has been extended to apply to the fractured porous rock. The new analytical solutions are used to identify the critical layers and to provide the guidance for generation of a proper three-dimensional (3-D), site-scale numerical grid. A large-scale 3-D numerical model (with more than a million grid blocks) has been developed with site-specific data to analyze the major flow patterns in the mountain. Our analyses show that large-scale lateral flow could take place in the UZ under ambient conditions, as a result of capillary barriers formed at the contacts of heterogeneous rock layers. This lateral flow runs generally toward the east (in the southern part) or southeast (in the northern part), which is consistent with the dip of the layer contacts. About 90% of the total lateral flow is found to be conducted by only a few critical rock layers. Faults that penetrate these rock layers act as vertical capillary barriers that stop the lateral flow. The combined effect of horizontal and vertical capillary barriers resulted in reduced percolation flow through repository horizon in general but focused downward flow along those penetrating faults. The model results were found to be consistent with the field water saturation. The findings of this study are consistent with a previously published two-dimensional (2-D) analysis and recent published modeling results using field-observed Cl super(-) data. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Zhang, Keni AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, lpan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 233 EP - 246 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17657591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Modeling+Study+of+Flow+Diversion+and+Focusing+in+Unsaturated+Fractured+Rocks&rft.au=Pan%2C+Lehua%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BZhang%2C+Keni&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Lehua&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Situ Freeze-Capturing of Fracture Water using Cryogenic Coring AN - 17654836; 6495459 AB - Current methods do not allow for sampling of in situ water from unsaturated fractures in low-moisture environments. A novel cryogenic coring technique based on a previously developed method is used to collect in situ water in unsaturated fractures. This method uses liquid nitrogen as the drilling fluid, which can freeze the fracture water in place while coring. Laboratory experiments are conducted to demonstrate that water in an unsaturated fracture can be frozen and collected using cryogenic coring. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Su, Grace W AU - Wang, Joseph SY AU - Zacny, Kris AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA 94720, gwsu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 1479 EP - 1482 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17654836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=In+Situ+Freeze-Capturing+of+Fracture+Water+using+Cryogenic+Coring&rft.au=Su%2C+Grace+W%3BWang%2C+Joseph+SY%3BZacny%2C+Kris&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Grace&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiphase Reactive Transport Modeling of Seasonal Infiltration Events and Stable Isotope Fractionation in Unsaturated Zone Pore Water and Vapor at the Hanford Site AN - 17654767; 6495396 AB - Numerical simulations of transport and isotope fractionation provide a method to quantitatively interpret vadose zone pore water stable isotope depth profiles based on soil properties, climatic conditions, and infiltration. We incorporate the temperature-dependent equilibration of stable isotopic species between water and water vapor, and their differing diffusive transport properties into the thermodynamic database of the reactive transport code TOUGHREACT. These simulations are used to illustrate the evolution of stable isotope profiles in semiarid regions where recharge during wet seasons disturbs the drying profile traditionally associated with vadose zone pore waters. Alternating wet and dry seasons lead to annual fluctuations in moisture content, capillary pressure, and stable isotope compositions in the vadose zone. Periodic infiltration models capture the effects of seasonal increases in precipitation and predict stable isotope profiles that are distinct from those observed under drying (zero infiltration) conditions. After infiltration, evaporation causes a shift to higher [delta] super(18)O and [delta]D values, which are preserved in the deeper pore waters. The magnitude of the isotopic composition shift preserved in deep vadose zone pore waters varies inversely with the rate of infiltration. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Singleton, Michael J AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Gee, Glendon W AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, MJSingleton@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 775 EP - 785 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17654767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Multiphase+Reactive+Transport+Modeling+of+Seasonal+Infiltration+Events+and+Stable+Isotope+Fractionation+in+Unsaturated+Zone+Pore+Water+and+Vapor+at+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Singleton%2C+Michael+J%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=Singleton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=775&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Injection in Heterogeneous Porous Media AN - 17654051; 6495401 AB - We investigate the physical processes that occur during the sequestration of CO sub(2) in liquid-saturated, brine-bearing geologic formations using the numerical simulator TOUGH2. Carbon dioxide is injected in a supercritical state that has a much lower density and viscosity than the liquid brine it displaces. In situ, the supercritical CO sub(2) forms a gas-like phase, and also partially dissolves in the aqueous phase, creating a multiphase, multicomponent environment that shares many important features with the vadose zone. The flow and transport simulations employ an equation of state package that treats a two- phase (liquid, gas), three-component (water, salt, CO sub(2)) system. Chemical reactions between CO sub(2) and rock minerals that could potentially contribute to mineral trapping of CO sub(2) are not included. The geological setting considered is a fluvial/deltaic formation that is strongly heterogeneous, making preferential flow a significant effect, especially when coupled with the strong buoyancy forces acting on the gas-like CO sub(2) plume. Key model development issues include vertical and lateral grid resolution, grid orientation effects, and the choice of characteristic curves. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Pruess, Karsten AD - Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, cadoughty@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 837 EP - 847 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17654051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Modeling+Supercritical+Carbon+Dioxide+Injection+in+Heterogeneous+Porous+Media&rft.au=Doughty%2C+Christine%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Doughty&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow Focusing in Unsaturated Fracture Networks -- A Numerical Investigation AN - 17652653; 6495378 AB - A numerical modeling study is presented to investigate flow-focusing phenomena in a large-scale fracture network, constructed using field data collected from the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, the proposed repository site for high-level nuclear waste. The two-dimensional fracture network for an area of 100 by 150 m contains more than 20000 fractures. Steady state unsaturated flow in the fracture network is investigated for different boundary conditions and rock properties. Simulation results indicate that flow paths are generally vertical, and that horizontal fractures mainly provide pathways between neighboring vertical paths. In addition to fracture properties, flow-focusing phenomena are also affected by rock-matrix permeability, with lower matrix permeability leading to a high degree of flow focusing. The simulation results further indicate that the average spacing between flow paths in a layered system tends to increase and flow tends to become more focused, with depth. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., MS 90-1116, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, kzhang@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 624 EP - 633 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 2 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17652653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Flow+Focusing+in+Unsaturated+Fracture+Networks+--+A+Numerical+Investigation&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Keni%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Keni&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=624&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiphase Inverse Modeling -- Review and iTOUGH2 Applications AN - 17652293; 6495394 AB - Calibration of a numerical process model against laboratory or field data is often referred to as "inverse modeling." As the numerical simulation models become more complex, the number of parameters to be estimated generally increases, requiring new testing, modeling, and inversion strategies. The purpose of this survey is to review inverse modeling approaches for unsaturated and multiphase flow models. The discussion focuses on applications rather than theoretical considerations, which have been previously reviewed in the context of saturated flow and transport modeling. We also examine model parameterization issues, specifically the representation of heterogeneity through a limited number of variables that can be subjected to parameter estimation and uncertainty propagation analyses. Different parameterization strategies are illustrated using the multiphase flow simulation-optimization code iTOUGH2. A comprehensive inverse modeling package (such as iTOUGH2, which includes automatic model calibration followed by an extensive residual, error, and uncertainty propagation analysis) is an essential tool to improve test design and data analysis of complex multiphase flow systems. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Finsterle, Stefan AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, SAFinsterle@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 747 EP - 762 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17652293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Multiphase+Inverse+Modeling+--+Review+and+iTOUGH2+Applications&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+Stefan&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=747&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small-Scale Features of Gravity-Driven Flow in Unsaturated Fractures AN - 17651651; 6495376 AB - Liquid flow through unsaturated fractures often proceeds as fingers or preferential flow paths. During the invasion of liquid fingers into an initially dry, nonhorizontal fracture, fingers may drain, forming a narrow thread of liquid called a rivulet that connects to a wider portion of liquid at the advancing front, defined as a blob. Experimental studies using idealized fractures were performed to investigate the effects of wettability, surface roughness, and aperture size on several important features of gravity-driven flow in fractures: liquid drainage, blob migration, and rivulet flow. The experiments demonstrate that the critical length of the blob before drainage occurred was significantly longer on surfaces with intermediate wettability and on surfaces with roughness on the order of 100 mu m than on a smooth, flat water- wetting surface. However, drainage did not occur on surfaces with smaller-scale roughness on the order of 10 mu m. Blob velocities were also measured and were always less than the saturated gravity-driven flow velocity, even when a liquid with a static contact angle of zero was used. This reduction in velocity was attributed to contact angle hysteresis. Rivulet widths measured as a function of flow rate between glass and acrylic parallel plates were generally larger on the acrylic plates than the glass plates for a particular flow rate, demonstrating the sensitivity of rivulet flow to wettability. In addition, the cubic law overpredicted the measured rivulet widths, except for the widths measured between the acrylic plates at 20 greater than or equal to The effect of aperture variability on rivulet flow was also examined. At a critical aperture ranging between 0.25 and 0.37 mm, the liquid in the rivulet did not completely span the aperture, forming two streamlets of liquid on either side of the fracture. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Su, Grace W AU - Geller, Jil T AU - Hunt, James R AU - Pruess, Karsten AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, gwsu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 592 EP - 601 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 2 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0850:Lakes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17651651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Small-Scale+Features+of+Gravity-Driven+Flow+in+Unsaturated+Fractures&rft.au=Su%2C+Grace+W%3BGeller%2C+Jil+T%3BHunt%2C+James+R%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Grace&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled Vadose Zone and Atmospheric Surface-Layer Transport of Carbon Dioxide from Geologic Carbon Sequestration Sites AN - 17392433; 6495402 AB - Geologic CO sub(2) sequestration is being considered as a way to offset fossil fuel-related CO sub(2) emissions to reduce the rate of increase of atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations. The accumulation of vast quantities of injected CO sub(2) in geologic sequestration sites may entail health and environmental risks from potential leakage and seepage of CO sub(2) into the near-surface environment. We are developing and applying a coupled subsurface and atmospheric surface-layer modeling capability built within the framework of the integral finite difference reservoir simulator TOUGH2. The overall purpose of the modeling studies is to predict CO sub(2) concentration distributions under a variety of seepage scenarios and geologic, hydrologic, and atmospheric conditions. These concentration distributions will provide the basis for determining aboveground and near- surface instrumentation needs for CO sub(2) sequestration monitoring and verification, as well as for assessing health, safety, and environmental risks. A key feature of CO sub(2) is its large density ([rho] = 1.8 kg m super(-3)) relative to air ([rho] = 1.2 kg m super(-3)), a property that may allow small leaks to cause concentrations in air above the occupational exposure limit of 4% in low-lying and enclosed areas such as valleys and basements where dilution rates are low. The approach we take to coupled modeling involves development of T2CA, a TOUGH2 module for modeling the multicomponent transport of water, brine, CO sub(2), gas tracer, and air in the subsurface. For the atmospheric surface-layer advection and dispersion, we use a logarithmic vertical velocity profile to specify constant time-averaged ambient winds, and atmospheric dispersion approaches to model mixing due to eddies and turbulence. Initial simulations with the coupled model suggest that atmospheric dispersion quickly dilutes diffuse CO sub(2) seepage fluxes to negligible concentrations, and that rainfall infiltration can cause CO sub(2) to return to the subsurface as a dissolved component in infiltrating rainwater. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Unger, Andre JA AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, cmoldenburg@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 848 EP - 857 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Instrumentation KW - Rainfall KW - Seepage KW - Advection KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Exposure KW - Emissions KW - Vertical velocities KW - Zones KW - Reservoirs KW - Wind KW - Leakage KW - valleys KW - Safety KW - Vadose waters KW - Carbon storage KW - Atmosphere-hydrologic coupled models KW - Finite Difference Methods KW - Numerical simulations KW - Profiles KW - Infiltration KW - Monitoring KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Dispersion models KW - Brines KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Rainfall infiltration KW - turbulence KW - Mixing KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Tracers KW - Carbon KW - Varieties KW - Geology KW - Turbulence KW - Occupational exposure KW - Rainfall Infiltration KW - Sites KW - Density KW - Velocity KW - Simulation KW - advection KW - Risk KW - Atmospheric dispersion KW - Eddies KW - seepages KW - Rain KW - Accumulation KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17392433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Coupled+Vadose+Zone+and+Atmospheric+Surface-Layer+Transport+of+Carbon+Dioxide+from+Geologic+Carbon+Sequestration+Sites&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BUnger%2C+Andre+JA&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=848&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmosphere-hydrologic coupled models; Rainfall infiltration; Atmospheric dispersion; Numerical simulations; Vadose waters; Vertical velocities; Dispersion models; Carbon dioxide; Carbon storage; Reservoirs; Advection; Leakage; valleys; Rainfall; Simulation; Velocity; advection; Tracers; Carbon sequestration; Emissions; Infiltration; Geology; seepages; Rain; Turbulence; Occupational exposure; Instrumentation; turbulence; Seepage; Mixing; Carbon; Hydrologic Models; Exposure; Varieties; Zones; Wind; Rainfall Infiltration; Sites; Density; Safety; Risk; Finite Difference Methods; Eddies; Profiles; Monitoring; Accumulation; Carbon Dioxide; Brines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Seepage into Heated Waste Emplacement Tunnels in Unsaturated Fractured Rock AN - 17386715; 6495400 AB - Predicting the amount of water that may seep into waste emplacement tunnels (drifts) is important for assessing the performance of the proposed geologic repository for high-level radioactive waste at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The repository will be located in thick, partially saturated fractured tuff that: for the first several hundred years after emplacement: will be heated to above- boiling temperatures as a result of heat generation from the decay of radioactive waste. Heating of rock water to above-boiling conditions induces water saturation changes and perturbs water fluxes that affect the potential for water seepage into drifts. We describe numerical analyses of the coupled thermal-hydrological (TH) processes in the vicinity of waste emplacement drifts, evaluate the potential of seepage during the heating phase of the repository, and discuss the implications for the performance of the site. In addition to the capillary barrier at the rock-drift interface: independent of the thermal conditions: a second barrier exists to downward percolation at above-boiling conditions. This barrier is caused by vaporization of water in the fractured rock overlying the repository. A TOUGH2 dual-permeability simulation model was developed to analyze the combined effect of these two barriers; it accounts for all relevant TH processes in response to heating, while incorporating the capillary barrier condition at the drift wall. Model results are presented for a variety of simulation cases that cover the expected variability and uncertainty of relevant rock properties and boundary conditions. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Mukhopadhyay, Sumit AU - Tsang, Yvonne W AD - Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, jtbirkholzer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 819 EP - 836 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Barriers KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Interfaces KW - Seepage KW - Vaporization KW - Mountains KW - Permeability KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Hydrology KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Wastes KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Saturation KW - Tunnels KW - Model Studies KW - Numerical Analysis KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Rocks KW - Heat KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Variability KW - Seeps KW - Rock Properties KW - Percolation KW - Varieties KW - Geology KW - Decay KW - Boundary Conditions KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Heating KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17386715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Modeling+Seepage+into+Heated+Waste+Emplacement+Tunnels+in+Unsaturated+Fractured+Rock&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+Sumit%3BTsang%2C+Yvonne+W&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=819&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Vaporization; Permeability; Waste disposal sites; Temperature; Radioactive wastes; Hydrology; Simulation; Geology; Decay; Tunnels; Hazardous wastes; Geologic Fractures; Radioactive Wastes; Variability; Seeps; Barriers; Boundary Conditions; Interfaces; Wastes; Saturation; Seepage; Model Studies; Numerical Analysis; Rock Properties; Performance Evaluation; Percolation; Rocks; Heating; Heat; Varieties; USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in Energy Forecasting Models Based on Engineering Economics AN - 17298340; 6130291 AB - New energy efficiency policies have been introduced around the world. Historically, most energy models were reasonably equipped to assess the impact of classical policies, such as a subsidy or change in taxation. However, these tools are often insufficient to assess the impact of alternative policy instruments. We evaluate the so-called engineering economic models used to assess future industrial energy use. Engineering economic models include the level of detail commonly needed to model the new types of policies considered. We explore approaches to improve the realism and policy relevance of engineering economic modeling frameworks. We also explore solutions to strengthen the policy usefulness of engineering economic analysis that can be built from a framework of multidisciplinary cooperation. The review discusses the main modeling approaches currently used and evaluates the weaknesses in current models. We focus on the needs to further improve the models. We identify research priorities for the modeling framework, technology representation in models, policy evaluation, and modeling of decision-making behavior. JF - Annual Review of Environment and Resources AU - Worrell, E AU - Ramesohl, S AU - Boyd, G AD - Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, eworrell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 345 EP - 381 VL - 29 SN - 1543-5938, 1543-5938 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Cooperation KW - Instruments KW - Economic models KW - Models KW - Taxation KW - Decision making KW - Behavior KW - Energy policy KW - Economic analysis KW - Priorities KW - Policy research KW - Subsidies KW - Technology KW - M3 1240:Sustainable Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17298340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.atitle=Advances+in+Energy+Forecasting+Models+Based+on+Engineering+Economics&rft.au=Worrell%2C+E%3BRamesohl%2C+S%3BBoyd%2C+G&rft.aulast=Worrell&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.issn=15435938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.energy.29.062403.102042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Economic models; Instruments; Cooperation; Models; Taxation; Decision making; Energy policy; Behavior; Economic analysis; Policy research; Priorities; Subsidies; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.29.062403.102042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal structure of the chi:psi subassembly of the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase clamp-loader complex AN - 17268249; 5850831 AB - The chi ( chi ) and psi ( psi ) subunits of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III form a heterodimer that is associated with the ATP-dependent clamp-loader machinery. In E. coli, the chi : psi heterodimer serves as a bridge between the clamp-loader complex and the single-stranded DNA-binding protein. We determined the crystal structure of the chi : psi heterodimer at 2.1 Aa resolution. Although neither chi (147 residues) nor psi (137 residues) bind to nucleotides, the fold of each protein is similar to the folds of mononucleotide-( chi ) or dinucleotide-( psi ) binding proteins, without marked similarity to the structures of the clamp-loader subunits. Genes encoding chi and psi proteins are found to be readily identifiable in several bacterial genomes and sequence alignments showed that residues at the chi : psi interface are highly conserved in both proteins, suggesting that the heterodimeric interaction is of functional significance. The conservation of surface-exposed residues is restricted to the interfacial region and to just two other regions in the chi : psi complex. One of the conserved regions was found to be located on chi , distal to the psi interaction region, and we identified this as the binding site for a C-terminal segment of the single-stranded DNA-binding protein. The other region of sequence conservation is localized to an N-terminal segment of psi (26 residues) that is disordered in the crystal structure. We speculate that psi is linked to the clamp-loader complex by this flexible, but conserved, N-terminal segment, and that the chi : psi unit is linked to the single-stranded DNA-binding protein via the distal surface of chi . The base of the clamp-loader complex has an open C-shaped structure, and the shape of the chi : psi complex is suggestive of a loose docking within the crevice formed by the open faces of the delta and delta ' subunits of the clamp-loader. JF - European Journal of Biochemistry AU - Gulbis, J M AU - Kazmirski, S L AU - Finkelstein, J AU - Kelman, Z AU - O'Donnell, M AU - Kuriyan, J AD - Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, kuriyan@uclink.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2004/01// PY - 2004 DA - Jan 2004 SP - 439 EP - 449 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 271 IS - 2 SN - 0014-2956, 0014-2956 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Protein structure KW - Protein folding KW - single-stranded DNA-binding protein KW - DNA-directed DNA polymerase KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Escherichia coli KW - Crystal structure KW - Conserved sequence KW - J 02725:DNA UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17268249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Crystal+structure+of+the+chi%3Apsi+subassembly+of+the+Escherichia+coli+DNA+polymerase+clamp-loader+complex&rft.au=Gulbis%2C+J+M%3BKazmirski%2C+S+L%3BFinkelstein%2C+J%3BKelman%2C+Z%3BO%27Donnell%2C+M%3BKuriyan%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gulbis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+Journal+of+Biochemistry&rft.issn=00142956&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1432-1033.2003.03944.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein structure; Protein folding; Nucleotide sequence; DNA-directed DNA polymerase; single-stranded DNA-binding protein; Crystal structure; Conserved sequence; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03944.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling Coupled Evaporation and Seepage in Ventilated Cavities AN - 16199438; 6495399 AB - Cavities excavated in unsaturated geological formations are important to activities such as nuclear waste disposal and mining. Such cavities provide a unique setting for simultaneous occurrence of seepage and evaporation. Previously, inverse numerical modeling of field liquid-release tests and associated seepage into cavities were used to provide seepage-related large- scale formation properties, ignoring the impact of evaporation. The applicability of such models was limited to the narrow range of ventilation conditions under which the models were calibrated. The objective of this study was to alleviate this limitation by incorporating evaporation into the seepage models. We modeled evaporation as an isothermal vapor diffusion process. The semiphysical model accounts for the relative humidity (RH), temperature, and ventilation conditions of the cavities. The evaporation boundary layer thickness (BLT) over which diffusion occurs was estimated by calibration against free- water evaporation data collected inside the experimental cavities. The estimated values of BLT were 5 to 7 mm for the open underground drifts and 20 mm for niches closed off by bulkheads. Compared with previous models that neglected the effect of evaporation, this new approach showed significant improvement in capturing seepage fluctuations into open cavities of low RH. At high relative- humidity values (>85%), the effect of evaporation on seepage was very small. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Ghezzehei, T A AU - Trautz, R C AU - Finsterle, S AU - Cook, P J AU - Ahlers, C F AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, MS 90R1116, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720-8126, TAGhezzehei@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 806 EP - 818 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Ventilation KW - Evaporation KW - Niches KW - Boundary Layers KW - Waste Dumps KW - Model Testing KW - Seepage KW - Relative Humidity KW - Vapors KW - Calibrations KW - Geology KW - Diffusion KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Mathematical models KW - Temperature KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Humidity KW - Model Studies KW - Bulkheads KW - Boundary layers KW - seepages KW - Mining KW - Fluctuations KW - niches KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16199438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Modeling+Coupled+Evaporation+and+Seepage+in+Ventilated+Cavities&rft.au=Ghezzehei%2C+T+A%3BTrautz%2C+R+C%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BCook%2C+P+J%3BAhlers%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Ghezzehei&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=806&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Ventilation; Evaporation; Radioactive wastes; Temperature; Humidity; Vapors; Boundary layers; seepages; Diffusion; Geology; Mining; niches; Radioactive Wastes; Niches; Boundary Layers; Waste Dumps; Model Testing; Seepage; Relative Humidity; Model Studies; Bulkheads; Calibrations; Fluctuations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scale Dependency of the Effective Matrix Diffusion Coefficient AN - 16198894; 6495351 AB - It has been recognized that matrix diffusion is an important process for retarding solute transport in fractured rock. Based on analyses of tracer transport data from a number of field tests, we demonstrate for the first time that the effective matrix-diffusion coefficient may be scale dependent and generally increases with test scale. A preliminary theoretical explanation of this scale dependency is also presented, based on the hypothesis that solute travel paths within a fracture network are fractals. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Liu, H H AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Zhang, G AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, hhliu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 312 EP - 315 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Travel KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Diffusion Coefficient KW - Field Tests KW - Fractals KW - Tracers KW - Solute Transport KW - Networks KW - Diffusion KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16198894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Scale+Dependency+of+the+Effective+Matrix+Diffusion+Coefficient&rft.au=Liu%2C+H+H%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BZhang%2C+G&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=312&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Travel; Tracers; Diffusion; Testing Procedures; Fractals; Geologic Fractures; Diffusion Coefficient; Solute Transport; Networks; Field Tests ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vadose Zone Remediation of Carbon Dioxide Leakage from Geologic Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Sites AN - 16197890; 6495403 AB - In the unlikely event that CO sub(2) leakage from deep geologic CO sub(2) sequestration sites reaches the vadose zone, remediation measures for removing the CO sub(2) gas plume may have to be undertaken. Carbon dioxide leakage plumes are similar in many ways to volatile organic compound (VOC) vapor plumes, and the same remediation approaches are applicable. We present here numerical simulation results of passive and active remediation strategies for CO sub(2) leakage plumes in the vadose zone. The starting time for the remediation scenarios is assumed to be after a steady-state CO sub(2) leakage plume is established in the vadose zone, and the source of this plume has been cut off. We consider first passive remediation, both with and without barometric pumping. Next, we consider active methods involving extraction wells in both vertical and horizontal configurations. To compare the effectiveness of the various remediation strategies, we define a half-life of the CO sub(2) plume as a convenient measure of the CO sub(2) removal rate. For CO sub(2) removal by passive remediation approaches such as barometric pumping, thicker vadose zones generally require longer remediation times. However, for the case of a thin vadose zone where a significant fraction of the CO sub(2) plume mass resides within the high liquid saturation region near the water table, the half-life of the CO sub(2) plume without barometric pumping is longer than for somewhat thicker vadose zones. As for active strategies, results show that a combination of horizontal and vertical wells is the most effective among the strategies investigated, as the performance of commonly used multiple vertical wells was not investigated. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Zhang, Yingqi AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Benson, Sally M AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, yqzhang@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 858 EP - 866 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Radioactive Half-life KW - Pumping KW - Plumes KW - Zones KW - Leakage KW - Sites KW - Saturation KW - Water Table KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Remediation KW - Organic Compounds KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16197890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Vadose+Zone+Remediation+of+Carbon+Dioxide+Leakage+from+Geologic+Carbon+Dioxide+Sequestration+Sites&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yingqi%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yingqi&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=858&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Performance Evaluation; Sites; Leakage; Remediation; Radioactive Half-life; Organic Compounds; Pumping; Water Table; Saturation; Zones; Plumes; Carbon Dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Mountain-Scale Model for Characterizing Unsaturated Flow and Transport in Fractured Tuffs of Yucca Mountain AN - 16197736; 6495398 AB - We present a large-scale modeling study characterizing fluid flow and tracer transport in the unsaturated zone (UZ) of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, the proposed underground repository site for storing high-level radioactive waste. The modeling study is conducted using a three-dimensional numerical model, which incorporates a wide variety of field data and takes into account the coupled processes of flow and transport in Yucca Mountain's highly heterogeneous, unsaturated, fractured porous rock. The modeling approach is based on a dual- continuum formulation. Using different conceptual models of unsaturated flow, various scenarios of current and future climate conditions and their effects on the UZ are evaluated to aid in the assessment of the repository's system performance. These models are calibrated against field-measured data. Model- predicted flow and transport processes under current and future climates are discussed. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Lu, Guoping AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, yswu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 796 EP - 805 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aeration Zone KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Fluid Flow KW - transport processes KW - USA, Nevada KW - Mountains KW - Tracers KW - Assessments KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Varieties KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Mathematical models KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Model Studies KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16197736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Mountain-Scale+Model+for+Characterizing+Unsaturated+Flow+and+Transport+in+Fractured+Tuffs+of+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BLu%2C+Guoping%3BZhang%2C+Keni%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=796&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Tracers; Mathematical models; Radioactive wastes; transport processes; Hazardous wastes; Radioactive Wastes; Geologic Fractures; Aeration Zone; Performance Evaluation; Assessments; Fluid Flow; Unsaturated Flow; Varieties; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies; USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt.; USA, Nevada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current Uncertainties in Assessing Aerosol Effects on Climate AN - 16193349; 6130285 AB - The effect of anthropogenic emissions from activities, such as fossilfuel, biomass, and biofuel burning; transportation; and land-clearing; have a profound impact on the climate system. The impact of these activities is manifested in observed changes in temperature, precipitation, sea-level rise, melting of glaciers, air quality, health, and agriculture yields, to name a few. The obvious question to ask is the role that these different processes play in affecting climate and what action could one impose to curtail or constrain adverse human impacts on climate. Greenhouse gases have long been studied, as they play a major role in changing climate. But over the past 10-20 years, aerosols have emerged as the other big contenders in climate change studies. This review focuses on the current understanding of the effects of aerosols on climate, with an emphasis on the thermodynamical and indirect aerosol effects. We also examine available measurements that could be used to decipher the aerosol influence on climate, with an outlook on how the uncertainties in aerosol effects may impact future climate predictions and policy changes. JF - Annual Review of Environment and Resources AU - Menon, S AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, smenon@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 1 EP - 30 VL - 29 SN - 1543-5938, 1543-5938 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Combustion products KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate change KW - Temperature KW - Sea level rise KW - Air quality KW - Precipitation KW - Biomass KW - Air pollution forecasting KW - Transportation KW - Aerosol effects on climate KW - Reviews KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Future climates KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16193349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.atitle=Current+Uncertainties+in+Assessing+Aerosol+Effects+on+Climate&rft.au=Menon%2C+S&rft.aulast=Menon&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.issn=15435938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.energy.29.063003.132549 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agriculture; Atmospheric pollution; Aerosol effects on climate; Climate change; Sea level rise; Air quality; Precipitation; Greenhouse gases; Future climates; Air pollution forecasting; Aerosols; Transportation; Combustion products; Reviews; Climatic changes; Temperature; Biomass DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.29.063003.132549 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GHG mitigation potential and cost in tropical forestry - Relative role for agroforestry AN - 16175158; 5895859 AB - This paper summarizes studies of carbon mitigation potential (MP) and costs of forestry options in seven developing countries with a focus on the role of agroforestry. A common methodological approach known as comprehensive mitigation assessment process (COMAP) was used in each study to estimate the potential and costs between 2000 and 2030. The approach requires the projection of baseline and mitigation land-use scenarios derived from the demand for forest products and forestland for other uses such as agriculture and pasture. By using data on estimated carbon sequestration, emission avoidance, costs and benefits, the model enables one to estimate cost effectiveness indicators based on monetary benefit per t C, as well as estimates of total mitigation costs and potential when the activities are implemented at equilibrium level. The results show that about half the MP of 6.9 Gt C (an average of 223 Mt C per year) between 2000 and 2030 in the seven countries could be achieved at a negative cost, and the other half at costs not exceeding $100 per t C. Negative cost indicates that non-carbon revenue is sufficient to offset direct costs of about half of the options. The agroforestry options analyzed bear a significant proportion of the potential at medium to low cost per t C when compared to other options. The role of agroforestry in these countries varied between 6% and 21% of the MP, though the options are much more cost effective than most due to the low wage or opportunity cost of rural labor. Agroforestry options are attractive due to the large number of people and potential area currently engaged in agriculture, but they pose unique challenges for carbon and cost accounting due to the dispersed nature of agricultural activities in the tropics, as well as specific difficulties arising from requirements for monitoring, verification, leakage assessment and the establishment of credible baselines. JF - Environment, Development and Sustainability AU - Makundi, W R AU - Sathaye, JA AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, WRMakundi@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 235 EP - 260 VL - 6 IS - 1-2 SN - 1387-585X, 1387-585X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Forest products KW - Mitigation KW - Labor costs KW - Data processing KW - Agroforestry KW - Emission control KW - Pasture KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Environmental accounting KW - Tropical environments KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Developing countries KW - Forestry KW - M3 1120:Land KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16175158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment%2C+Development+and+Sustainability&rft.atitle=GHG+mitigation+potential+and+cost+in+tropical+forestry+-+Relative+role+for+agroforestry&rft.au=Makundi%2C+W+R%3BSathaye%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Makundi&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment%2C+Development+and+Sustainability&rft.issn=1387585X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forest products; Agriculture; Cost-benefit analysis; Labor costs; Mitigation; Data processing; Environmental accounting; Agroforestry; Emission control; Developing countries; Pasture; Carbon sequestration; Tropical environments; Greenhouse gases; Forestry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory constraints to carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems and geologic formations: A California perspective AN - 16166672; 5868421 AB - Carbon C sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems and geologic formations provides a significant opportunity for California to address global climate change. The physical size of its resources (e.g., forests, agriculture, soils, rangeland, and geologic formations) and the expertise in California provides a substantial foundation for developing C sequestration activities. Furthermore, the co-benefits c sequestration - such as improved soil and water quality, restoration of degraded ecosystems, increased plant and crop productivity, and enhanced oil recovery - are significant. In fact, C sequestration often represents a 'no regrets' strategy - implementing C sequestration provides multiple benefits, even without the advent of global climate change. Nevertheless, researchers need to address several issues to determine more accurately the potential, benefits, and costs of sequestering C in California's terrestrial ecosystems and geologic formations, as well as to identify the most promising sequestration methods and their optimal implementation. One key issue is the type of regulatory constraints facing developers of C sequestration projects: what permits are needed for developing these projects? The permitting process may impede the penetration of sequestration technologies into the market if the costs (including transaction costs) of obtaining the permits are too burdensome and costly. For example, at least nine federal regulations and seven state regulations will potentially influence C sequestration projects in California. This paper also provides an example of the types of permits needed for developing a C sequestration project, using California as an example. It is possible that a C sequestration project may have to obtain a total of 15 permits (3 federal, 6 state, 6 local), before it even starts to operate. In the concluding section, we offer some suggested areas for research and activities for policy makers. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Vine, E AD - California Institute for Energy Efficiency, C/o Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Building 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720-8136, USA, Edward.Vine@ucop.edu Y1 - 2004 PY - 2004 DA - 2004 SP - 77 EP - 95 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Government regulations KW - Terrestrial environments KW - Climatic changes KW - USA, California KW - Permits KW - Environmental policy KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16166672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Regulatory+constraints+to+carbon+sequestration+in+terrestrial+ecosystems+and+geologic+formations%3A+A+California+perspective&rft.au=Vine%2C+E&rft.aulast=Vine&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cost-benefit analysis; Carbon sequestration; Government regulations; Terrestrial environments; Climatic changes; Permits; Environmental policy; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of the Non-Pertechnetate Species in Hanford Waste Tanks, Tc(I)--Carbonyl Complexes AN - 16165714; 5855286 AB - Immobilization of the high-level nuclear waste stored at the Hanford Reservation has been complicated by the presence of soluble, lower-valent technetium species. Previous work by Schroeder and Blanchard has shown that these species cannot be removed by ion-exchange and are difficult to oxidize. The Tc K-edge XANES spectra of the species in Tanks SY-101 and SY-103 were reported by Blanchard, but they could not be assigned to any known technetium complex. We report that the XANES spectra are most likely those of Tc(I)--carbonyl species, especially fac-Tc(CO) sub(3)(gluconate) super(2-). This is further supported by EXAFS and super(99)Tc--NMR studies in nonradioactive simulants of these tank wastes. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Lukens, W W AU - Shuh, D K AU - Schroeder, N C AU - Ashley, K R AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, wwlukens@lbl.gov Y1 - 2004/01/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jan 01 SP - 229 EP - 233 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - carbonyl compounds KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Storage tanks KW - Technetium KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Waste disposal KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16165714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+the+Non-Pertechnetate+Species+in+Hanford+Waste+Tanks%2C+Tc%28I%29--Carbonyl+Complexes&rft.au=Lukens%2C+W+W%3BShuh%2C+D+K%3BSchroeder%2C+N+C%3BAshley%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Lukens&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes034318d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage tanks; Technetium; Radioactive wastes; Waste disposal; USA, Washington, Hanford Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es034318d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and function of the conserved core of histone deposition protein Asf1. AN - 71472666; 14680630 AB - BACKGROUNDAsf1 is a ubiquitous eukaryotic histone binding and deposition protein that mediates nucleosome formation in vitro and is required for genome stability in vivo. Studies in a variety of organisms have defined Asf1's role as a histone chaperone during DNA replication through specific interactions with histones H3/H4 and the histone deposition factor CAF-I. In addition to its role in replication, conserved interactions with proteins involved in chromatin silencing, transcription, chromatin remodeling, and DNA repair have also established Asf1 as an important component of a number of chromatin assembly and modulation complexes.RESULTSWe demonstrate that the highly conserved N-terminal domain of S. cerevisiae Asf1 (Asf1N) is the core region that mediates all tested functions of the full-length protein. The crystal structure of this core domain, determined to 1.5 A resolution, reveals a compact immunoglobulin-like beta sandwich fold topped by three helical linkers. The surface of Asf1 displays a conserved hydrophobic groove flanked on one side by an area of strong electronegative surface potential. These regions represent potential binding sites for histones and other interacting proteins. The structural model also allowed us to interpret mutagenesis studies of the human Asf1a/HIRA interaction and to functionally define the region of Asf1 responsible for Hir1-dependent telomeric silencing in budding yeast.CONCLUSIONSThe evolutionarily conserved, N-terminal 155 amino acids of histone deposition protein Asf1 are functional in vitro and in vivo. This core region of Asf1 adopts a compact immunoglobulin-fold structure with distinct surface characteristics, including a Hir protein binding region required for gene silencing. JF - Current biology : CB AU - Daganzo, Sally M AU - Erzberger, Jan P AU - Lam, Wendy M AU - Skordalakes, Emmanuel AU - Zhang, Rugang AU - Franco, Alexa A AU - Brill, Steven J AU - Adams, Peter D AU - Berger, James M AU - Kaufman, Paul D AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2003/12/16/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Dec 16 SP - 2148 EP - 2158 VL - 13 IS - 24 SN - 0960-9822, 0960-9822 KW - ASF1 protein, S cerevisiae KW - 0 KW - Cell Cycle Proteins KW - Histones KW - Molecular Chaperones KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Sequence Alignment KW - Gene Transfer Techniques KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Chromatography KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Crystallography KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Precipitin Tests KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Protein Conformation KW - Cell Cycle Proteins -- genetics KW - Models, Molecular KW - Gene Silencing KW - Cell Cycle Proteins -- isolation & purification KW - Histones -- genetics KW - Cell Cycle Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71472666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+biology+%3A+CB&rft.atitle=Structure+and+function+of+the+conserved+core+of+histone+deposition+protein+Asf1.&rft.au=Daganzo%2C+Sally+M%3BErzberger%2C+Jan+P%3BLam%2C+Wendy+M%3BSkordalakes%2C+Emmanuel%3BZhang%2C+Rugang%3BFranco%2C+Alexa+A%3BBrill%2C+Steven+J%3BAdams%2C+Peter+D%3BBerger%2C+James+M%3BKaufman%2C+Paul+D&rft.aulast=Daganzo&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft.date=2003-12-16&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=2148&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+biology+%3A+CB&rft.issn=09609822&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-19 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-28 N1 - Genetic sequence - 1ROC; PDB N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of calcium carbonate on U(VI) sorption to soils. AN - 71524050; 14717170 AB - The high stability of calcium uranyl carbonate complexes in the circumneutral pH range has a strong impact on U(VI) sorption in calcareous soils. To quantify this influence, sorption of U(VI) to soils in the presence of naturally occurring calcium carbonate was investigated by conducting batch experiments in which either U(VI) concentration or solution pH was varied. Two soils containing different calcium carbonate concentrations were selected, one from Oak Ridge, TN, and another from Altamont Pass, CA. The results show that the presence of calcium carbonate in soils strongly affects U(VI) sorption. Higher concentrations of soil calcium carbonate lead to a pronounced suppression of the pH-dependent sorption curve in the neutral pH range because of the formation of a very stable neutral complex of calcium uranyl carbonate in solution. A surface complexation model considering both strong and weak sites for ferrihydrite and ionizable hydroxyl sites for clay minerals was compared with experimental results, and U(VI) binding parameters were reasonably estimated. Fair agreement was found between the model predictions and sorption data, which span a wide range of U(VI) concentrations and pH. The results also show that appropriate solution-to-solid ratios need to be used when measuring distribution coefficients in calcareous soils to avoid complete CaCO3 dissolution and consequent dilution of calcium uranyl carbonate complexes. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Zheng, Zuoping AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. zzuoping@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/12/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Dec 15 SP - 5603 EP - 5608 VL - 37 IS - 24 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aluminum Silicates KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive KW - clay KW - 1302-87-0 KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Calcium Carbonate KW - H0G9379FGK KW - Index Medicus KW - Solubility KW - Aluminum Silicates -- chemistry KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Adsorption KW - Calcium Carbonate -- chemistry KW - Uranium -- chemistry KW - Uranium -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71524050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+calcium+carbonate+on+U%28VI%29+sorption+to+soils.&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Zuoping%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Zuoping&rft.date=2003-12-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=5603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-04-02 N1 - Date created - 2004-01-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusion waves in seismology? AN - 881450667; 2011-061695 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Silin, D AU - Korneev, V A AU - Goloshubin, G M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - high-resolution methods KW - attenuation KW - saturation KW - geophysical methods KW - reflection methods KW - fluid phase KW - elastic waves KW - seismic waves KW - image analysis KW - seismic methods KW - amplitude KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881450667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Diffusion+waves+in+seismology%3F&rft.au=Silin%2C+D%3BKorneev%2C+V+A%3BGoloshubin%2C+G+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Silin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1041&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; attenuation; elastic waves; fluid phase; geophysical methods; high-resolution methods; image analysis; reflection methods; saturation; seismic methods; seismic waves ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An efficient approach for computing the frequency response of seismic waves in heterogeneous, anisotropic viscoelastic media with FDTD+PSD modeling AN - 881448814; 2011-061739 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Nihei, K T AU - Nakagawa, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - anisotropic materials KW - heterogeneous materials KW - viscoelastic materials KW - finite difference analysis KW - mathematical methods KW - time domain analysis KW - propagation KW - elastic waves KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881448814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=An+efficient+approach+for+computing+the+frequency+response+of+seismic+waves+in+heterogeneous%2C+anisotropic+viscoelastic+media+with+FDTD%2BPSD+modeling&rft.au=Nihei%2C+K+T%3BNakagawa%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nihei&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1049&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; anisotropic materials; elastic waves; finite difference analysis; heterogeneous materials; mathematical methods; propagation; seismic waves; time domain analysis; viscoelastic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular structure of water absorbed on a mica surface AN - 853221622; 2011-020532 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Park, Sung-Ho AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B21B EP - 0705 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - water KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - alkali metals KW - adsorption KW - clay minerals KW - molecular structure KW - hydration KW - mica group KW - metals KW - potassium KW - sheet silicates KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853221622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Molecular+structure+of+water+absorbed+on+a+mica+surface&rft.au=Park%2C+Sung-Ho%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Sung-Ho&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www-esd.lbl.gov/GEO/aqueous_geochem/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; clay minerals; experimental studies; hydration; metals; mica group; molecular structure; oxygen; potassium; sheet silicates; silicates; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How the structure of aluminum goethite affects iron release AN - 853221236; 2011-020535 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Edwards, David C AU - Cervini-Silva, Javiera AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Myneni, Satish C B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B21B EP - 0709 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - chemical weathering KW - oxygen KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - biochemistry KW - substitution KW - weathering KW - iron KW - siderophores KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - crystal chemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853221236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=How+the+structure+of+aluminum+goethite+affects+iron+release&rft.au=Edwards%2C+David+C%3BCervini-Silva%2C+Javiera%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BMyneni%2C+Satish+C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; biochemistry; chemical weathering; crystal chemistry; EXAFS data; goethite; iron; iron oxides; metals; microorganisms; organic compounds; oxides; oxygen; siderophores; substitution; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular mechanisms of iron oxyhydroxide biomineralization AN - 853220927; 2011-020521 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Chan, Clara S AU - Fakra, Sirine AU - De Stasio, Gelsomina AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B21A EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - biomineralization KW - mines KW - experimental studies KW - lead ores KW - biogenic structures KW - biochemistry KW - oxyhydroxides KW - zinc ores KW - mechanism KW - algal structures KW - hydroxides KW - Tennyson Wisconsin KW - neutrophilic microbes KW - algal mats KW - metal ores KW - oxides KW - Grant County Wisconsin KW - Wisconsin KW - sedimentary structures KW - lead-zinc deposits KW - microorganisms KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853220927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Molecular+mechanisms+of+iron+oxyhydroxide+biomineralization&rft.au=Chan%2C+Clara+S%3BFakra%2C+Sirine%3BDe+Stasio%2C+Gelsomina%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Clara&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algal mats; algal structures; biochemistry; biogenic structures; biomineralization; experimental studies; Grant County Wisconsin; hydroxides; lead ores; lead-zinc deposits; mechanism; metal ores; microorganisms; mines; neutrophilic microbes; oxides; oxyhydroxides; sedimentary structures; Tennyson Wisconsin; United States; Wisconsin; zinc ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil mineralogical control of aggregate-protected carbon in a mature secondary conifer forest in Northern California AN - 853218823; 2011-020513 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Rasmussen, Craig AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract B12E EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - forests KW - Spermatophyta KW - Plantae KW - aggregate KW - carbon sequestration KW - Gymnospermae KW - sinks KW - Coniferales KW - carbon dioxide KW - California KW - mineral composition KW - carbon KW - andesitic composition KW - chemical composition KW - Northern California KW - storage KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853218823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Soil+mineralogical+control+of+aggregate-protected+carbon+in+a+mature+secondary+conifer+forest+in+Northern+California&rft.au=Rasmussen%2C+Craig%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rasmussen&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aggregate; andesitic composition; California; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical composition; Coniferales; forests; Gymnospermae; mineral composition; Northern California; Plantae; sinks; soils; Spermatophyta; storage; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic variations in permafrost on the North Slope of Alaska AN - 742921588; 2010-060963 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Douglas, Thomas A AU - Woods, Katherine N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract C11E EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrates KW - permafrost KW - methane KW - oxygen KW - North Slope KW - gas hydrates KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - O-18/O-16 KW - alkanes KW - stable isotopes KW - carbon dioxide KW - organic compounds KW - boreholes KW - hydrogen KW - Hot Ice No 1 Borehole KW - carbon KW - Northern Alaska KW - hydrocarbons KW - Alaska KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742921588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Isotopic+variations+in+permafrost+on+the+North+Slope+of+Alaska&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Mark+E%3BDouglas%2C+Thomas+A%3BWoods%2C+Katherine+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; boreholes; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; gas hydrates; Hot Ice No 1 Borehole; hydrates; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; methane; North Slope; Northern Alaska; O-18/O-16; organic compounds; oxygen; permafrost; stable isotopes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indices for IEQ and building-related symptoms. AN - 71410035; 14636231 JF - Indoor air AU - Mendell, Mark J AD - Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 364 EP - 8; author reply 373-4 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Reference Values KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Sick Building Syndrome -- etiology KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71410035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Indices+for+IEQ+and+building-related+symptoms.&rft.au=Mendell%2C+Mark+J&rft.aulast=Mendell&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=364&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment On: Indoor Air. 2003 Dec;13(4):315-31 [14636226] Indoor Air. 2003 Dec;13(4):332-43 [14636227] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical studies of gas production from methane hydrates AN - 51864767; 2004-028798 AB - EOSHYDR2 is a new module for the TOUGH2 general-purpose simulator for multicomponent, multiphase fluid and heat flow in the subsurface. By solving the coupled equations of mass and heat balance, EOSHYDR2 can model the nonisothermal gas release, phase behavior, and flow of fluids and heat under conditions typical of common natural hydrate deposits (i.e., in permafrost and in deep ocean sediments) in complex formations, and it can describe binary hydrocarbon systems involving methane. EOSHYDR2 includes both an equilibrium and a kinetic model of hydrate formation and dissociation. The model accounts for up to four phases (gas phase, ice phase, and hydrate phase) and up to nine components (hydrate, water, native CH (sub 4) and CH (sub 4) from hydrate dissociation, a second native and dissociated hydrocarbon, salt, water-soluble inhibitors, and a heat pseudocomponent). The mass components are partitioned among the phase. The thermophysical properties of the various mass components can be described at temperatures as low as -110 degrees C. Dissociation, phase changes, and the corresponding thermal effects are fully described, as are the effects of salt and inhibitors. The model can describe all possible hydrate dissociation mechanisms (i.e., depressurization, thermal stimulation, salting-out effects, and inhibitor-induced effects). Results are presented for four test problems of increasing complexity that explore different mechanisms and strategies for production from typical CH (sub 4) -hydrate accumulations. The results of the test indicate that CH (sub 4) production from CH (sub 4) -hydrates could be technically feasible and has significant potential. In particular, thermal stimulation is capable of producing substantial amounts of hydrocarbons, and its effectiveness can be enhanced when coupled with depressurization and the use of inhibitors. JF - SPE Journal AU - Moridis, George J Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 359 EP - 370 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1086-055X, 1086-055X KW - petroleum engineering KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - data processing KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - simulation KW - production KW - energy balance KW - reservoir rocks KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mass balance KW - heat flow KW - stratigraphic units KW - thermochemical properties KW - liquid phase KW - methane KW - numerical models KW - properties KW - equations KW - alkanes KW - organic compounds KW - mathematical methods KW - hydrocarbons KW - testing KW - reservoir properties KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51864767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPE+Journal&rft.atitle=Numerical+studies+of+gas+production+from+methane+hydrates&rft.au=Moridis%2C+George+J&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SPE+Journal&rft.issn=1086055X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; data processing; energy balance; equations; fluid phase; gas hydrates; heat flow; hydrocarbons; liquid phase; mass balance; mathematical methods; methane; natural gas; numerical models; organic compounds; petroleum; petroleum engineering; production; properties; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; simulation; stratigraphic units; testing; thermochemical properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The mathematical model of nonequilibrium effects in water-oil displacement AN - 51859114; 2004-028803 AB - Forced oil-water displacement and spontaneous countercurrent imbibition are the crucial mechanisms of secondary oil recovery. Classical mathematical models of both these unsteady flows are based on the fundamental assumption of local phase equilibrium. Thus, the water and oil flows are assumed to be locally distributed over their flow paths similarly to steady flows. This assumption allows one to further assume that the relative phase permeabilities and the capillary pressure are universal functions of the local water saturation, which can be obtained from steady-state flow experiments. The last assumption leads to a mathematical model consisting of a closed system of equations for fluid flow properties (velocity, pressure) and water saturation. This model is currently used as a basis for numerical predictions of water-oil displacement. However, at the water front in the water-oil displacement, as well as in capillary imbibition, the characteristic times of both processes are, in general, comparable with the times of redistribution of flow paths between oil and water. Therefore, the nonequilibrium effects should be taken into account. We present here a refined and extended mathematical model for the nonequilibrium two-phase (e.g., water-oil) flows. The basic problem formulation, as well as the more specific equations, are given, and the results of comparison with an experiment are presented and discussed. JF - SPE Journal AU - Barenblatt, Grigory Isaakovich AU - Patzek, Tad W AU - Silin, Dmitry B Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 409 EP - 416 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1086-055X, 1086-055X KW - water KW - petroleum engineering KW - pressure KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - enhanced recovery KW - capillarity KW - properties KW - equations KW - displacements KW - equilibrium KW - reservoir rocks KW - models KW - imbibition KW - saturation KW - mathematical methods KW - velocity KW - secondary recovery KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51859114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPE+Journal&rft.atitle=The+mathematical+model+of+nonequilibrium+effects+in+water-oil+displacement&rft.au=Barenblatt%2C+Grigory+Isaakovich%3BPatzek%2C+Tad+W%3BSilin%2C+Dmitry+B&rft.aulast=Barenblatt&rft.aufirst=Grigory&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=409&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SPE+Journal&rft.issn=1086055X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillarity; displacements; enhanced recovery; equations; equilibrium; fluid phase; imbibition; mathematical methods; models; permeability; petroleum; petroleum engineering; pressure; properties; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saturation; secondary recovery; velocity; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater recharge AN - 51841968; 2004-043591 JF - Journal of the Geological Society of India AU - Narasimhan, T N Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 782 EP - 783 PB - Geological Society of India, Bangalore VL - 62 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7622, 0016-7622 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water supply KW - Santa Clara Valley KW - rainfall KW - agriculture KW - water management KW - San Jose California KW - India KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - California KW - recharge KW - Santa Clara County California KW - Indian Peninsula KW - conservation KW - drainage basins KW - Asia KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51841968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Geological+Society+of+India&rft.atitle=Groundwater+recharge&rft.au=Narasimhan%2C+T+N&rft.aulast=Narasimhan&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=782&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Geological+Society+of+India&rft.issn=00167622&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGSIAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; aquifers; Asia; California; conservation; drainage basins; ground water; hydrology; India; Indian Peninsula; land use; rainfall; recharge; San Jose California; Santa Clara County California; Santa Clara Valley; United States; water management; water resources; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multirate flowing fluid electric conductivity logging method AN - 51831995; 2004-053058 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Doughty, Christine Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 9 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - experimental studies KW - electrical conductivity KW - electrical logging KW - Darcy's law KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - boreholes KW - transmissivity KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51831995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Multirate+flowing+fluid+electric+conductivity+logging+method&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BDoughty%2C+Christine&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002308 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; Darcy's law; electrical conductivity; electrical logging; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; fractures; geophysical methods; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; measurement; permeability; porosity; solute transport; transmissivity; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002308 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon storage in coarse and fine clay fractions of illitic soils AN - 51812791; 2004-063188 AB - The storage of organic C in coarse (0.2-2 mu m) and fine (<0.2 mu m) clay fractions of illitic topsoils from loess was investigated in terms of the effect of particle size and mineral phase properties. We compared (i) C functional groups by (super 13) C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), (ii) the stable C isotope ratio (delta (super 13) C ratio) of organic pools, and (iii) residence time of C by (super 14) C analyses. To investigate relationships between C storage and the size of mineral surface area or the amount of hydrous oxides, specific surface areas (SSAs, BET-N (sub 2) method) and the content of dithionite-extractable Fe (Fe (sub d) ) were analyzed. The chemistry of the organic matter stored in clay subfractions was different. Compared with coarse clay, fine clay contained relatively (i) more ketonic/aldehyde, carboxyl and phenolic C, and (ii) less anomeric, O-alkyl, and methoxyl/N-alkyl C, and had (iii) a lower C content and C/N ratio and (iv) a higher 13C ratio. In 11 out of 14 fractions, C had turnover times of few centuries or less. In fine clay, the increase in SSA resulting from oxidation of organic matter explained 66% of the variation in C content, in coarse clay 97%. We calculated loadings of mineral surface area with C and Fe (sub d) . Carbon loading exceeded Fe (sub d) loading in coarse clay while it was of the same range in fine clay. The results may be interpreted as an indication that a certain portion of the mineral surface area controls the C content in both clay subfractions. The character of the important surface may differ between the subfractions. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal (Internet) AU - Kahle, M AU - Kleber, M AU - Torn, M S AU - Jahn, R Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1732 EP - 1739 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 67 IS - 6 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - silicates KW - iron oxides KW - C/N KW - size distribution KW - Argiustalfs KW - carbon KW - alcohols KW - organic carbon KW - soil profiles KW - clastic sediments KW - fines KW - C-13/C-12 KW - illite KW - Haplustolls KW - Alfisols KW - organic compounds KW - hydrous oxides KW - regression analysis KW - Mollisols KW - surface area KW - clay KW - topsoil KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - NMR spectra KW - iron KW - nitrogen KW - ethers KW - Argiustolls KW - radioactive isotopes KW - granular materials KW - functional groups KW - sediments KW - oxides KW - carbohydrates KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - chemical ratios KW - soils KW - esters KW - isotope ratios KW - physicochemical properties KW - grain size KW - statistical analysis KW - carboxyl groups KW - metals KW - residence time KW - sheet silicates KW - C-14 KW - amides KW - storage KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51812791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal+%28Internet%29&rft.atitle=Carbon+storage+in+coarse+and+fine+clay+fractions+of+illitic+soils&rft.au=Kahle%2C+M%3BKleber%2C+M%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BJahn%2C+R&rft.aulast=Kahle&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1732&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal+%28Internet%29&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://soil.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 24, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; Alfisols; amides; Argiustalfs; Argiustolls; C-13/C-12; C-14; C/N; carbohydrates; carbon; carboxyl groups; chemical ratios; clastic sediments; clay; esters; ethers; fines; functional groups; geochemistry; grain size; granular materials; Haplustolls; hydrous oxides; illite; iron; iron oxides; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; Mollisols; nitrogen; NMR spectra; organic carbon; organic compounds; oxides; physicochemical properties; radioactive isotopes; regression analysis; residence time; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; size distribution; soil profiles; soils; spectra; stable isotopes; statistical analysis; storage; surface area; topsoil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of elemental selenium to selenide; experiments with anoxic sediments and bacteria that respire Se-oxyanions AN - 51790478; 2004-078961 AB - A selenite-respiring bacterium, Bacillus selenitireducens, produced significant levels of Se(-II) (as aqueous HSe (super -) ) when supplied with Se(0). B. selenitireducens was also able to reduce selenite [Se(IV)] through Se(0) to Se (-II). Reduction of Se(0) by B. selenitireducens was more rapid in cells grown on colloidal sulfur [S(0)] or Se(IV) as their electron acceptor than for cell lines grown on fumarate. In contrast, three cultures of selenate-respiring bacteria, Sulfurospirillum barnesii, B. arsenicoselenatis, and Selenihalanaerobacter shriftii either were unable to reduce Se(0) to Se(-II) or had only a very limited capacity to achieve this reduction. Biological reduction of Se(0) to Se(-II) was observed during incubation of estuarine sediment slurries, while no such activity was noted in formalin-killed controls. The majority of the Se(-II) produced was found in the sediments as a solid precipitate of FeSe, rather than in solution as HSe (super -) . These results demonstrate that certain anaerobic bacteria have the capacity to reduce Se(0) to Se(-II), providing a possible biological explanation for the occurrence of the selenide species in some sedimentary rocks. JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Herbel, Mitchell J AU - Blum, Jodi Switzer AU - Oremland, Ronald S AU - Borglin, Sharon E Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 587 EP - 602 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - selenides KW - respiration KW - chemical elements KW - anions KW - selenium KW - geomicrobiology KW - biochemistry KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51790478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Reduction+of+elemental+selenium+to+selenide%3B+experiments+with+anoxic+sediments+and+bacteria+that+respire+Se-oxyanions&rft.au=Herbel%2C+Mitchell+J%3BBlum%2C+Jodi+Switzer%3BOremland%2C+Ronald+S%3BBorglin%2C+Sharon+E&rft.aulast=Herbel&rft.aufirst=Mitchell&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=587&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01490450390249505 L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722957~db=all LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEJODG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; anions; bacteria; biochemistry; chemical composition; chemical elements; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; microorganisms; reduction; respiration; sediments; selenides; selenium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490450390249505 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source-independent full-waveform inversion of seismic data AN - 51744786; 2005-018595 AB - A rigorous full-waveform inversion of seismic data has been a challenging subject, partly because of the lack of precise knowledge of the source. Since currently available approaches involve some form of approximations to the source, inversion results are subject to the quality and choice of the source information used. We propose a new full-waveform inversion methodology that does not involve source spectrum information. Thus, potential inversion errors from source estimation can be eliminated. A gather of seismic traces is first Fourier transformed into the frequency domain, and a normalized wavefield is obtained for each trace in the frequency domain. Normalization is done with respect to the frequency response of a reference trace selected from the gather, so the complex-valued normalized wavefield is dimensionless. The source spectrum is eliminated during the normalization procedure. With its source spectrum eliminated, the normalized wavefield lets us construct an inversion algorithm without the source information. The inversion algorithm minimizes misfits between a measured normalized wavefield and a numerically computed normalized wavefield. The proposed approach has been demonstrated successfully using a simple 2D scalar problem. JF - Geophysics AU - Lee, Ki Ha AU - Kim, Hee Joon Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 2010 EP - 2015 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 68 IS - 6 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - inverse problem KW - waveforms KW - wave fields KW - two-dimensional models KW - seismic methods KW - boreholes KW - Fourier analysis KW - velocity structure KW - velocity KW - algorithms KW - faults KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51744786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Source-independent+full-waveform+inversion+of+seismic+data&rft.au=Lee%2C+Ki+Ha%3BKim%2C+Hee+Joon&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Ki&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2010&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1635054 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; boreholes; data processing; faults; Fourier analysis; geophysical methods; inverse problem; seismic methods; two-dimensional models; velocity; velocity structure; wave fields; waveforms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1635054 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled modeling of time-lapse change in seismic propagation and permeability in fractured reservoirs due to fluid injection AN - 51460641; 2007-038111 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Schoenberg, Michael A AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Nihei, Kurt T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1086 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - petroleum engineering KW - finite difference analysis KW - stiffness KW - coupling KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - elastic waves KW - fracturing KW - reservoir rocks KW - finite element analysis KW - spatial variations KW - fluid injection KW - pore pressure KW - movement KW - time-lapse methods KW - propagation KW - geophysical methods KW - properties KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - reservoir properties KW - temporal distribution KW - seismic waves KW - permeability KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51460641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Coupled+modeling+of+time-lapse+change+in+seismic+propagation+and+permeability+in+fractured+reservoirs+due+to+fluid+injection&rft.au=Daley%2C+Thomas+M%3BSchoenberg%2C+Michael+A%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BNihei%2C+Kurt+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1086&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coupling; elastic waves; finite difference analysis; finite element analysis; fluid injection; fluid phase; fracturing; geophysical methods; models; movement; permeability; petroleum; petroleum engineering; pore pressure; propagation; properties; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; seismic methods; seismic waves; spatial variations; stiffness; temporal distribution; time-lapse methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical seismic studies of fault detection in geothermal reservoirs AN - 51445265; 2007-045983 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Gritto, Roland AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract S52E EP - 0171 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - numerical models KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - elastic waves KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - attenuation KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - detection KW - seismicity KW - propagation KW - tectonics KW - seismic waves KW - faults KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51445265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Numerical+seismic+studies+of+fault+detection+in+geothermal+reservoirs&rft.au=Gritto%2C+Roland%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gritto&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; body waves; detection; elastic waves; faults; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; geothermal reservoirs; models; numerical models; P-waves; propagation; seismic methods; seismic waves; seismicity; tectonics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing a methodology for imaging stress transients at seismogenic depth AN - 51432434; 2007-060420 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Valette-Silver, Nathalie AU - Silver, Paul G AU - Niu, Fenglin AU - Daley, Tom AU - Majer, E L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract T51A EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - imagery KW - experimental studies KW - Earth tides KW - stress KW - elastic waves KW - calibration KW - fractures KW - velocity structure KW - traveltime KW - algorithms KW - uncertainty KW - crust KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51432434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Developing+a+methodology+for+imaging+stress+transients+at+seismogenic+depth&rft.au=Valette-Silver%2C+Nathalie%3BSilver%2C+Paul+G%3BNiu%2C+Fenglin%3BDaley%2C+Tom%3BMajer%2C+E+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Valette-Silver&rft.aufirst=Nathalie&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; calibration; crust; Earth tides; elastic waves; experimental studies; fractures; imagery; stress; traveltime; uncertainty; velocity structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring the timescales of sediment production, transport, and deposition; U-234 sediment comminution ages AN - 51421086; 2007-060638 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Maher, Katherine AU - Christensen, John N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - F1482 EP - F1483 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - sediment transport KW - isotopes KW - erosion KW - clastic sediments KW - Leg 162 KW - isotope ratios KW - recoil effect KW - time scales KW - provenance KW - radioactive isotopes KW - deposition KW - comminution ages KW - metals KW - diagenesis KW - U-234 KW - sediments KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-234 KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - actinides KW - ODP Site 984 KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51421086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Measuring+the+timescales+of+sediment+production%2C+transport%2C+and+deposition%3B+U-234+sediment+comminution+ages&rft.au=DePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BMaher%2C+Katherine%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DePaolo&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1482&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; clastic sediments; comminution ages; deposition; diagenesis; erosion; isotope ratios; isotopes; Leg 162; metals; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP Site 984; provenance; radioactive isotopes; recoil effect; sediment transport; sediments; time scales; U-234; U-238/U-234; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asperity model of an earthquake AN - 51382757; 2007-093444 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Johnson, Lane R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract S12F EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - asperities KW - slip rates KW - elastic waves KW - frequency domain analysis KW - models KW - cracks KW - seismicity KW - dynamics KW - time domain analysis KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - active faults KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51382757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Asperity+model+of+an+earthquake&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Lane+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Lane&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active faults; asperities; cracks; dynamics; earthquakes; elastic waves; faults; frequency domain analysis; models; propagation; seismic waves; seismicity; slip rates; time domain analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neutron irradiation using a deuteron-deuteron (D-D) fusion source; benefits for (super 40) Ar/ (super 39) Ar dating AN - 51373132; 2007-105409 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Renne, Paul R AU - Knight, Kim B AU - Nomade, Sebastien AU - Leung, Ka-Ngo AU - Lou, Tak-Pui AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract V32C EP - 1042 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - methods KW - Ar/Ar KW - irradiation KW - deuterons KW - neutrons KW - geochronology KW - absolute age KW - fusion KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51373132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Neutron+irradiation+using+a+deuteron-deuteron+%28D-D%29+fusion+source%3B+benefits+for+%28super+40%29+Ar%2F+%28super+39%29+Ar+dating&rft.au=Renne%2C+Paul+R%3BKnight%2C+Kim+B%3BNomade%2C+Sebastien%3BLeung%2C+Ka-Ngo%3BLou%2C+Tak-Pui%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Renne&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Ar/Ar; deuterons; fusion; geochronology; irradiation; methods; neutrons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Melange as a plate boundary rock and its seismogenic roof thrust; an example from the Shimanto Belt, Japan AN - 51360034; 2007-063840 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Kitamura, Yujin AU - Sato, Katsushi AU - Ikesawa, Eisei AU - Ikeara-Ohmori, Kotoe AU - Kimura, Gaku AU - Kondo, Hideki AU - Ujiie, Kohtaro AU - Onishi, Celia Tiemi AU - Kawabata, Kuniyo AU - Hashimoto, Yoshitaka AU - Mukoyoshi, Hideki AU - Masago, Hideki AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract T52C EP - 0300 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Far East KW - plate boundaries KW - boundary faults KW - pseudotachylite KW - mylonites KW - plate tectonics KW - western Shikoku KW - trenches KW - paleotemperature KW - Mugi Melange KW - folds KW - vitrinite reflectance KW - metamorphic rocks KW - sediments KW - Shimanto Belt KW - ocean floors KW - Asia KW - Japan KW - faults KW - Shikoku KW - melange KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51360034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Melange+as+a+plate+boundary+rock+and+its+seismogenic+roof+thrust%3B+an+example+from+the+Shimanto+Belt%2C+Japan&rft.au=Kitamura%2C+Yujin%3BSato%2C+Katsushi%3BIkesawa%2C+Eisei%3BIkeara-Ohmori%2C+Kotoe%3BKimura%2C+Gaku%3BKondo%2C+Hideki%3BUjiie%2C+Kohtaro%3BOnishi%2C+Celia+Tiemi%3BKawabata%2C+Kuniyo%3BHashimoto%2C+Yoshitaka%3BMukoyoshi%2C+Hideki%3BMasago%2C+Hideki%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kitamura&rft.aufirst=Yujin&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; boundary faults; Far East; faults; folds; Japan; melange; metamorphic rocks; Mugi Melange; mylonites; ocean floors; paleotemperature; plate boundaries; plate tectonics; pseudotachylite; sediments; Shikoku; Shimanto Belt; trenches; vitrinite reflectance; western Shikoku ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detail structure of San Andreas Fault jog in Cholame Valley from small-scale topography and seismic data AN - 51284187; 2008-027401 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Korneev (Korneyev), Valeri AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract 21E EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - orientation KW - geophysical surveys KW - Cholame Valley KW - Central California KW - geophysical methods KW - seismic methods KW - California KW - topography KW - seismicity KW - San Andreas Fault KW - Monterey County California KW - surveys KW - Parkfield California KW - tectonics KW - faults KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51284187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Detail+structure+of+San+Andreas+Fault+jog+in+Cholame+Valley+from+small-scale+topography+and+seismic+data&rft.au=Korneev+%28Korneyev%29%2C+Valeri%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Korneev+%28Korneyev%29&rft.aufirst=Valeri&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Central California; Cholame Valley; faults; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Monterey County California; orientation; Parkfield California; San Andreas Fault; seismic methods; seismicity; surveys; tectonics; topography; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Faulting plumbing; spring response to creep on the Hayward Fault AN - 51282834; 2008-027352 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Manga, Michael AU - Rowland, Joel C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract T12E EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - California KW - creep KW - Central California KW - Hayward Fault KW - springs KW - tectonics KW - geochemistry KW - faults KW - thermal waters KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51282834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Faulting+plumbing%3B+spring+response+to+creep+on+the+Hayward+Fault&rft.au=Manga%2C+Michael%3BRowland%2C+Joel+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Manga&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Central California; creep; faults; geochemistry; Hayward Fault; springs; tectonics; thermal waters; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracing the sources and history of subsurface contamination at the Hanford Site in Washington using high-precision uranium isotopic measurements AN - 51255047; 2008-063469 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Christensen, John N AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Maher, Kate AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - plumes KW - Washington KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-234 KW - U-238/U-235 KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51255047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Tracing+the+sources+and+history+of+subsurface+contamination+at+the+Hanford+Site+in+Washington+using+high-precision+uranium+isotopic+measurements&rft.au=Christensen%2C+John+N%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMaher%2C+Kate%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; contaminant plumes; ground water; Hanford Site; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; plumes; pollution; radioactive isotopes; U-238/U-234; U-238/U-235; United States; uranium; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating remediation of CO (sub 2) leakage from geological storage sites AN - 51253278; 2008-063508 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhang, Y AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Benson, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - underground storage KW - finite difference analysis KW - pumping KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - remediation KW - gases KW - carbon dioxide KW - gas injection KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - greenhouse effect KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51253278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Simulating+remediation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+leakage+from+geological+storage+sites&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Y%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BBenson%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F677&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; data processing; digital simulation; finite difference analysis; gas injection; gases; greenhouse effect; mathematical models; numerical models; pumping; remediation; transport; underground storage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating CO (sub 2) leakage and seepage from geologic carbon sequestration sites; implications for near-surface monitoring AN - 51252739; 2008-063510 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Lewicki, Jennifer L AU - Zhang, Yingqi AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - photosynthesis KW - Plantae KW - carbon sequestration KW - underground storage KW - photochemistry KW - data processing KW - seepage KW - carbon dioxide KW - gas injection KW - digital simulation KW - ecology KW - greenhouse effect KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51252739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Simulating+CO+%28sub+2%29+leakage+and+seepage+from+geologic+carbon+sequestration+sites%3B+implications+for+near-surface+monitoring&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BLewicki%2C+Jennifer+L%3BZhang%2C+Yingqi%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F677&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; data processing; digital simulation; ecology; gas injection; greenhouse effect; photochemistry; photosynthesis; Plantae; seepage; underground storage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A coupled inversion of pressure and surface displacement AN - 51248241; 2008-068655 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Vasco, Donald W AU - Karasaki, Kenzi AU - Kishida, Kiyoshi AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - abstract G41A EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - pressure KW - tilt KW - inverse problem KW - fluid dynamics KW - displacements KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - California KW - Raymond Field KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - faults KW - fault zones KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51248241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+coupled+inversion+of+pressure+and+surface+displacement&rft.au=Vasco%2C+Donald+W%3BKarasaki%2C+Kenzi%3BKishida%2C+Kiyoshi%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; displacements; fault zones; faults; fluid dynamics; inverse problem; measurement; permeability; porosity; pressure; Raymond Field; reservoir properties; tilt; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a model for coupled multiphase fluid flow, heat transport, and mechanical deformation to surface deformations associated with volcanic activities AN - 51247524; 2008-068672 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Jonny, Rutqvist AU - Todesco, Micol AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - abstract G42A EP - 0044 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Phlegraean Fields KW - numerical models KW - Europe KW - fluid dynamics KW - deformation KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - Campania Italy KW - volcanism KW - eruptions KW - volcanoes KW - applications KW - crust KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51247524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+model+for+coupled+multiphase+fluid+flow%2C+heat+transport%2C+and+mechanical+deformation+to+surface+deformations+associated+with+volcanic+activities&rft.au=Jonny%2C+Rutqvist%3BTodesco%2C+Micol%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jonny&rft.aufirst=Rutqvist&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; Campania Italy; crust; deformation; eruptions; Europe; fluid dynamics; hydrothermal conditions; Italy; numerical models; Phlegraean Fields; Southern Europe; volcanism; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permeable image using surface deformation and pore pressure through modeling tests AN - 51247480; 2008-068670 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Kishida, Kiyoshi AU - Karasaki, Kenzi AU - Vasco, Donald W AU - Adachi, Toshihisa AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - abstract G42A EP - 0042 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - compaction KW - drawdown KW - monitoring KW - tilt KW - engineering properties KW - pore pressure KW - inverse problem KW - deformation KW - slope stability KW - permeability KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51247480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Permeable+image+using+surface+deformation+and+pore+pressure+through+modeling+tests&rft.au=Kishida%2C+Kiyoshi%3BKarasaki%2C+Kenzi%3BVasco%2C+Donald+W%3BAdachi%2C+Toshihisa%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kishida&rft.aufirst=Kiyoshi&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - compaction; deformation; drawdown; engineering properties; inverse problem; monitoring; permeability; pore pressure; slope stability; tilt ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decovalex; an international cooperative research project on coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical processes in fractured rocks AN - 51240817; 2008-070232 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract H51H EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - models KW - fractured materials KW - fractures KW - engineering properties KW - international cooperation KW - hydrodynamics KW - mechanical properties KW - algorithms KW - DECOVALEX KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51240817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Decovalex%3B+an+international+cooperative+research+project+on+coupled+thermo-hydro-mechanical+processes+in+fractured+rocks&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.decovalex.com LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; DECOVALEX; engineering properties; fractured materials; fractures; hydrodynamics; international cooperation; mechanical properties; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical characterization and monitoring for the Frio pilot test AN - 51091068; 2008-080857 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Myer, Larry R AU - Hovorka, Susan D AU - Hoversten, G Mike AU - Fouad, Khaled AU - Holtz, Mark AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - three-dimensional models KW - salt domes KW - reclamation KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - Frio Formation KW - coupling KW - Texas KW - petroleum KW - Paleogene KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - measurement KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - saturation KW - brines KW - interpretation KW - Anahuac Shale KW - Oligocene KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51091068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geophysical+characterization+and+monitoring+for+the+Frio+pilot+test&rft.au=Myer%2C+Larry+R%3BHovorka%2C+Susan+D%3BHoversten%2C+G+Mike%3BFouad%2C+Khaled%3BHoltz%2C+Mark%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Myer&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anahuac Shale; brines; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; coupling; Frio Formation; geophysical methods; injection; interpretation; measurement; oil and gas fields; Oligocene; Paleogene; petroleum; reclamation; salt domes; saturation; seismic methods; Tertiary; Texas; three-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geologic sequestration of CO2 and associated H2S and SO2 in bedded sandstone-shale sequences AN - 51085912; 2008-080871 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Apps, John A AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - sulfur dioxide KW - carbon sequestration KW - gaseous phase KW - shale KW - human activity KW - injection KW - sandstone KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - fluid dynamics KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - environmental management KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - acidic composition KW - greenhouse gases KW - clastic rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51085912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Geologic+sequestration+of+CO2+and+associated+H2S+and+SO2+in+bedded+sandstone-shale+sequences&rft.au=Xu%2C+Tianfu%3BApps%2C+John+A%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Tianfu&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F570&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; aquifers; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; environmental management; fluid dynamics; gaseous phase; greenhouse gases; Gulf Coastal Plain; human activity; hydrogen sulfide; injection; pollution; reservoir rocks; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; shale; sulfur dioxide; Texas; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of citric acid on the oxidation of organic contaminants by Fenton's reagent AN - 51004255; 2008-086773 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Seol, Yongkoo AU - Javandel, Iraj AU - Lee, Giehyon AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract H51C EP - 1053 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - acids KW - waste water KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - citric acid KW - hydrochemistry KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - reagents KW - decontamination KW - soil pollution KW - volatile organic compounds KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - Fenton's reagent KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51004255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+citric+acid+on+the+oxidation+of+organic+contaminants+by+Fenton%27s+reagent&rft.au=Seol%2C+Yongkoo%3BJavandel%2C+Iraj%3BLee%2C+Giehyon%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Seol&rft.aufirst=Yongkoo&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 19, 2008 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acids; citric acid; decontamination; experimental studies; Fenton's reagent; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; organic acids; organic compounds; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; reagents; remediation; soil pollution; soils; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste water; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron at the L-edge; spectromicroscopy of Fe minerals and Fe oxidizing bacteria AN - 50868642; 2008-080894 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - De Stasio, Gelsomina Pupa AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Chan, Clara S AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - Abstract GP11B EP - 0263 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - biomineralization KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - Tennyson Wisconsin KW - sampling KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - spectra KW - Grant County Wisconsin KW - Wisconsin KW - crystal chemistry KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50868642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Iron+at+the+L-edge%3B+spectromicroscopy+of+Fe+minerals+and+Fe+oxidizing+bacteria&rft.au=De+Stasio%2C+Gelsomina+Pupa%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BChan%2C+Clara+S%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=De+Stasio&rft.aufirst=Gelsomina&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biomineralization; crystal chemistry; geochemistry; Grant County Wisconsin; iron; metals; sampling; spectra; Tennyson Wisconsin; United States; Wisconsin; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fingering and intermittent flow in unsaturated fractured porous media AN - 50862538; 2008-096649 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Or, Dani AU - Ghezzehei, Teamrat A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - models KW - fractured materials KW - fragmentation KW - steady flow KW - movement KW - unsaturated zone KW - porous materials KW - preferential flow KW - discharge KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50862538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Fingering+and+intermittent+flow+in+unsaturated+fractured+porous+media&rft.au=Or%2C+Dani%3BGhezzehei%2C+Teamrat+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Or&rft.aufirst=Dani&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F654&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - discharge; fractured materials; fragmentation; ground water; models; movement; porous materials; preferential flow; steady flow; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel approach to modeling of hydrogeologic systems using fuzzy differential equations AN - 50860626; 2008-096616 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Faybishenko, Boris A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - hydrology KW - Darcy's law KW - unsaturated zone KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - hydrogeology KW - equations KW - aquifers KW - models KW - fuzzy logic KW - stochastic processes KW - saturation KW - Richards equation KW - uncertainty KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50860626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+novel+approach+to+modeling+of+hydrogeologic+systems+using+fuzzy+differential+equations&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+Boris+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F609&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Darcy's law; equations; fuzzy logic; hydrogeology; hydrology; mathematical models; models; porous materials; Richards equation; saturation; stochastic processes; uncertainty; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of laboratory data and theoretical predications of P-wave transmission through NAPL/water mixtures in unconsolidated porous media AN - 50859766; 2008-094635 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Geller, Jil T AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tomography KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - elastic waves KW - seismic tomography KW - seismic methods KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - laboratory studies KW - attenuation KW - theoretical models KW - unconsolidated materials KW - seismic waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50859766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+laboratory+data+and+theoretical+predications+of+P-wave+transmission+through+NAPL%2Fwater+mixtures+in+unconsolidated+porous+media&rft.au=Geller%2C+Jil+T%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Geller&rft.aufirst=Jil&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; attenuation; body waves; detection limit; elastic waves; experimental studies; geophysical methods; ground water; laboratory studies; nonaqueous phase liquids; P-waves; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; seismic methods; seismic tomography; seismic waves; theoretical models; tomography; toxic materials; unconsolidated materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-linear, Bayesian hydrogeophysical inversion in the vadose zone AN - 50857821; 2008-096671 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hou, Zhangshuan AU - Rubin, Yoram AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - van-Genuchten-Mualem model KW - United States KW - soils KW - Bayesian analysis KW - moisture KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - porosity KW - Napa Valley KW - ground water KW - models KW - California KW - stochastic processes KW - Richards equation KW - water content KW - probability KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - probability density functions KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50857821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Non-linear%2C+Bayesian+hydrogeophysical+inversion+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Hou%2C+Zhangshuan%3BRubin%2C+Yoram%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hou&rft.aufirst=Zhangshuan&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F660&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bayesian analysis; California; geophysical methods; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; models; moisture; Napa Valley; porosity; probability; probability density functions; Richards equation; soils; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; United States; unsaturated zone; van-Genuchten-Mualem model; water content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale numerical investigations of 2-phase displacement including buoyancy forces AN - 50856384; 2008-096698 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Benito, Pascual H AU - Patzek, Tadeusz W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - statistical analysis KW - porous materials KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - buoyancy KW - saturation KW - percolation KW - fractals KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50856384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+numerical+investigations+of+2-phase+displacement+including+buoyancy+forces&rft.au=Benito%2C+Pascual+H%3BPatzek%2C+Tadeusz+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Benito&rft.aufirst=Pascual&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buoyancy; capillary pressure; fractals; geometry; ground water; numerical models; percolation; permeability; porous materials; saturation; simulation; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wave propagation through porous media containing two immiscible fluids AN - 50656485; 2008-063502 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lo, Wei-Cheng AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - liquid phase KW - numerical analysis KW - porous materials KW - elastic waves KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - California KW - saturation KW - immiscibility KW - propagation KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50656485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Wave+propagation+through+porous+media+containing+two+immiscible+fluids&rft.au=Lo%2C+Wei-Cheng%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lo&rft.aufirst=Wei-Cheng&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F675&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; elastic waves; ground water; immiscibility; liquid phase; numerical analysis; pore water; porous materials; preferential flow; propagation; saturation; soils; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of flow parameters using crosshole GPR travel times and hydrological data collected during transient flow experiments AN - 50560988; 2008-131286 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Kowalsky, Michael B AU - Rubin, Yoram AU - Peterson, John AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - models KW - experimental studies KW - transient phenomena KW - saturation KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - crosshole methods KW - traveltime KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - permeability KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50560988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+flow+parameters+using+crosshole+GPR+travel+times+and+hydrological+data+collected+during+transient+flow+experiments&rft.au=Kowalsky%2C+Michael+B%3BRubin%2C+Yoram%3BPeterson%2C+John%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kowalsky&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F632&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crosshole methods; experimental studies; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; models; permeability; radar methods; saturation; transient phenomena; traveltime; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydraulic conductivity dependency of biodegradation of fuel hydrocarbon contaminants in a natural attenuation field site AN - 50556844; 2008-131228 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Lu, Guoping AU - Zheng, Chunmiao AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - models KW - biodegradation KW - organic compounds KW - pollutants KW - natural attenuation KW - hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - neural networks KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50556844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Hydraulic+conductivity+dependency+of+biodegradation+of+fuel+hydrocarbon+contaminants+in+a+natural+attenuation+field+site&rft.au=Lu%2C+Guoping%3BZheng%2C+Chunmiao%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Guoping&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F622&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; models; natural attenuation; neural networks; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of transport through a fault using transfer functions AN - 50556328; 2008-131221 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Su, Grace W AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - welded tuff KW - igneous rocks KW - waste disposal sites KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - Miocene KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - transfer functions KW - Tertiary KW - transport KW - saturation KW - Neogene KW - tracers KW - Yucca Mountain KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - faults KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50556328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+transport+through+a+fault+using+transfer+functions&rft.au=Su%2C+Grace+W%3BSalve%2C+Rohit%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Grace&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; faults; fractured materials; igneous rocks; Miocene; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; permeability; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; saturation; seepage; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; tracers; transfer functions; transport; United States; volcanic rocks; waste disposal sites; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vapor-phase transport in the near-drift environment at Yucca Mountain AN - 50555582; 2008-131216 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - gaseous phase KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - radioactive waste KW - fractures KW - transport KW - theoretical models KW - near-drift environment KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50555582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Vapor-phase+transport+in+the+near-drift+environment+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Salve%2C+Rohit%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=Rohit&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F620&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fractures; gaseous phase; near-drift environment; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; radioactive waste; seepage; theoretical models; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeological characterization of sedimentary rocks with numerical inversion using steady-state hydraulic head data AN - 50550205; 2009-002272 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ito, Kazumasa AU - Karasaki, Kenzi AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Far East KW - numerical models KW - characterization KW - mathematical models KW - inverse problem KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - hydraulic head KW - boreholes KW - mathematical methods KW - steady-state processes KW - cap rocks KW - hydrodynamics KW - Asia KW - Japan KW - faults KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50550205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Hydrogeological+characterization+of+sedimentary+rocks+with+numerical+inversion+using+steady-state+hydraulic+head+data&rft.au=Ito%2C+Kazumasa%3BKarasaki%2C+Kenzi%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ito&rft.aufirst=Kazumasa&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; boreholes; cap rocks; case studies; characterization; Far East; faults; ground water; hydraulic head; hydrodynamics; inverse problem; Japan; mathematical methods; mathematical models; numerical models; sedimentary rocks; steady-state processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a coupled land surface and ground water model for use in watershed management AN - 50547224; 2009-002265 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Maxwell, Reed M AU - Miller, Norman L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - development KW - moisture KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - water balance KW - ground water KW - models KW - snow KW - runoff KW - basin management KW - water resources KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50547224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+coupled+land+surface+and+ground+water+model+for+use+in+watershed+management&rft.au=Maxwell%2C+Reed+M%3BMiller%2C+Norman+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Maxwell&rft.aufirst=Reed&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basin management; development; ground water; hydrology; models; moisture; numerical models; pore water; runoff; snow; soils; surface water; water balance; water resources; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of heterogeneity structure on estimation uncertainty for a calibrated seepage model AN - 50546171; 2009-002281 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Ghezzehei, Teamrat A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - inverse problem KW - calibration KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - hydrodynamics KW - probability KW - percolation KW - heterogeneity KW - uncertainty KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50546171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Effect+of+heterogeneity+structure+on+estimation+uncertainty+for+a+calibrated+seepage+model&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+Stefan%3BGhezzehei%2C+Teamrat+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; ground water; heterogeneity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; inverse problem; numerical models; percolation; permeability; probability; seepage; statistical analysis; uncertainty ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mountain-scale transport of radioactive solutes and colloids through the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 50546059; 2009-002255 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Moridis, George J AU - Seol, Yongkoo AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 84 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - colloidal materials KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Nye County Nevada KW - ground water KW - Nevada Test Site KW - fractures KW - mountains KW - radioactive isotopes KW - filtration KW - Yucca Mountain KW - water pollution KW - underground disposal KW - pore water KW - Nevada KW - faults KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50546059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Mountain-scale+transport+of+radioactive+solutes+and+colloids+through+the+unsaturated+zone+of+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Moridis%2C+George+J%3BSeol%2C+Yongkoo%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F590&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2003 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - colloidal materials; faults; filtration; fractures; ground water; isotopes; mountains; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; Nye County Nevada; pollutants; pollution; pore water; radioactive isotopes; solute transport; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal sites; water pollution; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of halide leaching on super(36)Cl studies at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 19239725; 5802120 AB - Chlorine 36 was generated from nuclear tests in the 1950s and 1960s and has been used to identify fast flow paths at Yucca Mountain, the proposed repository for high-level nuclear waste [Fabryka-Martin et al. 1997, 1998]. Bomb pulse super(36)Cl, brought into the subsurface by infiltrating rainwater, presumably resides along fracture surfaces because of the extremely low rock matrix permeability. However, leaching a rock sample to extract this salt inevitably extracts pore water chloride (Cl) and rock matrix chloride, thereby making it difficult to obtain reproducible measurements or detect the specific bomb pulse signatures. Complexities introduced by these sources of older chloride include dilution of bomb pulse super(36)Cl/Cl ratios for samples from strata with a high Cl concentration, variations in measured ratios as a function of leaching time, rock chip size, and the differing effects of active leaching from those of passive leaching. This work provides both a conceptual model and a mathematical solution for the leaching processes and examines the role of sample leaching in the super(36)Cl studies of Yucca Mountain rocks. An analytical solution is derived for the diffusion of Cl and super(36)Cl in composite media (rock matrix and water) to accommodate variable diffusivity. This solution is subsequently used to develop a leaching model that takes into account bomb pulse signal, matrix pore water, and relatively hard to leach components (isolated fluid inclusion and mineral boundary salts). The model is then applied to samples from stratigraphic units at Yucca Mountain to obtain leachate concentrations from different setup methods (protocols), including duration, chip size, and gravitational settling of the water-rock mixture. The model results show that the probability of detecting a super(36)Cl/Cl bomb pulse signal is severely diminished under longer leaching times and smaller rock fragment sizes and that leaching times of 1 to 10 hours are most likely to be successful in detecting a bomb pulse signal. Bomb pulse super(36)Cl/Cl ratios are more likely to be observed if pore water Cl concentrations were initially low prior to the introduction of bomb pulse carrying water. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Lu, G AU - Sonnenthal, EL AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 39 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. 1361 KW - chlorine 36 KW - Cl KW - leaching KW - bomb pulse KW - diffusion KW - porosity KW - tortuosity KW - Yucca Mountain KW - 1010 Geochemistry: Chemical evolution KW - 1040 Geochemistry: Isotopic composition/chemistry KW - 3210 Mathematical Geophysics: Modeling KW - Leaching KW - Groundwater flow KW - Chlorides KW - Model Studies KW - Solutes KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Solute Transport KW - Analytical Methods KW - Isotopic Tracers KW - Nuclear explosions KW - Nuclear Explosions KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Data Interpretation KW - Optimization KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19239725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Implications+of+halide+leaching+on+super%2836%29Cl+studies+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Lu%2C+G%3BSonnenthal%2C+EL%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002546 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solutes; Leaching; Groundwater flow; Chlorides; Nuclear explosions; Optimization; Mathematical Studies; Analytical Methods; Solute Transport; Isotopic Tracers; Nuclear Explosions; Data Interpretation; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002546 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A probabilistic analysis of episodic preferential flow into superheated fractured rock AN - 19227692; 5786245 AB - The amount of water seeping into waste emplacement tunnels is important for the long-term performance of the proposed geologic nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The repository site is located in thick, partially saturated fractured tuff that will be heated to above-boiling temperatures as a result of heat generation from the decay of nuclear waste. Since water infiltrating down towards the repository will be subject to vigorous boiling for a significant time period, the superheated zone (i.e. rock temperature above the boiling point of water) may form an effective vaporization barrier that reduces the possibility of water arrival at emplacement drifts. In this paper, we analyze the behavior of episodic preferential flow events that penetrate down into the hot fractured rock zone, and evaluate the impact of such flow behavior on the effectiveness of the vaporization barrier. The characteristic features of episodic preferential flow are estimated from laboratory experiments and described by appropriate probability distributions. A semi-analytical solution is utilized to determine the complex flow processes in the hot rock environment. The solution is applied at several discrete times after emplacement, in order to cover the time period of strongly elevated temperatures at Yucca Mountain. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Ho, C K AD - Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, jtbirkholzer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - December 2003 SP - 151 EP - 173 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 284 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Finger flow KW - Unsaturated KW - Fractured rock KW - Thermal KW - Hydrological KW - Vaporization KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Experimental Data KW - Probability Distribution KW - Hydrogeology KW - Groundwater flow KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Radioactive Waste Disposal KW - Heating KW - Underground Waste Disposal KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Geohydrology KW - Preferential Flow KW - Groundwater Movement KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19227692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=A+probabilistic+analysis+of+episodic+preferential+flow+into+superheated+fractured+rock&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+J+T%3BHo%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=284&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2003.07.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vaporization; Heating; Radioactive Waste Disposal; Distribution (Mathematical); Groundwater flow; Hydrogeology; Experimental Data; Geologic Fractures; Mathematical Studies; Probability Distribution; Underground Waste Disposal; Geohydrology; Preferential Flow; Groundwater Movement DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.07.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of laser-polarized super(129)xe to biomolecular assays AN - 19222336; 5805422 AB - The chemical shift sensitivity and significant signal enhancement afforded by laser-polarized super(129)Xe have motivated the application of super(129)Xe NMR to biological imaging and spectroscopy. Recent research done by our group has used laser-polarized super(129)Xe in biomolecular assays that detect ligand-binding events and distinguish protein conformations. The successful application of unfunctionalized and functionalized super(129)Xe NMR to in vitro biomolecular assays suggests the potential future use of a functionalized xenon biosensor for in vivo imaging. JF - Magnetic Resonance Imaging AU - Lowery, T J AU - Rubin, S M AU - Ruiz, E J AU - Spence, M M AU - Winssinger, N AU - Schultz, P G AU - Pines, A AU - Wemmer, DE AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, DEWemmer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 1235 EP - 1239 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 21 IS - 10 SN - 0730-725X, 0730-725X KW - xenon KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biosensors KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - Image processing KW - N.M.R. KW - Lasers KW - Polarization KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19222336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magnetic+Resonance+Imaging&rft.atitle=Applications+of+laser-polarized+super%28129%29xe+to+biomolecular+assays&rft.au=Lowery%2C+T+J%3BRubin%2C+S+M%3BRuiz%2C+E+J%3BSpence%2C+M+M%3BWinssinger%2C+N%3BSchultz%2C+P+G%3BPines%2C+A%3BWemmer%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Lowery&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Magnetic+Resonance+Imaging&rft.issn=0730725X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mri.2003.08.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lasers; Polarization; N.M.R.; Biosensors; Image processing; Magnetic resonance imaging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mri.2003.08.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crack blunting, crack bridging and resistance-curve fracture mechanics in dentin: Effect of hydration AN - 19155429; 5743582 AB - Few studies have focused on a description of the fracture toughness properties of dentin in terms of resistance-curve (R-curve) behavior, i.e. fracture resistance increasing with crack extension, particularly in light of the relevant toughening mechanisms involved. Accordingly, in the present study, fracture mechanics based experiments were conducted on elephant dentin in order to determine such R-curves, to identify the salient toughening mechanisms and to discern how hydration may affect their potency. Crack bridging by uncracked ligaments, observed directly by microscopy and X-ray tomography, was identified as a major toughening mechanism, with further experimental evidence provided by compliance-based experiments. In addition, with hydration, dentin was observed to display significant crack blunting leading to a higher overall fracture resistance than in the dehydrated material. The results of this work are deemed to be of importance from the perspective of modeling the fracture behavior of dentin and in predicting its failure in vivo. JF - Biomaterials AU - Kruzic, J J AU - Nalla, R K AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, MC, roritchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 5209 EP - 5221 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 24 IS - 28 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Hydration KW - Dentin KW - Ligaments KW - Biomaterials KW - Fractures KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19155429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Crack+blunting%2C+crack+bridging+and+resistance-curve+fracture+mechanics+in+dentin%3A+Effect+of+hydration&rft.au=Kruzic%2C+J+J%3BNalla%2C+R+K%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Kruzic&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=28&rft.spage=5209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0142-9612%2803%2900458-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fractures; Hydration; Dentin; Mechanical properties; Ligaments; Biomaterials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00458-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The transformation of outdoor ammonium nitrate aerosols in the indoor environment AN - 16168582; 5785783 AB - Recent studies associate particulate air pollution with adverse health effects; however, the exposure to indoor particles of outdoor origin is not well characterized, particularly for individual chemical species. We conducted a field study in an unoccupied, single-story residence in Clovis, California to provide data and analyses to address issues important for assessing exposure. We used real-time particle monitors both outdoors and indoors to quantify nitrate, sulfate, and carbon particulate matter of particle size 2.5 mu m or less in diameter (PM-2.5). The results show that measured indoor ammonium nitrate concentrations were significantly lower than would be expected based solely on penetration and deposition losses. The additional reduction can be attributed to the transformation indoors of ammonium nitrate into ammonia and nitric acid gases, which are subsequently lost by deposition and sorption to indoor surfaces. A mass balance model that accounts for the kinetics of ammonium nitrate evaporation was able to reproduce measured indoor ammonium nitrate and nitric acid concentrations, resulting in a fitted value of the deposition velocity for nitric acid of 0.56 cm s super(-1). The results indicate that indoor exposure to outdoor ammonium nitrate in Central Valley of California are small, and suggest that exposure assessments based on total particle mass measured outdoors may obscure the actual causal relationships for indoor exposure to particles of outdoor origin. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lunden, M M AU - Revzan, K L AU - Fischer, M L AU - Thatcher, T L AU - Littlejohn, D AU - Hering, S V AU - Brown, N J AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road. Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mmlunden@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 5633 EP - 5644 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 37 IS - 39-40 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - ammonium nitrate KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - Chemical transformation KW - Nitric acid KW - Ammonia KW - Indoor particulate nitrate KW - Penetration KW - Sulfates KW - Particle size KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Nitrates KW - Evaporation KW - Atmospheric pollution chemistry KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Ammonium in aerosols KW - Indoor air KW - Particulate atmospheric pollution KW - Carbon KW - USA, California KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16168582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=The+transformation+of+outdoor+ammonium+nitrate+aerosols+in+the+indoor+environment&rft.au=Lunden%2C+M+M%3BRevzan%2C+K+L%3BFischer%2C+M+L%3BThatcher%2C+T+L%3BLittlejohn%2C+D%3BHering%2C+S+V%3BBrown%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Lunden&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=39-40&rft.spage=5633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2003.09.035 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution models; Atmospheric pollution chemistry; Ammonium in aerosols; Indoor air; Particulate atmospheric pollution; Particle size; Sulfates; Aerosols; Carbon; Nitrates; Evaporation; Indoor air pollution; Nitric acid; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling particle loss in ventilation ducts AN - 16167290; 5785780 AB - Empirical equations were developed and applied to predict losses of 0.01-100 mu m airborne particles making a single pass through 120 different ventilation duct runs typical of those found in mid-sized office buildings. For all duct runs, losses were negligible for submicron particles and nearly complete for particles larger than 50 mu m. The 50th percentile cut-point diameters were 15 mu m in supply runs and 25 mu m in return runs. Losses in supply duct runs were higher than in return duct runs, mostly because internal insulation was present in portions of supply duct runs, but absent from return duct runs. Single-pass equations for particle loss in duct runs were combined with models for predicting ventilation system filtration efficiency and particle deposition to indoor surfaces to evaluate the fates of particles of indoor and outdoor origin in an archetypal mechanically ventilated building. Results suggest that duct losses are a minor influence for determining indoor concentrations for most particle sizes. Losses in ducts were of a comparable magnitude to indoor surface losses for most particle sizes. For outdoor air drawn into an unfiltered ventilation system, most particles smaller than 1 mu m are exhausted from the building. Large particles deposit within the building, mostly in supply ducts or on indoor surfaces. When filters are present, most particles are either filtered or exhausted. The fates of particles generated indoors follow similar trends as outdoor particles drawn into the building. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Sippola, M R AU - Nazaroff, W W AD - Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, nazaroff@ce.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 5597 EP - 5609 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 37 IS - 39-40 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aerosol KW - Deposition KW - Duct KW - Indoor air quality KW - Transport mechanisms KW - Ventilation KW - Particle size KW - Particle size distribution KW - Numerical models KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Aerosol particle distribution KW - Air quality KW - Buildings KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16167290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Modeling+particle+loss+in+ventilation+ducts&rft.au=Sippola%2C+M+R%3BNazaroff%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Sippola&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=39-40&rft.spage=5597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2003.07.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size distribution; Numerical models; Aerosol particle distribution; Indoor air pollution; Air quality; Particle size; Ventilation; Buildings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas-phase organics in environmental tobacco smoke: 2. Exposure-relevant emission factors and indirect exposures from habitual smoking AN - 16166526; 5785776 AB - Sorption of emitted gas-phase organic compounds onto material surfaces affects environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) composition and exposures indoors. We have introduced a new metric, the exposure relevant emission factor (EREF) that accounts for sorptive uptake and reemission to give the mass of individual ETS constituents available for exposure over a day in which smoking occurs. This paper describes month-long experiments to investigate sorption effects on EREFs and potential ETS exposures under habitual smoking conditions. Cigarettes were smoked in a 50-m super(3) furnished room over a 3-h period 6-7 days per week, with continuous ventilation at 0.3, 0.6, or 2.1 h super(-1). Organic gas concentrations were measured every few days over 4-h 'smoking', 10-h 'post-smoking' and 10-h 'background' periods. Concentration patterns of volatile ETS components including 1, 3-butadiene, benzene and acrolein were similar to those calculated for a theoretical non-sorbing tracer, indicating limited sorption. Concentrations of ETS tracers, e.g. 3-ethenylpyridine (3-EP) and nicotine, and lower volatility toxic air contaminants including phenol, cresols, and naphthalene increased as experiments progressed, indicating mass accumulation on surfaces and higher desorption rates. Daily patterns stabilized after week 2, yielding a steady daily cycle of ETS concentrations associated with habitual smoking. EREFs for sorbing compounds were higher under steady cycle versus single-day smoking conditions by similar to 50% for 3-EP, and by 2-3 times for nicotine, phenol, cresols, naphthalene, and methylnaphthalenes. Our results provide relevant information about potential indirect exposures from residual ETS (non- smoker enters room shortly after smoker finishes) and from reemission, and their importance relative to direct exposures (non-smoker present during smoking). Under the conditions examined, indirect exposures accounted for a larger fraction of total potential exposures for sorbing versus non-sorbing compounds, and at lower versus higher ventilation rates. Increasing ventilation can reduce indirect exposures to very low levels for non-sorbing ETS components, but indirect routes accounted for similar to 50% of potential nicotine exposures during non- smoking periods at all ventilation rates. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Singer, B C AU - Hodgson, A T AU - Nazaroff, W W AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, bcsinger@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 5551 EP - 5561 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 37 IS - 39-40 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Environmental tobacco smoke KW - Toxic air contaminants KW - Hazardous air pollutants KW - ETS tracers KW - Nicotine KW - Sorption KW - Emission factors KW - Exposure assessment KW - Smoke KW - Ventilation KW - Measuring methods KW - Atmospheric pollution chemistry KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Tobacco KW - Emission measurements KW - Tobacco smoke KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16166526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Gas-phase+organics+in+environmental+tobacco+smoke%3A+2.+Exposure-relevant+emission+factors+and+indirect+exposures+from+habitual+smoking&rft.au=Singer%2C+B+C%3BHodgson%2C+A+T%3BNazaroff%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=39-40&rft.spage=5551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2003.07.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution chemistry; Indoor air pollution; Tobacco smoke; Smoke; Sorption; Ventilation; Measuring methods; Emission measurements; Tobacco DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of outside air ventilation rate on volatile organic compound concentrations in a call center AN - 16166292; 5785773 AB - A study of the relationship between outside air ventilation rate and concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated indoors was conducted in a call center office building. The building, with two floors and a total floor area of 4600 m, is located in the San Francisco Bay Area, CA. Ventilation rates were manipulated with the building's four air handling units (AHUs). VOC and CO sub(2) concentrations in the AHU returns were measured on 7 days during a 13-week period. VOC emission factors were determined for individual zones on days when they were operating at near steady-state conditions. The emission factor data were subjected to principal component (PC) analysis to identify groups of co-varying compounds. Potential sources of the PC vectors were ascribed based on information from the literature. The per occupant CO sub(2) generation rates were 0.0068-0.0092 l s super(-1). The per occupant isoprene generation rates of 0.2-0.3 mg h super(-1) were consistent with the value predicted by mass balance from breath concentration and exhalation rate. The relationships between indoor minus outdoor VOC concentrations and ventilation rate were qualitatively examined for eight VOCs. Of these, acetaldehyde and hexanal, which likely were associated with material sources, and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, associated with personal care products, exhibited general trends of higher concentrations at lower ventilation rates. For other compounds, a clear inverse relationship between VOC concentrations and ventilation was not observed. The net concentration of 2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate isomers, examples of low-volatility compounds, changed very little with ventilation likely due to sorption and re-emission effects. These results illustrate that the efficacy of ventilation for controlling VOC concentrations can vary considerably depending upon the operation of the building, the pollutant sources and the physical and chemical processes affecting the pollutants. Thus, source control measures, in addition to adequate ventilation, are required to limit concentrations of VOCs in office buildings. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Hodgson, A T AU - Faulkner, D AU - Sullivan, D P AU - DiBartolomeo, D L AU - Russell, M L AU - Fisk, W J AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, athodgson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 5517 EP - 5527 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 37 IS - 39-40 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Indoor air quality KW - Office building KW - VOC emission rates KW - Formaldehyde KW - Principal component analysis KW - Ventilation KW - Atmospheric pollution chemistry KW - Indoor air pollution KW - USA, California, San Francisco KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Buildings KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Volatile organic compounds in indoor air KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16166292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Effect+of+outside+air+ventilation+rate+on+volatile+organic+compound+concentrations+in+a+call+center&rft.au=Hodgson%2C+A+T%3BFaulkner%2C+D%3BSullivan%2C+D+P%3BDiBartolomeo%2C+D+L%3BRussell%2C+M+L%3BFisk%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Hodgson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=39-40&rft.spage=5517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2003.09.028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution chemistry; Indoor air pollution; Volatile organic compounds in indoor air; Ventilation; Carbon dioxide; Buildings; Volatile organic compounds; USA, California, San Francisco DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor pollutant mixing time in an isothermal closed room: an investigation using CFD AN - 16165622; 5785778 AB - We report on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions of mixing time of a pollutant in an unventilated, mechanically mixed, isothermal room. The study aims to determine: (1) the adequacy of the standard Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes two-equation (k- epsilon ) turbulence model for predicting the mixing time under these conditions and (2) the extent to which the mixing time depends on the room airflow, rather than the source location within the room. The CFD simulations modeled the 12 mixing time experiments performed by Drescher et al. (Indoor Air 5 (1995) 204) using a point pulse release in an isothermal, sealed room mechanically mixed with variable power blowers. Predictions of mixing time were found in good agreement with experimental measurements, over an order of magnitude variation in blower power. Additional CFD simulations were performed to investigate the relation between pollutant mixing time and source location. Seventeen source locations and five blower configurations were investigated. Results clearly show large dependence of the mixing time on the room airflow, with some dependence on source location. We further explore dependence of mixing time on the velocity and turbulence intensity at the source location. Implications for positioning air-toxic sensors in rooms are briefly discussed. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Gadgil, A J AU - Lobscheid, C AU - Abadie, MO AU - Finlayson, E U AD - Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94702, USA, ajgadgil@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/12// PY - 2003 DA - Dec 2003 SP - 5577 EP - 5586 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 37 IS - 39-40 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - computational fluid dynamics KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Mixing time KW - Pollutant dispersion KW - CFD modeling KW - Short-term exposure KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Turbulence models KW - Measuring methods KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Fluid dynamics KW - Simulation KW - Velocity KW - Turbulence KW - Air pollution measurements KW - M2 551.511.61:Theoretical and mathematical models of turbulence and diffusion (551.511.61) KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16165622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Indoor+pollutant+mixing+time+in+an+isothermal+closed+room%3A+an+investigation+using+CFD&rft.au=Gadgil%2C+A+J%3BLobscheid%2C+C%3BAbadie%2C+MO%3BFinlayson%2C+E+U&rft.aulast=Gadgil&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=39-40&rft.spage=5577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2003.09.032 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution models; Turbulence models; Indoor air pollution; Fluid dynamics; Measuring methods; Velocity; Simulation; Turbulence; Air pollution measurements DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.032 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal Structure of NusA from Thermotoga Maritima and Functional Implication of the N-Terminal Domain AN - 17987608; 5914968 AB - We report the crystal structure of N-utilizing substance A protein (NusA) from Thermotoga maritima (TmNusA), a protein involved in transcriptional pausing, termination, and antitermination. TmNusA has an elongated rod-shaped structure consisting of an N-terminal domain (NTD, residues 1-132) and three RNA binding domains (RBD). The NTD consists of two subdomains, the globular head and the helical body domains, that comprise a unique three-dimensional structure that may be important for interacting with RNA polymerase. The globular head domain possesses a high content of negatively charged residues that may interact with the positively charged flaplike domain of RNA polymerase. The helical body domain is composed of a three-helix bundle that forms a hydrophobic core with the aid of two neighboring beta -strands. This domain shows structural similarity with one of the helical domains of sigma super(70) factor from Escherichia coli. One side of the molecular surface shows positive electrostatic potential suitable for nonspecific RNA interaction. The RBD is composed of one S1 domain and two K-homology (KH) domains forming an elongated RNA binding surface. Structural comparison between TmNusA and Mycobacterium tuberculosis NusA reveals a possible hinge motion between NTD and RBD. In addition, a functional implication of the NTD in its interaction with RNA polymerase is discussed. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - Shin, D H AU - Nguyen, H H AU - Jancarik, J AU - Yokota, H AU - Kim, R AU - Kim, S-H AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2003/11/25/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Nov 25 SP - 13429 EP - 13437 VL - 42 IS - 46 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - Antitermination KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - ^s70 factor KW - Termination KW - DNA-directed RNA polymerase KW - Crystal structure KW - Escherichia coli KW - Transcription KW - Thermotoga maritima KW - NusA protein KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17987608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Crystal+Structure+of+NusA+from+Thermotoga+Maritima+and+Functional+Implication+of+the+N-Terminal+Domain&rft.au=Shin%2C+D+H%3BNguyen%2C+H+H%3BJancarik%2C+J%3BYokota%2C+H%3BKim%2C+R%3BKim%2C+S-H&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-11-25&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=46&rft.spage=13429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fbi035118h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermotoga maritima; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Escherichia coli; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Crystal structure; NusA protein; Termination; ^s70 factor; Transcription DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi035118h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury speciation by X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and sequential chemical extractions: a comparison of speciation methods. AN - 71425134; 14655695 AB - Determining the chemical speciation of mercury in contaminated mining and industrial environments is essential for predicting its solubility, transport behavior, and potential bioavailability as well as for designing effective remediation strategies. In this study, two techniques for determining Hg speciation--X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy and sequential chemical extractions (SCE)--are independently applied to a set of samples with Hg concentrations ranging from 132 to 7539 mg/kg to determine if the two techniques provide comparable Hg speciation results. Generally, the proportions of insoluble HgS (cinnabar, metacinnabar) and HgSe identified by XAFS correlate well with the proportion of Hg removed in the aqua regia extraction demonstrated to remove HgS and HgSe. Statistically significant (>10%) differences are observed however in samples containing more soluble Hg-containing phases (HgCl2, HgO, Hg3S2O4). Such differences may be related to matrix, particle size, or crystallinity effects, which could affect the apparent solubility of Hg phases present. In more highly concentrated samples, microscopy techniques can help characterize the Hg-bearing species in complex multiphase natural samples. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Kim, Christopher S AU - Bloom, Nicolas S AU - Rytuba, James J AU - Brown, Gordon E AD - Surface and Aqueous Geochemistry Group, Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-2115, USA. cskim@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/11/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Nov 15 SP - 5102 EP - 5108 VL - 37 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Mercury Compounds KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - X-Rays KW - Spectrum Analysis -- methods KW - Mining KW - Mercury Compounds -- analysis KW - Industrial Waste -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71425134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Mercury+speciation+by+X-ray+absorption+fine+structure+spectroscopy+and+sequential+chemical+extractions%3A+a+comparison+of+speciation+methods.&rft.au=Kim%2C+Christopher+S%3BBloom%2C+Nicolas+S%3BRytuba%2C+James+J%3BBrown%2C+Gordon+E&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2003-11-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=5102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-22 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water flow in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain AN - 51842495; 2004-040903 AB - The unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain is being proposed as the host rock for a geological repository of high-level nuclear waste. Extensive characterization of the UZ has been conducted in over 60 deep boreholes and two large underground tunnels. The UZ rocks consist primarily of volcanic ash flows that vary in their degree of welding. Fractures provide the primary permeability in most units, with average large-scale permeability on the order of 10 (super 12) m (super 2) (1 darcy). The average percolation flux is about 5 mm/year under current climate, but varies spatially. Only a very small fraction of the 10 (super 1) total number of fractures in the mountain actually carry water; it is not known which fractures actually are conduits for water. We have developed an active fracture model (AFM) that allows us to estimate the number of fractures that are conduits for flow. The number and spacing of water conduits is extremely important when seepage into drifts or radionuclide transport is being evaluated. Current best estimates suggests that the average spacing between water conduits is on the order of 10 (super 1) meters, based on water saturation, water potential, and geochemical data. This estimate will be verified by further testing and analysis. In this paper, we discuss the various tests and analysis that have been utilized to characterize the UZ at Yucca Mountain. The different geological, geophysical, geochemical, and hydrological approaches and data sources that have been successful in shedding light on various parameters and processes in the UZ are highlighted. Furthermore, the various methodologies that have been tried and found unsuccessful in characterizing this rock formation are also described. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 355 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - high-level waste KW - unsaturated zone KW - Nye County Nevada KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - models KW - Nevada Test Site KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51842495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Water+flow+in+the+unsaturated+zone+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Bodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bodvarsson&rft.aufirst=Gudmundur&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fractured materials; ground water; high-level waste; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; models; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; Nye County Nevada; permeability; radioactive waste; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a modified denitrifying bacteria method for analyzing groundwater and vadose zone pore water nitrate at the Hanford Site, WA, USA AN - 51840915; 2004-045516 AB - The Hanford Site in southern Washington contains a large proportion of the 250,000 metric tons of nitrate estimated to reside at DOE sites across the USA. Nitrate concentrations >600 mg/L have been reported for Hanford groundwaters, where nitrate commonly accompanies elevated levels of radionuclide contamination. Much of the Hanford nitrate is stored in the vadose zone, where complicated hydrology and poorly understood chemical and biochemical processes lead to uncertain fate and transport. Analysis of the nitrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of nitrate provides a promising method to identify sources and investigate biochemical degradation of nitrate in the subsurface at Hanford. A preliminary investigation of NO (sub 3-) fate and transport at the Hanford Site focuses on pore water nitrate, extracted by 1:1 sediment to DI water rinses of vadose zone sediments, in a vertical profile through a radionuclide plume at the TX-TY tank farm, and compares these results with transects across major nitrate plumes in the Hanford unconfined aquifer. Until recently, methods for analyzing delta (super 15) N and delta (super 18) O of NO (sub 3-) in waters were unwieldy for routine analyses of dilute groundwaters and pore water extracts from vadose zone sediments; however, Sigman, et al., 2001 (Anal. Chem) and Casciotti, et al., 2002 (Anal. Chem), developed a method using denitrifying bacteria with a truncated enzymatic pathway to generate N (sub 2) O for analyzing both isotopes simultaneously from NO (sub 3-) in dilute samples. Our modifications to this method decrease both culture preparation and sample processing times. Culturing time has been reduced to 2-3 days by increasing the initial inoculation volume to 2mL in 100mL. We grow cultures on a bench top and mix by inversion twice daily, instead of growing on a constant shaking unit. These changes have not been shown to affect the cell yield nor the N (sub 2) O levels in blanks. Secondly, cell preparation for NO (sub 3-) reduction has been modified to decrease sample processing time. Intense centrifugation was found to be unnecessary and loose pellet formation at a lower g is more than adequate. We found no detectable background level of N (sub 2) O in the cultures, and have reduced the sample venting time. Lastly, we have found that samples can be injected, cells [ysed,] and N (sub 2) O run in the same day with negligible affects to N (sub 2) O yield and delta (super 15) N/delta (super 18) O values. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Woods, Katharine N AU - Singleton, Michael AU - Conrad, Mark AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 405 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - oxygen KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - enzymes KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - sampling KW - denitrification KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - nitrate ion KW - proteins KW - geochemistry KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51840915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+modified+denitrifying+bacteria+method+for+analyzing+groundwater+and+vadose+zone+pore+water+nitrate+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+WA%2C+USA&rft.au=Woods%2C+Katharine+N%3BSingleton%2C+Michael%3BConrad%2C+Mark%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Woods&rft.aufirst=Katharine&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; denitrification; enzymes; experimental studies; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrochemistry; nitrate ion; nitrogen; organic compounds; oxygen; pollution; pore water; proteins; sampling; sediments; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of crystal chemistry to mineral surface geochemistry AN - 51812274; 2004-065459 AB - Mineral surface geochemistry deals with the interaction of biological organisms and chemical species, including water, with mineral surfaces. The interaction of mineral surfaces with heavy metals and metalloids in aqueous solutions is of major interest because of the possibility they can sorb on mineral surfaces, which can effectively sequester them in specific pH ranges. XAFS spectroscopy studies have yielded quantitative information about the structures and modes of binding of cations and oxoanions at mineral/water interfaces. However, what is not known in most cases is the structure of the mineral surface in contact with water and how protons contribute to the stability of metal sorption complexes. Crystal chemical principles, including Pauling's bond valence principle, can be used to help constrain the types of surface sites to which metal(loid)s can bind, as well as the number of protons that can bind to a surface oxygen that is also bonded to a metal(loid) ion. In an extension of this approach, we have carried out grazing-incidence EXAFS studies of Pb(II) sorption on single crystal hematite surfaces in contact with water. Pb(II) was found to bind dominantly in an inner-sphere, bidentate fashion to FeO6 octahedra on the a-Fe2O3 (0001) and (1-102) surfaces, which is consistent with our earlier study of Pb(II) binding to a-Al2O3 (1-102) (J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1997, 85, 473). In contrast, we found that Pb(II) forms dominantly outer sphere complexes at the a-Al2O3 (0001)/water interface (Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1996, 60, 3541). In order to understand these differences in reactivity, we have recently carried out crystal truncation rod diffraction studies of these hydrated surfaces. This CTR work found significant structural differences between the (0001) surfaces of a-Fe2O3 and a-Al2O3, which helps explain their differences in reactivity to Pb(II). Application of crystal chemical principles to these metal/metal oxide systems, as well as to those in which AsO43- and SeO42- are aqueous sorbents, helps constrain their sorption behavior as well as proton release. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Brown, Gordon E AU - Bargar, John R AU - Trainor, Thomas P AU - Eng, Peter J AU - Fitts, Jeffrey P AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 536 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - mineral-water interface KW - lead KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - hydration KW - chemical reactions KW - hematite KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - valency KW - crystal chemistry KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51812274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Applications+of+crystal+chemistry+to+mineral+surface+geochemistry&rft.au=Brown%2C+Gordon+E%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BTrainor%2C+Thomas+P%3BEng%2C+Peter+J%3BFitts%2C+Jeffrey+P%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=536&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; chemical reactions; colloidal materials; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; EXAFS data; experimental studies; hematite; hydration; lead; metals; mineral surface; mineral-water interface; oxides; valency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field characterization of hydrate-bearing core using X-ray computed tomography AN - 51811611; 2004-065444 AB - Natural gas hydrates are difficult to study, because they are thermodynamically stable at temperature and pressure regimes that are drastically different from ambient conditions. Preservation and transport of hydrate-bearing samples from the field to the laboratory are controversial, with no clear scientific consensus on the best practice and possible adverse effects. To characterize hydrate-bearing samples in the field, we have developed a portable cone-beam X-ray computed tomography system that can determine the concentration and spatial distribution of hydrate in recovered samples. The X-ray system has been optimized to image whole-round cores (up to 9 cm in diameter) commonly retrieved during drilling operations. Tests on natural and synthetic cores (hydrate and sand mixtures) reveal the potential for this technique. The field method is as follows: A recovered hydrate-bearing sample is preserved in an aluminum pressure vessel at the temperature and pressure of the natural environment from which it was retrieved. The aluminum vessel provides good transparency to X-rays and also reduces beam-hardening aberrations caused by a polychromatic X-ray source. By reducing the pressure and/or increasing the temperature outside the hydrate stability envelope, hydrate dissociation is induced. X-ray CT image sets are acquired during hydrate dissociation, and differences between the baseline image and subsequent images are used to determine the distribution and concentration of hydrate. Monitoring pressure and temperature changes and measuring the volume of gas produced provide a check on the total concentration of hydrate. We have determined kinetic properties of our dissociating synthetic hydrate/sand samples by studying the changes in the X-ray images as a function of time. Our results show that we can observe dissociation of a hydrate nodule a few millimeters in diameter, even when it resides in the center of a dense 75-millimeter core. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Freifeld, Barry M AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Pruess, Jacob AU - Tomutsa, Liviu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 534 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - tomography KW - experimental studies KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - natural materials KW - marine geology KW - optimization KW - petroleum KW - cores KW - sample preparation KW - marine sediments KW - computed tomography KW - sediments KW - X-ray analysis KW - testing KW - portable arrays KW - synthetic materials KW - instruments KW - field studies KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Field+characterization+of+hydrate-bearing+core+using+X-ray+computed+tomography&rft.au=Freifeld%2C+Barry+M%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BPruess%2C+Jacob%3BTomutsa%2C+Liviu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Freifeld&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=534&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computed tomography; cores; experimental studies; field studies; gas hydrates; instruments; marine geology; marine sediments; natural gas; natural materials; optimization; petroleum; portable arrays; sample preparation; sediments; synthetic materials; testing; tomography; X-ray analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental geology of the Hanford Site AN - 51811378; 2004-065420 AB - As a consequence of production and waste storage activities associated with Pu production, the Hanford Site (1,450 km (super 2) ) has radionuclide and chemical contamination in saturated and unsaturated sediments. The geology of the site strongly influences groundwater flow and contaminant transport. Broadly, the contaminants in the central part of the site move through a 70m thick vadose zone to the groundwater, which then has the potential to transport them to discharge zones along the Columbia River. Each transport process--1) unsaturated transport, 2) saturated transport, and 3) discharge to the Columbia River--involves heterogeneous and anisotropic geologic units dominated by variably coarse to fine continental clastic sediments. Specific units include the Neogene Ringold Formation, the late Pliocene to Pleistocene Cold Creek Unit, the Pleistocene Hanford formation, and Holocene alluvial sediments, all of which are underlain by Columbia River Basalt. The Ringold Formation forms much of the unconfined aquifer beneath the site and consists of sediments deposited by the proto-Columbia River system over about a 5 Ma aggradational period. Facies include fluvial channel and overbank deposits, lacustrine deposits, alluvial fans, and paleosols. The Cold Creek Unit disconformably overlies the Ringold Formation and consists of eolian, alluvial, and colluvial deposits with paleosols. The Hanford Formation occupies much of the vadose zone on the site and consists of boulder to silt size sediments deposited by a series of cataclysmic Ice-Age floods, mostly from glacial Lake Missoula. Mapping of the sedimentary facies in the subsurface using excavations, boreholes and geophysical data, has identified heterogeneity and anisotropy that control unsaturated and saturated flow in the supra-basalt sediments (e.g., polygonal networks of clastic dikes). Understanding the flow and transport properties of sediment facies at Hanford is crucial to development of reactive transport models at a range of scales. Only when we can relate pore- and mm-scale transport phenomena (including a full range of geochemical and microbial reactions) to detailed facies models extensible to the decimeter and kilometer scale will we be able to fully exploit Hanford geology for improving predictions of future risk posed by contaminants at the site. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Long, Philip AU - Last, George V AU - Bjornstad, Bruce N AU - Reidel, Stephen AU - Fecht, Karl AU - Majer, Ernest AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 530 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - Columbia River KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - Ringold Formation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - lithofacies KW - Cold Creek Unit KW - Tertiary KW - transport KW - Neogene KW - sediments KW - Pliocene KW - Pleistocene KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Environmental+geology+of+the+Hanford+Site&rft.au=Long%2C+Philip%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BBjornstad%2C+Bruce+N%3BReidel%2C+Stephen%3BFecht%2C+Karl%3BMajer%2C+Ernest%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; clastic sediments; Cold Creek Unit; Columbia River; environmental analysis; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; heterogeneity; lithofacies; Neogene; Pleistocene; Pliocene; pollution; Quaternary; radioactive waste; Ringold Formation; sediments; Tertiary; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sr isotope compositions of groundwater in the Hanford Site unconfined aquifer as a record of flow, recharge, and vadose zone infiltration AN - 51810672; 2004-065432 AB - Sr isotope compositions from more than 260 wells in the unconfined aquifer below the contaminated Hanford Site, WA, provide a means to image groundwater recharge, infiltration, and perturbations from site activity. Natural recharge to the unconfined aquifer primarily comes from the exposed basalt of the Yakima Ridge and Rattlesnake Hills at the western margin of the site, and thus groundwater in this area has lower (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr ( approximately 0.707) than either Columbia River water(0.714+mn; 0.0004) or water that has equilibrated with the granitic sediments ( approximately 0.712). Anthropogenic recharge of the unconfined aquifer from disposed Columbia River water has resulted in plumes of high (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr groundwater down gradient from infiltration ponds. Transient, high concentration Sr flushed out of the vadose zone by infiltrating disposal water at the 200 areas dominates the shift of Sr isotopes caused by weathering of aquifer sediments. Low (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr water south of Gable Mountain is evidence of upwelling from the upper confined aquifer, which may affect the shape of contamination plumes in this area. Groundwater (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr increases systematically from 0.707 to 0.712 along aquifer flow paths, generally running west to east across the Hanford Site. This observed variation in groundwater Sr isotope composition is modeled as a process whereby lower (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr recharge waters are shifted toward a ratio of 0.712, due to the addition of Sr from weathering of the aquifer sediments and infiltration through the vadose zone. The degree to which groundwater (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr approaches the dissolving or infiltrating Sr is governed by the groundwater velocity, infiltration flux, aquifer thickness, and by weathering rates in the aquifer sediments. Infiltrating vadose zone pore waters are approximately an order of magnitude higher in Sr concentration than the groundwater and therefore have a strong effect on the Sr isotope composition of groundwaters. Combining measurements of hydraulic head and aquifer thickness with measurements of groundwater (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr and Sr concentration allows for estimates of vadose zone infiltration flux. The (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr increase along a "background" profile across the Hanford Site is consistent with an average vadose zone flux of 5-8mm/yr, based on a steady-state model of Sr reactive transport and infiltration. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Singleton, Michael J AU - Maher, Katharine AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 532 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - stable isotopes KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - basalts KW - geochemistry KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Washington KW - isotope ratios KW - Columbia River KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - recharge KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - steady-state processes KW - waste disposal KW - unconfined aquifers KW - strontium KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51810672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Sr+isotope+compositions+of+groundwater+in+the+Hanford+Site+unconfined+aquifer+as+a+record+of+flow%2C+recharge%2C+and+vadose+zone+infiltration&rft.au=Singleton%2C+Michael+J%3BMaher%2C+Katharine%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BDresel%2C+P+Evan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Singleton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aquifers; basalts; Columbia River; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrochemistry; igneous rocks; infiltration; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; pollution; radioactive waste; recharge; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; steady-state processes; strontium; unconfined aquifers; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field-scale estimation of volumetric water content using ground-penetrating radar ground wave techniques AN - 51805663; 2004-068550 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Grote, K AU - Hubbard, S AU - Rubin, Y Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 13 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - gravimeters KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - Robert Mondavi Winery KW - irrigation KW - ground water KW - California KW - spatial distribution KW - water content KW - time domain reflectometry KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - precision KW - monitoring KW - Napa County California KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - agriculture KW - radar methods KW - evapotranspiration KW - seasonal variations KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51805663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Field-scale+estimation+of+volumetric+water+content+using+ground-penetrating+radar+ground+wave+techniques&rft.au=Grote%2C+K%3BHubbard%2C+S%3BRubin%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Grote&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003WR002045 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; agriculture; California; data acquisition; data processing; electrical methods; evapotranspiration; experimental studies; geophysical methods; gravimeters; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; hydrology; instruments; irrigation; moisture; monitoring; Napa County California; precision; radar methods; Robert Mondavi Winery; seasonal variations; soils; spatial distribution; time domain reflectometry; United States; unsaturated zone; water content DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002045 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arnoldi reduction method for simulation of multi-species contaminant transport in discretely fractured media AN - 51797870; 2004-073717 AB - We have extended the Arnoldi reduction method (ARM) for the simulation of multispecies contaminant transport in fractured media using a discrete fracture approach. This particular class of problems can easily introduce hundreds of thousand to millions of unknowns, because a system of ordinary differential equations must be solved for each species, simultaneously with the others. The Arnoldi reduction technique uses orthogonal matrix transformations to reduce each of the aforementioned coupled systems to much smaller size. In this study, there are several improvements that have been implemented to the standard Arnoldi algorithm. One of these is to improve the convergence of the Arnoldi system itself; namely find ways to require fewer modes, or fewer Arnoldi vectors to be generated to achieve the same level of accuracy. The second of these is to use iterative, instead of direct solvers, for fractured media cases. The computational efficiency of the Arnoldi algorithm is enhanced by introducing an eigenvalue shift technique. This approach greatly improves the diagonal dominant properties of the matrices to be solved. The use of eigenvalue shift technique greatly relaxes the grid Peclet restrictions. Courant number criteria restrictions are also effectively removed. Additionally, we developed an iterative version of the Arnoldi algorithm, in which the preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) solver, based on ORTHOMIN acceleration, is employed within the Arnoldi reduction process. The proposed numerical method has been verified by comparison against analytical solutions. The developed model is highly efficiency in computing time and storage space. Simulations of radioactive decay chain and TCE transport are made and compared to the Laplace Transform Galerkin (LTG) method. Examples with about one million unknowns are solved on personal computers and show that the ARM is even more efficient than the LTG method, by allowing for similar speed increases with multicomponents. Therefore, the Arnoldi approach will allow for a variety complex, high-resolution problems to be solved for on small computer platforms. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Woodbury, Allan D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 611 EP - 612 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - fractured materials KW - Galerkin method KW - ORTHOMIN KW - pollutants KW - mathematical transformations KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - radioactive decay KW - eigenvalues KW - ground water KW - transport KW - mathematical methods KW - digital simulation KW - algorithms KW - Arnoldi method KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51797870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Arnoldi+reduction+method+for+simulation+of+multi-species+contaminant+transport+in+discretely+fractured+media&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Keni%3BWoodbury%2C+Allan+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Keni&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=611&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Arnoldi method; data processing; digital simulation; eigenvalues; fractured materials; Galerkin method; ground water; mathematical methods; mathematical transformations; ORTHOMIN; pollutants; pollution; radioactive decay; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of radon gas into a tunnel at Yucca Mountain; estimating large-scale fractured tuff hydraulic properties and implications for the operation of the ventilation system AN - 51796258; 2004-073720 AB - Radon gas concentrations have been monitored as part of the operation of a tunnel (the Exploratory Studies Facility--ESF) at Yucca Mountain to ensure worker safety. The objective of this study was to examine the potential use of the radon data to estimate large-scale formation properties of fractured tuffs. This objective was examined by developing a numerical model, based upon the characteristics of the ESF and the Topopah Spring welded (TSw) tuff unit, capable of predicting radon concentrations for prescribed ventilation conditions. The model was used to address two specific issues. First, it was used to estimate the permeability and porosity of the fractures in the TSw at the length scale of the ESF and extending tens of meters into the TSw, which surrounds the ESF. Second, the model was used to understand the mechanism leading to radon concentrations exceeding a specified level within the ESF. The mechanism controlling radon concentrations in the ESF is a function of atmospheric barometric fluctuations being propagated down the ESF along with ventilated air flow and the slight suction induced by the ventilation exhaust fans at the South Portal of the ESF. These pressure fluctuations are dampened in the TSw fracture continuum according to its permeability and porosity. Consequently, as the barometric pressure in the ESF drops rapidly, formation gases from the TSw are pulled into the ESF, resulting in an increase in radon concentrations. Model calibration to both radon concentrations measured in the ESF and gas-phase pressure fluctuations in the TSw yielded concurrent estimates of TSw fracture permeability and porosity of 1X10-11 m (super 2) and 0.00034, respectively. The calibrated model was then used as a design tool to predict the effect of adjusting the current ventilation-system operation strategy for reducing the probability of radon gas concentrations exceeding a specified level. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Unger, Andre J A AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 612 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - calibration KW - radon KW - radioactive waste KW - ventilation KW - Cenozoic KW - Nevada Test Site KW - transport KW - noble gases KW - tunnels KW - tuff KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - Miocene KW - measurement KW - gases KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51796258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Transport+of+radon+gas+into+a+tunnel+at+Yucca+Mountain%3B+estimating+large-scale+fractured+tuff+hydraulic+properties+and+implications+for+the+operation+of+the+ventilation+system&rft.au=Unger%2C+Andre+J+A%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Unger&rft.aufirst=Andre+J&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; Cenozoic; concentration; fractured materials; gases; hydraulic conductivity; igneous rocks; measurement; Miocene; Neogene; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; noble gases; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; porosity; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; radon; site exploration; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; transport; tuff; tunnels; underground disposal; United States; ventilation; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for radium mobility at the Nopal I uranium deposit, Pena Blanca, Mexico AN - 51775284; 2005-000521 AB - The Nopal I uranium deposit in Chihuahua, Mexico, is an excellent analog for evaluating the fate of spent fuel, associated actinides, and fission products over long time scales at a Yucca Mountain high-level nuclear waste repository. Our previous U-series studies have shown that U, Pa, and Th have remained undisturbed in fractures in the unsaturated zone near the deposit for at least the past 200,000 years; whereas, Ra shows recent (TU>Th, in agreement with the fracture data. In contrast, limited Ra data for saturated zone waters indicate that (super 226) Ra/ (super 238) U activity ratios are less than one, suggesting a relative order of mobility in this environment of U>Ra>Th. This change in Ra mobility between unsaturated and saturated conditions may be due to differences in Ra solubility/complexation or kinetic effects over long transport distances. