TY - JOUR T1 - Human eIF3: from 'blobology' to biological insight AN - 1868325497; PQ0004080945 AB - Translation in eukaryotes is highly regulated during initiation, a process impacted by numerous readouts of a cell's state. There are many cases in which cellular messenger RNAs likely do not follow the canonical 'scanning' mechanism of translation initiation, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these pathways are still being uncovered. Some RNA viruses such as the hepatitis C virus use highly structured RNA elements termed internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) that commandeer eukaryotic translation initiation, by using specific interactions with the general eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF3. Here, I present evidence that, in addition to its general role in translation, eIF3 in humans and likely in all multicellular eukaryotes also acts as a translational activator or repressor by binding RNA structures in the 5'-untranslated regions of specific mRNAs, analogous to the role of the mediator complex in transcription. Furthermore, eIF3 in multicellular eukaryotes also harbours a 5' 7-methylguanosine cap-binding subunit-eIF3d-which replaces the general cap-binding initiation factor eIF4E in the translation of select mRNAs. Based on results from cell biological, biochemical and structural studies of eIF3, it is likely that human translation initiation proceeds through dozens of different molecular pathways, the vast majority of which remain to be explored.This article is part of the themed issue 'Perspectives on the ribosome'. JF - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences AU - Cate, Jamie HD AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Division of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, jcate@lbl.gov Y1 - 2017/03/19/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Mar 19 SP - 20160176 PB - Royal Society of London, 6 Carlton House Terrace London SW1Y 5AG United Kingdom VL - 372 IS - 1716 SN - 0962-8436, 0962-8436 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - translation initiation KW - eIF3 KW - mediator KW - IRES KW - eIF4E KW - eIF3d UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868325497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London%2C+Series+B%3A+Biological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Human+eIF3%3A+from+%27blobology%27+to+biological+insight&rft.au=Cate%2C+Jamie+HD&rft.aulast=Cate&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2017-03-19&rft.volume=372&rft.issue=1716&rft.spage=20160176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London%2C+Series+B%3A+Biological+Sciences&rft.issn=09628436&rft_id=info:doi/10.1098%2Frstb.2016.0176 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0176 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monoterpene 'thermometer' of tropical forest-atmosphere response to climate warming AN - 1872836088; PQ0004100940 AB - Tropical forests absorb large amounts of atmospheric CO sub(2) through photosynthesis but elevated temperatures suppress this absorption and promote monoterpene emissions. Using super(13)CO sub(2) labeling, here we show that monoterpene emissions from tropical leaves derive from recent photosynthesis and demonstrate distinct temperature optima for five groups (Groups 1-5), potentially corresponding to different enzymatic temperature-dependent reaction mechanisms within beta -ocimene synthases. As diurnal and seasonal leaf temperatures increased during the Amazonian 2015 El Nino event, leaf and landscape monoterpene emissions showed strong linear enrichments of beta -ocimenes (+4.4% degree C super(-1)) at the expense of other monoterpene isomers. The observed inverse temperature response of alpha -pinene (-0.8% degree C super(-1)), typically assumed to be the dominant monoterpene with moderate reactivity, was not accurately simulated by current global emission models. Given that beta -ocimenes are highly reactive with respect to both atmospheric and biological oxidants, the results suggest that highly reactive beta -ocimenes may play important roles in the thermotolerance of photosynthesis by functioning as effective antioxidants within plants and as efficient atmospheric precursors of secondary organic aerosols. Thus, monoterpene composition may represent a new sensitive 'thermometer' of leaf oxidative stress and atmospheric reactivity, and therefore a new tool in future studies of warming impacts on tropical biosphere-atmosphere carbon-cycle feedbacks. High temperatures threaten the ability of tropical forests to absorb large amounts of atmospheric CO sub(2) by photosynthesis, but promote the emissions of monoterpenes (C10H16). Here, we show that as record high leaf diurnal and seasonal temperatures were experienced in the central Amazon during the 2015 El Nino event, leaf and landscape monoterpene emissions showed strong linear enrichments of beta -ocimenes (+4.4% degree C super(-1)) at the expense of other monoterpene isomers. The results demonstrate consistent temperature sensitivities of five monoterpene groups that were reproducible across large temporal (minutes to seasons) and spatial (leaves to landscape) scales but are not accurately simulated in current Earth Systems models. We suggest that the shift to highly reactive beta -ocimenes (Group 1) at high leaf temperatures facilitates forest-atmosphere response to warming by functioning as: (1) effective antioxidants in plants, enhancing thermotolerance of photosynthesis and (2) as efficient atmospheric precursors of secondary organic aerosols, enhancing cloud cover and precipitation. JF - Plant, Cell & Environment AU - Jardine, Kolby J AU - Jardine, Angela B AU - Holm, Jennifer A AU - Lombardozzi, Danica L AU - Negron-Juarez, Robinson I AU - Martin, Scot T AU - Beller, Harry R AU - Gimenez, Bruno O AU - Higuchi, Niro AU - Chambers, Jeffrey Q AD - Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2017/03// PY - 2017 DA - March 2017 SP - 441 EP - 452 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 VL - 40 IS - 3 SN - 0140-7791, 0140-7791 KW - Environment Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts KW - Diurnal variations KW - Aerosols KW - Antioxidants KW - Photosynthesis KW - Landscape KW - Temperature KW - Tropical forests KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - El Nino KW - Emissions KW - Monoterpenes KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Seasonal variations KW - Oxidants KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1872836088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Monoterpene+%27thermometer%27+of+tropical+forest-atmosphere+response+to+climate+warming&rft.au=Jardine%2C+Kolby+J%3BJardine%2C+Angela+B%3BHolm%2C+Jennifer+A%3BLombardozzi%2C+Danica+L%3BNegron-Juarez%2C+Robinson+I%3BMartin%2C+Scot+T%3BBeller%2C+Harry+R%3BGimenez%2C+Bruno+O%3BHiguchi%2C+Niro%3BChambers%2C+Jeffrey+Q&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=Kolby&rft.date=2017-03-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01407791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fpce.12879 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diurnal variations; Aerosols; Antioxidants; Photosynthesis; Landscape; Temperature; Tropical forests; Sulfur dioxide; El Nino; Monoterpenes; Emissions; Carbon dioxide; Seasonal variations; Oxidants DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pce.12879 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetic Pathway of 3-Helix Micelle Formation. AN - 1865826277; 28165730 AB - A subtle but highly pertinent factor in the self-assembly of hierarchical nanostructures is the kinetic landscape. Self-assembly of a hierarchical multicomponent system requires the intricate balance of noncovalent interactions on a similar energy scale that can result in several self-assembly processes occurring at different time scales. We seek to understand the hierarchical assemblies within an amphiphilic 3-helix peptide-PEG-lipid conjugate system in the formation process of highly stable 3-helix micelles (3HMs). 3HM self-assembles through multiple parallel processes: helix folding, coiled-coil formation, micelle assembly, and packing of alkyl chains. Our results show that the kinetic pathway of 3HM formation is mainly governed by two confounding factors: lateral diffusion of amphiphiles to form coiled-coils within the micelle corona and packing of alkyl tails within the hydrophobic micelle core. 3HM has exhibited highly desirable attributes as a drug delivery nanocarrier; understanding the role of individual components in the kinetic pathway of 3HM formation will allow us to exert better control over the kinetic pathway, as well as to enhance future design and eventually manipulate the kinetic intermediates for potential drug delivery applications. JF - Biomacromolecules AU - Ang, JooChuan AU - Jung, Benson T AU - Dong, He AU - Xu, Ting AD - Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2017/02/15/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Feb 15 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1865826277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Feasible+conversion+of+solid+waste+bauxite+tailings+into+highly+crystalline+4A+zeolite+with+valuable+application.&rft.au=Ma%2C+Dongyang%3BWang%2C+Zhendong%3BGuo%2C+Min%3BZhang%2C+Mei%3BLiu%2C+Jingbo&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Dongyang&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=1879-2456&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.wasman.2014.07.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2017-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01831 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early exposure to thirdhand cigarette smoke affects body mass and the development of immunity in mice. AN - 1865534303; 28157226 AB - Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the fraction of cigarette smoke that persists in indoor environments after smoking. We investigated the effects of neonatal and adult THS exposure on bodyweight and blood cell populations in C57BL/6 J mice. At the end of neonatal exposure, THS-treated male and female mice had significantly lower bodyweight than their respective control mice. However, five weeks after neonatal exposure ended, THS-treated mice weighed the same as controls. In contrast, adult THS exposure did not change bodyweight of mice. On the other hand, both neonatal and adult THS exposure had profound effects on the hematopoietic system. Fourteen weeks after neonatal THS exposure ended, eosinophil number and platelet volume were significantly higher, while hematocrit, mean cell volume, and platelet counts were significantly lower compared to control. Similarly, adult THS exposure also decreased platelet counts and increased neutrophil counts. Moreover, both neonatal and adult THS exposure caused a significant increase in percentage of B-cells and significantly decreased percentage of myeloid cells. Our results demonstrate that neonatal THS exposure decreases bodyweight and that THS exposure induces persistent changes in the hematopoietic system independent of age at exposure. These results also suggest that THS exposure may have adverse effects on human health. JF - Scientific reports AU - Hang, Bo AU - Snijders, Antoine M AU - Huang, Yurong AU - Schick, Suzaynn F AU - Wang, Pin AU - Xia, Yankai AU - Havel, Christopher AU - Jacob, Peyton AU - Benowitz, Neal AU - Destaillats, Hugo AU - Gundel, Lara A AU - Mao, Jian-Hua AD - Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0843, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. ; Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower, Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. ; Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2017/02/03/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Feb 03 SP - 41915 VL - 7 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1865534303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Early+exposure+to+thirdhand+cigarette+smoke+affects+body+mass+and+the+development+of+immunity+in+mice.&rft.au=Hang%2C+Bo%3BSnijders%2C+Antoine+M%3BHuang%2C+Yurong%3BSchick%2C+Suzaynn+F%3BWang%2C+Pin%3BXia%2C+Yankai%3BHavel%2C+Christopher%3BJacob%2C+Peyton%3BBenowitz%2C+Neal%3BDestaillats%2C+Hugo%3BGundel%2C+Lara+A%3BMao%2C+Jian-Hua&rft.aulast=Hang&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2017-02-03&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=41915&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep41915 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2017-02-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-28 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Nov 18;48(22):13093-101 [25317906] Environ Health Perspect. 2009 Jul;117(7):A310 [19654904] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Apr 13;107(15):6576-81 [20142504] PLoS One. 2014 Jan 29;9(1):e86391 [24489722] Tob Control. 2015 Dec 3;:null [26635031] Environ Health Perspect. 2009 Jul;117(7):1042-8 [19654910] J Endocrinol. 2012 Mar;212(3):317-26 [22138237] PLoS One. 2014 Oct 06;9(10):e108258 [25286392] Toxicol Sci. 2016 Mar;150(1):234-46 [26719373] Environ Int. 2014 Oct;71:139-47 [25036615] Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Oct;50(10):3600-3 [22858449] J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2015 Aug;66(2):177-82 [25853992] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Feb;159(2):473-9 [9927360] Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 29;6:24987 [27126191] Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2010 Dec;21(8):1171-8 [20561234] Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Sep;119(9):1218-26 [21628107] J Chromatogr A. 2009 Nov 6;1216(45):7899-905 [19800070] Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jul;90(1):164-8 [21633341] Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Sep 15;39(18):7027-35 [16201626] Sci Rep. 2015 Oct 22;5:15512 [26489853] Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Sep;119(9):1294-300 [21628108] Tob Control. 2014 Mar;23 (2):152-9 [23716171] Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Nov 15;307(10):E919-27 [25269485] Pediatrics. 2010 Jul;126(1):e66-72 [20547649] Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Mar 15;40(6):1799-805 [16570600] Mutagenesis. 2013 Jul;28(4):381-91 [23462851] Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no competing financial interests. N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-28 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep41915 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bottom-up design of de novo thermoelectric hybrid materials using chalcogenide resurfacing AN - 1872837220; PQ0004123580 AB - Hybrid organic/inorganic thermoelectric materials based on conducting polymers and inorganic nanostructures have been demonstrated to combine both the inherently low thermal conductivity of the polymer and the superior charge transport properties (high power factors) of the inorganic component. While their performance today still lags behind that of conventional inorganic thermoelectric materials, solution-processable hybrids have made rapid progress and also offer unique advantages not available to conventional rigid inorganic thermoelectrics, namely: (1) low cost fabrication on rigid and flexible substrates, as well as (2) engineering complex conformal geometries for energy harvesting/cooling. While the number of reports of new classes of viable hybrid thermoelectric materials is growing, no group has reported a general approach for bottom-up design of both p- and n-type materials from one common base. Thus, unfortunately, the literature comprises mostly of disconnected discoveries, which limits development and calls for a first-principles approach for property manipulation analogous to doping in traditional semiconductor thermoelectrics. Here, molecular engineering at the organic/inorganic interface and simple processing techniques are combined to demonstrate a modular approach enabling de novo design of complex hybrid thermoelectric systems. We chemically modify the surfaces of inorganic nanostructures and graft conductive polymers to yield robust solution processable p- and n-type inorganic/organic hybrid nanostructures. Our new modular approach not only offers researchers new tools to perform true bottom-up design of thermoelectric hybrids, but also strong performance advantages as well due to the quality of the designed interfaces. For example, we obtain enhanced power factors in existing (by up to 500% in Te/PEDOT:PSS) and novel (Bi2S3/PEDOT:PSS) p-type systems, and also generate water-processable and air-stable high performing n-type hybrid systems (Bi2Te3/PEDOT:PSS), thus highlighting the potency of our ex situ strategy in opening up new material options for thermoelectric applications. This strategy establishes a unique platform with broad handles for custom tailoring of thermal and electrical properties through hybrid material tunability and enables independent control over inorganic material chemistry, nanostructure geometry, and organic material properties, thus providing a robust pathway to major performance enhancements. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Sahu, Ayaskanta AU - Russ, Boris AU - Su, Norman C AU - Forster, Jason D AU - Zhou, Preston AU - Cho, Eun Seon AU - Ercius, Peter AU - Coates, Nelson E AU - Segalman, Rachel A AU - Urban, Jeffrey J AD - The Molecular Foundry; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA Y1 - 2017/02// PY - 2017 DA - February 2017 SP - 3346 EP - 3357 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 5 IS - 7 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fabrics KW - Thermal conductivity KW - Hybrids KW - Energy KW - Polymers KW - Harvesting KW - Sustainability KW - Design KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1872837220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Bottom-up+design+of+de+novo+thermoelectric+hybrid+materials+using+chalcogenide+resurfacing&rft.au=Sahu%2C+Ayaskanta%3BRuss%2C+Boris%3BSu%2C+Norman+C%3BForster%2C+Jason+D%3BZhou%2C+Preston%3BCho%2C+Eun+Seon%3BErcius%2C+Peter%3BCoates%2C+Nelson+E%3BSegalman%2C+Rachel+A%3BUrban%2C+Jeffrey+J&rft.aulast=Sahu&rft.aufirst=Ayaskanta&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6ta09781b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fabrics; Thermal conductivity; Energy; Hybrids; Polymers; Sustainability; Harvesting; Design DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta09781b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compartmentalization of the Coso east flank geothermal field imaged by 3-D full-tensor MT inversion AN - 1869032521; 2017-010376 AB - Previous magnetotelluric (MT) studies of the high-temperature Coso geothermal system in California identified a subvertical feature of low resistivity (2-5 Ohm m) and appreciable lateral extent (>1 km) in the producing zone of the East Flank field. However, these models could not reproduce gross 3-D effects in the recorded data. We perform 3-D full-tensor inversion and retrieve a resistivity model that out-performs previous 2-D and 3-D off-diagonal models in terms of its fit to the complete 3-D MT data set as well as the degree of modelling bias. Inclusion of secondary Zxx and Zyy data components leads to a robust east-dip (60) to the previously identified conductive East Flank reservoir feature, which correlates strongly with recently mapped surface faults, downhole well temperatures, 3-D seismic reflection data, and local microseismicity. We perform synthetic forward modelling to test the best-fit dip of this conductor using the response at a nearby MT station. We interpret the dipping conductor as a fractured and fluidized compartment, which is structurally controlled by an unmapped blind East Flank fault zone. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Lindsey, Nathaniel J AU - Kaven, Joern Ole AU - Davatzes, Nicholas AU - Newman, Gregory A Y1 - 2017/02// PY - 2017 DA - February 2017 SP - 652 EP - 662 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 208 IS - 2 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - United States KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - Coso Hot Springs KGRA KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - downhole methods KW - resistivity KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - California KW - geothermal fields KW - Inyo County California KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - geothermal systems KW - compartmentalization KW - seismicity KW - faults KW - fault zones KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1869032521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Compartmentalization+of+the+Coso+east+flank+geothermal+field+imaged+by+3-D+full-tensor+MT+inversion&rft.au=Lindsey%2C+Nathaniel+J%3BKaven%2C+Joern+Ole%3BDavatzes%2C+Nicholas%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.aufirst=Nathaniel&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=652&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgji%2Fggw408 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; compartmentalization; Coso Hot Springs KGRA; downhole methods; fault zones; faults; geophysical methods; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; geothermal systems; inverse problem; Inyo County California; magnetotelluric methods; numerical models; resistivity; seismicity; three-dimensional models; United States; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw408 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large reductions in urban black carbon concentrations in the United States between 1965 and 2000 AN - 1859488562; PQ0004002644 AB - Long-term pollutant concentration trends can be useful for evaluating air quality effects of emission controls and historical transitions in energy sources. We employed archival records of coefficient of haze (COH), a now-retired measure of light-absorbing particulate matter, to re-construct historical black carbon (BC) concentrations at urban locations in the United States (U.S.). The following relationship between COH and BC was determined by reinstating into service COH monitors beside aethalometers for two years in Vallejo and one year in San Jose, California: BC ( mu g m-3) = 6.7COH + 0.1, R2 = 0.9. Estimated BC concentrations in ten states stretching from the East to West Coast decreased markedly between 1965 and 1980: 5-fold in Illinois, Ohio, and Virginia, 4-fold in Missouri, and 2.5-fold in Pennsylvania. Over the period from the mid-1960s to the early 2000s, annual average BC concentrations in New Jersey and California decreased from 13 to 2 mu g m-3 and 4 to 1 mu g m-3, respectively, despite concurrent increases in fossil fuel consumption from 1.6 to 2.1 EJ (EJ = 1018 J) in New Jersey and 4.2 to 6.4 EJ in California. New Jersey's greater reliance on BC-producing heavy fuel oils and coal in the 1960s and early 1970s and subsequent transition to cleaner fuels explains why the decrease was larger in New Jersey than California. Patterns in seasonal and weekly BC concentrations and energy consumption trends together indicate that reducing wintertime emissions - namely substituting natural gas and electricity for heavy fuel oil in the residential sector - and decreasing emissions from diesel vehicles contributed to lower ambient BC concentrations. Over the period of study, declining concentrations of BC, a potent and short-lived climate warming pollutant, contrast increasing fossil fuel carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the U.S. Declining BC emissions may have had the benefit of mitigating some atmospheric warming driven by increased CO2 emissions with complementary health benefits. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Kirchstetter, Thomas W AU - Preble, Chelsea V AU - Hadley, Odelle L AU - Bond, Tami C AU - Apte, Joshua S AD - Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA Y1 - 2017/02// PY - 2017 DA - February 2017 SP - 17 EP - 23 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 151 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Concentration trends KW - Coefficient of haze KW - Elemental carbon KW - Air pollution KW - Energy consumption KW - Carbon dioxide emissions KW - Historical account KW - Fuels KW - ANW, USA, Virginia KW - Haze KW - Oil KW - INE, USA, California KW - Emissions KW - USA, Missouri KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Fossil fuels KW - USA, Illinois KW - Energy resources KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Benefits KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Black carbon KW - Climate change KW - Air quality KW - Particulates KW - Coal KW - Atmospheric pollution by diesel engines KW - Carbon KW - Pollutants KW - Coasts KW - Climate warming KW - Climate KW - Emission control KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles KW - Natural gas KW - Natural Gas KW - ANW, USA, New Jersey KW - Residential areas KW - Urban atmospheric pollution KW - USA, Ohio KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09241:General KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859488562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Large+reductions+in+urban+black+carbon+concentrations+in+the+United+States+between+1965+and+2000&rft.au=Kirchstetter%2C+Thomas+W%3BPreble%2C+Chelsea+V%3BHadley%2C+Odelle+L%3BBond%2C+Tami+C%3BApte%2C+Joshua+S&rft.aulast=Kirchstetter&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2016.11.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon; Fossil fuels; Energy resources; Fuels; Climate; Suspended particulate matter; Coal; Carbon dioxide; Natural gas; Atmospheric pollution by diesel engines; Atmospheric pollution; Climate warming; Urban atmospheric pollution; Air quality; Carbon dioxide emissions; Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles; Haze; Historical account; Black carbon; Climate change; Emission control; Particulates; Oil; Residential areas; Emissions; Natural Gas; Pollutants; Benefits; Coasts; Carbon Dioxide; ANW, USA, New Jersey; USA, Illinois; INE, USA, California; USA, Pennsylvania; USA, Missouri; USA, Ohio; ANW, USA, Virginia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.11.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular Senescence Promotes Adverse Effects of Chemotherapy and Cancer Relapse. AN - 1851691671; 27979832 AB - Cellular senescence suppresses cancer by irreversibly arresting cell proliferation. Senescent cells acquire a proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Many genotoxic chemotherapies target proliferating cells nonspecifically, often with adverse reactions. In accord with prior work, we show that several chemotherapeutic drugs induce senescence of primary murine and human cells. Using a transgenic mouse that permits tracking and eliminating senescent cells, we show that therapy-induced senescent (TIS) cells persist and contribute to local and systemic inflammation. Eliminating TIS cells reduced several short- and long-term effects of the drugs, including bone marrow suppression, cardiac dysfunction, cancer recurrence, and physical activity and strength. Consistent with our findings in mice, the risk of chemotherapy-induced fatigue was significantly greater in humans with increased expression of a senescence marker in T cells prior to chemotherapy. These findings suggest that senescent cells can cause certain chemotherapy side effects, providing a new target to reduce the toxicity of anticancer treatments.SIGNIFICANCEMany genotoxic chemotherapies have debilitating side effects and also induce cellular senescence in normal tissues. The senescent cells remain chronically present where they can promote local and systemic inflammation that causes or exacerbates many side effects of the chemotherapy. Cancer Discov; 7(2); 165-76. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 115. JF - Cancer discovery AU - Demaria, Marco AU - O'Leary, Monique N AU - Chang, Jianhui AU - Shao, Lijian AU - Liu, Su AU - Alimirah, Fatouma AU - Koenig, Kristin AU - Le, Catherine AU - Mitin, Natalia AU - Deal, Allison M AU - Alston, Shani AU - Academia, Emmeline C AU - Kilmarx, Sumner AU - Valdovinos, Alexis AU - Wang, Boshi AU - de Bruin, Alain AU - Kennedy, Brian K AU - Melov, Simon AU - Zhou, Daohong AU - Sharpless, Norman E AU - Muss, Hyman AU - Campisi, Judith AD - Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California. jcampisi@buckinstitute.org jcampisi@lbl.gov m.demaria@umcg.nl. ; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California. ; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas. ; HealthSpan Diagnostics, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. ; The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. ; European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. ; Department of Pathobiology, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Y1 - 2017/02// PY - 2017 DA - February 2017 SP - 165 EP - 176 VL - 7 IS - 2 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1851691671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+discovery&rft.atitle=Cellular+Senescence+Promotes+Adverse+Effects+of+Chemotherapy+and+Cancer+Relapse.&rft.au=Demaria%2C+Marco%3BO%27Leary%2C+Monique+N%3BChang%2C+Jianhui%3BShao%2C+Lijian%3BLiu%2C+Su%3BAlimirah%2C+Fatouma%3BKoenig%2C+Kristin%3BLe%2C+Catherine%3BMitin%2C+Natalia%3BDeal%2C+Allison+M%3BAlston%2C+Shani%3BAcademia%2C+Emmeline+C%3BKilmarx%2C+Sumner%3BValdovinos%2C+Alexis%3BWang%2C+Boshi%3Bde+Bruin%2C+Alain%3BKennedy%2C+Brian+K%3BMelov%2C+Simon%3BZhou%2C+Daohong%3BSharpless%2C+Norman+E%3BMuss%2C+Hyman%3BCampisi%2C+Judith&rft.aulast=Demaria&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+discovery&rft.issn=2159-8290&rft_id=info:doi/10.1158%2F2159-8290.CD-16-0241 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-28 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 2016 Feb 11;530(7589):184-9 [26840489] Cancer. 2008 Oct 1;113(7 Suppl):1857-87 [18798529] Cell. 2013 Jan 17;152(1-2):340-51 [23332765] Curr Mol Med. 2005 Mar;5(2):187-96 [15974872] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014 Apr;106(4):dju057 [24681605] Nat Rev Cancer. 2003 Apr;3(4):286-95 [12671667] Cell Death Differ. 2008 Jan;15(1):13-20 [18007666] PLoS Biol. 2008 Dec 2;6(12):2853-68 [19053174] JAMA. 2013 Jun 12;309(22):2371-81 [23757085] J Cell Biol. 2013 May 13;201(4):613-29 [23649808] Annu Rev Physiol. 2013;75:685-705 [23140366] Nat Cell Biol. 2015 Aug;17(8):1049-61 [26147250] Dev Cell. 2014 Dec 22;31(6):722-33 [25499914] Nat Med. 2015 Dec;21(12):1424-35 [26646499] Breast Cancer Res. 2006;8(4):212 [16887003] Nature. 2013 Sep 19;501(7467):421-5 [23945590] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010 Oct 20;102(20):1536-46 [20858887] EBioMedicine. 2016 Sep;11:227-238 [27591832] Nat Commun. 2013;4:1908 [23715267] Mol Biol Cell. 2012 Jun;23(11):2066-75 [22496421] J Clin Invest. 2004 Nov;114(9):1299-307 [15520862] Nat Cell Biol. 2009 Aug;11(8):973-9 [19597488] N Engl J Med. 1998 Sep 24;339(13):900-5 [9744975] Chem Biol. 2010 May 28;17(5):421-33 [20534341] Nat Med. 2016 Jan;22(1):78-83 [26657143] J Invest Dermatol. 2015 Jul;135(7):1722-6 [25855157] Aging Cell. 2009 Aug;8(4):439-48 [19485966] Nat Med. 2012 Sep;18(9):1359-68 [22863786] Aging Cell. 2006 Oct;5(5):379-89 [16911562] Nature. 2011 Nov 02;479(7372):232-6 [22048312] Lancet Oncol. 2016 Oct;17 (10 ):1453-1462 [27612583] Nat Clin Pract Oncol. 2008 Nov;5(11):632-3 [18813228] Aging Cell. 2013 Oct;12(5):851-62 [23734717] Conflict of Interest: All other authors declare no financial interests. N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-28 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-16-0241 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On-chip integration of droplet microfluidics and nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry for enzyme screening. AN - 1852669142; 27957569 AB - Biological assays often require expensive reagents and tedious manipulations. These shortcomings can be overcome using digitally operated microfluidic devices that require reduced sample volumes to automate assays. One particular challenge is integrating bioassays with mass spectrometry based analysis. Towards this goal we have developed μNIMS, a highly sensitive and high throughput technique that integrates droplet microfluidics with nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS). Enzyme reactions are carried out in droplets that can be arrayed on discrete NIMS elements at defined time intervals for subsequent mass spectrometry analysis, enabling time resolved enzyme activity assay. We apply the μNIMS platform for kinetic characterization of a glycoside hydrolase enzyme (CelE-CMB3A), a chimeric enzyme capable of deconstructing plant hemicellulose into monosaccharides for subsequent conversion to biofuel. This study reveals NIMS nanostructures can be fabricated into arrays for microfluidic droplet deposition, NIMS is compatible with droplet and digital microfluidics, and can be used on-chip to assay glycoside hydrolase enzyme in vitro. JF - Lab on a chip AU - Heinemann, Joshua AU - Deng, Kai AU - Shih, Steve C C AU - Gao, Jian AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Singh, Anup K AU - Northen, Trent R AD - Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. trnorthen@lbl.gov. ; Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, USA and Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, USA. ; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. trnorthen@lbl.gov. ; Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. trnorthen@lbl.gov and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA. ; Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. trnorthen@lbl.gov and Joint Genome Institute, Walnut creek, California, 94598, USA. Y1 - 2017/01/17/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Jan 17 SP - 323 EP - 331 VL - 17 IS - 2 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1852669142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lab+on+a+chip&rft.atitle=On-chip+integration+of+droplet+microfluidics+and+nanostructure-initiator+mass+spectrometry+for+enzyme+screening.&rft.au=Heinemann%2C+Joshua%3BDeng%2C+Kai%3BShih%2C+Steve+C+C%3BGao%2C+Jian%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BSingh%2C+Anup+K%3BNorthen%2C+Trent+R&rft.aulast=Heinemann&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft.date=2017-01-17&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lab+on+a+chip&rft.issn=1473-0189&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6lc01182a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6lc01182a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thirdhand Smoke: New Evidence, Challenges, and Future Directions. AN - 1851694813; 28001376 AB - Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the contamination that persists after secondhand tobacco smoke has been emitted into air. It refers to the tobacco-related gases and particles that become embedded in materials, such as the carpet, walls, furniture, blankets, and toys. THS is not strictly smoke, but chemicals that adhere to surfaces from which they can be released back into the air, undergo chemical transformations and/or accumulate. Currently, the hazards of THS are not as well documented as the hazards of secondhand smoke (SHS). In this Perspective, we describe the distribution and chemical changes that occur as SHS is transformed into THS, studies of environmental contamination by THS, human exposure studies, toxicology studies using animal models and in vitro systems, possible approaches for avoiding exposure, remediation of THS contamination, and priorities for further research. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Jacob, Peyton AU - Benowitz, Neal L AU - Destaillats, Hugo AU - Gundel, Lara AU - Hang, Bo AU - Martins-Green, Manuela AU - Matt, Georg E AU - Quintana, Penelope J E AU - Samet, Jonathan M AU - Schick, Suzaynn F AU - Talbot, Prue AU - Aquilina, Noel J AU - Hovell, Melbourne F AU - Mao, Jian-Hua AU - Whitehead, Todd P AD - Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California 94143, United States. ; Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Service, Departments of Medicine, and Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, University of California , San Francisco, California 94143, United States. ; Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; Biological Systems & Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California Riverside 92521, United States. ; Department of Psychology, San Diego State University , San Diego, California 92182, United States. ; Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University , San Diego, California 92182, United States. ; Department of Preventive Medicine, The Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States. ; Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California 94143, United States. ; Department of Geosciences, University of Malta , Msida, MSD 2080, Malta. ; The Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, School of Public Health, University of California , Berkeley, 94704, United States. Y1 - 2017/01/17/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Jan 17 SP - 270 EP - 294 VL - 30 IS - 1 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1851694813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Thirdhand+Smoke%3A+New+Evidence%2C+Challenges%2C+and+Future+Directions.&rft.au=Jacob%2C+Peyton%3BBenowitz%2C+Neal+L%3BDestaillats%2C+Hugo%3BGundel%2C+Lara%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BMartins-Green%2C+Manuela%3BMatt%2C+Georg+E%3BQuintana%2C+Penelope+J+E%3BSamet%2C+Jonathan+M%3BSchick%2C+Suzaynn+F%3BTalbot%2C+Prue%3BAquilina%2C+Noel+J%3BHovell%2C+Melbourne+F%3BMao%2C+Jian-Hua%3BWhitehead%2C+Todd+P&rft.aulast=Jacob&rft.aufirst=Peyton&rft.date=2017-01-17&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=1520-5010&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.chemrestox.6b00343 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-28 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00343 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Targeted clinical control of trauma patient coagulation through a thrombin dynamics model AN - 1859487678; PQ0004016387 AB - We present a methodology for personalizing the clinical treatment of severely injured patients with acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC), an endogenous biological response of impaired coagulation that occurs early after trauma and shock and that is associated with increased bleeding, morbidity, and mortality. Despite biological characterization of ATC, it is not easily or rapidly diagnosed, not always captured by slow laboratory testing, and not accurately represented by coagulation models. This lack of knowledge, combined with the inherent time pressures of trauma treatment, forces surgeons to treat ATC patients according to empirical resuscitation protocols. These entail transfusing large volumes of poorly characterized, nontargeted blood products that are not tailored to an individual, the injury, or coagulation dynamics. Massive transfusion mortality remains at 40 to 70% in the best of trauma centers. As an alternative to blunt treatments, time-consuming tests, and mechanistic models, we used dynamical systems theory to create a simple, biologically meaningful, and highly accurate model that (i) quickly forecasts a driver of downstream coagulation, thrombin concentration after tissue factor stimulation, using rapidly measurable concentrations of blood protein factors and (ii) determines the amounts of additional coagulation factors needed to rectify the predicted thrombin dynamics and potentially remedy ATC. We successfully demonstrate in vitro thrombin control consistent with the model. Compared to another model, we decreased the mean errors in two key trauma patient parameters: peak thrombin concentration after tissue factor stimulation and the time until this peak occurs. Our methodology helps to advance individualized resuscitation of trauma-induced coagulation deficits. JF - Science Translational Medicine AU - Menezes, Amor A AU - Vilardi, Ryan F AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Cohen, Mitchell J AD - California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences at University of California, Berkeley, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94704-5230, USA, aparkin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2017/01/04/ PY - 2017 DA - 2017 Jan 04 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 United States VL - 9 IS - 371 SN - 1946-6234, 1946-6234 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Thrombin KW - Translation KW - Blood products KW - Mortality KW - Tissue factor KW - Coagulation KW - Injuries KW - Coagulation factors KW - Transfusion KW - Morbidity KW - Models KW - Trauma KW - Blood KW - Shock KW - Bleeding KW - Pressure KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859487678?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Translational+Medicine&rft.atitle=Targeted+clinical+control+of+trauma+patient+coagulation+through+a+thrombin+dynamics+model&rft.au=Menezes%2C+Amor+A%3BVilardi%2C+Ryan+F%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BCohen%2C+Mitchell+J&rft.aulast=Menezes&rft.aufirst=Amor&rft.date=2017-01-04&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=371&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+Translational+Medicine&rft.issn=19466234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscitranslmed.aaf5045 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thrombin; Mortality; Blood products; Translation; Injuries; Coagulation; Tissue factor; Coagulation factors; Transfusion; Morbidity; Trauma; Models; Blood; Shock; Bleeding; Pressure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf5045 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glycosylation of inositol phosphorylceramide sphingolipids is required for normal growth and reproduction in Arabidopsis AN - 1872838560; PQ0004098342 AB - Sphingolipids are a major component of plant plasma membranes and endomembranes, and mediate a diverse range of biological processes. Study of the highly glycosylated glycosyl inositol phosphorylceramide (GIPC) sphingolipids has been slow as a result of challenges associated with the extractability of GIPCs, and their functions in the plant remain poorly characterized. We recently discovered an Arabidopsis GIPC glucuronosyltransferase, INOSITOL PHOSPHORYLCERAMIDE GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 (IPUT1), which is the first enzyme in the GIPC glycosylation pathway. Plants homozygous for the iput1 loss-of-function mutation were unobtainable, and so the developmental effects of reduced GIPC glucuronosylation could not be analyzed in planta. Using a pollen-specific rescue construct, we have here isolated homozygous iput1 mutants. The iput1 mutants show severe dwarfism, compromised pollen tube guidance, and constitutive activation of salicyclic acid-mediated defense pathways. The mutants also possess reduced GIPCs, increased ceramides, and an increased incorporation of short-chain fatty acids and dihydroxylated bases into inositol phosphorylceramides and GIPCs. The assignment of a direct role for GIPC glycan head groups in the impaired processes in iput1 mutants is complicated by the vast compensatory changes in the sphingolipidome; however, our results reveal that the glycosylation steps of GIPC biosynthesis are important regulated components of sphingolipid metabolism. This study corroborates previously suggested roles for GIPC glycans in plant growth and defense, suggests important roles for them in reproduction and demonstrates that the entire sphingolipidome is sensitive to their status. Significance Statement Sphingolipids are a major component of plant plasma membranes and endomembranes. Glycosphingolipids known as glycosyl inositol phosphorylceramides (GIPCs) are abundant, but almost nothing is known about the biological functions of the complex sugar headgroups on these lipids. Here, we use an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant impaired in synthesizing GIPC headgroups to show that many biological processes-from growth to reproduction to immunity-depend on these important glycans. JF - Plant Journal AU - Tartaglio, Virginia AU - Rennie, Emilie A AU - Cahoon, Rebecca AU - Wang, George AU - Baidoo, Edward AU - Mortimer, Jennifer C AU - Cahoon, Edgar B AU - Scheller, Henrik V AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA. Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 278 EP - 290 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 89 IS - 2 SN - 0960-7412, 0960-7412 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1872838560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Journal&rft.atitle=Glycosylation+of+inositol+phosphorylceramide+sphingolipids+is+required+for+normal+growth+and+reproduction+in+Arabidopsis&rft.au=Tartaglio%2C+Virginia%3BRennie%2C+Emilie+A%3BCahoon%2C+Rebecca%3BWang%2C+George%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward%3BMortimer%2C+Jennifer+C%3BCahoon%2C+Edgar+B%3BScheller%2C+Henrik+V&rft.aulast=Tartaglio&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Journal&rft.issn=09607412&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Ftpj.13382 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13382 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of Ni-based layered oxides for rechargeable Li-ion batteries AN - 1868337834; PQ0004044999 AB - The portable electronic market, vehicle electrification (electric vehicles or EVs) and grid electricity storage impose strict performance requirements on Li-ion batteries, the energy storage device of choice, for these demanding applications. Higher energy density than currently available is needed for these batteries, but a limited choice of materials for cathodes remains a bottleneck. Layered lithium metal oxides, particularly those with high Ni content, hold the greatest promise for high energy density Li-ion batteries because of their unique performance characteristics as well as for cost and availability considerations. In this article, we review Ni-based layered oxide materials as cathodes for high-energy Li-ion batteries. The scope of the review covers an extended chemical space, including traditional stoichiometric layered compounds and those containing two lithium ions per formula unit (with potentially even higher energy density), primarily from a materials design perspective. An in-depth understanding of the composition-structure-property map for each class of materials will be highlighted as well. The ultimate goal is to enable the discovery of new battery materials by integrating known wisdom with new principles of design, and unconventional experimental approaches (e.g., combinatorial chemistry). JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Xu, Jing AU - Lin, Feng AU - Doeff, Marca M AU - Tong, Wei AD - Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 874 EP - 901 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Storage KW - Ions KW - Metals KW - Batteries KW - Energy KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868337834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=A+review+of+Ni-based+layered+oxides+for+rechargeable+Li-ion+batteries&rft.au=Xu%2C+Jing%3BLin%2C+Feng%3BDoeff%2C+Marca+M%3BTong%2C+Wei&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Jing&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=874&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6ta07991a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 277 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Metals; Ions; Batteries; Energy; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta07991a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health benefits and costs of filtration interventions that reduce indoor exposure to PM2.5 during wildfires AN - 1859495963; PQ0003987183 AB - Increases in hospital admissions and deaths are associated with increases in outdoor air particles during wildfires. This analysis estimates the health benefits expected if interventions had improved particle filtration in homes in Southern California during a 10-day period of wildfire smoke exposure. Economic benefits and intervention costs are also estimated. The six interventions implemented in all affected houses are projected to prevent 11% to 63% of the hospital admissions and 7% to 39% of the deaths attributable to wildfire particles. The fraction of the population with an admission attributable to wildfire smoke is small, thus, the costs of interventions in all homes far exceeds the economic benefits of reduced hospital admissions. However, the estimated economic value of the prevented deaths exceed or far exceed intervention costs for interventions that do not use portable air cleaners. For the interventions with portable air cleaner use, mortality-related economic benefits exceed intervention costs as long as the cost of the air cleaners, which have a multi-year life, are not attributed to the short wildfire period. Cost effectiveness is improved by intervening only in the homes of the elderly who experience most of the health effects of particles from wildfires. JF - Indoor Air AU - Fisk, W J AU - Chan, W R AD - Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 191 EP - 204 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Mortality KW - Pollutant removal KW - Death KW - Houses KW - Housing KW - Intervention KW - Particulates KW - Emission control equipment KW - Smoke KW - Filtration KW - Wildfire KW - Air purification KW - INE, USA, California KW - Economics KW - Residential areas KW - Geriatrics KW - Air cleaners KW - Hospitals KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859495963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Health+benefits+and+costs+of+filtration+interventions+that+reduce+indoor+exposure+to+PM2.5+during+wildfires&rft.au=Fisk%2C+W+J%3BChan%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Fisk&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fina.12285 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Houses; Filtration; Death; Wildfire; Economics; Geriatrics; Hospitals; Particle size; Pollutant removal; Mortality; Housing; Intervention; Particulates; Emission control equipment; Air purification; Residential areas; Air cleaners; INE, USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ina.12285 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis of ionic liquid processed biorefinery lignin to phenolic compounds AN - 1859485022; PQ0004010124 AB - Lignocellulosic biomass has the potential to play a significant role in the global bioeconomy for the production of renewable fuels and chemicals. It has been estimated that there are roughly a billion tons of lignocellulose available annually in the United States alone. Valorization of residual lignin streams generated from lignocellulosic biorefineries is key for economic viability and sustainability. In this work, catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis using isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as a hydrogen-donor solvent was employed at 300 degree C to valorize lignin-enriched residues obtained from an ionic liquid (IL) conversion process. This process results in high liquid yields (65.5 wt%) with a significant amount of monomers present (27 wt%) and low char formation. Compositional analysis of the process streams indicates that alkyl-substituted phenols are the main products. Lignin depolymerization was enhanced at longer reaction times and in the presence of Ru/C, producing more, low molecular weight products with a greater extent of alkylation on the aromatic rings. This work suggests that residual lignin fractions from IL-based lignocellulosic conversion technologies can be depolymerized to value-added products and low molecular weight platform chemicals for the renewable fuels and chemicals sector. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Kim, Kwang Ho AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Biomass Pretreatment; Joint BioEnergy Institute; Emeryville; CA; USA; +1 925 294 4551 Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 215 EP - 224 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Alcohol KW - Residues KW - Solvents KW - Biomass KW - Sustainability KW - Phenols KW - USA KW - Renewable energy KW - Economics KW - Green development KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859485022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Catalytic+transfer+hydrogenolysis+of+ionic+liquid+processed+biorefinery+lignin+to+phenolic+compounds&rft.au=Kim%2C+Kwang+Ho%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Kwang&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6gc02473d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Alcohol; Residues; Renewable energy; Green development; Economics; Solvents; Biomass; Phenols; Sustainability; Technology; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc02473d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Signaling Cross Talk between TGF-[beta]/Smad and Other Signaling Pathways AN - 1859481031; PQ0004016392 AB - Cytokines of the transforming growth factor [beta] (TGF-[beta]) family, including TGF-[beta]s, bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), activins, and Nodal, play crucial roles in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis by regulating cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation, as well as stem-cell self-renewal and lineage-specific differentiation. Smad proteins are critical downstream mediators of these signaling activities. In addition to regulating the transcription of direct target genes of TGF-[beta], BMP, activin, or Nodal, Smad proteins also participate in extensive cross talk with other signaling pathways, often in a cell-type- or developmental stage-specific manner. These combinatorial signals often produce context-, time-, and location-dependent biological outcomes that are critical for development. This review discusses recent progress in our understanding of the cross talk between Smad proteins and signaling pathways of Wnt, Notch, Hippo, Hedgehog (Hh), mitogen-activated protein (MAP), kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt, nuclear factor [kappa]B (NF-[kappa]B), and Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathways. JF - Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology AU - Luo, Kunxin AD - Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, and Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, kluo@berkeley.edu Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 PB - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Fulfillment & Distribution Dept. Woodbury NY 11797-2924 United States VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1943-0264, 1943-0264 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cell survival KW - MAP kinase KW - Transcription KW - Homeostasis KW - Smad protein KW - NF- Kappa B protein KW - Janus kinase KW - Notch protein KW - Activin KW - Differentiation KW - Bone morphogenetic proteins KW - Embryogenesis KW - Hedgehog protein KW - Stem cells KW - Transforming growth factor- beta KW - Cytokines KW - phosphoinositides KW - Cell proliferation KW - Signal transduction KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859481031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cold+Spring+Harbor+Perspectives+in+Biology&rft.atitle=Signaling+Cross+Talk+between+TGF-%5Bbeta%5D%2FSmad+and+Other+Signaling+Pathways&rft.au=Luo%2C+Kunxin&rft.aulast=Luo&rft.aufirst=Kunxin&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cold+Spring+Harbor+Perspectives+in+Biology&rft.issn=19430264&rft_id=info:doi/10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a022137 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell survival; MAP kinase; Transcription; Homeostasis; Smad protein; Janus kinase; NF- Kappa B protein; Activin; Notch protein; Differentiation; Stem cells; Hedgehog protein; Embryogenesis; Bone morphogenetic proteins; Transforming growth factor- beta; phosphoinositides; Cytokines; Cell proliferation; Signal transduction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022137 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering glucose metabolism of Escherichia coli under nitrogen starvation AN - 1859469998; PQ0004012835 AB - A major aspect of microbial metabolic engineering is the development of chassis hosts that have favorable global metabolic phenotypes, and can be further engineered to produce a variety of compounds. In this work, we focus on the problem of decoupling growth and production in the model bacterium Escherichia coli, and in particular on the maintenance of active metabolism during nitrogen-limited stationary phase. We find that by overexpressing the enzyme PtsI, a component of the glucose uptake system that is inhibited by alpha -ketoglutarate during nitrogen limitation, we are able to achieve a fourfold increase in metabolic rates. Alternative systems were also tested: chimeric PtsI proteins hypothesized to be insensitive to alpha -ketoglutarate did not improve metabolic rates under the conditions tested, whereas systems based on the galactose permease GalP suffered from energy stress and extreme sensitivity to expression level. Overexpression of PtsI is likely to be a useful arrow in the metabolic engineer's quiver as productivity of engineered pathways becomes limited by central metabolic rates during stationary phase production processes. JF - NPJ Systems Biology and Applications AU - Chubukov, Victor AU - Desmarais, John James AU - Wang, George AU - Chan, Leanne Jade G AU - Baidoo, Edward EK AU - Petzold, Christopher J AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 16035 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 3 SN - 2056-7189, 2056-7189 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Galactose KW - Starvation KW - Metabolic rate KW - permease KW - Stress KW - Enzymes KW - metabolic engineering KW - Glucose metabolism KW - Models KW - stationary phase KW - Energy KW - Escherichia coli KW - Nitrogen KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859469998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPJ+Systems+Biology+and+Applications&rft.atitle=Engineering+glucose+metabolism+of+Escherichia+coli+under+nitrogen+starvation&rft.au=Chubukov%2C+Victor%3BDesmarais%2C+John+James%3BWang%2C+George%3BChan%2C+Leanne+Jade+G%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward+EK%3BPetzold%2C+Christopher+J%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+Aindrila&rft.aulast=Chubukov&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=16035&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NPJ+Systems+Biology+and+Applications&rft.issn=20567189&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnpjsba.2016.35 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Starvation; Galactose; stationary phase; Energy; Metabolic rate; metabolic engineering; Enzymes; Stress; permease; Glucose metabolism; Models; Nitrogen; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npjsba.2016.35 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying chemicals of concern in hydraulic fracturing fluids used for oil production. AN - 1835447311; 27743793 AB - Chemical additives used for hydraulic fracturing and matrix acidizing of oil reservoirs were reviewed and priority chemicals of concern needing further environmental risk assessment, treatment demonstration, or evaluation of occupational hazards were identified. We evaluated chemical additives used for well stimulation in California, the third largest oil producing state in the USA, by the mass and frequency of use, as well as toxicity. The most frequently used chemical additives in oil development were gelling agents, cross-linkers, breakers, clay control agents, iron and scale control agents, corrosion inhibitors, biocides, and various impurities and product stabilizers used as part of commercial mixtures. Hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids, used for matrix acidizing and other purposes, were reported infrequently. A large number and mass of solvents and surface active agents were used, including quaternary ammonia compounds (QACs) and nonionic surfactants. Acute toxicity was evaluated and many chemicals with low hazard to mammals were identified as potentially hazardous to aquatic environments. Based on an analysis of quantities used, toxicity, and lack of adequate hazard evaluation, QACs, biocides, and corrosion inhibitors were identified as priority chemicals of concern that deserve further investigation. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Stringfellow, William T AU - Camarillo, Mary Kay AU - Domen, Jeremy K AU - Sandelin, Whitney L AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Jordan, Preston D AU - Reagan, Matthew T AU - Cooley, Heather AU - Heberger, Matthew G AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AD - Earth & Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Ecological Engineering Research Program, School of Engineering & Computer Science, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA. Electronic address: wstringfellow@lbl.gov. ; Ecological Engineering Research Program, School of Engineering & Computer Science, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA. ; Earth & Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Pacific Institute, 654 13th Street, Preservation Park, Oakland, CA 94612, USA. Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 413 EP - 420 VL - 220 KW - Disinfectants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Produced water KW - Corrosion inhibitors KW - Biocides KW - Oil production KW - Well stimulation KW - Hydraulic fracturing KW - California KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Oil and Gas Fields KW - Risk Assessment KW - Hydraulic Fracking KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Extraction and Processing Industry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835447311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Identifying+chemicals+of+concern+in+hydraulic+fracturing+fluids+used+for+oil+production.&rft.au=Stringfellow%2C+William+T%3BCamarillo%2C+Mary+Kay%3BDomen%2C+Jeremy+K%3BSandelin%2C+Whitney+L%3BVaradharajan%2C+Charuleka%3BJordan%2C+Preston+D%3BReagan%2C+Matthew+T%3BCooley%2C+Heather%3BHeberger%2C+Matthew+G%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Stringfellow&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=220&rft.issue=&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=1873-6424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envpol.2016.09.082 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2017-02-24 N1 - Date created - 2016-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-28 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.082 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visualizing subsurface defects in graphite by acoustic atomic force microscopy. AN - 1826670193; 27087240 AB - We describe a versatile platform, which combines atomic force acoustic microscopy, ultrasonic atomic force microscopy and heterodyne force microscopy. The AFM system can enable in-situ switching among these operation modes flexibly and thus benefit the discrimination of differences in mechanical properties and buried subsurface nanostructures. We demonstrate the potential of this platform for visualizing the subsurface defects of graphite. Our results show that tiny topographic edges are enhanced in acoustic oscillation signals whilst embedded defects and inhomogeneous in mechanical properties are made clearly distinguishable. The possibility of detecting subsurface defects in few-layer graphene is further discussed with first-principles calculations. Microsc. Res. Tech. 80:66-74, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Microscopy research and technique AU - Wang, Tian AU - Ma, Chengfu AU - Hu, Wei AU - Chen, Yuhang AU - Chu, Jiaru AD - Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. ; Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA. Y1 - 2017/01// PY - 2017 DA - January 2017 SP - 66 EP - 74 VL - 80 IS - 1 KW - subsurface nanoimaging KW - graphite KW - heterodyne force microscopy KW - atomic force acoustic microscopy KW - ultrasonic atomic force microscopy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1826670193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microscopy+research+and+technique&rft.atitle=Visualizing+subsurface+defects+in+graphite+by+acoustic+atomic+force+microscopy.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Tian%3BMa%2C+Chengfu%3BHu%2C+Wei%3BChen%2C+Yuhang%3BChu%2C+Jiaru&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Tian&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microscopy+research+and+technique&rft.issn=1097-0029&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjemt.22668 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-04-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.22668 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of elevated dissolved CO (sub 2) on a shallow ground water system; reactive transport modeling of a controlled release field test AN - 1873349704; 2017-015596 AB - One of the risks that CO (sub 2) geological sequestration imposes on the environment is the impact of potential CO (sub 2) /brine leakage on shallow groundwater. The reliability of reactive transport models predicting the response of groundwater to CO (sub 2) leakage depends on a thorough understanding of the relevant chemical processes and key parameters affecting dissolved CO (sub 2) transport and reaction. Such understanding can be provided by targeted field tests integrated with reactive transport modeling. A controlled-release field experiment was conducted in Mississippi to study the CO (sub 2) -induced geochemical changes in a shallow sandy aquifer at about 50 m depth. The field test involved a dipole system in which the groundwater was pumped from one well, saturated with CO (sub 2) at the pressure corresponding to the hydraulic pressure of the aquifer, and then re-injected into the same aquifer using a second well. Groundwater samples were collected for chemical analyses from four monitoring wells before, during and after the dissolved CO (sub 2) was injected. In this paper, we present reactive transport models used to interpret the observed changes in metal concentrations in these groundwater samples. A reasonable agreement between simulated and measured concentrations indicates that the chemical response in the aquifer can be interpreted using a conceptual model that encompasses two main features: (a) a fast-reacting but limited pool of reactive minerals that responds quickly to changes in pH and causes a pulse-like concentration change, and (b) a slow-reacting but essentially unlimited mineral pool that yields rising metal concentrations upon decreased groundwater velocities after pumping and injection stopped. During the injection, calcite dissolution and Ca-driven cation exchange reactions contribute to a sharp pulse in concentrations of Ca, Ba, Mg, Mn, K, Li, Na and Sr, whereas desorption reactions control a similar increase in Fe concentrations. After the injection and pumping stops and the groundwater flow rate decreases, the dissolution of relatively slow reacting minerals such as plagioclase drives the rising concentrations of alkali and alkaline earth metals observed at later stages of the test, whereas the dissolution of amorphous iron sulfide causes slowly increasing Fe concentrations. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Bianchi, Marco AU - Pugh, John D AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Tinnacher, Ruth M AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Nico, Peter AU - Trautz, Robert C Y1 - 2016/12/30/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 30 SP - 117 EP - 132 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 447 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - water quality KW - contaminant plumes KW - observation wells KW - gas storage KW - simulation KW - drinking water KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - reactivity KW - transport KW - sediments KW - trend-surface analysis KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - Jackson County Mississippi KW - sand KW - North America KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - marshes KW - clastic sediments KW - statistical analysis KW - Mississippi KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - Pascagoula River basin KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - aquifers KW - models KW - gas injection KW - mires KW - salt marshes KW - metals KW - brines KW - testing KW - shallow aquifers KW - reservoir properties KW - water resources KW - field studies KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873349704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Use+of+nonionic+surfactants+for+improvement+of+terpene+production+in+Saccharomyces+cerevisiae.&rft.au=Kirby%2C+James%3BNishimoto%2C+Minobu%3BChow%2C+Ruthie+W+N%3BPasumarthi%2C+Venkata+N%3BChan%2C+Rossana%3BChan%2C+Leanne+Jade+G%3BPetzold%2C+Christopher+J%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Kirby&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=6685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1098-5336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02155-14 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic sediments; contaminant plumes; drinking water; experimental studies; field studies; gas injection; gas storage; ground water; Gulf Coastal Plain; Jackson County Mississippi; marshes; metals; mires; Mississippi; models; monitoring; North America; observation wells; Pascagoula River basin; pH; pollution; reactivity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; salt marshes; sand; sediments; shallow aquifers; simulation; solute transport; solutes; statistical analysis; testing; transport; trend-surface analysis; United States; water pollution; water quality; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.10.027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of etch pit development on the surface area and dissolution kinetics of the orthoclase (001) surface AN - 1873348575; 2017-015594 AB - The (001) orthoclase surface was dissolved at 180 degrees C and at far from equilibrium conditions with an alkaline solution (pH (sub 180 degrees C) = 9) in a titanium open flow reactor. Vertical scanning interferometer (VSI) and atomic force microscope (AFM) surface monitoring were periodically used during the reaction process in order to quantify the surface topography evolution. The dissolution of the (001) orthoclase face occurs with the formation of diamond shape etch pits. Diamond pit diagonals are parallel to the [100] and [010] axes, and the pit walls are parallel to (6 5 6), (6 5 6), (6 5 1 1) and (6 5 1 1) planes. The etch pit size and global surface retreat of the (001) surface were found to increase linearly with time. Based on statistical treatments of etch pit development monitoring by AFM, we designed a numerical model aimed at reproducing and quantifying the total surface evolution. Numerical results show that the stabilization of etch pits doubles the calculated dissolution rate, partly due to the intrinsically higher reactivity of pit walls, consistent with a dissolution process in line with the periodic bond chain (PBC) theory. In addition, normalizing the dissolution rate by the initial surface area of the (001) orthoclase surface induces a 20% overestimation of the calculated dissolution rate, while the total surface area of the dissolving face reaches a steady state after a few days of reaction. Additional simulations conducted to assess the impact of defect parameters revealed a weak dependence of the dissolution rate on dislocation density, consistent with previous experimental observations. Overall, the combined effect of the various defect parameters does not affect the dissolution rate by more than an order of magnitude, and probably contributes to a moderate extent to the dispersion of mineral dissolution rate data reported in the literature. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Pollet-Villard, Marion AU - Daval, Damien AU - Fritz, Bertrand AU - Knauss, Kevin G AU - Schaefer, Gerhard AU - Ackerer, Philippe Y1 - 2016/12/30/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 30 SP - 79 EP - 92 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 447 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - silicates KW - density KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - halogens KW - mass spectra KW - simulation KW - silicon KW - metasomatism KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - major elements KW - alkali feldspar KW - phase equilibria KW - aluminum KW - diamond KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - chlorine KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - alkali metals KW - electron microscopy data KW - native elements KW - solubility KW - sodium KW - alkalic composition KW - ICP mass spectra KW - orthoclase KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - steady-state processes KW - potassium KW - crystal chemistry KW - feldspar group KW - SEM data KW - backscattering KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873348575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+etch+pit+development+on+the+surface+area+and+dissolution+kinetics+of+the+orthoclase+%28001%29+surface&rft.au=Pollet-Villard%2C+Marion%3BDaval%2C+Damien%3BFritz%2C+Bertrand%3BKnauss%2C+Kevin+G%3BSchaefer%2C+Gerhard%3BAckerer%2C+Philippe&rft.aulast=Pollet-Villard&rft.aufirst=Marion&rft.date=2016-12-30&rft.volume=447&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2016.09.038 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali feldspar; alkali metals; alkalic composition; aluminum; atomic force microscopy data; backscattering; chemical composition; chlorine; crystal chemistry; density; diamond; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; halogens; hydrothermal alteration; ICP mass spectra; kinetics; major elements; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metals; metasomatism; native elements; numerical models; orthoclase; phase equilibria; potassium; SEM data; silicates; silicon; simulation; sodium; solubility; spectra; statistical analysis; steady-state processes; surface properties; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.09.038 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Loss of Inositol Phosphorylceramide Sphingolipid Mannosylation Induces Plant Immune Responses and Reduces Cellulose Content in Arabidopsis AN - 1868319645; PQ0004037290 AB - Identification and characterization of a putative Arabidopsis sphingolipid glycosyltranferase suggests that glycosylation of these crucial lipids affects cellulose content and plant defense signaling. Glycosylinositol phosphorylceramides (GIPCs) are a class of glycosylated sphingolipids found in plants, fungi, and protozoa. These lipids are abundant in the plant plasma membrane, forming similar to 25% of total plasma membrane lipids. Little is known about the function of the glycosylated headgroup, but two recent studies have indicated that they play a key role in plant signaling and defense. Here, we show that a member of glycosyltransferase family 64, previously named ECTOPICALLY PARTING CELLS1, is likely a Golgi-localized GIPC-specific mannosyl-transferase, which we renamed GIPC MANNOSYL-TRANSFERASE1 (GMT1). Sphingolipid analysis revealed that the Arabidopsis thaliana gmt1 mutant almost completely lacks mannose-carrying GIPCs. Heterologous expression of GMT1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cv Bright Yellow 2 resulted in the production of non-native mannosylated GIPCs. gmt1 displays a severe dwarfed phenotype and a constitutive hypersensitive response characterized by elevated salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide levels, similar to that we previously reported for the Golgi-localized, GIPC-specific, GDP-Man transporter GONST1 (Mortimer et al., 2013). Unexpectedly, we show that gmt1 cell walls have a reduction in cellulose content, although other matrix polysaccharides are unchanged. JF - Plant Cell AU - Fang, Lin AU - Ishikawa, Toshiki AU - Rennie, Emilie A AU - Murawska, Gosia M AU - Lao, Jeemeng AU - Yan, Jingwei AU - Tsai, Alex Yi-Lin AU - Baidoo, Edward EK AU - Xu, Jun AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Demura, Taku AU - Kawai-Yamada, Maki AU - Scheller, Henrik V AU - Mortimer, Jenny C AD - Biological Systems and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, jcmortimer@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/12/28/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 28 SP - 2991 EP - 3004 PB - American Society of Plant Biologists, 15501 Monona Dr. Rockville MD 20855-2768 United States VL - 28 IS - 12 SN - 1040-4651, 1040-4651 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Lipids KW - Fungi KW - Inositol KW - Cellulose KW - Glycosylation KW - Nicotiana tabacum KW - Polysaccharides KW - Salicylic acid KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Glycosyltransferase KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Protozoa KW - Plasma membranes KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Sphingolipids KW - Hypersensitive response KW - Arabidopsis KW - Immune response KW - Cell walls KW - W 30940:Products UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868319645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Cell&rft.atitle=Loss+of+Inositol+Phosphorylceramide+Sphingolipid+Mannosylation+Induces+Plant+Immune+Responses+and+Reduces+Cellulose+Content+in+Arabidopsis&rft.au=Fang%2C+Lin%3BIshikawa%2C+Toshiki%3BRennie%2C+Emilie+A%3BMurawska%2C+Gosia+M%3BLao%2C+Jeemeng%3BYan%2C+Jingwei%3BTsai%2C+Alex+Yi-Lin%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward+EK%3BXu%2C+Jun%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BDemura%2C+Taku%3BKawai-Yamada%2C+Maki%3BScheller%2C+Henrik+V%3BMortimer%2C+Jenny+C&rft.aulast=Fang&rft.aufirst=Lin&rft.date=2016-12-28&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2991&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Cell&rft.issn=10404651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1105%2Ftpc.16.00186 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fungi; Lipids; Cellulose; Inositol; Glycosylation; Polysaccharides; Salicylic acid; Glycosyltransferase; Plasma membranes; Protozoa; Sphingolipids; Hydrogen peroxide; Hypersensitive response; Immune response; Cell walls; Arabidopsis thaliana; Arabidopsis; Nicotiana tabacum; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.16.00186 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Encapsulation of Perovskite Nanocrystals into Macroscale Polymer Matrices: Enhanced Stability and Polarization. AN - 1851293488; 27991752 AB - Lead halide perovskites hold promise for photonic devices, due to their superior optoelectronic properties. However, their use is limited by poor stability and toxicity. We demonstrate enhanced water and light stability of high-surface-area colloidal perovskite nanocrystals by encapsulation of colloidal CsPbBr3 quantum dots into matched hydrophobic macroscale polymeric matrices. This is achieved by mixing the quantum dots with presynthesized high-molecular-weight polymers. We monitor the photoluminescence quantum yield of the perovskite-polymer nanocomposite films under water-soaking for the first time, finding no change even after >4 months of continuous immersion in water. Furthermore, photostability is greatly enhanced in the macroscale polymer-encapsulated nanocrystal perovskites, which sustain >1010 absorption events per quantum dot prior to photodegradation, a significant threshold for potential device use. Control of the quantum dot shape in these thin-film polymer composite enables color tunability via strong quantum-confinement in nanoplates and significant room temperature polarized emission from perovskite nanowires. Not only does the high-molecular-weight polymer protect the perovskites from the environment but also no escaped lead was detected in water that was in contact with the encapsulated perovskites for months. Our ligand-passivated perovskite-macroscale polymer composites provide a robust platform for diverse photonic applications. JF - ACS applied materials & interfaces AU - Raja, Shilpa N AU - Bekenstein, Yehonadav AU - Koc, Matthew A AU - Fischer, Stefan AU - Zhang, Dandan AU - Lin, Liwei AU - Ritchie, Robert O AU - Yang, Peidong AU - Alivisatos, A Paul AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2016/12/28/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 28 SP - 35523 EP - 35533 VL - 8 IS - 51 KW - light and water stability KW - nanocomposite polarization KW - nanowires and nanoplates KW - photon budget KW - hydrophobic polymer KW - perovskite quantum dot nanocrystals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1851293488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Forest+response+to+increased+disturbance+in+the+central+Amazon+and+comparison+to+western+Amazonian+forests&rft.au=Holm%2C+J+A%3BChambers%2C+J+Q%3BCollins%2C+W+D%3BHiguchi%2C+N&rft.aulast=Holm&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-10-20&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=5773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-11-5773-2014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b09443 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering Bacteria to Catabolize the Carbonaceous Component of Sarin: Teaching E. coli to Eat Isopropanol. AN - 1826713464; 27403844 AB - We report an engineered strain of Escherichia coli that catabolizes the carbonaceous component of the extremely toxic chemical warfare agent sarin. Enzymatic decomposition of sarin generates isopropanol waste that, with this engineered strain, is then transformed into acetyl-CoA by enzymatic conversion with a key reaction performed by the acetone carboxylase complex (ACX). We engineered the heterologous expression of the ACX complex from Xanthobacter autotrophicus PY2 to match the naturally occurring subunit stoichiometry and purified the recombinant complex from E. coli for biochemical analysis. Incorporating this ACX complex and enzymes from diverse organisms, we introduced an isopropanol degradation pathway in E. coli, optimized induction conditions, and decoupled enzyme expression to probe pathway bottlenecks. Our engineered E. coli consumed 65% of isopropanol compared to no-cell controls and was able to grow on isopropanol as a sole carbon source. In the process, reconstitution of this large ACX complex (370 kDa) in a system naïve to its structural and mechanistic requirements allowed us to study this otherwise cryptic enzyme in more detail than would have been possible in the less genetically tractable native Xanthobacter system. JF - ACS synthetic biology AU - Brown, Margaret E AU - Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila AU - Keasling, Jay D AD - Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2016/12/16/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 16 SP - 1485 EP - 1496 VL - 5 IS - 12 KW - acetone carboxylase KW - biodegradation KW - synthetic biology KW - sarin KW - carbon catabolism pathway KW - bioengineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1826713464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+synthetic+biology&rft.atitle=Engineering+Bacteria+to+Catabolize+the+Carbonaceous+Component+of+Sarin%3A+Teaching+E.+coli+to+Eat+Isopropanol.&rft.au=Brown%2C+Margaret+E%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+Aindrila%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2016-12-16&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1485&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+synthetic+biology&rft.issn=2161-5063&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-07-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two-phase deformation of lower mantle mineral analogs AN - 1863566718; 2017-008710 AB - The lower mantle is estimated to be composed of mostly bridgmanite and a smaller percentage of ferropericlase, yet very little information exists for two-phase deformation of these minerals. To better understand the rheology and active deformation mechanisms of these lower mantle minerals, especially dislocation slip and the development of crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO), we deformed mineral analogs neighborite (NaMgF (sub 3) , iso-structural with bridgmanite) and halite (NaCl, iso-structural with ferropericlase) together in the deformation-DIA at the Advanced Photon Source up to 51% axial shortening. Development of CPO was recorded in situ with X-ray diffraction, and information on microstructural evolution was collected using X-ray microtomography. Results show that when present in as little as 15% volume, the weak phase (NaCl) controls the deformation. Compared to single phase NaMgF (sub 3) samples, samples with just 15% volume NaCl show a reduction of CPO in NaMgF (sub 3) and weakening of the aggregate. Microtomography shows both NaMgF (sub 3) and NaCl form highly interconnected networks of grains. Polycrystal plasticity simulations were carried out to gain insight into slip activity, CPO evolution, and strain and stress partitioning between phases for different synthetic two-phase microstructures. The results suggest that ferropericlase may control deformation in the lower mantle and reduce CPO in bridgmanite, which implies a less viscous lower mantle and helps to explain why the lower mantle is fairly isotropic. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Kaercher, P AU - Miyagi, L AU - Kanitpanyacharoen, W AU - Zepeda-Alarcon, E AU - Wang, Y AU - Parkinson, D AU - Lebensohn, R A AU - De Carlo, F AU - Wenk, H R Y1 - 2016/12/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 15 SP - 134 EP - 145 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 456 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - halides KW - fluorides KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - strain KW - microstructure KW - mantle KW - crystal structure KW - neighborite KW - preferred orientation KW - lower mantle KW - rheology KW - chlorides KW - oxides KW - plasticity KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - structural analysis KW - stress KW - X-ray microtomography KW - deformation KW - high pressure KW - halite KW - X-ray data KW - viscosity KW - natural analogs KW - anvil cells KW - computed tomography data KW - ferropericlase KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1863566718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Two-phase+deformation+of+lower+mantle+mineral+analogs&rft.au=Kaercher%2C+P%3BMiyagi%2C+L%3BKanitpanyacharoen%2C+W%3BZepeda-Alarcon%2C+E%3BWang%2C+Y%3BParkinson%2C+D%3BLebensohn%2C+R+A%3BDe+Carlo%2C+F%3BWenk%2C+H+R&rft.aulast=Kaercher&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2016-12-15&rft.volume=456&rft.issue=&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2016.09.030 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-02 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anvil cells; chlorides; computed tomography data; crystal structure; deformation; experimental studies; ferropericlase; fluorides; halides; halite; high pressure; lower mantle; mantle; microstructure; natural analogs; neighborite; oxides; plasticity; preferred orientation; pressure; rheology; sodium chloride; strain; stress; structural analysis; viscosity; X-ray data; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray microtomography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.09.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cadmium(II) inhibition of human uracil-DNA glycosylase by catalytic water supplantation. AN - 1851284435; 27974818 AB - Toxic metals are known to inhibit DNA repair but the underlying mechanisms of inhibition are still not fully understood. DNA repair enzymes such as human uracil-DNA glycosylase (hUNG) perform the initial step in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. In this work, we showed that cadmium [Cd(II)], a known human carcinogen, inhibited all activity of hUNG at 100 μM. Computational analyses based on 2 μs equilibrium, 1.6 μs steered molecular dynamics (SMD), and QM/MM MD determined that Cd(II) ions entered the enzyme active site and formed close contacts with both D145 and H148, effectively replacing the catalytic water normally found in this position. Geometry refinement by density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that Cd(II) formed a tetrahedral structure with D145, P146, H148, and one water molecule. This work for the first time reports Cd(II) inhibition of hUNG which was due to replacement of the catalytic water by binding the active site D145 and H148 residues. Comparison of the proposed metal binding site to existing structural data showed that D145:H148 followed a general metal binding motif favored by Cd(II). The identified motif offered structural insights into metal inhibition of other DNA repair enzymes and glycosylases. JF - Scientific reports AU - Gokey, Trevor AU - Hang, Bo AU - Guliaev, Anton B AD - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA. ; Biological Systems and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2016/12/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 15 SP - 39137 VL - 6 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1851284435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Cadmium%28II%29+inhibition+of+human+uracil-DNA+glycosylase+by+catalytic+water+supplantation.&rft.au=Gokey%2C+Trevor%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BGuliaev%2C+Anton+B&rft.aulast=Gokey&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rft.date=2016-12-15&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep39137 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep39137 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Root traits explain observed tundra vegetation nitrogen uptake patterns: Implications for trait-based land models AN - 1868341894; PQ0004024227 AB - Ongoing climate warming will likely perturb vertical distributions of nitrogen availability in tundra soils through enhancing nitrogen mineralization and releasing previously inaccessible nitrogen from frozen permafrost soil. However, arctic tundra responses to such changes are uncertain, because of a lack of vertically explicit nitrogen tracer experiments and untested hypotheses of root nitrogen uptake under the stress of microbial competition implemented in land models. We conducted a vertically explicit super(15)N tracer experiment for three dominant tundra species to quantify plant N uptake profiles. Then we applied a nutrient competition model (N-COM), which is being integrated into the ACME Land Model, to explain the observations. Observations using an super(15)N tracer showed that plant N uptake profiles were not consistently related to root biomass density profiles, which challenges the prevailing hypothesis that root density always exerts first-order control on N uptake. By considering essential root traits (e.g., biomass distribution and nutrient uptake kinetics) with an appropriate plant-microbe nutrient competition framework, our model reasonably reproduced the observed patterns of plant N uptake. In addition, we show that previously applied nutrient competition hypotheses in Earth System Land Models fail to explain the diverse plant N uptake profiles we observed. Our results cast doubt on current climate-scale model predictions of arctic plant responses to elevated nitrogen supply under a changing climate and highlight the importance of considering essential root traits in large-scale land models. Finally, we provided suggestions and a short synthesis of data availability for future trait-based land model development. Key Points * Short-term super(15)N tracer experiment informs tundra plant nitrogen uptake patterns * Nutrient competition frameworks currently applied in Earth System Models cannot represent observed patterns * Root biomass, uptake kinetics, and appropriate plant-microbial competition framework are important to predict tundra nitrogen uptake JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. G. Biogeosciences AU - Zhu, Qing AU - Iversen, Colleen M AU - Riley, William J AU - Slette, Ingrid J AU - Vander Stel, Holly M AD - Climate Sciences Department, Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 3101 EP - 3112 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 12 SN - 2169-8953, 2169-8953 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Density KW - Roots KW - Nutrients KW - Framework KW - Biomass KW - PN, Arctic KW - Tracers KW - Tundra KW - Kinetics KW - Absorption KW - Uptake KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nitrogen isotopes KW - Modelling KW - Nitrogen KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09261:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868341894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Root+traits+explain+observed+tundra+vegetation+nitrogen+uptake+patterns%3A+Implications+for+trait-based+land+models&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Qing%3BIversen%2C+Colleen+M%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BSlette%2C+Ingrid+J%3BVander+Stel%2C+Holly+M&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Qing&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.issn=21698953&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JG003554 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tracers; Roots; Uptake; Framework; Nitrogen isotopes; Nutrients (mineral); Biomass; Nitrogen; Modelling; Density; Kinetics; Tundra; Absorption; Nutrients; PN, Arctic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003554 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of the climate commitments and additional mitigation policies of the United States AN - 1868312654; PQ0004023548 AB - Current intended nationally determined contributions (INDCs) are insufficient to meet the Paris Agreement goal of limiting temperature change to between 1.5 and 2.0 degree C above pre-industrial levels, so the effectiveness of existing INDCs will be crucial to further progress. Here we assess the likely range of US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2025 and whether the US's INDC can be met, on the basis of updated historical and projected estimates. We group US INDC policies into three categories reflecting potential future policies, and model 17 policies across these categories. With all modelled policies included, the upper end of the uncertainty range overlaps with the 2025 INDC target, but the required reductions are not achieved using reference values. Even if all modelled policies are implemented, additional GHG reduction is probably required; we discuss several potential policies. JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Greenblatt, Jeffery B AU - Wei, Max AD - Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-2002, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 1090 EP - 1093 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 12 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Temperature changes KW - Temperature effects KW - Historical account KW - Policies KW - Geographical distribution KW - Mitigation KW - Public policy and climate KW - Climate change KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Agreements KW - Uncertainty KW - USA KW - Greenhouse gases KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1868312654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+climate+commitments+and+additional+mitigation+policies+of+the+United+States&rft.au=Greenblatt%2C+Jeffery+B%3BWei%2C+Max&rft.aulast=Greenblatt&rft.aufirst=Jeffery&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1090&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate3125 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Uncertainty; Mitigation; Geographical distribution; Policies; Climate; Climate change; Agreements; Greenhouse effect; Temperature changes; Public policy and climate; Greenhouse gases; Historical account; Temperature; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3125 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physically based probabilistic seismic hazard analysis using broadband ground motion simulation: a case study for the Prince Islands Fault, Marmara Sea AN - 1861095534; 783669-5 AB - The main motivation for this study was the impending occurrence of a catastrophic earthquake along the Prince Island Fault (PIF) in the Marmara Sea and the disaster risk around the Marmara region, especially in Istanbul. This study provides the results of a physically based probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) methodology, using broadband strong ground motion simulations, for sites within the Marmara region, Turkey, that may be vulnerable to possible large earthquakes throughout the PIF segments in the Marmara Sea. The methodology is called physically based because it depends on the physical processes of earthquake rupture and wave propagation to simulate earthquake ground motion time histories. We included the effects of all considerable-magnitude earthquakes. To generate the high-frequency (0.5-20 Hz) part of the broadband earthquake simulation, real, small-magnitude earthquakes recorded by a local seismic array were used as empirical Green's functions. For the frequencies below 0.5 Hz, the simulations were obtained by using synthetic Green's functions, which are synthetic seismograms calculated by an explicit 2D/3D elastic finite difference wave propagation routine. By using a range of rupture scenarios for all considerable-magnitude earthquakes throughout the PIF segments, we produced a hazard calculation for frequencies of 0.1-20 Hz. The physically based PSHA used here followed the same procedure as conventional PSHA, except that conventional PSHA utilizes point sources or a series of point sources to represent earthquakes, and this approach utilizes the full rupture of earthquakes along faults. Furthermore, conventional PSHA predicts ground motion parameters by using empirical attenuation relationships, whereas this approach calculates synthetic seismograms for all magnitudes of earthquakes to obtain ground motion parameters. PSHA results were produced for 2, 10, and 50 % hazards for all sites studied in the Marmara region. Copyright 2016 The Author(s) JF - Earth, Planets and Space AU - Mert, Aydin AU - Fahjan, Yasin M AU - Hutchings, Lawrence J AU - Pinar, Ali Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 EP - Article 146 PB - Terra Scientific Publishing Company (TERRAPUB), Tokyo VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 1343-8832, 1343-8832 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861095534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth%2C+Planets+and+Space&rft.atitle=Physically+based+probabilistic+seismic+hazard+analysis+using+broadband+ground+motion+simulation%3A+a+case+study+for+the+Prince+Islands+Fault%2C+Marmara+Sea&rft.au=Mert%2C+Aydin%3BFahjan%2C+Yasin+M%3BHutchings%2C+Lawrence+J%3BPinar%2C+Ali&rft.aulast=Mert&rft.aufirst=Aydin&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=5450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.10058 L2 - http://www.terrapub.co.jp/journals/EPS/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40623-016-0520-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geologic carbon sequestration injection wells in overpressured storage reservoirs: estimating area of review AN - 1855073925; PQ0003949655 AB - The Area of Review (AoR) under the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Class VI CO sub(2) injection permit is defined as the region surrounding the geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) project where underground sources of drinking water (USDWs) may be endangered. Estimation of the AoR is based on the calculated reservoir pressurization due to CO sub(2) injection and the associated potential to lift saline water into potable groundwater aquifers through open flow paths (e.g. wells) assuming the system is hydrostatic. In cases where the storage reservoirs are not initially hydrostatic, and in particular where they are overpressured, AoR estimation methods need to be altered. In this paper, we present and apply an approach to evaluating potential endangerment of USDW based on comparing brine leakage through a hypothetical open flow path in a no-injection scenario and brine leakage in a CO sub(2)-injection scenario. We present six possible ways to normalize injection-related leakage relative to no-injection leakage. We calculate leakage using semi-analytical solutions for single-phase flow and model reservoir pressurization and flow up (single) leaky wells located progressively farther from the injection well. For an example case of relative overpressure and using an injection-rate-based approach, results show 5060% larger open-well-leakage rates for wells located at 2 km and 10% increase for wells located at 10 km from the injection well relative to the no-injection case. If total brine leakage is considered, the results depend strongly on the assumed pre-injection to post-injection time frames and on the methods of normalization used to calculate incremental leakage. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Cihan, Abdullah AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Fairweather, Stacey AU - Spangler, Lee H AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 775 EP - 786 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Leakage KW - Injection wells KW - Injection KW - Models KW - Storage KW - Carbon sequestration KW - EPA KW - Carbon KW - Ground water KW - Hydrostatics KW - Water wells KW - Saline water KW - Geology KW - Groundwater KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Drinking water KW - Brines KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855073925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Geologic+carbon+sequestration+injection+wells+in+overpressured+storage+reservoirs%3A+estimating+area+of+review&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BCihan%2C+Abdullah%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BFairweather%2C+Stacey%3BSpangler%2C+Lee+H&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=775&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1607 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Carbon; Leakage; Ground water; Saline water; Drinking water; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Injection; Models; Brines; Storage; EPA; Carbon sequestration; Injection wells; Water wells; Hydrostatics; Geology; Groundwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1607 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - When more is better: how data sharing would accelerate genomic selection of crop plants AN - 1846397028; PQ0003858475 AB - Genomic selection is proving an effective new strategy for increasing breeding efficiency in a wide variety of cereal species - the staple crops that feed the world. A preponderance of studies, reviewed here, has confirmed that the more correlated phenotypic and environmental data that are used to feed genomics-assisted breeding models, the better the prediction accuracies of the models and the more useful the breeding outcomes. We argue that based on these empirical results, new alliances to share data across genomic selection breeding programs are critical to the rapid development and deployment of new crop varieties. JF - New Phytologist AU - Spindel, Jennifer E AU - McCouch, Susan R AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Dr, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA. Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 814 EP - 826 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 212 IS - 4 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Genetics Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Cereals KW - Reviews KW - Plant breeding KW - genomics KW - Environmental factors KW - Phenotypes KW - Crops KW - Models KW - Modelling KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - W 30930:Agricultural Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846397028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=When+more+is+better%3A+how+data+sharing+would+accelerate+genomic+selection+of+crop+plants&rft.au=Spindel%2C+Jennifer+E%3BMcCouch%2C+Susan+R&rft.aulast=Spindel&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=212&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=814&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fnph.14174 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phenotypes; Environmental factors; Modelling; Data processing; Cereals; Reviews; Plant breeding; genomics; Crops; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.14174 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mixed Beam Murine Harderian Gland Tumorigenesis: Predicted Dose-Effect Relationships if neither Synergism nor Antagonism Occurs. AN - 1842601813; 27874325 AB - Complex mixed radiation fields exist in interplanetary space, and little is known about their late effects on space travelers. In silico synergy analysis default predictions are useful when planning relevant mixed-ion-beam experiments and interpreting their results. These predictions are based on individual dose-effect relationships (IDER) for each component of the mixed-ion beam, assuming no synergy or antagonism. For example, a default hypothesis of simple effect additivity has often been used throughout the study of biology. However, for more than a century pharmacologists interested in mixtures of therapeutic drugs have analyzed conceptual, mathematical and practical questions similar to those that arise when analyzing mixed radiation fields, and have shown that simple effect additivity often gives unreasonable predictions when the IDER are curvilinear. Various alternatives to simple effect additivity proposed in radiobiology, pharmacometrics, toxicology and other fields are also known to have important limitations. In this work, we analyze upcoming murine Harderian gland (HG) tumor prevalence mixed-beam experiments, using customized open-source software and published IDER from past single-ion experiments. The upcoming experiments will use acute irradiation and the mixed beam will include components of high atomic number and energy (HZE). We introduce a new alternative to simple effect additivity, "incremental effect additivity", which is more suitable for the HG analysis and perhaps for other end points. We use incremental effect additivity to calculate default predictions for mixture dose-effect relationships, including 95% confidence intervals. We have drawn three main conclusions from this work. 1. It is important to supplement mixed-beam experiments with single-ion experiments, with matching end point(s), shielding and dose timing. 2. For HG tumorigenesis due to a mixed beam, simple effect additivity and incremental effect additivity sometimes give default predictions that are numerically close. However, if nontargeted effects are important and the mixed beam includes a number of different HZE components, simple effect additivity becomes unusable and another method is needed such as incremental effect additivity. 3. Eventually, synergy analysis default predictions of the effects of mixed radiation fields will be replaced by more mechanistic, biophysically-based predictions. However, optimizing synergy analyses is an important first step. If mixed-beam experiments indicate little synergy or antagonism, plans by NASA for further experiments and possible missions beyond low earth orbit will be substantially simplified. JF - Radiation research AU - Siranart, Nopphon AU - Blakely, Eleanor A AU - Cheng, Alden AU - Handa, Naval AU - Sachs, Rainer K AD - a Department of Mathematics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California. ; b Biosciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California. Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 577 EP - 591 VL - 186 IS - 6 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1842601813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Mixed+Beam+Murine+Harderian+Gland+Tumorigenesis%3A+Predicted+Dose-Effect+Relationships+if+neither+Synergism+nor+Antagonism+Occurs.&rft.au=Siranart%2C+Nopphon%3BBlakely%2C+Eleanor+A%3BCheng%2C+Alden%3BHanda%2C+Naval%3BSachs%2C+Rainer+K&rft.aulast=Siranart&rft.aufirst=Nopphon&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=186&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=1938-5404&rft_id=info:doi/10.1667%2FRR14411.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-11-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR14411.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Building energy information systems: synthesis of costs, savings, and best-practice uses AN - 1837299699; PQ0003745562 AB - Building energy information systems (EIS) are a powerful customer-facing monitoring and analytical technology that can enable up to 20 % site energy savings for buildings. Few technologies are as heavily marketed, but in spite of their potential, EIS remain an underadopted emerging technology. One reason is the lack of information on purchase costs and associated energy savings. While insightful, the growing body of individual case studies has not provided industry the information needed to establish the business case for investment. Vastly different energy and economic metrics prevent generalizable conclusions. This paper addresses three common questions concerning EIS use: what are the costs, what have users saved, and which best practices drive deeper savings? We present a large-scale assessment of the value proposition for EIS use based on data from over two-dozen organizations. Participants achieved year-over-year median site and portfolio savings of 17 and 8 %, respectively; they reported that this performance would not have been possible without the EIS. The median 5-year cost of EIS software ownership (up-front and ongoing costs) was calculated to be $1800 per monitoring point (kilowatt meter points were most common), with a median portfolio-wide implementation size of approximately 200 points. In this paper, we present an analysis of the relationship between key implementation factors and achieved energy reductions. Extent of efficiency projects, building energy performance prior to EIS installation, depth of metering, and duration of EIS were strongly correlated with greater savings. We also identify the best practices use of EIS associated with greater energy savings. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Granderson, Jessica AU - Lin, Guanjing AD - Building Technology and Urban Systems Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, jgranderson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 1369 EP - 1384 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Computer programs KW - Case studies KW - Energy KW - Portfolios KW - Economics KW - Energy conservation KW - Buildings KW - Technology KW - Information systems KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837299699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Building+energy+information+systems%3A+synthesis+of+costs%2C+savings%2C+and+best-practice+uses&rft.au=Granderson%2C+Jessica%3BLin%2C+Guanjing&rft.aulast=Granderson&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-016-9428-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; Energy efficiency; Case studies; Energy; Economics; Portfolios; Energy conservation; Buildings; Information systems; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-016-9428-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Degradation of ciprofloxacin by 280 nm ultraviolet-activated persulfate: Degradation pathway and intermediate impact on proteome of Escherichia coli. AN - 1835390879; 27664520 AB - In this study, the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) was explored using ultraviolet activated persulfate (UV/PS) with 280 nm ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs), and the toxicological assessment of degrading intermediates was performed using iTRAQ labeling quantitative proteomic technology. The quantitative mass spectrum results showed that 280 nm UV/PS treatment had a high transformation efficiency of CIP ([CIP] = 3 μM, [S2O82-] = 210 μM, apparent rate constants 0.2413 min-1). The high resolution mass spectrum analyses demonstrated that the primary intermediates included C15H16FN3O3 (m/z 306.1248) and C17H18FN3O4 (m/z 348.1354). The former one was formed by the cleavage of piperazine ring, while the later one was generated by the addition of a hydroxyl on the quinolone backbone. The toxicological assessment demonstrated that 56 and 110 proteins had significant up regulations and down regulations, respectively, in the Escherichia coli exposed to degraded CIP compared to untreated CIP. The majority of up-regulated proteins, such as GapA, SodC, were associated with primary metabolic process rather than responses to stress and toxic substance, inferring that the moderate UV/PS treatment can reduce the antibacterial activity of CIP by incomplete mineralization. Consequently, these results provided a novel insight into the application of UV-LED/PS treatment as a promising removal methodology for quinolones. JF - Chemosphere AU - Ye, Jin-Shao AU - Liu, Juan AU - Ou, Hua-Se AU - Wang, Lin-Lin AD - School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Walnut Creek 94598, CA, USA. ; School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. ; School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. Electronic address: touhuase@jnu.edu.cn. Y1 - 2016/12// PY - 2016 DA - December 2016 SP - 311 EP - 319 VL - 165 KW - Toxicological assessment KW - Water treatment KW - Ultraviolet activated persulfate KW - Proteomics KW - Antibiotics KW - Advanced oxidation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835390879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Degradation+of+ciprofloxacin+by+280%C2%A0nm+ultraviolet-activated+persulfate%3A+Degradation+pathway+and+intermediate+impact+on+proteome+of+Escherichia+coli.&rft.au=Ye%2C+Jin-Shao%3BLiu%2C+Juan%3BOu%2C+Hua-Se%3BWang%2C+Lin-Lin&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Jin-Shao&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=165&rft.issue=&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=1879-1298&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2016.09.031 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical-chemical evaluation of hydraulic fracturing chemicals in the context of produced water treatment. AN - 1821789960; 27591844 AB - Produced water is a significant waste stream that can be treated and reused; however, the removal of production chemicals-such as those added in hydraulic fracturing-must be addressed. One motivation for treating and reusing produced water is that current disposal methods-typically consisting of deep well injection and percolation in infiltration pits-are being limited. Furthermore, oil and gas production often occurs in arid regions where there is demand for new water sources. In this paper, hydraulic fracturing chemical additive data from California are used as a case study where physical-chemical and biodegradation data are summarized and used to screen for appropriate produced water treatment technologies. The data indicate that hydraulic fracturing chemicals are largely treatable; however, data are missing for 24 of the 193 chemical additives identified. More than one-third of organic chemicals have data indicating biodegradability, suggesting biological treatment would be effective. Adsorption-based methods and partitioning of chemicals into oil for subsequent separation is expected to be effective for approximately one-third of chemicals. Volatilization-based treatment methods (e.g. air stripping) will only be effective for approximately 10% of chemicals. Reverse osmosis is a good catch-all with over 70% of organic chemicals expected to be removed efficiently. Other technologies such as electrocoagulation and advanced oxidation are promising but lack demonstration. Chemicals of most concern due to prevalence, toxicity, and lack of data include propargyl alcohol, 2-mercaptoethyl alcohol, tetrakis hydroxymethyl-phosphonium sulfate, thioglycolic acid, 2-bromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, formaldehyde polymers, polymers of acrylic acid, quaternary ammonium compounds, and surfactants (e.g. ethoxylated alcohols). Future studies should examine the fate of hydraulic fracturing chemicals in produced water treatment trains to demonstrate removal and clarify interactions between upstream and downstream processes. JF - Journal of environmental management AU - Camarillo, Mary Kay AU - Domen, Jeremy K AU - Stringfellow, William T AD - Ecological Engineering Research Program, School of Engineering & Computer Science, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA. Electronic address: mcamarillo@pacific.edu. ; Ecological Engineering Research Program, School of Engineering & Computer Science, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA. ; Ecological Engineering Research Program, School of Engineering & Computer Science, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA; Earth & Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2016/12/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Dec 01 SP - 164 EP - 174 VL - 183 KW - Index Medicus KW - Produced water KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Oil and gas production KW - Hydraulic fracturing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1821789960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.atitle=Physical-chemical+evaluation+of+hydraulic+fracturing+chemicals+in+the+context+of+produced+water+treatment.&rft.au=Camarillo%2C+Mary+Kay%3BDomen%2C+Jeremy+K%3BStringfellow%2C+William+T&rft.aulast=Camarillo&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+management&rft.issn=1095-8630&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvman.2016.08.065 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.08.065 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - pH-dependent control of feldspar dissolution rate by altered surface layers AN - 1869032683; 2017-010267 AB - Relevant modeling of mass and energy fluxes involved in pedogenesis, sequestration of atmospheric CO (sub 2) or geochemical cycling of elements partly relies on kinetic rate laws of mineral dissolution obtained in the laboratory. Deriving an accurate and unified description of mineral dissolution has therefore become a prerequisite of crucial importance. However, the impact of amorphous silica-rich surface layers on the dissolution kinetics of silicate minerals remains poorly understood, and ignored in most reactive transport codes. In the present study, the dissolution of oriented cleavage surfaces and powders of labradorite feldspar was investigated as a function of pH and time at 80 degrees C in batch reactors. Electron microscopy observations confirmed the formation of silica-rich surface layers on all samples. At pH = 1.5, the dissolution rate of labradorite remained constant over time. In contrast, at pH = 3, both the dissolution rates at the external layer/solution interface and the internal layer/mineral interface dramatically decreased over time. The dissolution rate at the external interface was hardly measurable after 4 weeks of reaction, and decreased by an order of magnitude at the internal interface. In another set of experiments conducted in aqueous silica-rich solutions, the stabilization of silica-rich surface layers controlled the dissolution rate of labradorite at pH = 3. The reduction of labradorite dissolution rate may result from a gradual modification of the textural properties of the amorphous surface layer at the fluid/mineral interface. The passivation of the main cleavage of labradorite feldspar was consistent with that observed on powders. Overall, our results demonstrate that the nature of the fluid/mineral interface to be considered in the rate limiting step of the process, as well as the properties of the interfacial layer (i.e. its chemical composition, structure and texture) to be taken into account for an accurate determination of the dissolution kinetics may depend on several parameters, such as pH or time. The dramatic impact of the stabilization of surface layers with increasing pH implies that the formation and the role of surface layers on dissolving feldspar minerals should be accounted for in the future. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Wild, Bastien AU - Daval, Damien AU - Guyot, Francois AU - Knauss, Kevin G AU - Pollet-Villard, Marion AU - Imfeld, Gwenael Y1 - 2016/11/28/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 28 SP - 148 EP - 159 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 442 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - silicates KW - mass spectra KW - labradorite KW - reactivity KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - mineral assemblages KW - thermodynamic properties KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - surface properties KW - orientation KW - plagioclase KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - roughness KW - electron microscopy data KW - solubility KW - X-ray spectra KW - weathering KW - geochemical cycle KW - EDS spectra KW - ICP mass spectra KW - mathematical methods KW - crystallization KW - crystal chemistry KW - feldspar group KW - SEM data KW - backscattering KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1869032683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=pH-dependent+control+of+feldspar+dissolution+rate+by+altered+surface+layers&rft.au=Wild%2C+Bastien%3BDaval%2C+Damien%3BGuyot%2C+Francois%3BKnauss%2C+Kevin+G%3BPollet-Villard%2C+Marion%3BImfeld%2C+Gwenael&rft.aulast=Wild&rft.aufirst=Bastien&rft.date=2016-11-28&rft.volume=442&rft.issue=&rft.spage=148&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2016.08.035 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 88 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-17 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - backscattering; biochemistry; crystal chemistry; crystallization; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; geochemical cycle; ICP mass spectra; kinetics; labradorite; mass spectra; mathematical methods; mineral assemblages; orientation; pH; plagioclase; reactivity; roughness; SEM data; silicates; solubility; spectra; statistical analysis; surface properties; thermodynamic properties; weathering; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.08.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Single-particle mapping of nonequilibrium nanocrystal transformations. AN - 1841794997; 27856905 AB - Chemists have developed mechanistic insight into numerous chemical reactions by thoroughly characterizing nonequilibrium species. Although methods to probe these processes are well established for molecules, analogous techniques for understanding intermediate structures in nanomaterials have been lacking. We monitor the shape evolution of individual anisotropic gold nanostructures as they are oxidatively etched in a graphene liquid cell with a controlled redox environment. Short-lived, nonequilibrium nanocrystals are observed, structurally analyzed, and rationalized through Monte Carlo simulations. Understanding these reaction trajectories provides important fundamental insight connecting high-energy nanocrystal morphologies to the development of kinetically stabilized surface features and demonstrates the importance of developing tools capable of probing short-lived nanoscale species at the single-particle level. JF - Science (New York, N.Y.) AU - Ye, Xingchen AU - Jones, Matthew R AU - Frechette, Layne B AU - Chen, Qian AU - Powers, Alexander S AU - Ercius, Peter AU - Dunn, Gabriel AU - Rotskoff, Grant M AU - Nguyen, Son C AU - Adiga, Vivekananda P AU - Zettl, Alex AU - Rabani, Eran AU - Geissler, Phillip L AU - Alivisatos, A Paul AD - Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. alivis@berkeley.edu. Y1 - 2016/11/18/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 18 SP - 874 EP - 877 VL - 354 IS - 6314 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1841794997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Single-particle+mapping+of+nonequilibrium+nanocrystal+transformations.&rft.au=Ye%2C+Xingchen%3BJones%2C+Matthew+R%3BFrechette%2C+Layne+B%3BChen%2C+Qian%3BPowers%2C+Alexander+S%3BErcius%2C+Peter%3BDunn%2C+Gabriel%3BRotskoff%2C+Grant+M%3BNguyen%2C+Son+C%3BAdiga%2C+Vivekananda+P%3BZettl%2C+Alex%3BRabani%2C+Eran%3BGeissler%2C+Phillip+L%3BAlivisatos%2C+A+Paul&rft.aulast=Ye&rft.aufirst=Xingchen&rft.date=2016-11-18&rft.volume=354&rft.issue=6314&rft.spage=874&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=1095-9203&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-11-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Engineering of the Peptoid Nanosheet Hydrophobic Core. AN - 1834993736; 27794618 AB - The relationship between the structure of sequence-defined peptoid polymers and their ability to assemble into well-defined nanostructures is important to the creation of new bioinspired platforms with sophisticated functionality. Here, the hydrophobic N-(2-phenylethyl)glycine (Npe) monomers of the standard nanosheet-forming peptoid sequence were modified in an effort to (1) produce nanosheets from relatively short peptoids, (2) inhibit the aggregation of peptoids in bulk solution, (3) increase nanosheet stability by promoting packing interactions within the hydrophobic core, and (4) produce nanosheets with a nonaromatic hydrophobic core. Fluorescence and optical microscopy of individual nanosheets reveal that certain modifications to the hydrophobic core were well tolerated, whereas others resulted in instability or aggregation or prevented assembly. Importantly, we demonstrate that substitution at the meta and para positions of the Npe aromatic ring are well tolerated, enabling significant opportunities to tune the functional properties of peptoid nanosheets. We also found that N-aryl glycine monomers inhibit nanosheet formation, whereas branched aliphatic monomers have the ability to form nanosheets. An analysis of the crystal structures of several N,N'-disubstituted diketopiperazines (DKPs), a simple model system, revealed that the preferred solid-state packing arrangement of the hydrophobic groups can directly inform the assembly of stable peptoid nanosheets. JF - Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids AU - Robertson, Ellen J AU - Proulx, Caroline AU - Su, Jessica K AU - Garcia, Rita L AU - Yoo, Stan AU - Nehls, Eric M AU - Connolly, Michael D AU - Taravati, Laudann AU - Zuckermann, Ronald N AD - Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2016/11/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 15 SP - 11946 EP - 11957 VL - 32 IS - 45 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1834993736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Langmuir+%3A+the+ACS+journal+of+surfaces+and+colloids&rft.atitle=Molecular+Engineering+of+the+Peptoid+Nanosheet+Hydrophobic+Core.&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Ellen+J%3BProulx%2C+Caroline%3BSu%2C+Jessica+K%3BGarcia%2C+Rita+L%3BYoo%2C+Stan%3BNehls%2C+Eric+M%3BConnolly%2C+Michael+D%3BTaravati%2C+Laudann%3BZuckermann%2C+Ronald+N&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.date=2016-11-15&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=45&rft.spage=11946&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Langmuir+%3A+the+ACS+journal+of+surfaces+and+colloids&rft.issn=1520-5827&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particle size effect and the mechanism of hematite reduction by the outer membrane cytochrome OmcA of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 AN - 1832622151; 783995-10 AB - The cycling of iron at the Earth's near surface is profoundly influenced by dissimilatory metal reducing microorganisms, and many studies have focused on unraveling electron transfer mechanisms between these bacteria and Fe(III)-(oxyhydr)oxides. However, these efforts have been complicated by the fact that these minerals often occur in the micro- to nanosize regime, and in relevant natural environments as well as in the laboratory are subject to aggregation. The nature of the physical interface between the cellular envelope, the outer-membrane cytochromes responsible for facilitating the interfacial electron transfer step, and these complex mineral particulates is thus difficult to probe. Previous studies using whole cells have reported reduction rates that do not correlate with particle size. In the present study we isolate the interaction between the decaheme outer-membrane cytochrome OmcA of Shewanella oneidensis and nanoparticulate hematite, examining the reduction rate as a function of particle size and reaction products through detailed characterization of the electron balance and the structure and valence of iron at particle surfaces. By comparison with abiotic reduction via the smaller molecule ascorbic acid, we show that the reduction rate is systematically controlled by the sterically accessible interfacial contact area between OmcA and hematite in particle aggregates; rates increase once pore throat sizes in aggregates become as large as OmcA. Simultaneous measure of OmcA oxidation against Fe(II) release shows a ratio of 1:10, consistent with a cascade OmcA oxidation mechanism heme by heme. X-ray absorption spectroscopies reveal incipient magnetite on the reacted surfaces of the hematite nanoparticles after reaction. The collective findings establish the importance of accessibility of physical contact between the terminal reductases and iron oxide surfaces, and through apparent consistency of observations help reconcile behavior reported at the larger more complex scale of whole cell studies. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Liu, Juan AU - Pearce, Carolyn I AU - Shi, Liang AU - Wang, Zheming AU - Shi, Zhi AU - Arenholz, Elke AU - Rosso, Kevin M Y1 - 2016/11/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 15 SP - 160 EP - 175 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 193 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832622151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Particle+size+effect+and+the+mechanism+of+hematite+reduction+by+the+outer+membrane+cytochrome+OmcA+of+Shewanella+oneidensis+MR-1&rft.au=Liu%2C+Juan%3BPearce%2C+Carolyn+I%3BShi%2C+Liang%3BWang%2C+Zheming%3BShi%2C+Zhi%3BArenholz%2C+Elke%3BRosso%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2016-11-15&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.08.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.08.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Architecture of Contactin-associated Protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) and Its Interaction with Contactin 2 (CNTN2). AN - 1835503846; 27621318 AB - Contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) is a large multidomain neuronal adhesion molecule implicated in a number of neurological disorders, including epilepsy, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and language delay. We reveal here by electron microscopy that the architecture of CNTNAP2 is composed of a large, medium, and small lobe that flex with respect to each other. Using epitope labeling and fragments, we assign the F58C, L1, and L2 domains to the large lobe, the FBG and L3 domains to the middle lobe, and the L4 domain to the small lobe of the CNTNAP2 molecular envelope. Our data reveal that CNTNAP2 has a very different architecture compared with neurexin 1α, a fellow member of the neurexin superfamily and a prototype, suggesting that CNTNAP2 uses a different strategy to integrate into the synaptic protein network. We show that the ectodomains of CNTNAP2 and contactin 2 (CNTN2) bind directly and specifically, with low nanomolar affinity. We show further that mutations in CNTNAP2 implicated in autism spectrum disorder are not segregated but are distributed over the whole ectodomain. The molecular shape and dimensions of CNTNAP2 place constraints on how CNTNAP2 integrates in the cleft of axo-glial and neuronal contact sites and how it functions as an organizing and adhesive molecule. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Lu, Zhuoyang AU - Reddy, M V V V Sekhar AU - Liu, Jianfang AU - Kalichava, Ana AU - Liu, Jiankang AU - Zhang, Lei AU - Chen, Fang AU - Wang, Yun AU - Holthauzen, Luis Marcelo F AU - White, Mark A AU - Seshadrinathan, Suchithra AU - Zhong, Xiaoying AU - Ren, Gang AU - Rudenko, Gabby AD - From the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720. ; the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. ; the Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China. ; the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. ; the Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics and. ; From the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, gren@lbl.gov. ; the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, garudenk@utmb.edu. Y1 - 2016/11/11/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 11 SP - 24133 EP - 24147 VL - 291 IS - 46 KW - single particle analysis KW - contactin-associated protein like KW - synaptic organizer KW - protein-protein interaction KW - contactin KW - structural biology KW - neuropsychiatric disorders KW - synapse KW - cell adhesion KW - cell surface receptor UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835503846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Molecular+Architecture+of+Contactin-associated+Protein-like+2+%28CNTNAP2%29+and+Its+Interaction+with+Contactin+2+%28CNTN2%29.&rft.au=Lu%2C+Zhuoyang%3BReddy%2C+M+V+V+V+Sekhar%3BLiu%2C+Jianfang%3BKalichava%2C+Ana%3BLiu%2C+Jiankang%3BZhang%2C+Lei%3BChen%2C+Fang%3BWang%2C+Yun%3BHolthauzen%2C+Luis+Marcelo+F%3BWhite%2C+Mark+A%3BSeshadrinathan%2C+Suchithra%3BZhong%2C+Xiaoying%3BRen%2C+Gang%3BRudenko%2C+Gabby&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Zhuoyang&rft.date=2016-11-11&rft.volume=291&rft.issue=46&rft.spage=24133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=1083-351X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - 1IGT; PDB N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Highly Efficient Luminescent Metal-Organic Framework for the Simultaneous Detection and Removal of Heavy Metals from Water. AN - 1835421997; 27736058 AB - We have designed and synthesized an isoreticular series of luminescent metal-organic frameworks (LMOFs) by incorporating a strongly emissive molecular fluorophore and functionally diverse colinkers into Zn-based structures. The three-dimensional porous networks of LMOF-261, -262, and -263 represent a unique/new type of nets, classified as a 2-nodal, (4,4)-c net (mot-e type) with 4-fold, class IIIa interpenetration. All compounds crystallize in a body-centered tetragonal crystal system (space group I41/a). A systematic study has been implemented to analyze their interactions with heavy metals. LMOF-263 exhibits impressive water stability, high porosity, and strong luminescence, making it an excellent candidate as a fluorescent chemical sensor and adsorbent for aqueous contaminants. It is extremely responsive to toxic heavy metals at a parts per billion level (3.3 ppb Hg2+, 19.7 ppb Pb2+) and demonstrates high selectivity for heavy metals over light metals, with detection ratios of 167.4 and 209.5 for Hg2+/Ca2+ and Hg2+/Mg2+, respectively. Mixed-metal adsorption experiments also show that LMOF-263 selectively adsorbs Hg2+ over other heavy metal ions in addition to light metals. The Pb2+ KSV value for LMOF-263 (55,017 M-1) is the highest among LMOFs reported to date, and the Hg2+ KSV value is the second highest (459,446 M-1). LMOF-263 exhibits a maximum adsorption capacity of 380 mg Hg2+/g. The Hg2+ adsorption process follows pseudo-second-order kinetics, removing 99.1% of the metal within 30 min. An in situ XPS study provides insight to help understand the interaction mechanism between Hg2+ and LMOF-263. No other MOFs have demonstrated such a high performance in both the detection and the capture of Hg2+ from aqueous solution. JF - ACS applied materials & interfaces AU - Rudd, Nathan D AU - Wang, Hao AU - Fuentes-Fernandez, Erika M A AU - Teat, Simon J AU - Chen, Feng AU - Hall, Gene AU - Chabal, Yves J AU - Li, Jing AD - Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University , 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas , 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States. ; Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Rider University , 2083 Lawrenceville Road, Lawrenceville, New Jersey 08648, United States. Y1 - 2016/11/09/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 09 SP - 30294 EP - 30303 VL - 8 IS - 44 KW - heavy metal adsorption KW - isoreticular series KW - heavy metal detection KW - luminescent metal−organic framework KW - ligand-based emission UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835421997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+applied+materials+%26+interfaces&rft.atitle=Highly+Efficient+Luminescent+Metal-Organic+Framework+for+the+Simultaneous+Detection+and+Removal+of+Heavy+Metals+from+Water.&rft.au=Rudd%2C+Nathan+D%3BWang%2C+Hao%3BFuentes-Fernandez%2C+Erika+M+A%3BTeat%2C+Simon+J%3BChen%2C+Feng%3BHall%2C+Gene%3BChabal%2C+Yves+J%3BLi%2C+Jing&rft.aulast=Rudd&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2016-11-09&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1025&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fjam.12609 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-10-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tailoring Transition-Metal Hydroxides and Oxides by Photon-Induced Reactions. AN - 1835451529; 27754583 AB - Controlled synthesis of transition-metal hydroxides and oxides with earth-abundant elements have attracted significant interest because of their wide applications, for example as battery electrode materials or electrocatalysts for fuel generation. Here, we report the tuning of the structure of transition-metal hydroxides and oxides by controlling chemical reactions using an unfocused laser to irradiate the precursor solution. A Nd:YAG laser with wavelengths of 532 nm or 1064 nm was used. The Ni2+ , Mn2+ , and Co2+ ion-containing aqueous solution undergoes photo-induced reactions and produces hollow metal-oxide nanospheres (Ni0.18 Mn0.45 Co0.37 Ox ) or core-shell metal hydroxide nanoflowers ([Ni0.15 Mn0.15 Co0.7 (OH)2 ](NO3 )0.2 ⋅H2 O), depending on the laser wavelengths. We propose two reaction pathways, either by photo-induced redox reaction or hydrolysis reaction, which are responsible for the formation of distinct nanostructures. The study of photon-induced materials growth shines light on the rational design of complex nanostructures with advanced functionalities. JF - Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) AU - Niu, Kai-Yang AU - Fang, Liang AU - Ye, Rong AU - Nordlund, Dennis AU - Doeff, Marca M AU - Lin, Feng AU - Zheng, Haimei AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. ; Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA. ; Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA. ; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA. hmzheng@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2016/11/07/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Nov 07 SP - 14272 EP - 14276 VL - 55 IS - 46 KW - transition-metal hydroxides KW - photochemistry KW - reaction pathways KW - vibrational excitation KW - nanostructures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835451529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Angewandte+Chemie+%28International+ed.+in+English%29&rft.atitle=Tailoring+Transition-Metal+Hydroxides+and+Oxides+by+Photon-Induced+Reactions.&rft.au=Niu%2C+Kai-Yang%3BFang%2C+Liang%3BYe%2C+Rong%3BNordlund%2C+Dennis%3BDoeff%2C+Marca+M%3BLin%2C+Feng%3BZheng%2C+Haimei&rft.aulast=Niu&rft.aufirst=Kai-Yang&rft.date=2016-11-07&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=46&rft.spage=14272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Angewandte+Chemie+%28International+ed.+in+English%29&rft.issn=1521-3773&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fanie.201606775 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-10-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201606775 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A practical model for fluid flow in discrete-fracture porous media by using the numerical manifold method AN - 1861114632; 785482-4 AB - In this study, a numerical manifold method (NMM) model is developed to analyze flow in porous media with discrete fractures in a non-conforming mesh. This new model is based on a two-cover-mesh system with a uniform triangular mathematical mesh and boundary/fracture-divided physical covers, where local independent cover functions are defined. The overlapping parts of the physical covers are elements where the global approximation is defined by the weighted average of the physical cover functions. The mesh is generated by a tree-cutting algorithm. A new model that does not introduce additional degrees of freedom (DOF) for fractures was developed for fluid flow in fractures. The fracture surfaces that belong to different physical covers are used to represent fracture flow in the direction of the fractures. In the direction normal to the fractures, the fracture surfaces are regarded as Dirichlet boundaries to exchange fluxes with the rock matrix. Furthermore, fractures that intersect with Dirichlet or Neumann boundaries are considered. Simulation examples are designed to verify the efficiency of the tree-cutting algorithm, the calculation's independency from the mesh orientation, and accuracy when modeling porous media that contain fractures with multiple intersections and different orientations. The simulation results show good agreement with available analytical solutions. Finally, the model is applied to cases that involve nine intersecting fractures and a complex network of 100 fractures, both of which achieve reasonable results. The new model is very practical for modeling flow in fractured porous media, even for a geometrically complex fracture network with large hydraulic conductivity contrasts between fractures and the matrix. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Hu, Mengsu AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Wang, Yuan Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 38 EP - 51 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 97 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861114632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=A+practical+model+for+fluid+flow+in+discrete-fracture+porous+media+by+using+the+numerical+manifold+method&rft.au=Hu%2C+Mengsu%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BWang%2C+Yuan&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Mengsu&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2016.09.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2016.09.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionic Liquids Impact the Bioenergy Feedstock-Degrading Microbiome and Transcription of Enzymes Relevant to Polysaccharide Hydrolysis. AN - 1852688852; 27981239 AB - Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment is a promising approach for the conversion of lignocellulose to biofuels. The toxicity of residual IL, however, negatively impacts the performance of industrial enzymes and microorganisms in hydrolysis and fermentation. In this study, a thermophilic microbial community was cultured on switchgrass amended with various levels of the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate. Changes in the microbial community composition and transcription of genes relevant to IL tolerance and lignocellulose hydrolysis were quantified. Increasing the level of IL to 0.1% (wt) led to increased levels of relative abundance and transcription in organisms of the phylum Firmicutes. Interestingly, IL concentrations of up to 1% (wt) also resulted in greater xylanase transcription and enzyme activity as well as increased transcription of endoglucanase, beta-glucosidase, and IL tolerance genes compared to communities without IL. IL levels above 1% (wt) resulted in decreased enzyme activity and transcription of genes involved in lignocellulose hydrolysis. The results indicate that moderate levels of IL select for thermophilic microorganisms that not only tolerate IL but also effectively hydrolyze lignocellulose from switchgrass. Discovery of IL-tolerant organisms and enzymes is critical for the development of biological processes that convert IL-pretreated biomass to biofuels and chemicals. Employing metatranscriptomic analysis of enrichment cultures can facilitate the discovery of microorganisms and enzymes that may be active in the presence of toxic compounds such as ionic liquids. IMPORTANCE Pretreatment using ionic liquids (IL) is a promising approach for the conversion of lignocellulose to biofuels. Because IL can be inhibitory to enzymes and microorganisms involved in downstream hydrolysis and fermentation steps, discovery of IL-tolerant organisms and enzymes is critical for advancing this technology. Employing metatranscriptomics in the analysis of IL-enriched cultures facilitated tracking of dynamic changes in a complex microbial community at the level of gene transcription and doing so with genome resolution. Specific organisms were discovered that could simultaneously tolerate a moderate IL concentration and transcribe a diverse array of cellulolytic enzymes. Gene sequences of cellulolytic enzymes and efflux pumps from those same organisms were also identified, providing important resources for future research on engineering IL-tolerant organisms and enzymes. JF - mSystems AU - Wu, Yu-Wei AU - Higgins, Brendan AU - Yu, Chaowei AU - Reddy, Amitha P AU - Ceballos, Shannon AU - Joh, Lawrence D AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singer, Steven W AU - VanderGheynst, Jean S AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. ; Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA; Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA. ; Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA; Biological and Materials Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, USA. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA; Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA. PY - 2016 VL - 1 IS - 6 KW - hemicellulase KW - 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate KW - ionic liquid KW - cellulase UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1852688852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=mSystems&rft.atitle=Ionic+Liquids+Impact+the+Bioenergy+Feedstock-Degrading+Microbiome+and+Transcription+of+Enzymes+Relevant+to+Polysaccharide+Hydrolysis.&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Wei%3BHiggins%2C+Brendan%3BYu%2C+Chaowei%3BReddy%2C+Amitha+P%3BCeballos%2C+Shannon%3BJoh%2C+Lawrence+D%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W%3BVanderGheynst%2C+Jean+S&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Wei&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=mSystems&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Need for Integrated Approaches in Metabolic Engineering AN - 1850786125; PQ0003837714 AB - This review highlights state-of-the-art procedures for heterologous small-molecule biosynthesis, the associated bottlenecks, and new strategies that have the potential to accelerate future accomplishments in metabolic engineering. We emphasize that a combination of different approaches over multiple time and size scales must be considered for successful pathway engineering in a heterologous host. We have classified these optimization procedures based on the "system" that is being manipulated: transcriptome, translatome, proteome, or reactome. By bridging multiple disciplines, including molecular biology, biochemistry, biophysics, and computational sciences, we can create an integral framework for the discovery and implementation of novel biosynthetic production routes. JF - Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology AU - Lechner, Anna AU - Brunk, Elizabeth AU - Keasling, Jay D AD - Joint Bioenergy Institute (JBEI), Emeryville, California 94608, jdkeasling@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 PB - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Fulfillment & Distribution Dept. Woodbury NY 11797-2924 United States VL - 8 IS - 11 SN - 1943-0264, 1943-0264 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Gene expression KW - metabolic engineering KW - Computer applications KW - Biophysics KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1850786125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cold+Spring+Harbor+Perspectives+in+Biology&rft.atitle=The+Need+for+Integrated+Approaches+in+Metabolic+Engineering&rft.au=Lechner%2C+Anna%3BBrunk%2C+Elizabeth%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Lechner&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cold+Spring+Harbor+Perspectives+in+Biology&rft.issn=19430264&rft_id=info:doi/10.1101%2Fcshperspect.a023903 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; metabolic engineering; Computer applications; Biophysics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a023903 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of rock frame weakening using time-lapse crosswell; the Frio brine pilot project AN - 1849307860; 2016-110797 AB - CO (sub 2) injection into subsurface reservoirs leads to pressure and saturation changes. Furthermore, CO (sub 2) -brine-minerals interaction could result in dissolution or reprecipitation of rock frame-forming minerals. Observed time-lapse seismic associated with CO (sub 2) injection into poorly consolidated sandstone at the Frio CO (sub 2) injection site (Texas, USA) could not be predicted using classical rock-physics models (i.e., models involving elastic changes in the rock frame due to saturations and/or pressures changes only, and assuming no changes in the rock microstructure). That, and the changes in the fluid chemistry after CO (sub 2) injection, suggests that the assumption of a constant rock microstructure might be violated. Using high-resolution time-lapse crosswell data, we have developed a methodology for estimating changes in the rock frame by quantifying the rock-frame drained moduli before and after CO (sub 2) injection. Based on rock microstructure diagnostics, we found that the changes in the drained frame elastic properties are due to the changes in the grain contact-cement percentage. The reduction in contact-cement percent is found to be variable throughout the reservoir, with a maximum near the injection well, down to 0.01% from the initial 0.1% contact cement; this results in more than 40% reduction in the drained frame shear and bulk moduli. CO (sub 2) saturation was estimated using this model for uniform and patchy saturation cases. Our rock-physics analysis may allow improved interpretation of time-lapse seismic for CO (sub 2) saturation in the context of other poorly consolidated sandstones with similar geomechanical properties. Having the P- and S-wave velocity time-lapse data is key to improve saturation estimates with this analysis method. JF - Geophysics AU - Al Hosni, Mohammed AU - Vialle, Stephanie AU - Gurevich, Boris AU - Daley, Thomas M Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - B235 EP - B245 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 81 IS - 6 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - sandstone KW - elastic waves KW - elastic constants KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - sedimentary rocks KW - time-lapse methods KW - velocity KW - body waves KW - carbon sequestration KW - Frio County Texas KW - crosshole methods KW - geophysical methods KW - Texas KW - bulk modulus KW - seismic methods KW - gas injection KW - physical properties KW - brines KW - seismic waves KW - clastic rocks KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849307860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Self-financed+efficiency+incentives%3A+case+study+of+Mexico&rft.au=Gopal%2C+Anand+R%3BLeventis%2C+Gregory%3BPhadke%2C+Amol%3Bde+la+Rue+du+Can%2C+Stephane&rft.aulast=Gopal&rft.aufirst=Anand&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=865&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-014-9263-9 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; brines; bulk modulus; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; crosshole methods; elastic constants; elastic waves; Frio County Texas; gas injection; geophysical methods; P-waves; physical properties; reservoir rocks; S-waves; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; seismic waves; Texas; time-lapse methods; United States; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0684.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid room temperature solubilization and depolymerization of polymeric lignin at high loadings AN - 1846410992; PQ0003848304 AB - The relatively poor solubility of lignin in most pretreatment solvents remains one of the biggest challenges in lignin valorization to improve overall biorefinery economics. In this work, rapid room temperature solubilization of lignin at high solid loadings (>30 wt%) can be easily achieved in a single step using ethylene glycol (EG). The solubilized lignin can be rapidly and quantitatively recovered with the addition of ethanol. The computational and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic studies confirm that strong hydrogen bond interactions between EG and the free hydroxyl groups present in lignin contribute to the lignin dissolution. In addition, hydrogen peroxide mediated depolymerization of the dissolved lignin at a low temperature (80 degree C) was tested and the effect of EG molecules on depolymerization of lignin was also theoretically studied. The findings of this work provide mechanistic insights of hydrogen bond interactions in high lignin solubilization and valorization. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Sun, Jian AU - Dutta, Tanmoy AU - Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan AU - Kim, Kwang Ho AU - Tolic, Nikola AU - Chu, Rosalie K AU - Isern, Nancy G AU - Cort, John R AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Deconstruction Division; Joint BioEnergy Institute; Emeryville; CA; USA Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 6012 EP - 6020 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 22 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Low temperature KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Economics KW - Green development KW - Solvents KW - Hydrogen KW - NMR KW - Ethanol KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846410992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Rapid+room+temperature+solubilization+and+depolymerization+of+polymeric+lignin+at+high+loadings&rft.au=Sun%2C+Jian%3BDutta%2C+Tanmoy%3BParthasarathi%2C+Ramakrishnan%3BKim%2C+Kwang+Ho%3BTolic%2C+Nikola%3BChu%2C+Rosalie+K%3BIsern%2C+Nancy+G%3BCort%2C+John+R%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=6012&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6gc02258h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Low temperature; Hydrogen peroxide; Green development; Economics; Solvents; NMR; Hydrogen; Ethanol DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc02258h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale chemical assembly of atomically thin transistors and circuits AN - 1846397396; PQ0003843293 AB - Next-generation electronics calls for new materials beyond silicon, aiming at increased functionality, performance and scaling in integrated circuits. In this respect, two-dimensional gapless graphene and semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides have emerged as promising candidates due to their atomic thickness and chemical stability. However, difficulties with precise spatial control during their assembly currently impede actual integration into devices. Here, we report on the large-scale, spatially controlled synthesis of heterostructures made of single-layer semiconducting molybdenum disulfide contacting conductive graphene. Transmission electron microscopy studies reveal that the single-layer molybdenum disulfide nucleates at the graphene edges. We demonstrate that such chemically assembled atomic transistors exhibit high transconductance (10 mu S), on-off ratio (10 super(6)) and mobility (17cm super(2)V super(-1)s super(-1)). The precise site selectivity from atomically thin conducting and semiconducting crystals enables us to exploit these heterostructures to assemble two-dimensional logic circuits, such as an NMOS inverter with high voltage gain (up to 70). JF - Nature Nanotechnology AU - Zhao, Mervin AU - Ye, Yu AU - Han, Yimo AU - Xia, Yang AU - Zhu, Hanyu AU - Wang, Siqi AU - Wang, Yuan AU - Muller, David A AU - Zhang, Xiang AD - NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 954 EP - 959 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 11 IS - 11 SN - 1748-3387, 1748-3387 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Silicon KW - integrated circuits KW - Mobility KW - Molybdenum disulfide KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Crystals KW - Scaling KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846397396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Large-scale+chemical+assembly+of+atomically+thin+transistors+and+circuits&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Mervin%3BYe%2C+Yu%3BHan%2C+Yimo%3BXia%2C+Yang%3BZhu%2C+Hanyu%3BWang%2C+Siqi%3BWang%2C+Yuan%3BMuller%2C+David+A%3BZhang%2C+Xiang&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Mervin&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=954&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Nanotechnology&rft.issn=17483387&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnnano.2016.115 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silicon; integrated circuits; Mobility; Molybdenum disulfide; Transmission electron microscopy; Crystals; Scaling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2016.115 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Negative feedback circuitry between MIR143HG and RBM24 in Hirschsprung disease. AN - 1844350830; 27565737 AB - Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a genetic disorder of neural crest development. It is also believed that epigenetic changes plays a role in the progression of this disease. Here we show that the MIR143 host gene (MIR143HG), the precursor of miR-143 and miR-145, decreased cell proliferation and migration and forms a negative feedback loop with RBM24 in HSCR. As RBM24 mRNA is a target of miR-143, upregulation of RBM24 upon an increase in the level of MIR143HG could be attributed to sequestration of miR-143 by MIR143HG (sponge effect). The RBM24 protein was shown to bind to MIR143HG, and subsequently, accelerated its degradation by destabilizing its transcript and facilitating its interaction with Ago2, thus forming a negative feedback between MIR143HG and RBM24. In addition, experiments using siRNA against DROSHA indicated that RBM24 could promote the biogenesis of miR-143. This feedback loop we describe here represents a novel mode of autoregulation, with implications in HSCR pathogenesis. JF - Biochimica et biophysica acta AU - Du, Chunxia AU - Shen, Ziyang AU - Zang, Rujin AU - Xie, Hua AU - Li, Hongxing AU - Chen, Pingfa AU - Hang, Bo AU - Xu, Xiaoqun AU - Tang, Weibing AU - Xia, Yankai AD - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China. ; Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China. Electronic address: twbcn@163.com. ; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology (Nanjing Medical University), Ministry of Education, China. Electronic address: yankaixia@njmu.edu.cn. Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 2127 EP - 2136 VL - 1862 IS - 11 SN - 0006-3002, 0006-3002 KW - MiR-143 KW - Neuronal development KW - Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) KW - Competing endogenous RNA (CeRNA) KW - Hirschsprung disease UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844350830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.atitle=Negative+feedback+circuitry+between+MIR143HG+and+RBM24+in+Hirschsprung+disease.&rft.au=Du%2C+Chunxia%3BShen%2C+Ziyang%3BZang%2C+Rujin%3BXie%2C+Hua%3BLi%2C+Hongxing%3BChen%2C+Pingfa%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BXu%2C+Xiaoqun%3BTang%2C+Weibing%3BXia%2C+Yankai&rft.aulast=Du&rft.aufirst=Chunxia&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=1862&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochimica+et+biophysica+acta&rft.issn=00063002&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bbadis.2016.08.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.08.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exopolysaccharide microchannels direct bacterial motility and organize multicellular behavior AN - 1837332070; PQ0003779371 AB - The myxobacteria are a family of soil bacteria that form biofilms of complex architecture, aligned multilayered swarms or fruiting body structures that are simple or branched aggregates containing myxospores. Here, we examined the structural role of matrix exopolysaccharide (EPS) in the organization of these surface-dwelling bacterial cells. Using time-lapse light and fluorescence microscopy, as well as transmission electron microscopy and focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) electron microscopy, we found that Myxococcus xanthus cell organization in biofilms is dependent on the formation of EPS microchannels. Cells are highly organized within the three-dimensional structure of EPS microchannels that are required for cell alignment and advancement on surfaces. Mutants lacking EPS showed a lack of cell orientation and poor colony migration. Purified, cell-free EPS retains a channel-like structure, and can complement EPS super(-) mutant motility defects. In addition, EPS provides the cooperative structure for fruiting body formation in both the simple mounds of M. xanthus and the complex, tree-like structures of Chondromyces crocatus. We furthermore investigated the possibility that EPS impacts community structure as a shared resource facilitating cooperative migration among closely related isolates of M. xanthus. JF - ISME Journal AU - Berleman, James E AU - Zemla, Marcin AU - Remis, Jonathan P AU - Liu, Hong AU - Davis, Annie E AU - Worth, Alexandra N AU - West, Zachary AU - Zhang, Angela AU - Park, Hanwool AU - Bosneaga, Elena AU - van Leer, Brandon AU - Tsai, Wenting AU - Zusman, David R AU - Auer, Manfred AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Biology, St Mary's College, Moraga, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 2620 EP - 2632 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 10 IS - 11 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Myxospores KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Chondromyces KW - Migration KW - exopolysaccharides KW - Mutants KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Colonies KW - Myxococcus xanthus KW - Cooperatives KW - Cell migration KW - Biofilms KW - Mounds KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Myxobacteria KW - Fruit bodies KW - Motility KW - Community structure KW - Microscopy KW - Fluorescence microscopy KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837332070?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Exopolysaccharide+microchannels+direct+bacterial+motility+and+organize+multicellular+behavior&rft.au=Berleman%2C+James+E%3BZemla%2C+Marcin%3BRemis%2C+Jonathan+P%3BLiu%2C+Hong%3BDavis%2C+Annie+E%3BWorth%2C+Alexandra+N%3BWest%2C+Zachary%3BZhang%2C+Angela%3BPark%2C+Hanwool%3BBosneaga%2C+Elena%3Bvan+Leer%2C+Brandon%3BTsai%2C+Wenting%3BZusman%2C+David+R%3BAuer%2C+Manfred&rft.aulast=Berleman&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2620&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2016.60 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scanning electron microscopy; Myxospores; Fruit bodies; Transmission electron microscopy; exopolysaccharides; Migration; Soil microorganisms; Motility; Colonies; Community structure; Biofilms; Cell migration; Mounds; Microscopy; Cooperatives; Fluorescence microscopy; Mutants; Myxobacteria; Myxococcus xanthus; Chondromyces DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2016.60 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial source tracking in impaired watersheds using PhyloChip and machine-learning classification AN - 1837315000; PQ0003747543 AB - Sources of fecal indicator bacteria are difficult to identify in watersheds that are impacted by a variety of non-point sources. We developed a molecular source tracking test using the PhyloChip microarray that detects and distinguishes fecal bacteria from humans, birds, ruminants, horses, pigs and dogs with a single test. The multiplexed assay targets 9001 different 25-mer fragments of 16S rRNA genes that are common to the bacterial community of each source type. Both random forests and SourceTracker were tested as discrimination tools, with SourceTracker classification producing superior specificity and sensitivity for all source types. Validation with 12 different mammalian sources in mixtures found 100% correct identification of the dominant source and 84-100% specificity. The test was applied to identify sources of fecal indicator bacteria in the Russian River watershed in California. We found widespread contamination by human sources during the wet season proximal to settlements with antiquated septic infrastructure and during the dry season at beaches during intense recreational activity. The test was more sensitive than common fecal indicator tests that failed to identify potential risks at these sites. Conversely, upstream beaches and numerous creeks with less reliance on onsite wastewater treatment contained no fecal signal from humans or other animals; however these waters did contain high counts of fecal indicator bacteria after rain. Microbial community analysis revealed that increased E. coli and enterococci at these locations did not co-occur with common fecal bacteria, but rather co-varied with copiotrophic bacteria that are common in freshwaters with high nutrient and carbon loading, suggesting runoff likely promoted the growth of environmental strains of E. coli and enterococci. These results indicate that machine-learning classification of PhyloChip microarray data can outperform conventional single marker tests that are used to assess health risks, and is an effective tool for distinguishing numerous fecal and environmental sources of pathogen indicators. JF - Water Research AU - Dubinsky, Eric A AU - Butkus, Steven R AU - Andersen, Gary L AD - Ecology Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 56 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 105 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Microbial source tracking KW - PhyloChip microarray KW - Machine learning KW - Fecal indicator bacteria KW - Pathogen TMDL KW - Microbial community analysis KW - Ruminantia KW - Contamination KW - Indicators KW - Forests KW - Nutrients KW - Microbial contamination KW - Watersheds KW - Classification KW - INE, USA, California KW - Escherichia coli KW - Biological pollutants KW - Rivers KW - Pathogenic bacteria KW - Freshwater environments KW - Microorganisms KW - Birds KW - Runoff KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Specificity KW - Nutrient loading KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Environmental factors KW - Infrastructure KW - Growth KW - Carbon KW - Upstream KW - Bacteria KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Beaches KW - Data processing KW - Pathogens KW - Tracking KW - Rain KW - rRNA 16S KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837315000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Microbial+source+tracking+in+impaired+watersheds+using+PhyloChip+and+machine-learning+classification&rft.au=Dubinsky%2C+Eric+A%3BButkus%2C+Steven+R%3BAndersen%2C+Gary+L&rft.aulast=Dubinsky&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.watres.2016.08.035 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth; Specificity; Pathogenic bacteria; Classification; Biological pollutants; Microbial contamination; Watersheds; Environmental factors; Tracking; Rivers; Beaches; Data processing; Contamination; Freshwater environments; Forests; Nutrients; Pathogens; Wastewater treatment; Carbon; Rain; rRNA 16S; Runoff; Bacteria; Pollution monitoring; Fecal coliforms; Nutrient loading; Infrastructure; Upstream; Escherichia coli; Microorganisms; Indicators; Birds; Ruminantia; INE, USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What are the effects of Agro-Ecological Zones and land use region boundaries on land resource projection using the Global Change Assessment Model? AN - 1837313555; PQ0003736034 AB - Understanding potential impacts of climate change is complicated by spatially mismatched land representations between gridded datasets and models, and land use models with larger regions defined by geopolitical and/or biophysical criteria. Here we quantify the sensitivity of Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) outputs to the delineation of Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZs), which are normally based on historical (1961-1990) climate. We reconstruct GCAM's land regions using projected (2071-2100) climate, and find large differences in estimated future land use that correspond with differences in agricultural commodity prices and production volumes. Importantly, historically delineated AEZs experience spatially heterogeneous climate impacts over time, and do not necessarily provide more homogenous initial land productivity than projected AEZs. We conclude that non-climatic criteria for land use region delineation are likely preferable for modeling land use change in the context of climate change, and that uncertainty associated with land delineation needs to be quantified. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Di Vittorio, Alan V AU - Kyle, Page AU - Collins, William D AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Climate and Ecosystems Sciences Division, One Cyclotron Road, MS 74R316C, Berkeley, CA 94720-8268, USA Y1 - 2016/11// PY - 2016 DA - November 2016 SP - 246 EP - 265 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 85 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - AEZ KW - Agro-ecological zone KW - Climate change KW - GCAM KW - Integrated assessment model KW - Land use KW - Scale KW - Land Use KW - Historical account KW - Resource management KW - Environmental factors KW - Land Resources KW - Computer programs KW - Modelling KW - Sensitivity KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Environmental impact KW - Boundaries KW - Productivity KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837313555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=What+are+the+effects+of+Agro-Ecological+Zones+and+land+use+region+boundaries+on+land+resource+projection+using+the+Global+Change+Assessment+Model%3F&rft.au=Di+Vittorio%2C+Alan+V%3BKyle%2C+Page%3BCollins%2C+William+D&rft.aulast=Di+Vittorio&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2016.08.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Climate change; Climate; Environmental factors; Land use; Modelling; Computer programs; Sensitivity; Historical account; Environmental impact; Land Resources; Land Use; Climates; Boundaries; Productivity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.08.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disposal of iron by a mutant form of lipocalin 2. AN - 1835003885; 27796299 AB - Iron overload damages many organs. Unfortunately, therapeutic iron chelators also have undesired toxicity and may deliver iron to microbes. Here we show that a mutant form (K3Cys) of endogenous lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is filtered by the kidney but can bypass sites of megalin-dependent recapture, resulting in urinary excretion. Because K3Cys maintains recognition of its cognate ligand, the iron siderophore enterochelin, this protein can capture and transport iron even in the acidic conditions of urine. Mutant LCN2 strips iron from transferrin and citrate, and delivers it into the urine. In addition, it removes iron from iron overloaded mice, including models of acquired (iron-dextran or stored red blood cells) and primary (Hfe-/-) iron overload. In each case, the mutants reduce redox activity typical of non-transferrin-bound iron. In summary, we present a non-toxic strategy for iron chelation and urinary elimination, based on manipulating an endogenous protein:siderophore:iron clearance pathway. JF - Nature communications AU - Barasch, Jonathan AU - Hollmen, Maria AU - Deng, Rong AU - Hod, Eldad A AU - Rupert, Peter B AU - Abergel, Rebecca J AU - Allred, Benjamin E AU - Xu, Katherine AU - Darrah, Shaun F AU - Tekabe, Yared AU - Perlstein, Alan AU - Wax, Rebecca AU - Bruck, Efrat AU - Stauber, Jacob AU - Corbin, Kaitlyn A AU - Buchen, Charles AU - Slavkovich, Vesna AU - Graziano, Joseph AU - Spitalnik, Steven L AU - Bao, Guanhu AU - Strong, Roland K AU - Qiu, Andong AD - Columbia University, Russ Berrie Medical Science Pavilion, 1150 Saint Nicholas Avenue, Rm 411, New York, New York 10032, USA. ; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Basic Sciences Division, University of Washington School of Medicine Biochemistry, Immunology, Mail Stop A3-025, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, BioActinide Chemistry Group, MS 70A-1150, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China. Y1 - 2016/10/31/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 31 SP - 12973 VL - 7 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835003885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=Disposal+of+iron+by+a+mutant+form+of+lipocalin+2.&rft.au=Barasch%2C+Jonathan%3BHollmen%2C+Maria%3BDeng%2C+Rong%3BHod%2C+Eldad+A%3BRupert%2C+Peter+B%3BAbergel%2C+Rebecca+J%3BAllred%2C+Benjamin+E%3BXu%2C+Katherine%3BDarrah%2C+Shaun+F%3BTekabe%2C+Yared%3BPerlstein%2C+Alan%3BWax%2C+Rebecca%3BBruck%2C+Efrat%3BStauber%2C+Jacob%3BCorbin%2C+Kaitlyn+A%3BBuchen%2C+Charles%3BSlavkovich%2C+Vesna%3BGraziano%2C+Joseph%3BSpitalnik%2C+Steven+L%3BBao%2C+Guanhu%3BStrong%2C+Roland+K%3BQiu%2C+Andong&rft.aulast=Barasch&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2016-10-31&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=12973&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms12973 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-10-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-28 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: BMC Nephrol. 2013 Mar 25;14:70 [23531037] J Am Chem Soc. 2006 Aug 30;128(34):10998-9 [16925397] Gen Pharmacol. 1978;9(2):123-7 [149036] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42 [10592235] Blood. 2005 Nov 1;106(9):3242-50 [16020512] J Mol Med (Berl). 2006 May;84(5):349-64 [16604332] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Oct 23;98(22):12491-6 [11606717] J Biol Chem. 1989 Mar 15;264(8):4417-22 [2466835] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Aug 14;215(2):393-402 [4926450] Cell Mol Life Sci. 2005 Nov;62(22):2560-75 [16261254] Anal Biochem. 1996 Jun 1;237(2):260-73 [8660575] Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2007 May;6(3):235-9 [17480173] FEBS Lett. 2005 Jan 31;579(3):773-7 [15670845] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2002 Apr;3(4):256-66 [11994745] Blood. 2010 May 27;115(21):4284-92 [20299509] Am J Physiol. 1996 Jul;271(1 Pt 2):F50-61 [8760243] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2006 Jan;62(Pt 1):48-57 [16369093] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Jul;1790(7):694-701 [18992790] J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012 Jan 17;59(3):246-55 [22240130] J Biol Chem. 2012 Jan 2;287(1):159-69 [22084236] Biometals. 1996 Apr;9(2):177-83 [8744900] Gastroenterology. 2004 Nov;127(5 Suppl 1):S79-86 [15508107] J Clin Invest. 2005 Mar;115(3):610-21 [15711640] Structure. 2005 Jan;13(1):29-41 [15642259] N Engl J Med. 1998 Aug 13;339(7):468-9 [9700182] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1964 Oct 7;119:758-68 [14219455] J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Aug;20(8):1687-92 [19628667] Blood. 2004 Jul 1;104(1):34-9 [14988152] Blood. 2000 May 1;95(9):2975-82 [10779448] Nucleic Acids Res. 2007 Jul;35(Web Server issue):W375-83 [17452350] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Dec 5;103(49):18499-503 [17132740] N Engl J Med. 1999 Dec 23;341(26):1986-95 [10607817] Eur Radiol. 2007 Dec;17(12):3025-30 [17549485] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2001 Jan;57(Pt 1):122-33 [11134934] Can Med Assoc J. 1984 Oct 15;131(8):895-901 [6593112] FASEB J. 2003 Feb;17(2):247-9 [12475886] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 1997 May 1;53(Pt 3):240-55 [15299926] J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998 Oct;9(10):1767-76 [9773777] Mol Cell. 2002 Nov;10 (5):1033-43 [12453412] RSC Adv. 2015 Jan 1;5(36):28527-28535 [26257890] Ann Intern Med. 1987 Nov;107(5):678-80 [3662280] N Engl J Med. 1985 Jan 17;312(3):159-63 [2981404] Nat Rev Nephrol. 2013 Jul;9(7):385-98 [23670084] Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1995 Nov;55(7):577-88 [8633182] Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 Jan;7(1):50-8 [19918260] J Cell Biol. 1999 Mar 8;144(5):1057-67 [10085301] Nat Chem Biol. 2010 Aug;6(8):602-9 [20581821] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Oct 31;103(44):16502-7 [17060628] Nature. 2004 Dec 16;432(7019):917-21 [15531878] Kidney Int. 2013 Oct;84(4):756-66 [23615502] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 1994 Sep 1;50(Pt 5):760-3 [15299374] Blood. 2009 Oct 22;114(17 ):3642-51 [19700664] J Biol Chem. 1978 Mar 25;253(6):1930-7 [204636] Biochem J. 1993 May 1;291 ( Pt 3):901-5 [7683877] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Dec;60(Pt 12 Pt 1):2126-32 [15572765] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84(7):1769-73 [3470756] Dev Cell. 2009 Jan;16(1):35-46 [19154717] N Engl J Med. 1986 Apr 3;314(14):869-73 [3485251] Am J Physiol. 1992 Oct;263(4 Pt 2):F637-41 [1384359] Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Aug 1;11(15):5390-5 [16061852] Kidney Int. 2005 Feb;67(2):691-7 [15673318] Am J Transplant. 2016 Mar;16(3):808-20 [26595644] N Engl J Med. 2008 Jan 17;358(3):221-30 [18199861] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Jan;66(Pt 1):22-5 [20057045] Methods Enzymol. 1990;186:1-85 [2172697] Conflict of Interest: J.B. and A.Q. declare patent applications with Columbia University for the use of LCN2 (Scn or NGAL). R.K.S., P.B.R. and R.J.A. declare patent applications with Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center for the use of Scn (NGAL). All the other authors declare no competing financial interest. N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-28 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12973 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How Do Radionuclides Accumulate in Marine Organisms? A Case Study of Europium with Aplysina cavernicola. AN - 1835363918; 27588898 AB - In the ocean, complex interactions between natural and anthropogenic radionuclides, seawater, and diverse marine biota provide a unique window through which to examine ecosystem and trophic transfer mechanisms in cases of accidental dissemination. The nature of interaction between radionuclides, the marine environment, and marine species is therefore essential for better understanding transfer mechanisms from the hydrosphere to the biosphere. Although data pertaining to the rate of global transfer are often available, little is known regarding the mechanism of environmental transport and uptake of heavy radionuclides by marine species. Among marine species, sponges are immobile active filter feeders and have been identified as hyperaccumulators of several heavy metals. We have selected the Mediterranean sponge Aplysina cavernicola as a model species for this study. Actinide elements are not the only source of radioactive release in cases of civilian nuclear events; however, their physicochemical transfer mechanisms to marine species remain largely unknown. We have targeted europium(III) as a representative of the trivalent actinides such as americium or curium. To unravel biological uptake mechanisms of europium in A. cavernicola, we have combined radiometric (γ) measurements with spectroscopic (time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, TRLIFS, and X-ray absorption near-edge structure, XANES) and imaging (transmission electron microscopy, TEM, and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, STXM) techniques. We have observed that the colloids of NaEu(CO3)2·nH2O formed in seawater are taken up by A. cavernicola with no evidence that lethal dose has been reached in our working conditions. Spectroscopic results suggest that there is no change of speciation during uptake. Finally, TEM and STXM images recorded at different locations across a sponge cross section, together with differential cell separation, indicate the presence of europium particles (around 200 nm) mainly located in the skeleton and toward the outer surface of the sponge. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Maloubier, Melody AU - Shuh, David K AU - Minasian, Stefan G AU - Pacold, Joseph I AU - Solari, Pier-Lorenzo AU - Michel, Hervé AU - Oberhaensli, François R AU - Bottein, Yasmine AU - Monfort, Marguerite AU - Moulin, Christophe AU - Den Auwer, Christophe AD - Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique , 06108 Nice, France. ; Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; Synchrotron Soleil , L'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France. ; Monaco Environment Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency , 4 Quai Antoine Ier, 98000, Monaco. ; Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique, Direction des Applications Militaires, DIF , F-91297 Arpajon, France. Y1 - 2016/10/04/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 04 SP - 10730 EP - 10738 VL - 50 IS - 19 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835363918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=How+Do+Radionuclides+Accumulate+in+Marine+Organisms%3F+A+Case+Study+of+Europium+with+Aplysina+cavernicola.&rft.au=Maloubier%2C+Melody%3BShuh%2C+David+K%3BMinasian%2C+Stefan+G%3BPacold%2C+Joseph+I%3BSolari%2C+Pier-Lorenzo%3BMichel%2C+Herv%C3%A9%3BOberhaensli%2C+Fran%C3%A7ois+R%3BBottein%2C+Yasmine%3BMonfort%2C+Marguerite%3BMoulin%2C+Christophe%3BDen+Auwer%2C+Christophe&rft.aulast=Maloubier&rft.aufirst=Melody&rft.date=2016-10-04&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=10730&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Se Isotopes as Groundwater Redox Indicators: Detecting Natural Attenuation of Se at an in Situ Recovery U Mine. AN - 1835356638; 27547844 AB - One of the major ecological concerns associated with the in situ recovery (ISR) of uranium (U) is the environmental release of soluble, toxic selenium (Se) oxyanions generated by mining. Post-mining natural attenuation by the residual reductants in the ore body and reduced down-gradient sediments should mitigate the risk of Se contamination in groundwater. In this work, we investigate the Se concentrations and Se isotope systematics of groundwater and of U ore bearing sediments from an ISR site at Rosita, TX, USA. Our results show that selenate (Se(VI)) is the dominant Se species in Rosita groundwater, and while several up-gradient wells have elevated Se(VI), the majority of the ore zone and down-gradient wells have little or no Se oxyanions. In addition, the δ82SeVI of Rosita groundwater is generally elevated relative to the U ore up to +6.14‰, with the most enriched values observed in the ore-zone wells. Increasing δ82Se with decreasing Se(VI) conforms to a Rayleigh type distillation model with an ε of -2.25‰ ± 0.61‰, suggesting natural Se(VI) reduction occurring along the hydraulic gradient at the Rosita ISR site. Furthermore, our results show that Se isotopes are excellent sensors for detecting and monitoring post-mining natural attenuation of Se oxyanions at ISR sites. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Basu, Anirban AU - Schilling, Kathrin AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Johnson, Thomas M AU - Christensen, John N AU - Hartmann, Matt AU - Reimus, Paul W AU - Heikoop, Jeffrey M AU - Woldegabriel, Giday AU - DePaolo, Donald J AD - Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California , 307 McCone Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California , 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; Department of Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 605 East Springfield Avenue, Champaign, Illinois 61820, United States. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; Uranium Resources, Inc. , 6950 South Potomac Street, Suite 300, Centennial, Colorado 80112, United States. ; Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States. Y1 - 2016/10/04/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 04 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1835356638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Se+Isotopes+as+Groundwater+Redox+Indicators%3A+Detecting+Natural+Attenuation+of+Se+at+an+in+Situ+Recovery+U+Mine.&rft.au=Basu%2C+Anirban%3BSchilling%2C+Kathrin%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BJohnson%2C+Thomas+M%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BHartmann%2C+Matt%3BReimus%2C+Paul+W%3BHeikoop%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BWoldegabriel%2C+Giday%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Basu&rft.aufirst=Anirban&rft.date=2016-10-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Closure of Fracture Due to Cover Stress Re-establishment After Coal Mining AN - 1861081711; 783622-17 AB - In situ measurements of deformations, stresses, and closure of fractures, affecting water inflow following coal mining, are challenging due to the inaccessibility of fractured rock. In this paper, the authors studied the closure process of the fractured rock mass with the cover stress re-establishment based on a theoretical analysis and a scale model testing. A quantitative analysis is used to study the fracture distribution in the fractured zone. A function to describe a fracture aperture distribution in the fractured zone is proposed, which takes into account the curvature and thickness of the fractured rock. The theoretical analysis and a scale model testing both indicate that the cover stress re-establishment with mining distance increasing and the relationship between the fracture closure and cover stress re-establishment both satisfy a logarithmic function. The scale model test also shows the following features: (1) the fracture ratio (which is the fracture area divided by the total area of fracture and intact rock with a unit width in the vertical or horizontal direction) in the lower part of the fractured rock mass is greater than that in the upper part; (2) the initially fast decreased of fracture ratios is then followed by a slower decrease during the cover stress re-establishment process; (3) in the upper part of the rock mass, the vertical directional fractures with small apertures are being closed with cover stress re-establishment, which indicates an increase in the water resistance reducing the seepage from these parts of the fractured zone. This study improves the general understanding of the fracture closure process and cover stress re-establishment in the fractured rock mass after coal mining ceased, and provides a theoretical basis for water resource protection in case of underground coal mining. Copyright 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Geotechnical and Geological Engineering AU - Wang, Wenxue AU - Jiang, Tong AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Wang, Zhongfu AU - Hu, Wei AU - Zhao, Qingjie Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 1525 EP - 1537 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0960-3182, 0960-3182 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861081711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotechnical+and+Geological+Engineering&rft.atitle=Closure+of+Fracture+Due+to+Cover+Stress+Re-establishment+After+Coal+Mining&rft.au=Wang%2C+Wenxue%3BJiang%2C+Tong%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BWang%2C+Zhongfu%3BHu%2C+Wei%3BZhao%2C+Qingjie&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Wenxue&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotechnical+and+Geological+Engineering&rft.issn=09603182&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10706-016-0059-x L2 - http://link.springer.com/journal/10706 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10706-016-0059-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Land-atmosphere coupling and climate prediction over the U.S. Southern Great Plains AN - 1850781521; PQ0003921058 AB - Biases in land-atmosphere coupling in climate models can contribute to climate prediction biases, but land models are rarely evaluated in the context of this coupling. We tested land-atmosphere coupling and explored effects of land surface parameterizations on climate prediction in a single-column version of the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Earth System Model (CESM1.2.2) and an off-line Community Land Model (CLM4.5). The correlation between leaf area index (LAI) and surface evaporative fraction (ratio of latent to total turbulent heat flux) was substantially underpredicted compared to observations in the U.S. Southern Great Plains, while the correlation between soil moisture and evaporative fraction was overpredicted by CLM4.5. To estimate the impacts of these errors on climate prediction, we modified CLM4.5 by prescribing observed LAI, increasing soil resistance to evaporation, increasing minimum stomatal conductance, and increasing leaf reflectance. The modifications improved the predicted soil moisture-evaporative fraction (EF) and LAI-EF correlations in off-line CLM4.5 and reduced the root-mean-square error in summer 2 m air temperature and precipitation in the coupled model. The modifications had the largest effect on prediction during a drought in summer 2006, when a warm bias in daytime 2 m air temperature was reduced from +6 degree C to a smaller cold bias of -1.3 degree C, and a corresponding dry bias in precipitation was reduced from -111 mm to -23 mm. The role of vegetation in droughts and heat waves is underpredicted in CESM1.2.2, and improvements in land surface models can improve prediction of climate extremes. Key Points * Surface energy partitioning is too strongly correlated with soil moisture in CESM1.2.2 * Surface energy partitioning is too weakly dependent on vegetation state compared to observations * Improving the terrestrial segment of land-atmosphere coupling improved summer climate prediction JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Williams, Ian N AU - Lu, Yaqiong AU - Kueppers, Lara M AU - Riley, William J AU - Biraud, Sebastien C AU - Bagley, Justin E AU - Torn, Margaret S AD - Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 12 EP - 12,144 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 20 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Reflectance KW - Evaporation KW - Climate prediction KW - Turbulent heat flux KW - Summer climate KW - Correlations KW - Soil Water KW - Drought KW - Air temperature KW - Climate and vegetation KW - Soils KW - Climatology KW - Droughts KW - Modelling KW - Abiotic factors KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Climate models KW - Air Temperature KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Leaves KW - Vegetation KW - Precipitation KW - Energy KW - Moisture Content KW - Heat waves KW - Soil moisture KW - Land-atmosphere interaction KW - Future climates KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1850781521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Land-atmosphere+coupling+and+climate+prediction+over+the+U.S.+Southern+Great+Plains&rft.au=Williams%2C+Ian+N%3BLu%2C+Yaqiong%3BKueppers%2C+Lara+M%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BBiraud%2C+Sebastien+C%3BBagley%2C+Justin+E%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016JD025223 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Climate prediction; Climate; Soils; Leaves; Droughts; Air temperature; Abiotic factors; Modelling; Reflectance; Climate models; Evaporation; Turbulent heat flux; Correlations; Summer climate; Precipitation; Drought; Climate and vegetation; Climatology; Heat waves; Land-atmosphere interaction; Soil moisture; Future climates; Air Temperature; Energy; Climates; Vegetation; Moisture Content; Soil Water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025223 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraining the sulfur dioxide degassing flux from Turrialba Volcano, Costa Rica using unmanned aerial system measurements AN - 1840615502; 2016-098878 AB - Observed sulfur dioxide (SO (sub 2) ) mixing ratios onboard unmanned aerial systems (UAS) during March 11-13, 2013 are used to constrain the three-day averaged SO (sub 2) degassing flux from Turrialba volcano within a Bayesian inverse modeling framework. A mesoscale model coupled with Lagrangian stochastic particle backward trajectories is used to quantify the source-receptor relationships at very high spatial resolutions (i.e., < 1 km). The model shows better performance in reproducing the near-surface meteorological properties and observed SO (sub 2) variations when using a first-order closure non-local planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme. The optimized SO (sub 2) degassing fluxes vary from 0.59 + or - 0.37 to 0.83 + or - 0.33 kt d (super -1) depending on the PBL scheme used. These fluxes are in good agreement with ground-based gas flux measurements, and correspond to corrective scale factors of 8-12 to the posteruptive SO (sub 2) degassing rate in the AeroCom emission inventory. The maximum a posteriori solution for the SO (sub 2) flux is highly sensitive to the specification of prior and observational errors, and relatively insensitive to the SO (sub 2) loss term and temporal averaging of observations. Our results indicate relatively low degassing activity but sustained sulfur emissions from Turrialba volcano to the troposphere during March 2013. This study demonstrates the utility of low-cost small UAS platforms for volcanic gas composition and flux analysis. JF - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research AU - Xi, Xin AU - Johnson, Matthew S AU - Jeong, Seongeun AU - Fladeland, Matthew AU - Pieri, David AU - Diaz, Jorge Andres AU - Bland, Geoffrey L Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 110 EP - 118 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 325 SN - 0377-0273, 0377-0273 KW - sulfur dioxide KW - Turrialba KW - Costa Rica KW - trajectories KW - atmosphere KW - troposphere KW - measurement KW - gases KW - models KW - unmanned aerial systems KW - errors KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - mixing KW - eruptions KW - geochemical methods KW - volcanoes KW - sulfur KW - Central America KW - boundary layer KW - airborne methods KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840615502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.atitle=Constraining+the+sulfur+dioxide+degassing+flux+from+Turrialba+Volcano%2C+Costa+Rica+using+unmanned+aerial+system+measurements&rft.au=Xi%2C+Xin%3BJohnson%2C+Matthew+S%3BJeong%2C+Seongeun%3BFladeland%2C+Matthew%3BPieri%2C+David%3BDiaz%2C+Jorge+Andres%3BBland%2C+Geoffrey+L&rft.aulast=Xi&rft.aufirst=Xin&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=325&rft.issue=&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.issn=03770273&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jvolgeores.2016.06.023 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03770273 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - JVGRDQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; atmosphere; boundary layer; Central America; Costa Rica; errors; eruptions; gases; geochemical methods; measurement; mixing; models; sensitivity analysis; sulfur; sulfur dioxide; trajectories; transport; troposphere; Turrialba; unmanned aerial systems; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.06.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does crystallographic anisotropy prevent the conventional treatment of aqueous mineral reactivity? A case study based on K-feldspar dissolution kinetics AN - 1840615412; 2016-094241 AB - Which conceptual framework should be preferred to develop mineral dissolution rate laws, and how the aqueous mineral reactivity should be measured? For over 30 years, the classical strategy to model solid dissolution over large space and time scales has relied on so-called kinetic rate laws derived from powder dissolution experiments. In the present study, we provide detailed investigations of the dissolution kinetics of K-feldspar as a function of surface orientation and chemical affinity which question the commonplace belief that elementary mechanisms and resulting rate laws can be retrieved from conventional powder dissolution experiments. Nanometer-scale surface measurements evidenced that K-feldspar dissolution is an anisotropic process, where the face-specific dissolution rate satisfactorily agrees with the periodic bond chain (PBC) theory. The chemical affinity of the reaction was shown to impact differently the various faces of a single crystal, controlling the spontaneous nucleation of etch pits which, in turn, drive the dissolution process. These results were used to develop a simple numerical model which revealed that single crystal dissolution rates vary with reaction progress. Overall, these results cast doubt on the conventional protocol which is used to measure mineral dissolution rates and develop kinetic rate laws, because mineral reactivity is intimately related to the morphology of dissolving crystals, which remains totally uncontrolled in powder dissolution experiments. Beyond offering an interpretive framework to understand the large discrepancies consistently reported between sources and across space scales, the recognition of the anisotropy of crystal reactivity challenges the classical approach for modeling dissolution and weathering, and may be drawn upon to develop alternative treatments of aqueous mineral reactivity. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Pollet-Villard, Marion AU - Daval, Damien AU - Ackerer, Philippe AU - Saldi, Giuseppe D AU - Wild, Bastien AU - Knauss, Kevin G AU - Fritz, Bertrand Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 294 EP - 308 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 190 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - anisotropic materials KW - K-feldspar KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - buffers KW - mass spectra KW - aqueous solutions KW - reactivity KW - major elements KW - alkali feldspar KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - orientation KW - experimental studies KW - free energy KW - electron microscopy data KW - solubility KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - case studies KW - orthoclase KW - crystallization KW - crystal chemistry KW - feldspar group KW - SEM data KW - backscattering KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840615412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Does+crystallographic+anisotropy+prevent+the+conventional+treatment+of+aqueous+mineral+reactivity%3F+A+case+study+based+on+K-feldspar+dissolution+kinetics&rft.au=Pollet-Villard%2C+Marion%3BDaval%2C+Damien%3BAckerer%2C+Philippe%3BSaldi%2C+Giuseppe+D%3BWild%2C+Bastien%3BKnauss%2C+Kevin+G%3BFritz%2C+Bertrand&rft.aulast=Pollet-Villard&rft.aufirst=Marion&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=190&rft.issue=&rft.spage=294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.07.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali feldspar; anisotropic materials; aqueous solutions; backscattering; buffers; case studies; crystal chemistry; crystallization; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; free energy; ICP mass spectra; K-feldspar; kinetics; major elements; mass spectra; models; orientation; orthoclase; pH; reactivity; SEM data; silicates; solubility; spectra; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.07.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of sulfur spinel compounds for multivalent battery cathode applications AN - 1837342990; PQ0003740101 AB - The rapid growth of portable consumer electronics and electric vehicles demands new battery technologies with greater energy stored at a reduced cost. Energy storage solutions based on multivalent metals, such as Mg, could significantly increase the energy density as compared to lithium-ion based technology. In this paper, we employ density functional theory calculations to systematically evaluate the performance, such as thermodynamic stability, ion diffusivity and voltage, of a group of 3d transition-metal sulfur-spinel compounds (21 in total) for multivalent cathode applications. Based on our calculations, Cr2S4, Ti2S4 and Mn2S4 spinel compounds exhibit improved Mg2+ mobility (diffusion activation energy <650 meV) relative to their oxide counterparts, however the improved mobility comes at the expense of lower voltage and thereby lower theoretical specific energy. Ca2+ intercalating into Cr2S4 spinel exhibits a low diffusion activation barrier of 500 meV and a voltage of similar to 2 V, revealing a potential cathode for use in Ca rechargeable batteries. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Liu, Miao AU - Jain, Anubhav AU - Rong, Ziqin AU - Qu, Xiaohui AU - Canepa, Pieremanuele AU - Malik, Rahul AU - Ceder, Gerbrand AU - Persson, Kristin A AD - Electrochemical Technologies Group; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; CA 94720; USA Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 3201 EP - 3209 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 9 IS - 10 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Sulfur KW - Storage KW - Metals KW - Batteries KW - Mobility KW - Thermodynamics KW - Energy KW - Diffusion KW - Electronics industry wastes KW - Technology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837342990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+sulfur+spinel+compounds+for+multivalent+battery+cathode+applications&rft.au=Liu%2C+Miao%3BJain%2C+Anubhav%3BRong%2C+Ziqin%3BQu%2C+Xiaohui%3BCanepa%2C+Pieremanuele%3BMalik%2C+Rahul%3BCeder%2C+Gerbrand%3BPersson%2C+Kristin+A&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Miao&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6ee01731b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Sulfur; Metals; Thermodynamics; Mobility; Batteries; Energy; Electronics industry wastes; Diffusion; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ee01731b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic dissection of chlorate respiration in Pseudomonas stutzeri PDA reveals syntrophic (per)chlorate reduction. AN - 1826641834; 26411776 AB - Genes important for growth of Pseudomonas stutzeri PDA on chlorate were identified using a randomly DNA bar-coded transposon mutant library. During chlorate reduction, mutations in genes encoding the chlorate reductase clrABC, predicted molybdopterin cofactor chaperon clrD, molybdopterin biosynthesis and two genes of unknown function (clrE, clrF) had fitness defects in pooled mutant assays (Bar-seq). Markerless in-frame deletions confirmed that clrA, clrB and clrC were essential for chlorate reduction, while clrD, clrE and clrF had less severe growth defects. Interestingly, the key detoxification gene cld was essential for chlorate reduction in isogenic pure culture experiments, but showed only minor fitness defects in Bar-seq experiments. We hypothesized this was enabled through chlorite dismutation by the community, as most strains in the Bar-seq library contained an intact cld. In support of this, Δcld grew with wild-type PDA or ΔclrA, and purified Cld also restored growth to the Δcld mutant. Expanding on this, wild-type PDA and a Δcld mutant of the perchlorate reducer Azospira suillum PS grew on perchlorate in co-culture, but not individually. These results demonstrate that co-occurrence of cld and a chloroxyanion reductase within a single organism is not necessary and raises the possibility of syntrophic (per)chlorate respiration in the environment. JF - Environmental microbiology AU - Clark, Iain C AU - Youngblut, Matt AU - Jacobsen, Gillian AU - Wetmore, Kelly M AU - Deutschbauer, Adam AU - Lucas, Lauren AU - Coates, John D AD - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. ; Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. ; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. jdcoates@berkeley.edu. Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 3342 EP - 3354 VL - 18 IS - 10 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1826641834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Genetic+dissection+of+chlorate+respiration+in+Pseudomonas+stutzeri%E2%80%85PDA+reveals+syntrophic+%28per%29chlorate+reduction.&rft.au=Clark%2C+Iain+C%3BYoungblut%2C+Matt%3BJacobsen%2C+Gillian%3BWetmore%2C+Kelly+M%3BDeutschbauer%2C+Adam%3BLucas%2C+Lauren%3BCoates%2C+John+D&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Iain&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3342&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1462-2920&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1462-2920.13068 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2015-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - AAV46153; GENBANK N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13068 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel Metal Cation Resistance Systems from Mutant Fitness Analysis of Denitrifying Pseudomonas stutzeri. AN - 1820594300; 27474723 AB - UNLABELLEDMetal ion transport systems have been studied extensively, but the specificity of a given transporter is often unclear from amino acid sequence data alone. In this study, predicted Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) resistance systems in Pseudomonas stutzeri strain RCH2 are compared with those experimentally implicated in Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) resistance, as determined by using a DNA-barcoded transposon mutant library. Mutant fitness data obtained under denitrifying conditions are combined with regulon predictions to yield a much more comprehensive picture of Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) resistance in strain RCH2. The results not only considerably expand what is known about well-established metal ion exporters (CzcCBA, CzcD, and CusCBA) and their accessory proteins (CzcI and CusF), they also reveal that isolates with mutations in some predicted Cu(2+) resistance systems do not show decreased fitness relative to the wild type when exposed to Cu(2+) In addition, new genes are identified that have no known connection to Zn(2+) (corB, corC, Psest_3226, Psest_3322, and Psest_0618) or Cu(2+) resistance (Mrp antiporter subunit gene, Psest_2850, and Psest_0584) but are crucial for resistance to these metal cations. Growth of individual deletion mutants lacking corB, corC, Psest_3226, or Psest_3322 confirmed the observed Zn-dependent phenotypes. Notably, to our knowledge, this is the first time a bacterial homolog of TMEM165, a human gene responsible for a congenital glycosylation disorder, has been deleted and the resulting strain characterized. Finally, the fitness values indicate Cu(2+)- and Zn(2+)-based inhibition of nitrite reductase and interference with molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis for nitrate reductase. These results extend the current understanding of Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) efflux and resistance and their effects on denitrifying metabolism.IMPORTANCEIn this study, genome-wide mutant fitness data in P. stutzeri RCH2 combined with regulon predictions identify several proteins of unknown function that are involved in resisting zinc and copper toxicity. For zinc, these include a member of the UPF0016 protein family that was previously implicated in Ca(2+)/H(+) antiport and a human congenital glycosylation disorder, CorB and CorC, which were previously linked to Mg(2+) transport, and Psest_3322 and Psest_0618, two proteins with no characterized homologs. Experiments using mutants lacking Psest_3226, Psest_3322, corB, corC, or czcI verified their proposed functions, which will enable future studies of these little-characterized zinc resistance determinants. Likewise, Psest_2850, annotated as an ion antiporter subunit, and the conserved hypothetical protein Psest_0584 are implicated in copper resistance. Physiological connections between previous studies and phenotypes presented here are discussed. Functional and mechanistic understanding of transport proteins improves the understanding of systems in which members of the same protein family, including those in humans, can have different functions. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Vaccaro, Brian J AU - Lancaster, W Andrew AU - Thorgersen, Michael P AU - Zane, Grant M AU - Younkin, Adam D AU - Kazakov, Alexey E AU - Wetmore, Kelly M AU - Deutschbauer, Adam AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Novichkov, Pavel S AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Adams, Michael W W AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. ; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA adams@bmb.uga.edu. Y1 - 2016/10/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Oct 01 SP - 6046 EP - 6056 VL - 82 IS - 19 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1820594300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Novel+Metal+Cation+Resistance+Systems+from+Mutant+Fitness+Analysis+of+Denitrifying+Pseudomonas+stutzeri.&rft.au=Vaccaro%2C+Brian+J%3BLancaster%2C+W+Andrew%3BThorgersen%2C+Michael+P%3BZane%2C+Grant+M%3BYounkin%2C+Adam+D%3BKazakov%2C+Alexey+E%3BWetmore%2C+Kelly+M%3BDeutschbauer%2C+Adam%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BNovichkov%2C+Pavel+S%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BAdams%2C+Michael+W+W&rft.aulast=Vaccaro&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=6046&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1098-5336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.01845-16 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01845-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic insights into methane production, oxidation, and emissions in Arctic polygon tundra AN - 1819142058; PQ0003628605 AB - Arctic wetlands are currently net sources of atmospheric CH sub(4). Due to their complex biogeochemical controls and high spatial and temporal variability, current net CH sub(4) emissions and gross CH sub(4) processes have been difficult to quantify, and their predicted responses to climate change remain uncertain. We investigated CH sub(4) production, oxidation, and surface emissions in Arctic polygon tundra, across a wet-to-dry permafrost degradation gradient from low-centered (intact) to flat- and high-centered (degraded) polygons. From 3 microtopographic positions (polygon centers, rims, and troughs) along the permafrost degradation gradient, we measured surface CH sub(4) and CO sub(2) fluxes, concentrations and stable isotope compositions of CH sub(4) and DIC at three depths in the soil, and soil moisture and temperature. More degraded sites had lower CH sub(4) emissions, a different primary methanogenic pathway, and greater CH sub(4) oxidation than did intact permafrost sites, to a greater degree than soil moisture or temperature could explain. Surface CH sub(4) flux decreased from 64 nmol m super(-2) s super(-1) in intact polygons to 7 nmol m super(-2) s super(-1) in degraded polygons, and stable isotope signatures of CH sub(4) and DIC showed that acetate cleavage dominated CH sub(4) production in low-centered polygons, while CO sub(2) reduction was the primary pathway in degraded polygons. We see evidence that differences in water flow and vegetation between intact and degraded polygons contributed to these observations. In contrast to many previous studies, these findings document a mechanism whereby permafrost degradation can lead to local decreases in tundra CH sub(4) emissions. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Vaughn, Lydia JS AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Bill, Markus AU - Torn, Margaret S AD - Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 3487 EP - 3502 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 22 IS - 10 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - Degradation KW - Dissolved inorganic carbon KW - Climatic changes KW - Soil temperature KW - Permafrost KW - Soil Water KW - Tundra KW - Soils KW - Wetlands KW - Methane KW - Water flow KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Temporal variations KW - Temperature KW - Vegetation KW - Acetic acid KW - Stream flow KW - PN, Arctic KW - Stable Isotopes KW - Disseminated intravascular coagulation KW - Oxidation KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819142058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Isotopic+insights+into+methane+production%2C+oxidation%2C+and+emissions+in+Arctic+polygon+tundra&rft.au=Vaughn%2C+Lydia+JS%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S&rft.aulast=Vaughn&rft.aufirst=Lydia&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgcb.13281 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Temporal variations; Biogeochemistry; Dissolved inorganic carbon; Soils; Permafrost; Wetlands; Carbon dioxide; Stream flow; Isotopes; Water flow; Climatic changes; Soil temperature; Vegetation; Acetic acid; Disseminated intravascular coagulation; Tundra; Oxidation; Soil moisture; Stable Isotopes; Degradation; Temperature; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Carbon Dioxide; PN, Arctic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13281 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical analysis of support thickness and particle size effects in HRTEM imaging of metal nanoparticles. AN - 1816864206; 27421079 AB - High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) examination of nanoparticles requires their placement on some manner of support - either TEM grid membranes or part of the material itself, as in many heterogeneous catalyst systems - but a systematic quantification of the practical imaging limits of this approach has been lacking. Here we address this issue through a statistical evaluation of how nanoparticle size and substrate thickness affects the ability to resolve structural features of interest in HRTEM images of metallic nanoparticles on common support membranes. The visibility of lattice fringes from crystalline Au nanoparticles on amorphous carbon and silicon supports of varying thickness was investigated with both conventional and aberration-corrected TEM. Over the 1-4nm nanoparticle size range examined, the probability of successfully resolving lattice fringes differed significantly as a function both of nanoparticle size and support thickness. Statistical analysis was used to formulate guidelines for the selection of supports and to quantify the impact a given support would have on HRTEM imaging of crystalline structure. For nanoparticles ≥1nm, aberration-correction was found to provide limited benefit for the purpose of visualizing lattice fringes; electron dose is more predictive of lattice fringe visibility than aberration correction. These results confirm that the ability to visualize lattice fringes is ultimately dependent on the signal-to-noise ratio of the HRTEM images, rather than the point-to-point resolving power of the microscope. This study provides a benchmark for HRTEM imaging of crystalline supported metal nanoparticles and is extensible to a wide variety of supports and nanostructures. JF - Ultramicroscopy AU - House, Stephen D AU - Bonifacio, Cecile S AU - Grieshaber, Ross V AU - Li, Long AU - Zhang, Zhongfan AU - Ciston, Jim AU - Stach, Eric A AU - Yang, Judith C AD - Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, and Physics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. Electronic address: sdh46@pitt.edu. ; Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, and Physics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. ; National Center of Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA. Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 22 EP - 29 VL - 169 KW - Index Medicus KW - Particle size KW - Image artifacts KW - Cs aberration KW - Nanoparticles KW - HRTEM KW - Support effect UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1816864206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ultramicroscopy&rft.atitle=Statistical+analysis+of+support+thickness+and+particle+size+effects+in+HRTEM+imaging+of+metal+nanoparticles.&rft.au=House%2C+Stephen+D%3BBonifacio%2C+Cecile+S%3BGrieshaber%2C+Ross+V%3BLi%2C+Long%3BZhang%2C+Zhongfan%3BCiston%2C+Jim%3BStach%2C+Eric+A%3BYang%2C+Judith+C&rft.aulast=House&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ultramicroscopy&rft.issn=1879-2723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ultramic.2016.06.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.06.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of carbon dioxide emissions intensity of steel production in China, Germany, Mexico, and the United States AN - 1811885467; PQ0003497704 AB - Production of iron and steel is an energy-intensive manufacturing process. The goal of this study was to develop a methodology for accurately and more fairly comparing the energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions intensity of steel production in different countries and to demonstrate the application of this methodology in an analysis of the steel industry in China, Germany, Mexico, and the U.S. Our methodology addresses the industry's boundary definition, conversion factors, and industry structure. The results of our analysis show that, for the entire iron and steel production process, the base-case (2010) CO2 emissions intensity was 2148kg CO2/tonne crude steel in China, 1708kg CO2/tonne crude steel in Germany, 1080kg CO2/tonne crude steel in Mexico, and 1736kg CO2/tonne crude steel in the U.S. One of the main reasons that Mexico has the lowest CO2 emissions intensity is Mexico's large share of steel production using electric arc furnaces (EAFs) (69.4%). EAF steel production has lower CO2 emissions intensity than production using blast furnaces/basic oxygen furnaces. China, by contrast, has the smallest share of EAF production among the four countries-9.8% in the base-case year 2010. In one scenario, we applied the Chinese share of EAF production to the other three case-study countries; the result was an increase in CO2 emissions intensity of steel production of 19% (2036kg CO2/tonne crude steel) in Germany, 92% (2074 kgCO2/tonne crude steel) in Mexico, and 56% (2703kg CO2/tonne crude steel) in the U.S. compared to these countries' base-case analyses. In another scenario, we applied the Chinese national average grid electricity CO2 emissions factor from 2010, which is the highest emissions factor among the four countries, to the other three countries. In that scenario, the CO2 emissions intensity of steel production increased by 5% in Germany, 11% in Mexico, and 10% in the U.S. JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling AU - Hasanbeigi, Ali AU - Arens, Marlene AU - Cardenas, Jose Carlos Rojas AU - Price, Lynn AU - Triolo, Ryan AD - China Energy Group, Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DA - October 2016 SP - 127 EP - 139 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 113 SN - 0921-3449, 0921-3449 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Carbon dioxide intensity KW - Iron and steel industry KW - Energy intensity KW - Manufacturing industry KW - Metal industry KW - Recycling KW - Waste management KW - Oxygen KW - USA KW - Mexico KW - Furnaces KW - Emissions KW - Conservation KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Steel KW - Germany KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Iron KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811885467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+carbon+dioxide+emissions+intensity+of+steel+production+in+China%2C+Germany%2C+Mexico%2C+and+the+United+States&rft.au=Hasanbeigi%2C+Ali%3BArens%2C+Marlene%3BCardenas%2C+Jose+Carlos+Rojas%3BPrice%2C+Lynn%3BTriolo%2C+Ryan&rft.aulast=Hasanbeigi&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1904&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2014.36 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Manufacturing industry; Furnaces; Emissions; Conservation; Steel; Recycling; Metal industry; Carbon dioxide; Iron; Waste management; USA; Mexico; China, People's Rep.; Germany DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.06.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiocarbon constraints imply reduced carbon uptake by soils during the 21st century AN - 1840618931; 2016-094556 AB - Soil is the largest terrestrial carbon reservoir and may influence the sign and magnitude of carbon cycle-climate feedbacks. Many Earth system models (ESMs) estimate a significant soil carbon sink by 2100, yet the underlying carbon dynamics determining this response have not been systematically tested against observations. We used (super 14) C data from 157 globally distributed soil profiles sampled to 1-meter depth to show that ESMs underestimated the mean age of soil carbon by a factor of more than six (430 + or - 50 years versus 3100 + or - 1800 years). Consequently, ESMs overestimated the carbon sequestration potential of soils by a factor of nearly two (40 + or - 27%). These inconsistencies suggest that ESMs must better represent carbon stabilization processes and the turnover time of slow and passive reservoirs when simulating future atmospheric carbon dioxide dynamics. JF - Science AU - He, Yujie AU - Trumbore, Susan E AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Harden, Jennifer W AU - Vaughn, Lydia J S AU - Allison, Steven D AU - Randerson, James T Y1 - 2016/09/23/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 23 SP - 1419 EP - 1424 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 353 IS - 6306 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - soils KW - soil profiles KW - isotopes KW - sinks KW - prediction KW - atmosphere KW - stable isotopes KW - C-14/C-12 KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dynamics KW - carbon KW - carbon cycle KW - C-14 KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840618931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Radiocarbon+constraints+imply+reduced+carbon+uptake+by+soils+during+the+21st+century&rft.au=He%2C+Yujie%3BTrumbore%2C+Susan+E%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BHarden%2C+Jennifer+W%3BVaughn%2C+Lydia+J+S%3BAllison%2C+Steven+D%3BRanderson%2C+James+T&rft.aulast=He&rft.aufirst=Yujie&rft.date=2016-09-23&rft.volume=353&rft.issue=6306&rft.spage=1419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.aad4273 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/magazine LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; C-14; C-14/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; dynamics; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; isotopes; models; organic carbon; prediction; radioactive isotopes; sinks; soil profiles; soils; stable isotopes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aad4273 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emissions from Electronic Cigarettes: Key Parameters Affecting the Release of Harmful Chemicals. AN - 1817560728; 27461870 AB - Use of electronic cigarettes has grown exponentially over the past few years, raising concerns about harmful emissions. This study quantified potentially toxic compounds in the vapor and identified key parameters affecting emissions. Six principal constituents in three different refill "e-liquids" were propylene glycol (PG), glycerin, nicotine, ethanol, acetol, and propylene oxide. The latter, with mass concentrations of 0.4-0.6%, is a possible carcinogen and respiratory irritant. Aerosols generated with vaporizers contained up to 31 compounds, including nicotine, nicotyrine, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glycidol, acrolein, acetol, and diacetyl. Glycidol is a probable carcinogen not previously identified in the vapor, and acrolein is a powerful irritant. Emission rates ranged from tens to thousands of nanograms of toxicants per milligram of e-liquid vaporized, and they were significantly higher for a single-coil vs a double-coil vaporizer (by up to an order of magnitude for aldehydes). By increasing the voltage applied to a single-coil device from 3.3 to 4.8 V, the mass of e-liquid consumed doubled from 3.7 to 7.5 mg puff(-1) and the total aldehyde emission rates tripled from 53 to 165 μg puff(-1), with acrolein rates growing by a factor of 10. Aldehyde emissions increased by more than 60% after the device was reused several times, likely due to the buildup of polymerization byproducts that degraded upon heating. These findings suggest that thermal degradation byproducts are formed during vapor generation. Glycidol and acrolein were primarily produced by glycerin degradation. Acetol and 2-propen-1-ol were produced mostly from PG, while other compounds (e.g., formaldehyde) originated from both. Because emissions originate from reaction of the most common e-liquid constituents (solvents), harmful emissions are expected to be ubiquitous when e-cigarette vapor is present. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Sleiman, Mohamad AU - Logue, Jennifer M AU - Montesinos, V Nahuel AU - Russell, Marion L AU - Litter, Marta I AU - Gundel, Lara A AU - Destaillats, Hugo AD - Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, MS70-108B, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; División Química de la Remediación Ambiental, CNEA-CONICET , Avenida Gral. Paz, (1650) San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Y1 - 2016/09/06/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Sep 06 SP - 9644 EP - 9651 VL - 50 IS - 17 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1817560728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Emissions+from+Electronic+Cigarettes%3A+Key+Parameters+Affecting+the+Release+of+Harmful+Chemicals.&rft.au=Sleiman%2C+Mohamad%3BLogue%2C+Jennifer+M%3BMontesinos%2C+V+Nahuel%3BRussell%2C+Marion+L%3BLitter%2C+Marta+I%3BGundel%2C+Lara+A%3BDestaillats%2C+Hugo&rft.aulast=Sleiman&rft.aufirst=Mohamad&rft.date=2016-09-06&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=9644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.est.6b01741 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01741 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of pore-scale precipitation on permeability and flow AN - 1861108066; 787270-11 AB - The effects of calcite precipitation on porous media permeability and flow were evaluated with a combined experimental and modeling approach. X-ray microtomography images of two columns packed with glass beads and calcite (spar crystals) or aragonite (Bahamas ooids) injected with a supersaturated solution (log Omega = 1.42) were processed in order to calculate rates of calcite precipitation with a spatial resolution of 4.46 mu m. Identification and localization of the newly precipitated crystals on the 3D images was performed and results used to calculate the crystal growth rates and velocities. The effects of carbonate precipitation were also evaluated in terms of the integrated precipitation rate over the length of the column, crystal shape, surface area and pore roughness changes. While growth was epitaxial on calcite spar, calcite rhombohedra formed on glass beads and clusters of polyhedrons formed on aragonite ooids. Near the column inlet, calcite precipitation occurred preferentially on carbonate grains compared to glass beads, with almost 100% of calcite spar surface area covered by new crystals versus 92% in the case of aragonite and 11% in the case of glass beads. Although the experimental chemistry and flow boundary conditions in the two columns were similar, their porosity-permeability evolution was different because the nucleation and subsequent crystal growth on the two substrates (i.e., calcite spar and aragonite ooids) was very different. The impact of mineral precipitation on pore-scale flow and permeability was evaluated using a pore-scale Stokes solver that accounted for the changes in pore geometry. For similar magnitude reductions in porosity, the decrease in permeability was highest within the sample that experienced the greatest increase in pore roughness. Various porous media models were generated to show the impact of different crystal growth patterns and pore roughness changes on flow and permeability-porosity relationship. Under constant flow rate boundary conditions, precipitation resulted in an increase in both the average and maximum velocities. Increases in pore roughness led to a more heterogeneous flow field, principally through the effects on the fastest and slowest velocities within the domain. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Noiriel, Catherine AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Yang, Li AU - Bernard, Dominique Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 125 EP - 137 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 95 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861108066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Effects+of+pore-scale+precipitation+on+permeability+and+flow&rft.au=Noiriel%2C+Catherine%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BYang%2C+Li%3BBernard%2C+Dominique&rft.aulast=Noiriel&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2015.11.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.11.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of the linked surface water-soil water-groundwater system on transport of E. coli in the subsurface AN - 1861097394; 783634-59 AB - Escherichia coli (E. coli) contamination of groundwater (GW) and surface water (SW) occurs significantly through the subsurface from onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs). However, E. coli transport in the subsurface remains inadequately characterized at the field scale, especially within the vadose zone. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the impact of groundwater fluctuations (e.g., recharging, discharging conditions) and variable conditions in the vadose zone (e.g., pulses of E. coli flux) by characterizing E. coli fate and transport in a linked surface water-soil water-groundwater system (SW-SoW-GW). In particular, this study characterizes the impact of flow regimes on E. coli transport in the subsurface and evaluates the sensitivity of parameters that control the transport of E. coli in the SW-SoW-GW system. This study was conducted in Lake Granbury, which is an important water supply in north-central Texas providing water for over 250,000 people. Results showed that there was less removal of E. coli during groundwater recharge events as compared to GW discharge events. Also, groundwater and surface water systems largely control E. coli transport in the subsurface; however, temporal variability of E. coli can be explained by linking the SW-SoW-GW system. Moreover, sensitivity analysis revealed that saturated water content of the soil, total retention rate coefficient, and hydraulic conductivity are important parameters for E. coli transport in the subsurface. Copyright 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Dwivedi, Dipankar AU - Mohanty, Binayak P AU - Lesikar, Bruce J Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 EP - Article 351 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 227 IS - 9 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - waste water KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - transport KW - water treatment KW - Escherichia coli KW - coliform bacteria KW - Escherichia KW - discharge KW - septic systems KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - fluctuations KW - recharge KW - Hood County Texas KW - bacteria KW - Lake Granbury KW - seasonal variations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861097394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Impact+of+the+linked+surface+water-soil+water-groundwater+system+on+transport+of+E.+coli+in+the+subsurface&rft.au=Dwivedi%2C+Dipankar%3BMohanty%2C+Binayak+P%3BLesikar%2C+Bruce+J&rft.aulast=Dwivedi&rft.aufirst=Dipankar&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=227&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11270-016-3053-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bacteria; coliform bacteria; discharge; environmental analysis; Escherichia; Escherichia coli; fluctuations; ground water; Hood County Texas; Lake Granbury; pollution; recharge; seasonal variations; septic systems; surface water; Texas; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; waste water; water table; water treatment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-016-3053-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic mobilization in an oxidizing alkaline ground water; experimental studies, comparison and optimization of geochemical modeling parameters AN - 1840620292; 2016-094308 AB - Arsenic (As) mobilization and contamination of groundwater affects millions of people worldwide. Progress in developing effective in-situ remediation schemes requires the incorporation of data from laboratory experiments and field samples into calibrated geochemical models.In an oxidizing aquifer where leaching of high pH industrial waste from unlined surface impoundments led to mobilization of naturally occurring As up to 2 mg L (super -1) , sequential extractions of solid phase As as well as, batch sediment microcosm experiments were conducted to understand As partitioning and solid-phase sorptive and buffering capacity. These data were combined with field data to create a series of geochemical models of the system with modeling programs PHREEQC and FITEQL. Different surface complexation modeling approaches, including component additivity (CA), generalized composite (GC), and a hybrid method were developed, compared and fitted to data from batch acidification experiments to simulate potential remediation scenarios. Several parameters strongly influence the concentration of dissolved As including pH, presence of competing ions (particularly phosphate) and the number of available sorption sites on the aquifer solids. Lowering the pH of groundwater to 7 was found to have a variable, but limited impact (<63%) on decreasing the concentration of dissolved As. The models indicate that in addition to lowering pH, decreasing the concentration of dissolved phosphate and/or increasing the number of available sorption sites could significantly decrease the As solubility to levels below 10 mu g L (super -1) . The hybrid and GC modeling results fit the experimental data well (NRMSE<10%) with reasonable effort and can be implemented in further studies for validation. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Hafeznezami, Saeedreza AU - Lam, Jacquelyn R AU - Yang, Xiang AU - Reynolds, Matthew D AU - Davis, James A AU - Lin, Tiffany AU - Jay, Jennifer A Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 97 EP - 112 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 72 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - United States KW - complexing KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - sampling KW - sequential extraction KW - sediments KW - New England KW - natural attenuation KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - pH KW - Eh KW - PHREEQC KW - experimental studies KW - titration KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - adsorption KW - atomic absorption spectra KW - alkalic composition KW - models KW - case studies KW - metals KW - FITEQL model KW - acidification KW - mobilization KW - waste disposal KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840620292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences&rft.atitle=Three-point+bending+test+investigation+of+the+fracture+behavior+of+siltstone+after+thermal+treatment&rft.au=Zuo%2C+Jian-ping%3BXie%2C+He-ping%3BDai%2C+Feng%3BJu%2C+Yang&rft.aulast=Zuo&rft.aufirst=Jian-ping&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2014.04.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; adsorption; alkalic composition; arsenic; atomic absorption spectra; case studies; complexing; Eh; experimental studies; FITEQL model; ground water; metals; mobilization; models; natural attenuation; New England; optimization; oxidation; pH; PHREEQC; pollutants; pollution; remediation; reservoir rocks; sampling; sediments; sequential extraction; simulation; spectra; titration; United States; waste disposal; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.07.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On-resin N-terminal peptoid degradation: Toward mild sequencing conditions AN - 1827888703; PQ0003703736 AB - A novel approach to sequentially degrade peptoid N-terminal N-(substituted)glycine residues on the solid-phase using very mild conditions is reported. This method relies on the treatment of resin-bound, bromoacetylated peptoids with silver perchlorate in THF, leading to an intramolecular cyclization reaction to liberate the terminal residue as a N-substituted morpholine-2,5-dione, resulting in a truncated peptoid upon hydrolysis and a silver bromide byproduct. Side-chain functional group tolerance is explored and reaction kinetics are determined. In a series of pentapeptoids possessing variable, non-nucleophilic side-chains at the second position (R super(2)), we demonstrate that sequential N-terminal degradation of the first two residues proceeds in 87% and 74% conversions on average, respectively. We further demonstrate that the degradation reaction is selective for peptoids, and represents substantial progress toward a mild, iterative sequencing method for peptoid oligomers. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 106: 726-736, 2016. JF - Biopolymers AU - Proulx, Caroline AU - Noee, Falko AU - Yoo, Stan AU - Connolly, Michael D AU - Zuckermann, Ronald N AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, The Molecular Foundry, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 726 EP - 736 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 106 IS - 5 SN - 0006-3525, 0006-3525 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Kinetics KW - Biopolymers KW - Perchloric acid KW - bromides KW - Silver KW - Hydrolysis KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827888703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biopolymers&rft.atitle=On-resin+N-terminal+peptoid+degradation%3A+Toward+mild+sequencing+conditions&rft.au=Proulx%2C+Caroline%3BNoee%2C+Falko%3BYoo%2C+Stan%3BConnolly%2C+Michael+D%3BZuckermann%2C+Ronald+N&rft.aulast=Proulx&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=726&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biopolymers&rft.issn=00063525&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbip.22884 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Kinetics; Biopolymers; Perchloric acid; bromides; Hydrolysis; Silver DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.22884 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of engineered lignin composition on biomass recalcitrance and ionic liquid pretreatment efficiency AN - 1827887099; PQ0003684398 AB - Lignin plays important biological functions in plant cell walls, but also contributes to the recalcitrance of the walls to deconstruction. In recent years, genetic modification of lignin biosynthesis pathways has become one of the primary targets of plant cell wall engineering. In this study, we used a combination of approaches to characterize the structural and compositional features of wild-type Arabidopsis and mutants with distinct lignin monomer compositions: fah1-2 (Guaiacyl, G-lignin dominant), C4H-F5H (Syringyl, S-lignin dominant), COMT1 (G/5-hydroxy G-lignin dominant), and a newly developed med5a med5b ref8 (p-hydroxyphenyl, H-lignin dominant) mutant. In order to understand how lignin modification affects biomass recalcitrance, substrate reactivity and lignin fractionation, we correlated these properties with saccharification efficiency after ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment. Results showed that the cleavage of beta -O-4 linkages in the H- or S-lignin mutants was greater than that in G-lignin mutants. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) based calculations indicate higher chemical reactivity of the linkages between H- and S-lignin monomers, a possible cause of the reduced recalcitrance of H- or S-lignin mutants. Glycome profiling was conducted to study the impact of lignin modification on overall composition, extractability, integrity and lignin-associated features of most major non-cellulosic cell wall glycans in these mutants. This study provides insights into the role of lignin monomer composition on the enzymatic digestibility of biomass and the effect of lignin modification on overall wall structure and biomass pretreatment performance. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Shi, Jian AU - Pattathil, Sivakumar AU - Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan AU - Anderson, Nickolas A AU - Kim, Jeong Im AU - Venketachalam, Sivasankari AU - Hahn, Michael G AU - Chapple, Clint AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Deconstruction Division; Joint BioEnergy Institute; 5885 Hollis St; Emeryville; CA 94608; USA; +1 510-486-4252; +1 925-294-4551 Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 4884 EP - 4895 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 18 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Biosynthesis KW - Fractionation KW - Chemical reactions KW - Green development KW - Arabidopsis KW - Biomass KW - Mutants KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827887099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Impact+of+engineered+lignin+composition+on+biomass+recalcitrance+and+ionic+liquid+pretreatment+efficiency&rft.au=Shi%2C+Jian%3BPattathil%2C+Sivakumar%3BParthasarathi%2C+Ramakrishnan%3BAnderson%2C+Nickolas+A%3BKim%2C+Jeong+Im%3BVenketachalam%2C+Sivasankari%3BHahn%2C+Michael+G%3BChapple%2C+Clint%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=4884&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6gc01193d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosynthesis; Fractionation; Chemical reactions; Green development; Biomass; Mutants; Arabidopsis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc01193d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Northwest Geysers EGS demonstration project, California; Part 2, Modeling and interpretation AN - 1824213305; 2016-083419 AB - In this paper, we summarize the results of coupled thermal, hydraulic, and mechanical (THM) modeling in support of the Northwest Geysers EGS Demonstration Project, which aims at enhancing production from a known High Temperature Reservoir (HTR) (280-400 degrees C) located under the conventional (240 degrees C) geothermal steam reservoir. The THM modeling was conducted to investigate geomechanical effects of cold-water injection during the stimulation of the EGS, first to predict the extent of the stimulation zone for a given injection schedule, and then to conduct interpretive analyses of the actual stimulation. By using a calibrated THM model based on historic injection and microseismic data at a nearby well, we could reasonably predict the extent of the stimulation zone around the injection well, at least for the first few months of injection. However, observed microseismic evolution and pressure responses over the one-year stimulation-injection revealed more heterogeneous behavior as a result of more complex geology, including a network of shear zones. Therefore, for an interpretive analysis of the one-year stimulation campaign, we included two sets of vertical shear zones within the model; a set of more permeable NW-striking shear zones and a set of less permeable NE-striking shear zones. Our modeling indicates that the microseismic events in this system are related to shear reactivation of pre-existing fractures, triggered by the combined effects of injection-induced cooling around the injection well and rapid (but small) changes in steam pressure as far as a kilometer from the injection well. Overall, the integrated monitoring and modeling of microseismicity, ground surface deformations, reservoir pressure, fluid chemical composition, and seismic tomography depict an EGS system hydraulically bounded by some of the NE-striking low permeability shear zones, with the more permeable NW-striking shear zone providing liquid flow paths for stimulation deep (several kilometers) down into the HTR. The modeling indicates that a significant mechanical degradation (damage) inferred from seismic tomography, and potential changes in fracture porosity inferred from cross-well pressure responses, are related to shear rupture in the stimulation zone driven by both pressure and cooling effects. JF - Geothermics AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Hutchings, Lawrence AU - Singh, Ankit AU - Vasco, Donald W AU - Walters, Mark Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 120 EP - 138 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 63 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - shear zones KW - well stimulation KW - mathematical models KW - geothermal engineering KW - enhanced recovery KW - thermal waters KW - temperature KW - geothermal energy KW - California KW - geothermal fields KW - fluid injection KW - The Geysers KW - geothermal exploration KW - microseisms KW - Northwest Geysers KW - thermomechanical properties KW - reservoir properties KW - drilling KW - high temperature KW - faults KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824213305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=The+Northwest+Geysers+EGS+demonstration+project%2C+California%3B+Part+2%2C+Modeling+and+interpretation&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BJeanne%2C+Pierre%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BGarcia%2C+Julio%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BHutchings%2C+Lawrence%3BSingh%2C+Ankit%3BVasco%2C+Donald+W%3BWalters%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=Jonny&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2015.08.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sect. N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; drilling; enhanced recovery; faults; fluid injection; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; geothermal exploration; geothermal fields; high temperature; mathematical models; microseisms; Northwest Geysers; reservoir properties; shear zones; temperature; The Geysers; thermal waters; thermomechanical properties; United States; well stimulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.08.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Northwest Geysers EGS demonstration project, California; Part 1, Characterization and reservoir response to injection AN - 1824213280; 2016-083418 AB - An Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) Demonstration Project is currently underway in the Northwest Geysers. The project goal is to demonstrate the feasibility of stimulating a deep high-temperature reservoir (HTR) (up to 400 degrees C, 750 degrees F). Two previously abandoned wells, Prati State 31 (PS-31) and Prati 32 (P-32), were reopened and deepened to be used as an injection and production doublet to stimulate the HTR. The deepened portions of both wells have conductive temperature gradients of 10 degrees F/100 ft (182 degrees C/km), produce connate native fluids and magmatic gas, and the rocks were isotopically unexchanged by meteoric water. The ambient temperature meteoric water injected into these hot dry rocks has evidently created a permeability volume of several cubic kilometers as determined by seismic monitoring. Preliminary isotopic analyses of the injected and produced water indicate that 50-75% of the steam from the created EGS reservoir is injection-derived. JF - Geothermics AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Walters, Mark AU - Wright, Melinda AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Jeanne, Pierre Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 97 EP - 119 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 63 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - well stimulation KW - subduction zones KW - geothermal wells KW - well-logging KW - geothermal engineering KW - enhanced recovery KW - hot dry rocks KW - temperature KW - geothermal energy KW - California KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - San Andreas Fault KW - microseisms KW - Northwest Geysers KW - reservoir properties KW - induced earthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - high temperature KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824213280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=The+Northwest+Geysers+EGS+demonstration+project%2C+California%3B+Part+1%2C+Characterization+and+reservoir+response+to+injection&rft.au=Garcia%2C+Julio%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BWright%2C+Melinda%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BJeanne%2C+Pierre&rft.aulast=Garcia&rft.aufirst=Julio&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2015.08.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sects., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; earthquakes; enhanced recovery; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; geothermal fields; geothermal wells; high temperature; hot dry rocks; induced earthquakes; microseisms; Northwest Geysers; reservoir properties; San Andreas Fault; subduction zones; temperature; The Geysers; United States; well stimulation; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.08.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conceptual model and numerical analysis of the Desert Peak EGS project; reservoir response to the shallow medium flow-rate hydraulic stimulation phase AN - 1824213111; 2016-083420 AB - A series of stimulation treatments were performed as part of the Engineered Geothermal System (EGS) experiment in the shallow open-hole section of Desert Peak well 27-15 (September 2010-November 2012). These injections at variable wellhead pressures, both below and above the magnitude of the least horizontal principal stress (S (sub hmin) ), produced injectivity gains consistent with hydraulically induced mechanical shear and tensile failure in the surrounding rock. A conceptual framework for the overall Desert Peak EGS experiment is developed and tested based on a synthesis of available structural and geological data. These data include down-hole fracture attributes, in situ stress conditions, pressure interference tests, geochemical tracer studies, and observed induced seismicity. Induced seismicity plays a key role in identifying the geometry of large-scale geological structures that could potentially serve as preferential flow paths during some of the stimulation phases. The numerical code FLAC3D is implemented to simulate the reservoir response to hydraulic stimulation and to investigate in situ conditions conducive to both tensile and shear failure. Results from the numerical analysis show that conditions for shear failure could have occurred along fractures associated with a large northeast-trending normal fault structure located approximately 400 m below the injection interval which coincides with the locations of most of the observed micro-seismicity. This structure may also provide a hydrologic connection between EGS well 27-15 and injection/production wells further to the south-southwest. JF - Geothermics AU - Benato, Stefano AU - Hickman, Stephen AU - Davatzes, Nicholas C AU - Taron, Joshua AU - Spielman, Paul AU - Elsworth, Derek AU - Majer, Ernest L AU - Boyle, Katie Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 139 EP - 156 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 63 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - monitoring KW - well stimulation KW - numerical models KW - geothermal wells KW - mechanical properties KW - geothermal engineering KW - enhanced recovery KW - tensile strength KW - Lyon County Nevada KW - porosity KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - fluid injection KW - seismicity KW - reservoir properties KW - Northern Hot Springs Mountains KW - Desert Peak Field KW - induced earthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824213111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Conceptual+model+and+numerical+analysis+of+the+Desert+Peak+EGS+project%3B+reservoir+response+to+the+shallow+medium+flow-rate+hydraulic+stimulation+phase&rft.au=Benato%2C+Stefano%3BHickman%2C+Stephen%3BDavatzes%2C+Nicholas+C%3BTaron%2C+Joshua%3BSpielman%2C+Paul%3BElsworth%2C+Derek%3BMajer%2C+Ernest+L%3BBoyle%2C+Katie&rft.aulast=Benato&rft.aufirst=Stefano&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2015.06.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Desert Peak Field; earthquakes; enhanced recovery; fluid injection; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; geothermal fields; geothermal wells; hydraulic fracturing; induced earthquakes; Lyon County Nevada; mechanical properties; monitoring; Nevada; Northern Hot Springs Mountains; numerical models; permeability; porosity; reservoir properties; seismicity; tensile strength; United States; well stimulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.06.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced geothermal systems; state of the art AN - 1824213102; 2016-083410 JF - Geothermics Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 252 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 63 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal exploration KW - structural traps KW - traps KW - reservoir properties KW - geothermal engineering KW - enhanced recovery KW - high temperature KW - crust KW - thermal waters KW - temperature KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824213102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Nickel+partitioning+in+biogenic+and+abiogenic+ferrihydrite%3B+the+influence+of+silica+and+implications+for+ancient+environments&rft.au=Eickhoff%2C+Merle%3BObst%2C+Martin%3BSchroeder%2C+Christian%3BHitchcock%2C+Adam+P%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BMartinez%2C+Raul+E%3BRobbins%2C+Leslie+J%3BKonhauser%2C+Kurt+O%3BKappler%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Eickhoff&rft.aufirst=Merle&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.05.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crust; enhanced recovery; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; geothermal exploration; high temperature; reservoir properties; structural traps; temperature; thermal waters; traps ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metatranscriptomic evidence of pervasive and diverse chemolithoautotrophy relevant to C, S, N and Fe cycling in a shallow alluvial aquifer AN - 1815705202; PQ0003588424 AB - Groundwater ecosystems are conventionally thought to be fueled by surface-derived allochthonous organic matter and dominated by heterotrophic microbes living under often-oligotrophic conditions. However, in a 2-month study of nitrate amendment to a perennially suboxic aquifer in Rifle (CO), strain-resolved metatranscriptomic analysis revealed pervasive and diverse chemolithoautotrophic bacterial activity relevant to C, S, N and Fe cycling. Before nitrate injection, anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria accounted for 16% of overall microbial community gene expression, whereas during the nitrate injection, two other groups of chemolithoautotrophic bacteria collectively accounted for 80% of the metatranscriptome: (1) members of the Fe(II)-oxidizing Gallionellaceae family and (2) strains of the S-oxidizing species, Sulfurimonas denitrificans. Notably, the proportion of the metatranscriptome accounted for by these three groups was considerably greater than the proportion of the metagenome coverage that they represented. Transcriptional analysis revealed some unexpected metabolic couplings, in particular, putative nitrate-dependent Fe(II) and S oxidation among nominally microaerophilic Gallionellaceae strains, including expression of periplasmic (NapAB) and membrane-bound (NarGHI) nitrate reductases. The three most active groups of chemolithoautotrophic bacteria in this study had overlapping metabolisms that allowed them to occupy different yet related metabolic niches throughout the study. Overall, these results highlight the important role that chemolithoautotrophy can have in aquifer biogeochemical cycling, a finding that has broad implications for understanding terrestrial carbon cycling and is supported by recent studies of geochemically diverse aquifers. JF - ISME Journal AU - Jewell, Talia N M AU - Karaoz, Ulas AU - Brodie, Eoin L AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Beller, Harry R AD - Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 2106 EP - 2117 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 10 IS - 9 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Nitrate KW - Ecosystems KW - Niches KW - Anaerobic microorganisms KW - Gene expression KW - Ground water KW - Bacteria KW - Nitrates KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Organic matter KW - Nitrate reductase KW - Carbon cycle KW - Transcription KW - Microbial activity KW - Oxidation KW - Groundwater KW - Metabolism KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 21:Wildlife KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815705202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Metatranscriptomic+evidence+of+pervasive+and+diverse+chemolithoautotrophy+relevant+to+C%2C+S%2C+N+and+Fe+cycling+in+a+shallow+alluvial+aquifer&rft.au=Jewell%2C+Talia+N+M%3BKaraoz%2C+Ulas%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin+L%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BBeller%2C+Harry+R&rft.aulast=Jewell&rft.aufirst=Talia+N&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2016.25 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Aquifers; Nitrate; Niches; Organic matter; Oxidation; Nitrate reductase; Ground water; Carbon cycle; Transcription; Anaerobic microorganisms; Metabolism; Bacteria; Ecosystems; Nitrates; Biogeochemistry; Microbial activity; Groundwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2016.25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrologic testing during drilling: application of the flowing fluid electrical conductivity (FFEC) logging method to drilling of a deep borehole TT - Test hydrologique en cours de forage: application de la methode de logging de la conductivite electrique du fluide s'ecoulant pour le forage d'un puits profond AN - 1815698134; PQ0003592241 AB - Drilling of a deep borehole does not normally allow for hydrologic testing during the drilling period. It is only done when drilling experiences a large loss (or high return) of drilling fluid due to penetration of a large-transmissivity zone. The paper proposes the possibility of conducting flowing fluid electrical conductivity (FFEC) logging during the drilling period, with negligible impact on the drilling schedule, yet providing important information on depth locations of both high- and low-transmissivity zones and their hydraulic properties. The information can be used to guide downhole fluid sampling and post-drilling detailed testing of the borehole. The method has been applied to the drilling of a 2,500-m borehole at Aare, central Sweden, firstly when the drilling reached 1,600 m, and then when the drilling reached the target depth of 2,500 m. Results unveil eight hydraulically active zones from 300 m down to borehole bottom, with depths determined to within the order of a meter. Further, the first set of data allows the estimation of hydraulic transmissivity values of the six hydraulically conductive zones found from 300 to 1,600 m, which are very low and range over one order of magnitude.Original Abstract: Le forage d'un puits profond ne permet pas normalement la realisation de tests hydrologiques au cours de la periode de forage. Ils sont realises uniquement lorsque le forage experience une grande perte (ou rendement eleve) de fluide de forage en raison de la penetration d'une zone de grande transmissivite. L'article propose la possibilite d'effectuer un logging de conductivite electrique du fluide qui s'ecoule au cours de la periode de forage, avec un impact negligeable sur le calendrier de realisation de forage, tout en fournissant d'importantes informations sur la profondeur des emplacements aussi bien des zones a transmissivite elevee que faible et de leurs proprietes hydrauliques. Les informations peuvent etre utilisees pour guide l'echantillonnage du fluide de forage et la realisation de tests detailles post-forage du puits. La methode a ete appliquee sur le forage d'un puits de 2,500 m a Aare, partie centrale de la Suede, lorsque le forage a atteint 1,600 m, puis lorsque le forage a atteint la profondeur cible de 2,500 m. Les resultats devoilent huit zones actives hydrauliquement a partir de 300 m jusqu'au fond de trou, avec des profondeurs determinees de l'ordre du metre. En outre, le premier jeu de donnees permet l'estimation des valeurs de transmissivite hydraulique pour six zones conductrices hydrauliquement situees entre 300 et 1,600 m de profondeur, qui sont tres faibles et s'etendent sur un ordre de grandeur. JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Rosberg, Jan-Erik AU - Sharma, Prabhakar AU - Berthet, Theo AU - Juhlin, Christopher AU - Niemi, Auli AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, cftsang@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 1333 EP - 1341 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 24 IS - 6 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - Environment Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - ANE, Sweden KW - Hydraulics KW - Drilling KW - Drilling fluids KW - Boreholes KW - Logging KW - Electrical conductivity KW - Drilling Fluids KW - Sampling KW - Hydraulic Properties KW - Conductivity KW - Transmissivity KW - Methodology KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09103:Information services KW - SW 0810:General KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815698134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=Hydrologic+testing+during+drilling%3A+application+of+the+flowing+fluid+electrical+conductivity+%28FFEC%29+logging+method+to+drilling+of+a+deep+borehole&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BRosberg%2C+Jan-Erik%3BSharma%2C+Prabhakar%3BBerthet%2C+Theo%3BJuhlin%2C+Christopher%3BNiemi%2C+Auli&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10040-016-1405-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrical conductivity; Drilling fluids; Boreholes; Methodology; Logging; Hydraulics; Conductivity; Drilling Fluids; Drilling; Sampling; Transmissivity; Hydraulic Properties; ANE, Sweden DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1405-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid systematic assessment of the detection and attribution of regional anthropogenic climate change AN - 1815697006; PQ0003613459 AB - Despite being a well-established research field, the detection and attribution of observed climate change to anthropogenic forcing is not yet provided as a climate service. One reason for this is the lack of a methodology for performing tailored detection and attribution assessments on a rapid time scale. Here we develop such an approach, based on the translation of quantitative analysis into the "confidence" language employed in recent Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. While its systematic nature necessarily ignores some nuances examined in detailed expert assessments, the approach nevertheless goes beyond most detection and attribution studies in considering contributors to building confidence such as errors in observational data products arising from sparse monitoring networks. When compared against recent expert assessments, the results of this approach closely match those of the existing assessments. Where there are small discrepancies, these variously reflect ambiguities in the details of what is being assessed, reveal nuances or limitations of the expert assessments, or indicate limitations of the accuracy of the sort of systematic approach employed here. Deployment of the method on 116 regional assessments of recent temperature and precipitation changes indicates that existing rules of thumb concerning the detectability of climate change ignore the full range of sources of uncertainty, most particularly the importance of adequate observational monitoring. JF - Climate Dynamics AU - Stone, Daithi A AU - Hansen, Gerrit AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS-50F1650, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, dstone@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 1399 EP - 1415 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 47 IS - 5-6 SN - 0930-7575, 0930-7575 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Climates KW - Climate change KW - Temperature KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - Precipitation KW - Systematics KW - Buildings KW - Anthropogenic climate changes KW - Methodology KW - Translations KW - Monitoring KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815697006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Dynamics&rft.atitle=Rapid+systematic+assessment+of+the+detection+and+attribution+of+regional+anthropogenic+climate+change&rft.au=Stone%2C+Daithi+A%3BHansen%2C+Gerrit&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Daithi&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=1399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Dynamics&rft.issn=09307575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00382-015-2909-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Translations; Climate change; Anthropogenic factors; Methodology; Precipitation; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Anthropogenic climate changes; Climates; Temperature; Monitoring; Systematics; Buildings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2909-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of mineral reactive surface area estimates for prediction of reactivity of a multi-mineral sediment AN - 1815670028; 2016-076498 AB - Our limited understanding of mineral reactive surface area contributes to significant uncertainties in quantitative simulations of reactive chemical transport in subsurface processes. Continuum formulations for reactive transport typically use a number of different approximations for reactive surface area, including geometric, specific, and effective surface area. In this study, reactive surface area estimates are developed and evaluated for their ability to predict dissolution rates in a well-stirred flow-through reactor experiment using disaggregated samples from the Nagaoka pilot CO (sub 2) injection site (Japan). The disaggregated samples are reacted with CO (sub 2) acidified synthetic brine under conditions approximating the field conditions and the evolution of solute concentrations in the reactor effluent is tracked over time. The experiments, carried out in fluid-dominated conditions at a pH of 3.2 for 650 h, resulted in substantial dissolution of the sample and release of a disproportionately large fraction of the divalent cations. Traditional reactive surface area estimation methods, including an adjusted geometric surface area and a BET-based surface area, are compared to a newly developed image-based method. Continuum reactive transport modeling is used to determine which of the reactive surface area models provides the best match with the effluent chemistry from the well-stirred reactor. The modeling incorporates laboratory derived mineral dissolution rates reported in the literature and the initial modal mineralogy of the Nagaoka sediment was determined from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization. The closest match with the observed steady-state effluent concentrations was obtained using specific surface area estimates from the image-based approach supplemented by literature-derived BET measurements. To capture the evolving effluent chemistry, particularly over the first 300 h of the experiment, it was also necessary to account for the grain size distribution in the sediment and the presence of a highly reactive volcanic glass phase that shows preferential cation leaching. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Beckingham, Lauren E AU - Mitnick, Elizabeth H AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Zhang, Shuo AU - Voltolini, Marco AU - Swift, Alexander M AU - Yang, Li AU - Cole, David R AU - Sheets, Julia M AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Mito, Saeko AU - Xue, Ziqiu Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 310 EP - 329 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 188 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - solute transport KW - Far East KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - simulation KW - climate change KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - reactivity KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - uncertainty KW - pH KW - climate KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - gas injection KW - Niigata Japan KW - mathematical methods KW - brines KW - reservoir properties KW - Nagaoka Japan KW - Honshu KW - SEM data KW - Japan KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815670028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+mineral+reactive+surface+area+estimates+for+prediction+of+reactivity+of+a+multi-mineral+sediment&rft.au=Beckingham%2C+Lauren+E%3BMitnick%2C+Elizabeth+H%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BZhang%2C+Shuo%3BVoltolini%2C+Marco%3BSwift%2C+Alexander+M%3BYang%2C+Li%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BSheets%2C+Julia+M%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BMito%2C+Saeko%3BXue%2C+Ziqiu&rft.aulast=Beckingham&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=188&rft.issue=&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.05.040 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 111 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; Asia; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical composition; climate; climate change; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; Far East; gas injection; Honshu; Japan; mathematical methods; Nagaoka Japan; Niigata Japan; pH; pollutants; pollution; prediction; reactivity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; simulation; solute transport; solutes; spectra; statistical analysis; surface properties; transport; uncertainty; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.05.040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field testing of modular borehole monitoring with simultaneous distributed acoustic sensing and geophone vertical seismic profiles at Citronelle, Alabama AN - 1811901264; PQ0003555638 AB - A modular borehole monitoring concept has been implemented to provide a suite of well-based monitoring tools that can be deployed cost effectively in a flexible and robust package. The initial modular borehole monitoring system was deployed as part of a CO sub(2) injection test operated by the Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership near Citronelle, Alabama. The Citronelle modular monitoring system transmits electrical power and signals, fibre-optic light pulses, and fluids between the surface and a reservoir. Additionally, a separate multi-conductor tubing-encapsulated line was used for borehole geophones, including a specialized clamp for casing clamping with tubing deployment. The deployment of geophones and fibre-optic cables allowed comparison testing of distributed acoustic sensing. We designed a large source effort (>64 sweeps per source point) to test fibre-optic vertical seismic profile and acquired data in 2013. The native measurement in the specific distributed acoustic sensing unit used (an iDAS from Silixa Ltd) is described as a localized strain rate. Following a processing flow of adaptive noise reduction and rebalancing the signal to dimensionless strain, improvement from repeated stacking of the source was observed. Conversion of the rebalanced strain signal to equivalent velocity units, via a scaling by local apparent velocity, allows quantitative comparison of distributed acoustic sensing and geophone data in units of velocity. We see a very good match of uncorrelated time series in both amplitude and phase, demonstrating that velocity-converted distributed acoustic sensing data can be analyzed equivalent to vertical geophones. We show that distributed acoustic sensing data, when averaged over an interval comparable to typical geophone spacing, can obtain signal-to-noise ratios of 18 dB to 24 dB below clamped geophones, a result that is variable with noise spectral amplitude because the noise characteristics are not identical. With vertical seismic profile processing, we demonstrate the effectiveness of downgoing deconvolution from the large spatial sampling of distributed acoustic sensing data, along with improved upgoing reflection quality. We conclude that the extra source effort currently needed for tubing-deployed distributed acoustic sensing vertical seismic profile, as part of a modular monitoring system, is well compensated by the extra spatial sampling and lower deployment cost as compared with conventional borehole geophones. JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Daley, T M AU - Miller, DE AU - Dodds, K AU - Cook, P AU - Freifeld, B M AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/09// PY - 2016 DA - September 2016 SP - 1318 EP - 1334 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 64 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - ASW, USA, Alabama KW - Acoustics KW - Ecological distribution KW - Velocity KW - Strain KW - Boreholes KW - Costs KW - Acoustic imagery KW - Carbon KW - Seismometers KW - Seismic profiles KW - Noise KW - Sampling KW - Monitoring KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Monitoring systems KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811901264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Field+testing+of+modular+borehole+monitoring+with+simultaneous+distributed+acoustic+sensing+and+geophone+vertical+seismic+profiles+at+Citronelle%2C+Alabama&rft.au=Daley%2C+T+M%3BMiller%2C+DE%3BDodds%2C+K%3BCook%2C+P%3BFreifeld%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1365-2478.12324 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acoustic imagery; Carbon; Seismic profiles; Seismometers; Ecological distribution; Carbon dioxide; Boreholes; Monitoring systems; Costs; Acoustics; Noise; Velocity; Sampling; Monitoring; Strain; ASW, USA, Alabama DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12324 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Governance strategies to achieve zero-energy buildings in China AN - 1846405177; PQ0003864717 AB - In response to climate change, governments are developing policies to move toward ultra-low-energy or 'zero-energy' buildings (ZEBs). Policies, codes, and governance structures vary among regions, and there is no universally accepted definition of a ZEB. These variables make it difficult, for countries such as China that wish to set similar goals, to determine an optimum approach. This paper reviews ZEBs policies, programmes, and governance approaches in two jurisdictions that are leading ZEBs development: Denmark and the state of California in the United States. Different modes of governance (hierarchy: principal-agent relations, market: self organizing and network: independent actors) are examined specifically in relation to policy instruments (prescriptive, performance or outcome-based). The analysis highlights differences in institutional conditions and examines available data on energy performance resulting from a building policy framework. The purpose is to identify ZEBs governance and implementation deficits in China and analyse alternative governance approaches that could be employed in China, which is currently developing ZEBs targets and policies. Conclusions suggest that the ZEBs governance structure in China could benefit from widened participation by all societal actors involved in achieving ZEBs targets. China's ZEBs policies would benefit from employing a more balanced hybrid governance approach. JF - Building Research & Information AU - Zhang, Jingjing AU - Zhou, Nan AU - Hinge, Adam AU - Feng, Wei AU - Zhang, Shicong AD - Environmental and Energy Systems Studies, Lund University, PO Box 118, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden, NZhou@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/08/17/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 17 SP - 604 EP - 618 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN United Kingdom VL - 44 IS - 5-6 SN - 0961-3218, 0961-3218 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - INE, USA, California KW - Energy KW - Hybrids KW - Climate change KW - Jurisdiction KW - Denmark KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Buildings KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1846405177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+Research+%26+Information&rft.atitle=Governance+strategies+to+achieve+zero-energy+buildings+in+China&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Jingjing%3BZhou%2C+Nan%3BHinge%2C+Adam%3BFeng%2C+Wei%3BZhang%2C+Shicong&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Jingjing&rft.date=2016-08-17&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+Research+%26+Information&rft.issn=09613218&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F09613218.2016.1157345 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hybrids; Energy; Jurisdiction; Climate change; Buildings; INE, USA, California; Denmark; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2016.1157345 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Olsalazine-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks as Biocompatible Platforms for H2 Adsorption and Drug Delivery. AN - 1812439406; 27486905 AB - The drug olsalazine (H4olz) was employed as a ligand to synthesize a new series of mesoporous metal-organic frameworks that are expanded analogues of the well-known M2(dobdc) materials (dobdc(4-) = 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate; M-MOF-74). The M2(olz) frameworks (M = Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, and Zn) exhibit high surface areas with large hexagonal pore apertures that are approximately 27 Å in diameter. Variable temperature H2 adsorption isotherms revealed strong adsorption at the open metal sites, and in situ infrared spectroscopy experiments on Mg2(olz) and Ni2(olz) were used to determine site-specific H2 binding enthalpies. In addition to its capabilities for gas sorption, the highly biocompatible Mg2(olz) framework was also evaluated as a platform for the delivery of olsalazine and other encapsulated therapeutics. The Mg2(olz) material (86 wt % olsalazine) was shown to release the therapeutic linker through dissolution of the framework under simulated physiological conditions. Furthermore, Mg2(olz) was used to encapsulate phenethylamine (PEA), a model drug for a broad class of bioactive compounds. Under simulated physiological conditions, Mg2(olz)(PEA)2 disassembled to release PEA from the pores and olsalazine from the framework itself, demonstrating that multiple therapeutic components can be delivered together at different rates. The low toxicity, high surface areas, and coordinatively unsaturated metal sites make these M2(olz) materials promising for a range of potential applications, including drug delivery in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Levine, Dana J AU - Runčevski, Tomče AU - Kapelewski, Matthew T AU - Keitz, Benjamin K AU - Oktawiec, Julia AU - Reed, Douglas A AU - Mason, Jarad A AU - Jiang, Henry Z H AU - Colwell, Kristen A AU - Legendre, Christina M AU - FitzGerald, Stephen A AU - Long, Jeffrey R AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oberlin College , Oberlin, Ohio 44074, United States. Y1 - 2016/08/17/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 17 SP - 10143 EP - 10150 VL - 138 IS - 32 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812439406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Olsalazine-Based+Metal-Organic+Frameworks+as+Biocompatible+Platforms+for+H2+Adsorption+and+Drug+Delivery.&rft.au=Levine%2C+Dana+J%3BRun%C4%8Devski%2C+Tom%C4%8De%3BKapelewski%2C+Matthew+T%3BKeitz%2C+Benjamin+K%3BOktawiec%2C+Julia%3BReed%2C+Douglas+A%3BMason%2C+Jarad+A%3BJiang%2C+Henry+Z+H%3BColwell%2C+Kristen+A%3BLegendre%2C+Christina+M%3BFitzGerald%2C+Stephen+A%3BLong%2C+Jeffrey+R&rft.aulast=Levine&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft.date=2016-08-17&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=32&rft.spage=10143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=1520-5126&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fjacs.6b03523 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b03523 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport of uranium in a ground water bioreduction study; insights from high temporal resolution (super 238) U/ (super 235) U data AN - 1812217484; 2016-069277 AB - We conducted a detailed investigation of U isotopes in conjunction with a broad geochemical investigation during field-scale biostimulation and desorption experiments. This investigation was carried out in the uranium-contaminated alluvial aquifer of the Rifle field research site. In this well-characterized setting, a more comprehensive understanding of U isotope geochemistry is possible. Our results indicate that U isotope fractionation is consistently observed across multiple experiments at the Rifle site. Microbially-mediated reduction is suggested to account for most or all of the observed fractionation as abiotic reduction has been demonstrated to impart much smaller, often near-zero, isotopic fractionation or isotopic fractionation in the opposite direction. Data from some time intervals are consistent with a simple model for transport and U(VI) reduction, where the fractionation factor (epsilon = +0.65 ppm to +0.85 ppm) is consistent with experimental studies. However, during other time intervals the observed patterns in our data indicate the importance of other processes in governing U concentrations and (super 238) U/ (super 235) U ratios. For instance, we demonstrate that departures from Rayleigh behavior in groundwater systems arise from the presence of adsorbed species. We also show that isotope data are sensitive to the onset of oxidation after biostimulation ends, even in the case where reduction continues to remove contaminant uranium downstream. Our study and the described conceptual model support the use of (super 238) U/ (super 235) U ratios as a tool for evaluating the efficacy of biostimulation and potentially other remedial strategies employed at Rifle and other uranium-contaminated sites. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Shiel, A E AU - Johnson, T M AU - Lundstrom, C C AU - Laubach, P G AU - Long, P E AU - Williams, Kenneth H Y1 - 2016/08/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 15 SP - 218 EP - 236 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 187 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - isotope fractionation KW - desorption KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - observation wells KW - mass spectra KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Rifle Colorado KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - water pollution KW - high-resolution methods KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - alluvium KW - uranium KW - temporal distribution KW - U-238/U-235 KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812217484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+of+uranium+in+a+ground+water+bioreduction+study%3B+insights+from+high+temporal+resolution+%28super+238%29+U%2F+%28super+235%29+U+data&rft.au=Shiel%2C+A+E%3BJohnson%2C+T+M%3BLundstrom%2C+C+C%3BLaubach%2C+P+G%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H&rft.aulast=Shiel&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2016-08-15&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=&rft.spage=218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.05.020 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alluvium; aquifers; bacteria; biogenic processes; clastic sediments; Colorado; desorption; experimental studies; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; high-resolution methods; ICP mass spectra; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; metals; models; monitoring; observation wells; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; reactivity; reduction; remediation; reservoir rocks; Rifle Colorado; sediments; solute transport; solutes; spectra; temporal distribution; transport; U-238/U-235; United States; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.05.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beneficial behavior of nitric oxide in copper-treated medicinal plants. AN - 1790463969; 27131454 AB - Despite numerous reports implicating nitric oxide (NO) in the environmental-stress responses of plants, the specific metabolic and ionic mechanisms of NO-mediated adaptation to metal stress remain unclear. Here, the impacts of copper (Cu) and NO donor (SNP, 50μM) alone or in combination on the well-known medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus L. were investigated. Our results showed that Cu markedly increased Cu(2+) accumulation, decreased NO production, and disrupted mineral equilibrium and proton pumps, thereby stimulating a burst of ROS; in addition, SNP ameliorates the negative toxicity of Cu, and cPTIO reverses this action. Furthermore, the accumulations of ROS and NO resulted in reciprocal changes. Interestingly, nearly all of the investigated amino acids and the total phenolic content in the roots were promoted by the SNP treatment but were depleted by the Cu+SNP treatment, which is consistent with the self-evident increases in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and total soluble phenol content induced by SNP. Unexpectedly, leaf vincristine and vinblastine as well as the total alkaloid content (ca. 1.5-fold) were decreased by Cu but markedly increased by SNP (+38% and +49% of the control levels). This study provides the first evidence of the beneficial behavior of NO, rather than other compounds, in depleting Cu toxicity by regulating mineral absorption, reestablishing ATPase activities, and stimulating secondary metabolites. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Liu, Shiliang AU - Yang, Rongjie AU - Pan, Yuanzhi AU - Ren, Bo AU - Chen, Qibing AU - Li, Xi AU - Xiong, Xi AU - Tao, Jianjun AU - Cheng, Qingsu AU - Ma, Mingdong AD - College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China. Electronic address: liushiliang9@163.com. ; College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China. ; Institute of Biotechnology & Breeding, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China. ; College of Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. ; Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Electrical & Biomedical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA. ; College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China. Electronic address: 610245498@qq.com. Y1 - 2016/08/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Aug 15 SP - 140 EP - 154 VL - 314 KW - Index Medicus KW - Amino acids KW - Antitumor alkaloids KW - Copper stress KW - Catharanthus roseus L. KW - Phenolic metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790463969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Beneficial+behavior+of+nitric+oxide+in+copper-treated+medicinal+plants.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Shiliang%3BYang%2C+Rongjie%3BPan%2C+Yuanzhi%3BRen%2C+Bo%3BChen%2C+Qibing%3BLi%2C+Xi%3BXiong%2C+Xi%3BTao%2C+Jianjun%3BCheng%2C+Qingsu%3BMa%2C+Mingdong&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Shiliang&rft.date=2016-08-15&rft.volume=314&rft.issue=&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=1873-3336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2016.04.042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular dynamics simulations of anion exclusion in clay interlayer nanopores AN - 1859792229; 2017-004879 AB - The aqueous chemistry of water films confined between clay mineral surfaces remains an important unknown in predictions of radioelement migration from radioactive waste repositories. This issue is particularly important in the case of long-lived anionic radioisotopes ( (super 129) I (super -) , (super 99) TcO (sub 4) (super -) , (super 36) Cl (super -) ) which interact with clay minerals primarily by anion exclusion. For example, models of ion migration in clayey media do not agree as to whether anions are completely or partially excluded from clay interlayer nanopores. In the present study, this key issue was addressed for Cl (super -) using MD simulations for a range of nanopore widths (6 to 15 A) overlapping the range of average pore widths that exists in engineered clay barriers. The MD simulation results were compared with the predictions of a thermodynamic model (Donnan Equilibrium model) and two pore-scale models based on the Poisson-Boltzmann equation under the assumption that interlayer water behaves as bulk liquid water. The simulations confirmed that anion exclusion from clay interlayers is greater than predicted by the pore-scale models, particularly at the smallest pore size examined. This greater anion exclusion stems from Cl (super -) being more weakly solvated in nano-confined water than it is in bulk liquid water. Anion exclusion predictions based on the Poisson-Boltzmann equation were consistent with the MD simulation results, however, if the predictions included an ion closest approach distance to the clay mineral surface on the order of 2.0 + or - 0.8 A. These findings suggest that clay interlayers approach a state of complete anion exclusion (hence, ideal semi-permeable membrane properties) at a pore width of 4.2 + or - 1.5 A. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Tournassat, Christophe AU - Bourg, Ian C AU - Holmboe, Michael AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Steefel, Carl I Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 374 EP - 388 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Chantilly, VA VL - 64 IS - 4 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - clay mineralogy KW - halogens KW - crystal structure KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - chemical properties KW - molecular dynamics KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - disposal barriers KW - mineral interlayer KW - chlorine KW - migration KW - anions KW - fluid flow KW - clay minerals KW - claystone KW - lattice Boltzmann method KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - crystal chemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859792229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Molecular+dynamics+simulations+of+anion+exclusion+in+clay+interlayer+nanopores&rft.au=Tournassat%2C+Christophe%3BBourg%2C+Ian+C%3BHolmboe%2C+Michael%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I&rft.aulast=Tournassat&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2016.0640403 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Clay Minerals Society | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chlorine; clastic rocks; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; claystone; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; disposal barriers; fluid flow; geochemistry; halogens; lattice Boltzmann method; migration; mineral interlayer; molecular dynamics; radioactive waste; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; simulation; thermodynamic properties; waste disposal; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2016.0640403 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capillary pressure-saturation relations in quartz and carbonate sands; limitations for correlating capillary and wettability influences on air, oil, and supercritical CO (sub 2) trapping AN - 1855316316; 2017-001070 AB - Capillary pressure (P (sub c) )-saturation (S (sub w) ) relations are essential for predicting equilibrium and flow of immiscible fluid pairs in soils and deeper geologic formations. In systems that are difficult to measure, behavior is often estimated based on capillary scaling of easily measured P (sub c) -S (sub w) relations (e.g., air-water, and oil-water), yet the reliability of such approximations needs to be examined. In this study, 17 sets of brine drainage and imbibition curves were measured with air-brine, decane-brine, and supercritical (sc) CO (sub 2) -brine in homogeneous quartz and carbonate sands, using porous plate systems under ambient (0.1 MPa, 23 degrees C) and reservoir (12.0 MPa, 45 degrees C) conditions. Comparisons between these measurements showed significant differences in residual nonwetting phase saturation, S (sub nw, r) . Through applying capillary scaling, changes in interfacial properties were indicated, particularly wettability. With respect to the residual trapping of the nonwetting phases, S (sub nwr, CO2) > S (sub nwr, decane) > S (sub nwr, air) . Decane-brine and scCO (sub 2) -brine P (sub c) -S (sub w) curves deviated significantly from predictions assuming hydrophilic interactions. Moreover, neither the scaled capillary behavior nor S (sub nw, r) for scCO (sub 2) -brine were well represented by decane-brine, apparently because of differences in wettability and viscosities, indicating limitations for using decane (and other organic liquids) as a surrogate fluid in studies intended to apply to geological carbon sequestration. Thus, challenges remain in applying scaling for predicting capillary trapping and multiphase displacement processes across such diverse fields as vadose zone hydrology, enhanced oil recovery, and geologic carbon sequestration. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wang, Shibo AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Kim, Yongman Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 6671 EP - 6690 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - deep aquifers KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - capillary pressure KW - clastic sediments KW - moisture KW - techniques KW - porous materials KW - capillary water KW - physical models KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - saturation KW - brines KW - sediments KW - wettability KW - quartz sand KW - carbonates KW - saline composition KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855316316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Capillary+pressure-saturation+relations+in+quartz+and+carbonate+sands%3B+limitations+for+correlating+capillary+and+wettability+influences+on+air%2C+oil%2C+and+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+trapping&rft.au=Wang%2C+Shibo%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BKim%2C+Yongman&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Shibo&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=6671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016WR018816 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; brines; capillary pressure; capillary water; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; clastic sediments; deep aquifers; experimental studies; ground water; instruments; moisture; physical models; porous materials; pressure; quartz sand; saline composition; sand; saturation; sediments; techniques; wettability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016WR018816 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental feasibility of soil amendment with flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) for terrestrial carbon sequestration AN - 1840617787; 2016-098942 AB - Technologies for increasing carbon storage in soils are gathering attention as a means for mitigating atmospheric CO (sub 2) emissions. Carbon sequestration can be achieved by controlling the organic carbon stock in soil and by accelerating mineral carbonation. In this study, carbon sequestration capacity was measured in soil columns treated with flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG), a by-product of electric power generation. The feasibility of using FGDG as an environmentally benign alternative to gypsum or anhydrite was examined using a toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and Microtox bioassay. While no toxic leachate was generated from the FGDG treatment, some toxic elements in the soil were removed through absorption reactions. Test results for carbon sequestration based on unsaturated soil column experiments suggest that the application of FGDG for soil treatment holds promise of less microbial CO (sub 2) emission from soil. The net benefits of carbon sequestration from the FGDG treatment were calculated as 87 and 621 g C/m (super 2) /m of infiltrated water, for the 1 % calcite-added column and 3 % calcite-added columns, respectively. The presented test results show that the FGDG treatment for soil carbon sequestration holds a promise when it is applied to slightly alkaline soils. Copyright 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Han, Young-Soo AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Salve, Rohit AU - Chon, Chul-Min Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 EP - Article 1148 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 75 IS - 15 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - United States KW - power plants KW - remediation KW - flue gas KW - carbon dioxide KW - California KW - mitigation KW - gypsum KW - leachate KW - alkalinity KW - discharge KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - San Joaquin Valley KW - sulfates KW - desulfurization KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - Merced County California KW - greenhouse gases KW - waste disposal KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840617787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Environmental+feasibility+of+soil+amendment+with+flue+gas+desulfurization+gypsum+%28FGDG%29+for+terrestrial+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Han%2C+Young-Soo%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BSalve%2C+Rohit%3BChon%2C+Chul-Min&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Young-Soo&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-016-5966-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; bioassays; California; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; desulfurization; discharge; experimental studies; flue gas; greenhouse gases; gypsum; leachate; Merced County California; mitigation; pollution; power plants; remediation; San Joaquin Valley; soil management; soil treatment; soils; sulfates; toxic materials; United States; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5966-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adsorption and desorption of arsenate on sandy sediments from contaminated and uncontaminated saturated zones; kinetic and equilibrium modeling AN - 1832650814; 779363-32 AB - Application of empirical models to adsorption of contaminants on natural heterogeneous sorbents is often challenging due to the uncertainty associated with fitting experimental data and determining adjustable parameters. Sediment samples from contaminated and uncontaminated portions of a study site in Maine, USA were collected and investigated for adsorption of arsenate [As(V)]. Two kinetic models were used to describe the results of single solute batch adsorption experiments. Piecewise linear regression of data linearized to fit pseudo-first order kinetic model resulted in two distinct rates and a cutoff time point of 14-19 h delineating the biphasic behavior of solute adsorption. During the initial rapid adsorption stage, an average of 60-80% of the total adsorption took place. Pseudo-second order kinetic models provided the best fit to the experimental data (R (super 2) > 0.99) and were capable of describing the adsorption over the entire range of experiments. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms provided reasonable fits to the adsorption data at equilibrium. Langmuir-derived maximum adsorption capacity (S (sub t) ) of the studied sediments ranged between 29 and 97 mg/kg increasing from contaminated to uncontaminated sites. Solid phase As content of the sediments ranged from 3.8 to 10 mg/kg and the As/Fe ratios were highest in the amorphous phase. High-pH desorption experiments resulted in a greater percentage of solid phase As released into solution from experimentally-loaded sediments than from the unaltered samples suggesting that As(V) adsorption takes place on different reversible and irreversible surface sites. JF - Environmental Pollution (1987) AU - Hafeznezami, Saeedreza AU - Zimmer-Faust, Amity G AU - Dunne, Aislinn AU - Tran, Tiffany AU - Yang, Chao AU - Lam, Jacquelyn R AU - Reynolds, Matthew D AU - Davis, James A AU - Jay, Jennifer A Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 290 EP - 301 PB - Elsevier, Barking VL - 215 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - desorption KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - equilibrium KW - arsenates KW - isotherms KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - sequential extraction KW - sediments KW - Maine KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832650814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.atitle=Adsorption+and+desorption+of+arsenate+on+sandy+sediments+from+contaminated+and+uncontaminated+saturated+zones%3B+kinetic+and+equilibrium+modeling&rft.au=Hafeznezami%2C+Saeedreza%3BZimmer-Faust%2C+Amity+G%3BDunne%2C+Aislinn%3BTran%2C+Tiffany%3BYang%2C+Chao%3BLam%2C+Jacquelyn+R%3BReynolds%2C+Matthew+D%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BJay%2C+Jennifer+A&rft.aulast=Hafeznezami&rft.aufirst=Saeedreza&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=215&rft.issue=&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envpol.2016.05.029 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02697491 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; arsenates; arsenic; desorption; equilibrium; experimental studies; isotherms; kinetics; Maine; metals; pollutants; pollution; sediments; sequential extraction; soil pollution; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CO2 enabled process integration for the production of cellulosic ethanol using bionic liquids AN - 1827891285; PQ0003683744 AB - There is a clear and unmet need for a robust and affordable biomass conversion technology that can process a wide range of biomass feedstocks and produce high yields of fermentable sugars and biofuels with minimal intervention between unit operations. The lower microbial toxicity of recently-developed renewable ionic liquids (ILs), or bionic liquids (BILs), helps overcome the challenges associated with the integration of pretreatment with enzymatic saccharification and microbial fermentation. However, the most effective BILs known to date for biomass pretreatment form extremely basic pH solutions in the presence of water, and therefore require neutralization before the pH range is acceptable for the enzymes and microbes used to complete the biomass conversion process. Neutralization using acids creates unwanted secondary effects that are problematic for efficient and cost-effective biorefinery operations using either continuous or batch modes. We demonstrate a novel approach that addresses these challenges through the use of gaseous carbon dioxide to reversibly control the pH mismatch. This approach enables the realization of an integrated biomass conversion process that eliminates the need for intermediate washing and/or separation steps. A preliminary technoeconomic analysis indicates that this integrated approach could reduce production costs by 50-65% compared to previous IL biomass conversion methods studied. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Sun, Jian AU - Konda, NVSNMurthy AU - Shi, Jian AU - Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan AU - Dutta, Tanmoy AU - Xu, Feng AU - Scown, Corinne D AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Deconstruction Division; Joint BioEnergy Institute; Emeryville; CA; USA Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 2822 EP - 2834 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 9 IS - 9 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Fermentation KW - Intervention KW - Integration KW - Economics KW - Neutralization KW - pH effects KW - pH KW - Ethanol KW - Sugar KW - Enzymes KW - Production costs KW - Toxicity KW - Biomass KW - Acids KW - Energy KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Biofuels KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827891285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=CO2+enabled+process+integration+for+the+production+of+cellulosic+ethanol+using+bionic+liquids&rft.au=Sun%2C+Jian%3BKonda%2C+NVSNMurthy%3BShi%2C+Jian%3BParthasarathi%2C+Ramakrishnan%3BDutta%2C+Tanmoy%3BXu%2C+Feng%3BScown%2C+Corinne+D%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2822&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6ee00913a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Integration; Fermentation; Energy; Acids; Enzymes; Toxicity; Carbon dioxide; Biomass; pH effects; Biofuels; Ethanol; Fuel technology; Intervention; Production costs; Economics; Neutralization; pH DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ee00913a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution phylogenetic microbial community profiling AN - 1811879606; PQ0003512806 AB - Over the past decade, high-throughput short-read 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing has eclipsed clone-dependent long-read Sanger sequencing for microbial community profiling. The transition to new technologies has provided more quantitative information at the expense of taxonomic resolution with implications for inferring metabolic traits in various ecosystems. We applied single-molecule real-time sequencing for microbial community profiling, generating full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences at high throughput, which we propose to name PhyloTags. We benchmarked and validated this approach using a defined microbial community. When further applied to samples from the water column of meromictic Sakinaw Lake, we show that while community structures at the phylum level are comparable between PhyloTags and Illumina V4 16S rRNA gene sequences (iTags), variance increases with community complexity at greater water depths. PhyloTags moreover allowed less ambiguous classification. Last, a platform-independent comparison of PhyloTags and in silico generated partial 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated significant differences in community structure and phylogenetic resolution across multiple taxonomic levels, including a severe underestimation in the abundance of specific microbial genera involved in nitrogen and methane cycling across the Lake's water column. Thus, PhyloTags provide a reliable adjunct or alternative to cost-effective iTags, enabling more accurate phylogenetic resolution of microbial communities and predictions on their metabolic potential. JF - ISME Journal AU - Singer, Esther AU - Bushnell, Brian AU - Coleman-Derr, Devin AU - Bowman, Brett AU - Bowers, Robert M AU - Levy, Asaf AU - Gies, Esther A AU - Cheng, Jan-Fang AU - Copeland, Alex AU - Klenk, Hans-Peter AU - Hallam, Steven J AU - Hugenholtz, Philip AU - Tringe, Susannah G AU - Woyke, Tanja AD - US Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 2020 EP - 2032 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 10 IS - 8 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Water depth KW - Prediction KW - Phylogeny KW - Methane KW - Ecosystems KW - Abundance KW - Microbial activity KW - Water column KW - Lakes KW - Classification KW - Community structure KW - Economics KW - Taxonomy KW - rRNA 16S KW - Technology KW - Nitrogen KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811879606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=High-resolution+phylogenetic+microbial+community+profiling&rft.au=Singer%2C+Esther%3BBushnell%2C+Brian%3BColeman-Derr%2C+Devin%3BBowman%2C+Brett%3BBowers%2C+Robert+M%3BLevy%2C+Asaf%3BGies%2C+Esther+A%3BCheng%2C+Jan-Fang%3BCopeland%2C+Alex%3BKlenk%2C+Hans-Peter%3BHallam%2C+Steven+J%3BHugenholtz%2C+Philip%3BTringe%2C+Susannah+G%3BWoyke%2C+Tanja&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Esther&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2020&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2015.249 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Methane; Lakes; Classification; Community structure; Abundance; rRNA 16S; Water column; Nitrogen; Prediction; Water depth; Ecosystems; Microbial activity; Economics; Taxonomy; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.249 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial Metagenomics Reveals Climate-Relevant Subsurface Biogeochemical Processes AN - 1811874110; PQ0003497357 AB - Microorganisms play key roles in terrestrial system processes, including the turnover of natural organic carbon, such as leaf litter and woody debris that accumulate in soils and subsurface sediments. What has emerged from a series of recent DNA sequencing-based studies is recognition of the enormous variety of little known and previously unknown microorganisms that mediate recycling of these vast stores of buried carbon in subsoil compartments of the terrestrial system. More importantly, the genome resolution achieved in these studies has enabled association of specific members of these microbial communities with carbon compound transformations and other linked biogeochemical processes-such as the nitrogen cycle-that can impact the quality of groundwater, surface water, and atmospheric trace gas concentrations. The emerging view also emphasizes the importance of organism interactions through exchange of metabolic byproducts (e.g., within the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles) and via symbioses since many novel organisms exhibit restricted metabolic capabilities and an associated extremely small cell size. New, genome-resolved information reshapes our view of subsurface microbial communities and provides critical new inputs for advanced reactive transport models. These inputs are needed for accurate prediction of feedbacks in watershed biogeochemical functioning and their influence on the climate via the fluxes of greenhouse gases, CO2, CH4, and N2O. JF - Trends in Microbiology AU - Long, Philip E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Banfield, Jillian F AD - Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 600 EP - 610 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 24 IS - 8 SN - 0966-842X, 0966-842X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - metagenome KW - subsurface biogeochemistry KW - reaction pathway KW - greenhouse gases KW - Sulfur KW - Transformation KW - Genomes KW - Surface water KW - Climate KW - Recycling KW - Watersheds KW - Sediments KW - Soil KW - Leaf litter KW - Carbon KW - Reviews KW - Cell size KW - Microorganisms KW - Ground water KW - Feedback KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Nitrogen KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811874110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Microbial+Metagenomics+Reveals+Climate-Relevant+Subsurface+Biogeochemical+Processes&rft.au=Long%2C+Philip+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=600&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Microbiology&rft.issn=0966842X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tim.2016.04.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Transformation; Sulfur; Surface water; Climate; Watersheds; Recycling; Sediments; Soil; Leaf litter; Carbon; Reviews; Cell size; Ground water; Microorganisms; Feedback; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Nitrogen DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2016.04.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Do classroom ventilation rates in California elementary schools influence standardized test scores? Results from a prospective study AN - 1808715114; PQ0003484746 AB - Limited evidence has associated lower ventilation rates (VRs) in schools with reduced student learning or achievement. We analyzed longitudinal data collected over two school years from 150 classrooms in 28 schools within three California school districts. We estimated daily classroom VRs from real-time indoor carbon dioxide measured by web-connected sensors. School districts provided individual-level scores on standard tests in Math and English, and classroom-level demographic data. Analyses assessing learning effects used two VR metrics: average VRs for 30 days prior to tests, and proportion of prior daily VRs above specified thresholds during the year. We estimated relationships between scores and VR metrics in multivariate models with generalized estimating equations. All school districts had median school-year VRs below the California VR standard. Most models showed some positive associations of VRs with test scores; however, estimates varied in magnitude and few 95% confidence intervals excluded the null. Combined-district models estimated statistically significant increases of 0.6 points (P = 0.01) on English tests for each 10% increase in prior 30-day VRs. Estimated increases in Math were of similar magnitude but not statistically significant. Findings suggest potential small positive associations between classroom VRs and learning. JF - Indoor Air AU - Mendell, MJ AU - Eliseeva, E A AU - Davies, M M AU - Lobscheid, A AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/08// PY - 2016 DA - August 2016 SP - 546 EP - 557 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Demography KW - Schools KW - Ventilation KW - Sensors KW - INE, USA, California KW - Standards KW - Indoor environments KW - Carbon dioxide KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808715114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Genome+informed+trait-based+models+for+improved+prediction+of+microbial+dynamics+and+biogeochemical+rates&rft.au=Brodie%2C+Eoin%3BKing%2C+Eric%3BTang%2C+Jinyun%3BCheng%2C+Yiwei%3BKaraoz%2C+Ulas%3BMolins%2C+Sergi%3BRiley%2C+William%3BBouskill%2C+Nicholas&rft.aulast=Brodie&rft.aufirst=Eoin&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Demography; Schools; Sensors; Ventilation; Standards; Carbon dioxide; Indoor environments; INE, USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ina.12241 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Higher thermoelectric performance of Zintl phases (Eu0.5Yb0.5)1-xCaxMg2Bi2 by band engineering and strain fluctuation. AN - 1806441028; 27385824 AB - Complex Zintl phases, especially antimony (Sb)-based YbZn0.4Cd1.6Sb2 with figure-of-merit (ZT) of ∼1.2 at 700 K, are good candidates as thermoelectric materials because of their intrinsic "electron-crystal, phonon-glass" nature. Here, we report the rarely studied p-type bismuth (Bi)-based Zintl phases (Ca,Yb,Eu)Mg2Bi2 with a record thermoelectric performance. Phase-pure EuMg2Bi2 is successfully prepared with suppressed bipolar effect to reach ZT ∼ 1. Further partial substitution of Eu by Ca and Yb enhanced ZT to ∼1.3 for Eu0.2Yb0.2Ca0.6Mg2Bi2 at 873 K. Density-functional theory (DFT) simulation indicates the alloying has no effect on the valence band, but does affect the conduction band. Such band engineering results in good p-type thermoelectric properties with high carrier mobility. Using transmission electron microscopy, various types of strains are observed and are believed to be due to atomic mass and size fluctuations. Point defects, strain, dislocations, and nanostructures jointly contribute to phonon scattering, confirmed by the semiclassical theoretical calculations based on a modified Debye-Callaway model of lattice thermal conductivity. This work indicates Bi-based (Ca,Yb,Eu)Mg2Bi2 is better than the Sb-based Zintl phases. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Shuai, Jing AU - Geng, Huiyuan AU - Lan, Yucheng AU - Zhu, Zhuan AU - Wang, Chao AU - Liu, Zihang AU - Bao, Jiming AU - Chu, Ching-Wu AU - Sui, Jiehe AU - Ren, Zhifeng AD - Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204; ; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China; ; Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251; ; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204; ; State Key Lab of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Device, University of Electric Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; ; Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China; ; Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 cwchu@uh.edu suijiehe@hit.edu.cn zren@uh.edu. ; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China; cwchu@uh.edu suijiehe@hit.edu.cn zren@uh.edu. ; Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204; cwchu@uh.edu suijiehe@hit.edu.cn zren@uh.edu. Y1 - 2016/07/19/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jul 19 SP - E4125 EP - E4132 VL - 113 IS - 29 KW - Index Medicus KW - band engineering KW - strain-field fluctuation KW - Bi-based Zintl phases KW - thermoelectric properties UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1806441028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Higher+thermoelectric+performance+of+Zintl+phases+%28Eu0.5Yb0.5%291-xCaxMg2Bi2+by+band+engineering+and+strain+fluctuation.&rft.au=Shuai%2C+Jing%3BGeng%2C+Huiyuan%3BLan%2C+Yucheng%3BZhu%2C+Zhuan%3BWang%2C+Chao%3BLiu%2C+Zihang%3BBao%2C+Jiming%3BChu%2C+Ching-Wu%3BSui%2C+Jiehe%3BRen%2C+Zhifeng&rft.aulast=Shuai&rft.aufirst=Jing&rft.date=2016-07-19&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=29&rft.spage=E4125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=1091-6490&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1608794113 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-07-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608794113 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of mineral dissolution regimes using flow-through time-resolved analysis (FT-TRA) and numerical simulation AN - 1803774116; 2016-062729 AB - Flow-through time resolved analysis (FT-TRA) involves subjecting small mineral samples (< 10 mg) inserted in a miniature flow-through cell (50 mu L) to controlled flows of eluent analyzed on-line by ICP-MS. In this study, FT-TRA is used to empirically determine the dissolution regimes for the two well-studied minerals forsterite and calcite, representing minerals with relatively slow and fast dissolution kinetics. A proportional increase in steady-state effluent [Mg, Si] concentrations with increasing flow-through cell eluent residence times confirms a dominantly surface-controlled dissolution regime for a powdered forsterite sample at pH 2.3, implying that transport limitations are negligible. In contrast, the relationship between flow rates and dissolution rates for single grain calcite samples at pH 2.3-4 reveals that transport limitations affect the rate of calcite dissolution. To provide a quantitative and process-based assessment of the effect of diffusive transport limitations, simulations of the calcite experiments were performed with a high resolution, pore-scale model that considers the geometry of the calcite grain and the FT-TRA flow-through reactor. The pore-scale model reproduces the observed effluent [Ca] concentrations for all experimental conditions using a single set of surface kinetic parameters, by accounting for the formation of a diffusive boundary layer (DBL) that varies in thickness as a function of flow rates. These results demonstrate that combining FT-TRA with pore-scale modeling makes it possible to obtain unprecedented insights not achievable by either method separately, including quantification of DBL thicknesses and the determination of transport controls as a function of pH, flow velocity and residence times. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - De Baere, Bart AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Mayer, K Ulrich AU - Francois, Roger Y1 - 2016/07/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jul 15 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 430 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - solute transport KW - silicates KW - methods KW - magnesium KW - mass spectra KW - olivine group KW - simulation KW - silicon KW - transport KW - orthosilicates KW - spectra KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - electron microscopy data KW - solubility KW - flow through-time resolved analysis KW - forsterite KW - calcite KW - nesosilicates KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - crystal chemistry KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803774116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Determination+of+mineral+dissolution+regimes+using+flow-through+time-resolved+analysis+%28FT-TRA%29+and+numerical+simulation&rft.au=De+Baere%2C+Bart%3BMolins%2C+Sergi%3BMayer%2C+K+Ulrich%3BFrancois%2C+Roger&rft.aulast=De+Baere&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft.date=2016-07-15&rft.volume=430&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2016.03.014 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcite; carbonates; chemical analysis; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; flow through-time resolved analysis; forsterite; ICP mass spectra; kinetics; magnesium; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metals; methods; models; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; pH; SEM data; silicates; silicon; simulation; solubility; solute transport; spectra; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.03.014 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Chemical 'Sponges' Could Make Chemo Safer AN - 1802984714 JF - Breaking Energy AU - Glenn Roberts Jr | Berkeley Lab Y1 - 2016/07/11/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jul 11 CY - New York PB - SyndiGate Media Inc KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1802984714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabitrade&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Breaking+Energy&rft.atitle=Chemical+%27Sponges%27+Could+Make+Chemo+Safer&rft.au=Glenn+Roberts+Jr+%3B+Berkeley+Lab&rft.aulast=Glenn+Roberts+Jr+%7C+Berkeley+Lab&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2016-07-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Breaking+Energy&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright © 2016 Breaking Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Provided by SyndiGate Media Inc. (Syndigate.info). N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive Transport Model of Sulfur Cycling as Impacted by Perchlorate and Nitrate Treatments. AN - 1802473143; 27267666 AB - Microbial souring in oil reservoirs produces toxic, corrosive hydrogen sulfide through microbial sulfate reduction, often accompanying (sea)water flooding during secondary oil recovery. With data from column experiments as constraints, we developed the first reactive-transport model of a new candidate inhibitor, perchlorate, and compared it with the commonly used inhibitor, nitrate. Our model provided a good fit to the data, which suggest that perchlorate is more effective than nitrate on a per mole of inhibitor basis. Critically, we used our model to gain insight into the underlying competing mechanisms controlling the action of each inhibitor. This analysis suggested that competition by heterotrophic perchlorate reducers and direct inhibition by nitrite produced from heterotrophic nitrate reduction were the most important mechanisms for the perchlorate and nitrate treatments, respectively, in the modeled column experiments. This work demonstrates modeling to be a powerful tool for increasing and testing our understanding of reservoir-souring generation, prevention, and remediation processes, allowing us to incorporate insights derived from laboratory experiments into a framework that can potentially be used to assess risk and design optimal treatment schemes. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Cheng, Yiwei AU - Hubbard, Christopher G AU - Li, Li AU - Bouskill, Nicholas AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Sonnenthal, Eric AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Engelbrektson, Anna AU - Coates, John D AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California, 94720 United States. ; Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802 United States. ; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California , Berkeley, California, 94720 United States. Y1 - 2016/07/05/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jul 05 SP - 7010 EP - 7018 VL - 50 IS - 13 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1802473143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Reactive+Transport+Model+of+Sulfur+Cycling+as+Impacted+by+Perchlorate+and+Nitrate+Treatments.&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Yiwei%3BHubbard%2C+Christopher+G%3BLi%2C+Li%3BBouskill%2C+Nicholas%3BMolins%2C+Sergi%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BEngelbrektson%2C+Anna%3BCoates%2C+John+D%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Yiwei&rft.date=2016-07-05&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=7010&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013WR014283 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-07-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00081 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving Budyko curve-based estimates of long-term water partitioning using hydrologic signatures from GRACE AN - 1844923589; 2016-101583 AB - The Budyko hypothesis provides a first-order estimate of water partitioning into runoff (Q) and evapotranspiration (E). Observations, however, often show significant departures from the Budyko curve; moreover, past improvements to Budyko curve tend to lose predictive power when migrated between regions or to small scales. Here to estimate departures from the Budyko curve, we use hydrologic signatures extracted from Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) terrestrial water storage anomalies. The signatures include GRACE amplitude as a fraction of precipitation (A/P), interannual variability, and 1-month lag autocorrelation. We created a group of linear models embodying two alternate hypotheses that departures can be predicted by (a) Taylor series expansion based on the deviation of physical characteristics (seasonality, snow fraction, and vegetation index) from reference conditions and (b) surrogate indicators covarying with E, e.g., A/P. These models are fitted using a mesoscale USA data set (HUC4) and then evaluated using world data sets and USA basins 1000 km (super 2) and, according to comparison with other global data sets, is suitable for data fusion purposes, with GRACE error as estimates of uncertainty. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Fang, Kuai AU - Shen, Chaopeng AU - Fisher, Joshua B AU - Niu, Jie Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 5537 EP - 5554 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 7 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydrology KW - water storage KW - annual variations KW - numerical analysis KW - global KW - statistical analysis KW - GRACE KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - satellite methods KW - evapotranspiration KW - mathematical methods KW - autocorrelation KW - Budyko curve KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844923589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Improving+Budyko+curve-based+estimates+of+long-term+water+partitioning+using+hydrologic+signatures+from+GRACE&rft.au=Fang%2C+Kuai%3BShen%2C+Chaopeng%3BFisher%2C+Joshua+B%3BNiu%2C+Jie&rft.aulast=Fang&rft.aufirst=Kuai&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=5537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016WR018748 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - annual variations; atmospheric precipitation; autocorrelation; Budyko curve; climate; evapotranspiration; global; GRACE; hydrology; mathematical methods; numerical analysis; satellite methods; statistical analysis; water storage DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016WR018748 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variability in the sensitivity among model simulations of permafrost and carbon dynamics in the permafrost region between 1960 and 2009 AN - 1840622099; 2016-096391 AB - A significant portion of the large amount of carbon (C) currently stored in soils of the permafrost region in the Northern Hemisphere has the potential to be emitted as the greenhouse gases CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) under a warmer climate. In this study we evaluated the variability in the sensitivity of permafrost and C in recent decades among land surface model simulations over the permafrost region between 1960 and 2009. The 15 model simulations all predict a loss of near-surface permafrost (within 3 m) area over the region, but there are large differences in the magnitude of the simulated rates of loss among the models (0.2 to 58.8 X 10 (super 3) km (super 2) yr (super -1) ). Sensitivity simulations indicated that changes in air temperature largely explained changes in permafrost area, although interactions among changes in other environmental variables also played a role. All of the models indicate that both vegetation and soil C storage together have increased by 156 to 954 Tg C yr (super -1) between 1960 and 2009 over the permafrost region even though model analyses indicate that warming alone would decrease soil C storage. Increases in gross primary production (GPP) largely explain the simulated increases in vegetation and soil C. The sensitivity of GPP to increases in atmospheric CO (sub 2) was the dominant cause of increases in GPP across the models, but comparison of simulated GPP trends across the 1982-2009 period with that of a global GPP data set indicates that all of the models overestimate the trend in GPP. Disturbance also appears to be an important factor affecting C storage, as models that consider disturbance had lower increases in C storage than models that did not consider disturbance. To improve the modeling of C in the permafrost region, there is the need for the modeling community to standardize structural representation of permafrost and carbon dynamics among models that are used to evaluate the permafrost C feedback and for the modeling and observational communities to jointly develop data sets and methodologies to more effectively benchmark models. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - McGuire, A David AU - Koven, Charles AU - Lawrence, David M AU - Clein, Joy S AU - Xia, Jiangyang AU - Beer, Christian AU - Burke, Eleanor AU - Chen, Guangsheng AU - Chen, Xiaodong AU - Delire, Christine AU - Jafarov, Elchin AU - MacDougall, Andrew H AU - Marchenko, Sergey AU - Nicolsky, Dmitry AU - Peng, Shushi AU - Rinke, Annette AU - Saito, Kazuyuki AU - Zhang, Wenxin AU - Alkama, Ramdane AU - Bohn, Theodore J AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Decharme, Bertrand AU - Ekici, Altug AU - Gouttevin, Isabelle AU - Hajima, Tomohiro AU - Hayes, Daniel J AU - Ji, Duoying AU - Krinner, Gerhard AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P AU - Luo, Yiqi AU - Miller, Paul A AU - Moore, John C AU - Romanovsky, Vladimir AU - Schaedel, Christina AU - Schaefer, Kevin AU - Schuur, Edward A G AU - Smith, Benjamin AU - Sueyoshi, Tetsuo AU - Zhuang, Qianlai Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 1015 EP - 1037 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - decadal variations KW - permafrost KW - data processing KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - global change KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - dynamics KW - sensitivity analysis KW - carbon KW - digital simulation KW - global warming KW - soils KW - cryosphere KW - methane KW - Arctic region KW - alkanes KW - thawing KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - air KW - greenhouse gases KW - carbon cycle KW - frozen ground KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840622099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Variability+in+the+sensitivity+among+model+simulations+of+permafrost+and+carbon+dynamics+in+the+permafrost+region+between+1960+and+2009&rft.au=McGuire%2C+A+David%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BLawrence%2C+David+M%3BClein%2C+Joy+S%3BXia%2C+Jiangyang%3BBeer%2C+Christian%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor%3BChen%2C+Guangsheng%3BChen%2C+Xiaodong%3BDelire%2C+Christine%3BJafarov%2C+Elchin%3BMacDougall%2C+Andrew+H%3BMarchenko%2C+Sergey%3BNicolsky%2C+Dmitry%3BPeng%2C+Shushi%3BRinke%2C+Annette%3BSaito%2C+Kazuyuki%3BZhang%2C+Wenxin%3BAlkama%2C+Ramdane%3BBohn%2C+Theodore+J%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BDecharme%2C+Bertrand%3BEkici%2C+Altug%3BGouttevin%2C+Isabelle%3BHajima%2C+Tomohiro%3BHayes%2C+Daniel+J%3BJi%2C+Duoying%3BKrinner%2C+Gerhard%3BLettenmaier%2C+Dennis+P%3BLuo%2C+Yiqi%3BMiller%2C+Paul+A%3BMoore%2C+John+C%3BRomanovsky%2C+Vladimir%3BSchaedel%2C+Christina%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin%3BSchuur%2C+Edward+A+G%3BSmith%2C+Benjamin%3BSueyoshi%2C+Tetsuo%3BZhuang%2C+Qianlai&rft.aulast=McGuire&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016GB005405 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 121 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Arctic region; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; cryosphere; data processing; decadal variations; digital simulation; dynamics; frozen ground; geochemical cycle; global change; global warming; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; methane; organic compounds; permafrost; sensitivity analysis; soils; temperature; thawing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005405 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure and analysis of microparticles embedded in silica aerogel keystones using NF (sub 3) -mediated electron beam-induced etching and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy AN - 1819895145; 2016-079109 AB - In 2006, NASA's Stardust spacecraft delivered to Earth dust particles collected from the coma of comet 81P/Wild 2, with the goal of furthering the understanding of solar system formation. Stardust cometary samples were collected in a low-density, nanoporous silica aerogel making their study technically challenging. This article demonstrates the identification, exposure, and elemental composition analysis of particles analogous to those collected by NASA's Stardust mission using in-situ SEM techniques. Backscattered electron imaging is shown by experimental observation and Monte Carlo simulation to be suitable for locating particles of a range of sizes relevant to Stardust (down to submicron diameters) embedded within silica aerogel. Selective removal of the silica aerogel encapsulating an embedded particle is performed by cryogenic NF (sub 3) -mediated electron beam-induced etching. The porous, low-density nature of the aerogel results in an enhanced etch rate compared with solid material, making it an effective, nonmechanical method for the exposure of particles. After exposure, elemental composition of the particle was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy using a high spectral resolution microcalorimeter. Signals from fluorine contamination are shown to correspond to nonremoved silica aerogel and only in residual concentrations. Abstract Copyright The Meteoritical Society, 2016. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Martin, Aiden A AU - Lin, Ting AU - Toth, Milos AU - Westphal, Andrew J AU - Vicenzi, Edward P AU - Beeman, Jeffrey AU - Silver, Eric H Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 1223 EP - 1232 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 51 IS - 7 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - methods KW - Stardust Mission KW - halogens KW - electron microscopy data KW - X-ray spectra KW - EDS spectra KW - sample preparation KW - detection KW - comets KW - nitrogen trifluoride KW - fluorine KW - identification KW - Wild 2 Comet KW - aerogel KW - etching KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - SEM data KW - particles KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819895145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Exposure+and+analysis+of+microparticles+embedded+in+silica+aerogel+keystones+using+NF+%28sub+3%29+-mediated+electron+beam-induced+etching+and+energy-dispersive+X-ray+spectroscopy&rft.au=Martin%2C+Aiden+A%3BLin%2C+Ting%3BToth%2C+Milos%3BWestphal%2C+Andrew+J%3BVicenzi%2C+Edward+P%3BBeeman%2C+Jeffrey%3BSilver%2C+Eric+H&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Aiden&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmaps.12655 L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerogel; chemical composition; comets; detection; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; etching; fluorine; halogens; identification; methods; nitrogen trifluoride; particles; sample preparation; SEM data; spectra; Stardust Mission; Wild 2 Comet; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maps.12655 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Separating the effects of phenology and diffuse radiation on gross primary productivity in winter wheat AN - 1815699145; PQ0003582568 AB - Gross primary productivity (GPP) has been reported to increase with the fraction of diffuse solar radiation, for a given total irradiance. The correlation between GPP and diffuse radiation suggests effects of diffuse radiation on canopy light-use efficiency, but potentially confounding effects of vegetation phenology have not been fully explored. We applied several approaches to control for phenology, using 8 years of eddy-covariance measurements of winter wheat in the U.S. Southern Great Plains. The apparent enhancement of daily GPP due to diffuse radiation was reduced from 260% to 75%, after subsampling over the peak growing season or by subtracting a 15 day moving average of GPP, suggesting a role of phenology. The diffuse radiation effect was further reduced to 22% after normalizing GPP by a spectral reflectance index to account for phenological variations in leaf area index LAI and canopy photosynthetic capacity. Canopy photosynthetic capacity covaries with diffuse fraction at a given solar irradiance at this site because both factors are dependent on day of year or solar zenith angle. Using a two-leaf Sun-shaded canopy radiative transfer model, we confirmed that the effects of phenological variations in photosynthetic capacity can appear qualitatively similar to the effects of diffuse radiation on GPP and therefore can be difficult to distinguish using observations. The importance of controlling for phenology when inferring diffuse radiation effects on GPP raises new challenges and opportunities for using radiation measurements to improve carbon cycle models. Key Points * Diffuse radiation and vegetation phenology covary with gross primary productivity (GPP) * Diffuse radiation enhancement of GPP is statistically insignificant after controlling for phenology * Observed enhancement of GPP under diffuse radiation may largely be driven by phenology in crops JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. G. Biogeosciences AU - Williams, Ian N AU - Riley, William J AU - Kueppers, Lara M AU - Biraud, Sebastien C AU - Torn, Margaret S AD - Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 1903 EP - 1915 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 121 IS - 7 SN - 2169-8953, 2169-8953 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Reflectance KW - Irradiance KW - Solar radiation KW - Primary production KW - Crops KW - Models KW - Winter KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Radiation KW - Phenology KW - Canopies KW - Carbon Cycle KW - Modelling KW - Solar Radiation KW - Leaf area KW - Carbon cycle KW - Vegetation KW - Energy flow KW - Radiative transfer KW - Wheat KW - Productivity KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815699145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Separating+the+effects+of+phenology+and+diffuse+radiation+on+gross+primary+productivity+in+winter+wheat&rft.au=Williams%2C+Ian+N%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BKueppers%2C+Lara+M%3BBiraud%2C+Sebastien+C%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1903&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.issn=21698953&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JG003317 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy flow; Reflectance; Phenology; Radiation; Radiative transfer; Canopies; Primary production; Winter; Modelling; Leaf area; Irradiance; Carbon cycle; Vegetation; Solar radiation; Crops; Models; Solar Radiation; Carbon Cycle; Wheat; Productivity; Triticum aestivum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JG003317 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotechnology and synthetic biology approaches for metabolic engineering of bioenergy crops AN - 1811887772; PQ0003550292 AB - The Green Revolution has fuelled an exponential growth in human population since the mid-20th century. Due to population growth, food and energy demands will soon surpass supply capabilities. To overcome these impending problems, significant improvements in genetic engineering will be needed to complement breeding efforts in order to accelerate the improvement of agronomical traits. The new field of plant synthetic biology has emerged in recent years and is expected to support rapid, precise, and robust engineering of plants. In this review, we present recent advances made in the field of plant synthetic biology, specifically in genome editing, transgene expression regulation, and bioenergy crop engineering, with a focus on traits related to lignocellulose, oil, and soluble sugars. Ultimately, progress and innovation in these fields may facilitate the development of beneficial traits in crop plants to meet society's bioenergy needs. Significance Statement Here we review progress in developing synthetic biology tools for plants and their use for metabolic engineering in general and specifically for improving bioenergy traits. JF - Plant Journal AU - Shih, Patrick M AU - Liang, Yan AU - Loque, Dominique AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emery Station East, 5885 Hollis St, 4th Floor, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 103 EP - 117 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 87 IS - 1 SN - 0960-7412, 0960-7412 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Sugar KW - Food KW - Population growth KW - Transgenes KW - Plant breeding KW - metabolic engineering KW - Transgenic plants KW - Crops KW - Oil KW - lignocellulose KW - Reviews KW - Genetic engineering KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811887772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Journal&rft.atitle=Biotechnology+and+synthetic+biology+approaches+for+metabolic+engineering+of+bioenergy+crops&rft.au=Shih%2C+Patrick+M%3BLiang%2C+Yan%3BLoque%2C+Dominique&rft.aulast=Shih&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Journal&rft.issn=09607412&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Ftpj.13176 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Sugar; Population growth; Food; Transgenes; Plant breeding; metabolic engineering; Crops; Transgenic plants; Oil; lignocellulose; Genetic engineering; Reviews DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13176 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deep Vadose Zone Respiration Contributions to Carbon Dioxide Fluxes from a Semiarid Floodplain AN - 1811885905; PQ0003530740 AB - Although CO2 fluxes from soils are often assumed to originate within shallow soil horizons (<1-m depth), relatively little is known about respiration rates at greater depths. We compared measured and calculated CO2 fluxes at the Rifle floodplain along the Colorado River and measured CO2 production rates of floodplain sediments to determine the relative importance of deeper vadose zone respiration. Calculations based on measured CO2 gradients and estimated effective diffusion coefficients yielded fluxes that are generally consistent with measurements obtained at the soil surface (326 g C m-2 yr-1). Carbon dioxide production from the 2.0- to 3.5-m depth interval was calculated to contribute 17% of the total floodplain respiration, with rates that were larger than some parts of the shallower vadose zone and underlying aquifer. Microbial respiration rates determined from laboratory incubation tests of the sediments support this conclusion. The deeper unsaturated zone typically maintains intermediate water and air saturations, lacks extreme temperatures and salinities, and is annually resupplied with organic carbon from snowmelt-driven recharge and by water table decline. This combination of favorable conditions supports deeper unsaturated zone microbial respiration throughout the year. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Kim, Yongman AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Bill, Markus AU - Hobson, Chad AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Robbins, Mark J AU - Long, Philip E AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Christensen, John N AU - Hubbard, Susan S AD - Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, tktokunaga@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - vzj2016.02.0014 PB - Soil Science Society of America, 677 South Segoe Rd Maxison WI 53711 United States VL - 15 IS - 7 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - DOC, dissolved organic carbon KW - OC, organic carbon KW - Aquifer KW - Aeration Zone KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Respiration KW - Temperature KW - Carbon cycle KW - Sediments KW - Soil Surfaces KW - Flood Plains KW - USA, Colorado R. KW - Salinity KW - Flood plains KW - Soils KW - Microorganisms KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Vadose Water KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811885905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Deep+Vadose+Zone+Respiration+Contributions+to+Carbon+Dioxide+Fluxes+from+a+Semiarid+Floodplain&rft.au=Tokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BKim%2C+Yongman%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BHobson%2C+Chad%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BRobbins%2C+Mark+J%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S&rft.aulast=Tokunaga&rft.aufirst=Tetsu&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=vzj2016.02.0014&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2016.02.0014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifer; Salinity; Flood plains; Biogeochemical cycle; Respiration; Soils; Carbon cycle; Carbon dioxide; Sediments; Flood Plains; Aeration Zone; Temperature; Microorganisms; Vadose Water; Soil Surfaces; Carbon Dioxide; USA, Colorado R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2016.02.0014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an E. coli strain for one-pot biofuel production from ionic liquid pretreated cellulose and switchgrass AN - 1811885598; PQ0003513223 AB - Biological production of chemicals and fuels using microbial transformation of sustainable carbon sources, such as pretreated and saccharified plant biomass, is a multi-step process. Typically, each segment of the workflow is optimized separately, often generating conditions that may not be suitable for integration or consolidation with the upstream or downstream steps. While significant effort has gone into developing solutions to incompatibilities at discrete steps, very few studies report the consolidation of the multi-step workflow into a single pot reactor system. Here we demonstrate a one-pot biofuel production process that uses the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2C1Im][OAc]) for pretreatment of switchgrass biomass. [C2C1Im][OAc] is highly effective in deconstructing lignocellulose, but nonetheless leaves behind residual reagents that are toxic to standard saccharification enzymes and the microbial production host. We report the discovery of an [C2C1Im]-tolerant E. coli strain, where [C2C1Im] tolerance is bestowed by a P7Q mutation in the transcriptional regulator encoded by rcdA. We establish that the causal impact of this mutation is the derepression of a hitherto uncharacterized major facilitator family transporter, YbjJ. To develop the strain for a one-pot process we engineered this [C2C1Im]-tolerant strain to express a recently reported d-limonene production pathway. We also screened previously reported [C2C1Im]-tolerant cellulases to select one that would function with the range of E. coli cultivation conditions and expressed it in the [C2C1Im]-tolerant E. coli strain so as to secrete this [C2C1Im]-tolerant cellulase. The final strain digests pretreated biomass, and uses the liberated sugars to produce the bio-jet fuel candidate precursor d-limonene in a one-pot process. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Frederix, Marijke AU - Mingardon, Florence AU - Hu, Matthew AU - Sun, Ning AU - Pray, Todd AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute; Emeryville; CA; USA Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 4189 EP - 4197 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 15 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Transformation KW - Fuel technology KW - Fuels KW - Cellulose KW - Carbon sources KW - Cellulase KW - Integration KW - Escherichia coli KW - Upstream KW - Plant biomass KW - Downstream KW - Sugar KW - Limonene KW - Derepression KW - Leaves KW - Enzymes KW - Transcription KW - Biomass KW - Acetic acid KW - lignocellulose KW - Green development KW - Mutation KW - Biofuels KW - Cultivation KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811885598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+E.