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Goldstein, Steven J AU - Murrell, Michael T AU - Simmons, Ardyth M AU - Oliver, Ronald D AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Reyes, Ignacio A AU - de la Garza, Rodrigo AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 436 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - Nopal I Deposit KW - thermal ionization mass spectra KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - mass spectra KW - Chihuahua Mexico KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sampling KW - movement KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - alkaline earth metals KW - radium KW - Nye County Nevada KW - hydrochemistry KW - uranium ores KW - Pena Blanca Mexico KW - Mexico KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - thorium KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51775284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+radium+mobility+at+the+Nopal+I+uranium+deposit%2C+Pena+Blanca%2C+Mexico&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+Steven+J%3BMurrell%2C+Michael+T%3BSimmons%2C+Ardyth+M%3BOliver%2C+Ronald+D%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BReyes%2C+Ignacio+A%3Bde+la+Garza%2C+Rodrigo%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; chemical composition; Chihuahua Mexico; geochemistry; ground water; hazardous waste; hydrochemistry; hydrology; isotopes; mass spectra; metal ores; metals; Mexico; mobilization; movement; Nevada; Nopal I Deposit; Nye County Nevada; Pena Blanca Mexico; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radium; sampling; site exploration; spectra; thermal ionization mass spectra; thorium; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; uranium ores; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of coupled processes driven by the radioactive decay heat on the performance of the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain AN - 51773387; 2005-000512 AB - Heat released by the radioactive decay of high-level waste sets in motion coupled thermal (T), hydrological (H), mechanical (M), and chemical (C) processes that impact the performance of the proposed geological repository in its ability to isolate waste. Understanding of the coupled THMC processes has been greatly advanced because of the extensive set of data from large scale in situ heater tests at the Yucca Mountain. Coupled-process modeling using the current design shows that temperature in the rock mass near an emplacement drift may rise above boiling for several thousand years, during which time water is prevented from entering the drifts (because of vaporization of the downward percolation flux). Direct observation of the presence of this vaporization barrier for water flux has yet to be verified in additional field tests. If confirmed, then the elevated temperature from decay heat reduces the likelihood of waste canister corrosion. Drying below the drift (from heating) also reduces the potential of radionuclides from being carried away in water from the drift. Modeling indicates that dissolution and precipitation of rock minerals at elevated temperature do not greatly alter the flow paths that lead to seepage water entering the waste emplacement drifts. This also needs to be verified by laboratory measurements. Coupled processes do not result in concentrating the chemistry of the water seeping into the drift to adversely impact the corrosion rates of waste canisters. Thermal-mechanical changes are small and tend to enhance diversion of water around an emplacement drift. All these considerations indicate that the decay heat has a beneficial effect on the performance of the proposed repository. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Tsang, Yvonne AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 435 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - rock masses KW - hazardous waste KW - volcanic rocks KW - site exploration KW - radioactivity KW - igneous rocks KW - waste disposal sites KW - radioactive decay KW - seepage KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - Cenozoic KW - chemical properties KW - tuff KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - corrosion KW - thermal properties KW - pollution KW - mechanical properties KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - heating KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51773387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effect+of+coupled+processes+driven+by+the+radioactive+decay+heat+on+the+performance+of+the+proposed+repository+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Yvonne%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Yvonne&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; chemical properties; corrosion; environmental management; ground water; hazardous waste; heating; hydrology; igneous rocks; mechanical properties; Miocene; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; pyroclastics; radioactive decay; radioactive waste; radioactivity; rock masses; rock mechanics; seepage; site exploration; Tertiary; thermal properties; Topopah Spring Member; tuff; United States; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore fluids and introduced materials in the heated-rock environment at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51772059; 2005-000513 AB - We collect water samples from packed-off regions of boreholes in an underground heating test at Yucca Mountain to investigate water movement and the effects of heating on tuff pore-fluid compositions. The majority of water samples are very dilute and are predominantly steam that condensed in the sampling lines. A few samples with up to approximately 80 ppm Cl may contain rock-pore fluids. Suites of water samples with distinctive compositions were collected from packed-off intervals in two boreholes. These generally low-pH samples contained large amounts of Cl (up to 1,250 ppm) and SO (sub 4) (up to 821 ppm), plus detectable Cr, Mn, Ni, and Zn. The neoprene (polychloroprene) packers were considered possible sources of fluid modification, because they contain both Cl and S. Steel components of the packers are possible sources of the transition metals. Two types of heating tests were performed on neoprene and tuff samples. In the flow-through test, air was circulated through test cells with ground samples of neoprene or tuff or through an empty test cell at 190, 130, and 90 degrees C. The air was then bubbled through water to extract soluble volatile species. Water samples associated with neoprene contained elevated chloride (up to 18,791 ppm) and sulfate (up to 155 ppm) and had lower pH than samples from the other test cells. More acidic and higher chloride samples were collected from neoprene at higher temperature. In follow-up tests at lower temperatures, detectable lowering of pH due to neoprene degradation was noted at temperatures as low as 59 degrees C, with a pronounced pH effect at 71 degrees C. Boiling-water tests contacted tuff or neoprene directly with boiling water for eight days. The pH of water with tuff was buffered by tuff-gas reactions. For water with neoprene, the pH was not strongly affected, yet chloride (up to 339 ppm) and sulfate (up to 55 ppm) were produced. In the flow-through test, oxygen was readily available, resulting in the generation of HCl from the oxidized neoprene. In the boiling test, the oxygen concentration was insufficient for much oxidation of neoprene to occur. The tests show that generation of Cl-rich low pH waters may occur in borehole intervals at sub-boiling and near-boiling temperatures with temperature gradients within the packed intervals. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Levy, Schon S AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Seol, Yongkoo AU - DeLoach, Laura D AU - Jones, Robert L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 435 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - volcanic rocks KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - waste disposal sites KW - fluid phase KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - environmental management KW - Cenozoic KW - sampling KW - movement KW - chemical properties KW - tuff KW - chemical composition KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - properties KW - Nye County Nevada KW - hydrochemistry KW - porosity KW - Miocene KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - heating KW - waste disposal KW - pore water KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51772059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Pore+fluids+and+introduced+materials+in+the+heated-rock+environment+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Levy%2C+Schon+S%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BSeol%2C+Yongkoo%3BDeLoach%2C+Laura+D%3BJones%2C+Robert+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Levy&rft.aufirst=Schon&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; chemical composition; chemical properties; environmental management; fluid phase; geochemistry; ground water; hazardous waste; heating; hydrochemistry; hydrology; igneous rocks; Miocene; movement; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; oxidation; pH; pollution; pore water; porosity; properties; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; sampling; site exploration; temperature; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; tuff; United States; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Xenon isotopes in soil gas as indicators of buried radioactive waste AN - 51767411; 2005-004162 AB - Levels of short-lived and stable xenon isotopes were measured in soil gas samples collected from three different waste disposal sites at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, Washington State. Short-lived isotopes Xe-133 and Xe-135 were measured using a modification of the Automated Radioxenon Sample and Analysis (ARSA) system developed for Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Verification. Stable isotopes were measured by rare gas mass spectrometry. A site that received large amounts of plutonium waste after separation from fission products showed detectable levels of radioxenon from the spontaneous fission of Pu-240 but no detectable alteration of stable xenon isotopes from the atmospheric background. Altered stable xenon isotope ratios were detected in soil gas samples collected near a radioactive waste landfill. The altered stable xenon isotope ratios are consistent with the probable presence of irradiated fuel elements in the burial ground. The measurements show the usefulness of xenon isotopic measurements for location and characterization of waste sources using minimally invasive techniques. Column transport studies indicate xenon transport through moist Hanford soil will be retarded relative to helium transport. This retardation may limit the distance short-lived isotopes can be detected from the source. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dresel, P Evan AU - Olsen, Khris B AU - McIntyre, Justin I AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Hayes, James C AU - Horton, Duane G AU - Mitroshkov, Alexandre V AU - Panisko, Mark E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 451 EP - 452 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - alteration KW - isotopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - mass spectra KW - burial KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - noble gases KW - movement KW - Xe-135 KW - Xe-133 KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - indicators KW - xenon KW - waste disposal KW - soil gases KW - underground disposal KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51767411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Xenon+isotopes+in+soil+gas+as+indicators+of+buried+radioactive+waste&rft.au=Dresel%2C+P+Evan%3BOlsen%2C+Khris+B%3BMcIntyre%2C+Justin+I%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BHayes%2C+James+C%3BHorton%2C+Duane+G%3BMitroshkov%2C+Alexandre+V%3BPanisko%2C+Mark+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dresel&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; burial; chemical composition; geochemistry; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; indicators; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; monitoring; movement; noble gases; pollution; radioactive waste; soil gases; soils; spectra; underground disposal; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; waste management; Xe-133; Xe-135; xenon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and temporal variability of soil moisture content obtained using GPR data; accuracy, resolution, and implications for precision viticulture AN - 51766594; 2004-085508 AB - The ability to optimize winegrape production necessitates an understanding of the factors that influence their spatial and temporal variability. In the U.S. and in Australia, the majority of precision viticulture has focused on investigating the link between winegrape parameters and above-ground factors, such as the training, cultivation, and harvest timing of the grapes. Through trial and error and over hundreds of years, French winemakers have learned that certain soils and meteorological conditions produce finer wines than others. However, within new-world wine producing areas, where much of the active development and experimentation of grape growing and wine making is performed, very little emphasis has been given to investigating the role of soil properties on winegrapes. This is partly due to that fact that heretofore, most soil characterization has been performed using invasive methods (such as by digging backhoe pits). These techniques are invasive and laborious, and yet still provide information at a single point in time/space only, which is often insufficient to capture the field-scale variability in soil properties that are observed in winegrapes. We have investigated the applicability of ground penetrating radar (GPR) methods to provide very high resolution estimates of near surface water content within two California vineyard study sites: the Robert Mondavi Vineyard in Napa County and the Dehlinger Vineyard within Sonoma County. Using the travel time of ground- and reflected wave events, we estimated the dielectric constant and subsequently the soil water content of the soil layers in very high resolution at both sites. Comparison of our GPR-obtained estimates with conventional measurements of water content, soil texture and plant vigor measurements illustrated that the GPR estimates are accurate and reliable, and that water content, soil texture and plant vigor are correlated. Use of the GPR-obtained information in ecosystem numerical models suggested that high-resolution water content information is crucial for optimal management of vineyards. In this study, we illustrate the potential of GPR as a tool for investigating the spatial variability of soil water content, as well as the impact of utilizing high resolution water content information for precision viticulture practices. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Grote, Katherine AU - Lunt, Ian AU - Pierce, Lars AU - Peterson, John E AU - Rubin, Yoram AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 187 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - wine KW - United States KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - geophysical surveys KW - Australasia KW - popular geology KW - moisture KW - human activity KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - Napa County California KW - geophysical methods KW - agriculture KW - radar methods KW - ecosystems KW - California KW - land management KW - surveys KW - water content KW - Australia KW - Sonoma County California KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51766594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+temporal+variability+of+soil+moisture+content+obtained+using+GPR+data%3B+accuracy%2C+resolution%2C+and+implications+for+precision+viticulture&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BGrote%2C+Katherine%3BLunt%2C+Ian%3BPierce%2C+Lars%3BPeterson%2C+John+E%3BRubin%2C+Yoram%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; Australasia; Australia; California; ecosystems; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground-penetrating radar; human activity; land management; land use; moisture; Napa County California; numerical models; popular geology; radar methods; soils; Sonoma County California; surveys; United States; water content; wine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U-Th/He age of phenocrystic garnet from the 79 AD eruption of Mt. Vesuvius AN - 51736747; 2005-025638 AB - The U-Th/He system can potentially be used for dating volcanic rocks with ages as young as a few thousand years and as old as several million years, thus providing a valuable supplement to radiocarbon and K-Ar dating. Garnet phenocrysts from the 79 AD eruption of Mt. Vesuvius were dated to evaluate the accuracy with which the necessary measurements and corrections can be made. The determined age, corrected for diffusive loss of He, alpha ejection, and initial U-series disequilibrium, is 1885+ or -188 yr which compares well with the known age of 1923 yr. U and Th concentrations were measured by isotope dilution on different aliquots than were used for He concentration measurements. Step-wise degassing yielded an Arrhenius relationship for He diffusion in garnet with an activation energy of 91.31+ or -5.76 kJ/mol and ln D (sub 0) /a (super 2) = -2.00+ or -0.56. The uniformity of U and Th concentrations in garnet was checked by ion microprobe analysis. The (super 234) U/ (super 238) U and (super 230) Th/ (super 238) U activity ratios were measured by MC-ICPMS. The results suggest that with proper analysis and corrections, the U-Th/He method can be used to date young volcanic minerals with useful precision and accuracy, and may therefore be valuable for dating volcanic rocks that have low K or are otherwise difficult to date accurately with Ar-Ar or radiocarbon. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Aciego, Sarah AU - Kennedy, B M AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Christensen, John N AU - Hutcheon, Ian Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 209 EP - 219 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 216 IS - 1-2 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - silicates KW - volcanic rocks KW - Vesuvius KW - igneous rocks KW - garnet group KW - Europe KW - Holocene KW - Italy KW - uranium disequilibrium KW - Southern Europe KW - Cenozoic KW - (U-Th)/He KW - dates KW - volcanism KW - orthosilicates KW - absolute age KW - Roman period KW - experimental studies KW - Quaternary KW - Campania Italy KW - nesosilicates KW - Vesuvius eruption 79 KW - eruptions KW - volcanoes KW - upper Holocene KW - accuracy KW - phenocrysts KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51736747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=U-Th%2FHe+age+of+phenocrystic+garnet+from+the+79+AD+eruption+of+Mt.+Vesuvius&rft.au=Aciego%2C+Sarah%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BHutcheon%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Aciego&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=216&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0012-821X%2803%2900478-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - (U-Th)/He; absolute age; accuracy; Campania Italy; Cenozoic; dates; eruptions; Europe; experimental studies; garnet group; Holocene; igneous rocks; Italy; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; phenocrysts; Quaternary; Roman period; silicates; Southern Europe; upper Holocene; uranium disequilibrium; Vesuvius; Vesuvius eruption 79; volcanic rocks; volcanism; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00478-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The geochemistry of the geothermal and hydrologic system of the Separation Creek drainage, Three Sisters area, central Oregon, Cascades AN - 51605400; 2006-029574 AB - Helium isotope, carbon isotope, and general geochemistry data from a geochemical monitoring project, initiated in response to recent and on-going uplift in the Separation Creek drainage area, indicate the presence of a significant magma-driven geothermal system below the area. The center of uplift is located 5 km west of South Sister volcano. The uplift is thought to be caused by a magmatic intrusion at approx. 6.5 km depth. Despite the fact that most samples for this study were collected from dilute, low-temperature springs, the strong magma-driven geochemical signal demonstrates that such features can provide valuable data regarding the geothermal and hydrologic system when stronger surface evidence for geothermal activity is absent. The data from this study provide new insights into geothermal discharge through the complex hydrologic system of the Separation Creek drainage. Among other things our data show that a) the geothermal system is long-lived and not directly related to the current period of uplift; b) the magma recharge rate of the system is frequent enough to keep helium isotope ratios at upper mantle values; c) geothermal fluids discharge laterally away from the crest through the hydrologic system and interact along their flow paths with aquifer fluids/rocks, indicated by a correlation of decreasing helium and carbon isotopic ratios with distance from the area of uplift; d) A correlation between helium-3 and chloride suggests that the Separation Creek fluids are not unlike those discharging from the closest hot springs (located at least 25 km away from the volcano), but highly diluted with air-saturated groundwater. This indicates that at least part, possibly a major fraction, of the chloride in the geothermal water is magma-derived. Strong evidence for a geothermal system was not found in springs east of the Three Sisters crest. It is not clear, at this time, if the Separation Creek drainage presents a unique situation or if the strong magma-driven signal observed in the dilute cold springs is a common feature of Cascade volcanoes in regions of high annual precipitation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - van Soest, Matthijs C AU - Evans, William C AU - Mariner, Robert H AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Schmidt, Mariek E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 321 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Separation Creek KW - isotopes KW - uplifts KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - Three Sisters Oregon KW - Oregon KW - geothermal systems KW - noble gases KW - heat flow KW - carbon KW - drainage basins KW - springs KW - helium KW - geothermal gradient KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - isotope ratios KW - magmatism KW - C-13/C-12 KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - Cascade Range KW - South Sister KW - intrusions KW - volcanoes KW - He-4/He-3 KW - hot springs KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51605400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+geochemistry+of+the+geothermal+and+hydrologic+system+of+the+Separation+Creek+drainage%2C+Three+Sisters+area%2C+central+Oregon%2C+Cascades&rft.au=van+Soest%2C+Matthijs+C%3BEvans%2C+William+C%3BMariner%2C+Robert+H%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BSchmidt%2C+Mariek+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=van+Soest&rft.aufirst=Matthijs&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; carbon; Cascade Range; chemical composition; discharge; drainage basins; geochemistry; geothermal gradient; geothermal systems; ground water; He-4/He-3; heat flow; helium; hot springs; hydrochemistry; hydrology; intrusions; isotope ratios; isotopes; magmatism; monitoring; noble gases; Oregon; Separation Creek; South Sister; springs; stable isotopes; thermal waters; Three Sisters Oregon; United States; uplifts; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring soil water content with ground penetrating radar; a review AN - 51157556; 2004-026279 AB - We present a comprehensive review of methods to measure soil water content with ground penetrating radar (GPR). We distinguish four methodologies: soil water content determined from reflected wave velocity, soil water content determined from ground wave velocity, soil water content determined from transmitted wave velocity between boreholes, and soil water content determined from the surface reflection coefficient. For each of these four methodologies, we discuss the basic principles, illustrate the quality of the data with field examples, discuss the possibilities and limitations, and identify areas where future research is required. We hope that this review will further stimulate the community to consider ground penetrating radar as one of the possible tools to measure soil water content. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Huisman, J A AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Redman, J D AU - Annan, A P A2 - Ferre, Ty P. A. A2 - Kluitenberg, Gerard J. Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - November 2003 SP - 476 EP - 491 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 2 IS - 4 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - reflection KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - vertical orientation KW - ground methods KW - common-depth-point method KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - reflection methods KW - hydrogeology KW - measurement KW - hydrologic cycle KW - velocity KW - soil-water balance KW - review KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51157556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Measuring+soil+water+content+with+ground+penetrating+radar%3B+a+review&rft.au=Huisman%2C+J+A%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BRedman%2C+J+D%3BAnnan%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Huisman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=476&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 83 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on February 2, 2004; Includes papers from Special symposium on Physical measurements in the soil-plant-atmosphere system; 1, Advances in measurements at and below the ground surface; a tribute to Clarke Topp, Soil Science Society of America meeting, Nov. 10-14, 2002, Indianapolis, IN N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - common-depth-point method; geophysical methods; ground methods; ground-penetrating radar; hydrogeology; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; measurement; moisture; radar methods; reflection; reflection methods; review; soil-water balance; soils; velocity; vertical orientation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - super(18)O composition of CO sub(2) and H sub(2)O ecosystem pools and fluxes in a tallgrass prairie: Simulations and comparisons to measurements AN - 17845513; 5773213 AB - In this paper we describe measurements and modeling of super(18)O in CO sub(2) and H sub(2)O pools and fluxes at a tallgrass prairie site in Oklahoma. We present measurements of the delta super(18)O value of leaf water, depth-resolved soil water, atmospheric water vapor, and Keeling plot delta super(18)O intercepts for net soil-surface CO sub(2) and ecosystem CO sub(2) and H sub(2)O fluxes during three periods of the 2000 growing season. Daytime discrimination against C super(18)OO, as calculated from measured above-canopy CO sub(2) and delta super(18)O gradients, is also presented. To interpret the isotope measurements, we applied an integrated land-surface and isotope model (ISOLSM) that simulates ecosystem H sub(2) super(18)O and C super(18)OO stocks and fluxes. ISOLSM accurately predicted the measured isotopic composition of ecosystem water pools and the delta super(18)O value of net ecosystem CO sub(2) and H sub(2)O fluxes. Simulations indicate that incomplete equilibration between CO sub(2) and H sub(2)O within C sub(4) plant leaves can have a substantial impact on ecosystem discrimination. Diurnal variations in the delta super(18)O value of above-canopy vapor had a small impact on the predicted delta super(18)O value of ecosystem water pools, although sustained differences had a large impact. Diurnal variations in the delta super(18)O value of above-canopy CO sub(2) substantially affected the predicted ecosystem discrimination. Leaves dominate the ecosystem super(18)O-isoflux in CO sub(2) during the growing season, while the soil contribution is relatively small and less variable. However, interpreting daytime measurements of ecosystem C super(18)OO fluxes requires accurate predictions of both soil and leaf super(18)O-isofluxes. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Riley, W J AU - Still, C J AU - Helliker AU - Ribas-Carbo, M AU - Berry, JA AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Bldg 90-1106, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Geography, 3611 Ellison Hall, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA, Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Departamento de Biologia, Area de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07071 Illes Balears, Spain, wjriley@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/11// PY - 2003 DA - Nov 2003 SP - 1567 EP - 1581 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 9 IS - 11 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Oxygen isotopes in water KW - Diurnal variations KW - Growing season KW - Ecosystems KW - Oxygen-18 in atmospheric carbon dioxide KW - Models KW - USA, Oklahoma KW - Prairies KW - Ecosystems models KW - Numerical simulations KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Soil moisture KW - D 04115:Temperate grasslands KW - M2 551.586:Biometeorology and Bioclimatology (551.586) KW - M2 556.114.6:Element and inorganic content (of water) KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17845513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=super%2818%29O+composition+of+CO+sub%282%29+and+H+sub%282%29O+ecosystem+pools+and+fluxes+in+a+tallgrass+prairie%3A+Simulations+and+comparisons+to+measurements&rft.au=Riley%2C+W+J%3BStill%2C+C+J%3BHelliker%3BRibas-Carbo%2C+M%3BBerry%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2003.00680.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Oklahoma; Prairies; Soil moisture; Models; Ecosystems; Carbon dioxide; Numerical simulations; Growing season; Diurnal variations; Oxygen-18 in atmospheric carbon dioxide; Oxygen isotopes in water; Ecosystems models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00680.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Miscoding properties of 1,N6-ethanoadenine, a DNA adduct derived from reaction with the antitumor agent 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. AN - 71417788; 14637255 AB - 1,N(6)-Ethanoadenine (EA) is an exocyclic adduct formed from DNA reaction with the antitumor agent, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). To understand the role of this adduct in the mechanism of mutagenicity or carcinogenicity by BCNU, an oligonucleotide with a site-specific EA was synthesized using phosphoramidite chemistry. We now report the in vitro miscoding properties of EA in translesion DNA synthesis catalyzed by mammalian DNA polymerases (pols) alpha, beta, eta and iota. These data were also compared with those obtained for the structurally related exocyclic adduct, 1,N(6)-ethenoadenine (epsilonA). Using a primer extension assay, both pols alpha and beta were primarily blocked by EA or epsilonA with very minor extension. Pol eta, a member of the Y family of polymerases, was capable of catalyzing a significant amount of bypass across both adducts. Pol eta incorporated all four nucleotides opposite EA and epsilonA, but with differential preferences and mainly in an error-prone manner. Human pol iota, a paralog of human pol eta, was blocked by both adducts with a very small amount of synthesis past epsilonA. It incorporated C and, to a much lesser extent, T, opposite either adduct. In addition, the presence of an A adduct, e.g. epsilonA, could affect the specificity of pol iota toward the template T immediately 3' to the adduct. In conclusion, the four polymerases assayed on templates containing an EA or epsilonA showed differential bypass capacity and nucleotide incorporation specificity, with the two adducts not completely identical in influencing these properties. Although there was a measurable extent of error-free nucleotide incorporation, all these polymerases primarily misincorporated opposite EA, indicating that the adduct, similar to epsilonA, is a miscoding lesion. JF - Mutation research AU - Hang, Bo AU - Chenna, Ahmed AU - Guliaev, Anton B AU - Singer, B AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2003/10/29/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Oct 29 SP - 191 EP - 203 VL - 531 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - 1,N(6)-ethanoadenine KW - 0 KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating KW - Carcinogens KW - DNA Adducts KW - Mutagens KW - DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.7 KW - Adenine KW - JAC85A2161 KW - Carmustine KW - U68WG3173Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Templates, Genetic KW - DNA Replication KW - DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase -- metabolism KW - Carmustine -- metabolism KW - Adenine -- physiology KW - Adenine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71417788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Miscoding+properties+of+1%2CN6-ethanoadenine%2C+a+DNA+adduct+derived+from+reaction+with+the+antitumor+agent+1%2C3-bis%282-chloroethyl%29-1-nitrosourea.&rft.au=Hang%2C+Bo%3BChenna%2C+Ahmed%3BGuliaev%2C+Anton+B%3BSinger%2C+B&rft.aulast=Hang&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2003-10-29&rft.volume=531&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-22 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Mutat Res. 2004 Feb 26;546(1-2):105 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of time- and chemically resolved particulate data to characterize the infiltration of outdoor PM2.5 into a residence in the San Joaquin Valley. AN - 71337150; 14594384 AB - Recent studies associate particulate air pollution with adverse health effects. The indoor exposure to particles of outdoor origin is not well-characterized, particularly for individual chemical species. In response to this, a field study in an unoccupied, single-story residence in Clovis, CA, was conducted. Real-time particle monitors were used both outdoors and indoors to quantity PM2.5 nitrate, sulfate, and carbon. The aggregate of the highly time-resolved sulfate data, as well as averages of these data, was fit using a time-averaged form of the infiltration equation, resulting in reasonable values for the penetration coefficient and deposition loss rate. In contrast, individual values of the indoor/outdoor ratio can vary significantly from that predicted by the model for time scales ranging from a few minutes to several hours. Measured indoor ammonium nitrate levels were typically significantly lower than expected solely on the basis of penetration and deposition losses. The additional reduction is due to the transformation of ammonium nitrate into ammonia and nitric acid gases indoors, which are subsequently lost by deposition and sorption to indoor surfaces. This result illustrates that exposure assessments based on total outdoor particle mass can obscure the actual causal relationships for indoor exposures to particles of outdoor origin. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Lunden, Melissa M AU - Thatcher, Tracy L AU - Hering, Susanne V AU - Brown, Nancy J AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. mmlunden@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/10/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Oct 15 SP - 4724 EP - 4732 VL - 37 IS - 20 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Nitrates KW - Sulfates KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sulfates -- analysis KW - Particle Size KW - Carbon -- analysis KW - Nitrates -- analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Air Movements KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71337150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Use+of+time-+and+chemically+resolved+particulate+data+to+characterize+the+infiltration+of+outdoor+PM2.5+into+a+residence+in+the+San+Joaquin+Valley.&rft.au=Lunden%2C+Melissa+M%3BThatcher%2C+Tracy+L%3BHering%2C+Susanne+V%3BBrown%2C+Nancy+J&rft.aulast=Lunden&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.date=2003-10-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=4724&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-02-10 N1 - Date created - 2003-11-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pressure and fluid saturation prediction in a multicomponent reservoir using combined seismic and electromagnetic imaging AN - 51875178; 2004-019894 AB - This paper presents a method for combining seismic and electromagnetic (EM) measurements to predict changes in water saturation, pressure, and CO (sub 2) gas/oil ratio in a reservoir undergoing CO (sub 2) flood. Crosswell seismic and EM data sets taken before and during CO (sub 2) flooding of an oil reservoir are inverted to produce crosswell images of the change in compressional velocity, shear velocity, and electrical conductivity during a CO (sub 2) injection pilot study. A rock-properties model is developed using measured log porosity, fluid saturations, pressure, temperature, bulk density, sonic velocity, and electrical conductivity. The parameters of the rock-properties model are found by an L (sub 1) -norm simplex minimization of predicted and observed differences in compressional velocity and density. A separate minimization, using Archie's law, provides parameters for modeling the relations between water saturation, porosity, and electrical conductivity. The rock-properties model is used to generate relationships between changes in geophysical parameters and changes in reservoir parameters. Electrical conductivity changes are directly mapped to changes in water saturation; estimated changes in water saturation are used along with the observed changes in shear-wave velocity to predict changes in reservoir pressure. The estimation of the spatial extent and amount of CO (sub 2) relies on first removing the effects of the water saturation and pressure changes from the observed compressional velocity changes, producing a residual compressional velocity change. This velocity change is then interpreted in terms of increases in the CO (sub 2) /oil ratio. Resulting images of the CO (sub 2) /oil ratio show CO (sub 2) -rich zones that are well correlated to the location of injection perforations, with the size of these zones also correlating to the amount of injected CO (sub 2) . The images produced by this process are better correlated to the location and amount of injected CO (sub 2) than are any of the individual images of change in geophysical parameters. JF - Geophysics AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Gritto, Roland AU - Washbourne, John AU - Daley, Tom Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - October 2003 SP - 1580 EP - 1591 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 68 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - petroleum exploration KW - petroleum engineering KW - imagery KW - monitoring KW - pressure KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - oil and gas fields KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - California KW - Kern County California KW - Southern California KW - saturation KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - Lost Hills Field KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51875178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Pressure+and+fluid+saturation+prediction+in+a+multicomponent+reservoir+using+combined+seismic+and+electromagnetic+imaging&rft.au=Hoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BGritto%2C+Roland%3BWashbourne%2C+John%3BDaley%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Hoversten&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1580&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1620632 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; imagery; Kern County California; Lost Hills Field; monitoring; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum engineering; petroleum exploration; pressure; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saturation; seismic methods; Southern California; surveys; tomography; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1620632 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic oligosaccharide engineering as a tool for glycobiology AN - 17845450; 5768103 AB - Oligosaccharides transact information exchange at the cell surface and modulate the activities and distribution of proteins within cells. Recently, the ability to modify monosaccharide structures within cellular glycans through metabolic processes has offered a new avenue for biological studies. The technique of metabolic oligosaccharide engineering has been used to disrupt glycan biosynthesis, chemically modify cell surfaces, probe metabolic flux inside cells, and to identify specific glycoprotein subtypes from the proteome. JF - Current Opinion in Chemical Biology AU - Dube, D H AU - Bertozzi, C R AD - Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, bertozzi@cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - Oct 2003 SP - 616 EP - 625 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1367-5931, 1367-5931 KW - glycobiology KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cell surface KW - oligosaccharides KW - Reviews KW - Glycoproteins KW - monosaccharides KW - Polysaccharides KW - metabolic flux KW - W4 330:Biopolymers & Food Biotechnology KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17845450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Chemical+Biology&rft.atitle=Metabolic+oligosaccharide+engineering+as+a+tool+for+glycobiology&rft.au=Dube%2C+D+H%3BBertozzi%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Dube&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=616&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Chemical+Biology&rft.issn=13675931&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cbpa.2003.08.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - oligosaccharides; Cell surface; Polysaccharides; monosaccharides; Reviews; metabolic flux; Glycoproteins DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2003.08.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of orientation on the in vitro fracture toughness of dentin: the role of toughening mechanisms AN - 17817965; 5891162 AB - Toughening mechanisms based on the presence of collagen fibrils have long been proposed for mineralized biological tissues like bone and dentin; however, no direct evidence for their precise role has ever been provided. Furthermore, although the anisotropy of mechanical properties of dentin with respect to orientation has been suggested in the literature, accurate measurements to support the effect of orientation on the fracture toughness of dentin are not available. To address these issues, the in vitro fracture toughness of dentin, extracted from elephant tusk, has been characterized using fatigue-precracked compact-tension specimens tested in Hank's balanced salt solution at ambient temperature, with fracture paths perpendicular and parallel to the tubule orientations (and orientations in between) specifically being evaluated. It was found that the fracture toughness was lower where cracking occurred in the plane of the collagen fibers, as compared to crack paths perpendicular to the fibers. The origins of this effect on the toughness of dentin are discussed primarily in terms of the salient toughening mechanisms active in this material; specifically, the role of crack bridging, both from uncracked ligaments and by individual collagen fibrils, is considered. Estimates for the contributions from each of these mechanisms are provided from theoretical models available in the literature. JF - Biomaterials AU - Nalla, R K AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, roritchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - Oct 2003 SP - 3955 EP - 3968 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 24 IS - 22 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Bone (long) KW - Dentin KW - Ligaments KW - Anisotropy KW - Fractures KW - Collagen KW - Fibers KW - Biomaterials KW - Fibrils KW - Tubules KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17817965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Effect+of+orientation+on+the+in+vitro+fracture+toughness+of+dentin%3A+the+role+of+toughening+mechanisms&rft.au=Nalla%2C+R+K%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Nalla&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=3955&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0142-9612%2803%2900278-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dentin; Fractures; Collagen; Fibrils; Fibers; Bone (long); Temperature effects; Mechanical properties; Ligaments; Biomaterials; Tubules; Anisotropy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00278-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alternative Chromium Reduction And Heavy Metal Precipitation Methods for Industrial Wastewater AN - 16162176; 5774000 AB - A study of alternative chromium-reduction and heavy-metal precipitation methods was performed on wastewater generated by a metal-cleaning facility. Four existing chromium-reduction treatment methods were tested on the wastewater samples: treatment with (1) sodium metabisulfite, (2) ferrous sulfate, (3) zero-valent iron, and (4) dimethyl dithio carbamate, ferrous sulfate, and aluminum/chloride. We found that the first two methods are more effective in chrome reduction, while the last method achieved similar reduction results but produced more sludge than any of the other methods. Our results also indicated that when ferrous sulfate was used as a chrome reduction reagent at a low initial pH (2 to 3), the competitive oxidation reaction of ferrous ions with dissolved oxygen in solution is insignificant. When iron powder was used to reduce hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium, we found that (a) when the sample containing low levels of total chromium ( less than or equal to 1.54 x 10 super(-4) mole/liter) was mixed properly with zero-valent iron powders at a low pH (4 to 5), the total chromium concentration could be reduced to 1 mg/l in 3 hours; and (b) the chrome absorption-reduction efficiency is limited by the transport process of Cr(VI) from the bulk of the wastewater to the surface of the iron powder. In a leaching test of used iron powder filtered from the treated wastewater, we also found that most of chromium absorbed on the iron powder was very stable, and only low Cr(VI) was detected in the leachate. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Chang, Li-Yang AD - EH&S Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS85B, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, lychang@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/10// PY - 2003 DA - Oct 2003 SP - 174 EP - 182 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Sulfates KW - Reagents KW - Leaching KW - Chromium KW - Industrial Wastewater KW - Dissolved Oxygen KW - Chlorides KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Precipitation KW - Sludge KW - Heavy Metals KW - Sodium KW - Oxidation KW - Aluminum KW - Leachates KW - Iron KW - Wastewater Treatment KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16162176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Alternative+Chromium+Reduction+And+Heavy+Metal+Precipitation+Methods+for+Industrial+Wastewater&rft.au=Chang%2C+Li-Yang&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Li-Yang&rft.date=2003-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfates; Testing Procedures; Reagents; Leaching; Chromium; Industrial Wastewater; Chlorides; Dissolved Oxygen; Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Precipitation; Sludge; Heavy Metals; Sodium; Aluminum; Oxidation; Wastewater Treatment; Iron; Leachates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionizing radiation induces heritable disruption of epithelial cell interactions. AN - 73658362; 12960393 AB - Ionizing radiation (IR) is a known human breast carcinogen. Although the mutagenic capacity of IR is widely acknowledged as the basis for its action as a carcinogen, we and others have shown that IR can also induce growth factors and extracellular matrix remodeling. As a consequence, we have proposed that an additional factor contributing to IR carcinogenesis is the potential disruption of critical constraints that are imposed by normal cell interactions. To test this hypothesis, we asked whether IR affected the ability of nonmalignant human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) to undergo tissue-specific morphogenesis in culture by using confocal microscopy and imaging bioinformatics. We found that irradiated single HMEC gave rise to colonies exhibiting decreased localization of E-cadherin, beta-catenin, and connexin-43, proteins necessary for the establishment of polarity and communication. Severely compromised acinar organization was manifested by the majority of irradiated HMEC progeny as quantified by image analysis. Disrupted cell-cell communication, aberrant cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and loss of tissue-specific architecture observed in the daughters of irradiated HMEC are characteristic of neoplastic progression. These data point to a heritable, nonmutational mechanism whereby IR compromises cell polarity and multicellular organization. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Park, Catherine C AU - Henshall-Powell, Rhonda L AU - Erickson, Anna C AU - Talhouk, Rabih AU - Parvin, Bahram AU - Bissell, Mina J AU - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2003/09/16/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Sep 16 SP - 10728 EP - 10733 VL - 100 IS - 19 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - CTNNB1 protein, human KW - 0 KW - Cadherins KW - Cytoskeletal Proteins KW - Trans-Activators KW - beta Catenin KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - NASA Discipline Radiation Health KW - Non-NASA Center KW - Trans-Activators -- metabolism KW - Cadherins -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Morphogenesis KW - Cytoskeletal Proteins -- metabolism KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Cell Line KW - Radiation, Ionizing KW - Cell Adhesion KW - Epithelial Cells -- metabolism KW - Epithelial Cells -- cytology KW - Epithelial Cells -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73658362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Ionizing+radiation+induces+heritable+disruption+of+epithelial+cell+interactions.&rft.au=Park%2C+Catherine+C%3BHenshall-Powell%2C+Rhonda+L%3BErickson%2C+Anna+C%3BTalhouk%2C+Rabih%3BParvin%2C+Bahram%3BBissell%2C+Mina+J%3BBarcellos-Hoff%2C+Mary+Helen&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2003-09-16&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=10728&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-29 N1 - Date created - 2003-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Int J Radiat Biol. 2000 Jun;76(6):799-806 [10902734] Int J Radiat Biol. 1995 Mar;67(3):287-93 [7897277] Semin Cancer Biol. 2001 Apr;11(2):97-104 [11322829] J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 2001 Apr;6(2):213-21 [11501581] Nat Genet. 2001 Oct;29(2):117-29 [11586292] Radiat Res. 2001 Nov;156(5 Pt 2):618-27 [11604083] Nat Genet. 2001 Dec;29(4):459-64 [11694878] J Cell Biol. 2002 Jan 21;156(2):299-313 [11790801] Nat Rev Cancer. 2001 Oct;1(1):46-54 [11900251] J Clin Invest. 2002 Apr;109(8):987-91 [11956233] J Clin Invest. 1995 Aug;96(2):931-9 [7543495] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995 Nov 1;33(4):959-60 [7591909] Cancer Res. 1996 May 1;56(9):2039-44 [8616848] Histol Histopathol. 1996 Jan;11(1):237-55 [8720467] Virchows Arch. 1997 Jan;430(1):23-8 [9037311] J Cell Sci. 1997 Feb;110 ( Pt 3):311-22 [9057084] J Cell Biol. 1997 Apr 7;137(1):231-45 [9105051] FASEB J. 1997 Oct;11(12):991-1002 [9337152] Br J Cancer. 1997;76(9):1131-3 [9365159] J Cell Biol. 1997 Dec 29;139(7):1861-72 [9412478] Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Feb;106 Suppl 1:331-9 [9539027] Cell Growth Differ. 1998 May;9(5):393-404 [9607560] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998 Jul 15;41(5):1171-6 [9719129] Curr Biol. 1998 Nov 19;8(23):1243-52 [9822576] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Dec 8;95(25):14821-6 [9843973] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 May 11;96(10):5346-7 [10318883] Cell. 1999 Jul 23;98(2):137-46 [10428026] Cancer Res. 1999 Aug 1;59(15):3552-6 [10446959] Cancer Cell. 2002 Sep;2(3):205-16 [12242153] Cancer Res. 2000 Jan 15;60(2):298-304 [10667580] J Cell Biol. 2000 Feb 7;148(3):399-404 [10662767] Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 1;60(5):1254-60 [10728684] J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 1998 Apr;3(2):165-75 [10819525] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Oct 2;94(19):1494-503 [12359858] Cancer Res. 2002 Oct 15;62(20):5627-31 [12384514] Curr Drug Targets. 2002 Dec;3(6):465-82 [12448698] Strahlenther Onkol. 2002 Dec;178(12):709-14 [12491059] Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1089-91 [493994] Cancer Res. 1985 Jul;45(7):2935-42 [3891078] Radiat Res. 1987 Nov;112(2):243-72 [3685255] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(2):473-6 [3422438] Cancer Res. 1989 Nov 1;49(21):6130-6 [2790825] Development. 1989 Feb;105(2):223-35 [2806122] Science. 1990 Jun 29;248(4963):1656-60 [2163544] Radiat Res. 1990 Sep;123(3):241-51 [2217720] Cell. 1991 Jul 12;66(1):107-19 [2070412] J Cell Biol. 1991 Aug;114(3):545-55 [1650371] Nature. 1992 Feb 20;355(6362):738-40 [1741061] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Oct 1;89(19):9064-8 [1384042] Cancer Res. 1993 Sep 1;53(17):3880-6 [8358713] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Oct 20;85(20):1679-85 [8411245] J Clin Invest. 1994 Feb;93(2):892-9 [8113421] Cancer Res. 2001 Mar 1;61(5):1765-7 [11280719] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ reduction of chromium(VI) in heavily contaminated soils through organic carbon amendment. AN - 75755115; 14535304 AB - Chromium has become an important soil contaminant at many sites, and facilitating in situ reduction of toxic Cr(VI) to nontoxic Cr(III) is becoming an attractive remediation strategy. Acceleration of Cr(VI) reduction in soils by addition of organic carbon was tested in columns pretreated with solutions containing 1000 and 10 000 mg L(-1) Cr(VI) to evaluate potential in situ remediation of highly contaminated soils. Solutions containing 0,800, or 4000 mg L(-1) organic carbon in the form of tryptic soy broth or lactate were diffused into the Cr(VI)-contaminated soils. Changes in Cr oxidation state were monitored through periodic micro-XANES analyses of soil columns. Effective first-order reduction rate constants ranged from 1.4 x 10(-8) to 1.5 x 10(-7) s(-1), with higher values obtained for lower levels of initial Cr(VI) and higher levels of organic carbon. Comparisons with sterile soils showed that microbially dependent processes were largely responsible for Cr(VI) reduction, except in the soils initially exposed to 10 000 mg L(-1) Cr(VI) solutions that receive little (800 mg L(-1)) or no organic carbon. However, the microbial populations (< or = 2.1 x 10(5) g(-1)) in the viable soils are probably too low for direct enzymatic Cr(VI) reduction to be important. Thus, synergistic effects sustained in whole soil systems may have accounted for most of the observed reduction. These results show that acceleration of in situ Cr(VI) reduction with addition of organic carbon is possible in even heavily contaminated soils and suggest that microbially dependent reduction pathways can be dominant. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Firestone, Mary K AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Olson, Keith R AU - Herman, Donald J AU - Sutton, Stephen R AU - Lanzirotti, Antonio AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. tktokunaga@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 1641 EP - 1649 VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - chromium hexavalent ion KW - 18540-29-9 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Bacteria -- enzymology KW - Population Dynamics KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Soil Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- metabolism KW - Carbon -- metabolism KW - Chromium -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75755115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=In+situ+reduction+of+chromium%28VI%29+in+heavily+contaminated+soils+through+organic+carbon+amendment.&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BFirestone%2C+Mary+K%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BOlson%2C+Keith+R%3BHerman%2C+Donald+J%3BSutton%2C+Stephen+R%3BLanzirotti%2C+Antonio&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progenitor endothelial cell involvement in Alzheimer's disease. AN - 75702082; 14503016 AB - There is compelling evidence that endothelial cells of the brain and periphery are dysfunctional in Alzheimer's disease. There is evidence for a fundamental defect in, or abnormal aging of, endothelial progenitor cells in atherosclerosis. The possibility that endothelial cell defects are a primary cause for Alzheimer's disease or other dementias can be researched by molecular and cell biology studies as well as cell trafficking studies using recently demonstrated molecular imaging methods. The evidence for abnormal endothelial function and the methods to explore this hypothesis are presented. JF - Neurological research AU - Budinger, Thomas F AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, UC Berkeley, USA. Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 617 EP - 624 VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0161-6412, 0161-6412 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Regeneration -- physiology KW - Bacterial Infections -- physiopathology KW - Humans KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- cytology KW - Encephalitis -- immunology KW - Bacterial Infections -- immunology KW - Encephalitis -- microbiology KW - Hematopoietic Stem Cells -- physiology KW - Bacterial Infections -- complications KW - Encephalitis -- chemically induced KW - Cerebrovascular Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Alzheimer Disease -- physiopathology KW - Stem Cells -- physiology KW - Endothelium, Vascular -- physiopathology KW - Cerebral Arteries -- pathology KW - Endothelium, Vascular -- growth & development KW - Stem Cells -- cytology KW - Endothelium, Vascular -- pathology KW - Alzheimer Disease -- etiology KW - Cerebrovascular Disorders -- pathology KW - Cerebral Arteries -- growth & development KW - Cerebral Arteries -- physiopathology KW - Alzheimer Disease -- pathology KW - Cerebrovascular Disorders -- complications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75702082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurological+research&rft.atitle=Progenitor+endothelial+cell+involvement+in+Alzheimer%27s+disease.&rft.au=Budinger%2C+Thomas+F&rft.aulast=Budinger&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurological+research&rft.issn=01616412&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2003-09-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overlesioned hemiparkinsonian non human primate model: correlation between clinical, neurochemical and histochemical changes. AN - 73639145; 12957824 AB - Monkeys treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) have been widely used as animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Depending on the method of administration different PD models can be developed. Systemic (iv, sc.) MPTP administration can induce an advanced parkinsonian syndrome. However, systemic administration may require intensive animal care after neurotoxin administration, as well as repeated high doses of MPTP to avoid spontaneous recovery. Unilateral intracarotid artery (ICA) MPTP administration induces a stable hemiparkinsonian syndrome, with the advantage of allowing the animal to groom and feed itself and having a control side in the same animal. However, this unilateral syndrome lacks the bilateral characteristics of advanced PD. Bilateral ICA administration can induce a reliable bilateral syndrome but inherent is the risk of severely impairing the animals and leaving them unable to maintain themselves. This report analyzed the PD model induced by administration of unilateral ICA and subsequent intravenous injections of MPTP in rhesus monkeys. The combined method of MPTP administration induces an advanced stable parkinsonian syndrome, in which the ICA injection of MPTP initiates the parkinsonian syndrome primarily in one hemisphere and the subsequent iv. doses (administered as needed) further deplete the dopamine (DA) system to induce a bilateral lesion in a shorter period of time, with fewer side effects. We studied the relationships between the behavioral, biochemical and histochemical changes related to the combined MPTP treatments to further characterize this model. The monkeys were categorized as presenting mild (stage 2) or moderate (stage 3) parkinsonism based on a parkinsonian rating scale. Postmortem biochemical analysis showed massive DA reduction equally in the caudate nucleus and putamen ipsilateral to ICA MPTP infusion, with varying degrees of DA preservation in the contralateral striatum. Differences between stage 2 and stage 3 were attributed to DA concentrations in the caudate nucleus and putamen of the contralateral hemisphere. Tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry revealed that the midbrain DA neurons of the group A8, A9, and A10 showed differential vulnerability for MPTP. This finding was similar to that observed in idiopathic PD with significant relationships between the clinical stages and cell losses in the group A9 (substantia nigra pars compacta). Positron emission tomography (PET) using [18F] 6-fluoro-L-m- tyrosine (FMT) showed that uptake (Ki) values correlated well with the biochemical data and are good predictors of DA levels in the contralateral striatal regions. Consistent with the immunohistochemical analysis, PET data also showed significant correlations with all groups of the DA cells. Here we describe an animal model that can play an important role in understanding the symptoms and therapeutic basis of PD since different severities of parkinsonian symptoms can be mimicked. JF - Frontiers in bioscience : a journal and virtual library AU - Oiwa, Yoshitsugu AU - Eberling, Jamie L AU - Nagy, Dea AU - Pivirotto, Phillip AU - Emborg, Marina E AU - Bankiewicz, Krys S AD - Center for Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2003/09/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Sep 01 SP - a155 EP - a166 VL - 8 SN - 1093-9946, 1093-9946 KW - Fluorine Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - 6-fluoro-3-tyrosine KW - 148613-12-1 KW - Tyrosine KW - 42HK56048U KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine KW - 9P21XSP91P KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.16.2 KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Parkinsonian Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Injections, Intra-Arterial KW - Humans KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- metabolism KW - Parkinsonian Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Fluorine Radioisotopes -- metabolism KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Neurochemistry KW - Histocytochemistry KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine -- administration & dosage KW - Carotid Arteries KW - Corpus Striatum -- chemistry KW - Brain -- pathology KW - 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine -- pharmacology KW - Dopamine -- analysis KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Macaca mulatta KW - Corpus Striatum -- pathology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Tomography, Emission-Computed -- methods KW - Parkinson Disease, Secondary -- physiopathology KW - Parkinson Disease, Secondary -- metabolism KW - Parkinson Disease, Secondary -- chemically induced KW - Parkinson Disease, Secondary -- pathology KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Tyrosine -- metabolism KW - Tyrosine -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73639145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+bioscience+%3A+a+journal+and+virtual+library&rft.atitle=Overlesioned+hemiparkinsonian+non+human+primate+model%3A+correlation+between+clinical%2C+neurochemical+and+histochemical+changes.&rft.au=Oiwa%2C+Yoshitsugu%3BEberling%2C+Jamie+L%3BNagy%2C+Dea%3BPivirotto%2C+Phillip%3BEmborg%2C+Marina+E%3BBankiewicz%2C+Krys+S&rft.aulast=Oiwa&rft.aufirst=Yoshitsugu&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=a155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Frontiers+in+bioscience+%3A+a+journal+and+virtual+library&rft.issn=10939946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-24 N1 - Date created - 2003-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responding to sudden pollutant releases in office buildings: 1. Framework and analysis tools. AN - 73615749; 12950590 AB - We describe a framework for developing response recommendations to unexpected toxic pollutant releases in commercial buildings. It may be applied in conditions where limited building- and event-specific information is available. The framework is based on a screening-level methodology to develop insights, or rules-of-thumb, into the behavior of airflow and pollutant transport. A three-stage framework is presented: (1). develop a building taxonomy to identify generic, or prototypical, building configurations; (2). characterize uncertainty and conduct simulation modeling to predict typical airflow and pollutant transport behavior; and (3). rank uncertainty contributions to determine how information obtained at a site might reduce uncertainties in the model predictions. The approach is applied to study a hypothetical pollutant release on the first floor of a five-story office building. Key features that affect pollutant transport are identified and described by value ranges in the building stock. Simulation modeling provides predictions and uncertainty estimates of time-dependent pollutant concentrations, following a release, for a range of indoor and outdoor conditions. In this exercise, we predict concentrations on the fifth floor to be an order of magnitude less than on the first, coefficients of variation greater than 2, and information about the HVAC operation and window position most reducing uncertainty in predicted peak concentrations. JF - Indoor air AU - Sohn, M D AU - Sextro, R G AU - Gadgil, A J AU - Daisey, J M AD - Indoor Environment Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. mdsohn@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 267 EP - 276 VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ventilation KW - Humans KW - Forecasting KW - Facility Design and Construction KW - Air Movements KW - Risk Assessment KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Organizational Policy KW - Disaster Planning KW - Workplace KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73615749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Responding+to+sudden+pollutant+releases+in+office+buildings%3A+1.+Framework+and+analysis+tools.&rft.au=Sohn%2C+M+D%3BSextro%2C+R+G%3BGadgil%2C+A+J%3BDaisey%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Sohn&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-17 N1 - Date created - 2003-09-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Method for the control of NOx emissions in long-range space travel. AN - 71506036; 14672086 AB - The wheat straw, an inedible biomass that can be continuously produced in a space vehicle has been used to produce activated carbon for effective control of NOx emissions from the incineration of wastes. The optimal carbonization temperature of wheat straw was found to be around 600 degrees C when a burnoff of 67% was observed. The BET surface area of the activated carbon produced from the wheat straw reached as high as 300 m2/g. The presence of oxygen in flue gas is essential for effective adsorption of NO by activated carbon. On the contrary, water vapor inhibits the adsorption efficiency of NO. Consequently, water vapor in flue gas should be removed by drying agents before adsorption to ensure high NO adsorption efficiency. All of the NO in the flue gas was removed for more than 2 h by the activated carbons when 10% oxygen was present and the ratio of carbon weight to the flue gas flow rate (W/F) was 30 g min/L, with a contact time of 10.2 s. All of NO was reduced to N2 by the activated carbon at 450 degrees C with a W/F ratio of 15 g min/L and a contact time of 5.1 s. Reduction of the adsorbed NO also regenerated the activated carbon, and the regenerated activated carbon exhibited an improved NO adsorption efficiency. However, the reduction of the adsorbed NO resulted in a loss of carbon which was determined to be about 0.99% of the activated carbon per cycle of regeneration. The sufficiency of the amount of wheat straw in providing the activated carbon based on a six-person crew, such as the mission planned for Mars, has been determined. This novel approach for the control of NOx emissions is sustainable in a closed system such as the case in space travel. It is simple to operate and is functional under microgravity environment. JF - Energy & fuels : an American Chemical Society journal AU - Xu, X H AU - Shi, Y AU - Liu, S H AU - Wang, H P AU - Chang, S G AU - Fisher, J W AU - Pisharody, S AU - Moran, M AU - Wignarajah, K AD - Environmental Energy Technology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. PY - 2003 SP - 1303 EP - 1310 VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 0887-0624, 0887-0624 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Charcoal KW - 16291-96-6 KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Space life sciences KW - NASA Program Advanced Human Support Technology KW - NASA Center ARC KW - NASA Discipline Life Support Systems KW - Nitrogen -- chemistry KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Incineration KW - Carbon Dioxide -- chemistry KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Temperature KW - Adsorption KW - Oxygen -- chemistry KW - Biomass KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control KW - Air Conditioning -- methods KW - Air Pollutants -- chemistry KW - Space Flight -- instrumentation KW - Charcoal -- chemical synthesis KW - Life Support Systems -- instrumentation KW - Nitric Oxide -- chemistry KW - Ecological Systems, Closed KW - Triticum -- chemistry KW - Charcoal -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71506036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+fuels+%3A+an+American+Chemical+Society+journal&rft.atitle=Method+for+the+control+of+NOx+emissions+in+long-range+space+travel.&rft.au=Xu%2C+X+H%3BShi%2C+Y%3BLiu%2C+S+H%3BWang%2C+H+P%3BChang%2C+S+G%3BFisher%2C+J+W%3BPisharody%2C+S%3BMoran%2C+M%3BWignarajah%2C+K&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+fuels+%3A+an+American+Chemical+Society+journal&rft.issn=08870624&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-16 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quaternary facies assemblages and their bounding surfaces, Chesapeake Bay mouth; an approach to mesoscale stratigraphic analysis AN - 51930342; 2003-073034 AB - Shallow marine facies assemblages in the late Quaternary section of Virginia's Eastern Shore Peninsula shed new light on the relationship between mesoscale stratigraphic units (facies assemblages or "depositional systems") and the bounding surfaces from which they have been formed. These units were deposited by the coast-parallel progradation of the Pleistocene barrier spit (Eastern Shore Peninsula) during successive highstands. As a consequence, each segment of the spit complex has been produced by the coast-parallel translation of a relatively small growth area at the spit tip. The distal end of the present (Holocene) barrier system appears to closely resemble the Pleistocene highstand growth area, and this environment consequently serves as a partial analog for interpreting the depositional environment of the fossil highstand deposits. The many facies patterns present in the spit complex can be reduced to four kinds of facies assemblages (depositional systems), adopting a process-based model (facies template). In this scheme, definitions of both "facies" and "facies assemblage" are more limited than is the case in most textbook definitions in that the facies of a given assemblage are systematically related to each other by grain size and stratal pattern, and also related to a bounding surface ("source diastem") which is the immediate source of sediment for the facies assemblage. Vertical transitions between individual facies are easily identified in outcrop, but the horizontal gradients of facies change are too gentle to be observed over the short dimensions of the borrow pits, and do not have sufficient acoustic contrast to appear on ground-penetrating radar records. However, the facies assemblages, both in the borrow pits and on radar records, stand out by virtue of their sharply defined bounding surfaces (source diastems). The facies assemblage either buries its source diastem or is capped by it. The assemblages in the spit complex are, in ascending stratigraphic order: (1) several tidal shoal assemblages, each underlain by a channel-base diastem, (2) Two shoreface assemblages separated by an intervening marginal shoal assemblage and its underlying channel-base diastem, and (3) a beach-strandplain assemblage, underlain by a surf diastem. All of these systems prograded southward as the nose of the spit prograded, and while they did so, zones of erosion cut the bounding surfaces that separate them. Two important bounding surfaces are "conjugate" surfaces, that nourished both the facies assemblage above and the assemblage beneath. As each surface advanced, erosion at their leading edge spilled sediment forward, down the nose of the spit, while sediment was also swept backward, aiding in the burial of the surface. A conjugate surface creates a "sandwich" structure, in which two facies assemblages are separated by the generating surface. Proximal facies are back-to-back across these sediment-spreading boundaries. Episodic progradation of the spit tip by development of successive, recurved, beach ridges has overprinted the horizontal first-order reflectors (separating facies assemblages) with gently dipping second-order reflectors that separate successive growth increments of the spit. Although less clearly defined, these growth increments are essentially high-frequency autocyclic sequences, and constitute the next higher scale of spatial organization above the depositional systems scale. The manner in which facies have been organized into depositional systems in the late Pleistocene highstand deposits of the Eastern Shore is specific to this estuary-mouth setting. These assemblages are, however, local expressions of a facies "template" that can be generalized to many other settings. JF - Journal of Sedimentary Research AU - Parsons, Brian AU - Swift, Donald J P AU - Williams, Kenneth Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 672 EP - 690 PB - Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 73 IS - 5 SN - 1527-1404, 1527-1404 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Virginia KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - Cenozoic KW - lithofacies KW - sea-level changes KW - planar bedding structures KW - cross-stratification KW - mud KW - upper Quaternary KW - sediments KW - coastal environment KW - propagation KW - depositional environment KW - sedimentary structures KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51930342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sedimentary+Research&rft.atitle=Quaternary+facies+assemblages+and+their+bounding+surfaces%2C+Chesapeake+Bay+mouth%3B+an+approach+to+mesoscale+stratigraphic+analysis&rft.au=Parsons%2C+Brian%3BSwift%2C+Donald+J+P%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth&rft.aulast=Parsons&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Sedimentary+Research&rft.issn=15271404&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jsedres.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; Chesapeake Bay; clastic sediments; coastal environment; cross-stratification; depositional environment; lithofacies; lithostratigraphy; mud; Northampton County Virginia; planar bedding structures; propagation; Quaternary; sea-level changes; sedimentary structures; sediments; United States; upper Quaternary; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismicity induced by seasonal groundwater recharge at Mt. Hood, Oregon AN - 51781490; 2004-082815 AB - Groundwater recharge at Mt. Hood, Oregon, is dominated by spring snow melt which provides a natural large-amplitude and narrow-width pore-fluid pressure signal. Time delays between this seasonal groundwater recharge and seismicity triggered by groundwater recharge can thus be used to estimate large-scale hydraulic diffusivities and the state of stress in the crust. We approximate seasonal variations in groundwater recharge with discharge in runoff-dominated streams at high elevations. We interpolate the time series of number of earthquakes, N, seismic moment, M (sub o) , and stream discharge, Q, and determine cross-correlation coefficients at equivalent frequency bands between Q and both N and M (sub o) . We find statistically significant correlation coefficients at a mean time lag of about 151 days. This time lag and a mean earthquake depth of about 4.5 km are used in the solution to the pressure diffusion equation, under periodic (1 year) boundary conditions, to estimate a hydraulic diffusivity of kappa nearly equal 10 (super -1) m (super 2) /s, a hydraulic conductivity of about K (sub h) nearly equal 10 (super -7) m/s, and a permeability of about k nearly equal 10 (super -15) m (super 2) . Periodic boundary conditions also allow us to determine a critical pore-fluid pressure fraction, P'/P (sub 0) nearly equal 0.1, of the applied near-surface pore-fluid pressure perturbation, P (sub 0) nearly equal 0.1 MPa, that has to be reached at the mean earthquake depth to cause hydroseismicity. The low magnitude of P' nearly equal 0.01 MPa is consistent with other studies that propose 0.01< or =P'< or =0.1 MPa and suggests that the state of stress in the crust near Mt. Hood could be near critical for failure. Therefore, we conclude that, while earthquakes occur throughout the year at Mt. Hood, elevated seismicity levels along pre-existing faults south of Mt. Hood during summer months are hydrologically induced by a reduction in effective stress. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Saar, Martin O AU - Manga, Michael Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - September 2003 SP - 605 EP - 618 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 214 IS - 3-4 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - United States KW - vertical-component seismographs KW - rivers and streams KW - Salmon River KW - ground water KW - Oregon KW - short-period seismographs KW - seismicity KW - pore pressure KW - snow KW - discharge KW - induced earthquakes KW - faults KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - pressure KW - time series analysis KW - seismic moment KW - stress KW - statistical analysis KW - Mount Hood KW - seismographs KW - boundary conditions KW - correlation coefficient KW - Cascade Range KW - recharge KW - fluid pressure KW - volcanoes KW - seasonal variations KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - earthquakes KW - permeability KW - meltwater KW - 19:Seismology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51781490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Seismicity+induced+by+seasonal+groundwater+recharge+at+Mt.+Hood%2C+Oregon&rft.au=Saar%2C+Martin+O%3BManga%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Saar&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=214&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0012-821X%2803%2900418-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; Cascade Range; correlation coefficient; discharge; earthquakes; faults; fluid pressure; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; induced earthquakes; meltwater; monitoring; Mount Hood; Oregon; permeability; pore pressure; pressure; recharge; rivers and streams; Salmon River; seasonal variations; seismic moment; seismicity; seismographs; short-period seismographs; snow; statistical analysis; stress; time series analysis; United States; vertical-component seismographs; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00418-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Productivity benefits of industrial energy efficiency measures AN - 20430339; 5667055 AB - We review the relationship between energy efficiency improvement measures and productivity in industry. We review over 70 industrial case studies from widely available published databases, followed by an analysis of the representation of productivity benefits in energy modeling. We propose a method to include productivity benefits in the economic assessment of the potential for energy efficiency improvement. The case-study review suggests that energy efficiency investments can provide a significant boost to overall productivity within industry. If this relationship holds, the description of energy-efficient technologies as opportunities for larger productivity improvements has significant implications for conventional economic assessments. The paper explores the implications this change in perspective on the evaluation of energy-efficient technologies for a study of the iron and steel industry in the US. This examination shows that including productivity benefits explicitly in the modeling parameters would double the cost-effective potential for energy efficiency improvement, compared to an analysis excluding those benefits. We provide suggestions for future research in this important area. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Worrell, E AU - Laitner, JA AU - Ruth, M AU - Finman, H AD - Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS: 90R4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, eworrell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/09// PY - 2003 DA - Sep 2003 SP - 1081 EP - 1098 PB - Pergamon Press Ltd VL - 28 IS - 11 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - case studies KW - Energy efficiency KW - Reviews KW - Economics KW - Metal industry KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20430339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Productivity+benefits+of+industrial+energy+efficiency+measures&rft.au=Worrell%2C+E%3BLaitner%2C+JA%3BRuth%2C+M%3BFinman%2C+H&rft.aulast=Worrell&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-09-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1081&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0360-5442%2803%2900091-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; Energy efficiency; Reviews; Economics; Metal industry; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00091-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Position specific variation in the rate of evolution in transcription factor binding sites. AN - 71313154; 12946282 AB - BACKGROUNDThe binding sites of sequence specific transcription factors are an important and relatively well-understood class of functional non-coding DNAs. Although a wide variety of experimental and computational methods have been developed to characterize transcription factor binding sites, they remain difficult to identify. Comparison of non-coding DNA from related species has shown considerable promise in identifying these functional non-coding sequences, even though relatively little is known about their evolution.RESULTSHere we analyse the genome sequences of the budding yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, S. bayanus, S. paradoxus and S. mikatae to study the evolution of transcription factor binding sites. As expected, we find that both experimentally characterized and computationally predicted binding sites evolve slower than surrounding sequence, consistent with the hypothesis that they are under purifying selection. We also observe position-specific variation in the rate of evolution within binding sites. We find that the position-specific rate of evolution is positively correlated with degeneracy among binding sites within S. cerevisiae. We test theoretical predictions for the rate of evolution at positions where the base frequencies deviate from background due to purifying selection and find reasonable agreement with the observed rates of evolution. Finally, we show how the evolutionary characteristics of real binding motifs can be used to distinguish them from artefacts of computational motif finding algorithms.CONCLUSIONAs has been observed for protein sequences, the rate of evolution in transcription factor binding sites varies with position, suggesting that some regions are under stronger functional constraint than others. This variation likely reflects the varying importance of different positions in the formation of the protein-DNA complex. The characterization of the pattern of evolution in known binding sites will likely contribute to the effective use of comparative sequence data in the identification of transcription factor binding sites and is an important step toward understanding the evolution of functional non-coding DNA. JF - BMC evolutionary biology AU - Moses, Alan M AU - Chiang, Derek Y AU - Kellis, Manolis AU - Lander, Eric S AU - Eisen, Michael B AD - Graduate Group in Biophysics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. amoses@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/08/28/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Aug 28 SP - 19 VL - 3 KW - Transcription Factors KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic -- physiology KW - Saccharomyces -- genetics KW - Artifacts KW - Base Composition KW - Computational Biology -- methods KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Genome, Fungal KW - Binding Sites -- physiology KW - Mutagenesis KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- genetics KW - Base Sequence KW - Conserved Sequence KW - Computational Biology -- statistics & numerical data KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic -- genetics KW - Binding Sites -- genetics KW - Genetic Variation KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - Evolution, Molecular UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71313154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+evolutionary+biology&rft.atitle=Position+specific+variation+in+the+rate+of+evolution+in+transcription+factor+binding+sites.&rft.au=Moses%2C+Alan+M%3BChiang%2C+Derek+Y%3BKellis%2C+Manolis%3BLander%2C+Eric+S%3BEisen%2C+Michael+B&rft.aulast=Moses&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2003-08-28&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+evolutionary+biology&rft.issn=1471-2148&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-02 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Genome Res. 2001 Jul;11(7):1175-86 [11435399] Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Jan 1;26(1):68-72 [9399803] Genome Res. 2002 Feb;12(2):298-308 [11827949] Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Apr 1;30(7):1704-11 [11917033] Syst Biol. 1997 Jun;46(2):346-53 [11975345] Development. 1998 Mar;125(5):949-58 [9449677] Nature. 1998 Feb 12;391(6668):660-6 [9490409] Structure. 1998 May 15;6(5):549-54 [9634693] Mol Biol Evol. 1998 Jul;15(7):910-7 [9656490] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Dec 8;95(25):14863-8 [9843981] Proteins. 1999 Apr 1;35(1):114-31 [10090291] Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):281-5 [10391217] Bioinformatics. 1999 Jul-Aug;15(7-8):607-11 [10487868] Genetics. 1962 Jun;47:713-9 [14456043] Bioinformatics. 2002 Apr;18(4):513-28 [12016049] J Comput Biol. 2002;9(2):211-23 [12015878] Bioessays. 2002 May;24(5):466-75 [12001270] Mol Biol Evol. 2002 Jul;19(7):1114-21 [12082130] Nat Biotechnol. 2002 Aug;20(8):835-9 [12101404] Bioinformatics. 2002;18 Suppl 1:S354-63 [12169566] J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 23;277(34):31079-88 [12058033] Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jan 1;31(1):94-6 [12519956] Genome Res. 2003 Jan;13(1):64-72 [12529307] Nature. 2003 May 15;423(6937):241-54 [12748633] Nature. 1988 Sep 22;335(6188):294-5 [3419498] J Mol Evol. 1990 Dec;31(6):511-23 [2176699] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42 [10592235] Bioinformatics. 2000 Jan;16(1):16-23 [10812473] Cell. 2000 Jul 7;102(1):109-26 [10929718] Trends Genet. 2000 Sep;16(9):369-72 [10973062] Nat Genet. 2000 Oct;26(2):225-8 [11017083] J Comput Biol. 2000;7(3-4):345-62 [11108467] Nucleic Acids Res. 2001 Feb 1;29(3):774-82 [11160901] Nature. 1992 Apr 2;356(6368):408-14 [1557122] Science. 1993 Oct 8;262(5131):208-14 [8211139] Mol Biol Evol. 1994 Mar;11(2):316-24 [8170371] Proc Int Conf Intell Syst Mol Biol. 1994;2:28-36 [7584402] Protein Eng. 1995 Apr;8(4):319-28 [7567917] Science. 1996 Oct 25;274(5287):546, 563-7 [8849441] Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Apr;17(4):1881-9 [9121436] Comput Appl Biosci. 1997 Oct;13(5):555-6 [9367129] Bioinformatics. 2001 Oct;17(10):871-7 [11673231] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The transforming activity of Ski and SnoN is dependent on their ability to repress the activity of Smad proteins. AN - 73551230; 12764135 AB - The regulation of cell growth and differentiation by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is mediated by the Smad proteins. In the nucleus, the Smad proteins are negatively regulated by two closely related nuclear proto-oncoproteins, Ski and SnoN. When overexpressed, Ski and SnoN induce oncogenic transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts. However, the mechanism of transformation by Ski and SnoN has not been defined. We have previously reported that Ski and SnoN interact directly with Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 and repress their ability to activate TGF-beta target genes through multiple mechanisms. Because Smad proteins are tumor suppressors, we hypothesized that the ability of Ski and SnoN to inactivate Smad function may be responsible for their transforming activity. Here, we show that the receptor regulated Smad proteins (Smad2 and Smad3) and common mediator Smad (Smad4) bind to different regions in Ski and SnoN. Mutation of both regions, but not each region alone, markedly impaired the ability of Ski and SnoN to repress TGF-beta-induced transcriptional activation and cell cycle arrest. Moreover, when expressed in chicken embryo fibroblasts, mutant Ski or SnoN defective in binding to the Smad proteins failed to induce oncogenic transformation. These results suggest that the ability of Ski and SnoN to repress the growth inhibitory function of the Smad proteins is required for their transforming activity. This may account for the resistance to TGF-beta-induced growth arrest in some human cancer cell lines that express high levels of Ski or SnoN. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - He, Jun AU - Tegen, Sarah B AU - Krawitz, Ariel R AU - Martin, G Steven AU - Luo, Kunxin AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720-3206, USA. Y1 - 2003/08/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Aug 15 SP - 30540 EP - 30547 VL - 278 IS - 33 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - SKIL protein, Gallus gallus KW - SKIL protein, human KW - SMAD2 protein, human KW - SMAD3 protein, human KW - SMAD4 protein, human KW - Smad2 Protein KW - Smad3 Protein KW - Smad4 Protein KW - Trans-Activators KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - SKI protein, human KW - 126648-96-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular KW - Chick Embryo KW - Humans KW - Cell Division -- physiology KW - Fibroblasts -- cytology KW - Fibroblasts -- metabolism KW - Transcriptional Activation KW - Binding Sites KW - Mutagenesis KW - Liver Neoplasms KW - Chickens KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Suppression, Genetic KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- genetics KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- metabolism KW - Trans-Activators -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- chemistry KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- metabolism KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- chemistry KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- metabolism KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73551230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=The+transforming+activity+of+Ski+and+SnoN+is+dependent+on+their+ability+to+repress+the+activity+of+Smad+proteins.&rft.au=He%2C+Jun%3BTegen%2C+Sarah+B%3BKrawitz%2C+Ariel+R%3BMartin%2C+G+Steven%3BLuo%2C+Kunxin&rft.aulast=He&rft.aufirst=Jun&rft.date=2003-08-15&rft.volume=278&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=30540&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-11-10 N1 - Date created - 2003-08-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular interfacial reactions between Pu(VI) and manganese oxide minerals manganite and hausmannite. AN - 73634076; 12966983 AB - The sorption of Pu(VI) onto manganite (MnOOH) and hausmannite (Mn3O4) was studied as a function of time, solution pH, and initial plutonium concentration. Kinetic experiments indicate that the surface complexation of plutonium occurs over the first 24 h of contact with the mineral surface. The sorption increases with pH beginning at pH 3 until it reaches a maximum value of 100% at pH 8 (0.0011-0.84 micromol of Pu/m2 of manganite and 0.98-1.2 micromol of Pu/m2 of hausmannite) and then decreases over the pH range from 8 to 10. The ratio of solid to solution was 10 mg/mL for manganite experiments and 4 mg/mL for hausmannite samples. Carbonate was not excluded from the experiments. The amount of plutonium removed from the solution by the minerals is determined by a combination of factors including the plutonium solution species, the surface charge of the mineral, and the mineral surface area. X-ray absorption fine structure taken at the Pu L(III) edge were compared to plutonium standard spectra and showed that Pu(VI) was reduced to Pu(IV) after contact with the minerals. Plutonium sorption to the mineral surface is consistent with an inner-sphere configuration, and no evidence of PuO2 precipitation is observed. The reduction and complexation of Pu(VI) by manganese minerals has direct implications on possible migration of Pu(VI) species in the environment. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Shaughnessy, D A AU - Nitsche, H AU - Booth, C H AU - Shuh, D K AU - Waychunas, G A AU - Wilson, R E AU - Gill, H AU - Cantrell, K J AU - Serne, R J AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2003/08/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Aug 01 SP - 3367 EP - 3374 VL - 37 IS - 15 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Manganese Compounds KW - Oxides KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - manganese oxide KW - 64J2OA7MH3 KW - Index Medicus KW - Kinetics KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Adsorption KW - Manganese Compounds -- chemistry KW - Plutonium -- chemistry KW - Oxides -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73634076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Molecular+interfacial+reactions+between+Pu%28VI%29+and+manganese+oxide+minerals+manganite+and+hausmannite.&rft.au=Shaughnessy%2C+D+A%3BNitsche%2C+H%3BBooth%2C+C+H%3BShuh%2C+D+K%3BWaychunas%2C+G+A%3BWilson%2C+R+E%3BGill%2C+H%3BCantrell%2C+K+J%3BSerne%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Shaughnessy&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=3367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-16 N1 - Date created - 2003-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen sensitivity severely limits the replicative lifespan of murine fibroblasts. AN - 73469529; 12855956 AB - Most mammalian cells do not divide indefinitely, owing to a process termed replicative senescence. In human cells, replicative senescence is caused by telomere shortening, but murine cells senesce despite having long stable telomeres. Here, we show that the phenotypes of senescent human fibroblasts and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) differ under standard culture conditions, which include 20% oxygen. MEFs did not senesce in physiological (3%) oxygen levels, but underwent a spontaneous event that allowed indefinite proliferation in 20% oxygen. The proliferation and cytogenetic profiles of DNA repair-deficient MEFs suggested that DNA damage limits MEF proliferation in 20% oxygen. Indeed, MEFs accumulated more DNA damage in 20% oxygen than 3% oxygen, and more damage than human fibroblasts in 20% oxygen. Our results identify oxygen sensitivity as a critical difference between mouse and human cells, explaining their proliferative differences in culture, and possibly their different rates of cancer and ageing. JF - Nature cell biology AU - Parrinello, Simona AU - Samper, Enrique AU - Krtolica, Ana AU - Goldstein, Joshua AU - Melov, Simon AU - Campisi, Judith AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 741 EP - 747 VL - 5 IS - 8 SN - 1465-7392, 1465-7392 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Comet Assay KW - Animals KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA Damage KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Oxygen -- metabolism KW - Cell Aging -- physiology KW - Cell Division -- physiology KW - Fibroblasts -- cytology KW - Fibroblasts -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73469529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+cell+biology&rft.atitle=Oxygen+sensitivity+severely+limits+the+replicative+lifespan+of+murine+fibroblasts.&rft.au=Parrinello%2C+Simona%3BSamper%2C+Enrique%3BKrtolica%2C+Ana%3BGoldstein%2C+Joshua%3BMelov%2C+Simon%3BCampisi%2C+Judith&rft.aulast=Parrinello&rft.aufirst=Simona&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+cell+biology&rft.issn=14657392&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-12 N1 - Date created - 2003-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Nat Cell Biol. 2003 Sep;5(9):839 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing a model for predicting the timing and location of shallow landslide initiation in soil-mantled landscapes AN - 51939175; 2003-070753 AB - The growing availability of digital topographic data and the increased reliability of precipitation forecasts invite modelling efforts to predict the timing and location of shallow landslides in hilly and mountainous areas in order to reduce risk to an ever-expanding human population. Here, we exploit a rare data set to develop and test such a model. In a 1.7 km (super 2) catchment a near-annual aerial photographic coverage records just three single storm events over a 45 year period that produced multiple landslides. Such data enable us to test model performance by running the entire rainfall time series and determine whether just those three storms are correctly detected. To do this, we link a dynamic and spatially distributed shallow subsurface runoff model (similar to TOPMODEL) to an infinite slope model to predict the spatial distribution of shallow landsliding. The spatial distribution of soil depth, a strong control on local landsliding, is predicted from a process-based model. Because of its common availability, daily rainfall data were used to drive the model. Topographic data were derived from digitized 1:24 000 US Geological Survey contour maps. Analysis of the landslides shows that 97 occurred in 1955, 37 in 1982 and five in 1998, although the heaviest rainfall was in 1982. Furthermore, intensity-duration analysis of available daily and hourly rainfall from the closest raingauges does not discriminate those three storms from others that did not generate failures. We explore the question of whether a mechanistic modelling approach is better able to identify landslide-producing storms. Landslide and soil production parameters were fixed from studies elsewhere. Four hydrologic parameters characterizing the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil and underlying bedrock and its decline with depth were first calibrated on the 1955 landslide record. Success was characterized as the most number of actual landslides predicted with the least amount of total area predicted to be unstable. Because landslide area was consistently overpredicted, a threshold catchment area of predicted slope instability was used to define whether a rainstorm was a significant landslide producer. Many combinations of the four hydrological parameters performed equally well for the 1955 event, but only one combination successfully identified the 1982 storm as the only landslide-producing storm during the period 1980-86. Application of this parameter combination to the entire 45 year record successfully identified the three events, but also predicted that two other landslide-producing events should have occurred. This performance is significantly better than the empirical intensity-duration threshold approach, but requires considerable calibration effort. Overprediction of instability, both for storms that produced landslides and for non-producing storms, appears to arise from at least four causes: (1) coarse rainfall data time scale and inability to document short rainfall bursts and predict pressure wave response; (2) absence of local rainfall data; (3) legacy effect of previous landslides; and (4) inaccurate topographic and soil property data. Greater resolution of spatial and rainfall data, as well as topographic data, coupled with systematic documentation of landslides to create time series to test models, should lead to significant improvements in shallow landslides forecasting. Abstract Copyright (2003), Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AU - Casadei, M AU - Dietrich, W E AU - Miller, N L Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 925 EP - 950 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 28 IS - 9 SN - 0197-9337, 0197-9337 KW - United States KW - geologic hazards KW - rainfall KW - prediction KW - calibration KW - digital terrain models KW - case studies KW - California KW - spatial distribution KW - landslides KW - geomorphologic effects KW - mass movements KW - risk assessment KW - El Granada California KW - algorithms KW - slope stability KW - San Mateo County California KW - Montara Mountains KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51939175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.atitle=Testing+a+model+for+predicting+the+timing+and+location+of+shallow+landslide+initiation+in+soil-mantled+landscapes&rft.au=Casadei%2C+M%3BDietrich%2C+W+E%3BMiller%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Casadei&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=925&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Surface+Processes+and+Landforms&rft.issn=01979337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fesp.470 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117935722/grouphome/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 93 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESPRDT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; calibration; California; case studies; digital terrain models; El Granada California; geologic hazards; geomorphologic effects; landslides; mass movements; Montara Mountains; prediction; rainfall; risk assessment; San Mateo County California; slope stability; spatial distribution; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.470 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismological studies at Parkfield; IX, Fault-zone imaging using guided wave attenuation AN - 51913826; 2003-083109 AB - Numerical modeling studies and a growing number of observations have argued for the propagation of fault-zone guided waves (FZGWs) within a San Andreas Fault (SAF) zone that is 100-200 m wide at seismogenic depths and with 20%-40% lower shear-wave velocity than the adjacent unfaulted rock. Thousands of micro-earthquakes have been recorded since 1987 by the borehole High-Resolution Seismic Network at Parkfield, California, and they provide a comprehensive data set for characterizing wave propagation in the SAF zone. Using microearthquakes we confirm that FZGWs at Parkfield are generated within the fault zone (FZ) and that they are most prominent late in the coda of S. Numerical waveform modeling and guided-wave amplitude tomographic inversion show clearly that FZGWs are significantly less attenuated in a well-defined region of the FZ. This region plunges to the north-west along the northwest boundary of the region of highest moment release and separates locked and slipping sections of the SAF at depth, as determined independently from geodesy, seismicity, and the recurrence rates of characteristically repeating microearthquakes. We interpret this localized zone of strong FZGW propagation to be the northwest edge of the M 6 asperity at Parkfield. The mechanism for low FZGW attenuation in the zone is possibly due to dewatering by fracture closure and/or fault-normal compression or changes in fracture orientation due to a complex stress or strain field at the boundary between creeping and locked zones of the SAF. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Korneev, V A AU - Nadeau, R M AU - McEvilly, T V Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 1415 EP - 1426 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 93 IS - 4 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - United States KW - finite difference analysis KW - data processing KW - slip rates KW - elastic waves KW - low-velocity zones KW - California KW - attenuation KW - Q KW - seismicity KW - Monterey County California KW - digital simulation KW - microseisms KW - propagation KW - Parkfield California KW - spectra KW - faults KW - seismograms KW - high-resolution methods KW - numerical models KW - guided waves KW - inverse problem KW - two-dimensional models KW - boreholes KW - San Andreas Fault KW - synthetic seismograms KW - graphic methods KW - seismic waves KW - seismic networks KW - computed tomography data KW - fault zones KW - amplitude KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51913826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Seismological+studies+at+Parkfield%3B+IX%2C+Fault-zone+imaging+using+guided+wave+attenuation&rft.au=Korneev%2C+V+A%3BNadeau%2C+R+M%3BMcEvilly%2C+T+V&rft.aulast=Korneev&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; attenuation; boreholes; California; computed tomography data; data processing; digital simulation; elastic waves; fault zones; faults; finite difference analysis; graphic methods; guided waves; high-resolution methods; inverse problem; low-velocity zones; microseisms; Monterey County California; numerical models; Parkfield California; propagation; Q; San Andreas Fault; seismic networks; seismic waves; seismicity; seismograms; slip rates; spectra; synthetic seismograms; two-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vadose zone infiltration rate at Hanford, Washington, inferred from Sr isotope measurements AN - 51849727; 2004-038340 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Maher, Katharine AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Serne, R Jeff Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - terrestrial environment KW - isotopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - stable isotopes KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - mass balance KW - sediments KW - lysimeters KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - soil mechanics KW - meteoric water KW - alkaline earth metals KW - diffusion KW - Washington KW - in situ KW - isotope ratios KW - arid environment KW - Hanford Site KW - hydrochemistry KW - weathering KW - depth KW - models KW - water table KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - recharge KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - pore water KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51849727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Vadose+zone+infiltration+rate+at+Hanford%2C+Washington%2C+inferred+from+Sr+isotope+measurements&rft.au=Maher%2C+Katharine%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BSerne%2C+R+Jeff&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=Katharine&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002WR001742 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; arid environment; depth; diffusion; geochemistry; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrochemistry; in situ; infiltration; isotope ratios; isotopes; lysimeters; mass balance; metals; meteoric water; models; pore water; radioactive waste; recharge; sediments; soil mechanics; soils; solute transport; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; terrestrial environment; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water table; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001742 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixtures in the geological sequestration of CO (sub 2) ; I, Assessment and calculation of mutual solubilities from 12 to 100 degrees C and up to 600 bar AN - 51763763; 2005-006507 AB - Evaluating the feasibility of CO (sub 2) geologic sequestration requires the use of pressure-temperature-composition (P-T-X) data for mixtures of CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) O at moderate pressures and temperatures (typically below 500 bar and below 100 degrees C). For this purpose, published experimental P-T-X data in this temperature and pressure range are reviewed. These data cover the two-phase region where a CO (sub 2) -rich phase (generally gas) and an H (sub 2) O-rich liquid coexist and are reported as the mutual solubilities of H (sub 2) O and CO (sub 2) in the two coexisting phases. For the most part, mutual solubilities reported from various sources are in good agreement. In this paper, a noniterative procedure is presented to calculate the composition of the compressed CO (sub 2) and liquid H (sub 2) O phases at equilibrium, based on equating chemical potentials and using the Redlich-Kwong equation of state to express departure from ideal behavior. The procedure is an extension of that used by King et al. (1992), covering a broader range of temperatures and experimental data than those authors, and is readily expandable to a nonideal liquid phase. The calculation method and formulation are kept as simple as possible to avoid degrading the performance of numerical models of water-CO (sub 2) flows for which they are intended. The method is implemented in a computer routine, and inverse modeling is used to determine, simultaneously, (1) new Redlich-Kwong parameters for the CO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O mixture, and (2) aqueous solubility constants for gaseous and liquid CO (sub 2) as a function of temperature. In doing so, mutual solubilities of H (sub 2) O from 15 to 100 degrees C and CO (sub 2) from 12 to 110 degrees C and up to 600 bar are generally reproduced within a few percent of experimental values. Fugacity coefficients of pure CO (sub 2) are reproduced mostly within one percent of published reference data. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Ennis-King, Jonathan Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - August 2003 SP - 3015 EP - 3031 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 16 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - water KW - liquid phase KW - experimental studies KW - two-phase models KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - data processing KW - inverse problem KW - solubility KW - high pressure KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - theoretical studies KW - mathematical methods KW - digital simulation KW - volume KW - equations of state KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - review KW - high temperature KW - P-T conditions KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51763763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=CO+%28sub+2%29+-H+%28sub+2%29+O+mixtures+in+the+geological+sequestration+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+%3B+I%2C+Assessment+and+calculation+of+mutual+solubilities+from+12+to+100+degrees+C+and+up+to+600+bar&rft.au=Spycher%2C+Nicolas%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BEnnis-King%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Spycher&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2803%2900273-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; data processing; digital simulation; equations of state; experimental studies; gaseous phase; geochemistry; high pressure; high temperature; inverse problem; liquid phase; mathematical methods; numerical models; P-T conditions; pressure; review; solubility; temperature; theoretical studies; thermodynamic properties; two-phase models; volume; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00273-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential impacts of climate change on California hydrology AN - 18030000; 5742801 AB - Previous reports based on climate change scenarios have suggested that California will be subjected to increased wintertime and decreased summertime streamflow. Due to the uncertainty of projections in future climate, a new range of potential climatological future temperature shifts and precipitation ratios is applied to the Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting Model and Anderson Snow Model in order to determine hydrologic sensitivities. Two general circulation models (GCMs) were used in this analysis: one that is warm and wet (HadCM2 run 1) and one that is cool and dry (PCM run B06.06), relative to the GCM projections for California that were part of the Third Assessment Report of the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change. A set of specified incremental temperature shifts from 1.5 degree C to 5.0 degree C and precipitation ratios from 0.70 to 1.30 were also used as input to the snow and soil moisture accounting models, providing for additional scenarios (e.g., warm/dry, cool/wet). Hydrologic calculations were performed for a set of California river basins that extend from the coastal mountains and Sierra Nevada northern region to the southern Sierra Nevada region; these were applied to a water allocation analysis in a companion paper. Results indicate that for all snow-producing cases, a larger proportion of the streamflow volume will occur earlier in the year. The amount and timing is dependent on the characteristics of each basin, particularly the elevation. Increased temperatures lead to a higher freezing line, therefore less snow accumulation and increased melting below the freezing height. The hydrologic response varies for each scenario, and the resulting solution set provides bounds to the range of possible change in streamflow, snowmelt, snow water equivalent, and the change in the magnitude of annual high flows. An important result that appears for all snowmelt driven runoff basins, is that late winter snow accumulation decreases by 50 percent toward the end of this century. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Miller, N L AU - Bashford, KE AU - Strem, E AD - Berkeley National Laboratory, 90-1116 One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, nlmiller@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - Aug 2003 SP - 771 EP - 784 VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - USA, California KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Environmental Effects KW - Prediction KW - Snow melting KW - Melt waters KW - Melt water KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Snow accumulation KW - USA, Nevada KW - Models KW - Lead isotopes in snow KW - Environmental effects KW - Climatic Changes KW - Hydrology KW - Snow Accumulation KW - Environmental issues KW - USA, California, Sacramento KW - Hydrologic calculations KW - Climate KW - Snowmelt runoff KW - Environmental impact KW - Streamflow KW - River basins KW - Precipitation KW - Projections KW - Model Studies KW - Stream flow KW - Future temperatures KW - Alpine Regions KW - Winter snow KW - General circulation models KW - Snow cover water equivalent KW - Snowmelt KW - Soil moisture KW - Climate change scenarios KW - Future climates KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 556.121:Amount and duration of precipitation (556.121) KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - M2 556.124.2:Snow cover: distribution and water equivalent (556.124.2) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18030000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Potential+impacts+of+climate+change+on+California+hydrology&rft.au=Miller%2C+N+L%3BBashford%2C+KE%3BStrem%2C+E&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Melt water; Climatic changes; Environmental impact; Environmental effects; Hydrology; Stream flow; Models; Snow melting; Hydrologic calculations; Climate change; Snowmelt runoff; Snow accumulation; River basins; Precipitation; Future temperatures; Winter snow; Lead isotopes in snow; Snow cover water equivalent; General circulation models; Soil moisture; Future climates; Climate change scenarios; Melt waters; Climate; Streamflow; Environmental issues; Environmental Effects; Alpine Regions; Snowmelt; Climatic Changes; Snow Accumulation; Projections; Model Studies; USA, California, Sacramento; USA, Nevada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate change, insurance and the buildings sector: technological synergisms between adaptation and mitigation AN - 16155025; 5658858 AB - Examining the intersection of risk analysis and sustainable energy strategies reveals numerous examples of energy-efficient and renewable energy technologies that offer insurance loss-prevention benefits. The growing threat of climate change provides an added motivation for the risk community to understand better this area of opportunity. While analyses of climate change mitigation typically focus on the emissions-reduction characteristics of sustainable energy technologies, less often recognised are a host of synergistic ways in which these technologies also offer adaptation benefits, e.g. making buildings more resilient to natural disasters. While there is already some relevant activity, there remain various barriers to expanding these efforts significantly. Achieving successful integration of sustainable energy considerations with risk-management objectives requires a more proactive orientation, and coordination among diverse actors and industry groups. JF - Building Research & Information AU - Mills, E AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, emills@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DA - Aug 2003 SP - 257 EP - 277 VL - 31 IS - 3-4 SN - 0961-3218, 0961-3218 KW - natural disasters KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Renewable energy KW - Climatic changes KW - Economics KW - Sustainable development KW - Insurance KW - Construction industry KW - Technology KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16155025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+Research+%26+Information&rft.atitle=Climate+change%2C+insurance+and+the+buildings+sector%3A+technological+synergisms+between+adaptation+and+mitigation&rft.au=Mills%2C+E&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+Research+%26+Information&rft.issn=09613218&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F0961321032000097674 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Renewable energy; Economics; Climatic changes; Sustainable development; Insurance; Construction industry; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0961321032000097674 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - X-ray crystal structures of the WT and a hyper-accurate ribosome from Escherichia coli AN - 18791452; 5667518 AB - Protein biosynthesis on the ribosome requires accurate reading of the genetic code in mRNA. Two conformational rearrangements in the small ribosomal subunit, a closing of the head and body around the incoming tRNA and an RNA helical switch near the mRNA decoding site, have been proposed to select for complementary base-pairing between mRNA codons and tRNA anticodons. We determined x-ray crystal structures of the WT and a hyper-accurate variant of the Escherichia coli ribosome at resolutions of 10 and 9 Aa, respectively, revealing that formation of the intact 70S ribosome from its two subunits closes the conformation of the head of the small subunit independent of mRNA decoding. Moreover, no change in the conformation of the switch helix is observed in two steps of tRNA discrimination. These 70S ribosome structures indicate that mRNA decoding is coupled primarily to movement of the small subunit body, consistent with previous proposals, whereas closing of the head and the helical switch may function in other steps of protein synthesis. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Vila-Sanjurjo, A AU - Ridgeway, W K AU - Seymaner, V AU - Zhang, W AU - Santoso, S AU - Yu, K AU - Cate, JHD AD - Departments of Molecular and Cell Biology and Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, jcate@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/07/22/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 22 SP - 8682 EP - 8687 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 USA VL - 100 IS - 15 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes KW - N 14414:Structure and sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18791452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=X-ray+crystal+structures+of+the+WT+and+a+hyper-accurate+ribosome+from+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Vila-Sanjurjo%2C+A%3BRidgeway%2C+W+K%3BSeymaner%2C+V%3BZhang%2C+W%3BSantoso%2C+S%3BYu%2C+K%3BCate%2C+JHD&rft.aulast=Vila-Sanjurjo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-07-22&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=8682&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1133380100 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Structural coordinates and diffraction amplitudes have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank, www.rcsb.org (PDB ID codes 1PNS, 1PNU, 1PNX, and 1PNY). N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1133380100 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Economic impacts of technology options in India AN - 39795534; 3778787 AU - Sathaye, J Y1 - 2003/07/21/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39795534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Economic+impacts+of+technology+options+in+India&rft.au=Sathaye%2C+J&rft.aulast=Sathaye&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-07-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Earth Technologies Forum, 2111 Wilson Boulevard, 8th Floor, Arlington, VA 22201, USA; phone: 703-807-4052; fax: 703-528-1734; email: earthforum@alcalde-fay.com; URL: www.earthforum.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Transcription-coupled DNA repair in human cells: Mechanisms and interactions AN - 39624395; 3772919 AU - Cooper, P Y1 - 2003/07/21/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 21 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39624395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Transcription-coupled+DNA+repair+in+human+cells%3A+Mechanisms+and+interactions&rft.au=Cooper%2C+P&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-07-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK; URL: www.wiley.com N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical-specific representation of air--soil exchange and soil penetration in regional multimedia models. AN - 73529284; 12901660 AB - In multimedia mass-balance models, the soil compartment is an important sink as well as a conduit for transfers to vegetation and shallow groundwater. Here a novel approach for constructing soil transport algorithms for multimedia fate models is developed and evaluated. The resulting algorithms account for diffusion in gas and liquid components; advection in gas, liquid, or solid phases; and multiple transformation processes. They also provide an explicit quantification of the characteristic soil penetration depth. We construct a compartment model using three and four soil layers to replicate with high reliability the flux and mass distribution obtained from the exact analytical solution describing the transient dispersion, advection, and transformation of chemicals in soil layers with different properties but a fixed boundary condition at the air-soil surface. The soil compartment algorithms can be dynamically linked to other compartments (air, vegetation, groundwater, surface water) in multimedia fate models. We demonstrate and evaluate the performance of the algorithms in a model with applications to benzene, benzo[a]pyrene, MTBE, TCDD, and tritium. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - McKone, T E AU - Bennett, D H AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, 90-3058, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. TEMcKone@LBL.gov Y1 - 2003/07/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 15 SP - 3123 EP - 3132 VL - 37 IS - 14 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Plants KW - Algorithms KW - Forecasting KW - Diffusion KW - Multimedia KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73529284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Chemical-specific+representation+of+air--soil+exchange+and+soil+penetration+in+regional+multimedia+models.&rft.au=McKone%2C+T+E%3BBennett%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=McKone&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-07-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-11-04 N1 - Date created - 2003-08-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the mechanism of chaperone activity of the small heat-shock protein of Methanococcus jannaschii AN - 18797871; 5667417 AB - The small heat-shock protein (sHSP) from Methanococcus jannaschii (Mj HSP16.5) forms a homomeric complex of 24 subunits and has an overall structure of a multiwindowed hollow sphere with an external diameter of [approx]120 Aa and an internal diameter of [approx]65 Aa with six square "windows" of [approx]17 Aa across and eight triangular windows of [approx]30 Aa across. This sHSP has been known to protect other proteins from thermal denaturation. Using purified single-chain monellin as a substrate and a series of methods such as protease digestion, antibody binding, and electron microscopy, we show that the substrates bind to Mj HSP16.5 at a high temperature (80 degree C) on the outside surface of the sphere and are prevented from forming insoluble substrate aggregates in vitro. Circular dichroism studies suggest that a very small, if any, conformational change occurs in sHSP even at 80 degree C, but substantial conformational changes of the substrate are required for complex formation at 80 degree C. Furthermore, deletion mutation studies of Mj HSP16.5 suggest that the N-terminal region of the protein has no structural role but may play an important kinetic role in the assembly of the sphere by "preassembly condensation" of multiple monomers before final assembly of the sphere. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Kim, R AU - Lai, L AU - Lee, H-H AU - Cheong, G-W AU - Kim, K K AU - Wu, Z AU - Yokota, H AU - Marqusee, S AU - Kim, S-H AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2003/07/08/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jul 08 SP - 8151 EP - 8155 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 USA VL - 100 IS - 14 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Methanococcus jannaschii KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18797871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=On+the+mechanism+of+chaperone+activity+of+the+small+heat-shock+protein+of+Methanococcus+jannaschii&rft.au=Kim%2C+R%3BLai%2C+L%3BLee%2C+H-H%3BCheong%2C+G-W%3BKim%2C+K+K%3BWu%2C+Z%3BYokota%2C+H%3BMarqusee%2C+S%3BKim%2C+S-H&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-07-08&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=8151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1032940100 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1032940100 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement system for systematic hydrological characterization of unsaturated fractured welded tuff in a mined underground tunnel. AN - 73507805; 12873008 AB - A field investigation of unsaturated flow through a lithophysal unit of fractured welded tuff containing lithophysal cavities has been initiated. To characterize flow in this spatially heterogeneous medium, a systematic approach has been developed to perform tests in boreholes drilled at regular intervals in an underground tunnel (drift). The purpose of the testing is to quantify the amounts of water seeping into the drift versus the amount of water moving around the drift when released into boreholes at many equidistant locations along the drift. In this paper, we describe the test equipment system that has been built for this purpose. Because the field-scale measurements--of liquid flow in the unsaturated, fractured rocks--require continuous testing for periods of days to weeks, the control of test equipment has been fully automated, allowing operation with no human presence at the field site. Preliminary results from the first set of tests indicate that, while the effects of evaporation on characterization of hydrological properties of the rock can be significant, these effects can be controlled and quantified. These tests give insight into the role of the cavities as potential storage during the initial transient flow prior to the breakthrough of water at the drift crown, as well as the role of connected fractures that provide the subsequent quasi-steady flow. In addition to the stated purpose of realizing the flow partitioning, the results yield values for the effective porosity in the pathways for liquid flow in the regions tested thus far. JF - Ground water AU - Cook, P J AU - Salve, R AU - Freifeld, B M AU - Tsang, Y T AD - Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720, USA. pjcook@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 449 EP - 457 VL - 41 IS - 4 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Volatilization KW - Water Movements KW - Mining KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73507805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+water&rft.atitle=Measurement+system+for+systematic+hydrological+characterization+of+unsaturated+fractured+welded+tuff+in+a+mined+underground+tunnel.&rft.au=Cook%2C+P+J%3BSalve%2C+R%3BFreifeld%2C+B+M%3BTsang%2C+Y+T&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-30 N1 - Date created - 2003-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of a genome-wide approach to identify new genes that control resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to ionizing radiation. AN - 73397228; 12816519 AB - We have used the recently completed set of all homozygous diploid deletion mutants in budding yeast, S. cerevisiae, to screen for new mutants conferring sensitivity to ionizing radiation. In each strain a different open reading frame (ORF) has been replaced with a cassette containing unique 20-mer sequences that allow the relative abundance of each strain in a pool to be determined by hybridization to a high-density oligonucleotide array. Putative radiation-sensitive mutants were identified as having a reduced abundance in the pool of 4,627 individual deletion strains after irradiation. Of the top 33 strains most sensitive to radiation in this assay, 14 contained genes known to be involved in DNA repair. Eight of the remaining deletion mutants were studied. Only one, which deleted for the ORF YDR014W (which we name RAD61), conferred reproducible radiation sensitivity in both the haploid and diploid deletions and had no problem with spore viability when the haploid was backcrossed to wild-type. The rest showed only marginal sensitivity as haploids, and many had problems with spore viability when backcrossed, suggesting the presence of gross aneuploidy or polyploidy in strains initially presumed haploid. Our results emphasize that secondary mutations or deviations from euploidy can be a problem in screening this resource for sensitivity to ionizing radiation. JF - Radiation research AU - Game, John C AU - Birrell, Geoff W AU - Brown, James A AU - Shibata, Toru AU - Baccari, Clelia AU - Chu, Angela M AU - Williamson, Marsha S AU - Brown, J Martin AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 14 EP - 24 VL - 160 IS - 1 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Cesium Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - RAD61 protein, S cerevisiae KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - DNA Repair KW - Homozygote KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis KW - Open Reading Frames KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - Cell Survival KW - Genotype KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Blotting, Western KW - Haploidy KW - Crosses, Genetic KW - Ploidies KW - Time Factors KW - Mutation KW - Radiation, Ionizing KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins -- physiology KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- genetics KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins -- genetics KW - Genome, Fungal KW - Radiation Tolerance -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73397228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+genome-wide+approach+to+identify+new+genes+that+control+resistance+of+Saccharomyces+cerevisiae+to+ionizing+radiation.&rft.au=Game%2C+John+C%3BBirrell%2C+Geoff+W%3BBrown%2C+James+A%3BShibata%2C+Toru%3BBaccari%2C+Clelia%3BChu%2C+Angela+M%3BWilliamson%2C+Marsha+S%3BBrown%2C+J+Martin&rft.aulast=Game&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-08-08 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trichloroethylene effects on gene expression during cardiac development. AN - 71302755; 14565619 AB - BACKGROUNDHalogenated hydrocarbon exposure is associated with changes in gene expression in adult and embryonic tissue. Our study was undertaken to identify differentially expressed mRNA transcripts in embryonic hearts from Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to trichloroethylene (TCE) or potential bio-transformation products dichloroethylene (DCE) and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA).METHODScDNA subtractive hybridization was used to selectively amplify expressed mRNA obtained from control or halogenated hydrocarbon exposed rat embryos. The doses used were 1100 and 110 ppm (8300 and 830 microM) TCE, 110 and 11 ppm (1100 and 110 microM) DCE, and 27.3 and 2.75 mg/ml (100 and 10 mM) TCAA. Control animals were given distilled drinking water throughout the period of experiments.RESULTSSequencing of over 100 clones derived from halogenated hydrocarbon exposed groups resulted in identification of numerous differentially regulated gene sequences. Up-regulated transcripts identified include genes associated with stress response (Hsp 70) and homeostasis (several ribosomal proteins). Down-regulated transcripts include extracellular matrix components (GPI-p137 and vimentin) and Ca(2+) responsive proteins (Serca-2 Ca(2+)-ATPase and beta-catenin). Two possible markers for fetal TCE exposure were identified: Serca-2 Ca(2+)-ATPase and GPI-p137, a GPI-linked protein of unknown function. Differential regulation of expression of both markers by TCE was confirmed by dot blot analysis and semi-quantitative RT-PCR with levels of TCE exposure between 100 and 250 ppb (0.76 and 1.9 microM) sufficient to decrease expression.CONCLUSIONSSequences down-regulated with TCE exposure appear to be those associated with cellular housekeeping, cell adhesion, and developmental processes, while TCE exposure up-regulates expression of numerous stress response and homeostatic genes. JF - Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology AU - Collier, J Michael AU - Selmin, Ornella AU - Johnson, Paula D AU - Runyan, Raymond B AD - Life Science Division, Genome Sciences, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. mcollier@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 488 EP - 495 VL - 67 IS - 7 SN - 1542-0752, 1542-0752 KW - Dichloroethylenes KW - 0 KW - Genetic Markers KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Solvents KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Trichloroacetic Acid KW - 5V2JDO056X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Trichloroacetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Dichloroethylenes -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Male KW - Gene Expression -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Trichloroethylene -- toxicity KW - Heart Defects, Congenital -- chemically induced KW - Heart Defects, Congenital -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71302755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birth+defects+research.+Part+A%2C+Clinical+and+molecular+teratology&rft.atitle=Trichloroethylene+effects+on+gene+expression+during+cardiac+development.&rft.au=Collier%2C+J+Michael%3BSelmin%2C+Ornella%3BJohnson%2C+Paula+D%3BRunyan%2C+Raymond+B&rft.aulast=Collier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=488&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Birth+defects+research.+Part+A%2C+Clinical+and+molecular+teratology&rft.issn=15420752&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-03-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A particle-tracking approach to simulating transport in a complex fracture AN - 51913233; 2003-078701 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Doughty, Christine Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 7 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - particle tracks KW - hydraulics KW - data processing KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - rock mechanics KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - gouge KW - crystalline rocks KW - thickness KW - breakthrough curves KW - faults KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - porosity KW - models KW - computer programs KW - physical properties KW - transmissivity KW - permeability KW - field studies KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51913233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+particle-tracking+approach+to+simulating+transport+in+a+complex+fracture&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BDoughty%2C+Christine&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002WR001614 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breakthrough curves; computer programs; crystalline rocks; data processing; diffusion; experimental studies; faults; field studies; fluid dynamics; fractures; gouge; ground water; hydraulics; laboratory studies; models; particle tracks; permeability; physical properties; porosity; rock mechanics; simulation; solute transport; sorption; thickness; transmissivity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001614 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phylogeny of Opisthokonta and the evolution of multicellularity and complexity in Fungi and Metazoa AN - 19612931; 8656282 AB - While early eukaryotic life must have been unicellular, multicellular lifeforms evolved multiple times from protistan ancestors in diverse eukaryotic lineages. The origins of multicellularity are of special interest because they require evolutionary transitions towards increased levels of complexity. We have generated new sequence data from the nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA gene (LSU rDNA) and the SSU rDNA gene of several unicellular opisthokont protists - a nucleariid amoeba (Nuclearia simplex) and four choanoflagellates (Codosiga gracilis, Choanoeca perplexa, Proterospongia choanojuncta and Stephanoeca diplocostata) to provide the basis for re-examining relationships among several unicellular lineages and their multicellular relatives (animals and fungi). Our data indicate that: (1) choanoflagellates are a monophyletic rather than a paraphyletic assemblage that independently gave rise to animals and fungi as suggested by some authors and (2) the nucleariid filose amoebae are the likely sister group to Fungi. We also review published information regarding the origin of multicellularity in the opisthokonts. JF - International Journal of Astrobiology AU - Medina, MOnica AU - Collins, Allen G AU - Taylor, John W AU - Valentine, James W AU - Lipps, Jere H AU - Amaral-Zettler, Linda AU - Sogin, Mitchell L AD - Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA, m_medina@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 203 EP - 211 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1473-5504, 1473-5504 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Choanoflagellata KW - Fungi KW - Mesomycetozoea KW - Metazoa KW - multicellularity KW - Nuclearia KW - Opisthokonta KW - Codosiga gracilis KW - Phylogeny KW - Data processing KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Amoeba KW - Stephanoeca KW - Proterospongia choanojuncta KW - Nuclearia simplex KW - Reviews KW - DNA KW - Choanoeca perplexa KW - Evolution KW - G 07790:Other Microorganisms KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19612931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Astrobiology&rft.atitle=Phylogeny+of+Opisthokonta+and+the+evolution+of+multicellularity+and+complexity+in+Fungi+and+Metazoa&rft.au=Medina%2C+MOnica%3BCollins%2C+Allen+G%3BTaylor%2C+John+W%3BValentine%2C+James+W%3BLipps%2C+Jere+H%3BAmaral-Zettler%2C+Linda%3BSogin%2C+Mitchell+L&rft.aulast=Medina&rft.aufirst=MOnica&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Astrobiology&rft.issn=14735504&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS1473550403001551 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Data processing; Nucleotide sequence; Reviews; Fungi; DNA; Evolution; Codosiga gracilis; Opisthokonta; Stephanoeca; Amoeba; Metazoa; Proterospongia choanojuncta; Choanoeca perplexa; Nuclearia simplex DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1473550403001551 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A decision support system for adaptive real-time management of seasonal wetlands in California AN - 19395911; 5632606 AB - This paper describes the development of a comprehensive flow and salinity monitoring system and application of a decision support system (DSS) to improve management of seasonal wetlands in the San Joaquin Valley of California. The Environmental Protection Agency regulates salinity discharges from non-point sources to the San Joaquin River using a procedure known as the total maximum daily load (TMDL) to allocate the assimilative capacity of the river for salt among watershed sources. Management of wetland sources of salt load will require the development of monitoring systems, more integrative management strategies and coordination with other entities. To obtain local cooperation, the Grassland Water District (GWD), whose primary function is to supply surface water to private duck clubs and manage wetlands, needs to communicate to local landowners the likely impacts of salinity regulation on the long-term health and function of wildfowl habitat. The project described in this paper will also provide this information. The models that form the backbone of the DSS, develop salinity balances at both a regional and local scale. The regional scale concentrates on deliveries to and exports from the GWD while the local scale focuses on an individual wetland unit where more intensive monitoring is being conducted. The design of the DSS is constrained to meet the needs of busy wetland managers and is being designed from the bottom up utilizing tools and procedures familiar to these individuals. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Quinn, NWT AU - Hanna, WM AD - Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 70A-3317H, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, nwquinn@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - July 2003 SP - 503 EP - 511 VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - aquatic birds KW - management tools KW - Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Human Population; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - Wetlands KW - Salinity KW - Real-time monitoring KW - Assimilative capacity KW - Saline environments KW - Water Management KW - Surface water KW - USA, California, San Joaquin Valley KW - Surface Water KW - Models KW - Ecosystem management KW - Saline water KW - Regulations KW - USA, California KW - Rivers KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Water flow KW - Decision support systems KW - Wildlife KW - Environmental legislation KW - Habitat KW - Environmental protection KW - Model Studies KW - Grasslands KW - Salts KW - Water management KW - Nature conservation KW - Environmental management KW - Monitoring KW - Environment management KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - W4 220:Environmental Modeling KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface KW - M1 350:Monitoring and Quantitating Anthropogenic Processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19395911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=A+decision+support+system+for+adaptive+real-time+management+of+seasonal+wetlands+in+California&rft.au=Quinn%2C+NWT%3BHanna%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Quinn&rft.aufirst=NWT&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1364-8152%2803%2900025-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Salts; Water management; Nature conservation; Ecosystem management; Saline water; Wetlands; Habitat; Environmental legislation; Environmental protection; Saline environments; Rivers; Surface water; Water flow; Wildlife; Environment management; Models; Salinity; Decision support systems; Environmental management; Grasslands; Water Management; Regulations; Surface Water; Monitoring; Model Studies; USA, California, San Joaquin Valley; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1364-8152(03)00025-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal structure of a phosphatase with a unique substrate binding domain from Thermotoga maritima AN - 18853633; 5689220 AB - We have determined the crystal structure of a phosphatase with a unique substrate binding domain from Thermotoga maritima, TM0651 (gi 4981173), at 2.2 Ae resolution by selenomethionine single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (SAD) techniques. TM0651 is a member of the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily, with sequence homology to trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase and sucrose-6 super(F)-phosphate phosphohydrolase. Selenomethionine labeled TM0651 crystallized in space group C2 with three monomers per asymmetric unit. Each monomer has approximate dimensions of 65 x 40 x 35 Ae super(3), and contains two domains: a domain of known hydrolase fold characteristic of the HAD family, and a domain with a new tertiary fold consisting of a six-stranded beta -sheet surrounded by four alpha -helices. There is one disulfide bond between residues Cys35 and Cys265 in each monomer. One magnesium ion and one sulfate ion are bound in the active site. The superposition of active site residues with other HAD family members indicates that TM0651 is very likely a phosphatase that acts through the formation of a phosphoaspartate intermediate, which is supported by both NMR titration data and a biochemical assay. Structural and functional database searches and the presence of many aromatic residues in the interface of the two domains suggest the substrate of TM0651 is a carbohydrate molecule. From the crystal structure and NMR data, the protein likely undergoes a conformational change upon substrate binding. JF - Protein Science AU - Shin, Dong Hae AU - Roberts, A AU - Jancarik, J AU - Yokota, Hisao AU - Kim, R AU - Wemmer, DE AU - Kim, Sung-Hou AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, SHKim@cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 1464 EP - 1472 VL - 12 IS - 7 SN - 0961-8368, 0961-8368 KW - TM0651 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18853633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Protein+Science&rft.atitle=Crystal+structure+of+a+phosphatase+with+a+unique+substrate+binding+domain+from+Thermotoga+maritima&rft.au=Shin%2C+Dong+Hae%3BRoberts%2C+A%3BJancarik%2C+J%3BYokota%2C+Hisao%3BKim%2C+R%3BWemmer%2C+DE%3BKim%2C+Sung-Hou&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=Dong&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Protein+Science&rft.issn=09618368&rft_id=info:doi/10.1110%2Fps.0302703 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1110/ps.0302703 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How radiation-induced phenotypes contribute to neoplastic progression AN - 18799197; 5661575 AB - Ionizing radiation elicits both rapid and persistent changes in extracellular signaling, which can affect cell behavior, communication and multicellular organization. Some of these effects are exhibited by daughters of irradiated cells, suggesting heritable alterations in signaling, communication and adhesion. We postulate that such phenotypes contribute to the carcinogenic potential of radiation in that aberrant extracellular signaling might predispose cells to genomic instability and neoplastic progression. JF - Health Physics AU - Barcellos-Hoff, M H AD - Cell and Molecular Biology, MS 74-157, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mhbarcellos-hoff@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/07// PY - 2003 DA - Jul 2003 SP - 84 VL - 85 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - extracellular signalling KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18799197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=How+radiation-induced+phenotypes+contribute+to+neoplastic+progression&rft.au=Barcellos-Hoff%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Barcellos-Hoff&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-07-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laser Spectroscopic Studies of Interactions of UVI with Bacterial Phosphate Species AN - 21176497; 11373625 AB - We have investigated the interactions of UVI with two bacterial phosphate-containing species: Gram-positive Bacillus sphaericus and Gram-negative Psedomonas aeruginosa. The Gram-positive B. sphaericus was investigated by using Raman spectroscopy and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). We found that living cells, spores, and intact heat-killed cells complexed UVI (pH 4.5) through phosphate groups bound to their surfaces, while decomposed cells released H2PO4- and precipitated UVI as UO2(H2PO4)2. TRLFS of UVI showed that Gram-negative P. aeruginosa - genetically engineered to accumulate polyphosphate, subsequently degrade it, and secrete phosphate - precipitated UVI quantitatively at pH 4.5. The same bacterial strain, not induced to secrete phosphate, sorbed only a small amount of UVI. JF - Chemistry: A European Journal AU - Knopp, Roger AU - Panak, Petra J AU - Wray, Lewis A AU - Renninger, Neil S AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Nitsche, Heino AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Nuclear Science and Chemical Sciences Divisions 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, hnitsche@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/06/16/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jun 16 SP - 2812 EP - 2818 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 9 IS - 12 SN - 0947-6539, 0947-6539 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - fluorescence spectroscopy KW - Phosphate KW - Genetic engineering KW - polyphosphates KW - Bacillus sphaericus KW - Lasers KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - Spores KW - pH effects KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21176497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemistry%3A+A+European+Journal&rft.atitle=Laser+Spectroscopic+Studies+of+Interactions+of+UVI+with+Bacterial+Phosphate+Species&rft.au=Knopp%2C+Roger%3BPanak%2C+Petra+J%3BWray%2C+Lewis+A%3BRenninger%2C+Neil+S%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BNitsche%2C+Heino&rft.aulast=Knopp&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2003-06-16&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2812&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemistry%3A+A+European+Journal&rft.issn=09476539&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fchem.200304711 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Raman spectroscopy; fluorescence spectroscopy; Phosphate; Genetic engineering; polyphosphates; Lasers; Spores; pH effects; Bacillus sphaericus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200304711 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional elastic wave scattering by a layer containing vertical periodic fractures. AN - 85372850; pmid-12822772 AB - Elastic wave scattering off a layer containing a single set of vertical periodic fractures is examined using a numerical technique based on the work of Hennion et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87, 1861-1870 (1990)]. This technique combines the finite element method and plane wave method to simulate three-dimensional scattering off a two-dimensional fractured layer structure. Each fracture is modeled explicitly, so that the model can simulate both discrete arrivals of scattered waves from individual fractures and multiply scattered waves between the fractures. Using this technique, we examine changes in scattering characteristics of plane elastic waves as a function of wave frequency, angle of incidence, and fracture properties such as fracture stiffness, height, and regular and irregular spacing. JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Nihei, Kurt T AU - Myer, Larry R AU - Majer, Ernest L AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. snakagawa@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 3012 EP - 3023 VL - 113 IS - 6 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - National Library of Medicine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85372850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+elastic+wave+scattering+by+a+layer+containing+vertical+periodic+fractures.&rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BNihei%2C+Kurt+T%3BMyer%2C+Larry+R%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L&rft.aulast=Nakagawa&rft.aufirst=Seiji&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=3012&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English (eng) DB - ComDisDome N1 - Date revised - 2011-12-15 N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proton and heavy ion acceleration facilities for space radiation research. AN - 73618046; 12959128 AB - The particles and energies commonly used for medium energy nuclear physics and heavy charged particle radiobiology and radiotherapy at particle accelerators are in the charge and energy range of greatest interest for space radiation health. In this article we survey some of the particle accelerator facilities in the United States and around the world that are being used for space radiation health and related research, and illustrate some of their capabilities with discussions of selected accelerator experiments applicable to the human exploration of space. JF - Gravitational and space biology bulletin : publication of the American Society for Gravitational and Space Biology AU - Miller, Jack AD - Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. miller@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 19 EP - 28 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1089-988X, 1089-988X KW - Protons KW - 0 KW - Space life sciences KW - NASA Discipline Radiation Health KW - Non-NASA Center KW - Neutrons KW - Equipment Design KW - Radiation Protection KW - Cosmic Radiation KW - Nuclear Physics -- instrumentation KW - Heavy Ions KW - Particle Accelerators KW - Radiobiology -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73618046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gravitational+and+space+biology+bulletin+%3A+publication+of+the+American+Society+for+Gravitational+and+Space+Biology&rft.atitle=Proton+and+heavy+ion+acceleration+facilities+for+space+radiation+research.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Jack&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gravitational+and+space+biology+bulletin+%3A+publication+of+the+American+Society+for+Gravitational+and+Space+Biology&rft.issn=1089988X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-28 N1 - Date created - 2003-09-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimated emission reductions from California's enhanced Smog Check program. AN - 73420363; 12831048 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requires that states evaluate the effectiveness of their vehicle emissions inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs. This study demonstrates an evaluation approach that estimates mass emission reductions over time and includes the effect of I/M on vehicle deterioration. It includes a quantitative assessment of benefits from pre-inspection maintenance and repairs and accounts for the selection bias effect that occurs when intermittent high emitters are tested. We report estimates of one-cycle emission benefits of California's Enhanced Smog Check program, ca. 1999. Program benefits equivalent to metric tons per day of prevented emissions were calculated with a "bottom-up" approach that combined average per vehicle reductions in mass emission rates (g/gal) with average per vehicle activity, resolved by model year. Accelerated simulation mode test data from the statewide vehicle information database (VID) and from roadside Smog Check testing were used to determine 2-yr emission profiles of vehicles passing through Smog Check and infer emission profiles that would occur without Smog Check. The number of vehicles participating in Smog Check was also determined from the VID. We estimate that in 1999 Smog Check reduced tailpipe emissions of HC, CO, and NO(x) by 97, 1690, and 81 t/d, respectively. These correspond to 26, 34, and 14% of the HC, CO, and NO(x) that would have been emitted by vehicles in the absence of Smog Check. These estimates are highly sensitive to assumptions about vehicle deterioration in the absence of Smog Check. Considering the estimated uncertainty in these assumptions yields a range for calculated benefits: 46-128 t/d of HC, 860-2200 t/d of CO, and 60-91 t/d of NO(x). Repair of vehicles that failed an initial, official Smog Check appears to be the most important mechanism of emission reductions, but pre-inspection maintenance and repair also contributed substantially. Benefits from removal of nonpassing vehicles accounted for a small portion of total benefits. In 1999, more than 90% of all HC and CO benefits and over 80% of all NO(x) benefits were attributed to vehicles more than 10 years old, even though such vehicles represented only half of those tested in the program. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Singer, Brett C AU - Wenzel, Thomas P AD - E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2003/06/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jun 01 SP - 2588 EP - 2595 VL - 37 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Smog KW - 0 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environment KW - California KW - Motor Vehicles -- classification KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - State Government KW - Certification KW - Vehicle Emissions -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Smog -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73420363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Estimated+emission+reductions+from+California%27s+enhanced+Smog+Check+program.&rft.au=Singer%2C+Brett+C%3BWenzel%2C+Thomas+P&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2588&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-07 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selenium speciation, solubility, and mobility in land-disposed dredged sediments. AN - 73368934; 12831026 AB - Pilot-scale tests for the land disposal of Se-enriched sediments from the San Luis Drain were performed in the San Joaquin Valley, California. Three test plots were instrumented and monitored on a dirt-road embankment near the sediment source area, providing an opportunity to measure Se oxidation and solubilization rates over a period of 2-3 yr. Soil, soil water, and groundwater data indicated that the amendment did not cause movement of dissolved Se below a depth of 15 cm. The low permeability of underlying sediments and the overall low Se solubility limit Se movement toward the groundwater table. Selenium remained in reduced forms and largely immobile at this site, although in-situ Se oxidation was measurable. Soluble Se concentrations increased from less than 0.5% to approximately 2.5% in the first 207 d following sediment application. Minor Se solubilization occurred after 439 and 704 d. Changes in Se fractionation measured using sequential extractions and Se speciation based on X-ray spectroscopy (XANES) results were in qualitative agreement. XANES results indicated initially rapid oxidation of organo-Se and/or elemental Se to selenite during the first 207 d, followed by minor oxidation after 439 d. Further solubilization of the Se inventory is anticipated, but at a low rate of 1-2% per year, comparable to rates measured in other studies. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Zawislanski, Peter T AU - Benson, Sally M AU - Terberg, Robert AU - Borglin, Sharon E AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, 90-1116, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. peter.zawislanski@lfr.com Y1 - 2003/06/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jun 01 SP - 2415 EP - 2420 VL - 37 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Solubility KW - Selenium -- chemistry KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73368934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Selenium+speciation%2C+solubility%2C+and+mobility+in+land-disposed+dredged+sediments.&rft.au=Zawislanski%2C+Peter+T%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M%3BTerberg%2C+Robert%3BBorglin%2C+Sharon+E&rft.aulast=Zawislanski&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-07 N1 - Date created - 2003-06-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing zonal and CFD model predictions of isothermal indoor airflows to experimental data. AN - 73317932; 12756000 AB - It is inappropriate to use the assumption of instantaneously well-mixed zones to model airflows and pollutant transport in large indoor spaces. We investigate two approaches for describing the details of airflows in large indoor spaces, for accuracy and suitability for integration with multi-zone infiltration models. One approach, called the zonal method, was developed over the last 15 years to provide an improvement over the well-mixed assumption. The second approach is the use of a computational fluid dynamics simulation using a coarse grid model of the large indoor space. We compare velocity predictions from different formulations of zonal methods and coarse-grid k-epsilon computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, to measurements, in a 2D mechanically ventilated isothermal room. Our results suggest that, when airflow details are required, coarse-grid CFD is a better-suited method to predict airflows in large indoor spaces coupled with complex multi-zone buildings, than are the zonal methods. Based on the comparison of pressure predictions from different models, we offer guidance regarding the coupling of a model of detailed airflow in large spaces to algebraic multi-zone infiltration models. JF - Indoor air AU - Mora, L AU - Gadgil, A J AU - Wurtz, E AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-3058, CA, USA. lmora@univ-lr.fr Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 77 EP - 85 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Computer Simulation KW - Ventilation -- standards KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Air Movements KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73317932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Comparing+zonal+and+CFD+model+predictions+of+isothermal+indoor+airflows+to+experimental+data.&rft.au=Mora%2C+L%3BGadgil%2C+A+J%3BWurtz%2C+E&rft.aulast=Mora&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-09-12 N1 - Date created - 2003-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reaction-transport model for calcite precipitation and evaluation of infiltration fluxes in unsaturated fractured rock. AN - 73269606; 12744832 AB - The percolation flux in the unsaturated zone (UZ) is an important parameter addressed in site characterization and flow and transport modeling of the potential nuclear-waste repository at Yucca Mountain, NV, USA. The US Geological Survey (USGS) has documented hydrogenic calcite abundances in fractures and lithophysal cavities at Yucca Mountain to provide constraints on percolation fluxes in the UZ. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between percolation flux and measured calcite abundances using reactive transport modeling. Our model considers the following essential factors affecting calcite precipitation: (1) infiltration, (2) the ambient geothermal gradient, (3) gaseous CO(2) diffusive transport and partitioning in liquid and gas phases, (4) fracture-matrix interaction for water flow and chemical constituents, and (5) water-rock interaction. Over a bounding range of 2-20 mm/year infiltration rate, the simulated calcite distributions capture the trend in calcite abundances measured in a deep borehole (WT-24) by the USGS. The calcite is found predominantly in fractures in the welded tuffs, which is also captured by the model simulations. Simulations showed that from about 2 to 6 mm/year, the amount of calcite precipitated in the welded Topopah Spring tuff is sensitive to the infiltration rate. This dependence decreases at higher infiltration rates owing to a modification of the geothermal gradient from the increased percolation flux. The model also confirms the conceptual model for higher percolation fluxes in the fractures compared to the matrix in the welded units, and the significant contribution of Ca from water-rock interaction. This study indicates that reactive transport modeling of calcite deposition can yield important constraints on the unsaturated zone infiltration-percolation flux and provide useful insight into processes such as fracture-matrix interaction as well as conditions and parameters controlling calcite deposition. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Sonnenthal, Eric AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. tainfu_xu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 113 EP - 127 VL - 64 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - 0 KW - Calcium Carbonate KW - H0G9379FGK KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Calcium Carbonate -- chemistry KW - Waste Management -- methods KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73269606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=A+reaction-transport+model+for+calcite+precipitation+and+evaluation+of+infiltration+fluxes+in+unsaturated+fractured+rock.&rft.au=Xu%2C+Tianfu%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Tianfu&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-03 N1 - Date created - 2003-05-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: J Contam Hydrol. 2005 Apr;77(3):209-17; discussion 219-31 [15763356] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of compressive stresses in jointing on Vancouver Island, British Columbia AN - 52003985; 2003-027682 AB - This study demonstrates that joint-parallel compressive stresses were integral to the development of joint sets on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The mapped study area contains paleostress indicators in the form of calcareous concretions, which have multiple, internal fractures in precisely the same orientation as one of the surrounding joint sets in the sandstone matrix. Field and laboratory tests indicate that the stiffest concretions are the most likely to be fractured; however, results from numerical simulations using measured rock properties preclude an origin for the concretion fractures from either a far-field uniaxial tensile or compressive stress. Fracturing is only found to be possible if the concretions possessed a lower Poisson's ratio than the sandstone at the time of fracturing. In the latter case, a far-field uniaxial compressive stress may have generated tensile effective stresses in the vicinity of high modulus concretions, seeding the field site with an initial population of concretion fractures and joints. Given the close spacing of some joints, their extension cannot be satisfactorily explained without invoking grain-scale compression-driven tensile fracturing mechanisms. JF - Journal of Structural Geology AU - Bessinger, Brad AU - Cook, Neville G W AU - Myer, Larry AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Nihei, Kurt AU - Benito, Pascual AU - Suarez-Rivera, Roberto Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 983 EP - 1000 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 0191-8141, 0191-8141 KW - secondary structures KW - sandstone KW - joints KW - uniaxial tests KW - rock mechanics KW - preferred orientation KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - sedimentary rocks KW - style KW - compression tectonics KW - tectonics KW - sedimentary structures KW - experimental studies KW - structural analysis KW - stress KW - British Columbia KW - mechanical properties KW - tensile strength KW - stress fields KW - concretions KW - Canada KW - Vancouver Island KW - theoretical models KW - load tests KW - Western Canada KW - reconstruction KW - clastic rocks KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+Geology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+compressive+stresses+in+jointing+on+Vancouver+Island%2C+British+Columbia&rft.au=Bessinger%2C+Brad%3BCook%2C+Neville+G+W%3BMyer%2C+Larry%3BNakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BNihei%2C+Kurt%3BBenito%2C+Pascual%3BSuarez-Rivera%2C+Roberto&rft.aulast=Bessinger&rft.aufirst=Brad&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=983&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+Geology&rft.issn=01918141&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01918141 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JSGEDY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - British Columbia; Canada; clastic rocks; compression tectonics; concretions; experimental studies; fractures; joints; laboratory studies; load tests; mechanical properties; preferred orientation; reconstruction; rock mechanics; sandstone; secondary structures; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; stress; stress fields; structural analysis; style; tectonics; tensile strength; theoretical models; uniaxial tests; Vancouver Island; Western Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tube-wave suppression in single-well seismic acquisition AN - 51953901; 2003-058103 AB - Single-well seismic imaging is significantly hampered by the presence of borehole tube waves. A tube-wave suppressor has been tested using single-well seismic equipment at the Lost Hills (California) oil field. The suppressor uses a gas-filled bladder kept slightly above borehole fluid pressure. Field tests show a measurable reduction in tube-wave energy as compared to body waves propagating in the surrounding reservoir rock. When using a high-frequency (500-4000 Hz) piezoelectric source, the P-wave-tube-wave amplitude ratio was increased by 33 dB. When using a lower frequency (50-350 Hz) orbital vibrator source, the S-wave-tube-wave amplitude ratio was increased by 21 dB while the P-wave-tube-wave amplitude ratio was increased by 23 dB. These reductions in tube-wave amplitudes significantly improve single-well data quality. JF - Geophysics AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Gritto, Roland AU - West, Phillip Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 863 EP - 869 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 68 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - petroleum exploration KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - guided waves KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - California KW - tube waves KW - surface waves KW - boreholes KW - Lost Hills California KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - S-waves KW - instruments KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51953901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Tube-wave+suppression+in+single-well+seismic+acquisition&rft.au=Daley%2C+Thomas+M%3BGritto%2C+Roland%3BWest%2C+Phillip&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=863&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1581038 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; body waves; boreholes; California; data processing; elastic waves; geophysical methods; guided waves; instruments; Lost Hills California; P-waves; petroleum; petroleum exploration; reservoir rocks; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; surface waves; tube waves; United States; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1581038 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating subsurface topography from surface-to-borehole seismic studies at the Rye Patch geothermal reservoir, Nevada, USA AN - 51934642; 2003-069859 AB - A 3-D surface seismic reflection survey, covering an area of over 7.7 km (super 2) , was conducted at the Rye Patch geothermal reservoir (Nevada, USA) to explore the structural features that may control geothermal production in the area. In addition to the surface sources and receivers, a high-temperature three-component seismometer was deployed in a borehole at a depth of 1250 m within the basement below the reservoir, which recorded the waves generated by all surface sources. The objective of this study was to determine the subsurface structure of the reservoir based on this surface-to-borehole dataset. A total of 1959 first-arrival travel times were determined out of 2134 possible traces. Two-dimensional ray tracing was performed to simulate wave propagation from the surface sources to the receiver at depth. The ray tracing was based on a 2-D laterally homogeneous velocity model derived from results of a vertical-seismic-profile (VSP) experiment recorded in the same well. The method is an approximation where it is assumed that differences in travel time between the observed and modeled data are caused by structural deviations from a homogeneously layered model as estimated by the VSP profile, and thus are mapped into topographic changes at depth. The results indicate, to first order, the presence of two dominant geologic features. The first observation is consistent with the regional trend of the geologic units in the Basin and Range province with a north-south strike and dip to the west, as expected for this area west of the Humboldt Thrust Range. The second is a local feature in the form of an east-west ridge. The geometry of the structure is corroborated by results from a seismic-reflection survey and by results of a gravity survey conducted in the area above the reservoir. JF - Geothermics AU - Gritto, Roland AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Majer, Ernest L Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 275 EP - 295 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - mapping KW - elastic waves KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - topography KW - Rye Patch Field KW - Nevada KW - seismic profiles KW - Pershing County Nevada KW - three-dimensional models KW - structural analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - basement KW - reflection methods KW - seismographs KW - depth KW - two-dimensional models KW - seismic methods KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - Humboldt Range KW - boreholes KW - traveltime KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - instruments KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51934642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Estimating+subsurface+topography+from+surface-to-borehole+seismic+studies+at+the+Rye+Patch+geothermal+reservoir%2C+Nevada%2C+USA&rft.au=Gritto%2C+Roland%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L&rft.aulast=Gritto&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0375-6505%2803%2900022-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., block diags., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basement; boreholes; depth; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; Humboldt Range; instruments; mapping; Nevada; Pershing County Nevada; reflection methods; Rye Patch Field; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismographs; structural analysis; surveys; three-dimensional models; topography; traveltime; two-dimensional models; United States; vertical seismic profiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0375-6505(03)00022-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of local-scale physical heterogeneity and nonlinear, rate-limited sorption/desorption on contaminant transport in porous media AN - 51161766; 2003-062628 AB - Nonideal transport of contaminants in porous media has often been observed in laboratory characterization studies. It has long been recognized that multiple processes associated with both physical and chemical factors can contribute to this nonideal transport behavior. To fully understand system behavior, it is important to determine the relative contributions of these multiple factors when conducting contaminant transport and fate studies. In this study, the relative contribution of physical-heterogeneity-related processes versus those of nonlinear, rate-limited sorption/desorption to the observed nonideal transport of trichloroethene in an undisturbed aquifer core was determined through a series of miscible-displacement experiments. The results of experiments conducted using the undisturbed core, collected from a Superfund site in Tucson, AZ, were compared to those obtained from experiments conducted using the same aquifer material packed homogeneously. The results indicate that both physical and chemical factors, specifically preferential flow and associated rate-limited diffusive mass-transfer and rate-limited sorption/desorption, respectively, contributed to the nonideal behavior observed for trichloroethene transport in the undisturbed core. A successful prediction of trichloroethene transport in the undisturbed core was made employing a mathematical model incorporating multiple sources of nonideal transport, using independently determined model parameters to account for the multiple factors contributing to the nonideal transport behavior. The simulation results indicate that local-scale physical heterogeneity controlled the nonideal transport behavior of trichloroethene in the undisturbed core, and that nonlinear, rate-limited sorption/desorption were of secondary importance. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Johnson, G R AU - Gupta, K AU - Putz, D K AU - Hu, Q AU - Brusseau, M L Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 35 EP - 58 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 64 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - trichloroethane KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - transport KW - tracers KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Tucson Arizona KW - Pima County Arizona KW - Superfund sites KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - Arizona KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51161766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+local-scale+physical+heterogeneity+and+nonlinear%2C+rate-limited+sorption%2Fdesorption+on+contaminant+transport+in+porous+media&rft.au=Johnson%2C+G+R%3BGupta%2C+K%3BPutz%2C+D+K%3BHu%2C+Q%3BBrusseau%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900103-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Arizona; chlorinated hydrocarbons; desorption; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; mathematical models; organic compounds; physical properties; Pima County Arizona; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; prediction; preferential flow; simulation; solute transport; sorption; Superfund sites; tracers; transport; trichloroethane; Tucson Arizona; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00103-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permeability dependence of seismic amplitudes AN - 50891321; 2003-068363 JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Pride, Steven R AU - Harris, Jerry AU - Johnson, David L AU - Mateeva, Albena AU - Nihei, Kurt T AU - Nowack, Robert L AU - Rector, James W AU - Spetzler, Hartmut AU - Wu, Rushan AU - Yamomoto, Tokuo AU - Berryman, James G AU - Fehler, Michael Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - June 2003 SP - 518 EP - 525 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - P-waves KW - microcracks KW - elastic properties KW - elastic waves KW - fluid dynamics KW - voxels KW - attenuation KW - pore pressure KW - propagation KW - body waves KW - three-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - inverse problem KW - effects KW - current research KW - porosity KW - seismic methods KW - cracks KW - seismic waves KW - wave dispersion KW - S-waves KW - permeability KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50891321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Permeability+dependence+of+seismic+amplitudes&rft.au=Pride%2C+Steven+R%3BHarris%2C+Jerry%3BJohnson%2C+David+L%3BMateeva%2C+Albena%3BNihei%2C+Kurt+T%3BNowack%2C+Robert+L%3BRector%2C+James+W%3BSpetzler%2C+Hartmut%3BWu%2C+Rushan%3BYamomoto%2C+Tokuo%3BBerryman%2C+James+G%3BFehler%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Pride&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=518&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; body waves; cracks; current research; effects; elastic properties; elastic waves; field studies; fluid dynamics; geophysical methods; inverse problem; mathematical models; microcracks; numerical analysis; P-waves; permeability; pore pressure; porosity; porous materials; propagation; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models; voxels; wave dispersion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BlochLib: a fast NMR C++ tool kit AN - 18925868; 5684519 AB - Computational power, speed, and algorithmic complexity are increasing at a continuing rate. As a result, scientific simulations continue to investigate more and more complex systems. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is no exception. NMR theory and language is extremely well developed, that simulations have become a standard by which experiments are measured. Nowadays, complex computations can be performed on normal workstations and workstation clusters. Basic numerical operations have also become extremely optimized and new computer language paradigms have become implemented. Currently there exists no complete NMR tool kit which uses these newer techniques. This paper describes such a tool kit, BlochLib. BlochLib is designed to be the next generation of NMR simulation packages; however, the basic techniques implemented are applicable to almost any problem. BlochLib enables the user to simulate almost any NMR idea both experimental or theoretical in nature. Both classical and quantum mechanical techniques are included and demonstrated, as well as several powerful user interface tools. The total tool kit and documentation can be found at http://waugh.cchem.berkeley.edu/blochlib/. JF - Journal of Magnetic Resonance AU - Blanton, W B AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Mail stop 66-208, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, magneto@dirac.cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 269 EP - 283 VL - 162 IS - 2 SN - 1090-7807, 1090-7807 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - N.M.R. KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18925868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Magnetic+Resonance&rft.atitle=BlochLib%3A+a+fast+NMR+C%2B%2B+tool+kit&rft.au=Blanton%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Blanton&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=162&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Magnetic+Resonance&rft.issn=10907807&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1090-7807%2803%2900035-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Magnetic resonance imaging; N.M.R.; Computer programs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1090-7807(03)00035-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation-induced versus endogenous DNA damage: commentary on Pollycove and Feinendegen AN - 18801982; 5679799 JF - Human & Experimental Toxicology AU - Barcellos-Hoff, M H AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mhbarcellos-hoff@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 307 VL - 22 IS - 6 SN - 0960-3271, 0960-3271 KW - endogenous damage KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18801982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+%26+Experimental+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Radiation-induced+versus+endogenous+DNA+damage%3A+commentary+on+Pollycove+and+Feinendegen&rft.au=Barcellos-Hoff%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Barcellos-Hoff&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+%26+Experimental+Toxicology&rft.issn=09603271&rft_id=info:doi/10.1191%2F0960327103ht366oa LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327103ht366oa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Segmentation of volumetric tissue images using constrained active contour models AN - 18758329; 5627806 AB - In this article we describe an application of active contour model for the segmentation of 3D histo-pathological images. The 3D images of a thick tissue specimen are obtained as a stack of optical sections using confocal laser beam scanning microscope (CLSM). We have applied noise reduction and feature enhancement methods so that a smooth and slowly varying potential surface is obtained for proper convergence. To increase the capture range of the potential surface, we use a combination of distance potential and the diffused gradient potential as external forces. It has been shown that the region-based information obtained from low-level segmentation can be applied to reduce the adverse influence of the neighbouring nucleus having a strong boundary feature. We have also shown that, by increasing the axial resolution of the image stack, we can automatically propagate the optimum active contour of one image slice to its neighbouring image slices as an appropriate initial model. Results on images of prostate tissue section are presented. JF - Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine AU - Adiga, PSU AD - PS Umesh Adiga, Bio-Imaging Group, MS 84-171, Lawrence Berkeley National laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94705, USA, upadiga@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/06// PY - 2003 DA - Jun 2003 SP - 91 EP - 104 VL - 71 IS - 2 SN - 0169-2607, 0169-2607 KW - volumetry KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W4 150:Medical Imaging KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18758329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computer+Methods+and+Programs+in+Biomedicine&rft.atitle=Segmentation+of+volumetric+tissue+images+using+constrained+active+contour+models&rft.au=Adiga%2C+PSU&rft.aulast=Adiga&rft.aufirst=PSU&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computer+Methods+and+Programs+in+Biomedicine&rft.issn=01692607&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-2607%2802%2900059-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2607(02)00059-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated Measurements of Ammonia and Nitric Acid in Indoor and Outdoor Air AN - 16170651; 5801321 AB - Simultaneous temporally resolved indoor and outdoor measurements of ammonia and nitric acid are valuable for determining the gas-particle equilibrium conditions governing concentrations of ammonium nitrate aerosol. We report the results of simultaneous automated indoor and outdoor measurements of ammonia and nitric acid concentrations made at an unoccupied, single-story residence in Clovis, CA during three periods from October 2000 to January 2001. The measurements were conducted as part of a controlled study to explore mechanisms governing indoor concentrations of fine aerosols of outdoor origin. The gas-phase measurements were performed using diffusion denuders and ion chromatography with 30 min temporal resolution and detection limits below 1 ppb. The conditions of the field experiment span a wide range of outdoor climate as well as natural and forced indoor conditions. During all periods ammonia concentrations were generally slightly higher indoors than out, with both outdoor and indoor concentrations varying in a range from approximately 5 to 30 ppb. Nitric acid was only detected in outdoor air in October 2000, at concentrations up to 3 ppb. During the October period, the product of outdoor nitric acid and ammonia concentrations sometimes deviated from that expected for equilibrium between gas and ammonium nitrate particulate phases and the degree and direction of disequilibrium were correlated with trends in air temperature. The consistently low indoor concentrations of nitric acid were not consistent with equilibrium between gas and particle phases and suggest that a combination of low penetration into the building and a high loss rate for nitric acid reduce indoor concentrations significantly below those outdoors. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Fischer, M L AU - Littlejohn, D AU - Lunden, M M AU - Brown, N J AD - Bldg 51R0208, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, mlfischer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/05/15/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 May 15 SP - 2114 EP - 2119 VL - 37 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - USA, California, Clovis KW - Atmospheric pollution chemistry KW - Ammonia KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Temperature KW - Automation KW - Ammonia content of atmosphere KW - Air sampling KW - Emission measurements KW - Nitric acid KW - USA, California KW - Indoor environments KW - Nitric acid in atmosphere KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16170651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Automated+Measurements+of+Ammonia+and+Nitric+Acid+in+Indoor+and+Outdoor+Air&rft.au=Fischer%2C+M+L%3BLittlejohn%2C+D%3BLunden%2C+M+M%3BBrown%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-05-15&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes026133x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution chemistry; Indoor air pollution; Ammonia content of atmosphere; Nitric acid in atmosphere; Aerosols; Ammonia; Temperature; Emission measurements; Air sampling; Automation; Nitric acid; Indoor environments; USA, California, Clovis; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es026133x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Porosity, permeability, and fluid flow in the Yellowstone geothermal system, Wyoming AN - 51981872; 2003-041884 AB - Cores from two of 13 U.S. Geological Survey research holes at Yellowstone National Park (Y-5 and Y-8) were evaluated to characterize lithology, texture, alteration, and the degree and nature of fracturing and veining. Porosity and matrix permeability measurements and petrographic examination of the cores were used to evaluate the effects of lithology and hydrothermal alteration on porosity and permeability. The intervals studied in these two core holes span the conductive zone and the upper portion of the convective geothermal reservoir. Variations in porosity and matrix permeability observed in the Y-5 and Y-8 cores are primarily controlled by lithology. Y-8 intersects three distinct lithologies: volcaniclastic sandstone, perlitic rhyolitic lava, and non-welded pumiceous ash-flow tuff. The sandstone typically has high permeability and porosity, and the tuff has very high porosity and moderate permeability, while the perlitic lava has very low porosity and is essentially impermeable. Hydrothermal self-sealing appears to have generated localized permeability barriers within the reservoir. Changes in pressure and temperature in Y-8 correspond to a zone of silicification in the volcaniclastic sandstone just above the contact with the perlitic rhyolite; this silicification has significantly reduced porosity and permeability. In rocks with inherently low matrix permeability (such as densely welded ash-flow tuff), fluid flow is controlled by the fracture network. The Y-5 core hole penetrates a thick intracaldera section of the 0.6-Ma Lava Creek ash-flow tuff. In this core, the degree of welding appears to be responsible for most of the variations in porosity, matrix permeability, and the frequency of fractures and veins. Fractures are most abundant within the more densely welded sections of the tuff. However, the most prominent zones of fracturing and mineralization are associated with hydrothermal breccias within densely welded portions of the tuff. These breccia zones represent transient conduits of high fluid flow that formed by the explosive release of overpressure in the underlying geothermal reservoir and that were subsequently sealed by supersaturated geothermal fluids. In addition to this fracture sealing, hydrothermal alteration at Yellowstone appears generally to reduce matrix permeability and focus flow along fractures, where multiple pulses of fluid flow and self-sealing have occurred. JF - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Hulen, Jeffrey AU - Simmons, Ardyth Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 313 EP - 324 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 123 IS - 3-4 SN - 0377-0273, 0377-0273 KW - United States KW - alteration KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - fluid dynamics KW - metasomatism KW - cores KW - exploration KW - fractures KW - ash flows KW - volcaniclastics KW - geothermal systems KW - Yellowstone National Park KW - mineralization KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - tuff KW - porosity KW - geothermal energy KW - Wyoming KW - pyroclastics KW - lithofacies KW - lava KW - diagenesis KW - petrography KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51981872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.atitle=Porosity%2C+permeability%2C+and+fluid+flow+in+the+Yellowstone+geothermal+system%2C+Wyoming&rft.au=Dobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BHulen%2C+Jeffrey%3BSimmons%2C+Ardyth&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.issn=03770273&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0377-0273%2803%2900039-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03770273 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JVGRDQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; ash flows; cores; diagenesis; exploration; fluid dynamics; fractures; geothermal energy; geothermal systems; hydrothermal alteration; igneous rocks; lava; lithofacies; metasomatism; mineralization; permeability; petrography; porosity; pyroclastics; tuff; United States; volcanic rocks; volcaniclastics; Wyoming; Yellowstone National Park DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00039-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deep origin of hotspots; the mantle plume model AN - 51975578; 2003-045500 JF - Science AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Manga, Michael Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 920 EP - 921 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 300 IS - 5621 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - tomography KW - hot spots KW - imagery KW - Yellowstone Hot Spot KW - geophysical methods KW - mantle KW - depth KW - seismic methods KW - buoyancy KW - genesis KW - Hawaiian Plume KW - plate tectonics KW - volcanism KW - heat flow KW - mantle plumes KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51975578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Deep+origin+of+hotspots%3B+the+mantle+plume+model&rft.au=DePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BManga%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=DePaolo&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=300&rft.issue=5621&rft.spage=920&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buoyancy; depth; genesis; geophysical methods; Hawaiian Plume; heat flow; hot spots; imagery; mantle; mantle plumes; plate tectonics; seismic methods; tomography; volcanism; Yellowstone Hot Spot ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On vertical diffusion of gases in a horizontal reservoir AN - 51952672; 2003-062335 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Patzek, T W AU - Silin, D B AU - Benson, S M AU - Barenblatt, G I Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 141 EP - 156 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - petroleum engineering KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - Fourier analysis KW - algorithms KW - diffusivity KW - vertical movements KW - methane KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - injection KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - alkanes KW - aquifers KW - models KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - isotherms KW - hydrocarbons KW - homogeneous materials KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51952672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=On+vertical+diffusion+of+gases+in+a+horizontal+reservoir&rft.au=Patzek%2C+T+W%3BSilin%2C+D+B%3BBenson%2C+S+M%3BBarenblatt%2C+G+I&rft.aulast=Patzek&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; carbon dioxide; diffusivity; fluid dynamics; Fourier analysis; gaseous phase; homogeneous materials; hydrocarbons; injection; isotherms; mathematical models; methane; models; numerical models; organic compounds; petroleum engineering; physical properties; porous materials; reservoir rocks; simulation; vertical movements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing and parameterizing a conceptual solute transport model in saturated fractured tuff using sorbing and nonsorbing tracers in cross-hole tracer tests AN - 51166410; 2003-053477 AB - Two cross-hole tracer tests involving the simultaneous injection of two nonsorbing solute tracers with different diffusion coefficients (bromide and pentafluorobenzoate) and one weakly sorbing solute tracer (lithium ion) were conducted in two different intervals at the C-wells complex near the site of a potential high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, NV. The tests were conducted to (1) test a conceptual radionuclide transport model for saturated, fractured tuffs near Yucca Mountain and (2) obtain transport parameter estimates for predictive modeling of radionuclide transport. The differences between the responses of the two nonsorbing tracers and the sorbing tracer (when normalized to injection masses) were consistent with a dual-porosity transport system in which matrix diffusion was occurring. The concentration attenuation of the sorbing tracer relative to the nonsorbing tracers suggested that diffusion occurred primarily into matrix pores, not simply into stagnant water within the fractures. The K (sub d) values deduced from the lithium responses were generally larger than K (sub d) values measured in laboratory batch sorption tests using crushed C-wells cores. This result supports the use of laboratory-derived K (sub d) values for predicting sorbing species transport at the site, as the laboratory K (sub d) values would result in underprediction of sorption and hence conservative transport predictions. The tracer tests also provided estimates of effective flow porosity and longitudinal dispersivity at the site. The tests clearly demonstrated the advantages of using multiple tracers of different physical and chemical characteristics to distinguish between alternative conceptual transport models and to obtain transport parameter estimates that are better constrained than can be obtained using only a single tracer or using multiple nonsorbing tracers without a sorbing tracer. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Reimus, Paul W AU - Haga, Marc J AU - Adams, Andrew I AU - Callahan, Timothy J AU - Turin, H J AU - Counce, Dale A A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 613 EP - 636 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - dispersivity KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - saturated materials KW - halogens KW - bromide ion KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - tracers KW - tuff KW - ion exchange KW - Yucca Mountain KW - mobility KW - Nevada KW - diffusivity KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - lithium KW - matrix KW - injection KW - alkali metals KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - bromine KW - Nye County Nevada KW - pyroclastics KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - testing KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51166410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Testing+and+parameterizing+a+conceptual+solute+transport+model+in+saturated+fractured+tuff+using+sorbing+and+nonsorbing+tracers+in+cross-hole+tracer+tests&rft.au=Reimus%2C+Paul+W%3BHaga%2C+Marc+J%3BAdams%2C+Andrew+I%3BCallahan%2C+Timothy+J%3BTurin%2C+H+J%3BCounce%2C+Dale+A&rft.aulast=Reimus&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900185-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; bromide ion; bromine; diffusivity; dispersivity; experimental studies; fractured materials; halogens; high-level waste; igneous rocks; injection; ion exchange; isotopes; laboratory studies; lithium; matrix; metals; migration of elements; mobility; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; porous materials; prediction; pyroclastics; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; saturated materials; site exploration; solute transport; testing; theoretical models; tracers; transport; tuff; United States; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00185-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling dispersion in three-dimensional heterogeneous fractured media at Yucca Mountain AN - 51166378; 2003-053475 AB - Highly resolved numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the longitudinal and transverse dispersivities proposed for use in the larger-scale Yucca Mountain saturated zone (SZ) site-scale model. Two different stochastic continuum models (SCM) that define the spatial variability of permeability are inferred from the observed fracture characteristics and the measured permeabilities. These models are created with a combination of indicator geostatistics and boolean simulation that allow for modeling different correlation lengths and anisotropy ratios at different permeability thresholds as well as the inclusion of large, high-permeability features. Longitudinal and transverse (horizontal and vertical) dispersion through the permeability realizations is evaluated for both distributed and focused source geometries using groundwater flow and streamline particle tracking. These numerical results are compared to behavior predicted by an analytical solution and to dispersivities estimated by an expert panel. Early time transport results are significantly non-Gaussian due to the strong heterogeneity of the fractured medium. At late times, travel distances of 23 correlation lengths, the longitudinal and transverse horizontal dispersivity results are well approximated by the analytical solution and the expert elicitation estimates. The calculated transverse vertical dispersivity values are smaller than those estimated from the analytical solution. Inclusion of high-permeability features of the same size as the model domain with a distributed planar source creates extreme values of the longitudinal and transverse horizontal dispersivity. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - McKenna, Sean A AU - Walker, Douglas D AU - Arnold, Bill A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 577 EP - 594 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - dispersivity KW - site exploration KW - preferential flow KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - fractures KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - high-level waste KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - geostatistics KW - Nye County Nevada KW - geometry KW - models KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51166378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Modeling+dispersion+in+three-dimensional+heterogeneous+fractured+media+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=McKenna%2C+Sean+A%3BWalker%2C+Douglas+D%3BArnold%2C+Bill&rft.aulast=McKenna&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900189-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dispersivity; fractured materials; fractures; geometry; geostatistics; ground water; high-level waste; models; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; preferential flow; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; site exploration; solutes; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; three-dimensional models; transport; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; waste management; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00189-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial impacts to the near-field environment geochemistry; a model for estimating microbial communities in repository drifts at Yucca Mountain AN - 51163982; 2003-053474 AB - Geochemical and microbiological modeling was performed to evaluate the potential quantities and impact of microorganisms on the geochemistry of the area adjacent to and within nuclear waste packages in the proposed repository drifts at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The microbial growth results from the introduction of water, ground support, and waste package materials into the deep unsaturated rock. The simulations, which spanned 1 million years, were accomplished using a newly developed computer code, Microbial Impacts to the Near-Field Environment Geochemistry (MING). MING uses environmental thresholds for limiting microbial growth to temperatures below 120 degrees C and above relative humidities of 90% in repository drifts. Once these thresholds are met, MING expands upon a mass balance and thermodynamic approach proposed by McKinley et al. [FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 20 (1997) 545] by using kinetic rates to supply constituents from design materials and constituent fluxes including solubilized rock components into the drift to perform two separate mass balance calculations as a function of time. The first (nutrient limit) assesses the available nutrients (C, N, P and S) and calculates how many microorganisms can be produced based on a microorganism stoichiometry of C (sub 160) (H (sub 280) O (sub 80) )N (sub 30) P (sub 2) S. The second (energy limit) calculates the energy available from optimally combined redox couples for the temperature and pH at that time. This optimization maximizes those reactions that produce >15 kJ/mol (limit on useable energy) using an iterative linear optimization technique. The final available energy value is converted to microbial mass at a rate of 1 kg of biomass (dry weight) for every 64 MJ of energy. These two values (nutrient limit and energy limit) are then compared and the smaller value represents the number of microorganisms that can be produced over a specified time. MING can also be adapted to investigate other problems of interest as the model can be used in saturated and unsaturated environments and in laboratory situations to establish microbial growth limitations. Other projected uses include investigations of contaminated locations where monitored natural attenuation or engineered bioremediation could be employed. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Jolley, Darren M AU - Ehrhorn, Thomas F AU - Horn, Joanne A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 553 EP - 575 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - communities KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mass balance KW - tunnels KW - natural attenuation KW - ecology KW - thermodynamic properties KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - disposal barriers KW - high-level waste KW - monitoring KW - geomicrobiology KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - solubility KW - bioremediation KW - Nye County Nevada KW - models KW - saturation KW - biofilms KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - microorganisms KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Microbial+impacts+to+the+near-field+environment+geochemistry%3B+a+model+for+estimating+microbial+communities+in+repository+drifts+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Jolley%2C+Darren+M%3BEhrhorn%2C+Thomas+F%3BHorn%2C+Joanne&rft.aulast=Jolley&rft.aufirst=Darren&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900187-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biofilms; bioremediation; communities; disposal barriers; ecology; geochemistry; geomicrobiology; high-level waste; isotopes; mass balance; mathematical models; microorganisms; models; moisture; monitoring; natural attenuation; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; prediction; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; saturation; site exploration; solubility; sorption; thermodynamic properties; tunnels; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00187-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of the multiscale thermohydrologic model used for analysis of a proposed repository at Yucca Mountain AN - 51163933; 2003-053467 AB - Performance assessment and design evaluation of the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain are facilitated by a thermohydrologic modeling tool that simultaneously accounts for processes occurring at a scale of a few tens of centimeters around individual waste packages and emplacement drifts, and accounts for processes at the multi-kilometer scale of the mountain. The most straightforward approach is to account for the 3-D drift- and mountain-scale dimensionality all within a single monolithic thermohydrologic model. This approach is too computationally expensive to be a viable simulation tool capable of addressing all waste-package locations in the repository. The Multiscale Thermohydrologic Model (MSTHM) is a computationally efficient alternative to addressing these modeling issues. In this paper, we describe the principal calculation stages to predict temperature, relative humidity, and liquid-saturation, as well as other thermohydrologic variables, in the drifts and in the host rock. Using a three-drift repository example (which is a scaled-down version of the proposed repository), we demonstrate the validity of the MSTHM approach against a nested monolithic thermohydrologic model. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Buscheck, Thomas A AU - Glascoe, L G AU - Lee, K H AU - Gansemer, J AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Mansoor, K A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 421 EP - 440 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - scale factor KW - hydrology KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - high-level waste KW - site exploration KW - finite difference analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - radioactive decay KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - saturation KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - underground disposal KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Validation+of+the+multiscale+thermohydrologic+model+used+for+analysis+of+a+proposed+repository+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Buscheck%2C+Thomas+A%3BGlascoe%2C+L+G%3BLee%2C+K+H%3BGansemer%2C+J%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BMansoor%2C+K&rft.aulast=Buscheck&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=421&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900157-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; finite difference analysis; ground water; high-level waste; hydrology; migration of elements; models; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; radioactive decay; radioactive waste; risk assessment; saturation; scale factor; site exploration; statistical analysis; theoretical models; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00157-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Yucca Mountain Project AN - 51163835; 2003-053445 JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 750 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - programs KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Yucca Mountain KW - research KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Nevada KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Yucca+Mountain+Project&rft.title=Yucca+Mountain+Project&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; programs; radioactive waste; research; site exploration; United States; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The site-scale saturated zone flow model for Yucca Mountain; calibration of different conceptual models and their impact on flow paths AN - 51163747; 2003-053483 AB - This paper presents several different conceptual models of the Large Hydraulic Gradient (LHG) region north of Yucca Mountain and describes the impact of those models on groundwater flow near the potential high-level repository site. The results are based on a numerical model of site-scale saturated zone beneath Yucca Mountain. This model is used for performance assessment predictions of radionuclide transport and to guide future data collection and modeling activities. The numerical model is calibrated by matching available water level measurements using parameter estimation techniques, along with more informal comparisons of the model to hydrologic and geochemical information. The model software (hydrologic simulation code FEHM and parameter estimation software PEST) and model setup allows for efficient calibration of multiple conceptual models. Until now, the Large Hydraulic Gradient has been simulated using a low-permeability, east-west oriented feature, even though direct evidence for this feature is lacking. In addition to this model, we investigate and calibrate three additional conceptual models of the Large Hydraulic Gradient, all of which are based on a presumed zone of hydrothermal chemical alteration north of Yucca Mountain. After examining the heads and permeabilities obtained from the calibrated models, we present particle pathways from the potential repository that record differences in the predicted groundwater flow regime. The results show that Large Hydraulic Gradient can be represented with the alternate conceptual models that include the hydrothermally altered zone. The predicted pathways are mildly sensitive to the choice of the conceptual model and more sensitive to the quality of calibration in the vicinity on the repository. These differences are most likely due to different degrees of fit of model to data, and do not represent important differences in hydrologic conditions for the different conceptual models. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Zyvoloski, George A AU - Kwicklis, Edward M AU - Eddebbarh, Al Aziz AU - Arnold, Bill AU - Faunt, Claudia C AU - Robinson, Bruce A A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 731 EP - 750 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - site exploration KW - calibration KW - simulation KW - metasomatism KW - radioactive waste KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - high-level waste KW - numerical models KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - boundary conditions KW - measurement KW - models KW - water table KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=The+site-scale+saturated+zone+flow+model+for+Yucca+Mountain%3B+calibration+of+different+conceptual+models+and+their+impact+on+flow+paths&rft.au=Zyvoloski%2C+George+A%3BKwicklis%2C+Edward+M%3BEddebbarh%2C+Al+Aziz%3BArnold%2C+Bill%3BFaunt%2C+Claudia+C%3BRobinson%2C+Bruce+A&rft.aulast=Zyvoloski&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900190-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; boundary conditions; calibration; high-level waste; hydrothermal alteration; measurement; metasomatism; migration of elements; models; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; pollution; prediction; radioactive waste; saturated zone; simulation; site exploration; theoretical models; transport; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; water table; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00190-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical analyses of pore water from boreholes USW SD-6 and USW WT-24, Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51163640; 2003-053464 AB - Analyses of pore water extracted from cores of boreholes USW SD-6 in the central part and USW WT-24 in the northern part of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, show significant vertical and lateral variations in dissolved-ion concentrations. Analyses of samples of only a few milliliters of pore water extracted by uniaxial or triaxial compression and by ultracentrifugation methods from adjacent core samples are generally in agreement, within the analytical error of 10% to 15%. However, the values of silica for water obtained by ultracentrifugation are consistently lower than values for water obtained by compression. The larger concentrations probably are due to localized pressure solution of silicate minerals during compression. The shallower water from core in borehole USW SD-6 was extracted from nonwelded units collectively referred to as the Paintbrush Tuff nonwelded (PTn). The deeper water was from core in both boreholes USW SD-6 and USW WT-24 in the nonwelded units referred to as the Calico Hills nonwelded (CHn). Significant differences in mean dissolved-ion concentrations in pore water between the PTn and CHn are (1) decreases in Ca, Mg, SO (sub 4) , and NO (sub 3) and (2) increases in HCO (sub 3) and (Na+K)/(Ca+Mg) ratios. The decrease in NO (sub 3) and the increase in HCO (sub 3) could be the result of denitrification through the oxidation of organic matter. The decrease in Ca and associated increase in (Na+K)/(Ca+Mg) is the result of ion exchange with zeolites in the CHn in borehole USW WT-24. This effect is not nearly as pronounced in borehole USW SD-6, probably reflecting a smaller amount of zeolitization of the CHn in USW SD-6. Geochemical calculations using the PHREEQC code indicate that the pore water from both boreholes USW SD-6 and USW WT-24 is uniformly undersaturated in anhydrite, gypsum, and amorphous silica, but supersaturated in quartz and chalcedony. The saturation of calcite, aragonite, sepiolite, and dolomite is more variable from sample to sample. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Yang, In C AU - Peterman, Zell E AU - Scofield, Kevin M A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 361 EP - 380 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - water quality KW - magnesium KW - site exploration KW - ions KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - centrifuge methods KW - ion exchange KW - nitrate ion KW - chemical composition KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - PHREEQC KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - chemical analysis KW - sulfate ion KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - hydrochemistry KW - Miocene KW - aquifers KW - Tertiary KW - boreholes KW - saturation KW - dissolved materials KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - shallow aquifers KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - pore water KW - Paintbrush Tuff KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Chemical+analyses+of+pore+water+from+boreholes+USW+SD-6+and+USW+WT-24%2C+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Yang%2C+In+C%3BPeterman%2C+Zell+E%3BScofield%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=In&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900160-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aquifers; boreholes; calcium; Cenozoic; centrifuge methods; chemical analysis; chemical composition; concentration; dissolved materials; environmental analysis; geochemistry; ground water; high-level waste; hydrochemistry; ion exchange; ions; magnesium; metals; migration of elements; Miocene; Neogene; Nevada; nitrate ion; Nye County Nevada; oxidation; Paintbrush Tuff; PHREEQC; pollution; pore water; radioactive waste; saturation; shallow aquifers; site exploration; sulfate ion; Tertiary; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; water quality; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00160-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of thermohydrologic behavior for above-boiling and below-boiling thermal-operating modes for a repository at Yucca Mountain AN - 51163402; 2003-053468 AB - We report results from a multi-scale thermohydrologic modeling study for two alternative thermal-operating modes for the potential repository system recently analyzed by the Yucca Mountain Project. These include a Higher-Temperature Operating Mode (HTOM), which results in a localized boiling zone around each emplacement drift, and a Lower-Temperature Operating Mode (LTOM), which always maintains sub-boiling temperatures throughout the repository. The HTOM places all waste packages nearly end to end, making the lineal power density greater than in the LTOM. The lower lineal power density in the LTOM was achieved by placing some waste packages farther apart (which results in a larger repository footprint), and through an increased reliance on pre-closure ventilation to remove the waste-package-generated heat. We focus on temperature T and relative humidity RH at the waste-package and drift-wall surfaces, and on in-drift evaporation. In general, HTOM temperatures are greater than corresponding LTOM temperatures, exhibit similar spatial variability and have a stronger dependence on infiltration flux. The duration of RH reduction on waste packages is similar for the LTOM and HTOM. A major difference between the LTOM and HTOM is the lower waste-package temperature at any given value of waste-package RH for the LTOM. Waste-package temperatures in the LTOM, by design, remain below approximately 85 degrees C; the absence of RH reduction arising from host-rock dryout causes waste-package RH to remain above about 40%. The HTOM waste packages experience higher temperatures and correspondingly lower RH conditions as a result of RH reduction arising from host-rock dryout. For most of the repository area, the HTOM delays the potential onset of gravity-driven seepage compared to the LTOM (as indicated by the duration of boiling at the drift wall). Boiling conditions in the HTOM also delays the onset of capillary-driven seepage into the granular invert, causing the HTOM to have less evaporation in the invert during the first 800-1500 years than the LTOM; subsequent evaporation rates are higher in the HTOM, due to the higher power density. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Buscheck, Thomas A AU - Rosenberg, N D AU - Blink, J A AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Gansemer, J A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 441 EP - 457 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - scale factor KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - site exploration KW - finite difference analysis KW - radioactive decay KW - seepage KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - high-level waste KW - thermal properties KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - aquifers KW - models KW - physical properties KW - saturation KW - underground installations KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - storage KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+thermohydrologic+behavior+for+above-boiling+and+below-boiling+thermal-operating+modes+for+a+repository+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Buscheck%2C+Thomas+A%3BRosenberg%2C+N+D%3BBlink%2C+J+A%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BGansemer%2C+J&rft.aulast=Buscheck&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900156-0 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; finite difference analysis; ground water; high-level waste; hydrology; migration of elements; models; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; physical properties; pollution; radioactive decay; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; risk assessment; saturation; scale factor; seepage; site exploration; statistical analysis; storage; theoretical models; thermal properties; underground disposal; underground installations; United States; waste disposal; waste management; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00156-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A geostatistical modeling study of the effect of heterogeneity on radionuclide transport in the unsaturated zone, Yucca Mountain AN - 51163365; 2003-053462 AB - Retardation of certain radionuclides due to sorption to zeolitic minerals is considered one of the major barriers to contaminant transport in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain. However, zeolitically altered areas are lower in permeability than unaltered regions, which raises the possibility that contaminants might bypass the sorptive zeolites. The relationship between hydrologic and chemical properties must be understood to predict the transport of radionuclides through zeolitically altered areas. In this study, we incorporate mineralogical information into an unsaturated zone transport model using geostatistical techniques to correlate zeolitic abundance to hydrologic and chemical properties. Geostatistical methods are used to develop variograms, kriging maps, and conditional simulations of zeolitic abundance. We then investigate, using flow and transport modeling on a heterogeneous field, the relationship between percent zeolitic alteration, permeability changes due to alteration, sorption due to alteration, and their overall effect on radionuclide transport. We compare these geostatistical simulations to a simplified threshold method in which each spatial location in the model is assigned either zeolitic or vitric properties based on the zeolitic abundance at that location. A key conclusion is that retardation due to sorption predicted by using the continuous distribution is larger than the retardation predicted by the threshold method. The reason for larger retardation when using the continuous distribution is a small but significant sorption at locations with low zeolitic abundance. If, for practical reasons, models with homogeneous properties within each layer are used, we recommend setting nonzero K (sub d) s in the vitric tuffs to mimic the more rigorous continuous distribution simulations. Regions with high zeolitic abundance may not be as effective in retarding radionuclides such as Neptunium since these rocks are lower in permeability and contaminants can only enter these regions through molecular diffusion. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Viswanathan, Hari S AU - Robinson, Bruce A AU - Gable, Carl W AU - Carey, James W A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 319 EP - 336 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - neptunium KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - zeolite group KW - framework silicates KW - Yucca Mountain KW - mobility KW - Nevada KW - disposal barriers KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - geostatistics KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - models KW - heterogeneous materials KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+geostatistical+modeling+study+of+the+effect+of+heterogeneity+on+radionuclide+transport+in+the+unsaturated+zone%2C+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Viswanathan%2C+Hari+S%3BRobinson%2C+Bruce+A%3BGable%2C+Carl+W%3BCarey%2C+James+W&rft.aulast=Viswanathan&rft.aufirst=Hari&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900162-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; disposal barriers; framework silicates; geostatistics; ground water; heterogeneous materials; isotopes; metals; migration of elements; mobility; models; neptunium; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; silicates; simulation; site exploration; sorption; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models; transport; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain; zeolite group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00162-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorine-36 data at Yucca Mountain; statistical tests of conceptual models for unsaturated-zone flow AN - 51163286; 2003-053448 AB - An extensive set of chlorine-36 ( (super 36) Cl) data has been collected in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF), an 8-km-long tunnel at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, for the purpose of developing and testing conceptual models of flow and transport in the unsaturated zone (UZ) at this site. At several locations, the measured values of (super 36) Cl/Cl ratios for salts leached from rock samples are high enough to provide strong evidence that at least a small component of bomb-pulse (super 36) Cl, fallout from atmospheric testing of nuclear devices in the 1950s and 1960s, was measured, implying that some fraction of the water traveled from the ground surface through 200-300 m of unsaturated rock to the level of the ESF during the last 50 years. These data are analyzed here using a formal statistical approach based on log-linear models to evaluate alternative conceptual models for the distribution of such fast flow paths. The most significant determinant of the presence of bomb-pulse (super 36) Cl in a sample from the welded Topopah Spring unit (TSw) is the structural setting from which the sample was collected. Our analysis generally supports the conceptual model that a fault that cuts through the nonwelded Paintbrush tuff unit (PTn) that overlies the TSw is required in order for bomb-pulse (super 36) Cl to be transmitted to the sample depth in less than 50 years. Away from PTn-cutting faults, the ages of water samples at the ESF appear to be a strong function of the thickness of the nonwelded tuff between the ground surface and the ESF, due to slow matrix flow in that unit. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Campbell, Katherine AU - Wolfsberg, Andrew AU - Fabryka-Martin, June T AU - Sweetkind, Donald S A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 43 EP - 61 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - halogens KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - tunnels KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - chlorine KW - Cl-36 KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - models KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - underground installations KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Chlorine-36+data+at+Yucca+Mountain%3B+statistical+tests+of+conceptual+models+for+unsaturated-zone+flow&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Katherine%3BWolfsberg%2C+Andrew%3BFabryka-Martin%2C+June+T%3BSweetkind%2C+Donald+S&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900176-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; chlorine; Cl-36; fractures; halogens; hydrology; isotopes; migration of elements; Miocene; models; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; site exploration; statistical analysis; Tertiary; theoretical models; Topopah Spring Member; tunnels; underground disposal; underground installations; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00176-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical solutions for reactive transport of N-member radionuclide chains in a single fracture AN - 51162126; 2003-053481 AB - Several numerical codes have been used to simulate radionuclide transport in fractured rock systems. The validation of such numerical codes can be accomplished by comparison of numerical simulations against appropriate analytical solutions. In this paper, we present analytical solutions for the reactive transport of N-member radionuclide chains (i.e., multiple species of radionuclides and their daughter species) through a discrete fracture in a porous rock matrix applying a system decomposition approach. We consider the transport of N-member radionuclide chains in a single-fracture-matrix system as a starting point to simulate more realistic and complex systems. The processes considered are advection along the fracture, lateral diffusion in the matrix, radioactive decay of multiple radionuclides, and adsorption in both the fracture and matrix. Different retardation factors can be specified for the fracture and matrix. However, all species are assumed to share the same retardation factors for the fracture and matrix, respectively. Although a daughter species may penetrate farther along the fracture than its parent species when a constant-concentration boundary condition is applied, our results indicate that all species retain the same transport speed in the fracture if a pulse of the first species is released into the fracture. This solution scheme provides a way to validate numerical computer codes of radionuclide transport in fractured rock, such as those being used to assess the performance of a potential nuclear-waste repository at Yucca Mountain. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Buscheck, Thomas A A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 695 EP - 712 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - fractured materials KW - numerical models KW - isotopes KW - matrix KW - pollution KW - radioactive decay KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - theoretical models KW - reactive transport KW - waste disposal KW - mobility KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51162126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Analytical+solutions+for+reactive+transport+of+N-member+radionuclide+chains+in+a+single+fracture&rft.au=Sun%2C+Yunwei%3BBuscheck%2C+Thomas+A&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Yunwei&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900181-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fractured materials; fractures; isotopes; mathematical models; matrix; mobility; numerical models; pollution; porous materials; radioactive decay; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reactive transport; reservoir rocks; simulation; theoretical models; transport; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00181-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radionuclide transport simulation and uncertainty analyses with the saturated-zone site-scale model at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51162064; 2003-053466 AB - Evaluation of radionuclide transport in the saturated zone (SZ) to the accessible environment is an important component of performance assessment for the proposed radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain. Simulations of radionuclide migration in the SZ have been performed using the calibrated three-dimensional (3-D) SZ site-scale flow and transport model. An innovative particle-tracking method was used to simulate transport that includes the processes of advection, dispersion, matrix diffusion, and sorption. The uncertainties in groundwater flow and radionuclide transport were quantitatively evaluated to develop uncertainty distributions for key model parameters, and multiple realizations of the SZ system were simulated using the SZ site-scale model. The results of multiple realizations of radionuclide transport indicate significant aggregate uncertainty in transport times through the SZ. The simulated radionuclide mass breakthrough curves in the SZ have been coupled with other components of the repository system in Total System Performance Assessment (TSPA) analyses and constitute the means by which uncertainty in the SZ is incorporated into regulatory analyses. Regression analysis has been used to determine the sensitivity of radionuclide transport simulation results to the uncertainty of individual model input parameters. Results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that median radionuclide transport times were dominantly controlled by uncertainty in the specific discharge in the SZ, with sorption and retardation in the alluvium playing important roles for some radionuclides. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Arnold, B W AU - Kuzio, S P AU - Robinson, Bruce A A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 401 EP - 419 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - sorption KW - particle tracks KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - saturated zone KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - discharge KW - Yucca Mountain KW - mobility KW - uncertainty KW - Nevada KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - aquifers KW - models KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - regression analysis KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51162064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Radionuclide+transport+simulation+and+uncertainty+analyses+with+the+saturated-zone+site-scale+model+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Arnold%2C+B+W%3BKuzio%2C+S+P%3BRobinson%2C+Bruce+A&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900158-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; discharge; ground water; isotopes; migration of elements; mobility; models; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; particle tracks; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; regression analysis; saturated zone; sensitivity analysis; simulation; site exploration; sorption; statistical analysis; transport; uncertainty; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00158-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling unsaturated flow and transport processes at the Busted Butte Field Test Site, Nevada AN - 51161977; 2003-053461 AB - A numerical model was used to simulate the flow and transport processes at the Busted Butte Field Test Site for the purpose of quantifying the effects of hydrogeologic conditions beneath the potential Yucca Mountain repository horizon. In situ experiments were conducted on a 10X10X7 m block comprising a layered Topopah Springs/Calico Hills formation with two imbedded faults. Tracer solution was continuously injected in eight parallel boreholes arranged on two horizontal planes. Twelve collection boreholes were emplaced perpendicular to the injection holes and were both horizontal and inclined. Solution samples were collected regularly using a sampling assembly consisting of an inverted membrane and sorbing-paper sampling pads. Comparisons between measurements and predictions show that, except for the occasional drops of concentrations observed in the field, the current model is able to capture the general characteristics of the system with varying levels of agreement using laboratory-measured mean hydraulic properties. Simulation results and field observations revealed a capillary-driven flow in the system. Good quantitative agreement is generally observed for near-field boreholes, however, this agreement deteriorates and the simulated solute concentration is underestimated at boreholes farther away from the injection points. Increasing the spatial resolution of the simulation improves the model predictions only to a limited extent. Scaling issues may need to be considered to describe flow and transport events, as the travel distance becomes large. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Tseng, P H AU - Soll, W E AU - Gable, Carl W AU - Turin, H J AU - Bussod, G Y A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 303 EP - 318 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - site exploration KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - layered materials KW - Busted Butte Field Test Site KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - transport KW - tracers KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - reservoirs KW - numerical models KW - solutes KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51161977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Modeling+unsaturated+flow+and+transport+processes+at+the+Busted+Butte+Field+Test+Site%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Tseng%2C+P+H%3BSoll%2C+W+E%3BGable%2C+Carl+W%3BTurin%2C+H+J%3BBussod%2C+G+Y&rft.aulast=Tseng&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900163-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Busted Butte Field Test Site; Cenozoic; concentration; experimental studies; ground water; layered materials; Miocene; models; Neogene; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; preferential flow; reservoir rocks; reservoirs; simulation; site exploration; solutes; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; tracers; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00163-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional spatial variability of chemical properties around a monitored waste emplacement tunnel AN - 51161793; 2003-053471 AB - Regulatory requirements and scientific needs require that the response of the geological system to emplacement of high level radioactive waste be monitored for long time periods. This monitoring activity is intended to establish the extent to which predicted behavior matches the actual response of the geological system to waste emplacement. To accomplish this goal, field measurements must be made at a spatial resolution that will determine whether the changes in parameters that are monitored conform to predicted evolutionary patterns. From the perspective of thermohydrological and geochemical parameters, key measurements will consider pore water compositional evolution and changes in matrix and fracture saturation in the near vicinity of waste emplacement tunnels. A massively parallel high performance computational platform (a 1200 processor IBM SP-2) was used to conduct three-dimensional, high resolution simulations to ascertain the spatial variability to be expected during a monitoring period. The results show that spatial variability in certain chemical parameters below waste emplacement tunnels provides robust targets for monitoring, but will require sampling on the scale of 10 s of centimeters in some locations, in order to rigorously test models. Chemical variability induced by relatively small changes in waste package heat output suggests that designing a monitoring program that will rigorously test model predictions will likely require high resolution, three-dimensional simulations of the "as-built" monitoring tunnels. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Glassley, William E AU - Nitao, John J AU - Grant, Charles W A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 495 EP - 507 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - data processing KW - simulation KW - ions KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - spatial variations KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - tunnels KW - chemical properties KW - reactive transport KW - high-level waste KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - matrix KW - drainage KW - thermal properties KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - dissolved materials KW - infiltration KW - underground installations KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - pore water KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51161793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+spatial+variability+of+chemical+properties+around+a+monitored+waste+emplacement+tunnel&rft.au=Glassley%2C+William+E%3BNitao%2C+John+J%3BGrant%2C+Charles+W&rft.aulast=Glassley&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900153-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical properties; chemical reactions; computer programs; data processing; dissolved materials; drainage; ground water; high-level waste; infiltration; ions; matrix; mineral composition; monitoring; pore water; radioactive waste; reactive transport; simulation; spatial variations; theoretical models; thermal properties; three-dimensional models; transport; tunnels; underground disposal; underground installations; waste disposal; waste management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00153-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The saturated zone at Yucca Mountain; an overview of the characterization and assessment of the saturated zone as a barrier to potential radionuclide migration AN - 51161728; 2003-053470 AB - The US Department of Energy is pursuing Yucca Mountain, Nevada, for the development of a geologic repository for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste, if the repository is able to meet applicable radiation protection standards established by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Effective performance of such a repository would rely on a number of natural and engineered barriers to isolate radioactive waste from the accessible environment. Groundwater beneath Yucca Mountain is the primary medium through which most radionuclides might move away from the potential repository. The saturated zone (SZ) system is expected to act as a natural barrier to this possible movement of radionuclides both by delaying their transport and by reducing their concentration before they reach the accessible environment. Information obtained from Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project activities is used to estimate groundwater flow rates through the site-scale SZ flow and transport model area and to constrain general conceptual models of groundwater flow in the site-scale area. The site-scale conceptual model is a synthesis of what is known about flow and transport processes at the scale required for total system performance assessment of the site. This knowledge builds on and is consistent with knowledge that has accumulated at the regional scale but is more detailed because more data are available at the site-scale level. The mathematical basis of the site-scale model and the associated numerical approaches are designed to assist in quantifying the uncertainty in the permeability of rocks in the geologic framework model and to represent accurately the flow and transport processes included in the site-scale conceptual model. Confidence in the results of the mathematical model was obtained by comparing calculated to observed hydraulic heads, estimated to measured permeabilities, and lateral flow rates calculated by the site-scale model to those calculated by the regional-scale flow model. In addition, it was confirmed that the flow paths leaving the region of the potential repository are consistent with those inferred from gradients of measured head and those independently inferred from water-chemistry data. The general approach of the site-scale SZ flow and transport model analysis is to calculate unit breakthrough curves for radionuclides at the interface between the SZ and the biosphere using the three-dimensional site-scale SZ flow and transport model. Uncertainties are explicitly incorporated into the site-scale SZ flow and transport abstractions through key parameters and conceptual models. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Eddebbarh, A A AU - Zyvoloski, George A AU - Robinson, Bruce A AU - Kwicklis, Edward M AU - Reimus, Paul W AU - Arnold, B W AU - Corbet, T AU - Kuzio, S P AU - Faunt, Claudia C A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 477 EP - 493 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - saturated zone KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - disposal barriers KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - aquifers KW - models KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51161728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=The+saturated+zone+at+Yucca+Mountain%3B+an+overview+of+the+characterization+and+assessment+of+the+saturated+zone+as+a+barrier+to+potential+radionuclide+migration&rft.au=Eddebbarh%2C+A+A%3BZyvoloski%2C+George+A%3BRobinson%2C+Bruce+A%3BKwicklis%2C+Edward+M%3BReimus%2C+Paul+W%3BArnold%2C+B+W%3BCorbet%2C+T%3BKuzio%2C+S+P%3BFaunt%2C+Claudia+C&rft.aulast=Eddebbarh&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900154-7 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; concentration; disposal barriers; fluid dynamics; ground water; high-level waste; isotopes; mathematical models; migration of elements; models; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; permeability; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; saturated zone; site exploration; theoretical models; transport; United States; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00154-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visualization experiment to investigate capillary barrier performance in the context of a Yucca Mountain emplacement drift AN - 51161665; 2003-053460 AB - The use of capillary barriers as engineered backfill systems to divert water away from radioactive waste potentially stored in a Yucca Mountain emplacement drift is investigated. We designed and conducted a flow visualization experiment to investigate capillary barrier performance in this context. A two-dimensional, thin slab, test system replicated the physical emplacement drift to one-quarter scale (1.4-m diameter) and included the simulated drift wall, waste canister, pedestal, capillary barrier backfill, and host-rock fracture system. Water was supplied at the top of the simulated drift and allowed to discharge by way of wicks located along the left wall of the cell (simulated fractures) or by a gravity drain at the bottom of the right side (simulated impermeable rock with floor drain). Photographs captured the migration of water and a blue dye tracer within the system, analytical balances measured the mass balance of water, while tensiometers measured the capillary pressure at numerous locations. Of particular concern to this test was the drainage of the capillary barrier, which terminates against the drift wall. We found that while the simulated fractures (left side) and drain (right side) each influenced the performance of the capillary barrier at early time, they had little differential affect at later times. Also of concern was the small disparity in capillary properties between the fine and coarse layer (limited by the need of a fine-grained material that would not filter into the coarse layer under dry conditions). While the capillary barrier was able to divert the majority of flow toward the edges of the system and away from the simulated waste canister, the barrier did not preclude flow in the coarse layer, which was noted to be visually wet next to the waste canister on day 92 and was continuing to take on water at termination on day 112. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Tidwell, Vincent C AU - Glass, Robert J AU - Chocas, Connie AU - Barker, Glenn AU - Orear, Lee A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 287 EP - 301 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - engineering properties KW - site exploration KW - landfills KW - capillary barriers KW - preferential flow KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - visualization KW - Yucca Mountain KW - mobility KW - Nevada KW - disposal barriers KW - underground storage KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - boundary conditions KW - two-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - storage KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51161665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Visualization+experiment+to+investigate+capillary+barrier+performance+in+the+context+of+a+Yucca+Mountain+emplacement+drift&rft.au=Tidwell%2C+Vincent+C%3BGlass%2C+Robert+J%3BChocas%2C+Connie%3BBarker%2C+Glenn%3BOrear%2C+Lee&rft.aulast=Tidwell&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900164-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; boundary conditions; capillary barriers; disposal barriers; engineering properties; ground water; hazardous waste; landfills; migration of elements; mobility; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive waste; site exploration; storage; two-dimensional models; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; United States; visualization; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00164-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermally induced natural convection effects in Yucca Mountain drifts AN - 51161005; 2003-053482 AB - Thermally induced natural convection from the heat produced by emplaced waste packages is an important heat and mass transfer mechanism within the Yucca Mountain Project (YMP) drifts. Various models for analyzing natural convection have been employed. The equivalent porous medium approach using Darcy's law has been used in many YMP applications. However, this approach has questionable fidelity, especially for turbulent flow conditions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which is based on the fundamental Navier-Stokes equations, is currently being evaluated as a technique to calculate thermally induced natural convection in YMP. Data-model comparisons for turbulent flow conditions show good agreement of CFD predictions with existing experiments including YMP-specific data. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Webb, Stephen W AU - Francis, Nicholas D AU - Dunn, Sandra Dalvit AU - Itamura, Michael T AU - James, Darryl L A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 713 EP - 730 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - high-level waste KW - contaminant plumes KW - site exploration KW - thermal properties KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - fluid dynamics KW - convection KW - Nye County Nevada KW - preventive measures KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ventilation KW - models KW - heat flow KW - tunnels KW - waste disposal KW - mass transfer KW - Yucca Mountain KW - underground disposal KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51161005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Thermally+induced+natural+convection+effects+in+Yucca+Mountain+drifts&rft.au=Webb%2C+Stephen+W%3BFrancis%2C+Nicholas+D%3BDunn%2C+Sandra+Dalvit%3BItamura%2C+Michael+T%3BJames%2C+Darryl+L&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900180-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - contaminant plumes; convection; fluid dynamics; heat flow; high-level waste; mass transfer; migration of elements; models; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; porous materials; preventive measures; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; site exploration; thermal properties; tunnels; underground disposal; United States; ventilation; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00180-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of past seepage volumes from calcite distribution in the Topopah Spring Tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51160965; 2003-053457 AB - Low-temperature calcite and opal record the past seepage of water into open fractures and lithophysal cavities in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, site of a proposed high-level radioactive waste repository. Systematic measurements of calcite and opal coatings in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF) tunnel at the proposed repository horizon are used to estimate the volume of calcite at each site of calcite and/or opal deposition. By estimating the volume of water required to precipitate the measured volumes of calcite in the unsaturated zone, seepage rates of 0.005 to 5 liters/year (l/year) are calculated at the median and 95th percentile of the measured volumes, respectively. These seepage rates are at the low end of the range of seepage rates from recent performance assessment (PA) calculations, confirming the conservative nature of the performance assessment. However, the distribution of the calcite and opal coatings indicate that a much larger fraction of the potential waste packages would be contacted by this seepage than is calculated in the performance assessment. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Marshall, Brian D AU - Neymark, Leonid A AU - Peterman, Zell E A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 237 EP - 247 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - halogens KW - unsaturated zone KW - seepage KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical properties KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - chlorine KW - high-level waste KW - Cl-36 KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - hydrochemistry KW - Miocene KW - calcite KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - carbonates KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51160965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+past+seepage+volumes+from+calcite+distribution+in+the+Topopah+Spring+Tuff%2C+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Marshall%2C+Brian+D%3BNeymark%2C+Leonid+A%3BPeterman%2C+Zell+E&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900167-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbonates; Cenozoic; chemical properties; chlorine; Cl-36; fractures; halogens; high-level waste; hydrochemistry; isotopes; migration of elements; Miocene; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; radioactive isotopes; seepage; site exploration; Tertiary; theoretical models; Topopah Spring Member; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00167-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance assessment model development and analysis of radionuclide transport in the unsaturated zone, Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51160667; 2003-053458 AB - This paper describes the development and use of a particle-tracking model to perform radionuclide-transport simulations in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The goal of the effort was to produce a computational model that can be coupled to the project's calibrated 3D site-scale flow model so that the results of that effort could be incorporated directly into the Total System Performance Assessment (TSPA) analyses. The transport model simulates multiple species (typically 20 or more) with complex time-varying and spatially varying releases from the potential repository. Water-table rise, climate-change scenarios, and decay chains are additional features of the model. A cell-based particle-tracking method was employed that includes a dual-permeability formulation, advection, longitudinal dispersion, matrix diffusion, and colloid-facilitated transport. This paper examines the transport behavior of several key radionuclides through the unsaturated zone using the calibrated 3D unsaturated flow fields. Computational results illustrate the relative importance of fracture flow, matrix diffusion, and lateral diversion on the distribution of travel times from the simulated repository to the water table for various climatic conditions. Results also indicate rapid transport through fractures for a portion of the released mass. Further refinement of the model will address several issues, including conservatism in the transport model, the assignment of parameters in the flow and transport models, and the underlying assumptions used to support the conceptual models of flow and transport in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Robinson, Bruce A AU - Li, Chunhong AU - Ho, Clifford K A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 249 EP - 268 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - neptunium KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - plutonium KW - unsaturated zone KW - elastic waves KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - Yucca Mountain KW - mobility KW - Nevada KW - diffusivity KW - technetium KW - colloidal materials KW - three-dimensional models KW - matrix KW - pollution KW - Nye County Nevada KW - aquifers KW - models KW - metals KW - traveltime KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51160667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Performance+assessment+model+development+and+analysis+of+radionuclide+transport+in+the+unsaturated+zone%2C+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Bruce+A%3BLi%2C+Chunhong%3BHo%2C+Clifford+K&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900166-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; colloidal materials; diffusivity; elastic waves; ground water; isotopes; matrix; metals; mobility; models; neptunium; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; permeability; plutonium; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; risk assessment; simulation; site exploration; technetium; theoretical models; three-dimensional models; transport; traveltime; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00166-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport of a reactive tracer in saturated alluvium described using a three-component cation-exchange model AN - 51158571; 2003-053480 AB - A weakly sorbing cation, lithium, will be used as a reactive tracer in upcoming field tracer tests in the saturated alluvium south of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. One objective of the field tests is to determine how well field-scale reactive transport can be predicted using transport parameters derived from laboratory experiments. This paper describes several laboratory lithium batch sorption and column transport experiments that were conducted using ground water and alluvium obtained from the site of the planned field tests. In the batch experiments, isotherms were determined over 2.5 orders of magnitude of lithium concentrations, corresponding to the range expected in the field tests. In addition to measuring equilibrium lithium concentrations, concentrations of other cations, namely Na (super +) , K (super +) , and Ca (super 2+) , were measured in the batch tests to determine Li (super +) -exchangeable equilibria. This information was used in conjunction with alluvium cation exchange capacity measurements to parameterize a three-component cation-exchange model (EQUIL) that describes lithium sorption in the alluvium system. This model was then applied to interpret the transport behavior of lithium ion in saturated alluvium column tests conducted at three different lithium bromide injection concentrations. The concentrations were selected such that lithium ion either dominated, accounted for a little over half, or accounted for only a small fraction of the total cation equivalents in the injection solution. Although tracer breakthrough curves differed significantly under each of these conditions, with highly asymmetric responses occurring at the highest injection concentrations, the three-component cation-exchange model reproduced the observed transport behavior of lithium and the other cations in each case with a similar set of model parameters. In contrast, a linear K (sub d) -type sorption model could only match the lithium responses at the lowest injection concentration. The three-component model will be used to interpret the field tests, with the expectation that it will help refine estimates of effective flow porosity, particularly if the lithium response curves are asymmetric. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Sullivan, Enid J AU - Reimus, Paul W AU - Counce, Dale A A2 - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S. A2 - Ho, Clifford K. A2 - Robinson, Bruce A. Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 675 EP - 694 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - MULTRAN KW - site exploration KW - complexing KW - halogens KW - bromide ion KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - transport KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - ion exchange KW - Yucca Mountain KW - mobility KW - Nevada KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - cation exchange capacity KW - clastic sediments KW - lithium KW - crosshole methods KW - injection KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - bromine KW - Nye County Nevada KW - equilibrium KW - aquifers KW - models KW - alluvium aquifers KW - metals KW - residence time KW - cations KW - testing KW - alluvium KW - EQUIL KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51158571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Transport+of+a+reactive+tracer+in+saturated+alluvium+described+using+a+three-component+cation-exchange+model&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+Enid+J%3BReimus%2C+Paul+W%3BCounce%2C+Dale+A&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Enid&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=675&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900182-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alluvium; alluvium aquifers; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bromide ion; bromine; cation exchange capacity; cations; clastic sediments; complexing; concentration; crosshole methods; EQUIL; equilibrium; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; ground water; halogens; injection; ion exchange; lithium; metals; mobility; models; MULTRAN; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pollution; porous materials; radioactive waste; residence time; sediments; simulation; site exploration; testing; tracers; transport; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00182-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coiled tubing deployment makes crosswell seismic surveying successful in horizontal wells AN - 50897618; 2003-045369 JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Li, Guoping AU - Majer, Ernest L Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 454 EP - 458 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - limestone KW - P-waves KW - Mississippian KW - horizontal drilling KW - petroleum engineering KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Weyburn Field KW - directional drilling KW - drilling KW - carbonaceous composition KW - body waves KW - Paleozoic KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - Carboniferous KW - seismic methods KW - Canada KW - coiled tubing KW - Western Canada KW - reservoir properties KW - seismic waves KW - carbonate rocks KW - Saskatchewan KW - S-waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50897618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Coiled+tubing+deployment+makes+crosswell+seismic+surveying+successful+in+horizontal+wells&rft.au=Li%2C+Guoping%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Guoping&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=454&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2002 D&P forum on Improved prediction, productivity, and profitability using geophysical tools N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; Canada; carbon dioxide; carbonaceous composition; carbonate rocks; Carboniferous; coiled tubing; crosshole methods; directional drilling; drilling; elastic waves; geophysical methods; horizontal drilling; limestone; Mississippian; oil and gas fields; P-waves; Paleozoic; petroleum engineering; reservoir properties; S-waves; Saskatchewan; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; seismic waves; Western Canada; Weyburn Field ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elastic wave stimulation of oil reservoirs; promising EOR technology? AN - 50895559; 2003-045368 JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Roberts, Peter M AU - Esipov, Igor B AU - Majer, Ernest L Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 448 EP - 453 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - United States KW - petroleum engineering KW - well stimulation KW - elastic waves KW - fluid dynamics KW - production KW - oil and gas fields KW - cores KW - California KW - laboratory studies KW - Kern County California KW - seismograms KW - experimental studies KW - vibrators KW - Central California KW - geophysical methods KW - enhanced recovery KW - research KW - seismic methods KW - reserves KW - brines KW - reservoir properties KW - instruments KW - acoustical waves KW - Lost Hills Field KW - field studies KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50895559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Elastic+wave+stimulation+of+oil+reservoirs%3B+promising+EOR+technology%3F&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Peter+M%3BEsipov%2C+Igor+B%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=448&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2002 D&P forum on Improved prediction, productivity, and profitability using geophysical tools N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical waves; brines; California; Central California; cores; elastic waves; enhanced recovery; experimental studies; field studies; fluid dynamics; geophysical methods; instruments; Kern County California; laboratory studies; Lost Hills Field; oil and gas fields; petroleum engineering; production; research; reserves; reservoir properties; seismic methods; seismograms; United States; vibrators; well stimulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human epithelial cell immortalization as a step in carcinogenesis AN - 19817803; 5899262 AB - Human epithelial cells encounter two senescence barriers that enforce a limited proliferative potential. A first barrier is mediated by the retinoblastoma protein, and can be overcome by multiple types of errors, many of which are observed in human cancers. A second, extremely stringent telomere- dependent barrier, is a consequence of repression of telomerase activity. Although relieved by ectopic hTERT expression, the nature of the errors required to overcome this latter barrier during in vivo carcinogenesis have not yet been defined. Attainment of immortality and telomerase reactivation are crucial to human carcinoma development; the derangements responsible for attainment of immortality may be rate-limiting and permissive for further progression to malignancy. JF - Cancer Letters AU - Stampfer, M R AU - Yaswen, P AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, 70A1118, Berkeley, CA 94720-8174, USA, mrstampfer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 199 EP - 208 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 194 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Telomerase KW - Telomere KW - p53 KW - Epithelial cell KW - Immortalization KW - Senescence KW - Agonescence KW - Conversion KW - Tumor KW - Cancer KW - Oncogenesis KW - Tumorigenesis KW - Tumor suppressor KW - Epithelial cells KW - Malignancy KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Retinoblastoma protein KW - telomerase reverse transcriptase KW - Carcinoma KW - X 24490:Other UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19817803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Letters&rft.atitle=Human+epithelial+cell+immortalization+as+a+step+in+carcinogenesis&rft.au=Stampfer%2C+M+R%3BYaswen%2C+P&rft.aulast=Stampfer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0304-3835%2802%2900707-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epithelial cells; Malignancy; Carcinogenesis; Retinoblastoma protein; Senescence; telomerase reverse transcriptase; Carcinoma; Immortalization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(02)00707-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Illusion of Improved Physical Fitness and Reduced Mortality AN - 18769661; 5635848 AB - Purpose: To conduct a computer simulation to assess the effects of measurement error on prospective epidemiological studies that attribute mortality outcomes to apparent changes in the independent variable (e.g., physical fitness or activity) at baseline. Methods: As an example, we evaluated the design of the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS). This study compared apparent changes in fitness between two baseline visits to mortality during a subsequent 5-yr follow-up period. Unfit men who were reclassified as fit at the second baseline examination (6.6% of sample) and fit men who were reclassified as unfit (2.3%) had follow-up mortality rates that were between those of men who were consistently classified as fit or unfit. This study design was simulated assuming that differences between baseline treadmill test durations were due to measurement error alone. Based on our own data, we estimated that repeat measurements of treadmill test duration have correlation of r = 0.89 in the absence of any real fitness change. Results: There is excellent agreement between the published ACLS risk reductions and our simulated reductions for both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and total mortality. Compared with the "Unfit arrow right Unfit" (the referent group), the estimated relative risks from the simulations for men who were reclassified as fit (i.e., "Unfit arrow right Fit") were 0.57 for total mortality and 0.52 for CVD mortality, and for men who remained classified as fit ("Fit arrow right Fit"), they were 0.33 for total mortality and 0.20 for CVD mortality. Conclusion: The imprecision of the fitness measurement alone (i.e., measurement error) is sufficient to produce the reported ACLS risk reductions in initially unfit men who get reclassified as fit in a subsequent clinic visit. This statistical artifact will apply to other studies that use this design. JF - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise AU - Williams, P T AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, PTWilliams@LBL.gov Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 736 EP - 740 VL - 35 IS - 5 SN - 0195-9131, 0195-9131 KW - Physical Education Index KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18769661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.atitle=The+Illusion+of+Improved+Physical+Fitness+and+Reduced+Mortality&rft.au=Williams%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=736&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.issn=01959131&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upscaling of constitutive relations in unsaturated heterogeneous tuff matrix AN - 18749728; 5621352 AB - When numerical models are used for modeling large-scale flow and transport processes in the subsurface, upscaling is generally needed to determine large- scale hydraulic properties from small-scale measurements. This study is focused on the upscaling of constitutive relations (among relative permeability, capillary pressure, and saturation) for unsaturated tuff matrix (or a porous medium with a large air entry value). Unsaturated flow in tuff matrix is of interest at a number of existing and proposed waste disposal sites, as well as in connection with environmental contamination in arid and semiarid regions. Based on the notion that a large air entry value corresponds to a spatially uniform capillary pressure distribution, even at a relatively large scale for steady-state unsaturated flow, we present an upscaling approach for constitutive relations of tuff matrix. Numerical experiments were used to verify and demonstrate the usefulness of the approach. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Liu, H H AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd-Mailstop 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, hhliu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/05// PY - 2003 DA - May 2003 SP - 198 EP - 209 VL - 276 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Unsaturated flow KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Vadose zone hydrology KW - Relative permeability KW - Hydraulics KW - Groundwater flow KW - Hydrogeology KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Data Interpretation KW - Heterogeneity KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18749728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Upscaling+of+constitutive+relations+in+unsaturated+heterogeneous+tuff+matrix&rft.au=Liu%2C+H+H%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-05-01&rft.volume=276&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0022-1694%2803%2900071-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Distribution (Mathematical); Hydrogeology; Groundwater flow; Heterogeneity; Mathematical Studies; Unsaturated Flow; Spatial Distribution; Data Interpretation; Groundwater Movement; Hydraulic Properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00071-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of rice hulls for sustainable control of NOx emissions in deep space missions. AN - 71505978; 14672085 AB - The use of the activated carbon produced from rice hulls to control NOx emissions for future deep space missions has been demonstrated. The optimal carbonization temperature range was found to be between 600 and 750 degrees C. A burnoff of 61.8% was found at 700 degrees C in pyrolysis and 750 degrees C in activation. The BET surface area of the activated carbon from rice hulls was determined to be 172 m2/g when prepared at 700 degrees C. The presence of oxygen in flue gas is essential for effective adsorption of NO by activated carbon. On the contrary, water vapor inhibits the adsorption efficiency of NO. Consequently, water vapor in flue gas should be removed by drying agents before adsorption to ensure high NO adsorption efficiency. All of the NO in the flue gas was removed for more than 1.5 h when 10% oxygen was present and the ratio of the carbon weight to the flue gas flow rate (W/F) was 15.4 g min/L. Reduction of the adsorbed NO to form N2 could be effectively accomplished under anaerobic conditions at 550 degrees C. The adsorption capacity of NO on the activated carbon was found to be 5.02 mg of NO/g of carbon. The loss of carbon mass was determined to be about 0.16% of the activated carbon per cycle of regeneration if the regeneration occurred when the NO in the flue gas after the carbon bed reached 4.8 ppm, the space maximum allowable concentration. The reduction of the adsorbed NO also regenerated the activated carbon, and the regenerated activated carbon exhibited an improved NO adsorption efficiency. JF - Industrial & engineering chemistry research AU - Xu, X H AU - Shi, Y AU - Kwak, D AU - Chang, S G AU - Fisher, J W AU - Pisharody, S AU - Moran, M J AU - Wignarajah, K AD - Environmental Energy Technology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2003/04/16/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Apr 16 SP - 1813 EP - 1820 VL - 42 IS - 8 SN - 0888-5885, 0888-5885 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Charcoal KW - 16291-96-6 KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Space life sciences KW - NASA Program Advanced Human Support Technology KW - NASA Center ARC KW - NASA Discipline Life Support Systems KW - Nitrogen -- chemistry KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Incineration KW - Carbon Dioxide -- chemistry KW - Air Pollutants -- standards KW - Temperature KW - Adsorption KW - Oxygen -- chemistry KW - Biomass KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control KW - Air Conditioning -- methods KW - Air Pollutants -- chemistry KW - Space Flight -- instrumentation KW - Charcoal -- chemical synthesis KW - Space Flight -- standards KW - Life Support Systems -- instrumentation KW - Oryza -- chemistry KW - Nitric Oxide -- standards KW - Nitric Oxide -- chemistry KW - Ecological Systems, Closed KW - Charcoal -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71505978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+%26+engineering+chemistry+research&rft.atitle=The+use+of+rice+hulls+for+sustainable+control+of+NOx+emissions+in+deep+space+missions.&rft.au=Xu%2C+X+H%3BShi%2C+Y%3BKwak%2C+D%3BChang%2C+S+G%3BFisher%2C+J+W%3BPisharody%2C+S%3BMoran%2C+M+J%3BWignarajah%2C+K&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2003-04-16&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1813&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industrial+%26+engineering+chemistry+research&rft.issn=08885885&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-16 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relating atomic-scale electronic phenomena to wave-like quasiparticle states in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta. AN - 85267482; pmid-12686994 AB - The electronic structure of simple crystalline solids can be completely described in terms either of local quantum states in real space (r-space), or of wave-like states defined in momentum-space (k-space). However, in the copper oxide superconductors, neither of these descriptions alone may be sufficient. Indeed, comparisons between r-space and k-space studies of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (Bi-2212) reveal numerous unexplained phenomena and apparent contradictions. Here, to explore these issues, we report Fourier transform studies of atomic-scale spatial modulations in the Bi-2212 density of states. When analysed as arising from quasiparticle interference, the modulations yield elements of the Fermi-surface and energy gap in agreement with photoemission experiments. The consistency of numerous sets of dispersing modulations with the quasiparticle interference model shows that no additional order parameter is required. We also explore the momentum-space structure of the unoccupied states that are inaccessible to photoemission, and find strong similarities to the structure of the occupied states. The copper oxide quasiparticles therefore apparently exhibit particle-hole mixing similar to that of conventional superconductors. Near the energy gap maximum, the modulations become intense, commensurate with the crystal, and bounded by nanometre-scale domains. Scattering of the antinodal quasiparticles is therefore strongly influenced by nanometre-scale disorder. JF - Nature AU - McElroy, K AU - Simmonds, R W AU - Hoffman, J E AU - D-H, Lee AU - Orenstein, J AU - Eisaki, H AU - Uchida, S AU - Davis, J C AD - Department of Physics, University of California, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. PY - 2003 SP - 592 EP - 596 VL - 422 IS - 6932 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85267482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Relating+atomic-scale+electronic+phenomena+to+wave-like+quasiparticle+states+in+superconducting+Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8%2Bdelta.&rft.au=McElroy%2C+K%3BSimmonds%2C+R+W%3BHoffman%2C+J+E%3BD-H%2C+Lee%3BOrenstein%2C+J%3BEisaki%2C+H%3BUchida%2C+S%3BDavis%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=McElroy&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=422&rft.issue=6932&rft.spage=592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissociative hydrogen adsorption on palladium requires aggregates of three or more vacancies. AN - 85266231; pmid-12700757 AB - During reaction, a catalyst surface usually interacts with a constantly fluctuating mix of reactants, products, 'spectators' that do not participate in the reaction, and species that either promote or inhibit the activity of the catalyst. How molecules adsorb and dissociate under such dynamic conditions is often poorly understood. For example, the dissociative adsorption of the diatomic molecule H2--a central step in many industrially important catalytic processes--is generally assumed to require at least two adjacent and empty atomic adsorption sites (or vacancies). The creation of active sites for H2 dissociation will thus involve the formation of individual vacancies and their subsequent diffusion and aggregation, with the coupling between these events determining the activity of the catalyst surface. But even though active sites are the central component of most reaction models, the processes controlling their formation, and hence the activity of a catalyst surface, have never been captured experimentally. Here we report scanning tunnelling microscopy observations of the transient formation of active sites for the dissociative adsorption of H2 molecules on a palladium (111) surface. We find, contrary to conventional thinking, that two-vacancy sites seem inactive, and that aggregates of three or more hydrogen vacancies are required for efficient H2 dissociation. JF - Nature AU - Mitsui, T AU - Rose, M K AU - Fomin, E AU - Ogletree, D F AU - Salmeron, M AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. PY - 2003 SP - 705 EP - 707 VL - 422 IS - 6933 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85266231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Dissociative+hydrogen+adsorption+on+palladium+requires+aggregates+of+three+or+more+vacancies.&rft.au=Mitsui%2C+T%3BRose%2C+M+K%3BFomin%2C+E%3BOgletree%2C+D+F%3BSalmeron%2C+M&rft.aulast=Mitsui&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=422&rft.issue=6933&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of discrete flow paths in unsaturated fractures at Yucca Mountain. AN - 73251505; 12714283 AB - We have carried out numerical modeling studies to investigate the development of discrete-fracture flow paths and flow-focusing phenomena in the unsaturated rock of the potential repository horizon at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. These studies are based on two- and three-dimensional (2-D and 3-D) numerical models using site-specific parameters. The 2-D and 3-D models use high-resolution spatial discretization to explicitly include effects of discrete fractures with stochastically developed fracture permeabilities and a continuum approach. The permeability field is generated based on air permeability measurements at various scales. For most of the cases considered, uniform infiltration with different average rates (1-500 mm/year) is prescribed at the top of the model, while variability in outflow at the bottom of the model is used to evaluate the degree of flow focusing. In addition, scenarios involving nonuniform infiltration at the top boundary, different permeability correlation lengths and different flow-allocation schemes were analyzed. The modeling results obtained from all of the cases showed a remarkably similar flow-focusing pattern at the repository horizon. Furthermore, tracer transport simulation results also revealed additional features of focused flow and transport through the fracture network. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Zhang, Keni AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-1116, 1 Cyclotron Road, CA 94720, USA. GSBodvarsson@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 23 EP - 42 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Geological Phenomena KW - Filtration KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Forecasting KW - Nevada KW - Water Movements KW - Geology KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73251505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Development+of+discrete+flow+paths+in+unsaturated+fractures+at+Yucca+Mountain.&rft.au=Bodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BZhang%2C+Keni&rft.aulast=Bodvarsson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inverse and predictive modeling of seepage into underground openings. AN - 73241877; 12714286 AB - We discuss the development and calibration of a model for predicting seepage into underground openings. Seepage is a key factor affecting the performance of the potential nuclear-waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Three-dimensional numerical models were developed to simulate field tests in which water was released from boreholes above excavated niches. Data from air-injection tests were geostatistically analyzed to infer the heterogeneous structure of the fracture permeability field. The heterogeneous continuum model was then calibrated against the measured amount of water that seeped into the opening. This approach resulted in the estimation of model-related, seepage-specific parameters on the scale of interest. The ability of the calibrated model to predict seepage was examined by comparing calculated with measured seepage rates from additional experiments conducted in different portions of the fracture network. We conclude that an effective capillary strength parameter is suitable to characterize seepage-related features and processes for use in a prediction model of average seepage into potential waste-emplacement drifts. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Finsterle, S AU - Ahlers, C F AU - Trautz, R C AU - Cook, P J AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Mail Stop 90-1116, One Cyclotron Road, 94720, USA. SAFinsterle@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 89 EP - 109 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Geological Phenomena KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Calibration KW - Geology KW - Forecasting KW - Nevada KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Movements KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73241877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Inverse+and+predictive+modeling+of+seepage+into+underground+openings.&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+S%3BAhlers%2C+C+F%3BTrautz%2C+R+C%3BCook%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Parallel computing simulation of fluid flow in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. AN - 73229812; 12714301 AB - This paper presents the application of parallel computing techniques to large-scale modeling of fluid flow in the unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. In this study, parallel computing techniques, as implemented into the TOUGH2 code, are applied in large-scale numerical simulations on a distributed-memory parallel computer. The modeling study has been conducted using an over-1-million-cell three-dimensional numerical model, which incorporates a wide variety of field data for the highly heterogeneous fractured formation at Yucca Mountain. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of various surface infiltration scenarios (under current and possible future climates) on flow through the UZ system, using various hydrogeological conceptual models with refined grids. The results indicate that the 1-million-cell models produce better resolution results and reveal some flow patterns that cannot be obtained using coarse-grid modeling models. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720, USA. kzhang@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 381 EP - 399 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Geological Phenomena KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Geology KW - Nevada KW - Water Movements KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73229812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Parallel+computing+simulation+of+fluid+flow+in+the+unsaturated+zone+of+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Keni%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Keni&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of thermal-hydrologic-mechanical behavior near an emplacement drift at Yucca Mountain. AN - 73225034; 12714314 AB - A coupled thermal, hydrologic and mechanical (THM) analysis is conducted to evaluate the impact of coupled THM processes on the performance of a potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The analysis considers changes in rock mass porosity, permeability, and capillary pressure caused by rock deformations during drift excavation, as well as those caused by thermomechanically induced rock deformations after emplacement of the heat-generating waste. The analysis consists of a detailed calibration of coupled hydraulic-mechanical rock mass properties against field experiments, followed by a prediction of the coupled thermal, hydrologic, and mechanical behavior around a potential repository drift. For the particular problem studied and parameters used, the analysis indicates that the stress-induced permeability changes will be within one order of magnitude and that these permeability changes do not significantly impact the overall flow pattern around the repository drift. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, MS 90-1116, CA 94720, USA. jrutqvist@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 637 EP - 652 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Permeability KW - Porosity KW - Mechanics KW - Pressure KW - Nevada KW - Water Movements KW - Temperature KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73225034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+thermal-hydrologic-mechanical+behavior+near+an+emplacement+drift+at+Yucca+Mountain.&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=Jonny&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of heterogeneity in fracture permeability on the potential for liquid seepage into a heated emplacement drift of the potential repository. AN - 73221652; 12714308 AB - A numerical model was used to investigate the effect of spatial variability in fracture permeability on liquid seepage and moisture distribution in the vicinity of a waste emplacement drift in the unsaturated zone (UZ) of Yucca Mountain. The model is based on a two-dimensional, cross-sectional, dual-permeability model of the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain and uses a stochastic approach to investigate the effect of small-scale heterogeneous features. The studies were conducted using one uniform fracture permeability case, three realizations of stochastically generated fracture permeability, one discrete permeability feature case, and one increased ambient liquid flux case. In all cases, the models predict that completely dry drift conditions will develop above and below the drift in 10-100 years and remain dry for 1000-2000 years. During this period, the models predict no seepage into drifts, although liquid flux above the drifts and within the drift pillars may increase by up to two orders of magnitude above ambient flux. This is because the heat released by the emplaced waste is sufficient to vaporize liquid flux of one to two orders of magnitude higher than present-day ambient flux for over 1000 years. The results also show that unsaturated zone thermal-hydrological (TH) models with uniform layer permeability can adequately predict the evolution of seepage and moisture distribution in the rock mass surrounding the repository drifts. The models further show that although variability in fracture permeability may focus and enhance liquid flow in regions of enhanced liquid saturation (due to condensation above the drifts), vaporization and vapor diffusion can maintain a dry environment within the drifts for thousands of years. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Haukwa, C B AU - Tsang, Y W AU - Wu, Y-S AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720, USA. CBHaukwa@yahoo.com PY - 2003 SP - 509 EP - 527 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Permeability KW - Geological Phenomena KW - Temperature KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Geology KW - Water Movements KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73221652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+heterogeneity+in+fracture+permeability+on+the+potential+for+liquid+seepage+into+a+heated+emplacement+drift+of+the+potential+repository.&rft.au=Haukwa%2C+C+B%3BTsang%2C+Y+W%3BWu%2C+Y-S%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Haukwa&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow and transport in the drift shadow in a dual-continuum model. AN - 73217896; 12714288 AB - The current concept for high-level radioactive waste disposal at Yucca Mountain is for the waste to be placed in underground tunnels (or drifts) in the middle of a thick unsaturated zone. Flow modeling and field testing have shown that not all flow encountering a drift will seep into the drift. The underlying reason for the diversion of unsaturated flow around a drift is that capillary forces in the fractures and matrix prevent water entry into the drift unless the capillary pressure in the rock decreases sufficiently to allow for gravity forces to overcome the capillary barrier. As a result of the capillary barrier effect, flow tends to be diverted around the drift, affecting the flow pattern beneath the drift. For some distance beneath the drift, water saturation and flux are reduced. This drift shadow zone is much more pronounced in the fractures than in the matrix due to dominance of gravity over capillary forces in the fractures. Moving downward, away from the drift, the shadow zone asymptotically re-equilibrates to the undisturbed flow conditions due to capillary forces. The behavior of radionuclide transport in this zone of reduced flow is investigated here because this will affect the amount of time required for radionuclides to penetrate the unsaturated zone. The delay of radionuclide movement in the geosphere is one aspect of the potential repository system that could limit public exposure to radioactive waste. The behavior of flow and transport is calculated using a two-dimensional, drift-scale dual-permeability model extending to nine drift diameters below the potential waste emplacement drift. The flow model is first compared with an analytical model for a single continuum. Then, the dual-continuum flow model is investigated with respect to drift-scale and mountain-scale property sets. Transport calculations are performed for a wide range of flow conditions and for different aqueous radionuclides and colloids. Findings indicate that transport times for dissolved or colloidal material released from a drift without seepage are several orders of magnitude longer than if the releases occurred in the undisturbed flow field. Furthermore, the calculations indicate that the transport rate for radionuclides released in the drift shadow is relatively insensitive to flow rates in the fractures, but is sensitive to the flow rate in the matrix. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Houseworth, J E AU - Finsterle, S AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, CA 94720, USA. jehouseworth@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 133 EP - 156 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Colloids KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Radioisotopes KW - Index Medicus KW - Geological Phenomena KW - Forecasting KW - Water Movements KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Geology KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73217896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Flow+and+transport+in+the+drift+shadow+in+a+dual-continuum+model.&rft.au=Houseworth%2C+J+E%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Houseworth&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of percolation flux from borehole temperature data at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. AN - 73217848; 12714282 AB - Temperature data from the unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain are analyzed to estimate percolation-flux rates and overall heat flux. A multilayer, one-dimensional analytical solution is presented for determining percolation flux from temperature data. Case studies have shown that the analytical solution agrees very well with results from the numerical code, TOUGH2. The results of the analysis yield percolation fluxes in the range from 0 to 20 mm/year for most of the deep boreholes. This range is in good agreement with the results of infiltration studies at Yucca Mountain. Percolation flux for the shallower boreholes, however, cannot be accurately determined from temperature data alone because large gas flow in the shallow system alters the temperature profiles. Percolation-flux estimates for boreholes located near or intersecting major faults are significantly higher than those for other boreholes. These estimates may be affected by gas flow in the faults. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Kwicklis, E AU - Shan, C AU - Wu, Y S AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. gsbodvarsson@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 3 EP - 22 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Gases KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Geological Phenomena KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Geology KW - Forecasting KW - Nevada KW - Water Movements KW - Temperature KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73217848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+percolation+flux+from+borehole+temperature+data+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada.&rft.au=Bodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BKwicklis%2C+E%3BShan%2C+C%3BWu%2C+Y+S&rft.aulast=Bodvarsson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling thermal-hydrological response of the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, to thermal load at a potential repository. AN - 73214165; 12714309 AB - This paper presents a numerical study on the response of the unsaturated zone (UZ) system of Yucca Mountain to heat generated from decaying radioactive wastes emplaced at the proposed repository. The modeling study is based on the current thermal-hydrological (TH) mountain-scale model, which uses a locally refined 2D north-south cross-section and dual-permeability numerical approach. The model provides a prediction of the mountain-scale TH response under the thermal-load scenario of 1.45 kW/m, while accounting for future climatic changes and the effects of drift ventilation. The TH simulation results show that ventilation of the repository drifts has a large impact on thermal-hydrologic regimes and moisture-flow conditions at the repository. In both cases, with and without ventilation, the TH model predicts dry or reduced liquid saturation near the drifts for over 1000 years, during which liquid flux through the drifts is reduced to either zero or less than the ambient flux. Without ventilation, the model predicts higher temperatures at the repository, but no major moisture redistribution in the UZ except in the areas very near the heated drifts. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Haukwa, C B AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720, USA. CBHaukwa@yahoo.com PY - 2003 SP - 529 EP - 552 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Temperature KW - Forecasting KW - Air Movements KW - Nevada KW - Water Movements KW - Refuse Disposal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73214165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Modeling+thermal-hydrological+response+of+the+unsaturated+zone+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada%2C+to+thermal+load+at+a+potential+repository.&rft.au=Haukwa%2C+C+B%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Haukwa&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and numerical simulation of dissolution and precipitation: implications for fracture sealing at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. AN - 73214117; 12714305 AB - Plugging of flow paths caused by mineral precipitation in fractures above the potential repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada could reduce the probability of water seeping into the repository. As part of an ongoing effort to evaluate thermal-hydrological-chemical (THC) effects on flow in fractured media, we performed a laboratory experiment and numerical simulations to investigate mineral dissolution and precipitation under anticipated temperature and pressure conditions in the repository. To replicate mineral dissolution by vapor condensate in fractured tuff, water was flowed through crushed Yucca Mountain tuff at 94 degrees C. The resulting steady-state fluid composition had a total dissolved solids content of about 140 mg/l; silica was the dominant dissolved constituent. A portion of the steady-state mineralized water was flowed into a vertically oriented planar fracture in a block of welded Topopah Spring Tuff that was maintained at 80 degrees C at the top and 130 degrees C at the bottom. The fracture began to seal with amorphous silica within 5 days.A 1-D plug-flow numerical model was used to simulate mineral dissolution, and a similar model was developed to simulate the flow of mineralized water through a planar fracture, where boiling conditions led to mineral precipitation. Predicted concentrations of the major dissolved constituents for the tuff dissolution were within a factor of 2 of the measured average steady-state compositions. The mineral precipitation simulations predicted the precipitation of amorphous silica at the base of the boiling front, leading to a greater than 50-fold decrease in fracture permeability in 5 days, consistent with the laboratory experiment.These results help validate the use of a numerical model to simulate THC processes at Yucca Mountain. The experiment and simulations indicated that boiling and concomitant precipitation of amorphous silica could cause significant reductions in fracture porosity and permeability on a local scale. However, differences in fluid flow rates and thermal gradients between the experimental setup and anticipated conditions at Yucca Mountain need to be factored into scaling the results of the dissolution/precipitation experiments and associated simulations to THC models for the potential Yucca Mountain repository. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Apps, John A AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, 94720, USA. pfdobson@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 459 EP - 476 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Minerals KW - 0 KW - Radioactive Waste KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Geological Phenomena KW - Solubility KW - Minerals -- chemistry KW - Chemical Precipitation KW - Refuse Disposal KW - Forecasting KW - Silicon Dioxide -- chemistry KW - Nevada KW - Water Movements KW - Geology KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73214117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+numerical+simulation+of+dissolution+and+precipitation%3A+implications+for+fracture+sealing+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada.&rft.au=Dobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BApps%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of radioisotope dating of carlin-type deposits in the Great Basin, western North America, and implications for deposit genesis AN - 51970144; 2003-047630 AB - A variety of techniques have been used in attempts to date the mineralization in Carlin-type deposits in the Great Basin, with highly variable results. These techniques and results are reviewed in this paper, along with presentation of two new dates, for the Rodeo deposit on the Carlin trend and for the Barneys Canyon deposit in Utah. Complete resetting of sericite by hydrothermal fluids of the temperature and duration of hydrothermal activity that form Carlin-type deposits is considered highly unlikely. Therefore, dates from sericite are generally of questionable value unless that sericite can be shown to have formed during the same hydrothermal event during which Au was deposited. For the deposits that have been investigated to date, sericite dates rarely, if ever, record the age of Au mineralization. However, sericite ages do appear to record pre-Au events in some districts. Such events may have contributed to ground preparation and, to a much lesser extent, to the tenor of the ore. Fission-track and U/Th-He techniques provide important age constraints on mineralization in some districts but also suffer from a less than clear association with Au. Rb-Sr dating of galkhaite, an Hg sulfosalt, provides the only direct age of mineralization, but galkhaite has been recognized in only a few locations (and dated in only two deposits). In a similar manner, adularia is contemporaneous with Au at Twin Creeks, but Twin Creeks is the only Carlin-type deposit where adularia has been reported. Several other techniques (U-Pb, Re-Os, Sm-Nd) have been used in attempts to date the deposits but with limited success. The best available ages are those from preore and postore igneous events and those from galkhaite. Galkhaite from Getchell indicates a mineralization age of approximately 39 Ma and that from Rodeo (Carlin trend) indicates a mineralization age of 40 Ma. A new U/Th-He age (34 Ma) for apatite at Barneys Canyon suggests contemporaneity with the nearby Bingham porphyry Cu system. The most reliable data from several deposits and districts in the Great Basin indicate that Carlin-type mineralization occurred in a relatively narrow time interval, between 33 and 42 Ma. This interval coincides with the transition from a compressional to an extensional tectonic environment in the region. Although similar tectonic environments have existed at different times and places in western North America, no other Carlin-type mineralization is known to exist in the region. Therefore, although the age and tectonic environment of these deposits is now reasonably well constrained, it is clear that tectonic environment alone is insufficient to explain the genesis of Carlin-type deposits. Additional, perhaps unique, factors such as host rock geochemistry must have contributed to the development of these exceptional deposits. JF - Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists AU - Arehart, G B AU - McInnes, B A AU - Donelick, R A A2 - John, David A. A2 - Hofstra, Albert H. A2 - Theodore, Ted G. Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 235 EP - 248 PB - Economic Geology Publishing Company, Lancaster, PA VL - 98 IS - 2 SN - 0361-0128, 0361-0128 KW - silicates KW - U/Pb KW - Basin and Range Province KW - Oquirrh Mountains KW - paleoclimatology KW - Humboldt County Nevada KW - Th/U KW - Rb/Sr KW - adularia KW - geochronology KW - alkali feldspar KW - mica group KW - absolute age KW - gold ores KW - copper ores KW - framework silicates KW - North America KW - mines KW - Rodeo Deposit KW - Eocene KW - Paleogene KW - Getchell Mine KW - paragenesis KW - Tertiary KW - K/Ar KW - Sm/Nd KW - metal ores KW - Twin Creeks Deposit KW - feldspar group KW - United States KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - ore-forming fluids KW - metasomatism KW - Cenozoic KW - Jerritt Canyon mining district KW - dates KW - fission tracks KW - mineralization KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - zoning KW - Nevada KW - galkhaite KW - carlin-type deposits KW - Great Basin KW - Re/Os KW - western North America KW - Barneys Canyon Deposit KW - Bingham Deposit KW - sheet silicates KW - Utah KW - sericite KW - Oligocene KW - 03:Geochronology KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51970144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Economic+Geology+and+the+Bulletin+of+the+Society+of+Economic+Geologists&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+radioisotope+dating+of+carlin-type+deposits+in+the+Great+Basin%2C+western+North+America%2C+and+implications+for+deposit+genesis&rft.au=Arehart%2C+G+B%3BMcInnes%2C+B+A%3BDonelick%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Arehart&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Economic+Geology+and+the+Bulletin+of+the+Society+of+Economic+Geologists&rft.issn=03610128&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.segweb.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 104 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ECGLAL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; adularia; alkali feldspar; Barneys Canyon Deposit; Basin and Range Province; Bingham Deposit; carlin-type deposits; Cenozoic; copper ores; dates; Eocene; feldspar group; fission tracks; framework silicates; galkhaite; geochronology; Getchell Mine; gold ores; Great Basin; Humboldt County Nevada; hydrothermal alteration; Jerritt Canyon mining district; K/Ar; metal ores; metasomatism; mica group; mineral deposits, genesis; mineralization; mines; Nevada; North America; Oligocene; Oquirrh Mountains; ore-forming fluids; paleoclimatology; Paleogene; paragenesis; Rb/Sr; Re/Os; Rodeo Deposit; sericite; sheet silicates; silicates; Sm/Nd; Tertiary; Th/U; Twin Creeks Deposit; U/Pb; United States; Utah; western North America; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Latin America geothermal 2002 AN - 51951653; 2003-062727 JF - Bulletin - Geothermal Resources Council AU - Lippmann, Marcelo J Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 65 EP - 66 PB - Geothermal Resources Council, Davis, CA VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0160-7782, 0160-7782 KW - geothermal energy KW - utilization KW - Mexico KW - El Salvador KW - Costa Rica KW - Latin America KW - Guatemala KW - power plants KW - Nicaragua KW - production KW - Central America KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51951653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.atitle=Latin+America+geothermal+2002&rft.au=Lippmann%2C+Marcelo+J&rft.aulast=Lippmann&rft.aufirst=Marcelo&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.issn=01607782&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://geothermal.org/bulletin.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - BGRCDD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central America; Costa Rica; El Salvador; geothermal energy; Guatemala; Latin America; Mexico; Nicaragua; power plants; production; utilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Special relative permeability functions with analytical solutions for transient flow into unsaturated rock matrix AN - 51941501; 2003-066659 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Pan, Lehua Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 9 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - petroleum engineering KW - hydraulics KW - capillary pressure KW - moisture KW - unsteady flow KW - unsaturated zone KW - capillarity KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - saturation KW - Richards equation KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51941501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Special+relative+permeability+functions+with+analytical+solutions+for+transient+flow+into+unsaturated+rock+matrix&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BPan%2C+Lehua&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002WR001495 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillarity; capillary pressure; fluid dynamics; fractures; ground water; hydraulics; moisture; permeability; petroleum engineering; porosity; Richards equation; saturation; soils; solute transport; unsaturated zone; unsteady flow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001495 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging velocity and Q using frequency-domain viscoacoustic waveform inversion of crosshole data AN - 51930248; 2003-072691 AB - The quest to extract rock properties from seismic data has resulted in a growing interest in waveform inversion. This study investigates the performance of a frequency-domain viscoacoustic waveform inversion using synthetic and laboratory data. An efficient frequency-domain implementation is applied. It consists of performing a series of single frequency inversions sweeping from low to high frequencies. In the viscoacoustic waveform inversion and modeling, the intrinsic attenuation is incorporated using a complex velocity. Since the simultaneous determination for both the real and the imaginary part of the complex velocity is usually unstable and yields poor images, a cascaded inversion was adopted in which the velocity image is first obtained using phase information, then the quality factor (Q) image is obtained using amplitude information. This method is applied to laboratory data observed in a water tank with suspended acrylic bars. Broad-band data of 10-200 KHz is obtained for a crosshole configuration with a two-axes computer-controlled scanning system and a piezofilm source and detector. The velocity image produced by the waveform inversion is compared to the velocity image of traveltime tomography and was proved to possess higher resolution and more precise locations of the acrylic bars. The Q image shows lower resolution compared to the velocity image, but recovers the correct Q for the acrylic bars. JF - Butsuri-Tansa = Geophysical Exploration AU - Watanabe, Toshiki AU - Nihei, Kurt T AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Myer, Larry R Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 97 EP - 105 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists of Japan, Tokyo VL - 56 IS - 2 SN - 0912-7984, 0912-7984 KW - viscous materials KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - inverse problem KW - waveforms KW - frequency domain analysis KW - seismic methods KW - boreholes KW - Q KW - velocity KW - image analysis KW - acoustical waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51930248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Butsuri-Tansa+%3D+Geophysical+Exploration&rft.atitle=Imaging+velocity+and+Q+using+frequency-domain+viscoacoustic+waveform+inversion+of+crosshole+data&rft.au=Watanabe%2C+Toshiki%3BNihei%2C+Kurt+T%3BNakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BMyer%2C+Larry+R&rft.aulast=Watanabe&rft.aufirst=Toshiki&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Butsuri-Tansa+%3D+Geophysical+Exploration&rft.issn=09127984&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Japanese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical waves; boreholes; data processing; frequency domain analysis; geophysical methods; image analysis; inverse problem; Q; seismic methods; velocity; viscous materials; waveforms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary characterization of a NAPL-contaminated site using borehole geophysical techniques AN - 50885452; 2005-046594 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B AU - Geller, Jil T AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Peterson, John E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Harris, Jerry M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 202 EP - 220 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2003 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Pinellas County Florida KW - pollutants KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - characterization KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - Florida KW - seismic methods KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - case studies KW - detection KW - boreholes KW - soil pollution KW - military facilities KW - water pollution KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50885452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Preliminary+characterization+of+a+NAPL-contaminated+site+using+borehole+geophysical+techniques&rft.au=Ajo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B%3BGeller%2C+Jil+T%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BPeterson%2C+John+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BHarris%2C+Jerry+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ajo-Franklin&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; case studies; characterization; detection; Florida; geophysical methods; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; military facilities; nonaqueous phase liquids; Pinellas County Florida; pollutants; pollution; radar methods; seismic methods; soil pollution; soils; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of immiscible liquid contaminants on P-wave transmission through natural aquifer samples AN - 50870195; 2005-046661 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Geller, Jil T AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 1059 EP - 1077 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2003 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - elastic waves KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - body waves KW - Pinellas County Florida KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - seismic methods KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - case studies KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - immiscibility KW - volatile organic compounds KW - surveys KW - trichloroethylene KW - seismic waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50870195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Effect+of+immiscible+liquid+contaminants+on+P-wave+transmission+through+natural+aquifer+samples&rft.au=Geller%2C+Jil+T%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Geller&rft.aufirst=Jil&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1059&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; body waves; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; elastic waves; environmental analysis; Florida; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; immiscibility; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; P-waves; Pinellas County Florida; pollutants; pollution; seismic methods; seismic waves; surveys; trichloroethylene; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A high frequency electromagnetic impedance imaging system AN - 50870115; 2005-046622 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Tseng, Hung-Wen AU - Lee, Ki Ha AU - Becker, Alex AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - April 2003 SP - 534 EP - 540 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2003 KW - imagery KW - electrical properties KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - mathematical models KW - mapping KW - dielectric properties KW - identification KW - mathematical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - applications KW - instruments KW - buried features KW - impedance KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50870115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=A+high+frequency+electromagnetic+impedance+imaging+system&rft.au=Tseng%2C+Hung-Wen%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha%3BBecker%2C+Alex%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tseng&rft.aufirst=Hung-Wen&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=534&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; buried features; dielectric properties; electrical methods; electrical properties; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; identification; imagery; impedance; instruments; mapping; mathematical methods; mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seepage into drifts with mechanical degradation AN - 27977581; 200310-32-1238 (CE); 05606575 (EN) AB - Seepage into drifts in unsaturated tuff is an important issue for the long- term performance of the proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Drifts in which waste packages will be emplaced are subject to degradation in the form of rockfall from the drift ceiling, induced by stress- relief, seismic, or thermal effects. The objective of this study is to calculate seepage rates, for various drift-degradation scenarios and for different values of percolation flux, in the Topopah Spring middle nonlithophysal (Tptpmn) and the Topopah Spring lower lithophysal (Tptpll) units at Yucca Mountain. Seepage calculations are conducted by (1) defining a heterogeneous drift-scale permeability model with field data, (2) selecting calibrated parameters associated with the Tptpmn and Tptpll units, and (3) simulating seepage, based on detailed degraded-drift profiles obtained from a separate rock mechanics engineering analysis. The simulation results indicate (1) that the seepage threshold (i.e. the percolation flux at which seepage first occurs) is not significantly changed by drift degradation and (2) the degradation-induced increase in seepage above the threshold is influenced probably more by the shape of the cavity created by rockfall than by rockfall volume. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Li, G. AU - Tsang, C.-F. AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA gmli@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 157 EP - 172 PB - Elsevier Science BV, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands, [mailto:w.tukker@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com] VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Repositories KW - Radioactive waste KW - Storage facilities KW - Seepage KW - Drift KW - Degradation KW - Mountains KW - Mathematical models KW - Computer simulation KW - Seismic engineering KW - Seismic phenomena KW - Hydrology KW - Permeability KW - Rock mechanics KW - Contaminants KW - Article KW - EE 60:Waste Management (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27977581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Seepage+into+drifts+with+mechanical+degradation&rft.au=Li%2C+G.%3BTsang%2C+C.-F.&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900171-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00171-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fault-matrix interactions in nonwelded tuff of the Paintbrush Group at Yucca Mountain AN - 27880672; 200310-32-1235 (CE); 05606581 (EN) AB - To investigate the potential for fast flow through altered tuff of the nonwelded unit of the Paintbrush Group (PTn) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, we carried out in situ field experiments using water released directly into the matrix and along a minor subvertical normal fault at Alcove 4 in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF). During the experiments, changes in moisture content were monitored within the test bed, and a slot excavated below the test bed was visually inspected for seepage. Our field tests suggest that the dry porous PTn matrix is capable of attenuating episodic percolation fluxes in localized areas (such as around faults) where fast flow would be expected to dominate. Once wetted, the matrix is able to retain the moisture over a period of months. As saturation increases in the matrix, less water imbibes along the fault and more water travels farther along the fault. From this observation, we infer that a sequence of infiltration events separated by periods of up to a few months could convey water over increasing distances along the fault. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Salve, R AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Wang, J.S.Y. AD - Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 14-116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA r_salve@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 269 EP - 286 PB - Elsevier Science BV, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands, [mailto:w.tukker@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com] VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Mountains KW - Radioactive waste KW - Repositories KW - Storage facilities KW - Moisture content KW - Excavation KW - Infiltration KW - Hydrology KW - Seepage KW - Water KW - Article KW - EE 60:Waste Management (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27880672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Fault-matrix+interactions+in+nonwelded+tuff+of+the+Paintbrush+Group+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Salve%2C+R%3BOldenburg%2C+C+M%3BWang%2C+J.S.Y.&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900165-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00165-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluid flow and reactive transport around potential nuclear waste emplacement tunnels at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 27878530; 200310-32-1234 (CE); 05606601 (EN) AB - The evolution of fluid chemistry and mineral alteration around a potential waste emplacement tunnel (drift) is evaluated using numerical modeling. The model considers the flow of water, gas, and heat, plus reactions between minerals, CO sub(2) gas, and aqueous species, and porosity-permeability-capillary pressure coupling for a dual permeability (fractures and matrix) medium. Two possible operating temperature modes are investigated: a 'high-temperature' case with temperatures exceeding the boiling point of water for several hundred years, and a 'low-temperature' case with temperatures remaining below boiling for the entire life of the repository. In both cases, possible seepage waters are characterized by dilute to moderate salinities and mildly alkaline pH values. These trends in fluid composition and mineral alteration are controlled by various coupled mechanisms. For example, upon heating and boiling, CO sub(2) exsolution from pore waters raises pH and causes calcite precipitation. In condensation zones, this CO sub(2) redissolves, resulting in a decrease in pH that causes calcite dissolution and enhances feldspar alteration to clays. Heat also enhances dissolution of wall rock minerals leading to elevated silica concentrations. Amorphous silica precipitates through evaporative concentration caused by boiling in the high-temperature case, but does not precipitate in the low-temperature case. Some alteration of feldspars to clays and zeolites is predicted in the high-temperature case. In both cases, calcite precipitates when percolating waters are heated near the drift. The predicted porosity decrease around drifts in the high-temperature case (several percent of the fracture volume) is larger by at least one order of magnitude than in the low temperature case. Although there are important differences between the two investigated temperature modes in the predicted evolution of fluid compositions and mineral alteration around drifts, these differences are largely within to the model uncertainty and the variability of water compositions at Yucca Mountain. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Spycher, N F AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Apps, J A AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, University of California, MS 90-1116, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA PY - 2003 SP - 653 EP - 673 PB - Elsevier Science BV, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, Netherlands, [mailto:w.tukker@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.com] VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Radioactive waste KW - Repositories KW - Storage facilities KW - Mathematical models KW - Fluid flow KW - Precipitates KW - Mountains KW - Porosity KW - Silicon dioxide KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Clay minerals KW - Feldspars KW - Tunnels (transportation) KW - Hydrology KW - Article KW - EE 60:Waste Management (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27878530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Fluid+flow+and+reactive+transport+around+potential+nuclear+waste+emplacement+tunnels+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Spycher%2C+N+F%3BSonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BApps%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Spycher&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900183-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00183-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Penetration of liquid fingers into superheated fractured rock AN - 18904598; 5619692 AB - Water infiltrating down a fracture in unsaturated rock experiences complex fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena when entering above-boiling rock temperature regions. Such conditions are expected, for example, after emplacement of heat-generating nuclear waste in underground repositories. A new efficient semianalytical method is proposed in this paper that simulates the flow processes of infiltration events subject to vigorous boiling from the adjacent hot rock. It is assumed that liquid flow forms in localized preferential flow paths and that infiltration events are typically short in duration but large in magnitude relative to the average net infiltration. The new solution scheme is applied to several test cases studying sensitivity to a variety of input parameters. Sample simulations are performed for conditions representative of the potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. A characteristic parameter is introduced that provides a quick estimate of the relative significance of boiling at a given location of interest. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Birkholzer, J AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Citation No. 1102 KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18904598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Penetration+of+liquid+fingers+into+superheated+fractured+rock&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+J&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002WR001464 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001464 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of Prompt DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Mammalian Cells without Including Heat-Labile Sites: Results for Cells Deficient in Nonhomologous End Joining AN - 18801506; 5656143 AB - Ionizing radiation induces prompt single-strand breaks and double-strand breaks in DNA. In addition, labile sites are induced that can be converted to breaks by heat or mild alkali. When such labile lesions are present within multiply damaged sites, additional double-strand breaks can form. Current protocols for measurement of DNA double-strand breaks involve a lysis step at an elevated temperature, and consequently breaks from heat-labile sites will be generated during lysis and will be included in the measurement. However, such sites may not develop into breaks within the cell and therefore may not need DNA double-strand break repair processes for elimination. We present here a new lysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocol that is carried out entirely at 0-4 degree C and thus avoids inclusion of heat-labile sites in the measurement. The new recommended lysis procedure involves two steps: The first step includes proteinase K, which has sufficient activity at 0 degree C to support lysis, and the second step includes a high-salt buffer to further free the DNA from proteins and other cellular structures. Using various tests, we conclude that lysis is sufficient with this procedure to allow accurate determination of double-strand breaks by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Using the new protocol, it was found that heat-labile sites account for 30% of the initial number of double-strand breaks measured by conventional protocols after exposure to low-LET radiation. In addition, we show that heat-labile sites that can be converted to double-strand breaks are repaired with fast kinetics and are almost completely eliminated after 1 h at 37 degree C. A study of cells deficient in nonhomologous end joining reveals that the residual fast repair response typically seen in such cells is solely due to repair at heat-labile sites and is not due to repair of prompt DSBs. JF - Radiation Research AU - Stenerloew, B AU - Karlsson, KH AU - Cooper, B AU - Rydberg, B AD - Division of Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden, berydberg@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 502 EP - 510 PB - The Radiation Research Society VL - 159 IS - 4 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - heat labile sites KW - measurement KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18801506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+Prompt+DNA+Double-Strand+Breaks+in+Mammalian+Cells+without+Including+Heat-Labile+Sites%3A+Results+for+Cells+Deficient+in+Nonhomologous+End+Joining&rft.au=Stenerloew%2C+B%3BKarlsson%2C+KH%3BCooper%2C+B%3BRydberg%2C+B&rft.aulast=Stenerloew&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=502&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0033-7587%282003%29159%280502%3AMOPDDS%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0033-7587(2003)159(0502:MOPDDS)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Motifs, modules and games in bacteria AN - 18766470; 5640432 AB - Global explorations of regulatory network dynamics, organization and evolution have become tractable thanks to high-throughput sequencing and molecular measurement of bacterial physiology. From these, a nascent conceptual framework is developing, that views the principles of regulation in term of motifs, modules and games. Motifs are small, repeated, and conserved biological units ranging from molecular domains to small reaction networks. They are arranged into functional modules, genetically dissectible cellular functions such as the cell cycle, or different stress responses. The dynamical functioning of modules defines the organism's strategy to survive in a game, pitting cell against cell, and cell against environment. Placing pathway structure and dynamics into an evolutionary context begins to allow discrimination between those physical and molecular features that particularize a species to its surroundings, and those that provide core physiological function. This approach promises to generate a higher level understanding of cellular design, pathway evolution and cellular bioengineering. JF - Current Opinion in Microbiology AU - Wolf, D M AU - Arkin AD - Departments of Bioengineering and Chemistry, University of California, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 3-144, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, aparkin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 125 EP - 134 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1369-5274, 1369-5274 KW - nucleotide sequence KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18766470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Motifs%2C+modules+and+games+in+bacteria&rft.au=Wolf%2C+D+M%3BArkin&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Microbiology&rft.issn=13695274&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1369-5274%2803%2900033-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1369-5274(03)00033-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of flow behavior in fractured lithophysal reservoirs AN - 18729380; 5606577 AB - This study develops a mathematical model for the analysis of pressure behavior in fractured lithophysal reservoirs. The lithophysal rock is described as a tri-continuum medium, consisting of fractures, rock matrices, and cavities. In the conceptual model, fractures have homogeneous properties throughout and interact with rock matrices and cavities that have different permeabilities and porosities. Global flow occurs through the fracture network only, while rock matrices and cavities contain the majority of fluid storage and provide fluid drainage to the fractures. Interporosity flows between the triple media are described using a pseudosteady-state concept and the system is characterized by interporosity transmissivity ratios and storativity ratio of each continuum. Pressure behavior is analyzed by examining the pressure drawdown curves, the derivative plots, and the effects of the characteristic parameters. Typical pressure responses from fractures, matrices, and cavities are represented by three semilog straight lines; the transitions by two troughs below the stabilization lines in the derivative plots. The analytical solution to the proposed model is further verified using a numerical simulation. The analytical model has also been applied to a published field-buildup well test and is able to match the pressure buildup data. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Liu, J AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Wu, Y-S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, GSBodvarsson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 189 EP - 211 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Naturally fractured reservoirs KW - Dual-porosity model KW - Triple-porosity model KW - Warren-Root solution KW - Well testing analysis KW - Dual-continuum medium KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Hydraulics KW - Mathematical Models KW - Pressure Distribution KW - Conductance KW - Groundwater flow KW - Porosity KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Permeability Coefficient KW - Model Studies KW - Rock Properties KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18729380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+flow+behavior+in+fractured+lithophysal+reservoirs&rft.au=Liu%2C+J%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BWu%2C+Y-S&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900169-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Conductance; Porosity; Groundwater flow; Modelling (-general-); Rock Properties; Geologic Fractures; Pressure Distribution; Mathematical Models; Permeability Coefficient; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies; Hydraulic Properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00169-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conceptual evaluation of the potential role of fractures in unsaturated processes at Yucca Mountain AN - 18728916; 5606573 AB - A wide array of field observations, in situ testing, and rock and water sampling (and subsequent analyses) within the unsaturated zone (UZ) of Yucca Mountain demonstrate the importance of fractures to flow and transport in the welded tuffs. The abundance of fractures and the spatial variability in their hydraulic properties, along with the heterogeneity within lithologic formations, make evaluation of unsaturated processes occurring within the potential repository horizon complex. Fracture mapping and field testing show that fractures are well connected, yet considerable variation is seen within and between units comprising the potential repository horizon with regard to fracture trace length, spacing, permeability, and capillarity. These variations have important implications for the distribution and movement of water and solutes through the unsaturated zone. Numerical models designed to assess such phenomena as unsaturated flow, transport, and coupled thermal-hydrological processes each require their own conceptual model for fracture networks, in order to identify the subset of all fractures that is relevant to the particular study. We evaluate several process-dependent conceptual models for fractures and identify the relevant fracture subsets related to these processes. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Hinds, J J AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Nieder-Westermann, G H AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94702, USA, gsbodvarsson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 111 EP - 132 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Fracture characteristics KW - Conceptual model KW - Repository KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Hydraulics KW - Variability KW - Groundwater flow KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Field Tests KW - Data collections KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Model Studies KW - Solutes KW - Numerical models KW - Groundwater flow models KW - Solute Transport KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Fracturing KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Hydraulic research KW - Field studies KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - Data Collections KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18728916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Conceptual+evaluation+of+the+potential+role+of+fractures+in+unsaturated+processes+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Hinds%2C+J+J%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BNieder-Westermann%2C+G+H&rft.aulast=Hinds&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900173-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical models; Groundwater flow models; Groundwater flow; Hydraulic research; Hydraulics; Solutes; Fracturing; Distribution (Mathematical); Field studies; Modelling (-general-); Data collections; Geologic Fractures; Variability; Unsaturated Flow; Solute Transport; Field Tests; Spatial Distribution; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies; Data Collections; Hydraulic Properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00173-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the physics of unstable infiltration, seepage, and gravity drainage in partially saturated tuffs AN - 18728332; 5606571 AB - To improve understanding of the physics of dynamic instabilities in unsaturated flow processes within the Paintbrush nonwelded unit (PTn) and the middle nonlithophysal portion of the Topopah Spring welded tuff unit (TSw) of Yucca Mountain, we analyzed data from a series of infiltration tests carried out at two sites (Alcove 4 and Alcove 6) in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF), using analytical and empirical functions. The analysis of infiltration rates measured at both sites showed three temporal scales of infiltration rate: (1) a macro-scale trend of overall decreasing flow, (2) a meso-scale trend of fast and slow motion exhibiting three-stage variations of the flow rate (decreasing, increasing, and [again] decreasing flow rate, as observed in soils in the presence of entrapped air), and (3) micro-scale (high frequency) fluctuations. Infiltration tests in the nonwelded unit at Alcove 4 indicate that this unit may effectively dampen episodic fast infiltration events; however, well-known Kostyakov, Horton, and Philip equations do not satisfactorily describe the observed trends of the infiltration rate. Instead, a Weibull distribution model can most accurately describe experimentally determined time trends of the infiltration rate. Infiltration tests in highly permeable, fractured, welded tuff at Alcove 6 indicate that the infiltration rate exhibits pulsation, which may have been caused by multiple threshold effects and water- air redistribution between fractures and matrix. The empirical relationships between the extrinsic seepage from fractures, matrix imbibition, and gravity drainage versus the infiltration rate, as well as scaling and self-similarity for the leading edge of the water front are the hallmark of the nonlinear dynamic processes in water flow under episodic infiltration through fractured tuff. Based on the analysis of experimental data, we propose a conceptual model of a dynamic fracture flow and fracture-matrix interaction in fractured tuff, incorporating the time-dependent processes of water redistribution in the fracture-matrix system. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Faybishenko, B AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Salve, R AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, BAFaybishenko@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 63 EP - 87 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fractured rock KW - Infiltration KW - Seepage KW - Gravity drainage KW - Infiltration equation KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Groundwater flow KW - Infiltration Rate KW - Field Tests KW - Data collections KW - Model Studies KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Gravity Flow KW - Gravity flow KW - Field studies KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Data Collections KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18728332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=On+the+physics+of+unstable+infiltration%2C+seepage%2C+and+gravity+drainage+in+partially+saturated+tuffs&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+B%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BSalve%2C+R&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900175-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydrodynamics; Groundwater flow; Gravity flow; Infiltration; Field studies; Data collections; Seepage; Geologic Fractures; Gravity Flow; Unsaturated Flow; Infiltration Rate; Field Tests; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies; Data Collections DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00175-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainties in coupled thermal-hydrological processes associated with the Drift Scale Test at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 18721624; 5606598 AB - Understanding thermally driven coupled hydrological, mechanical, and chemical processes in unsaturated fractured tuff is essential for evaluating the performance of the potential radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The Drift Scale Test (DST), intended for acquiring such an understanding of these processes, has generated a huge volume of temperature and moisture redistribution data. Sophisticated thermal-hydrological (TH) conceptual models have yielded a good fit between simulation results and those measured data. However, some uncertainties in understanding the TH processes associated with the DST still exist. This paper evaluates these uncertainties and provides quantitative estimates of the range of these uncertainties. Of particular interest for the DST are the uncertainties resulting from the unmonitored loss of vapor through an open bulkhead of the test. There was concern that the outcome from the test might have been significantly altered by these losses. Using alternative conceptual models, we illustrate that predicted mean temperatures from the DST are within 1 degree C of the measured mean temperatures through the first 2 years of heating. The simulated spatial and temporal evolution of drying and condensation fronts is found to be qualitatively consistent with measured saturation data. Energy and mass balance computation shows that no more than 13% of the input energy is lost because of vapor leaving the test domain through the bulkhead. The change in average saturation in fractures is also relatively small. For a hypothetical situation in which no vapor is allowed to exit through the bulkhead, the simulated average fracture saturation is not qualitatively different enough to be discerned by measured moisture redistribution data. This leads us to conclude that the DST, despite the uncertainties associated with open field testing, has provided an excellent understanding of the TH processes. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Mukhopadhyay, S AU - Tsang, Y W AD - Earth Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, SMukhopadhyay@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 595 EP - 612 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Thermal KW - Hydrological KW - Drift Scale Test KW - Uncertainty KW - Coupled processes KW - Fractured rock KW - Radioactive waste KW - Yucca Mountain, Nevada KW - Moisture KW - Water Vapor KW - Spatial distribution KW - Temperature distribution KW - Groundwater flow KW - Temperature KW - Water vapour KW - Field Tests KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Saturation KW - Model Studies KW - Hydrologic processes KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Water loss KW - Field studies KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture distribution KW - Groundwater Data KW - Water Loss KW - Data Interpretation KW - Hydrologic models KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18721624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Uncertainties+in+coupled+thermal-hydrological+processes+associated+with+the+Drift+Scale+Test+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Mukhopadhyay%2C+S%3BTsang%2C+Y+W&rft.aulast=Mukhopadhyay&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=595&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900186-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydrologic processes; Spatial distribution; Temperature distribution; Groundwater flow; Soil moisture distribution; Hydrologic models; Moisture; Distribution (Mathematical); Water loss; Water vapour; Temperature; Field studies; Saturation; Water Vapor; Moisture Content; Field Tests; Groundwater Data; Water Loss; Spatial Distribution; Data Interpretation; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00186-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock: an evaluation of the continuum approach AN - 16150706; 5606576 AB - Because the continuum approach is relatively simple and straightforward to implement, it has been commonly used in modeling flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock. However, the usefulness of this approach can be questioned in terms of its adequacy for representing fingering flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock. The continuum approach thus needs to be evaluated carefully by comparing simulation results with field observations directly related to unsaturated flow and transport processes. This paper reports on such an evaluation, based on a combination of model calibration and prediction, using data from an infiltration test carried out in a densely fractured rock within the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Comparisons between experimental and modeling results show that the continuum approach may be able to capture important features of flow and transport processes observed from the test. The modeling results also show that matrix diffusion may have a significant effect on the overall transport behavior in unsaturated fractured rocks, which can be used to estimate effective fracture- matrix interface areas based on tracer transport data. While more theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies are needed to provide a conclusive evaluation, this study suggests that the continuum approach is useful for modeling flow and transport in unsaturated, densely fractured rock. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Liu, H-H AU - Haukwa, C B AU - Ahlers, C F AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Flint, AL AU - Guertal, W B AD - Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, HHLiu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 173 EP - 188 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Unsaturated flow KW - Model calibration KW - Seepage KW - Matrix diffusion KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Experimental Data KW - Mathematical models KW - Groundwater flow KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Model Testing KW - Model Studies KW - Fluid mechanics KW - Solutes KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Solute Transport KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Fracturing KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Infiltration KW - Hydrology KW - Groundwater Movement KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16150706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Modeling+flow+and+transport+in+unsaturated+fractured+rock%3A+an+evaluation+of+the+continuum+approach&rft.au=Liu%2C+H-H%3BHaukwa%2C+C+B%3BAhlers%2C+C+F%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BFlint%2C+AL%3BGuertal%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H-H&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900170-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluid mechanics; Mathematical models; Waste disposal sites; Infiltration; Radioactive wastes; Hydrology; Solutes; Fracturing; Groundwater flow; Modelling (-general-); Experimental Data; Geologic Fractures; Performance Evaluation; Mathematical Studies; Unsaturated Flow; Solute Transport; Model Testing; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00170-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calibration of Yucca Mountain unsaturated zone flow and transport model using porewater chloride data AN - 16150451; 5606578 AB - In this study, porewater chloride data from Yucca Mountain, NV are analyzed and modeled by three-dimensional chemical transport simulation and analytical methods. The simulation modeling approach is based on a continuum formulation of coupled multiphase fluid flow and tracer transport processes through fractured porous rock using a dual-continuum concept. Infiltration rate calibrations were performed using the porewater chloride data. Model results of chloride distributions were improved in matching the observed data with the calibrated infiltration rates. Statistical analyses of the frequency distribution for overall percolation fluxes and chloride concentration in the unsaturated zone system demonstrate that the use of the calibrated infiltration rates had an insignificant effect on the distribution of simulated percolation fluxes but significantly changed the predicted distribution of simulated chloride concentrations. An analytical method was also applied to model transient chloride transport. The method was verified by three-dimensional simulation results to be capable of capturing major chemical transient behavior and trends. Effects of lateral flow in the Paintbrush nonwelded unit on percolation fluxes and chloride distribution were studied by three-dimensional simulations with increased horizontal permeability. The combined results from these model calibrations furnish important information for the UZ model studies, contributing to performance assessment of the potential repository. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Liu, J AU - Sonnenthal, EL AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, GSBodvarsson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 213 EP - 235 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Chloride KW - Unsaturated zone KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Geochemistry KW - Infiltration map KW - Percolation KW - Pore water KW - Chlorides KW - Statistical analysis KW - Infiltration Rate KW - Calibration KW - Fluid mechanics KW - Solutes KW - Permeability KW - Calibrations KW - Fracturing KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Hydrology KW - Data Collections KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Groundwater flow KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Simulation KW - Data collections KW - Model Studies KW - Solute Transport KW - Infiltration KW - Groundwater Movement KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16150451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Calibration+of+Yucca+Mountain+unsaturated+zone+flow+and+transport+model+using+porewater+chloride+data&rft.au=Liu%2C+J%3BSonnenthal%2C+EL%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900168-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluid mechanics; Pore water; Permeability; Waste disposal sites; Radioactive wastes; Statistical analysis; Infiltration; Chlorides; Simulation; Hydrology; Solutes; Percolation; Fracturing; Groundwater flow; Calibration; Data collections; Geologic Fractures; Calibrations; Solute Transport; Infiltration Rate; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies; Data Collections DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00168-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of remote sensing measurements to evaluate vehicle emission monitoring programs: results from Phoenix, Arizona AN - 16149479; 5626837 AB - Vehicle emission inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs are the US EPA's primary policy to reduce on-road emissions of in-use vehicles. The EPA is preparing guidance for states on how to use on-road emissions measurements made by roadside sensors (remote sensing) to evaluate the effectiveness of their I/M programs. In its guidance EPA describes three methods of using remote sensing data for such evaluations: the comprehensive method, the step change method, and the reference method. We used an extensive number of remote sensing measurements in the Phoenix area to estimate program benefits under each method, in order to understand how each method measures emission reductions under an I/M program. The extensive number of measurements also allows testing the sensitivity of results obtained under the comprehensive method to the month in which the measurements were taken. We found that the comprehensive method estimates a small reduction in CO emissions (3.3 plus or minus 0.6%) from the I/M program; however, the step change method estimates no program benefit. A reference method analysis comparing on-road emissions of fleets in an enhanced and a basic program indicates that older vehicles have higher on-road emissions under the enhanced program than the basic program. Discrepancies between these results are discussed, as are several factors which appear to influence results under each method. JF - Environmental Science & Policy AU - Wenzel, T AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 153 EP - 166 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1462-9011, 1462-9011 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Motor vehicles KW - Federal programs KW - Emission measurements KW - Remote sensing KW - USA, Arizona, Phoenix KW - Exhaust emissions KW - Urban areas KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16149479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Policy&rft.atitle=Use+of+remote+sensing+measurements+to+evaluate+vehicle+emission+monitoring+programs%3A+results+from+Phoenix%2C+Arizona&rft.au=Wenzel%2C+T&rft.aulast=Wenzel&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Policy&rft.issn=14629011&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS1462-9011%2803%2900004-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; EPA; Motor vehicles; Federal programs; Remote sensing; Emission measurements; Urban areas; Exhaust emissions; USA, Arizona, Phoenix DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1462-9011(03)00004-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of the unsaturated zone testing at Yucca Mountain AN - 16148387; 5606585 AB - The evaluation of the Yucca Mountain site has evolved from intensive surface-based investigations in the early 1980s to current focus on testing in underground drifts. Different periods of site characterization activities and prominent issues concerning the unsaturated zone (UZ) are summarized. Data collection activities have evolved from mapping of faults and fractures to estimation of percolation through tuff layers, and to quantification of seepage into drifts. Evaluation of discrete flow paths in drifts has led to fracture- matrix interaction and matrix diffusion tests over different scales. The effects of tuff interfaces and local faults are evaluated in fractured-welded and porous-nonwelded units. Mobilization of matrix water and redistribution of moisture are measured in thermal tests. Lessons learned from underground tests are used to focus on processes needed for additional quantification. Migration through the drift shadow zone and liquid flow through faults are two important issues that have evolved from current knowledge. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Wang, JSY AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-1116, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, jswang@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/04// PY - 2003 DA - Apr 2003 SP - 337 EP - 360 VL - 62-63 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Seepage KW - Fracture flow KW - Fracture-matrix interaction KW - Matrix diffusion KW - Percolation KW - Flow and transport KW - Unsaturated zone KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Flow KW - Case study KW - Sites KW - Case Studies KW - Hydrogeology KW - Groundwater flow KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Field Tests KW - Data collections KW - Fluid mechanics KW - Underground Waste Disposal KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Geohydrology KW - Field studies KW - Hydrology KW - Diffusion KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Data Collections KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16148387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+the+unsaturated+zone+testing+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Wang%2C+JSY%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=JSY&rft.date=2003-04-01&rft.volume=62-63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2802%2900161-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fluid mechanics; Waste disposal sites; Radioactive wastes; Hydrology; Diffusion; Flow; Case study; Groundwater flow; Hydrogeology; Field studies; Data collections; Sites; Unsaturated Flow; Underground Waste Disposal; Case Studies; Geohydrology; Field Tests; Groundwater Movement; Data Collections DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(02)00161-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of chromium contamination and microbial activity in soil aggregates. AN - 73201915; 12708678 AB - Biogeochemical transformations of redox-sensitive chemicals in soils can be strongly transport-controlled and localized. This was tested through experiments on chromium diffusion and reduction in soil aggregates that were exposed to chromate solutions. Reduction of soluble Cr(VI) to insoluble Cr(II) occurred only within the surface layer of aggregates with higher available organic carbon and higher microbial respiration. Sharply terminated Cr diffusion fronts develop when the reduction rate increases rapidly with depth. The final state of such aggregates consists of a Cr-contaminated exterior, and an uncontaminated core, each having different microbial community compositions and activity. Microbial activity was significantly higher in the more reducing soils, while total microbial biomass was similar in all of the soils. The small fraction of Cr(VI) remaining unreduced resides along external surfaces of aggregates, leaving it potentially available to future transport down the soil profile. Using the Thiele modulus, Cr(VI) reduction in soil aggregates is shown to be diffusion rate- and reaction rate-limited in anaerobic and aerobic aggregates, respectively. Thus, spatially resolved chemical and microbiological measurements are necessary within anaerobic soil aggregates to characterize and predict the fate of Cr contamination. Typical methods of soil sampling and analyses that average over redox gradients within aggregates can erase important biogeochemical spatial relations necessary for understanding these environments. JF - Journal of environmental quality AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Schwartz, Egbert AU - Firestone, Mary K AU - Sutton, Stephen R AU - Newville, Matthew AU - Olson, Keith R AU - Lanzirotti, Antonio AU - Rao, William AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. tktokunaga@lbl.gov PY - 2003 SP - 541 EP - 549 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - chromium hexavalent ion KW - 18540-29-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Bacteria, Anaerobic -- physiology KW - Bacteria, Aerobic -- physiology KW - Diffusion KW - Soil Microbiology KW - Chromium -- chemistry KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- metabolism KW - Chromium -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73201915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+chromium+contamination+and+microbial+activity+in+soil+aggregates.&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BSchwartz%2C+Egbert%3BFirestone%2C+Mary+K%3BSutton%2C+Stephen+R%3BNewville%2C+Matthew%3BOlson%2C+Keith+R%3BLanzirotti%2C+Antonio%3BRao%2C+William&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-07-08 N1 - Date created - 2003-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mammary epithelial cells of PR-A transgenic mice exhibit distinct alterations in gene expression and growth potential associated with transformation. AN - 73133769; 12663498 AB - Expression of the 'A' and 'B' forms of progesterone receptor (PR), in an appropriate ratio is critical for normal mammary development. As such, mammary glands of PR-A transgenic mice, carrying additional 'A' form of PR as transgene, exhibit morphological and histological characteristics associated with transformation. Accordingly, in the present studies, we analyzed these mammary glands for the presence of transformed epithelial cells by examining for alterations in gene expressions and growth potential, known to be associated with different stages of transformation. These studies reveal that, in the aberrant mammary epithelial structures, there is a decrease in p21 expression, an increase in cyclin D1 expression accompanied by an increase in cell proliferation, and a decrease in estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha). In mammary ducts with normal histology, there is a decrease in p21 expression without an elevation in cyclin D1 expression or cell proliferation or a decrease in ER alpha expression. Treatment of PR-A transgenics with anti-progestin, mifepristone, has no effect on cell proliferation, cyclin D1 or ER alpha expression in the aberrant epithelial structures. In contrast, mifepristone restored the loss of p21 expression in the epithelial cells of both the ducts with normal histology and aberrant structures. Parallel studies reveal no apparent differences between the mammary glands of wild-type and PR-B transgenic mice, which carry additional PR 'B' form. Accordingly, we conclude that (i) mammary glands of PR-A transgenics contain at least two distinct populations of transformed epithelial cells, (ii) the epithelial cell population in the ducts with normal histology contain presumptive immortalized cells, indicative of early stages of transformation, (iii) the aberrant epithelial structures contain later stages of transformation associated with hyperplasias/pre-neoplasias and (iv) the transformation of mammary epithelial cells in PR-A transgenics might be due to a misregulation in progesterone action resulting from overexpression of PR 'A' form. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Chou, Yu-Chien AU - Uehara, Norihisa AU - Lowry, Jason R AU - Shyamala, G AD - Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 403 EP - 409 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Receptors, Progesterone KW - 0 KW - progesterone receptor A KW - Index Medicus KW - Epithelial Cells -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Epithelial Cells -- cytology KW - Mice KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Receptors, Progesterone -- genetics KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- cytology KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73133769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Mammary+epithelial+cells+of+PR-A+transgenic+mice+exhibit+distinct+alterations+in+gene+expression+and+growth+potential+associated+with+transformation.&rft.au=Chou%2C+Yu-Chien%3BUehara%2C+Norihisa%3BLowry%2C+Jason+R%3BShyamala%2C+G&rft.aulast=Chou&rft.aufirst=Yu-Chien&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-30 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmark studies of the effectiveness of structural and internal materials as radiation shielding for the international space station. AN - 73051353; 12600241 AB - Accelerator-based measurements and model calculations have been used to study the heavy-ion radiation transport properties of materials in use on the International Space Station (ISS). Samples of the ISS aluminum outer hull were augmented with various configurations of internal wall material and polyethylene. The materials were bombarded with high-energy iron ions characteristic of a significant part of the galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) heavy-ion spectrum. Transmitted primary ions and charged fragments produced in nuclear collisions in the materials were measured near the beam axis, and a model was used to extrapolate from the data to lower beam energies and to a lighter ion. For the materials and ions studied, at incident particle energies from 1037 MeV/nucleon down to at least 600 MeV/nucleon, nuclear fragmentation reduces the average dose and dose equivalent per incident ion. At energies below 400 MeV/nucleon, the calculation predicts that as material is added, increased ionization energy loss produces increases in some dosimetric quantities. These limited results suggest that the addition of modest amounts of polyethylene or similar material to the interior of the ISS will reduce the dose to ISS crews from space radiation; however, the radiation transport properties of ISS materials should be evaluated with a realistic space radiation field. JF - Radiation research AU - Miller, J AU - Zeitlin, C AU - Cucinotta, F A AU - Heilbronn, L AU - Stephens, D AU - Wilson, J W AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. miller@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 381 EP - 390 VL - 159 IS - 3 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Graphite KW - 7782-42-5 KW - Polyethylene KW - 9002-88-4 KW - Aluminum KW - CPD4NFA903 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - NASA Discipline Radiation Health KW - NASA Center JSC KW - Non-NASA Center KW - Particle Accelerators KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Heavy Ions KW - Spacecraft -- instrumentation KW - Cosmic Radiation KW - Radiation Protection -- statistics & numerical data KW - Radiation Protection -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73051353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Benchmark+studies+of+the+effectiveness+of+structural+and+internal+materials+as+radiation+shielding+for+the+international+space+station.&rft.au=Miller%2C+J%3BZeitlin%2C+C%3BCucinotta%2C+F+A%3BHeilbronn%2C+L%3BStephens%2C+D%3BWilson%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-04-25 N1 - Date created - 2003-02-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface complexation and precipitate geometry for aqueous Zn(II) sorption on ferrihydrite; II, XANES analysis and simulation AN - 52005182; 2003-027749 AB - X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) analysis of sorption complexes has the advantages of high sensitivity (10- to 20-fold greater than extended X-ray absorption fine structure [EXAFS] analysis) and relative ease and speed of data collection (because of the short k-space range). It is thus a potentially powerful tool for characterization of environmentally significant surface complexes and precipitates at very low surface coverages. However, quantitative analysis has been limited largely to "fingerprint" comparison with model spectra because of the difficulty of obtaining accurate multiple-scattering amplitudes for small clusters with high confidence. In the present work, calculations of the XANES for 50- to 200-atom clusters of structure from Zn model compounds using the full multiple-scattering code Feff 8.0 accurately replicate experimental spectra and display features characteristic of specific first-neighbor anion coordination geometry and second-neighbor cation geometry and number. Analogous calculations of the XANES for small molecular clusters indicative of precipitation and sorption geometries for aqueous Zn on ferrihydrite, and suggested by EXAFS analysis, are in good agreement with observed spectral trends with sample composition, with Zn-oxygen coordination and with changes in second-neighbor cation coordination as a function of sorption coverage. Empirical analysis of experimental XANES features further verifies the validity of the calculations. The findings agree well with a complete EXAFS analysis previously reported for the same sample set, namely, that octahedrally coordinated aqueous Zn (super 2+) species sorb as a tetrahedral complex on ferrihydrite with varying local geometry depending on sorption density. At significantly higher densities but below those at which Zn hydroxide is expected to precipitate, a mainly octahedral coordinated Zn (super 2+) precipitate is observed. An analysis of the multiple scattering paths contributing to the XANES demonstrates the importance of scattering paths involving the anion sublattice. We also describe the specific advantages of complementary quantitative XANES and EXAFS analysis and estimate limits on the extent of structural information obtainable from XANES analysis. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Waychunas, G A AU - Fuller, C C AU - Davis, J A AU - Rehr, J J A2 - Becker, Udo A2 - Rosso, Kevin M. Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 1031 EP - 1043 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - zinc KW - sorption KW - iron oxides KW - complexing KW - data processing KW - crystal structure KW - aqueous solutions KW - ferrihydrite KW - X-ray spectra KW - geometry KW - XANES spectra KW - chemical reactions KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - digital simulation KW - EXAFS data KW - theoretical models KW - oxides KW - surface reactions KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - mineral surface KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52005182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface+complexation+and+precipitate+geometry+for+aqueous+Zn%28II%29+sorption+on+ferrihydrite%3B+II%2C+XANES+analysis+and+simulation&rft.au=Waychunas%2C+G+A%3BFuller%2C+C+C%3BDavis%2C+J+A%3BRehr%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Waychunas&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1031&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901280-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2001 Goldschmidt meeting, symposium on Advances in oxide and sulfide mineral surface chemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; complexing; crystal structure; data processing; digital simulation; EXAFS data; ferrihydrite; geochemistry; geometry; iron oxides; metals; mineral surface; oxides; precipitation; sorption; spectra; surface reactions; theoretical models; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01280-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative charge state analysis of manganese biominerals in aqueous suspension using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) AN - 51997702; 2003-032245 AB - We have applied Scanning Transmission Soft X-ray Microscopy (STXM) to investigate the charge state distribution of Mn in two kinds of Mn-biominerals, Mn nodules collected from Lake Michigan sediments and Mn precipitates formed by spores of a marine bacillus SG-1 under transport limited reaction conditions. A data analysis technique was developed, which allows for extraction of spatially resolved 2-d charge state maps of manganese on a submicron level. We find that the charge state of Mn dominates the spectral shape of L-edge spectra of environmentally important single oxidation state Mn minerals and that spectra of mixed oxidation state oxides can be modelled by a combination of appropriate single oxidation state reference spectra. Two-dimensional maps of charge state distributions clearly reveal domains of different oxidation states within single particles of Mn-micronodules. Spots of preferred accumulation of Mn(II) were found, which indicates biogenic precipitation of Mn(II)-species as a first step of nodule formation. The presence of Mn(III) in the studied sediment samples suggests the involvement of one-electron oxidation processes and reaction conditions which inhibit or slow down the disproportionation of Mn(III)-products. Under transport limited conditions, Mn oxidation products formed by spores of the marine bacillus SG-1 can vary from cell to cell. The presence of significant amounts of Mn(III) containing species points to the involvement of one-electron oxidation reactions as in the case of the micro-nodules. Our technique and the results obtained form a new basis for the mechanistic understanding of the formation of Mn biominerals in the environment. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Pecher, K AU - McCubbery, D AU - Kneedler, E AU - Rothe, J AU - Bargar, J AU - Meigs, G AU - Cox, L AU - Nealson, K AU - Tonner, B Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 1089 EP - 1098 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - nodules KW - suspended materials KW - crystal growth KW - aqueous solutions KW - manganese KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - Lake Michigan KW - manganese minerals KW - quantitative analysis KW - sediments KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - Great Lakes KW - STXM spectra KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - biomineralization KW - North America KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - scanning transmission X-ray microscopy spectra KW - X-ray spectra KW - spores KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - lacustrine environment KW - lake sediments KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51997702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Quantitative+charge+state+analysis+of+manganese+biominerals+in+aqueous+suspension+using+scanning+transmission+X-ray+microscopy+%28STXM%29&rft.au=Pecher%2C+K%3BMcCubbery%2C+D%3BKneedler%2C+E%3BRothe%2C+J%3BBargar%2C+J%3BMeigs%2C+G%3BCox%2C+L%3BNealson%2C+K%3BTonner%2C+B&rft.aulast=Pecher&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1089&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901229-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; biogenic processes; biomineralization; crystal growth; experimental studies; geochemistry; Great Lakes; laboratory studies; lacustrine environment; Lake Michigan; lake sediments; manganese; manganese minerals; manganese oxides; metals; nodules; North America; oxidation; oxides; quantitative analysis; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy spectra; sediments; spectra; spores; STXM spectra; suspended materials; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01229-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hexapod origins; monophyletic or paraphyletic? AN - 51984012; 2003-040595 AB - Recent morphological and molecular evidence has changed interpretations of arthropod phylogeny and evolution. Here we compare complete mitochondrial genomes to show that Collembola, a wingless group traditionally considered as basal to all insects, appears instead to constitute a separate evolutionary lineage that branched much earlier than the separation of many crustaceans and insects and independently adapted to life on land. Therefore, the taxon Hexapoda, as commonly defined to include all six-legged arthropods, is not monophyletic. JF - Science AU - Nardi, Francesco AU - Spinsanti, Giacomo AU - Boore, Jeffrey L AU - Carapelli, Antonio AU - Dallai, Romano AU - Frati, Francesco Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 1887 EP - 1889 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 299 IS - 5614 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - phylogeny KW - Crustacea KW - statistical analysis KW - biologic evolution KW - Hexapoda KW - morphology KW - genetics KW - Collembola KW - maximum likelihood KW - Arthropoda KW - Chelicerata KW - Mandibulata KW - DNA KW - Invertebrata KW - Insecta KW - 10:Invertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51984012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Hexapod+origins%3B+monophyletic+or+paraphyletic%3F&rft.au=Nardi%2C+Francesco%3BSpinsanti%2C+Giacomo%3BBoore%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BCarapelli%2C+Antonio%3BDallai%2C+Romano%3BFrati%2C+Francesco&rft.aulast=Nardi&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=299&rft.issue=5614&rft.spage=1887&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1078607 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arthropoda; biologic evolution; Chelicerata; Collembola; Crustacea; DNA; genetics; Hexapoda; Insecta; Invertebrata; Mandibulata; maximum likelihood; morphology; phylogeny; statistical analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1078607 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probability density functions for solute transport in random field AN - 51949970; 2003-062323 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Shvidler, Mark AU - Karasaki, Kenzi Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 243 EP - 266 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - solute transport KW - concentration KW - one-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - probability KW - uncertainty KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51949970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Probability+density+functions+for+solute+transport+in+random+field&rft.au=Shvidler%2C+Mark%3BKarasaki%2C+Kenzi&rft.aulast=Shvidler&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; concentration; equations; ground water; mathematical models; one-dimensional models; porous materials; preferential flow; probability; solute transport; solutes; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; transport; uncertainty ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exact averaging of stochastic equations for transport in random velocity field AN - 51949772; 2003-062322 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Shvidler, Mark AU - Karasaki, Kenzi Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 223 EP - 241 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - solute transport KW - one-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - finite element analysis KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51949772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Exact+averaging+of+stochastic+equations+for+transport+in+random+velocity+field&rft.au=Shvidler%2C+Mark%3BKarasaki%2C+Kenzi&rft.aulast=Shvidler&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; equations; finite element analysis; fluid dynamics; ground water; mathematical models; models; one-dimensional models; porous materials; preferential flow; reservoir rocks; solute transport; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling of aquifer disposal of CO (sub 2) AN - 51949312; 2003-062524 AB - Disposal of CO (sub 2) from stationary sources (fossil-fired power plants) into brackish (saline) aquifers has been suggested as a possible means of reducing emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Injection of CO (sub 2) into such aquifers would be carried out at supercritical conditions and would give rise to the evolution of a two-phase fluid system, in which most of the injected CO (sub 2) will reside in a dense supercritical gas phase, while also dissolving partially into the aqueous phase and reacting with native minerals. This paper presents scoping studies of the amounts of CO (sub 2) that can be trapped into the various phases (gas, aqueous, and solid) for a range of conditions that may be encountered in typical disposal aquifers. Our analyses employ a realistic fluid property (PVT) description of brine/CO (sub 2) mixtures for supercritical conditions, which takes into account real gas density and viscosity effects for CO (sub 2) , and includes pressure, temperature, and salinity dependence of CO (sub 2) dissolution into the aqueous phase. The fluid property description has been incorporated into a multipurpose reservoir simulator, and has been used to evaluate dynamic effects of CO (sub 2) injection into aquifers. A survey of minerals commonly encountered in crustal rocks was made to identify possibilities for chemical sequestration of CO (sub 2) through the formation of carbonates of low solubility. We also performed batch reaction modeling of the geochemical evolution of representative aquifer mineralogies. Results indicate that under favorable conditions the amount of CO (sub 2) that may be sequestered by precipitation of secondary carbonates is comparable to the amount of CO (sub 2) dissolved in pore waters. The accumulation of carbonates in the rock matrix and induced rock mineral alteration caused by the presence of dissolved CO (sub 2) lead to a considerable decrease in porosity. JF - SPE Journal AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Apps, John AU - Garcia, Julio Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - March 2003 SP - 49 EP - 60 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1086-055X, 1086-055X KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - solid phase KW - geochemical profiles KW - pore pressure KW - air KW - greenhouse effect KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51949312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPE+Journal&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+of+aquifer+disposal+of+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten%3BXu%2C+Tianfu%3BApps%2C+John%3BGarcia%2C+Julio&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SPE+Journal&rft.issn=1086055X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; aquifers; carbon dioxide; geochemical profiles; greenhouse effect; ground water; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; pore pressure; solid phase; underground disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tank Atmosphere Perturbation: A Procedure for Assessing Flashing Losses from Oil Storage Tanks AN - 20628156; 5595057 AB - A new procedure to measure the total volume of emissions from heavy crude oil storage tanks is described. Tank flashing losses, which are difficult to measure, can be determined by correcting this value for working and breathing losses. The procedure uses a fan or blower to vent the headspace of the storage tank, with subsequent monitoring of the change in concentrations of oxygen or other gases. Combined with a separate determination of the reactive organic carbon (ROC) fraction in the gas, this method allows the evaluation of the total amount of ROC emitted. The operation of the system is described, and results from measurement of several storage tanks in California oil fields are presented. Our measurements are compared with those obtained using the California Air Resources Board (CARB) 150 method. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Littlejohn, D AU - Lucas, D AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA, d_lucas@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 360 EP - 365 VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Crude oil KW - Storage tanks KW - Gases KW - Organic carbon KW - Oil fields KW - Emission measurements KW - USA, California KW - Air pollution measurements KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20628156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Tank+Atmosphere+Perturbation%3A+A+Procedure+for+Assessing+Flashing+Losses+from+Oil+Storage+Tanks&rft.au=Littlejohn%2C+D%3BLucas%2C+D&rft.aulast=Littlejohn&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=360&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gases; Storage tanks; Crude oil; Oil fields; Organic carbon; Emission measurements; Air pollution measurements; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Opportunitites for promoting energy efficiency in buildings as an air quality compliance approach AN - 20524651; 5627117 AB - Increasing the energy efficiency of end-use equipment in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors can reduce air pollution emissions and greenhouse gases significantly. Because energy efficiency is an effective means of reducing multi-pollutant emissions, it is important to ensure that energy efficiency is a fully engaged component of emission-reduction programs. However, while energy-efficiency measures are perceived by many stakeholders to be important options for improving air quality, some members in the air quality community are concerned about the ability of these measures to fit in a regulatory framework - in particular, the ability of emissions reductions from energy-efficiency measures to be real, quantifiable, certifiable, and enforceable. Hence, there are few air quality programs that include energy efficiency as a tool for complying with air quality regulations. This paper describes the connection between energy consumption and air quality, the potential role of energy-efficiency measures to meet air quality regulations, the barriers and challenges to the use of these measures in the air quality regulatory environment, and the opportunities that organizations could exploit in this area. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Vine, E AD - Environmental Energy Technical Division, Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, elvine@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 319 EP - 341 VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Compliance KW - environmental regulations KW - Emission control KW - Air quality control KW - Greenhouse gases KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20524651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Opportunitites+for+promoting+energy+efficiency+in+buildings+as+an+air+quality+compliance+approach&rft.au=Vine%2C+E&rft.aulast=Vine&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0360-5442%2802%2900112-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Compliance; environmental regulations; Air quality control; Emission control; Greenhouse gases DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0360-5442(02)00112-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of soluble recombinant proteins in a cell-free system using a 96-well format AN - 19802545; 8594614 AB - For structural and functional genomics programs, new high-throughput methods to obtain well-expressing and highly soluble proteins are essential. Here, we describe a rapid procedure to express recombinant proteins in an Escherichia coli cell-free system using a 96-well format. The identification of soluble proteins is performed by the Dot Blot procedure using an anti-His tag antibody. The applications and the automation of this method are described. JF - Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods AU - Busso, Didier AU - Kim, Rosalind AU - Kim, Sung-Hou AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 314 Calvin Lab MS5230, CA 94720-5230, USA, djbusso@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 233 EP - 240 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 55 IS - 3 SN - 0165-022X, 0165-022X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cell-free KW - Screening KW - Expression KW - Solubility KW - Automation KW - Recombinant proteins KW - Antibodies KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Escherichia coli KW - Cell-free system KW - genomics KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19802545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biochemical+and+Biophysical+Methods&rft.atitle=Expression+of+soluble+recombinant+proteins+in+a+cell-free+system+using+a+96-well+format&rft.au=Busso%2C+Didier%3BKim%2C+Rosalind%3BKim%2C+Sung-Hou&rft.aulast=Busso&rft.aufirst=Didier&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biochemical+and+Biophysical+Methods&rft.issn=0165022X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0165-022X%2803%2900049-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antibodies; Structure-function relationships; Automation; Cell-free system; genomics; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-022X(03)00049-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyzing the land cover of an urban environment using high-resolution orthophotos AN - 18682554; 5578621 AB - To estimate the impact of light-colored surfaces (roofs and pavements) and urban vegetation (trees, grass, shrubs) on meteorology and air quality of a city, it is essential to accurately characterize various urban surfaces. Of particular importance is the characterization of the area fraction of various surface-types as well as the vegetative fraction. In this paper, a method is discussed for developing data on surface-type distribution and city-fabric (land cover) makeup (percentage of various surface-types) using high-resolution orthophtos. We devised a semi-automatic Monte Carlo method to sample the data and visually identify the surface-type for each pixel. The color aerial photographs for Sacramento covered a total of about 65 km, at 0.3-m resolution. Five major land-use types were examined: (1) downtown and city center, (2) industrial, (3) offices, (4) commercial, and (5) residential. In downtown Sacramento, the top view (above-the-canopy) shows that vegetation covers 30% of the area, whereas roofs cover 23% and paved surfaces (roads, parking areas, and sidewalks) 41%. In the industrial areas, vegetation covers 8-14% of the area, whereas roofs cover 19-23%, and paved surfaces 29-44%. The surface-type percentages in the office area were 21% trees, 16% roofs, and 49% paved areas. In commercial areas, vegetation covers 5-20%, roofs 19-20%, paved surfaces 44- 68%. Residential areas exhibit a wide range of percentages among their various surface-types. On average, vegetation covers about 36% of the area, roofs about 20%, and paved surfaces about 28%. Trees mostly shade streets, parking lots, grass, and sidewalks. In most non-residential areas, paved surfaces cover 50-70% of the under-the-canopy area. In residential areas, on average, paved surfaces cover about 35% of the area. Land-use/land cover (LULC) data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) was used to extrapolate these results from neighborhood scales to metropolitan Sacramento. Of an area of roughly 800 km, defining most urban areas of the metropolitan Sacramento, about half is residential. The total roof area comprises about 150 km and the total paved surfaces (roads, parking areas, sidewalks) are about 310 km. The total vegetated area covers about 230 km. The remaining 110 km consist of barren land and miscellaneous surfaces. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Akbari, H AU - Rose, L S AU - Taha, H AD - Heat Island Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, h_akbari@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/03// PY - 2003 DA - Mar 2003 SP - 1 EP - 14 VL - 63 IS - 1 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - air quality KW - orthophotos KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04695:Urban environments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18682554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Analyzing+the+land+cover+of+an+urban+environment+using+high-resolution+orthophotos&rft.au=Akbari%2C+H%3BRose%2C+L+S%3BTaha%2C+H&rft.aulast=Akbari&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-2046%2802%2900165-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00165-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A New Approach to Mineralization of Biocompatible Hydrogel Scaffolds: An Efficient Process toward 3-Dimensional Bonelike Composites AN - 17878054; 5841925 AB - As a first step toward the design and fabrication of biomimetic bonelike composite materials, we have developed a template-driven nucleation and mineral growth process for the high-affinity integration of hydroxyapatite with a poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) hydrogel scaffold. A mineralization technique was developed that exposes carboxylate groups on the surface of cross-linked pHEMA, promoting high-affinity nucleation and growth of calcium phosphate on the surface, along with extensive calcification of the hydrogel interior. Robust surface mineral layers a few microns thick were obtained. The same mineralization technique, when applied to a hydrogel that is less prone to surface hydrolysis, led to distinctly different mineralization patterns, in terms of both the extent of mineralization and the crystallinity of the apatite grown on the hydrogel surface. This template-driven mineralization technique provides an efficient approach toward bonelike composites with high mineral-hydrogel interfacial adhesion strength. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Song, J AU - Saiz, E AU - Bertozzi, C R AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, bertozzi@cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2003/02/05/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Feb 05 SP - 1236 EP - 1243 VL - 125 IS - 5 SN - 0002-7863, 0002-7863 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - apatite KW - Nucleation KW - Hydroxyapatite KW - Crystallinity KW - Calcification KW - composite materials KW - hydrogels KW - Mineralization KW - Calcium phosphate KW - scaffolds KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17878054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=A+New+Approach+to+Mineralization+of+Biocompatible+Hydrogel+Scaffolds%3A+An+Efficient+Process+toward+3-Dimensional+Bonelike+Composites&rft.au=Song%2C+J%3BSaiz%2C+E%3BBertozzi%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-02-05&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=00027863&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fja028559h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mineralization; hydrogels; Nucleation; scaffolds; Calcium phosphate; composite materials; Crystallinity; Calcification; Hydroxyapatite; apatite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja028559h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of cancer risk estimates based on a variety of risk assessment methodologies. AN - 73156026; 12662908 AB - The EPA guidelines recommend a benchmark dose as a point of departure (PoD) for low-dose cancer risk assessment. Generally the PoD is the lower 95% confidence limit on the dose estimated to produce an extra lifetime cancer risk of 10% (LTD(10)). Due to the relatively narrow range of doses in two-year bioassays and the limited range of statistically significant tumor incidence rates, the estimate of the LTD(10) is constrained to a relatively narrow range of values. Because of this constraint, simple, quick estimates of the LTD(10) can be readily obtained for hundreds of rodent carcinogens from the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) of Gold et al. Three estimation procedures for LTD(10) are described, using increasing information from the CPDB: (A) based on only the maximum tolerated dose (the highest dose tested); (B) based on the TD(50); and (C) based on the TD(50) and its lower 99% confidence limit. As expected, results indicate overall similarity of the LTD(10) estimates and the value of using additional information. For Method (C) the estimator based on the [[(TD(50))(0.36) x (LoConf)(0.64)]/6.6] is generally similar to the estimator based on the one-hit model or multistage model LTD(10). This simple estimate of the LTD(10) is applicable for both linear and curved dose responses with high or low background tumor rates, and whether the confidence limits on the TD(50) are wide or tight. The EPA guidelines provide for a margin of exposure approach if data are sufficient to support a nonlinear dose-response. The reference dose for cancer for a nonlinear dose-response curve based on a 10,000-fold uncertainty (safety) factor from the LTD(10), i.e., the LTD(10)/10,000, is mathematically equivalent to the value for a linear extrapolation from the LTD(10) to the dose corresponding to a cancer risk of <10(-5) (LTD(10)/10,000). The cancer risk at <10(-5) obtained by using the q(1)(*) from the multistage model, is similar to LTD(10)/10,000. For a nonlinear case, an uncertainty factor of less than 10,000 is likely to be used, which would result in a higher (less stringent) acceptable exposure level. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Gold, Lois Swirsky AU - Gaylor, David W AU - Slone, Thomas H AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. cpdb@potency.berkley.edu Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 45 EP - 53 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Solvents KW - 0 KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Linear Models KW - Chloroform -- toxicity KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Models, Biological KW - Drug Administration Routes KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods KW - Risk Assessment -- methods KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- statistics & numerical data UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73156026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+cancer+risk+estimates+based+on+a+variety+of+risk+assessment+methodologies.&rft.au=Gold%2C+Lois+Swirsky%3BGaylor%2C+David+W%3BSlone%2C+Thomas+H&rft.aulast=Gold&rft.aufirst=Lois&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-09 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extraterrestrial accretion from the GISP2 ice core AN - 52013755; 2003-021820 AB - The rate of extraterrestrial accretion for particles in the size range 0.45 mu m to approximately 20 mu m was determined from dust concentrates extracted from Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core samples. Using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), we determined the iridium (Ir) content of the dust. Following a core-specific correction for terrestrial Ir and assuming a chondritic Ir abundance of 500 ppb, we measure an average accretion rate for 0.45 mu m to approximately 20 mu m particles over the entire Earth of 0.22(+ or -0.11)X10 (super 9) g/yr (kton/yr) for 317 years of ice through the interval 6 to 20 ka. This is consistent with the interplanetary dust accretion rate of 0.17(+ or -0.08)X10 (super 9) g/yr that we derive from published (super 3) He data for the GISP2 core. Accounting for particles that are larger and smaller than those detected by or experiment, our best estimate of the total accretion rate (including particle sizes up to about 4 cm in diameter) is 2.5X10 (super 9) g/yr. The uncertainty in this estimate is dominated by statistical fluctuations in the number of particles expected to end up in the ice core and not by measurement error. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, we estimate the upper limit for total extraterrestrial accretion to Earth of 6.25X10 (super 9) g/yr (95% confidence level). This accretion rate is consistent with some estimates from micrometeorite concentrations in polar ice, estimates from ground-based radar studies, and with accretion estimates of (super 3) He-bearing interplanetary dust particles, assuming that (super 3) He is correlated with particle surface area. It is, however, lower than estimates based on platinum group element studies of marine sediments. The conflict may indicate systematic errors with either the marine or the non-marine samples, departures from the assumed particle spectrum of Grun and coauthors, or time-variable accretion rates, with the early Holocene period being characterized by low levels of accretion. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Karner, Daniel B AU - Levine, Jonathan AU - Muller, Richard A AU - Asaro, Frank AU - Ram, Michael AU - Stolz, Michael R Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 751 EP - 763 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 67 IS - 4 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - neutron activation analysis data KW - ice cores KW - experimental studies KW - Summit Greenland KW - accretion KW - clastic sediments KW - Arctic region KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - rates KW - GISP2 KW - platinum group KW - interplanetary dust KW - iridium KW - Greenland KW - metals KW - dust KW - sediments KW - particulate materials KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52013755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Extraterrestrial+accretion+from+the+GISP2+ice+core&rft.au=Karner%2C+Daniel+B%3BLevine%2C+Jonathan%3BMuller%2C+Richard+A%3BAsaro%2C+Frank%3BRam%2C+Michael%3BStolz%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Karner&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=751&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2901145-6 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accretion; Arctic region; clastic sediments; dust; experimental studies; geochemistry; GISP2; Greenland; ice cores; interplanetary dust; iridium; metals; Monte Carlo analysis; neutron activation analysis data; particulate materials; platinum group; rates; sediments; statistical analysis; Summit Greenland DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01145-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A finite world, earth sciences, and public trust AN - 52008983; 2003-024536 JF - Ground Water AU - Narasimhan, T N Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 11 EP - 14 PB - Water Well Journal Pub. Co., Worthington, OH VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - conservation KW - public policy KW - sustainable development KW - environmental geology KW - ecosystems KW - economics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52008983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=A+finite+world%2C+earth+sciences%2C+and+public+trust&rft.au=Narasimhan%2C+T+N&rft.aulast=Narasimhan&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - conservation; economics; ecosystems; environmental geology; public policy; sustainable development ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 3D interpretation of electromagnetic data using a modified extended Born approximation AN - 52003662; 2003-027576 AB - We present a new method, dubbed the modified extended Born approximation (MEBA), for efficient three-dimensional (3D) simulation and inversion of geophysical frequency-domain electromagnetic (EM) data for a targeted object lodged in a layered half-space. Based on the integral equation method and modified from an extended Born approximation technique, the MEBA method calculates the total electric field in an electrical conductivity inhomogeneity without any need for solving a huge matrix equation. This is done by multiplying the background electric field by a depolarization tensor. The Fourier transform and the convolution theorem are used to dramatically increase the computational efficiency. Comparisons of MEBA-generated numerical data for tabular targets with data generated by other means are used to verify the scheme and check its range of validity. The results indicate that the MEBA technique yields better accuracy when current channeling in the conductivity anomaly dominates over the induction process. The MEBA algorithm has been incorporated into a least-squares inversion scheme which is used to interpret borehole-to-surface EM tomography field data. The survey served to monitor the subsurface conductivity change associated with the extraction of a volume of saltwater previously injected into a known aquifer. JF - Geophysics AU - Tseng, Hung-Wen AU - Lee, Ki Ha AU - Becker, Alex Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 127 EP - 137 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic field KW - case studies KW - California KW - conductivity KW - electromagnetic methods KW - half-space KW - Born approximation KW - algorithms KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=3D+interpretation+of+electromagnetic+data+using+a+modified+extended+Born+approximation&rft.au=Tseng%2C+Hung-Wen%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha%3BBecker%2C+Alex&rft.aulast=Tseng&rft.aufirst=Hung-Wen&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1543200 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Born approximation; California; case studies; conductivity; electromagnetic methods; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; half-space; magnetic field; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models; tomography; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1543200 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time is of the essence AN - 51949341; 2003-062467 JF - Bulletin - Geothermal Resources Council AU - Lippmann, Marcelo J Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 38 EP - 43 PB - Geothermal Resources Council, Davis, CA VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0160-7782, 0160-7782 KW - natural gas KW - Costa Rica KW - power plants KW - petroleum KW - exploitation KW - Nicaragua KW - production KW - investment KW - exploration KW - environmental management KW - seismicity KW - volcanism KW - Honduras KW - El Salvador KW - Cocos Plate KW - Panama KW - Guatemala KW - Caribbean region KW - subduction KW - cost KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - Caribbean Plate KW - price KW - plate tectonics KW - productive capacity KW - economics KW - Central America KW - 29B:Economic geology, economics of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51949341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.atitle=Time+is+of+the+essence&rft.au=Lippmann%2C+Marcelo+J&rft.aulast=Lippmann&rft.aufirst=Marcelo&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.issn=01607782&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://geothermal.org/bulletin.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - BGRCDD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Caribbean Plate; Caribbean region; Central America; Cocos Plate; cost; Costa Rica; economics; El Salvador; environmental management; exploitation; exploration; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; Guatemala; Honduras; investment; natural gas; Nicaragua; Panama; petroleum; plate tectonics; power plants; price; production; productive capacity; seismicity; subduction; volcanism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive geochemical transport simulation to study mineral trapping for CO (sub 2) disposal in deep arenaceous formations AN - 51811740; 2004-065078 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Apps, John A AU - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 13 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 108 IS - B2 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - global change KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - carbon dioxide KW - marine sediments KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sediments KW - lower crust KW - kinetics KW - P-T conditions KW - global warming KW - sequestration KW - numerical models KW - injection KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - porosity KW - precipitation KW - diagenesis KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - crust KW - storage KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Reactive+geochemical+transport+simulation+to+study+mineral+trapping+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+disposal+in+deep+arenaceous+formations&rft.au=Xu%2C+Tianfu%3BApps%2C+John+A%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Tianfu&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=B2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JB001979 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; crust; diagenesis; fluid dynamics; global change; global warming; Gulf Coastal Plain; injection; kinetics; lower crust; marine sediments; mineral composition; numerical models; P-T conditions; porosity; precipitation; remediation; sedimentary rocks; sediments; sequestration; simulation; storage; transport; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002JB001979 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary 3-D site-scale studies of radioactive colloid transport in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51163812; 2003-018221 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is actively investigating the technical feasibility of permanent disposal of high-level nuclear waste in a repository to be situated in the unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain (YM), Nevada. In this study we investigate, by means of numerical simulation, the transport of radioactive colloids under ambient conditions from the potential repository horizon to the water table. The site hydrology and the effects of the spatial distribution of hydraulic and transport properties in the Yucca Mountain subsurface are considered. The study of migration and retardation of colloids accounts for the complex processes in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, and includes advection, diffusion, hydrodynamic dispersion, kinetic colloid filtration, colloid straining, and radioactive decay. The results of the study indicate that the most important factors affecting colloid transport are the subsurface geology and site hydrology, i.e., the presence of faults (they dominate and control transport), fractures (the main migration pathways), and the relative distribution of zeolitic and vitric tuffs. The transport of colloids is strongly influenced by their size (as it affects diffusion into the matrix, straining at hydrogeologic unit interfaces, and transport velocity) and by the parameters of the kinetic-filtration model used for the simulations. Arrival times at the water table decrease with an increasing colloid size because of smaller diffusion, increased straining, and higher transport velocities. The importance of diffusion as a retardation mechanism increases with a decreasing colloid size, but appears to be minimal in large colloids. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Moridis, G J AU - Hu, Q AU - Wu, Y S AU - Bodvarsson, G S Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 251 EP - 286 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 60 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - radioactive decay KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - filtration KW - Yucca Mountain KW - kinetics KW - Nevada KW - diffusivity KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - colloidal materials KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - matrix KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - preventive measures KW - aquifers KW - models KW - vadose zone KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51163812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Preliminary+3-D+site-scale+studies+of+radioactive+colloid+transport+in+the+unsaturated+zone+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Moridis%2C+G+J%3BHu%2C+Q%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; colloidal materials; concentration; diffusivity; environmental analysis; filtration; fractures; ground water; high-level waste; isotopes; kinetics; matrix; migration of elements; models; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; pollution; porous materials; preventive measures; radioactive decay; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; site exploration; three-dimensional models; transport; underground disposal; underground installations; United States; unsaturated zone; vadose zone; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of hydromechanical coupling in fractured rock engineering AN - 19198116; 5747762 AB - This paper provides a review of hydromechanical (HM) couplings in fractured rock, with special emphasis on HM interactions as a result of, or directly connected with human activities. In the early 1960s, the coupling between hydraulic and mechanical processes in fractured rock started to receive wide attention. A series of events including dam failures, landslides, and injection- induced earthquakes were believed to result from HM interaction. Moreover, the advent of the computer technology in the 1970s made possible the integration of nonlinear processes such as stress-permeability coupling and rock mass failure into coupled HM analysis. Coupled HM analysis is currently being applied to many geological engineering practices. One key parameter in such analyses is a good estimate of the relationship between stress and permeability. Based on available laboratory and field data, it was found that the permeability of fractured rock masses tends to be most sensitive to stress changes at shallow depth (low stress) and in areas of low in-situ permeability. In highly permeable, fractured rock sections, fluid flow may take place in clusters of connected fractures which are locked open as a result of previous shear dislocation or partial cementation of hard mineral filling. Such locked-open fractures tend to be relatively insensitive to stress and may therefore be conductive at great depths. Because of the great variability of HM properties in fractured rock, and the difficulties in using laboratory data for deriving in-situ material properties, the HM properties of fractured rock masses are best characterized in situ.Original Abstract: Ce papier passe en revue les couplages hydromecaniques (HM) dans les roches fracturees, en mettant tout specialement l'accent sur les interactions HM resultant de ou directement connectees a des activites humaines. Au debut des annees soixante, on a commence a vraiment s'interesser au couplage entre les processus hydrauliques et mecaniques dans les roches fracturees. Une serie d'evenements, dont des ruptures de barrages, des glissements de terrain et des seismes induits par des injections, a ete envisagee comme la consequence d'interactions HM. En outre, l'emergence de la technologie des ordinateurs dans les annees soixante-dix a rendu possible l'integration de processus non lineaires tels que le couplage contrainte-permeabilite et la rupture d'un massif rocheux dans l'analyse HM couplee. L'analyse HM couplee est couramment realisee dans de nombreuses applications en geologie de l'ingenieur. Un parametre cle dans une telle analyse est une bonne estimation de la relation entre la contrainte et la permeabilite. A partir de donnees disponibles de laboratoire et de terrain, on a trouve que la permeabilite de massifs de roches fracturees tend a etre plus sensible aux changements de contrainte a faible profondeur (faible contrainte) et dans les regions de faible permeabilite in situ. Dans les sections tres permeables des roches fracturees, l'ecoulement du fluide peut prendre place dans des zones de fractures connectees qui sont maintenues ouvertes du fait de la dislocation initiale par cisaillement ou de la cimentation partielle du remplissage mineral indure. de telles fractures maintenues ouvertes tendent a etre relativement insensibles a la contrainte et peuvent alors etre conductives a grandes profondeurs. Cependant, ce papier met en avant la grande variabilite des proprietes HM en roches fracturees et les difficultes a utiliser les donnees de laboratoire pour en deduire les proprietes in situ du materiau. A cause des difficultes telles que les proprietes dependant de la dimension, des desordres dans l'echantillon et un echantillonnage non representatif, les proprietes HM des massifs de roches fracturees sont mieux caracterisees in situ. Additional abstract: el presente articulo revisa los acoplamientos hidromecanicos en rocas fracturadas, haciendo enfasis en las interacciones hidromecanicas resultantes o directamente relacionadas con las actividades antropicas. A comienzos de los anos sesenta, el acoplamiento entre los procesos hidraulicos y los mecanicos en rocas fracturadas comenzo a ser tenido en cuenta de forma generalizada. Una serie de sucesos, incluyendo roturas de presas, deslizamientos de terreno y terremotos inducidos por inyeccion, fueron considerados como una consecuencia de las interacciones hidromecanicas. Despues, la introduccion de los computadores hacia los setenta permitio la integracion de procesos no-lineales, tales como el acoplamiento esfuerzos- permeabilidad y el fallo de la matriz rocosa, en analisis hidromecanicos acoplados. Este tipo de analisis se aplica actualmente a muchos estudios de ingenieria geologica. Un parametro clave para ello es la correcta estimacion de la relacion entre esfuerzos y permeabilidad. Basandose en datos disponibles de laboratorio y de campo, se ha deducido que la permeabilidad de las rocas fracturadas es fundamentalmente sensible a cambios de la tension a profundidades someras (baja tension) y en areas de permeabilidad baja. En secciones de rocas fracturadas muy permeables, el flujo de fluidos puede tener lugar en grupos de fracturas interconectadas que estan abiertas como resultado de cizallas previas por dislocacion o por cementacion parcial del relleno mineral. Estas fracturas abiertas tienden a ser relativamente insensibles a la tension y pueden por tanto ser conductivas a grandes profundidades. Sin embargo, este articulo pretende destacar la gran variabilidad de las propiedades hidromecanicas en rocas fracturadas, y las dificultades asociadas al uso de datos de laboratorio para estimar propiedades de campo de los materiales. Debido a problemas como la dependencia de las variables con el tamano, las alteraciones de muestras y el muestreo no representativo, las propiedades hidromecanicas de las rocas fracturadas se caracterizan mejor in situ. JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Stephansson, O AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, MS 90-1116, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - February 2003 SP - 7 EP - 40 PB - Springer-Verlag (New York), P.O. Box 2485 Secaucus NJ 07096-2485 USA, [mailto:orders@springer-ny.com], [URL:http://www.springer-ny.com/] VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fractured rocks KW - Mechanical KW - Hydromechanical coupling KW - Stress KW - Permeability KW - Earthquakes KW - Shear KW - Hydraulics KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Variability KW - Fluid Flow KW - Laboratories KW - Computers KW - Dam Failure KW - Fracture Permeability KW - Landslides KW - Civil Engineering KW - Rocks KW - Reviews KW - Geohydrology KW - SW 6050:Rock mechanics and geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19198116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=The+role+of+hydromechanical+coupling+in+fractured+rock+engineering&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+J%3BStephansson%2C+O&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shear; Earthquakes; Geologic Fractures; Hydraulics; Variability; Fluid Flow; Computers; Laboratories; Stress; Dam Failure; Fracture Permeability; Landslides; Permeability; Civil Engineering; Rocks; Reviews; Geohydrology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk transfer via energy-savings insurance AN - 18563264; 5538784 AB - Among the key barriers to investment in energy efficiency are uncertainties about attaining projected energy savings and potential disputes over stipulated savings. The fields of energy management and risk management are thus intertwined. While many technical methods have emerged to manage performance risks (e.g. building diagnostics and commissioning), financial methods are less developed in the energy management arena than in other segments of the economy. Energy-savings insurance (ESI)-formal insurance of predicted energy savings-transfers and spreads both types of risk over a larger pool of energy efficiency projects and reduces barriers to market entry of smaller energy service firms who lack sufficiently strong balance sheets to self-insure the savings. ESI encourages those implementing energy-saving projects to go beyond standard measures and thereby achieve more significant levels of energy savings. Insurance providers are proponents of improved savings measurement and verification techniques, as well as maintenance, thereby contributing to national energy-saving objectives. If properly applied, ESI can potentially reduce the net cost of energy-saving projects by reducing the interest rates charged by lenders, and by increasing the level of savings through quality control. Governmental agencies have been pioneers in the use of ESI and could continue to play a role. JF - Energy Policy AU - Mills, E AD - Energy Analysis Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 273 EP - 281 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - investments KW - risk transfer KW - uncertainty KW - Risk Abstracts KW - R2 23070:Economics, organization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18563264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Risk+transfer+via+energy-savings+insurance&rft.au=Mills%2C+E&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0301-4215%2802%2900040-X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00040-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International greenhouse gas trading programs: a discussion of measurement and accounting issues AN - 16151640; 5538783 AB - There is general scientific consensus that global warming is occurring and that this results from human activities, primarily burning fossil fuels. There is also a growing international consensus that the most cost-effective way to slow global warming is to establish international climate change trading programs that let institutions sell greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions in an international trading program. A well designed international GHG trading program could save billions or tens of billions of dollars and could result in a more rapid transfer of cleaner, more modern energy generating, transmitting and using technologies to developing nations. Establishing an international GHG trading program will require the development of international consensus rules on how to value and credit investments, for example in energy efficiency, that result in reduced emissions of greenhouse gases. Such a program would require the development of an international technical agreement on how to value emissions reductions attributed to energy-efficiency investments that reflect realistic estimates of future energy savings-and emissions reductions-that come from those investments. This paper examines five possible approaches for valuing energy savings which might serve as the basis for an international agreement, discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each approach, and discusses lessons learned from conducting this evaluation process. JF - Energy Policy AU - Vine, E AU - Kats, G AU - Sathaye, J AU - Joshi, H AD - Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technical Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Building 90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-2000, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2003/02// PY - 2003 DA - Feb 2003 SP - 211 EP - 224 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Emissions trading KW - Fossil fuels KW - Environmental accounting KW - Climatic changes KW - Global warming KW - Greenhouse gases KW - International agreements KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - M3 1030:Environmental Law, Conventions, & Policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16151640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=International+greenhouse+gas+trading+programs%3A+a+discussion+of+measurement+and+accounting+issues&rft.au=Vine%2C+E%3BKats%2C+G%3BSathaye%2C+J%3BJoshi%2C+H&rft.aulast=Vine&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2003-02-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0301-4215%2802%2900029-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fossil fuels; Emissions trading; Environmental accounting; Climatic changes; Global warming; Greenhouse gases; International agreements DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00029-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling caldera unrest; geochemical variations and ground deformation at Phlegrean Fields Caldera (Italy) AN - 928891739; 2012-028828 JF - International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics General Assembly = Union Geodesique et Geophysique Internationale Comptes Rendus de la ...Assemblee Generale AU - Todesco, Micol AU - Chiodini, Giovanni AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1 PB - IUGG, [location varies] VL - 2003, Week 1 KW - Phlegraean Fields KW - uplifts KW - subsidence KW - La Solfatara KW - fluid phase KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - carbon dioxide KW - volcanic features KW - seismicity KW - pore pressure KW - Monte Nuovo KW - chemical composition KW - degassing KW - water KW - deformation KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - Campania Italy KW - models KW - calderas KW - eruptions KW - volcanoes KW - magma chambers KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/928891739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Union+of+Geodesy+and+Geophysics+General+Assembly+%3D+Union+Geodesique+et+Geophysique+Internationale+Comptes+Rendus+de+la+...Assemblee+Generale&rft.atitle=Modelling+caldera+unrest%3B+geochemical+variations+and+ground+deformation+at+Phlegrean+Fields+Caldera+%28Italy%29&rft.au=Todesco%2C+Micol%3BChiodini%2C+Giovanni%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Todesco&rft.aufirst=Micol&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003%2C+Week+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=A523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Union+of+Geodesy+and+Geophysics+General+Assembly+%3D+Union+Geodesique+et+Geophysique+Internationale+Comptes+Rendus+de+la+...Assemblee+Generale&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - IUGG 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - IGABAX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calderas; Campania Italy; carbon dioxide; chemical composition; deformation; degassing; eruptions; Europe; fluid phase; hydrothermal conditions; Italy; La Solfatara; magma chambers; models; Monte Nuovo; Phlegraean Fields; pore pressure; seismicity; Southern Europe; subsidence; uplifts; volcanic features; volcanoes; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using TOUGHREACT to model reactive fluid flow and geothermal transport in hydrothermal systems AN - 881451980; 2011-065476 AB - The interaction between hydrothermal fluids and the rocks through which they migrate alters the earlier formed primary minerals and leads to the formation of secondary minerals, resulting in changes in the physical and chemical properties of the system. We have developed a comprehensive numerical simulator, TOUGHREACT, which considers non-isothermal multi-component chemical transport in both liquid and gas phases. A variety of subsurface thermo-physical-chemical processes is considered under a wide range of conditions of pressure, temperature, water saturation, and ionic strength. The code can be applied to problems in fundamental analysis of the hydrothermal systems and in the exploration of geothermal reservoirs including chemical evolution, mineral alteration, mineral scaling, changes of porosity and permeability, and mineral recovery from geothermal fluids. JF - Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Sonnenthal, Eric AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Gutierrez-Puente, Hector AU - Garg, Sabodh K Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 817 EP - 823 PB - GRC - Geothermal Resources Council, Davis, CA VL - 27 SN - 0193-5933, 0193-5933 KW - geothermal wells KW - data processing KW - fluid phase KW - metasomatism KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - mineral composition KW - geothermal systems KW - transport KW - silica KW - movement KW - chemical properties KW - TOUGHREACT KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - hydrology KW - amorphous materials KW - injection KW - equations KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - mathematical methods KW - brines KW - reservoir properties KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881451980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.atitle=Using+TOUGHREACT+to+model+reactive+fluid+flow+and+geothermal+transport+in+hydrothermal+systems&rft.au=Xu%2C+Tianfu%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BGutierrez-Puente%2C+Hector%3BGarg%2C+Sabodh+K&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Tianfu&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=&rft.spage=817&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.issn=01935933&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geothermal resources council, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; brines; chemical composition; chemical properties; data processing; equations; fluid phase; geochemistry; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; geothermal systems; geothermal wells; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrology; hydrothermal alteration; injection; mathematical methods; metasomatism; mineral composition; models; movement; pH; reactivity; reservoir properties; silica; TOUGHREACT; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of reservoir processes on gas in Cerro Prieto steam AN - 881451251; 2011-065404 AB - Changes in CO (sub 2) content and N (sub 2) /Ar in steam produced by wells from the eastern parts of the Cerro Prieto, Mexico, geothermal field were studied to determine the influence of various reservoir processes on the steam gases. Geothermal brines in the upthrown reservoir block to the NE of the trace of the major normal Fault H underwent intensive boiling when the installed generating capacity in the field was increased from 180 to 620 MW. In these areas of boiling, production enthalpy increased greatly and CO (sub 2) content in steam increased two to three times. N (sub 2) /Ar ratios remained near that of air-saturated surface waters but were lower in areas where boiling decreased and where production was from gas-depleted brines residual to boiling. Newly drilled deeper wells also produced steam low in gas and in N (sub 2) /Ar ratios, suggesting that these zones were also affected by boiling and gas loss. Injection of highly evaporated, air-equilibrated brine in the SW of the field seemed to have little effect on the gases in the steam. There is evidence of a 1990 short-term high N (sub 2) /Ar anomaly in the eastern part of the field possibly from injection of air with the residual brine, and evidence that in 1995 and 1996 the NE of the field produced steam with much higher N (sub 2) /Ar, perhaps reflecting a bubble of altered magmatic gas that entered the system at depth. JF - Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council AU - Truesdell, A H AU - Lippmann, M J AU - Rodriguez, M H AU - Perez, A AU - Gutierrez-Puente, Hector AU - Garg, Sabodh K Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 335 EP - 340 PB - GRC - Geothermal Resources Council, Davis, CA VL - 27 SN - 0193-5933, 0193-5933 KW - geothermal wells KW - water vapor KW - mapping KW - fluid phase KW - metasomatism KW - reservoir rocks KW - exploration KW - Colorado River KW - fluid injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - volcanism KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - chemical ratios KW - faults KW - systems KW - magmatism KW - structural controls KW - hydrochemistry KW - gases KW - Cerro Prieto Field KW - geothermal energy KW - provenance KW - geothermal fields KW - Mexico KW - boiling KW - San Andreas Fault KW - brines KW - Baja California Mexico KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881451251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.atitle=Influence+of+reservoir+processes+on+gas+in+Cerro+Prieto+steam&rft.au=Truesdell%2C+A+H%3BLippmann%2C+M+J%3BRodriguez%2C+M+H%3BPerez%2C+A%3BGutierrez-Puente%2C+Hector%3BGarg%2C+Sabodh+K&rft.aulast=Truesdell&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.issn=01935933&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geothermal resources council, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Baja California Mexico; boiling; brines; Cerro Prieto Field; chemical composition; chemical ratios; Colorado River; exploration; faults; fluid injection; fluid phase; gases; geochemistry; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal wells; hydrochemistry; hydrothermal alteration; magmatism; mapping; metasomatism; Mexico; provenance; reservoir rocks; San Andreas Fault; sedimentary rocks; structural controls; systems; volcanism; water vapor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic methods for resource exploration in enhanced geothermal systems AN - 881450353; 2011-065386 AB - A finite-difference modeling study of seismic wave propagation was conducted to determine how to best investigate subsurface faults and fracture zones in geothermal areas. The numerical model was created based on results from a previous seismic reflection experiment. A suite of fault models was investigated including blind faults and faults with surface expressions. The seismic data suggest that blind faults can be detected by a sudden attenuation of seismic wave amplitudes, as long the fault is located below the receiver array. Additionally, a conversion from P- to S-waves indicates the reflection and refraction of the P-waves while propagating across the fault. The drop in amplitudes and the excitation of S-waves can be used to estimate the location of the fault at depth. The accuracy of the numerical modeling depends on the availability of a priori in situ information (velocity and density) from borehole experiments in the geothermal area. JF - Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council AU - Gritto, Roland AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Gutierrez-Puente, Hector AU - Garg, Sabodh K Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 223 EP - 226 PB - GRC - Geothermal Resources Council, Davis, CA VL - 27 SN - 0193-5933, 0193-5933 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - geophysical surveys KW - finite difference analysis KW - elastic waves KW - exploration KW - fractures KW - Rye Patch Field KW - geothermal systems KW - energy sources KW - propagation KW - Nevada KW - faults KW - body waves KW - numerical models KW - geophysical methods KW - structural controls KW - deformation KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - surveys KW - seismic waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881450353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.atitle=Seismic+methods+for+resource+exploration+in+enhanced+geothermal+systems&rft.au=Gritto%2C+Roland%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BGutierrez-Puente%2C+Hector%3BGarg%2C+Sabodh+K&rft.aulast=Gritto&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.issn=01935933&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geothermal resources council, 2003 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; deformation; elastic waves; energy sources; exploration; faults; finite difference analysis; fractures; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; models; Nevada; numerical models; P-waves; propagation; Rye Patch Field; seismic methods; seismic waves; structural controls; surveys; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three dimensional interpretation for single-hole electromagnetic data AN - 849005248; 2011-015537 JF - International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics General Assembly = Union Geodesique et Geophysique Internationale Comptes Rendus de la ...Assemblee Generale AU - Tseng, Hung-Wen AU - Lee, Ki Ha AU - Wilt, Michael J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1 PB - IUGG, [location varies] VL - 2003, WEEK 1 KW - electrical conductivity KW - electrical logging KW - three-dimensional models KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical field KW - magnetic field KW - boreholes KW - electromagnetic methods KW - Born approximation KW - interpretation KW - electromagnetic induction KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/849005248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Union+of+Geodesy+and+Geophysics+General+Assembly+%3D+Union+Geodesique+et+Geophysique+Internationale+Comptes+Rendus+de+la+...Assemblee+Generale&rft.atitle=Three+dimensional+interpretation+for+single-hole+electromagnetic+data&rft.au=Tseng%2C+Hung-Wen%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha%3BWilt%2C+Michael+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tseng&rft.aufirst=Hung-Wen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003%2C+WEEK+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=A280&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Union+of+Geodesy+and+Geophysics+General+Assembly+%3D+Union+Geodesique+et+Geophysique+Internationale+Comptes+Rendus+de+la+...Assemblee+Generale&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - IUGG 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - IGABAX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; Born approximation; electrical conductivity; electrical field; electrical logging; electromagnetic induction; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; interpretation; magnetic field; three-dimensional models; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Octadentate hydroxypyridinonate (HOPO) ligands for plutonium (i.v.): pharmacokinetics and oral efficacy. AN - 75735048; 14527018 AB - Linear octadentate spermine based 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) and the mixed ligand, 3,4,3-LI(1,2-Me-3,2-HOPO), are the most effective agents for decorporation of Pu prepared so far; they are effective at low dosage, orally active, and of low toxicity at effective injected dosage. Their pharmacological properties are favourable for in vivo Pu chelation--penetration of extracellular water, useful residence in the circulation, substantial hepato-biliary excretion, low but useful GI absorption, and transitory residence in the kidneys. Reductions of body Pu were significant, compared with controls, when oral administration to normally fed mice (30 or 100 micromol kg(-1)) was delayed as long as 24 h after i.v. Pu injection. The HOPO ligands (10-100 micromol kg(-1)) or CaNa3-DTPA (100 or 300 micromol kg(-1)) were given orally to normally fed mice starting at 4 h after an i.v. Pu injection and continued 5 d per week for 3 weeks. 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) (100 micromol kg(-1)) reduced Pu in skeleton, liver, and body, to 44 +/- 9, 18 +/- 8, and 38 +/- 7% of controls, respectively, reductions significantly greater than with the mixed HOPO ligand or with three times more CaNa3-DTPA. JF - Radiation protection dosimetry AU - Durbin, P W AU - Kullgren, B AU - Xu, J AU - Raymond, K N AU - Hengé-Napoli, M H AU - Bailly, T AU - Burgada, R AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. PWDurbin-Heavey@LBL.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 503 EP - 508 VL - 105 IS - 1-4 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Chelating Agents KW - 0 KW - Ligands KW - Pyridines KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Chelating Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Animals KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Body Burden KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Organ Specificity KW - Mice KW - Feces -- chemistry KW - Plutonium -- pharmacokinetics KW - Pyridines -- administration & dosage KW - Whole-Body Counting -- methods KW - Plutonium -- administration & dosage KW - Digestive System -- metabolism KW - Plutonium -- urine KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Bone and Bones -- metabolism KW - Pyridines -- pharmacology KW - Plutonium -- analysis KW - Chelation Therapy -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75735048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.atitle=Octadentate+hydroxypyridinonate+%28HOPO%29+ligands+for+plutonium+%28i.v.%29%3A+pharmacokinetics+and+oral+efficacy.&rft.au=Durbin%2C+P+W%3BKullgren%2C+B%3BXu%2C+J%3BRaymond%2C+K+N%3BHeng%C3%A9-Napoli%2C+M+H%3BBailly%2C+T%3BBurgada%2C+R&rft.aulast=Durbin&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+protection+dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-12-05 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling of seepage into underground storage in a heterogeneous materials; a sensitivity study of media parameters AN - 742925868; 2010-058535 AB - The amount of water seeping into the waste emplacement underground openings is an important issue for the long-term performance of any underground waste repository. Seepage controls the corrosion rates of waste packages, the waste mobilization rates and transport rates of contaminant leaving the underground openings. Predicting the seepage rate is difficult under any circumstances, and is particularly complicated for repository sites located in unsaturated, heterogeneous media. In this study, a 3-D numerical model is used to study unsaturated flow and seepage through a heterogeneous medium into the underground openings with strongly variable parameters and boundary conditions. The model has been compared with homogeneous model. The seepage rate into the underground openings increases with an increase in percolation flux introduced into the system Four parameters, (1) fracture continuum permeability, (2) Van Genuchten parameter a, (3) spatial correlation length and (4) standard deviation o, are chosen to measure permeability-field heterogeneity. Based on a stochastically realized permeability distribution, the authors scale the mean permeability to study its effect on seepage into under-ground openings. For a chosen percolation flux, the seepage rate into the underground openings was reduced as the Van Genuchten parameter a decreased. Simulation results show that the seepage into the underground openings is sensitive to the mean permeability, with seepage rate decreasing as the mean permeability increased. Simulation results indicate that the seepage is also very sensitive to the correlation length and standard deviation of the heterogeneous field. JF - Earth Science. Journal of China University of Geoscience AU - Li, Guomin AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 497 EP - 504 PB - China University of Geoscience, Wuhan VL - 28 IS - 5 SN - 1000-2383, 1000-2383 KW - numerical models KW - underground storage KW - three-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - standard deviation KW - waste disposal sites KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - heterogeneous materials KW - sensitivity analysis KW - movement KW - van Genuchten parameter KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - mass transfer KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742925868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Science.+Journal+of+China+University+of+Geoscience&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+of+seepage+into+underground+storage+in+a+heterogeneous+materials%3B+a+sensitivity+study+of+media+parameters&rft.au=Li%2C+Guomin%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Guomin&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Science.+Journal+of+China+University+of+Geoscience&rft.issn=10002383&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; heterogeneous materials; mass transfer; movement; numerical models; permeability; seepage; sensitivity analysis; simulation; standard deviation; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models; underground installations; underground storage; van Genuchten parameter; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Id-1 is not expressed in the luminal epithelial cells of mammary glands. AN - 73083738; 12631395 AB - BACKGROUNDThe family of inhibitor of differentiation/DNA binding (Id) proteins is known to regulate development in several tissues. One member of this gene family, Id-1, has been implicated in mammary development and carcinogenesis. Mammary glands contain various cell types, among which the luminal epithelial cells are primarily targeted for proliferation, differentiation and carcinogenesis. Therefore, to assess the precise significance of Id-1 in mammary biology and carcinogenesis, we examined its cellular localization in vivo using immunohistochemistry.METHODSExtracts of whole mammary glands from wild type and Id-1 null mutant mice, and tissue sections from paraffin-embedded mouse mammary glands from various developmental stages and normal human breast were subjected to immunoblot and immunohistochemical analyses, respectively. In both these procedures, an anti-Id-1 rabbit polyclonal antibody was used for detection of Id-1.RESULTSIn immunoblot analyses, using whole mammary gland extracts, Id-1 was detected. In immunohistochemical analyses, however, Id-1 was not detected in the luminal epithelial cells of mammary glands during any stage of development, but it was detected in vascular endothelial cells.CONCLUSIONId-1 is not expressed in the luminal epithelial cells of mammary glands. JF - Breast cancer research : BCR AU - Uehara, Norihisa AU - Chou, Yu-Chien AU - Galvez, Jose J AU - de-Candia, Paola AU - Cardiff, Robert D AU - Benezra, Robert AU - Shyamala, Gopalan AD - Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, USA. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - R25 EP - R29 VL - 5 IS - 2 KW - Idb1 protein, mouse KW - 0 KW - Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1 KW - Repressor Proteins KW - Transcription Factors KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Antibody Specificity KW - Animals KW - Mice, Mutant Strains KW - Blotting, Western KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Epithelial Cells -- cytology KW - Epithelial Cells -- chemistry KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- chemistry KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/73083738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Breast+cancer+research+%3A+BCR&rft.atitle=Id-1+is+not+expressed+in+the+luminal+epithelial+cells+of+mammary+glands.&rft.au=Uehara%2C+Norihisa%3BChou%2C+Yu-Chien%3BGalvez%2C+Jose+J%3Bde-Candia%2C+Paola%3BCardiff%2C+Robert+D%3BBenezra%2C+Robert%3BShyamala%2C+Gopalan&rft.aulast=Uehara&rft.aufirst=Norihisa&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=R25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Breast+cancer+research+%3A+BCR&rft.issn=1465-542X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2003-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 1999 Oct 14;401(6754):670-7 [10537105] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Oct 26;96(22):12589-94 [10535966] Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 1;60(5):1332-40 [10728695] J Cell Sci. 2000 Nov;113 ( Pt 22):3897-905 [11058077] EMBO J. 2000 Nov 1;19(21):5772-81 [11060028] Breast Cancer Res. 2001;3(1):1-4 [11250738] J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 1999 Jan;4(1):89-104 [10219909] Cancer Res. 2001 Dec 15;61(24):8803-10 [11751402] Dev Biol. 1983 Jun;97(2):274-90 [6852366] Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Jun;15(6):3398-404 [7760836] Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Dec;17(12):7317-27 [9372963] Cell Growth Differ. 1998 Dec;9(12):1015-24 [9869302] Cancer Res. 1999 Apr 1;59(7 Suppl):1726s-1730s [10197587] J Biol Chem. 2001 Oct 19;276(42):39213-9 [11498533] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Department of Defense Era of Hope meeting, Orlando, Florida, USA, 25-28 September 2002. AN - 72984329; 12559047 AB - The Era of Hope meeting addressed with a multidisciplinary approach the most critical issues in breast carcinogenesis. The issues that we summarize here include: a) the use of rodent models for the study of mammary gland development and breast tumorigenesis; b) the effects of stroma on mammary epithelial differentiation and malignant transformation; c) a further characterization of the interactions between steroid and growth factor receptors; d) the improvement of technologies for early detection of breast tumors and the establishment of their progression; and e) the development of vaccines as potential new therapies against specific tumor markers. JF - Breast cancer research : BCR AU - Novaro, Virginia AU - Bascom, Jamie L AU - Liu, Hong AU - Mott, Joni D Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 53 EP - 56 VL - 5 IS - 1 KW - Cancer Vaccines KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - DNA Repair KW - Humans KW - Cancer Vaccines -- therapeutic use KW - Breast -- pathology KW - Neovascularization, Pathologic -- pathology KW - Female KW - Breast Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Breast Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Breast Neoplasms -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72984329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Breast+cancer+research+%3A+BCR&rft.atitle=Department+of+Defense+Era+of+Hope+meeting%2C+Orlando%2C+Florida%2C+USA%2C+25-28+September+2002.&rft.au=Novaro%2C+Virginia%3BBascom%2C+Jamie+L%3BLiu%2C+Hong%3BMott%2C+Joni+D&rft.aulast=Novaro&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Breast+cancer+research+%3A+BCR&rft.issn=1465-542X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Feb 16;281(1):126-30 [11178970] Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2001 Jun;5(3):308-13 [11479123] Oncogene. 2001 Sep 6;20(39):5420-30 [11571639] Clin Breast Cancer. 2001 Apr;2(1):73-9 [11899386] Cancer Cell. 2002 Sep;2(3):205-16 [12242153] Genes Dev. 2002 Mar 15;16(6):693-706 [11914275] Dev Biol. 2002 May 1;245(1):42-56 [11969254] Nat Struct Biol. 2002 May;9(5):359-64 [11953755] Endocr Relat Cancer. 2002 Mar;9(1):33-44 [11914181] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated analysis of 13C/12C ratios in CO2 and dissolved inorganic carbon for ecological and environmental applications. AN - 71428519; 14648907 AB - Stable carbon isotope ratios (13C/12C) are a valuable tool for studying a wide range of environmental processes, including carbon cycling and subsurface microbial activity. Recent advances in automated analysis provide the opportunity to increase greatly the ease and consistency of isotopic analysis. This study evaluated an automated headspace sampler linked to a commercially available CO2 preconcentration system and continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Field sampling and analysis methods are illustrated for delta13C of soil respired CO2, from both tracer and natural abundance experiments, and dissolved inorganic carbon from contaminated groundwater. The automated system demonstrated accuracy, precision, and linearity, with standard errors below 0.1 per thousand for replicate gas standards run at concentrations varying five-fold. It measured 40 samples per 10-hour run, with concentrations ranging from ppb to percentage levels. In the field, gas samples were injected into nitrogen-filled autosampler vials, thereby allowing use of small sample volumes, control of analyte concentration, and direct analysis by the automated system with no further preparation. A significant linear relationship between standard concentrations and peak area allows for accurate estimates of sample CO2 concentration from the mass spectrometric data. The ability to analyze multiple small-volume samples with minimal off-line preparation should enhance the application of isotopes to well-replicated field experiments for process-level studies and spatial and temporal scaling. JF - Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Davis, Simon AU - Bird, Jeffrey A AU - Shaw, M Rebecca AU - Conrad, Mark E AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, ms 90-1116, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. mstorn@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 2675 EP - 2682 VL - 17 IS - 23 SN - 0951-4198, 0951-4198 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carbon Isotopes KW - Carbon Radioisotopes KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Gases KW - Soil KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Water -- analysis KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Gases -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Carbon Radioisotopes -- analysis KW - Reference Standards KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Carbon Isotopes -- analysis KW - Calibration KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Carbon -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71428519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rapid+communications+in+mass+spectrometry+%3A+RCM&rft.atitle=Automated+analysis+of+13C%2F12C+ratios+in+CO2+and+dissolved+inorganic+carbon+for+ecological+and+environmental+applications.&rft.au=Torn%2C+Margaret+S%3BDavis%2C+Simon%3BBird%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BShaw%2C+M+Rebecca%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=2675&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rapid+communications+in+mass+spectrometry+%3A+RCM&rft.issn=09514198&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Determination of unsaturated flow paths in a 2-D randomly distributed fracture network AN - 51895776; 2004-011153 AB - We present a numerical investigation of steady-state flow paths in a two-dimensional, unsaturated discrete-fracture network. The fracture network is constructed using field measurement data including fracture density, trace lengths, and orientations from a particular site. The fracture network with a size of 100 mX150 m contains more than 20,000 fractures. The steady state unsaturated flow in the fracture network is investigated for three different infiltration rates. Simulation results indicate that the flow paths are generally vertical, and horizontal fractures mainly provide pathways between neighboring vertical paths. The simulation results support that the average spacing between flow paths in a layered system tends to increase or flow becomes more focused with depth as long as flow is gravity driven (Liu et al. 2002). JF - Symposium on Groundwater quality modeling and management under uncertainty AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Liu, Hui-Hai A2 - Mishra, Srikanta Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA SN - 0784406960 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - tracers KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - welded tuff KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - two-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - recharge KW - Neogene KW - infiltration KW - steady-state processes KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51895776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Keni%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Keni&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0784406960&rft.btitle=Determination+of+unsaturated+flow+paths+in+a+2-D+randomly+distributed+fracture+network&rft.title=Determination+of+unsaturated+flow+paths+in+a+2-D+randomly+distributed+fracture+network&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Groundwater quality modeling and management under uncertainty N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heat tracing in the streambed along the Russian River of northern California AN - 51895774; 2004-011411 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Circular AU - Constantz, Jim E AU - Jasperse, James AU - Seymour, Donald AU - Su, Grace W Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 17 EP - 20 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1067-084X, 1067-084X KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water supply KW - stream sediments KW - Mendocino County California KW - rivers and streams KW - water management KW - Russian River KW - water balance KW - simulation KW - California KW - heat flow KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Sonoma County California KW - water resources KW - USGS KW - Northern California KW - fluvial environment KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51895774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.atitle=Heat+tracing+in+the+streambed+along+the+Russian+River+of+northern+California&rft.au=Constantz%2C+Jim+E%3BJasperse%2C+James%3BSeymour%2C+Donald%3BSu%2C+Grace+W&rft.aulast=Constantz&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=0607940719&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.issn=1067084X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1260/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XICIA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; fluvial environment; heat flow; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; Mendocino County California; Northern California; rivers and streams; Russian River; sediments; simulation; Sonoma County California; stream sediments; tracers; United States; USGS; water balance; water management; water resources; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A fast inversion method for interpreting borehole electromagnetic data AN - 51877481; 2004-021497 AB - A fast and stable inversion scheme has been developed using the localized nonlinear (LN) approximation to analyze electromagnetic fields obtained in a borehole. The medium is assumed to be cylindrically symmetric about the borehole, and to maintain the symmetry a vertical magnetic dipole is used as a source. The efficiency and robustness of an inversion scheme is very much dependent on the proper use of Lagrange multiplier, which is often provided manually to achieve a desired convergence. We utilize an automatic Lagrange multiplier selection scheme, which enhances the utility of the inversion scheme in handling field data. In this selection scheme, the integral equation (IE) method is quite attractive in speed because Green's Functions, the most time consuming part in IE methods, are repeatedly re-usable throughout the selection procedure. The inversion scheme using the LN approximation has been tested to show its stability and efficiency using synthetic and field data. The inverted result from the field data is successfully compared with induction logging data measured in the same borehole. JF - Earth, Planets and Space AU - Kim, Hee Joon AU - Lee, Ki Ha AU - Wilt, Michael Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 249 EP - 254 PB - Terra Scientific Publishing Company (TERRAPUB), Tokyo VL - 55 IS - 5 SN - 1343-8832, 1343-8832 KW - boreholes KW - well-logging KW - data processing KW - inverse problem KW - Green function KW - electromagnetic field KW - resistivity KW - electromagnetic logging KW - Lagrange multiplier KW - dipole moment KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51877481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth%2C+Planets+and+Space&rft.atitle=A+fast+inversion+method+for+interpreting+borehole+electromagnetic+data&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hee+Joon%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha%3BWilt%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Hee&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth%2C+Planets+and+Space&rft.issn=13438832&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2FBF03351755 L2 - http://www.terrapub.co.jp/journals/EPS/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; data processing; dipole moment; electromagnetic field; electromagnetic logging; Green function; inverse problem; Lagrange multiplier; resistivity; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/BF03351755 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of dry fractures on matrix diffusion in unsaturated fractured rocks AN - 51875355; 2004-022576 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Seol, Yongkoo AU - Liu, Hui Hai AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - diffusion KW - molecular diffusion KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - fractures KW - mathematical methods KW - dry fractures KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51875355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dry+fractures+on+matrix+diffusion+in+unsaturated+fractured+rocks&rft.au=Seol%2C+Yongkoo%3BLiu%2C+Hui+Hai%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S&rft.aulast=Seol&rft.aufirst=Yongkoo&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002GL016118 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; diffusion; dry fractures; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; mathematical methods; molecular diffusion; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; simulation; solute transport; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016118 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - High resolution imaging of crosshole data using waveform inversion and reverse-time imaging AN - 51834309; 2004-050852 JF - First Kyoto international symposium on Underground environment AU - Watanabe, Toshiki AU - Nihei, Kurt T AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Myer, Larry R A2 - Saito, Toshiaki A2 - Murata, Sumihiko Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - A.A. Balkema Publishers, Lisse SN - 9058095568 KW - tomography KW - rock masses KW - high-resolution methods KW - imagery KW - monitoring KW - guided waves KW - crosshole methods KW - inverse problem KW - elastic waves KW - waveforms KW - attenuation KW - physical properties KW - surface waves KW - Love waves KW - seismic waves KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51834309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Watanabe%2C+Toshiki%3BNihei%2C+Kurt+T%3BNakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BMyer%2C+Larry+R&rft.aulast=Watanabe&rft.aufirst=Toshiki&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9058095568&rft.btitle=High+resolution+imaging+of+crosshole+data+using+waveform+inversion+and+reverse-time+imaging&rft.title=High+resolution+imaging+of+crosshole+data+using+waveform+inversion+and+reverse-time+imaging&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - First Kyoto international symposium on Underground environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved process control through real-time measurement of mineral content AN - 51827987; 2004-052181 AB - In a highly collaborative research and development project with mining and university partners, sensors and data-analysis tools are being developed for rock-mass characterization and real-time measurement of mineral content. Determining mineralogy prior to mucking in an open-pit mine is important for routing the material to the appropriate processing stream. A possible alternative to lab assay of dust and cuttings obtained from drill holes is continuous on-line sampling and real-time x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. Results presented demonstrate that statistical analyses combined with XRF data can be employed to identify minerals and, possibly, different rock types. The objective is to create a detailed three-dimensional mineralogical map in real time that would improve downstream process efficiency. JF - Transactions of Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration AU - Tuerler, D AU - Karaca, M AU - Davis, W B AU - Giauque, R D AU - Hopkins, D Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 11 EP - 18 PB - Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, CO VL - 314 SN - 1075-8623, 1075-8623 KW - United States KW - rock masses KW - Morenci Mine KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - characterization KW - plutonic rocks KW - ore minerals KW - mineral composition KW - sampling KW - mining geology KW - metamorphic rocks KW - production control KW - copper ores KW - porphyry copper KW - Precambrian KW - schists KW - physicochemical properties KW - indicators KW - measurement KW - case studies KW - Arizona KW - quality control KW - metal ores KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51827987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+Society+for+Mining%2C+Metallurgy%2C+and+Exploration&rft.atitle=Improved+process+control+through+real-time+measurement+of+mineral+content&rft.au=Tuerler%2C+D%3BKaraca%2C+M%3BDavis%2C+W+B%3BGiauque%2C+R+D%3BHopkins%2C+D&rft.aulast=Tuerler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=314&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+Society+for+Mining%2C+Metallurgy%2C+and+Exploration&rft.issn=10758623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arizona; case studies; characterization; copper ores; granites; igneous rocks; indicators; measurement; metal ores; metamorphic rocks; mineral composition; mining geology; Morenci Mine; ore minerals; physicochemical properties; plutonic rocks; porphyry copper; Precambrian; production control; quality control; rock masses; sampling; schists; United States; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Special phase transformation and crystal growth pathways observed in nanoparticles AN - 51805538; 2004-067078 AB - Phase transformation and crystal growth in nanoparticles may happen via mechanisms distinct from those in bulk materials. We combine experimental studies of as-synthesized and hydrothermally coarsened titania (TiO (sub 2) ) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) with thermodynamic analysis, kinetic modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, synchrotron X-ray absorption and scattering, and UV-vis spectroscopy. At low temperatures, phase transformation in titania nanoparticles occurs predominantly via interface nucleation at particle-particle contacts. Coarsening and crystal growth of titania nanoparticles can be described using the Smoluchowski equation. Oriented attachment-based crystal growth was common in both hydrothermal solutions and under dry conditions. MD simulations predict large structural perturbations within very fine particles, and are consistent with experimental results showing that ligand binding and change in aggregation state can cause phase transformation without particle coarsening. Such phenomena affect surface reactivity, thus may have important roles in geochemical cycling. JF - Geochemical Transactions AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Zhang, Hengzhong AU - Huang, Feng AU - Finnegan, Michael P AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Banfield, Jillian F Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 20 EP - 27 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Division of Geochemistry VL - 4 IS - 4 SN - 1467-4866, 1467-4866 KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - sphalerite KW - phase transitions KW - crystal growth KW - bonding KW - ligands KW - titanium oxides KW - nucleation KW - fine-grained materials KW - oxides KW - molecular dynamics KW - transformations KW - sulfides KW - nanoparticles KW - electron microscopy KW - particles KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51805538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemical+Transactions&rft.atitle=Special+phase+transformation+and+crystal+growth+pathways+observed+in+nanoparticles&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BZhang%2C+Hengzhong%3BHuang%2C+Feng%3BFinnegan%2C+Michael+P%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemical+Transactions&rft.issn=14674866&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb309073f L2 - http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/Journals/GT/Index.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 3, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bonding; crystal growth; electron microscopy; fine-grained materials; ligands; molecular dynamics; nanoparticles; nucleation; oxides; particles; phase transitions; sphalerite; sulfides; titanium oxides; transformations; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b309073f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fracture quantification in naturally fractured gas reservoirs; research update AN - 51755429; 2005-014494 JF - GasTips AU - Majer, Ernest L Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 4 EP - 9 PB - Hart Publications for Gas Research Institute, Potomac, MD VL - 9 IS - 1 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - petroleum engineering KW - seismic profiles KW - geophysical surveys KW - natural gas KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - New Mexico KW - seismic methods KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - fractures KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - geophysical profiles KW - seismic waves KW - San Juan Basin KW - S-waves KW - anisotropy KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51755429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GasTips&rft.atitle=Fracture+quantification+in+naturally+fractured+gas+reservoirs%3B+research+update&rft.au=Majer%2C+Ernest+L&rft.aulast=Majer&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GasTips&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.netl.doe.gov/scngo/Reference%20Shelf/GasTIPS/GasTIPS.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map, sect. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04558 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; body waves; elastic waves; fractures; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; natural gas; New Mexico; P-waves; petroleum; petroleum engineering; reservoir properties; S-waves; San Juan Basin; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic waves; surveys; United States; vertical seismic profiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of buoyancy and pressure gradient on field-scale geological sequestration of CO (sub 2) in saline formations AN - 51693040; 2005-052845 AB - One limiting factor of CO (sub 2) sequestration capacity in saline formations is the buoyancy force acting on top and fault seals--thicker CO (sub 2) columns increase leak risk. Column height is governed by subsurface structure and plume migration behavior. To evaluate controls on capacity and long-term fate of sequestered CO2, 3-dimensional flow simulations using TOUGH2 code were run using generalized geologic models statistically representative of the high-permeability, Oligocene-age Frio Formation of the upper Texas Gulf Coast. All models included an initial injection phase followed by a "rest" period. Buoyancy and injection rate (lateral pressure gradient) dominate plume development. In cross section, CO (sub 2) injected at the base of a unit rises buoyantly to the top until it encounters a laterally continuous, low-permeability shale. Cross-section and map views of a model of dipping strata show that buoyancy creates minor, updip-biased plume asymmetry during injection. Following cessation of injection (and associated pressure gradient loss), the plume ceases any significant downdip movement and begins to migrate updip. Low residual gas saturation values (5%) have minor impact on updip plume migration, but moderate values (25-30%) cause rapid loss of mobile plume mass, significantly diminishing updip migration and countering buoyancy after moderately short migration distances. Buoyancy and residual saturation behavior are thus anticipated to play key roles in sequestration capacity and effectiveness in large-scale sequestration. Sequestration sites with nearly flat lying strata and high residual saturation values are likely to increase both capacity and effectiveness. Continued modeling will focus on regional-scale pressure buildup and plume migration in idealized Gulf Coast structures. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Knox, Paul R AU - Doughty, Christine A AU - Hovorka, Susan D AU - Chidsey, Thomas C, Jr Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 94 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists (AAPG), Tulsa, OK VL - 12 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - plumes KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - salinity KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - buoyancy KW - Cenozoic KW - thickness KW - faults KW - migration KW - pressure KW - three-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - injection KW - Frio Formation KW - Texas KW - Paleogene KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - models KW - computer programs KW - Tertiary KW - saturation KW - permeability KW - Oligocene KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51693040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+buoyancy+and+pressure+gradient+on+field-scale+geological+sequestration+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+saline+formations&rft.au=Knox%2C+Paul+R%3BDoughty%2C+Christine+A%3BHovorka%2C+Susan+D%3BChidsey%2C+Thomas+C%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Knox&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG annual convention with SEPM N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Available on compact disc and on paper N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buoyancy; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; computer programs; faults; Frio Formation; ground water; Gulf Coastal Plain; injection; migration; models; natural gas; Oligocene; Paleogene; permeability; petroleum; plumes; pressure; salinity; saturation; simulation; statistical analysis; Tertiary; Texas; thickness; three-dimensional models; TOUGH2; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous-phase diffusion in unsaturated geologic media; a review AN - 51683497; 2005-060491 JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Hu, Qinhong AU - Wang, Joseph S Y Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 275 EP - 297 PB - CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - water KW - soils KW - sorption KW - diffusion KW - agricultural waste KW - numerical models KW - contaminant plumes KW - clastic sediments KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - gravel KW - compactness KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - loam KW - transport KW - mathematical methods KW - sediments KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51683497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Aqueous-phase+diffusion+in+unsaturated+geologic+media%3B+a+review&rft.au=Hu%2C+Qinhong%3BWang%2C+Joseph+S+Y&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Qinhong&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10643389 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural waste; clastic sediments; compactness; contaminant plumes; diffusion; gravel; loam; mathematical methods; numerical models; pollution; porous materials; remediation; risk assessment; sediments; soils; sorption; temperature; transport; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feasibility of using biological degradation for the on-site treatment of mixed wastes AN - 51637558; 2006-012591 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Stringfellow, William T AU - Komada, Tatsuyuki AU - Chang, Li-Yang A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - soils KW - liquid chromatography KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - isotopes KW - physicochemical properties KW - landfills KW - pollution KW - tritium KW - radioactive waste KW - methanol KW - waste management KW - substrates KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - radioactive isotopes KW - hydrogen KW - alcohols KW - bioreactors KW - waste disposal KW - pH KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51637558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Feasibility+of+using+biological+degradation+for+the+on-site+treatment+of+mixed+wastes&rft.au=Stringfellow%2C+William+T%3BKomada%2C+Tatsuyuki%3BChang%2C+Li-Yang&rft.aulast=Stringfellow&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; biodegradation; bioreactors; degradation; hydrogen; isotopes; landfills; liquid chromatography; methanol; microorganisms; organic compounds; pH; physicochemical properties; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; soils; solvents; substrates; tritium; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioreduction of metal ions using synthetic electron shuttles AN - 51631293; 2006-012523 JF - International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium AU - Britton, Larry N AU - Mehlhorn, Rolf J AU - Torok, Tomas A2 - Magar, Victor S. A2 - Kelley, Mark E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Battelle, [varies] VL - 7 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - Jackson County Oklahoma KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - observation wells KW - bioavailability KW - ions KW - environmental analysis KW - iron KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - ethylene KW - decontamination KW - alkenes KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - pollutants KW - Altus Air Force Base KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - Oklahoma KW - metals KW - dechlorination KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51631293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.atitle=Bioreduction+of+metal+ions+using+synthetic+electron+shuttles&rft.au=Britton%2C+Larry+N%3BMehlhorn%2C+Rolf+J%3BTorok%2C+Tomas&rft.aulast=Britton&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1574771396&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+In+Situ+and+On-Site+Bioremediation+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06248 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; Altus Air Force Base; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bioavailability; biodegradation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; dechlorination; decontamination; dehalogenation; environmental analysis; ethylene; experimental studies; ferric iron; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; ions; iron; Jackson County Oklahoma; metals; military facilities; observation wells; Oklahoma; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; sulfate ion; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zn speciation in a soil contaminated by the deposition of a dredged sediment by synchrotron X-ray techniques AN - 51552984; 2006-069158 AB - The nature and proportion of Zn species present in an agricultural soil overlaid by a dredged contaminated sediment have been untangled by the novel combination of three non-invasive synchrotron-based x-ray techniques: x-ray microfluorescence (mu SXRF), microdiffraction (mu XRD), and absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS). One primary (franklinite) and two secondary (phyllomanganate and phyllosilicate) Zn-containing minerals were identified in the initial soil, and another primary (ZnS) and a new secondary (Fe-(oxyhydr)oxide) Zn species in the covered soil. The quantitative analysis of EXAFS spectra recorded on bulk samples indicated that ZnS and Zn-Fe (oxyhydr)oxides amounted to 71+ or -10% and 27+ or -10%, respectively, and the other Zn species to less than 10%. The two new Zn species found in the covered soil result from the gravitational migration of ZnS particles initially present in the sediment, and from their further oxidative dissolution and fixation of leached Zn on Fe (oxyhydr)oxides. JF - Journal de Physique. IV AU - Isaure, M P AU - Manceau, A AU - Laboudigue, A AU - Tamura, N AU - Marcus, M A A2 - Boutron, C. F. A2 - Ferrari, C. P. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 657 EP - 660 PB - EDP Sciences, Les Ulis VL - 107 SN - 1155-4339, 1155-4339 KW - zinc KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - techniques KW - Europe KW - France KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - depositional environment KW - smelting KW - soils KW - fixation KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - sphalerite KW - pollution KW - dredged materials KW - northern France KW - detection KW - metals KW - leaching KW - sulfides KW - land use KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51552984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+de+Physique.+IV&rft.atitle=Zn+speciation+in+a+soil+contaminated+by+the+deposition+of+a+dredged+sediment+by+synchrotron+X-ray+techniques&rft.au=Isaure%2C+M+P%3BManceau%2C+A%3BLaboudigue%2C+A%3BTamura%2C+N%3BMarcus%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Isaure&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=&rft.spage=657&rft.isbn=2868836836&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+de+Physique.+IV&rft.issn=11554339&rft_id=info:doi/10.1051%2Fjp4%3A20030389 L2 - http://www.edpsciences.org/journal/index.cfm?edpsname=jp4 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - XIIth international conference on Heavy metals in the environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JPQCAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical fractionation; depositional environment; detection; dredged materials; Europe; fixation; France; land use; leaching; metals; northern France; oxidation; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; sediments; smelting; soils; spectra; sphalerite; sulfides; techniques; Western Europe; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20030389 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation and mobility of Zn, Cu and Pb in a truck farming soil contaminated by sewage irrigation AN - 51551601; 2006-069164 AB - The forms and mobility of Cu (290 mg/kg), Zn (1103 mg/kg), and Pb (535 mg/kg) in a soil used for intensive truck farming from the Region Ile-de-France, and which has been irrigated for more than a century with sewage water from the city of Paris, have been studied by chemical treatments and advanced x-ray techniques. Elemental associations and forms of metals were determined qualitatively and quantitatively by a combination of physical techniques, including mu PIXE (Cu, Zn, Pb), mu SXRF (Cu, Zn), mu EXAFS (Zn) and powder EXAFS (Zn). The nature, number, and relative proportion of Zn species were obtained by principal component analysis and decomposition of Zn K-edge EXAFS spectra. These data collectively indicate that Cu is associated mainly with organic matter, and that Zn and Pb are bound essentially to mineral constituents. Four Zn-containing species were positively identified: Zn-phosphate and phyllosilicate as dominant species, and Zn-Fe oxyhydroxide and willemite (Zn (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) ) as minor species. Studies are underway to determine the structural forms of Cu and Pb. Depending on the chemical treatment, up to 70% Cu, approximately 50% Zn, and approximately 85% Pb can be removed in a few days with citrate and EDTA. Citrate is generally at least as efficient as EDTA, and it has the advantage of being easily biodegradable and, hence, less harmful to ecosystems. JF - Journal de Physique. IV AU - Kirpichtchikova, T AU - Manceau, A AU - Lanson, B AU - Marcus, M A AU - Jacquet, T A2 - Boutron, C. F. A2 - Ferrari, C. P. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 695 EP - 698 PB - EDP Sciences, Les Ulis VL - 107 SN - 1155-4339, 1155-4339 KW - zinc KW - fertilizers KW - copper KW - lead KW - Europe KW - ecosystems KW - bioavailability KW - irrigation KW - France KW - ligands KW - EDTA KW - carboxylic acids KW - water pollution KW - mobility KW - heavy metals KW - water use KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - Western Europe KW - sewage KW - recycling KW - pollution KW - phosphates KW - phosphate ion KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - Ile-de-France KW - land use KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51551601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+de+Physique.+IV&rft.atitle=Speciation+and+mobility+of+Zn%2C+Cu+and+Pb+in+a+truck+farming+soil+contaminated+by+sewage+irrigation&rft.au=Kirpichtchikova%2C+T%3BManceau%2C+A%3BLanson%2C+B%3BMarcus%2C+M+A%3BJacquet%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kirpichtchikova&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=&rft.spage=695&rft.isbn=2868836836&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+de+Physique.+IV&rft.issn=11554339&rft_id=info:doi/10.1051%2Fjp4%3A20030398 L2 - http://www.edpsciences.org/journal/index.cfm?edpsname=jp4 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - XIIth international conference on Heavy metals in the environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JPQCAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioavailability; biodegradation; carboxylic acids; chemical fractionation; copper; dissolved materials; ecosystems; EDTA; Europe; fertilizers; France; heavy metals; Ile-de-France; irrigation; land use; lead; ligands; metals; mobility; organic acids; organic compounds; phosphate ion; phosphates; pollution; recycling; sewage; soils; water pollution; water use; Western Europe; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20030398 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated approach to assessing seismic stimulation of oil reservoirs; DOE/industry cooperative research AN - 51436743; 2007-053987 JF - Abstracts - AAPG Mid-Continent Section Meeting AU - Roberts, Peter M AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Mid-Continent Section, Tulsa, OK VL - 2003 KW - programs KW - petroleum KW - enhanced recovery KW - elastic waves KW - effects KW - current research KW - seismic waves KW - production KW - oil and gas fields KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51436743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Mid-Continent+Section+Meeting&rft.atitle=An+integrated+approach+to+assessing+seismic+stimulation+of+oil+reservoirs%3B+DOE%2Findustry+cooperative+research&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Peter+M%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2003&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+AAPG+Mid-Continent+Section+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.searchanddiscovery.net/abstracts/pdf/2003/midcon/abs/ndx_roberts.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Mid-Continent Section meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Aug. 29, 2006 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06711 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - current research; effects; elastic waves; enhanced recovery; oil and gas fields; petroleum; production; programs; seismic waves ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2D inverse modeling of MT data reveals insights for mineral exploration of the Amphitheater Mountains, Alaska AN - 51435252; 2007-053672 JF - Program with Abstracts - Geological Association of Canada; Mineralogical Association of Canada: Joint Annual Meeting AU - Pellerin, L AU - Schmidt, J M AU - Glen, J M G AU - Bittenbender, P AU - Sampson, J AU - Hoversten, G M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - unpaginated PB - Geological Association of Canada, Waterloo, ON VL - 28 SN - 0701-8738, 0701-8738 KW - United States KW - mineral exploration KW - resources KW - tectonic elements KW - geophysical surveys KW - host rocks KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - two-dimensional models KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - Mount Hayes Quadrangle KW - intrusions KW - folds KW - East-Central Alaska KW - metal ores KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - south-central Alaska KW - geophysical profiles KW - Amphitheater Mountains KW - Alaska KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51435252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+with+Abstracts+-+Geological+Association+of+Canada%3B+Mineralogical+Association+of+Canada%3A+Joint+Annual+Meeting&rft.atitle=2D+inverse+modeling+of+MT+data+reveals+insights+for+mineral+exploration+of+the+Amphitheater+Mountains%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Pellerin%2C+L%3BSchmidt%2C+J+M%3BGlen%2C+J+M+G%3BBittenbender%2C+P%3BSampson%2C+J%3BHoversten%2C+G+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pellerin&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+with+Abstracts+-+Geological+Association+of+Canada%3B+Mineralogical+Association+of+Canada%3A+Joint+Annual+Meeting&rft.issn=07018738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Association of Canada, Mineralogical Association of Canada; joint annual meeting--Association geologique du Canada, Association mineralogique du Canada; congres annuel conjoint N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - SuppNotes - All meeting abstracts available at http://gac.esd.mun.ca/gac_2003/search_abs/program.htm N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PAACD6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Amphitheater Mountains; East-Central Alaska; electromagnetic methods; folds; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; host rocks; intrusions; inverse problem; magnetotelluric methods; metal ores; mineral exploration; Mount Hayes Quadrangle; resources; south-central Alaska; surveys; tectonic elements; two-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lunar impact history from Apollo 12 glass spherules AN - 51327837; 2006-047703 AB - We are measuring the impact history of the inner solar system by dating, with the 40Ar/39Ar method, glass impact spherules from the Apollo 12 mission to the Procellarum Basin. One interest is in looking for the 400 Ma increase in cratering observed by Culler et al. (2000). JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Levine, J AU - Karner, D B AU - Muller, R A AU - Renne, P R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 EP - abstr. no. 1034 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 34 KW - cratering KW - Ar/Ar KW - Moon KW - surface textures KW - Oceanus Procellarum KW - Apollo Program KW - isochrons KW - impacts KW - ejecta KW - X-ray spectra KW - lunar samples KW - absolute age KW - spectra KW - Apollo 12 KW - glass materials KW - SEM data KW - regolith KW - spherules KW - lunar soils KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51327837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Lunar+impact+history+from+Apollo+12+glass+spherules&rft.au=Levine%2C+J%3BKarner%2C+D+B%3BMuller%2C+R+A%3BRenne%2C+P+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Levine&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2003/pdf/1034.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-fourth lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, United States N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Apollo 12; Apollo Program; Ar/Ar; cratering; ejecta; glass materials; impacts; isochrons; lunar samples; lunar soils; Moon; Oceanus Procellarum; regolith; SEM data; spectra; spherules; surface textures; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow and transport in unsaturated fractured rock; effects of multiscale heterogeneity of hydrogeologic properties AN - 51174038; 2003-018064 AB - The heterogeneity of hydrogeologic properties at different scales may have different effects on flow and transport processes in a subsurface system. A model for the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, is developed to represent complex heterogeneity at two different scales: (1) layer scale corresponding to geologic layering and (2) local scale. The layer-scale hydrogeologic properties are obtained using inverse modeling, based on the available measurements collected from the Yucca Mountain site. Calibration results show a significant lateral and vertical variability in matrix and fracture properties. Hydrogeologic property distributions in a two-dimensional, vertical cross-section of the site are generated by combining the average layer-scale matrix and fracture properties with local-scale perturbations generated using a stochastic simulation method. The unsaturated water flow and conservative (nonsorbing) tracer transport through the cross-section are simulated for different sets of matrix and fracture property fields. Comparison of simulation results indicates that the local-scale heterogeneity of matrix and fracture properties has a considerable effect on unsaturated flow processes, leading to fast flow paths in fractures and the matrix. These paths shorten the travel time of a conservative tracer from the source (repository) horizon in the unsaturated zone to the water table for small fractions of total released tracer mass. As a result, the local-scale heterogeneity also has a noticeable effect on global tracer transport processes, characterized by an average breakthrough curve at the water table, especially at the early arrival time of tracer mass. However, the effect is not significant at the later time after 20% tracer mass reaches the water table. The simulation results also verify that matrix diffusion plays an important role in overall solute transport processes in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - January 2003 SP - 1 EP - 30 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 60 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - calibration KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - Tiva Canyon Member KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - tracers KW - heterogeneity KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - diffusivity KW - matrix KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - aquifers KW - models KW - water table KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - Tertiary KW - saturation KW - Neogene KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - Paintbrush Tuff KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51174038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Flow+and+transport+in+unsaturated+fractured+rock%3B+effects+of+multiscale+heterogeneity+of+hydrogeologic+properties&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Quanlin%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Quanlin&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; calibration; Cenozoic; diffusivity; environmental analysis; fractured materials; ground water; heterogeneity; isotopes; mathematical models; matrix; Miocene; models; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; Paintbrush Tuff; permeability; pore water; porous materials; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; reservoir rocks; saturation; simulation; site exploration; solute transport; stochastic processes; Tertiary; Tiva Canyon Member; Topopah Spring Member; tracers; transport; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water table; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Numerical modeling of stable isotope fractionation and multiphase reactive transport; application to water and water vapor in the unsaturated zone in semi-arid environments AN - 50401044; 2009-062892 JF - AIG-5 AU - Singleton, Michael J AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Gee, Glendon W A2 - Batts, Barry D. A2 - Batts, Judith E. Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - AIG-5, Heron Island, Queensl. SN - 1864088567 KW - United States KW - isotope fractionation KW - terrestrial environment KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - semi-arid environment KW - unsaturated zone KW - Grant County Washington KW - water vapor KW - Franklin County Washington KW - stable isotopes KW - physical models KW - radioactive waste KW - hydrologic cycle KW - reactive transport KW - TOUGHREACT KW - deuterium KW - Benton County Washington KW - water pollution KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - numerical models KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - O-18/O-16 KW - equilibrium KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - multiphase flow KW - waste disposal KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50401044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Singleton%2C+Michael+J%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BGee%2C+Glendon+W&rft.aulast=Singleton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1864088567&rft.btitle=Numerical+modeling+of+stable+isotope+fractionation+and+multiphase+reactive+transport%3B+application+to+water+and+water+vapor+in+the+unsaturated+zone+in+semi-arid+environments&rft.title=Numerical+modeling+of+stable+isotope+fractionation+and+multiphase+reactive+transport%3B+application+to+water+and+water+vapor+in+the+unsaturated+zone+in+semi-arid+environments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AIG-5 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Produced under license from the Commonwealth of Australia as represented by Geoscience Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - Queensl. N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Chernobyl Catastrophe in Ukraine: Causes of the Accident and Lessons Learned AN - 20259258; 8763607 AB - The April 1986 Chernobyl accident resulted from an explosion of the 4th Reactor Unit of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (ChNPP). The catastrophe was considered by some to be the largest technology-related environmental disaster in the history of humanity. Although numerous monographs, reports, and articles have been published in English, Russian, and Ukrainian, scientists and politicians all over the world are still interested in evaluating the worldwide effects of the ChNPP catastrophe. Indeed, the main causes and consequences of the accident have, to a large degree, remained unknown to the broader scientific community and the general population of the affected countries. To fill this gap, this Special Issue of the ESPR presents a series of papers (prepared mostly by Ukrainian scientists, with contributions from Russia, Canada, Germany, and the United States) devoted to the challenging problems created by radioactive contamination of the environment, especially within the 30 km Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (ChEZ). The term "Exclusion Zone" refers to an area that was sealed off from further access after the accident. Its total area, except for part of the Kiev reservoir, is approximately 2,044 km2. Fig.1 shows a map of Europe, with an expanded view of Ukraine, as well as the location of the ChEZ. We decided to open this Special Issue with an introductory paper presenting (1) a broad picture of events following the April 1986 Chernobyl accident, and (2) a review of information from the Chernobyl accident, in order to determine its potential relevance for other environmental applications. JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research International AU - Paton, B E AU - Baryakhtar, V G AU - Prister, B S AU - Faybishenko, BA AD - E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, US, bfayb@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 3 EP - 12 VL - 10 SN - 0944-1344, 0944-1344 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Ukraine, Chernobyl KW - Ukraine KW - Accidents KW - Reservoirs KW - Disasters KW - Radioactive pollution KW - Explosions KW - Nuclear power plants KW - USA KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Canada KW - Radioactive fallout KW - Reviews KW - Russia KW - Ukraine, Kiev KW - Germany KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20259258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.atitle=The+Chernobyl+Catastrophe+in+Ukraine%3A+Causes+of+the+Accident+and+Lessons+Learned&rft.au=Paton%2C+B+E%3BBaryakhtar%2C+V+G%3BPrister%2C+B+S%3BFaybishenko%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Paton&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Pollution+Research+International&rft.issn=09441344&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Nuclear power plants; Accidents; Nuclear reactors; Radioactive fallout; Reviews; Disasters; Radioactive pollution; Reservoirs; Explosions; Ukraine, Chernobyl; USA; Canada; Ukraine; Ukraine, Kiev; Russia; Germany ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracking Multiple Pathways of Human Exposure to Persistent Multimedia Pollutants: Regional, Continental, and Global-Scale Models AN - 19934160; 6019761 AB - Widespread observations of organic pollutant compounds in vegetation, soil, animals, and human tissue have motivated research on more accurate characterizations of chemical transport over regional, continental, and global scales. Efforts to assess human and ecosystem exposure to contaminants from multiple environmental media have been evolving over the last several decades. In this review, we summarize the development and evolution of the multimedia mass-balance approach to pollutant fate and exposure evaluation and illustrate some of the calculations used in multimedia assessments. The concepts that form the foundation of Mackay-type mass-balance compartment models are described, and the ongoing efforts to use multimedia models to quantify human exposures are discussed. A series of case studies of varying complexity are used to illustrate capabilities and limitations of selected multimedia approaches. We look to the future and consider current challenges and opportunities in the field of multimedia contaminant fate and exposure modeling. JF - Annual Review of Environment and Resources AU - McKone, TE AU - MacLeod, M AD - University of California, School of Public Health and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R-3058, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, temckone@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 463 EP - 492 VL - 28 SN - 1543-5938, 1543-5938 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Human Population KW - Animals KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Tissues KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Environmental impact KW - Vegetation KW - Soil contamination KW - Pollutant identification KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Public health KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Reviews KW - Organic compounds KW - Contaminants KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 125:Population Health-Environment Relations KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19934160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.atitle=Tracking+Multiple+Pathways+of+Human+Exposure+to+Persistent+Multimedia+Pollutants%3A+Regional%2C+Continental%2C+and+Global-Scale+Models&rft.au=McKone%2C+TE%3BMacLeod%2C+M&rft.aulast=McKone&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.issn=15435938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.energy.28.050302.105623 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tissues; Pollution monitoring; Environmental impact; Vegetation; Pollutant identification; Contaminants; Ecosystem disturbance; Public health; Animals; Bioaccumulation; Reviews; Pollution dispersion; Soil contamination; Organic compounds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105623 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytochrome P4501B1 Expression in Normal Breast Tissue AN - 19646449; 7394809 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are metabolically activated to ultimate carcinogens by the cytochrome P-450 isozymes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1. High levels of these enzymes may result in increased DNA adduct formation and cancer initiation. We investigated whether expression of CYP1B1 in breast tissue varies to a similar extent as has been shown for CYP1A1 and whether increased CYP1B1 expression could constitute a risk factor for breast cancer. Expression of CYP1B1 and CYP1A1 was measured in a collection of 75 nontumor epithelial breast tissue specimens from breast cancer patients (n = 36) and from cancer-free individuals (n = 39). Using a semiquantitative reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, CYP1B1 and CYP1A1 expression levels relative to the constantly expressed beta-actin gene were determined. In this study, we found 300-fold and 1,000-fold interindividual variation in expression for CYP1B1 and CYP1A1, respectively. The mean CYP1B1 transcript level in normal breast tissue was 70% higher in mastectomy patients compared with cancer-free individuals (p = .0473). These data suggest that CYP1B1 may play a role in breast cancer etiology, particularly in women exposed to high levels of CYP1B1 substrates such as PAHs. JF - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds AU - Goth-Goldstein, R AU - Erdmann, C A AU - Russell, M AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 259 EP - 275 PB - Taylor & Francis Ltd., 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE UK, [mailto:info@tandf.co.uk], [URL:http://www.tandf.co.uk] VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 1040-6638, 1040-6638 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - breast cancer KW - cytochrome P4501A1 KW - cytochrome P4501B1 KW - metabolic activation KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - DNA adducts KW - Cytochromes KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Etiology KW - Enzymes KW - Transcription KW - Carcinogens KW - Reverse transcription KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Risk factors KW - Isoenzymes KW - Breast cancer KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Actin KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19646449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.atitle=Cytochrome+P4501B1+Expression+in+Normal+Breast+Tissue&rft.au=Goth-Goldstein%2C+R%3BErdmann%2C+C+A%3BRussell%2C+M&rft.aulast=Goth-Goldstein&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.issn=10406638&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cytochromes; DNA adducts; Etiology; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Transcription; Enzymes; Carcinogens; Reverse transcription; Aromatic compounds; Risk factors; Isoenzymes; Polymerase chain reaction; Breast cancer; Actin; Cytochrome P450 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the fracture of human dentin: Is it stress- or strain-controlled? AN - 19216518; 5747942 AB - Despite substantial clinical interest in the fracture resistance of human dentin, there is little mechanistic information in archival literature that can be usefully used to model such fracture. In fact, although the fracture event in dentin, akin to other mineralized tissues like bone, is widely believed to be locally strain-controlled, there has never been any scientific proof to support this belief. The present study seeks to address this issue through the use of a novel set of in vitro experiments in Hanks' balanced salt solution involving a double-notched bend test geometry, which is designed to discern whether the critical failure events involved in the onset of fracture are locally stress- or strain-controlled. Such experiments are further used to characterize the notion of "plasticity" in dentin and the interaction of cracks with the salient microstructural features. It is observed that fracture in dentin is indeed locally strain-controlled and that the presence of dentinal tubules does not substantially affect this process of crack initiation and growth. The results presented are believed to be critical steps in the development of a micromechanical model for the fracture of human dentin that takes into consideration the influence of both the microstructure and the local failure mode. JF - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Part A AU - Nalla, R K AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, RORitchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 484 EP - 495 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 67A IS - 2 SN - 0021-9304, 0021-9304 KW - man KW - dentin KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biomaterials KW - Fractures KW - Stress KW - Geometry KW - Mineralization KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19216518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+A&rft.atitle=On+the+fracture+of+human+dentin%3A+Is+it+stress-+or+strain-controlled%3F&rft.au=Nalla%2C+R+K%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Nalla&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=67A&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=484&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+A&rft.issn=00219304&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjbm.a.10079 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fractures; Mineralization; Biomaterials; Geometry; Mechanical properties; Stress DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.10079 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An improved method for the in vitro evolution of aptamers and applications in protein detection and purification AN - 19149667; 5750758 AB - One of the key components of proteomics initiatives is the production of high affinity ligands or probes that specifically recognize protein targets in assays that detect and capture proteins of interest. Particularly versatile probes with tremendous potential for use as affinity molecules are aptamers. Aptamers are short single-stranded DNA or RNA sequences that are selected in vitro based on affinity for a target molecule. Aptamers offer advantages over traditional antibody-based affinity molecules in their ease of production, regeneration and stability, largely due to the chemical properties of nucleic acids versus amino acids. We describe an improved in vitro selection protocol that relies on magnetic separations for DNA aptamer production that is relatively easy and scalable without the need for expensive robotics. We demonstrate the ability of aptamers that recognize thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) to bind their target protein with high affinity and specificity, and detail their uses in a number of assays. The TTF1 aptamers were characterized using surface plasmon resonance, and shown to be useful for enzyme-linked assays, western blots and affinity purification. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Murphy, M B AU - Fuller, ST AU - Richardson, P M AU - Doyle, SA AD - DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA, sadoylelbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 31 IS - 18 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - TTF1 protein KW - Thyroid transcription factor 1 KW - aptamers KW - surface plasmon resonance KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Transcription factors KW - Proteins KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - N 14930:Transcription factors KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19149667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=An+improved+method+for+the+in+vitro+evolution+of+aptamers+and+applications+in+protein+detection+and+purification&rft.au=Murphy%2C+M+B%3BFuller%2C+ST%3BRichardson%2C+P+M%3BDoyle%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=e110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transcription factors; Proteins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomonitoring with wireless communications AN - 18956240; 5742705 AB - Wireless biomonitoring, first used in human beings for fetal heart-rate monitoring more than 30 years ago, has now become a technology for remote sensing of patients' activity, blood pulse pressure, oxygen saturation, internal pressures, orthopedic device loading, and gastrointestinal endoscopy. Technical advances in miniaturization and wireless communications have enabled development of monitoring devices that can be made available for general use by individuals/patients and caregivers. New methods for short-range wireless communications not encumbered by radio spectrum restrictions (e.g., ultra-wideband) will enable applications of wireless monitoring without interference in ambulatory subjects, in home care, and in hospitals. JF - Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering AU - Budinger, T F AD - Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA, tfbudinger@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 383 EP - 412 VL - 5 SN - 1523-9829, 1523-9829 KW - man KW - biomonitoring KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Reviews KW - Orthopedics KW - Heart rate KW - Communication KW - Gastrointestinal tract KW - Blood pressure KW - Fetuses KW - Hospitals KW - Endoscopy KW - W4 140:Bioinformatics & Computers in Health & Medicine KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18956240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Biomonitoring+with+wireless+communications&rft.au=Budinger%2C+T+F&rft.aulast=Budinger&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Biomedical+Engineering&rft.issn=15239829&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.bioeng.5.040202.121653 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Communication; Fetuses; Heart rate; Endoscopy; Gastrointestinal tract; Hospitals; Reviews; Blood pressure; Orthopedics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bioeng.5.040202.121653 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface mechanical properties of pHEMA contact lenses: Viscoelastic and adhesive property changes on exposure to controlled humidity AN - 18944889; 5727409 AB - The surface mechanical properties of poly(hydroxyethyl)methacrylate (pHEMA)- based contact lenses were monitored as a function of humidity by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Surface viscoelastic and adhesion values were extracted from AFM force versus distance interaction curves and were found to be strongly dependent on the bulk water content of the lens and on the relative humidity. At low relative humidity, 40-50%, the dehydration rate from the surface is faster than the hydration rate from the bulk, leading to a rigid surface region that has mechanical properties similar to those measured on totally dehydrated lenses. At relative humidity values > 60%, the dehydration rate from the lens surface rapidly decreases, leading to higher surface water content and a softer surface region. The results indicate that, in an ocular environment, although the bulk of the pHEMA contact lens is hydrated, the surface region may be in a transition between a dehydrated glassy state and a hydrated rubbery state. JF - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Part A AU - Opdahl, A AU - Kim, SH AU - Koffas, T S AU - Marmo, C AU - Somorjai, G A AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, somorjai@socrates.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 350 EP - 356 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 67A IS - 1 SN - 0021-9304, 0021-9304 KW - atomic force microscopy KW - polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Relative humidity KW - Surface properties KW - Biomaterials KW - Contact lenses KW - Water content KW - Elasticity KW - Dehydration KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18944889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+A&rft.atitle=Surface+mechanical+properties+of+pHEMA+contact+lenses%3A+Viscoelastic+and+adhesive+property+changes+on+exposure+to+controlled+humidity&rft.au=Opdahl%2C+A%3BKim%2C+SH%3BKoffas%2C+T+S%3BMarmo%2C+C%3BSomorjai%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Opdahl&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=67A&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+A&rft.issn=00219304&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjbm.a.10054 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biomaterials; Contact lenses; Mechanical properties; Surface properties; Elasticity; Relative humidity; Dehydration; Water content DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.10054 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro fatigue behavior of human dentin with implications for life prediction AN - 18926755; 5685741 AB - Although human dentin is known to be susceptible to failure under repetitive cyclic fatigue loading, there are few reports in the literature that reliably quantify this phenomenon. This study seeks to address the paucity of fatigue data through a systematic investigation of the effects of prolonged cyclical loading on human dentin in an environment of ambient temperature Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) at cyclic frequencies of 2 and 20 Hz. The 'stress-life' (S/N) data thus obtained are discussed in the context of possible mechanisms of fatigue damage and failure in this material. In addition, stiffness loss data collected in situ during the S/N tests are used to deduce crack velocities and the thresholds for such cracking. These results are presented in a fracture mechanics context as plots of fatigue-crack propagation rates (da/dN) as a function of the stress-intensity range ([Delta]K). Such S/N and da/dN-[Delta]K data are discussed in light of the development of a framework for a fracture-mechanics-based methodology for the prediction of the fatigue life of teeth. It is concluded that the presence of small (on the order of 250 mu m) incipient flaws in human teeth will not radically affect their useful life. JF - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Part A AU - Nalla, R K AU - Imbeni, V AU - Kinney, J H AU - Staninec, M AU - Marshall, S J AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, RORitchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 10 EP - 20 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 66A IS - 1 SN - 0021-9304, 0021-9304 KW - man KW - dentin KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Mechanical loading KW - Temperature effects KW - Teeth KW - Fatigue KW - Biomaterials KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18926755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+A&rft.atitle=In+vitro+fatigue+behavior+of+human+dentin+with+implications+for+life+prediction&rft.au=Nalla%2C+R+K%3BImbeni%2C+V%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BStaninec%2C+M%3BMarshall%2C+S+J%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Nalla&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=66A&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+A&rft.issn=00219304&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjbm.a.10553 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biomaterials; Fatigue; Teeth; Temperature effects; Mechanical loading DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.10553 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro fracture toughness of human dentin AN - 18926157; 5685740 AB - The in vitro fracture toughness of human dentin has been reported to be of the order of 3 MPa[radic]m. This result, however, is based on a single study for a single orientation, and furthermore involves notched, rather than fatigue precracked, test samples. The present study seeks to obtain an improved, lower- bound, value of the toughness, and to show that previously reported values may be erroneously high because of the absence of a sharp crack as the stress concentrator. Specifically, the average measured critical stress intensity, K sub(c), for the onset of unstable fracture along an orientation perpendicular to the long axis of the tubules in dentin is found to be 1.8 MPa[radic]m in simulated body fluid (Hanks' balanced salt solution), when tested in a three-point bending specimen containing a (nominally) atomically sharp precrack generated during prior fatigue cycling. This is to be compared with a value of 2.7 MPa[radic]m measured under identical experimental conditions except that the bend specimen contained a sharp machined notch (of root radius 30-50 mu m). The effect of acuity of the precrack on the fracture toughness of human dentin is discussed in the context of these data. JF - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Part A AU - Imbeni, V AU - Nalla, R K AU - Bosi, C AU - Kinney, J H AU - Ritchie, RO AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, roritchie@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 66A IS - 1 SN - 0021-9304, 0021-9304 KW - man KW - dentin KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bone biomaterials KW - Fatigue KW - Fractures KW - Biomaterials KW - Stress KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18926157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+A&rft.atitle=In+vitro+fracture+toughness+of+human+dentin&rft.au=Imbeni%2C+V%3BNalla%2C+R+K%3BBosi%2C+C%3BKinney%2C+J+H%3BRitchie%2C+RO&rft.aulast=Imbeni&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=66A&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research%2C+Part+A&rft.issn=00219304&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjbm.a.10548 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biomaterials; Fractures; Fatigue; Stress; Bone biomaterials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.10548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comprehensive aligned sequence construction for automated design of effective probes (CASCADE-P) using 16S rDNA AN - 18845779; 5757842 AB - Prokaryotic organisms have been identified utilizing the sequence variation of the 16S rRNA gene. Variations steer the design of DNA probes for the detection of taxonomic groups or specific organisms. The long-term goal of our project is to create probe arrays capable of identifying 16S rDNA sequences in unknown samples. This necessitated the authentication, categorization and alignment of the >75 000 publicly available '16S' sequences. Preferably, the entire process should be computationally administrated so the aligned collection could periodically absorb 16S rDNA sequences from the public records. A complete multiple sequence alignment would provide a foundation for computational probe selection and facilitates microbial taxonomy and phylogeny. JF - Bioinformatics AU - DeSantis, T Z AU - Dubosarskiy, I AU - Murray AU - Andersen, G L AD - Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 70A-3317, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1461 EP - 1468 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 19 IS - 12 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18845779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Comprehensive+aligned+sequence+construction+for+automated+design+of+effective+probes+%28CASCADE-P%29+using+16S+rDNA&rft.au=DeSantis%2C+T+Z%3BDubosarskiy%2C+I%3BMurray%3BAndersen%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=DeSantis&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unsupervised feature selection via two-way ordering in gene expression analysis AN - 18826394; 5713204 AB - Selection of genes most relevant and informative for certain phenotypes is an important aspect in gene expression analysis. Most current methods select genes based on known phenotype information. However, certain set of genes may correspond to new phenotypes which are yet unknown, and it is important to develop novel effective selection methods for their discovery without using any prior phenotype information. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Ding, CHQ AD - NERSC Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 1259 EP - 1266 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK, [mailto:jnl.samples@oup.co.uk], [URL:http://www3.oup.co.uk/jnls/] VL - 19 IS - 10 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - N 14100:Reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18826394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=Unsupervised+feature+selection+via+two-way+ordering+in+gene+expression+analysis&rft.au=Ding%2C+CHQ&rft.aulast=Ding&rft.aufirst=CHQ&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental risk factors and work-related lower respiratory symptoms in 80 office buildings: An exploratory analysis of NIOSH data TT - performed while all authors were with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in Cincinnati, OH. AN - 18796459; 5675579 AB - We evaluated relationships between lower respiratory symptoms and risk factors for microbiological contamination in office buildings. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health collected data from 80 office buildings during standardized indoor environmental health hazard evaluations. Present analyses included lower respiratory symptom-based outcome definitions and risk factors for potential microbiologic contamination. Multivariate logistic regression models for selected outcomes identified key risk factors. Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for 'at least three of four work-related lower respiratory symptoms' were, for debris in ventilation air intake, 2.0 (1.0-3.9), and for poor drainage in air-conditioning drip pans, 2.6 (1.3-5.2). Adjusted associations with risk factors were consistently stronger for outcomes requiring both multiple symptoms and improvement away from work, and somewhat stronger among diagnosed asthmatics. Moisture and debris in ventilation systems, possibly by supporting microbiologic growth, may increase adverse respiratory effects, particularly among asthmatics. Data from more representative buildings are needed to confirm these findings. Am. J. Ind. Med. 43:630-641, 2003. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - American Journal of Industrial Medicine AU - Mendell, MJ AU - Naco, G M AU - Wilcox, T G AU - Sieber, W K AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720., mjmendell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 630 EP - 641 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA, [mailto:custserv@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/] VL - 43 IS - 6 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - airborne microorganisms KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18796459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.atitle=Environmental+risk+factors+and+work-related+lower+respiratory+symptoms+in+80+office+buildings%3A+An+exploratory+analysis+of+NIOSH+data&rft.au=Mendell%2C+MJ%3BNaco%2C+G+M%3BWilcox%2C+T+G%3BSieber%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Mendell&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=630&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Industrial+Medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajim.10211 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.10211 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome Differences That Distinguish Bacillus anthracis from Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis AN - 18740079; 5620041 AB - The three species of the group 1 bacilli, Bacillus anthracis, B. cereus, and B. thuringiensis, are genetically very closely related. All inhabit soil habitats but exhibit different phenotypes. B. anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax and is phylogenetically monomorphic, while B. cereus and B. thuringiensis are genetically more diverse. An amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis described here demonstrates genetic diversity among a collection of non-anthrax-causing Bacillus species, some of which show significant similarity to B. anthracis. Suppression subtractive hybridization was then used to characterize the genomic differences that distinguish three of the non-anthrax-causing bacilli from B. anthracis Ames. Ninety-three DNA sequences that were present in B. anthracis but absent from the non-anthrax-causing Bacillus genomes were isolated. Furthermore, 28 of these sequences were not found in a collection of 10 non- anthrax-causing Bacillus species but were present in all members of a representative collection of B. anthracis strains. These sequences map to distinct loci on the B. anthracis genome and can be assayed simultaneously in multiplex PCR assays for rapid and highly specific DNA-based detection of B. anthracis. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Radnedge, L AU - Agron, P G AU - Hill, K K AU - Jackson, P J AU - Ticknor, LO AU - Keim, P AU - Andersen, G L AD - Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Mail Stop 70A-3317, Berkeley, CA 94720, GLAndersen@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 2755 EP - 2764 VL - 69 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02901:Soil and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18740079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Genome+Differences+That+Distinguish+Bacillus+anthracis+from+Bacillus+cereus+and+Bacillus+thuringiensis&rft.au=Radnedge%2C+L%3BAgron%2C+P+G%3BHill%2C+K+K%3BJackson%2C+P+J%3BTicknor%2C+LO%3BKeim%2C+P%3BAndersen%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Radnedge&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.69.5.2755-2764.2003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.5.2755-2764.2003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conformation of Oligonucleotides Attached to Gold Nanocrystals Probed by Gel Electrophoresis AN - 17948541; 5900930 AB - Thiol-modified single stranded oligonucleotides of different lengths (8 to 135 bases) were attached to the surface of 10 nm diameter Au nanocrystals with different DNA/Au ratios (1, 2, ..., saturation). The electrophoretic mobility of these conjugates was determined on 2% agarose gels, and the effective diameter of the DNA/Au conjugates was determined. This diameter depends on the conformation of the oligonucleotides adsorbed on the Au surface. For low surface coverage, nonspecific wrapping of the DNA around the nanoparticles was observed. For high surface coverage, short oligonucleotides were shown to be oriented perpendicular to the surface and fully stretched. For high surface coverage and long oligonucleotides, the inner part close to the Au surface was determined to be fully stretched and pointed perpendicular to the surface, whereas the outer part adopts random coil shape. JF - Nano Letters AU - Parak, W J AU - Pellegrino, T AU - Micheel, C M AU - Gerion, D AU - Williams, S C AU - Alivisatos, A P AD - Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 33 EP - 36 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1530-6984, 1530-6984 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Crystals KW - Electrophoretic mobility KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - DNA KW - Gold KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - N 14230:Structure & physical properties KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17948541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+Letters&rft.atitle=Conformation+of+Oligonucleotides+Attached+to+Gold+Nanocrystals+Probed+by+Gel+Electrophoresis&rft.au=Parak%2C+W+J%3BPellegrino%2C+T%3BMicheel%2C+C+M%3BGerion%2C+D%3BWilliams%2C+S+C%3BAlivisatos%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Parak&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+Letters&rft.issn=15306984&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fn1025888z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gold; Crystals; Oligonucleotides; DNA; Electrophoretic mobility; Gel electrophoresis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/n1025888z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies and Tools for Whole-Genome Alignments AN - 17038133; 5564912 AB - The availability of the assembled mouse genome makes possible, for the first time, an alignment and comparison of two large vertebrate genomes. We investigated different strategies of alignment for the subsequent analysis of conservation of genomes that are effective for assemblies of different quality. These strategies were applied to the comparison of the working draft of the human genome with the Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium assembly, as well as other intermediate mouse assemblies. Our methods are fast and the resulting alignments exhibit a high degree of sensitivity, covering more than 90% of known coding exons in the human genome. We obtained such coverage while preserving specificity. With a view towards the end user, we developed a suite of tools and Web sites for automatically aligning and subsequently browsing and working with whole-genome comparisons. We describe the use of these tools to identify conserved non-coding regions between the human and mouse genomes, some of which have not been identified by other methods. JF - Genome Research AU - Couronne, O AU - Poliakov, A AU - Bray, N AU - Ishkhanov, T AU - Ryaboy, D AU - Rubin, E AU - Pachter, L AU - Dubchak, I AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, ocouronne@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003/01// PY - 2003 DA - Jan 2003 SP - 73 EP - 80 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 1054-9803, 1054-9803 KW - man KW - mice KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics KW - G 07300:Theoretical genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17038133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome+Research&rft.atitle=Strategies+and+Tools+for+Whole-Genome+Alignments&rft.au=Couronne%2C+O%3BPoliakov%2C+A%3BBray%2C+N%3BIshkhanov%2C+T%3BRyaboy%2C+D%3BRubin%2C+E%3BPachter%2C+L%3BDubchak%2C+I&rft.aulast=Couronne&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genome+Research&rft.issn=10549803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1101%2Fgr.762503 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.762503 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On Leakage and Seepage from Geologic Carbon Sequestration Sites -- Unsaturated Zone Attenuation AN - 16198998; 6495276 AB - Geologic carbon sequestration is the direct injection of CO sub(2) into deep geologic formations for permanent disposal. Although numerous trapping mechanisms exist in the subsurface, it is possible that CO sub(2) will leak from the primary sequestration target and seep out of the ground. The unsaturated zone has the potential to attenuate leaking CO sub(2) and decrease seepage and near-surface CO sub(2) concentrations. Attenuation processes include permeability trapping, ponding as dense CO sub(2) spreads out on the water table, solubility trapping by infiltrating or residual water, and dilution through mixing with ambient soil gas. Numerical simulations of CO sub(2) flowing upward through a thick model unsaturated zone were performed to investigate the sensitivity of various unsaturated zone properties on CO sub(2) seepage flux and near-surface CO sub(2) gas concentrations. These two quantities are considered drivers for health and environmental risk due to exposure to CO sub(2). For the conceptual model considered, seepage flux and near-surface CO sub(2) gas concentrations are most strongly controlled by the leakage rate at the water table, followed by the source zone radius. Permeability and permeability anisotropy, as well as porosity and infiltration rate are also important, although to a lesser degree. Barometric pumping causes local maxima in seepage flux and near-surface CO sub(2) concentrations, but has negligible effect in a time-averaged sense. When the leakage source is turned off, the CO sub(2) plume attentuates through dissolution into infiltrating water. For the case of a constant leakage rate, the unsaturated zone can attenuate low leakage fluxes but should not be expected to attenuate large CO sub(2) leakage fluxes. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Unger, Andre JA AD - Earth Sciences Division 90-1116, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, cmoldenburg@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 287 EP - 296 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Infiltration Rate KW - Seepage KW - Injection KW - Soil KW - Permeability KW - Exposure KW - Sensitivity KW - Leakage KW - Porosity KW - Water Table KW - Trapping KW - porosity KW - Model Studies KW - water table KW - Infiltration KW - Geologic Formations KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Aeration Zone KW - Seeps KW - Mixing KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Geology KW - Pumping KW - Plumes KW - Anisotropy KW - Solubility KW - Sites KW - Simulation KW - Ponding KW - Risk KW - seepages KW - Fluctuations KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16198998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=On+Leakage+and+Seepage+from+Geologic+Carbon+Sequestration+Sites+--+Unsaturated+Zone+Attenuation&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BUnger%2C+Andre+JA&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity; Leakage; Simulation; porosity; Soil; Permeability; water table; Carbon sequestration; Infiltration; seepages; Geology; Carbon dioxide; Plumes; Aeration Zone; Sites; Seeps; Solubility; Anisotropy; Porosity; Infiltration Rate; Seepage; Water Table; Injection; Mixing; Trapping; Model Studies; Ponding; Risk; Exposure; Geologic Formations; Pumping; Fluctuations; Carbon Dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moisture Characteristics of Hanford Gravels -- Bulk, Grain-Surface, and Intragranular Components AN - 16197709; 6495279 AB - Although gravels comprise large portions of some vadose zones, their unsaturated hydraulic properties have received relatively little attention. This study examines moisture retention relations in the 2- and 6-mm size fractions of gravels from the Hanford formation vadose zone (Washington State). Understanding flow and transport within this formation is important because parts of it have become contaminated by leakage of radioactive wastes at the Hanford Site. Moisture retention relations were obtained for a very wide energy range, with attention to water retained in intragranular pores and along grain surfaces. External surfaces of these gravels have root mean-squared roughnesses (rmsr) in the micrometer range, with sparsely distributed deep (hundreds of micrometers) pits. Water films on these external surfaces are volumetrically insignificant at matric potentials less than about -2 kPa. Residual water in these gravels occurs in intragranular pores, accounts for about 10% of the total porosity, and is effectively hydraulically immobile. The intragranular domain in Hanford gravels also has a large specific surface area of about 11 m super(2) g super(-1). Thus, exchanges of solutes (including contaminants) between the intragranular domain of Hanford gravels and their immediate surrounding are significant and diffusion limited. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Olson, Keith R AU - Wan, Jiamin AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, tktokunaga@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 322 EP - 329 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Moisture KW - Hydraulics KW - Roots KW - Retention KW - USA, Washington KW - Solutes KW - Pollutants KW - Diffusion KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - Films KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Gravel KW - Leakage KW - Porosity KW - Radioactive wastes KW - porosity KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Pores KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Hazardous wastes KW - surface area KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16197709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Moisture+Characteristics+of+Hanford+Gravels+--+Bulk%2C+Grain-Surface%2C+and+Intragranular+Components&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BOlson%2C+Keith+R%3BWan%2C+Jiamin&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=322&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydraulics; Leakage; Radioactive wastes; Diffusion; porosity; Hazardous wastes; surface area; Radioactive Wastes; Solutes; Moisture; Pores; Gravel; Pollutants; Porosity; Roots; Retention; Films; Hydraulic Properties; USA, Washington; USA, Washington, Hanford; USA, Washington, Hanford Site ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Active Fracture Model -- Its Relation to Fractal Flow Patterns and an Evaluation Using Field Observations AN - 16197464; 6495262 AB - The active fracture model (AFM) (Liu et al., 1998) has been widely used in modeling flow and transport in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a proposed repository of high-level nuclear wastes. This study presents an in- depth evaluation of the AFM, based on both theoretical arguments and field observations. We first argue that flow patterns observed from different unsaturated systems (including the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain) may be fractals. We derive an interesting relation between the AFM and the fractal flow behavior, indicating that the AFM essentially captures this important flow behavior at a subgrid scale. Finally, the validity of the AFM is demonstrated by the favorable comparison between simulation results based on the AFM and super(14)C age and fracture coating data collected from the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain. These data sets independently provide important insight into flow and transport processes at the Yucca Mountain site. Potential future improvements of the AFM include expanding it to consider film flow and multifractal concepts. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Zhang, Guoxiang AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, hhliu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 259 EP - 269 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 2 IS - 2 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aeration Zone KW - Age KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Waste Dumps KW - transport processes KW - USA, Nevada KW - Evaluation KW - Mountains KW - Flow Pattern KW - Films KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Simulation KW - Model Studies KW - Fractals KW - Behavior KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Coatings KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16197464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Active+Fracture+Model+--+Its+Relation+to+Fractal+Flow+Patterns+and+an+Evaluation+Using+Field+Observations&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BZhang%2C+Guoxiang%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Age; Radioactive wastes; Simulation; transport processes; Coatings; Evaluation; Radioactive Wastes; Fractals; Aeration Zone; Behavior; Waste Dumps; Groundwater Movement; Flow Pattern; Films; Model Studies; USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt.; USA, Nevada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating Uncertainties in Regional Photochemical Air Quality Modeling AN - 16180431; 6019752 AB - This review evaluates analyses that are or may be performed to estimate uncertainties associated with air quality modeling used in regulatory planning to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards for ozone. The sources of uncertainties in photochemical air quality simulation models (PAQSMs) are described. Regulatory requirements for evaluating PAQSM performance and uncertainty concerns not addressed through standard performance evaluations are discussed. Available techniques for evaluating uncertainties are presented. Experiences with analyses conducted most commonly are reviewed, as are those that might be used in a cohesive model uncertainty evaluation. The review concludes with a call for renewed emphasis on applying current techniques complemented by heretofore sparsely used diagnostic, corroborative, and alternative approaches and enhanced observational databases. JF - Annual Review of Environment and Resources AU - Fine, J AU - Vuilleumier, L AU - Reynolds, S AU - Roth, P AU - Brown, N AD - Atmospheric Sciences Department, Environmental Energy Technology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1740, USA, jdfine@usfca.edu,njbrown@lbl.gov Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 59 EP - 106 VL - 28 SN - 1543-5938, 1543-5938 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Simulation KW - Air quality KW - Requirements KW - Air quality models KW - Models KW - Air quality standards KW - Ozone in troposphere KW - Databases KW - Photochemicals KW - Numerical simulations KW - Reviews KW - Planning KW - Regional planning KW - Ozone KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1110:Atmosphere UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16180431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.atitle=Evaluating+Uncertainties+in+Regional+Photochemical+Air+Quality+Modeling&rft.au=Fine%2C+J%3BVuilleumier%2C+L%3BReynolds%2C+S%3BRoth%2C+P%3BBrown%2C+N&rft.aulast=Fine&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.issn=15435938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.energy.28.011503.163508 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air quality standards; Databases; Photochemicals; Planning; Simulation; Air quality; Requirements; Ozone; Models; Ozone in troposphere; Atmospheric pollution; Numerical simulations; Air quality models; Reviews; Regional planning DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.28.011503.163508 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular-Scale Speciation of Zn and Ni in Soil Ferromanganese Nodules from Loess Soils of the Mississippi Basin AN - 16165271; 5820635 AB - Determining how environmentally important trace metals are sequestered in soils at the molecular scale is critical to developing a solid scientific basis for maintaining soil quality and formulating effective remediation strategies. The speciation of Zn and Ni in ferromanganese nodules from loess soils of the Mississippi Basin was determined by a synergistic use of three noninvasive synchrotron-based techniques: X-ray microfluorescence ( mu XRF), X-ray microdiffraction ( mu XRD), and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS). We show that Ni is distributed between goethite ( alpha -FeOOH) and the manganese oxide lithiophorite, whereas Zn is bound to goethite, lithiophorite, phyllosilicates, and the manganese oxide birnessite. The selective association of Ni with only iron and manganese oxides is an explanation for its higher partitioning in nodules over the soil clay matrix reported from soils worldwide. This could also explain the observed enrichment of Ni in oceanic manganese nodules. The combination of these three techniques provides a new method for determining trace metal speciation in both natural and contaminated environmental materials. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Manceau, A AU - Tamura, N AU - Celestre, R S AU - MacDowell, A A AU - Geoffroy, N AU - Sposito, G AU - Padmore, HA AD - Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, Alain.Manceau@ujf-grenoble.fr Y1 - 2003/01/01/ PY - 2003 DA - 2003 Jan 01 SP - 75 EP - 80 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Chemical speciation KW - Zinc KW - Nickel KW - River basins KW - USA, Mississippi R. KW - Trace metals KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16165271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Molecular-Scale+Speciation+of+Zn+and+Ni+in+Soil+Ferromanganese+Nodules+from+Loess+Soils+of+the+Mississippi+Basin&rft.au=Manceau%2C+A%3BTamura%2C+N%3BCelestre%2C+R+S%3BMacDowell%2C+A+A%3BGeoffroy%2C+N%3BSposito%2C+G%3BPadmore%2C+HA&rft.aulast=Manceau&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes025748r LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Chemical speciation; Nickel; Zinc; River basins; Trace metals; USA, Mississippi R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es025748r ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new perspective on bradyseismic crises at Phlegrean Fields (Italy) from numerical modeling and geochemical data AN - 1328505277; 2013-034232 JF - Abstracts - International Volcanological Congress AU - Todesco, M AU - Chiodini, G AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Pruess, K AU - Oldenburg, C AU - Kim, Harry AU - Kaetsu, Dixie AU - Young, Peter T Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 131 PB - International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI), [location varies] VL - 3 KW - Phlegraean Fields KW - numerical models KW - uplifts KW - subsidence KW - Europe KW - displacements KW - Italy KW - volcanology KW - Southern Europe KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - Campania Italy KW - models KW - calderas KW - volcanic features KW - seismicity KW - magmas KW - eruptions KW - volcanoes KW - chemical composition KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328505277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+International+Volcanological+Congress&rft.atitle=A+new+perspective+on+bradyseismic+crises+at+Phlegrean+Fields+%28Italy%29+from+numerical+modeling+and+geochemical+data&rft.au=Todesco%2C+M%3BChiodini%2C+G%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BPruess%2C+K%3BOldenburg%2C+C%3BKim%2C+Harry%3BKaetsu%2C+Dixie%3BYoung%2C+Peter+T&rft.aulast=Todesco&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+International+Volcanological+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Cities on volcanoes 3 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 N1 - CODEN - #05692 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calderas; Campania Italy; chemical composition; displacements; earthquakes; eruptions; Europe; faults; hydrothermal conditions; Italy; magmas; models; numerical models; Phlegraean Fields; seismicity; Southern Europe; subsidence; uplifts; volcanic features; volcanoes; volcanology ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Carbon sequestration in natural gas reservoirs; enhanced gas recovery and natural gas storage AN - 1328502317; 2013-031154 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - methane KW - pressure KW - gaseous phase KW - underground storage KW - natural gas KW - injection KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - petroleum KW - enhanced recovery KW - alkanes KW - production KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - carbon dioxide KW - computer programs KW - organic compounds KW - underground installations KW - hydrocarbons KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Carbon+sequestration+in+natural+gas+reservoirs%3B+enhanced+gas+recovery+and+natural+gas+storage&rft.title=Carbon+sequestration+in+natural+gas+reservoirs%3B+enhanced+gas+recovery+and+natural+gas+storage&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Oldenburg.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Nonisothermal multiphase modeling as an integration tool in the planning, control and optimization of in situ soil remediation in Soderkulla, southern Finland AN - 1328502254; 2013-031149 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Kling, Terhi AU - Korkealaakso, Juhani AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 9 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - contaminant plumes KW - Sibbo Finland KW - soil vapor extraction KW - Europe KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - errors KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Soderkulla Finland KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - in situ KW - Finland KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - decision-making KW - migration of elements KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - planning KW - multiphase flow KW - T2VOC KW - trichloroethylene KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kling%2C+Terhi%3BKorkealaakso%2C+Juhani%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kling&rft.aufirst=Terhi&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Nonisothermal+multiphase+modeling+as+an+integration+tool+in+the+planning%2C+control+and+optimization+of+in+situ+soil+remediation+in+Soderkulla%2C+southern+Finland&rft.title=Nonisothermal+multiphase+modeling+as+an+integration+tool+in+the+planning%2C+control+and+optimization+of+in+situ+soil+remediation+in+Soderkulla%2C+southern+Finland&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-KlingKorkealaakso.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Numerical simulation of leakage from a geologic disposal reservoir for CO (sub 2) with transitions between super- and sub-critical conditions AN - 1328502221; 2013-031152 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - hydrates KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - contaminant plumes KW - three-dimensional models KW - injection KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - carbon dioxide KW - brines KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Numerical+simulation+of+leakage+from+a+geologic+disposal+reservoir+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+with+transitions+between+super-+and+sub-critical+conditions&rft.title=Numerical+simulation+of+leakage+from+a+geologic+disposal+reservoir+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+with+transitions+between+super-+and+sub-critical+conditions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Pruess.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Computation of laboratory test results to estimate the loss of air in compressed air tunnelling AN - 1328502215; 2013-031141 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Scheid, Yannick AU - Semprich, Stephan AU - Chinkulkijniwat, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 6 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - urban environment KW - ground water KW - ventilation KW - models KW - computer programs KW - water table KW - laboratory studies KW - foundations KW - saturation KW - tunnels KW - testing KW - air KW - construction KW - uncertainty KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Scheid%2C+Yannick%3BSemprich%2C+Stephan%3BChinkulkijniwat%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Scheid&rft.aufirst=Yannick&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Computation+of+laboratory+test+results+to+estimate+the+loss+of+air+in+compressed+air+tunnelling&rft.title=Computation+of+laboratory+test+results+to+estimate+the+loss+of+air+in+compressed+air+tunnelling&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-ScheidSemprichChinkul.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modelling the dewatering and depressurisation of the Lihir open pit gold mine AN - 1328502202; 2013-031140 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - White, Stephen AU - Creighton, Ashley AU - Bixley, Paul AU - Kissling, Warwick AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - mineral exploration KW - mining KW - pressure KW - Australasia KW - surface mining KW - geothermal wells KW - rock mechanics KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal systems KW - Papua New Guinea KW - energy sources KW - mining geology KW - heat flow KW - metal ores KW - gold ores KW - open-pit mining KW - Lihir Mine KW - Lihir Island KW - mine dewatering KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=White%2C+Stephen%3BCreighton%2C+Ashley%3BBixley%2C+Paul%3BKissling%2C+Warwick%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modelling+the+dewatering+and+depressurisation+of+the+Lihir+open+pit+gold+mine&rft.title=Modelling+the+dewatering+and+depressurisation+of+the+Lihir+open+pit+gold+mine&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-WhiteCreightonBixleyK.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modelling of halite formation in natural gas storage aquifers AN - 1328502170; 2013-031146 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Lorenz, Stephan AU - Mueller, Wolfgang AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 7 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - halides KW - natural gas KW - sandstone KW - petroleum KW - aqueous solutions KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - enthalpy KW - heat flow KW - chlorides KW - EWASG KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - physicochemical properties KW - injection KW - solutes KW - halite KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - clastic rocks KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lorenz%2C+Stephan%3BMueller%2C+Wolfgang%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lorenz&rft.aufirst=Stephan&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modelling+of+halite+formation+in+natural+gas+storage+aquifers&rft.title=Modelling+of+halite+formation+in+natural+gas+storage+aquifers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-LorenzMuller.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Numerical modeling of stable isotope fractionation and multiphase reactive transport of water vapor using TOUGHREACT AN - 1328502159; 2013-031145 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Singleton, Michael AU - Sonnenthal, Eric AU - Conrad, Mark AU - DePaolo, Don AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 6 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - water vapor KW - aqueous solutions KW - preferential flow KW - stable isotopes KW - radioactive isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - heat flow KW - data bases KW - TOUGHREACT KW - thermodynamic properties KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - O-18/O-16 KW - migration of elements KW - models KW - D/H KW - infiltration KW - hydrogen KW - TOUGH KW - multiphase flow KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Singleton%2C+Michael%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric%3BConrad%2C+Mark%3BDePaolo%2C+Don%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Singleton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Numerical+modeling+of+stable+isotope+fractionation+and+multiphase+reactive+transport+of+water+vapor+using+TOUGHREACT&rft.title=Numerical+modeling+of+stable+isotope+fractionation+and+multiphase+reactive+transport+of+water+vapor+using+TOUGHREACT&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-SingletonSonnenthalCo.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Implementation of land surface boundary conditions in TOUGH2 AN - 1328502144; 2013-031151 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Webb, Steve AU - Phelan, James AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 7 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - soils KW - climatic controls KW - topsoil KW - degradation KW - numerical models KW - spatial data KW - Missouri KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - boundary conditions KW - computer programs KW - physical properties KW - evaporation KW - explosives KW - detection KW - weathered materials KW - military facilities KW - Fort Leonard Wood KW - Pulaski County Missouri KW - boundary layer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Webb%2C+Steve%3BPhelan%2C+James%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Implementation+of+land+surface+boundary+conditions+in+TOUGH2&rft.title=Implementation+of+land+surface+boundary+conditions+in+TOUGH2&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-WebbPhelan.