+coli+strain+for+one-pot+biofuel+production+from+ionic+liquid+pretreated+cellulose+and+switchgrass&rft.au=Frederix%2C+Marijke%3BMingardon%2C+Florence%3BHu%2C+Matthew%3BSun%2C+Ning%3BPray%2C+Todd%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+Aindrila&rft.aulast=Frederix&rft.aufirst=Marijke&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=4189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6gc00642f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; Sugar; Limonene; Fuels; Cellulose; Leaves; Derepression; Transcription; Enzymes; Carbon sources; Biomass; Acetic acid; Cellulase; lignocellulose; Integration; Mutation; Biofuels; Chemicals; Fuel technology; Green development; Upstream; Downstream; Plant biomass; Cultivation; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc00642f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The downside risk of climate change in California's Central Valley agricultural sector AN - 1808726942; PQ0003318416 AB - Downscaled climate change projections for California, when translated into changes in irrigation water delivery and then into profit from agriculture in the Central Valley, show an increase in conventional measures of variability such as the variance. However, these increases are modest and mask a more pronounced increase in downside risk, defined as the probability of unfavorable outcomes of water supply or profit. This paper describes the concept of downside risk and measures it as it applies to outcomes for Central Valley agriculture projected under four climate change scenarios. We compare the effect of downside risk aversion versus conventional risk aversion or risk neutrality when assessing the impact of climate change on the profitability of Central Valley agriculture. We find that, when downside risk is considered, the assessment of losses due to climate change increases substantially. JF - Climatic Change AU - Hanemann, Michael AU - Sayre, Susan Stratton AU - Dale, Larry AD - Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA, lldale@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 15 EP - 27 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 137 IS - 1-2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Agriculture KW - Irrigation water KW - Variability KW - Climate change KW - Water Supply KW - Water supplies KW - Risks KW - Risk aversion KW - INE, USA, California KW - Economics KW - Cost analysis KW - Profits KW - Irrigation KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Water supply KW - Irrigation Water KW - USA, California, Central Valley KW - Climate change scenarios KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - SW 0810:General KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808726942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+downside+risk+of+climate+change+in+California%27s+Central+Valley+agricultural+sector&rft.au=Hanemann%2C+Michael%3BSayre%2C+Susan+Stratton%3BDale%2C+Larry&rft.aulast=Hanemann&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-016-1651-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Irrigation water; Cost analysis; Climate change; Ecosystem disturbance; Risks; Water supply; Agriculture; Irrigation; Climate change scenarios; Risk aversion; Risk assessment; Economics; Profits; Water supplies; Variability; Water Supply; Irrigation Water; INE, USA, California; USA, California, Central Valley DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1651-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Switchable ionic liquids based on di-carboxylic acids for one-pot conversion of biomass to an advanced biofuel AN - 1808679862; PQ0003464127 AB - Certain ionic liquids have recently been developed as effective solvents for biomass pretreatment, but their adoption has been limited due to availability, production costs, and inhibitory effects on conventional enzymes and microorganisms. We describe here a novel class of ionic liquids based on di-carboxylic acids that have high pretreatment efficiency and are compatible with both commercial enzyme mixtures and microbial fermentation host organisms. This system takes advantage of the two ionization states of di-carboxylic acids to switch from a basic solution that pretreats biomass effectively to an acidic solution with conditions favorable for cellulases and back again for the next round of pretreatment. Lab-scale reactions show 90% conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars using commercial enzyme mixtures in a one-pot process. We then demonstrate E. coli fermentation of the resulting crude hydrolysate to produce isopentenol without removal of the ionic liquid or inhibitors prior to fermentation. This new process yields high biomass conversion and eliminates several technical and economic problems associated with current ionic liquid-based processes. Our preliminary techno-economic analysis (TEA) suggests biorefineries designed to use these switchable ILs can reduce the minimum selling price (MSP) of their biofuel by more than $1 gal-1 relative to biorefineries utilizing traditional ILs (e.g., [C2C1Im][OAc]) that have been shown to be very effective at pretreatment but inhibit downstream saccharification and fermentation processes, requiring extensive washing of the pretreated biomass. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Liszka, Michael J AU - Kang, Aram AU - Konda, NVSNMurthy AU - Tran, Kim AU - Gladden, John M AU - Singh, Seema AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Scown, Corinne D AU - Lee, Taek Soon AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Sale, Kenneth L AD - Joint Bioenergy Institute; 5885 Hollis Street; Emeryville; CA 94608; USA Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 4012 EP - 4021 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 18 IS - 14 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Fermentation KW - Adoption KW - Cellulase KW - Tea KW - Economics KW - Escherichia coli KW - Downstream KW - Tetraethylammonium KW - Hydrolysates KW - Sugar KW - Solvents KW - Enzymes KW - Production costs KW - Biomass KW - Acids KW - Green development KW - Microorganisms KW - Ionization KW - Biofuels KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808679862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Switchable+ionic+liquids+based+on+di-carboxylic+acids+for+one-pot+conversion+of+biomass+to+an+advanced+biofuel&rft.au=Liszka%2C+Michael+J%3BKang%2C+Aram%3BKonda%2C+NVSNMurthy%3BTran%2C+Kim%3BGladden%2C+John+M%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BScown%2C+Corinne+D%3BLee%2C+Taek+Soon%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSale%2C+Kenneth+L&rft.aulast=Liszka&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=4012&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc6gc00657d LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Fermentation; Solvents; Enzymes; Adoption; Biomass; Cellulase; Acids; Economics; Microorganisms; Tetraethylammonium; Ionization; Biofuels; Hydrolysates; Fuel technology; Tea; Green development; Production costs; Downstream; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc00657d ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome-wide selective sweeps and gene-specific sweeps in natural bacterial populations AN - 1808632467; PQ0003329012 AB - Multiple models describe the formation and evolution of distinct microbial phylogenetic groups. These evolutionary models make different predictions regarding how adaptive alleles spread through populations and how genetic diversity is maintained. Processes predicted by competing evolutionary models, for example, genome-wide selective sweeps vs gene-specific sweeps, could be captured in natural populations using time-series metagenomics if the approach were applied over a sufficiently long time frame. Direct observations of either process would help resolve how distinct microbial groups evolve. Here, from a 9-year metagenomic study of a freshwater lake (2005-2013), we explore changes in single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) frequencies and patterns of gene gain and loss in 30 bacterial populations. SNP analyses revealed substantial genetic heterogeneity within these populations, although the degree of heterogeneity varied by >1000-fold among populations. SNP allele frequencies also changed dramatically over time within some populations. Interestingly, nearly all SNP variants were slowly purged over several years from one population of green sulfur bacteria, while at the same time multiple genes either swept through or were lost from this population. These patterns were consistent with a genome-wide selective sweep in progress, a process predicted by the 'ecotype model' of speciation but not previously observed in nature. In contrast, other populations contained large, SNP-free genomic regions that appear to have swept independently through the populations prior to the study without purging diversity elsewhere in the genome. Evidence for both genome-wide and gene-specific sweeps suggests that different models of bacterial speciation may apply to different populations coexisting in the same environment. JF - ISME Journal AU - Bendall, Matthew L AU - Stevens, Sarah LR AU - Chan, Leong-Keat AU - Malfatti, Stephanie AU - Schwientek, Patrick AU - Tremblay, Julien AU - Schackwitz, Wendy AU - Martin, Joel AU - Pati, Amrita AU - Bushnell, Brian AU - Froula, Jeff AU - Kang, Dongwan AU - Tringe, Susannah G AU - Bertilsson, Stefan AU - Moran, Mary A AU - Shade, Ashley AU - Newton, Ryan J AU - McMahon, Katherine D AU - Malmstrom, Rex R AD - DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 1589 EP - 1601 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 10 IS - 7 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Sulfur KW - Phylogeny KW - Genomes KW - Bacteria KW - Speciation KW - Freshwater lakes KW - Freshwater environments KW - green sulfur bacteria KW - Genetic diversity KW - Time series analysis KW - Models KW - Population genetics KW - Lakes KW - Ecotypes KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Natural populations KW - Gene frequency KW - genomics KW - Evolution KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 19:Water Pollution KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808632467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Genome-wide+selective+sweeps+and+gene-specific+sweeps+in+natural+bacterial+populations&rft.au=Bendall%2C+Matthew+L%3BStevens%2C+Sarah+LR%3BChan%2C+Leong-Keat%3BMalfatti%2C+Stephanie%3BSchwientek%2C+Patrick%3BTremblay%2C+Julien%3BSchackwitz%2C+Wendy%3BMartin%2C+Joel%3BPati%2C+Amrita%3BBushnell%2C+Brian%3BFroula%2C+Jeff%3BKang%2C+Dongwan%3BTringe%2C+Susannah+G%3BBertilsson%2C+Stefan%3BMoran%2C+Mary+A%3BShade%2C+Ashley%3BNewton%2C+Ryan+J%3BMcMahon%2C+Katherine+D%3BMalmstrom%2C+Rex+R&rft.aulast=Bendall&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2015.241 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Phylogeny; Speciation; Freshwater environments; green sulfur bacteria; Genetic diversity; Models; Population genetics; Lakes; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Ecotypes; Gene frequency; genomics; Evolution; Sulfur; Prediction; Freshwater lakes; Natural populations; Time series analysis; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.241 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suppressive action of miRNAs to ARP2/3 complex reduces cell migration and proliferation via RAC isoforms in Hirschsprung disease. AN - 1801428158; 26991540 AB - Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder caused by the defective function of the embryonic enteric neural crest. The impaired migration of embryonic enteric neural crest plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Recent studies showed that the ARP2/3 complex and RAC isoforms had effects on actin cytoskeleton remodelling, which contributes to migration. Moreover, some regulatory relationships were identified between ARP2/3 complex and RAC isoforms. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) have been known to modulate target gene expression on the post-transcriptional level, little is known about the regulation among miRNAs, ARP2/3 complex and RAC isoforms. Here, we report that down-regulation of ARP2 and ARP3, two main subunits of ARP2/3 complex, suppressed migration and proliferation in 293T and SH-SY5Y cell lines via the inhibition of RAC1 and RAC2. Meanwhile, as the target genes, ARP2 and ARP3 are reduced by increased miR-24-1* and let-7a*, respectively, in 70 HSCR samples as compared with 74 normal controls. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that aberrant reduction in ARP2 and ARP3 could weaken the function of ARP2/3 complex. Our study demonstrates that the miR-24-1*/let-7a*-ARP2/3 complex-RAC isoforms pathway may represent a novel pathogenic mechanism for HSCR. JF - Journal of cellular and molecular medicine AU - Tang, Weibing AU - Cai, Peng AU - Huo, Weiwei AU - Li, Hongxing AU - Tang, Junwei AU - Zhu, Dongmei AU - Xie, Hua AU - Chen, Pingfa AU - Hang, Bo AU - Wang, Shouyu AU - Xia, Yankai AD - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. ; Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. ; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - July 2016 SP - 1266 EP - 1275 VL - 20 IS - 7 KW - Index Medicus KW - ARP2/3 complex KW - gene regulation KW - Hirschsprung disease KW - microRNA KW - RAC isoforms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1801428158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+cellular+and+molecular+medicine&rft.atitle=Suppressive+action+of+miRNAs+to+ARP2%2F3+complex+reduces+cell+migration+and+proliferation+via+RAC+isoforms+in+Hirschsprung+disease.&rft.au=Tang%2C+Weibing%3BCai%2C+Peng%3BHuo%2C+Weiwei%3BLi%2C+Hongxing%3BTang%2C+Junwei%3BZhu%2C+Dongmei%3BXie%2C+Hua%3BChen%2C+Pingfa%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BWang%2C+Shouyu%3BXia%2C+Yankai&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=Weibing&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+cellular+and+molecular+medicine&rft.issn=1582-4934&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fjcmm.12799 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-07-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - BK20131388; GENBANK N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.12799 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tobacco toxins deposited on surfaces (third hand smoke) impair wound healing. AN - 1797256363; 27129193 AB - Third hand smoke (THS) is the accumulation of second hand smoke (SHS) toxins on surfaces in homes, cars, clothing and hair of smokers. It is known that 88M US nonsmokers ≥3 years old living in homes of smokers are exposed to THS toxicants and show blood cotinine levels of ≥0.05 ng/ml, indicating that the toxins are circulating in their circulatory systems. The goal of the present study is to investigate the mechanisms by which THS causes impaired wound healing. We show that mice living under conditions that mimic THS exposure in humans display delayed wound closure, impaired collagen deposition, altered inflammatory response, decreased angiogenesis, microvessels with fibrin cuffs and a highly proteolytic wound environment. Moreover, THS-exposed mouse wounds have high levels of oxidative stress and significantly lower levels of antioxidant activity leading to molecular damage, including protein nitration, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage that contribute to tissue dysfunction. Furthermore, we show that elastase is elevated, suggesting that elastin is degraded and the plasticity of the wound tissue is decreased. Taken together, our results lead us to conclude that THS toxicants delay and impair wound healing by disrupting the sequential processes that lead to normal healing. In addition, the lack of elastin results in loss of wound plasticity, which may be responsible for reopening of wounds. JF - Clinical science (London, England : 1979) AU - Dhall, Sandeep AU - Alamat, Raquelle AU - Castro, Anthony AU - Sarker, Altaf H AU - Mao, Jian-Hua AU - Chan, Alex AU - Hang, Bo AU - Martins-Green, Manuela AD - Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A. ; Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A. ; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A. manuela.martins@ucr.edu. Y1 - 2016/07/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jul 01 SP - 1269 EP - 1284 VL - 130 IS - 14 KW - Index Medicus KW - DNA damage KW - inflammation KW - cytokine KW - angiogenesis KW - toxicants KW - reactive oxygen species and antioxidants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797256363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+science+%28London%2C+England+%3A+1979%29&rft.atitle=Tobacco+toxins+deposited+on+surfaces+%28third+hand+smoke%29+impair+wound+healing.&rft.au=Dhall%2C+Sandeep%3BAlamat%2C+Raquelle%3BCastro%2C+Anthony%3BSarker%2C+Altaf+H%3BMao%2C+Jian-Hua%3BChan%2C+Alex%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BMartins-Green%2C+Manuela&rft.aulast=Dhall&rft.aufirst=Sandeep&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+science+%28London%2C+England+%3A+1979%29&rft.issn=1470-8736&rft_id=info:doi/10.1042%2FCS20160236 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-06-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/CS20160236 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Significance of the School Physical Environment - A Commentary AN - 1793125194 JF - The Journal of School Health AU - Fisk, William J AU - Paulson, Jerome A AU - Kolbe, Lloyd J AU - Barnett, Claire L AD - Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA ; Pediatrics and Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences and George Washington, University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Alexandria, VA ; Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health, Vero Beach, FL ; Healthy Schools Network, Albany, NY Y1 - 2016/07// PY - 2016 DA - Jul 2016 SP - 483 EP - 487 CY - Kent PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc. VL - 86 IS - 7 SN - 0022-4391 KW - Physical Fitness And Hygiene KW - Built environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793125194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+School+Health&rft.atitle=Significance+of+the+School+Physical+Environment+-+A+Commentary&rft.au=Fisk%2C+William+J%3BPaulson%2C+Jerome+A%3BKolbe%2C+Lloyd+J%3BBarnett%2C+Claire+L&rft.aulast=Fisk&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+School+Health&rft.issn=00224391&rft_id=info:doi/10.3969%2Fj.issn.1002-6819.2014.14.030 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Copyright - © 2016, American School Health Association N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josh.12400 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compressional residual stress in Bastogne boudins revealed by synchrotron X-ray microdiffraction AN - 1815668006; 2016-076418 AB - Lattice distortions in crystals can be mapped at the micron scale using synchrotron X-ray Laue microdiffraction (mu XRD). From lattice distortions the shape and orientation of the elastic strain tensor can be derived and interpreted in terms of residual stress. Here we apply the new method to vein quartz from the original boudinage locality at Bastogne, Belgium. A long-standing debate surrounds the kinematics of the Bastogne boudins. The mu XRD measurements reveal a shortening residual elastic strain, perpendicular to the vein wall, corroborating the model that the Bastogne boudins formed by layer-parallel shortening and not by layer-parallel extension, as is in the geological community generally inferred by the process of boudinage. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Chen, Kai AU - Kunz, Martin AU - Li, Yao AU - Zepeda-Alarcon, Eloisa AU - Sintubin, Manuel AU - Wenk, Hans-Rudolf Y1 - 2016/06/28/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jun 28 SP - 6178 EP - 6185 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 43 IS - 12 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - silicates KW - Laue X-ray microdiffraction analysis KW - lattice KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - strain KW - silica minerals KW - data processing KW - unit cell KW - Europe KW - crystal structure KW - calibration KW - thin sections KW - elastic strain KW - synchrotron radiation KW - Hooke's law KW - distortion KW - boudinage KW - grain boundaries KW - framework silicates KW - compression KW - Wallonia Belgium KW - orientation KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - structural analysis KW - stress KW - stress fields KW - deformation KW - veins KW - Ardennes KW - samples KW - Luxembourg Belgium KW - two-dimensional models KW - measurement KW - geometry KW - quartz veins KW - kinematics KW - single-crystal method KW - Belgium KW - quartz KW - lattice parameters KW - Bastogne Belgium KW - crystallography KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815668006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Compressional+residual+stress+in+Bastogne+boudins+revealed+by+synchrotron+X-ray+microdiffraction&rft.au=Chen%2C+Kai%3BKunz%2C+Martin%3BLi%2C+Yao%3BZepeda-Alarcon%2C+Eloisa%3BSintubin%2C+Manuel%3BWenk%2C+Hans-Rudolf&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Kai&rft.date=2016-06-28&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=6178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2016GL069236 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291944-8007/issues LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ardennes; Bastogne Belgium; Belgium; boudinage; calibration; compression; crystal structure; crystallography; data processing; deformation; distortion; elastic strain; Europe; experimental studies; framework silicates; geometry; grain boundaries; Hooke's law; kinematics; lattice; lattice parameters; Laue X-ray microdiffraction analysis; Luxembourg Belgium; measurement; orientation; quartz; quartz veins; samples; silica minerals; silicates; single-crystal method; strain; stress; stress fields; structural analysis; synchrotron radiation; thin sections; two-dimensional models; unit cell; veins; Wallonia Belgium; Western Europe; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069236 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative Tagless Copurification: A Method to Validate and Identify Protein-Protein Interactions AN - 1808671606; PQ0003461007 AB - Identifying protein-protein interactions (PPIs) at an acceptable false discovery rate (FDR) is challenging. Previously we identified several hundred PPIs from affinity purification - mass spectrometry (AP-MS) data for the bacteria Escherichia coli and Desulfovibrio vulgaris. These two interactomes have lower FDRs than any of the nine interactomes proposed previously for bacteria and are more enriched in PPIs validated by other data than the nine earlier interactomes. To more thoroughly determine the accuracy of ours or other interactomes and to discover further PPIs de novo, here we present a quantitative tagless method that employs iTRAQ MS to measure the copurification of endogenous proteins through orthogonal chromatography steps. 5273 fractions from a four-step fractionation of a D. vulgaris protein extract were assayed, resulting in the detection of 1242 proteins. Protein partners from our D. vulgaris and E. coli AP-MS interactomes copurify as frequently as pairs belonging to three benchmark data sets of well-characterized PPIs. In contrast, the protein pairs from the nine other bacterial interactomes copurify two- to 20-fold less often. We also identify 200 high confidence D. vulgaris PPIs based on tagless copurification and colocalization in the genome. These PPIs are as strongly validated by other data as our AP-MS interactomes and overlap with our AP-MS interactome for D.vulgaris within 3% of expectation, once FDRs and false negative rates are taken into account. Finally, we reanalyzed data from two quantitative tagless screens of human cell extracts. We estimate that the novel PPIs reported in these studies have an FDR of at least 85% and find that less than 7% of the novel PPIs identified in each screen overlap. Our results establish that a quantitative tagless method can be used to validate and identify PPIs, but that such data must be analyzed carefully to minimize the FDR. JF - Molecular and Cellular Proteomics AU - Shatsky, Maxim AU - Dong, Ming AU - Liu, Haichuan AU - Yang, Lee Lisheng AU - Choi, Megan AU - Singer, Mary E AU - Geller, Jil T AU - Fisher, Susan J AU - Hall, Steven C AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Brenner, Steven E AU - Butland, Gareth AU - Jin, Jian AU - Witkowska, HEwa AU - Chandonia, John-Marc AU - Biggin, Mark D AD - From the Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; , mdbiggin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/06/20/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jun 20 SP - 2186 EP - 2202 PB - American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3996 United States VL - 15 IS - 6 SN - 1535-9476, 1535-9476 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Data processing KW - Chromatography KW - Escherichia coli KW - proteomics KW - Desulfovibrio vulgaris KW - Protein interaction KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808671606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.atitle=Quantitative+Tagless+Copurification%3A+A+Method+to+Validate+and+Identify+Protein-Protein+Interactions&rft.au=Shatsky%2C+Maxim%3BDong%2C+Ming%3BLiu%2C+Haichuan%3BYang%2C+Lee+Lisheng%3BChoi%2C+Megan%3BSinger%2C+Mary+E%3BGeller%2C+Jil+T%3BFisher%2C+Susan+J%3BHall%2C+Steven+C%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BBrenner%2C+Steven+E%3BButland%2C+Gareth%3BJin%2C+Jian%3BWitkowska%2C+HEwa%3BChandonia%2C+John-Marc%3BBiggin%2C+Mark+D&rft.aulast=Shatsky&rft.aufirst=Maxim&rft.date=2016-06-20&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+Cellular+Proteomics&rft.issn=15359476&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fmcp.M115.057117 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Data processing; Chromatography; proteomics; Mass spectroscopy; Protein interaction; Escherichia coli; Desulfovibrio vulgaris DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M115.057117 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ diagnostics of the crystal-growth process through neutron imaging; application to scintillators AN - 1832656877; 779142-3 AB - Neutrons are known to be unique probes in situations where other types of radiation fail to penetrate samples and their surrounding structures. In this paper it is demonstrated how thermal and cold neutron radiography can provide time-resolved imaging of materials while they are being processed (e.g. while growing single crystals). The processing equipment, in this case furnaces, and the scintillator materials are opaque to conventional X-ray interrogation techniques. The distribution of the europium activator within a BaBrCl:Eu scintillator (0.1 and 0.5% nominal doping concentrations per mole) is studied in situ during the melting and solidification processes with a temporal resolution of 5-7&U+2005;s. The strong tendency of the Eu dopant to segregate during the solidification process is observed in repeated cycles, with Eu forming clusters on multiple length scales (only for clusters larger than approximately 50&U+2005;mu m, as limited by the resolution of the present experiments). It is also demonstrated that the dopant concentration can be quantified even for very low concentration levels ( approximately 0.1%) in 10&U+2005;mm thick samples. The interface between the solid and liquid phases can also be imaged, provided there is a sufficient change in concentration of one of the elements with a sufficient neutron attenuation cross section. Tomographic imaging of the BaBrCl:0.1%Eu sample reveals a strong correlation between crystal fractures and Eu-deficient clusters. The results of these experiments demonstrate the unique capabilities of neutron imaging for in situ diagnostics and the optimization of crystal-growth procedures. Abstract Copyright Anton S. Tremsin et al. 2016. JF - Journal of Applied Crystallography AU - Tremsin, Anton S AU - Makowska, Malgorzata G AU - Perrodin, Didier AU - Shalapska, Tetiana AU - Khodyuk, Ivan V AU - Trtik, Pavel AU - Boillat, Pierre AU - Vogel, Sven C AU - Losko, Adrian S AU - Strobl, Markus AU - Kuhn, L Theil AU - Bizarri, Gregory A AU - Bourret-Courchesne, Edith D Y1 - 2016/06/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jun 01 SP - 743 EP - 755 PB - Munksgaard, Copenhagen VL - 49 IS - 3 SN - 0021-8898, 0021-8898 KW - tomography KW - scintillators KW - liquid phase KW - experimental studies KW - chemical analysis KW - in situ KW - crystal growth KW - defects KW - non-detructive methods KW - solid phase KW - radiography KW - neutron imaging KW - neutrons KW - interfaces KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832656877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Crystallography&rft.atitle=In+situ+diagnostics+of+the+crystal-growth+process+through+neutron+imaging%3B+application+to+scintillators&rft.au=Tremsin%2C+Anton+S%3BMakowska%2C+Malgorzata+G%3BPerrodin%2C+Didier%3BShalapska%2C+Tetiana%3BKhodyuk%2C+Ivan+V%3BTrtik%2C+Pavel%3BBoillat%2C+Pierre%3BVogel%2C+Sven+C%3BLosko%2C+Adrian+S%3BStrobl%2C+Markus%3BKuhn%2C+L+Theil%3BBizarri%2C+Gregory+A%3BBourret-Courchesne%2C+Edith+D&rft.aulast=Tremsin&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Crystallography&rft.issn=00218898&rft_id=info:doi/10.1107%2FS1600576716004350 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - JACGAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical analysis; crystal growth; defects; experimental studies; in situ; interfaces; liquid phase; neutron imaging; neutrons; non-detructive methods; radiography; scintillators; solid phase; tomography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600576716004350 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ni-phyllosilicates (garnierites) from the Falcondo Ni-laterite deposit (Dominican Republic); mineralogy, nanotextures, and formation mechanisms by HRTEM and AEM AN - 1819895745; 2016-079207 AB - Ni-bearing magnesium phyllosilicates (garnierites) are significant Ni ores in Ni-laterites worldwide. The present paper reports a detailed TEM investigation of garnierites from the Falcondo Ni-laterite deposit (Dominican Republic). Different types of garnierites have been recognized, usually consisting of mixtures between serpentine and talc-like phases that display a wide range of textures at the nanometer scale. In particular, chrysotile tubes, polygonal serpentine, and lizardite lamellae are intergrown with less crystalline, talc-like lamellae. Samples consisting uniquely of talc-like and of sepiolite-falcondoite were also observed, occurring as distinctive thin lamellae and long ribbon-shaped fibers, respectively. HRTEM imaging indicates that serpentine is replaced by the talc-like phase, whereas TEM-AEM data show preferential concentration of Ni in the talc-like phase. We suggest, therefore, that the crystallization of Ni-bearing phyllosilicates is associated with an increase in the silica activity of the system, promoting the replacement of the Ni-poor serpentine by the Ni-enriched talc-like phase. These results have interesting implications in material science, as garnierites are natural analogs of Ni-bearing phyllosilicate-supported synthetic catalysts. Finally, SAED and HRTEM suggest that the Ni-bearing talc-like phase corresponds to a variety of talc with extra water, showing larger d (sub 001) than talc (i.e., 9.2-9.7 A), described as "kerolite"-"pimelite" in clay mineral literature. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Villanova de Benavent, Cristina AU - Nieto, Fernando AU - Viti, Cecilia AU - Proenza, Joaquin A AU - Gali, Salvador AU - Roque-Rosell, Josep Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 1460 EP - 1473 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 101 IS - 6 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - serpentine KW - Greater Antilles KW - garnierite KW - cerolite KW - sepiolite KW - chrysotile KW - mineral composition KW - serpentine group KW - talc KW - soils KW - lizardite KW - high-resolution methods KW - Hispaniola KW - textures KW - West Indies KW - electron microscopy data KW - Caribbean region KW - TEM data KW - Antilles KW - nickel ores KW - metal ores KW - pimelite KW - Dominican Republic KW - sheet silicates KW - Falcondo Deposit KW - nanoparticles KW - laterites KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819895745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Ni-phyllosilicates+%28garnierites%29+from+the+Falcondo+Ni-laterite+deposit+%28Dominican+Republic%29%3B+mineralogy%2C+nanotextures%2C+and+formation+mechanisms+by+HRTEM+and+AEM&rft.au=Villanova+de+Benavent%2C+Cristina%3BNieto%2C+Fernando%3BViti%2C+Cecilia%3BProenza%2C+Joaquin+A%3BGali%2C+Salvador%3BRoque-Rosell%2C+Josep&rft.aulast=Villanova+de+Benavent&rft.aufirst=Cristina&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2016-5518 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antilles; Caribbean region; cerolite; chrysotile; Dominican Republic; electron microscopy data; Falcondo Deposit; garnierite; Greater Antilles; high-resolution methods; Hispaniola; laterites; lizardite; metal ores; mineral composition; nanoparticles; nickel ores; pimelite; sepiolite; serpentine; serpentine group; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; talc; TEM data; textures; West Indies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5518 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells AN - 1808740647; PQ0003355161 AB - This protocol describes a method for CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing that results in scarless and marker-free integrations of DNA into Saccharomyces cerevisiae genomes. DNA integration results from cotransforming (1) a single plasmid (pCAS) that coexpresses the Cas9 endonuclease and a uniquely engineered single guide RNA (sgRNA) expression cassette and (2) a linear DNA molecule that is used to repair the chromosomal DNA damage by homology-directed repair. For target specificity, the pCAS plasmid requires only a single cloning modification: replacing the 20-bp guide RNA sequence within the sgRNA cassette. This CRISPR-Cas9 protocol includes methods for (1) cloning the unique target sequence into pCAS, (2) assembly of the double-stranded DNA repair oligonucleotides, and (3) cotransformation of pCAS and linear repair DNA into yeast cells. The protocol is technically facile and requires no special equipment. It can be used in any S. cerevisiae strain, including industrial polyploid isolates. Therefore, this CRISPR-Cas9-based DNA integration protocol is achievable by virtually any yeast genetics and molecular biology laboratory. JF - Cold Spring Harbor Protocols AU - Ryan, Owen W AU - Poddar, Snigdha AU - Cate, Jamie HD AD - Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, jcate@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 PB - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Fulfillment & Distribution Dept. Woodbury NY 11797-2924 United States IS - 6 SN - 1940-3402, 1940-3402 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Integration KW - DNA damage KW - Polyploidy KW - RNA KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Plasmids KW - DNA repair KW - Endonuclease KW - Oligonucleotides KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808740647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cold+Spring+Harbor+Protocols&rft.atitle=CRISPR-Cas9+Genome+Engineering+in+Saccharomyces+cerevisiae+Cells&rft.au=Ryan%2C+Owen+W%3BPoddar%2C+Snigdha%3BCate%2C+Jamie+HD&rft.aulast=Ryan&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cold+Spring+Harbor+Protocols&rft.issn=19403402&rft_id=info:doi/10.1101%2Fpdb.prot086827 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; DNA damage; Integration; Polyploidy; RNA; Nucleotide sequence; Endonuclease; DNA repair; Plasmids; Oligonucleotides; Saccharomyces cerevisiae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot086827 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Individual variations in dose response for spatial memory learning among outbred wistar rats exposed from 5 to 20 cGy of super(56)Fe particles AN - 1808710813; PQ0003308390 AB - Exposures of brain tissue to ionizing radiation can lead to persistent deficits in cognitive functions and behaviors. However, little is known about the quantitative relationships between exposure dose and neurological risks, especially for lower doses and among genetically diverse individuals. We investigated the dose relationship for spatial memory learning among genetically outbred male Wistar rats exposed to graded doses of super(56)Fe particles (sham, 5, 10, 15, and 20 cGy; 1 GeV/n). Spatial memory learning was assessed on a Barnes maze using REL3 ratios measured at three months after exposure. Irradiated animals showed dose-dependent declines in spatial memory learning that were fit by a linear regression (P for slope <0.0002). The irradiated animals showed significantly impaired learning at 10 cGy exposures, no detectable learning between 10 and 15 cGy, and worsened performances between 15 and 20 cGy. The proportions of poor learners and the magnitude of their impairment were fit by linear regressions with doubling doses of 10 cGy. In contrast, there were no detectable deficits in learning among the good learners in this dose range. Our findings suggest that genetically diverse individuals can vary substantially in their spatial memory learning, and that exposures at low doses appear to preferentially impact poor learners. This hypothesis invites future investigations of the genetic and physiological mechanisms of inter-individual variations in brain function related to spatial memory learning after low-dose HZE radiation exposures and to determine whether it also applies to physical trauma to brain tissue and exposures to chemical neurotoxicants. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 57:331-340, 2016. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Wyrobek, Andrew J AU - Britten, Richard A AD - Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 331 EP - 340 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 57 IS - 5 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Rats KW - Risk assessment KW - Mutagens KW - Education KW - Radiation KW - Cognitive ability KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Physiology KW - Brain KW - Particulates KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808710813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Individual+variations+in+dose+response+for+spatial+memory+learning+among+outbred+wistar+rats+exposed+from+5+to+20+cGy+of+super%2856%29Fe+particles&rft.au=Wyrobek%2C+Andrew+J%3BBritten%2C+Richard+A&rft.aulast=Wyrobek&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fem.22018 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Rats; Mutagens; Education; Radiation; Cognitive ability; Ionizing radiation; Physiology; Neurotoxicity; Brain; Particulates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.22018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiome Data Science: Understanding Our Microbial Planet AN - 1808641178; PQ0003165162 AB - Microbiology is experiencing a revolution brought on by recent developments in sequencing technology. The unprecedented volume of microbiome data being generated poses significant challenges that are currently hindering progress in the field. Here, we outline the major bottlenecks and propose a vision to advance microbiome research as a data-driven science. JF - Trends in Microbiology AU - Kyrpides, Nikos C AU - Eloe-Fadrosh, Emiley A AU - Ivanova, Natalia N AD - Prokaryotic Super Program, Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 425 EP - 427 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 24 IS - 6 SN - 0966-842X, 0966-842X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - microbiome KW - metagenomics KW - data science KW - data integration KW - data standards KW - data interoperability KW - Data processing KW - Vision KW - Reviews KW - A 01490:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808641178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Microbiome+Data+Science%3A+Understanding+Our+Microbial+Planet&rft.au=Kyrpides%2C+Nikos+C%3BEloe-Fadrosh%2C+Emiley+A%3BIvanova%2C+Natalia+N&rft.aulast=Kyrpides&rft.aufirst=Nikos&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Microbiology&rft.issn=0966842X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tim.2016.02.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Vision; Reviews DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2016.02.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward 20 T magnetic resonance for human brain studies: opportunities for discovery and neuroscience rationale AN - 1808619578; PQ0003246576 AB - An initiative to design and build magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) instruments at 14 T and beyond to 20 T has been underway since 2012. This initiative has been supported by 22 interested participants from the USA and Europe, of which 15 are authors of this review. Advances in high temperature superconductor materials, advances in cryocooling engineering, prospects for non-persistent mode stable magnets, and experiences gained from large-bore, high-field magnet engineering for the nuclear fusion endeavors support the feasibility of a human brain MRI and MRS system with 1 ppm homogeneity over at least a 16-cm diameter volume and a bore size of 68 cm. Twelve neuroscience opportunities are presented as well as an analysis of the biophysical and physiological effects to be investigated before exposing human subjects to the high fields of 14 T and beyond. JF - Magnetic Resonance Materials in Biology, Physics, and Medicine AU - Budinger, Thomas F AU - Bird, Mark D AU - Frydman, Lucio AU - Long, Joanna R AU - Mareci, Thomas H AU - Rooney, William D AU - Rosen, Bruce AU - Schenck, John F AU - Schepkin, Victor D AU - Sherry, ADean AU - Sodickson, Daniel K AU - Springer, Charles S AU - Thulborn, Keith R AU - Uurbil, Kamil AU - Wald, Lawrence L AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, tfbudinger@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 617 EP - 639 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0968-5243, 0968-5243 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Nervous system KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - Brain KW - N.M.R. KW - Spectroscopy KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808619578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magnetic+Resonance+Materials+in+Biology%2C+Physics%2C+and+Medicine&rft.atitle=Toward+20+T+magnetic+resonance+for+human+brain+studies%3A+opportunities+for+discovery+and+neuroscience+rationale&rft.au=Budinger%2C+Thomas+F%3BBird%2C+Mark+D%3BFrydman%2C+Lucio%3BLong%2C+Joanna+R%3BMareci%2C+Thomas+H%3BRooney%2C+William+D%3BRosen%2C+Bruce%3BSchenck%2C+John+F%3BSchepkin%2C+Victor+D%3BSherry%2C+ADean%3BSodickson%2C+Daniel+K%3BSpringer%2C+Charles+S%3BThulborn%2C+Keith+R%3BUurbil%2C+Kamil%3BWald%2C+Lawrence+L&rft.aulast=Budinger&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Magnetic+Resonance+Materials+in+Biology%2C+Physics%2C+and+Medicine&rft.issn=09685243&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10334-016-0561-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 142 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Nervous system; Magnetic resonance imaging; Brain; N.M.R.; Spectroscopy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10334-016-0561-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing long-term strategies to reduce energy use and CO sub(2) emissions-analysis of three mitigation scenarios for iron and steel production in China AN - 1808617190; PQ0003285975 AB - We perform a scenario analysis of three strategies for long-term energy savings and carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) emission reductions in iron and steel production in China, using a linear optimization modeling framework industry sector energy efficiency modeling (ISEEM). The modeling includes annual projections for one base scenario representing business-as-usual (BAU) and three additional scenarios representing different strategies to reduce annual energy use and CO sub(2) emissions from 2010 to 2050. Specifically, the three scenarios for cost-optimization modeling include changing the production share (PS), predefining emission reduction (ER) target, and stipulating carbon emission pricing (CP), respectively. While the three strategies are projected to result in similar annual energy savings by approximately 15 % compared to that of the BAU scenario in year 2050, the carbon emission pricing strategy brings about the highest annual energy savings in the medium term (e.g., 2025). In addition, adopting carbon emission pricing strategy will result in the highest emission reduction from BAU with much higher costs, i.e., by 20 % in 2025 and 41 % in 2050, while adopting either PS or ER strategies will result in a moderate level of emission reduction from BAU, i.e., by approximately 4 % in 2025 and 14 % in 2050. The analysis of China's national strategies to reduce energy use and emissions provides important implications for global mitigation strategies. JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Karali, Nihan AU - Xu, Tengfang AU - Sathaye, Jayant AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 90R2000, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, timxu818@gmail.com Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 699 EP - 719 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts KW - Mitigation KW - Pricing KW - Costs KW - Carbon KW - Emissions KW - Adaptation KW - Steel KW - Energy efficiency KW - Adaptations KW - Energy conservation KW - Emission control KW - Energy consumption KW - Metal industry KW - Adaptability KW - Energy KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Environment management KW - Iron KW - Optimization KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 0810:General KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808617190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Developing+long-term+strategies+to+reduce+energy+use+and+CO+sub%282%29+emissions-analysis+of+three+mitigation+scenarios+for+iron+and+steel+production+in+China&rft.au=Karali%2C+Nihan%3BXu%2C+Tengfang%3BSathaye%2C+Jayant&rft.aulast=Karali&rft.aufirst=Nihan&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11027-014-9615-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pricing; Adaptations; Carbon; Carbon dioxide; Iron; Environment management; Energy efficiency; Adaptability; Mitigation; Energy conservation; Emissions; Emission control; Energy consumption; Metal industry; Costs; Energy; Adaptation; Steel; Optimization; Carbon Dioxide; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027-014-9615-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The economic effect of efficiency programs on energy consumers and producers AN - 1798734781; PQ0003086026 AB - An increase in the efficiency of natural gas fired residential appliances allows users to realize the same level of service, heating water for example, while using less natural gas. In addition to this technological benefit to the residential sector, the reduced demand for natural gas depresses the price of natural gas, resulting in pecuniary gains to other energy consumers and pecuniary losses to energy producers. The question we address in this study is whether purely pecuniary effects, those that follow from the price changes elicited by lower usage of natural gas, should enter the debate concerning the implementation of energy efficiency programs. To that end, we explore the price and social welfare impacts of natural gas energy efficiency standards by evaluating the impacts of a specific efficiency standard using the National Energy Modeling System. Our analysis indicates that purely pecuniary losses to producers are largely offset by pecuniary benefits to consumers. Our analysis also provides useful insight into the sources of these benefits and losses. Although our results are based on a specific model and efficiency standard, we believe that the results generalize to other efficiency programs and would be reproduced using other energy models. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Carnall, Michael AU - Dale, Larry AU - Lekov, Alex AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd. MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, MACarnall@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 647 EP - 662 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Residential areas KW - Natural gas KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1798734781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=The+economic+effect+of+efficiency+programs+on+energy+consumers+and+producers&rft.au=Carnall%2C+Michael%3BDale%2C+Larry%3BLekov%2C+Alex&rft.aulast=Carnall&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-015-9390-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Energy; Economics; Residential areas; Natural gas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-015-9390-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Charged particle mutagenesis at low dose and fluence in mouse splenic T cells. AN - 1793214961; 27055360 AB - High-energy heavy charged particles (HZE ions) found in the deep space environment can significantly affect human health by inducing mutations and related cancers. To better understand the relation between HZE ion exposure and somatic mutation, we examined cell survival fraction, Aprt mutant frequencies, and the types of mutations detected for mouse splenic T cells exposed in vivo to graded doses of densely ionizing (48)Ti ions (1GeV/amu, LET=107 keV/μm), (56)Fe ions (1GeV/amu, LET=151 keV/μm) ions, or sparsely ionizing protons (1GeV, LET=0.24 keV/μm). The lowest doses for (48)Ti and (56)Fe ions were equivalent to a fluence of approximately 1 or 2 particle traversals per nucleus. In most cases, Aprt mutant frequencies in the irradiated mice were not significantly increased relative to the controls for any of the particles or doses tested at the pre-determined harvest time (3-5 months after irradiation). Despite the lack of increased Aprt mutant frequencies in the irradiated splenocytes, a molecular analysis centered on chromosome 8 revealed the induction of radiation signature mutations (large interstitial deletions and complex mutational patterns), with the highest levels of induction at 2 particles nucleus for the (48)Ti and (56)Fe ions. In total, the results show that densely ionizing HZE ions can induce characteristic mutations in splenic T cells at low fluence, and that at least a subset of radiation-induced mutant cells are stably retained despite the apparent lack of increased mutant frequencies at the time of harvest. JF - Mutation research AU - Grygoryev, Dmytro AU - Gauny, Stacey AU - Lasarev, Michael AU - Ohlrich, Anna AU - Kronenberg, Amy AU - Turker, Mitchell S AD - Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States. ; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States. ; Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States; Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States. Electronic address: turkerm@ohsu.edu. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 32 EP - 40 VL - 788 KW - Index Medicus KW - Aprt mutation KW - Charged particle mutagenesis KW - Radiation signature mutations KW - Splenic T cells UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793214961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Sequencing+of+diverse+mandarin%2C+pummelo+and+orange+genomes+reveals+complex+history+of+admixture+during+citrus+domestication&rft.au=Wu%2C+G+Albert%3BProchnik%2C+Simon%3BJenkins%2C+Jerry%3BSalse%2C+Jerome%3BHellsten%2C+Uffe%3BMurat%2C+Florent%3BPerrier%2C+Xavier%3BRuiz%2C+Manuel%3BScalabrin%2C+Simone%3BTerol%2C+Javier%3BTakita%2C+Marco+Aurelio%3BLabadie%2C+Karine%3BPoulain%2C+Julie%3BCouloux%2C+Arnaud%3BJabbari%2C+Kamel%3BCattonaro%2C+Federica%3BDel+Fabbro%2C+Cristian%3BPinosio%2C+Sara%3BZuccolo%2C+Andrea%3BChapman%2C+Jarrod%3BGrimwood%2C+Jane%3BTadeo%2C+Francisco+R%3BEstornell%2C+Leandro+H%3BMunoz-Sanz%2C+Juan+V%3BIbanez%2C+Victoria%3BHerrero-Ortega%2C+Amparo%3BAleza%2C+Pablo%3BPerez-Perez%2C+Julian%3BRamon%2C+Daniel%3BBrunel%2C+Dominique%3BLuro%2C+Francois%3BChen%2C+Chunxian%3BFarmerie%2C+William+G%3BDesany%2C+Brian%3BKodira%2C+Chinnappa%3BMohiuddin%2C+Mohammed%3BHarkins%2C+Tim%3BFredrikson%2C+Karin%3BBurns%2C+Paul%3BLomsadze%2C+Alexandre%3BBorodovsky%2C+Mark%3BReforgiato%2C+Giuseppe%3BFreitas-Astua%2C+Juliana%3BQuetier%2C+Francis%3BNavarro%2C+Luis%3BRoose%2C+Mikeal%3BWincker%2C+Patrick%3BSchmutz%2C+Jeremy%3BMorgante%2C+Michele%3BMachado%2C+Marcos+Antonio%3Bet.+al.&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnbt.2906 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-05-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2016.03.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cooking-related PM sub(2.5) and acrolein measured in grocery stores and comparison with other retail types AN - 1790953429; PQ0003088600 AB - We measured particulate matter (PM), acrolein, and other indoor air contaminants in eight visits to grocery stores in California. Retail stores of other types (hardware, furniture, and apparel) were also sampled on additional visits. Based on tracer gas decay data, most stores had adequate ventilation according to minimum ventilation rate standards. Grocery stores had significantly higher concentrations of acrolein, fine and ultrafine PM, compared to other retail stores, likely attributable to cooking. Indoor concentrations of PM sub(2.5) and acrolein exceeded health guidelines in all tested grocery stores. Acrolein emission rates to indoors in grocery stores had a mean estimate about 30 times higher than in other retail store types. About 80% of the indoor PM sub(2.5) measured in grocery stores was emitted indoors, compared to only 20% for the other retail store types. Calculations suggest a substantial increase in outdoor air ventilation rate by a factor of three from current level is needed to reduce indoor acrolein concentrations. Alternatively, acrolein emission to indoors needs to be reduced 70% by better capturing of cooking exhaust. To maintain indoor PM sub(2.5) below the California annual ambient standard of 12 mu g/m super(3), grocery stores need to use air filters with an efficiency rating higher than the MERV 8 air filters commonly used today. JF - Indoor Air AU - Chan, W R AU - Sidheswaran, M AU - Sullivan, D P AU - Cohn, S AU - Fisk, W J AD - Indoor Environment Group, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/06// PY - 2016 DA - June 2016 SP - 489 EP - 500 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Particle size KW - Pollutant removal KW - Ventilation KW - Guidelines KW - Particulates KW - Tracers KW - Air purification KW - INE, USA, California KW - Cooking KW - Emissions KW - Decay KW - Indoor environments KW - Exhaust emissions KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790953429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Cooking-related+PM+sub%282.5%29+and+acrolein+measured+in+grocery+stores+and+comparison+with+other+retail+types&rft.au=Chan%2C+W+R%3BSidheswaran%2C+M%3BSullivan%2C+D+P%3BCohn%2C+S%3BFisk%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fina.12218 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Tracers; Pollutant removal; Ventilation; Air purification; Guidelines; Cooking; Emissions; Particulates; Decay; Indoor environments; Exhaust emissions; INE, USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ina.12218 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Daphnia magna transcriptome by RNA-Seq across 12 environmental stressors. AN - 1788538805; 27164179 AB - The full exploration of gene-environment interactions requires model organisms with well-characterized ecological interactions in their natural environment, manipulability in the laboratory and genomic tools. The waterflea Daphnia magna is an established ecological and toxicological model species, central to the food webs of freshwater lentic habitats and sentinel for water quality. Its tractability and cyclic parthenogenetic life-cycle are ideal to investigate links between genes and the environment. Capitalizing on this unique model system, the STRESSFLEA consortium generated a comprehensive RNA-Seq data set by exposing two inbred genotypes of D. magna and a recombinant cross of these genotypes to a range of environmental perturbations. Gene models were constructed from the transcriptome data and mapped onto the draft genome of D. magna using EvidentialGene. The transcriptome data generated here, together with the available draft genome sequence of D. magna and a high-density genetic map will be a key asset for future investigations in environmental genomics. JF - Scientific data AU - Orsini, Luisa AU - Gilbert, Donald AU - Podicheti, Ram AU - Jansen, Mieke AU - Brown, James B AU - Solari, Omid Shams AU - Spanier, Katina I AU - Colbourne, John K AU - Rush, Douglas AU - Decaestecker, Ellen AU - Asselman, Jana AU - De Schamphelaere, Karel A C AU - Ebert, Dieter AU - Haag, Christoph R AU - Kvist, Jouni AU - Laforsch, Christian AU - Petrusek, Adam AU - Beckerman, Andrew P AU - Little, Tom J AU - Chaturvedi, Anurag AU - Pfrender, Michael E AU - De Meester, Luc AU - Frilander, Mikko J AD - Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. ; Biology Department, Indiana University, 1001 E. Third Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA. ; School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University, 919 E. Tenth Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA. ; Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Leuven, Ch. Deberiotstraat 32, Leuven 3000, Belgium. ; Department of Genome Dynamics Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University, 1001 E. Third Street, 919 E. Tenth Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA. ; Aquatic Biology, Interdisciplinary research Facility Life Sciences KU Leuven Campus Kortrijk, E. Sabbelaan 53, Kortrijk B-8500, Belgium. ; Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, GhEnToxLab,Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. ; Universität Basel, Zoologisches Institut, Vesalgasse 1, Basel 4051, Switzerland. ; Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive-CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS-Université de Montpellier-Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier-EPHE, campus CNRS, 1919, route de Mende, Montpellier, Cedex 5 34293, France. ; Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, Viikinkaari 9, 00014, Helsinki Finland. ; Animal Ecology I and Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany. ; Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, Prague CZ-12844, Czech Republic. ; Department of Animal and Plant Science, University of Sheffield Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK. ; Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK. ; Department of Biological Sciences and Environmental Change Initiative, Galvin Life Science Center, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA. Y1 - 2016/05/10/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 10 SP - 160030 VL - 3 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Gene-Environment Interaction KW - Databases, Genetic KW - RNA -- genetics KW - Daphnia -- genetics KW - Transcriptome KW - Genome UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1788538805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+data&rft.atitle=Daphnia+magna+transcriptome+by+RNA-Seq+across+12+environmental+stressors.&rft.au=Orsini%2C+Luisa%3BGilbert%2C+Donald%3BPodicheti%2C+Ram%3BJansen%2C+Mieke%3BBrown%2C+James+B%3BSolari%2C+Omid+Shams%3BSpanier%2C+Katina+I%3BColbourne%2C+John+K%3BRush%2C+Douglas%3BDecaestecker%2C+Ellen%3BAsselman%2C+Jana%3BDe+Schamphelaere%2C+Karel+A+C%3BEbert%2C+Dieter%3BHaag%2C+Christoph+R%3BKvist%2C+Jouni%3BLaforsch%2C+Christian%3BPetrusek%2C+Adam%3BBeckerman%2C+Andrew+P%3BLittle%2C+Tom+J%3BChaturvedi%2C+Anurag%3BPfrender%2C+Michael+E%3BDe+Meester%2C+Luc%3BFrilander%2C+Mikko+J&rft.aulast=Orsini&rft.aufirst=Luisa&rft.date=2016-05-10&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3830&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4gc00373j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-12-16 N1 - Date created - 2016-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of shallow aquifer remediation capacity under different groundwater management conditions in CGS field AN - 1832672381; 782376-24 AB - Because of unknown faults and fractures in the overlying rock, CO (sub 2) stored deep underground may move upward, and the intrusion may impact shallow groundwater quality. After leakage of CO (sub 2) has ceased, the affected aquifer may show remediation capacity under natural conditions and injections and extractions. In this study, the reactive transport modeling software TOUGHREACT was used to simulate the remediation capacity of a study aquifer. The simulation results show that the intrusion of leaked CO (sub 2) would decrease the pH of the target aquifer and trigger the dissolution of calcite minerals. After CO (sub 2) leakage has ceased, the pH would increase as would the concentration of Ca because of the dissolution of calcite along the flow path. Scenario simulation results of amelioration of groundwater quality by water injection and extraction show that single injection is the best option and a combination approach of injection and extraction could control the range of the affected area. The pH value should not be regarded as the single indicator for remediation capacity assessment. Parameter sensitive analysis results show that the rates of injection and extraction affect the repair results significantly. Copyright 2016 Saudi Society for Geosciences JF - Arabian Journal of Geosciences AU - Shanghai, Du AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Wenjing, Zhang Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 EP - Article 448 PB - Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1866-7511, 1866-7511 KW - pollutants KW - water management KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - aquifers KW - shallow aquifers KW - risk assessment KW - leaky aquifers KW - carbonates KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832672381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arabian+Journal+of+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+shallow+aquifer+remediation+capacity+under+different+groundwater+management+conditions+in+CGS+field&rft.au=Shanghai%2C+Du%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BWenjing%2C+Zhang&rft.aulast=Shanghai&rft.aufirst=Du&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arabian+Journal+of+Geosciences&rft.issn=18667511&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12517-016-2479-6 L2 - http://www.springer.com/earth+sciences/journal/12517 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; calcite; carbon dioxide; carbonates; ground water; hydrochemistry; leaky aquifers; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; shallow aquifers; water management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-016-2479-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-series analysis of surface deformation at Brady Hot Springs geothermal field (Nevada) using interferometric synthetic aperture radar AN - 1819893996; 2016-080248 AB - We analyze interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data acquired between 2004 and 2014, by the ERS-2, Envisat, ALOS and TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X satellite missions to measure and characterize time-dependent deformation at the Brady Hot Springs geothermal field in western Nevada due to extraction of fluids. The long axis of the approximately 4 km by approximately 1.5 km elliptical subsiding area coincides with the strike of the dominant normal fault system at Brady. Within this bowl of subsidence, the interference pattern shows several smaller features with length scales of the order of approximately 1 km. This signature occurs consistently in all of the well-correlated interferometric pairs spanning several months. Results from inverse modeling suggest that the deformation is a result of volumetric contraction in shallow units, no deeper than 600 m, likely associated with damaged regions where fault segments mechanically interact. Such damaged zones are expected to extend downward along steeply dipping fault planes, providing a high permeability conduit to the production wells. Using time series analysis, we test the hypothesis that geothermal production drives the observed deformation. We find a good correlation between the observed deformation rate and the rate of production in the shallow wells. We also explore mechanisms that could potentially cause the observed deformation, including thermal contraction of rock, decline in pore pressure and dissolution of minerals over time. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Ali, S T AU - Akerley, J AU - Baluyut, E C AU - Cardiff, M AU - Davatzes, N C AU - Feigl, Kurt L AU - Foxall, W AU - Fratta, D AU - Mellors, R J AU - Spielman, P AU - Wang, H F AU - Zemach, E Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 114 EP - 120 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 61 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - radar methods KW - mathematical models KW - geothermal engineering KW - Brady Hot Springs KW - thermal waters KW - ground water KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - Hot Springs Mountains KW - SAR KW - springs KW - InSAR KW - hot springs KW - Nevada KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819893996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Time-series+analysis+of+surface+deformation+at+Brady+Hot+Springs+geothermal+field+%28Nevada%29+using+interferometric+synthetic+aperture+radar&rft.au=Ali%2C+S+T%3BAkerley%2C+J%3BBaluyut%2C+E+C%3BCardiff%2C+M%3BDavatzes%2C+N+C%3BFeigl%2C+Kurt+L%3BFoxall%2C+W%3BFratta%2C+D%3BMellors%2C+R+J%3BSpielman%2C+P%3BWang%2C+H+F%3BZemach%2C+E&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2016.01.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brady Hot Springs; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; geothermal fields; ground water; hot springs; Hot Springs Mountains; InSAR; mathematical models; Nevada; radar methods; SAR; springs; statistical analysis; thermal waters; time series analysis; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2016.01.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Equation of state and spin crossover of (Mg,Fe)O at high pressure, with implications for explaining topographic relief at the core-mantle boundary AN - 1812215249; 2016-070885 AB - Iron-bearing periclase is thought to represent a significant fraction of Earth's lower mantle. However, the concentration of iron in (Mg,Fe)O is not well constrained at all mantle depths. Therefore, understanding the effect of iron on the density and elastic properties of this phase plays a major role in interpreting seismically observed complexity in the deep Earth. Here we examine the high-pressure behavior of polycrystalline (Mg,Fe)O containing 48 mol% FeO, loaded hydrostatically with neon as a pressure medium. Using X-ray diffraction and synchrotron Mossbauer spectroscopy, we measure the equation of state to about 83 GPa and hyperfine parameters to 107 GPa at 300 K. A gradual volume drop corresponding to a high-spin (HS) to low-spin (LS) crossover is observed between approximately 45 and 83 GPa with a volume drop of 1.85% at 68.8(2.7) GPa, the calculated spin transition pressure. Using a newly formulated spin crossover equation of state, the resulting zero-pressure isothermal bulk modulus K (sub 0T,HS) for the HS state is 160(2) GPa with a K' (sub 0T,HS) of 4.12(14) and a V (sub 0,HS) of 77.29(0) A (super 3) . For the LS state, the K (sub 0T,LS) is 173(13) GPa with a K' (sub 0T,LS) fixed to 4 and a V (sub 0,LS) of 73.64(94) A (super 3) To confirm that the observed volume drop is due to a spin crossover, the quadrupole splitting (QS) and isomer shift (IS) are determined as a function of pressure. At low pressures, the Mossbauer spectra are well explained with two Fe (super 2+) -like sites. At pressure between 44 and 84, two additional Fe (super 2+) -like sites with a QS of 0 are required, indicative of low-spin iron. Above 84 GPa, two low-spin Fe (super 2+) -like sites with increasing weight fraction explain the data well, signifying the completion of the spin crossover. To systematically compare the effect of iron on the equation of state parameters for (Mg,Fe)O, a spin crossover equation of state was fitted to the pressure-volume data of previous measurements. Our results show that K (sub 0,HS) is insensitive to iron concentration between 10 to 60 mol% FeO, while the spin transition pressure and width generally increases from about 50-80 and 2-25 GPa, respectively. A key implication is that iron-rich (Mg,Fe)O at the core-mantle boundary would likely contain a significant fraction of high-spin (less dense) iron, contributing a positive buoyancy to promote observable topographic relief in tomographic images of the lowermost mantle. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Solomatova, Natalia V AU - Jackson, Jennifer M AU - Sturhahn, Wolfgang AU - Wicks, June K AU - Zhao, Jiyong AU - Toellner, Thomas S AU - Kalkan, Bora AU - Steinhardt, William M Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 1084 EP - 1093 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 101 IS - 5 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - interior KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - mantle KW - high pressure KW - core-mantle boundary KW - synchrotron radiation KW - outer core KW - lower mantle KW - low-velocity zones KW - oxides KW - core KW - spectra KW - equations of state KW - Mossbauer spectra KW - ferropericlase KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812215249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Equation+of+state+and+spin+crossover+of+%28Mg%2CFe%29O+at+high+pressure%2C+with+implications+for+explaining+topographic+relief+at+the+core-mantle+boundary&rft.au=Solomatova%2C+Natalia+V%3BJackson%2C+Jennifer+M%3BSturhahn%2C+Wolfgang%3BWicks%2C+June+K%3BZhao%2C+Jiyong%3BToellner%2C+Thomas+S%3BKalkan%2C+Bora%3BSteinhardt%2C+William+M&rft.aulast=Solomatova&rft.aufirst=Natalia&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1084&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2016-5510 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - core; core-mantle boundary; equations of state; experimental studies; ferropericlase; high pressure; interior; low-velocity zones; lower mantle; mantle; Mossbauer spectra; outer core; oxides; pressure; spectra; synchrotron radiation; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5510 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature calibration and phylogenetically distinct distributions for fresh water alkenones; evidence from northern Alaskan lakes AN - 1800396459; 2016-056152 AB - Alkenones are a class of unsaturated long-chain ketone biomarkers that have been used to reconstruct sea surface temperature and, more recently, continental temperature, by way of alkenone unsaturation indices (e.g. U (sub 37) (super K) and U (sub 37) (super K') ). Alkenones are frequently found in brackish and saline lakes, however species effects confound temperature reconstructions when multiple alkenone-producing species with different temperature responses are present. Interestingly, available genetic data indicate that numerous freshwater lakes host a distinct phylotype of alkenone-producing haptophyte algae (the Group I or Greenland phylotype), providing evidence that species effects may be diminished in freshwater lakes. These findings encourage further investigation of alkenone paleotemperature proxies in freshwater systems. Here, we investigated lakes from northern Alaska (n = 35) and show that alkenones commonly occurred in freshwater lakes, where they featured distinct distributions, characterized by dominant C (sub 37:4) alkenones and a series of tri-unsaturated alkenone isomers. The distributions were characteristic of Group I-type alkenone distributions previously identified in Greenland and North America. Our analysis of suspended particulate matter from Toolik Lake (68 degrees 38'N, 149 degrees 36'W) yielded the first in situ freshwater U (sub 37) (super K) calibration (U (sub 37) (super K) = 0.021 * T - 0.68; r (super 2) = 0.85; n = 52; RMSE = + or -1.37 degrees C). We explored the environmental significance of the tri-unsaturated isomers using our northern Alaskan lakes dataset in conjunction with new data from haptophyte cultures and Canadian surface sediments. Our results show that these temperature-sensitive isomers are biomarkers for the Group I phylotype and indicators of multiple-species effects. Together, these findings highlight freshwater lakes as valuable targets for continental alkenone-based paleotemperature reconstructions and demonstrate the significance of the recently discovered tri-unsaturated isomers. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Longo, William M AU - Theroux, Susanna AU - Giblin, Anne E AU - Zheng, Yinsui AU - Dillon, James T AU - Huang, Yongsong Y1 - 2016/05/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 01 SP - 177 EP - 196 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 180 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - phylogeny KW - biochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - northern Alaska KW - lakes KW - gas chromatograms KW - fresh water KW - calibration KW - Toolik Lake KW - biomarkers KW - temperature KW - environmental management KW - organic compounds KW - isomers KW - chromatograms KW - mathematical methods KW - sediments KW - alkenones KW - Alaska KW - reconstruction KW - chemical composition KW - ketones KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800396459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Temperature+calibration+and+phylogenetically+distinct+distributions+for+fresh+water+alkenones%3B+evidence+from+northern+Alaskan+lakes&rft.au=Longo%2C+William+M%3BTheroux%2C+Susanna%3BGiblin%2C+Anne+E%3BZheng%2C+Yinsui%3BDillon%2C+James+T%3BHuang%2C+Yongsong&rft.aulast=Longo&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=180&rft.issue=&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.02.019 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; alkenones; biochemistry; biomarkers; calibration; chemical composition; chromatograms; environmental management; fresh water; gas chromatograms; isomers; ketones; lakes; mathematical methods; northern Alaska; organic compounds; phylogeny; reconstruction; sediments; statistical analysis; temperature; Toolik Lake; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.02.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lattice Boltzmann simulation of water isotope fractionation during ice crystal growth in clouds AN - 1800395922; 2016-056157 AB - We describe a lattice Boltzmann (LB) method for simulating water isotope fractionation during diffusion-limited ice crystal growth by vapor deposition from water-oversaturated air. These conditions apply to the growth of snow crystals in clouds where the vapor composition is controlled by the presence of both ice crystals and water droplets. Modeling of water condensation with the LB method has the advantage of allowing concentration fields to evolve based on local conditions so that the controls on grain shapes of the condensed phase can be studied simultaneously with the controls on isotopic composition and growth rate. Water isotope fractionation during snow crystal growth involves kinetic effects due to diffusion of water vapor in air, which requires careful consideration of the boundary conditions at the ice-vapor interface. The boundary condition is relatively simple for water isotopes because the molecular exchange rate for water at the interface is large compared to the crystal growth rate. Our results for the bulk crystal isotopic composition are consistent with simpler models using analytical solutions for radial geometry. However, the model results are sufficiently different for oxygen isotopes that they could affect the interpretation of D-excess values of snow and ice. The extent of vapor oversaturation plays a major role in determining the water isotope fractionation as well as the degree of dendritic growth. Departures from isotopic equilibrium increase at colder temperatures as diffusivity decreases. Dendritic crystals are isotopically heterogeneous. Isotopic variations within individual snow crystals could yield information on the microphysics of ice condensation as well as on the accommodation or sticking coefficient of water associated with vapor deposition. Our results are ultimately a first step in implementing LB models for kinetically controlled condensation or precipitation reactions, but needs to be extended also to cases where the molecular exchange rate is comparable to the crystal growth rate. This approach could also be applicable to aerosol chemical evolution. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Lu, Guoping AU - DePaolo, Donald J Y1 - 2016/05/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 May 01 SP - 271 EP - 283 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 180 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - isotope fractionation KW - oxygen KW - lattice KW - isotopes KW - water vapor KW - crystal growth KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - ice KW - snow KW - kinetics KW - water KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - models KW - saturation KW - deposition KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - mathematical methods KW - lattice Boltzmann method KW - crystallization KW - aerosols KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800395922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Lattice+Boltzmann+simulation+of+water+isotope+fractionation+during+ice+crystal+growth+in+clouds&rft.au=Lu%2C+Guoping%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Guoping&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=180&rft.issue=&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.11.048 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmospheric precipitation; lattice Boltzmann method; crystal growth; crystallization; D/H; deposition; hydrogen; ice; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; lattice; mathematical methods; models; O-18/O-16; oxygen; phase equilibria; saturation; simulation; snow; stable isotopes; water; water vapor; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.11.048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of demand response in the commercial, industrial, and residential sectors in the United States AN - 1798737980; PQ0002987164 AB - The goal of this study is to provide an overview of demand response (DR) technologies, including standards and end uses, in the United States and describe resource characteristics and the attributes of 14 specific DR resources in the U.S. commercial, residential, and industrial sectors. The attributes reviewed for the end uses being considered are response frequency, response time, the need for and impacts of energy pre- or recharge, the cost of enabling a resource to respond to a load-curtailment signal, and the magnitude of load curtailment in a given resource. We also describe controls and communications technologies that can enable end uses to participate in DR programs. The characterization was initially developed as a foundational work to quantify hourly availability of DR resources from the selected end uses followed by a multi-laboratory effort that quantified DR's value within the Western Interconnection super(a). WIREs Energy Environ 2016, 5:288-304. doi: 10.1002/wene.176 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website . JF - Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment AU - Kiliccote, Sila AU - Olsen, Daniel AU - Sohn, Michael D AU - Piette, Mary Ann AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 288 EP - 304 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 United States VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 2041-8396, 2041-8396 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA KW - Communications KW - Energy KW - Reviews KW - Residential areas KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1798737980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wiley+Interdisciplinary+Reviews%3A+Energy+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+demand+response+in+the+commercial%2C+industrial%2C+and+residential+sectors+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Kiliccote%2C+Sila%3BOlsen%2C+Daniel%3BSohn%2C+Michael+D%3BPiette%2C+Mary+Ann&rft.aulast=Kiliccote&rft.aufirst=Sila&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wiley+Interdisciplinary+Reviews%3A+Energy+and+Environment&rft.issn=20418396&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwene.176 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Communications; Reviews; Energy; Residential areas; Technology; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wene.176 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Harderian Gland Tumorigenesis: Low-Dose and LET Response. AN - 1790017270; 27092765 AB - Increased cancer risk remains a primary concern for travel into deep space and may preclude manned missions to Mars due to large uncertainties that currently exist in estimating cancer risk from the spectrum of radiations found in space with the very limited available human epidemiological radiation-induced cancer data. Existing data on human risk of cancer from X-ray and gamma-ray exposure must be scaled to the many types and fluences of radiations found in space using radiation quality factors and dose-rate modification factors, and assuming linearity of response since the shapes of the dose responses at low doses below 100 mSv are unknown. The goal of this work was to reduce uncertainties in the relative biological effect (RBE) and linear energy transfer (LET) relationship for space-relevant doses of charged-particle radiation-induced carcinogenesis. The historical data from the studies of Fry et al. and Alpen et al. for Harderian gland (HG) tumors in the female CB6F1 strain of mouse represent the most complete set of experimental observations, including dose dependence, available on a specific radiation-induced tumor in an experimental animal using heavy ion beams that are found in the cosmic radiation spectrum. However, these data lack complete information on low-dose responses below 0.1 Gy, and for chronic low-dose-rate exposures, and there are gaps in the LET region between 25 and 190 keV/μm. In this study, we used the historical HG tumorigenesis data as reference, and obtained HG tumor data for 260 MeV/u silicon (LET ∼70 keV/μm) and 1,000 MeV/u titanium (LET ∼100 keV/μm) to fill existing gaps of data in this LET range to improve our understanding of the dose-response curve at low doses, to test for deviations from linearity and to provide RBE estimates. Animals were also exposed to five daily fractions of 0.026 or 0.052 Gy of 1,000 MeV/u titanium ions to simulate chronic exposure, and HG tumorigenesis from this fractionated study were compared to the results from single 0.13 or 0.26 Gy acute titanium exposures. Theoretical modeling of the data show that a nontargeted effect model provides a better fit than the targeted effect model, providing important information at space-relevant doses of heavy ions. JF - Radiation research AU - Chang, Polly Y AU - Cucinotta, Francis A AU - Bjornstad, Kathleen A AU - Bakke, James AU - Rosen, Chris J AU - Du, Nicholas AU - Fairchild, David G AU - Cacao, Eliedonna AU - Blakely, Eleanor A AD - a   Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, California 94025; ; c   Department of Health Physics and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154. ; b   Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720; and. Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 449 EP - 460 VL - 185 IS - 5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790017270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Harderian+Gland+Tumorigenesis%3A+Low-Dose+and+LET+Response.&rft.au=Chang%2C+Polly+Y%3BCucinotta%2C+Francis+A%3BBjornstad%2C+Kathleen+A%3BBakke%2C+James%3BRosen%2C+Chris+J%3BDu%2C+Nicholas%3BFairchild%2C+David+G%3BCacao%2C+Eliedonna%3BBlakely%2C+Eleanor+A&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Polly&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=185&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=1938-5404&rft_id=info:doi/10.1667%2FRR14335.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-05-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR14335.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-Eddy Simulation of Flow Through an Array of Cubes with Local Grid Refinement AN - 1787976436; PQ0002955136 AB - High resolution simulations of the transport of urban contaminants are important for disaster response and city planning. Large-eddy simulation (LES) and mesh refinement can each be used to decrease the computational cost of modelling, but combining these techniques can result in additional errors at grid-refinement interfaces. Here, we study the effect of the turbulence closure on the accuracy of LES results, for grids with mesh refinement, in a test case of flow through a periodic array of cubes. It is found that a mixed-model turbulence closure, using both an eddy viscosity and a scale similarity component, reduces energy accumulation at grid-refinement interfaces when used with explicit filtering of the advection term. The mixed model must be used with explicit filtering to control high wavenumber errors generated by the non-linear scale-similarity model. The results demonstrate that the turbulence closure mitigates errors associated with using LES on block-structured grids for urban-flow simulations. JF - Boundary-Layer Meteorology AU - Goodfriend, Elijah AU - Katopodes Chow, Fotini AU - Vanella, Marcos AU - Balaras, Elias AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop 50A-1148, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, egoodfriend@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 285 EP - 303 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 159 IS - 2 SN - 0006-8314, 0006-8314 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Contamination KW - Pollution dispersion KW - City planning KW - Wave damping KW - turbulence KW - Advection KW - Viscosity KW - Meteorology KW - Modelling KW - Marine KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Disasters KW - Brackish KW - Simulation KW - Oceanic eddies KW - Large eddy simulations KW - Numerical simulations KW - Energy KW - Eddy viscosity KW - Wave generation KW - Accumulation KW - P 9999:GENERAL POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.511:Mechanics and Thermodynamics of the Atmosphere (551.511) KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787976436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boundary-Layer+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Large-Eddy+Simulation+of+Flow+Through+an+Array+of+Cubes+with+Local+Grid+Refinement&rft.au=Goodfriend%2C+Elijah%3BKatopodes+Chow%2C+Fotini%3BVanella%2C+Marcos%3BBalaras%2C+Elias&rft.aulast=Goodfriend&rft.aufirst=Elijah&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Boundary-Layer+Meteorology&rft.issn=00068314&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10546-016-0128-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution dispersion; Disasters; Meteorology; Oceanic eddies; Wave damping; Wave generation; Eddy viscosity; Modelling; Numerical simulations; Large eddy simulations; Advection; Energy; Simulation; City planning; Flow; Viscosity; Contamination; Simulation Analysis; turbulence; Accumulation; Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10546-016-0128-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A science data gateway for environmental management AN - 1785224643; PQ0002909324 AB - Science data gateways are effective in providing complex science data collections to the world-wide user communities. In this paper we describe a gateway for the Advanced Simulation Capability for Environmental Management (ASCEM) framework. Built on top of established web service technologies, the ASCEM data gateway is specifically designed for environmental modeling applications. Its key distinguishing features include (1) handling of complex spatiotemporal data, (2) offering a variety of selective data access mechanisms, (3) providing state-of-the-art plotting and visualization of spatiotemporal data records, and (4) integrating seamlessly with a distributed workflow system using a RESTful interface. ASCEM project scientists have been using this data gateway since 2011. JF - Concurrency and Computation: Practice & Experience AU - Agarwal, Deborah A AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Freedman, Vicky L AU - Krishnan, Harinarayan AU - Kushner, Gary AU - Lansing, Carina AU - Porter, Ellen AU - Romosan, Alexandru AU - Shoshani, Arie AU - Wainwright, Haruko AU - Weidmer, Arthur AU - Wu, Kesheng AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/05// PY - 2016 DA - May 2016 SP - 1994 EP - 2004 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 1532-0626, 1532-0626 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Data collection KW - Simulation KW - Environment management KW - Technology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1785224643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Concurrency+and+Computation%3A+Practice+%26+Experience&rft.atitle=A+science+data+gateway+for+environmental+management&rft.au=Agarwal%2C+Deborah+A%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BFreedman%2C+Vicky+L%3BKrishnan%2C+Harinarayan%3BKushner%2C+Gary%3BLansing%2C+Carina%3BPorter%2C+Ellen%3BRomosan%2C+Alexandru%3BShoshani%2C+Arie%3BWainwright%2C+Haruko%3BWeidmer%2C+Arthur%3BWu%2C+Kesheng&rft.aulast=Agarwal&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1994&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Concurrency+and+Computation%3A+Practice+%26+Experience&rft.issn=15320626&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcpe.3697 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data collection; Simulation; Environment management; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.3697 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-Range Interactions Restrict Water Transport in Pyrophyllite Interlayers. AN - 1785214048; 27118164 AB - Water diffusion within smectite clay interlayers is reduced by confinement and hence is highly determined by the interlayer spacings that are adopted during swelling. However, a molecular understanding of the short- and long-range forces governing interlayer water structure and dynamics is lacking. Using molecular dynamics simulations of water intercalated between pyrophyllite (smectite prototype) layers we provide a detailed picture of the variation of interlayered water mobility accompanying smectite expansion. Subtle changes in hydrogen bond network structure cause significant changes in water mobility that is greater for stable hydration states and reduced for intermediate separations. By studying pyrophyllite with and without external water we reveal that long-range electrostatic forces apply a restraining effect upon interlayer water mobility. Our findings are relevant for broad range of confining nanostructures with walls thin enough to permit long-range interactions that could affect the mobility of confined solvent molecules and solute species. JF - Scientific reports AU - Zarzycki, Piotr AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AD - Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States. Y1 - 2016/04/27/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Apr 27 SP - 25278 VL - 6 KW - Index Medicus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1785214048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Long-Range+Interactions+Restrict+Water+Transport+in+Pyrophyllite+Interlayers.&rft.au=Zarzycki%2C+Piotr%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin&rft.aulast=Zarzycki&rft.aufirst=Piotr&rft.date=2016-04-27&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep25278 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2016-04-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Mar 15;44(6):2085-91 [20146523] J Chem Phys. 2007 May 28;126(20):204107 [17552754] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep25278 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modern water-rock reactions in Oman hyperalkaline peridotite aquifers and implications for microbial habitability AN - 1797537735; 2016-051361 AB - The Samail ophiolite in Oman is undergoing modern hydration and carbonation of peridotite and may host a deep subsurface biosphere. Previous investigations of hyperalkaline fluids in Oman have focused on fluids released at surface seeps, which quickly lose their reducing character and precipitate carbonates upon contact with the O (sub 2) /CO (sub 2) -rich atmosphere. In this work, geochemical analysis of rocks and fluids from the subsurface provides new insights into the operative reactions in serpentinizing aquifers. Serpentinite rock and hyperalkaline fluids (pH > 10), which exhibit millimolar concentrations of Ca (super 2+) , H (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) , as well as variable sulfate and nitrate, were accessed from wells situated in mantle peridotite near Ibra and studied to investigate their aqueous geochemistry, gas concentrations, isotopic signatures, mineralogy, Fe speciation and microbial community composition. The bulk mineralogy of drill cuttings is dominated by olivine, pyroxene, brucite, serpentine and magnetite. At depth, Fe-bearing brucite is commonly intermixed with serpentine, whereas near the surface, olivine and brucite are lost and increased magnetite and serpentine is detected. Micro-Raman spectroscopy reveals at least two distinct generations of serpentine present in drill cuttings recovered from several depths from two wells. Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) analysis of the lizardite shows a strong tetrahedral Fe coordination, suggesting a mixture of both Fe(II) and Fe(III) in the serpentine. Magnetite veins are also closely associated with this second generation serpentine, and 2-10 mu m magnetite grains overprint all minerals in the drill cuttings. Thus we propose that the dissolved H (sub 2) that accumulates in the subsurface hyperalkaline fluids was evolved through low temperature oxidation and hydration of relict olivine, as well as destabilization of pre-existing brucite present in the partially serpentinized dunites and harzburgites. In particular, we hypothesize that Fe-bearing brucite is currently reacting with dissolved silica in the aquifer fluids to generate late-stage magnetite, additional serpentine and dissolved H (sub 2) . Dissolved CH (sub 4) in the fluids exhibits the most isotopically heavy carbon in CH (sub 4) reported in the literature thus far. The CH (sub 4) may have formed through abiotic reduction of dissolved CO (sub 2) or through biogenic pathways under extreme carbon limitation. The methane isotopic composition may have also been modified by significant methane oxidation. 16S rRNA sequencing of DNA recovered from filtered hyperalkaline well fluids reveals an abundance of Meiothermus, Thermodesulfovibrionaceae (sulfate-reducers) and Clostridia (fermenters). The fluids also contain candidate phyla OP1 and OD1, as well as Methanobacterium (methanogen) and Methylococcus sp. (methanotroph). The composition of these microbial communities suggests that low-temperature hydrogen and methane generation, coupled with the presence of electron acceptors such as nitrate and sulfate, sustains subsurface microbial life within the Oman ophiolite. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Miller, Hannah M AU - Matter, Juerg M AU - Kelemen, Peter AU - Ellison, Eric T AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Fierer, Noah AU - Ruchala, Tyler AU - Tominaga, Masako AU - Templeton, Alexis S Y1 - 2016/04/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Apr 15 SP - 217 EP - 241 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 179 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - calcium KW - serpentinization KW - igneous rocks KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - mass spectra KW - fluid phase KW - Semail Ophiolite KW - metasomatism KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - plutonic rocks KW - mineral composition KW - water-rock interaction KW - micro-Raman spectra KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - hypersaline environment KW - pH KW - chemical weathering KW - alkaline earth metals KW - methane KW - biochemistry KW - Oman KW - carbonatization KW - hyperalkalic composition KW - ophiolite KW - alkanes KW - X-ray spectra KW - weathering KW - ultramafics KW - aquifers KW - ICP mass spectra KW - hydration KW - Arabian Peninsula KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - Raman spectra KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - peridotites KW - hydrocarbons KW - reservoir properties KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797537735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Modern+water-rock+reactions+in+Oman+hyperalkaline+peridotite+aquifers+and+implications+for+microbial+habitability&rft.au=Miller%2C+Hannah+M%3BMatter%2C+Juerg+M%3BKelemen%2C+Peter%3BEllison%2C+Eric+T%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BFierer%2C+Noah%3BRuchala%2C+Tyler%3BTominaga%2C+Masako%3BTempleton%2C+Alexis+S&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Hannah&rft.date=2016-04-15&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2016.01.033 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 143 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkaline earth metals; alkanes; aquifers; Arabian Peninsula; Asia; bacteria; biochemistry; biogenic processes; calcium; carbonatization; chemical composition; chemical weathering; fluid phase; ground water; hydration; hydrocarbons; hyperalkalic composition; hypersaline environment; ICP mass spectra; igneous rocks; mass spectra; metals; metasomatism; methane; micro-Raman spectra; mineral composition; Oman; ophiolite; organic compounds; peridotites; pH; plutonic rocks; Raman spectra; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; Semail Ophiolite; serpentinization; spectra; ultramafics; water-rock interaction; weathering; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.01.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating bioclogging effects on dynamic riverbed permeability and infiltration AN - 1828847029; 2016-086758 AB - Bioclogging in rivers can detrimentally impact aquifer recharge. This is particularly so in dry regions, where losing rivers are common, and where disconnection between surface water and groundwater (leading to the development of an unsaturated zone) can occur. Reduction in riverbed permeability due to biomass growth is a time-variable parameter that is often neglected, yet permeability reduction from bioclogging can introduce order of magnitude changes in seepage fluxes from rivers over short (i.e., monthly) timescales. To address the combined effects of bioclogging and disconnection on infiltration, we developed numerical representations of bioclogging processes within a one-dimensional, variably saturated flow model representing losing-connected and losing-disconnected rivers. We tested these formulations using a synthetic case study informed with biological data obtained from the Russian River, California, USA. Our findings show that modeled biomass growth reduced seepage for losing-connected and losing-disconnected rivers. However, for rivers undergoing disconnection, infiltration declines occurred only after the system was fully disconnected. Before full disconnection, biologically induced permeability declines were not significant enough to offset the infiltration gains introduced by disconnection. The two effects combine to lead to a characteristic infiltration curve where peak infiltration magnitude and timing is controlled by permeability declines relative to hydraulic gradient gains. Biomass growth was found to hasten the onset of full disconnection; a condition we term 'effective disconnection'. Our results show that river infiltration can respond dynamically to bioclogging and subsequent permeability declines that are highly dependent on river connection status. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Newcomer, Michelle E AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Fleckenstein, Jan H AU - Maier, Ulrich AU - Schmidt, Christian AU - Thullner, Martin AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Flipo, Nicolas AU - Rubin, Yoram Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 2883 EP - 2900 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - numerical models KW - biomass KW - Wohler Site KW - data processing KW - Russian River KW - channels KW - rivers KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - California KW - recharge KW - bioclogging KW - dynamics KW - infiltration KW - digital simulation KW - fluvial features KW - Sonoma County California KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828847029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Simulating+bioclogging+effects+on+dynamic+riverbed+permeability+and+infiltration&rft.au=Newcomer%2C+Michelle+E%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BFleckenstein%2C+Jan+H%3BMaier%2C+Ulrich%3BSchmidt%2C+Christian%3BThullner%2C+Martin%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BFlipo%2C+Nicolas%3BRubin%2C+Yoram&rft.aulast=Newcomer&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2883&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR018351 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bioclogging; biomass; California; channels; data processing; digital simulation; dynamics; fluvial features; ground water; infiltration; numerical models; permeability; recharge; rivers; Russian River; seepage; Sonoma County California; United States; Wohler Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018351 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - P and S wave responses of bacterial biopolymer formation in unconsolidated porous media AN - 1803780478; 2016-060653 AB - This study investigated the P and S wave responses and permeability reduction during bacterial biopolymer formation in unconsolidated porous media. Column experiments with fine sands, where the model bacteria Leuconostoc mesenteroides were stimulated to produce insoluble biopolymer, were conducted while monitoring changes in permeability and P and S wave responses. The bacterial biopolymer reduced the permeability by more than 1 order of magnitude, occupying approximately 10% pore volume after 38 days of growth. This substantial reduction was attributed to the bacterial biopolymer with complex internal structures accumulated at pore throats. S wave velocity (V (sub S) ) increased by more than approximately 50% during biopolymer accumulation; this indicated that the bacterial biopolymer caused a certain level of stiffening effect on shear modulus of the unconsolidated sediment matrix at low confining stress conditions. Whereas replacing pore water by insoluble biopolymer was observed to cause minimal changes in P wave velocity (V (sub P) ) due to the low elastic moduli of insoluble biopolymer. The spectral ratio analyses revealed that the biopolymer formation caused a approximately 50-80% increase in P wave attenuation (1/Q (sub P) ) at the both ultrasonic and subultrasonic frequency ranges, at hundreds of kHz and tens of kHz, respectively, and a approximately 50-60% increase in S wave attenuation (1/Q (sub S) ) in the frequency band of several kHz. Our results reveal that in situ biopolymer formation and the resulting permeability reduction can be effectively monitored by using P and S wave attenuation in the ultrasonic and subultrasonic frequency ranges. This suggests that field monitoring using seismic logging techniques, including time-lapse dipole sonic logging, may be possible. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences AU - Noh, Dong-Hwa AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B AU - Kwon, Tae-Hyuk AU - Muhunthan, Balasingam Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 1158 EP - 1177 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 121 IS - 4 SN - 2169-8953, 2169-8953 KW - P-waves KW - dextran KW - polysaccharides KW - elastic waves KW - frequency KW - elastic constants KW - fluid dynamics KW - feasibility studies KW - attenuation KW - specific surface KW - sediments KW - velocity KW - carbohydrates KW - transducers KW - Leuconostoc mesenteroides KW - polymers KW - sand KW - body waves KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - clastic sediments KW - geomicrobiology KW - geophysical methods KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - solubility KW - ultrasonic methods KW - porosity KW - signals KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - biofilms KW - bacteria KW - unconsolidated materials KW - seismic waves KW - shear modulus KW - S-waves KW - permeability KW - instruments KW - bender element tests KW - geophysics KW - amplitude KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803780478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=P+and+S+wave+responses+of+bacterial+biopolymer+formation+in+unconsolidated+porous+media&rft.au=Noh%2C+Dong-Hwa%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B%3BKwon%2C+Tae-Hyuk%3BMuhunthan%2C+Balasingam&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Chun&rft.date=2014-06-26&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5456&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep05456 L2 - http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-JGRG.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; attenuation; bacteria; bender element tests; biofilms; body waves; carbohydrates; clastic sediments; dextran; elastic constants; elastic waves; equations; experimental studies; feasibility studies; fluid dynamics; frequency; geomicrobiology; geophysical methods; geophysics; instruments; Leuconostoc mesenteroides; measurement; monitoring; organic compounds; P-waves; permeability; polymers; polysaccharides; porosity; porous materials; S-waves; sand; saturation; sediments; seismic waves; shear modulus; signals; solubility; specific surface; transducers; ultrasonic methods; unconsolidated materials; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JG003118 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanophase iron production through laser irradiation and magnetic detection of space weathering analogs AN - 1800396108; 2016-055907 JF - Icarus AU - Markley, Matthew AU - Kletetschka, Gunther Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 204 EP - 214 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 268 SN - 0019-1035, 0019-1035 KW - silicates KW - near-infrared spectra KW - irradiation KW - laser methods KW - asteroids KW - optical spectra KW - olivine group KW - simulation KW - iron KW - meteorites KW - olivine KW - Mercury Planet KW - orthosilicates KW - spectra KW - experimental studies KW - Moon KW - electron microscopy data KW - impacts KW - weathering KW - terrestrial planets KW - nesosilicates KW - planets KW - micrometeorites KW - space weathering KW - metals KW - natural analogs KW - magnetic susceptibility KW - S-type asteroids KW - nanophase iron KW - nanoparticles KW - SEM data KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800396108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.atitle=Nanophase+iron+production+through+laser+irradiation+and+magnetic+detection+of+space+weathering+analogs&rft.au=Markley%2C+Matthew%3BKletetschka%2C+Gunther&rft.aulast=Markley&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=268&rft.issue=&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Icarus&rft.issn=00191035&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.icarus.2015.12.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00191035 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - ICRSA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asteroids; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; impacts; iron; irradiation; laser methods; magnetic susceptibility; Mercury Planet; metals; meteorites; micrometeorites; Moon; nanoparticles; nanophase iron; natural analogs; near-infrared spectra; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; optical spectra; orthosilicates; planets; S-type asteroids; SEM data; silicates; simulation; space weathering; spectra; terrestrial planets; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.12.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - iMatTOUGH; an open source Matlab-based graphical user interface for pre- and post-processing of TOUGH2 and iTOUGH2 models AN - 1797537971; 2016-051087 AB - TOUGH2 and iTOUGH2 are powerful models that simulate the heat and fluid flows in porous and fracture media, and perform parameter estimation, sensitivity analysis and uncertainty propagation analysis. However, setting up the input files is not only tedious, but error prone, and processing output files is time consuming. In this study, we present an open source Matlab-based tool (iMatTOUGH) that supports the generation of all necessary inputs for both TOUGH2 and iTOUGH2 and visualize their outputs. The tool links the inputs of TOUGH2 and iTOUGH2, making sure the two input files are consistent. It supports the generation of rectangular computational mesh, i.e., it automatically generates the elements and connections as well as their properties as required by TOUGH2. The tool also allows the specification of initial and time-dependent boundary conditions for better subsurface heat and water flow simulations. The effectiveness of the tool is illustrated by an example that uses TOUGH2 and iTOUGH2 to estimate soil hydrological and thermal properties from soil temperature data and simulate the heat and water flows at the Rifle site in Colorado. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Tran (Anh Phuong), Anh Phuong (Tran) AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Hubbard, Susan Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 132 EP - 143 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 89 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - fractured materials KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - iTOUGH2 KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - fluid phase KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - visualization KW - Rifle Colorado KW - movement KW - propagation KW - uncertainty KW - MATLAB KW - heat flux KW - porous materials KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - Colorado KW - water resources KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797537971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=iMatTOUGH%3B+an+open+source+Matlab-based+graphical+user+interface+for+pre-+and+post-processing+of+TOUGH2+and+iTOUGH2+models&rft.au=Tran+%28Anh+Phuong%29%2C+Anh+Phuong+%28Tran%29%3BDafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BHubbard%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Tran+%28Anh+Phuong%29&rft.aufirst=Anh+Phuong&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2016.02.006 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; Colorado; computer programs; data processing; fluid phase; fractured materials; Garfield County Colorado; geothermal energy; heat flux; iTOUGH2; mathematical methods; MATLAB; models; movement; petroleum; porous materials; propagation; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; Rifle Colorado; simulation; TOUGH2; uncertainty; United States; visualization; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2016.02.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trajectory-based modeling of fluid transport in a medium with smoothly varying heterogeneity AN - 1794501325; PQ0003150481 AB - Using an asymptotic methodology, valid in the presence of smoothly varying heterogeneity and prescribed boundaries, we derive a trajectory-based solution for tracer transport. The analysis produces a Hamilton-Jacobi partial differential equation for the phase of the propagating tracer front. The trajectories follow from the characteristic equations that are equivalent to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. The paths are determined by the fluid velocity field, the total porosity, and the dispersion tensor. Due to their dependence upon the local hydrodynamic dispersion, they differ from conventional streamlines. This difference is borne out in numerical calculations for both uniform and dipole flow fields. In an application to the computational X-ray imaging of a saline tracer test, we illustrate that the trajectories may serve as the basis for a form of tracer tomography. In particular, we use the onset time of a change in attenuation for each volume element of the X-ray image as a measure of the arrival time of the saline tracer. The arrival times are used to image the spatial variation of the effective hydraulic conductivity within the laboratory sample. Key Points: * A semianalytic solution for tracer transport is introduced * A fully general dispersion tensor and smoothly varying heterogeneity are included in the model * The approach forms the basis for an efficient imaging or inversion algorithm JF - Water Resources Research AU - Vasco, D W AU - Pride, Steven R AU - Commer, Michael AD - Energy Geosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 2618 EP - 2646 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 52 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Flow KW - Hydraulic conductivity KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Algorithms KW - Water resources KW - Differential Equations KW - Tracers KW - X-rays KW - Heterogeneity KW - Modelling KW - Mathematical models KW - Streamlines KW - Laboratories KW - Porosity KW - Velocity KW - Inversions KW - Imaging techniques KW - Model Studies KW - Differential equations KW - Tracer transport KW - Fronts KW - Boundaries KW - Water resources research KW - Dispersion models KW - Dispersion KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1794501325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Trajectory-based+modeling+of+fluid+transport+in+a+medium+with+smoothly+varying+heterogeneity&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W%3BPride%2C+Steven+R%3BCommer%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=4564&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013WR013842 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tracers; Streamlines; Mathematical models; Porosity; Water resources; Imaging techniques; Differential equations; Modelling; Dispersion; Hydraulic conductivity; Tracer transport; Fronts; Hydrodynamics; Algorithms; Dispersion models; Water resources research; Inversions; Flow; X-rays; Laboratories; Boundaries; Velocity; Differential Equations; Heterogeneity; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017646 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the sizes and lifetimes of cold pools AN - 1790938935; PQ0003064372 AB - Cold pools of air, which are formed by evaporating precipitation, play a critical role in the triggering of new precipitation. Despite their recognized importance, little effort has been devoted to building simple models of their dynamics. Here, analytical equations are derived for the radius, height, and buoyancy of a cylindrical cold pool as a function of time, and a scale analysis reveals that entrainment is a dominant influence. These governing equations yield simple expressions for the maximum sizes and lifetimes of cold pools. The terminal radius of a cold pool is relatively insensitive to its initial conditions, with a typical maximum radius of about 14 times the initial radius, give or take a factor of 2. The terminal time of a cold pool, on the other hand, can vary over orders of magnitude depending on its initial potential and kinetic energies. These predictions are validated against large-eddy simulations. JF - Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society AU - Romps, David M AU - Jeevanjee, Nadir AD - Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 1517 EP - 1527 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 142 IS - 696 SN - 0035-9009, 0035-9009 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Marine KW - Entrainment KW - Mathematical models KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Brackish KW - Pools KW - Simulation KW - Oceanic eddies KW - Precipitation KW - Large eddy simulations KW - Buildings KW - Cold pools KW - Kinetic Energy KW - Yield KW - Initial conditions KW - Buoyancy KW - Modelling KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790938935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quarterly+Journal+of+the+Royal+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=On+the+sizes+and+lifetimes+of+cold+pools&rft.au=Romps%2C+David+M%3BJeevanjee%2C+Nadir&rft.aulast=Romps&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=696&rft.spage=1517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quarterly+Journal+of+the+Royal+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00359009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fqj.2754 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Mathematical models; Simulation; Oceanic eddies; Modelling; Buoyancy; Entrainment; Precipitation; Initial conditions; Large eddy simulations; Cold pools; Yield; Simulation Analysis; Pools; Buildings; Kinetic Energy; Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.2754 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimated effect of ventilation and filtration on chronic health risks in U.S. offices, schools, and retail stores AN - 1780504977; PQ0002833089 AB - We assessed the chronic health risks from inhalation exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate matter (PM2.5) in U.S. offices, schools, grocery, and other retail stores and evaluated how chronic health risks were affected by changes in ventilation rates and air filtration efficiency. Representative concentrations of VOCs and PM2.5 were obtained from available data. Using a mass balance model, changes in exposure to VOCs and PM2.5 were predicted if ventilation rate were to increase or decrease by a factor of two, and if higher efficiency air filters were used. Indoor concentrations were compared to health guidelines to estimate percentage exceedances. The estimated chronic health risks associated with VOC and PM2.5 exposures in these buildings were low relative to the risks from exposures in homes. Chronic health risks were driven primarily by exposures to PM2.5 that were evaluated using disease incidence of mortality, chronic bronchitis, and non-fatal stroke. The leading cancer risk factor was exposure to formaldehyde. Using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) to account for both cancer and non-cancer effects, results suggest that increasing ventilation alone is ineffective at reducing chronic health burdens. Other strategies, such as pollutant source control and the use of particle filtration, should also be considered. JF - Indoor Air AU - Chan, W R AU - Parthasarathy, S AU - Fisk, W J AU - McKone, TE AD - Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/04// PY - 2016 DA - April 2016 SP - 331 EP - 343 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Ventilation KW - Particulate matter KW - Formaldehyde KW - Particulates KW - Models KW - Pollutants KW - Risk factors KW - Bronchitis KW - Particle size KW - Pollutant removal KW - Mortality KW - Data processing KW - Guidelines KW - Stroke KW - Buildings KW - Cancer KW - Filters KW - Health risks KW - Filtration KW - Schools KW - Air purification KW - volatile organic compounds KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780504977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Estimated+effect+of+ventilation+and+filtration+on+chronic+health+risks+in+U.S.+offices%2C+schools%2C+and+retail+stores&rft.au=Chan%2C+W+R%3BParthasarathy%2C+S%3BFisk%2C+W+J%3BMcKone%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fina.12189 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Mortality; Data processing; Ventilation; Stroke; Particulate matter; Formaldehyde; Cancer; Models; Filters; Filtration; Pollutants; Risk factors; volatile organic compounds; Bronchitis; Particle size; Pollutant removal; Guidelines; Particulates; Buildings; Health risks; Schools; Air purification; Volatile organic compounds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ina.12189 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of pH-sensing Sites in the Light Harvesting Complex Stress-related 3 Protein Essential for Triggering Non-photochemical Quenching in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. AN - 1777983399; 26817847 AB - Light harvesting complex stress-related 3 (LHCSR3) is the protein essential for photoprotective excess energy dissipation (non-photochemical quenching, NPQ) in the model green algaChlamydomonas reinhardtii Activation of NPQ requires low pH in the thylakoid lumen, which is induced in excess light conditions and sensed by lumen-exposed acidic residues. In this work we have used site-specific mutagenesisin vivoandin vitrofor identification of the residues in LHCSR3 that are responsible for sensing lumen pH. Lumen-exposed protonatable residues, aspartate and glutamate, were mutated to asparagine and glutamine, respectively. By expression in a mutant lacking all LHCSR isoforms, residues Asp(117), Glu(221), and Glu(224)were shown to be essential for LHCSR3-dependent NPQ induction inC. reinhardtii Analysis of recombinant proteins carrying the same mutations refoldedin vitrowith pigments showed that the capacity of responding to low pH by decreasing the fluorescence lifetime, present in the wild-type protein, was lost. Consistent with a role in pH sensing, the mutations led to a substantial reduction in binding the NPQ inhibitor dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Ballottari, Matteo AU - Truong, Thuy B AU - De Re, Eleonora AU - Erickson, Erika AU - Stella, Giulio R AU - Fleming, Graham R AU - Bassi, Roberto AU - Niyogi, Krishna K AD - From the Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy. ; the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102. ; the Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and the Graduate Group in Applied Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720. ; the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102, the Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and. ; From the Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy, the Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ-Paris 6, CNRS, UMR 7238, Laboratoire de Biologie Computationnelle et Quantitative, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France. ; the Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and the Graduate Group in Applied Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 the Department of Chemistry, Hildebrand B77, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460. ; From the Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy, roberto.bassi@univr.it. ; the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102, the Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, and niyogi@berkeley.edu. Y1 - 2016/04/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Apr 01 SP - 7334 EP - 7346 VL - 291 IS - 14 KW - Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - photosynthesis KW - fluorescence KW - plant biochemistry KW - non-photochemical quenching KW - photosystem II KW - photosynthetic pigment KW - photoprotection KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Mutation, Missense KW - Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes -- genetics KW - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii -- metabolism KW - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii -- genetics KW - Thylakoids -- metabolism KW - Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes -- metabolism KW - Thylakoids -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777983399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Identification+of+pH-sensing+Sites+in+the+Light+Harvesting+Complex+Stress-related+3+Protein+Essential+for+Triggering+Non-photochemical+Quenching+in+Chlamydomonas+reinhardtii.&rft.au=Ballottari%2C+Matteo%3BTruong%2C+Thuy+B%3BDe+Re%2C+Eleonora%3BErickson%2C+Erika%3BStella%2C+Giulio+R%3BFleming%2C+Graham+R%3BBassi%2C+Roberto%3BNiyogi%2C+Krishna+K&rft.aulast=Ballottari&rft.aufirst=Matteo&rft.date=2016-04-01&rft.volume=291&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=7334&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=1083-351X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M115.704601 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-08-15 N1 - Date created - 2016-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nature. 2000 Jan 27;403(6768):391-5 [10667783] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Jan;1817(1):143-57 [21704018] Plant Cell. 2002 Aug;14(8):1801-16 [12172023] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Nov 12;99(23):15222-7 [12417767] Plant Cell Physiol. 2004 Feb;45(2):138-45 [14988484] Nature. 2004 Mar 18;428(6980):287-92 [15029188] J Biol Chem. 2004 May 28;279(22):22866-74 [15033974] FEBS Lett. 1991 Nov 4;292(1-2):1-4 [1959588] FEBS Lett. 1992 Sep 7;309(2):175-9 [1380472] Nature. 1994 Feb 17;367(6464):614-21 [8107845] Biochemistry. 1996 Jan 23;35(3):674-8 [8547246] Eur J Biochem. 1996 May 15;238(1):112-20 [8665927] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 26;93(24):14204-9 [8943085] FEBS Lett. 1997 Feb 3;402(2-3):151-6 [9037185] Biochemistry. 1998 Jul 14;37(28):9999-10005 [9665705] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 31;96(18):10056-61 [10468561] Eur J Biochem. 2004 Dec;271(23-24):4659-65 [15606753] Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):433-6 [15662017] Photosynth Res. 2005 Aug;85(2):221-33 [16075322] Biochemistry. 2006 Nov 28;45(47):14140-54 [17115709] FEBS Lett. 2007 Jul 24;581(18):3528-32 [17624333] Nature. 2007 Nov 22;450(7169):575-8 [18033302] J Biol Chem. 2008 Feb 8;283(6):3550-8 [17991753] BMC Bioinformatics. 2008;9:40 [18215316] J Biol Chem. 2008 Mar 28;283(13):8434-45 [18070876] Science. 2008 May 9;320(5877):794-7 [18467588] FEBS Lett. 2008 Oct 29;582(25-26):3625-31 [18834884] Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2013 Jun;16(3):307-14 [23583332] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jun 11;110(24):10016-21 [23716695] Planta. 2012 Jan;235(1):193-204 [21866345] J Biol Chem. 2012 Feb 17;287(8):5833-47 [22205699] Extremophiles. 2012 Mar;16(2):193-203 [22212653] J Biol Chem. 2012 May 11;287(20):16276-88 [22431727] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 May 29;109(22):8405-10 [22586081] Plant Physiol. 2013 Feb;161(2):853-65 [23209128] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Mar;1827(3):348-54 [23159727] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Jun;1827(6):738-44 [23466337] Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2013 Jul;12(7):1135-43 [23396391] Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2013 Aug 7;15(29):12253-61 [23771239] J Phys Chem B. 2013 Sep 26;117(38):11337-48 [23786371] Plant Cell. 2013 Sep;25(9):3519-34 [24014548] J Am Chem Soc. 2013 Dec 11;135(49):18339-42 [24261574] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2014 Apr 19;369(1640):20130221 [24591708] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Sep;1837(9):1533-9 [24321504] Photosynth Res. 2015 May;124(2):171-80 [25744389] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2015 Sep;22(9):729-35 [26258636] J Biol Chem. 2015 Oct 2;290(40):24340-54 [26260788] Photochem Photobiol. 2008 Nov-Dec;84(6):1359-70 [19067957] J Biol Chem. 2009 Mar 20;284(12):8103-13 [19129188] Nature. 2009 Nov 26;462(7272):518-21 [19940928] J Biol Chem. 2010 Jan 29;285(5):3478-86 [19923216] Biochem Soc Trans. 2010 Apr;38(2):651-60 [20298238] Nat Protoc. 2010 Apr;5(4):725-38 [20360767] Chemphyschem. 2010 Apr 26;11(6):1289-96 [20127930] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jun 15;107(24):11128-33 [20505121] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Aug;1797(8):1449-57 [20388491] J Biol Chem. 2010 Sep 3;285(36):28309-21 [20584907] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Oct 19;107(42):18214-9 [20921421] PLoS Biol. 2011;9(1):e1000577 [21267060] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2011 Mar;18(3):309-15 [21297637] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 8;108(10):3848-53 [21321222] Plant Cell Environ. 2011 Jun;34(6):922-32 [21332514] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Jan;1817(1):167-81 [21569757] Biochemistry. 2001 Oct 23;40(42):12552-61 [11601979] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.704601 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomimetic Hierarchical Assembly of Helical Supraparticles from Chiral Nanoparticles. AN - 1775382255; 26900920 AB - Chiroptical materials found in butterflies, beetles, stomatopod crustaceans, and other creatures are attributed to biocomposites with helical motifs and multiscale hierarchical organization. These structurally sophisticated materials self-assemble from primitive nanoscale building blocks, a process that is simpler and more energy efficient than many top-down methods currently used to produce similarly sized three-dimensional materials. Here, we report that molecular-scale chirality of a CdTe nanoparticle surface can be translated to nanoscale helical assemblies, leading to chiroptical activity in the visible electromagnetic range. Chiral CdTe nanoparticles coated with cysteine self-organize around Te cores to produce helical supraparticles. D-/L-Form of the amino acid determines the dominant left/right helicity of the supraparticles. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations with a helical pair-potential confirm the assembly mechanism and the origin of its enantioselectivity, providing a framework for engineering three-dimensional chiral materials by self-assembly. The helical supraparticles further self-organize into lamellar crystals with liquid crystalline order, demonstrating the possibility of hierarchical organization and with multiple structural motifs and length scales determined by molecular-scale asymmetry of nanoparticle interactions. JF - ACS nano AU - Zhou, Yunlong AU - Marson, Ryan L AU - van Anders, Greg AU - Zhu, Jian AU - Ma, Guanxiang AU - Ercius, Peter AU - Sun, Kai AU - Yeom, Bongjun AU - Glotzer, Sharon C AU - Kotov, Nicholas A AD - Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CNITECH.CAS-Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, People's Republic of China. ; National Center for Electron Microscopy, the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University , Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, South Korea. Y1 - 2016/03/22/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 22 SP - 3248 EP - 3256 VL - 10 IS - 3 KW - Cadmium Compounds KW - 0 KW - Cysteine KW - K848JZ4886 KW - Tellurium KW - NQA0O090ZJ KW - cadmium telluride KW - STG188WO13 KW - Index Medicus KW - self-assembly KW - supraparticles KW - virus-like nanostructures KW - chirality KW - biomimetic nanoparticles KW - helices KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Models, Molecular KW - Nanotechnology -- methods KW - Biomimetics -- methods KW - Viruses -- chemistry KW - Cysteine -- chemistry KW - Tellurium -- chemistry KW - Biomimetic Materials -- chemistry KW - Nanoparticles -- ultrastructure KW - Cadmium Compounds -- chemistry KW - Nanoparticles -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1775382255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Biomimetic+Hierarchical+Assembly+of+Helical+Supraparticles+from+Chiral+Nanoparticles.&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Yunlong%3BMarson%2C+Ryan+L%3Bvan+Anders%2C+Greg%3BZhu%2C+Jian%3BMa%2C+Guanxiang%3BErcius%2C+Peter%3BSun%2C+Kai%3BYeom%2C+Bongjun%3BGlotzer%2C+Sharon+C%3BKotov%2C+Nicholas+A&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Yunlong&rft.date=2016-03-22&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=3248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facsnano.5b05983 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-12-16 N1 - Date created - 2016-03-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b05983 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion adsorption and diffusion in smectite; molecular, pore, and continuum scale views AN - 1789748809; 2016-045225 AB - Clay-rich media have been proposed as engineered barrier materials or host rocks for high level radioactive waste repositories in several countries. Hence, a detailed understanding of adsorption and diffusion in these materials is needed, not only for radioactive contaminants, but also for predominant earth metals, which can affect radionuclide speciation and diffusion. The prediction of adsorption and diffusion in clay-rich media, however, is complicated by the similarity between the width of clay nanopores and the thickness of the electrical double layer (EDL) at charged clay mineral-water interfaces. Because of this similarity, the distinction between 'bulk liquid' water and 'surface' water (i.e., EDL water) in clayey media can be ambiguous. Hence, the goal of this study was to examine the ability of existing pore scale conceptual models (single porosity models) to link molecular and macroscopic scale data on adsorption and diffusion in compacted smectite. Macroscopic scale measurements of the adsorption and diffusion of calcium, bromide, and tritiated water in Na-montmorillonite were modeled using a multi-component reactive transport approach while testing a variety of conceptual models of pore scale properties (adsorption and diffusion in individual pores). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out under conditions similar to those of our macroscopic scale diffusion experiments to help constrain the pore scale models. Our results indicate that single porosity models cannot be simultaneously consistent with our MD simulation results and our macroscopic scale diffusion data. A dual porosity model, which allows for the existence of a significant fraction of bulk liquid water-even at conditions where the average pore width is only a few nanometers-may be required to describe both pore scale and macroscopic scale data. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Tinnacher, Ruth M AU - Holmboe, Michael AU - Tournassat, Christophe AU - Bourg, Ian C AU - Davis, James A Y1 - 2016/03/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 15 SP - 130 EP - 149 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 177 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - solute transport KW - silicates KW - geologic hazards KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - simulation KW - ions KW - reservoir rocks KW - radioactive waste KW - environmental management KW - radioactive isotopes KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - phase equilibria KW - molecular dynamics KW - pH KW - liquid phase KW - PHREEQC KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - smectite KW - pollution KW - properties KW - equations KW - adsorption KW - porosity KW - clay minerals KW - molecular structure KW - models KW - mathematical methods KW - natural hazards KW - theoretical models KW - sheet silicates KW - reservoir properties KW - waste disposal KW - reactive barriers KW - crystal chemistry KW - nanoparticles KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789748809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Ion+adsorption+and+diffusion+in+smectite%3B+molecular%2C+pore%2C+and+continuum+scale+views&rft.au=Tinnacher%2C+Ruth+M%3BHolmboe%2C+Michael%3BTournassat%2C+Christophe%3BBourg%2C+Ian+C%3BDavis%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Tinnacher&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft.date=2016-03-15&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.12.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 132 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; clay minerals; crystal chemistry; diffusion; environmental management; equations; experimental studies; geologic hazards; ions; isotopes; liquid phase; mathematical methods; models; molecular dynamics; molecular structure; nanoparticles; natural hazards; pH; phase equilibria; PHREEQC; pollutants; pollution; porosity; properties; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity; reactive barriers; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; simulation; smectite; solute transport; statistical analysis; theoretical models; transport; waste disposal; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.12.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural Basis of Cyclic Nucleotide Selectivity in cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase II. AN - 1772837854; 26769964 AB - Membrane-bound cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) II is a key regulator of bone growth, renin secretion, and memory formation. Despite its crucial physiological roles, little is known about its cyclic nucleotide selectivity mechanism due to a lack of structural information. Here, we find that the C-terminal cyclic nucleotide binding (CNB-B) domain of PKG II binds cGMP with higher affinity and selectivity when compared with its N-terminal CNB (CNB-A) domain. To understand the structural basis of cGMP selectivity, we solved co-crystal structures of the CNB domains with cyclic nucleotides. Our structures combined with mutagenesis demonstrate that the guanine-specific contacts at Asp-412 and Arg-415 of the αC-helix of CNB-B are crucial for cGMP selectivity and activation of PKG II. Structural comparison with the cGMP selective CNB domains of human PKG I and Plasmodium falciparum PKG (PfPKG) shows different contacts with the guanine moiety, revealing a unique cGMP selectivity mechanism for PKG II. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Campbell, James C AU - Kim, Jeong Joo AU - Li, Kevin Y AU - Huang, Gilbert Y AU - Reger, Albert S AU - Matsuda, Shinya AU - Sankaran, Banumathi AU - Link, Todd M AU - Yuasa, Keizo AU - Ladbury, John E AU - Casteel, Darren E AU - Kim, Choel AD - From the Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program. ; Department of Pharmacology, and the Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Hesse 34132, Germany. ; the Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005. ; Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030. ; Department of Pharmacology, and. ; the Department of Biological Science and Technology, the University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan. ; the Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720. ; the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, and. ; From the Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, and. ; the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093. ; From the Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Department of Pharmacology, and Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, ckim@bcm.edu. Y1 - 2016/03/11/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 11 SP - 5623 EP - 5633 VL - 291 IS - 11 KW - Cyclic AMP KW - E0399OZS9N KW - Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II KW - EC 2.7.11.12 KW - Cyclic GMP KW - H2D2X058MU KW - Index Medicus KW - cyclic nucleotide KW - X-ray crystallography KW - serine/threonine protein kinase KW - allosteric regulation KW - second messenger KW - ligand-binding protein KW - NO-cGMP signaling KW - receptor structure-function KW - cGMP-dependent protein kinase KW - cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNB) KW - protein kinase G (PKG) KW - Animals KW - COS Cells KW - Models, Molecular KW - Humans KW - HEK293 Cells KW - Cercopithecus aethiops KW - Cyclic AMP -- metabolism KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Allosteric Regulation KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Cyclic GMP -- metabolism KW - Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II -- metabolism KW - Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1772837854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Structural+Basis+of+Cyclic+Nucleotide+Selectivity+in+cGMP-dependent+Protein+Kinase+II.&rft.au=Campbell%2C+James+C%3BKim%2C+Jeong+Joo%3BLi%2C+Kevin+Y%3BHuang%2C+Gilbert+Y%3BReger%2C+Albert+S%3BMatsuda%2C+Shinya%3BSankaran%2C+Banumathi%3BLink%2C+Todd+M%3BYuasa%2C+Keizo%3BLadbury%2C+John+E%3BCasteel%2C+Darren+E%3BKim%2C+Choel&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2016-03-11&rft.volume=291&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=5623&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=1083-351X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M115.691303 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-08-03 N1 - Date created - 2016-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - 4KU7; PDB; 3OCP; 5C6C N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Biol Chem. 2000 Sep 8;275(36):28053-62 [10864932] Science. 1996 Dec 20;274(5295):2082-6 [8953039] Protein Sci. 2004 Feb;13(2):370-80 [14739323] J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 25;261(3):1208-14 [3003061] J Biol Chem. 1989 May 5;264(13):7734-41 [2540204] J Biol Chem. 1997 May 2;272(18):11816-23 [9115239] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Feb 17;95(4):1466-71 [9465038] Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 1999 Aug;36(4):275-328 [10486703] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Dec;60(Pt 12 Pt 1):2126-32 [15572765] Drug Discov Today. 2005 May 1;10(9):627-34 [15894227] Front Biosci. 2005;10:2150-64 [15970484] Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2005 Sep;289(3):C708-16 [15872007] Physiol Rev. 2006 Jan;86(1):1-23 [16371594] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2006 Aug;62(Pt 8):859-66 [16855301] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Jan;8(1):63-73 [17183361] Biochem J. 2007 Oct 1;407(1):69-77 [17516914] Neuron. 2007 Nov 21;56(4):670-88 [18031684] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2008 Jan;64(Pt 1):61-9 [18094468] Nat Methods. 2008 Apr;5(4):277-8 [18376388] Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2009;(191):163-93 [19089330] J Biol Chem. 2009 May 29;284(22):14796-808 [19282289] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Feb;66(Pt 2):213-21 [20124702] J Struct Biol. 2010 Oct;172(1):3-13 [20541610] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2011 Apr;67(Pt 4):235-42 [21460441] PLoS One. 2011;6(4):e18413 [21526164] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2012 Apr;68(Pt 4):352-67 [22505256] Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14(4):8025-46 [23584022] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2013 Jul;69(Pt 7):1215-22 [23793147] Nat Protoc. 2014 Jan;9(1):156-70 [24356774] Structure. 2014 Jan 7;22(1):116-24 [24239458] Biochemistry. 2014 Nov 4;53(43):6725-7 [25271401] Physiol Rev. 2002 Jul;82(3):769-824 [12087135] Neurochem Res. 1993 Jan;18(1):27-42 [8385276] J Biol Chem. 1993 Jun 25;268(18):13586-91 [8514791] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Sep 27;91(20):9426-30 [7937783] PLoS Pathog. 2015 Feb;11(2):e1004639 [25646845] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.691303 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural Basis of Stereospecificity in the Bacterial Enzymatic Cleavage of β-Aryl Ether Bonds in Lignin. AN - 1770878408; 26637355 AB - Lignin is a combinatorial polymer comprising monoaromatic units that are linked via covalent bonds. Although lignin is a potential source of valuable aromatic chemicals, its recalcitrance to chemical or biological digestion presents major obstacles to both the production of second-generation biofuels and the generation of valuable coproducts from lignin's monoaromatic units. Degradation of lignin has been relatively well characterized in fungi, but it is less well understood in bacteria. A catabolic pathway for the enzymatic breakdown of aromatic oligomers linked via β-aryl ether bonds typically found in lignin has been reported in the bacterium Sphingobium sp. SYK-6. Here, we present x-ray crystal structures and biochemical characterization of the glutathione-dependent β-etherases, LigE and LigF, from this pathway. The crystal structures show that both enzymes belong to the canonical two-domain fold and glutathione binding site architecture of the glutathione S-transferase family. Mutagenesis of the conserved active site serine in both LigE and LigF shows that, whereas the enzymatic activity is reduced, this amino acid side chain is not absolutely essential for catalysis. The results include descriptions of cofactor binding sites, substrate binding sites, and catalytic mechanisms. Because β-aryl ether bonds account for 50-70% of all interunit linkages in lignin, understanding the mechanism of enzymatic β-aryl ether cleavage has significant potential for informing ongoing studies on the valorization of lignin. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Helmich, Kate E AU - Pereira, Jose Henrique AU - Gall, Daniel L AU - Heins, Richard A AU - McAndrew, Ryan P AU - Bingman, Craig AU - Deng, Kai AU - Holland, Keefe C AU - Noguera, Daniel R AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Sale, Kenneth L AU - Ralph, John AU - Donohue, Timothy J AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Phillips, George N AD - From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, the United States Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53726. ; the Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, the Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720. ; the United States Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, the Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering and. ; the Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, the Biological and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551. ; From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706. ; the United States Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, tdonohue@bact.wisc.edu. ; the Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, the Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, the Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and pdadams@lbl.gov. ; the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251 georgep@rice.edu. Y1 - 2016/03/04/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 04 SP - 5234 EP - 5246 VL - 291 IS - 10 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Lignin KW - 9005-53-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - aryl ether cleaving enzyme KW - Index Medicus KW - enzyme catalysis KW - X-ray crystallography KW - stereoselectivity KW - enzyme mechanism KW - lignin degradation KW - protein structure KW - plant cell wall KW - enzyme structure KW - structural enzymology KW - Conserved Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Proteobacteria -- enzymology KW - Protein Binding KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Oxidoreductases -- genetics KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Bacterial Proteins -- chemistry KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- chemistry KW - Catalytic Domain KW - Lignin -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770878408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Joint+Aquatic+Sciences+Meeting+%28JASM+2014%29&rft.atitle=Microbial+Diversity+and+Carbon+Cycling+in+San+Francisco+Bay+Wetlands&rft.au=Theroux%2C+S%3BHartman%2C+W%3BHe%2C+S%3BTringe%2C+S&rft.aulast=Theroux&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-05-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Joint+Aquatic+Sciences+Meeting+%28JASM+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-08-09 N1 - Date created - 2016-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - 1GSQ; PDB; 1LJR; 4XT0; 2GSR; 3LFL; 2PMT; 2GST; 1GUH; 4G10; 4YAN; 4YAM N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Structure. 1998 Mar 15;6(3):309-22 [9551553] J Comput Chem. 2011 Jul 30;32(10):2149-59 [21541955] J Mol Biol. 1998 Aug 7;281(1):135-47 [9680481] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Dec;60(Pt 12 Pt 1):2126-32 [15572765] Protein Expr Purif. 2005 Apr;40(2):256-67 [15766867] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005;45:51-88 [15822171] Int Microbiol. 2005 Sep;8(3):195-204 [16200498] Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2007 Jan;71(1):1-15 [17213657] Biochem J. 2007 Apr 15;403(2):267-74 [17223798] Nucleic Acids Res. 2007 Jul;35(Web Server issue):W375-83 [17452350] Biochem J. 2007 Aug 15;406(1):115-23 [17484723] J Mol Biol. 2007 Sep 21;372(3):774-97 [17681537] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2008 Jan;64(Pt 1):61-9 [18094468] Proteins. 2008 May 1;71(2):982-94 [18004753] FEBS J. 2009 Jan;276(1):58-75 [19016852] Genome Biol. 2008;9(12):242 [19133109] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2009 Jun;65(Pt 6):582-601 [19465773] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Aug;75(16):5195-201 [19542348] PLoS One. 2009;4(12):e8119 [19956581] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Feb;66(Pt 2):213-21 [20124702] Nat Protoc. 2010 Apr;5(4):725-38 [20360767] J Biol Chem. 2011 Feb 11;286(6):4271-9 [21106529] Drug Metab Rev. 2011 May;43(2):138-51 [21428697] Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2011 Jun;22(3):394-400 [21071202] Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jul;39(Web Server issue):W270-7 [21624888] Nat Prod Rep. 2011 Nov;28(12):1883-96 [21918777] FEBS Lett. 2012 Nov 16;586(22):3944-50 [23058289] J Biol Chem. 2012 Nov 9;287(46):39001-11 [23007392] PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e77985 [24205054] J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Aug;47(8):2991-6 [10552598] Proteins. 2001 Jan 1;42(1):38-48 [11093259] J Basic Microbiol. 2001;41(3-4):185-227 [11512451] Biochem J. 2001 Nov 15;360(Pt 1):1-16 [11695986] J Bacteriol. 2003 Mar;185(6):1768-75 [12618439] J Comput Chem. 2004 Oct;25(13):1605-12 [15264254] Science. 1991 Oct 4;254(5028):51-8 [1925561] J Mol Biol. 1993 Jul 5;232(1):192-212 [8331657] Biochemistry. 1994 Feb 8;33(5):1043-52 [8110735] Eur J Biochem. 1994 Mar 15;220(3):645-61 [8143720] J Mol Biol. 1994 Oct 14;243(1):72-92 [7932743] Biochemistry. 1995 Apr 25;34(16):5317-28 [7727393] Chem Res Toxicol. 1997 Jan;10(1):2-18 [9074797] FEBS Lett. 1998 Feb 20;423(2):122-4 [9512342] PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e80298 [24278272] J Biol Chem. 2014 Mar 21;289(12):8656-67 [24509858] Science. 2014 May 16;344(6185):1246843 [24833396] Structure. 1998 Jun 15;6(6):721-34 [9655824] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.694307 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solution-Processable Glass LiI-Li4 SnS4 Superionic Conductors for All-Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries. AN - 1769980879; 26690558 AB - A new, highly conductive (4.1 × 10(-4) S cm(-1) at 30 °C), highly deformable, and dry-air-stable glass 0.4LiI-0.6Li4 SnS4 is prepared using a homogeneous methanol solution. The solution process enables the wetting of any exposed surface of the active materials with highly conductive solidified electrolytes (0.4LiI-0.6Li4 SnS4), resulting in considerable improvements in the electrochemical performance of these electrodes over conventional mixture electrodes. JF - Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) AU - Park, Kern Ho AU - Oh, Dae Yang AU - Choi, Young Eun AU - Nam, Young Jin AU - Han, Lili AU - Kim, Ju-Young AU - Xin, Huolin AU - Lin, Feng AU - Oh, Seung M AU - Jung, Yoon Seok AD - School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, South Korea. ; Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA. ; Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, South Korea. ; Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. ; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea. Y1 - 2016/03/02/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Mar 02 SP - 1874 EP - 1883 VL - 28 IS - 9 KW - solid electrolytes KW - electrodes KW - li-ion batteries KW - nanostructures KW - composites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769980879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+materials+%28Deerfield+Beach%2C+Fla.%29&rft.atitle=Solution-Processable+Glass+LiI-Li4+SnS4+Superionic+Conductors+for+All-Solid-State+Li-Ion+Batteries.&rft.au=Park%2C+Kern+Ho%3BOh%2C+Dae+Yang%3BChoi%2C+Young+Eun%3BNam%2C+Young+Jin%3BHan%2C+Lili%3BKim%2C+Ju-Young%3BXin%2C+Huolin%3BLin%2C+Feng%3BOh%2C+Seung+M%3BJung%2C+Yoon+Seok&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Kern&rft.date=2016-03-02&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1874&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+materials+%28Deerfield+Beach%2C+Fla.%29&rft.issn=1521-4095&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fadma.201505008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-06-29 N1 - Date created - 2016-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201505008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of laboratory data on ultrasonic monitoring of permeability reduction due to biopolymer formation in unconsolidated granular media AN - 1808370214; PQ0002777135 AB - We show how to estimate the fluid permeability changes due to accumulated biopolymer within the pore space of a granular material using laboratory measurements of overall permeability, together with various well-known quantitative measures (e.g., porosity, specific surface area, and formation factor) of the granular medium microstructure. The main focus of the paper is on mutual validation of existing theory and a synthesis of new experimental results. We find that the theory and data are in good agreement within normal experimental uncertainties. We also establish quantitative empirical relationships between seismic and/or acoustic attenuation and overall permeability for these same systems. JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Berryman, J G AU - Kwon, T-H AU - Dou, S AU - Ajo-Franklin, J B AU - Hubbard, S S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 445 EP - 455 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Permeability KW - Pores KW - Acoustics KW - Ultrasonics KW - Porosity KW - Monitoring KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808370214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+laboratory+data+on+ultrasonic+monitoring+of+permeability+reduction+due+to+biopolymer+formation+in+unconsolidated+granular+media&rft.au=Berryman%2C+J+G%3BKwon%2C+T-H%3BDou%2C+S%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+J+B%3BHubbard%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Berryman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1365-2478.12295 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Permeability; Ultrasonics; Porosity; Pores; Acoustics; Monitoring DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12295 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled thermal-hydrological-mechanical behavior of rock mass surrounding a high-temperature thermal energy storage cavern at shallow depth AN - 1797542778; 2016-053750 AB - We numerically model the thermal-hydrological-mechanical (THM) processes within the rock mass surrounding a cavern used for thermal energy storage (TES). We consider a cylindrical rock cavern with a height of 50 m and a radius of 10 m storing thermal energy of 350 degrees C as a conceptual TES model, and simulate its operation for thirty years. At first, the insulator performance are not considered for the purpose of investigating the possible coupled THM behavior of the surrounding rock mass; then, the effects of an insulator are examined for different insulator thicknesses. The key concerns are hydro-thermal multiphase flow and heat transport in the rock mass around the thermal storage cavern, the effect of evaporation of rock mass, thermal impact on near the ground surface and the mechanical behavior of the surrounding rock mass. It is shown that the rock temperature around the cavern rapidly increases in the early stage and, consequently, evaporation of groundwater occurs, raising the fluid pressure. However, evaporation and multiphase flow does not have a significant effect on the heat transfer and mechanical behavior in spite of the high-temperature (350 degrees C) heat source. The simulations showed that large-scale heat flow around a cavern is expected to be conduction-dominated for a reasonable value of rock mass permeability. Thermal expansion as a result of the heating of the rock mass from the storage cavern leads to a ground surface uplift on the order of a few centimeters, and to the development of tensile stress above the storage cavern, increasing the potentials for shear and tensile failures after a few years of the operation. Finally, the analysis shows that high tangential stress in proximity of the storage cavern can some shear failure and local damage, although large rock wall failure could likely be controlled with appropriate insulators and reinforcement. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Park, Jung-Wook AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Ryu, Dongwoo AU - Park, Eui-Seob AU - Synn, Joong-Ho Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 149 EP - 161 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 83 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - TOUGH2 KW - rock masses KW - shear strength KW - heat storage KW - hydraulics KW - numerical models KW - thermal properties KW - stress KW - mechanical properties KW - tensile strength KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - rock mechanics KW - computer programs KW - multiphase flow KW - heat transfer KW - thermomechanical properties KW - high temperature KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797542778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Coupled+thermal-hydrological-mechanical+behavior+of+rock+mass+surrounding+a+high-temperature+thermal+energy+storage+cavern+at+shallow+depth&rft.au=Park%2C+Jung-Wook%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BRyu%2C+Dongwoo%3BPark%2C+Eui-Seob%3BSynn%2C+Joong-Ho&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Jung-Wook&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2016.01.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; heat storage; heat transfer; high temperature; hydraulics; mechanical properties; multiphase flow; numerical models; rock masses; rock mechanics; shear strength; simulation; stress; temperature; tensile strength; thermal properties; thermomechanical properties; TOUGH2 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2016.01.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transforming biomass conversion with ionic liquids: process intensification and the development of a high-gravity, one-pot process for the production of cellulosic ethanol AN - 1790933977; PQ0003093523 AB - Producing concentrated sugars and minimizing water usage are key elements in the economics and environmental sustainability of advanced biofuels. Conventional pretreatment processes that require a water-wash step can result in losses of fermentable sugars and generate large volumes of wastewater or solid waste. To address these problems, we have developed high gravity biomass processing with a one-pot conversion technology that includes ionic liquid pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification, and yeast fermentation for the production of concentrated fermentable sugars and high-titer cellulosic ethanol. The use of dilute bio-derived ionic liquids (a.k.a. bionic liquids) enables one-pot, high-gravity bioethanol production due to their low toxicity to the hydrolytic enzyme mixtures and microbes used. We increased biomass digestibility at >30 wt% loading by understanding the relationship between ionic liquid and biomass loading, yielding 41.1 g L super(-1) of ethanol (equivalent to an overall yield of 74.8% on glucose basis) using an integrated one-pot fed-batch system. Our technoeconomic analysis indicates that the optimized one-pot configuration provides significant economic and environmental benefits for cellulosic biorefineries by reducing the amount of ionic liquid required by similar to 90% and pretreatment-related water inputs and wastewater generation by similar to 85%. In turn, these improvements can reduce net electricity use, greenhouse gas-intensive chemical inputs for wastewater treatment, and waste generation. The result is an overall 40% reduction in the cost of cellulosic ethanol produced and a reduction in local burdens on water resources and waste management infrastructure. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Xu, Feng AU - Sun, Jian AU - Konda, NVSNMurthy AU - Shi, Jian AU - Dutta, Tanmoy AU - Scown, Corinne D AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA; USA Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 1042 EP - 1049 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Yeasts KW - Gravity KW - Fermentation KW - Glucose KW - Water resources KW - Electricity KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Solid wastes KW - Waste management KW - Batch culture KW - Infrastructure KW - Economics KW - Ethanol KW - Sugar KW - Enzymes KW - Toxicity KW - Biomass KW - Sustainability KW - Greenhouses KW - Energy KW - Digestibility KW - Waste water KW - Wastewater KW - Biofuels KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790933977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Transforming+biomass+conversion+with+ionic+liquids%3A+process+intensification+and+the+development+of+a+high-gravity%2C+one-pot+process+for+the+production+of+cellulosic+ethanol&rft.au=Xu%2C+Feng%3BSun%2C+Jian%3BKonda%2C+NVSNMurthy%3BShi%2C+Jian%3BDutta%2C+Tanmoy%3BScown%2C+Corinne+D%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Feng&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1042&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5ee02940f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Fermentation; Gravity; Glucose; Water resources; Enzymes; Toxicity; Electricity; Biomass; Wastewater treatment; Solid wastes; Batch culture; Greenhouses; Energy; Economics; Digestibility; Waste water; Biofuels; Ethanol; Yeasts; Sustainability; Waste management; Infrastructure; Wastewater; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ee02940f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating groundwater dynamics at a Colorado River floodplain site using historical hydrological data and climate information AN - 1787982607; PQ0002966925 AB - Long-term prediction of groundwater dynamics is important for assessing water resources and their impacts on biogeochemical cycling. However, estimating future groundwater dynamics is challenging due to the wide range of spatiotemporal scales in hydrological processes and uncertainty in future climate conditions. In this study, we develop a Bayesian model to combine small-scale historical hydrological data with large-scale climate information to estimate groundwater dynamics at a floodplain site in Rifle, Colorado. Although we have only a few years of groundwater elevation measurements, we have 47 years of streamflow data from a gaging station approximately 43 km upstream and long-term climate prediction on the Upper Colorado River Basin. To estimate future daily groundwater dynamics, we first develop a time series model to downscale the monthly streamflow derived from climate information to daily streamflow, and then transform the daily streamflow to groundwater dynamics at the downstream floodplain site. We use Monte Carlo methods to estimate future groundwater dynamics at the site through sampling from the joint posterior probability distribution. The results suggest that although future groundwater levels are expected to be similar to the current levels, the timing of the high groundwater levels is predicted to occur about 1 month earlier. The developed framework is extendable to other sites to estimate future groundwater dynamics given disparate data sets and climate projections. Additionally, the obtained estimates are being used as input to a site-specific watershed reactive transport models to predict how climate-induced changes will influence future biogeochemical cycling relevant to a variety of ecosystem services. Key Points: * Predict groundwater dynamics using historical streamflow and climate information * No significant trends found in future groundwater levels at the Rifle study site * Peak groundwater levels occur 1 month earlier toward the end of this century JF - Water Resources Research AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Ficklin, Darren L AD - Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 1881 EP - 1898 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Climate change KW - Statistical analysis KW - Water resources KW - Monte Carlo method KW - Groundwater Level KW - Watersheds KW - Groundwater levels KW - USA, Colorado R. KW - Climatic change forecasting KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Climatology KW - Streamflow data KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Climate models KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Estimating KW - Climates KW - Groundwater flow KW - Climate KW - USA, Arizona, Colorado R. basin KW - Brackish KW - Streamflow KW - River basins KW - Water Table KW - Stream flow KW - Flood Plains KW - USA, Colorado KW - Flood plains KW - Groundwater KW - Water resources research KW - Time series models KW - Future climates KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - Q2 09105:Research programmes and expeditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787982607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Estimating+groundwater+dynamics+at+a+Colorado+River+floodplain+site+using+historical+hydrological+data+and+climate+information&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BFicklin%2C+Darren+L&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR017777 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flood plains; Biogeochemistry; Climate change; Climate; Statistical analysis; Water resources; River basins; Watersheds; Stream flow; Hydrologic analysis; Climate models; Groundwater flow; Monte Carlo method; Groundwater levels; Climatic change forecasting; Climatology; Water resources research; Streamflow data; Time series models; Future climates; Flood Plains; Hydrologic Models; Estimating; Climates; Streamflow; Water Table; Groundwater Level; Groundwater; Hydrologic Data; USA, Colorado R.; USA, Colorado; USA, Arizona, Colorado R. basin; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017777 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP)-bypass mevalonate pathways for isopentenol production. AN - 1763702651; 26708516 AB - Branched C5 alcohols are promising biofuels with favorable combustion properties. A mevalonate (MVA)-based isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway for C5 alcohols was constructed in Escherichia coli using genes from several organisms, and the pathway was optimized to achieve over 50% theoretical yield. Although the MVA pathway is energetically less efficient than the native methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, implementing the MVA pathway in bacterial hosts such as E. coli is advantageous due to its lack of endogenous regulation. The MVA and MEP pathways intersect at isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), the direct precursor to isoprenoid-derived C5 alcohols and initial precursor to longer chain terpenes, which makes independent regulation of the pathways difficult. In pursuit of the complete "decoupling" of the MVA pathway from native cellular regulation, we designed novel IPP-bypass MVA pathways for C5 alcohol production by utilizing promiscuous activities of two enzymes, phosphomevalonate decarboxylase (PMD) and an E. coli-endogenous phosphatase (AphA). These bypass pathways have reduced energetic requirements, are further decoupled from intrinsic regulation, and are free from IPP-related toxicity. In addition to these benefits, we demonstrate that reduced aeration rate has less impact on the bypass pathway than the original MVA pathway. Finally, we showed that performance of the bypass pathway was primarily determined by the activity of PMD. We designed PMD mutants with improved activity and demonstrated titer increases in the mutant strains. These modified pathways would be a good platform for industrial production of isopentenol and related chemicals such as isoprene. JF - Metabolic engineering AU - Kang, Aram AU - George, Kevin W AU - Wang, George AU - Baidoo, Edward AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Lee, Taek Soon AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Electronic address: tslee@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2016/03// PY - 2016 DA - March 2016 SP - 25 EP - 35 VL - 34 KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - 0 KW - Hemiterpenes KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Pentanols KW - isopentenol KW - 27214-40-0 KW - isopentenyl pyrophosphate KW - 358-71-4 KW - Mevalonic Acid KW - S5UOB36OCZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Isopentenol KW - IPP KW - Biofuel KW - Mevalonate pathway KW - Isoprenol KW - Toxicity KW - Aeration KW - Phosphomevalonate decarboxylase KW - Signal Transduction -- physiology KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- metabolism KW - Metabolome -- physiology KW - Metabolic Flux Analysis KW - Escherichia coli Proteins -- genetics KW - Metabolic Engineering -- methods KW - Escherichia coli -- metabolism KW - Pentanols -- isolation & purification KW - Metabolic Networks and Pathways -- physiology KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- metabolism KW - Hemiterpenes -- metabolism KW - Mevalonic Acid -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Pentanols -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1763702651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metabolic+engineering&rft.atitle=Isopentenyl+diphosphate+%28IPP%29-bypass+mevalonate+pathways+for+isopentenol+production.&rft.au=Kang%2C+Aram%3BGeorge%2C+Kevin+W%3BWang%2C+George%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BLee%2C+Taek+Soon&rft.aulast=Kang&rft.aufirst=Aram&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Metabolic+engineering&rft.issn=1096-7184&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ymben.2015.12.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-10-24 N1 - Date created - 2016-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2015.12.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does phylogeny control U (super K) (sub 37) -temperature sensitivity? Implications for lacustrine alkenone paleothermometry AN - 1793208339; 2016-047263 AB - Alkenone paleothermometry (via the U (super K) (sub 37) and U (super K') (sub 37) indices) has long been used to reconstruct sea surface temperature and has more recently been proven effective in lacustrine settings. Genetic analyses indicate that there is a diversity of different alkenone-producing lacustrine haptophytes, and differences among U (super K) (sub 37) -temperature calibrations suggest that unique calibrations might be required to quantify past temperature variation from individual lakes. The only term necessary to quantify U (super K) (sub 37) -inferred temperature relative to a reference period (e.g., modern temperature 20th Century mean) is the slope of the calibration regression, the U (super K) (sub 37) -temperature sensitivity (i.e., the change in U (super K) (sub 37) per degrees C temperature change). Here, we bring together all of the existing U (super K) (sub 37) -temperature calibrations in order to compare the variability among U (super K) (sub 37) -temperature sensitivities. We also report a new in situ U (super K) (sub 37) -temperature calibration along with environmental genomic analysis based on the 18S rRNA gene of an alkenone producing haptophyte from lake Vikvatnet in Norway. We propose and test the hypothesis that U (super K) (sub 37) -temperature sensitivity is controlled by phylogeny and that this term can be used to quantify past temperature variation from lake sediments if the genetic identity of the lake's alkenone-producer is known. Using the existing calibration data sets, we determine four phylotype-specific U (super K) (sub 37) -temperature sensitivities for use in cases where in situ calibration is unavailable but the phylogeny of the alkenone producers is known. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - D'Andrea, William J AU - Theroux, Susanna AU - Bradley, Raymond S AU - Huang, Xiaohui Y1 - 2016/02/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Feb 15 SP - 168 EP - 180 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 175 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - geologic thermometry KW - Bayesian analysis KW - gas chromatograms KW - Europe KW - calibration KW - algae KW - paleotemperature KW - sediments KW - alkenones KW - pH KW - Plantae KW - Western Europe KW - in situ KW - phylogeny KW - biochemistry KW - statistical analysis KW - Lake Vikvatnet KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - paleoenvironment KW - chromatograms KW - mathematical methods KW - lacustrine environment KW - reconstruction KW - sea-surface temperature KW - Norway KW - regression analysis KW - microfossils KW - lake sediments KW - ketones KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793208339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Does+phylogeny+control+U+%28super+K%29+%28sub+37%29+-temperature+sensitivity%3F+Implications+for+lacustrine+alkenone+paleothermometry&rft.au=D%27Andrea%2C+William+J%3BTheroux%2C+Susanna%3BBradley%2C+Raymond+S%3BHuang%2C+Xiaohui&rft.aulast=D%27Andrea&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2016-02-15&rft.volume=175&rft.issue=&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.10.031 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; alkenones; Bayesian analysis; biochemistry; calibration; chromatograms; Europe; gas chromatograms; geologic thermometry; in situ; ketones; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; Lake Vikvatnet; mathematical methods; microfossils; Norway; organic compounds; paleoenvironment; paleotemperature; pH; phylogeny; Plantae; reconstruction; regression analysis; Scandinavia; sea-surface temperature; sediments; statistical analysis; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.10.031 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MaxBin 2.0: an automated binning algorithm to recover genomes from multiple metagenomic datasets AN - 1768572209; PQ0002688398 AB - Summary: The recovery of genomes from metagenomic datasets is a critical step to defining the functional roles of the underlying uncultivated populations. We previously developed MaxBin, an automated binning approach for high-throughput recovery of microbial genomes from metagenomes. Here we present an expanded binning algorithm, MaxBin 2.0, which recovers genomes from co-assembly of a collection of metagenomic datasets. Tests on simulated datasets revealed that MaxBin 2.0 is highly accurate in recovering individual genomes, and the application of MaxBin 2.0 to several metagenomes from environmental samples demonstrated that it could achieve two complementary goals: recovering more bacterial genomes compared to binning a single sample as well as comparing the microbial community composition between different sampling environments.Availability and implementation: MaxBin 2.0 is freely available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/maxbin/ under BSD license. Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. JF - Bioinformatics AU - Wu, Yu-Wei AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singer, Steven W AD - *To whom correspondence should be addressed., ywwei@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/02/15/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Feb 15 SP - 605 EP - 607 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 1367-4803, 1367-4803 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Community composition KW - Data processing KW - Algorithms KW - Bioinformatics KW - Sampling KW - Internet KW - N 14810:Methods KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1768572209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=MaxBin+2.0%3A+an+automated+binning+algorithm+to+recover+genomes+from+multiple+metagenomic+datasets&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Wei%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Wei&rft.date=2016-02-15&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioinformatics&rft.issn=13674803&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtv638 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Community composition; Data processing; Algorithms; Sampling; Bioinformatics; Internet DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btv638 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Minimal physical requirements for crystal growth self-poisoning. AN - 1765578893; 26874500 AB - Self-poisoning is a kinetic trap that can impair or prevent crystal growth in a wide variety of physical settings. Here we use dynamic mean-field theory and computer simulation to argue that poisoning is ubiquitous because its emergence requires only the notion that a molecule can bind in two (or more) ways to a crystal; that those ways are not energetically equivalent; and that the associated binding events occur with sufficiently unequal probability. If these conditions are met then the steady-state growth rate is in general a non-monotonic function of the thermodynamic driving force for crystal growth, which is the characteristic of poisoning. Our results also indicate that relatively small changes of system parameters could be used to induce recovery from poisoning. JF - The Journal of chemical physics AU - Whitelam, Stephen AU - Dahal, Yuba Raj AU - Schmit, Jeremy D AD - Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA. Y1 - 2016/02/14/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Feb 14 SP - 064903 VL - 144 IS - 6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Dynamics Simulation KW - Crystallization KW - Thermodynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765578893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+chemical+physics&rft.atitle=Minimal+physical+requirements+for+crystal+growth+self-poisoning.&rft.au=Whitelam%2C+Stephen%3BDahal%2C+Yuba+Raj%3BSchmit%2C+Jeremy+D&rft.aulast=Whitelam&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2016-02-14&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=064903&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+chemical+physics&rft.issn=1089-7690&rft_id=info:doi/10.1063%2F1.4941457 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-10-27 N1 - Date created - 2016-02-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-18 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Phys Rev Lett. 2000 Nov 13;85(20):4397-400 [11060647] Methods. 2004 Nov;34(3):266-72 [15325646] Biophys J. 1997 Aug;73(2):571-80 [9251778] Science. 1997 Sep 26;277(5334):1975-8 [9302288] J Phys Chem B. 2010 Jun 10;114(22):7620-30 [20423058] J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Mar 7;134(9):3934-7 [22339624] J Chem Phys. 2013 May 14;138(18):185102 [23676074] Soft Matter. 2014 Sep 14;10(34):6404-16 [25005537] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 May 5;112(18):5591-6 [25901326] Phys Rev Lett. 2015 Jun 19;114(24):245501 [26196984] Soft Matter. 2016 Jan 7;12(1):93-8 [26439913] Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2016 Jan 1;137:22-31 [26236019] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4941457 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fast high-resolution prediction of multi-phase flow in fractured formations AN - 1832602798; 772150-11 AB - The success of a thermal water flood for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) depends on a detailed representation of the geometrical and hydraulic properties of the fracture network, which induces discrete, channelized flow behavior. The resulting high-resolution model is typically computationally very demanding. Here, we use the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Mapping Method to reconstruct high-resolution solutions based on efficient low-resolution solutions. The method requires training a reduced order model (ROM) using high- and low-resolution solutions determined for a relatively short simulation time. For a cyclic EOR operation, the oil production rate and the heterogeneous structure of the oil saturation are accurately reproduced even after 105 cycles, reducing the computational cost by at least 85%. The method described is general and can be potentially utilized with any multiphase flow model. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Pau, George Shu Heng AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Zhang, Yingqi Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 80 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 88 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - proper orthogonal decomposition mapping method KW - downscaling KW - high-resolution methods KW - fractures KW - saturation KW - multiphase flow KW - rates KW - petroleum KW - simulation KW - production KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832602798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Fast+high-resolution+prediction+of+multi-phase+flow+in+fractured+formations&rft.au=Pau%2C+George+Shu+Heng%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BZhang%2C+Yingqi&rft.aulast=Pau&rft.aufirst=George+Shu&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=&rft.spage=80&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2015.12.008 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, block diags. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - downscaling; fractures; high-resolution methods; multiphase flow; petroleum; production; proper orthogonal decomposition mapping method; rates; saturation; simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.12.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accurate and efficient prediction of fine-resolution hydrologic and carbon dynamic simulations from coarse-resolution models AN - 1812216690; 2016-070535 AB - The topography, and the biotic and abiotic parameters are typically upscaled to make watershed-scale hydrologic-biogeochemical models computationally tractable. However, upscaling procedure can produce biases when nonlinear interactions between different processes are not fully captured at coarse resolutions. Here we applied the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Mapping Method (PODMM) to downscale the field solutions from a coarse (7 km) resolution grid to a fine (220 m) resolution grid. PODMM trains a reduced-order model (ROM) with coarse-resolution and fine-resolution solutions, here obtained using PAWS+CLM, a quasi-3-D watershed processes model that has been validated for many temperate watersheds. Subsequent fine-resolution solutions were approximated based only on coarse-resolution solutions and the ROM. The approximation errors were efficiently quantified using an error estimator. By jointly estimating correlated variables and temporally varying the ROM parameters, we further reduced the approximation errors by up to 20%. We also improved the method's robustness by constructing multiple ROMs using different set of variables, and selecting the best approximation based on the error estimator. The ROMs produced accurate downscaling of soil moisture, latent heat flux, and net primary production with O(1000) reduction in computational cost. The subgrid distributions were also nearly indistinguishable from the ones obtained using the fine-resolution model. Compared to coarse-resolution solutions, biases in upscaled ROM solutions were reduced by up to 80%. This method has the potential to help address the long-standing spatial scaling problem in hydrology and enable long-time integration, parameter estimation, and stochastic uncertainty analysis while accurately representing the heterogeneities. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Pau, George Shu Heng AU - Shen, Chaopeng AU - Riley, William J AU - Liu, Yaning Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 791 EP - 812 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - three-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - biochemistry KW - watersheds KW - prediction KW - Clinton River basin KW - transport KW - dynamics KW - Richards equation KW - carbon KW - mathematical methods KW - Michigan KW - Lake Saint Clair KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812216690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Accurate+and+efficient+prediction+of+fine-resolution+hydrologic+and+carbon+dynamic+simulations+from+coarse-resolution+models&rft.au=Pau%2C+George+Shu+Heng%3BShen%2C+Chaopeng%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BLiu%2C+Yaning&rft.aulast=Pau&rft.aufirst=George+Shu&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR017782 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 111 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon; Clinton River basin; dynamics; hydrology; Lake Saint Clair; mathematical methods; Michigan; numerical analysis; prediction; Richards equation; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017782 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The fan of influence of streams and channel feedbacks to simulated land surface water and carbon dynamics AN - 1812216414; 2016-070540 AB - Large-scale land models assume unidirectional land-to-river hydrological interactions, without considering feedbacks between channels and land. Using a tested, physically based model with explicit multiway interactions between overland, channel, wetland, and groundwater flows, we assessed how the representation and properties of channels influence simulated land surface hydrologic, biogeochemical, and ecosystem dynamics. A zone near the channels where various fluxes and states are significantly influenced by the channels, referred to as the fan of influence (FoI) of channels, has been identified. We elucidated two mechanisms inducing the model-derived FoI: the base flow mechanism, in which incised, gaining streams lower the water table and induce more base flow, and the relatively more efficient conveyance of the channel network compared to overland flow. We systematically varied drainage density and grid resolution to quantify the size of the FoI, which is found to span a large fraction of the watershed (25-50%) for hydrologic variables including depth to water table and recharge, etc. The FoI is more pronounced with low-resolution simulations but remains noticeable in hyperresolution (25 m) subbasin simulations. The FoI and the channel influence on basin-average fluxes are also similar in simulations with alternative parameter sets. We found that high-order, entrenched streams cause larger FoI. In addition, removing the simulated channels has disproportionally large influence on modeled wetland areas and inundation duration, which has implications for coupled biogeochemical or ecological modeling. Our results suggest that explicit channel representation provides important feedbacks to land surface dynamics which should be considered in meso or large-scale simulations. Since grid refinement incurs prohibitive computational cost, subgrid channel parameterization has advantages in efficiency over grid-based representations that do not distinguish between overland flow and channel flow. Abstract Copyright (2016), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Shen, Chaopeng AU - Riley, William J AU - Smithgall, Kurt R AU - Melack, John M AU - Fang, Kuai Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 880 EP - 902 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - networks KW - numerical models KW - surface water KW - data processing KW - channels KW - Grand River KW - transport KW - streamflow KW - dynamics KW - carbon KW - digital simulation KW - drainage basins KW - streams KW - Michigan KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812216414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=The+fan+of+influence+of+streams+and+channel+feedbacks+to+simulated+land+surface+water+and+carbon+dynamics&rft.au=Shen%2C+Chaopeng%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BSmithgall%2C+Kurt+R%3BMelack%2C+John+M%3BFang%2C+Kuai&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=Chaopeng&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=880&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR018086 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 86 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; channels; data processing; digital simulation; drainage basins; dynamics; Grand River; Michigan; networks; numerical models; streamflow; streams; surface water; transport; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018086 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permeability variations within mining-induced fractured rock mass and its influence on groundwater inrush AN - 1807504995; 2016-064799 AB - This paper is concerned with the evaluation of permeability of fractured rock mass due to the cover stress re-establishment, which is a major factor in controlling water and gas flow rate induced by mining operations in fractured rock. The case study considered in this paper is based on the results of observations of groundwater inrush and a decrease in water inflow from the fractured roof strata due to mining advancing in the Taiping Coalmine, Shandong Province, China. A conceptual model of an effective porous media was used to assess the permeability distribution in the fractured zone induced by coal mining. The cover stress re-establishment in gob fractured rock mass was evaluated using an empirical formula based on the surface subsidence. A simplified conceptual model of the fractured zone was used to evaluate the deformation of fractured zone along with the evaluation of changes in the rock permeability above the gob due to the cover stress re-establishment. These data were then used to calculate the water inflow rate into the panel. Predicted water inflow rates have been found to be in good agreement with those from monitoring data. This study improved the understanding of the mechanisms of the post-mining cover stress re-establishment on permeability change of the overburden fracture rock strata. These results can then be applied for numerical simulations of the process of overburden failure and consequent groundwater inrush due to coal mining. Copyright 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Wang, W X AU - Sui, W H AU - Faybishenko, B AU - Stringfellow, W T Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 EP - Article 326 PB - Springer, Berlin VL - 75 IS - 4 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - fractured materials KW - mining KW - Far East KW - geologic hazards KW - underground mining KW - land subsidence KW - rock mechanics KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - Shandong China KW - Asia KW - China KW - mines KW - failures KW - overburden KW - stress KW - coal mines KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - deformation KW - Taiping Mine KW - fracture zones KW - natural hazards KW - theoretical models KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807504995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Permeability+variations+within+mining-induced+fractured+rock+mass+and+its+influence+on+groundwater+inrush&rft.au=Wang%2C+W+X%3BSui%2C+W+H%3BFaybishenko%2C+B%3BStringfellow%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-015-5064-5 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1866-6280 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; coal mines; deformation; failures; Far East; fluid flow; fracture zones; fractured materials; fractures; geologic hazards; ground water; land subsidence; mines; mining; natural hazards; overburden; permeability; porous materials; rock mechanics; Shandong China; stress; Taiping Mine; theoretical models; underground mining DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-5064-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of medium permeability anisotropy on the morphological evolution of two non-uniformities in a geochemical dissolution system AN - 1789752885; 2016-042439 AB - The morphological evolutions of chemical dissolution fronts have attracted increasing interest in the field of the geological sciences and in industrial applications. Extensive research based on numerical simulations has been conducted to understand how various mechanisms and processes influence the morphological evolution of chemical dissolution fronts within geological media. Most researchers in previous studies have assumed the medium permeability to be isotropic for developing numerical models, despite isotropic geological media being uncommon in the real world. This study investigates the effect of medium permeability anisotropy on the morphological evolutions of two non-uniformities with higher permeability in a geochemical dissolution system. A series of numerical simulations are performed to evaluate the effect of medium permeability anisotropy on the morphological evolution of a chemical dissolution front. The simulation results indicate that the patterns of the dissolution reaction front are substantially affected by medium permeability anisotropy. An increase in the permeability anisotropy ratio, which is defined as the ratio of the permeability in the transverse direction to that in the longitudinal direction, enhances the dominance of the flow-focusing effect over the stabilizing or merging effect induced by diffusion/dispersion mechanism. Therefore, an increase in the permeability anisotropy ratio can increase the fingering length of the dissolution front or cause the dissolution front to have a more unstable pattern. By contrast, a reduction in the permeability anisotropy ratio will weaken the flow-focusing effect, thereby reducing the fingering length of the dissolution front or changing the front morphology such that it has a more stable status. The effect of the permeability anisotropy ratio on the morphological evolution tends to decrease when the Zhao number (negative dimensionless upstream pressure gradient) of the system increases. The consideration of medium permeability anisotropy in the geochemical dissolution model renders the simulation of the morphological evolutions of dissolution reaction fronts more realistic. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Lai, Keng-Hsin AU - Chen, Jui-Sheng AU - Liu, Chen-Wuing AU - Shu, Shao-Yiu AU - Steefel, Carl Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 224 EP - 233 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 533 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - dispersivity KW - diffusion KW - anisotropic materials KW - numerical models KW - numerical analysis KW - solutes KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - solubility KW - simulation KW - hydrochemistry KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - reactivity KW - movement KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - mobilization KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - geochemistry KW - permeability KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789752885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+medium+permeability+anisotropy+on+the+morphological+evolution+of+two+non-uniformities+in+a+geochemical+dissolution+system&rft.au=Lai%2C+Keng-Hsin%3BChen%2C+Jui-Sheng%3BLiu%2C+Chen-Wuing%3BShu%2C+Shao-Yiu%3BSteefel%2C+Carl&rft.aulast=Lai&rft.aufirst=Keng-Hsin&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=533&rft.issue=&rft.spage=224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2015.11.039 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropic materials; diffusion; dispersivity; equations; geochemistry; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; mathematical methods; mathematical models; mobilization; movement; numerical analysis; numerical models; permeability; reactivity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; simulation; solubility; solutes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.11.039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of hydrological, biogeochemical and temperature transients on subsurface carbon fluxes in a flood plain environment AN - 1785230092; PQ0002814982 AB - Flood plains play a potentially important role in the global carbon cycle. The accumulation of organic matter in flood plains often induces the formation of chemically reduced groundwater and sediments along riverbanks. In this study, our objective is to evaluate the cumulative impact of such reduced zones, water table fluctuations, and temperature gradients on subsurface carbon fluxes in a flood plain at Rifle, Colorado located along the Colorado River. 2-D coupled variably-saturated, non-isothermal flow and biogeochemical reactive transport modeling was applied to improve our understanding of the abiotic and microbially mediated reactions controlling carbon dynamics at the Rifle site. Model simulations considering only abiotic reactions (thus ignoring microbial reactions) underestimated CO sub(2) partial pressures observed in the unsaturated zone and severely underestimated inorganic (and overestimated organic) carbon fluxes to the river compared to simulations with biotic pathways. Both model simulations and field observations highlighted the need to include microbial contributions from chemolithoautotrophic processes (e.g., Fe super(+2) and S super(-2) oxidation) to match locally-observed high CO sub(2) concentrations above reduced zones. Observed seasonal variations in CO sub(2) concentrations in the unsaturated zone could not be reproduced without incorporating temperature gradients in the simulations. Incorporating temperature fluctuations resulted in an increase in the annual groundwater carbon fluxes to the river by 170 % to 3.3 g m super(-2) d super(-1), while including water table variations resulted in an overall decrease in the simulated fluxes. We conclude that spatial microbial and redox zonation as well as temporal fluctuations of temperature and water table depth contribute significantly to subsurface carbon fluxes in flood plains and need to be represented appropriately in model simulations. JF - Biogeochemistry AU - Arora, Bhavna AU - Spycher, Nicolas F AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Bill, Markus AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AD - Energy Geosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS 74-327R, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, barora@lbl.gov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 367 EP - 396 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 127 IS - 2-3 SN - 0168-2563, 0168-2563 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water table KW - Freshwater KW - Temperature Gradient KW - Models KW - USA, Colorado R. KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Carbon KW - Ground water KW - Pressure KW - Seasonal variations KW - Modelling KW - Temperature effects KW - Rivers KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Organic matter KW - Temperature KW - Carbon cycle KW - River discharge KW - Zonation KW - Water temperature KW - Sediments KW - Flood Plains KW - USA, Colorado KW - Flood plains KW - Oxidation KW - Microorganisms KW - Groundwater KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1785230092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeochemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+hydrological%2C+biogeochemical+and+temperature+transients+on+subsurface+carbon+fluxes+in+a+flood+plain+environment&rft.au=Arora%2C+Bhavna%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas+F%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BMolins%2C+Sergi%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven+B&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=Bhavna&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeochemistry&rft.issn=01682563&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10533-016-0186-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 133 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Carbon; Flood plains; Biogeochemistry; River discharge; Water table; Water temperature; Carbon dioxide; Modelling; Temperature effects; Organic matter; Carbon cycle; Zonation; Sediments; Models; Oxidation; Ground water; Pressure; Seasonal variations; Flood Plains; Hydrologic Models; Microorganisms; Temperature; Groundwater; Temperature Gradient; Carbon Dioxide; USA, Colorado R.; USA, Colorado; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0186-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the use of Darcy's law and invasion-percolation approaches for modeling large-scale geologic carbon sequestration AN - 1776665772; PQ0002777012 AB - Most large-scale flow and transport simulations for geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) applications are carried out using simulators that solve flow equations arising from Darcy's law. Recently, the computational advantages of invasion-percolation (IP) modeling approaches have been presented. We show that both the Darcy's-law- and the gravity-capillary balance solved by IP approaches can be derived from the same multiphase continuum momentum equation. More specifically, Darcy's law arises from assuming creeping flow with no viscous momentum transfer to stationary solid grains, while it is assumed in the IP approach that gravity and capillarity are the dominant driving forces in a quasi-static two-phase (or more) system. There is a long history of use of Darcy's law for large-scale GCS simulation. However, simulations based on Darcy's law commonly include significant numerical dispersion as users employ large grid blocks to keep run times practical. In contrast, the computational simplicity of IP approaches allows large-scale models to honor fine-scale hydrostratigraphic details of the storage formation which makes these IP models suitable for analyzing the impact of small-scale heterogeneities on flow. However, the lack of time-dependence in the IP models is a significant disadvantage, while the ability of Darcy's law to simulate a range of flows from single-phase- and pressure-gradient-driven flows to buoyant multiphase gravity-capillary flow is a significant advantage. We believe on balance that Darcy's law simulations should be the preferred approach to large-scale GCS simulations. copyright 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Mukhopadhyay, Sumit AU - Cihan, Abdullah AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 19 EP - 33 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Capillarity KW - Darcy's law KW - Simulation KW - Chemical industry KW - Storage KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Numerical simulations KW - Geology KW - Grains KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Dispersion models KW - Momentum transfer KW - Science and technology KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776665772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=On+the+use+of+Darcy%27s+law+and+invasion-percolation+approaches+for+modeling+large-scale+geologic+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+Sumit%3BCihan%2C+Abdullah&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1564 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical simulations; Darcy's law; Dispersion models; Greenhouse gases; Science and technology; Momentum transfer; Storage; Historical account; Carbon sequestration; Capillarity; Simulation; Geology; Grains; Chemical industry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1564 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structured heterogeneity in a marine terrace chronosequence; upland mottling AN - 1773799914; 2016-025855 AB - Soil mottles generally are interpreted as a product of reducing conditions during periods of water saturation. The upland soils of the Santa Cruz, CA, marine terrace chronosequence display an evolving sequence of reticulate mottling from the youngest soil (65 ka) without mottles to the oldest soil (225 ka) with well-developed mottles. The mottles consist of an interconnected network of clay and C-enriched regions (gray, 2.5Y 6/1) bordered by leached parent material (white, 2.5Y 8/1) within a diminishing matrix of oxidized parent material (orange, 7.5YR 5/8). The mottles develop in soils that formed from relatively uniform nearshore sediments and occur below the depth of soil bioturbation. To explore how a presumably wetland feature occurs in an unsaturated upland soil, physical and chemical characteristics of mottle separates (orange, gray, and white) were compared through the deep time represented by the soil chronosequence. Mineralogical, isotopic, and surface-area differences among mottle separates indicate that rhizogenic centimeter-scale mass transfer acting across millennia is an integral part of weathering, pedogenesis, and C and nutrient transfer. Elemental analysis, electron microscopy, and Fe-isotope systematics indicate that mottle development is driven by deep roots together with their fungal and microbial symbionts. Taken together, these data suggest that deep soil horizons on old stable landforms can develop reticulate mottling as the long-term imprint of rhizospheric processes. The processes of rhizogenic mottle formation appear to regulate pedogenesis, nutrients, and C sequestration at depth in unsaturated zones. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Schulz, Marjorie AU - Stonestrom, David A AU - Lawrence, Corey AU - Bullen, Tom AU - Fitzpatrick, John AU - Kyker-Snowman, Emily AU - Manning, Jane AU - Mnich, Meagan AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 14 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - calcium KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - moisture KW - unsaturated zone KW - California KW - carbon KW - aluminum KW - chronosequences KW - shore features KW - pedogenesis KW - patterns KW - Quaternary KW - roots KW - electron microscopy data KW - Cr-52 KW - depth KW - heterogeneous materials KW - Pleistocene KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - United States KW - Santa Cruz California KW - isotopes KW - middle Pleistocene KW - complexity KW - uplands KW - rhizosphere KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - fungi KW - mottles KW - marine terraces KW - heterogeneity KW - Santa Cruz County California KW - Eh KW - soils KW - alkaline earth metals KW - statistical analysis KW - rates KW - weathering KW - biogenic processes KW - reticulation KW - metals KW - nickel KW - Fe-54 KW - Ni-60 KW - geomorphology KW - Fe-56 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Structured+heterogeneity+in+a+marine+terrace+chronosequence%3B+upland+mottling&rft.au=Schulz%2C+Marjorie%3BStonestrom%2C+David+A%3BLawrence%2C+Corey%3BBullen%2C+Tom%3BFitzpatrick%2C+John%3BKyker-Snowman%2C+Emily%3BManning%2C+Jane%3BMnich%2C+Meagan%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Schulz&rft.aufirst=Marjorie&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.07.0102 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 77 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aluminum; biogenic processes; calcium; California; carbon; Cenozoic; chronosequences; complexity; Cr-52; depth; Eh; electron microscopy data; Fe-54; Fe-56; fungi; geomorphology; heterogeneity; heterogeneous materials; iron; isotopes; marine terraces; metals; microorganisms; middle Pleistocene; moisture; mottles; Ni-60; nickel; patterns; pedogenesis; Pleistocene; Quaternary; rates; reticulation; rhizosphere; roots; Santa Cruz California; Santa Cruz County California; SEM data; shore features; soils; stable isotopes; statistical analysis; United States; unsaturated zone; uplands; upper Pleistocene; weathering; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.07.0102 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms of early microbial establishment on growing root surfaces AN - 1773799867; 2016-025857 AB - Microbial activity in the soil surrounding plant roots contributes to nutrient bioavailability, crop growth, and soil biodiversity and fertility. Colonization of the rhizosphere and the rhizoplane in particular requires early establishment on root surfaces where sources of nutrients are abundant. In this study, we investigated the physical interactions taking place between bacteria and the root surface when a root tip enters unexplored regions of soil. We developed a theoretical framework that generalizes the prevailing approaches for describing root growth kinematics and bacterial growth and adhesion on root surfaces. We found that the root elongation rate, bacterial attachment rate, and root cap carrying capacity are key traits for successful establishment. Models also indicate that chemotaxis is more important for radial transport and adhesion than for longitudinal movement of bacteria. Controls on bacterial attachment are required for both efficient root colonization and subsequent dispersal of bacteria in soil. The findings of this study help to understand the establishment of the structure and composition of microbial communities in soil. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Dupuy, Lionel X AU - Silk, Wendy K AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 13 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - soils KW - roots KW - one-dimensional models KW - complexity KW - unsaturated zone KW - mechanism KW - chemotaxis KW - simulation KW - exudation KW - colonization KW - boundary conditions KW - biogenic processes KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - mobility KW - microorganisms KW - growth KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+of+early+microbial+establishment+on+growing+root+surfaces&rft.au=Dupuy%2C+Lionel+X%3BSilk%2C+Wendy+K%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Dupuy&rft.aufirst=Lionel&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.06.0094 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biogenic processes; boundary conditions; chemotaxis; colonization; complexity; exudation; growth; mechanism; microorganisms; mobility; one-dimensional models; roots; simulation; soils; transport; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.06.0094 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A hybrid reduced-order model of fine-resolution hydrologic simulations at a polygonal tundra site AN - 1773799816; 2016-025860 AB - High-resolution predictions of land surface hydrological dynamics are desirable for improved investigations of regional- and watershed-scale processes. Direct deterministic simulations of fine-resolution land surface variables present many challenges, including high computational cost. We therefore propose the use of reduced-order modeling techniques to facilitate emulation of fine-resolution simulations. We use an emulator, Gaussian process regression, to approximate fine-resolution four-dimensional soil moisture fields predicted using a three-dimensional surface-subsurface hydrological simulator (PFLOTRAN). A dimension-reduction technique known as "proper orthogonal decomposition" is further used to improve the efficiency of the resulting reduced-order model (ROM). The ROM reduces simulation computational demand to negligible levels compared to the underlying fine-resolution model. In addition, the ROM that we constructed is equipped with an uncertainty estimate, allowing modelers to construct a ROM consistent with uncertainty in the measured data. The ROM is also capable of constructing statistically equivalent analogs that can be used in uncertainty and sensitivity analyses. We apply the technique to four polygonal tundra sites near Barrow, Alaska that are part of the Department of Energy's Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE)-Arctic project. The ROM is trained for each site using simulated soil moisture from 1998-2000 and validated using the simulated data for 2002 and 2006. The average relative RMSEs of the ROMs are under 1%. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Liu, Yaning AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Subin, Zachary M AU - Riley, William J AU - Pau, George Shu Heng AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 14 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - United States KW - PFLOTRAN KW - tundra KW - complexity KW - unsaturated zone KW - ecosystems KW - digital terrain models KW - simulation KW - Barrow Alaska KW - transport KW - reactive transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - ecology KW - polygons KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - NGEE KW - Arctic region KW - statistical analysis KW - equations KW - Arctic Coastal Plain KW - evapotranspiration KW - boundary conditions KW - two-dimensional models KW - Gaussian process regression KW - Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments KW - Community Earth System Model KW - Alaska KW - seasonal variations KW - glacial geology KW - patterned ground KW - regression analysis KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=A+hybrid+reduced-order+model+of+fine-resolution+hydrologic+simulations+at+a+polygonal+tundra+site&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yaning%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BSubin%2C+Zachary+M%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BPau%2C+George+Shu+Heng%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yaning&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.05.0068 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 91 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Arctic Coastal Plain; Arctic region; Barrow Alaska; boundary conditions; Community Earth System Model; complexity; digital terrain models; ecology; ecosystems; equations; evapotranspiration; Gaussian process regression; glacial geology; hydrodynamics; hydrology; Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments; NGEE; patterned ground; PFLOTRAN; polygons; reactive transport; regression analysis; seasonal variations; simulation; soils; statistical analysis; transport; tundra; two-dimensional models; United States; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.05.0068 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil as complex systems AN - 1773799813; 2016-025854 JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 139 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - systems KW - soils KW - physical properties KW - biogenic processes KW - complexity KW - interfaces KW - chemical properties KW - interactions KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Soil+as+complex+systems&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogenic processes; chemical properties; complexity; interactions; interfaces; physical properties; soils; systems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental studies and model analysis of noble gas fractionation in porous media AN - 1773799514; 2016-025856 AB - The noble gases, which are chemically inert under normal terrestrial conditions but vary systematically across a wide range of atomic mass and diffusivity, offer a multicomponent approach to investigating gas dynamics in unsaturated soil horizons, including transfer of gas between saturated zones, unsaturated zones, and the atmosphere. To evaluate the degree to which fractionation of noble gases in the presence of an advective-diffusive flux agrees with existing theory, a simple laboratory sand column experiment was conducted. Pure CO (sub 2) was injected at the base of the column, providing a series of constant CO (sub 2) fluxes through the column. At five fixed sampling depths within the system, samples were collected for CO (sub 2) and noble gas analyses, and ambient pressures were measured. Both the advection-diffusion and dusty gas models were used to simulate the behavior of CO (sub 2) and noble gases under the experimental conditions, and the simulations were compared with the measured depth-dependent concentration profiles of the gases. Given the relatively high permeability of the sand column (5X10 (super -11) m (super 2) ), Knudsen diffusion terms were small, and both the dusty gas model and the advection-diffusion model accurately predicted the concentration profiles of the CO (sub 2) and atmospheric noble gases across a range of CO (sub 2) flux from approximately 700 to 10,000 g m (super -2) d (super -1) . The agreement between predicted and measured gas concentrations demonstrated that, when applied to natural systems, the multi-component capability provided by the noble gases can be exploited to constrain component and total gas fluxes of non-conserved (CO (sub 2) ) and conserved (noble gas) species or attributes of the soil column relevant to gas transport, such as porosity, tortuosity, and gas saturation. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Ding, Xin AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Evans, William C AU - Stonestrom, David A AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 12 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - one-dimensional models KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - carbon dioxide KW - throughflow KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - sampling KW - noble gases KW - neon KW - movement KW - sediments KW - helium KW - soils KW - sand KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - clastic sediments KW - fluid flow KW - atmosphere KW - porous materials KW - advection KW - xenon KW - krypton KW - gases KW - argon KW - permeability KW - 25:Soils KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Experimental+studies+and+model+analysis+of+noble+gas+fractionation+in+porous+media&rft.au=Ding%2C+Xin%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BEvans%2C+William+C%3BStonestrom%2C+David+A%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Ding&rft.aufirst=Xin&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.06.0095 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; argon; atmosphere; carbon dioxide; clastic sediments; diffusion; experimental studies; fluid flow; gases; helium; krypton; laboratory studies; movement; neon; noble gases; numerical models; one-dimensional models; permeability; porous materials; pressure; sampling; sand; sediments; simulation; soils; throughflow; transport; unsaturated zone; xenon DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.06.0095 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatio-temporal scaling of vegetation growth and soil formation from percolation theory AN - 1773799322; 2016-025865 AB - Critical path analysis (CPA) is suited to calculating the hydraulic conductivity, K, of heterogeneous porous media by quantifying the paths of least resistance. Whenever CPA can be used to calculate K, advective transport scaling relationships from percolation theory should describe solute transport. Two solute transport relationships were applied to predict soil development and edaphic constraints on natural vegetation growth. These results used known exponents from percolation theory and known subsurface flow velocities. The typical flow velocity itself constrains the optimal growth rates of cultivars. The percolation scaling relationship constraining vegetation growth was shown to be in accord with data across time scales from hours to 100,000 yr, including more than a dozen studies (and two models) of tree growth. The scaling function for soil development explains time scales for the formation of soils from years to hundreds of millions of years. Data on soil development came from 23 different studies. The key unification is the common origin of the time and space coordinates for all three relationships in the transport time through a single pore of roughly micrometer size at a typical subsurface pore-scale flow velocity. The distinction in evolving time scales is primarily a result of the hierarchical nature of vascular plant root systems, which speed up nutrient access relative to physical transport rates in the soil. The results help explain reductions in forest productivity with age, diminishing soil production with time, and the temporal distinction between chemical and biological processes in soils and their relevance to the global C cycle. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 15 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - solute transport KW - scale factor KW - Spermatophyta KW - Populus KW - unsaturated zone KW - Coniferales KW - vegetation KW - spatial distribution KW - fungi KW - transport KW - Sequoiadendron KW - carbon KW - velocity KW - topology KW - percolation KW - Taxodiaceae KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - chemical weathering KW - seagrasses KW - Plantae KW - pedogenesis KW - living taxa KW - roots KW - Gymnospermae KW - global KW - agriculture KW - tortuosity KW - rates KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - advection KW - weathering KW - size KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - biogenic processes KW - critical path analysis KW - heterogeneous materials KW - Sequoia KW - trees KW - temporal distribution KW - carbon cycle KW - growth KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Spatio-temporal+scaling+of+vegetation+growth+and+soil+formation+from+percolation+theory&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Allen+G%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.01.0013 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; agriculture; biogenic processes; carbon; carbon cycle; chemical weathering; Coniferales; critical path analysis; equations; fungi; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; global; growth; Gymnospermae; heterogeneous materials; hydrology; living taxa; nutrients; pedogenesis; percolation; Plantae; Populus; porous materials; rates; roots; scale factor; seagrasses; Sequoia; Sequoiadendron; size; soils; solute transport; spatial distribution; Spermatophyta; Taxodiaceae; temporal distribution; topology; tortuosity; transport; trees; unsaturated zone; vegetation; velocity; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.01.0013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water for carbon, carbon for water AN - 1773799307; 2016-025863 AB - Plant roots exude approximately 10% of the carbon assimilated through photosynthesis into the soil, a process referred to as rhizodeposition. Here, we show that the mucilaginous fraction of the rhizodeposits, referred to as mucilage, plays a crucial role on soil-plant water relation and it has the potential to increase plant drought tolerance. Mucilage is a gel that can absorb large volumes of water, altering the physical properties of the rhizosphere and maintaining the rhizosphere wet and conductive when the soil dries. It is hypothesized that mucilage acts as a hydraulic bridge between roots and the soil, facilitating root water uptake and maintaining transpiration in dry soils. By employing a simplified model of root water uptake coupled with mucilage dynamics, we found that in a sandy soil the benefit of mucilage in maintaining root water uptake commenced to manifest when the soil matric potential dropped below approximately -0.8 MPa. This critical matric potential varied with transpiration rate, root length, and exudation rate. Below the critical potential, mucilage maintained photosynthesis and resulted in a net gain of carbon. In summary, rhizodeposition modifies the physical soil environment and has an impact on transpiration and photosynthesis. In other words: water for carbon, but also carbon for water. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Carminati, Andrea AU - Kroener, Eva AU - Ahmed, Mutez A AU - Zarebanadkouki, Mohsen AU - Holz, Maire AU - Ghezzehei, Teamrat AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 10 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - water KW - soils KW - photosynthesis KW - rhizodeposition KW - Plantae KW - mucilage KW - roots KW - complexity KW - photochemistry KW - unsaturated zone KW - rhizosphere KW - matric potential KW - physical properties KW - biogenic processes KW - carbon KW - transpiration KW - hydrodynamics KW - water content KW - polymers KW - exudates KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Water+for+carbon%2C+carbon+for+water&rft.au=Carminati%2C+Andrea%3BKroener%2C+Eva%3BAhmed%2C+Mutez+A%3BZarebanadkouki%2C+Mohsen%3BHolz%2C+Maire%3BGhezzehei%2C+Teamrat%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Carminati&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.04.0060 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogenic processes; carbon; complexity; exudates; hydrodynamics; matric potential; mucilage; photochemistry; photosynthesis; physical properties; Plantae; polymers; rhizodeposition; rhizosphere; roots; soils; transpiration; unsaturated zone; water; water content DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.04.0060 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Viscous-flow approach to in situ infiltration and in vitro saturated hydraulic conductivity determination AN - 1773799216; 2016-025861 AB - Infiltration is dominantly gravity driven, and a viscous-flow approach was developed. Laminar film flow equilibrates gravity with the viscous force and a constant flow velocity evolves during a period lasting 3/2 times the duration of a constant input rate, q (sub S) . Film thickness F and the specific contact area L of the film per unit soil volume are the key parameters. Sprinkler irrigation produced in situ time series of volumetric water contents, theta (z,t), as determined with TDR probes. The wetting front velocity v and the time series of the mobile water content, w(z,t) were deduced from theta (z,t). In vitro steady flow in a core of saturated soil provided volume flux density, q(z,t), and flow velocity, v, as determined from a heat front velocity. The F and L parameters of the in situ and the in vitro experiments were compared. The macropore-flow restriction states that, for a particular permeable medium, the specific contact area L must be independent from q (sub S) i.e., dL/dq (sub S) =0. If true, then the relationship of q (sub S) varies as v (super 3/2) could scale a wide range of input rates 0< or =q (sub S) < or = saturated hydraulic conductivity, K (sub sat) , into a permeable medium, and kinematic-wave theory would become a versatile tool to deal with non-equilibrium flow. The viscous-flow approach is based on hydromechanical principles similar to Darcy's law, but currently it is not suited to deduce flow properties from specified individual spatial structures of permeable media. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Germann, Peter F AU - Karlen, Michel AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 15 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - Luvisols KW - moisture KW - complexity KW - unsaturated zone KW - in vitro KW - Europe KW - Switzerland KW - cores KW - Richards equation KW - Central Europe KW - thickness KW - hydrodynamics KW - laminar flow KW - water KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - soil profiles KW - in situ KW - waves KW - Darcy's law KW - drainage KW - viscous flow KW - equations KW - porosity KW - size KW - kinematics KW - viscosity KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - Mount Bantiger KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Bern Switzerland KW - permeability KW - field studies KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Viscous-flow+approach+to+in+situ+infiltration+and+in+vitro+saturated+hydraulic+conductivity+determination&rft.au=Germann%2C+Peter+F%3BKarlen%2C+Michel%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Germann&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.05.0065 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bern Switzerland; Central Europe; complexity; cores; Darcy's law; drainage; equations; Europe; experimental studies; field studies; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; in situ; in vitro; infiltration; kinematics; laminar flow; Luvisols; moisture; Mount Bantiger; permeability; porosity; Richards equation; saturation; size; soil profiles; soils; Switzerland; thickness; unsaturated zone; viscosity; viscous flow; water; waves DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.05.0065 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multifractal analysis of vertical profiles of soil penetration resistance at varying water contents AN - 1773799163; 2016-025862 AB - The objective of this work was to characterize the scaling properties of depth-dependent penetration resistance (PR) profiles using multifractal analyses and to explore the effects of increasing soil water deficit on the scaling heterogeneity of the studied data series. Soil PR was recorded at 11 successive dates with decreasing soil water content on a Mollisol (Argiudoll) from Entre Rios Province, Argentina. For each date, 10 replicated PR vertical profiles were measured every centimeter from 0 to 80 cm. Both singularity and Renyi spectra showed that all PR datasets exhibited a well-defined multifractal structure, so that the multifractal approach provided considerable detailed information on their depth-dependent structure. The entropy dimension, D (sub 1) , significantly (P<0.05) increased with decreasing soil water content, and its mean values ranged from 0.976 to 0.981. Therefore, the drier the soil, the more the homogeneity and evenness of the PR depth-dependent profiles. Moreover, the amplitude of the branches of the Renyi and singularity spectra accounting for the most positive statistical moments, [0, 5], significantly (P<0.05) decreased with increased soil water deficit. However, for the most negative counterparts, [0, -5], these amplitudes tended to increase, although not significantly. Subsequently, increasing soil dryness increased the homogeneity of the highest PR values, but had no significant effect on the homogeneity of the lowest PR values. The multifractal approach was useful to characterize changes in inner structure, heterogeneity, and evenness of PR vertical profiles over a period with increasing soil water deficit. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Wilson, Marcelo G AU - Miras-Avalos, Jose Manuel AU - Lado, Marcos AU - Paz-Gonzalez, Antonio AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 10 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - scale factor KW - penetration tests KW - moisture KW - entropy KW - complexity KW - northeastern Argentina KW - unsaturated zone KW - Oro Verde Argentina KW - Argiudolls KW - Entre Rios Argentina KW - multifractal analysis KW - fractals KW - dryness KW - water KW - soils KW - soil mechanics KW - experimental studies KW - soil profiles KW - bulk density KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - measurement KW - South America KW - Argentina KW - penetration resistance KW - Mollisols KW - field studies KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Multifractal+analysis+of+vertical+profiles+of+soil+penetration+resistance+at+varying+water+contents&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Marcelo+G%3BMiras-Avalos%2C+Jose+Manuel%3BLado%2C+Marcos%3BPaz-Gonzalez%2C+Antonio%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Marcelo&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.04.0063 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; Argentina; Argiudolls; bulk density; complexity; dryness; Entre Rios Argentina; entropy; experimental studies; field studies; fractals; measurement; moisture; Mollisols; multifractal analysis; northeastern Argentina; Oro Verde Argentina; penetration resistance; penetration tests; scale factor; soil mechanics; soil profiles; soils; South America; statistical analysis; unsaturated zone; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.04.0063 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permeability in two-component porous media; effective-medium approximation compared with lattice-Boltzmann simulations AN - 1773799076; 2016-025859 AB - Porous materials such as rocks, soils, and peats are typically complex mixtures built up of more than one component, with intrinsic permeabilities that depend on factors such as pore shape and surface area, tortuosity, and connectivity. In such media, the macroscopic permeability is an integrated combination of the permeabilities of the individual components. In this study, we numerically simulated fluid flow in binary mixtures of low- and high-permeability components constructed of spheres and ellipsoids using the lattice-Boltzmann (LB) method to model permeability in porous media. We then applied the effective-medium approximation (EMA) to predict permeability in the simulated binary mixtures. Our results indicate a very good match between predicted permeabilities by EMA and those simulated by LB in simple and body-centered cubic packs as long as the permeability of the high-permeability component K (sub h) is not substantially different than that of the low-permeability component K (sub l) . The upper limit of K (sub h) /K (sub l) for which the EMA approach results in very accurate permeability predictions depends on several factors, such as packing arrangement, grain shape, and porosity. Including all data, we found the EMA permeability predictions still within a factor of two of the LB simulations. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Ghanbarian, Behzad AU - Daigle, Hugh AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 10 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - complexity KW - unsaturated zone KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - two-component system KW - theoretical studies KW - sensitivity analysis KW - lattice Boltzmann method KW - packing KW - permeability KW - effective-medium approximation KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Permeability+in+two-component+porous+media%3B+effective-medium+approximation+compared+with+lattice-Boltzmann+simulations&rft.au=Ghanbarian%2C+Behzad%3BDaigle%2C+Hugh%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Ghanbarian&rft.aufirst=Behzad&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.05.0071 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - complexity; effective-medium approximation; equations; lattice Boltzmann method; numerical models; packing; permeability; porosity; porous materials; sensitivity analysis; simulation; soils; theoretical studies; two-component system; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.05.0071 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative framework for preferential flow initiation and partitioning AN - 1773799030; 2016-025858 AB - A model for preferential flow in macropores is based on the short-range spatial distribution of soil matrix infiltrability. It uses elementary areas at two different scales. One is the traditional representative elementary area (REA), which includes a sufficient heterogeneity to typify larger areas, as for measuring field-scale infiltrability. The other, called an elementary matrix area (EMA), is smaller, but large enough to represent the local infiltrability of soil matrix material, between macropores. When water is applied to the land surface, each EMA absorbs water up to the rate of its matrix infiltrability. Excess water flows into a macropore, becoming preferential flow. The land surface then can be represented by a mesoscale (EMA-scale) distribution of matrix infiltrabilities. Total preferential flow at a given depth is the sum of contributions from all EMAs. Applying the model, one case study with multi-year field measurements of both preferential and diffuse fluxes at a specific depth was used to obtain parameter values by inverse calculation. The results quantify the preferential-diffuse partition of flow from individual storms that differed in rainfall amount, intensity, antecedent soil water, and other factors. Another case study provided measured values of matrix infiltrability to estimate parameter values for comparison and illustrative predictions. These examples give a self-consistent picture from the combination of parameter values, directions of sensitivities, and magnitudes of differences caused by different variables. One major practical use of this model is to calculate the dependence of preferential flow on climate-related factors, such as varying soil wetness and rainfall intensity. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Nimmo, John R AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 12 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - Far East KW - complexity KW - intensity KW - unsaturated zone KW - preferential flow KW - partitioning KW - quantitative analysis KW - Ibaraki Japan KW - hydrodynamics KW - storms KW - Asia KW - water KW - soils KW - connectivity KW - surface tension KW - capillarity KW - equations KW - porosity KW - depth KW - size KW - case studies KW - heterogeneous materials KW - viscosity KW - Tsukuba Japan KW - infiltration KW - Honshu KW - Japan KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Quantitative+framework+for+preferential+flow+initiation+and+partitioning&rft.au=Nimmo%2C+John+R%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Nimmo&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.05.0079 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; capillarity; case studies; complexity; connectivity; depth; equations; Far East; heterogeneous materials; Honshu; hydrodynamics; Ibaraki Japan; infiltration; intensity; Japan; partitioning; porosity; preferential flow; quantitative analysis; size; soils; storms; surface tension; Tsukuba Japan; unsaturated zone; viscosity; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.05.0079 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmarking the inelastic neutron scattering soil carbon method AN - 1773799014; 2016-025864 AB - The herein described inelastic neutron scattering (INS) method of measuring soil carbon was based on a new procedure for extracting the net carbon signal (NCS) from the measured gamma spectra and determination of the average carbon weight percent in the upper approximately 8-cm soil layer (AvgCw%8). The NCS extraction utilized the net-INS spectrum, which was the difference between the INS and thermal neutron capture (TNC) spectra and the net-INS system background spectrum. The proportionality between NCS and AvgCw%8 for any shape of soil carbon depth distribution was demonstrated theoretically. The theoretical model for NCS calculations accounted for carbon depth distribution and neutron and gamma ray propagation laws in our analysis; previous model results were verified by comparison with a Monte Carlo simulation using Geant4. The experimental results confirmed the identified proportionality. The mobile INS system was calibrated using pits filled with synthetic soil; this calibration was used for AvgCw%8 determinations in INS field measurements. The AvgCw%8 was also determined by the dry combustion method. Benchmarking the soil carbon determination by INS demonstrated results that coincided with dry combustion technique (DCT) results (within experimental error limits). Given the agreement between these methods, the described INS measurement system can be recommended as a reliable alternative means for measuring soil carbon. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Yakubova, Galina AU - Kavetskiy, Aleksandr AU - Prior, Stephen A AU - Torbert, H Allen AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Molz, Fred AU - Hunt, Allen G AU - Pachepsky, Yakov Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 11 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1539-1663, 1539-1663 KW - United States KW - irradiation KW - Ultisols KW - characterization KW - unsaturated zone KW - Appalachians KW - techniques KW - calibration KW - simulation KW - Alabama KW - Camp Hill Alabama KW - theoretical studies KW - gamma rays KW - neutron scattering KW - carbon KW - Shorter Alabama KW - benchmarking KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - North America KW - experimental studies KW - Macon County Alabama KW - Tallapoosa County Alabama KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - thermal neutron capture spectra KW - measurement KW - inelastic neutron scattering KW - Piedmont KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Benchmarking+the+inelastic+neutron+scattering+soil+carbon+method&rft.au=Yakubova%2C+Galina%3BKavetskiy%2C+Aleksandr%3BPrior%2C+Stephen+A%3BTorbert%2C+H+Allen%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BMolz%2C+Fred%3BHunt%2C+Allen+G%3BPachepsky%2C+Yakov&rft.aulast=Yakubova&rft.aufirst=Galina&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=15391663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2015.04.0056 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alabama; Appalachians; benchmarking; calibration; Camp Hill Alabama; carbon; characterization; experimental studies; gamma rays; geochemistry; inelastic neutron scattering; irradiation; Macon County Alabama; measurement; Monte Carlo analysis; neutron scattering; North America; Piedmont; Shorter Alabama; simulation; soils; spectra; statistical analysis; Tallapoosa County Alabama; techniques; theoretical studies; thermal neutron capture spectra; Ultisols; United States; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.04.0056 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ABCA1 agonist peptides for the treatment of disease. AN - 1760861390; 26655293 AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEWThe review summarizes information pertaining to the preclinical development of new apolipoprotein (apo) E mimetic peptides that stimulate cellular cholesterol efflux.RECENT FINDINGSSmall α-helical peptides based on the C-terminal domain of apoE have been developed for therapeutic applications. These peptides stimulate cellular cholesterol efflux via the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) with high potency, like native apolipoproteins on a molar basis. This potent activity has been related to the unique ability of these peptides to maintain α-helix structure upon dilution. Recent structure-activity studies improving the safety features of these mimetic peptides have greatly improved their potential for clinical use. These studies have identified structural features of the class A α-helix motif that induce muscle toxicity and hypertriglyceridemia, which may have implications for the design of other HDL mimetic peptides.SUMMARYABCA1 is an integral membrane protein that plays a central role in biology. Its principal function is to mediate the efflux of cholesterol and phospholipid from cells to extracellular apo, preventing a build-up of excess cholesterol in membranes. This process generates HDL particles that perform a variety of functions to protect against disease. A number of these functions can be viewed as directly or indirectly supporting ABCA1 activity, thus constituting a positive feedback system to optimize cellular lipid efflux responses and disease prevention. Consequently, therapeutic approaches that mimic the activities of apos may prove highly effective to combat disease. One such approach involves the use of peptides. The broad biological relevance of ABCA1 suggests these apo mimetic peptides may be useful for the treatment of a number of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. JF - Current opinion in lipidology AU - Bielicki, John K AD - Donner Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 40 EP - 46 VL - 27 IS - 1 KW - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 KW - 0 KW - Phospholipids KW - Cholesterol KW - 97C5T2UQ7J KW - Index Medicus KW - Cholesterol -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Phospholipids -- metabolism KW - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760861390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+opinion+in+lipidology&rft.atitle=ABCA1+agonist+peptides+for+the+treatment+of+disease.&rft.au=Bielicki%2C+John+K&rft.aulast=Bielicki&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+opinion+in+lipidology&rft.issn=1473-6535&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2FMOL.0000000000000258 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-09-30 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2012 Apr;8(4):237-45 [22271188] Cell Cycle. 2012 Feb 15;11(4):706-14 [22306989] Lipids Health Dis. 2012;11:169 [23227865] J Lipid Res. 2013 May;54(5):1275-82 [23471027] Circ Res. 2015 Mar 27;116(7):1101-3 [25814677] J Cell Biol. 2015 Apr 13;209(1):13-22 [25869663] Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015 Jul;3(7):507-13 [26025389] Circ Res. 2015 Jul 17;117(3):266-78 [26002865] Curr Opin Cardiol. 2015 Sep;30(5):536-42 [26192490] Alzheimers Dement. 2015 Dec;11(12):1430-8 [26079414] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2015 Feb;352(2):227-35 [25395590] Circ Res. 2013 May 10;112(10):1345-54 [23501697] Circ Res. 2013 May 24;112(11):1456-65 [23572498] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013 Nov 8;441(1):71-6 [24129191] Mech Ageing Dev. 2013 Oct;134(10):506-15 [24012632] Circulation. 2013 Nov 26;128(22):2364-71 [24170386] Circ Res. 2014 Jan 3;114(1):157-70 [24385509] Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2014 Apr;21(2):129-33 [24569554] J Lipid Res. 2014 Mar;55(3):421-30 [24347528] J Lipid Res. 2014 Mar;55(3):516-23 [24443560] J Neurosci. 2014 May 21;34(21):7293-301 [24849361] J Lipid Res. 2014 Oct;55(10):2007-21 [25157031] Diabetes. 2014 Dec;63(12):4076-82 [25028523] Neurobiol Dis. 2014 Dec;72 Pt A:54-60 [24746857] Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2015;224:631-48 [25523005] J Biochem. 2000 Feb;127(2):297-305 [10731697] J Mol Biol. 2003 Nov 28;334(3):527-39 [14623192] J Biol Chem. 2004 Sep 24;279(39):40987-93 [15269217] J Biol Chem. 1992 Feb 5;267(4):2664-70 [1733963] J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 11;269(10):7185-91 [8125930] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Nov 11;94(23):12291-6 [9356442] Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006 Mar;26(3):534-40 [16357317] J Lipid Res. 2006 Nov;47(11):2433-43 [16902247] Biochemistry. 2007 Mar 13;46(10):2583-93 [17305370] Nat Med. 2007 Mar;13(3):340-7 [17322896] J Lipid Res. 2007 Sep;48(9):1915-23 [17570869] J Lipid Res. 2008 Aug;49(8):1658-69 [18426778] J Lipid Res. 2010 Jun;51(6):1496-503 [20075422] Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Apr;130(1):83-91 [21172387] Biochemistry. 2011 May 17;50(19):4068-76 [21476522] J Neurosci. 2012 Sep 19;32(38):13125-36 [22993429] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MOL.0000000000000258 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and simulated energy performance of a personalized ventilation system with individual airflow control in a hot and humid climate AN - 1758356574; PQ0002440149 AB - This paper presents the energy performance of a personalized ventilation (PV) system with individual control of airflow rate in a hot and humid climate. A set of experiments with 46 tropically acclimatized subjects were conducted with ambient temperatures of 23 and 26 degree C and PV air temperatures of 20, 23 and 26 degree C. It has been found that as the ambient temperature is increased, subjects prefer higher PV airflow rates. While the higher ambient temperature reduces the cooling load, this is partly offset by the increased ventilation load. Therefore, it is not straightforward to quantify the energy savings accurately. In this work, an EnergyPlus simulation model was developed and validated by measurement data. The model was normalized to take into account the effects of the variations of outdoor conditions and the number of occupants. It was then applied to evaluate the energy performance of the PV system. The results show that when the PV air temperature is kept at 20 degree C, the energy consumption at an ambient temperature of 23 degree C is 10.8% higher than that at 26 degree C. The best results are obtained when the PV air temperature is 20 degree C and the ambient temperature is 26 degree C. It is therefore concluded that increasing the ambient temperature has good potential to reduce energy consumption, whereas increasing the PV temperature does not bring appreciable benefits. JF - Building and Environment AU - Chen, Yixing AU - Raphael, Benny AU - Sekhar, S C AD - Building Technology and Urban Systems Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2016/02// PY - 2016 DA - February 2016 SP - 283 EP - 292 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 96 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Personalized ventilation KW - Energy performance KW - Individual control KW - Hot and humid climate KW - Ventilation KW - Airflow KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Energy conservation KW - Simulation KW - Energy consumption KW - Air temperature KW - Flow rates KW - Numerical simulations KW - Energy KW - Cooling systems KW - Air flow KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.524:Air Temperature (551.524) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1758356574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+simulated+energy+performance+of+a+personalized+ventilation+system+with+individual+airflow+control+in+a+hot+and+humid+climate&rft.au=Chen%2C+Yixing%3BRaphael%2C+Benny%3BSekhar%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Yixing&rft.date=2016-02-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2015.11.036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical simulations; Airflow; Ventilation; Energy; Climate; Energy conservation; Temperature; Simulation; Energy consumption; Cooling systems; Flow rates; Air temperature; Air flow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.11.036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct growth of single-crystalline III-V semiconductors on amorphous substrates. AN - 1761078316; 26813257 AB - The III-V compound semiconductors exhibit superb electronic and optoelectronic properties. Traditionally, closely lattice-matched epitaxial substrates have been required for the growth of high-quality single-crystal III-V thin films and patterned microstructures. To remove this materials constraint, here we introduce a growth mode that enables direct writing of single-crystalline III-V's on amorphous substrates, thus further expanding their utility for various applications. The process utilizes templated liquid-phase crystal growth that results in user-tunable, patterned micro and nanostructures of single-crystalline III-V's of up to tens of micrometres in lateral dimensions. InP is chosen as a model material system owing to its technological importance. The patterned InP single crystals are configured as high-performance transistors and photodetectors directly on amorphous SiO2 growth substrates, with performance matching state-of-the-art epitaxially grown devices. The work presents an important advance towards universal integration of III-V's on application-specific substrates by direct growth. JF - Nature communications AU - Chen, Kevin AU - Kapadia, Rehan AU - Harker, Audrey AU - Desai, Sujay AU - Seuk Kang, Jeong AU - Chuang, Steven AU - Tosun, Mahmut AU - Sutter-Fella, Carolin M AU - Tsang, Michael AU - Zeng, Yuping AU - Kiriya, Daisuke AU - Hazra, Jubin AU - Madhvapathy, Surabhi Rao AU - Hettick, Mark AU - Chen, Yu-Ze AU - Mastandrea, James AU - Amani, Matin AU - Cabrini, Stefano AU - Chueh, Yu-Lun AU - Ager Iii, Joel W AU - Chrzan, Daryl C AU - Javey, Ali AD - Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. ; Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, 94720 California, USA. Y1 - 2016/01/27/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jan 27 SP - 10502 VL - 7 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761078316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=Direct+growth+of+single-crystalline+III-V+semiconductors+on+amorphous+substrates.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Kevin%3BKapadia%2C+Rehan%3BHarker%2C+Audrey%3BDesai%2C+Sujay%3BSeuk+Kang%2C+Jeong%3BChuang%2C+Steven%3BTosun%2C+Mahmut%3BSutter-Fella%2C+Carolin+M%3BTsang%2C+Michael%3BZeng%2C+Yuping%3BKiriya%2C+Daisuke%3BHazra%2C+Jubin%3BMadhvapathy%2C+Surabhi+Rao%3BHettick%2C+Mark%3BChen%2C+Yu-Ze%3BMastandrea%2C+James%3BAmani%2C+Matin%3BCabrini%2C+Stefano%3BChueh%2C+Yu-Lun%3BAger+Iii%2C+Joel+W%3BChrzan%2C+Daryl+C%3BJavey%2C+Ali&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2016-01-27&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=10502&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms10502 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-27 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nanotechnology. 2013 May 31;24(21):214006 [23619012] Nano Lett. 2011 Jun 8;11(6):2286-90 [21604708] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10502 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring Ultrafast Chemical Dynamics by Time-Domain X-ray Photo- and Auger-Electron Spectroscopy. AN - 1760884679; 26641490 AB - The directed flow of charge and energy is at the heart of all chemical processes. Extraordinary efforts are underway to monitor and understand the concerted motion of electrons and nuclei with ever increasing spatial and temporal sensitivity. The element specificity, chemical sensitivity, and temporal resolution of ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy techniques hold great promise to provide new insight into the fundamental interactions underlying chemical dynamics in systems ranging from isolated molecules to application-like devices. Here, we focus on the potential of ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy techniques based on the detection of photo- and Auger electrons to provide new fundamental insight into photochemical processes of systems with various degrees of complexity. Isolated nucleobases provide an excellent testing ground for our most fundamental understanding of intramolecular coupling between electrons and nuclei beyond the traditionally applied Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Ultrafast electronic relaxation dynamics enabled by the breakdown of this approximation is the major component of the nucleobase photoprotection mechanisms. Transient X-ray induced Auger electron spectroscopy on photoexcited thymine molecules provides atomic-site specific details of the extremely efficient coupling that converts potentially bond changing ultraviolet photon energy into benign heat. In particular, the time-dependent spectral shift of a specific Auger band is sensitive to the length of a single bond within the molecule. The X-ray induced Auger transients show evidence for an electronic transition out of the initially excited state within only ∼200 fs in contrast to theoretically predicted picosecond population trapping behind a reaction barrier. Photoinduced charge transfer dynamics between transition metal complexes and semiconductor nanostructures are of central importance for many emerging energy and climate relevant technologies. Numerous demonstrations of photovoltaic and photocatalytic activity have been performed based on the combination of strong light absorption in dye molecules with charge separation and transport in adjacent semiconductor nanostructures. However, a fundamental understanding of the enabling and limiting dynamics on critical atomic length- and time scales is often still lacking. Femtosecond time-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is employed to gain a better understanding of a short-lived intermediate that may be linked to the unexpectedly limited performance of ZnO based dye-sensitized solar cells by delaying the generation of free charge carriers. The transient spectra strongly suggest that photoexcited dye molecules attached to ZnO nanocrystals inject their charges into the substrate within less than 1 ps but the electrons are then temporarily trapped at the surface of the semiconductor in direct vicinity of the injecting molecules. The experiments are extended to monitor the electronic response of the semiconductor substrate to the collective injection from a monolayer of dye molecules and the subsequent electron-ion recombination dynamics. The results indicate some qualitative similarities but quantitative differences between the recombination dynamics at molecule-semiconductor interfaces and previously studied bulk-surface electron-hole recombination dynamics in photoexcited semiconductors. JF - Accounts of chemical research AU - Gessner, Oliver AU - Gühr, Markus AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, California 94025, United States. Y1 - 2016/01/19/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jan 19 SP - 138 EP - 145 VL - 49 IS - 1 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760884679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Accounts+of+chemical+research&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Ultrafast+Chemical+Dynamics+by+Time-Domain+X-ray+Photo-+and+Auger-Electron+Spectroscopy.&rft.au=Gessner%2C+Oliver%3BG%C3%BChr%2C+Markus&rft.aulast=Gessner&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft.date=2016-01-19&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Accounts+of+chemical+research&rft.issn=1520-4898&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.accounts.5b00361 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00361 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimal metal domain size for photocatalysis with hybrid semiconductor-metal nanorods. AN - 1760870779; 26783194 AB - Semiconductor-metal hybrid nanostructures offer a highly controllable platform for light-induced charge separation, with direct relevance for their implementation in photocatalysis. Advances in the synthesis allow for control over the size, shape and morphology, providing tunability of the optical and electronic properties. A critical determining factor of the photocatalytic cycle is the metal domain characteristics and in particular its size, a subject that lacks deep understanding. Here, using a well-defined model system of cadmium sulfide-gold nanorods, we address the effect of the gold tip size on the photocatalytic function, including the charge transfer dynamics and hydrogen production efficiency. A combination of transient absorption, hydrogen evolution kinetics and theoretical modelling reveal a non-monotonic behaviour with size of the gold tip, leading to an optimal metal domain size for the most efficient photocatalysis. We show that this results from the size-dependent interplay of the metal domain charging, the relative band-alignments, and the resulting kinetics. JF - Nature communications AU - Ben-Shahar, Yuval AU - Scotognella, Francesco AU - Kriegel, Ilka AU - Moretti, Luca AU - Cerullo, Giulio AU - Rabani, Eran AU - Banin, Uri AD - The Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond Safra Campus Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel. ; Dipartimento di Fisica, IFN-CNR, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy. ; Department of Chemistry, University of California and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA. Y1 - 2016/01/19/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jan 19 SP - 10413 VL - 7 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760870779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=Optimal+metal+domain+size+for+photocatalysis+with+hybrid+semiconductor-metal+nanorods.&rft.au=Ben-Shahar%2C+Yuval%3BScotognella%2C+Francesco%3BKriegel%2C+Ilka%3BMoretti%2C+Luca%3BCerullo%2C+Giulio%3BRabani%2C+Eran%3BBanin%2C+Uri&rft.aulast=Ben-Shahar&rft.aufirst=Yuval&rft.date=2016-01-19&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=10413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms10413 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-13 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nano Lett. 2007 Oct;7(10):2942-50 [17845067] Chemphyschem. 2009 May 11;10(7):1028-31 [19347917] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jan 4;108(1):29-34 [21149685] Nat Chem. 2011 Jun;3(6):489-92 [21602866] ACS Nano. 2011 Jun 28;5(6):4712-9 [21648441] ACS Nano. 2012 Sep 25;6(9):8156-65 [22881284] Science. 2012 Dec 7;338(6112):1321-4 [23138979] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10413 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implicit-Solvent Coarse-Grained Simulation with a Fluctuating Interface Reveals a Molecular Mechanism for Peptoid Monolayer Buckling. AN - 1760889818; 26647143 AB - Peptoid polymers form extended two-dimensional nanostructures via an interface-mediated assembly process: the amphiphilic peptoids first adsorb to an air-water interface as a monolayer, then buckle and collapse into free-floating bilayer nanosheets when the interface is compressed. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanism of monolayer buckling by developing a method for incorporating interface fluctuations into an implicit-solvent coarse-grained model. Representing the interface with a triangular mesh controlled by surface tension and surfactant adsorption, we predict the direction of buckling for peptoids with a segregated arrangement of charged side chains and predict that peptoids with with an alternating charge pattern should buckle less easily than peptoids with a segregated charge pattern. JF - Journal of chemical theory and computation AU - Haxton, Thomas K AU - Zuckermann, Ronald N AU - Whitelam, Stephen AD - Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2016/01/12/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jan 12 SP - 345 EP - 352 VL - 12 IS - 1 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760889818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chemical+theory+and+computation&rft.atitle=Implicit-Solvent+Coarse-Grained+Simulation+with+a+Fluctuating+Interface+Reveals+a+Molecular+Mechanism+for+Peptoid+Monolayer+Buckling.&rft.au=Haxton%2C+Thomas+K%3BZuckermann%2C+Ronald+N%3BWhitelam%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Haxton&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2016-01-12&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chemical+theory+and+computation&rft.issn=1549-9626&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.jctc.5b00910 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-19 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00910 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First results of aseismic fault slip and leakage preceding an earthquake induced during an in situ fault reactivation experiment in shales (Mont Terri FS experiment, Switzerland) AN - 1873350758; 2017-013779 AB - Understanding fault reactivation is critical in geologic wastewater disposal, hydraulic fracturing, and CO (sub 2) sequestration because it may result in enhanced fault permeability, potentially inducing fluid leakage from the injection zone through overlying caprock and eventually triggering shallow seismic events. Here we show preliminary results from a controlled field stimulation experiment (FS experiment dedicated to the hydro-mechanical characterization of in-situ clay fault slip) conducted in a N140 degrees -dipping 50-to-60 degrees SE fault in a clay formation in the Mont Terri Underground Research Laboratory (Switzerland). We measured fault slip and seismicity induced by fluid-injection in a natural fault at a depth of 300 m. We observe multiple dilatant slip events ( nearly equal 30 micrometer/s) associated with factor-of-1000 increase of permeability, and a magnitude approximately -2.5 main seismic event associated with a swarm of very small magnitude ones. Seismicity occurs after aseismic slip has been initiated within the fluid-pressurized zone of the fault. Two monitoring points set across the fault allow estimating that, at the onset of the seismicity, the radius of the fault patch invaded by pressurized fluid is approximately 5-to-7 m which is larger than the approximate location of the seismic events. The seismic source radius which was estimated to approximately 1.2m indicates that only a fraction of the activated fault patch experienced unstable slip. Significantly different slip/dilation signals at the two monitoring points tend to show that patches of different fault hydromechanical properties could be controlling the slip stability. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Guglielmi, Yves AU - de Barros, Louis AU - Nussbaum, Christophe AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Cappa, Frederic AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 95 EP - 12 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873350758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=First+results+of+aseismic+fault+slip+and+leakage+preceding+an+earthquake+induced+during+an+in+situ+fault+reactivation+experiment+in+shales+%28Mont+Terri+FS+experiment%2C+Switzerland%29&rft.au=Guglielmi%2C+Yves%3Bde+Barros%2C+Louis%3BNussbaum%2C+Christophe%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BCappa%2C+Frederic%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guglielmi&rft.aufirst=Yves&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linking annual flux of floodplain sediment and organic carbon with discharge along a meandering mountain river AN - 1873350313; 2017-013639 AB - Linking floodplain response to variability in annual discharge provides insight into potential shifts in floodplain dynamics under increasing demand for freshwater and a changing climate. We use 13 historical aerial images spanning 45 years, a 0.5-m resolution aerial LIDAR dataset from 2015, field measurements of soil depth, soil samples, sediment aggradation tiles on the floodplain, and reconstructed hydrographs of the East River near Crested Butte, CO, USA to estimate net sediment and organic carbon (OC) flux in relation to discharge. Differences in river channel location are used to quantify bank erosion and lateral floodplain accretion rates within the period between 2 images. The area of deposition and vertical aggradation rate will be used to estimate the volume of accumulated sediment on the floodplain for each time interval. Net difference between volumes of eroded and deposited sediment will be used to estimate the flux of floodplain sediment within the period between aerial images. Preliminary results for the entire 13-km study reach indicate 22685 m (super 2) of lateral accretion and 25318 m (super 2) of erosion resulting in net erosion of 2633 m (super 2) between the late summer of 2013 and 2015. Using an accretion rate of 1 cm yr (super -1) , estimated from contemporary depths of fine sediment where gravel pointbars were present in 1990, and a mean measured depth of fine sediment of 57 cm along a subreach nearly equal 4 km long, we estimate that 455 m (super 3) of deposition and 14378 m (super 3) of erosion resulted in a net efflux of 13923 m (super 3) of sediment across the entire floodplain. Using a measured mean soil bulk density of nearly equal 0.86 g/cm (super 3) and soil organic carbon content of 3.5% and assuming these values represent sediment both imported and exported to the floodplain, this equates to a net efflux of carbon of 419 Mg and 1.44 Mg C ha (super -1) y (super -1) . Flows during 2014 and 2015 were relatively high compared to bankfull discharge with approximately 5- and 3-year recurrence intervals, respectively, but analysis was completed only point bars and did not account for vertical accretion across the entire floodplain. Furthermore, meander cutoffs and infilling of oxbow lakes, likely store a significant amount of organic carbon. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Sutfin, Nicholas A AU - Rowland, Joel C AU - Stauffer, Sophie J AU - Fratkin, Mulu AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 36 EP - 3 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873350313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Linking+annual+flux+of+floodplain+sediment+and+organic+carbon+with+discharge+along+a+meandering+mountain+river&rft.au=Sutfin%2C+Nicholas+A%3BRowland%2C+Joel+C%3BStauffer%2C+Sophie+J%3BFratkin%2C+Mulu%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sutfin&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of microbial mats in the preservation of soft-bodied organisms in Ediacaran coarse-grained siliciclastic environments AN - 1873348568; 2017-013965 AB - Soft bodied organisms were frequently preserved on the bedding soles of coarse-grained siliciclastic sediments of the terminal Proterozoic. Microbial mats were more widespread during this time, when grazing and bioturbating organisms were absent, and were hypothesized to have contributed to the preservation of soft tissues. Cyanobacterial mats themselves can be preserved in sand and silt due to the biological precipitation and trapping of clay minerals. Here, we experimentally test whether microbially mediated processes can facilitate the preservation of soft tissues. To do this, we buried scallop and shrimp tissues within cyanobacterial mats growing on siliciclastic sand in the presence of 0.4 mM dissolved silica. Control experiments replicated these conditions, but without microbial mats. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) revealed the presence of calcium on the surfaces of soft tissues in our experiments with microbial mats (after 3 months of incubation) but after 6 months, iron was the predominant element. X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) revealed an abundance of iron (III) oxyhydroxides after 6 months of incubation. Soft tissues in the absence of microbial mats were not preserved, and fell apart before analysis. These findings suggest that microbial mats may have been critical to the development of mineral molds around soft tissues, facilitating their preservation in Ediacaran sandstones. Further work should assess the specific mechanisms of microbe-mineral interactions associated with the preservation of soft-bodies organisms. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Newman, Sharon AU - Marcus, Matthew AU - Bosak, Tanja AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 184 EP - 9 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 10:Invertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873348568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+microbial+mats+in+the+preservation+of+soft-bodied+organisms+in+Ediacaran+coarse-grained+siliciclastic+environments&rft.au=Newman%2C+Sharon%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew%3BBosak%2C+Tanja%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory visualization and acoustic emission monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in a complex, fractured medium AN - 1873348535; 2017-013604 AB - Fracture propagation in rock can be affected strongly by open and healed (or filled) preexisting fractures, resulting in changes in the propagation paths and complex branching. The resulting network of hydraulically connected complex fractures is considered critical for efficient and economical production of oil and gas, and circulation of geothermal fluids. Evidence for the complex fracturing is mostly from microearthquake (MEQ) observations in the field and numerical simulations while direct observations in the laboratory are still scarce. In this presentation, we will show recently developed methodologies and the results from laboratory hydraulic fracturing visualization experiments. Optical visualization experiments are conducted in transparent glass cubes containing varying degrees of heterogeneity consisting of fractures and microcracks. These defects are either etched in the rock (glass) matrix using 3D laser engraving based upon specified fracture geometry and patterns, or produced by thermal quenching (and partial rehealing) which result in varying degrees of fracture density, strength, and connectivity (or permeability). Fluorescent dye is used to enhance the images of the thin fractures, assisted by illumination by laser and UV light. In anisotropic (and opaque) shale blocks, the samples are scanned via X-ray CT, assisted by contrast-enhancing fluid (liquid metal) to improve the visibility of thin hydraulic fractures. Using the transparent glass samples for optical visualization, we investigate the impact of fluid viscosity and injection rate on the geometry of the hydraulic fracture and fracture network produced by fluid injection, while the sample cubes are subjected to true-triaxial stresses. In the optical visualization experiments, propagation of the fractures and evolution of fracture networks can be observed through a mirror and a port hole installed in loading platens. Concurrently, we determine the locations of fracturing from acoustic emissions and correlate them to the optical images of the fractures. The experiments indicate that changes in the fluid injection rate (and viscosity) can modify the geometry of the hydraulic fractures, which may be a key to improved control of subsurface permeability. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 33 EP - 7 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873348535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Laboratory+visualization+and+acoustic+emission+monitoring+of+hydraulic+fracturing+in+a+complex%2C+fractured+medium&rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nakagawa&rft.aufirst=Seiji&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative carbon fluxes from soil, deep vadose zone and groundwater to atmosphere and river of a semi-arid floodplain in Colorado AN - 1873348522; 2017-015543 AB - Understanding of terrestrial carbon cycling relies primarily on studies of topsoils that are typically shallower than 0.3 m and seldom deeper than 1 m. Much less is known about carbon fluxes through deeper strata where about half of the Earth's terrestrial carbon inventory resides. This is especially true in semi-arid and arid regions, which represent about 40% of the Earth's land surface. Unique field instrumentation was installed within a semi-arid floodplain of the Colorado River to understand carbon inventories and carbon and water fluxes. Measurements were made over a 2 year period along a transect extending laterally for 250 m and vertically for 7 m through the unsaturated zone into the underlying aquifer. Year-round vadose zone pore-water sampling revealed the existence of a high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) influx from the rhizosphere infiltrating into the deeper vadose zone. The field and associated laboratory derived seasonal- and depth-resolved CO (sub 2) fluxes and respiration rates combined with vadose zone and groundwater flow rates led to the important discoveries that 1) about 30% of the CO (sub 2) emitted from the land surface is originating from depths below 1 m and above the water table, although the current global scale land models (CLM/ALM) show practically no CO (sub 2) emission from below 1 m depth. 2) The CO (sub 2) efflux to the atmosphere accounts for approximately 85% of the total floodplain carbon export, with only approximately 15% of the total carbon as DIC (the characteristics of the semi-arid climate) and <1% of total DOC export to the aquifer and river, despite being along the river. To our knowledge, these analyses of a novel dataset are the first to quantify the relative contributions to carbon exports from different subsurface compartments into the atmosphere and river at a semi-arid floodplain. While studies of carbon cycling in other semi-arid region floodplains are needed, a similar hierarchy for magnitudes of carbon exports is expected in other semi-arid flood plains because of efficient OC utilization in soils and the deep vadose zone, and relatively low flow rates and DOC concentrations in groundwater. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Williams, Kenneth AU - Hobson, Chad AU - Kim, Yongman AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Bill, Markus AU - Long, Philip E AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 249 EP - 6 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873348522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Relative+carbon+fluxes+from+soil%2C+deep+vadose+zone+and+groundwater+to+atmosphere+and+river+of+a+semi-arid+floodplain+in+Colorado&rft.au=Wan%2C+Jiamin%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth%3BHobson%2C+Chad%3BKim%2C+Yongman%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=Jiamin&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular controls over uranium biogeochemistry in the upper Colorado River basin; a regional perspective AN - 1873347761; 2017-013751 AB - Organic-rich anoxic sediments at DOE's Rifle, CO site contain relatively high concentrations of uranium. Based on sediment characteristics, we speculated that these 'naturally reduced zones' (NRZs) are common and accumulate uranium at similar contaminated sites across the upper Colorado River Basin (CRB). To test this hypothesis, we sampled NRZs at 4 additional sites along a 700 km north-south transect of the upper CRB: Grand Junction and Naturita, CO; Shiprock, NM; and Riverton, WY. This work confirmed our hypothesis and showed that NRZs are also important reservoirs for nutrients and biogeochemical critical elements (BCE), including C, N, S, and Fe. Sulfate-reducing conditions are required for uranium accumulation, suggesting at least a strong indirect control of sulfide on U(VI) reduction. Indeed, the nominal oxidation state of water-soluble soil organic carbon was found to be correlated to sediment sulfide concentration, suggesting that sulfide plays a major role in poising the redox conditions of NRZs regionally. To better understand molecular controls over uranium behavior in NRZs, we performed controlled microcosm experiments designed to mimic sulfate-reducing conditions in NRZs and to more clearly define the potential roles of organic functional groups as uranium binding sites. U(IV) was found to be dominantly associated with surfaces of particulate organic carbon and to exhibit local molecular structure consistent with sorbed complexes. An important implication of this finding is that U(IV) will be readily mobilized in the presence of complexing agents and oxidants. Such conditions are common in NRZ sediments, which experience large variations in saturation state and redox conditions throughout the annual winter (base flow)/summer (meltwater discharge) cycle within the upper CRB. In ensemble, these studies suggest new conceptual and process models for uranium and BCE biogeochemical behavior that are unprecedented in their regional scale, detail, and awareness of variable hydrologic conditions. By studying anoxic sediment systems from a regional perspective, we have gained important insights into the range and intensity of processes that are likely to be important at individual sites. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Bargar, John R AU - Bone, Sharon AU - Boye, Kristin AU - Cardarelli, Emily AU - Janot, Noemie AU - Noel, Vincent AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Francis, Chris AU - Fendorf, Scott AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 93 EP - 12 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873347761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Molecular+controls+over+uranium+biogeochemistry+in+the+upper+Colorado+River+basin%3B+a+regional+perspective&rft.au=Bargar%2C+John+R%3BBone%2C+Sharon%3BBoye%2C+Kristin%3BCardarelli%2C+Emily%3BJanot%2C+Noemie%3BNoel%2C+Vincent%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BFrancis%2C+Chris%3BFendorf%2C+Scott%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bargar&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subsurface energy applications; cross-cutting research needs and the role of deep geoscience observatories AN - 1873347233; 2017-014026 AB - Subsurface energy resources currently provide or enable >80% of U.S. primary energy, and the trend of relying on the subsurface to meet U.S. energy needs is expected to increase. The subsurface is also a vast reservoir that can be used for the transient storage of energy and for the permanent disposal of energy waste streams (such as CO (sub 2) and nuclear waste). However, the complexity and difficulty involved in characterizing subsurface reservoirs currently hinder our ability to utilize the full potential of these systems. For example, we cannot accurately image, predict, or control subsurface fractures or flow with the confidence needed to effectively guide subsurface energy operations. Developing the comprehensive understanding and capabilities needed to gain mastery of Earth's complex subsurface requires a new cross-cutting R&D paradigm, as it is currently envisioned in the U.S. Department of Energy's SubTER (Subsurface Technology and Engineering Research, Development and Demonstration) technology team. This presentation first discusses selected cross-cutting challenges to be addressed by SubTER that, if achieved, could transform our utilization of the subsurface for both energy production and waste storage. The talk then moves on to the important role that geosciences field observatories can play in this context. First, controlled field experiments in geoscience observatories can be used to improve process understanding and apply methodologies developed. Second, geoscience observatories are useful for testing effects of heterogeneity and real-world conditions which can sometimes lead to unexpected effects and mechanisms not predicted by theory or laboratory work. Finally, geoscience observatories can be community builders that tie research and development to industry and stakeholders, through demonstrations and ultimately adoption. Several existing and planned examples of deep geoscience observatories are presented and discussed, addressing a range of R&D challenges in several subsurface energy applications such as geologic carbon sequestration, geothermal energy, hydrocarbon extraction, and nuclear waste isolation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 213 EP - 1 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1873347233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Subsurface+energy+applications%3B+cross-cutting+research+needs+and+the+role+of+deep+geoscience+observatories&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-02 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laser ablation molecular isotopic spectroscopy (LAMIS) AN - 1869032427; 2017-011192 AB - Laser ablation is an excellent technology for rapidly measuring the chemistry (elemental and isotope content) of a sample [1]. The laser pulse duration and energy drives the process of ablation, which converts a portion of a sample into a luminous optical plasmas that condenses to a fine aerosol. Chemical analysis is instantaneous by measuring the emission spectra in the optical plasma, or by transporting the aerosol to a secondary source for excitation and analysis. The physics of the laser matter interaction influences chemical analysis capabilities, including range of elements detected, sensitivity of converting laser photons to ablated mass, and accuracy and precision of analysis. Traditionally, laser ablation sampling has been coupled with ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) for sensitive isotopic analysis. Alternatively, optical emission from the luminous plasma initiated by the ablation process at the sample surface can be monitored and provide elemental analysis and in some cases isotopic analysis. This well-known optical approach is called LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy). Overall, LIBS is not ideally suited for isotopic analysis due to poorly resolved spectral shifts in atomic and ionic spectra from isotopes, especially in atmospheric pressure laser plasmas. However, our new technology LAMIS (Laser Ablation Molecular Isotopic Spectroscopy) shows the ability to perform isotope measurements in these laser plasmas at atmospheric pressure [2-3]. By expanding the capabilities of classical LIBS to emphasize the measurement of molecular emission spectra in addition to elemental, LAMIS provides the ability to measure all elements and their isotopes, especially light elements like Li, Be, C, N, O which are impossible with XRF. Molecular isotopic shifts are orders of magnitude greater than atomic and ionic transitions. By measuring molecular emission spectra as the plasma cools, isotopic spectral splitting is enhanced up to several orders of magnitude. We developed LAMIS to date by demonstrating its ability to measure B, C, H, D, Sr and other isotopes. We demonstrated low percent levels for sensitivity and have experimental plans to meet ppm levels. For some isotopes, we have achieved < 0.1% precision. The talk will describe the isotope work that has been reported in LIBS plasmas and show how LAMIS expands those capabilities. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Russo, R E AU - Mao, X L AU - Bol'shakov, A A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 EP - Abstract 3321 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 35 KW - methods KW - chemical analysis KW - laser methods KW - isotopes KW - LAMIS KW - laser ablation molecular isotopic spectroscopy KW - laser ablation KW - spectroscopy KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1869032427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=Laser+ablation+molecular+isotopic+spectroscopy+%28LAMIS%29&rft.au=Russo%2C+R+E%3BMao%2C+X+L%3BBol%27shakov%2C+A+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Russo&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.americangeosciences.org/sites/default/files/igc/3321.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 35th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Jan. 25, 2017 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-17 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical analysis; isotopes; LAMIS; laser ablation; laser ablation molecular isotopic spectroscopy; laser methods; methods; spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochemical requirements for enzymatic perchlorate reduction: What makes a perchlorate reductase a perchlorate reductase? AN - 1861113194; 782782-24 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Youngblut, Matthew D AU - Carlson, Hans K AU - Tsai, Chi-Lin AU - Tainer, John A AU - Iavarone, Anthony T AU - Coates, John D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 3624 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861113194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Biochemical+requirements+for+enzymatic+perchlorate+reduction%3A+What+makes+a+perchlorate+reductase+a+perchlorate+reductase%3F&rft.au=Youngblut%2C+Matthew+D%3BCarlson%2C+Hans+K%3BTsai%2C+Chi-Lin%3BTainer%2C+John+A%3BIavarone%2C+Anthony+T%3BCoates%2C+John+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Youngblut&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3624&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3624.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phylogenomic and physiological exploration of novel clades of the phylum Chloroflexi from Great Boiling Spring, Nevada, USA AN - 1861112597; 782777-20 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Thomas, S C AU - Dodsworth, J A AU - Zhou, E AU - Murugapiran, S K AU - Woyke, T AU - Shaprio, N AU - Bowen, B AU - Silva, L P AU - Northen, T R AU - Hedlund, B P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 3120 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861112597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Phylogenomic+and+physiological+exploration+of+novel+clades+of+the+phylum+Chloroflexi+from+Great+Boiling+Spring%2C+Nevada%2C+USA&rft.au=Thomas%2C+S+C%3BDodsworth%2C+J+A%3BZhou%2C+E%3BMurugapiran%2C+S+K%3BWoyke%2C+T%3BShaprio%2C+N%3BBowen%2C+B%3BSilva%2C+L+P%3BNorthen%2C+T+R%3BHedlund%2C+B+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3120.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diffusion in clays: molecular scale view, continuum scale modeling and importance of microstructure. AN - 1861112476; 782777-61 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Christophe, Tournassat AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 3161 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861112476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Diffusion+in+clays%3A+molecular+scale+view%2C+continuum+scale+modeling+and+importance+of+microstructure.&rft.au=Christophe%2C+Tournassat%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christophe&rft.aufirst=Tournassat&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3161.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dark Production of Hydrogen Peroxide in Groundwater at Rifle, Colorado AN - 1861112324; 782782-43 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Yuan, Xiu AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Hobson, Chad AU - Davis, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 3643 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861112324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Dark+Production+of+Hydrogen+Peroxide+in+Groundwater+at+Rifle%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Xiu%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BHobson%2C+Chad%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yuan&rft.aufirst=Xiu&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3643.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field-scale experiments for developing solutions to subsurface energy challenges AN - 1861110711; 787345-17 AB - Scale is the single most important element common to all of the crosscutting challenges facing the nation and the world to improve the utilization of subsurface energy resources. From enhanced geothermal systems, to unconventional oil and gas, and from geologic carbon sequestration to nuclear waste disposal, useful and practical subsurface energy systems are large, typically on the order of kilometers or more on a side, extending to depths of a few to several kilometers. A common configuration for carbon sequestration and oil and gas systems comprises a reservoir rock, into which fluids can be injected and/or withdrawn through an array of deep wells spread out over the landscape, and a cap rock or seal on top of the reservoir. When reservoir and cap-rock systems reach useful dimensions (e.g., greater than 100 m in size), faults and possibly large variations in properties may be encountered. These heterogeneities can make the systems behave fundamentally differently from smaller systems (e.g., less than 10 m) and may require innovative permeability control for optimal utilization. In order to reduce uncertainties and develop robust designs and optimal procedures for operating large-scale energy systems, we need to undertake field tests on scales greater than 100 m. Without such tests, researchers and engineers must extrapolate their laboratory and small-scale field results to large-scales, a process known as upscaling that is fraught with uncertainty. The goal of large-scale field testing is to (1) observe performance over similar length scales to those over which the technology will need to be applied to be a useful solution to our energy needs, (2) validate models and concepts needed to design and optimize the technology, (3) develop and test monitoring strategies applicable to large length scales, and (4) develop and confirm upscaling approaches to exploit the existing knowledge base and data that have been measured in the lab or from previous smaller scale testing. Building upon a variety of previous field tests, researchers and innovative companies need to now expand field-scale testing to larger scales to develop crosscutting capabilities in controlling permeability and fluid flow through carefully controlled and monitored stimulation and fluid injection/withdrawal processes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 57 EP - 6 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861110711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Field-scale+experiments+for+developing+solutions+to+subsurface+energy+challenges&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imaging fracture networks using joint seismic and electrical change detection techniques AN - 1861110676; 787345-16 AB - Imaging fractures is a notoriously difficult task. Generally speaking this difficulty is attributed to the tortuous nature and fine structure in fractured systems. These features are often challenging to resolve in field settings due to temporal and/or spatial constraints. In an effort to highlight the advancements in geophysical imaging of fractures, as well as the topics where the most gain could be realized from targeted research, this SubTER team undertook a number of extensive near field fracture imaging experiments. During the initially phase of this SubTER project, Sandia National Labs (SNL) conducted a series of high resolution seismic imaging campaigns designed to characterize induced fractures. Fractures were emplaced using a novel explosive source that limits damage to the borehole. In the next phase of the project, SNL and its collaborators (LBNL, LLNL, and PNNL) developed and demonstrated emerging seismic and electrical geophysical imaging technologies that characterized 1) the 3D extent and distribution of fractures stimulated from the explosive source, 2) 3D fluid transport within the stimulated fracture network through use of a particulate tracer, and 3) fracture attributes through advanced data analysis. The project consisted of two phases. The objective of the first phase was to collect a comprehensive set of 4D crosshole seismic and electrical data to image the fracture network generated from a novel explosive source. In addition, autonomous seismic and electrical resistance tomography (ERT) data were collected to image the migration of a tracer designed to enhance the electrical conductivity contrast of the fracture network. Near real-time 4D ERT imaging was tested and demonstrated during this phase. The objective of the second phase was to use data collected during the first phase to 1) develop methods of estimating fracture attributes from seismic data, 2) develop methods of assimilating disparate and transient data sets to improve fracture network imaging resolution, and 3) advance capabilities for near real-time inversion of cross-hole tomographic data. Advancements in these areas are relevant to all situations where fracture stimulation is used for reservoir stimulation (e.g. Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) and tight shale gases). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Knox, Hunter Anne AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan AU - Johnson, Timothy AU - Morris, Joseph AU - Grubelich, Mark AU - King, Dennis AU - Preston, Leiph AU - Knox, James AU - Vermeul, Vince AU - James, Stephanie AU - Strickland, Christopher AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 57 EP - 5 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861110676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Imaging+fracture+networks+using+joint+seismic+and+electrical+change+detection+techniques&rft.au=Knox%2C+Hunter+Anne%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan%3BJohnson%2C+Timothy%3BMorris%2C+Joseph%3BGrubelich%2C+Mark%3BKing%2C+Dennis%3BPreston%2C+Leiph%3BKnox%2C+James%3BVermeul%2C+Vince%3BJames%2C+Stephanie%3BStrickland%2C+Christopher%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Knox&rft.aufirst=Hunter&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding the thmc evolution of bentonite barrier - modeling an in situ test for bentonite backfilled engineered barrier system AN - 1861109101; 787355-19 AB - The most common buffer material for engineered barrier system (EBS) is compacted bentonite, which features low permeability and high retardation of radionuclide transport. The safety functions of EBS bentonite include limiting transport in the near field; damping the shear movement of the host rock; preventing the sinking of canisters, limiting pressure on the canister and rock, and reducing microbial activity. To assess whether EBS bentonite can maintain these favorable features when undergoing heating from the waste package and hydration from the host rock, we need a thorough understanding of the thermal, hydrological, mechanical, and chemical evolution of bentonite under disposal conditions. The FEBEX (Full-scale Engineered Barrier EXperiment) in situ test was dismantled after 18 years' heating and hydration.aThe comprehensive THMC data obtained in the test provide a unique opportunity to validate coupled THMC models and deepen our understanding of the THMC evolution in bentonite. In this presentation, coupled THMC models were developed for the in situ test. Water content data obtained after dismantling and relative humidity data measured real time showed that the hydration of bentonite is slower than predicted by the typical Darcy flow model. Including Non-Darcian flow into the model however leads a significant underestimation of the relative humidity data. The reason could be that the calibration of relative permeability (and retention curve) already encompasses the nonlinear relationship between gradient and flux for bentonite, which would obviate the consideration of Non-Darcian flow in the model. THMC models that take into account the porosity and permeability changes due to mechanical processes match reasonably well all the THM data. However, they did not provide a desirable fit of the measured Cl concentration profile, further calibration of porosity/permeability changes over the course of hydration and swelling or considering other coupled process such as thermal osmosis are needed for the model to sufficiently explain all the THMC data. Model results also showed that transport processes, i.e. advection and diffusion, control the concentration profile of conservative species (Cl for example) and play a major role in shaping the profile of most reactive species except pH and bicarbonate. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Xu, Hao AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 131 EP - 6 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861109101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+thmc+evolution+of+bentonite+barrier+-+modeling+an+in+situ+test+for+bentonite+backfilled+engineered+barrier+system&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Liange%3BXu%2C+Hao%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Liange&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of clay microstructure on uranium(vi) sorption and diffusion AN - 1861109043; 787353-85 AB - A prediction of metal adsorption and diffusion processes in clay-rich media is complicated by (1) the complexity of the mineralogical structure of montmorillonite clay, in terms of its pore-size distributions and available surface site types, and (2) the often complex metal solution speciation, which can include cationic, uncharged, and anionic complexes, depending on solution conditions. Clay particles consist of stacks of negatively-charged smectite layers, which leads to two types of porosities: (1) large pores between clay particles, with little influence of electric-double-layer forces, and (2) very thin interlayer spaces within individual clay particles, where diffusion is impacted by surface charge and ionic strength. Furthermore, these two porous regimes provide different surface environments for contaminant sorption reactions. Electrostatic and hydration forces only are thought to govern cation exchange reactions in interlayer spaces, whereas chemical bonding with surface ligands is dominant for surface complexation reactions at edge sites of clay particles. Finally, a 'spillover' effect may occur, where the electrostatic surface potential of basal cation exchange sites influences the surface potential of neighboring edge sites. As sorption and diffusion processes are expected to take place differently in these two volumes, this essentially creates two 'small-scale diffusion pathways', where each one becomes dominant under different system conditions. For instance, at high pH a partial or full exclusion of anions from negatively charged clay interlayer spaces could decrease the effective 'anion-accessible' porosity and diffusive flux under steady state conditions, while at low pH the 'surface diffusion' of weakly-adsorbed cations could increase the overall flux. We will discuss the effects of these clay microstructure characteristics on metal sorption and diffusion processes, using uranium(VI) as example. Our results from lab-scale U(VI)-montmorillonite diffusion experiments at alkaline pH demonstrate the importance of anion exclusion effects. A new U(VI)-montmorillonite surface complexation model, that specifically accounts for the 'spillover' effect, allows us to predict U(VI) sorption under varying conditions with a minimum number of fitting parameters. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Tinnacher, Ruth M AU - Davis, James A AU - Tournassat, Christophe AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 119 EP - 2 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861109043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Effects+of+clay+microstructure+on+uranium%28vi%29+sorption+and+diffusion&rft.au=Tinnacher%2C+Ruth+M%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BTournassat%2C+Christophe%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tinnacher&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First results of aseismic fault slip and leakage preceding an earthquake induced during an in situ fault reactivation experiment in shales (mont terri fs experiment, Switzerland) AN - 1861108956; 787350-93 AB - Understanding fault reactivation is critical in geologic wastewater disposal, hydraulic fracturing, and CO2 sequestration because it may result in enhanced fault permeability, potentially inducing fluid leakage from the injection zone through overlying caprock and eventually triggering shallow seismic events. Here we show preliminary results from a controlled field stimulation experiment (FS experiment dedicated to the hydro-mechanical characterization of in-situ clay fault slip) conducted in a N140�-dipping 50-to-60�SE fault in a clay formation in the Mont Terri Underground Research Laboratory (Switzerland). We measured fault slip and seismicity induced by fluid-injection in a natural fault at a depth of 300 m. We observe multiple dilatant slip events ( nearly equal 30 micrometer/s) associated with factor-of-1000 increase of permeability, and a magnitude nearly equal -2.5 main seismic event associated with a swarm of very small magnitude ones. Seismicity occurs after aseismic slip has been initiated within the fluid-pressurized zone of the fault. Two monitoring points set across the fault allow estimating that, at the onset of the seismicity, the radius of the fault patch invaded by pressurized fluid is nearly equal 5-to-7m which is larger than the approximate location of the seismic events. The seismic source radius which was estimated to nearly equal 1.2m indicates that only a fraction of the activated fault patch experienced unstable slip. Significantly different slip/dilation signals at the two monitoring points tend to show that patches of different fault hydromechanical properties could be controlling the slip stability. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Guglielmi, Yves AU - de Barros, Louis AU - Nussbaum, Christophe AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Cappa, Frederic AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 95 EP - 12 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861108956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=First+results+of+aseismic+fault+slip+and+leakage+preceding+an+earthquake+induced+during+an+in+situ+fault+reactivation+experiment+in+shales+%28mont+terri+fs+experiment%2C+Switzerland%29&rft.au=Guglielmi%2C+Yves%3Bde+Barros%2C+Louis%3BNussbaum%2C+Christophe%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BCappa%2C+Frederic%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Guglielmi&rft.aufirst=Yves&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of radioactive waste disposal research activities linked to international underground research laboratories AN - 1861108809; 787355-16 AB - After decades of focusing on disposal of radioactive waste in unsaturated fractured tuff, the United States' interest has shifted to alternative host rocks (e.g., clay, crystalline, salt), hydrogeologic conditions (i.e., saturated, reducing), and repository designs (e.g., bentonite backfill and seals). These alternatives are similar to those that have been investigated by international geologic disposal programs in Europe and Asia. Close collaboration with these programs allows U.S. researchers (1) to benefit from a deep knowledge base with regards to alternative repository solutions developed over decades, and (2) to participate in valuable field experiments conducted in operating underground research laboratories (URLs) not currently available in the U.S. To advance international collaboration, the United States disposal program has joined five multinational cooperation initiatives as a formal partner (e.g., the Mont Terri Project, the DECOVALEX Project, the FEBEX-DP Project, the SKB Task Forces), and has established a balanced portfolio of selected R&D projects collaborating with international peers. These projects cover a range of relevant R&D fields like near-field perturbation, engineered barrier integrity, radionuclide (RN) transport, and integrated system behavior. This presentation gives a brief overview of current R&D activities in the United States disposal research program involving international collaboration, with specific focus on activities that allow participation in field experiments conducted in underground research laboratories (URLs). The joint R&D with international researchers and the access to relevant data/experiments from a variety of URLs and host rocks has significantly improved the current technical basis for disposal in a range of potential host rock environments available in the United States. Comparison with experimental data has contributed to testing and validating predictive computational models for evaluation of disposal system performance in a variety of disposal system concepts. Comparison of model results with other international modeling groups, using their own simulation tools and conceptual understanding, has enhanced confidence in the robustness of predictive models used for performance assessment. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 131 EP - 3 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861108809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+radioactive+waste+disposal+research+activities+linked+to+international+underground+research+laboratories&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the spatiotemporal variability in subsurface thermal regimes across a low-relief polygonal tundra landscape AN - 1861108280; 787111-22 AB - Vast carbon stocks stored in permafrost soils of Arctic tundra are under risk of release to the atmosphere under warming climate scenarios. Ice-wedge polygons in the low-gradient polygonal tundra create a complex mosaic of microtopographic features. This microtopography plays a critical role in regulating the fine-scale variability in thermal and hydrological regimes in the polygonal tundra landscape underlain by continuous permafrost. Modeling of thermal regimes of this sensitive ecosystem is essential for understanding the landscape behavior under the current as well as changing climate. We present here an end-to-end effort for high-resolution numerical modeling of thermal hydrology at real-world field sites, utilizing the best available data to characterize and parameterize the models. We develop approaches to model the thermal hydrology of polygonal tundra and apply them at four study sites near Barrow, Alaska, spanning across low to transitional to high-centered polygons, representing a broad polygonal tundra landscape. A multiphase subsurface thermal hydrology model (PFLOTRAN) was developed and applied to study the thermal regimes at four sites. Using a high-resolution lidar digital elevation model (DEM), microtopographic features of the landscape were characterized and represented in the high-resolution model mesh. The best available soil data from field observations and literature were utilized to represent the complex heterogeneous subsurface in the numerical model. Simulation results demonstrate the ability of the developed modeling approach to capture - without recourse to model calibration - several aspects of the complex thermal regimes across the sites, and provide insights into the critical role of polygonal tundra microtopography in regulating the thermal dynamics of the carbon-rich permafrost soils. Areas of significant disagreement between model results and observations highlight the importance of field-based observations of soil thermal and hydraulic properties for modeling-based studies of permafrost thermal dynamics, and provide motivation and guidance for future observations that will help address model and data gaps affecting our current understanding of the system. JF - The Cryosphere (Online) AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Collier, Nathan AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Mills, Richard T AU - Thornton, Peter E AU - Iversen, Colleen M AU - Romanovsky, Vladimir Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2241 EP - 2274 PB - Copernicus on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 10 IS - 5 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861108280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cryosphere+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+spatiotemporal+variability+in+subsurface+thermal+regimes+across+a+low-relief+polygonal+tundra+landscape&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Jitendra%3BCollier%2C+Nathan%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BMills%2C+Richard+T%3BThornton%2C+Peter+E%3BIversen%2C+Colleen+M%3BRomanovsky%2C+Vladimir&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Jitendra&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Cryosphere+%28Online%29&rft.issn=1994-0424&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/2241/2016/tc-10-2241-2016.pdf http://www.the-cryosphere.net/volumes_and_issues.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of air-soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region AN - 1861104583; 781827-23 AB - A realistic simulation of snow cover and its thermal properties are important for accurate modelling of permafrost. We analyse simulated relationships between air and near-surface (20 cm) soil temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region during winter, with a particular focus on snow insulation effects in nine land surface models, and compare them with observations from 268 Russian stations. There are large cross-model differences in the simulated differences between near-surface soil and air temperatures (Delta T; 3 to 14 degrees C), in the sensitivity of soil-to-air temperature (0.13 to 0.96 degrees C degrees C (super -1) ), and in the relationship between Delta T and snow depth. The observed relationship between Delta T and snow depth can be used as a metric to evaluate the effects of each model's representation of snow insulation, hence guide improvements to the model's conceptual structure and process parameterisations. Models with better performance apply multilayer snow schemes and consider complex snow processes. Some models show poor performance in representing snow insulation due to underestimation of snow depth and/or overestimation of snow conductivity. Generally, models identified as most acceptable with respect to snow insulation simulate reasonable areas of near-surface permafrost (13.19 to 15.77 million km (super 2) ). However, there is not a simple relationship between the sophistication of the snow insulation in the acceptable models and the simulated area of Northern Hemisphere near-surface permafrost, because several other factors, such as soil depth used in the models, the treatment of soil organic matter content, hydrology and vegetation cover, also affect the simulated permafrost distribution. JF - The Cryosphere (Online) AU - Wang, Wenli AU - Rinke, Annette AU - Moore, John C AU - Ji, Duoying AU - Cui, Xuefeng AU - Peng, Shushi AU - Lawrence, David M AU - McGuire, A David AU - Burke, Eleanor J AU - Chen, Xiaodong AU - Decharme, Bertrand AU - Koven, Charles AU - MacDougall, Andrew AU - Saito, Kazuyuki AU - Zhang, Wenxin AU - Alkama, Ramdane AU - Bohn, Theodore J AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Delire, Christine AU - Gouttevin, Isabelle AU - Hajima, Tomohiro AU - Krinner, Gerhard AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P AU - Miller, Paul A AU - Smith, Benjamin AU - Sueyoshi, Tetsuo AU - Sherstiukov, Artem B Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1721 EP - 1737 PB - Copernicus on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 10 IS - 4 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861104583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cryosphere+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+air-soil+temperature+relationships+simulated+by+land+surface+models+during+winter+across+the+permafrost+region&rft.au=Wang%2C+Wenli%3BRinke%2C+Annette%3BMoore%2C+John+C%3BJi%2C+Duoying%3BCui%2C+Xuefeng%3BPeng%2C+Shushi%3BLawrence%2C+David+M%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor+J%3BChen%2C+Xiaodong%3BDecharme%2C+Bertrand%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BMacDougall%2C+Andrew%3BSaito%2C+Kazuyuki%3BZhang%2C+Wenxin%3BAlkama%2C+Ramdane%3BBohn%2C+Theodore+J%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BDelire%2C+Christine%3BGouttevin%2C+Isabelle%3BHajima%2C+Tomohiro%3BKrinner%2C+Gerhard%3BLettenmaier%2C+Dennis+P%3BMiller%2C+Paul+A%3BSmith%2C+Benjamin%3BSueyoshi%2C+Tetsuo%3BSherstiukov%2C+Artem+B&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Wenli&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1721&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Cryosphere+%28Online%29&rft.issn=1994-0424&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/1721/2016/tc-10-1721-2016.pdf http://www.the-cryosphere.net/volumes_and_issues.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The kISMET (permeability (K) and induced seismicity management for energy technologies) project; an underground field laboratory for investigating the relations between natural and induced fractures, stress field, and rock fabric AN - 1861101258; 787338-43 AB - kISMET is part of the US Department of Energy's Subsurface Technology & Engineering Research (SubTER) crosscutting initiative for adaptive control of fractures, reactions, and flow in the subsurface. The project is located at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in the former Homestake gold mine in Lead, SD. The kISMET site consists of five closely spaced near-vertical boreholes on the 4850 level that are designed for a series of hydraulic fracturing stress measurements and induced-fracture stimulation experiments. Four of the boreholes are HQ-sized holes that are 50 m in depth and will host monitoring sensors; in conjunction with a central NQ borehole they form a five-spot pattern at depth. The monitoring boreholes are located nearly equal 3 m away from the central borehole, allowing for very precise monitoring of fracture initiation and growth. The host rock is the Poorman Formation, a highly foliated phyllite that is steeply dipping at the kISMET site. Initial characterization of the site is being conducted using core samples, televiewer logs, and extensive preexisting geologic data. A straddle packer assembly will be installed at several depths in the central borehole to conduct stress measurements, and later to perform a series of hydrofracture stimulations. Preliminary analytical and numerical fracture initiation and growth model simulations conducted using existing geomechanical data for the Poorman phyllite suggest rock breakdown pressures in the range of 35-50 MPa. Two primary methods will be employed to monitor the experiments: continuous active-source seismic monitoring (CASSM) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT); these will be complemented by passive microseismic (MEQ), pore pressure and injection rate monitoring. These experiments are aimed at understanding the effects of stress state, rock fabric, existing fractures, and stimulation approach on the character of the fracture(s) created (e.g., permeability enhancement, size, orientation, aperture), the fracturing process, and the associated induced microseismicity. Results of this research will be directly applicable to fracture stimulation and reservoir creation in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Cook, Paul J AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Siler, Drew L AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Guglielmi, Yves AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Wang, Herb F AU - Haimson, Bezalel C AU - Sone, Hiroki AU - Vigilante, Peter AU - Roggenthen, William M AU - Doe, Thomas W AU - Lee, Moo Y AU - Mattson, Earl D AU - Huang, Hai AU - Johnson, Timothy J AU - Morris, Joseph P AU - White, Joshua A AU - Johnson, Paul A AU - Coblentz, David D AU - Heise, Jaret AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 4 EP - 9 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861101258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+kISMET+%28permeability+%28K%29+and+induced+seismicity+management+for+energy+technologies%29+project%3B+an+underground+field+laboratory+for+investigating+the+relations+between+natural+and+induced+fractures%2C+stress+field%2C+and+rock+fabric&rft.au=Dobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BCook%2C+Paul+J%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BSiler%2C+Drew+L%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BNakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BWu%2C+Yuxin%3BGuglielmi%2C+Yves%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BWang%2C+Herb+F%3BHaimson%2C+Bezalel+C%3BSone%2C+Hiroki%3BVigilante%2C+Peter%3BRoggenthen%2C+William+M%3BDoe%2C+Thomas+W%3BLee%2C+Moo+Y%3BMattson%2C+Earl+D%3BHuang%2C+Hai%3BJohnson%2C+Timothy+J%3BMorris%2C+Joseph+P%3BWhite%2C+Joshua+A%3BJohnson%2C+Paul+A%3BCoblentz%2C+David+D%3BHeise%2C+Jaret%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory visualization and acoustic emission monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in a complex, fractured medium AN - 1861101191; 787342-18 AB - Fracture propagation in rock can be affected strongly by open and healed (or filled) preexisting fractures, resulting in changes in the propagation paths and complex branching. The resulting network of hydraulically connected complex fractures is considered critical for efficient and economical production of oil and gas, and circulation of geothermal fluids. Evidence for the complex fracturing is mostly from microearthquake (MEQ) observations in the field and numerical simulations while direct observations in the laboratory are still scarce. In this presentation, we will show recently developed methodologies and the results from laboratory hydraulic fracturing visualization experiments. Optical visualization experiments are conducted in transparent glass cubes containing varying degrees of heterogeneity consisting of fractures and microcracks. These defects are either etched in the rock (glass) matrix using 3D laser engraving based upon specified fracture geometry and patterns, or produced by thermal quenching (and partial rehealing) which result in varying degrees of fracture density, strength, and connectivity (or permeability). Fluorescent dye is used to enhance the images of the thin fractures, assisted by illumination by laser and UV light. In anisotropic (and opaque) shale blocks, the samples are scanned via X-ray CT, assisted by contrast-enhancing fluid (liquid metal) to improve the visibility of thin hydraulic fractures. Using the transparent glass samples for optical visualization, we investigate the impact of fluid viscosity and injection rate on the geometry of the hydraulic fracture and fracture network produced by fluid injection, while the sample cubes are subjected to true-triaxial stresses. In the optical visualization experiments, propagation of the fractures and evolution of fracture networks can be observed through a mirror and a port hole installed in loading platens. Concurrently, we determine the locations of fracturing from acoustic emissions and correlate them to the optical images of the fractures. The experiments indicate that changes in the fluid injection rate (and viscosity) can modify the geometry of the hydraulic fractures, which may be a key to improved control of subsurface permeability. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 33 EP - 7 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861101191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Laboratory+visualization+and+acoustic+emission+monitoring+of+hydraulic+fracturing+in+a+complex%2C+fractured+medium&rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nakagawa&rft.aufirst=Seiji&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2016 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport modeling for evaluation and optimization of architected materials AN - 1861091344; 782775-45 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Tournassat, Christophe AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2945 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861091344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+modeling+for+evaluation+and+optimization+of+architected+materials&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl%3BTournassat%2C+Christophe%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2945&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2945.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomineral vaterite spicules do not grow from amorphous calcium carbonate, they grow ion by ion from solution AN - 1861091343; 782771-23 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Pokroy, Boaz AU - Kabalah-Amitai, Lee AU - Polishchuk, I Ryna AU - Devol, Ross T AU - Blonsky, Adam Z AU - Sun, Chang-Yu AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Scholl, Andreas AU - Gilbert, Pupa U P A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2523 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861091343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Biomineral+vaterite+spicules+do+not+grow+from+amorphous+calcium+carbonate%2C+they+grow+ion+by+ion+from+solution&rft.au=Pokroy%2C+Boaz%3BKabalah-Amitai%2C+Lee%3BPolishchuk%2C+I+Ryna%3BDevol%2C+Ross+T%3BBlonsky%2C+Adam+Z%3BSun%2C+Chang-Yu%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BScholl%2C+Andreas%3BGilbert%2C+Pupa+U+P+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pokroy&rft.aufirst=Boaz&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2523.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating degradation of organic matter in Murchison meteorite captured by aerogel after hypervelocity experiments AN - 1861091251; 782769-74 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Okudaira AU - Kebukawa, Y AU - Yabuta, H AU - Nakato, A AU - Kilcoyne, D AU - Hasegawa, S AU - Tabata, M AU - Kobayashi, K AU - Yano, H AU - Yamagishi, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2374 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861091251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Evaluating+degradation+of+organic+matter+in+Murchison+meteorite+captured+by+aerogel+after+hypervelocity+experiments&rft.au=Okudaira%3BKebukawa%2C+Y%3BYabuta%2C+H%3BNakato%2C+A%3BKilcoyne%2C+D%3BHasegawa%2C+S%3BTabata%2C+M%3BKobayashi%2C+K%3BYano%2C+H%3BYamagishi%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Okudaira&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2374.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microcontinuum modeling of CO2-water-rock interaction AN - 1861090940; 782775-44 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Beckingham, Lauren AU - Landrot, Gautier AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2944 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861090940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Microcontinuum+modeling+of+CO2-water-rock+interaction&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl%3BBeckingham%2C+Lauren%3BLandrot%2C+Gautier%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2944&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2944.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating mineralogical heterogeneity in pore scale models using a direct numerical simulation approach AN - 1861090847; 782767-28 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Trebotich, David AU - Swift, Alexander AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2128 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861090847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Incorporating+mineralogical+heterogeneity+in+pore+scale+models+using+a+direct+numerical+simulation+approach&rft.au=Molins%2C+Sergi%3BTrebotich%2C+David%3BSwift%2C+Alexander%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=Sergi&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2128.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of precipitation at the pore-scale on permeability and flow AN - 1861090827; 782769-1 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Noiriel, Catherine AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Yang, Li AU - Bernard, Dominique AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 2301 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861090827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Effects+of+precipitation+at+the+pore-scale+on+permeability+and+flow&rft.au=Noiriel%2C+Catherine%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BYang%2C+Li%3BBernard%2C+Dominique%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Noiriel&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2301.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - STXM-NEXAFS: applying a new technique which helps to unravel the mystery of rock varnish AN - 1861080094; 784660-91 AB - Rock varnish is a black shiny layer on rock surfaces, present on slowly weathering rocks, independent of their lithology. Its main components are poorly crystallized Mn and Fe oxides and clay minerals. The latter are thought to be dust particles that have accumulated in this sedimentary structure over time. The genesis of rock varnish has been a matter of debate since its first description in 1812[1]. This material, which can be applied as paleoclimate archive, grows only micrometers per thousands of years and only up to an overall thickness of approximately 250 mu m. Consequently, techniques resolving nanometer structures are necessary to observe the information about the past. In this study, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy - near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (STXM - NEXAFS) on focused ion beam (FIB) ultra-thin sections (100-200 nm thickness) was used. The FIB Ga+-ion sputtering (milling) was performed using an FEI Nova600Nanolab dual-beam instrument. The STXM-NEXAFS analysis was conducted using two X-ray microscopes: (1) the instrument at beamline 5.3.2.2[2] at the Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, CA, USA and (2) the MAXYMUS at beamline UE46-PGM-2[3] at the synchrotron BESSY II, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Germany. Both instruments are equipped with a high energy resolving grating, a Fresnel zone plate providing a spatial resolution of up to 30 nm, and phosphor-coated Lucite photomultiplier tubes for the detection of transmitted photons. Data were evaluated with the Interactive Data Language (IDL) widget "Analysis of X-ray microscopy Images and Spectra" (aXis2000). With STXM-NEXAFS, nanometer structures can be observed by element distribution mapping[4]. Sensitivity for functional groups and moieties might in addition provide an answer to the genesis of rock varnish (i.e., biogenic vs. abiogenic). Furthermore, oxidation states of elements such as Mn and Fe can be investigated to receive information about the nanocrystalline matrix-minerals of this material. Investigating the FIB sections, layered sequences of Mn- and Fe-rich were observed, which are thought to represent wet and dry climate episodes[5]. Element abundance changes in layers, such as for K and Ca, might display changing dust compositions over time. Cavities in the underlying rock, lined by Mn and Fe, are evidence for dissolution processes and case hardening. Furthermore, variations were observed within varnishes from different landforms, indicating diversity within the varnish genesis. Measurements of South African and urban sandstone varnishes by STXM showed varnishes without layered sequences, which have a Mn- and Ca-rich matrix, where Fe is only present in enclosed mineral particles. Thus, STXM-NEXAFS results provide detailed insights, but to solve the mystery of rock varnish, a combination of microanalytical techniques is required, since no single technique is able to provide all essential information on its own. JF - International Geological Congress, Abstracts = Congres Geologique International, Resumes AU - Macholdt, D S AU - Poehlker, C AU - Foerster, J D AU - Weber, B AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Weigand, M AU - Mueller, M AU - Lieberwirth, I AU - Jochum, K P AU - Kappl, M AU - Haug, G AU - Andreae, M O AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 EP - Abstract 1045 PB - [International Geological Congress], [location varies] VL - 35 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861080094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.atitle=STXM-NEXAFS%3A+applying+a+new+technique+which+helps+to+unravel+the+mystery+of+rock+varnish&rft.au=Macholdt%2C+D+S%3BPoehlker%2C+C%3BFoerster%2C+J+D%3BWeber%2C+B%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BWeigand%2C+M%3BMueller%2C+M%3BLieberwirth%2C+I%3BJochum%2C+K+P%3BKappl%2C+M%3BHaug%2C+G%3BAndreae%2C+M+O%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Macholdt&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Geological+Congress%2C+Abstracts+%3D+Congres+Geologique+International%2C+Resumes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.americangeosciences.org/sites/default/files/igc/1045.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 35th international geological congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by International Geological Congress Organizational Committee N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - IGABBY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How important is the hyporheic zone for biogeochemical cycling? AN - 1859791891; 2017-004454 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Dwivedi, Dipankar AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Arora, Bhavna AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 730 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - hydrology KW - sorption KW - meanders KW - oxygen KW - biochemistry KW - hyporheic zone KW - solution KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - nitrogen cycle KW - precipitation KW - carbon KW - fluvial features KW - ecology KW - carbon cycle KW - fluvial environment KW - pH KW - Eh KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859791891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=How+important+is+the+hyporheic+zone+for+biogeochemical+cycling%3F&rft.au=Dwivedi%2C+Dipankar%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BArora%2C+Bhavna%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dwivedi&rft.aufirst=Dipankar&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=730&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/730.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon; carbon cycle; ecology; Eh; fluvial environment; fluvial features; geochemical cycle; hydrology; hyporheic zone; meanders; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; nutrients; oxygen; pH; precipitation; solution; sorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecosystem functional zonation approach to integrate multi-type multiscale datasets for scaling above and below-ground control on carbon cycling AN - 1859790045; 2017-004176 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Wainwright, Haruko M AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Tas, Neslihan AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Smith, Lydia AU - Curtis, John Bryan AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Peterson, John E AU - Hubbard, Susan S Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 254 EP - 255 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - Arctic region KW - data processing KW - ecosystems KW - thawing KW - climate change KW - Barrow Alaska KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon KW - ecology KW - Alaska KW - glacial geology KW - carbon cycle KW - polygons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859790045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Ecosystem+functional+zonation+approach+to+integrate+multi-type+multiscale+datasets+for+scaling+above+and+below-ground+control+on+carbon+cycling&rft.au=Wainwright%2C+Haruko+M%3BDafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BTas%2C+Neslihan%3BWu%2C+Yuxin%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3BSmith%2C+Lydia%3BCurtis%2C+John+Bryan%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BPeterson%2C+John+E%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=Haruko&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=254&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Arctic region; Barrow Alaska; carbon; carbon cycle; climate change; data processing; degradation; ecology; ecosystems; geochemical cycle; glacial geology; permafrost; polygons; thawing; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Net effects of drying experiment on permafrost stability through radiocarbon signals AN - 1859789934; 2017-004150 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Kwon, Min Jung AU - Natali, Susan M AU - Pries, Caitlin Hicks AU - Crummer, K Grace AU - Schuur, Edward A G AU - Zimov, Nikita AU - Zimov, Sergey A AU - Heimann, Martin AU - Goeckede, Mathias Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 220 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - isotopes KW - tundra KW - Arctic region KW - ecosystems KW - Eight Mile Lake KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - carbon KW - climate effects KW - Alaska KW - carbon cycle KW - C-14 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859789934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Net+effects+of+drying+experiment+on+permafrost+stability+through+radiocarbon+signals&rft.au=Kwon%2C+Min+Jung%3BNatali%2C+Susan+M%3BPries%2C+Caitlin+Hicks%3BCrummer%2C+K+Grace%3BSchuur%2C+Edward+A+G%3BZimov%2C+Nikita%3BZimov%2C+Sergey+A%3BHeimann%2C+Martin%3BGoeckede%2C+Mathias&rft.aulast=Kwon&rft.aufirst=Min&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=220&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Arctic region; C-14; carbon; carbon cycle; climate change; climate effects; degradation; ecosystems; Eight Mile Lake; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; isotopes; laboratory studies; permafrost; radioactive isotopes; tundra; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the biogeochemical processes and environmental controls that drive Arctic-boreal ecosystem carbon fluxes AN - 1855317577; 2017-000898 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Miller, Charles AU - Biraud, Sebastien AU - Bloom, Anthony AU - Budney, John AU - Chang, Rachel AU - Chazanoff, Seth AU - Commane, Roisin AU - Daube, Bruce AU - Fang, Yuanyuan AU - Gottlieb, Elaine AU - Hardman, Sean AU - Henderson, John AU - Jeong, Su-Jong AU - Karion, Anna AU - Kimball, John S AU - Koven, Charles AU - Kurosu, Thomas AU - Lawrence, David AU - Luus, Kristina AU - McDonald, Kyle AU - McKain, Kathryn AU - Michalak, Anna AU - Miller, John AU - Miller, Scot AU - Mouteva, Gergana AU - Oechel, Walt AU - Parazoo, Nicholas Cody AU - Pittman, Jasna AU - Podest, Erika AU - Potter, Chris AU - Randerson, James AU - Sachs, Torsten AU - Schimel, Dave AU - Slater, Andrew AU - Steiner, Nick AU - Sweeney, Colm AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Veraverbeke, Sander AU - Watts, Jennifer D AU - Wiggins, Elizabeth AU - Wofsy, Steve AU - Wolter, Sonja AU - Worthy, Doug AU - Yadav, Vineet AU - Zona, Donatella Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 295 EP - 296 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - permafrost KW - methane KW - degradation KW - biochemistry KW - Arctic region KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - boreal environment KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - climate effects KW - ecology KW - carbon cycle KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855317577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+biogeochemical+processes+and+environmental+controls+that+drive+Arctic-boreal+ecosystem+carbon+fluxes&rft.au=Miller%2C+Charles%3BBiraud%2C+Sebastien%3BBloom%2C+Anthony%3BBudney%2C+John%3BChang%2C+Rachel%3BChazanoff%2C+Seth%3BCommane%2C+Roisin%3BDaube%2C+Bruce%3BFang%2C+Yuanyuan%3BGottlieb%2C+Elaine%3BHardman%2C+Sean%3BHenderson%2C+John%3BJeong%2C+Su-Jong%3BKarion%2C+Anna%3BKimball%2C+John+S%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BKurosu%2C+Thomas%3BLawrence%2C+David%3BLuus%2C+Kristina%3BMcDonald%2C+Kyle%3BMcKain%2C+Kathryn%3BMichalak%2C+Anna%3BMiller%2C+John%3BMiller%2C+Scot%3BMouteva%2C+Gergana%3BOechel%2C+Walt%3BParazoo%2C+Nicholas+Cody%3BPittman%2C+Jasna%3BPodest%2C+Erika%3BPotter%2C+Chris%3BRanderson%2C+James%3BSachs%2C+Torsten%3BSchimel%2C+Dave%3BSlater%2C+Andrew%3BSteiner%2C+Nick%3BSweeney%2C+Colm%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3BVeraverbeke%2C+Sander%3BWatts%2C+Jennifer+D%3BWiggins%2C+Elizabeth%3BWofsy%2C+Steve%3BWolter%2C+Sonja%3BWorthy%2C+Doug%3BYadav%2C+Vineet%3BZona%2C+Donatella&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Arctic region; biochemistry; boreal environment; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; climate change; climate effects; degradation; ecology; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; methane; organic compounds; permafrost; soils; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetic isotope effects during calcite growth; sensors of paleoenvironment and mineral surface dynamics AN - 1849308315; 2016-110652 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 650 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - calcium KW - isotope fractionation KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - growth rates KW - isotopes KW - crystal growth KW - Sr/Ca KW - calcite KW - paleoenvironment KW - saturation KW - metals KW - calcium carbonate KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - chemical ratios KW - carbonates KW - strontium KW - pH KW - minerals KW - mineral surface KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849308315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Kinetic+isotope+effects+during+calcite+growth%3B+sensors+of+paleoenvironment+and+mineral+surface+dynamics&rft.au=DePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DePaolo&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=650&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/650.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcite; calcium; calcium carbonate; carbonates; chemical composition; chemical ratios; crystal growth; growth rates; isotope fractionation; isotopes; kinetics; magnesium; metals; mineral surface; minerals; paleoenvironment; pH; saturation; Sr/Ca; strontium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating fracture alteration caused by CO (sub 2) -water-rock interactions AN - 1849307753; 2016-110645 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Deng, Hang AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Molins, Sergi AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 643 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - alteration KW - diffusion KW - carbon sequestration KW - site exploration KW - fluid flow KW - gas storage KW - deformation KW - solution KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - fractures KW - water-rock interaction KW - precipitation KW - brines KW - cap rocks KW - wettability KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - permeability KW - storage KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849307753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Simulating+fracture+alteration+caused+by+CO+%28sub+2%29+-water-rock+interactions&rft.au=Deng%2C+Hang%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BMolins%2C+Sergi%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Deng&rft.aufirst=Hang&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/643.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; brines; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; deformation; diffusion; fluid flow; fractures; gas storage; geochemistry; models; permeability; pH; precipitation; site exploration; solution; storage; water; water-rock interaction; wettability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Broadband dielectric spectroscopy study of smectites, collation of simulations and experiments AN - 1849305603; 2016-110624 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Dazas, Baptiste AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Bourg, Ian C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 622 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - smectite KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - layered materials KW - clay minerals KW - conductivity KW - dynamics KW - dielectric properties KW - water content KW - sheet silicates KW - spectra KW - crystal chemistry KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849305603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Broadband+dielectric+spectroscopy+study+of+smectites%2C+collation+of+simulations+and+experiments&rft.au=Dazas%2C+Baptiste%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BBourg%2C+Ian+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dazas&rft.aufirst=Baptiste&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=622&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/622.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; clay minerals; conductivity; crystal chemistry; dielectric properties; diffusion; dynamics; experimental studies; ions; layered materials; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; spectra; water; water content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Produced water disposal injection in the southern San Joaquin Valley; no evidence of groundwater quality effects due to upward leakage AN - 1840622008; 2016-096697 AB - Upward migration of brine because of pressurization resulting from injection is a risk of disposal of water produced with oil and geologic carbon storage. Analysis of the net production in each zone associated with oil production activities in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California, determined that net injection caused by disposal of water produced with oil occurred in zones above the shallowest zone with net production in several oil fields. The zones with net injection are also variously at depths just greater than the shallowest depths for geologic carbon storage or at depths intermediate between more typical geologic carbon storage depths and overlying groundwater with a total dissolved solids concentration appropriate for domestic use. As such, these net injections provide analogs for brine pressurization caused by geologic carbon storage, either in the injection zone around the CO (sub 2) plume or in overlying zones caused by vertical leakage of brine or CO (sub 2) Hundreds of newspaper articles regarding groundwater contamination in the main newspaper in the southern San Joaquin area collectively reported on effects on groundwater from tens of sources at tens of locations. These effects resulted in the closure of about 100 water supply wells. However, no effects caused by upward migration of brine were reported. Of the shallowest zones with oil production-related activity in each field, the Fruitvale field, Main area, Etchegoin pool had the largest cumulative net injection volume. This pool is also intersected by numerous faults and approximately 900 wells related to oil production, each providing a potential pathway for upward fluid migration. Total dissolved solids and nitrate concentration data are available from greater than 100 water supply wells overlying this pool. Analysis of these data determined there was no significant groundwater quality change likely attributable to upward migration of brine (p < 0.05). It is not known if this is because the application of current underground injection control regulations is effective or because upward migration of brine, which is a dense phase, to groundwater is unlikely. The different engineering and economic implications of these two hypotheses suggest the need for future work to ascertain which is correct under different conditions. JF - Environmental Geosciences AU - Jordan, Preston D AU - Gillespie, Janice Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 141 EP - 177 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG), Division of Environmental Geosciences, Tulsa, OK VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 1075-9565, 1075-9565 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - lithostratigraphy KW - plumes KW - contaminant plumes KW - environmental analysis KW - seepage KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - California KW - Kern County California KW - nitrate ion KW - concentration KW - water supply KW - monitoring KW - San Joaquin Valley KW - pressure KW - Fruitvale Field KW - injection KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - enhanced recovery KW - migration of elements KW - Bakersfield California KW - aquifers KW - Tertiary KW - Etchegoin Formation KW - Neogene KW - brines KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840622008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Produced+water+disposal+injection+in+the+southern+San+Joaquin+Valley%3B+no+evidence+of+groundwater+quality+effects+due+to+upward+leakage&rft.au=Jordan%2C+Preston+D%3BGillespie%2C+Janice&rft.aulast=Jordan&rft.aufirst=Preston&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geosciences&rft.issn=10759565&rft_id=info:doi/10.1306%2Feg.10131515012 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/ege LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Bakersfield California; brines; California; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; concentration; contaminant plumes; enhanced recovery; environmental analysis; Etchegoin Formation; Fruitvale Field; ground water; injection; Kern County California; lithostratigraphy; migration of elements; monitoring; Neogene; nitrate ion; oil and gas fields; plumes; pollution; pressure; reservoir rocks; San Joaquin Valley; seepage; solutes; Tertiary; United States; water quality; water supply DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/eg.10131515012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional crustal-scale structures as conduits for deep geothermal upflow AN - 1840620297; 2016-095717 AB - Geothermal fluids produced from two of the largest production geothermal fields in the Great Basin have helium isotope ratios that are anomalously high relative to basin-wide trends. These data indicate that the geothermal systems, Dixie Valley, Nevada and McGinness Hills, Nevada have an anomalously high fraction of mantle derived fluid. These connections to deeply derived fluid and heat may supplement crustal heat production and be responsible, in part, for the anomalously high production capacity, relative to other Great Basin geothermal fields, that Dixie Valley and McGinness Hills support. Deep-seated crustal structures across the Great Basin and around the world are known to be associated with structural reactivation, can have relatively high permeability, and can act as fluid flow conduits. These deep seated structures across the Great Basin control upflow of deeply derived heat and fluids into the shallow geothermal systems at Dixie Valley and McGinness Hills, contributing to their productivity. Abstract Copyright (2016) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Siler, Drew L AU - Kennedy, B Mack Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 27 EP - 37 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 59 IS - PART A SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - McGinness Hills KW - Churchill County Nevada KW - Basin and Range Province KW - isotopes KW - mantle KW - Dixie Valley Field KW - stable isotopes KW - Dixie Valley KW - deep-seated structures KW - noble gases KW - helium KW - Nevada KW - North America KW - isotope ratios KW - Great Basin KW - fluid flow KW - porosity KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal exploration KW - McGinness Hills Field KW - geochemical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - He-4/He-3 KW - permeability KW - crust KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840620297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Regional+crustal-scale+structures+as+conduits+for+deep+geothermal+upflow&rft.au=Siler%2C+Drew+L%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack&rft.aulast=Siler&rft.aufirst=Drew&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=PART+A&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2015.10.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 116 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Basin and Range Province; Churchill County Nevada; crust; deep-seated structures; Dixie Valley; Dixie Valley Field; fluid flow; geochemical methods; geothermal energy; geothermal exploration; geothermal fields; Great Basin; He-4/He-3; helium; isotope ratios; isotopes; mantle; McGinness Hills; McGinness Hills Field; Nevada; noble gases; North America; permeability; porosity; reservoir properties; stable isotopes; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.10.