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Simulation of subgridblock scale DNAPL pool dissolution using a dual domain approach AN - 1328502126; 2013-031148 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Falta, Ronald AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - dispersivity KW - numerical models KW - contaminant plumes KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - preferential flow KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - advection KW - simulation KW - two-dimensional models KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - steady-state processes KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - T2VOC KW - trichloroethylene KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Falta%2C+Ronald%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Falta&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Simulation+of+subgridblock+scale+DNAPL+pool+dissolution+using+a+dual+domain+approach&rft.title=Simulation+of+subgridblock+scale+DNAPL+pool+dissolution+using+a+dual+domain+approach&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Falta.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modelling of resaturation, gas migration and thermal effects in a SF/ILW repository in low-permeability over-consolidated clay-shale AN - 1328502102; 2013-031136 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Poppei, Joachim AU - Mayer, Gerhard AU - Croise, Jean AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - degradation KW - underground storage tanks KW - reinforced materials KW - Europe KW - Switzerland KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - controls KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Opalinus Clay KW - heat flow KW - Central Europe KW - tunnels KW - numerical models KW - Jurassic KW - shale KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Mesozoic KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - claystone KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Poppei%2C+Joachim%3BMayer%2C+Gerhard%3BCroise%2C+Jean%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Poppei&rft.aufirst=Joachim&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modelling+of+resaturation%2C+gas+migration+and+thermal+effects+in+a+SF%2FILW+repository+in+low-permeability+over-consolidated+clay-shale&rft.title=Modelling+of+resaturation%2C+gas+migration+and+thermal+effects+in+a+SF%2FILW+repository+in+low-permeability+over-consolidated+clay-shale&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-PoppeiMayerCroiseMars.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling water seepage into heated waste emplacement drifts at Yucca Mountain AN - 1328502084; 2013-031139 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Mukhophadhyay, Sumit AU - Tsang, Yvonne AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 7 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - coupling KW - water vapor KW - seepage KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - controls KW - hydrologic cycle KW - water-rock interaction KW - heat flow KW - percolation KW - Yucca Mountain KW - uncertainty KW - Nevada KW - disposal barriers KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - prediction KW - capillarity KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BMukhophadhyay%2C+Sumit%3BTsang%2C+Yvonne%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modeling+water+seepage+into+heated+waste+emplacement+drifts+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.title=Modeling+water+seepage+into+heated+waste+emplacement+drifts+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-BirkholzerMukhophadhy.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling the biodegradation of organic contaminants with TMVOCbio AN - 1328502064; 2013-031143 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Battistelli, Alfredo AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - degradation KW - thermal conductivity KW - landfills KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - heat flow KW - biodegradation KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - multiphase flow KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - TMVOC KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Battistelli%2C+Alfredo%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Battistelli&rft.aufirst=Alfredo&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modeling+the+biodegradation+of+organic+contaminants+with+TMVOCbio&rft.title=Modeling+the+biodegradation+of+organic+contaminants+with+TMVOCbio&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Battistelli.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Linking reaction, transport, and hydrological parameters in unsaturated fractured rock; TOUGHREACT implementation and applications AN - 1328502050; 2013-031147 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Sonnenthal, Eric AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 5 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - water quality KW - volcanic rocks KW - capillary pressure KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - coupling KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - reactive transport KW - TOUGHREACT KW - tuff KW - kinetics KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - matrix KW - equilibrium KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - models KW - pyroclastics KW - saturation KW - gas-rock interaction KW - multiphase flow KW - theoretical models KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sonnenthal%2C+Eric%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BXu%2C+Tianfu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sonnenthal&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Linking+reaction%2C+transport%2C+and+hydrological+parameters+in+unsaturated+fractured+rock%3B+TOUGHREACT+implementation+and+applications&rft.title=Linking+reaction%2C+transport%2C+and+hydrological+parameters+in+unsaturated+fractured+rock%3B+TOUGHREACT+implementation+and+applications&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-SonnenthalSpycherXu.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A mountain-scale model for characterizing unsaturated flow and transport in fractured tuffs of Yucca Mountain AN - 1328502015; 2013-031138 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Lu, Guoping AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Bodvarsson, Bo AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - scale factor KW - volcanic rocks KW - moisture KW - igneous rocks KW - preferential flow KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - tracers KW - tuff KW - Yucca Mountain KW - unsaturated flow KW - Nevada KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - models KW - pyroclastics KW - infiltration KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BLu%2C+Guoping%3BZhang%2C+Keni%3BBodvarsson%2C+Bo%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=A+mountain-scale+model+for+characterizing+unsaturated+flow+and+transport+in+fractured+tuffs+of+Yucca+Mountain&rft.title=A+mountain-scale+model+for+characterizing+unsaturated+flow+and+transport+in+fractured+tuffs+of+Yucca+Mountain&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-WuLuZhangBodvarsson.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Analysis of nuclide transport including non-linear adsorption depending on variable salinity in the heterogeneous geosphere of the Gorleben Channel AN - 1328502004; 2013-031137 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Javeri, Vijen AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - salt domes KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - Europe KW - salinity KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Gorleben KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - Central Europe KW - retention KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - brines KW - parent materials KW - waste disposal KW - Germany KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328502004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Javeri%2C+Vijen%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Javeri&rft.aufirst=Vijen&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Analysis+of+nuclide+transport+including+non-linear+adsorption+depending+on+variable+salinity+in+the+heterogeneous+geosphere+of+the+Gorleben+Channel&rft.title=Analysis+of+nuclide+transport+including+non-linear+adsorption+depending+on+variable+salinity+in+the+heterogeneous+geosphere+of+the+Gorleben+Channel&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Javeri.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - TOUGH-FLAC; a numerical simulator for analysis of coupled thermal-hydrologic-mechanical processes in fractured rock under multi-phase flow condition AN - 1328501998; 2013-031142 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 9 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - fractured materials KW - thermal conductivity KW - spatial data KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - coupling KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - heat flow KW - hydrology KW - numerical models KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mechanical properties KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - physical properties KW - TOUGH KW - multiphase flow KW - waste disposal KW - design KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=Jonny&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=TOUGH-FLAC%3B+a+numerical+simulator+for+analysis+of+coupled+thermal-hydrologic-mechanical+processes+in+fractured+rock+under+multi-phase+flow+condition&rft.title=TOUGH-FLAC%3B+a+numerical+simulator+for+analysis+of+coupled+thermal-hydrologic-mechanical+processes+in+fractured+rock+under+multi-phase+flow+condition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-RutqvistTsang.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Estimating large-scale fractured rock properties from radon data collected in a ventilated tunnel AN - 1328501993; 2013-031130 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Unger, Andre A J AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 7 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - iTOUGH2 KW - calibration KW - radon KW - rock mechanics KW - ventilation KW - noble gases KW - tunnels KW - tuff KW - uncertainty KW - toxic materials KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - porosity KW - models KW - pyroclastics KW - fluctuations KW - safety KW - detection KW - permeability KW - public health KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Unger%2C+Andre+A+J%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Unger&rft.aufirst=Andre+A&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Estimating+large-scale+fractured+rock+properties+from+radon+data+collected+in+a+ventilated+tunnel&rft.title=Estimating+large-scale+fractured+rock+properties+from+radon+data+collected+in+a+ventilated+tunnel&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-UngerFinsterleBodvarsson.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The use of TOUGH2/iTOUGH2 in support of the Yucca Mountain Project; successes and limitations AN - 1328501981; 2013-031134 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 14 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - iTOUGH2 KW - unsaturated zone KW - calibration KW - preferential flow KW - seepage KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - thermal anomalies KW - heat flow KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - high-level waste KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - flow mechanism KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bodvarsson&rft.aufirst=Gudmundur&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+use+of+TOUGH2%2FiTOUGH2+in+support+of+the+Yucca+Mountain+Project%3B+successes+and+limitations&rft.title=The+use+of+TOUGH2%2FiTOUGH2+in+support+of+the+Yucca+Mountain+Project%3B+successes+and+limitations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-BodvarssonBirkholzerF.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling the coupling between flow and transport developed by chemical reactions and density differences using TOUGHREACT AN - 1328501978; 2013-031133 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Kim, Jeongkon AU - Schwartz, Frankoin AU - Shi, Jianyou AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - solute transport KW - density KW - contaminant plumes KW - landfills KW - coupling KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - TOUGHREACT KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - disposal barriers KW - liquid phase KW - patterns KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - two-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - models KW - transient phenomena KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jeongkon%3BSchwartz%2C+Frankoin%3BShi%2C+Jianyou%3BXu%2C+Tianfu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jeongkon&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modeling+the+coupling+between+flow+and+transport+developed+by+chemical+reactions+and+density+differences+using+TOUGHREACT&rft.title=Modeling+the+coupling+between+flow+and+transport+developed+by+chemical+reactions+and+density+differences+using+TOUGHREACT&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-KimSchwartzShiXu.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Simulation of groundwater flow at LBNL using TOUGH2 AN - 1328501971; 2013-031132 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Javandel, Iraj AU - Jordan, Preston D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - unsteady flow KW - iTOUGH2 KW - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory KW - calibration KW - Alameda County California KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - California KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - toxic materials KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - Berkeley California KW - aquifers KW - models KW - transient phenomena KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Quanlin%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BJavandel%2C+Iraj%3BJordan%2C+Preston+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Quanlin&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Simulation+of+groundwater+flow+at+LBNL+using+TOUGH2&rft.title=Simulation+of+groundwater+flow+at+LBNL+using+TOUGH2&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-ZhouBirkholzerJavande.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - 3-D numerical modeling of freshwater lens on atoll islands AN - 1328501968; 2013-031131 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Lee, Alex AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 7 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - water quality KW - meteoric water KW - water supply KW - lenses KW - salt-water intrusion KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - spatial data KW - reefs KW - fresh water KW - preferential flow KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - aquifers KW - spatial distribution KW - atolls KW - shallow aquifers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lee%2C+Alex%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=3-D+numerical+modeling+of+freshwater+lens+on+atoll+islands&rft.title=3-D+numerical+modeling+of+freshwater+lens+on+atoll+islands&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Lee.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A study of reservoir estimation for a deep-seated geothermal reservoir using TOUGH2 and CHEMTOUGH2 AN - 1328501948; 2013-031119 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Sato, Tatsuya AU - Ohsato, Kazumi AU - Shiga, Takahiro AU - Sato, Masatake AU - White, Stephen AU - Kissling, Warwick AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - meteoric water KW - alteration KW - Far East KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - power plants KW - preferential flow KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - measurement KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - Akita Japan KW - chemical properties KW - Honshu KW - thermodynamic properties KW - Asia KW - permeability KW - Japan KW - faults KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sato%2C+Tatsuya%3BOhsato%2C+Kazumi%3BShiga%2C+Takahiro%3BSato%2C+Masatake%3BWhite%2C+Stephen%3BKissling%2C+Warwick%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sato&rft.aufirst=Tatsuya&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=A+study+of+reservoir+estimation+for+a+deep-seated+geothermal+reservoir+using+TOUGH2+and+CHEMTOUGH2&rft.title=A+study+of+reservoir+estimation+for+a+deep-seated+geothermal+reservoir+using+TOUGH2+and+CHEMTOUGH2&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-SatoOhsatoShigaSatoWh.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Numerical modeling of transient Basin and Range extensional geothermal systems AN - 1328501947; 2013-031118 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - McKenna, Jason AU - Blackwell, David AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - North America KW - numerical models KW - Basin and Range Province KW - preferential flow KW - Dixie Valley KW - reservoir rocks KW - models KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - geothermal systems KW - transient phenomena KW - energy sources KW - heat flow KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - faults KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=McKenna%2C+Jason%3BBlackwell%2C+David%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=McKenna&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Numerical+modeling+of+transient+Basin+and+Range+extensional+geothermal+systems&rft.title=Numerical+modeling+of+transient+Basin+and+Range+extensional+geothermal+systems&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-McKennaBlackwell.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - G-Star-Base (G*Base); a data base system for underground information and post-processing for TOUGH2 AN - 1328501945; 2013-031117 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Sato, Tatsuya AU - Ohsato, Kazumi AU - Shiga, Takahiro AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 2 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - well logs KW - time series analysis KW - three-dimensional models KW - spatial data KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - prediction KW - power plants KW - simulation KW - production KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - data bases KW - interpretation KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sato%2C+Tatsuya%3BOhsato%2C+Kazumi%3BShiga%2C+Takahiro%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sato&rft.aufirst=Tatsuya&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=G-Star-Base+%28G*Base%29%3B+a+data+base+system+for+underground+information+and+post-processing+for+TOUGH2&rft.title=G-Star-Base+%28G*Base%29%3B+a+data+base+system+for+underground+information+and+post-processing+for+TOUGH2&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-SatoOhsatoShiga.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - GeoCad; a pre- and postprocessor for TOUGH2 AN - 1328501942; 2013-031116 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Burnell, John AU - White, Stephen AU - Osato, Kazumi AU - Sato, Tatsuya AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 6 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - numerical models KW - spatial data KW - finite difference analysis KW - porous materials KW - CAD KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - visualization KW - multiphase flow KW - graphic methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Burnell%2C+John%3BWhite%2C+Stephen%3BOsato%2C+Kazumi%3BSato%2C+Tatsuya%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Burnell&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GeoCad%3B+a+pre-+and+postprocessor+for+TOUGH2&rft.title=GeoCad%3B+a+pre-+and+postprocessor+for+TOUGH2&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-BurnellWhiteOsatoSato.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling studies of mountain-scale radionuclide transport in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 1328501941; 2013-031129 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Moridis, George AU - Seol, Yongkoo AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 9 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - controls KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - T2R3D KW - tuff KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - faults KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - aquifers KW - models KW - water table KW - pyroclastics KW - infiltration KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Moridis%2C+George%3BSeol%2C+Yongkoo%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modeling+studies+of+mountain-scale+radionuclide+transport+in+the+unsaturated+zone+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.title=Modeling+studies+of+mountain-scale+radionuclide+transport+in+the+unsaturated+zone+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-MoridisSeolWu.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Evaluating the effectiveness of liquid diversion around an underground opening when evaporation in non-negligible AN - 1328501928; 2013-031128 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Ghezzehei, Teamrat AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Trautz, Robert AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 6 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - iTOUGH2 KW - pollution KW - capillarity KW - migration of elements KW - preferential flow KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - radioactive waste KW - ventilation KW - models KW - controls KW - evaporation KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - pore water KW - Nevada KW - disposal barriers KW - diffusivity KW - boundary layer KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ghezzehei%2C+Teamrat%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BTrautz%2C+Robert%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ghezzehei&rft.aufirst=Teamrat&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Evaluating+the+effectiveness+of+liquid+diversion+around+an+underground+opening+when+evaporation+in+non-negligible&rft.title=Evaluating+the+effectiveness+of+liquid+diversion+around+an+underground+opening+when+evaporation+in+non-negligible&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-GhezzeheiTrautzFinsterle.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Inverse modeling of gas, water, and heat flow in bentonite/crushed rock backfill AN - 1328501924; 2013-031127 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Engelhardt, Irina AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - water quality KW - isotopes KW - buffers KW - iTOUGH2 KW - Europe KW - reservoir rocks KW - laboratory studies KW - controls KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - pore pressure KW - disposal barriers KW - soils KW - protection KW - high-level waste KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory KW - Western Europe KW - bentonite KW - pollutants KW - Kalmar Sweden KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - inverse problem KW - migration of elements KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - Sweden KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Engelhardt%2C+Irina%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Engelhardt&rft.aufirst=Irina&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Inverse+modeling+of+gas%2C+water%2C+and+heat+flow+in+bentonite%2Fcrushed+rock+backfill&rft.title=Inverse+modeling+of+gas%2C+water%2C+and+heat+flow+in+bentonite%2Fcrushed+rock+backfill&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Engelhardt.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Coupled subsurface-surface layer gas transport and dispersion of geologic carbon sequestration seepage simulation AN - 1328501893; 2013-031124 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Unger, Andre A J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - concentration KW - dispersivity KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - injection KW - basement KW - pollution KW - turbulence KW - seepage KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - environmental management KW - computer programs KW - transport KW - eddies KW - tracers KW - diffusivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BUnger%2C+Andre+A+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Coupled+subsurface-surface+layer+gas+transport+and+dispersion+of+geologic+carbon+sequestration+seepage+simulation&rft.title=Coupled+subsurface-surface+layer+gas+transport+and+dispersion+of+geologic+carbon+sequestration+seepage+simulation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-OldenburgUnger.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Flow instabilities during injection of CO (sub 2) into saline aquifers AN - 1328501891; 2013-031123 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 9 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - liquid phase KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - injection KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - boundary conditions KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - saturation KW - TOUGH KW - hydrodynamics KW - underground disposal KW - saline composition KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Garcia%2C+Julio%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Garcia&rft.aufirst=Julio&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Flow+instabilities+during+injection+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+into+saline+aquifers&rft.title=Flow+instabilities+during+injection+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+into+saline+aquifers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-GarciaPruess.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling gas reservoir processes with TMVOC V.2.0 AN - 1328501888; 2013-031122 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Battistelli, Alfredo AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Moridis, George AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - simulation KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - oil spills KW - thermochemical properties KW - pH KW - liquid phase KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - injection KW - pollution KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - solubility KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - viscosity KW - volatile organic compounds KW - multiphase flow KW - shallow aquifers KW - TMVOC KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Battistelli%2C+Alfredo%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BMoridis%2C+George%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Battistelli&rft.aufirst=Alfredo&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modeling+gas+reservoir+processes+with+TMVOC+V.2.0&rft.title=Modeling+gas+reservoir+processes+with+TMVOC+V.2.0&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-BattistelliOldenburgM.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Scaling of hot brine injection wells; supplementing field studies with reactive transport modeling AN - 1328501886; 2013-031121 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Ontoy, Yvette AU - Molling, Phil AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Parini, Mauro AU - Pruess, karsten AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 9 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - Far East KW - numerical models KW - physicochemical properties KW - injection KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - transport KW - Philippine Islands KW - Tiwi Field KW - brines KW - chemical properties KW - TOUGHREACT KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - stoichiometry KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ontoy%2C+Yvette%3BMolling%2C+Phil%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BXu%2C+Tianfu%3BParini%2C+Mauro%3BPruess%2C+karsten%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ontoy&rft.aufirst=Yvette&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Scaling+of+hot+brine+injection+wells%3B+supplementing+field+studies+with+reactive+transport+modeling&rft.title=Scaling+of+hot+brine+injection+wells%3B+supplementing+field+studies+with+reactive+transport+modeling&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-OntoyMollingXuSpycher.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling study of the Pauzhetsky geothermal field, Kamchatka, Russia AN - 1328501883; 2013-031120 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Kryukhin, Alexey AU - Yampolsky (Yampolskiy), V A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - well logs KW - numerical models KW - power plants KW - hydrogeology KW - Russian Federation KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - reservoir rocks KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - Kamchatka Russian Federation KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - Pauzhetsky Field KW - enthalpy KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - energy sources KW - pore pressure KW - heat flow KW - discharge KW - Asia KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kryukhin%2C+Alexey%3BYampolsky+%28Yampolskiy%29%2C+V+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kryukhin&rft.aufirst=Alexey&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modeling+study+of+the+Pauzhetsky+geothermal+field%2C+Kamchatka%2C+Russia&rft.title=Modeling+study+of+the+Pauzhetsky+geothermal+field%2C+Kamchatka%2C+Russia&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-KiryukhinYampolsky.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - WinGridder; an interactive grid generator for TOUGH2 AN - 1328501880; 2013-031115 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 6 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - numerical models KW - spatial data KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - models KW - visualization KW - hydrostratigraphy KW - transport KW - heat flow KW - TOUGH KW - graphic methods KW - design KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Pan%2C+Lehua%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Lehua&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WinGridder%3B+an+interactive+grid+generator+for+TOUGH2&rft.title=WinGridder%3B+an+interactive+grid+generator+for+TOUGH2&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Pan.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A 3-dimensional discrete fracture network generator to examine fracture-matrix interaction using TOUGH2 AN - 1328501877; 2013-031114 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Ito, Kazumasa AU - Seol, Yongkoo AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 7 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - three-dimensional models KW - spatial data KW - matrix KW - data processing KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - spatial distribution KW - fractures KW - transient phenomena KW - transport KW - TOUGH KW - hydrodynamics KW - permeability KW - design KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ito%2C+Kazumasa%3BSeol%2C+Yongkoo%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ito&rft.aufirst=Kazumasa&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=A+3-dimensional+discrete+fracture+network+generator+to+examine+fracture-matrix+interaction+using+TOUGH2&rft.title=A+3-dimensional+discrete+fracture+network+generator+to+examine+fracture-matrix+interaction+using+TOUGH2&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-ItoSeol.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Using PetraSim to create, execute, and post-process TOUGH2 models AN - 1328501873; 2013-031113 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Swenson, Daniel AU - Hardeman, Brian AU - Presson, Casey AU - Thornton, Charlie AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - PetraSim KW - numerical models KW - contaminant plumes KW - three-dimensional models KW - spatial data KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - layered materials KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - visualization KW - theoretical models KW - design KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Swenson%2C+Daniel%3BHardeman%2C+Brian%3BPresson%2C+Casey%3BThornton%2C+Charlie%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Swenson&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Using+PetraSim+to+create%2C+execute%2C+and+post-process+TOUGH2+models&rft.title=Using+PetraSim+to+create%2C+execute%2C+and+post-process+TOUGH2+models&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-SwensonEtAl.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - EOSN; a new TOUGH2 module for simulating transport of noble gases in the subsurface AN - 1328501869; 2013-031112 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Shan, Chao AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 5 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - concentration KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - carbon dioxide KW - computer programs KW - recharge KW - detection KW - transport KW - noble gases KW - multiphase flow KW - diffusivity KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Shan%2C+Chao%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shan&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=EOSN%3B+a+new+TOUGH2+module+for+simulating+transport+of+noble+gases+in+the+subsurface&rft.title=EOSN%3B+a+new+TOUGH2+module+for+simulating+transport+of+noble+gases+in+the+subsurface&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-ShanPruess.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - TMVOC, a simulator of multiple volatile organic chemicals AN - 1328501826; 2013-031111 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Battistelli, Alfredo AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - numerical models KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - computer programs KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - TOUGH KW - volatile organic compounds KW - multiphase flow KW - TMVOC KW - soil gases KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten%3BBattistelli%2C+Alfredo%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=TMVOC%2C+a+simulator+of+multiple+volatile+organic+chemicals&rft.title=TMVOC%2C+a+simulator+of+multiple+volatile+organic+chemicals&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-PruessBattistelli.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Application of automatic differentiation in TOUGH2 AN - 1328501820; 2013-031110 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Kim, Johng AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 5 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - TOUGH2 KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - spatial data KW - one-dimensional models KW - injection KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - mathematical geology KW - equations KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - recharge KW - TOUGH KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kim%2C+Johng%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Johng&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Application+of+automatic+differentiation+in+TOUGH2&rft.title=Application+of+automatic+differentiation+in+TOUGH2&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-KimFinsterle.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - An update of the natural state numerical model of Olkaria geothermal system, Kenya AN - 1328501805; 2013-031098 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Ofwona, Cornel AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 5 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - density KW - thermal conductivity KW - East Africa KW - heat capacity KW - water vapor KW - preferential flow KW - reservoir rocks KW - Ololbutot Fault KW - fractures KW - Kenya KW - geothermal systems KW - enthalpy KW - heat flow KW - Olkaria Field KW - faults KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - recharge KW - physical properties KW - TOUGH KW - cap rocks KW - Africa KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ofwona%2C+Cornel%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ofwona&rft.aufirst=Cornel&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=An+update+of+the+natural+state+numerical+model+of+Olkaria+geothermal+system%2C+Kenya&rft.title=An+update+of+the+natural+state+numerical+model+of+Olkaria+geothermal+system%2C+Kenya&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Ofwona.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Development of a 3-D geothermal reservoir model for the greater Hengill Volcano in SW-Iceland AN - 1328501800; 2013-031097 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Bjoernsson, Grimur AU - Hjartarson, Arnar AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur AU - Steingrimsson, Benedikt AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 11 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - spatial data KW - data processing KW - power plants KW - Europe KW - Hellisheidi Field KW - Nesjavellir Field KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - Hengill KW - energy sources KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - anomalies KW - resistivity KW - TEM data KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - TOUGH KW - volcanoes KW - theoretical models KW - Iceland KW - high temperature KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bjoernsson%2C+Grimur%3BHjartarson%2C+Arnar%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur%3BSteingrimsson%2C+Benedikt%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bjoernsson&rft.aufirst=Grimur&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Development+of+a+3-D+geothermal+reservoir+model+for+the+greater+Hengill+Volcano+in+SW-Iceland&rft.title=Development+of+a+3-D+geothermal+reservoir+model+for+the+greater+Hengill+Volcano+in+SW-Iceland&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-BjornssonHiartarsonBo.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - TOUGH symposium 2003 AN - 1328501792; 2013-031096 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - symposia KW - Transport of Unsaturated Groundwater and Heat KW - TOUGH KW - environmental geology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=TOUGH+symposium+2003&rft.title=TOUGH+symposium+2003&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Estimating flow parameters using ground-penetrating radar and hydrological data during transient flow in the vadose zone AN - 1328501780; 2013-031109 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Kowalsky, Michael AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Rubin, Yoram AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 10 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - hydrology KW - pollutants KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - iTOUGH2 KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - boreholes KW - transient phenomena KW - transport KW - saturation KW - hydrodynamics KW - breakthrough curves KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kowalsky%2C+Michael%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BRubin%2C+Yoram%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kowalsky&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Estimating+flow+parameters+using+ground-penetrating+radar+and+hydrological+data+during+transient+flow+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.title=Estimating+flow+parameters+using+ground-penetrating+radar+and+hydrological+data+during+transient+flow+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-KowalskyFinsterleRubin.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The role of unsaturated flow in artificial recharge projects AN - 1328501741; 2013-031108 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Flint, Alan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 6 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - soil mechanics KW - orientation KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - artificial recharge KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - California KW - laboratory studies KW - recharge KW - Southern California KW - transport KW - San Gorgonio Pass KW - theoretical models KW - Cherry Valley KW - San Bernardino County California KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Flint%2C+Alan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+role+of+unsaturated+flow+in+artificial+recharge+projects&rft.title=The+role+of+unsaturated+flow+in+artificial+recharge+projects&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Flint.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Role of soil-rock interaction on recharge into fractured rock AN - 1328501739; 2013-031107 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Bockgard, Niclas AU - Niemi, Auli AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 4 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - soils KW - bedrock KW - numerical models KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - rates KW - equations KW - simulation KW - boundary conditions KW - two-dimensional models KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - recharge KW - water-rock interaction KW - stochastic processes KW - infiltration KW - TOUGH KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - uncertainty KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bockgard%2C+Niclas%3BNiemi%2C+Auli%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bockgard&rft.aufirst=Niclas&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Role+of+soil-rock+interaction+on+recharge+into+fractured+rock&rft.title=Role+of+soil-rock+interaction+on+recharge+into+fractured+rock&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-BockgardNiemi.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Gas tracer tests in an unsaturated fracture; water soluble gases as partitioning tracers AN - 1328501737; 2013-031106 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Lunati, Ivan AU - Kinzelbach, Wolfgang AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 5 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Grimsel Test Site KW - unsaturated zone KW - Europe KW - preferential flow KW - Switzerland KW - ground water KW - partitioning KW - fractures KW - Central Europe KW - tracers KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - injection KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - solubility KW - aquifers KW - models KW - transmissivity KW - saturation KW - theoretical models KW - testing KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lunati%2C+Ivan%3BKinzelbach%2C+Wolfgang%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lunati&rft.aufirst=Ivan&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Gas+tracer+tests+in+an+unsaturated+fracture%3B+water+soluble+gases+as+partitioning+tracers&rft.title=Gas+tracer+tests+in+an+unsaturated+fracture%3B+water+soluble+gases+as+partitioning+tracers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-LunatiKinzelbach.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The active fracture model; its relation to fractal flow patterns and further evaluation using field observations AN - 1328501734; 2013-031105 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Zhang, Guoxiang AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - high-level waste KW - patterns KW - matrix KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - preferential flow KW - Nye County Nevada KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - models KW - fractures KW - transport KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - fractals KW - underground disposal KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BZhang%2C+Guoxiang%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+active+fracture+model%3B+its+relation+to+fractal+flow+patterns+and+further+evaluation+using+field+observations&rft.title=The+active+fracture+model%3B+its+relation+to+fractal+flow+patterns+and+further+evaluation+using+field+observations&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-LiuZhangBodvarsson.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Evaluating conceptual models of flow in unsaturated, fractured porous media AN - 1328501731; 2013-031104 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Podgorney, Robert AU - Fairley, Jerry AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 5 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - unsaturated zone KW - porous materials KW - hydrogeology KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - equilibrium KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - infiltration KW - wettability KW - theoretical models KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Podgorney%2C+Robert%3BFairley%2C+Jerry%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Podgorney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Evaluating+conceptual+models+of+flow+in+unsaturated%2C+fractured+porous+media&rft.title=Evaluating+conceptual+models+of+flow+in+unsaturated%2C+fractured+porous+media&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-PodgorneyFairley.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - iTOUGH2; from parameter estimation to model structure identification AN - 1328501697; 2013-031103 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - kriging KW - iTOUGH2 KW - hydrogeology KW - calibration KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - fractals KW - uncertainty KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - geostatistics KW - models KW - recharge KW - heterogeneous materials KW - TOUGH KW - multiphase flow KW - theoretical models KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+Stefan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=iTOUGH2%3B+from+parameter+estimation+to+model+structure+identification&rft.title=iTOUGH2%3B+from+parameter+estimation+to+model+structure+identification&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-Finsterle.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Simulation of water-rock interaction in the Yellowstone geothermal system using TOUGHREACT AN - 1328501694; 2013-031102 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Dobson, Pat AU - Salah, Sonia AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Sonnenthal, Eric AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 6 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - spatial data KW - rhyolitic composition KW - igneous rocks KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - volcaniclastics KW - geothermal systems KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - energy sources KW - Yellowstone National Park KW - TOUGHREACT KW - tuff KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - Yellowstone Hot Spot KW - porosity KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - pyroclastics KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - precipitation KW - TOUGH KW - pumice KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Dobson%2C+Pat%3BSalah%2C+Sonia%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=Pat&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Simulation+of+water-rock+interaction+in+the+Yellowstone+geothermal+system+using+TOUGHREACT&rft.title=Simulation+of+water-rock+interaction+in+the+Yellowstone+geothermal+system+using+TOUGHREACT&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-DobsonSalahSpycherSon.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modeling of recent volcanic episodes at Phlegrean Fields (Italy); geochemical variations and ground deformation AN - 1328501691; 2013-031101 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Todesco, Micol AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Chiodini, Giovanni AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 8 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - Phlegraean Fields KW - fumaroles KW - coupling KW - Europe KW - fluid dynamics KW - displacements KW - simulation KW - Italy KW - temperature KW - Southern Europe KW - volcanic features KW - transport KW - seismicity KW - energy sources KW - volcanism KW - pore pressure KW - heat flow KW - geochemical anomalies KW - faults KW - numerical models KW - injection KW - solfataras KW - anomalies KW - deformation KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - Campania Italy KW - models KW - calderas KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - TOUGH KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Todesco%2C+Micol%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BChiodini%2C+Giovanni%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Todesco&rft.aufirst=Micol&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Modeling+of+recent+volcanic+episodes+at+Phlegrean+Fields+%28Italy%29%3B+geochemical+variations+and+ground+deformation&rft.title=Modeling+of+recent+volcanic+episodes+at+Phlegrean+Fields+%28Italy%29%3B+geochemical+variations+and+ground+deformation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-TodescoEtAl.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Prediction of formation equilibrium temperature while drilling based on drilling mud temperature; inverse problem using TOUGH2 and wellborne thermal model AN - 1328501685; 2013-031100 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Osato, Kazumi AU - Ujo, Satoshi AU - White, Stephen AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 7 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - numerical models KW - Darcy's law KW - prediction KW - porous materials KW - inverse problem KW - fluid dynamics KW - convection KW - simulation KW - equilibrium KW - temperature KW - rock mechanics KW - fractures KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - drilling muds KW - boreholes KW - energy sources KW - circulation KW - TOUGH KW - drilling KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Osato%2C+Kazumi%3BUjo%2C+Satoshi%3BWhite%2C+Stephen%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Osato&rft.aufirst=Kazumi&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Prediction+of+formation+equilibrium+temperature+while+drilling+based+on+drilling+mud+temperature%3B+inverse+problem+using+TOUGH2+and+wellborne+thermal+model&rft.title=Prediction+of+formation+equilibrium+temperature+while+drilling+based+on+drilling+mud+temperature%3B+inverse+problem+using+TOUGH2+and+wellborne+thermal+model&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-OsatoUjoWhite.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Application of TOUGH2/EWASG to the modelling of salt water injection into a depleted geothermal reservoir; preliminary results AN - 1328501681; 2013-031099 JF - TOUGH symposium 2003 AU - Calore, Claudio AU - Battistelli, Alfredo AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2003 PY - 2003 DA - 2003 SP - 7 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - halides KW - sodium chloride KW - numerical models KW - injection KW - water vapor KW - suspended materials KW - simulation KW - salt water KW - halite KW - two-dimensional models KW - reservoir rocks KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - water-rock interaction KW - energy sources KW - precipitation KW - heat flow KW - TOUGH KW - chlorides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - mass transfer KW - EWASG KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1328501681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Calore%2C+Claudio%3BBattistelli%2C+Alfredo%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Calore&rft.aufirst=Claudio&rft.date=2003-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Application+of+TOUGH2%2FEWASG+to+the+modelling+of+salt+water+injection+into+a+depleted+geothermal+reservoir%3B+preliminary+results&rft.title=Application+of+TOUGH2%2FEWASG+to+the+modelling+of+salt+water+injection+into+a+depleted+geothermal+reservoir%3B+preliminary+results&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://esd.lbl.gov/FILES/research/projects/tough/documentation/proceedings/2003-CaloreBattistelli.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH symposium 2003 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-04-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of formaldehyde, other aldehydes and terpenes in a new manufactured house. AN - 72824538; 12532755 AB - Formaldehyde, less volatile aldehydes, and terpene hydrocarbons are generally the predominant air contaminants in new manufactured and site-built houses. This study was conducted to identify the major sources of these compounds in a typically constructed, new manufactured house and to evaluate several source reduction practices. Specimens of materials used within the house were collected. These were individually pre-conditioned for 19 +/- 4 days, and tested for emissions of formaldehyde and other target compounds using small-scale chambers. Several cabinetry materials, passage doors, and the plywood subfloor were the predominant sources of formaldehyde and other aldehydes. The plywood subfloor was the predominant terpene source. Whole-house emission rates for combined materials were predicted based on the emission factors and the corresponding material quantities. These predicted rates were compared with whole-house emission rates derived from measurements made at the house 3 months after its installation. For 10 of 14 target compounds including formaldehyde, the predicted and derived rates were within a factor of two. Four emission barriers applied to plywood were shown to reduce emission factors for formaldehyde, hexanal, and other aldehydes. JF - Indoor air AU - Hodgson, A T AU - Beal, D AU - McIlvaine, J E R AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 70-108B, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. athodgson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 235 EP - 242 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Aldehydes KW - 0 KW - Disinfectants KW - Terpenes KW - Formaldehyde KW - 1HG84L3525 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Forecasting KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Aldehydes -- analysis KW - Housing KW - Terpenes -- analysis KW - Manufactured Materials KW - Disinfectants -- analysis KW - Formaldehyde -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72824538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Sources+of+formaldehyde%2C+other+aldehydes+and+terpenes+in+a+new+manufactured+house.&rft.au=Hodgson%2C+A+T%3BBeal%2C+D%3BMcIlvaine%2C+J+E+R&rft.aulast=Hodgson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-11 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Performance and costs of particle air filtration technologies. AN - 72823683; 12532754 AB - This paper predicts the reductions in the indoor mass concentrations of particles attainable from use of filters in building supply airstreams and also from use of stand-alone fan-filter units. Filters with a wide efficiency range are considered. Predicted concentration reductions are provided for indoor-generated particles containing dust-mite and cat allergen, for environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) particles, and for outdoor air fine-mode particles. Additionally, this paper uses a simple model and available data to estimate the energy and total costs of the filtration options. Predicted reductions in cat and dust-mite allergen concentrations range from 20 to 80%. To obtain substantial, e.g. 50%, reductions in indoor concentrations of these allergens, the rate of airflow through the filter must be at least a few indoor volumes per hour. Increasing filter efficiencies above approximately ASHRAE Dust Spot 65% does not significantly reduce predicted indoor concentrations of these allergens. For ETS particles and outdoor fine-mode particles, calculations indicate that relatively large, e.g. 80%, decreases in indoor concentrations are attainable with practical filter efficiencies and flow rates. Increasing the filter efficiency above ASHRAE 85% results in only modest predicted incremental decreases in indoor concentration. Energy costs and total costs can be similar for filtration using filters with a wide range of efficiency ratings. Total estimated filtration costs of approximately $0.70 to $1.80 per person per month are insignificant relative to salaries, rent, or health insurance costs. JF - Indoor air AU - Fisk, W J AU - Faulkner, D AU - Palonen, J AU - Seppanen, O AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Indoor Environment Department, MS 90-3058, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. wjfsk@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 223 EP - 234 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Index Medicus KW - Filtration KW - Equipment Design KW - Engineering KW - Costs and Cost Analysis KW - Particle Size KW - Energy-Generating Resources KW - Air Movements KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- economics KW - Ventilation KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72823683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+air&rft.atitle=Performance+and+costs+of+particle+air+filtration+technologies.&rft.au=Fisk%2C+W+J%3BFaulkner%2C+D%3BPalonen%2C+J%3BSeppanen%2C+O&rft.aulast=Fisk&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-02-11 N1 - Date created - 2003-01-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The immunophilin ligand GPI-1046 does not have neuroregenerative effects in MPTP-treated monkeys. AN - 72803359; 12504882 AB - Nonimmunosuppressant immunophilin ligands have been shown to have neurotrophic properties in rodent models of Parkinson's disease (PD), although little is known about the effects of these ligands in primates. The immunophilin ligand, GPI-1046, promotes the regeneration of dopamine (DA) cells in association with functional recovery in rodent models. We explored the regenerative effects of GPI-1046 in an MPTP primate model of PD. We used single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and the DA transporter tracer (DAT), [(123)I]beta-CIT, to evaluate DAT density and clinical recovery before and after treatment with GPI-1046 or vehicle. Subsequent histological studies were also performed. No effects of GPI-1046 were found on any of these measures. These findings show that GPI-1046 does not have regenerative effects in MPTP-treated primates and suggest that there may be species differences with respect to the trophic effects of GPI-1046 on nigrostriatal DA neurons. JF - Experimental neurology AU - Eberling, Jamie L AU - Pivirotto, Phillip AU - Bringas, John AU - Steiner, Joseph P AU - Kordower, Jeffrey H AU - Chu, Yaping AU - Emborg, Marina E AU - Bankiewicz, Krzysztof S AD - Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA. jleberling@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 236 EP - 242 VL - 178 IS - 2 SN - 0014-4886, 0014-4886 KW - GPI 1046 KW - 0 KW - Ligands KW - Pyrrolidines KW - Immunophilins KW - EC 5.2.1.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Macaca mulatta KW - MPTP Poisoning -- drug therapy KW - MPTP Poisoning -- metabolism KW - Pyrrolidines -- therapeutic use KW - Immunophilins -- therapeutic use KW - Nerve Regeneration -- physiology KW - Pyrrolidines -- pharmacology KW - Nerve Regeneration -- drug effects KW - Immunophilins -- pharmacology KW - Immunophilins -- metabolism KW - Pyrrolidines -- metabolism KW - MPTP Poisoning -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72803359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+neurology&rft.atitle=The+immunophilin+ligand+GPI-1046+does+not+have+neuroregenerative+effects+in+MPTP-treated+monkeys.&rft.au=Eberling%2C+Jamie+L%3BPivirotto%2C+Phillip%3BBringas%2C+John%3BSteiner%2C+Joseph+P%3BKordower%2C+Jeffrey+H%3BChu%2C+Yaping%3BEmborg%2C+Marina+E%3BBankiewicz%2C+Krzysztof+S&rft.aulast=Eberling&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=178&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+neurology&rft.issn=00144886&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-21 N1 - Date created - 2002-12-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of plane-wave destruction filters AN - 52020915; 2003-016813 AB - Plane-wave destruction filters originate from a local plane-wave model for characterizing seismic data. These filters can be thought of as a time-distance (T-X) analog of frequency-distance (F-X) prediction-error filters and as an alternative to T-X prediction-error filters. The filters are constructed with the help of an implicit finite-difference scheme for the local plane-wave equation. Several synthetic and real data examples show that finite-difference plane-wave destruction filters perform well in applications such as fault detection, data interpolation, and noise attenuation. JF - Geophysics AU - Fomel, Sergey Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1946 EP - 1960 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 67 IS - 6 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - finite difference analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - interpolation KW - seismic methods KW - noise KW - attenuation KW - detection KW - algorithms KW - instruments KW - filters KW - faults KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52020915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Applications+of+plane-wave+destruction+filters&rft.au=Fomel%2C+Sergey&rft.aulast=Fomel&rft.aufirst=Sergey&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1946&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1527095 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; attenuation; detection; faults; filters; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; instruments; interpolation; noise; seismic methods; statistical analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1527095 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immiscible two-phase fluid flows in deformable porous media AN - 51959841; 2003-054555 AB - Macroscopic differential equations of mass and momentum balance for two immiscible fluids in a deformable porous medium are derived in an Eulerian framework using the continuum theory of mixtures. After inclusion of constitutive relationships, the resulting momentum balance equations feature terms characterizing the coupling among the fluid phases and the solid matrix caused by their relative accelerations. These terms, which imply a number of interesting phenomena, do not appear in current hydrologic models of subsurface multiphase flow. Our equations of momentum balance are shown to reduce to the Berryman-Thigpen-Chen model of bulk elastic wave propagation through unsaturated porous media after simplification (e.g., isothermal conditions, neglect of gravity, etc.) and under the assumption of constant volume fractions and material densities. When specialized to the case of a porous medium containing a single fluid and an elastic solid, our momentum balance equations reduce to the well-known Biot model of poroelasticity. We also show that mass balance alone is sufficient to derive the Biot model stress-strain relations, provided that a closure condition for porosity change suggested by de la Cruz and Spanos is invoked. Finally, a relation between elastic parameters and inertial coupling coefficients is derived that permits the partial differential equations of the Biot model to be decoupled into a telegraph equation and a wave equation whose respective dependent variables are two different linear combinations of the dilatations of the solid and the fluid. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Lo, Wei-Cheng AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Majer, Ernest A2 - Miller, C. T. A2 - Parlange, Marc B. A2 - Hassanizadeh, S. M. Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 1105 EP - 1117 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 25 IS - 8-12 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - two-phase models KW - elasticity KW - strain KW - poroelasticity KW - stress KW - porous materials KW - petroleum KW - mathematical models KW - oil-water interface KW - fluid dynamics KW - deformation KW - ground water KW - immiscibility KW - mathematical methods KW - theoretical models KW - thermomechanical properties KW - reservoir properties KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51959841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Immiscible+two-phase+fluid+flows+in+deformable+porous+media&rft.au=Lo%2C+Wei-Cheng%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BMajer%2C+Ernest&rft.aulast=Lo&rft.aufirst=Wei-Cheng&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8-12&rft.spage=1105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - deformation; elasticity; fluid dynamics; ground water; immiscibility; mathematical methods; mathematical models; oil-water interface; petroleum; poroelasticity; porous materials; reservoir properties; strain; stress; theoretical models; thermomechanical properties; two-phase models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant community composition mediates both large transient decline and predicted long-term recovery of soil carbon under climate warming AN - 51920920; 2003-076001 JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Saleska, Scott R AU - Shaw, M Rebecca AU - Fischer, Marc L AU - Dunne, Jennifer A AU - Still, Christopher J AU - Holman, Melisa L AU - Harte, John Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - December 2002 SP - 18 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - United States KW - subalpine environment KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - Rock Mountain Biological Laboratory KW - mass spectra KW - Gunnison County Colorado KW - global change KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - accelerator mass spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - short-term response KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - global warming KW - soils KW - North America KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - biodiversity KW - elevation KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon cycle KW - Colorado KW - soil gases KW - Rocky Mountains KW - field studies KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51920920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Plant+community+composition+mediates+both+large+transient+decline+and+predicted+long-term+recovery+of+soil+carbon+under+climate+warming&rft.au=Saleska%2C+Scott+R%3BShaw%2C+M+Rebecca%3BFischer%2C+Marc+L%3BDunne%2C+Jennifer+A%3BStill%2C+Christopher+J%3BHolman%2C+Melisa+L%3BHarte%2C+John&rft.aulast=Saleska&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001GB001573 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accelerator mass spectra; biodiversity; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; chemical fractionation; climate change; Colorado; degradation; ecology; elevation; experimental studies; field studies; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; global change; global warming; Gunnison County Colorado; laboratory studies; mass spectra; North America; Plantae; quantitative analysis; Rock Mountain Biological Laboratory; Rocky Mountains; short-term response; soil gases; soils; spectra; subalpine environment; terrestrial environment; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001GB001573 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Information entropy to measure temporal and spatial complexity of unsaturated flow in heterogeneous media AN - 18859812; 5593752 AB - Geologic heterogeneity, coupled with the nonlinear interplay of gravity, capillarity, and applied pressure gradients, results in a rich variety of flow behaviors in unsaturated fractured rocks and porous media. In this paper, we evaluate the complexity of these behaviors using information entropy. We create an empirical probability distribution function directly from a data set, then apply Shannon's definition of information entropy to quantify the complexity of the data. As an example, we use information entropy to evaluate the temporal and spatial complexity of simulated flow processes invoked by infiltration into heterogeneous porous media. Our analysis shows that the complexity of this unsaturated flow process depends on both geologic heterogeneity and uncertainty arising from the flow dynamics. Finally, we investigate the marginal value of additional data collection using randomly selected "virtual wells." These calculations demonstrate that computed information entropy increases with additional virtual wells, but the rate of increase declines. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Mays, D C AU - Faybishenko, BA AU - Finsterle, S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 VL - 38 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Probability Distribution KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Groundwater flow KW - Probability calculations KW - Statistical analysis KW - Flow in porous media KW - Network Design KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Infiltration KW - Groundwater Data KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Data Interpretation KW - Heterogeneity KW - Entropy KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - M2 556.14:Infiltration/Soil Moisture (556.14) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18859812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Information+entropy+to+measure+temporal+and+spatial+complexity+of+unsaturated+flow+in+heterogeneous+media&rft.au=Mays%2C+D+C%3BFaybishenko%2C+BA%3BFinsterle%2C+S&rft.aulast=Mays&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR001185 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Probability calculations; Statistical analysis; Infiltration; Flow in porous media; Entropy; Flow; Hydrodynamics; Distribution (Mathematical); Groundwater flow; Heterogeneity; Probability Distribution; Unsaturated Flow; Groundwater Data; Network Design; Data Interpretation; Groundwater Movement DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR001185 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Semianalytical solutions of radioactive or reactive solute transport in variably fractured layered media AN - 18713685; 5593749 AB - In this paper, semianalytical solutions are developed for the problem of transport of radioactive or reactive solute tracers through a layered system of heterogeneous fractured media with misaligned fractures. The tracer transport equations in the nonflowing matrix account for (1) diffusion, (2) surface diffusion, (3) mass transfer between mobile and immobile water fractions, (4) linear kinetic or equilibrium physical, chemical, or combined sorption or colloid filtration, and (5) radioactive decay or first-order chemical reactions. The tracer transport equations in the fractures account for the same processes, in addition to advection and hydrodynamic dispersion. Any number of radioactive decay daughter products (or products of a linear, first-order reaction chain) can be tracked. The solutions, which are analytical in the Laplace space, are numerically inverted to provide the solution in time and can accommodate any number of fractured and/or porous layers. The solutions are verified using analytical and numerical solutions for limiting cases of solute and colloid transport through fractured and porous media. The effect of important parameters on the transport of super(3)H, super(99)Tc, super(237)Np, and super(239)Pu (and its daughters) is investigated in several test problems involving layered geological systems of varying complexity. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Moridis, G J AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 VL - 38 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Radioactive Tracers KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Sorption KW - Diffusion Coefficient KW - Mathematical Models KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Groundwater flow KW - Mass Transfer KW - Tracers (Radioactive) KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Solutes KW - Solute Transport KW - Fracturing KW - Chemical Reactions KW - Diffusion KW - Mass transfer KW - Sorption (see also Absorption, Adsorption) KW - Groundwater Movement KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18713685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Semianalytical+solutions+of+radioactive+or+reactive+solute+transport+in+variably+fractured+layered+media&rft.au=Moridis%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR001028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution (Groundwater); Solutes; Hydrodynamics; Fracturing; Groundwater flow; Diffusion; Sorption (see also Absorption, Adsorption); Mass transfer; Tracers (Radioactive); Sorption; Geologic Fractures; Radioactive Tracers; Mathematical Models; Diffusion Coefficient; Path of Pollutants; Solute Transport; Fate of Pollutants; Chemical Reactions; Mass Transfer; Groundwater Movement DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR001028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapidly Locating and Characterizing Pollutant Releases in Buildings AN - 18685973; 5569793 AB - Releases of airborne contaminants in or near a building can lead to significant human exposures unless prompt response measures are taken. However, possible responses can include conflicting strategies, such as shutting the ventilation system off versus running it in a purge mode or having occupants evacuate versus sheltering in place. The proper choice depends in part on knowing the source locations, the amounts released, and the likely future dispersion routes of the pollutants. We present an approach that estimates this information in real time. It applies Bayesian statistics to interpret measurements of airborne pollutant concentrations from multiple sensors placed in the building and computes best estimates and uncertainties of the release conditions. The algorithm is fast, capable of continuously updating the estimates as measurements stream in from sensors. We demonstrate the approach using a hypothetical pollutant release in a five-room building. Unknowns to the interpretation algorithm include location, duration, and strength of the source, and some building and weather conditions. Two sensor sampling plans and three levels of data quality are examined. Data interpretation in all examples is rapid; however, locating and characterizing the source with high probability depends on the amount and quality of data and the sampling plan. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Sohn, MD AU - Reynolds, P AU - Singh, N AU - Gadgil, A J AD - Indoor Environmental Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2002/12// PY - 2002 DA - Dec 2002 SP - 1422 EP - 1432 VL - 52 IS - 12 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Pollution detection KW - Sensors KW - Ventilation KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Buildings KW - Meteorology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18685973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Rapidly+Locating+and+Characterizing+Pollutant+Releases+in+Buildings&rft.au=Sohn%2C+MD%3BReynolds%2C+P%3BSingh%2C+N%3BGadgil%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Sohn&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=2002-12-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution detection; Ventilation; Sensors; Indoor air pollution; Pollution dispersion; Meteorology; Buildings ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micron scale mineralogy AN - 1037237350; 2012-075525 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Caldwell, W A AU - Tamura, N AU - Celestre, R S AU - Padmore, H A AU - Patel, J R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11/19/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 19 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - synchrotron radiation KW - methods KW - micron scale KW - heterogeneous materials KW - X-ray analysis KW - crystal structure KW - applications KW - mineralogy KW - crystallography KW - X-ray diffraction analysis KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1037237350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Micron+scale+mineralogy&rft.au=Caldwell%2C+W+A%3BTamura%2C+N%3BCelestre%2C+R+S%3BPadmore%2C+H+A%3BPatel%2C+J+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Caldwell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-11-19&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-08-31 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; crystal structure; crystallography; heterogeneous materials; methods; micron scale; mineralogy; synchrotron radiation; X-ray analysis; X-ray diffraction analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decrease in hnRNP A/B expression during erythropoiesis mediates a pre-mRNA splicing switch. AN - 72672543; 12426391 AB - A physiologically important alternative pre-mRNA splicing switch, involving activation of protein 4.1R exon 16 (E16) splicing, is required for the establishment of proper mechanical integrity of the erythrocyte membrane during erythropoiesis. Here we identify a conserved exonic splicing silencer element (CE(16)) in E16 that interacts with hnRNP A/B proteins and plays a role in repression of E16 splicing during early erythropoiesis. Experiments with model pre-mRNAs showed that CE(16) can repress splicing of upstream introns, and that mutagenesis or replacement of CE(16) can relieve this inhibition. An affinity selection assay with biotinylated CE(16) RNA demonstrated specific binding of hnRNP A/B proteins. Depletion of hnRNP A/B proteins from nuclear extract significantly increased E16 inclusion, while repletion with recombinant hnRNP A/B restored E16 silencing. Most importantly, differentiating mouse erythroblasts exhibited a stage-specific activation of the E16 splicing switch in concert with a dramatic and specific down-regulation of hnRNP A/B protein expression. These findings demonstrate that natural developmental changes in hnRNP A/B proteins can effect physiologically important switches in pre-mRNA splicing. JF - The EMBO journal AU - Hou, Victor C AU - Lersch, Robert AU - Gee, Sherry L AU - Ponthier, Julie L AU - Lo, Annie J AU - Wu, Michael AU - Turck, Chris W AU - Koury, Mark AU - Krainer, Adrian R AU - Mayeda, Akila AU - Conboy, John G AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2002/11/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Nov 15 SP - 6195 EP - 6204 VL - 21 IS - 22 SN - 0261-4189, 0261-4189 KW - Cytoskeletal Proteins KW - 0 KW - Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Neuropeptides KW - Proteins KW - RNA Precursors KW - RNA-Binding Proteins KW - erythrocyte membrane band 4.1 protein KW - erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1-like 1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Vertebrates -- genetics KW - RNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - HeLa Cells KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Protein Binding KW - Introns -- genetics KW - Mutagenesis KW - Exons -- genetics KW - Xenopus laevis KW - Base Sequence KW - Sequence Alignment KW - Transfection KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Consensus Sequence KW - Species Specificity KW - RNA Precursors -- metabolism KW - Gene Silencing KW - Erythropoiesis -- genetics KW - Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B -- biosynthesis KW - Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B -- genetics KW - Erythroid Precursor Cells -- metabolism KW - Proteins -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- genetics KW - Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid KW - Alternative Splicing KW - Erythroid Precursor Cells -- cytology KW - RNA Precursors -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72672543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+EMBO+journal&rft.atitle=Decrease+in+hnRNP+A%2FB+expression+during+erythropoiesis+mediates+a+pre-mRNA+splicing+switch.&rft.au=Hou%2C+Victor+C%3BLersch%2C+Robert%3BGee%2C+Sherry+L%3BPonthier%2C+Julie+L%3BLo%2C+Annie+J%3BWu%2C+Michael%3BTurck%2C+Chris+W%3BKoury%2C+Mark%3BKrainer%2C+Adrian+R%3BMayeda%2C+Akila%3BConboy%2C+John+G&rft.aulast=Hou&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2002-11-15&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=6195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+EMBO+journal&rft.issn=02614189&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-02 N1 - Date created - 2002-11-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: RNA. 1997 Sep;3(9):996-1015 [9292499] EMBO J. 1999 Apr 1;18(7):1939-52 [10202157] J Biol Chem. 1998 May 8;273(19):11643-9 [9565584] EMBO J. 1998 May 15;17(10):2904-13 [9582284] Genes Dev. 1998 Jul 1;12(13):1998-2012 [9649504] Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Sep;18(9):5404-13 [9710624] Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;19(1):251-60 [9858549] Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;19(1):261-73 [9858550] Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Feb 15;27(4):1126-34 [9927747] Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Mar;19(3):1853-63 [10022872] Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1999 Feb;220(2):73-8 [10049099] Genes Dev. 1999 Feb 15;13(4):462-71 [10049361] Methods Mol Biol. 1999;118:309-14 [10549533] Methods Mol Biol. 1999;118:315-21 [10549534] Blood. 2000 Jan 15;95(2):692-9 [10627481] Trends Biochem Sci. 2000 Aug;25(8):381-8 [10916158] J Biol Chem. 2000 Nov 10;275(45):35353-60 [10958793] Nature. 2001 Feb 15;409(6822):860-921 [11237011] J Virol. 2001 Sep;75(18):8487-97 [11507194] EMBO J. 2001 Oct 15;20(20):5748-58 [11598017] Blood. 2001 Dec 15;98(13):3809-16 [11739190] Mol Cell. 2001 Dec;8(6):1351-61 [11779509] J Cell Physiol. 1984 Dec;121(3):526-32 [6501430] J Clin Invest. 1986 Jul;78(1):80-5 [3722387] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Feb;84(4):1035-9 [3469646] Methods Enzymol. 1987;147:340-52 [3670091] J Cell Biol. 1989 Dec;109(6 Pt 1):3005-13 [2574178] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Aug;87(16):6253-7 [2143583] J Biol Chem. 1991 May 5;266(13):8273-80 [2022644] Blood. 1991 Nov 1;78(9):2438-43 [1932756] Cell. 1992 Jan 24;68(2):365-75 [1531115] Genes Dev. 1992 Aug;6(8):1386-401 [1322855] Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Sep;12(9):3872-82 [1508190] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Dec 1;89(23):11224-8 [1454802] J Clin Invest. 1993 Jan;91(1):329-38 [8423229] J Biol Chem. 1993 Feb 15;268(5):3758-66 [8429050] Genes Dev. 1993 Mar;7(3):407-18 [8449402] J Biol Chem. 1993 Apr 5;268(10):7186-95 [8463254] Mol Cell Biol. 1993 May;13(5):2993-3001 [8474457] Blood. 1993 Oct 15;82(8):2558-63 [8400303] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 19;91(15):6924-8 [8041722] Science. 1994 Sep 16;265(5179):1706-9 [8085156] EMBO J. 1994 Nov 15;13(22):5483-95 [7957114] J Biol Chem. 1995 Feb 10;270(6):2411-4 [7852296] Genes Dev. 1995 Feb 1;9(3):284-93 [7867927] Anal Biochem. 1995 Jan 1;224(1):451-5 [7710111] Nucleic Acids Res. 1995 May 11;23(9):1625-31 [7784220] Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Aug;15(8):4606-15 [7623852] J Cell Biol. 1995 Aug;130(4):897-907 [7642705] Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Sep;15(9):4825-34 [7651400] J Biol Chem. 1995 Sep 8;270(36):21243-50 [7673158] Blood. 1995 Dec 1;86(11):4315-22 [7492792] Nucleic Acids Res. 1996 Jun 1;24(11):2017-21 [8668531] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1996 Apr;6(2):215-20 [8722179] Trends Genet. 1996 Nov;12(11):472-8 [8973158] Genomics. 1997 Feb 1;39(3):289-302 [9119366] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1997 Apr;7(2):205-11 [9115432] Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1997 Jun;9(3):350-7 [9159075] Mol Cell Biol. 1997 Aug;17(8):4667-76 [9234723] Genes Dev. 1999 May 1;13(9):1102-15 [10323862] Mol Biol Cell. 1999 Jun;10(6):1783-98 [10359596] EMBO J. 1999 Jul 15;18(14):4060-7 [10406810] J Biol Chem. 1997 Dec 26;272(52):33394-401 [9407134] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suspended particle organic composition and cycling in surface and midwaters of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean AN - 861983194; 2011-032833 AB - In this study we relate spatial and temporal variation in the organic composition of suspended particles to current conceptual models of open-ocean particle cycling. Suspended particles in surface (0-200 m) and midwaters (200-1000 m) of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean were collected during the 1992 US JGOFS Equatorial Pacific (EqPac) program. Samples collected during El Nino (Survey I) and normal conditions (Survey II) were analyzed for pigment, amino acid, fatty acid, and neutral lipid concentrations and compositions. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and other statistical methods were used to assess changes in particulate organic composition between Surveys I and II, over 24 degrees of latitude, from 15 to 850 m depth, and to compare our compositional data with previously published data from EqPac sinking particles. These analyses indicated that surface suspended particles (0-200 m) were similar in composition to surface ocean phytoplankton and were less degraded than particles sinking out of the euphotic zone (105 m). The organic composition of suspended particles in surface waters varied with latitudinal and El-Nino-induced changes in phytoplankton assemblages. Midwater suspended particles (200-1000 m) contained labile phytodetrital material derived from particles exiting the euphotic zone (105 m). However, labile organic constituents of midwater suspended particles were increasingly degraded by microbes or consumed by midwater metazoans with depth. The increase in degradation state observed for midwater suspended particles may also have been caused by dilution of deeper (450-850 m) suspended particle pools with more refractory material originating from fast-sinking particles, e.g., fecal pellets. However, the mechanism controlling midwater particle degradation state varied with flux regime; dilution of midwater suspended particles dominated only in the higher flux regime found at equatorial latitudes (5 degrees N-5 degrees S) during Survey II (normal conditions). In summary, it is apparent that organic matter alteration in midwaters, and not cycling within the euphotic zone, has the larger effect on organic composition of suspended particles in the deep Equatorial Pacific Ocean. JF - Deep-Sea Research. Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers AU - Sheridan, C C AU - Lee, C AU - Wakeham, S G AU - Bishop, J K B Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1983 EP - 2008 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 49 IS - 11 SN - 0967-0637, 0967-0637 KW - sea water KW - principal components analysis KW - lipids KW - enrichment KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - sinks KW - suspended materials KW - Equatorial Pacific KW - biomarkers KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - deposition KW - El Nino KW - amino acids KW - Pacific Ocean KW - particulate materials KW - geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/861983194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deep-Sea+Research.+Part+I%3A+Oceanographic+Research+Papers&rft.atitle=Suspended+particle+organic+composition+and+cycling+in+surface+and+midwaters+of+the+Equatorial+Pacific+Ocean&rft.au=Sheridan%2C+C+C%3BLee%2C+C%3BWakeham%2C+S+G%3BBishop%2C+J+K+B&rft.aulast=Sheridan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1983&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Deep-Sea+Research.+Part+I%3A+Oceanographic+Research+Papers&rft.issn=09670637&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09670637 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 98 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - DRPPD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amino acids; biomarkers; deposition; El Nino; enrichment; Equatorial Pacific; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; lipids; organic acids; organic compounds; Pacific Ocean; particulate materials; principal components analysis; sea water; sinks; statistical analysis; surface water; suspended materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular changes accompanying senescence and immortalization of cultured human mammary epithelial cells. AN - 72040812; 12200033 AB - Limits on the proliferative potential of cultured normal human cells may be consequences of pathways that exist to suppress tumorigenicity. Human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) employ several mechanisms to prevent unlimited growth. One mechanism may be activated by stress, and is associated with upregulated expression of p16(INK4a). In serum-free medium, some HMEC arise spontaneously which do not express p16. These "post-selection" HMEC are capable of long-term proliferation, but ultimately cease growth when their telomeres become very short. As they approach a growth plateau, termed agonescence, post-selection HMEC populations accumulate chromosome abnormalities. In contrast to the crisis exhibited by cells lacking functional p53, agonescent cells can be maintained as viable cultures. Although transduction of hTERT, the catalytic subunit of telomerase, into post-selection cells can, by itself, efficiently produce immortality and avoid agonescence, the errors that produce telomerase reactivation during carcinogenesis are not known. The block to endogenous telomerase reactivation in HMEC is extremely stringent. However, if one predisposing error is present, the probability greatly increases that additional error(s) required for immortalization may be generated by genomic instability encountered during agonescence. In p53(+) HMEC immortalized after chemical carcinogen exposure, the events involved in overcoming agonescence can be temporally separated from activation of telomerase. We have used the term "conversion" to describe the gradual process that leads to telomerase activation, telomere length stabilization, decreased p57 (KIP2) expression, and increased ability to grow uniformly well in the presence or absence of TGF beta. In the presence of active p53, conversion may represent a rate-limiting step in immortal transformation. JF - The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology AU - Yaswen, Paul AU - Stampfer, Martha R AD - Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 70A-1118, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. p_yaswen@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1382 EP - 1394 VL - 34 IS - 11 SN - 1357-2725, 1357-2725 KW - CDKN1C protein, human KW - 0 KW - Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 KW - Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Trans-Activators KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - ZNF217 protein, human KW - Telomerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Index Medicus KW - Trans-Activators -- metabolism KW - Cell Size KW - Trans-Activators -- genetics KW - Genes, myc KW - Humans KW - Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 -- metabolism KW - Nuclear Proteins -- metabolism KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- metabolism KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- metabolism KW - Telomerase -- metabolism KW - Epithelial Cells -- metabolism KW - Epithelial Cells -- cytology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Cell Aging -- physiology KW - Breast -- cytology KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72040812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+international+journal+of+biochemistry+%26+cell+biology&rft.atitle=Molecular+changes+accompanying+senescence+and+immortalization+of+cultured+human+mammary+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=Yaswen%2C+Paul%3BStampfer%2C+Martha+R&rft.aulast=Yaswen&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+international+journal+of+biochemistry+%26+cell+biology&rft.issn=13572725&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-20 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of single-phase and multiphase non-Darcy flow in porous and fractured reservoirs AN - 52059229; 2002-065937 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Wu, Yu-Shu Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 209 EP - 240 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - fractured materials KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - steady flow KW - Darcy's law KW - porous materials KW - mathematical geology KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - steady-state processes KW - multiphase flow KW - theoretical models KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52059229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+single-phase+and+multiphase+non-Darcy+flow+in+porous+and+fractured+reservoirs&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; capillary pressure; Darcy's law; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; mathematical geology; multiphase flow; numerical models; permeability; porosity; porous materials; preferential flow; reservoir rocks; simulation; steady flow; steady-state processes; theoretical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - O (sub 2) volumes at high pressure from KClO (sub 4) decomposition; D" as a siderophile element pump instead of a lid on the core AN - 52002285; 2003-025607 AB - New measurements of the high-pressure volume of oxygen make plausible old, controversial diamond anvil cell (DAC) observations of a high-pressure reaction between liquid Fe and Fe-bearing silicate in which FeO dissolved into liquid Fe. If the Earth's D" layer between core and mantle is the waste product of this reaction proceeding forward with oxygen transfer to the core, then D" would form an effective lid preventing escape of siderophile elements from the core. On the other hand, it is at least as plausible that the core is now oxygen saturated and that core cooling and internal crystallization drive this reaction backward with transfer of Fe- and O-rich material out of the core into D. The (super 186) Os anomalies in some plume basalts are more consistent with this D" as a siderophile element pump scenario than the D" as-lid scenario. Contributions of siderophile elements to the mantle from the core could assist in balancing the persistently enigmatic budget of these elements. JF - Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems - G3 AU - Walker, D AU - Clark, S M AU - Cranswick, L M D AU - Johnson, M C AU - Jones, R L Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 26 PB - American Geophysical Union and The Geochemical Society VL - 3 IS - 11 KW - ultrahigh pressure KW - lower mantle KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - oxygen KW - mantle KW - core KW - siderophile elements KW - high pressure KW - D double prime layer KW - potassium perchlorate KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemistry%2C+Geophysics%2C+Geosystems+-+G3&rft.atitle=O+%28sub+2%29+volumes+at+high+pressure+from+KClO+%28sub+4%29+decomposition%3B+D%22+as+a+siderophile+element+pump+instead+of+a+lid+on+the+core&rft.au=Walker%2C+D%3BClark%2C+S+M%3BCranswick%2C+L+M+D%3BJohnson%2C+M+C%3BJones%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemistry%2C+Geophysics%2C+Geosystems+-+G3&rft.issn=1525-2027&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001GC000225 L2 - http://g-cubed.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Jan. 24, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - core; D double prime layer; experimental studies; high pressure; lower mantle; mantle; oxygen; potassium perchlorate; pressure; siderophile elements; ultrahigh pressure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001GC000225 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water Resources Research AN - 51958302; 2003-053196 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Liu, H H AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Pan, Lehua Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 2 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - critical review KW - water quality KW - fractures KW - breakthrough curves KW - porosity KW - particles KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51958302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.au=Liu%2C+H+H%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BPan%2C+Lehua&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002WR001568 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Hassan, A. E., Water Resources Research, Vol. 38, No. 11, DOI 10.1029/2000WR000132 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breakthrough curves; critical review; fractures; ground water; particles; porosity; solute transport; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001568 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial reduction of elemental selenium to selenide in anoxic sediments; a XANES study AN - 51714944; 2005-042218 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Herbel, Mitchell J AU - Blum, Jodi Switzer AU - Borglin, Sharon E AU - Oremland, Ronald S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - F1396 EP - F1397 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - selenides KW - experimental studies KW - selenium KW - X-ray spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - California KW - laboratory studies KW - marine sediments KW - biogenic processes KW - San Francisco Bay KW - sediments KW - anaerobic environment KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - microorganisms KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51714944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Microbial+reduction+of+elemental+selenium+to+selenide+in+anoxic+sediments%3B+a+XANES+study&rft.au=Herbel%2C+Mitchell+J%3BBlum%2C+Jodi+Switzer%3BBorglin%2C+Sharon+E%3BOremland%2C+Ronald+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Herbel&rft.aufirst=Mitchell&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; biogenic processes; California; chemical fractionation; Eh; experimental studies; geochemistry; laboratory studies; marine sediments; microorganisms; reduction; San Francisco Bay; sediments; selenides; selenium; spectra; United States; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusive separation of noble gases by adsorption and throat constrictions; explaining noble gas patterns in sedimentary rocks AN - 51714636; 2005-042288 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Torgersen, Thomas AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - van Soest, M C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - concentration KW - diffusion KW - isotopes KW - enrichment KW - alkali metals KW - adsorption KW - xenon KW - argon KW - models KW - sedimentary rocks KW - noble gases KW - neon KW - metals KW - tracers KW - potassium KW - geochemistry KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51714636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Diffusive+separation+of+noble+gases+by+adsorption+and+throat+constrictions%3B+explaining+noble+gas+patterns+in+sedimentary+rocks&rft.au=Torgersen%2C+Thomas%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3Bvan+Soest%2C+M+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Torgersen&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; argon; concentration; diffusion; enrichment; geochemistry; isotopes; metals; models; neon; noble gases; potassium; sedimentary rocks; tracers; xenon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U-Th-He age determinations on volcanic rocks; a new tool for Quaternary geochronology AN - 51712712; 2005-042287 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Aciego, Sarah M AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Christensen, John N AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Hutcheon, Ian D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - methods KW - diffusion KW - volcanic rocks KW - Quaternary KW - Vesuvius KW - isotope ratios KW - igneous rocks KW - garnet group KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - Campania Italy KW - nesosilicates KW - models KW - Cenozoic KW - (U-Th)/He KW - orthosilicates KW - absolute age KW - volcanoes KW - thermochronology KW - phenocrysts KW - diffusivity KW - 03:Geochronology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51712712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=U-Th-He+age+determinations+on+volcanic+rocks%3B+a+new+tool+for+Quaternary+geochronology&rft.au=Aciego%2C+Sarah+M%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BHutcheon%2C+Ian+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Aciego&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - (U-Th)/He; absolute age; Campania Italy; Cenozoic; diffusion; diffusivity; Europe; garnet group; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; Italy; methods; models; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; phenocrysts; Quaternary; silicates; Southern Europe; thermochronology; Vesuvius; volcanic rocks; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zn speciation in two Fe-Mn banded systems AN - 51712464; 2005-042219 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Marcus, Matthew AU - Manceau, Alain AU - Kersten, Michael AU - Tazaki, Kazue AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - zinc KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - Far East KW - banded iron formations KW - manganese KW - iron KW - spatial variations KW - sedimentary rocks KW - iron formations KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - North Atlantic KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - Japan KW - Baltic Sea KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - southern Japan KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51712464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Zn+speciation+in+two+Fe-Mn+banded+systems&rft.au=Marcus%2C+Matthew%3BManceau%2C+Alain%3BKersten%2C+Michael%3BTazaki%2C+Kazue%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Atlantic Ocean; Baltic Sea; banded iron formations; chemical fractionation; chemically precipitated rocks; EXAFS data; Far East; geochemistry; iron; iron formations; Japan; manganese; metals; North Atlantic; sedimentary rocks; southern Japan; spatial variations; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure of the hydrated hematite (0001) surface AN - 51699694; 2005-040455 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Trainor, Thomas P AU - Eng, Peter J AU - Waychunas, Glenn AU - Catalano, Jeffrey C AU - Brown, Gordon E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - models KW - lattice KW - hematite KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxides KW - mineral-water interface KW - crystal structure KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51699694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Structure+of+the+hydrated+hematite+%280001%29+surface&rft.au=Trainor%2C+Thomas+P%3BEng%2C+Peter+J%3BWaychunas%2C+Glenn%3BCatalano%2C+Jeffrey+C%3BBrown%2C+Gordon+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Trainor&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; crystal structure; hematite; ions; lattice; mineral-water interface; models; oxides; physicochemical properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated geophysical characterization of a NAPL-contaminated site using borehole and laboratory measurements AN - 51699629; 2005-040415 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B AU - Geller, Jil T AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Peterson, John E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Harris, Jerry M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - P-waves KW - seismic anomalies KW - waste disposal sites KW - elastic waves KW - Florida KW - cores KW - laboratory studies KW - attenuation KW - body waves KW - experimental studies KW - well logs KW - Pinellas County Florida KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - effects KW - seismic methods KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - boreholes KW - hydrocarbons KW - seismic waves KW - acoustical waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51699629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Integrated+geophysical+characterization+of+a+NAPL-contaminated+site+using+borehole+and+laboratory+measurements&rft.au=Ajo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B%3BGeller%2C+Jil+T%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BPeterson%2C+John+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BHarris%2C+Jerry+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ajo-Franklin&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical waves; attenuation; body waves; boreholes; cores; effects; elastic waves; experimental studies; Florida; geophysical methods; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; P-waves; Pinellas County Florida; pollutants; pollution; radar methods; seismic anomalies; seismic methods; seismic waves; tomography; United States; waste disposal sites; well logs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of lateral gene transfer in an acid mine drainage community enabled by comparative genomics AN - 51695377; 2005-054663 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hugenholtz, Philip AU - Croft, Larry AU - Tyson, Gene W AU - Baker, Brett J AU - Detter, Chris AU - Richardson, Paul M AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Iron Mountain KW - communities KW - acid mine drainage KW - living taxa KW - pollution KW - prokaryotes KW - Ferroplasma KW - Sulfolobus KW - genome KW - California KW - Alpine County California KW - acidophilic taxa KW - lateral gene transfer KW - Richmond Mine KW - biofilms KW - Thermoplasma KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51695377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Study+of+lateral+gene+transfer+in+an+acid+mine+drainage+community+enabled+by+comparative+genomics&rft.au=Hugenholtz%2C+Philip%3BCroft%2C+Larry%3BTyson%2C+Gene+W%3BBaker%2C+Brett+J%3BDetter%2C+Chris%3BRichardson%2C+Paul+M%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hugenholtz&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; acidophilic taxa; Alpine County California; biofilms; California; communities; Ferroplasma; genome; Iron Mountain; lateral gene transfer; living taxa; microorganisms; pollution; prokaryotes; Richmond Mine; Sulfolobus; Thermoplasma; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Culture-independent community genomics study of microogranisms associated with acid mine drainage AN - 51693894; 2005-054637 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Tyson, Gene W AU - Hugenholtz, Philip AU - Detter, Christopher AU - Richardson, Paul M AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - communities KW - Leptospirillum KW - Archaea KW - acid mine drainage KW - phylogeny KW - pollution KW - Nitrospirae KW - California KW - laboratory studies KW - Redding California KW - Richmond Mine KW - bacteria KW - Shasta County California KW - DNA KW - ecology KW - species diversity KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51693894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Culture-independent+community+genomics+study+of+microogranisms+associated+with+acid+mine+drainage&rft.au=Tyson%2C+Gene+W%3BHugenholtz%2C+Philip%3BDetter%2C+Christopher%3BRichardson%2C+Paul+M%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tyson&rft.aufirst=Gene&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Archaea; bacteria; California; communities; DNA; ecology; experimental studies; laboratory studies; Leptospirillum; microorganisms; Nitrospirae; phylogeny; pollution; Redding California; Richmond Mine; Shasta County California; species diversity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace metal sequestration by the manganese oxidizing bacterium Pseudomonas putida AN - 51692333; 2005-056163 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Toner, Brandy AU - Manceau, Alain AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1425 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - experimental studies KW - sequestration KW - oxidation KW - complexing KW - pollution KW - Pseudomonas KW - manganese KW - biogenic processes KW - catalysis KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - biofilms KW - bacteria KW - manganese oxides KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - trace metals KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51692333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Trace+metal+sequestration+by+the+manganese+oxidizing+bacterium+Pseudomonas+putida&rft.au=Toner%2C+Brandy%3BManceau%2C+Alain%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Toner&rft.aufirst=Brandy&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biofilms; biogenic processes; catalysis; chemical reactions; complexing; EXAFS data; experimental studies; geochemistry; manganese; manganese oxides; metals; oxidation; oxides; pollution; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas putida; sequestration; trace metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace metal sequestration by and structure of Mn oxide produced by Peudomonas putida AN - 51690886; 2005-056164 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Manceau, Alain AU - Toner, Brandy AU - Lanson, Bruno AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Villalobos, Mario AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1425 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - zinc KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - sequestration KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - pollution KW - Pseudomonas KW - crystal structure KW - biogenic processes KW - birnessite KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - manganese oxides KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - trace metals KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51690886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Trace+metal+sequestration+by+and+structure+of+Mn+oxide+produced+by+Peudomonas+putida&rft.au=Manceau%2C+Alain%3BToner%2C+Brandy%3BLanson%2C+Bruno%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BVillalobos%2C+Mario%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Manceau&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; birnessite; crystal structure; EXAFS data; experimental studies; geochemistry; manganese oxides; metals; oxides; pollution; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas putida; sequestration; sorption; trace metals; X-ray diffraction data; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monte Carlo simulations of hydration of mono- and divalent cation exchanged (SWy-1 and SAz-1) montmorillonite AN - 51674853; 2005-064188 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Park, S AU - Sposito, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - silicates KW - mineral interlayer KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - clay mineralogy KW - statistical analysis KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - clay minerals KW - hydration KW - cations KW - sheet silicates KW - valency KW - ion exchange KW - montmorillonite KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51674853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Monte+Carlo+simulations+of+hydration+of+mono-+and+divalent+cation+exchanged+%28SWy-1+and+SAz-1%29+montmorillonite&rft.au=Park%2C+S%3BSposito%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; cations; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; hydration; ion exchange; mineral interlayer; Monte Carlo analysis; montmorillonite; sheet silicates; silicates; simulation; statistical analysis; valency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magnetotelluric investigations of the Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii AN - 51663267; 2005-072773 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Gasperikova, Erika AU - Kauahikaua, James P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1439 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Hawaii Island KW - geophysical surveys KW - three-dimensional models KW - Hawaii County Hawaii KW - geophysical methods KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - calderas KW - volcanic features KW - Oceania KW - volcanoes KW - surveys KW - Polynesia KW - Kilauea KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51663267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Magnetotelluric+investigations+of+the+Kilauea+Volcano%2C+Hawaii&rft.au=Hoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BGasperikova%2C+Erika%3BKauahikaua%2C+James+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hoversten&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=1439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calderas; East Pacific Ocean Islands; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Hawaii; Hawaii County Hawaii; Hawaii Island; Kilauea; magnetotelluric methods; Oceania; Polynesia; surveys; three-dimensional models; United States; volcanic features; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elastic wave scattering off a fracture with non-uniform stiffness distribution AN - 51662520; 2005-072538 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Nihei, Kurt T AU - Myer, Larry R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 987 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - fractured materials KW - stiffness KW - geophysical methods KW - theoretical models KW - inverse problem KW - elastic waves KW - wave dispersion KW - heterogeneity KW - seismic methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51662520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Elastic+wave+scattering+off+a+fracture+with+non-uniform+stiffness+distribution&rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BNihei%2C+Kurt+T%3BMyer%2C+Larry+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nakagawa&rft.aufirst=Seiji&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=987&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - elastic waves; fractured materials; geophysical methods; heterogeneity; inverse problem; seismic methods; stiffness; theoretical models; wave dispersion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding microbe-mineral reactions using synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared spectromicroscopy AN - 51634074; 2006-012249 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Kauffman, Mary E AU - Lehman, R Michael AU - Martin, Michael C AU - Bauer, William F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - biomineralization KW - infrared spectroscopy KW - biochemistry KW - bacteria KW - oxides KW - ecology KW - spectroscopy KW - minerals KW - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51634074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Understanding+microbe-mineral+reactions+using+synchrotron+radiation+Fourier+transform+infrared+spectromicroscopy&rft.au=Kauffman%2C+Mary+E%3BLehman%2C+R+Michael%3BMartin%2C+Michael+C%3BBauer%2C+William+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kauffman&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biochemistry; biomineralization; ecology; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; infrared spectroscopy; minerals; oxides; spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iterative resolution estimation in least-squares Kirchhoff migration AN - 51630993; 2006-013847 JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Fomel, Sergey AU - Barryman, James G AU - Clapp, Robert G AU - Prucha, Marie Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 577 EP - 588 PB - EAGE (European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers), Houten VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - geophysical surveys KW - iterative methods KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - inverse problem KW - seismic migration KW - Kirchhoff integral KW - seismic methods KW - least-squares analysis KW - mathematical methods KW - surveys KW - applications KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - synthetic materials KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - prestack migration KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51630993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Iterative+resolution+estimation+in+least-squares+Kirchhoff+migration&rft.au=Fomel%2C+Sergey%3BBarryman%2C+James+G%3BClapp%2C+Robert+G%3BPrucha%2C+Marie&rft.aulast=Fomel&rft.aufirst=Sergey&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0016-8025&site=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPPRAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; Atlantic Ocean; data processing; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; inverse problem; iterative methods; Kirchhoff integral; least-squares analysis; mathematical methods; North Atlantic; North Sea; prestack migration; seismic methods; seismic migration; statistical analysis; surveys; synthetic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tube-wave suppression in single well seismic acquisition AN - 51620339; 2006-023545 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Gritto, Roland AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - West, Phillip AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tube waves KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - technology KW - surface waves KW - boreholes KW - guided waves KW - geophysical methods KW - elastic waves KW - seismic waves KW - seismic methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51620339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Tube-wave+suppression+in+single+well+seismic+acquisition&rft.au=Daley%2C+Thomas+M%3BGritto%2C+Roland%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BWest%2C+Phillip%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1027&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; boreholes; elastic waves; geophysical methods; guided waves; P-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; surface waves; technology; tube waves ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic borehole monitoring of CO (sub 2) injection in an oil reservoir AN - 51616182; 2006-023554 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Gritto, Roland AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Myer, Larry R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - petroleum exploration KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - monitoring KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - boreholes KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - hydrophones KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51616182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Seismic+borehole+monitoring+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+in+an+oil+reservoir&rft.au=Gritto%2C+Roland%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BMyer%2C+Larry+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gritto&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1028&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; boreholes; carbon dioxide; elastic waves; geophysical methods; hydrophones; injection; monitoring; P-waves; petroleum; petroleum exploration; reservoir rocks; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the shallow water CaCO (sub 3) cycle and fossil fuel CO (sub 2) AN - 51615465; 2006-021862 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Archer, David E AU - Milovich, Jose AU - Berelson, William AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - shallow-water environment KW - Quaternary KW - solutions KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - Cenozoic KW - carbon KW - calcium carbonate KW - carbon cycle KW - bathymetry KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51615465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+shallow+water+CaCO+%28sub+3%29+cycle+and+fossil+fuel+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Archer%2C+David+E%3BMilovich%2C+Jose%3BBerelson%2C+William%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Archer&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; calcium carbonate; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; geochemical cycle; Holocene; models; paleoclimatology; Quaternary; shallow-water environment; solutions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotic and biogeochemical feedbacks to climate change AN - 51537103; 2006-076689 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Torn, M S AU - Harte, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - concentration KW - ice cores KW - methane KW - nitrous oxide KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - correlation KW - alkanes KW - water balance KW - vegetation KW - paleoclimatology KW - energy balance KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - productivity KW - microorganisms KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51537103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Biotic+and+biogeochemical+feedbacks+to+climate+change&rft.au=Torn%2C+M+S%3BHarte%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+suppl.&rft.spage=F296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon dioxide; climate change; concentration; correlation; ecology; ecosystems; energy balance; global change; global warming; hydrocarbons; ice cores; methane; microorganisms; nitrous oxide; organic compounds; paleoclimatology; productivity; vegetation; water balance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MT impedance estimates from the Kilauea volcano site AN - 51534279; 2006-080496 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Cuevas, Nestor AU - Nichols, Edward A AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - electrical conductivity KW - Hawaii Island KW - geophysical surveys KW - Hawaii County Hawaii KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - noise KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - Oceania KW - surveys KW - signal-to-noise ratio KW - Polynesia KW - Kilauea KW - impedance KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51534279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=MT+impedance+estimates+from+the+Kilauea+volcano+site&rft.au=Cuevas%2C+Nestor%3BNichols%2C+Edward+A%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cuevas&rft.aufirst=Nestor&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data processing; East Pacific Ocean Islands; electrical conductivity; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Hawaii; Hawaii County Hawaii; Hawaii Island; impedance; Kilauea; magnetotelluric methods; noise; Oceania; Polynesia; signal-to-noise ratio; surveys; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using borehole temperature profiles to constrain regional groundwater flow AN - 51534158; 2006-080436 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Karasaki, Kenzi AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - F351 EP - F352 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - rock masses KW - Tono Japan KW - monitoring KW - Far East KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - temperature KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - models KW - pump tests KW - fractures KW - recharge KW - plutonic rocks KW - boreholes KW - movement KW - Honshu KW - Asia KW - Gifu Japan KW - permeability KW - Japan KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51534158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Using+borehole+temperature+profiles+to+constrain+regional+groundwater+flow&rft.au=Doughty%2C+Christine%3BKarasaki%2C+Kenzi%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Doughty&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; boreholes; Far East; fractures; Gifu Japan; granites; ground water; Honshu; igneous rocks; Japan; measurement; models; monitoring; movement; permeability; plutonic rocks; porosity; pump tests; recharge; rock masses; simulation; temperature; Tono Japan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling focusing flow in a large-scale unsaturated fracture network AN - 51532097; 2006-086159 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Zhang, K AU - Wu, Y AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Liu, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - matrix KW - statistical analysis KW - unsaturated zone KW - porous materials KW - preferential flow KW - Nye County Nevada KW - boundary conditions KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - stochastic processes KW - theoretical models KW - Yucca Mountain KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51532097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Modeling+focusing+flow+in+a+large-scale+unsaturated+fracture+network&rft.au=Zhang%2C+K%3BWu%2C+Y%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BLiu%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; fractured materials; ground water; matrix; models; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; permeability; porous materials; preferential flow; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; theoretical models; two-dimensional models; United States; unsaturated zone; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term autonomous measurements of biomass variability in the vicinity of the ice edge in the Southern Ocean AN - 51530678; 2006-084629 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Guay, Christopher K H AU - Bishop, James K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 753 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Southern Ocean KW - experimental studies KW - sea water KW - phytoplankton KW - biomass KW - SeaWiFS KW - plankton KW - satellite methods KW - iron KW - measurement KW - metals KW - marine methods KW - carbon KW - SOFeX KW - seasonal variations KW - remote sensing KW - productivity KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51530678?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Long-term+autonomous+measurements+of+biomass+variability+in+the+vicinity+of+the+ice+edge+in+the+Southern+Ocean&rft.au=Guay%2C+Christopher+K+H%3BBishop%2C+James+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guay&rft.aufirst=Christopher+K&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=753&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomass; carbon; experimental studies; iron; marine methods; measurement; metals; phytoplankton; plankton; productivity; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea water; seasonal variations; SeaWiFS; SOFeX; Southern Ocean ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The deuterium excess in precipitation and atmospheric moisture in the Southern Great Plains region of USA AN - 51522552; 2006-089031 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Machavaram, Madhav V AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Miller, Norman L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - meteoric water KW - terrestrial environment KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - moisture KW - isotope ratios KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - O-18/O-16 KW - evapotranspiration KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - models KW - hydrologic cycle KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - Great Plains KW - coastal environment KW - depositional environment KW - climate KW - Southern Great Plains KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51522552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+deuterium+excess+in+precipitation+and+atmospheric+moisture+in+the+Southern+Great+Plains+region+of+USA&rft.au=Machavaram%2C+Madhav+V%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMiller%2C+Norman+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Machavaram&rft.aufirst=Madhav&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F883&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; climate; coastal environment; D/H; depositional environment; evapotranspiration; Great Plains; hydrogen; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; isotope ratios; isotopes; meteoric water; models; moisture; North America; O-18/O-16; oxygen; Southern Great Plains; stable isotopes; terrestrial environment; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What is the origin of the high Q anomaly at the boundary between the locked and creeping segments of the San Andreas Fault? AN - 51510466; 2007-006449 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Toomey, Aoife C AU - Korneev, V A AU - Nadeau, R M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - elastic waves KW - California KW - spatial distribution KW - surface waves KW - Love waves KW - Monterey County California KW - velocity KW - propagation KW - Parkfield California KW - faults KW - body waves KW - numerical models KW - guided waves KW - anomalies KW - wave fields KW - San Andreas Fault KW - creep KW - seismic waves KW - seismic networks KW - microearthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - S-waves KW - fault zones KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51510466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=What+is+the+origin+of+the+high+Q+anomaly+at+the+boundary+between+the+locked+and+creeping+segments+of+the+San+Andreas+Fault%3F&rft.au=Toomey%2C+Aoife+C%3BKorneev%2C+V+A%3BNadeau%2C+R+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Toomey&rft.aufirst=Aoife&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anomalies; body waves; California; creep; earthquakes; elastic waves; fault zones; faults; guided waves; Love waves; microearthquakes; Monterey County California; numerical models; Parkfield California; propagation; S-waves; San Andreas Fault; seismic networks; seismic waves; spatial distribution; surface waves; United States; velocity; wave fields ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Helium and carbon isotope systematics of springs in the Separation Creek drainage system, Three Sisters area, central Oregon Cascades AN - 51506243; 2007-006602 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - van Soest, M C AU - Kennedy, B AU - Evans, W C AU - Mariner, Robert H AU - Schmidt, M E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - F1489 EP - F1490 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - monitoring KW - isotopes KW - correlation KW - anomalies KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - Separation Creek drainage system KW - ground water KW - Three Sisters Oregon KW - Cascade Range KW - South Sister KW - Oregon KW - noble gases KW - carbon KW - springs KW - helium KW - hot springs KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51506243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Helium+and+carbon+isotope+systematics+of+springs+in+the+Separation+Creek+drainage+system%2C+Three+Sisters+area%2C+central+Oregon+Cascades&rft.au=van+Soest%2C+M+C%3BKennedy%2C+B%3BEvans%2C+W+C%3BMariner%2C+Robert+H%3BSchmidt%2C+M+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=van+Soest&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F1489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anomalies; carbon; Cascade Range; correlation; geochemistry; ground water; helium; hot springs; hydrochemistry; isotopes; monitoring; noble gases; Oregon; Separation Creek drainage system; South Sister; springs; thermal waters; Three Sisters Oregon; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface manifestation of solid-state convection in Europa's ice shell AN - 50273747; 2006-041928 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Showman, Adam P AU - Han, Lijie AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - November 2002 SP - 1 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 83 IS - 47, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - icy satellites KW - imagery KW - heat flux KW - numerical models KW - Europa Satellite KW - Galileo Program KW - lithosphere KW - Jupiter KW - landforms KW - Galilean satellites KW - deformation KW - convection KW - simulation KW - giant planets KW - planets KW - fractures KW - ice KW - surface features KW - lithospheric ice KW - tectonics KW - outer planets KW - satellites KW - interpretation KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50273747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Surface+manifestation+of+solid-state+convection+in+Europa%27s+ice+shell&rft.au=Showman%2C+Adam+P%3BHan%2C+Lijie%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Showman&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=47%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=F841&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2002 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - convection; deformation; Europa Satellite; fractures; Galilean satellites; Galileo Program; giant planets; heat flux; ice; icy satellites; imagery; interpretation; Jupiter; landforms; lithosphere; lithospheric ice; numerical models; outer planets; planets; satellites; simulation; surface features; tectonics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling capillary barriers in unsaturated fractured rock AN - 18858276; 5581897 AB - This work presents a series of numerical modeling studies that investigate the hydrogeologic conditions required to form capillary barriers and the effect that capillary barriers have on fluid flow and tracer transport processes in the unsaturated fractured rock of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a potential site for storing high-level radioactive waste. The modeling approach is based on a dual-continuum formulation of coupled multiphase fluid and tracer transport through fractured porous rock. The numerical modeling results showed that effective capillary barriers can develop where both matrix and fracture capillary gradients tend to move water upward. Under the current hydrogeologic conceptualization of Yucca Mountain, strong capillary barrier effects exist for diverting a significant amount of moisture flow through the relatively shallow Paintbrush nonwelded unit, with major faults observed at the site serving as major downward pathways for laterally diverted percolation fluxes. In addition, we used observed field liquid saturation and goechemical isotopic data to check model results and found consistent agreement. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Zhang, W AU - Pan, L AU - Hinds, J AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, yswu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 VL - 38 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Radioactive waste disposal KW - Groundwater Barriers KW - Hydrogeology KW - Capillary Conductivity KW - Solutes KW - Numerical models KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Groundwater transport of radioactive waste KW - Capillary conductivity of soil KW - Hydrologic models KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Groundwater flow KW - Flow in porous media KW - Model Studies KW - Tracer transport KW - Radioactive Waste Disposal KW - Solute Transport KW - Geohydrology KW - Radioactive contamination KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Modelling (Hydrological) KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - M2 556.072:Models, analogies, etc. (556.072) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18858276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Modeling+capillary+barriers+in+unsaturated+fractured+rock&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BZhang%2C+W%3BPan%2C+L%3BHinds%2C+J%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000852 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tracer transport; Numerical models; Hydrogeology; Radioactive contamination; Groundwater transport of radioactive waste; Flow in porous media; Capillary conductivity of soil; Hydrologic models; Radioactive waste disposal; Flow; Solutes; Groundwater flow; Modelling (Hydrological); Geologic Fractures; Radioactive Waste Disposal; Groundwater Barriers; Unsaturated Flow; Solute Transport; Fate of Pollutants; Capillary Conductivity; Geohydrology; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000852 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Model for Interphase Chromosomes and Evaluation of Radiation-Induced Aberrations AN - 18508692; 5489439 AB - We have developed a theoretical model for evaluating radiation-induced chromosomal exchanges by explicitly taking into account interphase (G0/G1) chromosome structure, nuclear organization of chromosomes, the production of double-strand breaks (DSBs), and the subsequent rejoinings in a faithful or unfaithful manner. Each of the 46 chromosomes for human lymphocytes (40 chromosomes for mouse lymphocytes) is modeled as a random polymer inside a spherical volume. The chromosome spheres are packed randomly inside a spherical nucleus with an allowed overlap controlled by a parameter Omega . The rejoining of DSBs is determined by a Monte Carlo procedure using a Gaussian proximity function with an interaction range parameter sigma . Values of Omega and sigma have been found which yield calculated results of interchromosomal aberration frequencies that agree with a wide range of experimental data. Our preferred solution is one with an interaction range of 0.5 mu m coupled with a relatively small overlap parameter of 0.675 mu m, which more or less confirms previous estimates. We have used our model with these parameter values and with resolution or detectability limits to calculate yields of translocations and dicentrics for human lymphocytes exposed to low-LET radiation that agree with experiments in the dose range 0.09 to 4 Gy. Five different experimental data sets have been compared with the theoretical results. Essentially all of the experimental data fall between theoretical curves corresponding to resolution limits of 1 Mbp and 20 Mbp, which may reflect the fact that different investigators use different limits for sensitivity or detectability. Translocation yields for mouse lymphocytes have also been calculated and are in good agreement with experimental data from 1 cGy to 10 cGy. There is also good agreement with recent data on complex aberrations. Our model is expected to be applicable to both low- and high-LET radiation, and we include a sample prediction of the yield of interchromosomal rejoining in the dose range 0.22 Gy to 2 Gy of 1000 MeV/nucleon iron particles. This dose range corresponds to average particle traversals per nucleus ranging from 1.0 to 9.12. JF - Radiation Research AU - Holley, W R AU - Mian, I S AU - Park, S J AU - Rydberg, B AU - Chatterjee, A AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, A_Chatterjee@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 568 EP - 580 PB - The Radiation Research Society VL - 158 IS - 5 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18508692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=A+Model+for+Interphase+Chromosomes+and+Evaluation+of+Radiation-Induced+Aberrations&rft.au=Holley%2C+W+R%3BMian%2C+I+S%3BPark%2C+S+J%3BRydberg%2C+B%3BChatterjee%2C+A&rft.aulast=Holley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=568&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0033-7587%282002%29158%280568%3AAMFICA%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0033-7587(2002)158(0568:AMFICA)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A pilot study to assess ground-level ambient air concentrations of fine particles and carbon monoxide in urban Guatemala AN - 16139419; 5528146 AB - Ambient concentrations and the elemental composition of particles less than 2.5 mu m in diameter (PM sub(2.5)), as well as carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations, were measured at ground-level in three Guatemalan cities in summer 1997: Guatemala City, Quetzaltenango, and Antigua. This pilot study also included quantitative and qualitative characterizations of microenvironment conditions, e.g., local meteorology, reported elsewhere. The nondestructive X-ray fluorescence elemental analysis (XRF) of Teflon filters was conducted. The highest integrated average PM sub(2.5) concentrations in an area (zona) of Guatemala City and Quetzaltenango were 150 mu g m super(-3) (zona 12) and 120 mu g m super(-3) (zona 2), respectively. The reported integrated average PM sub(2.5) concentration for Antigua was 5 mu g m super(-3). The highest observed half-hour and monitoring period average CO concentrations in Guatemala City were 10.9 ppm (zona 8) and 7.2 ppm (zonas 8 and 10), respectively. The average monitoring period CO concentration in Antigua was 2.6 ppm. Lead and bromine concentrations were negligible, indicative of the transition to unleaded fuel use in cars and motorcycles. The XRF results suggested sources of air pollution in Guatemala, where relative rankings varied by city and by zonas within each city, were fossil fuel combustion emitting hydrocarbons, combustion of sulfurous conventional fuels, soil/roadway dust, farm/agricultural dust, and vehicles (evaporation of gas, parts' wear). JF - Environment International AU - Shendell, D G AU - Naeher, L P AD - Indoor Environment Department (IED/EETD), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-3058, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720-8132, USA, Dgshendell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DA - Nov 2002 SP - 375 EP - 382 VL - 28 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Atmospheric pollution sources KW - Atmospheric pollution monitoring KW - Guatemala KW - Particulates KW - Particulate atmospheric pollution KW - Dust KW - Air pollution KW - Particles KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Airborne particulates KW - Urban atmospheric pollution KW - Meteorology KW - Air pollution measurements KW - Urban areas KW - Carbon monoxide in urban air KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16139419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=A+pilot+study+to+assess+ground-level+ambient+air+concentrations+of+fine+particles+and+carbon+monoxide+in+urban+Guatemala&rft.au=Shendell%2C+D+G%3BNaeher%2C+L+P&rft.aulast=Shendell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-11-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon monoxide; Particles; Air pollution; Airborne particulates; Meteorology; Dust; Atmospheric pollution sources; Atmospheric pollution monitoring; Urban atmospheric pollution; Particulate atmospheric pollution; Carbon monoxide in urban air; Particulates; Urban areas; Air pollution measurements; Guatemala ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of quantitative digital image analysis to breast cancer research. AN - 72161286; 12373722 AB - Our studies of radiogenic carcinogenesis in mouse and human models of breast cancer are based on the view that cell phenotype, microenvironment composition, communication between cells and within the microenvironment are important factors in the development of breast cancer. This is complicated in the mammary gland by its postnatal development, cyclic evolution via pregnancy and involution, and dynamic remodeling of epithelial-stromal interactions, all of which contribute to breast cancer susceptibility. Microscopy is the tool of choice to examine cells in context. Specific features can be defined using probes, antibodies, immunofluorescence, and image analysis to measure protein distribution, cell composition, and genomic instability in human and mouse models of breast cancer. We discuss the integration of image acquisition, analysis, and annotation to efficiently analyze large amounts of image data. In the future, cell and tissue image-based studies will be facilitated by a bioinformatics strategy that generates multidimensional databases of quantitative information derived from molecular, immunological, and morphological probes at multiple resolutions. This approach will facilitate the construction of an in vivo phenotype database necessary for understanding when, where, and how normal cells become cancer. JF - Microscopy research and technique AU - Ortiz De Solórzano, C AU - Costes, S AU - Callahan, D E AU - Parvin, B AU - Barcellos-Hoff, M H AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2002/10/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Oct 15 SP - 119 EP - 127 VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 1059-910X, 1059-910X KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Non-programmatic KW - Animals KW - Epithelial Cells -- pathology KW - Humans KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Computational Biology KW - Female KW - Breast Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72161286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microscopy+research+and+technique&rft.atitle=Applications+of+quantitative+digital+image+analysis+to+breast+cancer+research.&rft.au=Ortiz+De+Sol%C3%B3rzano%2C+C%3BCostes%2C+S%3BCallahan%2C+D+E%3BParvin%2C+B%3BBarcellos-Hoff%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Ortiz+De+Sol%C3%B3rzano&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-10-15&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microscopy+research+and+technique&rft.issn=1059910X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Robotic observations of dust storm enhancement of carbon biomass in the North Pacific AN - 52048893; 2002-081930 AB - Two autonomous robotic profiling floats deployed in the subarctic North Pacific on 10 April 2001 provided direct records of carbon biomass variability from surface to 1000 meters below surface at daily and diurnal time scales. Eight months of real-time data documented the marine biological response to natural events, including hydrographic changes, multiple storms, and the April 2001 dust event. High-frequency observations of upper ocean particulate organic carbon variability show a near doubling of biomass in the mixed layer over a 2-week period after the passage of a cloud of Gobi desert dust. The temporal evolution of particulate organic carbon enhancement and an increase in chlorophyll use efficiency after the dust storm suggest a biotic response to a natural iron fertilization by the dust. JF - Science AU - Bishop, James K B AU - Davis, Russ E AU - Sherman, Jeffrey T Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 817 EP - 821 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 298 IS - 5594 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - sea water KW - robotic floats KW - phytoplankton KW - biomass KW - marine geology KW - plankton KW - iron KW - variations KW - observations KW - marine sediments KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - storms KW - particulate materials KW - organic carbon KW - dust storms KW - time series analysis KW - sediment transport KW - clastic sediments KW - pigments KW - statistical analysis KW - subarctic regions KW - measurement KW - chlorophyll KW - organic compounds KW - North Pacific KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - dust KW - Carbon Explorers KW - instruments KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52048893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Robotic+observations+of+dust+storm+enhancement+of+carbon+biomass+in+the+North+Pacific&rft.au=Bishop%2C+James+K+B%3BDavis%2C+Russ+E%3BSherman%2C+Jeffrey+T&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=James+K&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=298&rft.issue=5594&rft.spage=817&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.104961 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biomass; carbon; Carbon Explorers; chlorophyll; clastic sediments; dust; dust storms; instruments; iron; marine environment; marine geology; marine sediments; measurement; metals; North Pacific; observations; organic carbon; organic compounds; Pacific Ocean; particulate materials; phytoplankton; pigments; plankton; robotic floats; sea water; sediment transport; sediments; statistical analysis; storms; subarctic regions; time series analysis; variations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.104961 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deciphering Ni sequestration in soil ferromanganese nodules by combining X-ray fluorescence, absorption, and diffraction at micrometer scales of resolution AN - 52041686; 2003-003990 AB - X-ray microprobes are among the most important new analytical techniques to emerge from third generation synchrotron facilities. Here we show how X-ray fluorescence, diffraction, and absorption can be used in parallel to determine the structural form of trace elements in heterogeneous matrices at the micrometer-scale of resolution. Scanning X-ray microfluorescence (mu SXRF) and microdiffraction (mu SXRD) first are used to identify the host solid phase by mapping the distributions of elements and solid species, respectively. Micro-extended X-ray absorption fine structure (mu EXAFS) spectroscopy is then used to determine the mechanism of trace element binding by the host phase at the molecular scale. To illustrate the complementary application of these three techniques, we studied how nickel is sequestered in soil ferromanganese nodules, an overwhelmingly complex natural matrix consisting of submicrometer to nanometer sized particles with varying structures and chemical compositions. We show that nickel substitutes for Mn (super 3+) in the manganese layer of the MnO (sub 2) -Al(OH) (sub 3) mixed-layer oxide lithiophorite. The affinity of Ni for lithiophorite was characteristic of micronodules sampled from soils across the U.S.A. and Europe. Since many natural and synthetic materials are heterogeneous at nanometer to micrometer scales, the synergistic use of mu SXRF, mu SXRD, and mu EXAFS is expected to have broad applications to earth and materials science. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Manceau, Alain AU - Tamura, Nobumichi AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - MacDowell, Alastair A AU - Celestre, Richard S AU - Sublett, Robert E AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Padmore, Howard A Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 1494 EP - 1499 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 87 IS - 10 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - soils KW - secondary structures KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - ferromanganese composition KW - concretions KW - metals KW - nickel KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - sedimentary structures KW - heavy metals KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52041686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Deciphering+Ni+sequestration+in+soil+ferromanganese+nodules+by+combining+X-ray+fluorescence%2C+absorption%2C+and+diffraction+at+micrometer+scales+of+resolution&rft.au=Manceau%2C+Alain%3BTamura%2C+Nobumichi%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BMacDowell%2C+Alastair+A%3BCelestre%2C+Richard+S%3BSublett%2C+Robert+E%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BPadmore%2C+Howard+A&rft.aulast=Manceau&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1494&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - concretions; ferromanganese composition; heavy metals; metals; nickel; pollutants; pollution; secondary structures; sedimentary structures; soil treatment; soils; spectra; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dual-continuum modeling of flow and transport in the drift shadow AN - 52004754; 2003-029171 AB - The current concept for high-level radioactive waste disposal at Yucca Mountain is for waste to be placed in underground tunnels (or drifts) in the middle of a thick unsaturated zone. Flow modeling and field testing have shown that not all flow encountering a drift will seep into the drift. The underlying reason for the diversion of unsaturated flow around a drift is that capillary forces in the fractures and matrix prevent water entry into the drift unless the capillary pressure in the rock decreases sufficiently to allow for gravity forces to overcome the capillary barrier. As a result of the capillary barrier effect, flow tends to be diverted around the drift, affecting the flow pattern beneath the drift. For some distance beneath the drift, water saturation and flux are reduced. This drift shadow zone is much more pronounced in the fractures than in the matrix because of the dominance of gravity over capillary forces in the fractures. Moving downward, away from the drift, the shadow zone asymptotically re-equilibrates to the undisturbed flow conditions because of capillary forces. The behavior of radionuclide transport in this zone of reduced flow is investigated here because this will affect the amount of time required for radionuclides to penetrate the unsaturated zone. The delay of radionuclide movement in the geosphere is one aspect of the potential repository system that could limit public exposure to radioactive waste. The behavior of flow and transport are calculated using a two-dimensional, drift-scale dual-permeability model extending to nine drift diameters below the potential waste emplacement drift. The flow model is first compared with an analytical model for a single continuum. Then the dual-continuum flow model is investigated with respect to drift-scale and mountain-scale property sets. Transport calculations are performed for a wide range of flow conditions and for different aqueous radionuclides and colloids. Findings indicate that transport times for dissolved or colloidal material released from a drift without seepage are several orders of magnitude longer than if the releases occurred in the undisturbed flow field. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Houseworth, J E AU - Finsterle, S A AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 60 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - high-level waste KW - capillary pressure KW - unsaturated zone KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - two-dimensional models KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - transport KW - saturation KW - tunnels KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52004754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Dual-continuum+modeling+of+flow+and+transport+in+the+drift+shadow&rft.au=Houseworth%2C+J+E%3BFinsterle%2C+S+A%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Houseworth&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillary pressure; ground water; high-level waste; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; permeability; radioactive waste; saturation; seepage; transport; tunnels; two-dimensional models; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discrete-flow-path development in unsaturated fractures at Yucca Mountain AN - 52004715; 2003-029167 AB - We have carried out numerical modeling studies to investigate the development of discrete-fracture flow paths and flow-focusing phenomena in the unsaturated rock of the potential repository horizon at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. These studies are based on two-and three-dimensional (2-D and 3-D) numerical models using site-specific parameters. The 2-D and 3-D models use high-resolution spatial discretization to explicitly include effects of discrete fractures with stochastically developed fracture permeabilities and a continuum approach. The permeability field is generated based on air-permeability measurements at various scales. For most of the cases considered, uniform infiltration with different average rates (1 to 500 mm/yr) is prescribed at the top of the model, while variability in outflow at the bottom of the model is used to evaluate the degree of flow focusing. In addition, scenarios involving nonuniform infiltration at the top boundary, different permeability correlation lengths, and different flow-allocation schemes were analyzed. The modeling results obtained from all of these cases showed a remarkably similar flow-focusing pattern at the repository horizon. Furthermore, tracer transport simulation results also revealed additional features of focused flow and transport through the fracture network. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 60 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - patterns KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - Nye County Nevada KW - two-dimensional models KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - models KW - fractures KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - movement KW - tracers KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52004715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Discrete-flow-path+development+in+unsaturated+fractures+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Bodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BZhang%2C+Keni%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bodvarsson&rft.aufirst=Gudmundur&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fractures; ground water; infiltration; models; movement; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; patterns; permeability; radioactive waste; three-dimensional models; tracers; transport; two-dimensional models; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unsaturated zone testing at Yucca Mountain; then and now AN - 52004301; 2003-029159 AB - The evaluation of the Yucca Mountain site has evolved from intensive surface-based investigations in the early 1980s to current focus on testing in underground drifts. Different periods of site characterization activities and prominent issues concerning the unsaturated zone are summarized. Data-collection activities have evolved from mapping of faults and fractures to estimation of percolation through tuff layers, and to quantification of seepage into drifts. Evaluation of discrete flow paths in drifts has led to fracture-matrix interaction and matrix diffusion tests over different scales. The effects of tuff interfaces and local faults are evaluated in fractured-welded and porous-nonwelded units. Mobilization of matrix water and redistribution of moisture are measured in thermal tests. Lessons learned from underground tests are used to focus on processes needed for additional quantification. Migration through the drift shadow zone and liquid flow through faults are two important issues that have evolved from current knowledge. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wang, J S Y AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 58 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - diffusion KW - volcanic rocks KW - moisture KW - igneous rocks KW - matrix KW - unsaturated zone KW - mapping KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - evaluation KW - pyroclastics KW - fractures KW - quantitative analysis KW - testing KW - percolation KW - tuff KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - faults KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52004301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Unsaturated+zone+testing+at+Yucca+Mountain%3B+then+and+now&rft.au=Wang%2C+J+S+Y%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=J+S&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - diffusion; evaluation; faults; fractures; hydrology; igneous rocks; mapping; matrix; moisture; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; percolation; pyroclastics; quantitative analysis; seepage; testing; tuff; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; water; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The interactions between faults and the matrix in Paintbrush Group nonwelded tuff at Yucca Mountain AN - 52003491; 2003-029161 AB - To investigate the potential for fast flow through altered tuff of the nonwelded unit of the Paintbrush Group (PTn) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, we carried out in situ field experiments using water released directly into the matrix and along a minor subvertical normal fault at Alcove 4 in Yucca Mountain's Exploratory Studies Facility. During the experiments, changes in moisture content were monitored within the test bed, and a slot excavated below the test bed was visually inspected for seepage. Our field tests suggest that the dry porous PTn matrix is capable of attenuating episodic percolation fluxes in localized areas (such as around faults) where fast flow would be expected to dominate. Once wetted, the matrix is able to retain the moisture over a period of months. As saturation increases in the matrix, less water imbibes along the fault and more water travels farther along the fault. From this observation, we infer that a sequence of infiltration events separated by periods of up to a few months could convey water over increasing distances along the fault. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Salve, R AU - Oldenburg, C M AU - Wang, J S Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 59 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - moisture KW - igneous rocks KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - normal faults KW - movement KW - percolation KW - tuff KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - faults KW - hydrology KW - in situ KW - matrix KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - Paintbrush Tuff KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+interactions+between+faults+and+the+matrix+in+Paintbrush+Group+nonwelded+tuff+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Salve%2C+R%3BOldenburg%2C+C+M%3BWang%2C+J+S+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; faults; field studies; ground water; hydrology; igneous rocks; in situ; matrix; Miocene; moisture; movement; Neogene; Nevada; normal faults; Nye County Nevada; Paintbrush Tuff; percolation; pyroclastics; seepage; Tertiary; tuff; United States; volcanic rocks; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inverse modeling of seepage into underground openings AN - 52001636; 2003-029170 AB - We discuss the development and calibration of a model for predicting seepage into underground openings. Seepage is a key factor affecting the performance of the potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Three-dimensional numerical models were developed to simulate field tests in which water was released from boreholes above excavated niches. Data from air-injection tests were geostatistically analyzed to infer the heterogeneous structure of the fracture permeability field. The heterogeneous continuum model was then calibrated against the measured amount of water that seeped into the opening. This approach resulted in the estimation of model-related, seepage-specific parameters on the scale of interest. The ability of the calibrated model to predict seepage was examined by comparing calculated with measured seepage rates from additional experiments conducted in different portions of the fracture network. We conclude that an effective capillary-strength parameter is suitable to characterize seepage-related features and processes for use in a prediction model of average seepage into potential waste emplacement drifts. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Finsterle, S A AU - Ahlers, F C AU - Trautz, R C AU - Cook, P J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 60 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - waste disposal sites KW - prediction KW - inverse problem KW - calibration KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - radioactive waste KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - models KW - fractures KW - boreholes KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52001636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Inverse+modeling+of+seepage+into+underground+openings&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+S+A%3BAhlers%2C+F+C%3BTrautz%2C+R+C%3BCook%2C+P+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; calibration; fractures; ground water; inverse problem; measurement; models; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; prediction; radioactive waste; seepage; three-dimensional models; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The physics of unstable infiltration, seepage, and gravity drainage AN - 52001612; 2003-029166 AB - To improve understanding of the physics of dynamic instabilities in unsaturated flow processes within the Paintbrush nonwelded unit (PTn) and the middle nonlithophysal portion of the Topopah Spring welded tuff unit (TSw) of Yucca Mountain, we analyzed data from a series of infiltration tests carried out at two sites (Alcove 4 and Alcove 6) in the Exploratory Studies Facility, using analytical and empirical functions. The analysis of infiltration rates measured at both sites showed three temporal scales of infiltration rate: (1) a macro-scale trend of overall decreasing flow, (2) a meso-scale trend of fast and slow motion exhibiting three-stage variations of the flow rate (decreasing, increasing, and [again] decreasing flow rate, as observed in soils in the presence of entrapped air), and (3) micro-scale (high frequency) fluctuations. Infiltration tests in the nonwelded unit at Alcove 4 indicate that this unit may effectively dampen episodic fast infiltration events; however, well-known Kostyakov, Horton, and Philip equations do not satisfactorily describe the observed trends of the infiltration rate. Instead, a Weibull distribution model can most accurately describe experimentally determined time trends of the infiltration rate. Infiltration tests in highly permeable, fractured, welded tuff at Alcove 6 indicate that the infiltration rate exhibits pulsation, which may have been caused by multiple threshold effects and water-air redistribution between fractures and matrix. The empirical relationships between the extrinsic seepage from fractures, matrix imbibition, and gravity drainage versus the infiltration rate, as well as scaling and self-similarity for the leading edge of the water front, are the hallmark of the nonlinear dynamic processes in water flow (under episodic infiltration through fractured tuff). Based on the analysis of experimental data, we propose a conceptual model of a dynamic fracture flow and fracture-matrix interaction in fractured tuff, incorporating the time-dependent processes of water redistribution in the fracture-matrix system. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Faybishenko, B AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Salve, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 59 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - fractures KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - processes KW - welded tuff KW - matrix KW - drainage KW - equations KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - models KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Alcove 6 KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - infiltration KW - testing KW - Paintbrush Tuff KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52001612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+physics+of+unstable+infiltration%2C+seepage%2C+and+gravity+drainage&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+B%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BSalve%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alcove 6; Cenozoic; drainage; equations; fractures; ground water; igneous rocks; infiltration; matrix; Miocene; models; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; Paintbrush Tuff; processes; pyroclastics; seepage; Tertiary; testing; Topopah Spring Member; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing and modeling of the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain AN - 52001561; 2003-029158 AB - The unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain has been under investigation for over two decades as a possible location for a high-level nuclear waste repository. Testing of the unsaturated zone has been performed in multiple boreholes and two long underground tunnels. The testing involves evaluations of geological, geochemical, geophysical, and hydrogeological characteristics of the unsaturated fractured rocks. This paper provides an overview of the testing and the modeling done to date and our current understanding. The testing performed to date evaluates the amount of water that enters the mountain, how this water moves through the mountain, and how radionuclides dissolved in the water will migrate from the repository to the water table. Various tests have been conducted, including a large array of infiltration tests, seepage tests in niches, fractured matrix interaction tests, and flow and transport tests between tunnels. In addition, a series of heater tests has and is being conducted to evaluate the effects of heat on fluid flow, seepage, and radionuclide transport. Along with all of these tests, computer modeling is used to design the tests, predict the results, and then calibrate to actual test data after the test is completed. In this paper, we show a virtual tour of the various hydrological and thermal test beds in the tunnels at Yucca Mountain. Then we will describe the major tests, results obtained, and modeling of these tests. Emphasis is placed upon current understanding of large-scale water flow through the mountain, potential water seepage into drifts, and radionuclide transport processes. Finally, we discuss uncertainties in process understanding, testing results, and modeling. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 58 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - high-level waste KW - isotopes KW - matrix KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - models KW - water table KW - radioactive isotopes KW - boreholes KW - transport KW - dissolved materials KW - tunnels KW - movement KW - testing KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52001561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Testing+and+modeling+of+the+unsaturated+zone+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Bodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bodvarsson&rft.aufirst=Gudmundur&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; data processing; dissolved materials; fractured materials; ground water; high-level waste; isotopes; matrix; models; movement; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; seepage; testing; transport; tunnels; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; water table; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unsaturated flow in two-dimensional fracture networks AN - 52001395; 2003-029168 AB - Although considerable progress has been made in understanding unsaturated flow processes in a single fracture, our knowledge of unsaturated flow in fracture networks remains incomplete. In this study, we present a numerical investigation of steady flow behavior in two-dimensional fracture networks containing thousands of fractures within a 10 mX10 m domain. Simulation results indicate that flow paths are generally vertical (as a result of gravity-dominated flow behavior), with subhorizontal fractures providing pathways for communications between vertical flow paths, inducing horizontal spreading of these paths. Although many fractures with small trace lengths do not contribute to the global flow through a fracture network, some of them are still connected to the major flow paths and thus contribute to the overall connectivity of the network. They may also considerably affect the interaction between fractures and the matrix. Based on our simulation results, we hypothesize that average spacing between flow paths in a layered system tends to increase with depth as long as flow is gravity-driven. We also discuss the concept of a capillary-barrier influence zone to describe seepage from fracture networks to underground openings (drifts). Our simulation results imply that three-dimensional fracture network models are needed for providing a more realistic evaluation of capillary-barrier effects. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Liu, H H AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Finsterle, S A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 60 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - processes KW - fractures KW - three-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - movement KW - connectivity KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52001395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Unsaturated+flow+in+two-dimensional+fracture+networks&rft.au=Liu%2C+H+H%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BFinsterle%2C+S+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - connectivity; fractures; ground water; movement; numerical analysis; processes; seepage; simulation; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seepage into an underground opening constructed in unsaturated fractured rock under evaporative conditions AN - 51970141; 2003-051631 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Trautz, Robert C AU - Wang, Joseph S Y Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - hydraulics KW - volcanic rocks KW - Basin and Range Province KW - site exploration KW - rhyolitic composition KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - techniques KW - fluid dynamics KW - seepage KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - ash-flow tuff KW - fractures KW - transport KW - percolation KW - Yucca Mountain KW - construction KW - Nevada KW - disposal barriers KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - capillarity KW - Nye County Nevada KW - evapotranspiration KW - depth KW - pyroclastics KW - boreholes KW - wettability KW - testing KW - waste disposal KW - instruments KW - field studies KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51970141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Seepage+into+an+underground+opening+constructed+in+unsaturated+fractured+rock+under+evaporative+conditions&rft.au=Trautz%2C+Robert+C%3BWang%2C+Joseph+S+Y&rft.aulast=Trautz&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000690 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ash-flow tuff; Basin and Range Province; boreholes; capillarity; construction; depth; disposal barriers; evapotranspiration; field studies; fluid dynamics; fractures; ground water; hydraulics; hydrology; igneous rocks; instruments; Nevada; North America; Nye County Nevada; percolation; pollutants; pollution; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; rhyolitic composition; seepage; site exploration; techniques; testing; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; wettability; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000690 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding the anomalous temperature data from the Large Block Test at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51963584; 2003-051652 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Mukhopadhyay, S AU - Tsang, Y W Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 12 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - hydraulics KW - Large Block Test KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - heat capacity KW - mapping KW - temperature KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - thermal anomalies KW - heterogeneity KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - pollution KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - boreholes KW - saturation KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - field studies KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51963584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+anomalous+temperature+data+from+the+Large+Block+Test+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Mukhopadhyay%2C+S%3BTsang%2C+Y+W&rft.aulast=Mukhopadhyay&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR001059 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; experimental studies; field studies; fractures; ground water; heat capacity; heterogeneity; hydraulics; injection; Large Block Test; mapping; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; pollutants; pollution; porosity; radioactive waste; saturation; site exploration; solute transport; temperature; thermal anomalies; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR001059 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic investigation of pore water interaction with buried carbonate layers at the Hanford Site, Pasco Basin, WA AN - 51838912; 2004-044578 AB - Clastic sediments of the Hanford and Ringold formations contain laterally extensive carbonate layers at the Hanford Site, located in the Columbia Plateau of south-central Washington. Pu for nuclear weapons was produced and chemically separated from other reactor products at the Hanford Site throughout the Cold War, which has resulted in some of the most serious and complex groundwater contamination problems in the country. The carbonate layers, known as "caliche" are associated with high moisture contents and high cation concentrations in vadose zone pore waters. These layers likely impede infiltrating fluids due to their low permeability relative to the surrounding sands and gravels, and may interact with contaminants migrating through the unsaturated zone. The morphology of the carbonates has been attributed to soil forming processes during depositional hiatuses and with later modification by groundwaters. This study uses Sr, C, and O isotopes as tracers to infer the depositional environment and test for later modification of buried carbonate layers at Hanford. In hand sample, some carbonate layers display laminae that are a few millimeters thick, separated by centimeters thick micritic or sandy zones. A thin rind of carbonate commonly coats clastic pebbles included in the carbonate layers. Crushed "whole rock" samples and subsamples of the laminae, groundmass, and pebble rinds have delta (super 13) C (sub PDB) values of -8.7 to -4.4 per mil and delta (super 18) O (sub SMOW) values of 15.2 to 18.6 per mil. Carbon isotopes from these samples show a generally positive, linear correlation with oxygen isotope values. Disseminated carbonates from cored sediments have higher delta (super 13) C (sub PDB) values, and lower delta (super 18) O (sub SMOW) values than the "caliche" layers. Unsaturated zone pore waters at Hanford have delta (super 18) O (sub SMOW) values up to -7.5 per mil near the surface and are -17 to -14 per mil at depth, while groundwater values are generally -18 to -16 per mil. The "caliche" layers at Hanford retain an isotopic signature consistent with deposition from strongly evaporated, near surface waters, whereas disseminated carbonates are generally near isotopic equilibrium with less evaporated pore waters. Preliminary Sr isotope results suggest little modern interaction between the carbonate layers, which have (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr ratios around 0.710 and their pore waters, which are generally 0.715. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Singleton, Michael J AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Maher, Katharine AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Last, George V AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 190 EP - 191 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - caliche KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - whole rock KW - carbon KW - movement KW - sediments KW - Pasco Basin KW - sedimentary structures KW - zoning KW - soils KW - alkaline earth metals KW - pedogenesis KW - Hanford Formation KW - Washington KW - laminations KW - clastic sediments KW - isotope ratios KW - matrix KW - C-13/C-12 KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - O-18/O-16 KW - south-central Washington KW - Ringold Formation KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - Tertiary KW - planar bedding structures KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - Pliocene KW - Columbia Plateau KW - cations KW - carbonate rocks KW - strontium KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51838912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Isotopic+investigation+of+pore+water+interaction+with+buried+carbonate+layers+at+the+Hanford+Site%2C+Pasco+Basin%2C+WA&rft.au=Singleton%2C+Michael+J%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BMaher%2C+Katharine%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BLast%2C+George+V%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Singleton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; C-13/C-12; caliche; carbon; carbonate rocks; cations; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; Columbia Plateau; ground water; Hanford Formation; Hanford Site; infiltration; isotope ratios; isotopes; laminations; matrix; metals; moisture; movement; Neogene; O-18/O-16; oxygen; Pasco Basin; pedogenesis; permeability; planar bedding structures; Pliocene; pollution; pore water; Ringold Formation; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; sediments; soils; south-central Washington; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; surface water; Tertiary; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; whole rock; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of rock mechanical degradation on seepage into drifts AN - 51791132; 2004-077468 AB - Seepage into drifts in unsaturated tuff is an important issue for the long-term performance of the potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Drifts in which waste packages will potentially be emplaced are subject to degradation in the form of rockfall from the drift ceiling, induced by stress relief, seismic, or thermal effects. The objective of this study is to calculate seepage rates for various drift-degradation scenarios and for different values of percolation flux for the Topopah Spring middle nonlithophysal (Tptpmn) and the Topopah Spring lower lithophysal (Tptpll) units. Seepage calculations are conducted by (1) defining a heterogeneous permeability model on the drift scale that is consistent with field data, (2) selecting calibrated parameters associated with the Tptpmn and Tptpll units, and (3) simulating seepage on detailed degraded-drift profiles, which were obtained from a separate rock-mechanics engineering analysis. The simulation results indicate (1) that the seepage threshold (i.e., the percolation flux at which seepage first occurs) is not significantly changed by drift degradation and (2) the degradation-induced increase in seepage above the threshold is influenced more by the shape of the cavity created by rockfall than the rockfall volume. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Li, Guomin AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 310 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - calibration KW - seepage KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - mass movements KW - percolation KW - tuff KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - rockfalls KW - stress KW - Nye County Nevada KW - Miocene KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51791132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effects+of+rock+mechanical+degradation+on+seepage+into+drifts&rft.au=Li%2C+Guomin%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Guomin&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; Cenozoic; degradation; hydrology; igneous rocks; mass movements; Miocene; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; percolation; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; rock mechanics; rockfalls; seepage; stress; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; tuff; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Luminescence in natural apatite and apatite phosphors AN - 51790980; 2004-077473 AB - Natural apatite frequently displays strong luminescence under cathode ray stimulation (Cathodoluminescence) and under ultraviolet excitation (Photoluminescence). The luminescence is due in part to the insulating properties of the apatite and the large band gap, and to the favorable structure which can accommodate rare earths, transition metals, polyanions, and closed shell metal activators and sensitizers. Besides the beauty of the luminescence itself, which can take on practically any color, the emission spectrum can be used as a sensitive tool for trace ion detection and characterization, for analysis of growth history (via analysis of sector and concentric zoning), and for analysis of thermal and chemical variations both during and post growth. Synthetic halide apatites are also important phosphors, notably in fluorescent and projection lamps, and apatite-structure crystals are actively studied as laser hosts. This review will show examples of natural apatite luminescence, and describe briefly some of the connections between luminescence features and various aspects of trace metal chemistry and apatite formation conditions. Opportunities for future research involving both classical and new technologies will also be discussed. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Waychunas, Glenn A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 310 EP - 311 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - apatite KW - characterization KW - crystal structure KW - crystal growth KW - properties KW - phosphates KW - ions KW - cathodoluminescence KW - variations KW - luminescence KW - detection KW - color KW - photoluminescence KW - zoning KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51790980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Luminescence+in+natural+apatite+and+apatite+phosphors&rft.au=Waychunas%2C+Glenn+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Waychunas&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - apatite; cathodoluminescence; characterization; color; crystal growth; crystal structure; detection; ions; luminescence; phosphates; photoluminescence; properties; variations; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using pore-water chloride data to calibrate the Yucca Mountain unsaturated zone flow and transport model AN - 51790178; 2004-077465 AB - In this study, porewater chloride data from Yucca Mountain, Nevada, are analyzed and modeled by 3-D chemical transport simulations and analytical methods. The simulation modeling approach is based on a continuum formulation of coupled multiphase fluid flow and tracer transport processes through fractured porous rock, using a dual-continuum concept. Infiltration-rate calibrations were performed using pore-water chloride data. Model results of chloride distributions were improved in matching the observed data with the calibrated infiltration rates. Statistical analyses of the frequency distribution for overall percolation fluxes and chloride concentrations in the unsaturated zone system demonstrate that the use of the calibrated infiltration rates had an insignificant effect on the distribution of simulated percolation fluxes, but significantly changed the predicted distribution of simulated chloride concentrations. An analytical method was also applied to model transient chloride transport. The method was verified by 3-D simulation results as able to capture major chemical transient behavior and trends. Effects of lateral flow on percolation fluxes and chloride distribution in the Paintbrush nonwelded unit were studied by 3-D simulations, with increased horizontal permeability. The combined results from these model calibrations furnish important information for the UZ model studies, contributing to performance assessment of the potential repository. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Liu, J AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 309 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - halogens KW - calibration KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - transport KW - chloride ion KW - tracers KW - percolation KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - chlorine KW - three-dimensional models KW - porous materials KW - Nye County Nevada KW - hydrochemistry KW - Miocene KW - models KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - waste disposal KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - Paintbrush Tuff KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51790178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Using+pore-water+chloride+data+to+calibrate+the+Yucca+Mountain+unsaturated+zone+flow+and+transport+model&rft.au=Liu%2C+J%3BSonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; Cenozoic; chloride ion; chlorine; fractured materials; geochemistry; halogens; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Miocene; models; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; Paintbrush Tuff; percolation; permeability; pore water; porous materials; processes; radioactive waste; simulation; Tertiary; three-dimensional models; tracers; transport; United States; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical and experimental simulation of dissolution and precipitation; implications for fracture sealing at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51789861; 2004-077467 AB - Plugging of flow paths caused by mineral precipitation in fractures above the potential repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, would reduce the probability of water seeping into the repository. As part of an ongoing effort to evaluate thermal-hydrologic-chemical (THC) effects on flow in fractured media, we performed a laboratory experiment and numerical simulations to investigate mineral dissolution and precipitation under anticipated temperature and pressure conditions in the repository. To replicate mineral dissolution by vapor condensate in fractured tuff, water was flowed through crushed Yucca Mountain tuff at 94 degrees C. The resulting steady-state fluid composition had a total dissolved solids content of about 140 mg/L; silica was the dominant dissolved constituent. A portion of the steady-state mineralized water was flowed into a vertically oriented planar fracture in a block of welded Topopah Spring Tuff that was maintained at 80 degrees C at the top and 130 degrees C at the bottom. The fracture began to seal with amorphous silica within five days. A 1-D plug-flow numerical model was used to simulate mineral dissolution, and a similar model was developed to simulate the flow of mineralized water through a planar fracture, where boiling conditions led to mineral precipitation. Predicted concentrations of the major dissolved constituents for the tuff dissolution were within a factor of 2 of the measured average steady-state compositions. The mineral precipitation simulations predicted the precipitation of amorphous silica at the base of the boiling front, leading to a greater than fifty-fold decrease in fracture permeability in 5 days, consistent with the laboratory experiment. These results help validate the use of a numerical model to simulate THC processes at Yucca Mountain. The experiment and simulations indicated that boiling and concomitant precipitation of amorphous silica could cause significant reductions in fracture porosity and permeability on a local scale. However, differences in fluid flow rates and thermal gradients between the experimental setup and anticipated conditions at Yucca Mountain need to be factored into scaling the results of the dissolution/precipitation experiments and associated simulations to THC models for the potential Yucca Mountain repository. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Dobson, P F AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Spycher, N AU - Apps, J A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 309 EP - 310 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - one-dimensional models KW - igneous rocks KW - solution KW - simulation KW - seepage KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - silica KW - heat flow KW - tuff KW - geothermal gradient KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - P-T conditions KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - numerical analysis KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - Miocene KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - precipitation KW - Neogene KW - steady-state processes KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51789861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Numerical+and+experimental+simulation+of+dissolution+and+precipitation%3B+implications+for+fracture+sealing+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Kneafsey%2C+T+J%3BDobson%2C+P+F%3BSonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BApps%2C+J+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kneafsey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; experimental studies; fractured materials; fractures; geothermal gradient; heat flow; igneous rocks; laboratory studies; Miocene; Neogene; Nevada; numerical analysis; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; one-dimensional models; P-T conditions; permeability; porosity; precipitation; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; seepage; silica; simulation; solution; steady-state processes; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; tuff; United States; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal loading at a potential repository; modeling the thermal-hydrological response within the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51789144; 2004-077469 AB - This paper presents a numerical study on the response of the unsaturated zone (UZ) system of Yucca Mountain to heat generated from decaying radioactive wastes emplaced at the proposed repository. The modeling study is based on the current thermal-hydrological (TH) mountain-scale model, which uses a locally refined 2D north-south cross section and dual-permeability numerical approach. The model provides a prediction of the mountain-scale TH response under the thermal-load scenario of 1.45 kW/m, while accounting for future climatic changes and the effects of drift ventilation. The TH simulation results show that ventilation of the repository drifts has a large impact on thermal-hydrologic regimes and moisture-flow conditions at the repository. In both cases, with and without ventilation, the TH model predicts dry or reduced liquid saturation near the drifts for over 1,000 years, during which liquid flux through the drifts is reduced to either zero or less than the ambient flux. Without ventilation, the model predicts higher temperatures at the repository, but no major moisture redistribution in the UZ except in the areas very near the heated drifts. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Haukwa, C AU - Wu, Y S AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 310 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - moisture KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - thermal regime KW - Nye County Nevada KW - climate change KW - two-dimensional models KW - radioactive waste KW - ventilation KW - saturation KW - future KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51789144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Thermal+loading+at+a+potential+repository%3B+modeling+the+thermal-hydrological+response+within+the+unsaturated+zone+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Haukwa%2C+C%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Haukwa&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate change; future; hydrology; moisture; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; radioactive waste; saturation; thermal regime; two-dimensional models; United States; unsaturated zone; ventilation; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive geochemical transport simulation to study mineral trapping for CO2 disposal in deep saline arenaceous formations AN - 51787539; 2004-077759 AB - A reactive fluid flow and geochemical transport numerical model for evaluating long-term CO (sub 2) disposal in deep geologic formations has been developed. The numerical model is needed because alteration of the predominant host rock aluminosilicate minerals is very slow and is not amenable to laboratory experiment under ambient deep-formation conditions. Using this model, we performed numerical simulations of natural condition and CO (sub 2) injection for a commonly encountered Gulf Coast sediment to analyze the impact of CO (sub 2) immobilization through carbonate precipitation. Under conditions considered in our simulations, CO (sub 2) trapping by secondary carbonate minerals such as calcite (CaCO (sub 3) ), dolomite (CaMg(CO (sub 3) ) (sub 2) ), siderite (FeCO (sub 3) ), and dawsonite (NaAlCO (sub 3) (OH) (sub 2) ) could occur in the presence of high pressure CO (sub 2) . Variations in precipitation of secondary carbonate minerals strongly depend on rock mineral composition and their kinetic reaction rates. Using the data presented in this paper, CO (sub 2) mineral-trapping capability after 10,000 years is comparable to CO (sub 2) dissolution in pore waters (2-5 kg CO (sub 2) per cubic meter of formation). The addition of CO (sub 2) mass as secondary carbonates to the solid matrix results in decreases in porosity. A small decrease in porosity may result in a significant decrease in permeability. Despite simplifications in the current model, a comparison between initial model results and field observations for natural diagenesis of Gulf Coast sediments is instructive. Most of the simulated mineral alteration pattern is consistent with the observations. Some inconsistencies are noted which can help identify issues, limitations, and areas where the conceptual model requires improvement. The numerical simulations described here provide useful insight into sequestration mechanisms, and their controlling conditions and parameters. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Xu, Tianfu AU - Apps, John AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 390 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - alteration KW - solution KW - simulation KW - carbon dioxide KW - dolomite KW - controls KW - transport KW - sediments KW - geochemistry KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - textures KW - host rocks KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - high pressure KW - porosity KW - calcite KW - models KW - siderite KW - diagenesis KW - dawsonite KW - arenaceous texture KW - carbonates KW - pore water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51787539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Reactive+geochemical+transport+simulation+to+study+mineral+trapping+for+CO2+disposal+in+deep+saline+arenaceous+formations&rft.au=Xu%2C+Tianfu%3BApps%2C+John%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Tianfu&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; arenaceous texture; calcite; carbon dioxide; carbonates; controls; dawsonite; diagenesis; dolomite; geochemistry; Gulf Coastal Plain; high pressure; host rocks; models; numerical models; pore water; porosity; pressure; sediments; siderite; simulation; solution; textures; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of temperature on water-rock interactions around drifts at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51775405; 2005-000189 AB - The evolution of fluid chemistry and mineral alteration around a potential waste emplacement tunnel (drift) is evaluated using numerical modeling. The model considers the flow of water, gas, and heat, plus reactions between minerals, CO2 gas, and aqueous species, and porosity-permeability-capillary pressure coupling for a dual-permeability (fractures and matrix) medium. Two possible operating temperature modes are investigated: a high-temperature case, with temperatures exceeding the boiling point of water for several hundred years, and a low-temperature case, with temperatures remaining below boiling for the entire life of the repository. In both cases, possible seepage waters are characterized by dilute-to-moderate salinities and mildly alkaline pH values. These trends in fluid composition and mineral alteration are controlled by various coupled mechanisms. For example, upon heating and boiling, CO2 exsolution from pore waters raises pH and causes calcite precipitation. In condensation zones, this CO2 redisolves, resulting in a decrease in pH that causes calcite dissolution and enhances feldspar alteration to clays. Heat also enhances dissolution of wall-rock minerals, leading to elevated silica concentrations. Amorphous silica precipitates through evaporative concentration caused by boiling in the high-temperature case, but does not precipitate in the low-temperature case. Some alteration of feldspars to clays and zeolites is predicted in the high-temperature case. In both cases, calcite precipitates when percolating waters are heated near the drift. The predicted porosity decrease around drifts in the high-temperature case (several percent of the fracture volume) is larger by at least one order of magnitude than in the low-temperature case. Although there are important differences between the two investigated temperature modes in the predicted evolution of fluid compositions and mineral alteration around drifts, these differences are small relative to the model uncertainty and the variability of water compositions at Yucca Mountain. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Spycher, N AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Apps, J A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 236 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - alteration KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - effects KW - salinity KW - Nye County Nevada KW - hydrochemistry KW - seepage KW - porosity KW - variations KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - water-rock interaction KW - boiling KW - low temperature KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - high temperature KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51775405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effect+of+temperature+on+water-rock+interactions+around+drifts+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Spycher%2C+N%3BSonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BApps%2C+J+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Spycher&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; boiling; capillary pressure; carbon dioxide; effects; geochemistry; high temperature; hydrochemistry; low temperature; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; pH; porosity; salinity; seepage; temperature; United States; variations; waste disposal; water-rock interaction; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of parallel computing to simulate fluid flow in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 51774147; 2005-000196 AB - This paper presents the application of parallel computing techniques to large-scale modeling of fluid flow in the unsaturated zone (UZ) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. In this study, parallel computing techniques, as implemented into the TOUGH2 code, are applied in large-scale numerical simulations on a distributed-memory parallel computer. The modeling study has been conducted using an over-one-million-cell three-dimensional numerical model, which incorporates a wide variety of field data for the highly heterogeneous, fractured formation at Yucca Mountain. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of various surface infiltration scenarios (under current and possible future climates) on flow through the UZ system, using hydrogeological conceptual models with refined grids. The results indicate that the one-million-cell models produce better resolution results and reveal some flow patterns that cannot be obtained using coarse-grid models. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, K AU - Wu, Y S AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 237 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - fractured materials KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - Nye County Nevada KW - ground water KW - models KW - computer programs KW - heterogeneous materials KW - infiltration KW - parallel processing KW - applications KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51774147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+use+of+parallel+computing+to+simulate+fluid+flow+in+the+unsaturated+zone+of+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Zhang%2C+K%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; computer programs; data processing; fractured materials; ground water; heterogeneous materials; infiltration; models; Nevada; numerical analysis; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; parallel processing; simulation; three-dimensional models; TOUGH2; United States; unsaturated zone; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal fluctuation in uranium decay-series composition of waters at Pena Blanca, Mexico AN - 51772942; 2005-000187 AB - In the 1970s, the Pena Blanca region ( approximately 50 km north of Chihuahua City, Mexico) was a target of uranium exploration and mining by the Mexican government. Since that time the Nopal I uranium deposit, located in unsaturated volcanic tuff, has been studied extensively because it is a good analogue for evaluating the fate of spent fuel, associated actinides, and fission products at a Yucca Mountain repository. Water samples were collected from various locations (adit seepage, perched water, water supply well) near the Nopal I uranium deposit. (super 234) U/ (super 238) U ratios were higher in samples collected previously during relatively wet (summer) conditions (Pickett and Murphy 1999) than those of our data collected over the last two years from the same locations during dry (winter) conditions. Wet season samples have uranium concentrations <6 ppb and (super 234) U/ (super 238) U ratios of 76X10 (super -6) to 278X10 (super -6) (Pickett and Murphy 1999). Dry season samples show uranium concentrations of <68 ppb and (super 234) U/ (super 238) U ratios of 50X10 (super -6) to 156X10 (super -6) . Two processes could be responsible for the seasonal variations in uranium isotopic composition at the site: 1) increased uranium dissolution and/or lower alpha -recoil-associated (super 234) U enrichment rates in the vadose zone near the deposit during the dry season; and 2) increased evaporation under low-humidity conditions. Large variations in the U concentration and U/U ratio were also found in samples collected from the saturated zone during the dry season. Observations such as these are important to performance assessments for evaluating the effects of climate on the long-term behavior of uranium in an oxidizing geologic environment. To correct analytical model results for the possible effect of evaporative concentration, chloride and stable isotope measurements made on water samples from the vadose zone are compared to those of rainwater. The U-series model results contribute toward understanding of the 3-D transport of uranium and radiogenic daughter products at Pena Blanca. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Simmons, Ardyth M AU - Murrell, Michael T AU - Goldstein, Steven J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 235 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - mineral exploration KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - Nopal I Deposit KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Chihuahua Mexico KW - radioactive isotopes KW - perched aquifers KW - transport KW - tuff KW - Sierra Pena Blanca KW - geochemistry KW - rain KW - three-dimensional models KW - isotope ratios KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - pyroclastics KW - uranium ores KW - Mexico KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-234 KW - seasonal variations KW - water wells KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51772942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Seasonal+fluctuation+in+uranium+decay-series+composition+of+waters+at+Pena+Blanca%2C+Mexico&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Ardyth+M%3BMurrell%2C+Michael+T%3BGoldstein%2C+Steven+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Ardyth&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; Chihuahua Mexico; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; metal ores; metals; Mexico; mineral exploration; Nopal I Deposit; perched aquifers; pyroclastics; radioactive isotopes; rain; seasonal variations; Sierra Pena Blanca; three-dimensional models; transport; tuff; U-238/U-234; unsaturated zone; uranium; uranium ores; volcanic rocks; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of molecules in understanding molluscan evolution; examples from the bivalves AN - 51745451; 2005-019249 AB - The phylum Mollusca is one of the largest animal phyla with diverse body plans and an extensive fossil record. Some of the molluscan classes are so modified that phylogenetic reconstruction within the phylum, based on morphological characters has been controversial. With the advent of molecular techniques, sequence data has become an alternative source of phylogenetic characters. Initially, nuclear ribosomal small subunit (18S) data was widely used, mainly to understand the relationship of molluscs with other protostome groups. Recently, 18S data have been used to investigate relationships between the different classes. A few other gene fragments have been used to address relationships within certain classes. In addition to the sequence data, developmental genes and mitochondrial gene order data have become available for several groups. I intend to provide an overview of the current status for the different types of molecular data and what direction research is taking in the study of molluscan evolution with examples from the Bivalvia. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Medina, Monica AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - October 2002 SP - 537 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - morphology KW - Bivalvia KW - Invertebrata KW - biologic evolution KW - reconstruction KW - Mollusca KW - molecular biology KW - 10:Invertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51745451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+role+of+molecules+in+understanding+molluscan+evolution%3B+examples+from+the+bivalves&rft.au=Medina%2C+Monica%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Medina&rft.aufirst=Monica&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biologic evolution; Bivalvia; Invertebrata; molecular biology; Mollusca; morphology; reconstruction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic carbon and carbon isotopes in modern and 100-year-old-soil archives of the Russian steppe AN - 20840454; 5443047 AB - Archived soils can provide valuable information about changes in the carbon and carbon isotope content of soils during the past century. We characterized soil carbon dynamics in a Russian steppe preserve using a 100-year-old-soil archive and modern samples collected from the same site. The site has been protected since 1885 to the present, during which time the region has experienced widespread conversion to cultivation, a decrease in fire frequency, and a trend of increasing precipitation. In the preserve, the amount of organic carbon did not change appreciably between the 1900 and 1997 sampling dates, with 32 kg C/m super(2) in the top meter and a third of that in the top 20 cm. Carbon and nitrogen stocks varied by less than 6% between two replicate modern soil pits or between the modern sites and the archive. Radiocarbon content decreased with depth in all sites and the modern SOM had positive Delta values near the surface due to nuclear weapons testing in the early 1960s. In the upper 10 cm, most of the SOM had a turnover time of 6-10 years, according to a model fit to the radiocarbon content. Below about 10 cm, the organic matter was almost all passive material with long (millennial) turnover times. Soil respiration Delta super(14)CO sub(2) on a summer day was 106-109ppt, an isotopic disequilibrium of about 9ppt relative to atmospheric super(14)CO sub(2). In both the modern and archive soil, the relative abundance of super(13)C in organic matter increased with depth by 2ppt in the upper meter from delta super(13)C = --26ppt at 5 cm to --24ppt below a meter. In addition, the slope of delta super(13)C vs. depth below 5 cm was the same for both soils. Given the age of the soil archive, these results give clear evidence that the depth gradients are not due to depletion of atmospheric super(13)CO sub(2) by fossil fuel emissions but must instead be caused by isotopic fractionation between plant litter inputs and preservation of SOM. Overall, the data show that these soils have a large reservoir of recalcitrant C and stocks had not changed between sampling dates 100 years apart. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Torn AU - Timofeev, A AU - Fischer, M L AU - Harden, J W AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Geography and Planning, University at Albany, NY 12222, USA, Academy of Forestry, St. Petersburg, Russia, United States Geologic Survey, Menlo Park, CA, USA, mstorn@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 941 EP - 953 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 8 IS - 10 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Soil KW - Isotopes KW - Litter KW - Carbon KW - Organic matter KW - Sampling KW - Precipitation KW - Steppes KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20840454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Organic+carbon+and+carbon+isotopes+in+modern+and+100-year-old-soil+archives+of+the+Russian+steppe&rft.au=Torn%3BTimofeev%2C+A%3BFischer%2C+M+L%3BHarden%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2486.2002.00477.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Litter; Isotopes; Carbon; Organic matter; Precipitation; Sampling; Steppes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00477.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Saturation-matric potential relations in gravel AN - 19924657; 5565864 AB - Some environmentally sensitive unsaturated zone sediments, such as those underlying radioactive waste tanks in Hanford (Washington State), contain large fractions of gravels and coarse sands. Coarse, granular media are also included in designs of engineered capillary barriers for subsurface waste isolation. Thus knowledge of the unsaturated hydraulic properties of gravels is needed to understand flow and transport in these critical settings. When standard methods for measuring moisture characteristics or water retention relations are used for gravels, corrections are needed in the near-zero region of matric (pressure) potentials. The need for correction results from gravity stratification of saturation profiles within even short sample columns. Such a correction method was developed and used to determine drainage curves for Hanford gravels having characteristic grain sizes of 8.0-9.5, 4.8-5.3, and 2.0-2.4 mm. In 30 mm tall sample columns, gravity corrections were essential for the 9 and 5 mm gravels and less significant for the 2 mm gravel. Validity of the correction method was demonstrated through accurately reconstructing average column saturation-potential relations from their predicted local saturation-potential relations. The method and results presented here are part of an ongoing study on Hanford gravels and on limits to classical unsaturated hydraulic scaling encountered at large grain sizes. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Wan, J AU - Olson, K R AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, tktokunaga@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 VL - 38 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - USA, Washington, Hanford KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Aeration Zone KW - Barriers KW - Water resources KW - Stratification KW - USA, Washington KW - Sand KW - Grain size KW - Data Interpretation KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - Particle size KW - Experimental Data KW - Sediment pollution KW - Gravel KW - Soil/water systems KW - Wastes KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Saturation KW - Sediments KW - scaling KW - Soil Water Potential KW - Aeration (see also Oxygenation, Re-oxygenation) KW - Gravity corrections KW - Hazardous wastes KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - Q2 09267:Gravity and geodesy KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19924657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Saturation-matric+potential+relations+in+gravel&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+T+K%3BWan%2C+J%3BOlson%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR001242 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Gravel; Barriers; Grain size; Radioactive wastes; Wastes; Water resources; Gravity corrections; Particle size; Hydraulics; Sand; Stratification; Hazardous wastes; Sediments; scaling; Aeration (see also Oxygenation, Re-oxygenation); Soil/water systems; Saturation; Experimental Data; Soil Water Potential; Aeration Zone; Data Interpretation; Hydraulic Properties; USA, Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR001242 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intake Fraction for Multimedia Pollutants: A Tool for Life Cycle Analysis and Comparative Risk Assessment AN - 19706516; 8533418 AB - We employ the intake fraction (iF) as an effective tool for expressing the source-to-intake relationship for pollutant emissions in life cycle analysis (LCA) or comparative risk assessment. Intake fraction is the fraction of chemical mass emitted into the environment that eventually passes into a member of the population through inhalation, ingestion, or dermal exposure. To date, this concept has been primarily applied to pollutants whose primary route of exposure is inhalation. Here we extend the use of iF to multimedia pollutants with multiple exposure pathways. We use a level III multimedia model to calculate iF for TCDD and compare the result to one calculated from measured levels of dioxin toxic equivalents in the environment. We calculate iF for emissions to air and surface water for 308 chemicals. We correlate the primary exposure route with the magnitudes of the octanol-water partition coefficient, K sub(ow), and of the air-water partitioning coefficient (dimensionless Henry constant), K sub(aw). This results in value ranges of K sub(ow) and K sub(aw) where the chemical exposure route can be classified with limited input data requirements as primarily inhalation, primarily ingestion, or multipathway. For the inhalation and ingestion dominant pollutants, we also define empirical relationships based on chemical properties for quantifying the intake fraction. The empirical relationships facilitate rapid evaluation of many chemicals in terms of the intake. By defining a theoretical upper limit for iF in a multimedia environment we find that iF calculations provide insight into the multimedia model algorithms and help identify unusual patterns of exposure and questionable exposure model results. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Bennett, Deborah H AU - Margni, Manuele D AU - McKone, Thomas E AU - Jolliet, Olivier AD - School of Public Health, Harvard University., temckone@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/10// PY - 2002 DA - Oct 2002 SP - 905 EP - 918 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Osney Mead Oxford OX2 0EL UK, [mailto:journals.cs@blacksci.co.uk], [URL:http://www.blacksci.co.uk] VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Risk assessment KW - Life cycle analysis KW - life cycle analysis KW - Surface water KW - TCDD KW - Ingestion KW - Air pollution KW - Emissions KW - chemical properties KW - Chemical properties KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23050:Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19706516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Intake+Fraction+for+Multimedia+Pollutants%3A+A+Tool+for+Life+Cycle+Analysis+and+Comparative+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Bennett%2C+Deborah+H%3BMargni%2C+Manuele+D%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E%3BJolliet%2C+Olivier&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=905&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1539-6924.00260 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Air pollution; Inhalation; Life cycle analysis; Surface water; life cycle analysis; chemical properties; Emissions; TCDD; Chemical properties; Ingestion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1539-6924.00260 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Autophosphorylation of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit is required for rejoining of DNA double-strand breaks. AN - 72093320; 12231622 AB - Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) is the predominant pathway that repairs DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in mammalian cells. The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), consisting of Ku and DNA-PK catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), is activated by DNA in vitro and is required for NHEJ. We report that DNA-PKcs is autophosphorylated at Thr2609 in vivo in a Ku-dependent manner in response to ionizing radiation. Phosphorylated DNA-PKcs colocalizes with both gamma-H2AX and 53BP1 after DNA damage. Mutation of Thr2609 to Ala leads to radiation sensitivity and impaired DSB rejoining. These findings establish that Ku-dependent phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs at Thr2609 is required for the repair of DSBs by NHEJ. JF - Genes & development AU - Chan, Doug W AU - Chen, Benjamin Ping-Chi AU - Prithivirajsingh, Sheela AU - Kurimasa, Akihiro AU - Story, Michael D AU - Qin, Jun AU - Chen, David J AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2002/09/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 15 SP - 2333 EP - 2338 VL - 16 IS - 18 SN - 0890-9369, 0890-9369 KW - Antigens, Nuclear KW - 0 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Nuclear Proteins KW - Protein Subunits KW - Threonine KW - 2ZD004190S KW - DNA-Activated Protein Kinase KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - PRKDC protein, human KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases KW - DNA Helicases KW - EC 3.6.4.- KW - XRCC5 protein, human KW - EC 3.6.4.12 KW - Xrcc6 protein, human KW - Ku Autoantigen KW - EC 4.2.99.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Non-programmatic KW - Animals KW - Nuclear Proteins -- genetics KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- chemistry KW - HeLa Cells KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Catalytic Domain KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Base Sequence KW - Threonine -- chemistry KW - Phosphorylation KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Nuclear Proteins -- chemistry KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid KW - Nuclear Proteins -- metabolism KW - Cell Line KW - Radiation Tolerance -- genetics KW - Cricetinae KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases -- chemistry KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases -- metabolism KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72093320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genes+%26+development&rft.atitle=Autophosphorylation+of+the+DNA-dependent+protein+kinase+catalytic+subunit+is+required+for+rejoining+of+DNA+double-strand+breaks.&rft.au=Chan%2C+Doug+W%3BChen%2C+Benjamin+Ping-Chi%3BPrithivirajsingh%2C+Sheela%3BKurimasa%2C+Akihiro%3BStory%2C+Michael+D%3BQin%2C+Jun%3BChen%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Doug&rft.date=2002-09-15&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=2333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genes+%26+development&rft.issn=08909369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-17 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Res. 1998 Oct 1;58(19):4375-82 [9766667] Trends Biochem Sci. 1998 Oct;23(10):394-8 [9810228] Radiat Res. 1999 Feb;151(2):159-66 [9952300] Mol Cell Biol. 1999 May;19(5):3877-84 [10207111] Genes Dev. 1999 Apr 15;13(8):916-34 [10215620] J Cell Biol. 1999 Sep 6;146(5):905-16 [10477747] Trends Genet. 2000 Jun;16(6):259-64 [10827453] Curr Biol. 2000 Jul 27-Aug 10;10(15):886-95 [10959836] Nature. 2000 Nov 23;408(6811):433-9 [11100718] Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2001 Apr;13(2):225-31 [11248557] Nat Rev Genet. 2001 Mar;2(3):196-206 [11256071] J Cell Biol. 2001 Apr 30;153(3):613-20 [11331310] Nature. 2001 May 24;411(6836):494-8 [11373684] J Biol Chem. 2001 Oct 12;276(41):38242-8 [11477099] J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 9;276(45):42462-7 [11571274] Genes Dev. 2002 Mar 1;16(5):560-70 [11877376] Genes Dev. 2002 Mar 1;16(5):571-82 [11877377] Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Dec;10(12):6472-81 [2247067] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Dec 15;89(24):11920-4 [1465419] Cell. 1993 Jan 15;72(1):131-42 [8422676] Int J Radiat Biol. 1994 May;65(5):523-8 [7910191] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 3;92(1):320-4 [7816841] Science. 1995 Feb 24;267(5201):1183-5 [7855602] J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 12;271(15):8936-41 [8621537] Biochem Cell Biol. 1996;74(1):67-73 [9035691] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Apr 29;94(9):4267-72 [9113978] EMBO J. 1997 Aug 15;16(16):5098-112 [9305651] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jan 20;95(2):525-30 [9435225] Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Apr 1;26(7):1551-9 [9512523] Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 1;60(5):1245-53 [10728683] Anal Chem. 1998 May 15;70(10):2050-9 [9608844] Science. 1998 Sep 11;281(5383):1674-7 [9733514] Science. 1998 Sep 11;281(5383):1677-9 [9733515] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic and clustering model of bacterial chemotaxis receptors: Structural basis for signaling and high sensitivity AN - 18485161; 5453545 AB - Bacterial chemotaxis receptors can detect a small concentration gradient of attractants and repellents in the environment over a wide range of background concentration. The clustering of these receptors to form patches observed in vivo and in vitro has been suspected as a reason for the high sensitivity, and such wide dynamic range is thought to be due to the resetting of the receptor sensitivity threshold by methylation/demethylation of the receptors. However, the mechanisms by which such high sensitivity is achieved and how the methylation/demethylation resets the sensitivity are not well understood. A molecular modeling of an intact bacterial chemotaxis receptor based on the crystal structures of a cytoplasmic domain and a periplasmic domain suggests an interesting clustering of three dimeric receptors and a two-dimensional, close-packed lattice formation of the clusters, where each receptor dimer contacts two other receptor dimers at the cytoplasmic domain and two yet different receptor dimers at the periplasmic domain. This interconnection of the receptors to form a patch of receptor clusters suggests a structural basis for the high sensitivity of the bacterial chemotaxis receptors. Furthermore, we present crystallographic data suggesting that, in contrast to most molecular signaling by conformational changes and/or oligomerization of the signaling molecules, the changes in dynamic property of the receptors on ligand binding or methylation may be the language of the signaling by the chemotaxis receptors. Taken together, the changes of the dynamic property of one receptor propagating mechanically to many others in the receptor patch provides a plausible, simple mechanism for the high sensitivity and the dynamic range of the receptors. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Kim, S AU - Wang, W AU - Kim, K K AD - Department of Chemistry and E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2002/09/03/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 03 SP - 11611 EP - 11615 VL - 99 IS - 18 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - molecular modeling KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - R 18007:Chemotaxis KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18485161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Dynamic+and+clustering+model+of+bacterial+chemotaxis+receptors%3A+Structural+basis+for+signaling+and+high+sensitivity&rft.au=Kim%2C+S%3BWang%2C+W%3BKim%2C+K+K&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-09-03&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=11611&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.132376499 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.132376499 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural insights by molecular dynamics simulations into differential repair efficiency for ethano-A versus etheno-A adducts by the human alkylpurine-DNA N-glycosylase. AN - 72049513; 12202763 AB - 1,N6-ethenoadenine adducts (epsilonA) are formed by known environmental carcinogens and found to be removed by human alkylpurine-DNA N-glycosylase (APNG). 1,N6-ethanoadenine (EA) adducts differ from epsilonA by change of a double bond to a single bond in the 5-member exocyclic ring and are formed by chloroethyl nitrosoureas, which are used in cancer therapy. In this work, using purified recombinant human APNG, we show that EA is a substrate for the enzyme. However, the excision efficiency of EA was 65-fold lower than that of epsilonA. Molecular dynamics simulation produced similar structural motifs for epsilonA and EA when incorporated into a DNA duplex, suggesting that there are no specific conformational features in the DNA duplex which can account for the differences in repair efficiency. However, when EA was modeled into the APNG active site, based on the APNG/epsilonA-DNA crystallographic coordinates, in structures produced by 2 ns molecular dynamics simulation, we observed weakening in the stacking interaction between EA and aromatic side chains of the key amino acids in the active site. In contrast, the planar epsilonA is better stacked at the enzyme active site. We propose that the observed destabilization of the EA adduct at the active site, such as reduced stacking interactions, could account for the biochemically observed weaker recognition of EA by APNG as compared to epsilonA. JF - Nucleic acids research AU - Guliaev, Anton B AU - Hang, Bo AU - Singer, B AD - Donner Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2002/09/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Sep 01 SP - 3778 EP - 3787 VL - 30 IS - 17 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Oligonucleotides KW - 1,N(6)-ethenoadenine KW - 13875-63-3 KW - DNA Glycosylases KW - EC 3.2.2.- KW - N-Glycosyl Hydrolases KW - DNA-3-methyladenine glycosidase II KW - EC 3.2.2.21 KW - Adenine KW - JAC85A2161 KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Oligonucleotides -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Oligonucleotides -- metabolism KW - Adenine -- chemistry KW - DNA Repair KW - Adenine -- metabolism KW - N-Glycosyl Hydrolases -- metabolism KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - N-Glycosyl Hydrolases -- chemistry KW - Adenine -- analogs & derivatives KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72049513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.atitle=Structural+insights+by+molecular+dynamics+simulations+into+differential+repair+efficiency+for+ethano-A+versus+etheno-A+adducts+by+the+human+alkylpurine-DNA+N-glycosylase.&rft.au=Guliaev%2C+Anton+B%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BSinger%2C+B&rft.aulast=Guliaev&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=3778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+acids+research&rft.issn=1362-4962&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-11-12 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell. 1996 Jul 26;86(2):321-9 [8706136] Cell. 1996 Jul 26;86(2):311-9 [8706135] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Nov 25;94(24):12869-74 [9371767] Structure. 1997 Dec 15;5(12):1543-50 [9438868] Cell. 1998 Oct 16;95(2):249-58 [9790531] J Biol Chem. 1998 Dec 11;273(50):33406-13 [9837917] Mutat Res. 1999 Mar 8;424(1-2):59-69 [10064850] Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct. 1999;28:101-28 [10410797] IARC Sci Publ. 1999;(150):1-16 [10626204] J Mol Biol. 2000 Feb 25;296(3):851-61 [10677286] Carcinogenesis. 2000 Sep;21(9):1727-36 [10964105] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Dec 5;97(25):13573-8 [11106395] Biochemistry. 2001 Mar 6;40(9):2923-31 [11258904] Biochemistry. 2002 Feb 19;41(7):2158-65 [11841206] Mutat Res. 1990 Nov-Dec;233(1-2):117-26 [2233793] Biochemistry. 1991 Feb 19;30(7):1820-8 [1993196] Biochemistry. 1991 Feb 19;30(7):1828-35 [1993197] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 1;88(15):6839-42 [1862108] Carcinogenesis. 1991 Oct;12(10):1971-3 [1934281] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Oct 15;89(20):9386-90 [1409645] Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Dec 11;21(24):5561-9 [8284199] Biochemistry. 1994 Feb 22;33(7):1624-8 [8110764] Chem Res Toxicol. 1995 Mar;8(2):278-83 [7766812] Nucleic Acids Res. 1995 Sep 25;23(18):3750-5 [7479006] J Mol Graph. 1996 Feb;14(1):33-8, 27-8 [8744570] Chem Res Toxicol. 1997 Jul;10(7):713-32 [9250405] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving the health of workers in indoor environments: priority research needs for a national occupational research agenda. AN - 72031462; 12197969 AB - Indoor nonindustrial work environments were designated a priority research area through the nationwide stakeholder process that created the National Occupational Research Agenda. A multidisciplinary research team used member consensus and quantitative estimates, with extensive external review, to develop a specific research agenda. The team outlined the following priority research topics: building-influenced communicable respiratory infections, building-related asthma/allergic diseases, and nonspecific building-related symptoms; indoor environmental science; and methods for increasing implementation of healthful building practices. Available data suggest that improving building environments may result in health benefits for more than 15 million of the 89 million US indoor workers, with estimated economic benefits of $5 to $75 billion annually. Research on these topics, requiring new collaborations and resources, offers enormous potential health and economic returns. JF - American journal of public health AU - Mendell, Mark J AU - Fisk, William J AU - Kreiss, Kathleen AU - Levin, Hal AU - Alexander, Darryl AU - Cain, William S AU - Girman, John R AU - Hines, Cynthia J AU - Jensen, Paul A AU - Milton, Donald K AU - Rexroat, Larry P AU - Wallingford, Kenneth M AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. mjmendell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 1430 EP - 1440 VL - 92 IS - 9 SN - 0090-0036, 0090-0036 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Occupational Health KW - Efficiency KW - Cost of Illness KW - Humans KW - Respiration Disorders -- etiology KW - Employer Health Costs KW - Workplace KW - Respiration Disorders -- economics KW - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) KW - Inhalation Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- economics KW - Occupational Diseases -- economics KW - Health Services Research KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- economics KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Health Priorities KW - Occupational Exposure -- economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72031462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+public+health&rft.atitle=Improving+the+health+of+workers+in+indoor+environments%3A+priority+research+needs+for+a+national+occupational+research+agenda.&rft.au=Mendell%2C+Mark+J%3BFisk%2C+William+J%3BKreiss%2C+Kathleen%3BLevin%2C+Hal%3BAlexander%2C+Darryl%3BCain%2C+William+S%3BGirman%2C+John+R%3BHines%2C+Cynthia+J%3BJensen%2C+Paul+A%3BMilton%2C+Donald+K%3BRexroat%2C+Larry+P%3BWallingford%2C+Kenneth+M&rft.aulast=Mendell&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1430&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+public+health&rft.issn=00900036&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-27 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Nov;116(5):828-33 [6293304] Bull N Y Acad Med. 1981 Dec;57(10):907-21 [6274457] J Infect Dis. 1987 Sep;156(3):442-8 [3039011] Eur J Epidemiol. 1987 Dec;3(4):327-35 [2446913] Ann Occup Hyg. 1987;31(4A):493-504 [3439759] JAMA. 1988 Apr 8;259(14):2108-12 [3346987] Am J Epidemiol. 1989 Feb;129(2):319-40 [2536217] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Nov;140(5):1363-7 [2817598] Occup Med. 1989 Oct-Dec;4(4):575-92 [2690375] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991 Aug;144(2):302-6 [1907115] Am J Public Health. 1993 Jan;83(1):89-93 [8417614] Annu Rev Public Health. 1993;14:491-513 [8323600] Am J Public Health. 1993 Sep;83(9):1326-9 [8363011] J Infect Dis. 1994 Jan;169(1):91-4 [8277202] N Engl J Med. 1994 Sep 8;331(10):643-8 [8052273] Arch Intern Med. 1994 Oct 24;154(20):2339-45 [7944856] Int J Epidemiol. 1994 Dec;23(6):1190-7 [7721522] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1995 Feb;21(1):51-9 [7784865] Eur J Epidemiol. 1995 Apr;11(2):213-6 [7672078] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1996 Feb;22(1):5-13 [8685674] J Am Geriatr Soc. 1996 Aug;44(8):910-3 [8708299] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Sep;154(3 Pt 1):654-60 [8810601] Epidemiology. 1996 Nov;7(6):583-9 [8899383] Acta Otolaryngol. 1997 Sep;117(5):724-7 [9349870] Am J Ind Med. 1998 Jan;33(1):1-10 [9408523] Am J Public Health. 1998 Mar;88(3):353-6 [9518963] Allergy. 1998 Feb;53(2):120-8 [9534909] Arch Environ Health. 1998 May-Jun;53(3):190-5 [9814714] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1998 Oct;71(7):479-86 [9826081] MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1998 Dec 4;47(47):1022-5 [9853939] Indoor Air. 1999 Sep;9(3):165-79 [10439554] Am J Hyg. 1948 Sep;48(2):240-51 [18885749] Indoor Air. 1999 Dec;9(4):226-52 [10649857] Indoor Air. 2000 Sep;10(3):138-45 [10979195] Ann Intern Med. 2000 Nov 21;133(10):779-89 [11085840] Indoor Air. 2000 Dec;10(4):212-21 [11089326] Indoor Air. 2000 Dec;10(4):222-36 [11089327] Indoor Air. 2000 Jun;10(2):82-91 [11980106] Indoor Air. 2000 Jun;10(2):92-100 [11980107] Bacteriol Rev. 1966 Sep;30(3):517-29 [5920335] Am J Med. 1974 Sep;57(3):466-75 [4212915] Ann Intern Med. 1978 Apr;88(4):463-7 [205151] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1980;353:147-56 [6261640] Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Apr;125(4):631-8 [3826042] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of fracture-intersection density for predicting the volume of unstable blocks in underground openings AN - 52053983; 2002-074948 JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Starzec, P AU - Tsang, C F Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 807 EP - 813 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 39 IS - 6 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - fractures KW - discontinuities KW - density KW - underground space KW - tunnels KW - prediction KW - deformation KW - rock mechanics KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52053983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Use+of+fracture-intersection+density+for+predicting+the+volume+of+unstable+blocks+in+underground+openings&rft.au=Starzec%2C+P%3BTsang%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Starzec&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - deformation; density; discontinuities; fractures; prediction; rock mechanics; tunnels; underground space ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental validation of the wavefield transform of electromagnetic fields AN - 51993050; 2003-034859 JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Das, Kaushik AU - Becker, Alex AU - Lee, Ki Ha Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 441 EP - 451 PB - European Association of Exploration Geophysicists, The Hague VL - 50 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - electrical conductivity KW - time domain analysis KW - electromagnetic field KW - wave fields KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51993050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Experimental+validation+of+the+wavefield+transform+of+electromagnetic+fields&rft.au=Das%2C+Kaushik%3BBecker%2C+Alex%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=Kaushik&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0016-8025&site=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPPRAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - electrical conductivity; electromagnetic field; laboratory studies; models; time domain analysis; wave fields ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal spas; an economical development alternative along both sides of the Uruguay River AN - 51842569; 2004-044455 JF - Quarterly Bulletin - Oregon Institute of Technology. Geo-Heat Center AU - Pesce, Abel AU - Lippmann, Marcelo Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 22 EP - 28 PB - Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, OR VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0276-1084, 0276-1084 KW - hydrology KW - resources KW - thermal spas KW - Uruguay KW - recreation KW - production KW - thermal waters KW - ground water KW - exploration KW - aquifers KW - geothermal energy KW - South America KW - utilization KW - energy sources KW - Argentina KW - Uruguay River KW - economics KW - Guarani Aquifer KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51842569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quarterly+Bulletin+-+Oregon+Institute+of+Technology.+Geo-Heat+Center&rft.atitle=Thermal+spas%3B+an+economical+development+alternative+along+both+sides+of+the+Uruguay+River&rft.au=Pesce%2C+Abel%3BLippmann%2C+Marcelo&rft.aulast=Pesce&rft.aufirst=Abel&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quarterly+Bulletin+-+Oregon+Institute+of+Technology.+Geo-Heat+Center&rft.issn=02761084&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.oit.edu/orec/geo-heat-center/quarterly-bulletin LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - OR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Argentina; economics; energy sources; exploration; geothermal energy; ground water; Guarani Aquifer; hydrology; production; recreation; resources; South America; thermal spas; thermal waters; Uruguay; Uruguay River; utilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Valence state imaging of mineral intergrowths AN - 51677637; 2005-063987 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Schofield, P F AU - Smith, A D AU - Cressey, G AU - Cressey, B A AU - Pattrick, R A D AU - Ohldag, H AU - Scholl, A AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 109 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - methods KW - jacobsite KW - imagery KW - hollandite KW - Mossbauer spectroscopy KW - EXAFS KW - intergrowths KW - electron probe KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - X-ray analysis KW - oxides KW - applications KW - valency KW - crystal chemistry KW - spectroscopy KW - electron energy loss spectra KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51677637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=Valence+state+imaging+of+mineral+intergrowths&rft.au=Schofield%2C+P+F%3BSmith%2C+A+D%3BCressey%2C+G%3BCressey%2C+B+A%3BPattrick%2C+R+A+D%3BOhldag%2C+H%3BScholl%2C+A%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Schofield&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; crystal chemistry; electron energy loss spectra; electron probe; EXAFS; hollandite; imagery; intergrowths; jacobsite; magnetite; methods; Mossbauer spectroscopy; oxides; spectroscopy; valency; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralogical controls of sulfide oxidation AN - 51643145; 2005-070673 JF - Abstracts of the ... General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association AU - Kwong, Y T J AU - Pratt, A AU - Botton, G AU - Lawrence, J R AU - Swerhorne, G W AU - Ackerman, G D AU - Parsons, Ian Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 191 PB - International Mineralogical Association, [location varies] VL - 18 KW - chemical weathering KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - analog simulation KW - pollution KW - weathering KW - laboratory studies KW - controls KW - humidity KW - stibnite KW - pyrite KW - spectra KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - leaching KW - sulfides KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51643145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.atitle=Mineralogical+controls+of+sulfide+oxidation&rft.au=Kwong%2C+Y+T+J%3BPratt%2C+A%3BBotton%2C+G%3BLawrence%2C+J+R%3BSwerhorne%2C+G+W%3BAckerman%2C+G+D%3BParsons%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Kwong&rft.aufirst=Y+T&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+the+...+General+Meeting+of+the+International+Mineralogical+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 18th general meeting of the International Mineralogical Association N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03852 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analog simulation; chemical weathering; controls; experimental studies; geochemistry; humidity; laboratory studies; leaching; oxidation; pollution; pyrite; spectra; stibnite; sulfides; weathering; X-ray photoelectron spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic biodegradation of toluene coupled to the microbial reduction of ferric iron; laboratory column experiments AN - 51179852; 2002-079130 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Zheng, Zuoping AU - Aagaard, Per AU - Breedveld, Gijs D Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 SP - 649 EP - 656 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 6 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - toluene KW - Europe KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - ferric iron KW - attenuation KW - mass balance KW - water treatment KW - reduction KW - ion exchange KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - Norway KW - Gardermoen Aquifer KW - pore water KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51179852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+biodegradation+of+toluene+coupled+to+the+microbial+reduction+of+ferric+iron%3B+laboratory+column+experiments&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Zuoping%3BAagaard%2C+Per%3BBreedveld%2C+Gijs+D&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Zuoping&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; attenuation; biodegradation; effluents; Europe; experimental studies; ferric iron; Gardermoen Aquifer; ground water; hydrocarbons; ion exchange; iron; laboratory studies; mass balance; metals; microorganisms; Norway; organic compounds; pollution; pore water; porous materials; reduction; remediation; Scandinavia; steady-state processes; toluene; water treatment; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A note on unsaturated flow in two-dimensional fracture networks AN - 18615281; 5533405 AB - Although considerable progress has been made in understanding unsaturated flow processes in a single fracture, our knowledge of unsaturated flow in fracture networks remains incomplete. In this study, we present a numerical investigation of steady flow behavior in two-dimensional fracture networks containing thousands of fractures within a 10 m X 10 m domain. Simulation results indicate that flow paths are generally vertical (as a result of gravity-dominated flow behavior), with subhorizontal fractures providing pathways for communications between vertical flow paths, inducing horizontal spreading of these paths. Although many fractures with small trace lengths do not contribute to the global flow through a fracture network, some of them are still connected to the major flow paths and thus contribute to the overall connectivity of the network. They may also considerably affect the interaction between fractures and the matrix. On the basis of our simulation results we hypothesize that average spacing between flow paths in a layered system tends to increase with depth as long as flow is gravity driven. We also discuss the concept of an influence zone of a capillary barrier to describe seepage from fracture networks to underground openings (drifts). Our simulation results imply that three-dimensional fracture network models are needed for providing a more realistic evaluation of capillary barrier effects. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Liu, H H AU - Bodvarsson, G S AU - Finsterle, S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - September 2002 VL - 38 IS - 9 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Soil moisture movement models KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Mathematical Models KW - Hydrogeology KW - Groundwater flow KW - Capillary Conductivity KW - Flow in porous media KW - Steady Flow KW - Model Studies KW - Numerical simulations KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Gravity Flow KW - Network KW - Fracturing KW - Soil moisture movement KW - Networks KW - Gravity flow KW - Steady flow KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Capillary conductivity of soil KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - M2 551.579.5:Soil moisture, percolation (551.579.5) KW - M2 556.072:Models, analogies, etc. (556.072) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18615281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+note+on+unsaturated+flow+in+two-dimensional+fracture+networks&rft.au=Liu%2C+H+H%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S%3BFinsterle%2C+S&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000977 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil moisture movement models; Numerical simulations; Soil moisture movement; Groundwater flow; Flow in porous media; Capillary conductivity of soil; Fracturing; Network; Hydrogeology; Gravity flow; Steady flow; Geologic Fractures; Mathematical Models; Gravity Flow; Unsaturated Flow; Capillary Conductivity; Networks; Steady Flow; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000977 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Initiation of MTBE Biotreatment in Fluidized-Bed Bioreactors AN - 16138128; 5466097 AB - Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is one of the most common ground water pollutants in the United States. Although MTBE has been characterized as a recalcitrant pollutant, it is now established that MTBE is biodegradable. A few bacteria that can grow on MTBE as a carbon and energy source have been identified and a host of bacteria that can cometabolize MTBE are known. There is very little information available concerning the biological treatment of MTBE contaminated ground water, despite the strong interest in applying biological treatment to the decontamination of MTBE laden water. In this paper we examine the treatment of contaminated ground water using a fluidized-bed bioreactor. Field studies demonstrated that the initiation of MTBE biotreatment was unpredictable, with one reactor starting to degrade MTBE immediately and a second reactor never degrading any MTBE. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine if a cosubstrate could be used to reliably enrich MTBE metabolizing microorganisms from a variety of environmental samples. It was determined that a number of compounds could enrich MTBE degrading populations, but that iso-pentane was the most reliable cometabolite of the compounds tested. Iso-pentane was used to initiate MTBE biotreatment in a laboratory fluidized-bed bioreactor. It was found that MTBE biotreatment continues even after iso-pentane addition was halted, suggesting that bacteria can gain maintenance energy from MTBE degradation. The reactor started with iso-pentane was as efficient as MTBE biotreatment as a reactor that started MTBE degradation without cosubstrate addition. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Stringfellow, W T AU - Oh, K-C AD - Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, wstringfellow@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/09// PY - 2002 DA - Sep 2002 SP - 852 EP - 861 VL - 128 IS - 9 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Bacteria KW - Biodegradation KW - Bioreactors KW - Decontamination KW - Fluidized beds KW - MTBE KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Water Pollution Treatment KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 210:Bioremediation, Bioreactors & BioCycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16138128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Initiation+of+MTBE+Biotreatment+in+Fluidized-Bed+Bioreactors&rft.au=Stringfellow%2C+W+T%3BOh%2C+K-C&rft.aulast=Stringfellow&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-09-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F%28ASCE%290733-9372%282002%29128%3A9%28852%29 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MTBE; Bioreactors; Pollution (Groundwater); Water Pollution Treatment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2002)128:9(852) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis and initial evaluation for in vivo chelation of Pu(IV) of a mixed octadentate spermine-based ligand containing 4-carbamoyl-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-2(1H)-pyridinone and 6-carbamoyl-1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinone. AN - 72021999; 12190318 AB - An improved synthesis for a series of 1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinone-based octadentate ligands is reported. The mixed chelate, octadentate ligand, 3,4,3-LI(1,2-Me-3,2-HOPO), was designed, synthesized, and tested for in vivo chelation of Pu in a mouse model. This ligand incorporates both 1,2-HOPO and Me-3,2-HOPO metal chelating units; the latter has higher affinity toward actinide ions than does 1,2-HOPO at physiological pH. Injected or administered orally to fasted or normally fed mice at the standard clinical dose 30 micromol/kg, both 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) and 3,4,3-LI(1,2-Me-3,2-HOPO) remove significantly more Pu than injected CaNa(3)DTPA. Injected doses of 0.1 micromol/kg of these HOPO ligands are as effective as 30 micromol/kg of injected CaNa(3)DTPA. Ten daily injections of 30 micromol/kg of a HOPO ligand did not induce detectable acute toxicity in mice. The mixed HOPO ligand is somewhat more effective than 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) when given orally, and the enhanced reduction of liver Pu by the mixed ligand is statistically significant. Thus, both octadentate HOPO ligands meet the criterion of low toxicity at doses that are more effective than the standard dose of CaNa(3)DTPA. Their improved effectiveness at low dose along with great oral activity (despite low gastrointestinal absorption) implies that new treatment regimens can be developed using the HOPO ligands alone or as adjuncts to CaNa(3)DTPA therapy, which will greatly exceed the amount of Pu excretion that is achievable with CaNa(3)DTPA alone. JF - Journal of medicinal chemistry AU - Xu, Jide AU - Durbin, Patricia W AU - Kullgren, Birgitta AU - Ebbe, Shirley N AU - Uhlir, Linda C AU - Raymond, Kenneth N AD - Department of Chemistry and Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2002/08/29/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 29 SP - 3963 EP - 3971 VL - 45 IS - 18 SN - 0022-2623, 0022-2623 KW - 1,14-bis(1-hydroxy-2-pyridon-6-oyl)-5,10-bis(3-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-pyridon-4-oyl)-1,5,10,14-tetraazatetradecane KW - 0 KW - 4-carbamoyl-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-2(1H)-pyridinone KW - Chelating Agents KW - Ligands KW - Pyridones KW - Spermine KW - 2FZ7Y3VOQX KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - Pentetic Acid KW - 7A314HQM0I KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Toxicity Tests, Acute KW - Pentetic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Pentetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Chelating Agents -- pharmacology KW - Chelating Agents -- administration & dosage KW - Spermine -- chemistry KW - Spermine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Pyridones -- chemistry KW - Chelating Agents -- chemical synthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72021999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medicinal+chemistry&rft.atitle=Synthesis+and+initial+evaluation+for+in+vivo+chelation+of+Pu%28IV%29+of+a+mixed+octadentate+spermine-based+ligand+containing+4-carbamoyl-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-2%281H%29-pyridinone+and+6-carbamoyl-1-hydroxy-2%281H%29-pyridinone.&rft.au=Xu%2C+Jide%3BDurbin%2C+Patricia+W%3BKullgren%2C+Birgitta%3BEbbe%2C+Shirley+N%3BUhlir%2C+Linda+C%3BRaymond%2C+Kenneth+N&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Jide&rft.date=2002-08-29&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=3963&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+medicinal+chemistry&rft.issn=00222623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure chamber measurements of mass transfer and partitioning at the plant/air interface. AN - 72065436; 12214652 AB - Dynamic measures of air and vegetation concentrations in an exposure chamber and a two-box mass balance model are used to quantify factors that control the rate and extent of chemical partitioning between vegetation and the atmosphere. A continuous stirred flow-through exposure chamber was used to investigate the gas-phase transfer of pollutants between air and plants. A probabilistic two-compartment mass balance model of plant/air exchange within the exposure chamber was developed and used with measured concentrations from the chamber to simultaneously evaluate partitioning (Kpa), overall mass transfer across the plant/air interface (Upa), and loss rates in the atmosphere (Ra) and aboveground vegetation (Rp). The approach is demonstrated using mature Capsicum annuum (bell pepper) plants exposed to phenanthrene (PH), anthracene (AN), fluoranthene (FL) and pyrene (PY). Measured values of log Kpa (V[air]/V[fresh plant]) were 5.7, 5.7, 6.0, and 6.2 for PH, AN, FL, and PY, respectively. Values of Upa (m d(-1)) under the conditions of this study ranged from 42 for PH to 119 for FL. After correcting for wall effects, the estimated reaction half-lives in air were 3, 9, and 25 h for AN, FL and PY. Reaction half-lives in the plant compartment were 17, 6, 17, and 5 d for PH, AN, FL, and PY, respectively. The combined use of exposure chamber measurements and models provides a robust tool for simultaneously measuring several different transfer factors that are important for modeling the uptake of pollutants into vegetation. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Maddalena, Randy L AU - McKone, Thomas E AU - Kado, Norman Y AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California 94720, USA. maddalena@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/08/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 15 SP - 3577 EP - 3585 VL - 36 IS - 16 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Aromatic KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrocarbons, Aromatic -- chemistry KW - Capsicum KW - Forecasting KW - Atmosphere KW - Plants KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72065436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Exposure+chamber+measurements+of+mass+transfer+and+partitioning+at+the+plant%2Fair+interface.&rft.au=Maddalena%2C+Randy+L%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E%3BKado%2C+Norman+Y&rft.aulast=Maddalena&rft.aufirst=Randy&rft.date=2002-08-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2003-01-29 N1 - Date created - 2002-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reversible manipulation of telomerase expression and telomere length. Implications for the ionizing radiation response and replicative senescence of human cells. AN - 71979181; 12034742 AB - Most human cells do not express telomerase and irreversibly arrest proliferation after a finite number of divisions (replicative senescence). Several lines of evidence suggest that replicative senescence is caused by short dysfunctional telomeres, which arise when DNA is replicated in the absence of adequate telomerase activity. We describe a method to reversibly bypass replicative senescence and generate mass cultures that have different average telomere lengths. A retrovirus carrying hTERT flanked by excision sites for Cre recombinase rendered normal human fibroblasts telomerase-positive and replicatively immortal. Superinfection with retroviruses carrying wild-type or mutant forms of TIN2, a negative regulator of telomere length, created telomerase-positive, immortal populations with varying average telomere lengths. Subsequent infection with a Cre-expressing retrovirus abolished telomerase activity, creating mortal cells with varying telomere lengths. Using these cell populations, we show that, after hTERT excision, cells senesce with shorter telomeres than parental cells. Moreover, long telomeres, but not telomerase, protected cells from the loss of division potential caused by ionizing radiation. Finally, although telomerase-negative cells with short telomeres senesced after fewer doublings than those with long telomeres, telomere length per se did not correlate with senescence. Our results support a role for telomere structure, rather than length, in replicative senescence. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Rubio, Miguel A AU - Kim, Sahn-Ho AU - Campisi, Judith AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2002/08/09/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Aug 09 SP - 28609 EP - 28617 VL - 277 IS - 32 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Viral Proteins KW - 0 KW - Cre recombinase KW - EC 2.7.7.- KW - Integrases KW - Telomerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Index Medicus KW - Viral Proteins -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Integrases -- genetics KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Fibroblasts -- metabolism KW - Cell Survival KW - Blotting, Western KW - Transfection KW - Cell Aging KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Retroviridae -- genetics KW - Time Factors KW - Cell Line KW - Cell Division KW - Radiation, Ionizing KW - Telomere -- physiology KW - Telomere -- ultrastructure KW - Telomerase -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71979181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Reversible+manipulation+of+telomerase+expression+and+telomere+length.+Implications+for+the+ionizing+radiation+response+and+replicative+senescence+of+human+cells.&rft.au=Rubio%2C+Miguel+A%3BKim%2C+Sahn-Ho%3BCampisi%2C+Judith&rft.aulast=Rubio&rft.aufirst=Miguel&rft.date=2002-08-09&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=32&rft.spage=28609&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-09-09 N1 - Date created - 2002-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Region-selective effects of neuroinflammation and antioxidant treatment on peripheral benzodiazepine receptors and NMDA receptors in the rat brain. AN - 72142327; 12358798 AB - Following induction of acute neuroinflammation by intracisternal injection of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) in rats, quantitative autoradiography was used to assess the regional level of microglial activation and glutamate (NMDA) receptor binding. The possible protective action of the antioxidant phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone in this model was tested by administering the drug in the drinking water for 6 days starting 24 hafter endotoxin injection. Animals were killed 7 days post-injection and consecutive cryostat brain sections labeled with [3H]PK11195 as a marker of activated microglia and [125I]iodoMK801 as a marker of the open-channel, activated state of NMDA receptors. Lipopolysaccharide increased [3H]PK11195 binding in the brain, with the largest increases (two- to threefold) in temporal and entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and substantia innominata. A significant (> 50%) decrease in [125I]iodoMK801 binding was found in the same brain regions. Phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone treatment resulted in a partial inhibition (approx. 25% decrease) of the lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in [3H]PK11195 binding but completely reversed the lipopolysaccharide-induced decrease in [125I]iodoMK80 binding in the entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and substantia innominata. Loss of NMDA receptor function in cortical and hippocampal regions may contribute to the cognitive deficits observed in diseases with a neuroinflammatory component, such as meningitis or Alzheimer's disease. JF - Journal of neurochemistry AU - Biegon, A AU - Alvarado, M AU - Budinger, T F AU - Grossman, R AU - Hensley, K AU - West, M S AU - Kotake, Y AU - Ono, M AU - Floyd, R A AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA. abiegon@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 924 EP - 934 VL - 82 IS - 4 SN - 0022-3042, 0022-3042 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Cyclic N-Oxides KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists KW - Isoquinolines KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - Nitrogen Oxides KW - Receptors, GABA-A KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone KW - 3I91332OPG KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - PK 11195 KW - YNF83VN1RL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Isoquinolines -- pharmacokinetics KW - Binding, Competitive -- drug effects KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacokinetics KW - Autoradiography KW - Drug Administration Routes KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Rats KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Tissue Distribution -- drug effects KW - Microglia -- pathology KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists -- pharmacokinetics KW - Male KW - Encephalitis -- pathology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Encephalitis -- drug therapy KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- metabolism KW - Nitrogen Oxides -- administration & dosage KW - Nitrogen Oxides -- therapeutic use KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Antioxidants -- therapeutic use KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Receptors, GABA-A -- metabolism KW - Encephalitis -- chemically induced KW - Encephalitis -- metabolism KW - Antioxidants -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72142327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.atitle=Region-selective+effects+of+neuroinflammation+and+antioxidant+treatment+on+peripheral+benzodiazepine+receptors+and+NMDA+receptors+in+the+rat+brain.&rft.au=Biegon%2C+A%3BAlvarado%2C+M%3BBudinger%2C+T+F%3BGrossman%2C+R%3BHensley%2C+K%3BWest%2C+M+S%3BKotake%2C+Y%3BOno%2C+M%3BFloyd%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Biegon&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=924&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+neurochemistry&rft.issn=00223042&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2002-10-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does elemental mercury exist in the workplace? AN - 71923146; 12132725 AB - Elemental mercury can exist at sites undergoing decontamination and decommissioning operations from instruments containing mercury, mercury vacuum pumps, chemical operations, electrical components, and pharmaceutical production. Elemental mercury has been known to be a severe health hazard. Recent studies, utilizing more sensitive methods, are able to detect subclinical effects from mercury exposure at lower concentrations than in past studies. Precautions must be taken if elemental mercury may be present in the workplace. JF - Health physics AU - Potter, William E AD - Health Physics Department at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA. PSPR189729@aol.com Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - S30 EP - S31 VL - 83 IS - 8 Suppl SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Volatilization KW - Workplace KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Mercury -- adverse effects KW - Mercury -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71923146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Does+elemental+mercury+exist+in+the+workplace%3F&rft.au=Potter%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=8+Suppl&rft.spage=S30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-07-31 N1 - Date created - 2002-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscale investigation into the geochemistry of arsenic, selenium, and iron in soil developed in pyritic shale materials AN - 52078359; 2002-058206 AB - In this study, we report on the distribution and mineralogy of micron-sized mineral aggregates formed in the top horizon of an acid sulfate soil. The distribution and oxidation state of arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) were also determined. The soil used in this study was formed from pyritic shale parent materials on the east side of the California Coast Range. Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microprobe (mu -XRF) was used to generate elemental distribution maps of soil thin sections. Using the elemental distribution maps and optical micrographs, distinct mineral aggregates of iron oxide and iron sulfate were identified throughout the top horizon of the soil. These aggregates range in size from 10 to 100 mu m in diameter and can be found only a few micrometers apart. The As and Se concentrations in the iron oxide aggregates were 5-10 times the concentrations in the iron sulfate aggregates and the weathered shale matrix. This suggests that the As and Se become preferentially associated with iron oxides during the weathering process. Using a focused micron-sized beam, Fe, As, and Se X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data were collected from the sub-millimeter soil aggregates. The micro-extended X-ray absorption fine structure (mu -EXAFS) spectrum collected from the iron oxide aggregate revealed that its mineralogy was a combination of ferrihydrite (>50%) and goethite. The mu -EXAFS spectra from the iron sulfate region suggest that these aggregates contain jarosite. Using micro-X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (mu -XANES), oxidation states of the As and Se were determined. Arsenic was present in the iron oxide aggregate as As(V). Selenium was present in the soil as both Se(IV) and Se(VI), with a higher percentage of Se(VI) in the jarosite aggregate than the iron oxide aggregate. These results provide direct evidence of the distribution, oxidation states, and speciation of As and Se in the solid phase of an unaltered native soil. Information on the weathering and geochemistry of the pyritic materials, and the associated arsenic and selenium is useful for predicting the pedogenic processes of acid sulfate soils and the long-term fate of newly exposed pyritic materials (e.g., mine tailings and drained wetlands). JF - Geoderma AU - Strawn, Daniel AU - Doner, Harvey AU - Zavarin, Mavrik AU - McHugo, Scott Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 237 EP - 257 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 108 IS - 3-4 SN - 0016-7061, 0016-7061 KW - United States KW - aggregate KW - selenium KW - Cretaceous KW - Panoche Hills KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - iron KW - acid sulfate soils KW - XANES spectra KW - synchrotron radiation KW - California KW - sedimentary rocks KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - pedogenesis KW - experimental studies KW - iron minerals KW - Fresno County California KW - shale KW - arsenic KW - X-ray spectra KW - weathering KW - Mesozoic KW - case studies KW - Coast Ranges KW - metals KW - parent materials KW - EXAFS data KW - pyrite KW - sulfides KW - Moreno Formation KW - clastic rocks KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52078359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoderma&rft.atitle=Microscale+investigation+into+the+geochemistry+of+arsenic%2C+selenium%2C+and+iron+in+soil+developed+in+pyritic+shale+materials&rft.au=Strawn%2C+Daniel%3BDoner%2C+Harvey%3BZavarin%2C+Mavrik%3BMcHugo%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Strawn&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoderma&rft.issn=00167061&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167061 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEDMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid sulfate soils; aggregate; arsenic; California; case studies; clastic rocks; Coast Ranges; Cretaceous; EXAFS data; experimental studies; Fresno County California; geochemistry; iron; iron minerals; Mesozoic; metals; Moreno Formation; Panoche Hills; parent materials; pedogenesis; pyrite; sedimentary rocks; selenium; shale; soils; spectra; sulfides; synchrotron radiation; United States; Upper Cretaceous; weathering; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple atmospheric noble gas components in hydrocarbon reservoirs; a study of the Northwest Shelf, Delaware Basin, SE New Mexico AN - 52069940; 2002-064969 AB - The Northwest Shelf of the Delaware Basin, SE New Mexico is the site of several large and productive oil and gas fields. The most productive reservoirs are located in the late Pennsylvanian Morrow and early Permian Abo formations. Production from the latter more important play is predominately from fluvial Abo red beds of the Pecos Slope Field. The oxidizing conditions implied by the reddish color of the formation require an external hydrocarbon source. To test the existing migration model for the region and constrain the location of potential hydrocarbon sources, we measured the elemental and isotopic composition of noble gases produced along with the hydrocarbons. We found the hydrocarbons to be highly enriched in radiogenic (super 4) He, (super 40*) Ar and nucleogenic (super 21*) Ne [F( (super 4) He) = 44,000-250,000; (super 40) Ar/ (super 36) Ar = 400-3145; (super 21) Ne/ (super 22) Ne = 0.044-0.071]. The greatest enrichments occur in the Pecos Slope gas fields. The hydrocarbons also contain three independent nonradiogenic noble gas components each with an atmospheric isotopic composition. One component is most likely air-saturated water (ASW). The second component is enriched in the heavy noble gases [F( (super 130) Xe) >8.5] and is derived from the hydrocarbon sources. The third component is enriched in Ne [F( (super 20) Ne) >0.8] that we believe is degassed from sources within the reservoirs. This component is correlated with but decoupled from the dominant source of radiogenic (super 4) He and (super 40*) Ar. Very high concentrations of (super 4) He (up to approximately 1% by volume) in the Pecos slope reservoirs require a source external to the reservoirs, such as the underlying Precambrian basement granites and sedimentary equivalents. Structural buckles cutting through the Pecos field may act as high flux vertical pathways for the radiogenic (super 4) He. If the hydrocarbons in the Pecos slope fields have migrated northward from the deeper Delaware Basin, as suggested by compositional trends, then perhaps the buckles also play an important role in the distribution and filling of the Pecos slope reservoirs. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Kennedy, B M AU - Torgersen, T AU - van Soest, M C Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 2807 EP - 2822 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 16 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - Pennsylvanian KW - isotopes KW - natural gas KW - enrichment KW - source rocks KW - petroleum KW - New Mexico KW - Lower Permian KW - He-4 KW - stable isotopes KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Ar-40/Ar-36 KW - noble gases KW - neon KW - shelf environment KW - helium KW - geochemistry KW - red beds KW - migration KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - Abo Formation KW - Carboniferous KW - Ne-22/Ne-21 KW - Permian KW - argon KW - Delaware Basin KW - organic compounds KW - Chaves County New Mexico KW - marine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - Morrow Formation KW - southeastern New Mexico KW - clastic rocks KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52069940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Multiple+atmospheric+noble+gas+components+in+hydrocarbon+reservoirs%3B+a+study+of+the+Northwest+Shelf%2C+Delaware+Basin%2C+SE+New+Mexico&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+B+M%3BTorgersen%2C+T%3Bvan+Soest%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=2807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2802%2900883-9 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Abo Formation; Ar-40/Ar-36; argon; Carboniferous; Chaves County New Mexico; clastic rocks; Delaware Basin; enrichment; geochemistry; He-4; helium; hydrocarbons; isotope ratios; isotopes; Lower Permian; marine environment; migration; Morrow Formation; natural gas; Ne-22/Ne-21; neon; New Mexico; noble gases; oil and gas fields; organic compounds; Paleozoic; Pennsylvanian; Permian; petroleum; red beds; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; shelf environment; source rocks; southeastern New Mexico; stable isotopes; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(02)00883-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The potential of fracture imaging using high-frequency, single-hole electromagnetic data AN - 52065677; 2002-069337 AB - This paper presents an inversion scheme for high-frequency electromagnetic (EM) data from a single borehole for detection and characterization of fluid-filled fractures. Water in the fracture zone may be characterized by its high electrical permittivity and, if saline, by high electrical conductivity. High electrical conductivity results in increased attenuation of EM fields, whereas high electrical permittivity reduces the phase velocity of propagating EM fields. Taking advantage of these effects, we use high-frequency EM fields to detect and characterize fluid-filled fractures. To demonstrate the feasibility of single-hole EM imaging, we develop a three-step inversion scheme to map a fluid-filled fracture near the borehole and to evaluate its electrical conductivity and permittivity. We assume that a fluid-filled fracture can be simulated by a conductive thin sheet. To test our inversion scheme, we generated synthetic data using the thin-sheet integral equation method. A vertical magnetic dipole was used as a source, and the resultant magnetic fields were inverted using a nonlinear least-squares method. First, the background conductivity and permittivity were obtained using vertical magnetic field data from below and above the transition frequency, at which conduction and displacement current magnitudes are equal. Next, using the phase difference between EM fields at two neighboring frequencies in the wave propagation realm, both the vertical and dipping sheets were successfully mapped using NMO and migration techniques. Electrical properties of the sheet were well resolved by subsequent inversion after having fixed the location of the sheet and host electrical properties. This study shows the potential of imaging the fracture using high-frequency EM data obtained from single-hole surveys. JF - Geophysics AU - Seol, Soon Jee AU - Suh, Jung Hee AU - Song, Yoonho AU - Kim, Hee Joon AU - Lee, Ki Ha Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 1087 EP - 1094 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 67 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - imagery KW - Western Europe KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - Europe KW - frequency KW - dielectric constant KW - France KW - fractures KW - normal moveout KW - conductivity KW - saturation KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - Allier France KW - electromagnetic field KW - Echassieres Borehole KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52065677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=The+potential+of+fracture+imaging+using+high-frequency%2C+single-hole+electromagnetic+data&rft.au=Seol%2C+Soon+Jee%3BSuh%2C+Jung+Hee%3BSong%2C+Yoonho%3BKim%2C+Hee+Joon%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha&rft.aulast=Seol&rft.aufirst=Soon&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1500369 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Allier France; conductivity; dielectric constant; Echassieres Borehole; electromagnetic field; electromagnetic methods; Europe; fractures; France; frequency; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; imagery; inverse problem; normal moveout; saturation; surveys; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1500369 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Canadian Cordilleran mississippi valley-type deposits; a case for Devonian-Mississippi back-arc hydrothermal origin AN - 52053887; 2002-075234 AB - A linear series of Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb deposits occurs within deformed and thrust-faulted Silurian-Devonian carbonates adjacent to the shelf front in the northern Canadian Rocky Mountains, east of a belt of Late Devonian shale-hosted, sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposits. Farther east, minor sulfide minerals accompanies secondary coarse dolomite in petroleum reservoirs of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. The age and tectonic setting of the Cordilleran Mississippi Valley-type deposits are poorly known; two competing models ascribe them alternatively to Devonian-Mississippian or to Cretaceous Laramide orogenic processes. This paper addresses the regional metallogeny of the Mississippi Valley-type deposits of the northern Canadian Rocky Mountains in terms of three issues: timing of mineralization, isotopic characterization, and tectonic setting. Rb-Sr data on sphalerite from the most significant deposit in the northern Rocky Mountains Mississippi Valley-type belt, the Robb Lake Zn-Pb deposit, although showing considerable scatter owing to heterogeneous (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr values in primary fluids, suggest that it is Paleozoic. These data are consistent with the published Pine Point Rb-Sr isochron, which indicates a Late Devonian age (362+ or -9 Ma) for Zn-Pb mineralization, and they favor Devonian-Mississippian rather than Cretaceous orogenic models. Isotopic data were collected to fill gaps in the data set from occurrences of Zn-Pb sulfides throughout the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. New analyses of stable (C, O) and radiogenic (Sr) isotopes in carbonates from the Robb Lake deposit are compared with the extensive existing data set from the subsurface Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. New galena and sphalerite lead-isotope data from drill cored intervals of subsurface Devonian carbonates of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin are compared with published data on outcrops of Mississippi Valley-type deposits. Values of delta (super 18) O for Robb Lake hydrothermal dolomite range from -13.8 to -15.6 per mil Pee Dee belemnite (PDB), and delta (super 13) C ranges from -1.7 to -0.8 per mil (PDB), similar to the lowest values for secondary dolomites in the Presqu'ile barrier and Manetoe facies of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin to the northeast. (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr values in Robb Lake hydrothermal dolomite range from 0.7118 to 0.7178, higher than the values of the host limestone and dolostone (0.7092 to 0.7097), but similar to the range of values (0.7108-0.7173) of the sphalerite-hosted fluid inclusions. All the (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr values are radiogenic relative to average secondary dolomites within the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. The radiogenic strontium along with low delta (super 18) O and delta (super 13) C values, can be ascribed to relatively high temperature fluids, and also to the influence of siliciclastic sources. Although such fluids are commonly linked to deep burial during Cordilleran deformation, they could also have originated as hydrothermal solutions channeled along intrabasinal faults. The characteristic linear, highly radiogenic lead isotope signature of the exposed northern Rocky Mountains Mississippi Valley-type belt is also found in galena from Devonian carbonates in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, along the Presqu'ile barrier and as far east as western Alberta. By contrast, several subsurface samples, including one from directly above the McDonald-Hay River fault, gave uniform, unradiogenic values, identical to the Pine Point cluster. These two strongly contrasting lead populations suggest that two separate fluid sources or pathways existed in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Rb-Sr geochronologic data suggest that the carbonate-hosted Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb deposits were coeval with Late Devonian SEDEX Zn-Pb sulfides, while the other isotopic data sets support continuity among the northern Rocky Mountains Mississippi Valley-type ore, SEDEX ore to the west, and hydrothermal dolomite in Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Devonian-Mississippian tectonics on the western margin of North America were dominated by long-lived regional extension caused by slab rollback, which generated back arc and intra-arc spreading and exhalative activity. Given this tectonic framework, we propose that carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb deposits and hydrothermal dolomite in the Canadian Cordillera and the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin were far-field effects of subduction, and that fluids were driven along both reactivated back-arc structures and permeable stratified units. JF - Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists AU - Nelson, JoAnne AU - Paradis, Suzanne AU - Christensen, John AU - Gabites, Janet Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 1013 EP - 1036 PB - Economic Geology Publishing Company, Lancaster, PA VL - 97 IS - 5 SN - 0361-0128, 0361-0128 KW - lead KW - reservoir rocks KW - Rb/Sr KW - carbon KW - absolute age KW - back-arc basins KW - Upper Devonian KW - North America KW - Pb-206/Pb-204 KW - Paleozoic KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Carboniferous KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - Canadian Cordillera KW - plate tectonics KW - Canada KW - metal ores KW - Pb-208/Pb-206 KW - North American Cordillera KW - strontium KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - Mississippian KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - ore-forming fluids KW - petroleum KW - stable isotopes KW - exhalative processes KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mississippi valley-type deposits KW - metallogeny KW - dates KW - basins KW - Canadian Rocky Mountains KW - Pb-207/Pb-206 KW - Robb Lake Deposit KW - Pb-207/Pb-204 KW - Western Canada Sedimentary Basin KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sedex-type deposits KW - lead ores KW - Yukon-Tanana Terrane KW - isotope ratios KW - zinc ores KW - subduction KW - O-18/O-16 KW - isochrons KW - Devonian KW - metals KW - Western Canada KW - lead-zinc deposits KW - Rocky Mountains KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52053887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Economic+Geology+and+the+Bulletin+of+the+Society+of+Economic+Geologists&rft.atitle=Canadian+Cordilleran+mississippi+valley-type+deposits%3B+a+case+for+Devonian-Mississippi+back-arc+hydrothermal+origin&rft.au=Nelson%2C+JoAnne%3BParadis%2C+Suzanne%3BChristensen%2C+John%3BGabites%2C+Janet&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=JoAnne&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Economic+Geology+and+the+Bulletin+of+the+Society+of+Economic+Geologists&rft.issn=03610128&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.segweb.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 97 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 3 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes three appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ECGLAL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; alkaline earth metals; back-arc basins; basins; C-13/C-12; Canada; Canadian Cordillera; Canadian Rocky Mountains; carbon; Carboniferous; dates; Devonian; exhalative processes; isochrons; isotope ratios; isotopes; lead; lead ores; lead-zinc deposits; metal ores; metallogeny; metals; mineral deposits, genesis; mississippi valley-type deposits; Mississippian; North America; North American Cordillera; O-18/O-16; ore-forming fluids; oxygen; Paleozoic; Pb-206/Pb-204; Pb-207/Pb-204; Pb-207/Pb-206; Pb-208/Pb-206; petroleum; plate tectonics; radioactive isotopes; Rb/Sr; reservoir rocks; Robb Lake Deposit; Rocky Mountains; sedex-type deposits; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; subduction; Upper Devonian; Western Canada; Western Canada Sedimentary Basin; Yukon-Tanana Terrane; zinc ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of formation hydraulic properties accounting for pre-test injection or production operations AN - 52051096; 2002-074784 AB - We propose to use regular monitoring data from a production or injection well for estimating the formation properties around the wellbore without interrupting the operations. Thus, instead of shutting-in the well for a substantial time period, we propose to select a portion of the pumping data over a certain time interval and then derive our conclusions from these data. A distinctive feature of our analysis is that we introduce an auxiliary parameter to account for the possible after-effects of pumping that preceded the test interval and, consequently, the non-uniform initial pressure conditions. We demonstrate that those effects influence not only the analysis of regular operations data, but also the analysis of a traditional pressure drawdown or pressure buildup test with a prior shut-in period. We show that phenomena usually attributed to wellbore storage or skin effects can be at least partially interpreted through the parameter we introduce. Unlike some traditional methods, our analysis utilizes almost the entire test time period for curve-fitting. It turns out that it produces good data matching even if the test period is short and the frequency of measurements is low. Another distinctive feature of the present approach is that the parameter estimation problem is reduced to a combination of quadratic criterion minimization and a search for the minimum of a one-variable function. Because we can obtain the solution to the quadratic problem analytically, we significantly simplify the problem and dramatically reduce the amount of computations required. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Silin, D B AU - Tsang, C F Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 265 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - petroleum engineering KW - monitoring KW - pressure KW - well-logging KW - pumping KW - techniques KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - pump tests KW - oil wells KW - theoretical studies KW - fluid injection KW - drawdown KW - hydrodynamics KW - testing KW - applications KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - water wells KW - Ohio KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52051096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+formation+hydraulic+properties+accounting+for+pre-test+injection+or+production+operations&rft.au=Silin%2C+D+B%3BTsang%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Silin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; case studies; drawdown; fluid injection; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; monitoring; Ohio; oil wells; petroleum engineering; pressure; pump tests; pumping; techniques; testing; theoretical studies; United States; water wells; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of multiphase tracer transport in fractured geothermal reservoirs AN - 52039323; 2003-002323 AB - Tracer transport in two-phase (liquid-gas) conditions is a complex process that involves advection, diffusion, and hydrodynamic dispersion. Volatile tracers may be strongly affected by partitioning between gas and liquid phases, and by exchanges between fractures and rock matrix. This paper presents a space-discretized treatment of tracer diffusion under multiphase conditions that is fully coupled with equilibrium phase partitioning. Our method is self-consistent and is applicable to any combination of gas and liquid phases in single and two-phase conditions, including the extreme case of diffusion across a sharp gas-water interface. It is shown that an uncoupled approach, in which diffusive fluxes in gas and liquid phases are evaluated separately and added, can lead to large errors. The coupled treatment of multiphase tracer diffusion has been implemented in the general-purpose geothermal reservoir simulator TOUGH2. Applications to strongly and weakly depleted zones at The Geysers vapor-dominated reservoir produce breakthrough curves (BTCs) whose features (timing, peak, tail) agree well with field observations. JF - Geothermics AU - Pruess, Karsten Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 475 EP - 499 PB - Pergamon Press, Oxford-New York VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - liquid phase KW - diffusion KW - numerical models KW - finite difference analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - aqueous solutions KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - geothermal energy KW - California KW - geothermal fields KW - volatiles KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - The Geysers KW - transport KW - tracers KW - multiphase flow KW - hydrodynamics KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52039323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+multiphase+tracer+transport+in+fractured+geothermal+reservoirs&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; California; diffusion; finite difference analysis; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; hydrodynamics; liquid phase; multiphase flow; numerical models; reservoir rocks; simulation; statistical analysis; The Geysers; tracers; transport; United States; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of hydrothermal wood degradation products on the uranium adsorption onto metamorphic rocks and sediments AN - 51989949; 2003-030508 JF - Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry AU - Baraniak, L AU - Bernhard, G AU - Nitsche, H Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 185 EP - 190 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers and Akademiai Kiado, Dordrecht - Budapest VL - 253 IS - 2 SN - 0236-5731, 0236-5731 KW - Erzgebirge KW - lignin KW - polysaccharides KW - Europe KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Central Europe KW - metamorphic rocks KW - basalts KW - polymers KW - gneisses KW - fossil wood KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - uranyl ion KW - solutes KW - marl KW - migration of elements KW - adsorption KW - uranium ores KW - organic compounds KW - claystone KW - metal ores KW - uranium KW - clastic rocks KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - sandstone KW - metasomatism KW - Schlema-Alberoda Mine KW - ground water KW - chemical properties KW - carbohydrates KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - Saxony Germany KW - concentration KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollution KW - Konigstein Mine KW - aquifers KW - Thuringia Germany KW - cellulose KW - metals KW - leaching KW - Germany KW - actinides KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51989949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+hydrothermal+wood+degradation+products+on+the+uranium+adsorption+onto+metamorphic+rocks+and+sediments&rft.au=Baraniak%2C+L%3BBernhard%2C+G%3BNitsche%2C+H&rft.aulast=Baraniak&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=253&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Radioanalytical+and+Nuclear+Chemistry&rft.issn=02365731&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - JRNCDM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; actinides; adsorption; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; basalts; carbohydrates; cellulose; Central Europe; chemical properties; clastic rocks; claystone; concentration; Erzgebirge; Europe; experimental studies; fossil wood; Germany; gneisses; ground water; hydrothermal alteration; igneous rocks; in situ; Konigstein Mine; laboratory studies; leaching; lignin; marl; metal ores; metals; metamorphic rocks; metasomatism; migration of elements; mineral deposits, genesis; organic compounds; pollution; polymers; polysaccharides; sandstone; Saxony Germany; Schlema-Alberoda Mine; sedimentary rocks; solutes; Thuringia Germany; uranium; uranium ores; uranyl ion; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Search for an extraterrestrial impact record in Isua sediments AN - 51915945; 2004-000550 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Arrhenius, G AU - Lepland, A AU - Asaro, F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 32 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - cratering KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - precision KW - Precambrian KW - banded iron formations KW - Arctic region KW - West Greenland KW - impacts KW - platinum group KW - iridium KW - Greenland KW - sedimentary rocks KW - iron formations KW - Isua Belt KW - metals KW - Archean KW - trace elements KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51915945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Search+for+an+extraterrestrial+impact+record+in+Isua+sediments&rft.au=Arrhenius%2C+G%3BLepland%2C+A%3BAsaro%2C+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arrhenius&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Archean; Arctic region; banded iron formations; chemically precipitated rocks; concentration; cratering; experimental studies; Greenland; impacts; iridium; iron formations; Isua Belt; metals; platinum group; Precambrian; precision; sedimentary rocks; trace elements; West Greenland ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling natural attenuation of petroleum contaminants in aquifers; conceptional model and simulations AN - 51914371; 2004-000496 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Aagaard, P AU - Zheng, Z AU - Breedveld, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 5 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - PHREEQC KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - one-dimensional models KW - analog simulation KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - attenuation KW - digital simulation KW - theoretical models KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51914371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Modeling+natural+attenuation+of+petroleum+contaminants+in+aquifers%3B+conceptional+model+and+simulations&rft.au=Aagaard%2C+P%3BZheng%2C+Z%3BBreedveld%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Aagaard&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analog simulation; aquifers; attenuation; data processing; digital simulation; experimental studies; ground water; laboratory studies; one-dimensional models; petroleum products; PHREEQC; pollutants; pollution; theoretical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring sources and fluxes of CO (sub 2) with high precision atmospheric stable isotopic measurements AN - 51900883; 2004-006222 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Davis, S AU - Fourel, F AU - Stott, Andrew AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Bilodeau, G AU - Hillaire-Marcel, C AU - Helie, J F AU - Varfalvy, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 171 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - TraceGas KW - isotopes KW - Quebec KW - techniques KW - stable isotopes KW - carbon dioxide KW - California KW - carbon KW - geochemistry KW - high-resolution methods KW - chemical analysis KW - precision KW - monitoring KW - atmosphere KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - gases KW - case studies KW - Canada KW - C-13 KW - carbon cycle KW - Eastern Canada KW - IsoPrime KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51900883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Monitoring+sources+and+fluxes+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+with+high+precision+atmospheric+stable+isotopic+measurements&rft.au=Davis%2C+S%3BFourel%2C+F%3BStott%2C+Andrew%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3BBilodeau%2C+G%3BHillaire-Marcel%2C+C%3BHelie%2C+J+F%3BVarfalvy%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; C-13; California; Canada; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; case studies; chemical analysis; Eastern Canada; gases; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; high-resolution methods; instruments; IsoPrime; isotopes; measurement; monitoring; precision; Quebec; stable isotopes; techniques; TraceGas; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elastic wave propagation along a set of parallel features AN - 51880842; 2004-019454 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Nihei, Kurt T AU - Myer, Larry R Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 16 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - acoustical properties KW - guided waves KW - stiffness KW - elastic waves KW - frequency KW - equations KW - Rayleigh waves KW - fractures KW - physical properties KW - surface waves KW - time factor KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - wave dispersion KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51880842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Elastic+wave+propagation+along+a+set+of+parallel+features&rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BNihei%2C+Kurt+T%3BMyer%2C+Larry+R&rft.aulast=Nakagawa&rft.aufirst=Seiji&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002GL014925 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical properties; elastic waves; equations; fractures; frequency; guided waves; physical properties; propagation; Rayleigh waves; seismic waves; stiffness; surface waves; time factor; wave dispersion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GL014925 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abiotic dehalogenation of aliphatic contaminants in heterogeneous Fe(II)/Fe(III) systems AN - 51877496; 2004-019237 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Haderlein, S B AU - Elsner, M AU - Erbs, M AU - Hofstetter, T AU - Pecher, K AU - Schwarzenbach, R P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 301 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - halogens KW - dehalogenation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - iron hydroxides KW - iron KW - ground water KW - ferrous iron KW - aquifers KW - hydroxides KW - laboratory studies KW - ferric iron KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - oxides KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51877496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Abiotic+dehalogenation+of+aliphatic+contaminants+in+heterogeneous+Fe%28II%29%2FFe%28III%29+systems&rft.au=Haderlein%2C+S+B%3BElsner%2C+M%3BErbs%2C+M%3BHofstetter%2C+T%3BPecher%2C+K%3BSchwarzenbach%2C+R+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Haderlein&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; anaerobic environment; aquifers; chemical reactions; dehalogenation; experimental studies; ferric iron; ferrous iron; geochemistry; ground water; halogens; hydrocarbons; hydroxides; iron; iron hydroxides; laboratory studies; metals; organic compounds; oxides; pollutants; pollution; reduction; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SAXS/WAXS studies of the precipitation and crystallisation of iron and aluminium (oxy)hydroxides AN - 51863040; 2004-031841 JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Shaw, S AU - Warner, J A AU - Benning, L G AU - Brown, G E, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 SP - 704 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 15A SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - boehmite KW - sorption KW - goethite KW - crystal growth KW - bioavailability KW - iron KW - ground water KW - synchrotron radiation KW - ferric iron KW - aluminum oxides KW - hematite KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - oxyhydroxides KW - pollution KW - ferrihydrite KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron hydroxides KW - hydroxides KW - phosphate ion KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - crystallization KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51863040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=SAXS%2FWAXS+studies+of+the+precipitation+and+crystallisation+of+iron+and+aluminium+%28oxy%29hydroxides&rft.au=Shaw%2C+S%3BWarner%2C+J+A%3BBenning%2C+L+G%3BBrown%2C+G+E%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=15A&rft.spage=704&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual V. M. Goldschmidt conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum oxides; bioavailability; boehmite; colloidal materials; crystal growth; crystallization; experimental studies; ferric iron; ferrihydrite; geochemistry; goethite; ground water; hematite; hydroxides; in situ; iron; iron hydroxides; kinetics; metals; oxides; oxyhydroxides; pH; phosphate ion; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; sorption; spectra; synchrotron radiation; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonstationary stochastic analysis of flow in a heterogeneous semiconfined aquifer AN - 18621637; 5525569 AB - In this study, we investigate two-dimensional flow through a heterogeneous, semiconfined aquifer. In the presence of leakage the mean flow varies in space and the fluctuations of the flow become nonstationary spatially. Such a situation calls for a nonstationary stochastic approach since the classical stationary stochastic approaches are no longer appropriate. We make use of a nonstationary spectral method to account for such nonstationarities in finite semiconfined aquifers. Analytical expressions are obtained for head and specific discharge covariances that account for the spatial variability in the mean flow but neglect the contributions of the finite boundaries. Closed-form analytical expressions for the variances of hydraulic head and specific discharge are derived. The statistical structures of the head and specific discharge fields are investigated in terms of the leakage factor and the spatial structure of hydraulic conductivity field. Results based on the nonstationary approach show that the stationary assumption is inappropriate even for a small leakage. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Lu, Guoping AU - Zhang, Dongxiao AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2002/08// PY - 2002 DA - August 2002 VL - 38 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydraulic head KW - nonstationary process KW - specific discharge KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Leakage KW - Statistics KW - Groundwater flow KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Stochastic methods in hydrology KW - Stochastic Process KW - Stochastic processes KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Distribution (Mathematical) KW - Aquifer flow KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Heterogeneity KW - Aquifer investigations KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 556.33:Aquifers (556.33) KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18621637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Nonstationary+stochastic+analysis+of+flow+in+a+heterogeneous+semiconfined+aquifer&rft.au=Lu%2C+Guoping%3BZhang%2C+Dongxiao&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Guoping&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000546 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifer flow; Stochastic methods in hydrology; Aquifer investigations; Stochastic processes; Statistics; Leakage; Distribution (Mathematical); Groundwater flow; Heterogeneity; Stochastic Process; Mathematical Studies; Spatial Distribution; Groundwater Movement DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000546 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Numerical studies of gas production from methane hydrates AN - 39502743; 3697914 AU - Moridis, G J Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39502743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Numerical+studies+of+gas+production+from+methane+hydrates&rft.au=Moridis%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Moridis&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Society of Petroleum Engineers, 9555 West Sam Houston Parkway, Suite 360, Houston, TX 77099-2134, USA; phone: 713-779-9595; fax: 713-779-4216; email: spehou@spe.org. Paper No. 75691 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - X-ray computed tomography observation of an advancing methane hydrate dissociation front in a synthetic hydrate/sand mixture AN - 39494533; 3697913 AU - Tomutsa, L AU - Freifeld, B M AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Stern, LA Y1 - 2002/07/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 31 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39494533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=X-ray+computed+tomography+observation+of+an+advancing+methane+hydrate+dissociation+front+in+a+synthetic+hydrate%2Fsand+mixture&rft.au=Tomutsa%2C+L%3BFreifeld%2C+B+M%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BStern%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Tomutsa&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-07-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Society of Petroleum Engineers, 9555 West Sam Houston Parkway, Suite 360, Houston, TX 77099-2134, USA; phone: 713-779-9595; fax: 713-779-4216; email: spehou@spe.org. Paper No. 75533 N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequence and Structural Conservation in RNA Ribose Zippers AN - 18423659; 5407604 AB - The 'ribose zipper', an important element of RNA tertiary structure, is characterized by consecutive hydrogen-bonding interactions between ribose 2'-hydroxyls from different regions of an RNA chain or between RNA chains. These tertiary contacts have previously been observed to also involve base-backbone and base-base interactions (A-minor type). We searched for ribose zipper tertiary interactions in the crystal structures of the large ribosomal subunit RNAs of Haloarcula marismortui and Deinococcus radiodurans, and the small ribosomal subunit RNA of Thermus thermophilus and identified a total of 97 ribose zippers. Of these, 20 were found in T. thermophilus 16 S rRNA, 44 in H. marismortui 23 S rRNA (plus 2 bridging 5 S and 23 S rRNAs) and 30 in D. radiodurans 23 S rRNA (plus 1 bridging 5 S and 23 S rRNAs). These were analyzed in terms of sequence conservation, structural conservation and stability, location in secondary structure, and phylogenetic conservation. Eleven types of ribose zippers were defined based on ribose-base interactions. Of these 11, seven were observed in the ribosomal RNAs. The most common of these is the canonical ribose zipper, originally observed in the P4-P6 group I intron fragment. All ribose zippers were formed by antiparallel chain interactions and only a single example extended beyond two residues, forming an overlapping ribose zipper of three consecutive residues near the small subunit A-site. Almost all ribose zippers link stem (Watson-Crick duplex) or stem-like (base-paired), with loop (external, internal, or junction) chain segments. About two-thirds of the observed ribose zippers interact with ribosomal proteins. Most of these ribosomal proteins bridge the ribose zipper chain segments with basic amino acid residues hydrogen bonding to the RNA backbone. Proteins involved in crucial ribosome function and in early stages of ribosomal assembly also stabilize ribose zipper interactions. All ribose zippers show strong sequence conservation both within these three ribosomal RNA structures and in a large database of aligned prokaryotic sequences. The physical basis of the sequence conservation is stacked base triples formed between consecutive base-pairs on the stem or stem-like segment with bases (often adenines) from the loop-side segment. These triples have previously been characterized as Type I and Type II A-minor motifs and are stabilized by base-base and base-ribose hydrogen bonds. The sequence and structure conservation of ribose zippers can be directly used in tertiary structure prediction and may have applications in molecular modeling and design. [copy ] 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Tamura, M AU - Holbrook, S AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Structural Biology Department, Physical Biosciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, 132 Melvin Calvin Lab, Bldg 3, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2002/07/02/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jul 02 SP - 455 EP - 474 PB - Academic Press VL - 320 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - rRNA 23S KW - ribose zippers KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes KW - N 14414:Structure and sequence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18423659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Sequence+and+Structural+Conservation+in+RNA+Ribose+Zippers&rft.au=Tamura%2C+M%3BHolbrook%2C+S&rft.aulast=Tamura&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-07-02&rft.volume=320&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0022-2836%2802%2900515-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2836(02)00515-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial distribution and yield of DNA double-strand breaks induced by 3-7 MeV helium ions in human fibroblasts. AN - 71834104; 12071801 AB - Accelerated helium ions with mean energies at the target location of 3-7 MeV were used to simulate alpha-particle radiation from radon daughters. The experimental setup and calibration procedure allowed determination of the helium-ion energy distribution and dose in the nuclei of irradiated cells. Using this system, the induction of DNA double-strand breaks and their spatial distributions along DNA were studied in irradiated human fibroblasts. It was found that the apparent number of double-strand breaks as measured by a standard pulsed-field gel assay (FAR assay) decreased with increasing LET in the range 67-120 keV/microm (corresponding to the energy of 7-3 MeV). On the other hand, the generation of small and intermediate-size DNA fragments (0.1-100 kbp) increased with LET, indicating an increased intratrack long-range clustering of breaks. The fragment size distribution was measured in several size classes down to the smallest class of 0.1-2 kbp. When the clustering was taken into account, the actual number of DNA double-strand breaks (separated by at least 0.1 kbp) could be calculated and was found to be in the range 0.010-0.012 breaks/Mbp Gy(-1). This is two- to threefold higher than the apparent yield obtained by the FAR assay. The measured yield of double-strand breaks as a function of LET is compared with theoretical Monte Carlo calculations that simulate the track structure of energy depositions from helium ions as they interact with the 30-nm chromatin fiber. When the calculation is performed to include fragments larger than 0.1 kbp (to correspond to the experimental measurements), there is good agreement between experiment and theory. JF - Radiation research AU - Rydberg, Björn AU - Heilbronn, Lawrence AU - Holley, William R AU - Löbrich, Markus AU - Zeitlin, Cary AU - Chatterjee, Aloke AU - Cooper, Priscilla K AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Department of Radiation Biology and DNA Repair, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 32 EP - 42 VL - 158 IS - 1 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Helium KW - 206GF3GB41 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - NASA Discipline Radiation Health KW - NASA Program Biomedical Research and Countermeasures KW - Non-NASA Center KW - DNA Damage KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Cyclotrons KW - Nucleic Acid Conformation KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Helium -- toxicity KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71834104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Spatial+distribution+and+yield+of+DNA+double-strand+breaks+induced+by+3-7+MeV+helium+ions+in+human+fibroblasts.&rft.au=Rydberg%2C+Bj%C3%B6rn%3BHeilbronn%2C+Lawrence%3BHolley%2C+William+R%3BL%C3%B6brich%2C+Markus%3BZeitlin%2C+Cary%3BChatterjee%2C+Aloke%3BCooper%2C+Priscilla+K&rft.aulast=Rydberg&rft.aufirst=Bj%C3%B6rn&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-06-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal equations of state for B1 and B2 KCl AN - 52074350; 2002-064799 AB - Compressibility of solids generally drops as compression proceeds. Bonds shorten and stiffen with density increase in the same structure. However for the B1-B2 phase transition in many measured alkali halides, bond lengths increase in going to the denser phase. And IR mode frequencies decrease (Hofmeister 1997), leading to the counter-intuitive expectation that compressibility should increase in going to the denser B2 phase. Past volume measurements have been equivocal at best in recognizing any such compressibility increase. New thermal equations of state for B1 and B2 KCl from in-situ X-ray diffraction measurements of phase volumes on Station 16.4 of the CLRC Daresbury Laboratory are no less equivocal about the issue of whether compressibility increases or decreases across the transition. In contrast, the new volume measurements show an easily resolved thermal expansion increase in going from B1 to B2 KCl. The product alpha .K, which is better known than either alpha or K, increases from 0.0195+ or -0.0005 kbar/ degrees C in B1 to 0.0275+ or -0.0009 kbar/ degrees C in B2 KCl. Yagi (1978) demonstrated a similar increase for KF, also supported mainly by increase in alpha . This increase can also be seen in RbCl (Walker et al. 2001). Bond weakening indicated by the thermal expansion increase is consistent with the elusive compressibility increase that is expected across the B1-B2 transition but which is not resolved from volume measurements. The thermal effects are more visible than the compressional effects on alpha .K across the transition. Bond tightening upon decompression reduces alpha , increases solid viscosity, and hence decreases the Rayleigh number. An upwelling of material undergoing a decompression phase change with decrease of coordination number may have its convective friskiness damped at such a transition. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Walker, David AU - Cranswick, Lachlan M D AU - Verma, Pramod K AU - Clark, Simon M AU - Buhre, Stephan Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 805 EP - 812 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 87 IS - 7 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - halides KW - sylvite KW - sodium chloride KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - potassium chloride KW - infrared spectra KW - alkalic composition KW - phase equilibria KW - chlorides KW - spectra KW - equations of state KW - thermodynamic properties KW - compressibility KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52074350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Thermal+equations+of+state+for+B1+and+B2+KCl&rft.au=Walker%2C+David%3BCranswick%2C+Lachlan+M+D%3BVerma%2C+Pramod+K%3BClark%2C+Simon+M%3BBuhre%2C+Stephan&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=805&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalic composition; chlorides; compressibility; equations of state; halides; infrared spectra; phase equilibria; potassium chloride; sodium chloride; spectra; sylvite; thermodynamic properties; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Krylov finite element approach for multi-species contaminant transport in discretely fractured porous media AN - 52016341; 2003-018056 AB - Simulation of non-ideal transport of multi-species solutes in fractured porous media can easily introduce hundreds of thousand to millions of unknowns. In this paper, a Krylov finite element method, the Arnoldi reduction method (ARM), for solving these type problems has been introduced. The Arnoldi reduction technique uses orthogonal matrix transformations to reduce each of the aforementioned coupled systems to much smaller size. In order to speed convergence of the Arnoldi process, an eigenvalue shift in each finite element system is introduced. This approach greatly improves the diagonal dominant properties of the matrices to be solved. This property leads to great enhancement of the iterative solution and the convergence rate for Arnoldi reduction process. In addition, the use of the eigenvalue shift technique greatly relaxes the grid Peclet restrictions. Courant number criteria restrictions are also effectively removed. We utilize an ORTHOMIN procedure to carry out the equation system reductions for discrete fractured media. The proposed numerical method has been verified by comparison against analytical solutions. The developed model is highly efficient in computing time and storage space. Simulations of radioactive decay chain and trichloroethylene transport are made and compared to the Laplace transform Galerkin (LTG) method where appropriate. Examples with about one million unknowns are solved on personal computers and shown that the ARM is even more efficient than the LTG method, by allowing for similar speed increases with multi-components. Therefore, the Arnoldi approach will allow for a variety of complex, high-resolution problems to be solved on small computer platforms. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Woodbury, Allan D Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 705 EP - 721 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 25 IS - 7 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - solute transport KW - plumes KW - dispersivity KW - isotopes KW - techniques KW - radioactive decay KW - eigenvalues KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - finite element analysis KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Krylov finite element method KW - biodegradation KW - diffusion KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - Laplace transformations KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - models KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - transformations KW - Arnoldi reduction method KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52016341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=A+Krylov+finite+element+approach+for+multi-species+contaminant+transport+in+discretely+fractured+porous+media&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Keni%3BWoodbury%2C+Allan+D&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Keni&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Arnoldi reduction method; biodegradation; diffusion; dispersivity; eigenvalues; finite element analysis; fractures; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; isotopes; Krylov finite element method; Laplace transformations; models; plumes; pollutants; pollution; porosity; radioactive decay; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; solute transport; solutes; statistical analysis; techniques; transformations; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyses of Ar-He-N (sub 2) ratios in magmatic and geothermal fluid inclusions AN - 51341787; 2007-119223 JF - PACROFI - Pan-American Conference on Research on Fluid Inclusions Program and Abstracts AU - Norman, D I AU - Blamey, N J F AU - Kennedy, B M A2 - Kontak, Daniel J. A2 - Anderson, Alan J. Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 75 PB - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA VL - 8 KW - nitrogen KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - gases KW - argon KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal systems KW - volcanism KW - noble gases KW - inclusions KW - helium KW - fluid inclusions KW - Cerro Prieto KW - chemical ratios KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51341787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PACROFI+-+Pan-American+Conference+on+Research+on+Fluid+Inclusions+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Analyses+of+Ar-He-N+%28sub+2%29+ratios+in+magmatic+and+geothermal+fluid+inclusions&rft.au=Norman%2C+D+I%3BBlamey%2C+N+J+F%3BKennedy%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Norman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PACROFI+-+Pan-American+Conference+on+Research+on+Fluid+Inclusions+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eighth biennial Pan-American conference on Research on fluid inclusions N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03031 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - argon; Cerro Prieto; chemical ratios; fluid inclusions; gases; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; helium; hydrothermal conditions; inclusions; nitrogen; noble gases; volcanism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chaotic dynamics in flow through unsaturated fractured media AN - 18630166; 5537653 AB - Predictions of flow and transport within fractured rock in the vadose zone cannot be made without first characterizing the physics of unstable flow phenomena in unsaturated fractures. This paper introduces a new approach for studying complex flow processes in heterogeneous fractured media, using the methods of nonlinear dynamics and chaos - in particular reconstructing the system dynamics and calculating chaotic diagnostic parameters from time-series data. To demonstrate the application of chaotic analysis, this author analyzed the time-series pressure fluctuations from two water-air flow experiments conducted by Persoff and Pruess in replicas of rough-walled rock fractures under controlled boundary conditions. This analysis showed that chaotic flow in fractures creates relaxational oscillations of liquid, gas, and capillary pressures. These pressure oscillations were used to calculate the diagnostic parameters of deterministic chaos, including correlation time, global embedding dimension, local embedding dimension, Lyapunov dimension, Lyapunov exponents, and correlation dimension. The results of the Persoff-Pruess experiments were then compared with the chaotic analysis of laboratory dripping-water experiments in fracture models and field-infiltration experiments in fractured basalt. This comparison allowed us to conjecture that intrinsic fracture flow and dripping, as well as extrinsic water dripping (from a fracture) subjected to a capillary-barrier effect, are deterministic-chaotic processes with a certain random component. The unsaturated fractured rock is a dynamic system that exhibits chaotic behavior because the flow processes are nonlinear, dissipative, and sensitive to initial conditions, with chaotic fluctuations generated by intrinsic properties of the system, not random external factors. Identifying a system as deterministically chaotic is important for developing appropriate short- and long-term prediction models, evaluating prediction uncertainty, assessing the spatial distribution of flow characteristics from time-series data, and improving chemical-transport simulations. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Faybishenko, B AD - Earth Sciences Division, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 90-1116, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA, bfay@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - July 2002 SP - 793 EP - 816 VL - 25 IS - 7 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - chaos theory KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Aeration Zone KW - Airflow investigations KW - Chaos in hydrology KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Groundwater flow KW - Hydrogeology KW - Time-series analysis KW - Mathematical Analysis KW - Time series analysis KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Comparative studies KW - Time Series Analysis KW - Groundwater flow models KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Comparison Studies KW - Aeration (see also Oxygenation, Re-oxygenation) KW - Groundwater Movement KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 556.3.01:Theory of groundwater, principles of investigation and research (556.3.01) KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18630166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Chaotic+dynamics+in+flow+through+unsaturated+fractured+media&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+B&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=793&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Airflow investigations; Chaos in hydrology; Groundwater flow models; Hydrogeology; Time series analysis; Flow; Comparative studies; Hydrodynamics; Aeration (see also Oxygenation, Re-oxygenation); Groundwater flow; Time-series analysis; Mathematical analysis; Geologic Fractures; Time Series Analysis; Aeration Zone; Comparison Studies; Unsaturated Flow; Mathematical Analysis; Groundwater Movement ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IEQ and the Impact on Employee Sick Leave AN - 18473661; 5438142 AB - When selecting minimum ventilation rates, employers should balance the well-recognized energy costs of providing higher minimum ventilation rates with the expected, but less well quantified, health benefits from a higher ventilation rate. This is a summary of the paper by Milton, et al. that found low employee sick leave associated with high ventilation rates in a set of buildings located in Massachusetts. A simple cost-benefit analysis also is presented. JF - ASHRAE Journal AU - Kumar, S AU - Fisk, W J AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2002/07// PY - 2002 DA - Jul 2002 SP - 97 EP - 98 VL - 44 IS - 7 SN - 0001-2491, 0001-2491 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18473661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.atitle=IEQ+and+the+Impact+on+Employee+Sick+Leave&rft.au=Kumar%2C+S%3BFisk%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.issn=00012491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Avoiding "the Big Mistake" in Forecasting Technology Adoption AN - 60452218; 200304978 AB - Examines the fallacy by forecasters to be overly reliant on statistically derived historical parameters & outdated modeling assumptions. The concept is termed "The Big Mistake" & is related to the assumption drag (Ascher, 1978). The importance of fluctuations in human behavior is contrasted with physical laws. Forecasting fields, like economics & public policy, & their computer-generated forecasts that often fall victim to The "Big Mistake" are identified. 1 Figure, 15 References. L. Collins JF - Technological Forecasting and Social Change AU - Koomey, Jonathan G AD - Energy Analysis Dept, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, U California, Berkeley jgkoomey@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 511 EP - 518 VL - 69 IS - 5 SN - 0040-1625, 0040-1625 KW - Statistical Inference KW - Computer Assisted Research KW - Behavior KW - Social Change KW - Forecasting KW - Technological Change KW - Models KW - article KW - 1772: sociology of science; sociology of technology KW - 2454: policy, planning, forecasting; planning & forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60452218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technological+Forecasting+and+Social+Change&rft.atitle=Avoiding+%22the+Big+Mistake%22+in+Forecasting+Technology+Adoption&rft.au=Koomey%2C+Jonathan+G&rft.aulast=Koomey&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Technological+Forecasting+and+Social+Change&rft.issn=00401625&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - TFSCB3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Social Change; Technological Change; Behavior; Forecasting; Statistical Inference; Computer Assisted Research; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow and transport in hierarchically fractured rock AN - 52100203; 2002-046361 AB - We construct multiple realizations of hierarchical fracture networks with fractal dimensions between one and two, then simulate single-well pumping tests and natural-gradient tracer tests on them. We calculate averages and standard deviations of test results over the multiple realizations, and show individual results for selected cases to highlight key features of flow and transport through hierarchically fractured rock. These studies are intended to illustrate the range of possible behavior that can be obtained during fracture-dominated hydraulic and tracer tests, and provide insights into how to interpret field responses. The fractal dimension of the fracture network itself is generally larger than the fractal dimension of the flow field arising during a well test. The performance measures of the natural-gradient tracer tests, including the total flow through the fracture network, tracer travel time, front width, and maximum breakthrough concentration, can all be correlated to fractal dimension. Although some of the features observed in the flow and transport behavior within the hierarchically fractured rock have been observed by other authors using non-fractal fracture network concepts (e.g. channelized flow with early breakthrough times, crossing breakthrough curves), others arise directly from the fractal nature of the fracture network, in which variability occurs on all scales (e.g. front width and maximum breakthrough concentration that are constant over a wide range of fractal dimensions). Generally, transport simulations show large variability within a given realization and among realizations with the same fractal dimension, even in networks whose dimension is close to two. This finding is consistent with the large variability in experimental results observed at fractured rock field sites. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Karasaki, Kenzi Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 263 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - data processing KW - porous materials KW - two-dimensional models KW - TRIPOLY KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - pump tests KW - fractures KW - digital simulation KW - tracers KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - breakthrough curves KW - waste disposal KW - fractals KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52100203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Flow+and+transport+in+hierarchically+fractured+rock&rft.au=Doughty%2C+Christine%3BKarasaki%2C+Kenzi&rft.aulast=Doughty&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=263&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breakthrough curves; data processing; digital simulation; fractals; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; porous materials; pump tests; radioactive waste; rock mechanics; solute transport; tracers; TRIPOLY; two-dimensional models; underground disposal; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integral equation representation of wide-band electromagnetic scattering by thin sheets AN - 52095702; 2002-047625 AB - An efficient, accurate numerical modeling scheme has been developed, based on the integral equation solution to compute electromagnetic (EM) responses of thin sheets over a wide frequency band. The thin-sheet approach is useful for simulating the EM response of a fracture system in the earth. The focus of this development has been the accuracy of the numerical solution over a wide-band frequency range of up to 100 MHz. The effect of displacement currents is included to correctly evaluate high-frequency EM scattering. Currently, EM responses of two thin sheets with different geometrical and electrical properties embedded in a three-layer earth can be modeled over a frequency band of 10 (super -3) to 10 (super 8) Hz. The layered earth and the sheets can be electrically dispersive, an important feature that allows analysis of frequency-dependent characteristics of the model under investigation. The source field can be generated by a remote or local electric or magnetic dipole located on the surface or in a borehole. A plane-wave source can also be used, and numerical analyses have been made for magnetotellurics and the high-frequency impedance method. JF - Geophysics AU - Song, Yoonho AU - Kim, Hee Joon AU - Lee, Ki Ha Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 746 EP - 754 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 67 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - experimental studies KW - thin-sheet models KW - numerical models KW - electromagnetic scattering KW - geophysical methods KW - equations KW - layered materials KW - depth KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - mathematical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - accuracy KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52095702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=An+integral+equation+representation+of+wide-band+electromagnetic+scattering+by+thin+sheets&rft.au=Song%2C+Yoonho%3BKim%2C+Hee+Joon%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=Yoonho&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=746&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1484517 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; depth; electromagnetic methods; electromagnetic scattering; equations; experimental studies; geophysical methods; layered materials; magnetotelluric methods; mathematical methods; numerical models; thin-sheet models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1484517 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ohaaki reservoir chemistry; characteristics of an arc-type hydrothermal system in the Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand AN - 52084701; 2002-055529 AB - Situated along the eastern margin of the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), the high-gas and high-enthalpy production fluids from the Ohaaki geothermal field are chemically similar to other arc-type volcanic systems found along this part of the TVZ. Two thermal upwellings can be distinguished within the field, each apparently emanating from fault structures in the Mesozoic basement greywackes. Although both plumes have similar salinities and appear to be fully equilibrated with the reservoir rocks containing them, fluids associated with the eastern upflow zone are enriched in B and F compared to those in the western upflow zone. delta (super 2) H and delta (super 18) O signatures for water suggest that up to 20% of the water in the discharges may derive from a magmatic source, and a delta (super 2) H-Cl trend established by the East-Bank fluids indicate end-member mixing between a high-Cl fluid and Cl-deficient steam containing as much as 40% arc-type vapour. Gas signatures in fluids from the two production fields show compositional differences that cannot be explained by physical reservoir processes. The eastern fluids have higher N (sub 2) /Ar and CO (sub 2) /He ratios, and consistently higher CH (sub 4) -CO (sub 2) (super 13) C fractionation temperatures than those in the western upflow zone. In addition, stark differences in (super 3) He/ (super 4) He and (super 40) Ar/ (super 36) Ar ratios for the two production fields suggest two-component mixing for the respective source components, with the eastern fluids having a significantly larger radiogenic gas content than those to the west. Collectively, these signatures suggest the presence of a relatively young and shallowly seated degassing intrusive beneath the eastern upflow zone, perhaps as shallow as 4 km beneath the surface. JF - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research AU - Christenson, B W AU - Mroczek, E K AU - Kennedy, B M AU - van Soest, M C AU - Stewart, M K AU - Lyon, G Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 53 EP - 82 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 115 IS - 1-2 SN - 0377-0273, 0377-0273 KW - isotope fractionation KW - oxygen KW - Australasia KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - Taupo volcanic zone KW - O-18/O-16 KW - stable isotopes KW - North Island KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - Broadlands-Ohaaki Field KW - sampling KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - geochemistry KW - New Zealand KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52084701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.atitle=Ohaaki+reservoir+chemistry%3B+characteristics+of+an+arc-type+hydrothermal+system+in+the+Taupo+volcanic+zone%2C+New+Zealand&rft.au=Christenson%2C+B+W%3BMroczek%2C+E+K%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3Bvan+Soest%2C+M+C%3BStewart%2C+M+K%3BLyon%2C+G&rft.aulast=Christenson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.issn=03770273&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0377-0273%2801%2900309-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03770273 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JVGRDQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Broadlands-Ohaaki Field; D/H; geochemistry; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; hydrogen; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; New Zealand; North Island; O-18/O-16; oxygen; sampling; stable isotopes; Taupo volcanic zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00309-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralogical heterogeneity in fractured, porous media and its representation in reactive transport models AN - 52080285; 2002-062581 AB - Reactive transport models that simulate processes in porous media have, generally, required abstracted representation of porosity, permeability, and mineralogy. This study compares abstracted, homogeneous representations of porosity and permeability, mineral surface areas and distributions, to discrete distribution representation of these same properties. Discretization was accomplished by high-resolution (ca. 1 mu m (super 2) ) characterization of fractured tuffaceous rock from Yucca Mountain, Nevada, using optical microscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. A sample area of 10 (super 6) mu m (super 2) was mapped in detail, and the resulting element and porosity maps were digitized. The domain was decomposed into 12,208 cells that were 8.77X10 (super -6) m on a side. Simulations were conducted in which a dilute fluid enters the discretized porous medium at modest flow rates. Simulation results using a discrete mineral distribution point to the conclusion that slow flow rates, in which fluid residence times are on the order of days, provide fluid composition results that are very similar to those obtained from the homogeneous mineral distribution representation. At higher flow rates, where fluid residence times are on the order of hours, contrasts in fluid composition persist throughout the flow domain. The results demonstrate that the fluid composition characteristics in the homogeneous and discrete mineral representations will be similar only when the bulk average contact times for the individual mineral phases along the flow paths are approximately equivalent (within a few percent) for the two cases. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Glassley, William E AU - Simmons, Ardyth M AU - Kercher, James R A2 - Gascoyne, Mel A2 - Peterman, Zell E. Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 699 EP - 708 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - processes KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - porous materials KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - radioactive waste KW - pyroclastics KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - tuff KW - spectra KW - waste disposal KW - heterogeneity KW - Yucca Mountain KW - phenocrysts KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52080285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Mineralogical+heterogeneity+in+fractured%2C+porous+media+and+its+representation+in+reactive+transport+models&rft.au=Glassley%2C+William+E%3BSimmons%2C+Ardyth+M%3BKercher%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Glassley&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0883-2927%2802%2900031-8 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fractured materials; heterogeneity; igneous rocks; mineral composition; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; permeability; phenocrysts; porosity; porous materials; processes; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; spectra; transport; tuff; United States; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; X-ray fluorescence spectra; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00031-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The NIST surface structure database, SSD version 4 AN - 52058252; 2002-072389 AB - SSD-4, the fourth version of the NIST Surface Structure Database, has appeared in early 2002 as a significant upgrade to both the database and graphics software; it now also includes nearly 1300 structures published through the end of 2000. SSD is an interactive PC-based database of critically selected surface structures determined with a variety of experimental techniques. The data include not only atomic coordinates, bond lengths and bond angles, but also information about experimental preparation, measurement and analysis methods. The software provides advanced search and display facilities, as well as interactive three-dimensional color visualization and analysis tools of great flexibility. In addition, the program can generate publication-quality color or grayscale prints of any structure, with a host of user-selectable options (such as view angle, perspective, colors, ball and bond styles, and labels). JF - Acta Crystallographica, Section B: Structural Science AU - Van Hove, M A AU - Hermann, K AU - Watson, P R Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 338 EP - 342 PB - International Union of Crystallography by Munksgaard, Copenhagen VL - 58, Part 3 SN - 0108-7681, 0108-7681 KW - surface properties KW - Surface Structure Database KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - data bases KW - National Institute of Standards and Technology KW - crystal structure KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52058252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Crystallographica%2C+Section+B%3A+Structural+Science&rft.atitle=The+NIST+surface+structure+database%2C+SSD+version+4&rft.au=Van+Hove%2C+M+A%3BHermann%2C+K%3BWatson%2C+P+R&rft.aulast=Van+Hove&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=58%2C+Part+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=338&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Crystallographica%2C+Section+B%3A+Structural+Science&rft.issn=01087681&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/120118386/grouphome/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASBSDK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal structure; data bases; data processing; government agencies; National Institute of Standards and Technology; surface properties; Surface Structure Database ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling transport in fractured porous media with the random-walk particle method; the transient activity range and the particle transfer probability AN - 52030442; 2003-009763 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 7 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - particle tracks KW - hydraulics KW - isotopes KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - probability KW - breakthrough curves KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - random-walk particle method KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - Nye County Nevada KW - porosity KW - water table KW - particles KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52030442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Modeling+transport+in+fractured+porous+media+with+the+random-walk+particle+method%3B+the+transient+activity+range+and+the+particle+transfer+probability&rft.au=Pan%2C+Lehua%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Lehua&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000901 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breakthrough curves; fractures; ground water; hydraulics; isotopes; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; particle tracks; particles; pollutants; pollution; porosity; porous materials; probability; radioactive isotopes; random-walk particle method; site exploration; solute transport; statistical analysis; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal sites; water table; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000901 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A possible evolutionary origin for the Mn (sub 4) cluster of the photosynthetic water oxidation complex from natural MnO (sub 2) precipitates in the early ocean AN - 51255161; 2008-061865 AB - The photosynthetic water oxidation complex consists of a cluster of four Mn atoms bridged by O atoms, associated with Ca2+ and Cl, and incorporated into protein. The structure is similar in higher plants and algae, as well as in cyanobacteria of more ancient lineage, dating back more than 2.5 billion years ago on Earth. It has been proposed that the proto-enzyme derived from a component of a natural early marine manganese precipitate that contained a CaMn4O9 cluster. A variety of MnO2 minerals are found in nature. Three major classes are spinels, sheet-like layered structures, and three-dimensional networks that contain parallel tunnels. These relatively open structures readily incorporate cations (Na+, Li+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, H+, and even Mn2+) and water. The minerals have different ratios of Mn(III) and Mn(IV) octahedrally coordinated to oxygens. Using X-ray spectroscopy we compare the chemical structures of Mn in the minerals with what is known about the arrangement in the water oxidation complex to define the parameters of a structural model for the photosynthetic catalytic site. This comparison provides for the structural model a set of candidate Mn4 clusters, some previously proposed and considered and others entirely novel. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Sauer, Kenneth AU - Yachandra, Vittal K Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 8631 EP - 8636 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 99 IS - 13 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - respiration KW - calcium KW - photosynthesis KW - magnesium KW - oxygen KW - hollandite KW - halogens KW - paleo-oceanography KW - manganese KW - enzymes KW - life origin KW - barium KW - chloride ion KW - oxides KW - Archean KW - water KW - chlorine KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Precambrian KW - lithium KW - oxidation KW - photochemistry KW - alkali metals KW - biologic evolution KW - sodium KW - organic compounds KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - EXAFS data KW - proteins KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 08:General paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51255161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=A+possible+evolutionary+origin+for+the+Mn+%28sub+4%29+cluster+of+the+photosynthetic+water+oxidation+complex+from+natural+MnO+%28sub+2%29+precipitates+in+the+early+ocean&rft.au=Sauer%2C+Kenneth%3BYachandra%2C+Vittal+K&rft.aulast=Sauer&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=8631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.132266199 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Archean; barium; biologic evolution; calcium; chloride ion; chlorine; enzymes; EXAFS data; halogens; hollandite; hydrogen; hydrogen peroxide; life origin; lithium; magnesium; manganese; metals; organic compounds; oxidation; oxides; oxygen; paleo-oceanography; photochemistry; photosynthesis; Precambrian; precipitation; proteins; respiration; sodium; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.132266199 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling of mine flooding and consequences in the mine hydrogeological environment; flooding of the Koenigstein Mine, Germany AN - 51173389; 2002-054605 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Jakubick, A T AU - Jenk, U AU - Kahnt, R AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 222 EP - 234 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - zinc KW - water quality KW - reclamation KW - Europe KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - Central Europe KW - cadmium KW - Dresden Germany KW - Saxony Germany KW - water use KW - experimental studies KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - regional planning KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Koenigstein Mine KW - decision-making KW - aquifers KW - models KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - uranium KW - leaching KW - Germany KW - actinides KW - pore water KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51173389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Modelling+of+mine+flooding+and+consequences+in+the+mine+hydrogeological+environment%3B+flooding+of+the+Koenigstein+Mine%2C+Germany&rft.au=Jakubick%2C+A+T%3BJenk%2C+U%3BKahnt%2C+R%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Jakubick&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; actinides; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; arsenic; cadmium; Central Europe; decision-making; decontamination; Dresden Germany; drinking water; environmental analysis; Europe; experimental studies; Germany; ground water; Koenigstein Mine; land use; leaching; metals; models; pollutants; pollution; pore water; preferential flow; reclamation; regional planning; remediation; Saxony Germany; simulation; theoretical models; transport; uranium; water quality; water use; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calculating capillary pressures in frozen and ice-free soils below the melting temperature AN - 51173360; 2002-054596 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Grant, Steven A AU - Sletten, Ronald S AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 130 EP - 136 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - soils KW - liquid phase KW - permafrost KW - pressure KW - capillary pressure KW - moisture KW - physicochemical properties KW - unsaturated zone KW - water vapor KW - porous materials KW - freezing KW - temperature KW - enthalpy KW - saturation KW - ice KW - thermodynamic properties KW - frozen ground KW - pore water KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51173360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Calculating+capillary+pressures+in+frozen+and+ice-free+soils+below+the+melting+temperature&rft.au=Grant%2C+Steven+A%3BSletten%2C+Ronald+S%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillary pressure; enthalpy; freezing; frozen ground; ice; liquid phase; meltwater; moisture; permafrost; physicochemical properties; pore water; porous materials; pressure; saturation; soils; temperature; thermodynamic properties; unsaturated zone; water vapor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of relationship between specific storage and depth of sandy and clay formations AN - 51172540; 2002-054595 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 127 EP - 129 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - experimental studies KW - stress KW - sandstone KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - storage coefficient KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - granular materials KW - transmissivity KW - hydrodynamics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - clastic rocks KW - compressibility KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51172540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+relationship+between+specific+storage+and+depth+of+sandy+and+clay+formations&rft.au=Shestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu&rft.aulast=Shestakov&rft.aufirst=Vsevolod&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; clastic rocks; compressibility; experimental studies; granular materials; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; laboratory studies; mathematical models; porosity; porous materials; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; storage coefficient; stress; transmissivity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow and transport modeling of liquid radioactive waste injection using data from the Siberian Chemical Plant Injection Site AN - 51172196; 2002-054604 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M AU - Kuvaev (Kuvayev), A A AU - Lekhov, A V AU - Pozdniakov, S P AU - Rybalchenko, A I AU - Zubkov, A V AU - Davis, P A AU - Kalinina, E A AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 214 EP - 221 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Tom River KW - contaminant plumes KW - waste disposal sites KW - Russian Federation KW - chemical waste KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - drinking water KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - sensitivity analysis KW - discharge KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - water supply KW - Tomsk Russian Federation KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - West Siberia KW - aquitards KW - aquifers KW - models KW - liquid waste KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51172196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Flow+and+transport+modeling+of+liquid+radioactive+waste+injection+using+data+from+the+Siberian+Chemical+Plant+Injection+Site&rft.au=Shestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M%3BKuvaev+%28Kuvayev%29%2C+A+A%3BLekhov%2C+A+V%3BPozdniakov%2C+S+P%3BRybalchenko%2C+A+I%3BZubkov%2C+A+V%3BDavis%2C+P+A%3BKalinina%2C+E+A%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu&rft.aulast=Shestakov&rft.aufirst=Vsevolod&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=214&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aquitards; Asia; chemical waste; Commonwealth of Independent States; contaminant plumes; discharge; drinking water; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; injection; liquid waste; migration of elements; models; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive waste; Russian Federation; sensitivity analysis; simulation; Tom River; Tomsk Russian Federation; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water pollution; water supply; West Siberia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the evaluation of groundwater contamination from underground nuclear tests AN - 51172165; 2002-054606 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Tompson, A F B AU - Bruton, C J AU - Pawloski, G A AU - Smith, D K AU - Bourcier, W L AU - Shumaker, D E AU - Kersting, A B AU - Carle, S F AU - Maxwell, R M AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 235 EP - 247 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - CAMBRIC Test KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - Nevada Test Site KW - radioactive isotopes KW - melting KW - underground cavities KW - transport KW - retention KW - chemical properties KW - nuclear explosions KW - Nevada KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - explosions KW - underground explosions KW - pollutants KW - thermal properties KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - models KW - dissolved materials KW - vitrification KW - theoretical models KW - testing KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51172165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=On+the+evaluation+of+groundwater+contamination+from+underground+nuclear+tests&rft.au=Tompson%2C+A+F+B%3BBruton%2C+C+J%3BPawloski%2C+G+A%3BSmith%2C+D+K%3BBourcier%2C+W+L%3BShumaker%2C+D+E%3BKersting%2C+A+B%3BCarle%2C+S+F%3BMaxwell%2C+R+M%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Tompson&rft.aufirst=A+F&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; CAMBRIC Test; chemical properties; dissolved materials; environmental analysis; explosions; ground water; isotopes; melting; migration of elements; models; monitoring; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; nuclear explosions; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; retention; risk assessment; testing; theoretical models; thermal properties; three-dimensional models; transport; underground cavities; underground explosions; United States; vitrification; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of groundwater table fluctuations on LNAPL thickness in monitoring wells AN - 51172162; 2002-054599 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Aral, Mustafa M AU - Liao, Boshu AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 151 EP - 161 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - capillary pressure KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - mathematical models KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - water table KW - fluctuations KW - transient phenomena KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51172162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+groundwater+table+fluctuations+on+LNAPL+thickness+in+monitoring+wells&rft.au=Aral%2C+Mustafa+M%3BLiao%2C+Boshu%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Aral&rft.aufirst=Mustafa&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; capillary pressure; concentration; fluctuations; ground water; light nonaqueous phase liquids; mathematical models; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; observation wells; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; transient phenomena; unconfined aquifers; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracer mixing at fracture intersections AN - 51172105; 2002-054597 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Li, Guomin AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 137 EP - 144 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - solute transport KW - fractured materials KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - transport KW - dissolved materials KW - tracers KW - mobility KW - Peclet number KW - diffusivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51172105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Tracer+mixing+at+fracture+intersections&rft.au=Li%2C+Guomin%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Guomin&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; diffusivity; dissolved materials; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; ground water; mathematical models; mobility; models; numerical models; Peclet number; pollutants; pollution; simulation; solute transport; tracers; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of groundwater contamination by radioactive brine; the Lake Karachai case AN - 51171473; 2002-054602 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Rumynin, V G AU - Sindalovskiy, L N AU - Konosavsky, P K AU - Boronina, A V AU - Gallo, C AU - Zaadnoordijk, Willem J AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 187 EP - 198 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - density KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - controls KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - mobility KW - Lake Karachai KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - matrix KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - adsorption KW - aquifers KW - models KW - regional KW - brines KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51171473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Study+of+groundwater+contamination+by+radioactive+brine%3B+the+Lake+Karachai+case&rft.au=Rumynin%2C+V+G%3BSindalovskiy%2C+L+N%3BKonosavsky%2C+P+K%3BBoronina%2C+A+V%3BGallo%2C+C%3BZaadnoordijk%2C+Willem+J%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Rumynin&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; brines; Commonwealth of Independent States; contaminant plumes; controls; density; environmental analysis; experimental studies; ground water; hydrodynamics; isotopes; Lake Karachai; matrix; migration of elements; mobility; models; numerical models; permeability; pollution; porous materials; prediction; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; regional; simulation; theoretical models; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of hydrological parameters in heterogeneous fractured rock AN - 51171412; 2002-054601 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Drozhko, E G AU - Ivanov, I A AU - Samsonova, Lilia M AU - Glagolev, A V AU - Glinsky, M L AU - Ter-Saakian, N F AU - Skokov, A V AU - Looney, B AU - Nichols, R AU - Hutter, A AU - Wollenberg, H AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 178 EP - 186 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - fractured materials KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - observation wells KW - techniques KW - Russian Federation KW - ground water KW - pump tests KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - discharge KW - Southern Urals KW - Lake Karachai KW - Urals KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - experimental studies KW - Mishelyak River KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - transmissivity KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51171412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+hydrological+parameters+in+heterogeneous+fractured+rock&rft.au=Drozhko%2C+E+G%3BIvanov%2C+I+A%3BSamsonova%2C+Lilia+M%3BGlagolev%2C+A+V%3BGlinsky%2C+M+L%3BTer-Saakian%2C+N+F%3BSkokov%2C+A+V%3BLooney%2C+B%3BNichols%2C+R%3BHutter%2C+A%3BWollenberg%2C+H%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Drozhko&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bedrock; Commonwealth of Independent States; data acquisition; data processing; discharge; experimental studies; fractured materials; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; in situ; instruments; Lake Karachai; measurement; Mishelyak River; observation wells; permeability; physical properties; pollution; pump tests; Russian Federation; Southern Urals; techniques; transmissivity; Urals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling groundwater-surface water interactions including effects of morphogenetic depressions in the Chernobyl exclusion zone AN - 51169781; 2002-054600 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Bixio, A C AU - Gambolati, G AU - Paniconi, C AU - Putti, M AU - Shestopalov, V M AU - Bublias, V N AU - Bohuslavsky, A S AU - Kasteltseva, N B AU - Rudenko, Y F AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 162 EP - 177 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - one-dimensional models KW - Ukraine KW - unsaturated zone KW - coupling KW - Europe KW - preferential flow KW - freezing KW - digital terrain models KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - transport KW - algorithms KW - mobility KW - monitoring KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - boundary interactions KW - Kiev Ukraine KW - aquifers KW - Chernobyl nuclear accident KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - runoff KW - expansive materials KW - Chernobyl Ukraine KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - Chernobyl exclusion zone KW - storage KW - meltwater KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+groundwater-surface+water+interactions+including+effects+of+morphogenetic+depressions+in+the+Chernobyl+exclusion+zone&rft.au=Bixio%2C+A+C%3BGambolati%2C+G%3BPaniconi%2C+C%3BPutti%2C+M%3BShestopalov%2C+V+M%3BBublias%2C+V+N%3BBohuslavsky%2C+A+S%3BKasteltseva%2C+N+B%3BRudenko%2C+Y+F%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Bixio&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; boundary interactions; Chernobyl exclusion zone; Chernobyl nuclear accident; Chernobyl Ukraine; Commonwealth of Independent States; coupling; digital terrain models; environmental analysis; Europe; expansive materials; freezing; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; infiltration; isotopes; Kiev Ukraine; mathematical models; meltwater; mobility; monitoring; one-dimensional models; permeability; pollutants; pollution; pore water; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; runoff; saturation; seepage; simulation; solutes; storage; surface water; three-dimensional models; transport; Ukraine; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subsurface flow and transport; from theoretical studies to actions at field sites AN - 51169774; 2002-054594 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 125 EP - 312 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - transport KW - movement KW - multiphase flow KW - theoretical models KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Subsurface+flow+and+transport%3B+from+theoretical+studies+to+actions+at+field+sites&rft.title=Subsurface+flow+and+transport%3B+from+theoretical+studies+to+actions+at+field+sites&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; ground water; movement; multiphase flow; pollution; preferential flow; theoretical models; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scientific considerations related to regulation development for CO (sub 2) sequestration in brine formations AN - 51169617; 2002-054610 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Benson, Sally M AU - Kobelski, Bruce AU - Smith, Robert E AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 275 EP - 281 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - contaminant plumes KW - regulations KW - injection KW - pollution KW - research KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - safety KW - viscosity KW - liquid waste KW - brines KW - chemical properties KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Scientific+considerations+related+to+regulation+development+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration+in+brine+formations&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M%3BKobelski%2C+Bruce%3BSmith%2C+Robert+E%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; brines; carbon dioxide; chemical properties; contaminant plumes; experimental studies; ground water; injection; leaching; liquid waste; monitoring; physical properties; policy; pollution; regulations; research; safety; United States; viscosity; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Summary comments on research collaboration between Russian and western geoscientists AN - 51169579; 2002-054613 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Osipov, V I AU - Pozdniakov, S P AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 306 EP - 307 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - pollutants KW - injection KW - artificial recharge KW - pollution KW - international cooperation KW - Russian Federation KW - migration of elements KW - preferential flow KW - research KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Summary+comments+on+research+collaboration+between+Russian+and+western+geoscientists&rft.au=Osipov%2C+V+I%3BPozdniakov%2C+S+P%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Osipov&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; artificial recharge; Commonwealth of Independent States; ground water; injection; international cooperation; migration of elements; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive waste; research; Russian Federation; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A study of caprock hydromechanical changes associated with CO (sub 2) -injection into a brine formation AN - 51169553; 2002-054612 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 296 EP - 305 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - sealing KW - numerical models KW - injection KW - artificial recharge KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - simulation KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - infiltration KW - brines KW - multiphase flow KW - cap rocks KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51169553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=A+study+of+caprock+hydromechanical+changes+associated+with+CO+%28sub+2%29+-injection+into+a+brine+formation&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=Jonny&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; artificial recharge; brines; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; hydraulic conductivity; infiltration; injection; mathematical models; multiphase flow; numerical models; permeability; pollution; sealing; simulation; underground disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing groundwater recharge with two unsaturated zone modeling technologies AN - 51168877; 2002-054607 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Gogolev, Mikhail I AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 248 EP - 258 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - Waterloo Moraine KW - HELP KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - finite difference analysis KW - landfills KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - sediments KW - mobility KW - Waterloo Ontario KW - clastic sediments KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - silt KW - rates KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - water balance KW - till KW - Ontario KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - recharge KW - Canada KW - saturation KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - Eastern Canada KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51168877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Assessing+groundwater+recharge+with+two+unsaturated+zone+modeling+technologies&rft.au=Gogolev%2C+Mikhail+I%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Gogolev&rft.aufirst=Mikhail&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Canada; clastic sediments; computer programs; data processing; Eastern Canada; finite difference analysis; ground water; HELP; hydraulic conductivity; landfills; mathematical models; mobility; models; Ontario; permeability; pollution; porous materials; prediction; rates; recharge; saturation; sediments; silt; statistical analysis; till; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; water balance; Waterloo Moraine; Waterloo Ontario ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Principles of regional assessment and mapping of natural groundwater resources AN - 51168872; 2002-054609 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Zektser, Igor S AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 270 EP - 274 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - water use KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - water supply KW - surface water KW - regional planning KW - water management KW - mapping KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Russian Federation KW - water balance KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - pump tests KW - recharge KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - planning KW - regional KW - runoff KW - water regimes KW - discharge KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51168872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Principles+of+regional+assessment+and+mapping+of+natural+groundwater+resources&rft.au=Zektser%2C+Igor+S%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Zektser&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; Commonwealth of Independent States; discharge; ground water; mapping; planning; programs; protection; pump tests; recharge; regional; regional planning; runoff; Russian Federation; surface water; water balance; water management; water quality; water regimes; water resources; water supply; water use ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New evidence for the combined influence of vapor condensation and thermal convection on groundwater monitoring wells AN - 51168860; 2002-054598 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Solodov, I N AU - Malkovsky, V I AU - Pek, A A AU - Benson, Sally M AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 145 EP - 150 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - contaminant plumes KW - observation wells KW - water vapor KW - salinity KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - California KW - alkalinity KW - discharge KW - Kesterson Reservoir KW - geochemistry KW - condensation KW - pollutants KW - drainage KW - thermal properties KW - pollution KW - convection KW - hydrochemistry KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - Central Valley KW - dissolved materials KW - Merced County California KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51168860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=New+evidence+for+the+combined+influence+of+vapor+condensation+and+thermal+convection+on+groundwater+monitoring+wells&rft.au=Solodov%2C+I+N%3BMalkovsky%2C+V+I%3BPek%2C+A+A%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Solodov&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; aquifers; California; Central Valley; condensation; contaminant plumes; convection; discharge; dissolved materials; drainage; environmental analysis; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; Kesterson Reservoir; measurement; Merced County California; observation wells; pollutants; pollution; salinity; thermal properties; United States; water quality; water vapor; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - System analysis to estimate subsurface flow; from global level to the State of Minnesota AN - 51168852; 2002-054608 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Shmagin, Boris A AU - Kanivetsky, Roman AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 259 EP - 269 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Minnesota KW - water supply KW - global KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - water management KW - decision-making KW - preferential flow KW - drought KW - aquifers KW - models KW - spatial variations KW - streamflow KW - systems analysis KW - runoff KW - movement KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51168852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=System+analysis+to+estimate+subsurface+flow%3B+from+global+level+to+the+State+of+Minnesota&rft.au=Shmagin%2C+Boris+A%3BKanivetsky%2C+Roman%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Shmagin&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; decision-making; drought; global; hydrology; Minnesota; models; movement; preferential flow; rivers and streams; runoff; spatial variations; streamflow; surface water; systems analysis; United States; water management; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiphase flow dynamics during CO (sub 2) disposal into saline aquifers AN - 51168849; 2002-054611 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 282 EP - 295 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - fractured materials KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - finite difference analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - injection KW - artificial recharge KW - pollution KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - brackish water KW - saturation KW - decontamination KW - infiltration KW - brines KW - saline aquifers KW - multiphase flow KW - faults KW - storage KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51168849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Multiphase+flow+dynamics+during+CO+%28sub+2%29+disposal+into+saline+aquifers&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten%3BGarcia%2C+Julio%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; artificial recharge; brackish water; brines; carbon dioxide; decontamination; faults; finite difference analysis; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; ground water; infiltration; injection; multiphase flow; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; saline aquifers; saturation; simulation; statistical analysis; storage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model intercomparison study to investigate a dense contaminant plume in a complex hydrogeologic system AN - 51168825; 2002-054603 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Williams, Mark D AU - Cole, Charles R AU - Foley, Michael G AU - Zinina, Galina A AU - Zinin, Alexander I (Aleksandr I) AU - Vasil'kova, Nelly A AU - Samsonova, Lilia M AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Shestakov, Vsevolod M Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 199 EP - 213 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 42 IS - 2-3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - density KW - contaminant plumes KW - finite difference analysis KW - Russian Federation KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Kyshtym Russian Federation KW - transport KW - Southern Urals KW - Lake Karachai KW - Urals KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - evapotranspiration KW - aquifers KW - models KW - water table KW - recharge KW - Mayak Site KW - shallow aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51168825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Model+intercomparison+study+to+investigate+a+dense+contaminant+plume+in+a+complex+hydrogeologic+system&rft.au=Williams%2C+Mark+D%3BCole%2C+Charles+R%3BFoley%2C+Michael+G%3BZinina%2C+Galina+A%3BZinin%2C+Alexander+I+%28Aleksandr+I%29%3BVasil%27kova%2C+Nelly+A%3BSamsonova%2C+Lilia+M%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BShestakov%2C+Vsevolod+M&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Commonwealth of Independent States; concentration; contaminant plumes; density; environmental analysis; evapotranspiration; finite difference analysis; ground water; hydrology; Kyshtym Russian Federation; Lake Karachai; mathematical models; Mayak Site; migration of elements; models; numerical models; pollutants; pollution; recharge; Russian Federation; shallow aquifers; simulation; solutes; Southern Urals; statistical analysis; transport; Urals; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping the volumetric soil water content of a California vineyard using high-frequency GPR ground wave data AN - 50896795; 2002-046130 AB - Water distribution in the top 1 m of the earth's surface soil layer often controls the success of agricultural crops. In this near-surface zone, large spatial and temporal variations in soil water content are associated with soil heterogeneities, topography, land cover, evapotranspiration, and precipitation. Conventional techniques of measuring soil water content for agricultural purposes--e.g., time domain reflectometry (TDR), neutron probe, or gravimetric techniques, are intrusive and provide information at a point scale only, which is often inadequate for capturing the variations in soil water content with sufficient resolution. Both passive and active remote sensing methods have also been investigated as a tool to provide soil water content in the top 0-5 cm of the subsurface over large spatial areas and in a rapid manner. However, it is still a challenge to obtain information about soil water content from remote sensing data in the presence of a mature crop cover. At the spatial and temporal scales necessary to describe dynamic shallow soil environments, reliance on only sparse, high-resolution point measurements or on remote sensing proxy information could generate large uncertainties regarding near-surface soil water content distribution and flux. JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Grote, Katherine AU - Rubin, Yoram Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 552 EP - 559 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - United States KW - soils KW - ADAR Multispectral System KW - water supply KW - geophysical surveys KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - agriculture KW - radar methods KW - frequency KW - California KW - volume KW - surface features KW - surveys KW - water content KW - geophysical profiles KW - water resources KW - time domain reflectometry KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50896795?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=Mapping+the+volumetric+soil+water+content+of+a+California+vineyard+using+high-frequency+GPR+ground+wave+data&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan%3BGrote%2C+Katherine%3BRubin%2C+Yoram&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1490641 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ADAR Multispectral System; agriculture; airborne methods; California; electrical methods; frequency; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; ground-penetrating radar; radar methods; remote sensing; soils; surface features; surveys; time domain reflectometry; United States; volume; water content; water resources; water supply DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1490641 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modeling approach for analysis of coupled multiphase fluid flow, heat transfer, and deformation in fractured porous rock AN - 18916531; 5492639 AB - This paper presents the methodology in which two computer codes - TOUGH2 and FLAC3D - are linked and jointly executed for coupled thermal-hydrologic mechanical (THM) analysis of multiphase fluid flow, heat transfer, and deformation in fractured and porous rock. TOUGH2 is a well-established code for geohydrological analysis with multiphase, multicomponent fluid flow and heat transport, while FLAC3D is a widely used commercial code that is designed for rock and soil mechanics with thermomechanical and hydromechanical interactions. In this study, the codes are sequentially executed and linked through external coupling modules: one that dictates changes in effective stress as a function of multi-phase pore pressure and thermal expansion, and one that corrects porosity, permeability, and capillary pressure for changes in stress. The capability of a linked TOUGH-FLAC simulator is demonstrated on two complex coupled problems related to injection and storage of carbon dioxide in aquifers and to disposal of nuclear waste in unsaturated fractured porous media. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Wu, Y-S AU - Tsang, C-F AU - Bodvarsson, G AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, jrutqvist@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/06// PY - 2002 DA - June 2002 SP - 429 EP - 442 VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pore Pressure KW - Thermal Expansion KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Porous Media KW - Waste Management KW - Fluid Flow KW - Waste Disposal KW - Porosity KW - Stress KW - Heat Transfer KW - Injection KW - Permeability KW - Rock Mechanics KW - Rocks KW - Soil Mechanics KW - Groundwater KW - Deformation KW - SW 6050:Rock mechanics and geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18916531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+modeling+approach+for+analysis+of+coupled+multiphase+fluid+flow%2C+heat+transfer%2C+and+deformation+in+fractured+porous+rock&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+J%3BWu%2C+Y-S%3BTsang%2C+C-F%3BBodvarsson%2C+G&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-06-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pore Pressure; Geologic Fractures; Thermal Expansion; Waste Management; Porous Media; Fluid Flow; Waste Disposal; Porosity; Stress; Heat Transfer; Injection; Permeability; Rock Mechanics; Rocks; Soil Mechanics; Groundwater; Deformation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor particles and symptoms among office workers: results from a double-blind cross-over study. AN - 71620675; 11964931 AB - BACKGROUNDWe studied the effects of removing small airborne particles in an office building without unusual contaminant sources or occupant complaints.METHODSWe conducted a double-blind crossover study of enhanced particle filtration in an office building in the Midwest United States in 1993. We replaced standard particle filters, in separate ventilation systems on two floors, with highly efficient filters on alternate floors weekly over 4 weeks. Repeated-measures models were used to analyze data from weekly worker questionnaires and multiple environmental measurements.RESULTSBioaerosol concentrations were low. Enhanced filtration reduced concentrations of the smallest airborne particles by 94%. This reduction was not associated with reduced symptoms among the 396 respondents, but three performance-related mental states improved; for example, the confusion scale decreased (-3.7%; 95% confidence limits (CL) = -6.5, -0.9). Most environmental dissatisfaction variables also improved; eg, "stuffy" air, -5.3% (95% CL = -10.3, -0.4). Cooler temperatures within the recommended comfort range were associated with remarkably large improvement in most outcomes; for example, chest tightness decreased -23.4% (95% CL = -38.1, -8.7) for every 1 degrees C decrease.CONCLUSIONSBenefits of enhanced filtration require assessment in buildings with higher particulate contaminant levels in studies controlling for temperature effects. Benefits from lower indoor temperatures need confirmation. JF - Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) AU - Mendell, Mark J AU - Fisk, William J AU - Petersen, Marty R AU - Hines, Cynthia J AU - Dong, Maxia AU - Faulkner, David AU - Deddens, James A AU - Ruder, Avima M AU - Sullivan, Douglas AU - Boeniger, Mark F AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA. mjmendell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 296 EP - 304 VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 1044-3983, 1044-3983 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Ventilation KW - Double-Blind Method KW - Humans KW - Particle Size KW - Linear Models KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Workplace KW - Filtration KW - Adult KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Middle Aged KW - Female KW - Male KW - Sick Building Syndrome -- etiology KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Diseases -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71620675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.atitle=Indoor+particles+and+symptoms+among+office+workers%3A+results+from+a+double-blind+cross-over+study.&rft.au=Mendell%2C+Mark+J%3BFisk%2C+William+J%3BPetersen%2C+Marty+R%3BHines%2C+Cynthia+J%3BDong%2C+Maxia%3BFaulkner%2C+David%3BDeddens%2C+James+A%3BRuder%2C+Avima+M%3BSullivan%2C+Douglas%3BBoeniger%2C+Mark+F&rft.aulast=Mendell&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+%28Cambridge%2C+Mass.%29&rft.issn=10443983&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-23 N1 - Date created - 2002-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative Zn speciation in a contaminated dredged sediment by mu -PIXE, mu -SXRF, EXAFS spectroscopy and principal component analysis AN - 52111005; 2002-040361 AB - Dredging and disposal of sediments onto agricultural soils is a common practice in industrial and urban areas that can be hazardous to the environment when the sediments contain heavy metals. This chemical hazard can be assessed by evaluating the mobility and speciation of metals after sediment deposition. In this study, the speciation of Zn in the coarse (500 to 2000 mu m) and fine (<2 mu m) fractions of a contaminated sediment dredged from a ship canal in northern France and deposited on an agricultural soil was determined by physical analytical techniques on raw and chemically treated samples. Zn partitioning between coexisting mineral phases and its chemical associations were first determined by micro-particle-induced X-ray emission and micro-synchrotron-based X-ray radiation fluorescence. Zn-containing mineral species were then identified by X-ray diffraction and powder and polarized extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS). The number, nature, and proportion of Zn species were obtained by a coupled principal component analysis (PCA) and least squares fitting (LSF) procedure, applied herein for the first time to qualitatively (number and nature of species) and quantitatively (relative proportion of species) speciate a metal in a natural system. The coarse fraction consists of slag grains originating from nearby Zn smelters. In this fraction, Zn is primarily present as sphalerite (ZnS) and to a lesser extent as willemite (Zn (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) ), Zn-containing ferric (oxyhydr)oxides, and zincite (ZnO). In the fine fraction, ZnS and Zn-containing Fe (oxyhydr)oxides are the major forms, and Zn-containing phyllosilicate is the minor species. Weathering of ZnS, Zn (sub 2) SiO (sub 4) , and ZnO under oxidizing conditions after the sediment disposal accounts for the uptake of Zn by Fe (oxyhydr)oxides and phyllosilicates. Two geochemical processes can explain the retention of Zn by secondary minerals: uptake on preexisting minerals and precipitation with dissolved Fe and Si. The second process likely occurs because dissolved Zn and Si are supersaturated with respect to Zn phyllosilicate. EXAFS spectroscopy, in combination with PCA and LSF, is shown to be a meaningful approach to quantitatively determining the speciation of trace elements in sediments and soils. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Isaure, Marie-Pierre AU - Laboudigue, Agnes AU - Manceau, Alain AU - Sarret, Geraldine AU - Tiffreau, Christophe AU - Trocellier, Patrick AU - Lamble, Geraldine AU - Hazemann, Jean-Louis AU - Chateigner, Daniel Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 1549 EP - 1567 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 9 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - zinc KW - Europe KW - PIXE spectra KW - emission spectra KW - synchrotron radiation KW - France KW - partitioning KW - laboratory studies KW - quantitative analysis KW - coarse-grained materials KW - Douai France KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - Scarpe Canal KW - spectra KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - principal components analysis KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - X-ray spectra KW - weathering KW - Nord France KW - dredged materials KW - metals KW - fine-grained materials KW - EXAFS data KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52111005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Zn+speciation+in+a+contaminated+dredged+sediment+by+mu+-PIXE%2C+mu+-SXRF%2C+EXAFS+spectroscopy+and+principal+component+analysis&rft.au=Isaure%2C+Marie-Pierre%3BLaboudigue%2C+Agnes%3BManceau%2C+Alain%3BSarret%2C+Geraldine%3BTiffreau%2C+Christophe%3BTrocellier%2C+Patrick%3BLamble%2C+Geraldine%3BHazemann%2C+Jean-Louis%3BChateigner%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Isaure&rft.aufirst=Marie-Pierre&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900875-4 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-14 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; chemical fractionation; coarse-grained materials; Douai France; dredged materials; emission spectra; Europe; EXAFS data; experimental studies; fine-grained materials; France; geochemistry; heavy metals; laboratory studies; metals; mobility; Nord France; partitioning; PIXE spectra; pollutants; pollution; principal components analysis; quantitative analysis; Scarpe Canal; sediments; soils; spectra; statistical analysis; synchrotron radiation; weathering; Western Europe; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00875-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracing and quantifying magmatic carbon discharge in cold groundwaters; lessons learned from Mammoth Mountain, USA AN - 52088172; 2002-057957 AB - A major campaign to quantify the magmatic carbon discharge in cold groundwaters around Mammoth Mountain volcano in eastern California was carried out from 1996 to 1999. The total water flow from all sampled cold springs was > or =1.8X10 (super 7) m (super 3) /yr draining an area that receives an estimated 2.5X10 (super 7) m (super 3) /yr of recharge, suggesting that sample coverage of the groundwater system was essentially complete. Some of the waters contain magmatic helium with (super 3) He/ (super 4) He ratios as high as 4.5 times the atmospheric ratio, and a magmatic component in the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) can be identified in virtually every feature sampled. Many waters have a (super 14) C of 0-5 pmC, a delta (super 13) C near -5 per mil, and contain high concentrations (20-50 mmol/l) of CO (sub 2(aq)) ; but are otherwise dilute (specific conductance = 100-300 mu S/cm) with low pH values between 5 and 6. Such waters have previously escaped notice at Mammoth Mountain, and possibly at many other volcanoes, because CO (sub 2) is rapidly lost to the air as the water flows away from the springs, leaving neutral pH waters containing only 1-3 mmol/l HCO (sub 3) (super -) . The total discharge of magmatic carbon in the cold groundwater system at Mammoth Mountain is approximately 20 000 t/yr (as CO (sub 2) ), ranging seasonally from about 30 to 90 t/day. Several types of evidence show that this high discharge of magmatic DIC arose in part because of shallow dike intrusion in 1989, but also demonstrate that a long-term discharge possibly half this magnitude ( approximately 10 000 t/yr) predated that intrusion. To sustain a 10 000 t/yr DIC discharge would require a magma intrusion rate of 0.057 km (super 3) per century, assuming complete degassing of magma with 0.65 wt% CO (sub 2) and a density of 2.7 t/m (super 3) . The geochemical data also identify a small (<1 t/day) discharge of magmatic DIC that can be traced to the Inyo Domes area north of Mammoth Mountain and outside the associated Long Valley caldera. This research, along with recent studies at Lassen Peak and other western USA volcanoes, suggests that the amount of magmatic carbon in cold groundwaters is important to constraining rates of intrusion and edifice weathering at individual volcanoes and may even represent a significant fraction of the global carbon discharge from volcanoes. JF - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research AU - Evans, William C AU - Sorey, Michael L AU - Cook, Andrea C AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Shuster, David L AU - Colvard, Elizabeth M AU - White, Lloyd D AU - Huebner, Mark A Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 291 EP - 312 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 114 IS - 3-4 SN - 0377-0273, 0377-0273 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - California KW - volcanism KW - noble gases KW - carbon KW - tracers KW - springs KW - helium KW - discharge KW - geochemistry KW - concentration KW - Fresno County California KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - gases KW - provenance KW - recharge KW - magmas KW - Mammoth Mountain KW - volcanoes KW - He-4/He-3 KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52088172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.atitle=Tracing+and+quantifying+magmatic+carbon+discharge+in+cold+groundwaters%3B+lessons+learned+from+Mammoth+Mountain%2C+USA&rft.au=Evans%2C+William+C%3BSorey%2C+Michael+L%3BCook%2C+Andrea+C%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BShuster%2C+David+L%3BColvard%2C+Elizabeth+M%3BWhite%2C+Lloyd+D%3BHuebner%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.issn=03770273&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0377-0273%2801%2900268-2 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03770273 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JVGRDQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; California; carbon; carbon dioxide; concentration; discharge; Fresno County California; gases; geochemistry; ground water; He-4/He-3; helium; hydrochemistry; isotope ratios; isotopes; magmas; Mammoth Mountain; noble gases; provenance; recharge; springs; stable isotopes; temperature; thermal waters; tracers; United States; volcanism; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00268-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The saltwater/freshwater regime in the sedimentary cover of the Gorleben salt dome AN - 51989160; 2003-030472 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Klinge, H AU - Schelkes, K AU - Ruebel, A AU - Suckow, A AU - Schildknecht, F AU - Ludwig, R A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 125 EP - 148 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - oxygen KW - contaminant plumes KW - salt domes KW - isotopes KW - waste disposal sites KW - Europe KW - preferential flow KW - salt water KW - stable isotopes KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Gorleben KW - transport KW - Central Europe KW - geochemistry KW - isotope ratios KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - potentiometric surface KW - O-18/O-16 KW - migration of elements KW - fresh-water environment KW - hydrochemistry KW - boundary interactions KW - preventive measures KW - porosity KW - Lower Saxony Germany KW - aquifers KW - saturation KW - brines KW - shallow aquifers KW - unconsolidated materials KW - waste disposal KW - Germany KW - pore water KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51989160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=The+saltwater%2Ffreshwater+regime+in+the+sedimentary+cover+of+the+Gorleben+salt+dome&rft.au=Klinge%2C+H%3BSchelkes%2C+K%3BRuebel%2C+A%3BSuckow%2C+A%3BSchildknecht%2C+F%3BLudwig%2C+R&rft.aulast=Klinge&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary interactions; brines; Central Europe; contaminant plumes; Europe; fresh-water environment; geochemistry; Germany; Gorleben; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotope ratios; isotopes; Lower Saxony Germany; migration of elements; O-18/O-16; oxygen; pollution; pore water; porosity; potentiometric surface; preferential flow; preventive measures; radioactive waste; salt domes; salt water; saturation; sedimentation; shallow aquifers; stable isotopes; transport; unconsolidated materials; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-dependent measurement of strongly density-dependent flow in a porous medium via nuclear magnetic resonance imaging AN - 51988453; 2003-030474 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Oswald, Sascha E AU - Scheidegger, Markus B AU - Kinzelbach, Wolfgang A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 169 EP - 193 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - density KW - three-dimensional models KW - fresh water KW - porous materials KW - mathematical geology KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - salt water KW - NMR spectra KW - boundary conditions KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - visualization KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - saturation KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - nuclear magnetic resonance KW - spectroscopy KW - image analysis KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51988453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Time-dependent+measurement+of+strongly+density-dependent+flow+in+a+porous+medium+via+nuclear+magnetic+resonance+imaging&rft.au=Oswald%2C+Sascha+E%3BScheidegger%2C+Markus+B%3BKinzelbach%2C+Wolfgang&rft.aulast=Oswald&rft.aufirst=Sascha&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; density; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; fresh water; image analysis; laboratory studies; mathematical geology; measurement; monitoring; NMR spectra; nuclear magnetic resonance; porous materials; preferential flow; salt water; saturation; sediments; spectra; spectroscopy; three-dimensional models; transport; visualization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strongly coupled density-dependent flow AN - 51988323; 2003-030471 JF - Transport in Porous Media A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 123 EP - 244 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - density KW - transport KW - pollution KW - hydrodynamics KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51988323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Strongly+coupled+density-dependent+flow&rft.title=Strongly+coupled+density-dependent+flow&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; density; fluid dynamics; ground water; hydrodynamics; mathematical models; pollution; porous materials; preferential flow; simulation; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the validity of Darcy's law for stable high-concentration displacements in granular porous media AN - 51987090; 2003-030473 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Watson, S J AU - Barry, D A AU - Schotting, R J AU - Hassanizadeh, S M A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 149 EP - 167 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - density KW - one-dimensional models KW - preferential flow KW - fluid dynamics KW - salt water KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - granular materials KW - coarse-grained materials KW - sediments KW - leachate KW - mobility KW - saline composition KW - sand KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - clastic sediments KW - Darcy's law KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - boundary conditions KW - aquifers KW - miscibility KW - brines KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51987090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=On+the+validity+of+Darcy%27s+law+for+stable+high-concentration+displacements+in+granular+porous+media&rft.au=Watson%2C+S+J%3BBarry%2C+D+A%3BSchotting%2C+R+J%3BHassanizadeh%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; brines; clastic sediments; coarse-grained materials; concentration; Darcy's law; density; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; granular materials; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; laboratory studies; leachate; miscibility; mobility; numerical models; one-dimensional models; pollution; pore water; porous materials; preferential flow; saline composition; salt water; sand; sediments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory investigation of variable-density flow and solute transport in unsaturated-saturated porous media AN - 51986193; 2003-030475 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Simmons, C T AU - Pierini, M L AU - Hutson, J L A2 - Oldenburg, Curtis M. Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 215 EP - 244 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - solute transport KW - density KW - unsaturated zone KW - fluid dynamics KW - ground water KW - visualization KW - laboratory studies KW - mixing KW - tracers KW - soils KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - capillarity KW - migration of elements KW - indicators KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - viscosity KW - saturation KW - rhodamine KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51986193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Laboratory+investigation+of+variable-density+flow+and+solute+transport+in+unsaturated-saturated+porous+media&rft.au=Simmons%2C+C+T%3BPierini%2C+M+L%3BHutson%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; capillarity; concentration; density; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; ground water; indicators; laboratory studies; migration of elements; mixing; permeability; pollutants; pollution; pore water; porous materials; rhodamine; saturation; soils; solute transport; tracers; unsaturated zone; viscosity; visualization; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GPR monitoring of volumetric water content in soils applied to highway construction and maintenance AN - 50307569; 2002-045963 AB - Detailed knowledge of the subsurface water content is important for highway design, maintenance, and repair. Transportation engineers can monitor the water content of subasphalt soils to estimate the soil stiffness as an index of the likely performance of a pavement and to evaluate the need for subsurface drainage retrofits. Conventional approaches for measuring water content include gravimetric sampling, time-domain reflectometry (TDR), and neutron probes, all of which are time-consuming and invasive. Additionally, each of these methods provides only point measurements; because soil moisture content can vary greatly over space and time, point measurements are of limited value when surveying over a large area and over a period of time. An alternative to these conventional methods is ground-penetrating radar (GPR), which can be used to quickly collect continuous, high-resolution water content estimates. GPR techniques can be used to estimate water content due to the sensitivity of electromagnetic velocity to water content. JF - Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) AU - Grote, K AU - Hubbard, S AU - Rubin, Y AU - Gochioco, Lawrence M AU - Wilson, Tom Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 482 EP - 485, 504 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1070-485X, 1070-485X KW - soils KW - soil mechanics KW - high-resolution methods KW - experimental studies KW - engineering properties KW - moisture KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - electromagnetic waves KW - dielectric constant KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - electromagnetic methods KW - velocity KW - water content KW - propagation KW - construction KW - accuracy KW - roads KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50307569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.atitle=GPR+monitoring+of+volumetric+water+content+in+soils+applied+to+highway+construction+and+maintenance&rft.au=Grote%2C+K%3BHubbard%2C+S%3BRubin%2C+Y%3BGochioco%2C+Lawrence+M%3BWilson%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Grote&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=482&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Leading+Edge+%28Tulsa%2C+OK%29&rft.issn=1070485X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1481259 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; construction; dielectric constant; electromagnetic methods; electromagnetic waves; engineering properties; experimental studies; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; high-resolution methods; infiltration; moisture; propagation; radar methods; roads; soil mechanics; soils; transport; velocity; water content DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1481259 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy use and carbon dioxide emissions from steel production in China AN - 18416015; 5399067 AB - In 1996, China manufactured just over 100 Mt of steel and became the world's largest steel producer. Official Chinese energy consumption statistics for the steel industry include activities not directly associated with the production of steel, 'double-count' some coal-based energy consumption, and do not cover the entire Chinese steelmaking industry. In this paper, we make adjustements to the reported statistical data in order to provide energy use values for steel production in China that are comparable to statistics used internationally. We find that for 1996, official statistics need to be reduced by 1365 PJ to account for non-steel production activities and double-counting. Official statistics also need to be increased by 415 PJ in order to include steelmaking energy use of small plants not included in official statistics. This leads to an overall reduction of 950 PJ for steelmaking in China in 1996. Thus, the official final energy use value of 4018 PJ drops to 3067 PJ. In primary energy terms, the official primary energy use value of 4555 PJ is reduced to 3582 PJ when these adjustments are made. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Price, L AU - Sinton, J AU - Worrell, E AU - Phylipsen, D AU - Xiulian, H AU - Ji, L AD - International Energy Studies Group, Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, lkprice@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/05// PY - 2002 DA - May 2002 SP - 429 EP - 446 VL - 27 IS - 5 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18416015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Energy+use+and+carbon+dioxide+emissions+from+steel+production+in+China&rft.au=Price%2C+L%3BSinton%2C+J%3BWorrell%2C+E%3BPhylipsen%2C+D%3BXiulian%2C+H%3BJi%2C+L&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-05-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable carbon isotope fractionation during enhanced in situ bioremediation of trichloroethene AN - 51843427; 2004-044972 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Song, Donald L AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Sorenson, Kent S AU - Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa Y1 - 2002/04/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 15 SP - 2262 EP - 2268 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 36 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - vinyl chloride KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethane KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - stable isotopes KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ethylene KW - carbon KW - alkenes KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - kinetics KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - dehalogenation KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - dechlorination KW - bacteria KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - transformations KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51843427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Stable+carbon+isotope+fractionation+during+enhanced+in+situ+bioremediation+of+trichloroethene&rft.au=Song%2C+Donald+L%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BSorenson%2C+Kent+S%3BAlvarez-Cohen%2C+Lisa&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2002-04-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; C-13/C-12; carbon; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dechlorination; dehalogenation; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; pump-and-treat; remediation; solutes; stable isotopes; transformations; trichloroethane; vinyl chloride; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction of Polyhalogenated Methanes by Surface-Bound Fe(II) in Aqueous Suspensions of Iron Oxides AN - 18591348; 5475932 AB - Uptake of ferrous iron from aqueous solution by iron oxides results in the formation of a variety of reactive surface species capable of reducing polyhalogenated methanes (PHMs). Pseudo-first-order reaction rate constants, k sub(obs), of PHMs increased in the order CHBrCl sub(2) < CHBr sub(2)Cl < CHBr sub(3) < CCl sub(4) < CFBr sub(3) < CBrCl sub(3) < CBr sub(2)Cl sub(2). The k sub(obs) values increased with the exposure time, t sub(eq), of Fe(II) to suspended iron oxides which was attributed to the rearrangement of initially sorbed Fe(II) species to more reactive surface species with time. At pH 7.2, the k sub(obs) values of PHMs also increased with the concentration of surface-bound ferrous iron, Fe(II) sub(sorb), particularly when Fe(II) sub(tot) was increased to concentrations where surface precipitation becomes likely. At fixed total Fe(II) concentrations, k sub(obs) values increased exponentially with pH. The highest reactivities were associated with pH conditions where surface precipitation of Fe(II) is expected. Fe(II) sub(sorb) and pH, however, had opposite effects on the product formation of PHMs. At pH 7.2, the formation of formate from CX sub(4) (X = Cl, Br) increased with Fe(II) sub(sorb), whereas increasing pH favored the formation of CHX sub(3). The ratio of halogenated products and formate formed is indicative of the relative importance of initial one- or two-electron-transfer processes, respectively, and was found to depend on the type of iron oxide mineral also. Our data form a basis to assess the importance of chemical reactions in natural attenuation processes of PHMs in environmental systems under iron-reducing conditions. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Pecher, K AU - Haderlein, S B AU - Schwarzenbach, R P AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, MS 7-222, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, khpecher@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/04/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Apr 15 SP - 1734 EP - 1741 VL - 36 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Methane KW - Sorption KW - Experimental Data KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Halogens KW - Fate of Pollutants KW - Iron Oxides KW - Hydrogen Ion Concentration KW - Iron oxides and hydroxides KW - Hydrogen ion concentrations KW - Methane (see also Digester gas, Sludge gas) KW - Chemical Reduction KW - Reduction (Chemical) KW - Kinetics KW - Chemical Reactions KW - Sorption (see also Absorption, Adsorption) KW - Pollution (Water) KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18591348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Reduction+of+Polyhalogenated+Methanes+by+Surface-Bound+Fe%28II%29+in+Aqueous+Suspensions+of+Iron+Oxides&rft.au=Pecher%2C+K%3BHaderlein%2C+S+B%3BSchwarzenbach%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Pecher&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2002-04-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1734&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane (see also Digester gas, Sludge gas); Reduction (Chemical); Halogens; Kinetics; Iron oxides and hydroxides; Sorption (see also Absorption, Adsorption); Pollution (Water); Hydrogen ion concentrations; Experimental Data; Sorption; Methane; Water Pollution; Chemical Reduction; Path of Pollutants; Iron Oxides; Fate of Pollutants; Chemical Reactions; Hydrogen Ion Concentration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface complexation and precipitate geometry for aqueous Zn(II) sorption on ferrihydrite; I, X-ray absorption extended fine structure spectroscopy analysis AN - 52130032; 2002-027836 AB - "Two-line" ferrihydrite samples precipitated and then exposed to a range of aqueous Zn solutions (10 (super -5) to 10 (super -3) M), and also coprecipitated in similar Zn solutions (pH 6.5), have been examined by Zn and Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Typical Zn complexes on the surface have Zn-O distances of 1.97(.02) Aa and coordination numbers of about 4.0(0.5), consistent with tetrahedral oxygen coordination. This contrasts with Zn-O distances of 2.11(.02) Aa and coordination numbers of 6 to 7 in the aqueous Zn solutions used in sample preparation. X-ray absorption extended fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) fits to the second shell of cation neighbors indicate as many as 4 Zn-Fe neighbors at 3.44(.04) Aa in coprecipitated samples, and about two Zn-Fe neighbors at the same distance in adsorption samples. In both sets of samples, the fitted coordination number of second shell cations decreases as sorption density increases, indicating changes in the number and type of available complexing sites or the onset of competitive precipitation processes. Comparison of our results with the possible geometries for surface complexes and precipitates suggests that the Zn sorption complexes are inner sphere and at lowest adsorption densities are bidentate, sharing apical oxygens with adjacent edge-sharing Fe(O,OH) (sub 6) octahedra. Coprecipitation samples have complexes with similar geometry, but these are polydentate, sharing apices with more than two adjacent edge-sharing Fe(O,OH) (sub 6) polyhedra. The results are inconsistent with Zn entering the ferrihydrite structure (i.e., solid solution formation) or formation of other Zn-Fe precipitates. The fitted Zn-Fe coordination numbers drop with increasing Zn density with a minimum of about 0.8(.2) at Zn/(Zn+Fe) of 0.08 or more. This change appears to be attributable to the onset of precipitation of zinc hydroxide polymers with mainly tetrahedral Zn coordination. At the highest loadings studied, the nature of the complexes changes further, and a second type of precipitate forms. This has a structure based on a brucite layer topology, with mainly octahedral Zn coordination. Amorphous zinc hydroxide samples prepared for comparison had a closely similar local structure. Analysis of the Fe K-edge EXAFS is consistent with surface complexation reactions and surface precipitation at high Zn loadings with little or no Fe-Zn solid solution formation. The formation of Zn-containing precipitates at solution conditions two or more orders of magnitude below their solubility limit is compared with other sorption and spectroscopic studies that describe similar behavior. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Waychunas, G A AU - Fuller, C C AU - Davis, J A Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 1119 EP - 1137 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 66 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - zinc KW - sorption KW - experimental studies KW - coordination KW - complexing KW - mineral-water interface KW - crystal structure KW - aqueous solutions KW - ferrihydrite KW - laboratory studies KW - chemical reactions KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - crystal chemistry KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52130032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Surface+complexation+and+precipitate+geometry+for+aqueous+Zn%28II%29+sorption+on+ferrihydrite%3B+I%2C+X-ray+absorption+extended+fine+structure+spectroscopy+analysis&rft.au=Waychunas%2C+G+A%3BFuller%2C+C+C%3BDavis%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Waychunas&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2801%2900853-5 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 86 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; chemical reactions; complexing; coordination; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; EXAFS data; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; geochemistry; laboratory studies; metals; mineral-water interface; oxides; pH; precipitation; sorption; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00853-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-frequency electromagnetic impedance method for subsurface imaging AN - 52103652; 2002-044417 AB - This paper presents a high-frequency electromagnetic (EM) impedance method that extends the utility of conventional controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotelluric (CSAMT) method to the frequency range from 100 kHz to 100 MHz. In this frequency range diffusion and wave propagation must be considered together. In principle, both the electrical conductivity and the permittivity of the shallow subsurface can be imaged using impedance data gathered on the surface of the earth. The impedance approach has a distinct advantage in that coupling with the source is unnecessary, provided that the source can be positioned far enough away to yield plane waves at the receiver positions. At high frequencies the EM impedance is a function of the angle of incidence or the horizontal wavenumber, so the electrical properties cannot be readily extracted without eliminating the effect of horizontal wavenumber on the impedance. For this purpose, this paper considers two independent methods for accurately determining the horizontal wavenumber, which in turn is used to correct the impedance data. The apparent electrical properties derived from the corrected impedance data correlate poorly to the real structure, especially for the model with a resistive overburden. However, the impedance data along with the incidence angles thus estimated can be successfully inverted to yield an accurate subsurface layering through the simulated annealing inversion scheme. JF - Geophysics AU - Song, Yoonho AU - Kim, Hee Joon AU - Lee, Ki Ha Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 501 EP - 510 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 67 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - functions KW - imagery KW - electrical conductivity KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - inverse problem KW - frequency KW - layered materials KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - CSAMT methods KW - high frequency electromagnetic impedance methods KW - audiomagnetotelluric methods KW - impedance KW - horizontal orientation KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52103652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=High-frequency+electromagnetic+impedance+method+for+subsurface+imaging&rft.au=Song%2C+Yoonho%3BKim%2C+Hee+Joon%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=Yoonho&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=501&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1468610 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - audiomagnetotelluric methods; CSAMT methods; electrical conductivity; frequency; functions; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; high frequency electromagnetic impedance methods; horizontal orientation; imagery; impedance; inverse problem; layered materials; magnetotelluric methods; radar methods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1468610 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-situ synchrotron study of the kinetics, thermodynamics, and reaction mechanisms of the hydrothermal crystallization of gyrolite, Ca (sub 16) Si (sub 24) O (sub 60) (OH) (sub 8) .14H (sub 2) O AN - 52092675; 2002-047421 AB - The hydrothermal crystallization of gyrolite was studied dynamically at 190-240 degrees C using synchrotron-based in situ Energy Dispersive Powder Diffraction (EDPD). The reaction mechanism involves the initial crystallization of a calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel, which has a sheet structure with well ordered Ca(O, OH) layers and disordered silicate layers. This is followed by the intermediate formation of Z-phase which finally transforms to gyrolite. This process involves ordering of the silicate layers and an increase in the order along c. Kinetics data for all stages of the crystallization process were determined by analyzing the growth and decline of various diffraction peaks with time. The activation energy (E (sub a) ) (nucleation) for Z-phase is approximately 39 kJ/mol while that for gyrolite is approximately 56 kJ/mol. E (sub a) (crystallization) of gyrolite is higher at approximately 80 kJ/mol. The reaction occurs via a two-dimensional, diffusion-controlled mechanism and is a continuous process that suggests that Z-phase is an unstable, transient phase. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Shaw, Samuel AU - Henderson, C Michael B AU - Clark, Simon M Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 533 EP - 541 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 87 IS - 4 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - in situ KW - tobermorite KW - stability KW - crystal structure KW - metasomatism KW - gyrolite KW - chemical reactions KW - crystallization KW - sheet silicates KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - kinetics KW - chain silicates KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52092675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=In-situ+synchrotron+study+of+the+kinetics%2C+thermodynamics%2C+and+reaction+mechanisms+of+the+hydrothermal+crystallization+of+gyrolite%2C+Ca+%28sub+16%29+Si+%28sub+24%29+O+%28sub+60%29+%28OH%29+%28sub+8%29+.14H+%28sub+2%29+O&rft.au=Shaw%2C+Samuel%3BHenderson%2C+C+Michael+B%3BClark%2C+Simon+M&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chain silicates; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; crystallization; gyrolite; hydrothermal alteration; in situ; kinetics; metasomatism; sheet silicates; silicates; stability; thermodynamic properties; tobermorite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magma intrusion rate in the Three Sisters area of the central Oregon Cascades inferred by different methods AN - 52006453; 2003-023848 AB - Ongoing crustal uplift in the Three Sisters area was recently detected by InSAR imaging. The uplift is centered several km west of the Cascades crest at a location lacking young volcanic vents. Elastic models of the uplift invoke magma intrusion at a rate of approximately 0.006 km (super 3) /yr beginning in 1998 (Wicks et al., 2001). Slightly anomalous water temperatures and Cl (super -) concentrations were recognized in springs in this area a decade prior to the onset of uplift. The shallow groundwater system is apparently influenced by diffuse leakage of hydrothermal fluid from a reservoir beneath the western flanks of South Sister. The maximum thermal and Cl (super -) anomalies are only about 5 degrees C and 20 mg/L, respectively, in the most concentrated springs, but the combined discharge from all the springs is large and thought to account for most of the 3.5 m (super 3) /s late-summer stream-flow in Separation Creek. Flow and Cl (super -) concentration measurements in Separation Creek can thus be combined with the temperature-Cl (super -) relation in the springs to calculate a total advective heat discharge of 16 MW. This corresponds to the heat released by the cooling and crystallization of approximately 0.0003 km (super 3) /yr of magma. A new sample set collected from Separation Creek in the summer of 2001 found no change in total heat discharge relative to 1990 measurements. However, isotopic work begun in 2001 revealed magmatic carbon and helium in the spring waters. The concentration of magmatic carbon is low, a few mmol/kg at most, and uncorrelated with Cl (super -) ; but an average value for all the springs in the area can be estimated. Combining this average with the late-summer water flow results in a discharge of 7700 tonnes of magmatic CO (super 2) per year. This corresponds to the complete degassing of approximately 0.0005 km (super 3) /yr of magma, assuming 0.65 wt.-% CO (super 2) in the magma. Both the total heat and magmatic carbon discharges are probably accurate to within a factor of two and correspond to intrusion rates that agree within a factor of two. The heat discharge (and by inference, the carbon discharge) may reflect some longer-term intrusion rate. If so, the present intrusion rate inferred from InSAR imaging is at least an order of magnitude larger than the longer-term intrusion rate in this area. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Evans, William C AU - Ingebritsen, Steven E AU - Wicks, Charles W, Jr AU - Mariner, Robert H AU - Kennedy, B Mark AU - van Soest, Matthias C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 91 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Three Sisters volcanic field KW - magmatism KW - central Oregon KW - volcanic fields KW - Cascade Range KW - Oregon KW - Deschutes County Oregon KW - Coast Ranges KW - volcanism KW - magmas KW - volcanoes KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52006453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Magma+intrusion+rate+in+the+Three+Sisters+area+of+the+central+Oregon+Cascades+inferred+by+different+methods&rft.au=Evans%2C+William+C%3BIngebritsen%2C+Steven+E%3BWicks%2C+Charles+W%2C+Jr%3BMariner%2C+Robert+H%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mark%3Bvan+Soest%2C+Matthias+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Cordilleran Section, 98th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cascade Range; central Oregon; Coast Ranges; Deschutes County Oregon; magmas; magmatism; Oregon; Three Sisters volcanic field; United States; volcanic fields; volcanism; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling in situ ozonation for the remediation of nonvolatile PAH-contaminated unsaturated soils AN - 19410516; 6160028 AB - Mathematical models were developed to investigate the characteristics of gaseous ozone transport under various soil conditions and the feasibility of in situ ozone venting for the remediation of unsaturated soils contaminated with phenanthrene. On the basis of assumptions for the mass transfer and reactions of ozone, three approaches were considered: equilibrium, kinetic, and lump models. Water-saturation-dependent reactions of gaseous ozone with soil organic matter (SOM) and phenanthrene were employed. The models were solved numerically by using the finite-difference method, and the model parameters were determined by using the experimental data of Hsu [The use of gaseous ozone to remediate the organic contaminants in the unsaturated soils, PhD Thesis, Michigan State Univ. East Lansing, MI, 1995]. The transport of gas-phase ozone is significantly retarded by ozone consumption due to reactions with SOM and phenanthrene, in addition to dissolution. An operation time of 156 h was required to completely remove phenanthrene in a 5-m natural soil column. In actual situations, however, the operation time is likely to be longer than the ideal time because of unknown factors including heterogeneity of the porous medium and the distribution of SOM and contaminant. The ozone transport front length was found to be very limited (<1 m). The sensitivity analysis indicated that SOM is the single most important factor affecting in situ ozonation for the remediation of unsaturated soil contaminated with phenanthrene. Models were found to be insensitive to the reaction mechanisms of phenathrene with either gas-phase ozone or dissolved ozone. More study is required to quantify the effect of OH super([character]) formation on the removal of contaminant and on ozone transport in the subsurface. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Kim, J AU - Choi, H AD - Environmental Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA, JKKim@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - April 2002 SP - 261 EP - 285 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 55 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Modeling KW - In situ oxidation KW - Ozonation KW - Unsaturated soil KW - Soil organic matter KW - Phenanthrene KW - Soil remediation KW - Feasibility studies KW - Mathematical Models KW - Bioremediation KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Soil Columns KW - Sensitivity Analysis KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Hydrology KW - Heterogeneity KW - Ozone KW - Modelling KW - Experimental Data KW - Mathematical models KW - Soil Contamination KW - Organic matter KW - Mass Transfer KW - Soil contamination KW - Soil Organic Matter KW - Kinetics KW - Remediation KW - Organic Compounds KW - Mass transfer KW - Pollution control KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19410516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Modeling+in+situ+ozonation+for+the+remediation+of+nonvolatile+PAH-contaminated+unsaturated+soils&rft.au=Kim%2C+J%3BChoi%2C+H&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0169-7722%2801%2900196-6 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Organic matter; Pollution dispersion; Hydrology; Mass transfer; Modelling; Ozonation; Pollution control; Ozone; Feasibility studies; Soil remediation; Bioremediation; Kinetics; Soil contamination; Experimental Data; Mathematical Models; Soil Contamination; Mass Transfer; Soil Columns; Soil Organic Matter; Sensitivity Analysis; Hydrologic Models; Remediation; Organic Compounds; Heterogeneity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(01)00196-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IEQ and the Impact On Building Occupants AN - 18335300; 5383865 AB - Research into indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and its effects on health, comfort and performance of occupants is becoming increasingly essential. Facility managers are interested in IEQ's close relationship to energy use. Employers hope to enhance employee comfort and productivity, reduce absenteeism and health-care costs, and reduce risk of litigation. The rising interest in this field has placed additional pressure on the research community for practical guidelines on creating a safe, healthy and comfortable indoor environment. JF - ASHRAE Journal AU - Kumar, S AU - Fisk, W J AD - Energy Analysis Department at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Washington, D.C., USA Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 50 EP - 53 VL - 44 IS - 4 SN - 0001-2491, 0001-2491 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Air quality KW - Legal aspects KW - Economics KW - Indoor environments KW - Litigation KW - Occupational health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18335300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.atitle=IEQ+and+the+Impact+On+Building+Occupants&rft.au=Kumar%2C+S%3BFisk%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.issn=00012491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occupational health; Economics; Litigation; Legal aspects; Indoor environments; Air quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sexual Selection Fails To Promote Adaptation To A New Environment AN - 18323571; 5373773 AB - Selection can be divided into sexual and nonsexual components. Some work finds that a component of sexual selection, adaptive female selection for good genes, can promote nonsexual fitness. Less studied is the benefit from sexual selection in toto, that is, when intra- and intersexual selection are both present and able to affect females directly and indirectly. Here an upper bound for the net benefit of sexual selection is estimated for Drosophila melanogaster. Replicate populations were allowed to adapt to low-grade thermal stress, with or with out the operation of sexual selection. Because proteins and lipids are highly sensitive to temperature, low-grade thermal stress will select broadly across the genome for alternative alleles. Such broad, directional selection for thermal tolerance should increase the measurable benefits of sexual selection far beyond that available under stabilizing selection. Sexual selection was removed by enforced monogamy without mate choice and retained by enforced polyandry (four males per female). After 36 generations of thermal stress exposure, there was substantial adaptation to the new environment (the net reproductive rate increased six standard deviations relative to thermal controls). However, sexual selection did not affect the rate of adaptation. Therefore, adaptive female selection for thermal tolerance either was insignificant or negated by other aspects of sexual selection, for example, male-induced female harm, which has been shown to diminish under monogamy. This experiment employed two parameters that reduced the opportunity for divergence in such harm: a truncated intersexual interaction period and strong directional selection for thermal tolerance. No divergence in male-induced harm was observed. JF - Evolution AU - Holland, B AD - Department of Biology at Natural Sciences IV, 1156 High Street, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, btholland@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/04// PY - 2002 DA - Apr 2002 SP - 721 EP - 730 PB - The Society for the Study of Evolution VL - 56 IS - 4 SN - 0014-3820, 0014-3820 KW - Diptera KW - polyandry KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Sexual selection KW - Mating KW - Population genetics KW - Drosophila melanogaster KW - Evolution KW - G 07366:Insects/arachnids KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05220:General KW - G 07260:Taxonomy, systematics and evolutionary genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18323571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evolution&rft.atitle=Sexual+Selection+Fails+To+Promote+Adaptation+To+A+New+Environment&rft.au=Holland%2C+B&rft.aulast=Holland&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-04-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=721&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Evolution&rft.issn=00143820&rft_id=info:doi/10.1043%2F0014-3820%282002%29056%280721%3ASSFTPA%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drosophila melanogaster; Sexual selection; Temperature effects; Population genetics; Evolution; Mating DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1043/0014-3820(2002)056(0721:SSFTPA)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An automated tunnel evaporation measurement system for confined spaces AN - 1665488965; 5365306 AB - An automated tunnel evaporation-rate measurement system (TEMS) has been designed to measure automatically the evaporation from a cylinder 0.30 m in diameter and similar to 0.10 m tall. This cylinder continuously maintains a constant height of water, with losses to evaporation replenished from a stilling cylinder connected to a water reservoir. The evaporation rate is measured by a transducer located at the bottom of the stilling well. The TEMS was tested over a period of 3 months in an underground research facility with relatively strong wind effects, changing temperature, and changing humidity. During this period, the TEMS continued to function uninterrupted, automatically measuring the evaporation amounts along a tunnel and an enclosed niche. These observations suggest that this tool can be useful for investigations of evaporation processes both in enclosed and ventilated environments. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Salve, R AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop 14-116, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, r_salve@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 SP - 1101 EP - 1109 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Evaporation measurement techniques KW - Evaporation rates KW - Evaporation KW - Measuring Instruments KW - Electrical Equipment KW - Evaporation investigations KW - Evaporation research KW - Automation KW - Field Tests KW - Tunnels KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 0830:Evaporation and transpiration KW - M2 556.132:Evaporation (556.132) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665488965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=An+automated+tunnel+evaporation+measurement+system+for+confined+spaces&rft.au=Salve%2C+R&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.553 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Evaporation measurement techniques; Evaporation rates; Evaporation investigations; Evaporation research; Performance Evaluation; Electrical Equipment; Measuring Instruments; Evaporation; Automation; Field Tests; Tunnels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.553 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Catalysis of PAH Biodegradation by Humic Acid Shown in Synchrotron Infrared Studies AN - 16148874; 5402321 AB - The role of humic acid (HA) in the biodegradation of toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been the subject of controversy, particularly in unsaturated environments. By utilizing an infrared spectromicroscope and a very bright, nondestructive synchrotron photon source, we monitored in situ and, over time, the influence of HA on the progression of degradation of pyrene (a model PAH) by a bacterial colony on a magnetite surface. Our results indicate that HA dramatically shortens the onset time for PAH biodegradation from 168 to 2 h. In the absence of HA, it takes the bacteria about 168 h to produce sufficient glycolipids to solubilize pyrene and make it bioavailable for biodegradation. These results will have large implications for the bioremediation of contaminated soils. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Holman, H-YN AU - Nieman, K AU - Sorensen, D L AU - Miller, C D AU - Martin, M C AU - Borch, T AU - Mckinney, W R AU - Sims, R C AD - Center for Environmental Biotechnology and Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, hyholman@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/03/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 15 SP - 1276 EP - 1280 VL - 36 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - pyrene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil remediation KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Biodegradation KW - Pyrene KW - Humic acids KW - Catalysis KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 210:Bioremediation, Bioreactors & BioCycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16148874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Catalysis+of+PAH+Biodegradation+by+Humic+Acid+Shown+in+Synchrotron+Infrared+Studies&rft.au=Holman%2C+H-YN%3BNieman%2C+K%3BSorensen%2C+D+L%3BMiller%2C+C+D%3BMartin%2C+M+C%3BBorch%2C+T%3BMckinney%2C+W+R%3BSims%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Holman&rft.aufirst=H-YN&rft.date=2002-03-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1276&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes0157200 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Biodegradation; Humic acids; Pyrene; Catalysis; Soil remediation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0157200 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Selenium and nitrate removal from agricultural drainage using the AIWPS+ technology AN - 20712130; 5776543 AB - Monthly Maximum Discharge Limits (MMDL) have been established for selenium in irrigation drainage by the State of California and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency following observations of avian teratogenesis at the Kesterson Reservoir in the San Joaquin Valley of California. As a result of these and other adverse effects, farmers and drainage districts on the western side of the San Joaquin Valley must reduce selenium concentrations in irrigation drainage discharged to the San Joaquin River. Drainage treatment will be required in the near future to meet existing MMDL and future Total Maximum Discharge Limits (TMDL) for the San Joaquin River. A 0.4-hectare Algal Bacterial Selenium Removal (ABSR) Facility was designed and constructed at the Panoche Drainage District in 1995 and 1996 using the Advanced Integrated Wastewater Pond Systems+ or AIWPS+ Technology. Each of two physically identical systems combined a Reduction Pond (RP) with a shallow, peripheral algal High Rate Pond (HRP). A Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) unit and a slow sand filter were used to remove particulate selenium from the effluent of each system. The two systems were operated under different modes of operation and the bacterial substrate varied in each system. The rates of nitrate and selenium removal were compared. Microalgae were harvested using DAF and used as a carbon-rich substrate for nitrate- and selenate-reducing bacteria. Mass removals of total soluble selenium of 77% or greater were achieved over a three-year period. Nitrate and selenate were removed by assimilatory and dissimiliatory bacterial reduction, and nitrate was also removed by algal assimilation. The final removal of particulate selenium is the focus of ongoing investigations. The removal of particulate selenium is expected to increase the overall removal of selenium to greater than 90% and would allow farmers and drainage districts to discharge irrigation drainage in compliance with regulatory discharge limits. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Green, F B AU - Lundquist, T J AU - Quinn, NWT AU - Zarate, MA AU - Zubieta, I X AU - Oswald, W J A2 - Shilton, AN A2 - Craggs, RJ A2 - Walmsley, N Y1 - 2002/03/06/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 06 SP - 7 EP - 305 PB - IWA Publishing, Alliance House 12 Caxton Street London SW1H 0QS UK SN - 1843394464 KW - USA, California, San Joaquin R. KW - advanced pond systems KW - algal high rate ponds KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Nitrogen Removal KW - Lagooning KW - Ponds KW - Algae (see also Individual groups) KW - Water Quality Standards KW - Reservoirs KW - Stabilization Ponds KW - Algae KW - Rivers KW - valleys KW - Irrigation KW - River discharge KW - Wastes KW - Effluents KW - EPA KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Wastewater Disposal KW - Wastewater KW - Technology KW - Nitrate KW - USA, California, San Joaquin Valley KW - Compliance KW - Particulates KW - USA, California, Kesterson Reservoir KW - Teratogenesis KW - Selenium KW - Substrate preferences KW - Sand KW - Denitrification KW - USA, California KW - Flotation KW - Conferences KW - Nitrates KW - Drainage KW - Filters KW - Drainage Water KW - Waste water KW - Wastewater Treatment KW - Side effects KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20712130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Green%2C+F+B%3BLundquist%2C+T+J%3BQuinn%2C+NWT%3BZarate%2C+MA%3BZubieta%2C+I+X%3BOswald%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2002-03-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=1843394464&rft.btitle=Selenium+and+nitrate+removal+from+agricultural+drainage+using+the+AIWPS%2B+technology&rft.title=Selenium+and+nitrate+removal+from+agricultural+drainage+using+the+AIWPS%2B+technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-06-26 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas-phase organics in environmental tobacco smoke. 1. Effects of smoking rate, ventilation, and furnishing level on emission factors. AN - 71563030; 11918006 AB - We measured the emissions of 26 gas-phase organic compounds in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) using a model room that simulates realistic conditions in residences and offices. Exposure-relevant emission factors (EREFs), which include the effects of sorption and re-emission over a 24-h period, were calculated by mass balance from measured compound concentrations and chamber ventilation rates in a 50-m3 room constructed and furnished with typical materials. Experiments were conducted at three smoking rates (5, 10, and 20 cigarettes day(-1)), three ventilation rates (0.3, 0.6, and 2 h(-1)), and three furnishing levels (wallboard with aluminum flooring, wallboard with carpet, and full furnishings). Smoking rate did not affect EREFs, suggesting that sorption was linearly related to gas-phase concentration. Furnishing level and ventilation rate in the model room had little effect on EREFs of several ETS compounds including 1,3-butadiene, acrolein, acrylonitrile, benzene, toluene, and styrene. However, sorptive losses at low ventilation with full furnishings reduced EREFs for the ETS tracers nicotine and 3-ethenylpyridine by as much as 90 and 65% as compared to high ventilation, wallboard/aluminum experiments. Likewise, sorptive losses were 40-70% for phenol, cresols, naphthalene, and methylnaphthalenes. Sorption persisted for many compounds; for example, almost all of the sorbed nicotine and most of the sorbed cresol remained sorbed 3 days after smoking. EREFs can be used in models and with ETS tracer-based methods to refine and improve estimates of exposures to ETS constituents. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Singer, Brett C AU - Hodgson, Alfred T AU - Guevarra, Karla S AU - Hawley, Elisabeth L AU - Nazaroff, William W AD - E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. BCSinger@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/03/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 01 SP - 846 EP - 853 VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Gases KW - 0 KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Adsorption KW - Organic Chemicals -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Ventilation KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis KW - Manufactured Materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71563030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Gas-phase+organics+in+environmental+tobacco+smoke.+1.+Effects+of+smoking+rate%2C+ventilation%2C+and+furnishing+level+on+emission+factors.&rft.au=Singer%2C+Brett+C%3BHodgson%2C+Alfred+T%3BGuevarra%2C+Karla+S%3BHawley%2C+Elisabeth+L%3BNazaroff%2C+William+W&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=846&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-27 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Products of pertechnetate radiolysis in highly alkaline solution: structure of TcO2 x xH2O. AN - 71555184; 11918000 AB - The chemistry of technetium in certain high-level nuclear waste (HLW) tanks at the Hanford Site complicates the treatment and vitrification of HLW. A major problem is the presence, in certain tanks, of unidentified, lower-valent technetium species, which are difficult to remove from the waste by current separation processes. Radiolytic reduction of TcO4- in alkaline solutions containing selected organic compounds, approximating the conditions in HLW, was investigated to determine the classes of compounds that can be formed under these conditions. Insoluble TcO2 x xH2O is the primary radiolysis product with the majority of organic compounds investigated, including citrate, dibutyl phosphate, and aminopolycarboxylates. X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements show that TcO2 x xH2O has a one-dimensional chain structure consisting of edge-sharing TcO6 octahedra with bridging oxide and trans water ligands. When diols, such as ethylene glycol, are present, only soluble, Tc(IV) alkoxide compounds are produced. The XAFS and UV-visible spectra of these compounds provide evidence for a binuclear structure similar to (H2EDTA)2Tc2(mu-O)2. The properties of the Tc(IV) alkoxide complexes were determined and are consistent with those observed for the soluble, lower-valent technetium complexes that complicate the treatment of HLW at the Hanford site. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Lukens, Wayne W AU - Bucher, Jerome I AU - Edelstein, Norman M AU - Shuh, David K AD - Chemical Sciences Division, The Glenn T. Seaborg Center, Ernest O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. WWLukens@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/03/01/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Mar 01 SP - 1124 EP - 1129 VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Radioactive Waste KW - 0 KW - Radiopharmaceuticals KW - Technetium Compounds KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m KW - A0730CX801 KW - Oxygen KW - S88TT14065 KW - Index Medicus KW - Refuse Disposal -- methods KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Oxygen -- chemistry KW - Radiopharmaceuticals -- chemistry KW - Technetium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71555184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Products+of+pertechnetate+radiolysis+in+highly+alkaline+solution%3A+structure+of+TcO2+x+xH2O.&rft.au=Lukens%2C+Wayne+W%3BBucher%2C+Jerome+I%3BEdelstein%2C+Norman+M%3BShuh%2C+David+K&rft.aulast=Lukens&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-08-27 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An efficient parallel-computing method for modeling nonisothermal multiphase flow and multicomponent transport in porous and fractured media AN - 52095602; 2002-049303 JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Ding, Chris AU - Pruess, K AU - Elmroth, E AU - Bodvarsson, G S Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 243 EP - 261 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - three-dimensional models KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - simulation KW - Nye County Nevada KW - ground water KW - transport KW - movement KW - parallel processing KW - multiphase flow KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52095602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=An+efficient+parallel-computing+method+for+modeling+nonisothermal+multiphase+flow+and+multicomponent+transport+in+porous+and+fractured+media&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BZhang%2C+Keni%3BDing%2C+Chris%3BPruess%2C+K%3BElmroth%2C+E%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data processing; fractured materials; ground water; mathematical models; movement; multiphase flow; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; parallel processing; porous materials; simulation; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of gastrointestinal solubilization of petroleum hydrocarbon residues in soil using an in vitro physiologically based model AN - 51830820; 2004-050662 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Holman, Hoi-Ying N AU - Goth-Goldstein, Regine AU - Aston, David AU - Yun, Mao AU - Kengsoontra, Jenny Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 SP - 1281 EP - 1286 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 36 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - contaminant plumes KW - medical geology KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - bioavailability KW - solubility KW - petroleum products KW - human ecology KW - bioaccumulation KW - models KW - absorption KW - organic compounds KW - physiology KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51830820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+gastrointestinal+solubilization+of+petroleum+hydrocarbon+residues+in+soil+using+an+in+vitro+physiologically+based+model&rft.au=Holman%2C+Hoi-Ying+N%3BGoth-Goldstein%2C+Regine%3BAston%2C+David%3BYun%2C+Mao%3BKengsoontra%2C+Jenny&rft.aulast=Holman&rft.aufirst=Hoi-Ying&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; contaminant plumes; human ecology; hydrocarbons; medical geology; models; monitoring; organic compounds; petroleum products; physiology; pollution; risk assessment; soils; solubility; techniques; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An approximate analytical solution for non-Darcy flow toward a well in fractured media AN - 1665487374; 5398603 AB - This paper presents an approximate analytical solution for non-Darcy flow of a slightly compressible fluid through a fractured reservoir. The analytical solution is obtained using the traditional Warren-Root solution superposed on a dimensionless non-Darcy flow coefficient. The model formulation incorporates the Forchheimer equation into the Warren-Root model for describing non-Darcy flow through fractured media. The approximate analytical solution, verified for its accuracy by comparison with numerical solutions, provides a useful tool in analyzing non-Darcy flow in fractured reservoirs for practical applications. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wu, Y-S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2002/03// PY - 2002 DA - March 2002 VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Mathematical Equations KW - Groundwater flow KW - Hydrogeology KW - Model Testing KW - Model Studies KW - Wells (see also Boreholes) KW - Fracturing KW - Wells KW - Geohydrology KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Modelling (Hydrological) KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1665487374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+approximate+analytical+solution+for+non-Darcy+flow+toward+a+well+in+fractured+media&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y-S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Y-S&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000713 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Fracturing; Hydrogeology; Groundwater flow; Modelling (Hydrological); Wells (see also Boreholes); Geologic Fractures; Wells; Mathematical Equations; Geohydrology; Model Testing; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000713 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel Activity of Escherichia coli Mismatch Uracil-DNA Glycosylase (Mug) Excising 8-(Hydroxymethyl)-3,N super(4)-ethenocytosine, a Potential Product Resulting from Glycidaldehyde Reaction AN - 17966255; 5888824 AB - Glycidaldehyde is an industrial chemical which has been shown to be genotoxic in in vitro experiments and carcinogenic in rodent studies. It is a bifunctional alkylating agent capable of reacting with DNA to form exocyclic hydroxymethyl-substituted ethenobases. In this work, 8-(hydroxymethyl)-3,N super(4)-etheno-2'-deoxycytidine (8-HM- epsilon dC), a potential nucleoside derivative of glycidaldehyde, was synthesized using phosphoramidite chemistry and site-specifically incorporated into a defined 25-mer oligodeoxynucleotide. The 8-HM- epsilon C adduct is structurally related to 3,N super(4)-ethenocytosine ( epsilon C), a product of reaction with vinyl chloride or through lipid peroxidation. In Escherichia coli, epsilon C has been shown previously to be a primary substrate for the mismatch uracil-DNA glycosylase (Mug). In this study, we report that the same glycosylase also acts on 8-HM- epsilon C in an oligonucleotide duplex. The enzyme binds to the 8-HM- epsilon C-oligonucleotide to a similar extent as the epsilon C-oligonucleotide. The Mug excision activity toward 8-HM- epsilon C is similar to 2.5-fold lower than that toward the epsilon C substrate. Both activities can be stimulated up to similar to 2-fold higher by the addition of E. coli endonuclease IV. These two adducts, when mispaired with normal bases, were all excised from DNA by Mug with similar efficiencies. Structural studies using molecular simulations showed similar adjustment and hydrogen bonding pattern for both 8-HM- epsilon C times G and epsilon C times G pairs in oligomer duplexes. We believe that these findings may have biological and structural implications in defining the role of 8-HM- epsilon C in glycosylase recognition/repair. JF - Biochemistry (Washington) AU - Hang, B AU - Downing, G AU - Guliaev, AB AU - Singer, B AD - Donner Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2002/02/19/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 19 SP - 2158 EP - 2165 VL - 41 IS - 7 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - glycidaldehyde KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Alkylating agents KW - Hydrogen bonding KW - Adducts KW - DNA glycosylase KW - nucleosides KW - Genotoxicity KW - Escherichia coli KW - Endonuclease KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Vinyl chloride KW - Lipid peroxidation KW - J 02725:DNA UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17966255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Novel+Activity+of+Escherichia+coli+Mismatch+Uracil-DNA+Glycosylase+%28Mug%29+Excising+8-%28Hydroxymethyl%29-3%2CN+super%284%29-ethenocytosine%2C+a+Potential+Product+Resulting+from+Glycidaldehyde+Reaction&rft.au=Hang%2C+B%3BDowning%2C+G%3BGuliaev%2C+AB%3BSinger%2C+B&rft.aulast=Hang&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-02-19&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fbi011542b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Oligonucleotides; DNA glycosylase; Adducts; Lipid peroxidation; Hydrogen bonding; Endonuclease; Alkylating agents; Genotoxicity; nucleosides; Vinyl chloride DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi011542b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observational data and scale-dependent parameterizations: explorations using a virtual hydrological reality AN - 18560830; 5346294 AB - The use of small-scale process descriptions at larger scales has been identified as a major problem in hydrological modelling. An alternative is to use measurements taken at a larger scale, such as remote sensing data, and to develop process descriptions at that scale. A hypothetical catchment area, or 'virtual hydrological reality' dataset has been generated to explore the value of different types of data in model structure and parameter identification. Though only an approximation to the natural responses of the catchment, this virtual reality can be used to explore the use of observational series that would not normally be available. A data-based mechanistic approach was used to model evapotranspiration from 1 km data, as though they were available from remote sensing. The resulting parameterization is of a similar form to an evaporative fraction model. It is an example of the type of parameterization that could be used to describe the land surface, without estimation of effective parameters from small-scale measurements, and avoiding overparameterization. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Bashford, KE AU - Beven, K J AU - Young, P C AD - Hydroclimate and Impacts Research, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, kebashford@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/02/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 15 SP - 293 EP - 312 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Q2 02127:General papers on resources KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18560830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Observational+data+and+scale-dependent+parameterizations%3A+explorations+using+a+virtual+hydrological+reality&rft.au=Bashford%2C+KE%3BBeven%2C+K+J%3BYoung%2C+P+C&rft.aulast=Bashford&rft.aufirst=KE&rft.date=2002-02-15&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.339 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: The Future of Distributed Hydrological Modelling. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.339 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 8-(Hydroxymethyl)-3,N(4)-etheno-C, a potential carcinogenic glycidaldehyde product, miscodes in vitro using mammalian DNA polymerases. AN - 71443409; 11827522 AB - 8-(Hydroxymethyl)-3,N(4)-etheno-C (8-HM-epsilonC) is an exocyclic adduct resulting from the reaction of dC with glycidaldehyde, a mutagen and animal carcinogen. This compound has now been synthesized and its phosphoramidite incorporated site-specifically into a defined 25-mer oligonucleotide. In this study, the mutagenic potential of this adduct in the 25-mer oligonucleotide was investigated in an in vitro primer-template extension assay using four mammalian DNA polymerases. The miscoding potentials were also compared to those of an analogous derivative, 3,N(4)-etheno C (epsilonC), in the same sequence. Both adducts primarily blocked replication by calf thymus DNA polymerase alpha at the modified base, while human polymerase beta catalyzed measurable replication synthesis through both adducts. Nucleotide insertion experiments showed that dA and dC were incorporated by pol beta opposite either adduct, which would result in a C --> T transition or C --> G transversion. Human polymerase eta, a product of the xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XP-V) gene, catalyzed the most efficient bypass of the two lesions with 25% and 32% for 8-HM-epsilonC and epsilonC bypassed after 15 min. Varying amounts of all four bases opposite the modified bases resulted with pol eta. Human polymerase kappa primarily blocked synthesis at the base prior to the adduct. However, some specific misincorporation of dT resulted, forming an epsilonC.T or 8-HM-epsilonC.T pair. From these data, we conclude that the newly synthesized glycidaldehyde-derived adduct, 8-HM-epsilonC, is a miscoding lesion. The bypass efficiency and insertion specificity of 8-HM-epsilonC and epsilonC were similar for all four polymerases tested, which could be attributed to the similar planarity and sugar conformations for these two derivatives as demonstrated by molecular modeling studies. JF - Biochemistry AU - Singer, B AU - Medina, Michael AU - Zhang, Yanbin AU - Wang, Zhigang AU - Guliaev, Anton B AU - Hang, Bo AD - Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2002/02/12/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Feb 12 SP - 1778 EP - 1785 VL - 41 IS - 6 SN - 0006-2960, 0006-2960 KW - 8-(hydroxymethyl)-3,N(4)-ethenocytosine KW - 0 KW - Aldehydes KW - Alkylating Agents KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - Bacteriocins KW - Carcinogens KW - DNA Adducts KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - Peptides KW - mutacin II prepeptide, bacteria KW - Cytosine KW - 8J337D1HZY KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.7 KW - glycinaldehyde KW - KYS59R58SK KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Pairing KW - Base Sequence KW - Models, Molecular KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - DNA -- chemistry KW - Nucleic Acid Conformation KW - DNA Replication -- drug effects KW - Binding Sites KW - DNA Adducts -- toxicity KW - Cytosine -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- chemistry KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- toxicity KW - Cytosine -- analogs & derivatives KW - DNA Adducts -- chemical synthesis KW - Carcinogens -- chemical synthesis KW - Cytosine -- chemical synthesis KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- chemistry KW - Carcinogens -- chemistry KW - Cytosine -- toxicity KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- chemical synthesis KW - DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71443409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=8-%28Hydroxymethyl%29-3%2CN%284%29-etheno-C%2C+a+potential+carcinogenic+glycidaldehyde+product%2C+miscodes+in+vitro+using+mammalian+DNA+polymerases.&rft.au=Singer%2C+B%3BMedina%2C+Michael%3BZhang%2C+Yanbin%3BWang%2C+Zhigang%3BGuliaev%2C+Anton+B%3BHang%2C+Bo&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2002-02-12&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemistry&rft.issn=00062960&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-28 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in mammary glands: regulation by hormones, development and aging. AN - 71538351; 11897499 AB - At present, there is an extensive body of literature documenting the participation of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) in mammary gene expression. Yet, the precise roles of these receptors in regulating mammary development, carcinogenesis and the growth of a subset of tumors still remain unclear. Mammary glands are composed of various cell types with different developmental potentials. Further, ultimately, that it is their mutual interactions which dictate the behavior of mammary epithelial cells. Therefore, to resolve the roles of ER and PR in normal mammary growth, differentiation and carcinogenesis, analyses for the expression of these receptors at the level of individual cell types is of paramount importance. Accordingly, in the present studies using immunolocalization techniques, we document the ontogeny and cellular distribution of ER and PR during mammary development and in response to ovarian hormones and aging. In addition, we discuss the potential biological significances of the expression patterns of ER and PR during various physiological states. We believe that the observations reported here should provide a conceptual framework(s) for elucidating the roles of ER and PR in normal and neoplastic mammary tissues. JF - The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology AU - Shyamala, G AU - Chou, Y-C AU - Louie, S G AU - Guzman, R C AU - Smith, G H AU - Nandi, S AD - Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. shyamala.harris@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 137 EP - 148 VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 0960-0760, 0960-0760 KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Progesterone KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Epithelial Cells -- physiology KW - Epithelial Cells -- cytology KW - Aging KW - Mice KW - Receptors, Progesterone -- genetics KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- genetics KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- cytology KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- metabolism KW - Mammary Glands, Animal -- growth & development KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71538351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+steroid+biochemistry+and+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Cellular+expression+of+estrogen+and+progesterone+receptors+in+mammary+glands%3A+regulation+by+hormones%2C+development+and+aging.&rft.au=Shyamala%2C+G%3BChou%2C+Y-C%3BLouie%2C+S+G%3BGuzman%2C+R+C%3BSmith%2C+G+H%3BNandi%2C+S&rft.aulast=Shyamala&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+steroid+biochemistry+and+molecular+biology&rft.issn=09600760&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-22 N1 - Date created - 2002-03-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace metal fluxes to ferromanganese nodules from the western Baltic Sea as a record for long-term environmental changes AN - 52137024; 2002-021252 AB - Trace element profiles in ferromanganese nodules from the western Baltic Sea were analyzed with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS) and synchrotron-based micro-X-ray radiation techniques (fluorescence: mu SXRF and diffraction: mu XRD) at high spatial resolution in growth direction. Zn showed the only significant enrichment of the trace elements studied (Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni, Co, Mo and Ba), with values in the outermost surface layers of up to sixfold higher than those found in older core parts. The high-resolution Zn profiles provide the necessary temporal resolution for a dating method analogous to dendrochronology. Profiles in various samples collected for two decades were matched, and the overlapping sections were used for an estimation of the accretion rates. Assuming a continuous accretion of these relatively fast-growing nodules (on the average of 20 mu m year (super -1) over the last century), the Zn enrichment was assessed to have commenced around 1860/1870 in nodules from the Kiel Bight (BG) and in 1880/1890 in those from Mecklenburg Bight (MB). Apart from the obvious success with Zn, other anthropogenic trace metals like Cu and Cd are not enriched at all, which, together with the distinct early diagenetic Fe/Mn banding, weaken the potential of the nodules for retrospective monitoring. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Hlawatsch, S AU - Garbe-Schoenberg, C D AU - Lechtenberg, F AU - Manceau, A AU - Tamura, N AU - Kulik, D A AU - Kersten, M Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 697 EP - 709 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 182 IS - 2-4 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - zinc KW - sea water KW - laser methods KW - cobalt KW - copper KW - Mecklenburg KW - nodules KW - mass spectra KW - Europe KW - southwestern Baltic Sea KW - ferromanganese composition KW - geochemical indicators KW - synchrotron radiation KW - barium KW - molybdenum KW - Central Europe KW - cadmium KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - ecology KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - Baltic Sea KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Blinkerhugel Site KW - human activity KW - laser ablation KW - ICP mass spectra KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - natural analogs KW - nickel KW - trace metals KW - North Atlantic KW - Germany KW - Mecklenburg Bay KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52137024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Trace+metal+fluxes+to+ferromanganese+nodules+from+the+western+Baltic+Sea+as+a+record+for+long-term+environmental+changes&rft.au=Hlawatsch%2C+S%3BGarbe-Schoenberg%2C+C+D%3BLechtenberg%2C+F%3BManceau%2C+A%3BTamura%2C+N%3BKulik%2C+D+A%3BKersten%2C+M&rft.aulast=Hlawatsch&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=182&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2801%2900346-1 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; Atlantic Ocean; Baltic Sea; barium; Blinkerhugel Site; cadmium; Central Europe; cobalt; copper; ecology; Europe; ferromanganese composition; geochemical indicators; Germany; human activity; ICP mass spectra; laser ablation; laser methods; marine environment; mass spectra; Mecklenburg; Mecklenburg Bay; metals; molybdenum; natural analogs; nickel; nodules; North Atlantic; sea water; southwestern Baltic Sea; spectra; synchrotron radiation; trace elements; trace metals; X-ray fluorescence spectra; zinc DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00346-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of guided waves between gas wells for reservoir characterization AN - 52129226; 2002-027626 AB - Guided seismic waves can be used to predict continuity and discontinuity of reservoir structures between wells, with the low-velocity beds acting as waveguides. We relate guided-wave signatures to waveguide targets using experimental data acquired at the Stratton gas field in southeast Texas. The observed seismic data indicate the presence of trapped energy in low velocity shale markers between wells 145 and 151. Guided waves in the form of leaky modes are excited, transmitted, and detected in the low-velocity shale markers at a well separation of 1730 ft (527 m). Dispersion analysis, modeling; frequency-amplitude depth curves, well logs, and lithological information all support the results. Specifically, the characterization of two low-velocity shale markers, V2 and V5, demonstrates that V2 is more heterogeneous than V5 between the source well 151 and detector well 145. Finally, images of synthetic and real data show the potential applications of the guided-wave technology as a tool for reservoir characterization. JF - Geophysics AU - Parra, Jorge O AU - Hackert, Chris L AU - Gorody, Anthony W AU - Korneev, Valeri Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 38 EP - 49 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 67 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - petroleum exploration KW - petroleum engineering KW - technology KW - geophysical surveys KW - well-logging KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - discontinuities KW - algorithms KW - body waves KW - Kleberg County Texas KW - geophysical methods KW - Texas KW - Stratton Field KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - depth KW - seismic methods KW - velocity structure KW - surveys KW - reservoir properties KW - unconformities KW - seismic waves KW - Nueces County Texas KW - S-waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52129226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Detection+of+guided+waves+between+gas+wells+for+reservoir+characterization&rft.au=Parra%2C+Jorge+O%3BHackert%2C+Chris+L%3BGorody%2C+Anthony+W%3BKorneev%2C+Valeri&rft.aulast=Parra&rft.aufirst=Jorge&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1451322 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; body waves; depth; discontinuities; elastic waves; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Gulf Coastal Plain; Kleberg County Texas; Nueces County Texas; oil and gas fields; petroleum; petroleum engineering; petroleum exploration; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; Stratton Field; surveys; technology; Texas; unconformities; United States; velocity structure; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1451322 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electromagnetic traveltime tomography using an approximate wavefield transform AN - 52127411; 2002-027630 AB - We present an imaging scheme for mapping cross-hole electrical conductivity using nonlinear traveltime tomography. Data used are peak arrival time estimates based on an approximate wavefield transform of the synthetic frequency-domain electromagnetic (EM) field. Direct transformation of frequency-domain EM fields to wavefields is known to be an ill-posed problem because the kernel of integral transform is highly damped. In this study, instead of solving such an unstable problem, we approximate the wavefield in the transformed domain via a ray series expansion. If reflected and refracted energy is weak compared to that of direct wave, picking of the peak arrival time may be reduced to estimating the coefficients of the leading term in the ray series expansion. This simplification is valid when the conductivity contrast between background medium and the target anomalous body is small. The first three terms in the expansion are identical to the closed-form solution for the vertical magnetic field caused by a vertical magnetic dipole source in a homogeneous whole-space. An adaptive simulated annealing scheme is used to estimate the coefficients of ray series. For a whole-space, exact travel-time can be extracted using only four frequency samples in our approach, whereas the direct numerical wavefield transform needed at least ten frequencies to construct a reasonable waveform. Nonlinear traveltime tomography using thusly-extracted peak arrivals from synthetic data shows a reasonable image of the conductivity structure between boreholes. JF - Geophysics AU - Lee, Tae Jong AU - Suh, Jung Hee AU - Kim, Hee Joon AU - Song, Yoonho AU - Lee, Ki Ha Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 68 EP - 76 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 67 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - tomography KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - elastic waves KW - wave fields KW - layered materials KW - depth KW - two-dimensional models KW - dip KW - conductivity KW - boreholes KW - mathematical methods KW - traveltime KW - electromagnetic methods KW - thickness KW - algorithms KW - accuracy KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52127411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Electromagnetic+traveltime+tomography+using+an+approximate+wavefield+transform&rft.au=Lee%2C+Tae+Jong%3BSuh%2C+Jung+Hee%3BKim%2C+Hee+Joon%3BSong%2C+Yoonho%3BLee%2C+Ki+Ha&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Tae&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1451344 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-05-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; algorithms; boreholes; conductivity; data processing; depth; dip; elastic waves; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; layered materials; mathematical methods; thickness; tomography; traveltime; two-dimensional models; wave fields DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1451344 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic stabilization of heat-generating liquid waste plume in a sloping aquifer AN - 52119951; 2002-018195 AB - Contaminant transport by groundwater in a sloping aquifer is considered in the case when contaminant plume has a salinity (and density) different from that of the groundwater, and is heat generating. Forced convection is present due to regional groundwater flow and natural convection is also expected to develop due to concentration differences and thermal changes. Such a situation takes place in deep-well disposal of liquid radioactive waste, in which the heat generation is caused by the radioactive decay. Flow and contaminant transport in the aquifer were calculated in 2D approximation in the plane of the aquifer, and the process of heat conduction in confining rocks was described by a 3D model. The set of equations governing flow, heat and mass transfer in the system was solved numerically with use of finite differences technique. Accuracy of numerical solution was checked by comparison with an original analytical solution of the flow problem for concentration-driven convection. It was shown that the influence of the natural convection component could cause acceleration as well as slowing down of the contaminant plume movement depending on system parameters. Results of numerical solution were approximated by a dimensionless analytical expression, which can be used for estimation of the relative impact of different driving forces exerting influence on the contaminant plume movement. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Malkovsky, V I AU - Pek, A A AU - Tsang, C F Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 SP - 69 EP - 82 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 258 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - stabilization KW - numerical models KW - contaminant plumes KW - three-dimensional models KW - thermal conductivity KW - slopes KW - pollution KW - salinity KW - convection KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - liquid waste KW - dynamics KW - theoretical models KW - hydrodynamics KW - heat transfer KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52119951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Dynamic+stabilization+of+heat-generating+liquid+waste+plume+in+a+sloping+aquifer&rft.au=Malkovsky%2C+V+I%3BPek%2C+A+A%3BTsang%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Malkovsky&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=258&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; contaminant plumes; convection; dynamics; ground water; heat transfer; hydrodynamics; liquid waste; numerical models; pollution; salinity; slopes; stabilization; theoretical models; thermal conductivity; three-dimensional models; transport; two-dimensional models; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electromagnetic impedance measurements in the 0.3-30 MHz range AN - 50884618; 2005-046473 JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Frangos, William AU - Becker, Alex AU - Lee, K H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - February 2002 EP - 13EEM7 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 2002 KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - radar methods KW - mathematical models KW - Richmond California KW - resistivity KW - measurement KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - Schlumberger methods KW - California KW - dielectric properties KW - sounding KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - Contra Costa County California KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - impedance KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50884618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Electromagnetic+impedance+measurements+in+the+0.3-30+MHz+range&rft.au=Frangos%2C+William%3BBecker%2C+Alex%3BLee%2C+K+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Frangos&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=2002&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on The application of geophysics to environmental and engineering problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; California; Contra Costa County California; dielectric properties; electrical methods; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground-penetrating radar; impedance; instruments; magnetotelluric methods; mathematical models; measurement; radar methods; resistivity; Richmond California; Schlumberger methods; sounding; surveys; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystal Structure of MJ1247 Protein from M. jannaschii at 2.0 Angstrom Resolution Infers a Molecular Function of 3-Hexulose-6-Phosphate Isomerase AN - 18407129; 5394310 AB - The crystal structure of the hypothetical protein MJ1247 from Methanococcus jannaschii at 2 AngstromA resolution, a detailed sequence analysis, and biochemical assays infer its molecular function to be 3-hexulose-6-phosphate isomerase (PHI). In the dissimilatory ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) cycle, ribulose-5-phosphate is coupled to formaldehyde by the 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase (HPS), yielding hexulose-6-phosphate, which is then isomerized to fructose-6-phosphate by the enzyme 3-hexulose-6-phosphate isomerase. MJ1247 is an alpha / beta structure consisting of a five-stranded parallel beta sheet flanked on both sides by alpha helices, forming a three-layered alpha - beta - alpha sandwich. The fold represents the nucleotide binding motif of a flavodoxin type. MJ1247 is a tetramer in the crystal and in solution and each monomer has a folding similar to the isomerase domain of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlmS). JF - Structure AU - Martinez-Cruz, LA AU - Dreyer, M K AU - Boisvert, D C AU - Yokota, H AU - Martinez-Chantar, M L AU - Kim, R AU - Kim, S-H AD - Physical Biosciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA, shkim@cchem.berkeley.edu Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 195 EP - 204 VL - 10 IS - 2 KW - 3-hexulose-6-phosphate isomerase KW - 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase KW - flavodoxin KW - fructose-6-phosphate KW - glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase KW - hexulose-6-phosphate KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18407129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Structure&rft.atitle=Crystal+Structure+of+MJ1247+Protein+from+M.+jannaschii+at+2.0+Angstrom+Resolution+Infers+a+Molecular+Function+of+3-Hexulose-6-Phosphate+Isomerase&rft.au=Martinez-Cruz%2C+LA%3BDreyer%2C+M+K%3BBoisvert%2C+D+C%3BYokota%2C+H%3BMartinez-Chantar%2C+M+L%3BKim%2C+R%3BKim%2C+S-H&rft.aulast=Martinez-Cruz&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Structure&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Whole genome amplification - applications and advances AN - 18372352; 5349259 AB - The concept of whole genome amplification is something that has arisen in the past few years as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been adapted to replicate regions of genomes that are of biological interest. The applications are many - forensic science, embryonic disease diagnosis, bioterrorism genome detection, 'immortalization' of clinical samples, microbial diversity, and genotyping. Several recent papers suggest that whole genomes can be replicated without bias or non-random distribution of the target, these findings open up a new avenue to molecular biology. JF - Current Opinion in Biotechnology AU - Hawkins, T L AU - Detter, J C AU - Richardson, P M AD - US DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA, tlhawkins@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 65 EP - 67 VL - 13 IS - 1 SN - 0958-1669, 0958-1669 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W4 240:Bioterrorism & Biological Warfare KW - W2 32000:General topics and reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18372352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Whole+genome+amplification+-+applications+and+advances&rft.au=Hawkins%2C+T+L%3BDetter%2C+J+C%3BRichardson%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Hawkins&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=09581669&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of flow and transport processes within the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, under current and future climates AN - 16131580; 5345960 AB - This paper presents a large-scale modeling study characterizing fluid flow and tracer transport in the unsaturated zone of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a potential repository site for storing high-level radioactive waste. The study has been conducted using a three-dimensional numerical model, which incorporates a wide variety of field data and takes into account the coupled processes of flow and transport in the highly heterogeneous, unsaturated fractured porous rock. The modeling approach is based on a dual-continuum formulation of coupled multiphase fluid and tracer transport through fractured porous rock. Various scenarios of current and future climate conditions and their effects on the unsaturated zone are evaluated to aid in the assessment of the proposed repository's system performance using different conceptual models. These models are calibrated against field-measured data. Model-predicted flow and transport processes under current and future climates are discussed. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Zhang, W AU - Bodvarsson, G S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, yswu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/02// PY - 2002 DA - Feb 2002 SP - 215 EP - 247 VL - 54 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Groundwater hydrology KW - Waste Management KW - USA, Nevada KW - Waste management KW - Tracers KW - Radioactive waste disposal underground KW - Unsaturated Flow KW - Hydrology KW - Waste disposal KW - Porous media KW - Hydrologic models KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Mathematical models KW - Porous Media KW - Tracer techniques in hydrology KW - Groundwater flow KW - Climate KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Saturation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Climate and hydrology KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Hazardous wastes KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - M2 556.3:Groundwater Hydrology (556.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16131580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+flow+and+transport+processes+within+the+unsaturated+zone+of+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada%2C+under+current+and+future+climates&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BPan%2C+Lehua%3BZhang%2C+W%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2002-02-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radioactive waste disposal underground; Groundwater hydrology; Tracer techniques in hydrology; Groundwater pollution; Climate and hydrology; Hydrologic models; Tracers; Mathematical models; Climate; Radioactive wastes; Hydrology; Waste disposal; Hazardous wastes; Groundwater flow; Saturation; Porous media; Waste management; Radioactive Wastes; Porous Media; Waste Management; Unsaturated Flow; Groundwater Movement; USA, Nevada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression and regulation of Cyr61 in human breast cancer cell lines. AN - 71482405; 11840342 AB - We have shown that Cyr61, an angiogenic regulator, is overexpressed in invasive and metastatic human breast cancer cells and tumor biopsies. We have further demonstrated that Cyr61 promotes acquisition of estrogen-independence and anti-estrogen resistance in vivo in breast cancer cells. Moreover, we have demonstrated that Cyr61 induces tumor formation and tumor vascularization in vivo, events mediated through the activation of the MAPK and the Akt signaling pathways. Here we investigate how Cyr61 expression is regulated in both estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-negative breast cancer cells. We demonstrate that Cyr61 mRNA and protein expression is inducible by estrogen and anti-estrogens in ER-positive breast cancer cells. We show that a labile protein as well as a negative regulator might be involved in Cyr61 expression in estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells. Other important regulators of Cyr61 expression in breast cancer cells that we found are the phorbol ester TPA, vitamin D, and retinoic acid. TPA causes positive regulation of Cyr61 expression in ER-positive MCF-7 cells. Vitamin D induces a transient stimulatory effect on Cyr61 gene expression. Lastly, retinoic acid has a negative effect on Cyr61 expression and downregulates its expression in MCF-7 cells. Interestingly, most of these effects are not seen in aggressive breast cancer cells that do not express ER and express high levels of Cyr61, such as the MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results are in agreement with our knowledge that Cyr61 promotes tumor growth, and that tumor-promoting agents have a positive impact on cells that express low levels of Cyr61, such as the ER-positive breast cancer cells; however, these agents have no significant effect on cells that express high levels of Cyr61. Our findings suggest an association between increased Cyr61 expression and an aggressive phenotype of breast cancer cells. JF - Oncogene AU - Tsai, Miaw-Sheue AU - Bogart, Daphne F AU - Li, Patricia AU - Mehmi, Inderjit AU - Lupu, Ruth AD - Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2002/01/31/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 31 SP - 964 EP - 973 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0950-9232, 0950-9232 KW - CYR61 protein, human KW - 0 KW - Cysteine-Rich Protein 61 KW - Estrogen Receptor Modulators KW - Estrogens KW - Growth Substances KW - Immediate-Early Proteins KW - Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - RNA, Neoplasm KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators KW - Tamoxifen KW - 094ZI81Y45 KW - fulvestrant KW - 22X328QOC4 KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Calcitriol KW - FXC9231JVH KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - RNA, Neoplasm -- biosynthesis KW - Tretinoin -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Drug Resistance KW - Transcriptional Activation -- drug effects KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Genes, Immediate-Early KW - Calcitriol -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Phenotype KW - Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- pathology KW - Estrogen Receptor Modulators -- pharmacology KW - Tamoxifen -- pharmacology KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured -- metabolism KW - Active Transport, Cell Nucleus -- drug effects KW - Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent -- pathology KW - Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators -- pharmacology KW - RNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Transfection KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent -- genetics KW - Female KW - Breast Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Adenocarcinoma -- metabolism KW - Growth Substances -- genetics KW - Estradiol -- pharmacology KW - Breast Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Adenocarcinoma -- genetics KW - Immediate-Early Proteins -- physiology KW - Neoplasm Invasiveness -- genetics KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- physiology KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- drug effects KW - Growth Substances -- physiology KW - Adenocarcinoma -- pathology KW - Immediate-Early Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Estradiol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Immediate-Early Proteins -- genetics KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- physiology KW - Breast Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- genetics KW - Growth Substances -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71482405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oncogene&rft.atitle=Expression+and+regulation+of+Cyr61+in+human+breast+cancer+cell+lines.&rft.au=Tsai%2C+Miaw-Sheue%3BBogart%2C+Daphne+F%3BLi%2C+Patricia%3BMehmi%2C+Inderjit%3BLupu%2C+Ruth&rft.aulast=Tsai&rft.aufirst=Miaw-Sheue&rft.date=2002-01-31&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=964&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oncogene&rft.issn=09509232&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-03-05 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor Particulate Matter of Outdoor Origin: Importance of Size-Dependent Removal Mechanisms AN - 18318585; 5361535 AB - Adverse human health effects have been observed to correlate with levels of outdoor particulate matter (PM), even though most human exposure to PM of outdoor origin occurs indoors. In this study, we apply a model and empirical data to explore the indoor PM levels of outdoor origin for two major building types: offices and residences. Typical ventilation rates for each building type are obtained from the literature. Published data are combined with theoretical analyses to develop representative particle penetration coefficients, deposition loss rates, and ventilation-system filter efficiencies for a broad particle size range (i.e., 0.001-10 mu m). We apply archetypal outdoor number, surface area, and mass PM size distributions for both urban and rural airsheds. We also use data on mass-weighted size distributions for specific chemical constituents of PM: sulfate and elemental carbon. Predictions of the size-resolved indoor proportion of outdoor particles (IPOP) for various conditions and ambient particle distributions are then computed. The IPOP depends strongly on the ambient particle size distribution, building type and operational parameters, and PM metric. We conclude that an accurate determination of exposure to particles of ambient origin requires explicit consideration of how removal processes in buildings vary with particle size. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Riley, W J AU - McKone, TE AU - Lai, ACK AU - Nazaroff, W W AD - Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, wjriley@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/01/15/ PY - 2002 DA - 2002 Jan 15 SP - 200 EP - 207 VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Ventilation KW - Particulates KW - Public health KW - Particle size KW - Filters KW - Indoor environments KW - H 3000:Environment and Ecology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18318585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Indoor+Particulate+Matter+of+Outdoor+Origin%3A+Importance+of+Size-Dependent+Removal+Mechanisms&rft.au=Riley%2C+W+J%3BMcKone%2C+TE%3BLai%2C+ACK%3BNazaroff%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-01-15&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indoor environments; Particulates; Particle size; Ventilation; Filters; Public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liquid-release tests in unsaturated fractured welded tuffs; I, Field investigations AN - 52146006; 2002-011223 AB - Wetting-front movement, flow-field evolution, and drainage of fracture flow paths were evaluated within the Topopah Spring welded tuff at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Equipment and techniques were developed for in situ quantification of formation intake rates, flow velocities, seepage rates, and volumes of fracture flow paths. Localized injections of liquid into a low-permeability zone (LPZ) and a high-permeability zone (HPZ) along a borehole were detected in two boreholes below the point of injection. For the LPZ tests, water did not seep into an excavated slot that defined the lower boundary of the test bed, and the liquid-intake rate under constant-head conditions was observed to steadily decrease by two orders of magnitude. In the HPZ, liquid-intake rates under constant-head conditions were significantly higher and did not exhibit a strong systematic decline. HPZ tests were also conducted under a range of constant-flow conditions. Slot seepage rates showed intermittent responses and the percentage of injected water recovered in the slot increased as each test progressed. A maximum of 80% of the injected water was recovered during high-rate injection tests. The flow path volumes were found to increase during the course of each HPZ test. The data collected during these field tests has provided useful information for developing an understanding of liquid flow in unsaturated fractured welded tuff. It has also provided a basis for quantitative comparisons with numerical simulations of liquid-release experiments, as demonstrated in a companion paper [J. Hydrol. 256 (2002)]. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Wang, Joseph S Y AU - Doughty, Christine Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 60 EP - 79 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 256 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - seepage KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Nevada Test Site KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - liquid release tests KW - hydrodynamics KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - high-level waste KW - welded tuff KW - Nye County Nevada KW - pyroclastics KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52146006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Liquid-release+tests+in+unsaturated+fractured+welded+tuffs%3B+I%2C+Field+investigations&rft.au=Salve%2C+Rohit%3BWang%2C+Joseph+S+Y%3BDoughty%2C+Christine&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=Rohit&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=256&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to Part 2 see Doughty, Christine, et al., J. Hydrol., Vol. 256, 80-105, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - field studies; fluid injection; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; high-level waste; hydrodynamics; igneous rocks; liquid release tests; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; Nye County Nevada; preferential flow; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; seepage; site exploration; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Massively parallel simulation of flow and transport in variably saturated porous and fractured media AN - 52065306; 2002-066933 JF - Developments in Water Science AU - Wu, Yu-Shu AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Pruess, Karsten A2 - Hassanizadeh, S. Majid A2 - Schotting, Ruud J. A2 - Gray, William G. A2 - Pinder, George F. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 289 EP - 296 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam-Oxford-New York VL - 47, Vol. 1 SN - 0167-5648, 0167-5648 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - isotopes KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - variations KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Nevada Test Site KW - saturated zone KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - tracers KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - Nye County Nevada KW - case studies KW - mathematical methods KW - parallel processing KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52065306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developments+in+Water+Science&rft.atitle=Massively+parallel+simulation+of+flow+and+transport+in+variably+saturated+porous+and+fractured+media&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu%3BZhang%2C+Keni%3BPruess%2C+Karsten&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=47%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=0444509755&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developments+in+Water+Science&rft.issn=01675648&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookseriesdescription.cws_home/BS_DWS/description LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - XIVth international conference on Computational methods in water resources (CMWR XIV) N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; data processing; digital simulation; fractured materials; ground water; isotopes; mathematical methods; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; parallel processing; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; saturated zone; three-dimensional models; tracers; transport; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; variations; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SGILD EM modeling and inversion in geophysics and nano-physics using magnetic field equations AN - 52025272; 2003-012047 JF - Methods in Geochemistry and Geophysics AU - Xie, Ganquan AU - Li, Jianhua AU - Lin, Chienchang A2 - Zhdanov, Michael S. A2 - Wannamaker, Philip E. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 193 EP - 213 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 35 SN - 0076-6895, 0076-6895 KW - Galerkin method KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - mathematical models KW - inverse problem KW - equations KW - magnetic field KW - mathematical methods KW - SGILD algorithm KW - electromagnetic methods KW - probability KW - applications KW - algorithms KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52025272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Methods+in+Geochemistry+and+Geophysics&rft.atitle=SGILD+EM+modeling+and+inversion+in+geophysics+and+nano-physics+using+magnetic+field+equations&rft.au=Xie%2C+Ganquan%3BLi%2C+Jianhua%3BLin%2C+Chienchang&rft.aulast=Xie&rft.aufirst=Ganquan&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Methods+in+Geochemistry+and+Geophysics&rft.issn=00766895&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookseriesdescription.cws_home/BS_MGG/description LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Three-dimensional electromagnetics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MGEGAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; applications; electromagnetic methods; equations; Galerkin method; geophysical methods; inverse problem; magnetic field; mathematical methods; mathematical models; numerical models; probability; SGILD algorithm; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional magnetotelluric modeling and inversion; application to sub-salt imaging AN - 52023441; 2003-012044 JF - Methods in Geochemistry and Geophysics AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Alumbaugh, David L A2 - Zhdanov, Michael S. A2 - Wannamaker, Philip E. Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 127 EP - 152 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 35 SN - 0076-6895, 0076-6895 KW - petroleum exploration KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - apparent resistivity KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - mathematical models KW - inverse problem KW - evaporites KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - sedimentary rocks KW - applications KW - image analysis KW - salt KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52023441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Methods+in+Geochemistry+and+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+magnetotelluric+modeling+and+inversion%3B+application+to+sub-salt+imaging&rft.au=Newman%2C+Gregory+A%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BAlumbaugh%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Methods+in+Geochemistry+and+Geophysics&rft.issn=00766895&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookseriesdescription.cws_home/BS_MGG/description LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Three-dimensional electromagnetics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MGEGAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - apparent resistivity; applications; chemically precipitated rocks; evaporites; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; image analysis; inverse problem; magnetotelluric methods; mathematical models; numerical models; petroleum; petroleum exploration; salt; sedimentary rocks; statistical analysis; three-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging of crosshole laboratory data using visco-acoustic waveform inversion and reverse-time imaging AN - 52005449; 2003-028639 AB - The quest to extract rock properties from seismic images has resulted in a growing interest in full waveform inversion and imaging. This study applies frequency-domain visco-acoustic waveform inversion and reverse-time imaging to synthetic and laboratory data. The laboratory data for a crosshole configuration is obtained with a two-axes computer-controlled scanning system. Broadband 200 kHz data is obtained using a piezofilm source and detector in a water tank with suspended acrylic bars. The velocity image produced by the waveform inversion has a higher resolution and more precisely determines the location of the acrylic bars compared to the traveltime tomography image. The Q imaging has poorer resolution and is less reliable than the velocity imaging. The reverse-time imaging of scattered waves can image the bars as well as the water surface. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Watanabe, Toshiki AU - Nihei, Kurt T AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Myer, Larry R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 870 EP - 873 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 72 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - imagery KW - experimental studies KW - acoustical properties KW - crosshole methods KW - viscous materials KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - waveforms KW - physical models KW - frequency domain analysis KW - seismic methods KW - laboratory studies KW - attenuation KW - Q KW - viscosity KW - velocity KW - acoustical waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52005449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Imaging+of+crosshole+laboratory+data+using+visco-acoustic+waveform+inversion+and+reverse-time+imaging&rft.au=Watanabe%2C+Toshiki%3BNihei%2C+Kurt+T%3BNakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BMyer%2C+Larry+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Watanabe&rft.aufirst=Toshiki&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=870&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 72nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical properties; acoustical waves; attenuation; crosshole methods; experimental studies; frequency domain analysis; geophysical methods; imagery; inverse problem; laboratory studies; physical models; Q; seismic methods; velocity; viscosity; viscous materials; waveforms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of high resolution crosswell radar and seismic for mapping flow in the vadose zone AN - 52003266; 2003-028789 AB - Geophysical imaging in the vadose zone poses unique issues. Groundwater contamination at DOE's Hanford, Washington site needs optimal imaging because extremely high drilling costs make direct characterization quite expensive. We conducted seismic and radar crosswell experiments to help answer basic questions about high resolution geophysical characterization. We acquired time lapse surveys during controlled injections of river water and saline solution. Radar imaging of dielectric changes delineated geological layers and moisture movement with 0.25 m resolution. Seismic velocity measurements delineated lithology at 0.25 m resolution with sensitivity to porosity and density changes in sediments and penetration of over 20 m using two sources of different bandwidths. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Peterson, John E AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 1460 EP - 1463 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 72 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - United States KW - high-resolution methods KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - geophysical surveys KW - pollutants KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - seismic methods KW - ground water KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - unconsolidated materials KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52003266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Application+of+high+resolution+crosswell+radar+and+seismic+for+mapping+flow+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Majer%2C+Ernest+L%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BPeterson%2C+John+E%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Majer&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 72nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crosshole methods; electromagnetic methods; experimental studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; Hanford Site; high-resolution methods; pollutants; pollution; radar methods; seismic methods; surveys; unconsolidated materials; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Animated molecular dynamics simulations of hydrated caesium-smectite interlayers AN - 52002534; 2003-025630 AB - Computer animation of center of mass coordinates obtained from 800 ps molecular dynamics simulations of Cs-smectite hydrates (1/3 and 2/3 water monolayers) provided information concerning the structure and dynamics of the interlayer region that could not be obtained through traditional simulation analysis methods. Cs (super +) formed inner sphere complexes with the mineral surface, and could be seen to jump from one attracting location near a layer charge site to the next, while water molecules were observed to migrate from the hydration shell of one ion to that of another. Neighboring ions maintained a partial hydration shell by sharing water molecules, such that a single water molecule hydrated two ions simultaneously for hundreds of picoseconds. Cs-montmorillonite hydrates featured the largest extent of this sharing interaction, because interlayer ions were able to inhabit positions near surface cavities as well as at their edges, close to oxygen triads. The greater positional freedom of Cs (super +) within the montmorillonite interlayer, a result of structural hydroxyl orientation and low tetrahedral charge, promoted the optimization of distances between cations and water molecules required for water sharing. Preference of Cs (super +) for locations near oxygen triads was observed within interlayer beidellite and hectorite. Water molecules also could be seen to interact directly with the mineral surface, entering its surface cavities to approach attracting charge sites and structural hydroxyls. With increasing water content, water molecules exhibited increased frequency and duration of both cavity habitation and water sharing interactions. Competition between Cs (super +) and water molecules for surface sites was evident. These important cooperative and competitive features of interlayer molecular behavior were uniquely revealed by animation of an otherwise highly complex simulation output. JF - Geochemical Transactions AU - Sutton, Rebecca AU - Sposito, Garrison Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 73 EP - 80 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Division of Geochemistry VL - 3 IS - 10 SN - 1467-4866, 1467-4866 KW - silicates KW - mineral interlayer KW - hydrates KW - data processing KW - alkali metals KW - smectite KW - crystal structure KW - ions KW - clay minerals KW - cesium KW - metals KW - digital simulation KW - computer animation KW - sheet silicates KW - molecular dynamics KW - montmorillonite KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52002534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemical+Transactions&rft.atitle=Animated+molecular+dynamics+simulations+of+hydrated+caesium-smectite+interlayers&rft.au=Sutton%2C+Rebecca%3BSposito%2C+Garrison&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemical+Transactions&rft.issn=14674866&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fb204973m L2 - http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/Journals/GT/Index.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Jan. 23, 2003 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; cesium; clay minerals; computer animation; crystal structure; data processing; digital simulation; hydrates; ions; metals; mineral interlayer; molecular dynamics; montmorillonite; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b204973m ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2.5 dimensional GILD electromagnetic modeling and applications AN - 52001128; 2003-028592 AB - In this paper, we present a 2.5 dimensional electromagnetic (EM) modeling using the Global Integral and Local Differential (GILD) method. We derived the 2.5 dimension boundary integral-differential equation for the magnetic field. We construct the 2.5D GILD EM scheme and developed the 2.5D GILD EM modeling programs. The collocation finite element method (FEM) was used to discretize the new EM boundary integral-differential equation, and the Galerkin FEM to discretize the internal domain EM differential equation. The boundary FEM equations and the domain FEM equations are coupled into the completed GILD equation system. A new parallel decomposition from the internal domain to the boundary can be used to solve the 2.5D EM equation. The simulation tests show that the 2.5D GILD EM modeling is fast and accurate. The parallel 2.5D GILD EM code is high performance. An interesting GILD phenomenon is presented. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Li, Jianhua AU - Xie, Ganquan AU - Lin, C C AU - Liu, Jiaqi AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 692 EP - 695 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 72 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - GILD method KW - finite element analysis KW - numerical models KW - Global Integral and Local Differential method KW - digital simulation KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - data processing KW - two-and-a-half-dimensional models KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52001128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=2.5+dimensional+GILD+electromagnetic+modeling+and+applications&rft.au=Li%2C+Jianhua%3BXie%2C+Ganquan%3BLin%2C+C+C%3BLiu%2C+Jiaqi%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Jianhua&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=692&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 72nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data processing; digital simulation; electromagnetic methods; finite element analysis; geophysical methods; GILD method; Global Integral and Local Differential method; numerical models; statistical analysis; two-and-a-half-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finite difference modeling of seismic wave interactions with discrete, finite length fractures AN - 52000983; 2003-030652 AB - The performance of the Coates and Schoenberg (1995) equivalent anisotropic cell approach for modeling discrete fractures in a standard O(2,4) time-space staggered grid finite difference code is examined for compliant, finite length fractures. The results of this numerical study demonstrate that fractures of high compliance require finer meshing (dl or =250 degrees C, using a variety of gas geothermometers. An MT-TDEM survey was completed in 2001-2002 by Geotermica del Norte (SDN), an ENAP-CODELCO partnership, to explore the Apacheta geothermal concession. The survey results indicated that base of the low resistivity clay cap has a structural apex just west of the fumaroles, a pattern typically associated with shallow permeability within a high temperature geothermal resource. SGN plans to drill at least one exploration well in 2002-03 to characterize a possible economic resource at Apacheta. JF - Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council AU - Urzua, Luis AU - Powell, Tom AU - Cumming, William B AU - Dobson, Patrick AU - Bloomquist, R Gordon Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 65 EP - 69 PB - GRC - Geothermal Resources Council, Davis, CA VL - 26 SN - 0193-5933, 0193-5933 KW - alteration KW - geologic thermometry KW - oxygen KW - geophysical surveys KW - isotopes KW - fumaroles KW - Chile KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - Apacheta Prospect KW - potential deposits KW - Cerro Apacheta KW - northern Chile KW - isotope ratios KW - geophysical methods KW - O-18/O-16 KW - resistivity KW - geothermal energy KW - South America KW - geothermal exploration KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - volcanoes KW - surveys KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51139165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.atitle=Apacheta%2C+a+new+geothermal+prospect+in+northern+Chile&rft.au=Urzua%2C+Luis%3BPowell%2C+Tom%3BCumming%2C+William+B%3BDobson%2C+Patrick%3BBloomquist%2C+R+Gordon&rft.aulast=Urzua&rft.aufirst=Luis&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=0934412863&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.issn=01935933&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geothermal Resources Council 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, 1 table, sect. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; Apacheta Prospect; Cerro Apacheta; Chile; D/H; fumaroles; geologic thermometry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; geothermal energy; geothermal exploration; hydrogen; isotope ratios; isotopes; magnetotelluric methods; northern Chile; O-18/O-16; oxygen; permeability; potential deposits; resistivity; South America; stable isotopes; surveys; temperature; volcanoes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient imaging of single-hole electromagnetic data AN - 51136827; 2005-009630 AB - The extended Born, or localized nonlinear (LN) approximation, of integral equation (IE) solution has been applied to inverting single-hole electromagnetic (EM) data for characterizing and monitoring of geothermal reservoirs. The extended Born approximation is less accurate than a full solution but much superior to the simple Born approximation. When applied to the cylindrically symmetric model with a vertical magnetic dipole source, however, the accuracy of the extended Born approximation works better because the electric field is scalar and continuous everywhere. One of the most important steps in the inversion is the selection of a proper regularization parameter for stability. The extended Born solution provides an efficient means for selecting an optimum regularization parameter, because the Green's functions, the most time consuming part in IE methods, are repeatedly re-usable at each iteration. In addition, the IE formulation readily contains a sensitivity matrix, which can be revised at each iteration at little expense. In this paper we show inversion results using synthetic and field data. The result from field data is compared with that of a 3-D inversion scheme. JF - Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council AU - Lee, Ki Ha AU - Kim, Hee Joon AU - Wilt, Mike AU - Bloomquist, R Gordon Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 399 EP - 404 PB - GRC - Geothermal Resources Council, Davis, CA VL - 26 SN - 0193-5933, 0193-5933 KW - Maxwell equations KW - high-resolution methods KW - imagery KW - mathematical methods KW - geophysical methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - data processing KW - inverse problem KW - Born approximation KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51136827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.atitle=Efficient+imaging+of+single-hole+electromagnetic+data&rft.au=Lee%2C+Ki+Ha%3BKim%2C+Hee+Joon%3BWilt%2C+Mike%3BBloomquist%2C+R+Gordon&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Ki&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=0934412863&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+-+Geothermal+Resources+Council&rft.issn=01935933&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geothermal Resources Council 2002 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Born approximation; data processing; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; high-resolution methods; imagery; inverse problem; mathematical methods; Maxwell equations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory studies of shock-induced amino acid polymerization and implications for extraterrestrial delivery and impact-generated production of biomolecules AN - 50401798; 2009-065746 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Blank, J G AU - Knize, M G AU - Nakafuji, Glen AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 EP - Abstract 2075 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 33 KW - experimental studies KW - shock waves KW - Earth KW - astrobiology KW - polymerization KW - aqueous solutions KW - impacts KW - simulation KW - life origin KW - light-gas gun KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - comets KW - hypervelocity impacts KW - amino acids KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50401798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Laboratory+studies+of+shock-induced+amino+acid+polymerization+and+implications+for+extraterrestrial+delivery+and+impact-generated+production+of+biomolecules&rft.au=Blank%2C+J+G%3BKnize%2C+M+G%3BNakafuji%2C+Glen%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blank&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2002/pdf/2075.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-third lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amino acids; aqueous solutions; astrobiology; comets; Earth; experimental studies; hypervelocity impacts; impacts; laboratory studies; life origin; light-gas gun; organic acids; organic compounds; polymerization; shock waves; simulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemistry and valency spectra of chromite in SNC meteorites AN - 50369074; 2009-069662 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Bridges, J C AU - Schofield, P F AU - Smith, A D AU - Scholl, A AU - Grady, M M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 EP - Abstract 1695 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 33 KW - stony meteorites KW - Martian meteorites KW - DaG 476 KW - chassignite KW - mantle KW - Elephant Moraine Meteorites KW - melts KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - ferric iron KW - EETA 79001 KW - Dar al Gani Meteorites KW - oxygen fugacity KW - aluminum KW - SaU 005 KW - oxides KW - Sayh al Uhaymir Meteorites KW - X-ray photoemission electron microscopy KW - valency KW - spectra KW - ALH 84001 KW - chemical composition KW - chromite KW - achondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - ferrous iron KW - Allan Hills Meteorites KW - Antarctica KW - shergottite KW - metals KW - Chassigny Meteorite KW - chemical fractionation KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50369074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Chemistry+and+valency+spectra+of+chromite+in+SNC+meteorites&rft.au=Bridges%2C+J+C%3BSchofield%2C+P+F%3BSmith%2C+A+D%3BScholl%2C+A%3BGrady%2C+M+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bridges&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2002/pdf/1695.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-third lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Feb. 18, 2009 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; ALH 84001; Allan Hills Meteorites; aluminum; Antarctica; chassignite; Chassigny Meteorite; chemical composition; chemical fractionation; chromite; DaG 476; Dar al Gani Meteorites; EETA 79001; Elephant Moraine Meteorites; ferric iron; ferrous iron; iron; mantle; Martian meteorites; melts; metals; meteorites; oxides; oxygen fugacity; SaU 005; Sayh al Uhaymir Meteorites; shergottite; SNC Meteorites; spectra; stony meteorites; valency; X-ray photoemission electron microscopy; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liquid-release tests in unsaturated fractured welded tuffs; II, Numerical modeling AN - 50298074; 2002-011224 AB - We have carried out a numerical modeling study in conjunction with the in situ liquid-release experiment described in Salve et al. [J. Hydrol. 257 (2001)]. The experiment site is a highly fractured welded tuff accessed from the Exploratory Studies Facility, an underground laboratory in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The experiment examines the effect of the rock matrix on liquid flow and transport that occurs primarily through the fracture network. The purpose of the modeling is to aid in experimental design, predict experimental results, and study the physical processes accompanying liquid flow through unsaturated fractured welded tuff. The model uses cubic elements arranged in a regular three-dimensional grid to represent a 24 m (super 3) block of fractured tuff. High-permeability fracture elements located deterministically preserve the connectivity of the fracture network, which is crucial to its ability to conduct fluid. Because element thickness is much greater than fracture aperture, fracture elements are assigned properties of a fracture continuum rather than of an individual fracture. The fracture network is constructed using fracture geometry data taken from a fracture map of the walls and ceiling of the alcove adjacent to the field test site. The network is then refined using the results of air-permeability tests. Model results suggest that it may not be sufficient to conceptualize the fractured tuff as consisting of high-permeability fractures embedded in a low-permeability matrix. The need to include a secondary fracture network (with distinct characteristics from the network of larger mapped fractures) is demonstrated by comparison to the liquid flow observed in the field. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Wang, Joseph S Y Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 80 EP - 105 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 256 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - fractured materials KW - volcanic rocks KW - FRACGRID KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Nevada Test Site KW - fractures KW - liquid release tests KW - digital simulation KW - hydrodynamics KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - high-level waste KW - numerical models KW - welded tuff KW - Nye County Nevada KW - computer programs KW - pyroclastics KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50298074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Liquid-release+tests+in+unsaturated+fractured+welded+tuffs%3B+II%2C+Numerical+modeling&rft.au=Doughty%2C+Christine%3BSalve%2C+Rohit%3BWang%2C+Joseph+S+Y&rft.aulast=Doughty&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=256&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to Part 1 see Salve, Rohit, et al., J. Hydrol., Vol. 256, p. 60-79, 2002 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; data processing; digital simulation; FRACGRID; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; high-level waste; hydrodynamics; igneous rocks; liquid release tests; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; preferential flow; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; site exploration; theoretical models; TOUGH2; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exploration of the Mars radiation environment using MARIE AN - 50102977; 2010-010039 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Cucinotta, F AU - Badhwar, G AU - Zeitlin, C AU - Cleghorn, T AU - Bahr, J AU - Beyer, T AU - Chambellan, C AU - Delaune, P AU - Dunn, R AU - Flanders, J AU - Riman, F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 EP - Abstract 1679 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 33 KW - galactic cosmic rays KW - solar energetic particles KW - solar wind KW - atmosphere KW - Mars KW - Mars Odyssey KW - MARIE KW - exploration KW - terrestrial planets KW - planets KW - radiation environment KW - Mars Radiation Environment Experiment KW - cosmic rays KW - instruments KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50102977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Exploration+of+the+Mars+radiation+environment+using+MARIE&rft.au=Cucinotta%2C+F%3BBadhwar%2C+G%3BZeitlin%2C+C%3BCleghorn%2C+T%3BBahr%2C+J%3BBeyer%2C+T%3BChambellan%2C+C%3BDelaune%2C+P%3BDunn%2C+R%3BFlanders%2C+J%3BRiman%2C+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cucinotta&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2002/pdf/1679.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Thirty-third lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on March 9, 2009 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; cosmic rays; exploration; galactic cosmic rays; instruments; MARIE; Mars; Mars Odyssey; Mars Radiation Environment Experiment; planets; radiation environment; solar energetic particles; solar wind; terrestrial planets ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Development of Methodologies for Calculating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Electricity Generation for the California Climate Action Registry AN - 20117689; 10243534 AB - The California Climate Action Registry, which will begin operation in Fall 2002, is a voluntary registry for California businesses and organizations to record annual greenhouse gas emissions. Reporting of emissions in the Registry by a participant involves documentation of both "direct" emissions from sources that are under the entity's control and "indirect" emissions controlled by others. Electricity generated by an off-site power source is considered to be an indirect emission and must be included in the entity's report. Published electricity emissions factors for the State of California vary considerably due to differences in whether utility-owned out-of-state generation, non-utility generation, and electricity imports from other states are included. This paper describes the development of three methods for estimating electricity emissions factors for calculating the combined net carbon dioxide emissions from all generating facilities that provide electricity to Californians. We find that use of a statewide average electricity emissions factor could drastically under- or over-estimate an entity's emissions due to the differences in generating resources among the utility service areas and seasonal variations. In addition, differentiating between marginal and average emissions is essential to accurately estimate the carbon dioxide savings from reducing electricity use. Results of this work will be taken into consideration by the Registry when finalizing its guidance for use of electricity emissions factors in calculating an entity's greenhouse gas emissions. JF - EMISSION INVENTORIES - PARTNERING FOR THE FUTURE. AU - Price, L AU - Marnay, C AU - Sathaye, J AU - Murtishaw, S AU - Fisher, D AU - Phadke, A AU - Franco, G Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 PB - Environmental Protection Agency, [URL:http://www.epa.gov/] KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Conferences KW - Electricity KW - imports KW - Emission inventories KW - Emissions KW - USA, California KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Seasonal variations KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20117689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Price%2C+L%3BMarnay%2C+C%3BSathaye%2C+J%3BMurtishaw%2C+S%3BFisher%2C+D%3BPhadke%2C+A%3BFranco%2C+G&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Development+of+Methodologies+for+Calculating+Greenhouse+Gas+Emissions+from+Electricity+Generation+for+the+California+Climate+Action+Registry&rft.title=Development+of+Methodologies+for+Calculating+Greenhouse+Gas+Emissions+from+Electricity+Generation+for+the+California+Climate+Action+Registry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Influence of gasoline hydrocarbons on methyl tert-butyl ether biotreatment in fluidized bed bioreactors AN - 19424517; 5402147 AB - Fluidized bed bioreactors (FBRs) are frequently used for the treatment of gasoline contaminated groundwater. Due to changes in gasoline formulations in the last decade, gasoline contaminated groundwater may also contain significant quantities of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), a recalcitrant gasoline additive. It has been shown that MTBE is biodegradable and there is interest in determining if MTBE contaminated groundwater can be biologically treated using FBR technology. We examined the biodegradation of MTBE in FBRs treating contaminated groundwater and establish that there was an inverse correlation between total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) loading and MTBE treatment efficiency. Follow-up laboratory studies demonstrated that toluene, a component of TPH, is a strong inhibitor of MTBE biotreatment in FBRs. JF - Water Science & Technology: Water Supply AU - Stringfellow, W T AU - Oh, K-C Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 6 EP - 228 PB - IWA Publishing, Alliance House 12 Caxton Street London SW1H 0QS UK, [URL:http://www.iwapublishing.com] SN - 1843394170 KW - MTBE KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Additives KW - Water treatment KW - Methyl tert-butyl ether KW - Water Treatment KW - Groundwater pollution KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19424517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stringfellow%2C+W+T%3BOh%2C+K-C&rft.aulast=Stringfellow&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=1843394170&rft.btitle=Influence+of+gasoline+hydrocarbons+on+methyl+tert-butyl+ether+biotreatment+in+fluidized+bed+bioreactors&rft.title=Influence+of+gasoline+hydrocarbons+on+methyl+tert-butyl+ether+biotreatment+in+fluidized+bed+bioreactors&rft.issn=16069749&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic "Code": Representations and Dynamical Models of Genetic Components and Networks AN - 18630954; 5537423 AB - Dynamical modeling of biological systems is becoming increasingly widespread as people attempt to grasp biological phenomena in their full complexity and make sense of an accelerating stream of experimental data. We review a number of recent modeling studies that focus on systems specifically involving gene expression and regulation. These systems include bacterial metabolic operons and phase-variable piliation, bacteriophages T7 and lambda , and interacting networks of eukaryotic developmental genes. A wide range of conceptual and mathematical representations of genetic components and phenomena appears in these works. We discuss these representations in depth and give an overview of the tools currently available for creating and exploring dynamical models. We argue that for modeling to realize its full potential as a mainstream biological research technique the tools must become more general and flexible, and formal, standardized representations of biological knowledge and data must be developed. JF - Annual Review of Genomics & Human Genetics AU - Gilman, A AU - Arkin AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, agilman@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 341 EP - 369 VL - 3 SN - 1527-8204, 1527-8204 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - G 07439:General - reviews/ethics, etc. KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 350:Bioinformatics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18630954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Genomics+%26+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=Genetic+%22Code%22%3A+Representations+and+Dynamical+Models+of+Genetic+Components+and+Networks&rft.au=Gilman%2C+A%3BArkin&rft.aulast=Gilman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Genomics+%26+Human+Genetics&rft.issn=15278204&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A framework for understanding and predicting insider attacks AN - 18626624; 5528209 AB - In this paper an insider attack is considered to be deliberate misuse by those who are authorized to use computers and networks. Applying this definition in real-life settings to determine whether or not an attack was caused by an insider is often, however, anything but straightforward. We know very little about insider attacks, and misconceptions concerning insider attacks abound. The belief that "most attacks come from inside" is held by many information security professionals, for example, even though empirical statistics and firewall logs indicate otherwise. This paper presents a framework based on previous studies and models of insider behavior as well as first-hand experience in dealing with insider attacks. JF - Computers & Security AU - Schultz, EE AD - University of California-Berkeley Lab, CA, USA Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 526 EP - 531 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0167-4048, 0167-4048 KW - information technology KW - insider attacks KW - privacy KW - security KW - Risk Abstracts KW - R2 23020:Technological risks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18626624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Security&rft.atitle=A+framework+for+understanding+and+predicting+insider+attacks&rft.au=Schultz%2C+EE&rft.aulast=Schultz&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Security&rft.issn=01674048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reappraisal of the reported dose equivalents at the boundary of the University of California radiation laboratory during the early days of bevatron operation AN - 18470714; 5446666 AB - The Bevatron of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory operated with no permanent shielding-roof from 1954 to 1962. Neutron fluences measured at the laboratory perimeter reached a maximum in 1959, and were reported as an annual dose equivalent of 8.1 mSv (54% of the then operative radiation limit). The addition of temporary local shielding and improved operational techniques subsequently led to a steady decline in dose equivalent at the laboratory perimeter. A permanent concrete shielding-roof was constructed in 1962. In those early years of operation the reported dose equivalent, H, was derived from a measured total neutron fluence, Phi , and an estimated spectrum-weighted fluence to dose equivalent conversion coefficient, , where H= Phi . The uncertainty in H was almost entirely due to the uncertainty in . While the measurements of Phi were accurate the estimates of were quite crude and depended upon measurements of average neutron energy, on assumptions about the shape of the neutron energy spectrum, and primitive values of fluence to dose equivalent conversion coefficients for monoenergetic neutrons. These early reported dose equivalents were known to be overestimated. This paper has reappraised the dose equivalents in the light of better information now available. Environmental neutron spectra have been calculated which more accurately correspond to the operational conditions of the Bevatron in the 1950s and early 1960s, than did those spectra available at that time. A new fluence to dose equivalent conversion function based on the latest data and for isotropic irradiation geometry was developed. From these two parameters better estimates of the coefficient were determined and compared with the earlier values. From this reappraisal it is shown that the early reported dose equivalents were conservative by a factor of at least five. JF - Radiation Protection Dosimetry AU - Donahue, R J AU - Smith, A R AU - Thomas, R H AU - Zeman, G H AD - Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, ghzeman@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 269 EP - 282 VL - 98 IS - 3 SN - 0144-8420, 0144-8420 KW - Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory KW - bevatron KW - dose equivalents KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18470714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=A+reappraisal+of+the+reported+dose+equivalents+at+the+boundary+of+the+University+of+California+radiation+laboratory+during+the+early+days+of+bevatron+operation&rft.au=Donahue%2C+R+J%3BSmith%2C+A+R%3BThomas%2C+R+H%3BZeman%2C+G+H&rft.aulast=Donahue&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.issn=01448420&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of room furnishings and air speed on particle deposition rates indoors AN - 18421909; 5403077 AB - Particle deposition to surfaces plays an important role in determining exposures to indoor particles. However, the effects of furnishings and air speed on these rates have not been well characterized. In this study, experiments were performed in an isolated room (volume = 14.2m super(3)) using three different indoor furnishing levels (bare, carpeted, and fully furnished) and four different air flow conditions. Deposition loss rates were determined by generating a short burst of polydispersed particles, then measuring the size-resolved (0.5-10 mu m) concentration decay rate using an aerodynamic particle sizer. Increasing the surface area from bare (35 m super(2) nominal surface area) to fully furnished (12 m super(2) additional surface area) increased the deposition loss rate by as much as a factor of 2.6 with the largest increase seen for the smallest particles. Increasing the mean airspeed from <5 to 19 cm/s, by means of increasing fan speed, increased the deposition rate for all particle sizes studied by factors ranging from 1.3 to 2.4 with larger particles exhibiting greater effects than smaller particles. The significant effect of particle size and room conditions on deposition loss rates argues against using a single first-order loss-rate coefficient to represent deposition for integrated mass measurements (PM sub(2.5) or PM sub(10)). JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Thatcher, T L AU - Lai, ACK AU - Moreno-Jackson, R AU - Sextro, R G AU - Nazaroff, W W AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, tlthatcher@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 1811 EP - 1819 VL - 36 IS - 11 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.584:Microclimatology (551.584) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18421909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Effects+of+room+furnishings+and+air+speed+on+particle+deposition+rates+indoors&rft.au=Thatcher%2C+T+L%3BLai%2C+ACK%3BMoreno-Jackson%2C+R%3BSextro%2C+R+G%3BNazaroff%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Thatcher&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1811&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fifteen Minutes of fim: Control of Type 1 Pili Expression in E. coli AN - 18412148; 5401765 AB - Pili are used by Escherichia coli to attach to and invade mammalian tissues during host infection and colonization. Expression of type 1 pili, believed to act as virulence factors in urinary tract infections, is under control of the `fim' genetic network. This network is able to sense the environment and actuate phase variation control. It is a prime exemplar of an integrative regulatory system because of its role in mediating a complex infection process, and because it instantiates a number of regulatory motifs, including DNA inversion and stochastic variation. With the help of a mathematical model, we explore the mechanisms and architecture of the fim network. We explain (1) basic network operation, including the roles of the recombinase and global regulatory protein concentrations, their DNA binding affinities, and their switching rates in observed phase variation behavior; (2) why there are two recombinases when one would seem to suffice; (3) the source of on-to-off switching specificity of FimE; (4) the role of fimE orientational control in switch dynamics; and (5) how temperature tuning of piliation is achieved. In the process, we identify a general regulatory motif that tunes phenotype to an environmental variable, and explain a number of apparent experimental inconsistencies. JF - OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology AU - Wolf, D M AU - Arkin AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, dmwolf@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 91 EP - 114 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1536-2310, 1536-2310 KW - fimE gene KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility KW - N 14662:Gene regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18412148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=OMICS%3A+A+Journal+of+Integrative+Biology&rft.atitle=Fifteen+Minutes+of+fim%3A+Control+of+Type+1+Pili+Expression+in+E.+coli&rft.au=Wolf%2C+D+M%3BArkin&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=OMICS%3A+A+Journal+of+Integrative+Biology&rft.issn=15362310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rapid birefringence method for measuring suspended CaCO sub(3) concentrations in seawater AN - 18353802; 5316085 AB - The extreme birefringence of calcium carbonate (CaCO sub(3)) relative to other major components of marine particulate matter provides a basis for making optical in situ measurements of particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) in seawater. This concept was tested with a benchtop spectrophotometer equipped with a 1- and 10-cm path length sample cell and modified with linear polarizers to measure the birefringence of suspended particles. Sample suspensions containing 3-100% CaCO sub(3) (by weight) were prepared from calcareous marine sediment material and varying amounts of non-birefringent diatomaceous earth. The samples ranged in total suspended material from 0.003 to 249 mg l super(-1) and PIC from 0.03 to 1820 mu mol CaCO sub(3) l super(-1). A positive relationship was observed between birefringence and PIC, with response falling off as the total particle concentration and the relative abundance of non-CaCO sub(3) particles in the sample increased. Sensitivity increased linearly with optical path length, and absolute detection limits of 0.2-0.4 and 0.04-0.08 mu mol CaCO sub(3) l super(-1), respectively, were determined for path lengths of 1- and 10-cm based on the intrinsic signal noise of the modified spectrophotometer. Conventional (i.e., non-polarized) transmittance measurements were used to correct the birefringence signal for the sensitivity loss due to interference from scattering and absorption. Without further modification, this spectrophotometer-based method can be used (with a 10-cm cell) to quantify PIC in most surface ocean waters--including those influenced by coccolithophore blooms. The spectrophotometer results define performance requirements and design parameters for an in situ instrument capable of operating over the oceanic range of PIC. JF - Deep-Sea Research (Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers) AU - Guay, CKH AU - Bishop, JKB AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, ckguay@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 197 EP - 210 VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0967-0637, 0967-0637 KW - birefringence KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine sediments KW - Particulate carbon in seawater KW - Calcium carbonates KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Spectroscopic techniques KW - Inorganic carbon KW - Water analysis KW - Calcium carbonate in seawater KW - M2 551.460.088:Suspension meters and samplers (551.460.088) KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments KW - O 2050:Chemical Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18353802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deep-Sea+Research+%28Part+I%2C+Oceanographic+Research+Papers%29&rft.atitle=A+rapid+birefringence+method+for+measuring+suspended+CaCO+sub%283%29+concentrations+in+seawater&rft.au=Guay%2C+CKH%3BBishop%2C+JKB&rft.aulast=Guay&rft.aufirst=CKH&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Deep-Sea+Research+%28Part+I%2C+Oceanographic+Research+Papers%29&rft.issn=09670637&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calcium carbonates; Suspended particulate matter; Inorganic carbon; Spectroscopic techniques; Water analysis; Marine sediments; Particulate carbon in seawater; Calcium carbonate in seawater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shade trees reduce building energy use and CO sub(2) emissions from power plants AN - 18275566; 5327782 AB - Urban shade trees offer significant benefits in reducing building air-conditioning demand and improving urban air quality by reducing smog. The savings associated with these benefits vary by climate region and can be up to $200 per tree. The cost of planting trees and maintaining them can vary from $10 to $500 per tree. Tree-planting programs can be designed to have lower costs so that they offer potential savings to communities that plant trees. Our calculations suggest that urban trees play a major role in sequestering CO sub(2) and thereby delay global warming. We estimate that a tree planted in Los Angeles avoids the combustion of 18 kg of carbon annually, even though it sequesters only 4.5-11 kg (as it would if growing in a forest). In this sense, one shade tree in Los Angeles is equivalent to three to five forest trees. In a recent analysis for Baton Rouge, Sacramento, and Salt Lake City, we estimated that planting an average of four shade trees per house (each with a top view cross section of 50 m sub(2)) would lead to an annual reduction in carbon emissions from power plants of 16,000, 41,000, and 9000 t, respectively (the per-tree reduction in carbon emissions is about 10-11 kg per year). These reductions only account for the direct reduction in the net cooling- and heating-energy use of buildings. Once the impact of the community cooling is included, these savings are increased by at least 25%. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Akbari, H AD - Heat Island Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkley, CA 94720, USA, h_akbari@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - S119 EP - S126 VL - 116 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - shading KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Air conditioning KW - Trees KW - Air pollution control KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Power plants KW - Smog KW - Shading KW - Urban environments KW - Energy utilization KW - Energy conservation KW - Emission control KW - USA KW - Global warming KW - Carbon dioxide KW - D 04700:Management KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18275566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Shade+trees+reduce+building+energy+use+and+CO+sub%282%29+emissions+from+power+plants&rft.au=Akbari%2C+H&rft.aulast=Akbari&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Terrestrial carbon - Part II. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Trees; Energy conservation; Carbon dioxide; Emission control; Power plants; Air pollution control; Smog; Air conditioning; Cost-benefit analysis; Global warming; Shading; Urban environments; Energy utilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seepage response along an alluvial valley in a semi-arid catchment in north-central California AN - 1798734235; 5337558 AB - Over a period of 12 months, soil moisture content and potential was monitored in an annual-grass-dominated 20 ha catchment in order to determine flow paths leading to exfiltration at the catchment outlet. Water was found to enter the catchment valley either through flow originating in the slopes or through surface infiltration during rainfall events. Although subsurface flow from the slopes to the catchment outlet occurred throughout the year, surface recharge was restricted to a few events during the wet season. In the deeper saturated profile of the valley, flow was directed upwards along the valley edges and gradually became horizontal towards the central axis of the valley. During the peak of the rainfall season, horizontal flow close to the catchment outlet intercepted the gradually sloping surface, resulting in exfiltration. Plants influenced the hydrology of the catchment by removing moisture from the root zone during spring and early summer, resulting in evapotranspiration losses from the vadose zone. Heterogeneities within the valley soil were evident as variable-permeability layers that resulted in a seasonally confined water table within the valley. This investigation shows that the vadose zone plays an important role in redistributing surface recharge and emphasizes the importance of accounting for effective moisture in low-yielding catchments with ephemeral surface runoff. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Salve, R AU - Tokunaga, T K AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop 14-116, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, R_Salve@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - January 2002 SP - 65 EP - 86 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - USA, California KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Soil moisture infiltration KW - Rainfall infiltration KW - Rainfall KW - Catchment Areas KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Soil Water KW - Seepage KW - Groundwater recharge KW - Soils KW - Infiltration KW - Ground water KW - Hydrology KW - Moisture Content KW - Seepages KW - Vadose Water KW - Runoff KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - M2 551.579.5:Soil moisture, percolation (551.579.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1798734235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Seepage+response+along+an+alluvial+valley+in+a+semi-arid+catchment+in+north-central+California&rft.au=Salve%2C+R%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.285 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rainfall; Soils; Ground water; Hydrology; Seepages; Soil moisture infiltration; Rainfall infiltration; Groundwater recharge; Catchment Areas; Infiltration; Evapotranspiration; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Seepage; Vadose Water; Runoff DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.285 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer, and Solute Transport at Nuclear Waste Storage Tanks in the Hanford Vadose Zone AN - 16199379; 6495234 AB - At the Hanford Site, highly radioactive and chemically aggressive waste fluids have leaked from underground storage tanks into the vadose zone. This paper addresses hydrogeological issues at the 241-SX tank farm, especially focusing on Tank SX-108, which is one of the highest heat load, supernate density and ionic strength tanks at Hanford and a known leaker. The behavior of contaminants in the unsaturated zone near SX-108 is determined by an interplay of multiphase fluid flow and heat transfer processes with reactive chemical transport in a complex geological setting. Numerical simulation studies were performed to obtain a better understanding of mass and energy transport in the unique hydrogeologic system created by the SX tank farm. Problem parameters are patterned after conditions at Tank SX-108, and measured data were used whenever possible. Borrowing from techniques developed in geothermal and petroleum reservoir engineering, our simulations feature a comprehensive description of multiphase processes, including boiling and condensation phenomena, and precipitation and dissolution of solids. We find that the thermal perturbation from the tank causes large-scale redistribution of moisture and alters water seepage patterns. During periods of high heat load, fluid and heat flow near the tank are dominated by vapor-liquid counterflow (heat pipe), which provides a much more efficient mechanism than heat conduction for dissipating tank heat. The heat pipe mechanism is also very effective in concentrating dissolved solids near the heat source, where salts may precipitate even if they were only present in small concentrations in ambient fluids. Tank leaks that released aqueous fluids of high ionic strength into the vadose zone were also modeled. The heat load causes formation dry-out beneath the tank, which is accompanied by precipitation of solutes. These may become remobilized at a later time when tank temperatures decline and previously dried out regions are rewetted. Simulated temperature and moisture distributions compare well with borehole measurements performed in 2000. The temperature maximum observed beneath Tank SX-108 can be explained from past thermal history of the tank; it is not necessary to invoke heat generation from leaked radioactive contaminants. A novel composite medium model is used to explore effects of moisture tension-dependent anisotropy, which is shown to have important impacts on fluid flow and solute transport in the Hanford sediments. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Yabusaki, Steve AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Lichtner, Peter AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, K_Pruess@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 68 EP - 88 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 1 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Moisture KW - Dissolved Solids KW - Heat Flow KW - Heat Transfer KW - Seepage KW - Liquid wastes KW - Storage Tanks KW - Conduction KW - Reservoirs KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Leakage KW - Underground Storage KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Model Studies KW - Heat KW - Geohydrology KW - Condensation KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Fluid Flow KW - Boreholes KW - Pollutants KW - History KW - Pipes KW - Anisotropy KW - Temperature KW - Precipitation KW - USA, Washington, Hanford Site KW - Strength KW - Underground storage tanks KW - Solute Transport KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16199379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Fluid+Flow%2C+Heat+Transfer%2C+and+Solute+Transport+at+Nuclear+Waste+Storage+Tanks+in+the+Hanford+Vadose+Zone&rft.au=Pruess%2C+Karsten%3BYabusaki%2C+Steve%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BLichtner%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Pruess&rft.aufirst=Karsten&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Underground storage tanks; Leakage; Radioactive wastes; Liquid wastes; Hazardous wastes; Dissolved Solids; Moisture; Radioactive Wastes; Pipes; Heat Flow; Anisotropy; Fluid Flow; Underground Storage; Temperature; Precipitation; Seepage; Heat Transfer; Boreholes; Model Studies; Storage Tanks; Strength; Pollutants; History; Heat; Solute Transport; Geohydrology; Condensation; Conduction; Reservoirs; USA, Washington, Hanford Site ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracer Penetration into Welded Tuff Matrix from Flowing Fractures AN - 16197973; 6495221 AB - Field and laboratory tracer experiments were conducted to investigate the extent of tracer imbibition and penetration into unsaturated, fractured rock matrix at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Field experiments were carried out in the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF), an underground tunnel at Yucca Mountain. Water containing dye was released into horizontal boreholes drilled into the wall of the ESF main drift. The region was then mined to observe the flow pathways and to collect dye-stained rock samples for subsequent laboratory quantification. Dye concentration profiles in the rock, measured using a newly developed sampling technique, showed that liquid flowing through the fractures penetrated into the matrix to a depth of several millimeters. Laboratory studies of tracer penetration into the rock matrix were conducted using tracer-free rock samples, collected from the same hydrogeologic unit and machined into cylindrical cores. Tracer-imbibition tests were performed on cores at two different initial water saturations with both sorbing (dyes) and nonsorbing tracers. The travel distance for sorbing dyes was a few millimeters after similar to 16 to 20 h, similar to the extent measured in samples from the field test. The nonsorbing bromide front coincided with the wetting front in the rock core at the initial water saturation of 12%, and the imbibition depth agreed very well with the prediction, using independently measured properties. At the high initial water saturation of 76%, the bromide front lagged significantly behind the wetting front. Sorption coefficients for the dyes in the partially saturated core samples were calculated using two independent approaches, based on tracer travel-distance and mass-distribution calculations, and were found to yield comparable results. Utilization of nonsorbing tracers with different molecular sizes helped to identify the effects of pore-size restriction on tracer transport during imbibition. The results from this work have a direct application to radionuclide transport at Yucca Mountain, and the methods presented are broadly applicable to the investigation of water and solute transport in unsaturated rock. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Hu, Qinhong AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Trautz, Robert C AU - Wang, Joseph SY AD - 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-1116, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, q_hu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 102 EP - 112 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 USA, [URL:http://www.soils.org/] VL - 1 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Mountains KW - Cores KW - Bromides KW - Testing Procedures KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Sorption KW - Laboratories KW - Saturation KW - Tunnels KW - Rocks KW - Dyes KW - Profiles KW - Geohydrology KW - Radioisotopes KW - Prediction KW - Travel KW - USA, Nevada KW - Field Tests KW - Boreholes KW - Tracers KW - Yield KW - Wetting KW - Water Depth KW - Welding KW - Sampling KW - Laboratory testing KW - boreholes KW - Solute Transport KW - Wells KW - Water wells KW - Dye Concentrations KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16197973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Tracer+Penetration+into+Welded+Tuff+Matrix+from+Flowing+Fractures&rft.au=Hu%2C+Qinhong%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BTrautz%2C+Robert+C%3BWang%2C+Joseph+SY&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Qinhong&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Sorption; Tracers; boreholes; Laboratory testing; Dyes; Radioisotopes; Water wells; Welding; Tunnels; Travel; Prediction; Field Tests; Boreholes; Yield; Cores; Wetting; Bromides; Water Depth; Sampling; Testing Procedures; Geologic Fractures; Laboratories; Saturation; Rocks; Solute Transport; Profiles; Wells; Geohydrology; Dye Concentrations; USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt.; USA, Nevada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Appliance efficiency standards and labeling programs in China AN - 16176341; 5841706 AB - Since the late 1980s, China has developed an extensive program of energy efficiency standards and labeling for household appliances. This development closely traces the rapid growth of appliance ownership and the domestic appliance industry and is an integral part of China's comprehensive energy conservation policy. The implementation of energy efficiency standards and labels for household appliances has not only achieved significant reductions in energy consumption and therefore greenhouse gas emissions in China, but it has also been instrumental in stimulating one of the world's largest appliance markets. This article reviews the historical development of Chinese programs, summarizes the most recent activities, and documents to the extent possible their impact on appliance efficiency and energy consumption. JF - Annual Review of Energy and the Environment AU - Lin, Jiang AD - Environmental Energy Technology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, j_lin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002 PY - 2002 DA - 2002 SP - 349 EP - 367 VL - 27 SN - 1056-3466, 1056-3466 KW - domestic appliances KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Emission standards KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Environmental labelling KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16176341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Energy+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Appliance+efficiency+standards+and+labeling+programs+in+China&rft.au=Lin%2C+Jiang&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Jiang&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Energy+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=10563466&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.energy.27.122001.083417 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Emission standards; Greenhouse gases; Environmental labelling; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.27.122001.083417 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Migration of a water pulse through fractured porous media AN - 16135152; 5377664 AB - Contaminant transport from waste-disposal sites is strongly affected by the presence of fractures and the degree of fracture-matrix interaction. Characterization of potential contaminant plumes at such sites is difficult, both experimentally and numerically. Simulations of water flow through fractured rock were performed to examine the penetration depth of a large pulse of water entering such a system. Construction water traced with lithium bromide was released during the excavation of a tunnel at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, which is located in an unsaturated fractured tuff formation. Modeling of construction-water migration is qualitatively compared with bromide-to-chloride ratio (Br/Cl) data for pore-water salts extracted from drillcores. The influences of local heterogeneities in the fracture network and variations in hydrogeologic parameters were examined by sensitivity analyses and Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation results are qualitatively consistent with the observed Br/Cl signals, although these data may only indicate a minimum penetration depth, and water may have migrated farther through the fracture network. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Finsterle, S AU - Fabryka-Martin, J T AU - Wang, JSY AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop 90-1116, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, SAFinsterle@lbl.gov Y1 - 2002/01// PY - 2002 DA - Jan 2002 SP - 37 EP - 57 VL - 54 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Path of Pollutants KW - Fracture Permeability KW - Mountains KW - Solutes KW - Permeability KW - Tracers KW - Fracturing KW - Hydrology KW - Waste disposal KW - Plumes KW - Permeation KW - Lithium KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Experimental Data KW - Groundwater flow KW - Vertical Distribution KW - Simulation KW - Modelling (Pollution) KW - Model Studies KW - Pollution (Groundwater) KW - Salts KW - Solute Transport KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Modelling (Hydrological) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16135152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Migration+of+a+water+pulse+through+fractured+porous+media&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+S%3BFabryka-Martin%2C+J+T%3BWang%2C+JSY&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mountains; Tracers; Permeability; Salts; Hydrology; Groundwater pollution; Simulation; Waste disposal; Plumes; Lithium; Pollution (Groundwater); Solutes; Fracturing; Groundwater flow; Modelling (Hydrological); Modelling (Pollution); Permeation; Experimental Data; Geologic Fractures; Path of Pollutants; Solute Transport; Vertical Distribution; Fracture Permeability; Groundwater Movement; Model Studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current status of radioactive waste administration in Taiwan AN - 51383488; 2007-089807 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Cheng, Wuu-Kune AU - Wu, Ruey-Yau Y1 - 2001/12/13/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Dec 13 SP - 277 EP - 282 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - tectonic elements KW - Taiwan KW - petrology KW - Far East KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - regulations KW - power plants KW - decision-making KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - Asia KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Current+status+of+radioactive+waste+administration+in+Taiwan&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Wuu-Kune%3BWu%2C+Ruey-Yau&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Wuu-Kune&rft.date=2001-12-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; bedrock; boreholes; decision-making; design; Far East; hydrology; low-level waste; petrology; policy; power plants; programs; radioactive waste; regulations; site exploration; Taiwan; tectonic elements; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Status of the deep geological disposal program in the Slovak Republic AN - 51383422; 2007-089801 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Matejovic, Igor AU - Timulak, Jan AU - Kovacik, Milos AU - Hok, Jozef Y1 - 2001/12/13/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Dec 13 SP - 225 EP - 236 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - tectonic elements KW - Slovakia KW - petrology KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - boreholes KW - seismicity KW - Central Europe KW - underground installations KW - stratigraphic units KW - geomorphology KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - climate KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Status+of+the+deep+geological+disposal+program+in+the+Slovak+Republic&rft.au=Matejovic%2C+Igor%3BTimulak%2C+Jan%3BKovacik%2C+Milos%3BHok%2C+Jozef&rft.aulast=Matejovic&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.date=2001-12-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - sect., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-20 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; Central Europe; climate; decision-making; design; Europe; geomorphology; ground water; hydrology; petrology; radioactive waste; seismicity; site exploration; Slovakia; stratigraphic units; tectonic elements; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of seepage into an underground opening using small-scale field experiments, Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 52119995; 2002-034144 AB - To evaluate the potential for water seeping into an underground opening, a 9-m (30-ft) long drift was constructed in the unsaturated fractured tuff at Yucca Mountain. Forty seepage tests were performed by releasing finite volumes of water at a constant rate into short test intervals located in boreholes positioned above the drift. The seepage threshold flux, defined as the liquid-release flux at and below which water will not drip into the opening, was determined for 10 test intervals. The seepage data, observations and model results indicate that a seepage threshold exists because a capillary barrier diverts water around the opening. JF - Mining Engineering AU - Trautz, R C AU - Wang, J S Y Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 41 EP - 44 PB - Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, CO VL - 53 IS - 12 SN - 0026-5187, 0026-5187 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - high-level waste KW - geologic hazards KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - underground disposal KW - Nevada KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52119995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mining+Engineering&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+seepage+into+an+underground+opening+using+small-scale+field+experiments%2C+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Trautz%2C+R+C%3BWang%2C+J+S+Y&rft.aulast=Trautz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mining+Engineering&rft.issn=00265187&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://me.smenet.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MIENAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geologic hazards; high-level waste; hydrology; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; seepage; site exploration; underground disposal; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Support-operators method in the identification of permeability tensor orientation AN - 52103438; 2002-044055 AB - The dependence of rock permeability on direction, or permeability anisotropy, is confirmed by numerous field examples. Therefore, the ability to carry out a numerical simulation of an anisotropic reservoir is very important. The support-operators method provides a conservative discretization scheme, allowing one to solve nonisotropic problems on a grid of practically arbitrary structure. Moreover, a discretization designed with the support-operators method provides a natural and convenient way of deriving and solving the adjoint system for evaluation of the gradient and second-order differential in inverse problems. After a theoretical introduction into the support-operators method, we consider an illustrative parameter-identification problem. More specifically, we evaluate the orientation angle of a nonisotropic permeability tensor in a horizontal reservoir. We assume that the principal permeabilities near a cored or otherwise logged well are already known. To accomplish this task, we need pressure measurements in monitoring wells. We consider both rectangular and curvilinear grids. In either case, the orientation angle has been recovered with a high accuracy. JF - SPE Journal AU - Silin, Dmitriy B AU - Patzek, Tad W Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 385 EP - 398 PB - Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1086-055X, 1086-055X KW - methods KW - anisotropic materials KW - sedimentary rocks KW - numerical models KW - pore pressure KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52103438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SPE+Journal&rft.atitle=Support-operators+method+in+the+identification+of+permeability+tensor+orientation&rft.au=Silin%2C+Dmitriy+B%3BPatzek%2C+Tad+W&rft.aulast=Silin&rft.aufirst=Dmitriy&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SPE+Journal&rft.issn=1086055X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropic materials; boundary conditions; methods; numerical models; permeability; pore pressure; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Polish concept of radioactive waste disposal AN - 51385535; 2007-089798 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Janeczek, Janusz AU - Wlodarski, Janusz A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 205 EP - 208 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - bedrock KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - petrology KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - surficial geology KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - evaporites KW - radioactive waste KW - case studies KW - waste management KW - sedimentary rocks KW - boreholes KW - Poland KW - Central Europe KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - salt KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51385535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=The+Polish+concept+of+radioactive+waste+disposal&rft.au=Janeczek%2C+Janusz%3BWlodarski%2C+Janusz&rft.aulast=Janeczek&rft.aufirst=Janusz&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - sect., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; case studies; Central Europe; chemically precipitated rocks; decision-making; design; Europe; evaporites; petrology; Poland; radioactive waste; salt; sedimentary rocks; site exploration; surficial geology; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioactive waste disposal of LILW and HLW in Korea AN - 51385506; 2007-089795 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Kim, C L AU - Park, J W AU - Lee, E Y AU - Song, M J AU - Hahn, T S AU - Han, K W AU - King, C H AU - Bae, D S AU - Hahn, P S AU - Park, H S A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 183 EP - 194 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - intermediate-level waste KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - high-level waste KW - Far East KW - underground storage KW - engineering properties KW - site exploration KW - decision-making KW - Korea KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - models KW - waste management KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - Asia KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - South Korea KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51385506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Radioactive+waste+disposal+of+LILW+and+HLW+in+Korea&rft.au=Kim%2C+C+L%3BPark%2C+J+W%3BLee%2C+E+Y%3BSong%2C+M+J%3BHahn%2C+T+S%3BHan%2C+K+W%3BKing%2C+C+H%3BBae%2C+D+S%3BHahn%2C+P+S%3BPark%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; bedrock; boreholes; decision-making; design; engineering properties; Far East; ground water; high-level waste; intermediate-level waste; Korea; low-level waste; models; programs; radioactive waste; simulation; site exploration; South Korea; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term management of nuclear fuel waste in Canada; technical developments in the concept for a deep geologic repository AN - 51385473; 2007-089784 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Russell, Sean B AU - Gierszewski, P J AU - Jensen, M R AU - Kempe, T F A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 67 EP - 76 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - programs KW - technology KW - petrology KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - models KW - waste management KW - safety KW - Canada KW - underground installations KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51385473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Long-term+management+of+nuclear+fuel+waste+in+Canada%3B+technical+developments+in+the+concept+for+a+deep+geologic+repository&rft.au=Russell%2C+Sean+B%3BGierszewski%2C+P+J%3BJensen%2C+M+R%3BKempe%2C+T+F&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; design; ground water; models; petrology; policy; programs; radioactive waste; rock mechanics; safety; site exploration; technology; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geological disposal as the preferred option in the Hungarian Radioactive Waste Management Program AN - 51385014; 2007-089791 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Ormai, Peter AU - Frigyesi, F AU - Balla, Z AU - Kovacs, L AU - Hamos, G A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 137 EP - 152 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - site exploration KW - power plants KW - Europe KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - seismicity KW - Central Europe KW - Uveghuta Site KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - underground storage KW - decision-making KW - case studies KW - Hungary KW - safety KW - nuclear energy KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51385014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Geological+disposal+as+the+preferred+option+in+the+Hungarian+Radioactive+Waste+Management+Program&rft.au=Ormai%2C+Peter%3BFrigyesi%2C+F%3BBalla%2C+Z%3BKovacs%2C+L%3BHamos%2C+G&rft.aulast=Ormai&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; case studies; Central Europe; decision-making; design; Europe; ground water; Hungary; hydrology; low-level waste; nuclear energy; power plants; radioactive waste; risk assessment; safety; seismicity; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; Uveghuta Site; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Some geological aspects of underground disposal of radioactive waste in the Republic of Armenia AN - 51384990; 2007-089780 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Djrbashyan, R T AU - Ghukasyan, Yu G A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 27 EP - 38 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - hydrology KW - tectonic elements KW - technology KW - petrology KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - data processing KW - characterization KW - Europe KW - radioactive waste KW - safety KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Armenia KW - underground installations KW - data bases KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51384990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Some+geological+aspects+of+underground+disposal+of+radioactive+waste+in+the+Republic+of+Armenia&rft.au=Djrbashyan%2C+R+T%3BGhukasyan%2C+Yu+G&rft.aulast=Djrbashyan&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - sects., 2 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Armenia; characterization; Commonwealth of Independent States; data bases; data processing; Europe; hydrology; petrology; radioactive waste; safety; site exploration; technology; tectonic elements; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International cooperation in nuclear waste management AN - 51384820; 2007-089814 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Burkart, Alex R A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 331 EP - 333 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - technology KW - underground storage KW - global KW - international cooperation KW - decision-making KW - technology transfer KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - safety KW - underground installations KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51384820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=International+cooperation+in+nuclear+waste+management&rft.au=Burkart%2C+Alex+R&rft.aulast=Burkart&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; global; international cooperation; policy; radioactive waste; safety; technology; technology transfer; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Retrievable disposal of radioactive waste in the Netherlands AN - 51384798; 2007-089797 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Hageman, Bob P AU - van de Vate, Leo A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 199 EP - 203 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - Western Europe KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - evaporites KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - sedimentary rocks KW - safety KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - Netherlands KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - salt KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51384798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Retrievable+disposal+of+radioactive+waste+in+the+Netherlands&rft.au=Hageman%2C+Bob+P%3Bvan+de+Vate%2C+Leo&rft.aulast=Hageman&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; chemically precipitated rocks; decision-making; design; Europe; evaporites; Netherlands; programs; radioactive waste; risk assessment; safety; salt; sedimentary rocks; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project for the United States AN - 51384767; 2007-089810 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Dyer, J Russell AU - Voegele, Michael D A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 299 EP - 312 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - regulations KW - characterization KW - decision-making KW - Nye County Nevada KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - physical properties KW - safety KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - geochemistry KW - underground disposal KW - Nevada KW - disposal barriers KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51384767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=The+Yucca+Mountain+Site+Characterization+Project+for+the+United+States&rft.au=Dyer%2C+J+Russell%3BVoegele%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=Dyer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diags. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; characterization; decision-making; design; disposal barriers; geochemistry; ground water; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; physical properties; programs; radioactive waste; regulations; safety; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; United States; waste disposal; waste management; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lithuania's approach to disposal of radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel AN - 51384764; 2007-089796 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Poskas, Povilas A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 195 EP - 198 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - intermediate-level waste KW - bedrock KW - petrology KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - Lithuania KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - safety KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - Baltic region KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51384764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Lithuania%27s+approach+to+disposal+of+radioactive+waste+and+spent+nuclear+fuel&rft.au=Poskas%2C+Povilas&rft.aulast=Poskas&rft.aufirst=Povilas&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - sect., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Baltic region; bedrock; boreholes; decision-making; design; Europe; intermediate-level waste; Lithuania; low-level waste; petrology; radioactive waste; safety; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current status of a potential future geological disposal facility in South Africa AN - 51384744; 2007-089803 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Bredell, P J AU - Raubenheimer, E A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 245 EP - 246 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - geologic hazards KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - decision-making KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - boreholes KW - seismicity KW - Southern Africa KW - underground installations KW - Africa KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - South Africa KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51384744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Current+status+of+a+potential+future+geological+disposal+facility+in+South+Africa&rft.au=Bredell%2C+P+J%3BRaubenheimer%2C+E&rft.aulast=Bredell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; bedrock; boreholes; decision-making; design; ecology; geologic hazards; hydrology; low-level waste; radioactive waste; risk assessment; seismicity; site exploration; South Africa; Southern Africa; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Status of research on geological disposal for high-level radioactive waste in France AN - 51384743; 2007-089789 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Lebon, Patrick AU - Mouroux, Bernard AU - Ouzounian, Gerald A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 117 EP - 127 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - lithostratigraphy KW - site exploration KW - Europe KW - radioactive waste KW - France KW - waste management KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Meuse France KW - Paris Basin KW - stratigraphic units KW - Haute-Marne France KW - Callovian KW - bedrock KW - high-level waste KW - argillite KW - Western Europe KW - Upper Jurassic KW - underground storage KW - three-dimensional models KW - Jurassic KW - Oxfordian KW - Middle Jurassic KW - Mesozoic KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51384743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Status+of+research+on+geological+disposal+for+high-level+radioactive+waste+in+France&rft.au=Lebon%2C+Patrick%3BMouroux%2C+Bernard%3BOuzounian%2C+Gerald&rft.aulast=Lebon&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - argillite; bedrock; Callovian; clastic rocks; design; Europe; France; Haute-Marne France; high-level waste; Jurassic; lithostratigraphy; Mesozoic; Meuse France; Middle Jurassic; Oxfordian; Paris Basin; radioactive waste; sedimentary rocks; site exploration; stratigraphic units; three-dimensional models; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; Upper Jurassic; waste disposal; waste management; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current status of the site selection for radioactive waste disposal in Bulgaria AN - 51384717; 2007-089783 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Evstatiev (Yevstatiyev), Dimcho AU - Kozhukharov, Dimitar A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 55 EP - 65 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - clay KW - bedrock KW - high-level waste KW - underground storage KW - clastic sediments KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - Kozloduy Bulgaria KW - power plants KW - Europe KW - Southern Europe KW - radioactive waste KW - safety KW - plutonic rocks KW - nuclear energy KW - underground installations KW - sediments KW - Bulgaria KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51384717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Current+status+of+the+site+selection+for+radioactive+waste+disposal+in+Bulgaria&rft.au=Evstatiev+%28Yevstatiyev%29%2C+Dimcho%3BKozhukharov%2C+Dimitar&rft.aulast=Evstatiev+%28Yevstatiyev%29&rft.aufirst=Dimcho&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - sect., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; Bulgaria; clastic sediments; clay; Europe; granites; high-level waste; igneous rocks; Kozloduy Bulgaria; nuclear energy; plutonic rocks; power plants; radioactive waste; safety; sediments; site exploration; Southern Europe; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Belgium RD&D program on long-lived and high-level waste disposal; status and trends AN - 51384703; 2007-089782 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Neerdael, B AU - Volckaert, G A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 47 EP - 54 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - clay KW - technology KW - development KW - site exploration KW - characterization KW - Europe KW - Ieper Clay KW - feasibility studies KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - sediments KW - high-level waste KW - Western Europe KW - underground storage KW - clastic sediments KW - Paleogene KW - research KW - Boom Clay KW - Tertiary KW - safety KW - Belgium KW - underground installations KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - Oligocene KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51384703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=The+Belgium+RD%26amp%3BD+program+on+long-lived+and+high-level+waste+disposal%3B+status+and+trends&rft.au=Neerdael%2C+B%3BVolckaert%2C+G&rft.aulast=Neerdael&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Belgium; Boom Clay; Cenozoic; characterization; clastic sediments; clay; development; Europe; feasibility studies; high-level waste; Ieper Clay; Oligocene; Paleogene; policy; radioactive waste; research; safety; sediments; site exploration; technology; Tertiary; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An update on the geological disposal of radioactive waste at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in southeastern New Mexico, U.S.A. AN - 51383767; 2007-089811 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Patterson, R L AU - Nelson, R A A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 313 EP - 318 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - United States KW - bedrock KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - underground storage KW - Eddy County New Mexico KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - characterization KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - transportation KW - New Mexico KW - evaporites KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - sedimentary rocks KW - safety KW - underground installations KW - Waste Isolation Pilot Plant KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - salt KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=An+update+on+the+geological+disposal+of+radioactive+waste+at+the+Waste+Isolation+Pilot+Plant+in+southeastern+New+Mexico%2C+U.S.A.&rft.au=Patterson%2C+R+L%3BNelson%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Patterson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; characterization; chemically precipitated rocks; design; Eddy County New Mexico; evaporites; government agencies; New Mexico; radioactive waste; regulations; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; safety; salt; sedimentary rocks; transportation; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; United States; waste disposal; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term safety assessment for repositories in rock salt in Romania AN - 51383695; 2007-089799 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Pavelescu, Margarit P A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 209 EP - 218 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - halides KW - site exploration KW - Europe KW - Southern Europe KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chlorides KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - underground storage KW - decision-making KW - evaporites KW - halite KW - models KW - safety KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - Romania KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - salt KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Long-term+safety+assessment+for+repositories+in+rock+salt+in+Romania&rft.au=Pavelescu%2C+Margarit+P&rft.aulast=Pavelescu&rft.aufirst=Margarit&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; chemically precipitated rocks; chlorides; decision-making; design; Europe; evaporites; halides; halite; models; programs; radioactive waste; Romania; safety; salt; sedimentary rocks; site exploration; Southern Europe; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Swiss geological studies to support implementation of repository project; status 2001 and outlook AN - 51383513; 2007-089806 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - McKinley, I AU - Zuidema, P AU - Vomvoris, S AU - Marschall, P A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 269 EP - 276 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - bedrock KW - bentonite KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - characterization KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - Switzerland KW - radioactive waste KW - case studies KW - waste management KW - sedimentary rocks KW - boreholes KW - Central Europe KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - underground disposal KW - disposal barriers KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Swiss+geological+studies+to+support+implementation+of+repository+project%3B+status+2001+and+outlook&rft.au=McKinley%2C+I%3BZuidema%2C+P%3BVomvoris%2C+S%3BMarschall%2C+P&rft.aulast=McKinley&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; bentonite; boreholes; case studies; Central Europe; characterization; clastic rocks; decision-making; design; disposal barriers; Europe; radioactive waste; sedimentary rocks; site exploration; Switzerland; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Swedish program for spent-fuel management AN - 51383485; 2007-089805 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Lundqvist, Berit A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 259 EP - 268 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - clay KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - technology KW - Western Europe KW - underground storage KW - clastic sediments KW - site exploration KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - Scandinavia KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - sediments KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - Sweden KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=The+Swedish+program+for+spent-fuel+management&rft.au=Lundqvist%2C+Berit&rft.aulast=Lundqvist&rft.aufirst=Berit&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; clastic sediments; clay; decision-making; design; Europe; programs; radioactive waste; Scandinavia; sediments; site exploration; Sweden; technology; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geological disposal of high-level radioactive wastes in Spain AN - 51383465; 2007-089804 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Astudillo, Julio A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 247 EP - 258 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - technology KW - Spain KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - characterization KW - Europe KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - Southern Europe KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - plutonic rocks KW - geochemistry KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - high-level waste KW - petrology KW - numerical models KW - underground storage KW - decision-making KW - safety KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Geological+disposal+of+high-level+radioactive+wastes+in+Spain&rft.au=Astudillo%2C+Julio&rft.aulast=Astudillo&rft.aufirst=Julio&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; characterization; decision-making; design; Europe; geochemistry; granites; high-level waste; hydrology; Iberian Peninsula; igneous rocks; numerical models; petrology; plutonic rocks; radioactive waste; safety; site exploration; Southern Europe; Spain; technology; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The long-term management of the United Kingdom's radioactive wastes; current status AN - 51383458; 2007-089809 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Hooper, Alan J A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 291 EP - 297 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - intermediate-level waste KW - monitoring KW - Western Europe KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - government agencies KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - United Kingdom KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - underground installations KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=The+long-term+management+of+the+United+Kingdom%27s+radioactive+wastes%3B+current+status&rft.au=Hooper%2C+Alan+J&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; Europe; government agencies; intermediate-level waste; monitoring; policy; radioactive waste; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; United Kingdom; waste disposal; waste management; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decision-in-principle on final disposal of spent fuel in Finland AN - 51383454; 2007-089788 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Vira, Juhani A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 105 EP - 115 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - high-level waste KW - tectonic elements KW - Western Europe KW - underground storage KW - Finland KW - site exploration KW - power plants KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - Scandinavia KW - safety KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Decision-in-principle+on+final+disposal+of+spent+fuel+in+Finland&rft.au=Vira%2C+Juhani&rft.aulast=Vira&rft.aufirst=Juhani&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; decision-making; environmental effects; Europe; Finland; high-level waste; power plants; programs; radioactive waste; safety; Scandinavia; site exploration; tectonic elements; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deep geological disposal research in Argentina AN - 51383433; 2007-089779 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Ninci, Carlos A AU - Bevilacqua, Arturo M AU - Jolivet, Luis A AU - Maset, Elvira R AU - Ferreyra, Raul E AU - Vullien, Alicia R AU - Elena, Oscar AU - Lopez, Luis E AU - Maloberti, Alejandro L AU - Nievas, Humberto O AU - Reyes, Nancy C AU - Zarco, Juan J A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 15 EP - 26 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - tectonic elements KW - petrology KW - underground storage KW - thermal properties KW - climate change KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - waste management KW - South America KW - safety KW - geographic information systems KW - seismicity KW - Argentina KW - volcanism KW - seismic risk KW - underground installations KW - risk assessment KW - information systems KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Deep+geological+disposal+research+in+Argentina&rft.au=Ninci%2C+Carlos+A%3BBevilacqua%2C+Arturo+M%3BJolivet%2C+Luis+A%3BMaset%2C+Elvira+R%3BFerreyra%2C+Raul+E%3BVullien%2C+Alicia+R%3BElena%2C+Oscar%3BLopez%2C+Luis+E%3BMaloberti%2C+Alejandro+L%3BNievas%2C+Humberto+O%3BReyes%2C+Nancy+C%3BZarco%2C+Juan+J&rft.aulast=Ninci&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Argentina; bedrock; climate change; geographic information systems; information systems; models; petrology; programs; radioactive waste; risk assessment; safety; seismic risk; seismicity; South America; tectonic elements; thermal properties; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; volcanism; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Japanese high-level radioactive waste disposal program AN - 51383393; 2007-089794 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Masuda, Sumio AU - Kawata, Tomio A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 167 EP - 181 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - high-level waste KW - Far East KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - decision-making KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - case studies KW - waste management KW - volcanic risk KW - safety KW - boreholes KW - seismicity KW - seismic risk KW - underground installations KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - Asia KW - underground disposal KW - Japan KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=The+Japanese+high-level+radioactive+waste+disposal+program&rft.au=Masuda%2C+Sumio%3BKawata%2C+Tomio&rft.aulast=Masuda&rft.aufirst=Sumio&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; bedrock; boreholes; case studies; decision-making; design; Far East; high-level waste; Japan; models; programs; radioactive waste; risk assessment; safety; seismic risk; seismicity; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; volcanic risk; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a plutonic granite rock mass for a geological repository in India AN - 51383367; 2007-089792 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Mathur, R K AU - Narayan, P K AU - Armugam, V AU - Acharya, A AU - Bajpai, R K AU - Balu, K A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 153 EP - 162 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - geophysical surveys KW - Jalore Granite KW - site exploration KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - rock mechanics KW - radioactive waste KW - India KW - waste management KW - plutonic rocks KW - seismicity KW - Indian Peninsula KW - electromagnetic methods KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - plutons KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - underground storage KW - geophysical methods KW - decision-making KW - Rajasthan India KW - intrusions KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - surveys KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+plutonic+granite+rock+mass+for+a+geological+repository+in+India&rft.au=Mathur%2C+R+K%3BNarayan%2C+P+K%3BArmugam%2C+V%3BAcharya%2C+A%3BBajpai%2C+R+K%3BBalu%2C+K&rft.aulast=Mathur&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; bedrock; boreholes; decision-making; design; electromagnetic methods; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; granites; hydrology; igneous rocks; India; Indian Peninsula; intrusions; Jalore Granite; plutonic rocks; plutons; programs; radioactive waste; Rajasthan India; rock mechanics; seismicity; site exploration; surveys; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The contribution of deep geologic repositories to nuclear nonproliferation AN - 51383104; 2007-089813 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Pentz, David AU - Stoll, Ralph A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 327 EP - 329 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - waste management KW - military geology KW - underground storage KW - nonproliferation KW - nuclear weapons KW - underground installations KW - decision-making KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - radioactive waste KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=The+contribution+of+deep+geologic+repositories+to+nuclear+nonproliferation&rft.au=Pentz%2C+David%3BStoll%2C+Ralph&rft.aulast=Pentz&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; military geology; nonproliferation; nuclear weapons; radioactive waste; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deep geological disposal of radioactive waste in Ukraine AN - 51383080; 2007-089808 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Krushchov, Dimitriy AU - Tabachny, Leonid A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 283 EP - 290 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - engineering properties KW - site exploration KW - Ukraine KW - regulations KW - Europe KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - ecology KW - climate KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - high-level waste KW - petrology KW - underground storage KW - cartography KW - geophysical methods KW - decision-making KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - geomorphology KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Deep+geological+disposal+of+radioactive+waste+in+Ukraine&rft.au=Krushchov%2C+Dimitriy%3BTabachny%2C+Leonid&rft.aulast=Krushchov&rft.aufirst=Dimitriy&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diags. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; cartography; climate; Commonwealth of Independent States; decision-making; design; ecology; engineering properties; Europe; geomorphology; geophysical methods; high-level waste; hydrology; petrology; radioactive waste; regulations; site exploration; Ukraine; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nuclear waste disposal in Germany; background, status, and future research AN - 51383066; 2007-089790 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Wallner, Manfred AU - Braeuer, Volkmar A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 129 EP - 135 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - bedrock KW - mines KW - experimental studies KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - data processing KW - Europe KW - evaporites KW - Lower Saxony Germany KW - radioactive waste KW - Gorleben KW - case studies KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Central Europe KW - underground installations KW - data bases KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - Germany KW - underground disposal KW - salt KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Nuclear+waste+disposal+in+Germany%3B+background%2C+status%2C+and+future+research&rft.au=Wallner%2C+Manfred%3BBraeuer%2C+Volkmar&rft.aulast=Wallner&rft.aufirst=Manfred&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; case studies; Central Europe; chemically precipitated rocks; data bases; data processing; Europe; evaporites; experimental studies; Germany; Gorleben; laboratory studies; Lower Saxony Germany; mines; policy; radioactive waste; salt; sedimentary rocks; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geological problems in radioactive waste isolation of Belarus AN - 51383044; 2007-089781 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Kudelsky, Anatoly V A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 39 EP - 46 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - Belarus KW - bedrock KW - high-level waste KW - underground storage KW - pollution KW - power plants KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - nuclear energy KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - planning KW - underground installations KW - ecology KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51383044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Geological+problems+in+radioactive+waste+isolation+of+Belarus&rft.au=Kudelsky%2C+Anatoly+V&rft.aulast=Kudelsky&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - 1 table, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; Belarus; Commonwealth of Independent States; decision-making; ecology; environmental effects; Europe; high-level waste; low-level waste; nuclear energy; planning; pollution; power plants; radioactive waste; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disposal of radioactive waste in deep geological formations in Russia; results and prospects AN - 51382770; 2007-089800 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Lebedev, Valeryi A AU - Akhunov, Victor D (Viktor D) AU - Lopatin, Victor V (Viktor V) AU - Kamnev, Evgeni N (Yevgeni N) AU - Rybalchenko, Andrey I A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 219 EP - 224 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - bedrock KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - decision-making KW - Russian Federation KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - history KW - waste management KW - safety KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - Eurasia KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51382770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Disposal+of+radioactive+waste+in+deep+geological+formations+in+Russia%3B+results+and+prospects&rft.au=Lebedev%2C+Valeryi+A%3BAkhunov%2C+Victor+D+%28Viktor+D%29%3BLopatin%2C+Victor+V+%28Viktor+V%29%3BKamnev%2C+Evgeni+N+%28Yevgeni+N%29%3BRybalchenko%2C+Andrey+I&rft.aulast=Lebedev&rft.aufirst=Valeryi&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; Commonwealth of Independent States; decision-making; design; environmental effects; Eurasia; history; observation wells; pollution; radioactive waste; Russian Federation; safety; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioactive waste management in Italy; a site for a low-level radioactive waste repository and high-level radioactive waste long-term storage AN - 51382740; 2007-089793 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Risoluti, Piero A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 163 EP - 166 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - bedrock KW - programs KW - high-level waste KW - underground storage KW - cartography KW - site exploration KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - geographic information systems KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - information systems KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51382740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Radioactive+waste+management+in+Italy%3B+a+site+for+a+low-level+radioactive+waste+repository+and+high-level+radioactive+waste+long-term+storage&rft.au=Risoluti%2C+Piero&rft.aulast=Risoluti&rft.aufirst=Piero&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; cartography; decision-making; design; Europe; geographic information systems; high-level waste; information systems; Italy; low-level waste; programs; radioactive waste; site exploration; Southern Europe; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geological challenges in radioactive waste isolation; third worldwide review AN - 51382718; 2007-089777 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 EP - 1 disc PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - biosphere KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal sites KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - review KW - radioactive waste KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51382718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Geological+challenges+in+radioactive+waste+isolation%3B+third+worldwide+review&rft.title=Geological+challenges+in+radioactive+waste+isolation%3B+third+worldwide+review&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from NTIS database, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - SuppNotes - Reports from the 28th international geological congress, Washington, DC, July 9-19, 1989; individual papers are cited separately; includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biosphere; nuclear facilities; radioactive waste; review; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International repositories; an essential complement to national facilities AN - 51382655; 2007-089812 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - McCombie, Charles AU - Chapman, Neil AU - Kurzeme, Marcis AU - Stoll, Ralph A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 319 EP - 326 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - programs KW - geologic hazards KW - development KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - global KW - international cooperation KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - safety KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51382655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=International+repositories%3B+an+essential+complement+to+national+facilities&rft.au=McCombie%2C+Charles%3BChapman%2C+Neil%3BKurzeme%2C+Marcis%3BStoll%2C+Ralph&rft.aulast=McCombie&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - design; development; geologic hazards; global; international cooperation; programs; radioactive waste; safety; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Present status, objectives, and preliminary geological suitability assessment for LILW disposal in Slovenia AN - 51382621; 2007-089802 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Tomse, Peter AU - Mele, Irena AU - Zeleznik, Nadja A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 237 EP - 244 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - intermediate-level waste KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - tectonic elements KW - Slovenia KW - petrology KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - characterization KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - Southern Europe KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - boreholes KW - underground installations KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - design KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51382621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Present+status%2C+objectives%2C+and+preliminary+geological+suitability+assessment+for+LILW+disposal+in+Slovenia&rft.au=Tomse%2C+Peter%3BMele%2C+Irena%3BZeleznik%2C+Nadja&rft.aulast=Tomse&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; boreholes; characterization; decision-making; design; Europe; hydrology; intermediate-level waste; low-level waste; petrology; radioactive waste; risk assessment; site exploration; Slovenia; Southern Europe; tectonic elements; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress towards a deep geological repository in the Czech Republic AN - 51382588; 2007-089787 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Woller, Frantisek AU - Nachmilner, Lumir A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 97 EP - 104 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - protection KW - monitoring KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - regulations KW - legislation KW - Europe KW - decision-making KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - Czech Republic KW - safety KW - seismicity KW - Central Europe KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51382588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Progress+towards+a+deep+geological+repository+in+the+Czech+Republic&rft.au=Woller%2C+Frantisek%3BNachmilner%2C+Lumir&rft.aulast=Woller&rft.aufirst=Frantisek&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central Europe; Czech Republic; decision-making; environmental effects; Europe; legislation; monitoring; protection; radioactive waste; regulations; safety; seismicity; site exploration; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site selection and characterization for a low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste repository in the Republic of Croatia AN - 51382571; 2007-089786 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Schaller, Antun A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 85 EP - 95 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - intermediate-level waste KW - imagery KW - monitoring KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - characterization KW - Europe KW - satellite methods KW - Southern Europe KW - radioactive waste KW - environmental management KW - safety KW - geographic information systems KW - underground installations KW - Croatia KW - information systems KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - underground disposal KW - remote sensing KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51382571?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Site+selection+and+characterization+for+a+low-+and+intermediate-level+radioactive+waste+repository+in+the+Republic+of+Croatia&rft.au=Schaller%2C+Antun&rft.aulast=Schaller&rft.aufirst=Antun&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; Croatia; environmental management; Europe; geographic information systems; imagery; information systems; intermediate-level waste; low-level waste; monitoring; radioactive waste; remote sensing; safety; satellite methods; site exploration; Southern Europe; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction to Geological challenges in radioactive waste isolation; third worldwide review AN - 51382434; 2007-089778 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Witherspoon, P A AU - Bodvarsson, G S A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - models KW - case studies KW - high-level waste KW - technology KW - safety KW - underground storage KW - underground installations KW - decision-making KW - waste disposal KW - low-level waste KW - radioactive waste KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51382434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+Geological+challenges+in+radioactive+waste+isolation%3B+third+worldwide+review&rft.au=Witherspoon%2C+P+A%3BBodvarsson%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Witherspoon&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; decision-making; high-level waste; low-level waste; models; radioactive waste; safety; technology; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary site characterization at Beishan, northwest China; a potential site for China's high-level radioactive waste repository AN - 51263789; 2007-089785 JF - LBNL - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory AU - Wang, Ju AU - Xue, Weiming AU - Zheng, Hualing AU - Su, Rui A2 - Witherspoon, P. A. A2 - Bodvarsson, G. S. Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 77 EP - 84 PB - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - high-level waste KW - tectonic elements KW - petrology KW - Far East KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - characterization KW - Gansu China KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Beishan China KW - boreholes KW - northwestern China KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - Asia KW - underground disposal KW - China KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51263789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Preliminary+site+characterization+at+Beishan%2C+northwest+China%3B+a+potential+site+for+China%27s+high-level+radioactive+waste+repository&rft.au=Wang%2C+Ju%3BXue%2C+Weiming%3BZheng%2C+Hualing%3BSu%2C+Rui&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Ju&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=LBNL+-+Lawrence+Berkeley+National+Laboratory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Technical Information Service, order number DE2002-801948NEG, Springfield, VA, United States N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04577 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; bedrock; Beishan China; boreholes; characterization; China; Far East; Gansu China; ground water; high-level waste; hydrology; northwestern China; petrology; radioactive waste; site exploration; tectonic elements; underground disposal; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-Darcy displacement of immiscible fluids in porous media AN - 50153775; 2002-053938 AB - This paper presents a Buckley-Leverett analytical solution for non-Darcy displacement of two immiscible fluids in porous media. The multiphase non-Darcy displacement is described using a Forchheimer equation or other non-Darcy flow correlations under multiphase flow conditions. The analytical solution is used to obtain some insight into the physics of displacement involving non-Darcy flow effects in porous media. The solution reveals how non-Darcy displacement is controlled not only by relative permeability curves but also by non-Darcy flow coefficients as well as injection or flow rates. This analytical solution is then applied to verify a numerical simulator for modeling multiphase non-Darcy flow. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wu, Yu-Shu Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 2943 EP - 2950 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 37 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - soils KW - petroleum engineering KW - hydraulics KW - immiscibility KW - unsaturated zone KW - hydrodynamics KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - non-Darcy displacement KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50153775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Non-Darcy+displacement+of+immiscible+fluids+in+porous+media&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Shu&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Shu&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000389 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - equations; fluid dynamics; hydraulics; hydrodynamics; immiscibility; non-Darcy displacement; petroleum engineering; porosity; porous materials; soils; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000389 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A coupled inversion of pressure and surface displacement AN - 50153589; 2002-053947 AB - A coupled inversion of transient pressure observations and surface displacement measurements provides an efficient technique for estimating subsurface permeability variations. The methodology has the advantage of utilizing surface observations, which are typically much less expensive than measurements requiring boreholes. Furthermore, unlike many other geophysical observables, the relationship between surface deformation and reservoir pore fluid volume changes is relatively well understood. Our treatment enables us to partition the estimation problem into a sequence of three linear subproblems. An application of the approach to a set of tilt and borehole pressure data from the Raymond field site in California illustrates its efficiency and utility. The observations are associated with a well test in which fluid is withdrawn from a shallow fracture zone. During the test, 13 tiltmeters recorded the movement of the ground surface. Simultaneously, nine transducers measured pressure changes in boreholes intersecting the fracture system. We are able to image a high permeability, north trending channel located within the fracture zone. The existence and orientation of this high-permeability feature is substantiated by a semiquantitative analysis of some 4000 transient pressure curves. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Vasco, D W AU - Karasaki, Kenzi AU - Kishida, Kiyoshi Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - December 2001 SP - 3071 EP - 3089 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 37 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - geologic hazards KW - land subsidence KW - fluid dynamics KW - deformation KW - oil and gas fields KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - California KW - drawdown KW - Wilmington Field KW - Raymond Field KW - Los Angeles Basin KW - hydrodynamics KW - permeability KW - field studies KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50153589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+coupled+inversion+of+pressure+and+surface+displacement&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W%3BKarasaki%2C+Kenzi%3BKishida%2C+Kiyoshi&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3071&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000391 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; California; deformation; drawdown; experimental studies; field studies; fluid dynamics; geologic hazards; ground water; hydrodynamics; land subsidence; Los Angeles Basin; oil and gas fields; permeability; Raymond Field; United States; Wilmington Field DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000391 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A geostatistical approach for mapping thematic classification accuracy and evaluating the impact of inaccurate spatial data on ecological model predictions AN - 18574210; 5353510 AB - Spatial information in the form of geographical information system coverages and remotely sensed imagery is increasingly used in ecological modeling. Examples include maps of land cover type from which ecologically relevant properties, such as biomass or leaf area index, are derived. Spatial information, however, is not error-free: acquisition and processing errors, as well as the complexity of the physical processes involved, make remotely sensed data imperfect measurements of ecological attributes. It is therefore important to first assess the accuracy of the spatial information being used and then evaluate the impact of such inaccurate information on ecological model predictions. In this paper, the role of geostatistics for mapping thematic classification accuracy through integration of abundant image-derived (soft) and sparse higher accuracy (hard) class labels is presented. Such assessment leads to local indices of map quality, which can be used for guiding additional ground surveys. Stochastic simulation is proposed for generating multiple alternative realizations (maps) of the spatial distribution of the higher accuracy class labels over the study area. All simulated realizations are consistent with the available pieces of information (hard and soft labels) up to their validated level of accuracy. The simulated alternative class label representations can be used for assessing joint spatial accuracy, i.e., classification accuracy regarding entire spatial features read from the thematic map. Such realizations can also serve as input parameters to spatially explicit ecological models; the resulting distribution of ecological responses provides a model of uncertainty regarding the ecological model prediction. A case study illustrates the generation of alternative land cover maps for a Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) subscene, and the subsequent construction of local map quality indices. Simulated land cover maps are then input into a biogeochemical model for assessing uncertainty regarding net primary production (NPP). JF - Environmental and Ecological Statistics AU - Kyriakidis, P C AU - Dungan, J L AD - Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA, pckyriakidis@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 311 EP - 330 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 1352-8505, 1352-8505 KW - Classification KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Ecology research KW - Remote sensing of environment KW - Remote sensing KW - Thematic Mapper data analysis KW - Geographic information systems KW - Stochasticity KW - Primary production KW - Models KW - D 04002:Surveying and remote sensing KW - M2 551.501:Methods of Observation/Computations (551.501) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18574210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Ecological+Statistics&rft.atitle=A+geostatistical+approach+for+mapping+thematic+classification+accuracy+and+evaluating+the+impact+of+inaccurate+spatial+data+on+ecological+model+predictions&rft.au=Kyriakidis%2C+P+C%3BDungan%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Kyriakidis&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Ecological+Statistics&rft.issn=13528505&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Remote sensing; Primary production; Geographic information systems; Stochasticity; Models; Thematic Mapper data analysis; Remote sensing of environment; Ecology research ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of nitrogen dioxide photolysis rates in an urban area using data from the 1997 Southern California Ozone Study AN - 18262342; 5314464 AB - The photolysis of nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde are two of the most influential reactions in the formation of photochemical air pollution, and their rates are computed using actinic flux determined from a radiative transfer model. In this study, we compare predicted and measured nitrogen dioxide photolysis rate coefficients (j sub(NO[sub]2)). We used the Tropospheric Ultraviolet-Visible (TUV) radiation transfer model to predict j sub(NO[sub]2) values corresponding to measurements performed in Riverside, California as part of the 1997 Southern California Ozone Study (SCOS'97). Spectrally resolved irradiance measured at the same site allowed us to determine atmospheric optical properties, such as aerosol optical depth and total ozone column, that are needed as inputs for the radiative transfer model. Matching measurements of aerosol optical depth, ozone column, and j sub(NO[sub]2) were obtained for 14 days during SCOS'97. By using collocated measurements of the light extinction caused by aerosols and ozone over the full height of the atmosphere as model input, it was possible to predict sudden changes in j sub(NO[sub]2) resulting from atmospheric variability. While the diurnal profile of the rate coefficient was readily reproduced, j sub(NO[sub]2) model predicted values were found to be consistently higher than measured values. The bias between measured and predicted values was 17-36%, depending on the assumed single scattering albedo. By statistical analysis, we restricted the most likely values of the single scattering albedo to a range that produced bias on the order of 20-25%. It is likely that measurement error is responsible for a significant part of the bias. The aerosol single scattering albedo was found to be a major source of uncertainty in radiative transfer model predictions. Our best estimate indicates its average value at UV-wavelengths for the period of interest is between 0.77 and 0.85. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Vuilleumier, L AU - Bamer, J T AU - Harley, R A AU - Brown, N J AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, 29C Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, l_vuilleumier@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 6525 EP - 6537 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 36 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Total ozone content KW - Optical depth of aerosol determination KW - Light scattering KW - Statistical analysis KW - Optical analysis KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Formaldehyde photochemistry KW - Urban areas KW - Ozone KW - USA, California, South KW - Scattering by aerosols KW - Photolysis KW - Aerosols KW - Radiative transfer models KW - Photolysis rate calculations KW - Photolysis of nitrogen dioxide KW - USA, California, Riverside KW - M2 551.510.43:Photochemical Processes (551.510.43) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.510.421:Surface and planetary boundary layer (551.510.421) KW - M2 551.521.31:Solar radiation (551.521.31) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18262342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+nitrogen+dioxide+photolysis+rates+in+an+urban+area+using+data+from+the+1997+Southern+California+Ozone+Study&rft.au=Vuilleumier%2C+L%3BBamer%2C+J+T%3BHarley%2C+R+A%3BBrown%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Vuilleumier&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=36&rft.spage=6525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, California, South; USA, California, Riverside; Nitrogen dioxide; Photolysis; Ozone; Ultraviolet radiation; Urban areas; Aerosols; Optical analysis; Statistical analysis; Light scattering; Photolysis of nitrogen dioxide; Formaldehyde photochemistry; Radiative transfer models; Photolysis rate calculations; Optical depth of aerosol determination; Scattering by aerosols; Total ozone content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphoaspartates in bacterial signal transduction AN - 18241717; 5303899 AB - Bacteria use a strategy referred to as two-component signal transduction to sense a variety of stimuli and initiate an appropriate response. Signal processing begins with proteins referred to as histidine kinases. In most cases, these are membrane-bound receptors that respond to environmental cues. Histidine kinases use ATP as a phosphodonor to phosphorylate a conserved histidine residue. Subsequent transfer of the phosphoryl group to a conserved aspartyl residue in the cognate response regulator results in an appropriate output. Recent structural studies of activated (phosphorylated) response regulators and their aspartate-bearing regulatory domains have provided insight into the links between the chemistry and biology of these ubiquitous regulatory proteins. Chemical aspects of their function appear to generalize broadly to enzymes that adopt a phosphoaspartate intermediate. JF - Current Opinion in Structural Biology AU - Cho, H S AU - Pelton, J G AU - Yan, D AU - Kustu, S AU - Wemmer, DE AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, DEWemmer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 679 EP - 684 VL - 11 IS - 6 SN - 0959-440X, 0959-440X KW - histidine kinase KW - phosphoaspartates KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Phosphorylation KW - Environmental effects KW - ATP KW - Structure-activity relationships KW - Signal transduction KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18241717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Structural+Biology&rft.atitle=Phosphoaspartates+in+bacterial+signal+transduction&rft.au=Cho%2C+H+S%3BPelton%2C+J+G%3BYan%2C+D%3BKustu%2C+S%3BWemmer%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Structural+Biology&rft.issn=0959440X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Signal transduction; Environmental effects; Structure-activity relationships; ATP; Phosphorylation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water flow within a fault in altered nonwelded tuff AN - 17082635; 6711671 AB - In situ flow experiments were conducted at Alcove 4 in the Exploratory Studies Facility at Yucca Mountain to investigate flow dynamics in a small normal fault located in zeolitically and argillically altered tuffs of the nonwelded rocks of the Paintbrush group. Water was released at constant head into a packed-off interval straddling the fault within a horizontal borehole. Changes in water-intake rate into the interval were monitored along with saturation in the formation using boreholes installed with electrical resistivity probes. For water released into the fault the water-intake rate gradually fell from sim200 to 50 mL min super(-1) over a period of 41 hours of cumulative release time spread over 17 days of testing. Resistance changes recorded by electrical resistivity probes in matrix rock on either side of the fault interval suggest that flow in the fault spread out laterally in the fault plane. The time for the wetting front to travel 1 m in the fault was initially sim0.15 days. Subsequent tests in the fault showed the response time to be dependent on wetting history, with a faster response observed in a wetter system. Data analysis using the numerical code TOUGH2/ITOUGH2 reveals that a simple decline in permeability caused by simulated clay swelling can explain the experimental observations. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2001/12// PY - 2001 DA - Dec 2001 SP - 3043 EP - 3056 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 37 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Paper No. 2001WR000322. KW - Travel KW - USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. KW - Probes KW - Boreholes KW - Resistivity KW - Clays KW - Permeability KW - Resistance KW - History KW - Wetting KW - Testing Procedures KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Flow Discharge KW - Saturation KW - Data analysis KW - Rocks KW - Fronts KW - Water resources research KW - Groundwater Movement KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17082635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Water+flow+within+a+fault+in+altered+nonwelded+tuff&rft.au=Salve%2C+Rohit%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M&rft.aulast=Salve&rft.aufirst=Rohit&rft.date=2001-12-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3043&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fronts; Water resources research; Data analysis; Testing Procedures; Travel; Geologic Fractures; Probes; Flow Discharge; Saturation; Boreholes; Resistivity; Clays; Permeability; Rocks; Resistance; Wetting; History; Groundwater Movement; USA, Nevada, Yucca Mt. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inversion of pressure observations: an integral formulation AN - 18209040; 5276449 AB - It is possible to express the inverse problem for flow in an integral form. The integral formulation affords some insight concerning the recovery of subsurface flow properties. In particular, we find that rapid or high frequency variations in head are primarily sensitive to the specific storage. Conversely, slow or low frequency variations are most strongly influenced by hydraulic conductivity. The nonlinearity of the inverse problem is due to the presence of product terms in which the head field, or its gradient, multiplies a term dependent on flow properties. Thus, in their discrete form, the equations describing the inverse problem are algebraic. The integral formulation provides an alternative approach to linearizing the inverse problem, the Born approximation. We apply the methodology to data from a set of crosswell pressure tests conducted at the Raymond field site. We are able to image two fracture zones within the granitic subsurface. The location of these zones agrees with results from crosswell seismic tomography and borehole logging. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Vasco, D W AU - Karasaki, K AD - Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, University of California, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mailstop 90-1116, Berkeley CA 94720, USA, dwvasco@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/11/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Nov 15 SP - 27 EP - 40 VL - 253 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Aquifers KW - Conductance KW - Mathematical Equations KW - Groundwater flow KW - Permeability Coefficient KW - Boreholes KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Storage KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Geohydrology KW - Pressure Head KW - Geophysics KW - Groundwater KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18209040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Inversion+of+pressure+observations%3A+an+integral+formulation&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W%3BKarasaki%2C+K&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2001-11-15&rft.volume=253&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Groundwater flow; Aquifers; Flow; Conductance; Geophysics; Boreholes; Mathematical analysis; Storage; Mathematical Studies; Mathematical Equations; Pressure Head; Geohydrology; Groundwater; Permeability Coefficient ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fracture variability and hydrologic implications at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 52077192; 2002-061253 AB - An understanding of the role of fractures at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, is needed to evaluate the suitability of the site to host a high-level nuclear waste repository. Current infiltration rates at Yucca Mountain require water to move through some fractures in the unsaturated welded units because the matrix porosity and permeability of these units are too small to accommodate the total flow. Though only about 20% of connected fractures are estimated to actively transmit water, flow and transport within fractures can greatly affect repository performance because fractures could be fast pathways for migration of radioactive particles. Under the current design, the potential repository would be located in a densely welded tuff sequence with highly variable fracture characteristics. This variability, resulting largely from the presence of lithophysal cavities, creates heterogeneous flow patterns through the unsaturated zone. Lithophysal cavities interrupt the continuity of fractures they intersect and may locally influence fracture propagation. In welded nonlithophysal zones, fractures tend to be longer and more widely spaced than in lithophysal zones, which generally display a greater number of closely spaced, short-length fractures. Seepage of water into potential waste-emplacement drifts will be affected by the fracture characteristics within the surrounding rock wall. Fractures with sufficient capillary suction, permeability, and lateral connectivity can enhance capillary barrier effects and lateral diversion around drift openings, thus reducing the potential for seepage. Lithophysal units, which have high secondary permeability owing to an abundance of well-connected small fractures capable of accommodating lateral flow, may be more favorable for repository performance (i. e., promote less seepage) than nonlithophysal units. Conceptual models for fracture flow based on mapped geometric and hydrologic fracture characteristics are presented, emphasizing the relevant subset of all fractures occurring within the unsaturated tuffs that may impact potential repository performance. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hinds, Jennifer J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 199 EP - 200 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - volcanic rocks KW - underground storage KW - igneous rocks KW - Nye County Nevada KW - environmental analysis KW - Miocene KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - fractures KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - underground installations KW - hydrodynamics KW - tuff KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52077192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Fracture+variability+and+hydrologic+implications+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Hinds%2C+Jennifer+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hinds&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; environmental analysis; fractures; hydrodynamics; hydrology; igneous rocks; Miocene; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; tuff; underground installations; underground storage; United States; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural analogs; independent reasoning for building confidence in deep geologic disposal of nuclear waste AN - 52075783; 2002-061256 AB - Natural analogs provide an independent line of reasoning that supports the understanding of how natural and engineered processes would occur over time frames of thousands of years and km-size spatial scales at a potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Analogs also serve an important function in illustrating technical concepts related to waste isolation to the public. Care is exercised in the selection of appropriate analogs to exclude those for which initial or boundary conditions are poorly known and where important data, such as the source term, are poorly constrained or may not be attainable. Although typically focus is placed on settings having analogous processes rather than on total system analogs, the attempt is made to match as many features and processes as possible when identifying suitable analogs. Negative analogs are also instructive in demonstrating why certain processes are not expected to occur. Although analogs are used in a quantitative or qualitative sense to support every process and sub-process model (e.g., waste package degradation, waste form dissolution, seepage into drifts, colloidal transport of radionuclides), emphasized here are examples of analogs to flow and transport under ambient and thermally-driven conditions in the unsaturated zone. For instance, around the approximately 8 Ma uranium ore deposit at Pena Blanca, Mexico, uranium transport in unsaturated, welded ash flow tuff has been almost entirely along mesofractures ( approximately 0.5 cm aperture) with almost no matrix diffusion. The majority of our uranium-series data indicate a system closed to uranium migration for the past 300 k.y. Second, analyses of selected Yellowstone core horizons within conductive and convective regimes demonstrate episodic and lithology-controlled permeability changes. Third, at Paiute Ridge, Nevada, where a basaltic sill intruded rhyolitic ash flow tuff, alteration-accompanied permeability changes diminish rapidly with distance from the sill-tuff contact. The implications of observations and modeling results from these and additional studies are discussed. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Simmons, Ardyth M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 200 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - underground storage KW - public awareness KW - igneous rocks KW - Nye County Nevada KW - environmental analysis KW - Miocene KW - radioactive waste KW - Cenozoic KW - Topopah Spring Member KW - pyroclastics KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - natural analogs KW - underground installations KW - tuff KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52075783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Natural+analogs%3B+independent+reasoning+for+building+confidence+in+deep+geologic+disposal+of+nuclear+waste&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Ardyth+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Ardyth&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; environmental analysis; igneous rocks; Miocene; natural analogs; Neogene; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; public awareness; pyroclastics; radioactive waste; Tertiary; Topopah Spring Member; tuff; underground installations; underground storage; United States; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotope tracking of fluid infiltration through the vadose zone at Hanford, Washington AN - 51891828; 2004-013291 AB - During the Cold War era, the Hanford site was used for the production of nuclear weapons fuel. The significant amounts of high-level radioactive waste generated there are currently stored in tanks at the site, some of which are known to be leaking. Also, lower-level waste was discharged directly to the ground. In order to understand the movement of these contaminants through the vadose zone, we have been measuring the isotopic compositions of pore water extracted from vadose zone core samples and groundwater from Hanford. The vadose zone at Hanford consists of glacial sediments with interbedded caliche layers. Water contents here range from 2 to 8% (by weight) with perched water zones developed above some of the less permeable sediments and caliches. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions of vadose zone pore water in a core drilled at a relatively undisturbed site are significantly evaporated (d18O values shifted by 2-4 per mil). Exceptions include samples from a perched water layer and from the saturated zone, both of which have not been evaporated. This indicates that they are primarily derived from lateral fluid flow, not vertical infiltration. Analyses of the tritium content and chemical composition of the perched water indicates that it is partially derived from site activities (the core was drilled approximately 50 m from an infiltration pond). In addition, a series of infiltration tests were conducted a separate site. In May/June of 2000, 5 aliquots of approximately 4000 L of water were released to the subsurface to simulate a leaking tank. D2O and Br- were added to the third of these aliquots. After 3 weeks, the tracers had spread out laterally through unsaturated sediments above a low-permeability layer. The highest measured concentrations were >50% of the initial (despite the tracer solution representing only 20% of the total water injected). After 2.5 months, the tracer solution had spread somewhat further (maximum concentrations had dropped to approximately 30% of the initial). After 9 months, there was little difference in the D2O concentrations, indicating no further movement of the tracers. These studies indicate that infiltration of fluids through the vadose zone is limited unless enhanced by excess fluid. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Woods, Katharine N AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 111 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - caliche KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - seepage KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - perched aquifers KW - movement KW - sediments KW - deuterium KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - O-18/O-16 KW - aquifers KW - radioactive tracers KW - infiltration KW - hydrogen KW - waste disposal KW - carbonate rocks KW - low-level waste KW - pore water KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51891828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Isotope+tracking+of+fluid+infiltration+through+the+vadose+zone+at+Hanford%2C+Washington&rft.au=Woods%2C+Katharine+N%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Woods&rft.aufirst=Katharine&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; caliche; carbonate rocks; deuterium; ground water; Hanford Site; hydrogen; infiltration; isotope ratios; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; low-level waste; movement; O-18/O-16; oxygen; perched aquifers; pollutants; pollution; pore water; radioactive tracers; radioactive waste; sedimentary rocks; sediments; seepage; simulation; stable isotopes; United States; unsaturated zone; Washington; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrology of Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 50150683; 2003-010927 AB - Yucca Mountain, located in southern Nevada in the Mojave Desert, is being considered as a geologic repository for high-level radioactive waste. Although the site is arid, previous studies indicate net infiltration rates of 5-10 mm yr (super -1) under current climate conditions. Unsaturated flow of water through the mountain generally is vertical and rapid through the fractures of the welded tuffs and slow through the matrix of the nonwelded tuffs. The vitric-zeolitic boundary of the nonwelded tuffs below the potential repository, where it exists, causes perching and substantial lateral flow that eventually flows through faults near the eastern edge of the potential repository and recharges the underlying groundwater system. Fast pathways are located where water flows relatively quickly through the unsaturated zone to the water table. For the bulk of the water a large part of the travel time from land surface to the potential repository horizon ( approximately 300 m below land surface) is through the interlayered, low fracture density, nonwelded tuff where flow is predominately through the matrix. The unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain is being modeled using a three-dimensional, dual-continuum numerical model to predict the results of measurements and observations in new boreholes and excavations. The interaction between experimentalists and modelers is providing confidence in the conceptual model and the numerical model and is providing researchers with the ability to plan further testing and to evaluate the usefulness or necessity of further data collection. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Reviews of Geophysics AU - Flint, Alan L AU - Flint, Lorraine E AU - Kwicklis, Edward M AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Fabryka-Martin, June Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - November 2001 SP - 447 EP - 470 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 8755-1209, 8755-1209 KW - United States KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - unsaturated zone KW - Nye County Nevada KW - ground water KW - water table KW - saturated zone KW - recharge KW - Mojave Desert KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50150683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Hydrology+of+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Flint%2C+Alan+L%3BFlint%2C+Lorraine+E%3BKwicklis%2C+Edward+M%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BFabryka-Martin%2C+June&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+Geophysics&rft.issn=87551209&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F1999RG000075 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/rg/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 69 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RGPSBL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; Mojave Desert; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; recharge; saturated zone; three-dimensional models; United States; unsaturated zone; water table; Yucca Mountain DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999RG000075 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extracellular Signaling through the Microenvironment: A Hypothesis Relating Carcinogenesis, Bystander Effects, and Genomic Instability AN - 19623830; 8693280 AB - Barcellos-Hoff, M. H. and Brooks, A. L. Extracellular Signaling through the Microenvironment: A Hypothesis Relating Carcinogenesis, Bystander Effects, and Genomic Instability. Radiat. Res. 156, 618-627 (2001). Cell growth, differentiation and death are directed in large part by extracellular signaling through the interactions of cells with other cells and with the extracellular matrix; these interactions are in turn modulated by cytokines and growth factors, i.e. the microenvironment. Here we discuss the idea that extracellular signaling integrates multicellular damage responses that are important deterrents to the development of cancer through mechanisms that eliminate abnormal cells and inhibit neoplastic behavior. As an example, we discuss the action of transforming growth factor beta (TGFB1) as an extracellular sensor of damage. We propose that radiation-induced bystander effects and genomic instability are, respectively, positive and negative manifestations of this homeostatic process. Bystander effects exhibited predominantly after a low-dose or a nonhomogeneous radiation exposure are extracellular signaling pathways that modulate cellular repair and death programs. Persistent disruption of extracellular signaling after exposure to relatively high doses of ionizing radiation may lead to the accumulation of aberrant cells that are genomically unstable. Understanding radiation effects in terms of coordinated multicellular responses that affect decisions regarding the fate of a cell may necessitate re-evaluation of radiation dose and risk concepts and provide avenues for intervention. JF - Radiation Research AU - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen AU - Brooks, Antone L AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, MHBarcellos-Hoff@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 618 EP - 627 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. VL - 156 IS - 5 SN - 0033-7587, 0033-7587 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Transforming growth factor- beta 1 KW - Cancer KW - Differentiation KW - Genomic instability KW - Deterrents KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Extracellular matrix KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Transforming growth factor- beta KW - Microenvironments KW - Cytokines KW - Signal transduction KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19623830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Research&rft.atitle=Extracellular+Signaling+through+the+Microenvironment%3A+A+Hypothesis+Relating+Carcinogenesis%2C+Bystander+Effects%2C+and+Genomic+Instability&rft.au=Barcellos-Hoff%2C+Mary+Helen%3BBrooks%2C+Antone+L&rft.aulast=Barcellos-Hoff&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=618&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+Research&rft.issn=00337587&rft_id=info:doi/10.1667%2F0033-7587%282001%291562.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transforming growth factor- beta 1; Differentiation; Deterrents; Genomic instability; Extracellular matrix; Ionizing radiation; Transforming growth factor- beta; Carcinogenesis; Cytokines; Microenvironments; Cancer; Signal transduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0618:ESTTMA]2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Addressing energy-related challenges for the US buildings sector: results from the clean energy futures study AN - 18271107; 5329439 AB - This article presents dollar, energy, and carbon savings associated with adoption of more energy-efficient technologies in the buildings sector for two policy scenarios that represent departures from business-as-usual (BAU) case assumptions. Both scenarios result in net savings in the total cost of providing energy services relative to the BAU case (accounting for fuel expenditures and the direct incremental costs of efficiency programs and investments in the scenario), while still saving energy and reducing carbon emissions. Primary energy savings for the building sector are about 18% in the advanced scenario in 2020 relative to the BAU case. Total carbon savings in that year, including both demand and supply side effects, are almost 40% of BAU emissions. These savings reduce carbon emissions from this sector to below 1990 levels by 2020. JF - Energy Policy AU - Koomey, J G AU - Webber, CA AU - Atkinson, C S AU - Nicholls, A AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, 510/486-5974, USA, jgkoomey@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1209 EP - 1221 VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - USA KW - Carbon KW - Economics KW - Emission control KW - Construction industry KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18271107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Addressing+energy-related+challenges+for+the+US+buildings+sector%3A+results+from+the+clean+energy+futures+study&rft.au=Koomey%2C+J+G%3BWebber%2C+CA%3BAtkinson%2C+C+S%3BNicholls%2C+A&rft.aulast=Koomey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Construction industry; Emission control; Economics; Energy efficiency; Carbon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Policy scenarios for energy efficiency improvement in industry AN - 18271060; 5329440 AB - We have investigated three policy scenarios, entailing different degrees of commitment to improve energy efficiency to address the energy, economic and environmental challenges faced by the US industry. The scenarios reflect alternative views of the urgency with which policymakers and the American people will view these challenges and the policies they will seek. The industry consumes about 37% of primary energy in the United States, and is expected to grow under business-as-usual conditions. The policy scenarios find energy efficiency improvements from 7% to 17% beyond business as usual by 2020 for the Moderate and Advanced scenarios, respectively. The study demonstrates that there are substantial potentials for further efficiency improvement in the industry. However, an integrated policy framework that accounts for the different characteristics of industrial sector decision-makers, technologies and sectors is needed to achieve these potentials. JF - Energy Policy AU - Worrell, E AU - Price, L AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, MS:90-4000, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, eworrell@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1223 EP - 1241 VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Government policies KW - decision making KW - USA KW - Economics KW - Industrial pollution KW - Pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18271060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Policy+scenarios+for+energy+efficiency+improvement+in+industry&rft.au=Worrell%2C+E%3BPrice%2C+L&rft.aulast=Worrell&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Government policies; Energy efficiency; Industrial pollution; decision making; Pollution control; Economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for cost-effective carbon reductions: a sensitivity analysis of alternative scenarios AN - 18270718; 5329446 AB - Analyses of alternative futures often present results for a limited set of scenarios, with little, if any, sensitivity analysis to identify the factors affecting the scenario results. This approach creates an artificial impression of certainty associated with the scenarios considered, and inhibits understanding of the underlying forces. This paper summarizes the economic and carbon savings sensitivity analysis completed for the Scenarios for a Clean Energy Future study (Interlaboratory Working Group, 2000). Its 19 sensitivity cases provide insight into the costs and carbon-reduction impacts of a carbon permit trading system, demand-side efficiency programs, and supply-side policies. Impacts under different natural gas and oil price trajectories are also examined. The results provide compelling evidence that policy opportunities exist in the United States to reduce carbon emissions and save society money. JF - Energy Policy AU - Gumerman, E AU - Koomey, J G AU - Brown, MA AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 90/4000, One Cyclotran Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, ezgumerman@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1313 EP - 1323 VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - USA KW - Carbon KW - Government policies KW - Economics KW - Emission control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18270718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+cost-effective+carbon+reductions%3A+a+sensitivity+analysis+of+alternative+scenarios&rft.au=Gumerman%2C+E%3BKoomey%2C+J+G%3BBrown%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Gumerman&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Carbon; Emission control; Government policies; Economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating bounds on the economy-wide effects of the CEF policy scenarios AN - 18268150; 5329445 AB - The Scenarios for a Clean Energy Future study relied primarily on "bottom-up" technology-based methods to estimate costs associated with its scenarios. These methods, however, do not allow for calculation of economy-wide or general equilibrium effects of the policies considered. We propose and apply a means of combining the bottom-up estimates with estimates of the costs associated with a carbon charge obtained from computable general equilibrium models. Our approach is based on the concept of production inefficiency: the economy lies within its production frontier with respect to the provision of energy services. The CEF technology policies are interpreted as moving the economy toward its frontier as well as moving the frontier outward, while the carbon charge induces a substitution effect along the frontier. This perspective allows a synthesis of the two sets of calculations. JF - Energy Policy AU - Sanstad, AH AU - DeCanio, S J AU - Boyd, G A AU - Koomey, J G AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, #1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, ahsanstad@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/11// PY - 2001 DA - Nov 2001 SP - 1299 EP - 1311 VL - 29 IS - 14 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Government policies KW - Emission control KW - USA KW - Carbon KW - Economics KW - Pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18268150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Estimating+bounds+on+the+economy-wide+effects+of+the+CEF+policy+scenarios&rft.au=Sanstad%2C+AH%3BDeCanio%2C+S+J%3BBoyd%2C+G+A%3BKoomey%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Sanstad&rft.aufirst=AH&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Government policies; Economics; Emission control; Carbon; Pollution control; Energy efficiency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Werner syndrome protein is regulated and phosphorylated by DNA-dependent protein kinase. AN - 72177987; 11477099 AB - DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are a highly mutagenic and potentially lethal damage that occurs in all organisms. Mammalian cells repair DSBs by homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining, the latter requiring DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). Werner syndrome is a disorder characterized by genomic instability, aging pathologies and defective WRN, a RecQ-like helicase with exonuclease activity. We show that WRN interacts directly with the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK (DNA-PK(CS)), which inhibits both the helicase and exonuclease activities of WRN. In addition we show that WRN forms a stable complex on DNA with DNA-PK(CS) and the DNA binding subunit Ku. This assembly reverses WRN enzymatic inhibition. Finally, we show that WRN is phosphorylated in vitro by DNA-PK and requires DNA-PK for phosphorylation in vivo, and that cells deficient in WRN are mildly sensitive to ionizing radiation. These data suggest that DNA-PK and WRN may function together in DNA metabolism and implicate WRN function in non-homologous end joining. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Yannone, S M AU - Roy, S AU - Chan, D W AU - Murphy, M B AU - Huang, S AU - Campisi, J AU - Chen, D J AD - Life Sciences Division, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2001/10/12/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Oct 12 SP - 38242 EP - 38248 VL - 276 IS - 41 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Androstadienes KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - DNA-Activated Protein Kinase KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases KW - Exodeoxyribonucleases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - DNA Helicases KW - EC 3.6.4.- KW - RecQ Helicases KW - EC 3.6.4.12 KW - WRN protein, human KW - Werner Syndrome Helicase KW - wortmannin KW - XVA4O219QW KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Non-programmatic KW - Base Sequence KW - Phosphorylation KW - Androstadienes -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Protein Binding KW - Werner Syndrome -- metabolism KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases -- metabolism KW - DNA Helicases -- metabolism KW - Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72177987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Werner+syndrome+protein+is+regulated+and+phosphorylated+by+DNA-dependent+protein+kinase.&rft.au=Yannone%2C+S+M%3BRoy%2C+S%3BChan%2C+D+W%3BMurphy%2C+M+B%3BHuang%2C+S%3BCampisi%2C+J%3BChen%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Yannone&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-10-12&rft.volume=276&rft.issue=41&rft.spage=38242&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-12-04 N1 - Date created - 2001-10-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constitutive relations for unsaturated flow in a fracture network AN - 52186499; 2001-068759 AB - Modeling water flow in unsaturated fractured rocks is of interest to many areas of active research, including geological disposal of nuclear waste and subsurface contaminant transport. A commonly used approach for modeling water flow in unsaturated fractured rocks is the continuum approach, in which the constitutive relation models, originally developed for porous media, have often been borrowed to represent constitutive relations for the fracture continuum. While these models have been successfully used for soils and other porous media, their usefulness and limitations have not been investigated for the fracture continuum. The objectives of this study are: (1) to present an evaluation of the commonly used van Genuchten (VG) and Brooks-Corey models by mainly comparing these models with constitutive relations simulated from two-dimensional fracture networks, and (2) to develop improved constitutive relation models based on the evaluation results. We find that the VG model can reasonably well match the simulated water retention curves (except for a range of high saturations), but both the VG and Brooks-Corey models generally underestimate relative permeability values. Simulation results also indicate that a combination of a modified Brooks-Corey relative permeability-saturation relation (obtained by introducing a new expression for tortuosity) and the VG capillary pressure-saturation relation can generally represent the simulated curves, with no additional parameters for this combination needed other than those used in the VG model. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 116 EP - 125 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 252 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - hydrology KW - fractured materials KW - fractures KW - van Genuchten model KW - numerical models KW - digital simulation KW - data processing KW - Brooks-Corey model KW - unsaturated zone KW - theoretical models KW - preferential flow KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52186499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Constitutive+relations+for+unsaturated+flow+in+a+fracture+network&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=252&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brooks-Corey model; data processing; digital simulation; fractured materials; fractures; hydrology; numerical models; preferential flow; theoretical models; unsaturated zone; van Genuchten model ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Orbital vibrator seismic source for simultaneous P- and S-wave crosswell acquisition AN - 52162481; 2002-003705 AB - A recently developed borehole seismic source, the orbital vibrator, was successfully deployed in a cross-well survey in a fractured basalt aquifer. This seismic source uses a rotating eccentric mass to generate seismic energy. Source sweeps with clockwise and counter-clockwise rotations are recorded at each source location. Because this source generates circularly polarized waves, unique processing algorithms are used to decompose the recordings into two equivalent linearly oscillating, orthogonally oriented seismic sources. The orbital vibrator therefore generates P- and S-waves simultaneously for all azimuths. A coordinate rotation based on P-wave particle motion is used to align the source components from various depths. In a field experiment, both P- and S-wave arrivals were recorded using fluid-coupled hydrophone sensors. The processed field data show clear separation of P- and S-wave arrivals for in-line and cross-line source components, respectively. A tensor convolutional description of the decomposition process allows for extension to multicomponent sensors. JF - Geophysics AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Cox, Dale Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 1471 EP - 1480 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 66 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - Snake River Plain Aquifer KW - petroleum exploration KW - P-waves KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - acceleration KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - frequency KW - seismic sources KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - algorithms KW - Idaho KW - body waves KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - seismic methods KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52162481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Orbital+vibrator+seismic+source+for+simultaneous+P-+and+S-wave+crosswell+acquisition&rft.au=Daley%2C+Thomas+M%3BCox%2C+Dale&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1471&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1487092 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acceleration; algorithms; aquifers; body waves; case studies; crosshole methods; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; frequency; geophysical methods; ground water; Idaho; P-waves; petroleum; petroleum exploration; remediation; reservoir rocks; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic sources; seismic waves; Snake River Plain Aquifer; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1487092 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of the drift scale heater test at Yucca Mountain for epithermal mineralization AN - 51889021; 2004-015178 AB - An 8-year long, drift scale heater test (DST) is currently underway at the underground Exploratory Studies Facility at Yucca Mountain in Nevada. The host rock for the DST is a highly fractured, welded tuff. The rock has approximately 10% matrix porosity 90% filled with water. After a little more than two years of heating, the temperature at the drift wall reached approximately 200 degrees C and has been maintained at that temperature for the past approximately 1.5 years. Gas and water (both vapor and liquid) have been collected from monitoring boreholes since the test began. The CO (sub 2) concentration of the gas and the isotopic compositions of the water and CO (sub 2) are measured. These data are used to constrain numerical models of coupled thermal, hydrological, and chemical processes occurring in the system. Despite obvious differences from epithermal systems (e.g., the DST is being conducted in an unsaturated system), the trends observed in the isotopic compositions of the water and CO (sub 2) have interesting implications for natural systems. In areas below boiling, the isotope ratios of the water are near that of the ambient porewater (delta (super 18) O about -12 per mil). Where significant amounts of vapor condensate occur (above the boiling front above the drift and in fracture zones to the sides of the drift), the delta (super 18) O values of the water are lower than the pore water, reflecting addition of low-delta (super 18) O steam condensate. Conversely, in boiling zones the delta (super 18) O values of the water become progressively higher, representing Rayleigh fractionation of the pore water as it is vaporized. As the temperature approaches boiling, the gas phase becomes dominated by water vapor. The remainder of the gas phase consists of air with elevated CO (sub 2) (up to 15%). The source of the CO (sub 2) is primarily dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the pore water. As the temperature increases, the delta (super 13) C values of the CO (sub 2) shift from approximate equilibrium with the pore water DIC (-15 per mil) to much higher values (>0 per mil). Dissolution of calcite in fractures is also a significant source of CO (sub 2) in regions with drainage of vapor condensate. Isotopic data from several Mexican epithermal vein systems will be discussed in light of these findings. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 97 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - volcanic rocks KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - water vapor KW - fracturing KW - solution KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - carbon KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - water KW - hydrology KW - epithermal processes KW - numerical models KW - welded tuff KW - isotope ratios KW - drift scale heater tests KW - C-13/C-12 KW - O-18/O-16 KW - veins KW - Nye County Nevada KW - gases KW - calcite KW - pyroclastics KW - Mexico KW - boiling KW - metal ores KW - carbonates KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51889021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Implications+of+the+drift+scale+heater+test+at+Yucca+Mountain+for+epithermal+mineralization&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Mark+E%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2001 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boiling; C-13/C-12; calcite; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbonates; drift scale heater tests; epithermal processes; fracturing; gases; hydrology; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; metal ores; Mexico; mineral deposits, genesis; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; O-18/O-16; oxygen; pore water; pyroclastics; solution; stable isotopes; temperature; United States; veins; volcanic rocks; water; water vapor; welded tuff; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tritium and (super 36) Cl as constraints on fast fracture flow and percolation flux in the unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain AN - 51177341; 2001-078567 AB - An analysis of tritium and (super 36) Cl data collected at Yucca Mountain, Nevada suggests that fracture flow may occur at high velocities through the thick unsaturated zone. The mechanisms and extent of this "fast flow" in fractures at Yucca Mountain are investigated with data analysis, mixing models and several one-dimensional modeling scenarios. The model results and data analysis provide evidence substantiating the weeps model [Gauthier, J. H., Wilson, M. L., Lauffer, F. C., 1992. Proceedings of the Third Annual International High-level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, vol. 1, Las Vegas, NV. American Nuclear Society, La Grange Park, IL, pp. 891-989] and suggest that fast flow in fractures with minimal fracture-matrix interaction may comprise a substantial proportion of the total infiltration through Yucca Mountain. Mixing calculations suggest that bomb-pulse tritium measurements, in general, represent the tail end of travel times for thermonuclear-test-era (bomb-pulse) infiltration. The data analysis shows that bomb-pulse tritium and (super 36) Cl measurements are correlated with discrete features such as horizontal fractures and areas where lateral flow may occur. The results presented here imply that fast flow in fractures may be ubiquitous at Yucca Mountain, occurring when transient infiltration (storms) generates flow in the connected fracture network. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Guerin, Marianne Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 257 EP - 288 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 51 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - isotopes KW - one-dimensional models KW - unsteady flow KW - halogens KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - tritium KW - preferential flow KW - environmental analysis KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - tracers KW - percolation KW - Yucca Mountain KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - chlorine KW - high-level waste KW - concentration KW - matrix KW - Cl-36 KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Nye County Nevada KW - aquifers KW - hydrogen KW - theoretical models KW - waste disposal KW - underground disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51177341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Tritium+and+%28super+36%29+Cl+as+constraints+on+fast+fracture+flow+and+percolation+flux+in+the+unsaturated+zone+at+Yucca+Mountain&rft.au=Guerin%2C+Marianne&rft.aulast=Guerin&rft.aufirst=Marianne&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chlorine; Cl-36; concentration; environmental analysis; fractures; ground water; halogens; high-level waste; hydrogen; hydrology; isotopes; matrix; migration of elements; Nevada; Nye County Nevada; one-dimensional models; percolation; pollution; preferential flow; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; theoretical models; tracers; tritium; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; unsteady flow; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solute transport along preferential flow paths in unsaturated fractures AN - 50157904; 2002-012048 AB - Laboratory experiments were conducted to study solute transport along preferential flow paths in unsaturated, inclined fractures. Qualitative aspects of solute transport were identified in a miscible dye tracer experiment conducted in a transparent replica of a natural granite fracture. Additional experiments were conducted to measure the breakthrough curves of a conservative tracer introduced into an established preferential flow path in two different fracture replicas and a rock-replica combination. The influence of gravity was investigated by varying fracture inclination. The relationship between the travel times of the solute and the relative influence of gravity was substantially affected by two modes of intermittent flow that occurred: the snapping rivulet and the pulsating blob modes. The measured travel times of the solute were evaluated with three transfer function models: the axial dispersion, the reactors-in-series, and the lognormal models. The three models described the solute travel times nearly equally well. A mechanistic model was also formulated to describe transport when the pulsating blob mode occurred which assumed blobs of water containing solute mixed with residual pools of water along the flow path. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Su, Grace W AU - Geller, Jil T AU - Pruess, Karsten AU - Hunt, James R Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 2481 EP - 2491 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 37 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - unsaturated zone KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - preferential flow KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - plutonic rocks KW - tracers KW - breakthrough curves KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50157904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Solute+transport+along+preferential+flow+paths+in+unsaturated+fractures&rft.au=Su%2C+Grace+W%3BGeller%2C+Jil+T%3BPruess%2C+Karsten%3BHunt%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Grace&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000WR000093 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breakthrough curves; environmental analysis; environmental effects; experimental studies; fractures; granites; ground water; igneous rocks; instruments; laboratory studies; models; plutonic rocks; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; solute transport; solutes; tracers; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000WR000093 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeological characterization of the South Oyster bacterial transport site using geophysical data AN - 50157846; 2002-012045 AB - A multidisciplinary research team has conducted a field-scale bacterial transport study within an uncontaminated sandy Pleistocene aquifer near Oyster, Virginia. The overall goal of the project was to evaluate the importance of heterogeneities in controlling the field-scale transport of bacteria that are injected into the ground for remediation purposes. Geochemical, hydrological, geological, and geophysical data were collected to characterize the site prior to conducting chemical and bacterial injection experiments. In this paper we focus on results of a hydrogeological characterization effort using geophysical data collected across a range of spatial scales. The geophysical data employed include surface ground-penetrating radar, radar cross-hole tomography, seismic cross-hole tomography, cone penetrometer, and borehole electromagnetic flowmeter. These data were used to interpret the subregional and local stratigraphy, to provide high-resolution hydraulic conductivity estimates, and to provide information about the log conductivity spatial correlation function. The information from geophysical data was used to guide and assist the field operations and to constrain the numerical bacterial transport model. Although more field work of this nature is necessary to validate the usefulness and cost-effectiveness of including geophysical data in the characterization effort, qualitative and quantitative comparisons between tomographically obtained flow and transport parameter estimates with hydraulic well bore and bromide breakthrough measurements suggest that geophysical data can provide valuable, high-resolution information. This information, traditionally only partially obtainable by performing extensive and intrusive well bore sampling, may help to reduce the ambiguity associated with hydrogeological heterogeneity that is often encountered when interpreting field-scale bacterial transport data. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Peterson, John AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Swift, Donald J AU - Mailloux, Brian AU - Rubin, Yoram Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - October 2001 SP - 2431 EP - 2456 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 37 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - penetrometers KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - South Oyster Site KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - transport KW - sediments KW - Accomack County Virginia KW - geochemistry KW - flowmeters KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - Virginia KW - Quaternary KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - Oyster Bay KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - Pleistocene KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50157846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Hydrogeological+characterization+of+the+South+Oyster+bacterial+transport+site+using+geophysical+data&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BPeterson%2C+John%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BSwift%2C+Donald+J%3BMailloux%2C+Brian%3BRubin%2C+Yoram&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2001WR000279 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Accomack County Virginia; aquifers; bacteria; bioremediation; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; environmental analysis; experimental studies; field studies; flowmeters; geochemistry; geophysical methods; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; hydrochemistry; organic compounds; Oyster Bay; penetrometers; Pleistocene; pollutants; pollution; Quaternary; radar methods; remediation; sand; sediments; South Oyster Site; transport; United States; Virginia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000279 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A computational approach to identify genes for functional RNAs in genomic sequences AN - 18289287; 5342202 AB - Currently there is no successful computational approach for identification of genes encoding novel functional RNAs (fRNAs) in genomic sequences. We have developed a machine learning approach using neural networks and support vector machines to extract common features among known RNAs for prediction of new RNA genes in the unannotated regions of prokaryotic and archaeal genomes. The Escherichia coli genome was used for development, but we have applied this method to several other bacterial and archaeal genomes. Networks based on nucleotide composition were 80-90% accurate in jackknife testing experiments for bacteria and 90-99% for hyperthermophilic archaea. We also achieved a significant improvement in accuracy by combining these predictions with those obtained using a second set of parameters consisting of known RNA sequence motifs and the calculated free energy of folding. Several known fRNAs not included in the training datasets were identified as well as several hundred predicted novel RNAs. These studies indicate that there are many unidentified RNAs in simple genomes that can be predicted computationally as a precursor to experimental study. Public access to our RNA gene predictions and an interface for user predictions is available via the web. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Carter, R J AU - Dubchak, I AU - Holbrook AD - Computational and Theoretical Biology Department, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, srholbrook@lb1.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 3928 EP - 3938 VL - 29 IS - 19 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - fRNAs KW - prokaryotes KW - archea KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Genomes KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Neural networks KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Base composition KW - World Wide Web KW - Genetics KW - Databases KW - RNA KW - Escherichia coli KW - Internet KW - J 02726:RNA and ribosomes KW - N 14100:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18289287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=A+computational+approach+to+identify+genes+for+functional+RNAs+in+genomic+sequences&rft.au=Carter%2C+R+J%3BDubchak%2C+I%3BHolbrook&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3928&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Neural networks; Artificial intelligence; Databases; Genomes; Internet; Base composition; Nucleotide sequence; RNA; Genetics; World Wide Web ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of guidelines and issues for the monitoring, evaluation, reporting, verification, and certification of forestry projects for climate change mitigation AN - 18220166; 5278913 AB - Monitoring and evaluation of forestry projects is needed to accurately determine their impact on greenhouse gas emissions and other attributes, and to ensure that the global climate is protected and that country obligations are met. We present an overview of guidelines recently developed for the monitoring, evaluation, reporting, verification, and certification of forestry projects for climate change mitigation. These guidelines are targeted to developers, evaluators, verifiers, and certifiers of forestry projects, and address several key issues, including methods for estimating gross and net carbon savings. The next phase of our work will be to develop a procedural handbook providing information on how one can complete monitoring, evaluation and verification forms. We then plan to test the usefulness of these handbooks in the real world. JF - Global Environmental Change, Part A: Human and Policy Dimensions AU - Vine, EL AU - Sathaye, JA AU - Makundi, W R AD - Energy Analysis Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-2000, Berkeley CA 94720 USA, elvine@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/10// PY - 2001 DA - Oct 2001 SP - 203 EP - 216 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 0959-3780, 0959-3780 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Climatic changes KW - Emission control KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Forestry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18220166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Environmental+Change%2C+Part+A%3A+Human+and+Policy+Dimensions&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+guidelines+and+issues+for+the+monitoring%2C+evaluation%2C+reporting%2C+verification%2C+and+certification+of+forestry+projects+for+climate+change+mitigation&rft.au=Vine%2C+EL%3BSathaye%2C+JA%3BMakundi%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Vine&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Environmental+Change%2C+Part+A%3A+Human+and+Policy+Dimensions&rft.issn=09593780&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forestry; Climatic changes; Greenhouse gases; Emission control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forestry Mitigation Potential and Costs in Developing Countries Preface AN - 755133085; 13633651 JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Sathaye, Jayant A AU - Makundi, Willy AU - Andrasko, Kenneth AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - Sep 2001 SP - 183 EP - 184 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 6 IS - 3-4 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755133085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Forestry+Mitigation+Potential+and+Costs+in+Developing+Countries+Preface&rft.au=Sathaye%2C+Jayant+A%3BMakundi%2C+Willy%3BAndrasko%2C+Kenneth&rft.aulast=Sathaye&rft.aufirst=Jayant&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FA%3A1013339404328 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013339404328 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field tracer-transport tests in unsaturated fractured tuff. AN - 71133806; 11530924 AB - This paper presents the results of a field investigation in the unsaturated, fractured welded tuff within the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF) at Yucca Mountain, NV. This investigation included a series of tests during which tracer-laced water was released into a high-permeability zone within a horizontal injection borehole. The tracer concentration was monitored in the seepage collected in an excavated slot about 1.6 m below the borehole. Results showed significant variability in the hydrologic response of fractures and the matrix. Analyses of the breakthrough curves suggest that flow and transport pathways are dynamic, rather than fixed, and related to liquid-release rates. Under high release rates, fractures acted as the predominant flow pathways, with limited fracture-matrix interaction. Under low release rates, fracture flow was comparatively less dominant, with a noticeable contribution from matrix flow. Observations of tracer concentrations rebounding in seepage water, following an interruption of flow, provided evidence of mass exchange between the fast-flowing fractures and slow- or non-flowing regions. The tests also showed the applicability of fluorinated benzoate tracers in situations where multiple tracers of similar physical properties are warranted. JF - Journal of contaminant hydrology AU - Hu, Q AU - Salve, R AU - Stringfellow, W T AU - Wang, J S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA. q_hu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 1 EP - 12 VL - 51 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Benzoic Acid KW - 8SKN0B0MIM KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid KW - Water Movements KW - Benzoic Acid -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71133806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.atitle=Field+tracer-transport+tests+in+unsaturated+fractured+tuff.&rft.au=Hu%2C+Q%3BSalve%2C+R%3BStringfellow%2C+W+T%3BWang%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+contaminant+hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-01-08 N1 - Date created - 2001-09-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling of seepage into underground openings AN - 52173545; 2001-073955 JF - Mining Engineering AU - Finsterle, S AU - Trautz, R C Y1 - 2001/09// PY - 2001 DA - September 2001 SP - 52 EP - 56 PB - Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, CO VL - 53 IS - 9 SN - 0026-5187, 0026-5187 KW - United States KW - high-level waste KW - volcanic rocks KW - numerical models KW - igneous rocks KW - unsaturated zone KW - Nye County Nevada KW - seepage KW - ash-flow tuff KW - pyroclastics KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - underground disposal KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52173545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mining+Engineering&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+of+seepage+into+underground+openings&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+S%3BTrautz%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2001-09-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mining+Engineering&rft.issn=00265187&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://me.smenet.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MIENAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ash-flow tuff; high-level waste; hydraulic conductivity; igneous rocks; Nevada; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; permeability; pyroclastics; seepage; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; volcanic rocks; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nucleotide Sequence of Coliphage HK620 and the Evolution of Lambdoid Phages AN - 17913874; 5173886 AB - HK620 is a temperate lambdoid bacteriophage that adsorbs to the O-antigen of its host, Escherichia coli H. The genome of a temperature-sensitive clear-plaque mutant consists of 38,297 nucleotides in which we recognize 60 open reading frames (orfs). Eighteen of these lie in a region of the genome that we call the virion structure domain. The other 42 orfs lie in what we call the metabolic domain. Virions of HK620 resemble those of phage P22. The virion structural orfs encode three kinds of putative proteins relative to the virion proteins of P22: (1) those that are nearly (about 90 %) identical; (2) those that are weakly (about 30 %) identical; and (3) those composed of nearly and weakly identical segments. We hypothesize that these composite proteins form bridges between the virion proteins of the other two kinds. Three of the putative virion proteins that are only weakly identical to P22 proteins are 71, 60 and 79 % identical to proteins encoded by the phage APSE-1, whose virions also resemble those of P22. Because the hosts of APSE-1 and HK620 have been separated from each other by an estimated 200 My, we propose using the amino acid differences that have accumulated in these proteins to estimate a biological clock for temperate lambdoid phages. The putative transcriptional regulatory gene circuitry of HK620 seems to resemble that of phage lambda. Integration, on the other hand, resembles that of satellite phage P4 in that the attP sequence lies between the leftward promoter and int rather than downstream of int. Comparing the metabolic domains of several lambdoid phage genomes reveals seven short conserved sequences roughly defining boundaries of functional modules. We propose that these boundary sequences are foci of genetic recombination that serve to assort the modules and make the metabolic domain highly mosaic genetically. Copyright 2001 Academic Press JF - Journal of Molecular Biology AU - Clark, A J AU - Inwood, W AU - Cloutier, T AU - Dhillon, T AD - Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS74-157, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA Y1 - 2001/08/24/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 24 SP - 657 EP - 679 PB - Academic Press VL - 311 IS - 4 SN - 0022-2836, 0022-2836 KW - double prime O antigen KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - O antigen KW - ^AO antigen KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Recombination KW - Phage HK620 KW - Escherichia coli KW - Open reading frames KW - Evolution KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - G 07312:Phages KW - J 02750:Phage-host interactions KW - V 22070:Phage-host interactions including lysogeny & transduction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17913874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Nucleotide+Sequence+of+Coliphage+HK620+and+the+Evolution+of+Lambdoid+Phages&rft.au=Clark%2C+A+J%3BInwood%2C+W%3BCloutier%2C+T%3BDhillon%2C+T&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2001-08-24&rft.volume=311&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=00222836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1006%2Fjmbi.2001.4868 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Phage HK620; Evolution; Recombination; Open reading frames; Nucleotide sequence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.2001.4868 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent advances in cellular senescence, cancer and aging AN - 954589378; 13955917 AB - How much do we know about the biology of aging from cell culture studies? Most normal somatic cells have a finite potential to divide due to a process termed cellular or replicative senescence. A growing body of evidence suggests that senescence evolved to protect higher eukaryotes, particularly mammals, from developing cancer. We now know that telomere shortening, due to the biochemistry of DNA replication, induces replicative senescence in human cells. However, in rodent cells, replicative senescence occurs despite very long telomeres. Recent findings suggest that replicative senescence is just the tip of the iceberg of a more general process termed cellular senescence. It appears that cellular senescence is a response to potentially oncogenic insults, including oxidative damage. In young organisms, growth arrest by cell senescence suppresses tumor development, but later in life, due to the accumulation of senescent cells which secret factors that can disrupt tissues during aging, cellular senescence promotes tumorigenesis. Therefore, antagonistic pleiotropy may explain in part, if not in whole, the apparently paradoxical effects of cellular senescence, though this still remains an open question. JF - Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering AU - Lim, Chang-Su AU - Campisi, Judith AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Mailstop 84-171, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA, cslim@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 231 EP - 236 PB - Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Seoul VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1226-8372, 1226-8372 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Aging KW - Cancer KW - Cell culture KW - DNA biosynthesis KW - Replication KW - Senescence KW - Somatic cells KW - Telomeres KW - Tumorigenesis KW - pleiotropy KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954589378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioprocess+Engineering&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+cellular+senescence%2C+cancer+and+aging&rft.au=Lim%2C+Chang-Su%3BCampisi%2C+Judith&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=Chang-Su&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioprocess+Engineering&rft.issn=12268372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02931983 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA biosynthesis; Telomeres; pleiotropy; Replication; Tumorigenesis; Aging; Cell culture; Senescence; Somatic cells; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02931983 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reservoir characterization using crosswell electromagnetic inversion; a feasibility study for the Snorre Field, North Sea AN - 52166280; 2002-001720 AB - The spatial resolution of a commercially available crosswell electromagnetic (EM) system is demonstrated using models derived from three time steps from a reservoir simulation of the Snorre field in the North Sea. The numerical simulation of the Snorre field waterflood shows that crosswell EM field measurements provide high sensitivity to changes in the reservoir over time. This sensitivity is achieved by combining the reservoir geometry derived from surface 3-D seismic interpretation, reservoir conductivities at well locations, and constrained EM inversion of the reservoir's electrical conductivity. Inversions of 2-D and 3-D numerical models show that the changes in electrical conductivity attributable to changes in water saturation can be quantitatively mapped as a function of time. The inversions provide smooth estimates of the spatial variation of reservoir electrical conductivity that can discriminate between the level of water saturation at different stages of the waterflood. Inversions performed on 2-D data show that for the Snorre example, 3%-5% Gaussian random noise (depending on the model) can be added without a significant degradation in the inverse models. Two-dimensional inversions of the full 3-D data in the Snorre example can map the vertical average electrical conductivity within the reservoir in the interwell region almost as well as when the model is two dimensional (constant in strike direction). The effect of 3-D structure does not seriously degrade 2-D inversion in the Snorre example--even between wells that lie in a line parallel to structure. A series of 2-D inversions where various constraints and starting models are used demonstrates the importance of incorporating a priori information in the form of starting models and restricting the inversion domain to the reservoir zone. These tests show that totally unconstrained, smooth inversions of the interwell volume provide very limited quantitative information. However, when the reservoir geometry is constrained by seismic data and starting models are provided by linear interpolation of conductivities at well locations, the reservoir's vertical average electrical conductivity can be predicted to within a few percent by 2-D inversion. The Snorre field consists of a full-scale reservoir with interwell spacings that exceed 1 km where previous work has demonstrated the applicability of crosswell EM in shallow reservoirs with well separations on the order of 100 m. The simulations show that, given current transmitter and receiver technology, the magnetic fields could be measured in the Snorre field in steel-cased wells separated from the transmitter by up to 725 m. JF - Geophysics AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Morrison, H Frank AU - Gasperikova, Erika AU - Berg, John-Inge Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 1177 EP - 1189 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 66 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - petroleum exploration KW - geophysical surveys KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - feasibility studies KW - two-dimensional models KW - reservoir rocks KW - Snorre Field KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52166280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Reservoir+characterization+using+crosswell+electromagnetic+inversion%3B+a+feasibility+study+for+the+Snorre+Field%2C+North+Sea&rft.au=Hoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BMorrison%2C+H+Frank%3BGasperikova%2C+Erika%3BBerg%2C+John-Inge&rft.aulast=Hoversten&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2F1.1487064 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; electromagnetic methods; feasibility studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; North Atlantic; North Sea; petroleum; petroleum exploration; reservoir rocks; Snorre Field; surveys; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1487064 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elastic wave scattering by anisotropic fractures AN - 52164627; 2002-001683 JF - Geophysics AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Schoenberg, Michael Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - August 2001 SP - 1306 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 66 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - fractures KW - reflection KW - shear stress KW - stress KW - geophysical methods KW - elastic waves KW - wave dispersion KW - anisotropy KW - seismic methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52164627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Elastic+wave+scattering+by+anisotropic+fractures&rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BSchoenberg%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Nakagawa&rft.aufirst=Seiji&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Ninth international workshop on Seismic anisotropy (91WSA) N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; elastic waves; fractures; geophysical methods; reflection; seismic methods; shear stress; stress; wave dispersion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approximate boundaries between different flow regimes in fractured rocks AN - 18081912; 5171546 AB - Recent studies have shown how water films at near-zero matric potentials on fracture surfaces could permit fast flow in unsaturated fractures. The present work is aimed at delineating the ranges of conditions necessary to permit film flow. The approximate matric potential needed to permit thickening of water films on fracture surfaces was estimated through correlating air-entry matric potentials and permeabilities for a wide range of porous media. An upper matric potential limit, associated with saturating the fracture, was related to the fracture aperture. These two limits, one dependent on matrix permeability and the other on fracture aperture, delineate the matric potential range within which thick water films develop on fracture surfaces. Rocks with matrix permeabilities less than similar to 10 super(-14) m super(2), and fractures with apertures greater than similar to 30 mu m permit some matric potential range over which thick water films can form. Highly transmissive films can develop on fracture surfaces only under near-zero matric and pressure potentials. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Wan, J AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2001/08// PY - 2001 DA - Aug 2001 SP - 2103 EP - 2111 VL - 37 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Water resources KW - Permeability KW - Mathematical Studies KW - Geomorphology KW - Fracturing KW - Rock KW - Boundaries KW - Pellicular Water KW - Groundwater KW - Groundwater Movement KW - Flow Pattern KW - Permeation KW - Porous media KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18081912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Approximate+boundaries+between+different+flow+regimes+in+fractured+rocks&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+T+K%3BWan%2C+J&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geomorphology; Rock; Fracturing; Water resources; Porous media; Permeation; Permeability; Geologic Fractures; Mathematical Studies; Boundaries; Pellicular Water; Groundwater; Groundwater Movement; Flow Pattern; Hydraulic Properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromium Diffusion and Reduction in Soil Aggregates AN - 16131295; 5348153 AB - The distribution of metal contaminants such as chromium in soils can be strongly localized by transport limitations and redox gradients within soil aggregates. Measurements of Cr(VI) diffusion and reduction to Cr(III) were obtained in soil columns representing transects into soil aggregates in order to quantify influences of organic carbon (OC) and redox potentials on Cr transport distances and microbial community composition. Shifts in characteristic redox potentials, and the extent of Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III) were related to OC availability. Depth profiles of Cr(VI, III) obtained with micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (micro-XANES) spectroscopy reflected interdependent effects of diffusion and spatially dependent redox potentials on reduction kinetics and microbial community composition. Shallow diffusion depths (2-10 mm) and very sharply terminated diffusion fronts in columns amended with OC (80 and 800 ppm) reflected rapid increases in Cr reduction kinetics over very short (mm) distances. These results suggest that Cr contamination in soils can be restricted to the outsides of soil aggregates due to localized transport and rapid reduction and that bulk sample characterization is inadequate for understanding the controlling biogeochemical processes. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Wan, J AU - Firestone, M K AU - Hazen, T C AU - Schwartz, E AU - Sutton AU - Newville, M AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, tktokunaga@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/08/01/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Aug 01 SP - 3169 EP - 3174 VL - 35 IS - 15 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Chromium KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Organic carbon KW - Diffusion KW - Soil contamination KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16131295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Chromium+Diffusion+and+Reduction+in+Soil+Aggregates&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+T+K%3BWan%2C+J%3BFirestone%2C+M+K%3BHazen%2C+T+C%3BSchwartz%2C+E%3BSutton%3BNewville%2C+M&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2001-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=3169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2002-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chromium; Biogeochemistry; Organic carbon; Diffusion; Soil contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - BeF acts as a phosphate analog in proteins phosphorylated on aspartate: Structure of a BeF complex with phosphoserine phosphatase AN - 17896734; 5143923 AB - Protein phosphoaspartate bonds play a variety of roles. In response regulator proteins of two-component signal transduction systems, phosphorylation of an aspartate residue is coupled to a change from an inactive to an active conformation. In phosphatases and mutases of the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily, phosphoaspartate serves as an intermediate in phosphotransfer reactions, and in P-type ATPases, also members of the HAD family, it serves in the conversion of chemical energy to ion gradients. In each case, lability of the phosphoaspartate linkage has hampered a detailed study of the phosphorylated form. For response regulators, this difficulty was recently overcome with a phosphate analog, BeF which yields persistent complexes with the active site aspartate of their receiver domains. We now extend the application of this analog to a HAD superfamily member by solving at 1.5-A resolution the x-ray crystal structure of the complex of BeF with phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP) from Methanococcus jannaschii. The structure is comparable to that of a phosphoenzyme intermediate: BeF is bound to Asp-11 with the tetrahedral geometry of a phosphoryl group, is coordinated to Mg2+, and is bound to residues surrounding the active site that are conserved in the HAD superfamily. Comparison of the active sites of BeFDTPSP and BeFDTCeY, a receiver domain/response regulator, reveals striking similarities that provide insights into the function not only of PSP but also of P-type ATPases. Our results indicate that use of BeF for structural studies of proteins that form phosphoaspartate linkages will extend well beyond response regulators. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Cho, H AU - Wang, W AU - Kim, R AU - Yokota, H AU - Damo, S AU - Kim, S AU - Wemmer, D AU - Kustu, S AU - Yan, D AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, dewemmer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/07/17/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jul 17 SP - 8525 EP - 8530 VL - 98 IS - 15 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - BeF KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - X-ray crystallography KW - Phosphorylation KW - Methanococcus jannaschii KW - Active sites KW - Phosphoserine phosphatase KW - Signal transduction KW - J 02728:Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17896734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=BeF+acts+as+a+phosphate+analog+in+proteins+phosphorylated+on+aspartate%3A+Structure+of+a+BeF+complex+with+phosphoserine+phosphatase&rft.au=Cho%2C+H%3BWang%2C+W%3BKim%2C+R%3BYokota%2C+H%3BDamo%2C+S%3BKim%2C+S%3BWemmer%2C+D%3BKustu%2C+S%3BYan%2C+D&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2001-07-17&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=8525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.131213698 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methanococcus jannaschii; Phosphoserine phosphatase; Signal transduction; Phosphorylation; X-ray crystallography; Active sites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.131213698 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring signal transduction in cancer: from chips to fish. AN - 70932183; 11410619 AB - The microarray format of RNA transcript analysis should provide new clues to carcinogenic processes. Because of the complex and heterogeneous nature of most tumor samples, histochemical techniques, particularly RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), are required to test the predictions from microarray expression experiments. Here we describe our approach to verify new microarray data by examining RNA expression levels of five to seven different transcripts in a very few cells via FISH. (J Histochem Cytochem 49:925-926, 2001) JF - The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society AU - Lersch, R A AU - Fung, J AU - Hsieh, H B AU - Smida, J AU - Weier, H U AD - Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ralersch@lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 925 EP - 926 VL - 49 IS - 7 SN - 0022-1554, 0022-1554 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - 0 KW - RNA, Neoplasm KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Microscopy, Fluorescence KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- genetics KW - Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence KW - Humans KW - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- metabolism KW - Microscopy, Interference KW - Fourier Analysis KW - Signal Transduction KW - RNA, Neoplasm -- metabolism KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- metabolism KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- genetics KW - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis -- methods KW - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence -- methods KW - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence -- instrumentation KW - Neoplasms -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/70932183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+journal+of+histochemistry+and+cytochemistry+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Histochemistry+Society&rft.atitle=Monitoring+signal+transduction+in+cancer%3A+from+chips+to+fish.&rft.au=Lersch%2C+R+A%3BFung%2C+J%3BHsieh%2C+H+B%3BSmida%2C+J%3BWeier%2C+H+U&rft.aulast=Lersch&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=925&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+journal+of+histochemistry+and+cytochemistry+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Histochemistry+Society&rft.issn=00221554&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2001-07-12 N1 - Date created - 2001-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High CO (sub 2) emissions through porous media; transport mechanisms and implications for flux measurement and fractionation AN - 52209468; 2001-055357 AB - Diffuse emissions of CO (sub 2) are known to be large around some volcanoes and hydrothermal areas. Accumulation-chamber measurements of CO (sub 2) flux are increasingly used to estimate the total magmatic or metamorphic CO (sub 2) released from such areas. To assess the performance of accumulation chamber systems at fluxes one to three orders of magnitude higher than normally encountered in soil respiration studies, a test system was constructed in the laboratory where known fluxes could be maintained through dry sand. Steady-state gas concentration profiles and fractionation effects observed in the 30-cm sand column nearly match those predicted by the Stefan-Maxwell equations, indicating that the test system was functioning successfully as a uniform porous medium. Eight groups of investigators tested their accumulation chamber equipment, all configured with continuous infrared gas analyzers (IRGA), in this system. Over a flux range of approximately 200-12,000 g m (super -2) day (super -1) , 90% of their 203 flux measurements were 0-25% lower than the imposed flux with a mean difference of -12.5%. Although this difference would seem to be within the range of acceptability for many geologic investigations, some potential sources for larger errors were discovered. A steady-state pressure gradient of -20 Pa/m was measured in the sand column at a flux of 11,200 g m (super -2) day (super -1) . The derived permeability (50 darcies) was used in the dusty-gas model (DGM) of transport to quantify various diffusive and viscous flux components. These calculations were used to demonstrate that accumulation chambers, in addition to reducing the underlying diffusive gradient, severely disrupt the steady-state pressure gradient. The resultant diversion of the net gas flow is probably responsible for the systematically low flux measurements. It was also shown that the fractionating effects of a viscous CO (sub 2) efflux against a diffusive influx of air will have a major impact on some important geochemical indicators, such as N (sub 2) /Ar, delta (super 15) N-N (sub 2) , and (super 4) He/ (super 22) Ne. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Evans, William C AU - Sorey, Michael L AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Stonestrom, D A AU - Rogie, J D AU - Shuster, David L A2 - Bergfeld, Deborah A2 - Goff, Fraser A2 - Allard, Patric Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 15 EP - 29 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 177 IS - 1-2 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - soils KW - isotope fractionation KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - isotopes KW - analog simulation KW - porous materials KW - advection KW - measurement KW - carbon dioxide KW - volatilization KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - coarse-grained materials KW - noble gases KW - soil gases KW - geochemistry KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52209468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=High+CO+%28sub+2%29+emissions+through+porous+media%3B+transport+mechanisms+and+implications+for+flux+measurement+and+fractionation&rft.au=Evans%2C+William+C%3BSorey%2C+Michael+L%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BStonestrom%2C+D+A%3BRogie%2C+J+D%3BShuster%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0009-2541%2800%2900379-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU 1998 fall meeting symposium on In situ carbon dioxide measurements at high flux localities N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; analog simulation; carbon dioxide; coarse-grained materials; diffusion; experimental studies; geochemistry; instruments; isotope fractionation; isotopes; laboratory studies; measurement; noble gases; porous materials; soil gases; soils; transport; volatilization DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(00)00379-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxygen transfer at low drop weirs AN - 18915459; 5154859 AB - Oxygen transfer into water at low-drop weirs was studied by using a prototype-scale, recirculating hydraulic flume with a weir width of 0.61 m, and a downstream channel width of 1.22 m. An enhanced-oxygen environment was used to maintain sufficient difference between saturation and upstream dissolved oxygen concentrations to reduce the experimental uncertainty. The variation in the deficit ratio r as a function of tailwater depth H was evaluated by using unit discharges q of 167, 334, and 502 m super(3)/hr times m and weir heights W of 0.54, 1.04, and 1.36 m. A semitheoretical equation for predicting r as a function of jet Froude number F sub(J), drop height h, and H was fitted to observed values by nonlinear regression analysis. An assumed value of 0.667 for maximum H/h (found in the literature) proved acceptable. We concluded that tailwater depths are important to predict oxygen transfer at low-drop weirs, but that designing for optimum tailwater depth to maximize oxygen transfer may not be as important as was previously thought, because large optimum ranges for H/h were observed in this study. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Kim, J AU - Walters, R W AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - July 2001 SP - 604 EP - 610 VL - 127 IS - 7 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Weirs KW - Hydraulics KW - Tailwater KW - Oxygen Transfer KW - Froude Number KW - SW 6010:Structures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18915459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Oxygen+transfer+at+low+drop+weirs&rft.au=Kim%2C+J%3BWalters%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weirs; Hydraulics; Tailwater; Oxygen Transfer; Froude Number ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon emissions from manufacturing energy use in 13 IEA countries: long-term trends through 1995 AN - 17880240; 5113967 AB - This paper analyses the evolution of carbon emissions from the manufacturing sectors of 13 IEA countries, based on national data at the 2 or 3 sector ISIC level of disaggregation. We carry out an Adaptive-Weighting-Divisia decomposition of changes into factors representing sub-sectoral branch energy intensities, output mix or structure, final fuel mix, and utility fuel mix. We also carry out a detailed comparison of emissions by country and sub-sector for 1994. We find that by the mid-1990s, emissions from manufacturing in most countries were close to their 1973 levels. The main reasons were lower branch energy intensities and in some countries changes in utility fuel mix. Changes in the mix of output had small downward effects in a few large countries (Japan and the United States), while these shifts increased emissions in others (Australia, Norway, Netherlands). Fuel mix changes lowered emissions slightly, principally through moves away from coal and oil towards gas. The comparison of countries shows that after overall output, energy intensities explain most of the differences in per capita emissions from manufacturing. Fuel mix and utility fuel mix play an important role for some countries with very CO sub(2) -- free power sectors (Sweden, Norway, France) or CO sub(2) intensive power sectors (Australia). Some of the differences in energy intensities, however, arise because of hidden sub-sectoral mix effects that cannot be resolved at the 3-digit ISIC level of disaggregation. Emissions have been rising since 1990, largely because energy intensities are not falling as fast as they did before 1990. What this means for the Kyoto Accord and other concerns related to global carbon emissions remains to be seen. JF - Energy Policy AU - Schipper, L AU - Murtishaw, S AU - Khrushch, M AU - Ting, M AU - Karbuz, S AU - Unander, F AD - International Energy Agency, 9 rue de la Federation, F-75739, Paris Cedex 15, France, ljsocd@dante.lbl.gov Y1 - 2001/07// PY - 2001 DA - Jul 2001 SP - 667 EP - 688 VL - 29 IS - 9 SN - 0301-4215, 0301-4215 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Manufacturing industry KW - Emission control KW - Carbon dioxide KW - International agreements KW - Industrial emissions KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17880240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Carbon+emissions+from+manufacturing+energy+use+in+13+IEA+countries%3A+long-term+trends+through+1995&rft.au=Schipper%2C+L%3BMurtishaw%2C+S%3BKhrushch%2C+M%3BTing%2C+M%3BKarbuz%2C+S%3BUnander%2C+F&rft.aulast=Schipper&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Manufacturing industry; Industrial emissions; Emission control; Carbon dioxide; International agreements ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Pathway interactions in transcription-coupled repair directed by XPG complexes AN - 39334759; 3602002 AU - Cooper, P Y1 - 2001/06/22/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 22 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science KW - U 2000:Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39334759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Pathway+interactions+in+transcription-coupled+repair+directed+by+XPG+complexes&rft.au=Cooper%2C+P&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: Environmental Mutagen Society, 11250 Roger Bacon Drive, Suite 8, Reston, VA 20190-5202; URL: www.ems.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The RadB protein from Pyrococcus does not complement E. coli recA mutations in vivo AN - 18342708; 5390168 AB - A previous publication claimed that the radB gene called Pk-REC from Pyrococcus furiosus complemented an E. coli recA mutation. We found that a sequencing error had led to the test of a mutant form of Pk-REC. The wild-type radB gene from P. furiosus cloned in a similar expression vector to the mutant Pk-REC also appeared to complement an E. coli recA mutation. However, the cloned P. furiosus gdh (glutamate dehydrogenase) gene showed the same activity. We therefore concluded that overexpression of any protein can produce an artificial growth inhibition or stationary phase in recA mutant cells, which allows cells to recover from UV damage due to the action of repair systems that do not require RecA-like activity. JF - Molecular Genetics and Genomics AU - Inwood, W AU - Kane, S AU - DiRuggiero, J AU - Robb, F AU - Clark, A J AD - Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, alvinjclark@gateway.net Y1 - 2001/06/15/ PY - 2001 DA - 2001 Jun 15 SP - 683 EP - 686 PB - Springer-Verlag, [URL:http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00438/bibs/1265 004/12650683.htm] VL - 265 IS - 4 SN - 1617-4615, 1617-4615 KW - cDNA KW - hyperthermophilic archaea KW - amino acid sequence prediction KW - RadB protein KW - gdh gene KW - radB gene KW - recA gene KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Pyrococcus furiosus KW - DNA damage KW - Glutamate dehydrogenase KW - Complementation KW - U.V. radiation KW - Escherichia coli KW - G 07320:Bacterial genetics KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18342708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Genetics+and+Genomics&rft.atitle=The+RadB+protein+from+Pyrococcus+does+not+complement+E.+coli+recA+mutations+in+vivo&rft.au=Inwood%2C+W%3BKane%2C+S%3BDiRuggiero%2C+J%3BRobb%2C+F%3BClark%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Inwood&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2001-06-15&rft.volume=265&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Genetics+and+Genomics&rft.issn=16174615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; Pyrococcus furiosus; Nucleotide sequence; Glutamate dehydrogenase; U.V. radiation; DNA damage; Complementation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic selection of glycosylation defects in human cells AN - 877596303; 13695317 AB - Changes in glycosylation are often associated with disease progression, but the genetic and metabolic basis of these events is rarely understood in detail at a molecular level. We describe a metabolism-based approach to the selection of mutants in glycoconjugate biosynthesis that provides insight into regulatory mechanisms for oligosaccharide expression and metabolic flux. Unnatural intermediates are used to challenge a specific pathway, and cell surface expression of their metabolic products provides a readout of flux in that pathway and a basis for selecting genetic mutants. The approach was applied to the sialic acid metabolic pathway in human cells, yielding novel mutants with phenotypes related to the inborn metabolic defect sialuria and metastatic tumor cells. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Yarema, Kevin J AU - Goon, Scarlett AU - Bertozzi, Carolyn R AD - [1] Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720. [2] Center for Advanced Materials, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720. [3] Current address: Department of Biomedical Engineering, G.W.C. Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 553 EP - 558 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW UK VL - 19 IS - 6 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Metastases KW - Cell surface KW - glycoconjugates KW - oligosaccharides KW - Metabolic pathways KW - Glycosylation KW - Tumor cells KW - metabolic flux KW - Sialic acids KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877596303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Metabolic+selection+of+glycosylation+defects+in+human+cells&rft.au=Yarema%2C+Kevin+J%3BGoon%2C+Scarlett%3BBertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R&rft.aulast=Yarema&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2F89305 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metastases; Cell surface; glycoconjugates; oligosaccharides; Metabolic pathways; Glycosylation; Tumor cells; Sialic acids; metabolic flux DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/89305 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of ground-based neutron measurements applicable to GCR and SPE transport through shielding materials in space. AN - 71281248; 11855408 JF - Radiation measurements AU - Heilbronn, L AU - Townsend, L W AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA 94720 USA. Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 269 EP - 273 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 1350-4487, 1350-4487 KW - Protons KW - 0 KW - Space life sciences KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Solar Activity KW - Radiometry KW - Radiation Protection KW - Elementary Particle Interactions KW - Cosmic Radiation KW - Neutrons KW - Heavy Ions KW - Space Flight -- instrumentation KW - Radiation Monitoring KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71281248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+measurements&rft.atitle=Overview+of+ground-based+neutron+measurements+applicable+to+GCR+and+SPE+transport+through+shielding+materials+in+space.&rft.au=Heilbronn%2C+L%3BTownsend%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Heilbronn&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+measurements&rft.issn=13504487&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2002-05-29 N1 - Date created - 2002-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of the conceptual model of unsaturated zone hydrology at Yucca Mountain, Nevada AN - 52220824; 2001-048734 AB - Yucca Mountain is an arid site proposed for consideration as the United States' first underground high-level radioactive waste repository. Low rainfall (approximately 170 mm/yr) and a thick unsaturated zone (500-1000 m) are important physical attributes of the site because the quantity of water likely to reach the waste and the paths and rates of movement of the water to the saturated zone under future climates would be major factors in controlling the concentrations and times of arrival of radionuclides at the surrounding accessible environment. The framework for understanding the hydrologic processes that occur at this site and that control how quickly water will penetrate through the unsaturated zone to the water table has evolved during the past 15 yr. Early conceptual models assumed that very small volumes of water infiltrated into the bedrock (0.5-4.5 mm/yr, or 2-3 percent of rainfall), that much of the infiltrated water flowed laterally within the upper nonwelded units because of capillary barrier effects, and that the remaining water flowed down faults with a small amount flowing through the matrix of the lower welded, fractured rocks. It was believed that the matrix had to be saturated for fractures to flow. However, accumulating evidence indicated that infiltration rates were higher than initially estimated, such as infiltration modeling based on neutron borehole data, bomb-pulse isotopes deep in the mountain, perched water analyses and thermal analyses. Mechanisms supporting lateral diversion did not apply at these higher fluxes, and the flux calculated in the lower welded unit exceeded the conductivity of the matrix, implying vertical flow of water in the high permeability fractures of the potential repository host rock, and disequilibrium between matrix and fracture water potentials. The development of numerical modeling methods and parameter values evolved concurrently with the conceptual model in order to account for the observed field data, particularly fracture flow deep in the unsaturated zone. This paper presents the history of the evolution of conceptual models of hydrology and numerical models of unsaturated zone flow at Yucca Mountain, Nevada (Flint, A. L., Flint, L. E., Kwicklis, E. M., Bodvarsson, G. S., Fabryka-Martin, J. M., 2001. Hydrology of Yucca Mountain. Reviews of Geophysics in press). This retrospective is the basis for recommendations for optimizing the efficiency with which a viable and robust conceptual model can be developed for a complex site. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Flint, Alan L AU - Flint, Lorraine E AU - Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S AU - Kwicklis, Edward M AU - Fabryka-Martin, June Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 1 EP - 30 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 247 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - fractured materials KW - high-level waste KW - numerical models KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - Nye County Nevada KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - history KW - Nevada Test Site KW - infiltration KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - theoretical models KW - hydrodynamics KW - waste disposal KW - Yucca Mountain KW - underground disposal KW - review KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52220824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+the+conceptual+model+of+unsaturated+zone+hydrology+at+Yucca+Mountain%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Flint%2C+Alan+L%3BFlint%2C+Lorraine+E%3BBodvarsson%2C+Gudmundur+S%3BKwicklis%2C+Edward+M%3BFabryka-Martin%2C+June&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=247&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 89 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data processing; digital simulation; fractured materials; ground water; high-level waste; history; hydrodynamics; hydrology; infiltration; movement; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; numerical models; Nye County Nevada; preferential flow; radioactive waste; review; theoretical models; underground disposal; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal; Yucca Mountain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water injection into a low-permeability rock; 1, Hydrofracture growth AN - 52147806; 2002-010877 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Patzek, Tad W AU - Silin, Dmitriy B Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 537 EP - 555 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - petroleum engineering KW - capillary pressure KW - waterflooding KW - boundary conditions KW - reservoir rocks KW - models KW - fractures KW - propagation KW - rocks KW - permeability KW - diffusivity KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52147806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Water+injection+into+a+low-permeability+rock%3B+1%2C+Hydrofracture+growth&rft.au=Patzek%2C+Tad+W%3BSilin%2C+Dmitriy+B&rft.aulast=Patzek&rft.aufirst=Tad&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; capillary pressure; diffusivity; fractures; hydraulic fracturing; models; permeability; petroleum engineering; propagation; reservoir rocks; rocks; waterflooding ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water injection into a low-permeability rock; 2, Control model AN - 52146748; 2002-010878 JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Silin, Dmitriy B AU - Patzek, Tad W Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 557 EP - 580 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - petroleum engineering KW - injection KW - optimization KW - waterflooding KW - Laplace transformations KW - rock mechanics KW - models KW - fractures KW - viscosity KW - rocks KW - permeability KW - diffusivity KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52146748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Water+injection+into+a+low-permeability+rock%3B+2%2C+Control+model&rft.au=Silin%2C+Dmitriy+B%3BPatzek%2C+Tad+W&rft.aulast=Silin&rft.aufirst=Dmitriy&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - diffusivity; fractures; hydraulic fracturing; injection; Laplace transformations; models; optimization; permeability; petroleum engineering; rock mechanics; rocks; viscosity; waterflooding ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the hydraulic conductivity at the South Oyster Site from geophysical tomographic data using Bayesian techniques based on the normal linear regression model AN - 50156157; 2002-020086 AB - This study explores the use of ground penetrating radar (GPR) tomographic velocity, GPR tomographic attenuation, and seismic tomographic velocity for hydraulic conductivity estimation at the South Oyster Site, using a Bayesian framework. Since site-specific relations between hydraulic conductivity and geophysical properties are often nonlinear and subject to a large degree of uncertainty such as at this site, we developed a normal linear regression model that allows exploring these relationships systematically. Although the log-conductivity displays a small variation (sigma (super 2) = 0.30) and the geophysical data vary over only a small range, results indicate that the geophysical data improve the estimates of the hydraulic conductivity. The improvement is the most significant where prior information is limited. Among the geophysical data, GPR and seismic velocity are more useful than GPR attenuation. Copyright 2001 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Rubin, Yoram Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - June 2001 SP - 1603 EP - 1613 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 37 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - solute transport KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Virginia KW - Bayesian analysis KW - pollutants KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - statistical analysis KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - Northampton County Virginia KW - South Oyster Site KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Oyster Virginia KW - transport KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50156157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+hydraulic+conductivity+at+the+South+Oyster+Site+from+geophysical+tomographic+data+using+Bayesian+techniques+based+on+the+normal+linear+regression+model&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BRubin%2C+Yoram&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2000WR900392 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; Bayesian analysis; Chesapeake Bay; environmental analysis; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; hydraulic conductivity; Northampton County Virginia; Oyster Virginia; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; radar methods; solute transport; South Oyster Site; statistical analysis; tomography; transport; United States; Virginia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000WR900392 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health effects resulting from exercise versus those from body fat loss AN - 18251922; 5313868 AB - The purpose of this review was to assess whether body weight confounds the relationships between physical activity and its health benefits. The review includes 80 reports from population-based studies (Evidence Category C) of physical activity or fitness and cardiovascular disease (CVD) or coronary heart disease (CHD). Eleven of 64 reports on activity found no relationship between physical activity and disease. Of the remaining 53 reports, 11 did not address the possible confounding effects of body weight, nine cited reasons that weight differences should not explain their observed associations, and 33 statistically adjusted for weight (as required). Only three of these changed their associations from significant to nonsignificant when adjusted. Ten of 16 reports on cardiorespiratory fitness and CHD or CVD used statistical adjustment, and none of these changed their findings to nonsignificant. Population studies show that vigorously active individuals also have higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration, a major risk factor for CHD and CVD, than sedentary individuals when statistically adjusted for weight. In contrast, intervention studies, which relate dynamic changes in weight and HDL, suggest that adjustment for weight loss largely eliminates the increase in HDL-cholesterol in sedentary men who begin exercising vigorously. Adjusting the cross-sectional HDL-cholesterol differences for the dynamic effects of weight loss eliminates most of the HDL-cholesterol difference between active and sedentary men. Population studies show that the lower incidence of CHD and CVD and higher HDL of fit, active individuals are not because of lean, healthy individuals choosing to be active (i.e., self-selection bias). Nevertheless, metabolic processed associated weight loss may be primarily responsible for the HDL differences between active and sedentary men, and possibly also their differences in CHD and CVD. JF - Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise AU - Williams, P T AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - S611 EP - S621 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0195-9131, 0195-9131 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Physical fitness (status) KW - Weight KW - Health (status) KW - Fats KW - Exercise (effects) KW - Heart diseases KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18251922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.atitle=Health+effects+resulting+from+exercise+versus+those+from+body+fat+loss&rft.au=Williams%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=S611&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise&rft.issn=01959131&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weight; Fats; Exercise (effects); Health (status); Heart diseases; Physical fitness (status) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wind-driven transport pathways for Eurasian Arctic river discharge AN - 18170864; 5161505 AB - Distributions of temperature, salinity, and barium in near-surface waters (depth less than or equal to 50 m) of the Laptev Sea and adjacent areas of the Arctic Ocean are presented for the summers of 1993, 1995, and 1996. The tracer data indicate that while fluvial discharge was largely confined to the shelf region of the Laptev Sea in the summer of 1993, surface waters containing a significant fluvial component extended beyond the shelf break and over the slope and basin areas north of the Laptev Sea in the summers of 1995 and 1996. These distributions of fluvial discharge are consistent with local winds and suggest two principal pathways by which river waters can enter the central Arctic basins from the Laptev Sea. When southerly to southeasterly wind conditions prevail, river waters are transported northward beyond the shelf break and over the slope and adjacent basin areas. These waters can then enter the interior Arctic Ocean via upper layer flow in the vicinity of the Lomonosov Ridge. Under other wind conditions, river waters are steered primarily along the inner Laptev shelf and into the East Siberian Sea as part of the predominantly eastward coastal current system. These waters then appear to cross the shelf and enter the interior Arctic Ocean via upper layer flow aligned roughly along the Mendeleyev Ridge. The extent to which either pathway is favored in a given year is largely determined by local wind patterns during the summer months, when fluvial discharge is greatest and shelf waters are at the lowest salinity of their annual cycle. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. C. Oceans AU - Guay, CKH AU - Falkner, K K AU - Muench, R D AU - Mensch, M AU - Frank, M AU - Bayer, R AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Y1 - 2001/06// PY - 2001 DA - Jun 2001 SP - 11469 EP - 11480 VL - 106 IS - C6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Russia, Laptev Sea KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Marine KW - River discharges KW - Water Temperature KW - Coastal Waters KW - Wind-driven circulation KW - River discharge KW - Brackish KW - PNE, Laptev Sea KW - PNE, Arctic Ocean KW - Wind fields KW - Coastal currents KW - Salinity KW - Barium KW - PNE, Lomonosov Ridge KW - River Flow KW - Stream Discharge KW - Arctic KW - Continental shelf circulation KW - Shelf dynamics KW - M2 551.465.553:Wind-driven currents and current systems. Wind drifts. Drift currents (551.465.553) KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 551.468:Coastal Oceanography (551.468) KW - Q2 09170:Nearshore dynamics KW - M2 556.535.3:Discharge (556.535.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18170864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+C.+Oceans&rft.atitle=Wind-driven+transport+pathways+for+Eurasian+Arctic+river+discharge&rft.au=Guay%2C+CKH%3BFalkner%2C+K+K%3BMuench%2C+R+D%3BMensch%2C+M%3BFrank%2C+M%3BBayer%2C+R&rft.aulast=Guay&rft.aufirst=CKH&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=C6&rft.spage=11469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+C.+Oceans&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coastal currents; Wind-driven circulation; River discharge; Wind fields; Shelf dynamics; River discharges; Continental shelf circulation; Salinity; Water Temperature; Barium; Coastal Waters; River Flow; Stream Discharge; Arctic; PNE, Lomonosov Ridge; PNE, Laptev Sea; PNE, Arctic Ocean; Marine; Brackish ER -