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of paleoseawater composition on hydrothermal exchange at mid-ocean ridges AN - 1832729137; 2016-090137 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Antonelli, Michael A AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 82 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - sorosilicates KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - anhydrite KW - sea water KW - isotopes KW - Cretaceous KW - paleo-oceanography KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - partitioning KW - Ordovician KW - epidote KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - orthosilicates KW - composition KW - reactive transport KW - ocean floors KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - sulfates KW - Paleozoic KW - isotope ratios KW - ophiolite KW - effects KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - models KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - Ca-44/Ca-40 KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - reconstruction KW - epidote group KW - weathering rates KW - strontium KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832729137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Effect+of+paleoseawater+composition+on+hydrothermal+exchange+at+mid-ocean+ridges&rft.au=Antonelli%2C+Michael+A%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Antonelli&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/82.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; anhydrite; Ca-44/Ca-40; calcium; carbon dioxide; chemical composition; composition; Cretaceous; effects; epidote; epidote group; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; Mesozoic; metals; mid-ocean ridges; models; ocean floors; ophiolite; Ordovician; orthosilicates; paleo-oceanography; Paleozoic; partitioning; porosity; precipitation; quantitative analysis; reactive transport; reconstruction; sea water; silicates; simulation; sorosilicates; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; sulfate ion; sulfates; temperature; transport; weathering rates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large Ca isotope fractionation in granulite facies minerals AN - 1832728616; 2016-090138 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Antonelli, Michael A AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 83 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - granulite facies KW - calcium KW - isotope fractionation KW - volcanic rocks KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - coordination KW - garnet group KW - mafic composition KW - crystal growth KW - bonding KW - stable isotopes KW - pyroxene group KW - mineral composition KW - clinopyroxene KW - inclusions KW - orthosilicates KW - cooling KW - framework silicates KW - kinetics KW - xenoliths KW - P-T conditions KW - chain silicates KW - alkaline earth metals KW - plagioclase KW - diffusion KW - textures KW - isotope ratios KW - rates KW - measurement KW - nesosilicates KW - Ca-44/Ca-40 KW - metals KW - orthopyroxene KW - feldspar group KW - phenocrysts KW - minerals KW - facies KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832728616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Large+Ca+isotope+fractionation+in+granulite+facies+minerals&rft.au=Antonelli%2C+Michael+A%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Antonelli&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/83.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; bonding; Ca-44/Ca-40; calcium; chain silicates; clinopyroxene; cooling; coordination; crystal growth; diffusion; facies; feldspar group; framework silicates; garnet group; granulite facies; igneous rocks; inclusions; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; mafic composition; measurement; metals; mineral composition; minerals; nesosilicates; orthopyroxene; orthosilicates; oxygen; P-T conditions; phenocrysts; plagioclase; pyroxene group; rates; silicates; stable isotopes; textures; volcanic rocks; xenoliths ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome-informed reactive transport simulations of CO (sub 2) and carbon isotope dynamics in a flood plain aquifer AN - 1832686507; 782747-8 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Arora, Bhavna AU - King, E L AU - Spycher, N F AU - Steefel, C I AU - Conrad, M E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 108 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - floodplains KW - unsaturated zone KW - mechanism KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - Colorado River KW - Rifle Colorado KW - transport KW - carbon KW - reactive transport KW - soils KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - C-13/C-12 KW - genome KW - two-dimensional models KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - fluvial features KW - seasonal variations KW - Colorado KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832686507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Genome-informed+reactive+transport+simulations+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+carbon+isotope+dynamics+in+a+flood+plain+aquifer&rft.au=Arora%2C+Bhavna%3BKing%2C+E+L%3BSpycher%2C+N+F%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=Bhavna&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/108.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biochemistry; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; Colorado; Colorado River; floodplains; fluvial features; Garfield County Colorado; genome; geochemical cycle; ground water; isotope ratios; isotopes; mechanism; reactive transport; Rifle Colorado; seasonal variations; simulation; soils; stable isotopes; transport; two-dimensional models; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate feedbacks on the cycling of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, sulfur, and methane on a semi-arid floodplain AN - 1832686093; 782748-35 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bill, Markus AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Hobson, Chad AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 235 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832686093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Climate+feedbacks+on+the+cycling+of+carbon+dioxide%2C+nitrous+oxide%2C+sulfur%2C+and+methane+on+a+semi-arid+floodplain&rft.au=Bill%2C+Markus%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BHobson%2C+Chad%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bill&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/235.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DOM complexation of Fe(II) and its effect on Fe(II) stability under oxic conditions AN - 1832686014; 782748-69 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Borch, Thomas AU - Daugherty, Ellen AU - Nico, Peter AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 269 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832686014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=DOM+complexation+of+Fe%28II%29+and+its+effect+on+Fe%28II%29+stability+under+oxic+conditions&rft.au=Borch%2C+Thomas%3BDaugherty%2C+Ellen%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Borch&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/269.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanoscale petrographic and geochemical insights on the origin of the Palaeoproterozoic stromatolitic phosphorites from Aravalli Supergroup, India AN - 1832681796; 769334-1 AB - Stromatolites composed of apatite occur in post-Lomagundi-Jatuli successions (late Palaeoproterozoic) and suggest the emergence of novel types of biomineralization at that time. The microscopic and nanoscopic petrology of organic matter in stromatolitic phosphorites might provide insights into the suite of diagenetic processes that formed these types of stromatolites. Correlated geochemical micro-analyses of the organic matter could also yield molecular, elemental and isotopic compositions and thus insights into the role of specific micro-organisms among these communities. Here, we report on the occurrence of nanoscopic disseminated organic matter in the Palaeoproterozoic stromatolitic phosphorite from the Aravalli Supergroup of north-west India. Organic petrography by micro-Raman and Transmission Electron Microscopy demonstrates syngeneity of the organic matter. Total organic carbon contents of these stromatolitic phosphorite columns are between 0.05 and 3.0 wt% and have a large range of delta (super 13) C (sub org) values with an average of -18.5 ppm (1sigma = 4.5 ppm). delta (super 15) N values of decarbonated rock powders are between -1.2 and +2.7 ppm. These isotopic compositions point to the important role of biological N (sub 2) -fixation and CO (sub 2) -fixation by the pentose phosphate pathway consistent with a population of cyanobacteria. Microscopic spheroidal grains of apatite (MSGA) occur in association with calcite microspar in microbial mats from stromatolite columns and with chert in the core of diagenetic apatite rosettes. Organic matter extracted from the stromatolitic phosphorites contains a range of molecular functional group (e.g. carboxylic acid, alcohol, and aliphatic hydrocarbons) as well as nitrile and nitro groups as determined from C- and N-XANES spectra. The presence of organic nitrogen was independently confirmed by a CN (super -) peak detected by ToF-SIMS. Nanoscale petrography and geochemistry allow for a refinement of the formation model for the accretion and phototrophic growth of stromatolites. The original microbial biomass is inferred to have been dominated by cyanobacteria, which might be an important contributor of organic matter in shallow-marine phosphorites. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Geobiology AU - Papineau, D AU - De Gregorio, B AU - Fearn, S AU - Kilcoyne, D AU - McMahon, G AU - Purohit, R AU - Fogel, M Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 3 EP - 32 PB - Wiley, Oxford VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1472-4677, 1472-4677 KW - Udaipur India KW - Aravalli System KW - upper Precambrian KW - Jhamarkotra Formation KW - isotopes KW - Paleoproterozoic KW - mass spectra KW - microbial mats KW - Badagaon India KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - India KW - XANES spectra KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Indian Peninsula KW - carbon KW - taphonomy KW - Archean KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - sedimentary structures KW - phosphate rocks KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - N-15/N-14 KW - Precambrian KW - isotope ratios KW - biogenic structures KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Proterozoic KW - electron microscopy data KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - Rajasthan India KW - geochemical cycle KW - stromatolites KW - nitrogen cycle KW - X-ray data KW - Raman spectra KW - diagenesis KW - petrography KW - carbon cycle KW - SEM data KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832681796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geobiology&rft.atitle=Nanoscale+petrographic+and+geochemical+insights+on+the+origin+of+the+Palaeoproterozoic+stromatolitic+phosphorites+from+Aravalli+Supergroup%2C+India&rft.au=Papineau%2C+D%3BDe+Gregorio%2C+B%3BFearn%2C+S%3BKilcoyne%2C+D%3BMcMahon%2C+G%3BPurohit%2C+R%3BFogel%2C+M&rft.aulast=Papineau&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geobiology&rft.issn=14724677&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgbi.12164 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1472-4677 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Number of references - 126 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aravalli System; Archean; Asia; Badagaon India; biogenic structures; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; chemical composition; chemically precipitated rocks; diagenesis; electron microscopy data; geochemical cycle; India; Indian Peninsula; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jhamarkotra Formation; mass spectra; microbial mats; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; Paleoproterozoic; petrography; phosphate rocks; Precambrian; Proterozoic; Rajasthan India; Raman spectra; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; SEM data; spectra; stable isotopes; stromatolites; taphonomy; TEM data; Udaipur India; upper Precambrian; X-ray data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12164 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calorimetric study of binding interactions between metal ions and natural organic matter AN - 1832670191; 782760-100 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Kim, E -j AU - Gilbert, B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1500 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832670191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Calorimetric+study+of+binding+interactions+between+metal+ions+and+natural+organic+matter&rft.au=Kim%2C+E+-j%3BGilbert%2C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1500.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - STXM-XANES analysis or organic matter in dark clasts and halite crystals in Zag and Monahans Meteorites AN - 1832668048; 777410-52 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Kebukawa, Y AU - Zolensky, M E AU - Fries, M AU - Nakato, A AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Takeichi, Y AU - Suga, H AU - Miyamoto, C AU - Rahman, Z AU - Kobayashi, K AU - Mase, K AU - Takahashi, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 EP - Abstract no. 1802 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 47 KW - Zag Meteorite KW - halides KW - ordinary chondrites KW - stony meteorites KW - oxygen KW - Ceres KW - asteroids KW - scanning transmission X-ray microscopy KW - H chondrites KW - clasts KW - X-ray spectra KW - halite KW - dwarf planets KW - nitrogen KW - XANES spectra KW - meteorites KW - organic compounds KW - Monahans Meteorite KW - carbon KW - Hebe Asteroid KW - chlorides KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832668048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=STXM-XANES+analysis+or+organic+matter+in+dark+clasts+and+halite+crystals+in+Zag+and+Monahans+Meteorites&rft.au=Kebukawa%2C+Y%3BZolensky%2C+M+E%3BFries%2C+M%3BNakato%2C+A%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BTakeichi%2C+Y%3BSuga%2C+H%3BMiyamoto%2C+C%3BRahman%2C+Z%3BKobayashi%2C+K%3BMase%2C+K%3BTakahashi%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kebukawa&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2016/pdf/1802.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 47th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asteroids; carbon; Ceres; chlorides; chondrites; clasts; dwarf planets; H chondrites; halides; halite; Hebe Asteroid; meteorites; Monahans Meteorite; nitrogen; ordinary chondrites; organic compounds; oxygen; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy; spectra; stony meteorites; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra; Zag Meteorite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diagnostic and model dependent uncertainty of simulated Tibetan permafrost area AN - 1832652729; 781527-73 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Wang, Wenli AU - Rinke, Annette AU - Moore, John C AU - Cui, Xuefeng AU - Ji, Duoying AU - Li, Qian AU - Zhang, Ningning AU - Wang, Chenghai AU - Zhang, Shiqiang AU - Lawrence, David M AU - McGuire, A David AU - Zhang, Wenxin AU - Delire, Christine AU - Koven, Charles AU - Saito, Kazuyuki AU - MacDougall, Andrew AU - Burke, Eleanor AU - Decharme, Bertrand AU - Polakowski, Lydia AU - Fuchs, Matthias AU - Nitze, Ingmar AU - Stettner, Samuel AU - Lantuit, Hugues AU - Grosse, Guido Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1092 EP - 1093 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832652729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Diagnostic+and+model+dependent+uncertainty+of+simulated+Tibetan+permafrost+area&rft.au=Wang%2C+Wenli%3BRinke%2C+Annette%3BMoore%2C+John+C%3BCui%2C+Xuefeng%3BJi%2C+Duoying%3BLi%2C+Qian%3BZhang%2C+Ningning%3BWang%2C+Chenghai%3BZhang%2C+Shiqiang%3BLawrence%2C+David+M%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BZhang%2C+Wenxin%3BDelire%2C+Christine%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BSaito%2C+Kazuyuki%3BMacDougall%2C+Andrew%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor%3BDecharme%2C+Bertrand%3BPolakowski%2C+Lydia%3BFuchs%2C+Matthias%3BNitze%2C+Ingmar%3BStettner%2C+Samuel%3BLantuit%2C+Hugues%3BGrosse%2C+Guido&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Wenli&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1092&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #07985 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The temporal evolution of changes in carbon storage in the northern permafrost region simulated by carbon cycle models between 2010 and 2300; implications for atmospheric carbon dynamics AN - 1832648934; 781050-9 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - McGuire, A David AU - Lawrence, David AU - Burke, Eleanor AU - Chen, Guangsheng AU - Jafarov, Elchin AU - Koven, Charles AU - MacDougall, Andrew AU - Nicolsky, Dmitry AU - Peng, Shushi AU - Ji, Duoying Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 228 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - carbon sequestration KW - Arctic region KW - prediction KW - thawing KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - carbon KW - climate effects KW - carbon cycle KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832648934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+temporal+evolution+of+changes+in+carbon+storage+in+the+northern+permafrost+region+simulated+by+carbon+cycle+models+between+2010+and+2300%3B+implications+for+atmospheric+carbon+dynamics&rft.au=McGuire%2C+A+David%3BLawrence%2C+David%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor%3BChen%2C+Guangsheng%3BJafarov%2C+Elchin%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BMacDougall%2C+Andrew%3BNicolsky%2C+Dmitry%3BPeng%2C+Shushi%3BJi%2C+Duoying&rft.aulast=McGuire&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic region; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon sequestration; climate change; climate effects; degradation; geochemical cycle; models; permafrost; prediction; thawing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The structure of nacre in Jurassic Pinna shells AN - 1832647599; 782755-43 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gilbert, Pupa U P A AU - Giuffre, Anthony J AU - Bergmann, Kristin D AU - Myers, Corinne E AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Devol, Ross T AU - Sun, Chang-Yu AU - Blonsky, A Z AU - Zhao, Jessica AU - Karan, Elizabeth A AU - Tamre, Erik AU - Tamura, Nobumichi AU - Lemer, Sarah AU - Giribet, Gonzalo AU - Eiler, John M AU - Knoll, Andrew AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 943 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832647599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+structure+of+nacre+in+Jurassic+Pinna+shells&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Pupa+U+P+A%3BGiuffre%2C+Anthony+J%3BBergmann%2C+Kristin+D%3BMyers%2C+Corinne+E%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BDevol%2C+Ross+T%3BSun%2C+Chang-Yu%3BBlonsky%2C+A+Z%3BZhao%2C+Jessica%3BKaran%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BTamre%2C+Erik%3BTamura%2C+Nobumichi%3BLemer%2C+Sarah%3BGiribet%2C+Gonzalo%3BEiler%2C+John+M%3BKnoll%2C+Andrew%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Pupa+U+P&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/943.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Envirnomental genomics of Fervidibacteria, a "microbial coelacanth" from a hot, primitive Earth? AN - 1832646008; 782756-94 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hedlund, Brian P AU - Dodsworth, Jeremy A AU - Murugapiran, Senthil K AU - Jarett, Jessica AU - Ivanova, Natalia AU - Devlaminck, Iwijn AU - Quake, Stephen AU - Li, Wen-Jun AU - Woyke, Tanja AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1094 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832646008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Envirnomental+genomics+of+Fervidibacteria%2C+a+%22microbial+coelacanth%22+from+a+hot%2C+primitive+Earth%3F&rft.au=Hedlund%2C+Brian+P%3BDodsworth%2C+Jeremy+A%3BMurugapiran%2C+Senthil+K%3BJarett%2C+Jessica%3BIvanova%2C+Natalia%3BDevlaminck%2C+Iwijn%3BQuake%2C+Stephen%3BLi%2C+Wen-Jun%3BWoyke%2C+Tanja%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hedlund&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1094&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1094.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complementary Microscopies on Atmospheric Aerosols AN - 1832645869; 782755-45 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Mary K, Gilles AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 945 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832645869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Complementary+Microscopies+on+Atmospheric+Aerosols&rft.au=Mary+K%2C+Gilles%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mary+K&rft.aufirst=Gilles&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=945&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/945.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulated high-latitude soil thermal dynamics during the past 4 decades AN - 1832642233; 768956-12 AB - Soil temperature (T (sub s) ) change is a key indicator of the dynamics of permafrost. On seasonal and interannual timescales, the variability of T (sub s) determines the active-layer depth, which regulates hydrological soil properties and biogeochemical processes. On the multi-decadal scale, increasing T (sub s) not only drives permafrost thaw/retreat but can also trigger and accelerate the decomposition of soil organic carbon. The magnitude of permafrost carbon feedbacks is thus closely linked to the rate of change of soil thermal regimes. In this study, we used nine process-based ecosystem models with permafrost processes, all forced by different observation-based climate forcing during the period 1960-2000, to characterize the warming rate of T (sub s) in permafrost regions. There is a large spread of T (sub s) trends at 20 cm depth across the models, with trend values ranging from 0.010 + or - 0.003 to 0.031 + or - 0.005 degrees C yr (super -1) . Most models show smaller increase in T (sub s) with increasing depth. Air temperature (Tsub (super a) ) and longwave downward radiation (LWDR) are the main drivers of T (sub s) trends, but their relative contributions differ amongst the models. Different trends of LWDR used in the forcing of models can explain 61 % of their differences in T (sub s) trends, while trends of T (sub a) only explain 5 % of the differences in T (sub s) trends. Uncertain climate forcing contributes a larger uncertainty in T (sub s) trends (0.021 + or - 0.008 degrees C yr (super -1) , mean + or - standard deviation) than the uncertainty of model structure (0.012 + or - 0.001 degrees C yr (super -1) ), diagnosed from the range of response between different models, normalized to the same forcing. In addition, the loss rate of near-surface permafrost area, defined as total area where the maximum seasonal active-layer thickness (ALT) is less than 3 m loss rate, is found to be significantly correlated with the magnitude of the trends of T (sub s) at 1 m depth across the models (R = -0.85, P = 0.003), but not with the initial total near-surface permafrost area (R = -0.30, P = 0.438). The sensitivity of the total boreal near-surface permafrost area to T (sub s) at 1 m is estimated to be of -2.80 + or - 0.67 million km (super 2) degrees C (super -1) . Finally, by using two long-term LWDR data sets and relationships between trends of LWDR and T (sub s) across models, we infer an observation-constrained total boreal near-surface permafrost area decrease comprising between 39 + or - 14 X 10 (super 3) and 75 + or - 14 X 10 (super 3) km (super 2) yr (super -1) from 1960 to 2000. This corresponds to 9-18 % degradation of the current permafrost area. JF - The Cryosphere (Online) AU - Peng, S AU - Ciais, P AU - Krinner, G AU - Wang, T AU - Gouttevin, I AU - McGuire, A D AU - Lawrence, D AU - Burke, E AU - Chen, X AU - Decharme, B AU - Koven, C AU - MacDougall, A AU - Rinke, A AU - Saito, K AU - Zhang, W AU - Alkama, R AU - Bohn, T J AU - Delire, C AU - Hajima, T AU - Ji, D AU - Lettenmaier, D P AU - Miller, P A AU - Moore, J C AU - Smith, B AU - Sueyoshi, T Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 179 EP - 192 PB - Copernicus on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 10 IS - 1 KW - decadal variations KW - terrestrial environment KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - factor analysis KW - mechanism KW - ecosystems KW - thermal regime KW - simulation KW - Holocene KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - feedback KW - Cenozoic KW - spatial distribution KW - dynamics KW - sensitivity analysis KW - trend-surface analysis KW - ground-surface temperature KW - climate forcing KW - uncertainty KW - soils KW - processes KW - monthly variations KW - Quaternary KW - annual variations KW - thermal properties KW - statistical analysis KW - depth KW - boreal environment KW - models KW - regional KW - solar radiation KW - air KW - seasonal variations KW - latitude KW - upper Holocene KW - active layer KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832642233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cryosphere+%28Online%29&rft.atitle=Simulated+high-latitude+soil+thermal+dynamics+during+the+past+4+decades&rft.au=Peng%2C+S%3BCiais%2C+P%3BKrinner%2C+G%3BWang%2C+T%3BGouttevin%2C+I%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BLawrence%2C+D%3BBurke%2C+E%3BChen%2C+X%3BDecharme%2C+B%3BKoven%2C+C%3BMacDougall%2C+A%3BRinke%2C+A%3BSaito%2C+K%3BZhang%2C+W%3BAlkama%2C+R%3BBohn%2C+T+J%3BDelire%2C+C%3BHajima%2C+T%3BJi%2C+D%3BLettenmaier%2C+D+P%3BMiller%2C+P+A%3BMoore%2C+J+C%3BSmith%2C+B%3BSueyoshi%2C+T&rft.aulast=Peng&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Cryosphere+%28Online%29&rft.issn=1994-0424&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/179/2016/tc-10-179-2016.pdf http://www.the-cryosphere.net/volumes_and_issues.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; air; annual variations; boreal environment; Cenozoic; climate change; climate forcing; decadal variations; degradation; depth; dynamics; ecosystems; factor analysis; feedback; ground-surface temperature; Holocene; latitude; mechanism; models; monthly variations; permafrost; processes; Quaternary; regional; seasonal variations; sensitivity analysis; simulation; soils; solar radiation; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; temperature; terrestrial environment; thermal properties; thermal regime; trend-surface analysis; uncertainty; upper Holocene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory measurements of guided-wave propagation within a fluid-saturated fracture AN - 1832633542; 769264-14 AB - A fluid-saturated flat channel between solids, such as a fracture, is known to support guided waves-sometimes called Krauklis waves. At low frequencies, Krauklis waves can have very low velocity and large attenuation and are very dispersive. Because they propagate primarily within the fluid channel formed by a fracture, Krauklis waves can potentially be used for geological fracture characterization in the field. Using an analogue fracture consisting of a pair of flat slender plates with a mediating fluid layer-a trilayer model-we conducted laboratory measurements of the velocity and attenuation of Krauklis waves. Unlike previous experiments using ultrasonic waves, these experiments used frequencies well below 1 kHz, resulting in extremely low velocity and large attenuation of the waves. The mechanical compliance of the fracture was varied by modifying the stiffness of the fluid seal of the physical fracture model, and proppant (fracture-filling high-permeability sand) was also introduced into the fracture to examine its impact on wave propagation. A theoretical frequency equation for the trilayer model was derived using the poroelastic linear-slip interface model, and its solutions were compared to the experimental results. Abstract Copyright (2015), European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers. JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Nakashima, Shinichiro AU - Korneev, Valeri A Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 143 EP - 156 PB - Blackwell on behalf of the European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers (EAGE), Houten VL - 64 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832633542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Laboratory+measurements+of+guided-wave+propagation+within+a+fluid-saturated+fracture&rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BNakashima%2C+Shinichiro%3BKorneev%2C+Valeri+A&rft.aulast=Nakagawa&rft.aufirst=Seiji&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1365-2478.12223 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GPPRAR DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12223 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - STXM-NEXAFS and fs LA-ICP-MS Investigations of Rock Varnish AN - 1832616465; 782765-39 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Macholdt, D S AU - Poehlker, C AU - Foerster, J D AU - Weber, B AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Weigand, M AU - Mueller, M AU - Lieberwirth, I AU - Jochum, K P AU - Kappl, M AU - Haug, G AU - Andreae, M O AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1939 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832616465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=STXM-NEXAFS+and+fs+LA-ICP-MS+Investigations+of+Rock+Varnish&rft.au=Macholdt%2C+D+S%3BPoehlker%2C+C%3BFoerster%2C+J+D%3BWeber%2C+B%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BWeigand%2C+M%3BMueller%2C+M%3BLieberwirth%2C+I%3BJochum%2C+K+P%3BKappl%2C+M%3BHaug%2C+G%3BAndreae%2C+M+O%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Macholdt&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1939&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1939.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The metal resistome of an environmental bacterium AN - 1832608040; 782764-37 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Liu, Hualan AU - Carlson, Hans K AU - Price, Morgan N AU - Deutschbauer, Adam M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1837 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832608040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=The+metal+resistome+of+an+environmental+bacterium&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hualan%3BCarlson%2C+Hans+K%3BPrice%2C+Morgan+N%3BDeutschbauer%2C+Adam+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hualan&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1837.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impeding 99 Tc(IV) mobility in novel waste forms AN - 1832605918; 782763-7 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Lee, Mal-Soon AU - Wooyong, U M AU - Wang, Guohui AU - Kruger, Albert A AU - Lukens, Wayne W AU - Rousseau, Roger AU - Glezakou, Vassiliki-Alexandra AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1707 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832605918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Impeding+99+Tc%28IV%29+mobility+in+novel+waste+forms&rft.au=Lee%2C+Mal-Soon%3BWooyong%2C+U+M%3BWang%2C+Guohui%3BKruger%2C+Albert+A%3BLukens%2C+Wayne+W%3BRousseau%2C+Roger%3BGlezakou%2C+Vassiliki-Alexandra%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Mal-Soon&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1707.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - pH-dependent photoreduction of d-MnO2 AN - 1832603370; 782765-69 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Marafatto, F F AU - Schwartzberg, A AU - Gilbert, B AU - Pena, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1969 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832603370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=pH-dependent+photoreduction+of+d-MnO2&rft.au=Marafatto%2C+F+F%3BSchwartzberg%2C+A%3BGilbert%2C+B%3BPena%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Marafatto&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1969&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1969.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular dynamics simulations of cesium adsorption on illite AN - 1832601894; 782762-67 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Lammers, Laura N AU - Bourg, Ian C AU - Okumura, Masahiko AU - Kolluri, Kedarnath AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Machida, Masahiko AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 1667 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 26 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832601894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Molecular+dynamics+simulations+of+cesium+adsorption+on+illite&rft.au=Lammers%2C+Laura+N%3BBourg%2C+Ian+C%3BOkumura%2C+Masahiko%3BKolluri%2C+Kedarnath%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BMachida%2C+Masahiko%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lammers&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2016/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1667.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2016 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring and quantifying soil processes and interaction with vegetation and landscape properties in Arctic tundra using above- and below-ground imaging AN - 1828845499; 2016-088019 JF - International Conference on Permafrost - Book of Abstracts AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Tran, Anh P AU - Peterson, John AU - Oktem, Rusen AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Wainwright, Haruko AU - Curtis, John B AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Hubbard, Susan Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 957 EP - 958 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - land cover KW - permafrost KW - degradation KW - snow cover KW - biochemistry KW - Arctic region KW - Barrow Quadrangle KW - vegetation KW - thawing KW - climate change KW - Barrow Alaska KW - temperature KW - snow KW - climate effects KW - Alaska KW - landscapes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828845499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Monitoring+and+quantifying+soil+processes+and+interaction+with+vegetation+and+landscape+properties+in+Arctic+tundra+using+above-+and+below-ground+imaging&rft.au=Dafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BTran%2C+Anh+P%3BPeterson%2C+John%3BOktem%2C+Rusen%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BWainwright%2C+Haruko%3BCurtis%2C+John+B%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3BHubbard%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Dafflon&rft.aufirst=Baptiste&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=957&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+-+Book+of+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07985 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Arctic region; Barrow Alaska; Barrow Quadrangle; biochemistry; climate change; climate effects; degradation; hydrology; land cover; landscapes; permafrost; snow; snow cover; temperature; thawing; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hierarchical Bayesian method for mapping biogeochemical hot spots using induced polarization imaging AN - 1827909779; PQ0003696487 AB - In floodplain environments, a naturally reduced zone (NRZ) is considered to be a common biogeochemical hot spot, having distinct microbial and geochemical characteristics. Although important for understanding their role in mediating floodplain biogeochemical processes, mapping the subsurface distribution of NRZs over the dimensions of a floodplain is challenging, as conventional wellbore data are typically spatially limited and the distribution of NRZs is heterogeneous. In this study, we present an innovative methodology for the probabilistic mapping of NRZs within a three-dimensional (3-D) subsurface domain using induced polarization imaging, which is a noninvasive geophysical technique. Measurements consist of surface geophysical surveys and drilling-recovered sediments at the U.S. Department of Energy field site near Rifle, CO (USA). Inversion of surface time domain-induced polarization (TDIP) data yielded 3-D images of the complex electrical resistivity, in terms of magnitude and phase, which are associated with mineral precipitation and other lithological properties. By extracting the TDIP data values colocated with wellbore lithological logs, we found that the NRZs have a different distribution of resistivity and polarization from the other aquifer sediments. To estimate the spatial distribution of NRZs, we developed a Bayesian hierarchical model to integrate the geophysical and wellbore data. In addition, the resistivity images were used to estimate hydrostratigraphic interfaces under the floodplain. Validation results showed that the integration of electrical imaging and wellbore data using a Bayesian hierarchical model was capable of mapping spatially heterogeneous interfaces and NRZ distributions thereby providing a minimally invasive means to parameterize a hydrobiogeochemical model of the floodplain. Key Points: * Naturally reduced zones (NRZs) are considered to be biogeochemical hot spots under floodplains * We developed a noninvasive probabilistic mapping method of NRZs using induced polarization imaging * This method provides a minimally invasive means to parameterize a floodplain biogeochemical model JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wainwright, Haruko M AU - Flores Orozco, Adrian AU - Buecker, Matthias AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Williams, Kenneth H AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 533 EP - 551 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Spatial distribution KW - Hot spots KW - Ecological distribution KW - Resistivity KW - Mapping KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Modelling KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Precipitation KW - Polarization KW - Sediments KW - Inversions KW - Imaging techniques KW - Methodology KW - Flood Plains KW - USA KW - Flood plains KW - Microorganisms KW - Water resources research KW - Water Resources KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - Q2 09265:Sedimentary structures and stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827909779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Hierarchical+Bayesian+method+for+mapping+biogeochemical+hot+spots+using+induced+polarization+imaging&rft.au=Wainwright%2C+Haruko+M%3BFlores+Orozco%2C+Adrian%3BBuecker%2C+Matthias%3BDafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=Haruko&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR017763 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flood plains; Hot spots; Biogeochemistry; Ecological distribution; Mapping; Polarization; Imaging techniques; Methodology; Modelling; Aquifers; Spatial distribution; Precipitation; Water resources research; Inversions; Flood Plains; Microorganisms; Hydrologic Data; Sediments; Resistivity; Water Resources; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017763 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing permafrost soil carbon pools from Earth system models to empirically derived datasets AN - 1824213775; 2016-085158 JF - International Conference on Permafrost (ICOP) Proceedings AU - Hugelius, Gustaf AU - McGuire, A David AU - Beer, Christian AU - Bohn, Theodore J AU - Burke, Eleanor J AU - Chadburn, Sarah E AU - Chen, Guangsheng AU - Chen, Xiaodong AU - Hayes, Daniel J AU - Jafarov, Elchin E AU - Koven, Charles D AU - Peng, Shushi AU - Schaefer, Kevin M Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - 210 EP - 211 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 11 KW - soils KW - peatlands KW - permafrost KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - global change KW - climate change KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - mires KW - carbon KW - climate effects KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - global warming KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824213775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Comparing+permafrost+soil+carbon+pools+from+Earth+system+models+to+empirically+derived+datasets&rft.au=Hugelius%2C+Gustaf%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BBeer%2C+Christian%3BBohn%2C+Theodore+J%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor+J%3BChadburn%2C+Sarah+E%3BChen%2C+Guangsheng%3BChen%2C+Xiaodong%3BHayes%2C+Daniel+J%3BJafarov%2C+Elchin+E%3BKoven%2C+Charles+D%3BPeng%2C+Shushi%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin+M&rft.aulast=Hugelius&rft.aufirst=Gustaf&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Permafrost+%28ICOP%29+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Permafrost; exploring permafrost in a future Earth N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #00164 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; climate change; climate effects; degradation; geochemical cycle; global change; global warming; mires; models; monitoring; organic carbon; peatlands; permafrost; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alteration of biotite wettability by salinity-induced chemical reactions under conditions relevant to geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1819895119; 2016-081085 AB - The wettability of rocks and minerals significantly impacts the efficiency and safety of geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration. In this study, we investigated the effects of salinity-induced chemical reactions on biotite wettability changes under relevant operation conditions. Biotite was reacted with brine of different salinities (DI water, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 M NaCl) at 95 degrees C and 102 atm CO (sub 2) for 70 h. Then, static and dynamic contact angles of the prereacted biotite with brine (0.1 M NaCl) and supercritical CO (sub 2) were measured using the captive drop method at 102 atm CO (sub 2) and 48 degrees C. We found that reaction with higher salinity solution resulted in more hydrophilic biotite surfaces. This increased hydrophilicity is due to increased surface roughness, increased surface negative charge and higher densities of hydroxyl groups. Additionally, CO (sub 2) adhesion was observed during CO (sub 2) receding process. Higher contact angle hysteresis was also observed for samples with a higher incidence of CO (sub 2) adhesion, suggesting that CO (sub 2) adhesion could have contributed to the hysteresis. For the first time, we experimentally related chemical reactions and the consequent wettability alterations of minerals under GCS relevant conditions. These findings can be beneficial in understanding CO (sub 2) or other reactive fluids' transport and their distribution in subsurface systems during energy-related operations. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Zhang, Lijie AU - Kim, Yongman AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Jun, Young-Shin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 22 EP - 3 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819895119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Alteration+of+biotite+wettability+by+salinity-induced+chemical+reactions+under+conditions+relevant+to+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Lijie%3BKim%2C+Yongman%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BJun%2C+Young-Shin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Lijie&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2Fabs%2F2016NC-275116 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, North-Central Section, 50th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016NC-275116 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-photosensitization of nonphotosynthetic bacteria for solar-to-chemical production AN - 1811907938; PQ0003418490 AB - Using light in the darknessSolid-state devices can efficiently capture solar energy to produce chemicals and fuels from carbon dioxide. Yet biology has already developed a high-specificity, low-cost system to do just that through photosynthesis. Sakimoto et al. developed a biological-inorganic hybrid that combines the best of both worlds (see the Perspective by Mueller). They precipitated semiconductor nanoparticles on the surface of a nonphotosynthetic bacterium to serve as a light harvester. The captured energy sustained cellular metabolism, producing acetic acid: a natural waste product of respiration.Science, this issue p. 74; see also p. 34 Improving natural photosynthesis can enable the sustainable production of chemicals. However, neither purely artificial nor purely biological approaches seem poised to realize the potential of solar-to-chemical synthesis. We developed a hybrid approach, whereby we combined the highly efficient light harvesting of inorganic semiconductors with the high specificity, low cost, and self-replication and -repair of biocatalysts. We induced the self-photosensitization of a nonphotosynthetic bacterium, Moorella thermoacetica, with cadmium sulfide nanoparticles, enabling the photosynthesis of acetic acid from carbon dioxide. Biologically precipitated cadmium sulfide nanoparticles served as the light harvester to sustain cellular metabolism. This self-augmented biological system selectively produced acetic acid continuously over several days of light-dark cycles at relatively high quantum yields, demonstrating a self-replicating route toward solar-to-chemical carbon dioxide reduction. JF - Science AU - Sakimoto, Kelsey K AU - Wong, Andrew Barnabas AU - Yang, Peidong AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2016/01/01/ PY - 2016 DA - 2016 Jan 01 SP - 74 EP - 77 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 United States VL - 351 IS - 6268 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Bacteria KW - Energy metabolism KW - Photosynthesis KW - Fuels KW - biocatalysts KW - Wastes KW - Acetic acid KW - Light effects KW - cadmium sulfide KW - Quantum dots KW - Hybrids KW - Energy KW - Moorella thermoacetica KW - Carbon dioxide KW - nanoparticles KW - Metabolism KW - Harvesting KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1811907938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Self-photosensitization+of+nonphotosynthetic+bacteria+for+solar-to-chemical+production&rft.au=Sakimoto%2C+Kelsey+K%3BWong%2C+Andrew+Barnabas%3BYang%2C+Peidong&rft.aulast=Sakimoto&rft.aufirst=Kelsey&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=351&rft.issue=6268&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.aad3317 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photosynthesis; Energy metabolism; biocatalysts; Fuels; Wastes; Acetic acid; cadmium sulfide; Light effects; Quantum dots; Energy; Hybrids; Carbon dioxide; nanoparticles; Harvesting; Metabolism; Bacteria; Moorella thermoacetica DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aad3317 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using uranium isotopes to track oxidative remobilization of U(IV) from naturally reduced zones AN - 1807506617; 2016-065241 AB - Uranium (U) mining and milling operations in the western United States have produced dozens of sites with U contaminated groundwater. U is redox active, primarily present in the environment in two valence states (+4 and +6). U(VI) is mobile in groundwater as soluble aqueous complexes, while U(IV) is usually insoluble and immobile, occurring primarily in sediments as U(IV) -bearing solids. Many U contaminated sites contain naturally reduced zones (NRZ's) that also have high U(IV) concentrations. During seasonal shifts in redox conditions (i.e., changes in concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) and nitrate), U(IV) from these NRZ's can leach into groundwater as U(VI). These NRZ's may prolong the long-term remediation of U at contaminated sites by slowly releasing U(VI) into the groundwater. The use of the U isotope ratio (super 238) U/ (super 235) U allows us to better understand the addition of U to groundwater due to oxidation of NRZ's. U becomes sequestered in NRZ's via microbial reduction of dissolved U(VI) to U(IV). This process causes an isotopic shift in U; produced U(IV) is shifted to higher (super 238) U/ (super 235) U. We measured (super 238) U/ (super 235) U in solid materials of an NRZ and confirmed the existence of high- (super 238) U/ (super 235) U U(IV). Oxidation of NRZ's can be detected with (super 238) U/ (super 235) U measurements, because this high- (super 238) U/ (super 235) U U is remobilized, driving aqueous U to higher (super 238) U/ (super 235) U. We measured a doubling of U(VI) concentration and an increase of 0.3 per mil in (super 238) U/ (super 235) U in groundwater as DO was injected into an NRZ at a U contaminated site in Rifle, CO. The data confirmed that oxidative remobilization is accompanied by a (super 238) U/ (super 235) U increase. Future work includes using reactive transport modeling to study NRZ evolution and oxidation. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Jemison, Noah AU - Johnson, Thomas M AU - Lundstrom, Craig C AU - Davis, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 34 EP - 2 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807506617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Using+uranium+isotopes+to+track+oxidative+remobilization+of+U%28IV%29+from+naturally+reduced+zones&rft.au=Jemison%2C+Noah%3BJohnson%2C+Thomas+M%3BLundstrom%2C+Craig+C%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jemison&rft.aufirst=Noah&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2Fabs%2F2016NC-275534 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, North-Central Section, 50th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016NC-275534 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural controls of a geothermal system and effects on local groundwater aquifer, northern Cache Valley, Idaho AN - 1803776474; 2016-063162 AB - The Northern Cache Valley (NCV) of southeastern Idaho is a north-south trending Basin and Range graben that is receiving renewed interest for its geothermal potential. In the 1970s and 80s, geophysical and hydrological studies were undertaken, motivated by the presence of thermal wells and springs in the area. Geothermal exploration in this era culminated with the drilling of geothermal exploration wells by Sunedco Energy Development in 1979 and 1980. The test borehole temperatures were deemed too low (< 120 degrees C) for power production using technology available at the time. In January of 2014, a water well drilled to 79 meters, encountered Na-Cl-HCO (sub 3) water with a measured bottom hole temperature of 104 degrees C. Traditional magnesium corrected Na-K-Ca geothermometry of water from that well estimated the temperature of the thermal reservoir to be 204 degrees C. Due to this revived interest, new studies utilizing updated geochemical and geophysical techniques were undertaken. Present understanding of the NCV geothermal system suggests that fluid flow is associated with a fault(s) adjacent to Clifton Hill (aka Little Mountain) - a secondary horst complex rising from the floor of the Cache Valley graben. The existing data from the area is relatively sparse and is not suitable for pinpointing the location of faults thought to be acting as conduits for thermal water to travel from depth to the shallow subsurface. To investigate the locations of these faults and accurately characterize the plumbing of the geothermal system, high resolution potential field (gravity and magnetic) data was collected along lines made across the suspected location of the Clifton Hill bounding faults. Geophysical models of the subsurface using these data in conjunction with existing hydrogeological and geochemical data have aided in better determining fault locations. Groundwater level and aquifer temperature mapping in the area adjacent to the fault system has also been undertaken to explore the behavior of the shallow ground water aquifer in response to the discharge of thermal water through the system's faults. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Worthing, Wade AU - Wood, Thomas R AU - Glen, Jonathan AU - McLing, Travis L AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Ritzinger, Brent AU - Neupane, Ghanashyam AU - Thorne, Michael S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 DA - 2016 SP - Abstract no. 33 EP - 1 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 48 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803776474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Structural+controls+of+a+geothermal+system+and+effects+on+local+groundwater+aquifer%2C+northern+Cache+Valley%2C+Idaho&rft.au=Worthing%2C+Wade%3BWood%2C+Thomas+R%3BGlen%2C+Jonathan%3BMcLing%2C+Travis+L%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BRitzinger%2C+Brent%3BNeupane%2C+Ghanashyam%3BThorne%2C+Michael+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Worthing&rft.aufirst=Wade&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2Fabs%2F2016RM-276186 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Rocky Mountain Section, 68th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016RM-276186 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical estimation of shallow permafrost distribution and properties in an ice-wedge polygon-dominated Arctic tundra region AN - 1793208914; 2016-047360 AB - Shallow permafrost distribution and characteristics are important for predicting ecosystem feedbacks to a changing climate over decadal to century timescales because they can drive active layer deepening and land surface deformation, which in turn can significantly affect hydrologic and biogeochemical responses, including greenhouse gas dynamics. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments-Arctic, we have investigated shallow Arctic permafrost characteristics at a site in Barrow, Alaska, with the objective of improving our understanding of the spatial distribution of shallow permafrost, its associated properties, and its links with landscape microtopography. To meet this objective, we have acquired and integrated a variety of information, including electric resistance tomography data, frequency-domain electromagnetic induction data, laboratory core analysis, petrophysical studies, high-resolution digital surface models, and color mosaics inferred from kite-based landscape imaging. The results of our study provide a comprehensive and high-resolution examination of the distribution and nature of shallow permafrost in the Arctic tundra, including the estimation of ice content, porosity, and salinity. Among other results, porosity in the top 2 m varied between 85% (besides ice wedges) and 40%, and was negatively correlated with fluid salinity. Salinity directly influenced ice and unfrozen water content and indirectly influenced the soil organic matter content. A relatively continuous but depth-variable increase in salinity led to a partially unfrozen saline layer (cryopeg) located below the top of the permafrost. The cryopeg environment could lead to year-round microbial production of greenhouse gases. Results also indicated a covariability between topography and permafrost characteristics including ice-wedge and salinity distribution. In addition to providing insight about the Arctic ecosystem, through integration of lab-based petrophysical results with field data, this study also quantified the key controls on electric resistivity at this Arctic permafrost site, including salinity, porosity, water content, ice content, soil organic matter content, and lithologic properties. JF - Geophysics AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Peterson, John AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Wainwright, Haruko AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - WA247 EP - WA263 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - permafrost KW - geophysical surveys KW - tundra KW - ecosystems KW - periglacial features KW - salinity KW - Barrow Alaska KW - spatial distribution KW - shallow depth KW - ice KW - ground ice KW - cryosphere KW - Arctic region KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - resistivity KW - ice wedges KW - physical properties KW - surveys KW - Alaska KW - greenhouse gases KW - remote sensing KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793208914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Geophysical+estimation+of+shallow+permafrost+distribution+and+properties+in+an+ice-wedge+polygon-dominated+Arctic+tundra+region&rft.au=Dafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BPeterson%2C+John%3BWu%2C+Yuxin%3BWainwright%2C+Haruko%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J&rft.aulast=Dafflon&rft.aufirst=Baptiste&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=WA247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2015-0175.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 94 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Arctic region; Barrow Alaska; cryosphere; ecosystems; electrical methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; greenhouse gases; ground ice; ice; ice wedges; imagery; periglacial features; permafrost; physical properties; remote sensing; resistivity; salinity; shallow depth; spatial distribution; surveys; tundra; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0175.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rock-physics investigation of unconsolidated saline permafrost; P-wave properties from laboratory ultrasonic measurements AN - 1793208909; 2016-047359 AB - Saline permafrost is sensitive to thermal disturbances and is prone to subsidence, which renders it a major source of geohazard in Arctic coastal environments. Seismic methods could be used to map and monitor saline permafrost at scales of geotechnical interests because of the ice-content dependencies of seismic properties. We have developed a comprehensive study of the ultrasonic P-wave properties (i.e., velocity and attenuation) of synthetic saline permafrost samples for a range of salinities and temperatures, and measurements conducted on a fine-grained permafrost core obtained from Barrow, Alaska. The resulting data consist of P-wave properties presented as functions of temperature and salinity. Notable observations include the following: P-wave velocities showed marked reductions in the presence of dissolved salts and complex variations resulting from the water-to-ice phase transitions; strong P-wave attenuation was present in the temperature intervals in which the samples were partially frozen. When presented as functions of ice saturation, the data sets lead us to two key findings: (1) neither a purely cementing nor a purely pore-filling model of the pore-scale distributions of ice could adequately fit the observed velocity data and (2) although the velocities increase monotonically with increasing ice saturations, P-wave attenuation reaches a maximum at intermediate ice saturations-contrary to the ordinary expectation of decreasing attenuation with increasing velocities. The observed ice-content dependencies of P-wave properties, along with the implications on the probable pore-scale distributions of ice, provide a valuable basis for rock-physics modeling, which in turn could facilitate seismic characterizations of saline permafrost. JF - Geophysics AU - Dou, Shan AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Dreger, Douglas AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - WA233 EP - WA245 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 81 IS - 1 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - permafrost KW - elastic waves KW - Barrow Alaska KW - laboratory studies KW - attenuation KW - ice KW - velocity KW - ground ice KW - saline composition KW - soil mechanics KW - cryosphere KW - body waves KW - experimental studies KW - geophysical methods KW - ultrasonic methods KW - porosity KW - seismic methods KW - physical properties KW - saturation KW - Alaska KW - unconsolidated materials KW - seismic waves KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793208909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=A+rock-physics+investigation+of+unconsolidated+saline+permafrost%3B+P-wave+properties+from+laboratory+ultrasonic+measurements&rft.au=Dou%2C+Shan%3BNakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BDreger%2C+Douglas%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Dou&rft.aufirst=Shan&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=WA233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2015-0176.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; attenuation; Barrow Alaska; body waves; cryosphere; elastic waves; experimental studies; geophysical methods; ground ice; ice; laboratory studies; P-waves; permafrost; physical properties; porosity; saline composition; saturation; seismic methods; seismic waves; soil mechanics; ultrasonic methods; unconsolidated materials; United States; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0176.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward more realistic projections of soil carbon dynamics by Earth system models AN - 1789751392; 2016-045237 AB - Soil carbon (C) is a critical component of Earth system models (ESMs), and its diverse representations are a major source of the large spread across models in the terrestrial C sink from the third to fifth assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Improving soil C projections is of a high priority for Earth system modeling in the future IPCC and other assessments. To achieve this goal, we suggest that (1) model structures should reflect real-world processes, (2) parameters should be calibrated to match model outputs with observations, and (3) external forcing variables should accurately prescribe the environmental conditions that soils experience. First, most soil C cycle models simulate C input from litter production and C release through decomposition. The latter process has traditionally been represented by first-order decay functions, regulated primarily by temperature, moisture, litter quality, and soil texture. While this formulation well captures macroscopic soil organic C (SOC) dynamics, better understanding is needed of their underlying mechanisms as related to microbial processes, depth-dependent environmental controls, and other processes that strongly affect soil C dynamics. Second, incomplete use of observations in model parameterization is a major cause of bias in soil C projections from ESMs. Optimal parameter calibration with both pool- and flux-based data sets through data assimilation is among the highest priorities for near-term research to reduce biases among ESMs. Third, external variables are represented inconsistently among ESMs, leading to differences in modeled soil C dynamics. We recommend the implementation of traceability analyses to identify how external variables and model parameterizations influence SOC dynamics in different ESMs. Overall, projections of the terrestrial C sink can be substantially improved when reliable data sets are available to select the most representative model structure, constrain parameters, and prescribe forcing fields. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Luo, Yiqi AU - Ahlstrom, Anders AU - Allison, Steven D AU - Batjes, Niels H AU - Brovkin, Victor AU - Carvalhais, Nuno AU - Chappell, Adrian AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Davidson, Eric A AU - Finzi, Adien AU - Georgiou, Katerina AU - Guenet, Bertrand AU - Hararuk, Oleksandra AU - Harden, Jennifer W AU - He, Yujie AU - Hopkins, Francesca AU - Jiang, Lifen AU - Koven, Charlie AU - Jackson, Robert B AU - Jones, Chris D AU - Lara, Mark J AU - Liang, Junyi AU - McGuire, A David AU - Parton, William AU - Peng, Changhui AU - Randerson, James T AU - Salazar, Alejandro AU - Sierra, Carlos A AU - Smith, Matthew J AU - Tian, Hanqin AU - Todd-Brown, Katherine E O AU - Torn, Margaret AU - van Groenigen, Kees Jan AU - Wang, Ying Ping AU - West, Tristram O AU - Wei, Yaxing AU - Wieder, William R AU - Xia, Jianyang AU - Xu, Xia AU - Xu, Xiaofeng AU - Zhou, Tao Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 40 EP - 56 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - dynamics KW - carbon KW - sinks KW - global change KW - carbon cycle KW - geochemical cycle KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789751392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Toward+more+realistic+projections+of+soil+carbon+dynamics+by+Earth+system+models&rft.au=Luo%2C+Yiqi%3BAhlstrom%2C+Anders%3BAllison%2C+Steven+D%3BBatjes%2C+Niels+H%3BBrovkin%2C+Victor%3BCarvalhais%2C+Nuno%3BChappell%2C+Adrian%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BDavidson%2C+Eric+A%3BFinzi%2C+Adien%3BGeorgiou%2C+Katerina%3BGuenet%2C+Bertrand%3BHararuk%2C+Oleksandra%3BHarden%2C+Jennifer+W%3BHe%2C+Yujie%3BHopkins%2C+Francesca%3BJiang%2C+Lifen%3BKoven%2C+Charlie%3BJackson%2C+Robert+B%3BJones%2C+Chris+D%3BLara%2C+Mark+J%3BLiang%2C+Junyi%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BParton%2C+William%3BPeng%2C+Changhui%3BRanderson%2C+James+T%3BSalazar%2C+Alejandro%3BSierra%2C+Carlos+A%3BSmith%2C+Matthew+J%3BTian%2C+Hanqin%3BTodd-Brown%2C+Katherine+E+O%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3Bvan+Groenigen%2C+Kees+Jan%3BWang%2C+Ying+Ping%3BWest%2C+Tristram+O%3BWei%2C+Yaxing%3BWieder%2C+William+R%3BXia%2C+Jianyang%3BXu%2C+Xia%3BXu%2C+Xiaofeng%3BZhou%2C+Tao&rft.aulast=Luo&rft.aufirst=Yiqi&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GB005239 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 150 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; carbon cycle; dynamics; geochemical cycle; global change; numerical models; sinks; soils DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GB005239 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design of an artificial photosynthetic system for production of alcohols in high concentration from CO sub(2) AN - 1787978583; PQ0002954534 AB - Artificial photosynthesis of liquid fuels is a potential source for clean energy. Alcohols are particularly attractive products because of their high energy density and market value per amount of energy input. The major challenges in photo/electrochemical synthesis of alcohols from sunlight, water and CO sub(2) are low product selectivity, high membrane fuel-crossover losses, and high cost of product separation from the electrolyte. Here we propose an artificial photosynthesis scheme for direct synthesis and separation to almost pure ethanol with minimum product crossover using saturated salt electrolytes. The ethanol produced in the saturated salt electrolytes can be readily phase separated into a microemulsion, which can be collected as pure products in a liquid-liquid extractor. A novel design of an integrated artificial photosynthetic system is proposed that continuously produces >90 wt% pure ethanol using a polycrystalline copper cathode at a current density of 0.85 mA cm super(-2). The annual production rate of >90 wt% ethanol using such a photosynthesis system operating at 10 mA cm super(-2) (12% solar-to-fuel (STF) efficiency) can be 15.27 million gallons per year per square kilometer, which corresponds to 7% of the industrial ethanol production capacity of California. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Singh, Meenesh R AU - Bell, Alexis T AD - Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis; Material Science Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 193 EP - 199 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Alcohol KW - Electrolytes KW - Membranes KW - Photosynthesis KW - Fuels KW - Copper KW - Design KW - Salts KW - INE, USA, California KW - Energy KW - Sunlight KW - Electrochemistry KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Ethanol KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1787978583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Design+of+an+artificial+photosynthetic+system+for+production+of+alcohols+in+high+concentration+from+CO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Singh%2C+Meenesh+R%3BBell%2C+Alexis+T&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Meenesh&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5ee02783g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alcohol; Electrolytes; Membranes; Photosynthesis; Fuels; Copper; Design; Salts; Energy; Sunlight; Carbon dioxide; Electrochemistry; Ethanol; INE, USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ee02783g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant compartment and biogeography affect microbiome composition in cultivated and native Agave species AN - 1785232892; PQ0002807547 AB - * Desert plants are hypothesized to survive the environmental stress inherent to these regions in part thanks to symbioses with microorganisms, and yet these microbial species, the communities they form, and the forces that influence them are poorly understood. * Here we report the first comprehensive investigation of the microbial communities associated with species of Agave, which are native to semiarid and arid regions of Central and North America and are emerging as biofuel feedstocks. We examined prokaryotic and fungal communities in the rhizosphere, phyllosphere, leaf and root endosphere, as well as proximal and distal soil samples from cultivated and native agaves, through Illumina amplicon sequencing. * Phylogenetic profiling revealed that the composition of prokaryotic communities was primarily determined by the plant compartment, whereas the composition of fungal communities was mainly influenced by the biogeography of the host species. Cultivated A. tequilana exhibited lower levels of prokaryotic diversity compared with native agaves, although no differences in microbial diversity were found in the endosphere. * Agaves shared core prokaryotic and fungal taxa known to promote plant growth and confer tolerance to abiotic stress, which suggests common principles underpinning Agave-microbe interactions. See also the Commentary by Hacquard JF - New Phytologist AU - Coleman-Derr, Devin AU - Desgarennes, Damaris AU - Fonseca-Garcia, Citlali AU - Gross, Stephen AU - Clingenpeel, Scott AU - Woyke, Tanja AU - North, Gretchen AU - Visel, Axel AU - Partida-Martinez, Laila P AU - Tringe, Susannah G AD - Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA. Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 798 EP - 811 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 209 IS - 2 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Phylogeny KW - Biogeography KW - Rhizosphere KW - Agave KW - Leaves KW - Roots KW - Host plants KW - Soil KW - Phyllosphere KW - Deserts KW - Microorganisms KW - Plant communities KW - Environmental stress KW - Biofuels KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1785232892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Plant+compartment+and+biogeography+affect+microbiome+composition+in+cultivated+and+native+Agave+species&rft.au=Coleman-Derr%2C+Devin%3BDesgarennes%2C+Damaris%3BFonseca-Garcia%2C+Citlali%3BGross%2C+Stephen%3BClingenpeel%2C+Scott%3BWoyke%2C+Tanja%3BNorth%2C+Gretchen%3BVisel%2C+Axel%3BPartida-Martinez%2C+Laila+P%3BTringe%2C+Susannah+G&rft.aulast=Coleman-Derr&rft.aufirst=Devin&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=209&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=798&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fnph.13697 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Biogeography; Rhizosphere; Leaves; Roots; Host plants; Soil; Phyllosphere; Deserts; Plant communities; Microorganisms; Environmental stress; Biofuels; Agave DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.13697 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - M13 Bacteriophage and Adeno-Associated Virus Hybrid for Novel Tissue Engineering Material with Gene Delivery Functions AN - 1776668330; PQ0002762864 AB - A novel hybrid phage carrying genes from prokaryotic M13 phage and eukaryotic adeno-associated viruses can be used as a tissue engineering material with gene delivery functions. The filamentous shape of the resulting hybrid phage easily forms nanofibrous matrices, which can support cellular growth in tissue culture conditions and deliver the target programmed gene information into the target cells. JF - Advanced Healthcare Materials AU - Yoo, So Young AU - Jin, Hyo-Eon AU - Choi, Dong Shin AU - Kobayashi, Masae AU - Farouz, Yohan AU - Wang, Sky AU - Lee, Seung-Wuk AD - Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley Nanoscience and Nanoengineering Institute, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 88 EP - 93 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 2192-2640, 2192-2640 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Phages KW - Bacteria KW - Gene transfer KW - Hybrids KW - Tissue culture KW - Tissue engineering KW - Adeno-associated virus KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering KW - V 22310:Genetics, Taxonomy & Structure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776668330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Healthcare+Materials&rft.atitle=M13+Bacteriophage+and+Adeno-Associated+Virus+Hybrid+for+Novel+Tissue+Engineering+Material+with+Gene+Delivery+Functions&rft.au=Yoo%2C+So+Young%3BJin%2C+Hyo-Eon%3BChoi%2C+Dong+Shin%3BKobayashi%2C+Masae%3BFarouz%2C+Yohan%3BWang%2C+Sky%3BLee%2C+Seung-Wuk&rft.aulast=Yoo&rft.aufirst=So&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Healthcare+Materials&rft.issn=21922640&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fadhm.201500179 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phages; Gene transfer; Hybrids; Tissue culture; Tissue engineering; Bacteria; Adeno-associated virus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201500179 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 184AA3: a xenograft model of ER+ breast adenocarcinoma. AN - 1760879083; 26661596 AB - Despite the prevalence and significant morbidity resulting from estrogen receptor positive (ER(+)) breast adenocarcinomas, there are only a few models of this cancer subtype available for drug development and arguably none for studying etiology. Those models that do exist have questionable clinical relevance. Given our goal of developing luminal models, we focused on six cell lines derived by minimal mutagenesis from normal human breast cells, and asked if any could generate clinically relevant xenografts, which we then extensively characterized. Xenografts of one cell line, 184AA3, consistently formed ER(+) adenocarcinomas that had a high proliferative rate and other features consistent with "luminal B" intrinsic subtype. Squamous and spindle cell/mesenchymal differentiation was absent, in stark contrast to other cell lines that we examined or others have reported. We explored intratumoral heterogeneity produced by 184AA3 by immunophenotyping xenograft tumors and cultured cells, and characterized marker expression by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. A CD44(High) subpopulation was discovered, yet their tumor forming ability was far less than CD44(Low) cells. Single cell cloning revealed the phenotypic plasticity of 184AA3, consistent with the intratumoral heterogeneity observed in xenografts. Characterization of ER expression in cultures revealed ER protein and signaling is intact, yet when estrogen was depleted in culture, and in vivo, it did not impact cell or tumor growth, analogous to therapeutically resistant ER(+) cancers. This model is appropriate for studies of the etiology of ovarian hormone independent adenocarcinomas, for identification of therapeutic targets, predictive testing, and drug development. JF - Breast cancer research and treatment AU - Hines, William C AU - Kuhn, Irene AU - Thi, Kate AU - Chu, Berbie AU - Stanford-Moore, Gaelen AU - Sampayo, Rocío AU - Garbe, James C AU - Stampfer, Martha AU - Borowsky, Alexander D AU - Bissell, Mina J AD - Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 977R225A, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. CHines@LBL.GOV. ; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 977R225A, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. ; Área Investigación, Instituto de Oncología Angel H. Roffo-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, USA. ; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mailstop 977R225A, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. MJBissell@LBL.GOV. Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 37 EP - 52 VL - 155 IS - 1 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Index Medicus KW - Xenograft KW - Luminal breast cancer models KW - Intratumoral heterogeneity KW - Microenvironment KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Female KW - Adenocarcinoma -- metabolism KW - Breast Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Breast Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Adenocarcinoma -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760879083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Breast+cancer+research+and+treatment&rft.atitle=184AA3%3A+a+xenograft+model+of+ER%2B+breast+adenocarcinoma.&rft.au=Hines%2C+William+C%3BKuhn%2C+Irene%3BThi%2C+Kate%3BChu%2C+Berbie%3BStanford-Moore%2C+Gaelen%3BSampayo%2C+Roc%C3%ADo%3BGarbe%2C+James+C%3BStampfer%2C+Martha%3BBorowsky%2C+Alexander+D%3BBissell%2C+Mina+J&rft.aulast=Hines&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Breast+cancer+research+and+treatment&rft.issn=1573-7217&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10549-015-3649-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-10-13 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cancer Res. 1997 Aug 1;57(15):3159-67 [9242444] Am J Pathol. 1998 Aug;153(2):457-67 [9708806] Cancer Res. 2005 Jul 1;65(13):5506-11 [15994920] Cancer Res. 2006 Feb 1;66(3):1526-35 [16452209] Nat Genet. 2006 Apr;38(4):468-73 [16565718] Nat Rev Cancer. 2006 Dec;6(12):924-35 [17109012] Breast Cancer Res. 2006;8(5):R59 [17062128] Cancer Res. 2008 Mar 1;68(5):1378-87 [18316601] Nat Med. 2009 Aug;15(8):907-13 [19648928] Cancer Res. 2009 Oct 1;69(19):7557-68 [19773443] J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 2009 Dec;14(4):367-79 [19936891] Clin Cancer Res. 2010 Dec 15;16(24):6100-10 [21169259] Nat Med. 2011;17(11):1514-20 [22019887] Breast Cancer Res. 2011;13(6):221 [22217398] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Apr 17;109(16):6124-9 [22454501] Nature. 2012 Jun 21;486(7403):353-60 [22722193] Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012 Sep;135(2):415-32 [22821401] Nature. 2012 Oct 4;490(7418):61-70 [23000897] J Vis Exp. 2013;(71). pii: 50011. doi: 10.3791/50011 [23328888] PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e57314 [23437366] Lab Invest. 2013 Apr;93(4):480-97 [23399853] Cell Rep. 2014 Mar 13;6(5):779-81 [24630040] Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Aug 15;20(16):4314-25 [24947930] Nature. 2014 Oct 2;514(7520):54-8 [25079331] Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2014 Dec;775-776:48-54 [25435355] Sci Rep. 2015;5:8919 [25747469] Nat Commun. 2015;6:6927 [25896888] Nature. 2015 Sep 3;525(7567):114-8 [26266975] Nature. 2015 Sep 3;525(7567):119-23 [26266985] Breast Cancer Res. 2003;5(2):89-95 [12631387] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 1;100(7):3983-8 [12629218] Oncogene. 2003 Aug 14;22(34):5238-51 [12917625] Breast Cancer Res. 2004;6(1):31-8 [14680483] Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Feb;18(2):402-11 [14605097] Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1983;2(1):5-23 [6616442] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(8):2394-8 [3857588] In Vitro Cell Dev Biol. 1987 Mar;23(3):181-8 [3558253] Cancer Res. 1990 Sep 15;50(18):6075-86 [1975513] Am J Pathol. 1996 Jan;148(1):313-9 [8546221] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-015-3649-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatially-explicit water balance implications of carbon capture and sequestration AN - 1753472310; PQ0002417686 AB - Implementation of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) will increase water demand due to the cooling water requirements of CO2 capture equipment. If the captured CO2 is injected into saline aquifers for sequestration, brine may be extracted to manage the aquifer pressure, and can be desalinated to provide additional freshwater supply. We conduct a geospatial analysis to determine how CCS may affect local water supply and demand across the contiguous United States. We calculate baseline indices for each county in the year 2005, and project future water supply and demand with and without CCS through 2030. We conduct sensitivity analyses to identify the system parameters that most significantly affect water balance. Water supply changes due to inter-annual variability and projected climate change are overwhelmingly the most significant sources of variation. CCS can have strong local effects on water supply and demand, but overall it has a modest effect on water balances. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Sathre, Roger AU - Breunig, Hanna AU - Greenblatt, Jeffery AU - Larsen, Peter AU - Masanet, Eric AU - McKone, Thomas AU - Quinn, Nigel AU - Scown, Corinne AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2016/01// PY - 2016 DA - January 2016 SP - 153 EP - 162 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 75 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Water balance KW - Water stress KW - CCS KW - Climate change mitigation KW - GIS KW - Electricity supply KW - Aquifers KW - Climate change KW - Water Supply KW - Cooling water KW - Hydrologic Budget KW - Water supplies KW - Computer programs KW - Carbon KW - Ground water KW - Water demand KW - Water Demand KW - Water supply KW - USA KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Water Requirements KW - Groundwater KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Brines KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1753472310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=Spatially-explicit+water+balance+implications+of+carbon+capture+and+sequestration&rft.au=Sathre%2C+Roger%3BBreunig%2C+Hanna%3BGreenblatt%2C+Jeffery%3BLarsen%2C+Peter%3BMasanet%2C+Eric%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas%3BQuinn%2C+Nigel%3BScown%2C+Corinne&rft.aulast=Sathre&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2015.10.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water balance; Carbon; Climate change; Cooling water; Ground water; Carbon dioxide; Brines; Water supply; Aquifers; Computer programs; Water demand; Sensitivity analysis; Water supplies; Water Demand; Water Supply; Hydrologic Budget; Water Requirements; Groundwater; Carbon Dioxide; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.10.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-invasive imaging of cellulose microfibril orientation within plant cell walls by polarized Raman microspectroscopy AN - 1751205723; PQ0002334152 AB - Cellulose microfibrils represent the major scaffold of plant cell walls. Different packing and orientation of the microfibrils at the microscopic scale determines the macroscopic properties of cell walls and thus affect their functions with a profound effect on plant survival. We developed a polarized Raman microspectroscopic method to determine cellulose microfibril orientation within rice plant cell walls. Employing an array of point measurements as well as area imaging and subsequent Matlab-assisted data processing, we were able to characterize the distribution of cellulose microfibril orientation in terms of director angle and anisotropy magnitude. Using this approach we detected differences between wild type rice plants and the rice brittle culm mutant, which shows a more disordered cellulose microfibril arrangement, and differences between different tissues of a wild type rice plant. This novel non-invasive Raman imaging approach allows for quantitative assessment of cellulose fiber orientation in cell walls of herbaceous plants, an important advancement in cell wall characterization. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016; 113: 82-90. The authors developed a noninvasive polarized Raman microspectroscopic method to determine distribution of cellulose microfibril orientation within rice plant cell walls. Clear differences in cellulose microfibril orientation were observed between different tissues of the wild type rice plant as well as between the wild type and the brittle culm mutant, a mutant compromised in secondary cell wall deposition. This is the first time that polarized Raman microspectroscopy was used to determine supramolecular organization in cell walls for herbaceous plants. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Sun, Lan AU - Singh, Seema AU - Joo, Michael AU - Vega-Sanchez, Miguel AU - Ronald, Pamela AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Adams, Paul AU - Auer, Manfred AD - Technology Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, California. PY - 2016 SP - 82 EP - 90 PB - Wiley Subscription Services VL - 113 IS - 1 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cell survival KW - Fibers KW - Data processing KW - Anisotropy KW - Plant cells KW - Cellulose KW - Microfibrils KW - Packing KW - imaging KW - scaffolds KW - Cell walls KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1751205723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Non-invasive+imaging+of+cellulose+microfibril+orientation+within+plant+cell+walls+by+polarized+Raman+microspectroscopy&rft.au=Sun%2C+Lan%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BJoo%2C+Michael%3BVega-Sanchez%2C+Miguel%3BRonald%2C+Pamela%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BAdams%2C+Paul%3BAuer%2C+Manfred&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Lan&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbit.25690 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell survival; Fibers; Anisotropy; Data processing; Plant cells; Cellulose; Microfibrils; Packing; imaging; scaffolds; Cell walls DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.25690 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel Fanconi anaemia subtype associated with a dominant-negative mutation in RAD51. AN - 1750435121; 26681308 AB - Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a hereditary disease featuring hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linker-induced chromosomal instability in association with developmental abnormalities, bone marrow failure and a strong predisposition to cancer. A total of 17 FA disease genes have been reported, all of which act in a recessive mode of inheritance. Here we report on a de novo g.41022153G>A; p.Ala293Thr (NM_002875) missense mutation in one allele of the homologous recombination DNA repair gene RAD51 in an FA-like patient. This heterozygous mutation causes a novel FA subtype, 'FA-R', which appears to be the first subtype of FA caused by a dominant-negative mutation. The patient, who features microcephaly and mental retardation, has reached adulthood without the typical bone marrow failure and paediatric cancers. Together with the recent reports on RAD51-associated congenital mirror movement disorders, our results point to an important role for RAD51-mediated homologous recombination in neurodevelopment, in addition to DNA repair and cancer susceptibility. JF - Nature communications AU - Ameziane, Najim AU - May, Patrick AU - Haitjema, Anneke AU - van de Vrugt, Henri J AU - van Rossum-Fikkert, Sari E AU - Ristic, Dejan AU - Williams, Gareth J AU - Balk, Jesper AU - Rockx, Davy AU - Li, Hong AU - Rooimans, Martin A AU - Oostra, Anneke B AU - Velleuer, Eunike AU - Dietrich, Ralf AU - Bleijerveld, Onno B AU - Maarten Altelaar, A F AU - Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne AU - Joenje, Hans AU - Glusman, Gustavo AU - Roach, Jared AU - Hood, Leroy AU - Galas, David AU - Wyman, Claire AU - Balling, Rudi AU - den Dunnen, Johan AU - de Winter, Johan P AU - Kanaar, Roland AU - Gelinas, Richard AU - Dorsman, Josephine C AD - Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam 1081 BT, The Netherlands. ; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, House of Biomedicine, 7 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, Esch/Alzette L-4362, Luxembourg. ; Department of Genetics, Cancer Genomics Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Avenue North, Seattle, Washington 98109-5234, USA. ; Department of Paediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Du¨sseldorf, Germany. ; Deutsche Fanconi-Anämie-Hilfe e.V., Böckenweg 4, 59427 Unna, Germany. ; Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands. ; Department of Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333ZA, The Netherlands. Y1 - 2015/12/18/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 18 SP - 8829 VL - 6 KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - 0 KW - Rad50 protein, human KW - DNA Repair Enzymes KW - EC 6.5.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Young Adult KW - Base Sequence KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA Damage KW - Humans KW - Recombination, Genetic KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Male KW - DNA Repair Enzymes -- metabolism KW - DNA Repair Enzymes -- genetics KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- genetics KW - Fanconi Anemia -- enzymology KW - Mutation, Missense KW - Fanconi Anemia -- genetics KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1750435121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=A+novel+Fanconi+anaemia+subtype+associated+with+a+dominant-negative+mutation+in+RAD51.&rft.au=Ameziane%2C+Najim%3BMay%2C+Patrick%3BHaitjema%2C+Anneke%3Bvan+de+Vrugt%2C+Henri+J%3Bvan+Rossum-Fikkert%2C+Sari+E%3BRistic%2C+Dejan%3BWilliams%2C+Gareth+J%3BBalk%2C+Jesper%3BRockx%2C+Davy%3BLi%2C+Hong%3BRooimans%2C+Martin+A%3BOostra%2C+Anneke+B%3BVelleuer%2C+Eunike%3BDietrich%2C+Ralf%3BBleijerveld%2C+Onno+B%3BMaarten+Altelaar%2C+A+F%3BMeijers-Heijboer%2C+Hanne%3BJoenje%2C+Hans%3BGlusman%2C+Gustavo%3BRoach%2C+Jared%3BHood%2C+Leroy%3BGalas%2C+David%3BWyman%2C+Claire%3BBalling%2C+Rudi%3Bden+Dunnen%2C+Johan%3Bde+Winter%2C+Johan+P%3BKanaar%2C+Roland%3BGelinas%2C+Richard%3BDorsman%2C+Josephine+C&rft.aulast=Ameziane&rft.aufirst=Najim&rft.date=2015-12-18&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=8829&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms9829 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-18 N1 - Date created - 2015-12-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: EMBO J. 2000 Mar 1;19(5):1148-56 [10698955] Cancer Discov. 2013 Apr;3(4):399-405 [23269703] J Biol Chem. 2002 Apr 26;277(17):14417-25 [11839739] PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e62017 [23620800] Am J Hum Genet. 2013 May 2;92(5):800-6 [23623386] Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2013 Nov;5(11):a012740 [24097900] Nat Genet. 2014 Mar;46(3):310-5 [24487276] PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e85437 [24586241] Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Sep 15;20(18):4816-26 [24963051] BMC Bioinformatics. 2015;16:27 [25627825] Blood. 2000 Dec 15;96(13):4064-70 [11110674] Br J Haematol. 2004 Jul;126(2):176-91 [15238138] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jul 6;101(27):9988-93 [15226506] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2004 Aug;11(8):791-6 [15235592] Cancer Res. 1982 Oct;42(10):4000-6 [6809308] Blood. 1995 Sep 15;86(6):2156-60 [7662964] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jun 25;93(13):6236-40 [8692798] Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Sep;16(9):4782-9 [8756636] J Biol Chem. 1999 Jan 29;274(5):2907-15 [9915828] Nucleic Acids Res. 2005;33(10):3292-302 [15944450] Structure. 2006 Jun;14(6):983-92 [16765891] J Mol Biol. 2006 Jul 14;360(3):537-47 [16782126] FEBS J. 2006 Jul;273(14):3148-59 [16780572] J Med Genet. 2007 Jan;44(1):1-9 [16825431] Nat Genet. 2007 Feb;39(2):159-61 [17200672] Structure. 2007 May;15(5):599-609 [17502105] DNA Repair (Amst). 2008 May 3;7(5):686-93 [18243065] Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Feb;37(2):557-67 [19066203] Nat Protoc. 2009;4(7):1073-81 [19561590] Bioinformatics. 2009 Jul 15;25(14):1754-60 [19451168] Biochemistry. 2009 Jul 28;48(29):6805-10 [19555119] Mutat Res. 2009 Jul 31;668(1-2):4-10 [19622403] Bioinformatics. 2009 Aug 15;25(16):2078-9 [19505943] Bioinformatics. 2009 Sep 1;25(17):2283-5 [19542151] Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):78-81 [19892942] Cold Spring Harb Protoc. 2009 Jan;2009(1):pdb.prot5120 [20147015] Nat Methods. 2010 Apr;7(4):248-9 [20354512] Nat Genet. 2010 May;42(5):406-9 [20400963] Science. 2010 Apr 30;328(5978):636-9 [20220176] Nat Methods. 2010 Aug;7(8):575-6 [20676075] Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Sep;38(16):e164 [20601685] Nature. 2010 Oct 28;467(7319):1061-73 [20981092] Annu Rev Genet. 2010;44:113-39 [20690856] DNA Repair (Amst). 2010 Dec 10;9(12):1264-72 [20971042] Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan;39(1):155-67 [20817928] Nat Biotechnol. 2011 Jan;29(1):24-6 [21221095] Nature. 2011 Jul 7;475(7354):45-6 [21734701] Nature. 2011 Jul 7;475(7354):53-8 [21734703] Am J Hum Genet. 2012 Feb 10;90(2):301-7 [22305526] J Clin Invest. 2012 Nov;122(11):3799-806 [23114602] Nature. 2013 Jan 17;493(7432):356-63 [23325218] Cancer Discov. 2015 Feb;5(2):135-42 [25472942] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9829 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron mineral structure, reactivity, and isotopic composition in a South Pacific gyre ferromanganese nodule over 4 Ma AN - 1780802415; 2016-032422 AB - Deep-sea ferromanganese nodules accumulate trace elements from seawater and underlying sediment porewaters during the growth of concentric mineral layers over millions of years. These trace elements have the potential to record past ocean geochemical conditions. The goal of this study was to determine whether Fe mineral alteration occurs and how the speciation of trace elements responds to alteration over approximately 3.7 Ma of marine ferromanganese nodule (MFN) formation, a timeline constrained by estimates from (super 9) Be/ (super 10) Be concentrations in the nodule material. We determined Fe-bearing phases and Fe isotope composition in a South Pacific Gyre (SPG) nodule. Specifically, the distribution patterns and speciation of trace element uptake by these Fe phases were investigated. The time interval covered by the growth of our sample of the nodule was derived from (super 9) Be/ (super 10) Be accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The composition and distribution of major and trace elements were mapped at various spatial scales, using micro-X-ray fluorescence (mu XRF), electron microprobe analysis (EMPA), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Fe phases were characterized by micro-extended X-ray absorption fine structure (mu EXAFS) spectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction (mu XRD). Speciation of Ti and V, associated with Fe, was measured using micro-X-ray absorption near edge structure (mu XANES) spectroscopy. Iron isotope composition (delta (super 56/54) Fe) in subsamples of 1-3 mm increments along the radius of the nodule was determined with multiple-collector ICP-MS (MC-ICP-MS). The SPG nodule formed through primarily hydrogeneous inputs at a rate of 4.0 + or - 0.4 mm/Ma. The nodule exhibited a high diversity of Fe mineral phases: feroxyhite (delta -FeOOH), goethite (alpha -FeOOH), lepidocrocite (gamma -FeOOH), and poorly ordered ferrihydrite-like phases. These findings provide evidence that Fe oxyhydroxides within the nodule undergo alteration to more stable phases over millions of years. Trace Ti and V were spatially correlated with Fe and found to be adsorbed to Fe-bearing minerals. Ti/Fe and V/Fe ratios, and Ti and V speciation, did not vary along the nodule radius. The delta (super 56/54) Fe values, when averaged over sample increments representing 0.25-0.75 Ma, were homogeneous within uncertainty along the nodule radius, at -0.12 + or - 0.07 ppm (2sd, n = 10). Our results indicate that the Fe isotope composition of the nodule remained constant during nodule growth and that mineral alteration did not affect the primary Fe isotope composition of the nodule. Furthermore, the average delta (super 56/54) Fe value of -0.12 ppm we find is consistent with Fe sourced from continental eolian particles (dust). Despite mineral alteration, the trace element partitioning of Ti and V, and Fe isotope composition, do not appear to change within the sensitivity of our measurements. These findings suggest that Fe oxyhydroxides within hydrogenetic ferromanganese nodules are out of geochemical contact with seawater once they are covered by subsequent concentric mineral layers. Even though Fe-bearing minerals are altered, trace element ratios, speciation and Fe isotope composition are preserved within the nodule. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Edwards, Katrina J AU - Gueguen, Bleuenn AU - Fakra, Sirine C AU - Horn, Gregory AU - Jelinski, Nicolas A AU - Rouxel, Olivier AU - Sorensen, Jeffry AU - Toner, Brandy M Y1 - 2015/12/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 15 SP - 61 EP - 79 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 171 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - alteration KW - sea water KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - nodules KW - mass spectra KW - deep-sea environment KW - stable isotopes KW - layered materials KW - iron KW - ferromanganese composition KW - XANES spectra KW - accelerator mass spectra KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - dates KW - sediments KW - absolute age KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - Be-10/Be-9 KW - currents KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Be-10 KW - isotope ratios KW - electron microscopy data KW - South Pacific KW - X-ray spectra KW - South Pacific gyre KW - ocean currents KW - ICP mass spectra KW - titanium KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - EXAFS data KW - Fe-56/Fe-54 KW - SEM data KW - beryllium KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Iron+mineral+structure%2C+reactivity%2C+and+isotopic+composition+in+a+South+Pacific+gyre+ferromanganese+nodule+over+4+Ma&rft.au=Marcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BEdwards%2C+Katrina+J%3BGueguen%2C+Bleuenn%3BFakra%2C+Sirine+C%3BHorn%2C+Gregory%3BJelinski%2C+Nicolas+A%3BRouxel%2C+Olivier%3BSorensen%2C+Jeffry%3BToner%2C+Brandy+M&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2015-12-15&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.08.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; accelerator mass spectra; alkaline earth metals; alteration; Be-10; Be-10/Be-9; beryllium; chemical composition; currents; dates; deep-sea environment; electron microscopy data; EXAFS data; Fe-56/Fe-54; ferromanganese composition; ICP mass spectra; iron; isotope ratios; isotopes; layered materials; marine environment; marine sediments; mass spectra; metals; nodules; ocean currents; Pacific Ocean; radioactive isotopes; sea water; sediments; SEM data; South Pacific; South Pacific gyre; spectra; stable isotopes; titanium; trace elements; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.08.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a discontinuous approach for modeling fluid flow in heterogeneous media using the numerical manifold method AN - 1840619560; 2016-095615 AB - In the numerical modeling of fluid flow in heterogeneous geological media, large material contrasts associated with complexly intersected material interfaces are challenging, not only related to mesh discretization but also for the accurate realization of the corresponding boundary constraints. To address these challenges, we developed a discontinuous approach for modeling fluid flow in heterogeneous media using the numerical manifold method (NMM) and the Lagrange multiplier method (LMM) for modeling boundary constraints. The advantages of NMM include meshing efficiency with fixed mathematical grids (covers), the convenience of increasing the approximation precision, and the high integration precision provided by simplex integration. In this discontinuous approach, the elements intersected by material interfaces are divided into different elements and linked together using the LMM. We derive and compare different forms of LMMs and arrive at a new LMM that is efficient in terms of not requiring additional Lagrange multiplier topology, yet stringently derived by physical principles, and accurate in numerical performance. To demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the NMM with the developed LMM for boundary constraints, we simulate a number of verification and demonstration examples, involving a Dirichlet boundary condition and dense and intersected material interfaces. Last, we applied the developed model for modeling fluid flow in heterogeneous media with several material zones containing a fault and an opening. We show that the developed discontinuous approach is very suitable for modeling fluid flow in strongly heterogeneous media with good accuracy for large material contrasts, complex Dirichlet boundary conditions, or complexly intersected material interfaces. Copyright Copyright 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics AU - Hu, Mengsu AU - Wang, Yuan AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2015/12/10/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 10 SP - 1932 EP - 1952 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 39 IS - 17 SN - 0363-9061, 0363-9061 KW - soil mechanics KW - hydraulics KW - numerical models KW - Darcy's law KW - fluid flow KW - simulation KW - boundary conditions KW - finite element analysis KW - physical properties KW - heterogeneous materials KW - topology KW - permeability KW - dynamic properties KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840619560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+for+Numerical+and+Analytical+Methods+in+Geomechanics&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+discontinuous+approach+for+modeling+fluid+flow+in+heterogeneous+media+using+the+numerical+manifold+method&rft.au=Hu%2C+Mengsu%3BWang%2C+Yuan%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Mengsu&rft.date=2015-12-10&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=1932&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+for+Numerical+and+Analytical+Methods+in+Geomechanics&rft.issn=03639061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fnag.2390 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/3312/home LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; Darcy's law; dynamic properties; finite element analysis; fluid flow; heterogeneous materials; hydraulics; numerical models; permeability; physical properties; simulation; soil mechanics; topology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.2390 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Circular Dichroism in Off-Resonantly Coupled Plasmonic Nanosystems. AN - 1747305076; 26569468 AB - Chiral plasmonic systems have been shown to exhibit large chiroptical responses, much larger than those found in molecular or solid state systems. In this Letter, we investigate the role of resonant coupling in such systems and whether the formation of collective plasmonic modes in a chiral assembly of metallic nanostructures is a necessary condition for chiroptical response. We show in experiment and simulation that off-resonant coupling between spectrally detuned nanostructures arranged with structural chirality leads to a clear but weak chiroptical response. We interpret our results in the framework of scattering between the individual constituents that in turn leads to a chiroptical farfield response. We envision that our results will allow further tuning and manipulation of chiroptical responses in plasmonic systems for tailored chiral light matter interaction. JF - Nano letters AU - Ferry, Vivian E AU - Hentschel, Mario AU - Alivisatos, A Paul AD - Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities , 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States. ; Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2015/12/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 09 SP - 8336 EP - 8341 VL - 15 IS - 12 KW - surface plasmons KW - chirality KW - circular dichroism KW - plasmon hybridization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1747305076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=Circular+Dichroism+in+Off-Resonantly+Coupled+Plasmonic+Nanosystems.&rft.au=Ferry%2C+Vivian+E%3BHentschel%2C+Mario%3BAlivisatos%2C+A+Paul&rft.aulast=Ferry&rft.aufirst=Vivian&rft.date=2015-12-09&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=8336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.nanolett.5b03970 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-04-20 N1 - Date created - 2015-12-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03970 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - All-Iron Redox Flow Battery Tailored for Off-Grid Portable Applications. AN - 1744663209; 26586284 AB - An all-iron redox flow battery is proposed and developed for end users without access to an electricity grid. The concept is a low-cost battery which the user assembles, discharges, and then disposes of the active materials. The design goals are: (1) minimize upfront cost, (2) maximize discharge energy, and (3) utilize non-toxic and environmentally benign materials. These are different goals than typically considered for electrochemical battery technology, which provides the opportunity for a novel solution. The selected materials are: low-carbon-steel negative electrode, paper separator, porous-carbon-paper positive electrode, and electrolyte solution containing 0.5 m Fe2 (SO4 )3 active material and 1.2 m NaCl supporting electrolyte. With these materials, an average power density around 20 mW cm(-2) and a maximum energy density of 11.5 Wh L(-1) are achieved. A simple cost model indicates the consumable materials cost US$6.45 per kWh(-1) , or only US$0.034 per mobile phone charge. JF - ChemSusChem AU - Tucker, Michael C AU - Phillips, Adam AU - Weber, Adam Z AD - Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd. MS70-108b, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. mctucker@lbl.gov. ; Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd. MS70-108b, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. Y1 - 2015/12/07/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 07 SP - 3996 EP - 4004 VL - 8 IS - 23 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - batteries KW - iron KW - energy conversion KW - electrochemistry KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Porosity KW - Electrodes KW - Electrochemistry KW - Carbon -- chemistry KW - Electric Power Supplies KW - Iron -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1744663209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ChemSusChem&rft.atitle=All-Iron+Redox+Flow+Battery+Tailored+for+Off-Grid+Portable+Applications.&rft.au=Tucker%2C+Michael+C%3BPhillips%2C+Adam%3BWeber%2C+Adam+Z&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-12-07&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=3996&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ChemSusChem&rft.issn=1864-564X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcssc.201500845 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-09-12 N1 - Date created - 2015-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201500845 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cryogenic fracturing; laboratory visualization experiments and numerical simulations using peridynamics AN - 1849311131; 2016-109399 AB - Typical hydraulic fracturing operations involve the use of a large quantity of water, which can be problematic for several reasons including possible formation (permeability) damage, disposal of waste water, and the use of precious local water resource. An alternate reservoir permeability enhancing technology not requiring water is cryogenic fracturing. This method induces controlled fracturing of rock formations by thermal shock and has potentially important applications in the geothermal and hydrocarbon industries. In this process, cryogenic fluid-such as liquid nitrogen-is injected into the subsurface, causing fracturing due to thermal gradients. These fractures may improve the formation permeability relative to that achievable by hydraulic fracturing alone. We conducted combined laboratory visualization and numerical simulations studies of thermal-shock-induced fracture initiation and propagation resulting from liquid nitrogen injection in rock and analog materials. The experiment used transparent soda-lime glass cubes to facilitate real-time visualization of fracture growth and the fracture network geometry. In this contribution, we report the effect of overall temperature difference between cryogenic fluid and solid material on the produced fracture network, by pre-heating the glass cubes to several temperatures and injecting liquid nitrogen. Temperatures are monitored at several points by thermocouple and the fracture evolution is captured visually by camera. The experiment was modeled using a customized, thermoelastic, fracture-capable numerical simulation code based on peridynamics. The performance of the numerical code was validated by the results of the laboratory experiments, and then the code was used to study the different factors affecting a cryogenic fracturing operation, including the evolution of residual stresses and constitutive relationships for material failure. In complex rock such as shale, understanding the process of cryogenic fracturing in the field is difficult, and the involved cost can be very high. The laboratory experiments and the numerical modeling can provide valuable information for understanding the fundamental processes involved with the fracturing operation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Martin-Short, Robert AU - Edmiston, John Kearney AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51M EP - 1567 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849311131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Cryogenic+fracturing%3B+laboratory+visualization+experiments+and+numerical+simulations+using+peridynamics&rft.au=Martin-Short%2C+Robert%3BEdmiston%2C+John+Kearney%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Martin-Short&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled monitoring and inverse modeling to investigate surface-subsurface hydrological and thermal dynamics in the Arctic tundra AN - 1849310950; 2016-109248 AB - Quantitative characterization of the soil surface-subsurface hydrological and thermal processes is essential as they are primary factors that control the biogeochemical processes, ecological landscapes and greenhouse gas fluxes. In the Artic region, the surface-subsurface hydrological and thermal regimes co-interact and are both largely influenced by soil texture and soil organic content. In this study, we present a coupled inversion scheme that jointly inverts hydrological, thermal and geophysical data to estimate the vertical profiles of clay, sand and organic contents. Within this inversion scheme, the Community Land Model (CLM4.5) serves as a forward model to simulate the land-surface energy balance and subsurface hydrological-thermal processes. Soil electrical conductivity (from electrical resistivity tomography), temperature and water content are linked together via petrophysical and geophysical models. Particularly, the inversion scheme accounts for the influences of the soil organic and mineral content on both of the hydrological-thermal dynamics and the petrophysical relationship. We applied the inversion scheme to the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE) intensive site in Barrow, AK, which is characterized by polygonal-shaped arctic tundra. The monitoring system autonomously provides a suite of above-ground measurements (e.g., precipitation, air temperature, wind speed, short-long wave radiation, canopy greenness and eddy covariance) as well as below-ground measurements (soil moisture, soil temperature, thaw layer thickness, snow thickness and soil electrical conductivity), which complement other periodic, manually collected measurements. The preliminary results indicate that the model can well reproduce the spatiotemporal dynamics of the soil temperature, and therefore, accurately predict the active layer thickness. The hydrological and thermal dynamics are closely linked to the polygon types and polygon features. The results also enable the quantification of the role of organic material in hydrological - thermal processes in the Arctic region. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Anh Phuong, Tran AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Peterson, John AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Romanovsky, Vladimir E AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H13E EP - 1596 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Coupled+monitoring+and+inverse+modeling+to+investigate+surface-subsurface+hydrological+and+thermal+dynamics+in+the+Arctic+tundra&rft.au=Anh+Phuong%2C+Tran%3BDafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BPeterson%2C+John%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BRomanovsky%2C+Vladimir+E%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BWu%2C+Yuxin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Anh+Phuong&rft.aufirst=Tran&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated technology for deep boreholes; modular borehole monitoring AN - 1849310933; 2016-109281 AB - Understanding the impacts caused by engineered activities in the deep subsurface, such as waste disposal, necessitates a comprehensive borehole monitoring strategy. Similarly, characterization of continental subsurface properties for scientific understanding requires optimal use of deep boreholes. While surface-based and other remote geophysical methods can provide information on the structure, lithology and properties of subsurface formations, the scale of investigation is typically large and some properties require direct measurement, e.g. verification of the geochemical conditions. Validation of remote sensing data, along with increasing data spatial resolution, requires measurements from boreholes that penetrate the formations of interest. Unfortunately, the high cost of drilling deep wellbores and deploying instrumentation systems constrains the number of dedicated monitoring borings as well as limits the technologies that can be incorporated in a borehole completion. We recently completed a Modular Borehole Monitoring (MBM) Program to develop a robust suite of well-based tools optimized for subsurface monitoring of CO (sub 2) injected into sedimentary basins. These tools included seismic sensing, temperature sensing, in-situ fluid sampling and in-situ fluid pressure measurement. as part of a comprehensive well-based monitoring program. Characterization of crystalline rock requires a similar suite of tools. A MBM system should have enough flexibility to be easily reconfigured for various borehole geometries and geologies. The MBM Program sought to provide operators with a turn-key, fully engineered design that incorporated key technologies, could function over the long time-span necessary for monitoring engineered activities, and meet industry acceptable risk profiles for deep-well installations. We will present design information and monitoring results from previous installations and discuss needs for crystalline rock monitoring. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Freifeld, Barry M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H13M EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Integrated+technology+for+deep+boreholes%3B+modular+borehole+monitoring&rft.au=Daley%2C+Thomas+M%3BFreifeld%2C+Barry+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A hybrid continuum-discrete scheme for simulating CO (sub 2) migration and trapping in fractured sandstone reservoirs AN - 1849310843; 2016-109494 AB - Supercritical CO2 (scCO2) injected into fractured sandstone reservoirs, such as at the In Salah site in Algeria, flows preferentially through the fracture network and invades into the rock matrix if matrix permeability is sufficiently high and capillary entry pressure is sufficiently low. The invading scCO2 displaces resident brine in the matrix downgradient, allowing for additional scCO2 matrix storage. The displaced brine crosses matrix bridges and brine-filled small-aperture regions within fractures between neighboring matrix blocks. To account for preferential scCO2 flow through fractures, scCO2 invasion into the rock matrix, and cross-fracture brine flow, we propose a hybrid continuum-discrete scheme with one fracture continuum (F) and multiple matrix continua (M1 through Mn). The scheme allows for global F-F flow through fractures, local F-M1 flow for scCO2 invasion, local Mi-Mi+1 brine and scCO2 flow, and global Mn-Mn brine flow. The proposed scheme differs from existing continuum-based dual-porosity, dual-permeability, and multiple interacting continua (MINC) schemes in that the matrix-matrix connectivity via bridges and brine-filled regions is considered explicitly, while the existing schemes allow either 0 (e.g., dual-porosity) or 100% (e.g., dual-permeability) matrix-matrix connectivity. The proposed scheme is implemented in the multi-phase multi-component simulator TOUGH2 and demonstrated on a hypothetical, large-scale scCO2 injection and storage case. A sensitivity analysis on different driving forces for fracture-matrix interactions is conducted in both homogeneous and heterogeneous fractures and matrix. It is found that in a thick reservoir, buoyancy enhances scCO2 invasion from fractures into the rock matrix, driving global matrix-matrix brine flow. Without scCO2 invasion into the matrix, the storage capacity and efficiency of CO2 in fractured sandstone, which are proportional to formation compressibility and pressure increase, is small. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H54F EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+hybrid+continuum-discrete+scheme+for+simulating+CO+%28sub+2%29+migration+and+trapping+in+fractured+sandstone+reservoirs&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Quanlin%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Quanlin&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new approach to hydrologic testing during drilling of a deep borehole and its application to the Swedish scientific deep drilling COSC project AN - 1849310760; 2016-109282 AB - Drilling of a deep borehole does not normally allow for hydrogeologic testing during the drilling period. The only time hydraulic tests are performed is when drilling encounters a large-transmissivity zone as evidenced by a large loss (or high return) of drilling fluid. The present paper proposes a new approach, that of conducting Flowing Fluid Electric Conductivity (FFEC) logging during the drilling period, with negligible impact on drilling schedule, yet providing important and accurate information on depth locations of both high- and low-transmissivity zones and their in-situ hydraulic conductivities. The information can be used to guide downhole fluid sampling and post-drilling detailed testing of the borehole. The proposed method has been applied to the drilling of a 2500-m borehole at Are, Northern Sweden, which was initiated on April 28 and completed on August 26, 2014, with 99% core recovery. This borehole, named COSC-1, was drilled as part of the Swedish Scientific Deep Drilling COSC project, where COSC stands for Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides. The project is a multidisciplinary project with the aim of gaining a deeper understanding of mountain belt dynamics in the Scandinavian Caledonides. Scientific investigations which include a range of topics from studies of ancient orogeny to the present-day hydrological cycle are conducted under six working groups: (1) tectonics, (2) geophysics, (3) geothermics, (4) hydrology, (5) microbiology and (6) drilling management and technology. In this talk, the new approach to hydrologic testing during the drilling period will be described and its application to the drilling of COSC-1 borehole presented. Results show that from 300 m to the borehole bottom at 2500 m, there are eight hydraulically active zones or fractures in COSC-1, with very low transmissivity values ranging over one order of magnitude. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tsang, Chin Fu AU - Rosberg, Jan-Erik AU - Juhlin, Christopher AU - Niemi, Auli P AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H13M EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+new+approach+to+hydrologic+testing+during+drilling+of+a+deep+borehole+and+its+application+to+the+Swedish+scientific+deep+drilling+COSC+project&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin+Fu%3BRosberg%2C+Jan-Erik%3BJuhlin%2C+Christopher%3BNiemi%2C+Auli+P%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - XMCD and XAS examination of cation ordering in synthetic Mg- and Al-substituted titanomagnetites AN - 1849310623; 2016-109174 AB - Many paleomagnetic studies use natural magnetic minerals of the titanomagnetite (TM) solid solution series (Fe (sub 3-x) Ti (sub x) O4, 0 150 degrees C on timescales and at temperatures relevant to laboratory and geological processes were observed (Bowles et al. 2013). These variations in TC are thought to result from cation reordering within the crystal lattice. Those processes may have major effects on the acquisition, retention and demagnetisation of partial TRM and thermoviscous remanence and may have significant consequences for many paleomagnetic studies. However, so far no direct evidence for this cation reordering has been established. To gain further insight into the mechanisms at work, we have synthesised TMs of varying Ti-content (0.25 < or = x < or = 60) and with different degrees of Al- and Mg- substitution. Measuring the magnetic susceptibility as function of temperature T (sub C) was determined. Subsequently the samples were subjected to isothermal annealing at temperatures between 325-400 degrees C for 10 to 10 (super 3) hours. We observe an increase of TC on warming with anneal time up to 80 degrees , whereas TC on cooling decreases slightly. The magnitude of the change in TC on warming varies with anneal temperature, and the temperature of maximum change depends on composition. Splits of the samples were studied using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) of the Fe L (sub 2,3) -edge, which is sensitive to valence state and site occupancy of the Fe cations. The results suggest different Fe (super 2+) /Fe (super 3+) site occupancy for different sample compositions but there seem to be no consistent differences between the XMCD spectra of annealed and un-annealed samples of one composition. X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) of the Ti, Mg and Al show no significant differences for samples of different anneal stages, suggesting no reordering of the Ti (super 4+) , Al (super 3+) and Mg (super 2+) . The lack of observed (re)ordering between A and B lattice sites suggests the process may be vacancy mediated or there might be short-range cation (re)ordering within the lattice sites. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lappe, Sophie Charlotte Luise Leonore AU - Bowles, Julie AU - Jackson, M AU - Arenholz, Elke AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract GP43A EP - 1237 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=XMCD+and+XAS+examination+of+cation+ordering+in+synthetic+Mg-+and+Al-substituted+titanomagnetites&rft.au=Lappe%2C+Sophie+Charlotte+Luise+Leonore%3BBowles%2C+Julie%3BJackson%2C+M%3BArenholz%2C+Elke%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lappe&rft.aufirst=Sophie+Charlotte+Luise&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model-based analysis of push-pull experiments in deep aquifers to predict large-scale impacts of CSG product water reinjection AN - 1849310604; 2016-109460 AB - Over the next two decades coal seam gas production in Australia will require the management of large quantities of production water. For some sites the most viable option is to treat the water to a high standard via reverse osmosis (RO) and to inject it into deep aquifers. The design and implementation of these field-scale injection schemes requires a thorough understanding of the anticipated water quality changes within the target aquifers. In this study we use reactive transport modeling to integrate the results of a multi-scale hydrogeological and geochemical characterization, and to analyze a series of short-term push-pull experiments with the aim to better understand and reliably accurately predict long-term water quality evolution and the risks for mobilizing geogenic arsenic. Sequential push-pull tests with varying injectant compositions were undertaken, with concentrations recorded during the recovery phase reaching levels of up to 180 ppb above the ambient concentrations observed prior to the push-pull experiments. The highest As concentrations were observed in conjunction with the injection of aerobic water, while de-oxygenation of the injectant lowered As concentrations significantly. The lowest As concentrations were observed when the injectant was de-oxygenated and acid-amended. The latter was underpinned by complementary laboratory As sorption experiments using sediments from the target aquifer at various pHs, which, consistent with literature, show a decrease in As sorption affinity under alkaline conditions. In the model-based analysis of the experimental data, model parameters for each conceptual model variant were estimated through an automatic calibration procedure using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) whereby bromide and temperature data were used to constrain flow, solute and heat transport parameters. A series of predictive model scenarios were performed to determine whether advanced manipulation of the injectant composition is required. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Prommer, Henning AU - Rathi, Bhasker AU - Morris, Ryan AU - Helm, Lauren AU - Siade, Adam J AU - Davis, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H53K EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Model-based+analysis+of+push-pull+experiments+in+deep+aquifers+to+predict+large-scale+impacts+of+CSG+product+water+reinjection&rft.au=Prommer%2C+Henning%3BRathi%2C+Bhasker%3BMorris%2C+Ryan%3BHelm%2C+Lauren%3BSiade%2C+Adam+J%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Prommer&rft.aufirst=Henning&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The DOE subsurface (SubTER) initiative; revolutionizing responsible use of the subsurface for energy production and storage AN - 1849310478; 2016-109393 AB - The subsurface supplies more than 80% of the U.S.'s total energy needs through geothermal and hydrocarbon strategies and also provides vast potential for safe storage of CO (sub 2) and disposal of nuclear waste. Responsible and efficient use of the subsurface poses many challenges, many of which require the capability to monitor and manipulate sub-surface stress, fractures, and fluid flow at all scales. Adaptive control of subsurface fractures and flow is a multi-disciplinary challenge that, if achieved, has the potential to transform all subsurface energy strategies. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy's SubTER (Subsurface Technology and Engineering Research development and demonstration) initiative, a multi-National Laboratory team is developing next-generation approaches that will allow for adaptive control of subsurface fractures and flow. SubTER has identified an initial suite of technical thrust areas to focus work, and has initiated a number of small projects. This presentation will describe early progress associated with the SubTER technical topic areas of wellbore integrity, subsurface stress and induced seismicity, permeability manipulation and new subsurface signals. It will also describe SubTER plans, and provide a venue to solicit suggestions and discuss potential partnerships associated with future research directions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Walck, Marianne C AU - Blankenship, Doug AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Bromhal, Grant S AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Pawar, Rajesh AU - Polsky, Yarom AU - Mattson, Earl AU - Mellors, Roberts J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51M EP - 1561 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+DOE+subsurface+%28SubTER%29+initiative%3B+revolutionizing+responsible+use+of+the+subsurface+for+energy+production+and+storage&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BWalck%2C+Marianne+C%3BBlankenship%2C+Doug%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BBromhal%2C+Grant+S%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BPawar%2C+Rajesh%3BPolsky%2C+Yarom%3BMattson%2C+Earl%3BMellors%2C+Roberts+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-frequency shear measurements on fractured samples to determine detectability of fractures at various stress conditions AN - 1849310467; 2016-109402 AB - In the subsurface energy community there is increasing interest in identifying and characterizing fractures (both natural and engineered) in reservoirs using field seismic techniques. The threshold of detection depends on fracture specific stiffness, acoustic impedance, and attenuation (both intrinsic and scattering) in the surrounding medium. The frequency of the probing seismic wave is therefore important. The simplest way to estimate detection conditions is by computing reflection and transmission coefficients and how they change with varying stiffness. In this setting we imagine that the stiffness is dominated by the asperity contact area, which is in turn a function of effective stress. We have adapted a low-frequency (1-64 Hz) sub-resonance torsional shear system, capable of measuring shear modulus and attenuation, to explore the seismic signature of fractures in order to interpret field data from fractured reservoirs. Since the apparatus operates quasi-statically, we eliminate scattering effects. Our instrument is unique in its ability to measure at low normal stresses, simulating 'open' fractures in shallow or high fluid pressure reservoirs. We present calibration data that shows the accuracy of our instrument, and measurements from artificially fractured dry granite and rhyolite samples. By measuring the samples before and after fracturing under various normal stresses, we can separate the compliance of the rock from the compliance of the fracture. This method allows us to study well mated 'closed' fractures (stiffness about 40% of the intact shear modulus), until they are nearly open (<1%). With this data we calculate the reflectivity of the fracture in a field setting with varying effective stress, showing at what conditions we would expect to be able to detect fractures seismically. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Saltiel, Seth AU - Bonner, Brian P AU - Ajo Franklin, Jonathan Blair AU - Selvadurai, Paul A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51M EP - 1570 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Low-frequency+shear+measurements+on+fractured+samples+to+determine+detectability+of+fractures+at+various+stress+conditions&rft.au=Saltiel%2C+Seth%3BBonner%2C+Brian+P%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+Jonathan+Blair%3BSelvadurai%2C+Paul+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Saltiel&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated QA/QC for data management, curation, and standardization of hydrological, meteorological, and biogeochemical datasets at the Rifle field site AN - 1849310309; 2016-109346 AB - As part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) "Genomes to Watershed" Science Focus Area field effort at the Rifle site in Colorado, USA, sensor-based hydrological and meteorological datasets and data from laboratory characterization of groundwater samples have been curated and archived in a database (http://ifrcrifle.org). We have developed automated quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) methods to detect and identify errors made while recording, manipulating, formatting, transmitting and archiving data, or due to the malfunctioning of sensors. The focus was on developing and implementing basic QA/QC for the DOE Legacy Management installed SOARS network that collects data from the water-level pressure transducers, vadose zone and groundwater thermistors, as well as the meteorological stations. We developed and implemented QA/QC procedures to identify and flag the sources of erroneous data and cleaned up the water-level time series data using outlier filtering methods. Based on the analysis of field water-level data, we provided recommendations on the reinstallation and calibration of pressure transducers installed in monitoring wells. Additionally, in support of the QC of the geochemical dataset, we developed an approach of flagging the samples based on the evaluation of ionic balance of water samples. We also advanced a visualization system to allow users to plot and download raw data and perform QA/QC of time series data masked by the quality flags. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Versteeg, Roelof J AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Agarwal, Deb AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51G EP - 1467 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849310309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Automated+QA%2FQC+for+data+management%2C+curation%2C+and+standardization+of+hydrological%2C+meteorological%2C+and+biogeochemical+datasets+at+the+Rifle+field+site&rft.au=Versteeg%2C+Roelof+J%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BVaradharajan%2C+Charuleka%3BAgarwal%2C+Deb%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Versteeg&rft.aufirst=Roelof&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying subsurface water and heat distribution and its linkage with landscape properties in terrestrial environment using hydro-thermal-geophysical monitoring and coupled inverse modeling AN - 1849305326; 2016-109478 AB - Quantifying water and heat fluxes in the subsurface is crucial for managing water resources and for understanding the terrestrial ecosystem where hydrological properties drive a variety of biogeochemical processes across a large range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we present the development of an advanced monitoring strategy where hydro-thermal-geophysical datasets are continuously acquired and further involved in a novel inverse modeling framework to estimate the hydraulic and thermal parameter that control heat and water dynamics in the subsurface and further influence surface processes such as evapotranspiration and vegetation growth. The measured and estimated soil properties are also used to investigate co-interaction between subsurface and surface dynamics by using above-ground aerial imaging. The value of this approach is demonstrated at two different sites, one in the polygonal shaped Arctic tundra where water and heat dynamics have a strong impact on freeze-thaw processes, vegetation and biogeochemical processes, and one in a floodplain along the Colorado River where hydrological fluxes between compartments of the system (surface, vadose zone and groundwater) drive biogeochemical transformations. Results show that the developed strategy using geophysical, point-scale and aerial measurements is successful to delineate the spatial distribution of hydrostratigraphic units having distinct physicochemical properties, to monitor and quantify in high resolution water and heat distribution and its linkage with vegetation, geomorphology and weather conditions, and to estimate hydraulic and thermal parameters for enhanced predictions of water and heat fluxes as well as evapotranspiration. Further, in the Colorado floodplain, results document the potential presence of only periodic infiltration pulses as a key hot moment controlling soil hydro and biogeochemical functioning. In the arctic, results show the strong linkage between soil water content, thermal parameters, thaw layer thickness and vegetation distribution. Overall, results of these efforts demonstrate the value of coupling various datasets at high spatial and temporal resolution to improve predictive understanding of subsurface and surface dynamics. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Anh Phuong, Tran AU - Wainwright, Haruko M AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Peterson, John AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Williams, Kenneth Hurst AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H54B EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849305326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Quantifying+subsurface+water+and+heat+distribution+and+its+linkage+with+landscape+properties+in+terrestrial+environment+using+hydro-thermal-geophysical+monitoring+and+coupled+inverse+modeling&rft.au=Dafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BAnh+Phuong%2C+Tran%3BWainwright%2C+Haruko+M%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BPeterson%2C+John%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+Hurst%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dafflon&rft.aufirst=Baptiste&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and numerical demonstration of anomalous enhanced backscatter by subsurface spherical dielectric anomalies AN - 1849298231; 2016-105769 AB - Anomalous signal enhancement appears in ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiles recorded over electrically resistive ground containing dielectric anomalies. Examples of the ground matrix include sands, glacial till, sub-lacustrine diamicton, glaciers and even icy moons. The likely anomalies are cylindrical or spherical water-filled conduits, boulders or saturation bulbs. In such cases refractive focusing within the anomaly may be the cause, whereby waves propagating along the curved surface continually refract along short cuts through the anomaly, which results in enhanced backscatter that emanates from the near the anomaly base. Although Mie scattering and optical ray path propagation of this phenomenon are well understood, the associated backscatter attributes of amplitude, dispersion and phase are not conceptually obvious from the mathematics. Here we try to provide some understanding of these attributes with theory, laboratory experiments with GPR pulses and higher permittivity spheres buried in lower permittivity sand, and numerical models that simulate the experiments. Our experiments clearly show amplitude enhancement of waves whose time delay is predicted by the surface wave explanation, yet with an unexpected reversal of waveform phase polarity. Theoretically we provide a geometrical model that predicts the position of the focal point as a function of the geometric and dielectric parameters, which we evaluate to find those that cause the focus to occur inside the sphere, and the unexpected phase change. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Saintenoy, Albane Claire AU - Leger, Emmanuel AU - Diemer, Florian AU - Arcone, Steven A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract P51C EP - 2082 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849298231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+numerical+demonstration+of+anomalous+enhanced+backscatter+by+subsurface+spherical+dielectric+anomalies&rft.au=Saintenoy%2C+Albane+Claire%3BLeger%2C+Emmanuel%3BDiemer%2C+Florian%3BArcone%2C+Steven+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Saintenoy&rft.aufirst=Albane&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A cloud based framework for monitoring and predicting subsurface system behaviour AN - 1844920617; 2016-100706 AB - Subsurface system behavior is driven and controlled by the interplay of physical, chemical, and biological processes which occur at multiple temporal and spatial scales. Capabilities to monitor, understand and predict this behavior in an effective and timely manner are needed for both scientific purposes and for effective subsurface system management. Such capabilities require three elements: Models, Data and an enabling cyberinfrastructure, which allow users to use these models and data in an effective manner. Under a DOE Office of Science funded STTR award Subsurface Insights and LBNL have designed and implemented a cloud based predictive assimilation framework (PAF) which automatically ingests, controls quality and stores heterogeneous physical and chemical subsurface data and processes these data using different inversion and modeling codes to provide information on the current state and evolution of subsurface systems. PAF is implemented as a modular cloud based software application with five components: (1) data acquisition, (2) data management, (3) data assimilation and processing, (4) visualization and result delivery and (5) orchestration. Serverside PAF uses ZF2 (a PHP web application framework) and Python and both open source (ODM2) and in house developed data models. Clientside PAF uses CSS and JS to allow for interactive data visualization and analysis. Client side modularity (which allows for a responsive interface) of the system is achieved by implementing each core capability of PAF (such as data visualization, user configuration and control, electrical geophysical monitoring and email/SMS alerts on data streams) as a SPA (Single Page Application). One of the recent enhancements is the full integration of a number of flow and mass transport and parameter estimation codes (e.g., MODFLOW, MT3DMS, PHT3D, TOUGH, PFLOTRAN) in this framework. This integration allows for autonomous and user controlled modeling of hydrological and geochemical processes. In our presentation we will discuss our software architecture and present the results of using these codes and the overall developed performance of our framework using hydrological, geochemical and geophysical data from the LBNL SFA2 Rifle field site. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Versteeg, R J AU - Rodzianko, A AU - Johnson, Doug Val AU - Soltanian, Mohammad Reza AU - Dwivedi, D AU - Dafflon, B AU - Tran, A P AU - Versteeg, Owen J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract IN13A EP - 1818 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1844920617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+cloud+based+framework+for+monitoring+and+predicting+subsurface+system+behaviour&rft.au=Versteeg%2C+R+J%3BRodzianko%2C+A%3BJohnson%2C+Doug+Val%3BSoltanian%2C+Mohammad+Reza%3BDwivedi%2C+D%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BTran%2C+A+P%3BVersteeg%2C+Owen+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Versteeg&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preferential accumulation of gas hydrate in the Andaman accretionary wedge and relationship to anomalous porosity preservation AN - 1840621634; 2016-096192 AB - In the marine environment, sediments in the gas hydrate stability zone often correspond to slope and basin settings. These settings are dominantly composed of fine-grained silt and clay lithofacies with typically low vertical permeability, and pore fluids frequently under-saturated with respect to methane. As a result, the pressure-temperature conditions requisite for a GHSZ to be present occur widely worldwide across marine settings, however, the distribution of gas hydrate in these settings is neither ubiquitous nor uniform. This study uses sediment core and borehole related data recovered by drilling at Site 17 in the Andaman Sea during the Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 1 in 2006, to investigate reservoir-scale controls on gas hydrate distribution. In particular, this study finds that conditions beyond reservoir pressure, temperature, salinity, and gas concentration, appear to influence the concentration of gas hydrate in host sediments. Using field-generated datasets along with newly acquired sedimentology, physical property, imaging and geochemical data with mineral saturation and ion activity products of key mineral phases such as amorphous silica and calcite, we document the presence and nature of secondary precipitates that contributed to anomalous porosity preservation at Site 17 in the Andaman Sea. This study demonstrates the importance of grain-scale subsurface heterogeneities in controlling the occurrence and distribution of concentrated gas hydrate accumulations in marine sediments, and document the importance that increased permeability and enhanced porosity play in supporting gas concentrations sufficient to support gas hydrate formation. This illustrates the complex balance and lithology-driven controls on hydrate accumulations of higher concentrations and offers insights into what may control the occurrence and distribution of gas hydrate in other sedimentary settings. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rose, Kelly AU - Torres, Marta E AU - Johnson, Joel E AU - Hong, Weili AU - Giosan, Liviu AU - Solomon, Evan A AU - Kastner, Miriam AU - Cawthern, Thomas AU - Long, Phillip AU - Schaef, Todd AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract OS22B EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840621634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Preferential+accumulation+of+gas+hydrate+in+the+Andaman+accretionary+wedge+and+relationship+to+anomalous+porosity+preservation&rft.au=Rose%2C+Kelly%3BTorres%2C+Marta+E%3BJohnson%2C+Joel+E%3BHong%2C+Weili%3BGiosan%2C+Liviu%3BSolomon%2C+Evan+A%3BKastner%2C+Miriam%3BCawthern%2C+Thomas%3BLong%2C+Phillip%3BSchaef%2C+Todd%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Joint inversion of hydrological and geophysical data for enhanced reservoir characterization AN - 1840620578; 2016-096146 AB - We present two hydrogeophysical joint inversion studies that target the enhanced prediction of fluid saturations in CO (sub 2) -induced enhanced oil recovery (EOR) operations as well as sequestration. Considered are two geophysical data types. The first study involves the combination of production data with time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) data. The second combines production with seismic amplitude-versus-angle (AVA) data. The pilot point method combined with geostatistical simulation is used to generate a spatially correlated, heterogeneous permeability field that is flexibly adjustable during the joint inversion process. Both geophysical data types promise an improved prediction of the CO (sub 2) -saturation, indicating potential benefits in both EOR as well as CO (sub 2) -sequestration monitoring operations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Commer, Michael AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Zhang, Yingqi AU - Hoversten, Gary Michael AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract NS53A EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840620578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Joint+inversion+of+hydrological+and+geophysical+data+for+enhanced+reservoir+characterization&rft.au=Commer%2C+Michael%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BZhang%2C+Yingqi%3BHoversten%2C+Gary+Michael%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Commer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling of gas hydrate dissociation during the glacial-inter-glacial cycles, case study the Chatham Rise, New Zealand AN - 1840620281; 2016-096214 AB - Seafloor depressions covering an area of >20,000 km2 in the Chatham Rise, south east of New Zealand, have been interpreted as pockmarks which are related to past fluid releases. It is proposed that the seafloor depressions were caused by sudden escape of overpressured gas generated by gas hydrate dissociation during glacial sea-level lowering. We are attempting to simulate the evolution of the gas hydrate system through glacial-interglacial cycles in the study area using TOUGH-Hydrate. The Chatham Rise offers a unique opportunity for studying the effect of depressurization from sealevel lowering to gas hydrate systems because it is a bathymetric barrier preventing the Subtropical Front separating subtropical and subantarctic waters from migrating during glacial-interglacial cycles. Hence, bottom-water temperatures can be assumed to remain constant. Recent results from paleoceanographic studies however, indicate that bottom-temperature may have varied locally. These temperature changes may have a more significant effect on the shallow gas hydrate system in the study area than the relatively gradual decrease of pressure associated with sealevel lowering. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Oluwunmi, Paul AU - Pecher, Ingo Andreas AU - Archer, Rosalind AU - Moridis, George J AU - Reagan, Matthew T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract OS23B EP - 2000 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840620281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modelling+of+gas+hydrate+dissociation+during+the+glacial-inter-glacial+cycles%2C+case+study+the+Chatham+Rise%2C+New+Zealand&rft.au=Oluwunmi%2C+Paul%3BPecher%2C+Ingo+Andreas%3BArcher%2C+Rosalind%3BMoridis%2C+George+J%3BReagan%2C+Matthew+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oluwunmi&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of single- and multi-phase hydrodynamic dispersion in rocks using dynamic 3D PET imaging AN - 1840617097; 2016-093641 AB - We report results of an experimental investigation into the effects of small-scale (mm-cm) heterogeneities and hydrodynamic dispersion on miscible and immiscible displacements in a Berea Sandstone core. Pulse-radiotracer tests were carried out by measuring breakthrough curves at distinct flow rates and gas/water saturation ratios, while simultaneously imaging the internal displacement of the radioactive solution by [11C]PET. Dynamic multidimensional maps of the tracer concentration in the rock sample have been obtained with a spatial resolution of about 10 mm (super 3) and provide evidence for significant macrodispersion effects caused by the presence of heterogeneities at the same scale. The numerical solution of the classic Advection-Dispersion Equation (ADE) applied in 1D form fails to describe the measured breakthrough curves and significantly overestimates longitudinal dispersivity. An excellent agreement with the experiments is attained by explicitly accounting for permeability heterogeneity, while reducing the contribution of "Fickian" dispersivity. Heterogeneity was introduced in the model by discretising the rock sample into independent parallel streamlines, which were generated based on a previously determined 3D permeability map, and by solving the 1D ADE for each of them. The use of streamlines is supported by direct quantitative observations from the PET scans; remarkably, this approach leads to an accurate representation of both the temporal behaviour and spatial distribution of the tracer concentration in the sample. It is shown that when the length-scale of permeability variations is similar in order as the size of the sample, the effect of the former can be as significant as hydrodynamic dispersion. The presence of a second immiscible fluid phase further complicates the flow field and, accordingly, the interpretation of the experiments. The ability to decouple these effects leads to the estimation of dispersion coefficients that aren't sample specific and are therefore better suited for up-scaling fluid mixing and dispersion in rocks. In this context, PET provides significant opportunities to advance our understanding of fluids displacements in rocks, thus including complex flows that involve additional phenomena, such as adsorption and chemical reactions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pini, R AU - Vandehey, N T AU - O'Neil, J AU - Benson, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H21N EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840617097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+single-+and+multi-phase+hydrodynamic+dispersion+in+rocks+using+dynamic+3D+PET+imaging&rft.au=Pini%2C+R%3BVandehey%2C+N+T%3BO%27Neil%2C+J%3BBenson%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pini&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-dependent permeability anisotropy at the Soultz-sous-Forets geothermal site, France AN - 1840616528; 2016-093629 AB - Fluid circulation in geothermal reservoirs depends on the density, geometry, and hydraulic properties of fractures. The Soultz-sous-Forets site located in the Upper Rhine Graben in Alsace, France, consists of a granitic reservoir overlain by a 1.4 km-thick sedimentary succession. Core analysis and borehole wall imagery collected from reconnaissance well EPS1 (2230 m depth) revealed an extensive fracture network throughout the granite and overlying sediments, including both open fractures and fractures filled through mineral precipitation (primarily quartz, barite, calcite, and galena). Here we present an experimental study that aims to quantify the impact of healed or partially-healed fractures on permeability anisotropy in the Triassic Buntsandstein sandstone (1000-1400 m). We targeted borehole samples that best represent the variability of these fractures. Forty cylindrical core samples (40 mm length and 20 mm diameter) were prepared such that they contain fractures either parallel or perpendicular to their axis. We also prepared samples of the intact host rock. Porosity and permeability were measured for each core, and thin sections were made to characterise the nature of the fractures and the precipitated minerals. The low permeability of the host rock (10 (super -15) to 10 (super -17) m (super 2) ) can be explained by prevalent pore-filling clays. We found that fractures may present a conduit for or a barrier to flow, depending on the extent of healing and the nature of the filling. Crystal precipitation models, using borehole fluid composition and temperature data from Soultz, provide a timescale for crack healing. Our modelling shows that fractures that once represented effective conduits for flow may heal rapidly (on the order of months) and switch from providing conduits for flow to presenting barriers to flow, modifying the permeability anisotropy within these units. These data are important for understanding fluid flow and heat transfer within the reservoir. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Heap, Michael John AU - Griffiths, Luke AU - Wang, Fei AU - Daval, Damien AU - Gilg, H Albert AU - Baud, Patrick AU - Genter, Albert AU - Schmittbuhl, Jean AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H21L EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840616528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Time-dependent+permeability+anisotropy+at+the+Soultz-sous-Forets+geothermal+site%2C+France&rft.au=Heap%2C+Michael+John%3BGriffiths%2C+Luke%3BWang%2C+Fei%3BDaval%2C+Damien%3BGilg%2C+H+Albert%3BBaud%2C+Patrick%3BGenter%2C+Albert%3BSchmittbuhl%2C+Jean%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Heap&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stress field respond to massive injection of cold water into a geothermal reservoir study by geomechanical simulation AN - 1840614841; 2016-093649 AB - In this paper, we study the evolution and distribution of the stress tensor within the northwest part of The Geysers geothermal field during 9 years of injection (from 2003 to 2012). Based on a refined 3D structural model, developed by Calpine Corporation, where the horizon surfaces are mapped, we use the GMS (super TM) GUI to construct a realistic three-dimensional geologic model of the Northwest Geysers geothermal field. This model includes a low permeability graywacke layer that forms the caprock for the reservoir, an isothermal steam zone (the Normal Temperature Reservoir) within metagraywacke, a hornfels zone (the High Temperature Reservoir), and a felsite layer that is assumed to extend downward to the magmatic heat source. This model is mapped into a rectangular grid for use with the TOUGH-FLAC numerical simulator. Then, we reproduce the injection history of seven active wells between 2003 and 2012. Finally, our results are compared with previous works where the stress tensor was studied from the inversion of focal plane mechanism in the same area and during the same period. As in these publications we find that: (1) changes in the orientation of principal horizontal stress are very small after one decade of injection, and (2) at injection depth significant rotations of the initially vertically oriented maximum compressive principal stress occur in response to changes in the fluid injection rates. As observed in the field, we found that sigma 1 tilted towards the sigma 2 direction by approximately 15 degrees when injection rates were at their peak level. Such a rotation consequently results in a local change in the state stress from a normal stress regime (S (sub v) > S (sub Hmax) > > S (sub hmin) ) to a strike slip regime (S (sub Hmax) > S (sub v) > > S (sub hmin) ) above and below the injection zone. Our results show that thermal processes are the principal cause for the stress tensor rotation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H23A EP - 1547 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840614841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Stress+field+respond+to+massive+injection+of+cold+water+into+a+geothermal+reservoir+study+by+geomechanical+simulation&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+Pierre%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation of naturally reduced uranium in aquifer sediments by dissolved oxygen and its potential significance to uranium plume persistence AN - 1832723789; 2016-091946 AB - The occurrence of naturally reduced zones is common in alluvial aquifers in the western U.S.A. due to the burial of woody debris in flood plains. Such reduced zones are usually heterogeneously dispersed in these aquifers and characterized by high concentrations of organic carbon, reduced mineral phases, and reduced forms of metals, including uranium(IV). The persistence of high concentrations of dissolved uranium(VI) at uranium-contaminated aquifers on the Colorado Plateau has been attributed to slow oxidation of insoluble uranium(IV) mineral phases found in association with these reducing zones, although there is little understanding of the relative importance of various potential oxidants. Four field experiments were conducted within an alluvial aquifer adjacent to the Colorado River near Rifle, CO, wherein groundwater associated with the naturally reduced zones was pumped into a gas-impermeable tank, mixed with a conservative tracer (Br-), bubbled with a gas phase composed of 97% O (sub 2) and 3% CO (sub 2) , and then returned to the subsurface in the same well from which it was withdrawn. Within minutes of re-injection of the oxygenated groundwater, dissolved uranium(VI) concentrations increased from less than 1 mu M to greater than 2.5 mu M, demonstrating that oxygen can be an important oxidant for uranium in such field systems if supplied to the naturally reduced zones. Dissolved Fe(II) concentrations decreased to the detection limit, but increases in sulfate could not be detected due to high background concentrations. Changes in nitrogen species concentrations were variable. The results contrast with other laboratory and field results in which oxygen was introduced to systems containing high concentrations of mackinawite (FeS), rather than the more crystalline iron sulfides found in aged, naturally reduced zones. The flux of oxygen to the naturally reduced zones in the alluvial aquifers occurs mainly through interactions between groundwater and gas phases at the water table. Seasonal variations of the water table at the Rifle, CO site may play an important role in introducing oxygen into the system. Although oxygen was introduced directly to the naturally reduced zones in these experiments, delivery of oxidants to the system may also be controlled by other oxidative pathways in which oxygen plays an indirect role. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Davis, J A AU - Smith, R L AU - Bohlke, J K AU - Jemison, N AU - Xiang, H AU - Repert, D A AU - Yuan, X AU - Williams, K H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H33N EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Oxidation+of+naturally+reduced+uranium+in+aquifer+sediments+by+dissolved+oxygen+and+its+potential+significance+to+uranium+plume+persistence&rft.au=Davis%2C+J+A%3BSmith%2C+R+L%3BBohlke%2C+J+K%3BJemison%2C+N%3BXiang%2C+H%3BRepert%2C+D+A%3BYuan%2C+X%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supercritical CO (sub 2) dissolution and mass transfer in a heterogeneous pore network under drainage and imbibition conditions AN - 1832723769; 2016-092001 AB - Dissolution trapping of supercritical CO (sub 2) (scCO (sub 2) ) is usually modeled by assuming instantaneous scCO (sub 2) dissolution and equilibrium phase partitioning. Our recent core-scale imbibition experiments show a prolonged depletion of residual scCO (sub 2) by dissolution, implying a non-equilibrium mechanism. In our 2D sandstone-analogue micromodel experimental study, pore-scale scCO (sub 2) dissolution was inferred from imaging (1) drainage using a pH-sensitive water dye and (2) imbibition using a scCO (sub 2) dye. The drainage experiment was conducted by injecting scCO (sub 2) into the dissolved-CO (sub 2) (dsCO (sub 2) )-free water-filled pore network. The time-lapse images of non-uniform dye intensities indicating varying pH show that dsCO (sub 2) concentration varies from zero to solubility in individual pores and pore clusters and the average concentration gradually increases with time. The different rates of dissolution in different pores/clusters can be attributed to (1) fast scCO (sub 2) dissolution at scCO (sub 2) -water interfaces, (2) rate-limited mass transfer due to limited interface areas, and (3) a transition from rate-limited to diffusion-limited mass transfer, revealed by detailed analysis on selected pores and pore clusters. The imbibition experiments conducted by injecting deionized water at different rates show (1) water flow in channels bypassing scCO (sub 2) at high residual saturations, (2) subsequent, slow scCO (sub 2) depletion by dissolution and mass transfer as effluent dsCO (sub 2) concentration varies from 0.06% to 4.44% of solubility, and (3) creation of new water flow paths by dissolution, enhancing scCO (sub 2) depletion by coupled displacement and dissolution. Both the drainage and imbibitions experiments indicate non-equilibrium scCO (sub 2) dissolution in the centimeter-scale pore network over 4.5 hours and up to 14 hours, respectively. The pore-scale imaging can help better understand the effects of pore-throat characteristics on scCO (sub 2) dissolution and mass transfer during drainage and imbibition and the interplay between displacement and dissolution. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Chang, C AU - Zhou, Q AU - Oostrom, M AU - Wietsma, T W AU - Yu, Q AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H41C EP - 1311 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+dissolution+and+mass+transfer+in+a+heterogeneous+pore+network+under+drainage+and+imbibition+conditions&rft.au=Kneafsey%2C+T+J%3BChang%2C+C%3BZhou%2C+Q%3BOostrom%2C+M%3BWietsma%2C+T+W%3BYu%2C+Q%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kneafsey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in California; recommendations for permit-required monitoring AN - 1832723759; 2016-091959 AB - California recently passed legislation mandating dedicated groundwater quality monitoring for new well stimulation operations. The authors provided the State with expert advice on the design of such monitoring networks. Factors that must be considered in designing a new and unique groundwater monitoring program include: Program design: The design of a monitoring program is contingent on its purpose, which can range from detection of individual well leakage to demonstration of regional impact. The regulatory goals for permit-required monitoring conducted by operators on a well-by-well basis will differ from the scientific goals of a regional monitoring program conducted by the State. Vulnerability assessment: Identifying factors that increase the probability of transport of fluids from the hydrocarbon target zone to a protected groundwater zone enables the intensity of permit-required monitoring to be tiered by risk and also enables prioritization of regional monitoring of groundwater basins based on vulnerability. Risk factors include well integrity; proximity to existing wellbores and geologic features; wastewater disposal; vertical separation between the hydrocarbon and groundwater zones; and site-specific hydrogeology. Analyte choice: The choice of chemical analytes in a regulatory monitoring program is guided by the goals of detecting impact, assuring public safety, preventing resource degradation, and minimizing cost. Balancing these goals may be best served by a tiered approach in which targeted analysis of specific chemical additives is triggered by significant changes in relevant but more easily analyzed constituents. Such an approach requires characterization of baseline conditions, especially in areas with long histories of oil and gas development. Monitoring technology: Monitoring a deep subsurface process or a long wellbore is more challenging than monitoring a surface industrial source. The requirement for monitoring multiple groundwater aquifers across a range of depths and of monitoring at deeper depths than is typical for regulatory monitoring programs requires consideration of monitoring technology, which can range from clusters of wells to multiple wells in a single wellbore to multi-level systems in a single cased wellbore. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Esser, B K AU - Beller, H R AU - Carroll, S AU - Cherry, J A AU - Jackson, R B AU - Jordan, P D AU - Madrid, V AU - Morris, J AU - Parker, B L AU - Stringfellow, W T AU - Varadharajan, C AU - Vengosh, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H34C EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Groundwater+monitoring+of+hydraulic+fracturing+in+California%3B+recommendations+for+permit-required+monitoring&rft.au=Esser%2C+B+K%3BBeller%2C+H+R%3BCarroll%2C+S%3BCherry%2C+J+A%3BJackson%2C+R+B%3BJordan%2C+P+D%3BMadrid%2C+V%3BMorris%2C+J%3BParker%2C+B+L%3BStringfellow%2C+W+T%3BVaradharajan%2C+C%3BVengosh%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Esser&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wettability effect on capillary trapping of supercritical CO2 at pore-scale; micromodel experiment and numerical modeling AN - 1832723724; 2016-092000 AB - Wettability of reservoir minerals along pore surfaces plays a controlling role in capillary trapping of supercritical (sc) CO2 in geologic carbon sequestration. The mechanisms controlling scCO2 residual trapping are still not fully understood. We studied the effect of pore surface wettability on CO2 residual saturation at the pore-scale using engineered high pressure and high temperature micromodel (transparent pore networks) experiments and numerical modeling. Through chemical treatment of the micromodel pore surfaces, water-wet, intermediate-wet, and CO2-wet micromodels can be obtained. Both drainage and imbibition experiments were conducted at 8.5 MPa and 45 degrees C with controlled flow rate. Dynamic images of fluid-fluid displacement processes were recorded using a microscope with a CCD camera. Residual saturations were determined by analysis of late stage imbibition images of flow path structures. We performed direct numerical simulations of the full Navier-Stokes equations using a volume-of-fluid based finite-volume framework for the primary drainage and the followed imbibition for the micromodel experiments with different contact angles. The numerical simulations agreed well with our experimental observations. We found that more scCO2 can be trapped within the CO2-wet micromodel whereas lower residual scCO2 saturation occurred within the water-wet micromodels in both our experiments and the numerical simulations. These results provide direct and consistent evidence of the effect of wettability, and have important implications for scCO2 trapping in geologic carbon sequestration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hu, R AU - Wan, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H41C EP - 1310 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Wettability+effect+on+capillary+trapping+of+supercritical+CO2+at+pore-scale%3B+micromodel+experiment+and+numerical+modeling&rft.au=Hu%2C+R%3BWan%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of critical nonwetting fluid saturation in Darcy-based models of two-phase primary drainage AN - 1832723717; 2016-092039 AB - Primary drainage is the displacement of a wetting phase by a nonwetting phase where the initial condition is fully saturated with wetting phase. The typical approach to simulating this process involves the solution of coupled mass conservation equations with Darcy-based flux terms, but this method ignores the complex pore-scale processes that influence the propagation rate and shape of drainage fronts. Therefore, we explore weaknesses in the practical application of the continuum-scale Darcy approach for modeling primary drainage by comparing 1D numerical simulations to laboratory core-scale observations. The multiphase properties of cylindrical bead packs are characterized by stepped outflow experiments and standard hydrological models are used to describe water retention and relative permeability, such as van Genuchten-Mualem. Subsequently, we generate predictions of drainage front breakthrough time with Tough2 and compare them to observations of gravitationally stabilized primary drainage at low capillary number. We find that Corey's critical nonwetting saturation parameter must be used in relative permeability curves in order to match observations, and that the best-fit value is flow-rate dependent and grid-size independent. We also argue that the value of this parameter is not constrained by current experimental methods or physical arguments, and that it is an important but irreducible source of uncertainty in the standard approach to multiphase flow. This highlights the need for a scalable model that incorporates dynamic percolation thresholds with dependency on pore-scale processes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Breen, S J AU - Pride, S R AU - Manga, Michael AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H41D EP - 1349 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+role+of+critical+nonwetting+fluid+saturation+in+Darcy-based+models+of+two-phase+primary+drainage&rft.au=Breen%2C+S+J%3BPride%2C+S+R%3BManga%2C+Michael%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Breen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modification of fracture apertures by reactive multiphase flow AN - 1832723530; 2016-092003 AB - Geochemical interactions during the withdrawal/injection of fluids into the subsurface can modify fracture apertures through dissolution and/or precipitation of minerals. Modification of fracture apertures during reactive flow is strongly affected by non-reactive, non-wetting fluids that limit the fracture surface area and void volume that can be affected by reactive phases. We present results on the effect of a non-reactive, non-wetting phase during reactive flow on the distribution of precipitates and channelization caused by dissolution in fractures. Transparent acrylic casts of a fracture in Austin chalk were used to image mineral precipitation during reactive flow. Initially, the fracture was saturated with a solution of 0.6 mol/L NaHCO (sub 3) and 0.00085 mol/L NaCl. Then, both the aqueous NaHCO (sub 3) - NaCl and a solution containing 3 mol/L CaCl (sub 2) were pumped into the sample (0.5 ml/min) for 2 hrs. When the two solutions mix inside the fracture, CaCO (sub 3) precipitates form and CO (sub 2) bubbles are generated. CO (sub 2) bubbles affect the amount of precipitation. X-ray CT data show that precipitate thickness varies within the fracture, occurs on both fracture surfaces and also bridges the surfaces. In the test, where a CO (sub 2) bubble filled a void, precipitation did not occur. If the CO (sub 2) bubble was smaller than the pore, thin films of precipitates occurred on the fracture surfaces above and below the bubble. While fracture apertures controlled the mixing of the fluids, CO (sub 2) bubbles affected the thickness and distribution of the precipitates. From our numerical study, channelization in a fracture is affected by the presence of a non-wetting non-reactive phase (e.g. gas) during dissolution. A modified Navier-Stokes approach was used to calculate fluxes through spatially correlated aperture distributions as a function of gas saturation. Dissolution was taken to be proportional to flux. For gas saturations 25%, dissolution along the dominant flow path was prevented, a new dominant channel was formed and single phase flow rates decreased by a factor of 10. This work was supported by Center for Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO (sub 2) (NCGC) an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by DOE, Office of Science, BES under Award # DE-AC02-05CH11231. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Xu, Z AU - Sheets, J AU - Li, Q AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Cole, D R AU - Jun, Young-Shin AU - Pyrak-Nolte, L J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H41C EP - 1313 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modification+of+fracture+apertures+by+reactive+multiphase+flow&rft.au=Xu%2C+Z%3BSheets%2C+J%3BLi%2C+Q%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BJun%2C+Young-Shin%3BPyrak-Nolte%2C+L+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New insights into fracture evolution in rocks relevant to the geological carbon sequestration from in situ synchrotron X-ray microtomography AN - 1832723093; 2016-091999 AB - Fractured rocks rich in carbonates can be found as candidates for both reservoirs and seals of importance to GCS; however, the mechanisms involved in the evolution of the fractures are still not fully understood despite its importance for both reservoir rocks, where CO2-induced variations in aperture can significantly change injectivity, as well as seals, where feedbacks between dissolution and flow could lead to either leakage or self-sealing behavior. Two samples, a dolomite and a carbonate rich shale, were analyzed in situ using dynamic synchrotron X-ray microtomography (SXR-mu CT), flowing CO2-saturated water along a cylindrical sample ( nearly equal 3/8" diameter, nearly equal 1" height) with a single fracture along the flow direction. Experiments lasted about one week each, with a constant flow of 5 mu l/min under 1400 psi pore pressure and 1700 psi confining pressure. XR tomographic scans were taken at different time steps to monitor the evolution of the fracture characteristics. A comparison of the two systems will be presented. In both samples significant dissolution occurs during the experiment, with the development of wormholes clearly visible from segmented fracture aperture maps. Both samples develop a weathered zone on the fracture surface, but the microstructure and the extent of this weathered layer is markedly different. Effluent chemistry analysis and SEM/EDS also help to reveal some time-dependent processes (e.g. increase in the dolomite dissolution rate with time). In both the experiments the crack surfaces becomes enriched in less soluble minerals and some migration of fines is visible as well. The mobilization of clays in the shale sample is unexpectedly small. With the extent of the dissolution allowed by our experiments, no noticeable closing of the fracture due to the confining pressure is visible, and the contact area evolution is barely noticeable. Peclet and Dahmkoehler numbers for this experiments seem to suggest that the self-sealing behavior observed in prior experiments with carbonate-rich shales is not universal. A very large amount of dissolution would be needed to obtain a significant closure of the fracture. Moreover the evolution of fractures during dissolution is a complicated system where several different processes (which can also be time dependent) need to be taken into account. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Voltolini, M AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Yang, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H41C EP - 1309 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832723093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=New+insights+into+fracture+evolution+in+rocks+relevant+to+the+geological+carbon+sequestration+from+in+situ+synchrotron+X-ray+microtomography&rft.au=Voltolini%2C+M%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BYang%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Voltolini&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal evolution of soil moisture statistical fractal and controls by soil texture and regional groundwater flow AN - 1832664288; 765970-13 AB - Soil moisture statistical fractal is an important tool for downscaling remotely-sensed observations and has the potential to play a key role in multi-scale hydrologic modeling. The fractal was first introduced two decades ago, but relatively little is known regarding how its scaling exponents evolve in time in response to climatic forcings. Previous studies have neglected the process of moisture re-distribution due to regional groundwater flow. In this study we used a physically-based surface-subsurface processes model and numerical experiments to elucidate the patterns and controls of fractal temporal evolution in two U.S. Midwest basins. Groundwater flow was found to introduce large-scale spatial structure, thereby reducing the scaling exponents (tau ), which has implications for the transferability of calibrated parameters to predict tau . However, the groundwater effects depend on complex interactions with other physical controls such as soil texture and land use. The fractal scaling exponents, while in general showing a seasonal mode that correlates with mean moisture content, display hysteresis after storm events that can be divided into three phases, consistent with literature findings: (a) wetting, (b) re-organizing, and (c) dry-down. Modeling experiments clearly show that the hysteresis is attributed to soil texture, whose "patchiness" is the primary contributing factor. We generalized phenomenological rules for the impacts of rainfall, soil texture, groundwater flow, and land use on tau evolution. Grid resolution has a mild influence on the results and there is a strong correlation between predictions of tau from different resolutions. Overall, our results suggest that groundwater flow should be given more consideration in studies of the soil moisture statistical fractal, especially in regions with a shallow water table. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Ji, Xinye AU - Shen, Chaopeng AU - Riley, William J Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 155 EP - 169 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 86 IS - PART A SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - hysteresis KW - moisture KW - Process-based Adaptive Watershed Simulator KW - fluid flow KW - Upper Grand River basin KW - ground water KW - Clinton River basin KW - transport KW - Community Land Model KW - temporal distribution KW - Michigan KW - fractals KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832664288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Temporal+evolution+of+soil+moisture+statistical+fractal+and+controls+by+soil+texture+and+regional+groundwater+flow&rft.au=Ji%2C+Xinye%3BShen%2C+Chaopeng%3BRiley%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Ji&rft.aufirst=Xinye&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=PART+A&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2015.09.027 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clinton River basin; Community Land Model; experimental studies; fluid flow; fractals; ground water; hydrology; hysteresis; Michigan; moisture; Process-based Adaptive Watershed Simulator; soils; temporal distribution; transport; United States; Upper Grand River basin DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.09.027 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioinformatic Characterization of Glycyl Radical Enzyme-Associated Bacterial Microcompartments AN - 1832248251; PQ0002380997 AB - Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are proteinaceous organelles encapsulating enzymes that catalyze sequential reactions of metabolic pathways. BMCs are phylogenetically widespread; however, only a few BMCs have been experimentally characterized. Among them are the carboxysomes and the propanediol- and ethanolamine-utilizing microcompartments, which play diverse metabolic and ecological roles. The substrate of a BMC is defined by its signature enzyme. In catabolic BMCs, this enzyme typically generates an aldehyde. Recently, it was shown that the most prevalent signature enzymes encoded by BMC loci are glycyl radical enzymes, yet little is known about the function of these BMCs. Here we characterize the glycyl radical enzyme-associated microcompartment (GRM) loci using a combination of bioinformatic analyses and active-site and structural modeling to show that the GRMs comprise five subtypes. We predict distinct functions for the GRMs, including the degradation of choline, propanediol, and fuculose phosphate. This is the first family of BMCs for which identification of the signature enzyme is insufficient for predicting function. The distinct GRM functions are also reflected in differences in shell composition and apparently different assembly pathways. The GRMs are the counterparts of the vitamin B12-dependent propanediol- and ethanolamine-utilizing BMCs, which are frequently associated with virulence. This study provides a comprehensive foundation for experimental investigations of the diverse roles of GRMs. Understanding this plasticity of function within a single BMC family, including characterization of differences in permeability and assembly, can inform approaches to BMC bioengineering and the design of therapeutics. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Zarzycki, Jan AU - Erbilgin, Onur AU - Kerfeld, Cheryl A AD - << + $0, ckerfeld@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 8315 EP - 8329 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 81 IS - 24 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Phylogeny KW - Bacteria KW - Choline KW - Biodegradation KW - Enzymes KW - Plasticity KW - Virulence KW - Permeability KW - Phosphate KW - Vitamins KW - Bone mineral content KW - Metabolic pathways KW - Shells KW - Bioinformatics KW - Organelles KW - Aldehydes KW - Radicals KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832248251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Bioinformatic+Characterization+of+Glycyl+Radical+Enzyme-Associated+Bacterial+Microcompartments&rft.au=Zarzycki%2C+Jan%3BErbilgin%2C+Onur%3BKerfeld%2C+Cheryl+A&rft.aulast=Zarzycki&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=8315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02587-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 103 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Choline; Biodegradation; Enzymes; Plasticity; Virulence; Permeability; Phosphate; Vitamins; Metabolic pathways; Bone mineral content; Bioinformatics; Shells; Aldehydes; Organelles; Radicals; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02587-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining the area of review (AoR) in carbon capture and storage; a tiered, probabilistic methodology to generate risk map AN - 1828850310; 2016-086457 AB - The effects and related risks to potable aquifers due to pressure increases and brine leakage through abandoned wells is a poorly understood phenomena and a potentially significant contributor to the risk profile in Geologic Carbon Capture and Storage. Numerical models are used to investigate the evolution of brine leakage (during and post-injection) through wells located in the region where plugged and abandoned (P&A) wellbores leakage could occur. This area, termed tier 3, builds on a 3-tier methodology to define the Area of Review (AoR) proposed by Birkholzer et al. (2013). This work, in conjunction with a quantitative assessment of tier 1 AoR (an area encompassing the CO (sub 2) plume) and tier 2 AoR (an are encompassing the extent where open well-bore brine leakage could occur), will lead to a quantitative understanding of potential risks and a metric for the complete spatial extent of environmental risk in Carbon Capture and Storage. Here, we develop a probabilistic methodology to generate "risk maps" related to tier 3 AoR. The risk maps are based on the premise that the two greatest sources of uncertainty in P&A leakage are 1) the location of the unknown well with respect to the injection well and 2) the permeability of the leaky P&A (which can span over several orders of magnitude). The methodology utilizes numerical simulations and probability theory to generate spatial distributions of risk, defined with no-impact or MCL thresholds. Probabilistic risk maps can be used to provide risk-based descriptions of the AoR to inform site selection and monitoring during and post-injection. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Cihan, Abdullah AU - Siirila-Woodburn, Erica R AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51U EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828850310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Determining+the+area+of+review+%28AoR%29+in+carbon+capture+and+storage%3B+a+tiered%2C+probabilistic+methodology+to+generate+risk+map&rft.au=Cihan%2C+Abdullah%3BSiirila-Woodburn%2C+Erica+R%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cihan&rft.aufirst=Abdullah&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient Bayesian parameter estimation with implicit sampling and surrogate modeling for a vadose zone hydrological problem AN - 1828850272; 2016-086507 AB - Parameter inversion involves inferring the model parameter values based on sparse observations of some observables. To infer the posterior probability distributions of the parameters, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are typically used. However, the large number of forward simulations needed and limited computational resources limit the complexity of the hydrological model we can use in these methods. In view of this, we studied the implicit sampling (IS) method, an efficient importance sampling technique that generates samples in the high-probability region of the posterior distribution and thus reduces the number of forward simulations that we need to run. For a pilot-point inversion of a heterogeneous permeability field based on a synthetic ponded infiltration experiment simulated with TOUGH2 (a subsurface modeling code), we showed that IS with linear map provides an accurate Bayesian description of the parameterized permeability field at the pilot points with just approximately 500 forward simulations. We further studied the use of surrogate models to improve the computational efficiency of parameter inversion. We implemented two reduced-order models (ROMs) for the TOUGH2 forward model. One is based on polynomial chaos expansion (PCE), of which the coefficients are obtained using the sparse Bayesian learning technique to mitigate the "curse of dimensionality" of the PCE terms. The other model is Gaussian process regression (GPR) for which different covariance, likelihood and inference models are considered. Preliminary results indicate that ROMs constructed based on the prior parameter space perform poorly. It is thus impractical to replace this hydrological model by a ROM directly in a MCMC method. However, the IS method can work with a ROM constructed for parameters in the close vicinity of the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) estimate. We will discuss the accuracy and computational efficiency of using ROMs in the implicit sampling procedure for the hydrological problem considered. This work was supported, in part, by the U.S. Dept. of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Liu, Yaning AU - Pau, George Shu Heng AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H53D EP - 1693 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828850272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Efficient+Bayesian+parameter+estimation+with+implicit+sampling+and+surrogate+modeling+for+a+vadose+zone+hydrological+problem&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yaning%3BPau%2C+George+Shu+Heng%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yaning&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduced order modeling of multiphase flow in fractured formation AN - 1828850030; 2016-086463 JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pau, George Shu Heng AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Zhang, Yingqi AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H52B EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828850030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reduced+order+modeling+of+multiphase+flow+in+fractured+formation&rft.au=Pau%2C+George+Shu+Heng%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan%3BZhang%2C+Yingqi%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pau&rft.aufirst=George+Shu&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of reduced order models for groundwater impacts due to leaking brine or carbon dioxide AN - 1828847099; 2016-086454 AB - The National Risk Assessment Partnership has developed a suite of reduced-order models (ROMs) that can be used to predict the impact of CO2 and brine leaks on overlying aquifers. The these computationally-efficient models are based on field-scale reactive transport simulations. The ROMs reproduce the ensemble behavior of large numbers of simulations very well and thus are well-suited to applications that consider a large number of scenarios such as sensitivity analysis, risk assessment, and uncertainty analysis. In this presentation, we seek to demonstrate applicability of ROM-based ensemble analysis. We consider two questions. First, what types of decisions could these analyses support? Second, what types of aquifers could these ROMs be applied to? Four examples are presented for applying these ROMs, in ensemble mode, to supporting decisions in the early stages in a hypothetical geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration project. These decisions pertain to site selection, site characterization, monitoring network evaluation, and health impacts. In all these cases, we consider potential brine/CO (sub 2) leak rates at the base of the aquifer to be uncertain. We show that derived probabilities provide information relevant to the decision at hand. Although the ROMs were developed using site-specific data from two aquifers (the High Plains, and the unconfined, carbonate portion of the Edwards), the models accept aquifer characteristics as variable inputs and so they may have more broad applicability. Of the nine water quality metrics the ROMs can predict (pH, TDS, 4 trace metals, 3 organic compounds) we conclude that pH and TDS predictions are the most transferable to other aquifers. Guidelines are presented for determining the aquifer types for which the ROMs should be applicable. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bacon, Diana H AU - Keating, Elizabeth H AU - Carroll, Susan A AU - Mansoor, Kayyum AU - Sun, Yunwei AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Harp, Dylan R AU - Dai, Zhenzue AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51U EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828847099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Applications+of+reduced+order+models+for+groundwater+impacts+due+to+leaking+brine+or+carbon+dioxide&rft.au=Bacon%2C+Diana+H%3BKeating%2C+Elizabeth+H%3BCarroll%2C+Susan+A%3BMansoor%2C+Kayyum%3BSun%2C+Yunwei%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BHarp%2C+Dylan+R%3BDai%2C+Zhenzue%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bacon&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment and monitoring techniques for geological CO (sub 2) sequestration AN - 1828846872; 2016-086456 AB - The National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) has developed an integrated assessment model (NRAP-IAM-CS) of a carbon storage system that is able to model the full subsurface system from the reservoir to groundwater aquifers and release into the atmosphere. The approach taken uses reduced order models so that systems simulations occur rapidly, even for simulations times of hundreds to thousands of years. In that way, uncertainties of the entire system can be probed in a reasonable time period, using a Monte Carlo approach. The model presented here uses third generation NRAP ROMs that are able to realistically represent several key properties of reservoirs, wells, seals, and groundwater aquifers. Results from the NRAP-IAM-CS model are used to quantify risk profiles for selected parameter distributions of reservoir properties, seal properties, numbers of wells, well properties, thief zones, and groundwater aquifer properties. A series of risk profiles show how the risk under different storage conditions evolves over time, both during injection, in the near-term post injection period, and over the long term. In this study, the NRAP-IAM-CS was also used to investigate the importance of different parameters across the system on risk of leakage and risk of groundwater contamination, under different storage conditions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pawar, Rajesh AU - Dilmore, Robert M AU - Bromhal, Grant S AU - Guthrie, George D, Jr AU - Stauffer, Phil H AU - Chu, Shaoping AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H51U EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+and+monitoring+techniques+for+geological+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration&rft.au=Pawar%2C+Rajesh%3BDilmore%2C+Robert+M%3BBromhal%2C+Grant+S%3BGuthrie%2C+George+D%2C+Jr%3BStauffer%2C+Phil+H%3BChu%2C+Shaoping%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pawar&rft.aufirst=Rajesh&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A metal stable isotope approach to understanding uranium mobility across roll front redox boundaries AN - 1828846709; 2016-086370 AB - Sedimentary roll-front uranium (U) ore deposits are the principal source of U for nuclear fuel in the USA and an important part of the current all-of-the-above energy strategy. Mining of roll-front U ore in the USA is primarily by in situ alkaline oxidative dissolution of U minerals. There are significant environmental benefits to in situ mining including no mine tailings or radioactive dust, however, the long-term immobilization of U in the aquifer after the completion of mining remains uncertain. We have utilized the metal stable isotopes U, Se and Mo in groundwater from roll-front mines in Texas and Wyoming to quantify the aquifer redox conditions and predict the onset of U reduction after post mining aquifer restoration. Supporting information from the geochemistry of groundwater and aquifer sediments are used to understand the transport of U prior to and after in situ mining. Groundwater was collected across 4 mining units at the Rosita mine in the Texas coastal plain and 2 mining units at the Smith Ranch mine in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming. In general, the sampled waters are moderately reducing and ore zone wells contain the highest aqueous U concentrations. The lowest U concentrations occur in monitoring wells downgradient of the ore zone. (super 238) U/ (super 235) U is lowest in downgradient wells and is correlated with aqueous U concentrations. Rayleigh distillation models of the (super 238) U/ (super 235) U are consistent with U isotope fractionation factors of 1.0004-1.001, similar to lab-based studies. Based on these results we conclude that redox reactions continue to affect U distribution in the ore zone and downgradient regions. We also measured aqueous selenium isotope (delta (super 82) Se) and molybdenum isotope (delta (super 98) Mo) compositions in the Rosita groundwater. Se(VI) primarily occurs in the upgradient wells and is absent in most ore zone and downgradient wells. Rayleigh distillation models suggest reduction of Se(VI) along the groundwater flow path and when superimposed on the U isotope data Se reduction is favored over U reduction. The delta (super 98) Mo of Rosita groundwater is significantly elevated compared to the U ore and is negatively correlated with the groundwater Eh, which suggests localized strong reducing conditions capable of Mo reduction. Ongoing work will determine the Mo isotope systematics of U ores and groundwater from roll-front deposits. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Brown, S T AU - Basu, A AU - Christensen, J N AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Heikoop, J M AU - Reimus, P W AU - Maher, K AU - Weaver, K L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 1542 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+metal+stable+isotope+approach+to+understanding+uranium+mobility+across+roll+front+redox+boundaries&rft.au=Brown%2C+S+T%3BBasu%2C+A%3BChristensen%2C+J+N%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BHeikoop%2C+J+M%3BReimus%2C+P+W%3BMaher%2C+K%3BWeaver%2C+K+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium(VI) diffusion in sodium-montmorillonite at alkaline pH conditions AN - 1828846675; 2016-086376 AB - Diffusive transport of uranium(VI) in montmorillonite clay and bentonite has important implications for uranium(VI) mobility in engineered barrier systems or host rocks in high level radioactive waste repositories, and clay-rich soils and sediments in the environment. The prediction of uranium(VI) adsorption and diffusion in clay-rich media, however, is complicated by (1) the complexity of the mineralogical structure of montmorillonite, in terms of its pore-size distributions and available surface site types, and (2) the complex uranium(VI) solution speciation, which can include cationic, uncharged, and anionic complexes, depending on solution conditions. For instance, a partial or full exclusion of anions from negatively charged clay interlayer spaces could change the effective "anion-accessible" porosity and decrease the diffusive flux of these solutes under steady state conditions. In contrast, weak cation exchange reactions can result in "surface diffusion" of adsorbed cations, such as UO (sub 2) OH (super +) , in addition to diffusion in the liquid phase, resulting in greater diffusive fluxes at steady state. In order to investigate these complex interactions, we performed two, lab-scale uranium(VI) through-diffusion experiments in lightly compacted Na-montmorillonite at slightly different, alkaline pH conditions (average pH values of 8.69 and 8.87). Observed uranium(VI) diffusive fluxes were decreased by approximately an order of magnitude in comparison to a tritium tracer. This indicates a relevance of "anion exclusion" effects, the full or partial exclusion of anionic U(VI)-carbonato species from clay interlayer spaces. In addition, uranium(VI) sorption reactions were shown to be relevant in the diffusion experiments, even at alkaline pH values of around 8.7 and 8.9, where uranium(VI) sorption is low compared to other pH conditions. Despite the similarity of pH conditions, different degrees of uranium(VI) retardation were determined for the two systems. Additionally, we observed apparent kinetic limitations for uranium(VI) sorption as a function of pH, which was indicated by different varying times required to reach steady-state conditions for diffusive fluxes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tinnacher, R M AU - Davis, James A AU - Tournassat, C AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 1548 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Uranium%28VI%29+diffusion+in+sodium-montmorillonite+at+alkaline+pH+conditions&rft.au=Tinnacher%2C+R+M%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BTournassat%2C+C%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tinnacher&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen peroxide in groundwater at Rifle, Colorado AN - 1828846645; 2016-086312 AB - Hydrogen peroxide (H (sub 2) O (sub 2) ), as a reactive transient presenting ubiquitously in natural surface waters, can react with a large suite of biologically important and redox-sensitive trace elements. The dominant source of H (sub 2) O (sub 2) in natural waters has long been thought to be photo-oxidation of chromophoric dissolved organic matter by molecular oxygen to produce superoxide radical, which then proceeds via dismutation to generate H (sub 2) O (sub 2) . However, recent studies have indicated that dark production of H (sub 2) O (sub 2) in deep seawater, principally by biological production, is potentially on par with photochemical generation. Here, we present evidence for abiotic dark generation of H (sub 2) O (sub 2) in groundwater in an alluvial aquifer adjacent to the Colorado River near Rifle, CO. Background H (sub 2) O (sub 2) concentrations were determined in situ using a sensitive chemiluminescence-based method. Our results suggest H (sub 2) O (sub 2) concentrations ranged from lower than the detection limit (1 nM) to 54 nM in different monitoring wells at the site, and the concentrations exhibited close correlations with profiles of dissolved oxygen and iron concentrations in the wells, indicating a possible metal redox cycling mechanism. In addition, dissolved natural organic matter, which could potentially coordinate the interconversion of ferric and ferrous species, might also play an important role in H (sub 2) O (sub 2) formation. While biologically mediated activities have been recognized as the major sink of H (sub 2) O (sub 2) , the detected H (sub 2) O (sub 2) pattern in groundwater suggests the existence of a balance between H (sub 2) O (sub 2) source and decay, which potentially involves a cascade of biogeochemically significant processes, including the interconversion of ferrous/ferric species, the generation of more reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radical, the depletion of dissolved oxygen and further transformation of natural organic matter and other chemical pollutants. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yuan, Xiu AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Williams, Kenneth Hurst AU - Hobson, Chad AU - Davis, James A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract GC51F EP - 1152 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+peroxide+in+groundwater+at+Rifle%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Xiu%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+Hurst%3BHobson%2C+Chad%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yuan&rft.aufirst=Xiu&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field testing of downgradient uranium mobility at an in-situ recovery uranium mine AN - 1828846638; 2016-086368 AB - In-situ recovery (ISR) mining of uranium involves the injection of O (sub 2) and CO (sub 2) (or NaHCO (sub 3) ) into saturated roll-front deposits to oxidize and solubilize the uranium, which is then removed by ion exchange at the surface and processed into U (sub 3) O (sub 8) . While ISR is economical and environmentally-friendly relative to conventional mining, one of the challenges of extracting uranium by this process is that it leaves behind a geochemically-altered aquifer that is exceedingly difficult to restore to pre-mining geochemical conditions, a regulatory objective. In this research, we evaluated the ability of the aquifer downgradient of an ISR mining area to attenuate the transport of uranium and other problem constituents that are mobilized by the mining process. Such an evaluation can help inform both regulators and the mining industry as to how much restoration of the mined ore zone is necessary to achieve regulatory compliance at various distances downgradient of the mining zone even if complete restoration of the ore zone proves to be difficult or impossible. Three single-well push-pull tests and one cross-well test were conducted in which water from an unrestored, previously-mined ore zone was injected into an unmined ore zone that served as a geochemical proxy for the downgradient aquifer. In all tests, non-reactive tracers were injected with the previously-mined ore zone water to allow the transport of uranium and other constituents to be compared to that of the nonreactive species. In the single-well tests, it was shown that the recovery of uranium relative to the nonreactive tracers ranged from 12-25%, suggesting significant attenuation capacity of the aquifer. In the cross-well test, selenate, molybdate and metavanadate were injected with the unrestored water to provide information on the transport of these potentially-problematic anionic constituents. In addition to the species-specific transport information, this test provided valuable constraints on redox conditions within the system, as redox couples involving these species collectively bracket the predicted transition redox potential for the U(VI)/U(IV) couple. Reduction should provide much longer-lasting immobilization of constituents than adsorption, especially given the inherent reducing characteristics of roll-front systems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Reimus, P W AU - Clay, James T AU - Rearick, M AU - Perkins, G AU - Brown, S T AU - Basu, A AU - Chamberlain, K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 1540 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Field+testing+of+downgradient+uranium+mobility+at+an+in-situ+recovery+uranium+mine&rft.au=Reimus%2C+P+W%3BClay%2C+James+T%3BRearick%2C+M%3BPerkins%2C+G%3BBrown%2C+S+T%3BBasu%2C+A%3BChamberlain%2C+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Reimus&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clay mineralogy of an alluvial aquifer in a mountainous, semiarid terrain, an example from Rifle, Colorado AN - 1828846498; 2016-086377 AB - Alluvial sediments deposited along the Colorado River corridor in the semi-arid regions of central to western Colorado can be important hosts for legacy contamination including U, V, As and Se. These alluvial sediments host aquifers which are thought to provide important "hot spots" and "hot moments" for microbiological activity controlling organic carbon processing and fluxes in the subsurface. Relatively little is known about the clay mineralogy of these alluvial aquifers and the parent alluvial sediments in spite of the fact that they commonly include lenses of silt-clay materials. These lenses are typically more reduced than coarser grained materials, but zones of reduced and more oxidized materials are present in these alluvial aquifer sediments. The clay mineralogy of the non-reduced parent alluvial sediments of the alluvial aquifer located in Rifle, CO (USA) is composed of chlorite, smectite, illite, kaolinite and quartz. The clay mineralogy of non-reduced fine-grained materials at Rifle are composed of the same suite of minerals found in the sediments plus a vermiculite-smectite intergrade that occurs near the bottom of the aquifer near the top of the Wasatch Formation. The clay mineral assemblages of the system reflect the mineralogically immature character of the source sediments. These assemblages are consistent with sediments and soils that formed in a moderately low rainfall climate and suggestive of minimal transport of the alluvial sediments from their source areas. Chlorite, smectite, smectite-vermiculite intergrade, and illite are the likely phases involved in the sorption of organic carbon and related microbial redox transformations of metals in these sediments. Both the occurrence and abundance of chlorite, smectite-vermiculite, illite and smectite can therefore exert an important control on the contaminant fluxes and are important determinants of biogeofacies in mountainous, semiarid terrains. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Elliott, W C AU - Lim, D AU - Zaunbrecher, L K AU - Pickering, R A AU - Williams, K H AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K AU - Long, P E AU - Noel, V AU - Bargar, J AU - Qafoku, Nik P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 1549 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828846498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Clay+mineralogy+of+an+alluvial+aquifer+in+a+mountainous%2C+semiarid+terrain%2C+an+example+from+Rifle%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Elliott%2C+W+C%3BLim%2C+D%3BZaunbrecher%2C+L+K%3BPickering%2C+R+A%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BNavarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis+K%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BNoel%2C+V%3BBargar%2C+J%3BQafoku%2C+Nik+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface water-groundwater interactions as a critical component of uranium plume persistence AN - 1828845971; 2016-086374 AB - Residual contamination of soils, sediments and groundwater by uranium milling operations presents a lingering problem at former mill sites throughout the upper Colorado River Basin in the western USA. Remedial strategies predicated upon natural flushing by low uranium recharge waters have frequently failed to achieve target concentrations set by national and state regulators. Flushing times of tens of years have often yielded negligible decreases in groundwater uranium concentrations, with extrapolated trends suggesting multiple decades or longer may be required to achieve regulatory goals. The U.S. Department of Energy's Rifle, Colorado field site serves as a natural laboratory for investigating the underlying causes for uranium plume persistence, with recent studies there highlighting the important role that surface water-groundwater interactions play in sustaining uranium delivery to the aquifer. Annual snowmelt-driven increases in Colorado River discharge induce 1-2 m excursions in groundwater elevation at the Rifle site, which enables residual tailings-contaminated materials (so-called Supplemental Standards) to become hydrologically connected to the aquifer for short periods of time during peak discharge. The episodic contact between shallow groundwater and residual contamination leads to abrupt 20-fold increases in groundwater uranium concentration, which serve to seasonally replenish the plume given the location of the Supplemental Standards along the upgradient edge of the aquifer. Uranium isotope composition changes abruptly as uranium concentrations increase reflecting the contribution of a temporally distinct contaminant reservoir. The release of uranium serves to potentially replenish organic matter rich sediments located within the alluvial aquifer at downstream locations, which have been postulated to serve as a parallel contributor to plume persistence following the uptake, immobilization, and slow re-oxidation of uranium. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Williams, K H AU - Christensen, J N AU - Hobson, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 1546 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828845971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Surface+water-groundwater+interactions+as+a+critical+component+of+uranium+plume+persistence&rft.au=Williams%2C+K+H%3BChristensen%2C+J+N%3BHobson%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Headwater streams in porous landscapes; what's the contributing area? AN - 1828845896; 2016-086401 AB - Building on a long legacy of hydrogeological investigations at the Savannah River Site in the Sandhills of the Upper Coastal Plain in South Carolina, we began in 2005 a headwater-scale investigation of hillslope flow pathways, streamflow sources, and water quality responses to intensive woody biomass production. The landscape is characterized by blackwater streams flowing slowly through wide flat stream valleys, deep unconsolidated layers of sands and clays, a regional clay layer beneath Fourmile Creek that defines the lower boundary of the surficial aquifer, rolling topography with steeper slopes on the valley margins and gentle slopes elsewhere, and a sandy clay loam argillic layer within 0.2 to 1.5 m from the surface. Most water leaves headwater basins by groundwater flow, appearing as streamflow far downstream. Only at scales larger than 50 km (super 2) does average streamflow match expectations from water balances. This raises the question, what constitutes the contributing area for headwater streams in porous landscapes? Perching and interflow generation over the argillic horizon is common, but leakage through clay is rapid relative to interflow travel times, so interflow serves to shift the point of percolation downslope from the point of infiltration. Only interflow from the valley-adjacent slopes can contribute to stormflow responses. Our interflow interception trenches and maximum rise piezometer networks reveal high heterogeneity in subsurface flow paths at multiple spatial scales. Streamwater has isotopic and chemical characteristics similar to deep groundwater, but we cannot easily determine the source area for groundwater reaching the first order streams. Our observations suggest that one's view of hillslope and catchment flow processes depends on the scale, number, and frequency of observations of state variables and outputs. In some cases, less frequent or less numerous observations of fewer tracers would have yielded different inferences. The data also suggest that each hillslope encompasses an ensemble of thresholds and flow paths that vary with moisture content over space and time. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jackson, C R AU - Bitew, M M AU - Du, E AU - Griffiths, N AU - Hopp, L AU - Klaus, J AU - McDonnell, J AU - Vache, K B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H32D EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828845896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Headwater+streams+in+porous+landscapes%3B+what%27s+the+contributing+area%3F&rft.au=Jackson%2C+C+R%3BBitew%2C+M+M%3BDu%2C+E%3BGriffiths%2C+N%3BHopp%2C+L%3BKlaus%2C+J%3BMcDonnell%2C+J%3BVache%2C+K+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome-scale metabolic modeling in the simulation of field-scale uranium bioremediation AN - 1828845880; 2016-086386 AB - Coupled variably saturated flow and biogeochemical reactive transport modeling is used to improve understanding of the processes, properties, and conditions controlling uranium bio-immobilization in a field experiment where uranium-contaminated groundwater was amended with acetate and bicarbonate. The acetate stimulates indigenous microorganisms that catalyze metal reduction, including the conversion of aqueous U(VI) to solid-phase U(IV), which effectively removes uranium from solution. The initiation of the bicarbonate amendment prior to biostimulation was designed to promote U(VI) desorption that would increase the aqueous U(VI) available for bioreduction. The three-dimensional simulations were able to largely reproduce the timing and magnitude of the physical, chemical and biological responses to the acetate and bicarbonate amendment in the context of changing water table elevation and gradient. A time series of groundwater proteomic samples exhibited correlations between the most abundant Geobacter metallireducens proteins and the genome-scale metabolic model-predicted fluxes of intra-cellular reactions associated with each of those proteins. The desorption of U(VI) induced by the bicarbonate amendment led to initially higher rates of bioreduction compared to locations with minimal bicarbonate exposure. After bicarbonate amendment ceased, bioreduction continued at these locations whereas U(VI) sorption was the dominant removal mechanism at the bicarbonate-impacted sites. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yabusaki, S AU - Wilkins, M AU - Fang, Y AU - Williams, K H AU - Waichler, Scott AU - Long, P E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 1558 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828845880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Genome-scale+metabolic+modeling+in+the+simulation+of+field-scale+uranium+bioremediation&rft.au=Yabusaki%2C+S%3BWilkins%2C+M%3BFang%2C+Y%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BWaichler%2C+Scott%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yabusaki&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of U ore from a roll-front U deposit; implications of dominant U-Ti mineral for ore genesis and post solution-mining U immobilization AN - 1828845545; 2016-086369 AB - Reductive immobilization of dissolved U(VI) is an important process that gives rise to roll-front U deposits as well as offers a remediation strategy after in situ recovery (ISR) mining of roll-fronts by oxidative dissolution of the U ore. About 25% of the global and over 90% of all U resources in the United States consist of roll-front deposits. Accordingly, nearly equal 50% of global U mining and almost all current U mining in the United States is ISR mining. Therefore, it is important to identify the U immobilization pathways for an improved understanding of the U ore genesis and postmining U(VI) remediation. Here, we characterize (XRD, XRF, SEM/EDS, QEMSCAN) the U ore from a roll-front U deposit and sediments downgradient of the ore from an ISR site at Rosita, TX, USA. The dominant U mineral in Rosita U ore is brannerite (nominally U (super 4) +Ti (sub 2) O (sub 6) , up to 0.032 wt%), followed by coffinite and U-oxides. The U mineralized sand is composed of quartz (41-53%), calcite (15-30%), plagioclase (11-19%), microcline (2-9%), clinoptilolite (0.5-7%) with minor amounts of pyrite/marcasite (2-7%) and clays/micas (1-4%), and very little organic C (<0.1%). Ore zone samples contain minor amounts (<2%) of hematite, V-oxides/V-Ti-Fe-oxides and sulfidized Fe-Ti oxides with variable Fe, Ti and S ratios locally hosting low levels of U. The dominant sulfide mineral is marcasite. We observe a complex relationship between U-Ti minerals and sulfide/silicate phases where U minerals occur as inclusions, irregularly developed veins or intergrowths. Except for the U concentrations, the downgradient sediments are compositionally similar to the ore and contain abundant smectite/illite (7-45%). The predominance of brannerite implies direct reduction of U(VI) on surfaces of reduced Fe-Ti oxides as a major ore-forming mechanism. Our results reveal an as yet unidentified mechanism of ore genesis that differs from the current model that presupposes the sulfidized Fe-Ti oxides as the main reductant of U(VI). Furthermore, previous research demonstrated formation of U-Ti phases structurally similar to brannerite during reduction of U(VI) by titanomagnetites. Abundant Fe-Ti oxides in the downgradient sediments suggest that the interaction between postmining residual U(VI) and Fe-Ti oxides may play a major role in natural remediation of U at Rosita and similar ISR sites. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Brown, S T AU - Basu, A AU - Christensen, J N AU - Reimus, P W AU - Heikoop, J M AU - WoldeGabriel, G W AU - Hartmann, M AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 1541 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1828845545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+U+ore+from+a+roll-front+U+deposit%3B+implications+of+dominant+U-Ti+mineral+for+ore+genesis+and+post+solution-mining+U+immobilization&rft.au=Brown%2C+S+T%3BBasu%2C+A%3BChristensen%2C+J+N%3BReimus%2C+P+W%3BHeikoop%2C+J+M%3BWoldeGabriel%2C+G+W%3BHartmann%2C+M%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Can the carbonated layer protect wellbore cement during geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration? AN - 1824215731; 2016-082553 AB - Understanding and improving the integrity of wellbores are crucial to prevent CO (sub 2) leakage during geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration (GCS). With advanced knowledge, cement deterioration caused by injected CO (sub 2) can be minimized. We have experimentally analyzed the chemical and mechanical property changes of Portland cement paste samples after 10 days of exposure to 0.5 M NaCl brine saturated with 100 bar CO (sub 2) at 95 degrees C. After exposure, the 3 mm thick cement samples had a total CO (sub 2) -attacked depth of 1220 mu m from both sides, including a 960 mu m thick portlandite-depleted region next to the intact core, a 100 mu m thick carbonated layer, and a 170 mu m surface layer. The portlandite-depleted zone developed abundant micro-cracks and showed a decreased hardness. A hard carbonated layer which developed near the sample surface could not protect the cement due to formation of this portlandite-depleted zone, where abundant micro-cracks accounted for a 90% decrease in strength of the bulk sample. Using the reactive transport code CrunchTope, we further investigated the mechanism of portlandite-depleted zone formation. The cement deterioration process was simulated with a 1-D continuum model that captured the dissolution of the portlandite and the formation of a calcite zone closer to the sample edge. Modeling results highlighted that the apparent bypass of CO (sub 2) through the carbonated layer is critical for the evolution of the portlandite-depleted zone, since otherwise the 1-D model predicts complete clogging of the porosity. Defects within the carbonated zone could be due to reaction-induced fractures or to the heterogeneity of the cement. We also incorporated nucleation kinetics for secondary calcite precipitation using previously obtained thermodynamic parameters. We found that the nucleation energy barrier does not suppress calcite formation and thus cannot explain the absence of calcite in the portlandite-depleted zone. The findings from our study help further our understanding of CO (sub 2) attack on wellbore cement during GCS, and improve our ability to predict cement seal integrity. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Li, Q AU - Jun, Young-Shin AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H44D EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Can+the+carbonated+layer+protect+wellbore+cement+during+geologic+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration%3F&rft.au=Li%2C+Q%3BJun%2C+Young-Shin%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of advanced reactive surface area estimates for improved prediction of mineral reaction rates in porous media AN - 1824215708; 2016-082528 AB - CO (sub 2) sequestration in deep sedimentary formations is a promising means of reducing atmospheric CO (sub 2) emissions but the rate and extent of mineral trapping remains difficult to predict. Reactive transport models provide predictions of mineral trapping based on laboratory mineral reaction rates, which have been shown to have large discrepancies with field rates. This, in part, may be due to poor quantification of mineral reactive surface area in natural porous media. Common estimates of mineral reactive surface area are ad hoc and typically based on grain size, adjusted several orders of magnitude to account for surface roughness and reactivity. This results in orders of magnitude discrepancies in estimated surface areas that directly translate into orders of magnitude discrepancies in model predictions. Additionally, natural systems can be highly heterogeneous and contain abundant nano- and micro-porosity, which can limit connected porosity and access to mineral surfaces. In this study, mineral-specific accessible surface areas are computed for a sample from the reservoir formation at the Nagaoka pilot CO (sub 2) injection site (Japan). Accessible mineral surface areas are determined from a multi-scale image analysis including X-ray microCT, SEM QEMSCAN, XRD, SANS, and SEM-FIB. Powder and flow-through column laboratory experiments are performed and the evolution of solutes in the aqueous phase is tracked. Continuum-scale reactive transport models are used to evaluate the impact of reactive surface area on predictions of experimental reaction rates. Evaluated reactive surface areas include geometric and specific surface areas (e.g. BET) in addition to their reactive-site weighted counterparts. The most accurate predictions of observed powder mineral dissolution rates were obtained through use of grain-size specific surface areas computed from a BET-based correlation. Effectively, this surface area reflects the grain-fluid contact area, or accessible surface area, in the powder dissolution experiment. In the model of the flow-through column experiment, the accessible mineral surface area, computed from the multi-scale image analysis, is evaluated in addition to the traditional surface area estimates. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beckingham, L E AU - Mitnick, Elizabeth H AU - Zhang, Shuo AU - Voltolini, M AU - Yang, L AU - Steefel, C I AU - Swift, A AU - Cole, D R AU - Sheets, J AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Landrot, G AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Mito, S AU - Xue, Ziqiu AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H43K EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+advanced+reactive+surface+area+estimates+for+improved+prediction+of+mineral+reaction+rates+in+porous+media&rft.au=Beckingham%2C+L+E%3BMitnick%2C+Elizabeth+H%3BZhang%2C+Shuo%3BVoltolini%2C+M%3BYang%2C+L%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BSwift%2C+A%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BSheets%2C+J%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BLandrot%2C+G%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BMito%2C+S%3BXue%2C+Ziqiu%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beckingham&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics of interlayer ion migration in non-swelling clays; an atomic-scale study AN - 1824215597; 2016-082722 AB - Clay-rich geologic repositories serve as hosts for fossil methane reserves and as traps for contaminant radionuclides and sequestered CO (sub 2) . Despite the abundance of non-swelling clay minerals in sedimentary formations, the mechanisms of ion exchange and mass transport mediated by these minerals are not well understood. Ion exchange kinetics in collapsed clays are characterized by a long tail of slow exchange, which suggests that interlayer ions can exchange with the bulk solution. Recent High-Resolution TEM evidence suggests that Cs (super +) ion exchange K (super +) in collapsed interlayers leads to interstratified structures, where entire interlayers are completely exchanged while others remain pristine [Okamura T et al., (2005) Microscopy 6365-72]. This phenomenon could be explained by kinetic feedbacks arising when a larger ion substitutes for a smaller one, although the details of this exchange mechanism are currently unknown. We investigated the kinetics and mechanisms of interlayer cation migration in illite (K (sub 0.7) Al (sub 2) [Al (sub 0.7) Si (sub 3.3) O (sub 10) ](OH) (sub 2) ) using molecular simulations. A Monte Carlo scheme was used to distribute interlayer K ions, and these ions were found to prefer sites neighboring two or more Al (super 3+) substitutions in the tetrahedral sheets. Interlayer K (super +) ion migration between stable ditrigonal cavity sites was observed directly in molecular dynamics simulations performed at temperatures ranging from 500 K to 900 K and at constant volume. The Climbing Image Nudged Elastic Band method was used to determine the activation energy barrier on 660 K (super +) ion migration paths. Interlayer ions were observed to migrate between stable lattice sites with migration barriers of 2.35+ or -1.06 eV. Only about 20% of this variation is statistically explained by the distribution of charge deficit sites in the layer caused by Al (super 3+) substitution for Si (super 4+) . Remarkably, we find that migration barriers decrease as we increase interlayer spacing. These results suggest that frayed edge sites - local regions with larger interlayer spacing commonly caused by weathering - can help accelerate ion mobility by lowering the migration barrier in their vicinity, possibly facilitating ion interstratification in collapsed clays. We discuss the limitations of our molecular simulations and how we may overcome them using electronic structure methods. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lammers, Laura Nielsen AU - Kolluri, Kedamath AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR52A EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Kinetics+of+interlayer+ion+migration+in+non-swelling+clays%3B+an+atomic-scale+study&rft.au=Lammers%2C+Laura+Nielsen%3BKolluri%2C+Kedamath%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lammers&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A geochemical framework for evaluating shale-hydraulic fracture fluid interactions AN - 1824215569; 2016-082633 AB - The development of shale oil and gas reservoirs has increased dramatically due to the application of hydraulic fracturing techniques. Fracture fluids contain dissolved oxygen and numerous chemical additives that are out of equilibrium with the reducing conditions in shale reservoirs and could react extensively with shale minerals and alter porosity. Yet, the complex dissolution-precipitation reactions in shales along with the poorly constrained characteristics of many fracture fluid additives hinder predictive modeling based on established reaction kinetics and thermodynamic constants. Here, we are developing a reaction framework to better predict reaction progress and porosity evolution upon exposure of shales to hydraulic fracturing fluids. To this end, the reactive transport model CrunchFlow was applied to the results of batch reactor experiments containing shales of different mineralogical and organic compositions exposed to simulated fracturing fluid. Despite relatively good agreement between modeled and experimental data for pH and aqueous Ca concentrations, which are strongly governed by carbonate dissolution, the model is presently unable to reproduce observed trends in aqueous Fe concentration. This is largely attributable to the dearth of thermodynamic data for certain fracture fluid components and the complex interactions between multiple Fe-bearing mineral phases. Experimental results revealed that the presence of organic fracture fluid components strongly influenced the precipitation of Fe-bearing phases, which are speculated to coat fracture fluid polymers that formed in the reactors. The incorporation of these effects in our reactive transport model will permit improved prediction of reservoir permeability evolution and metal release during hydraulic fracturing operations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Harrison, Anna L AU - Jew, Adam D AU - Dustin, Megan Kathleen AU - Joe-Wong, Claresta M AU - Thomas, Dana AU - Maher, Katherine AU - Brown, Gordon E AU - Bargar, John AU - Bill, Maekus AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR41C EP - 2646 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+geochemical+framework+for+evaluating+shale-hydraulic+fracture+fluid+interactions&rft.au=Harrison%2C+Anna+L%3BJew%2C+Adam+D%3BDustin%2C+Megan+Kathleen%3BJoe-Wong%2C+Claresta+M%3BThomas%2C+Dana%3BMaher%2C+Katherine%3BBrown%2C+Gordon+E%3BBargar%2C+John%3BBill%2C+Maekus%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using combined X-ray computed tomography and acoustic resonance to understand supercritical CO (sub 2) behavior in fractured sandstone AN - 1824215519; 2016-082529 AB - Distribution of supercritical (sc) CO (sub 2) has a large impact on its flow behavior as well as on the properties of seismic waves used for monitoring. Simultaneous imaging of scCO (sub 2) distribution in a rock core using X-ray computed tomography (CT) and measurements of seismic waves in the laboratory can help understand how the distribution evolves as scCO (sub 2) invades through rock, and the resulting seismic signatures. To this end, we performed a series of laboratory scCO (sub 2) core-flood experiments in intact and fractured anisotropic Carbon Tan sandstone samples. In these experiments, we monitored changes in the CO (sub 2) saturation distribution and sonic-frequency acoustic resonances (yielding both seismic velocity and attenuation) over the course of the floods. A short-core resonant bar test system (Split-Hopkinson Resonant Bar Apparatus) custom fit into a long X-ray transparent pressure vessel was used for the seismic measurements, and a modified General Electric medical CT scanner was used to acquire X-ray CT data from which scCO (sub 2) saturation distributions were determined. The focus of the experiments was on the impact of single fractures on the scCO (sub 2) distribution and the seismic properties. For this reason, we examined several cases including 1. intact, 2. a closely mated fracture along the core axis, 3. a sheared fracture along the core axis (both vertical and horizontal for examining the buoyancy effect), and 4. a sheared fracture perpendicular to the core axis. For the intact and closely mated fractured cores, Young's modulus declined with increasing CO (sub 2) saturation, and attenuation increased up to about 15% CO (sub 2) saturation after which attenuation declined. For cores having wide axial fractures, the Young's modulus was lower than for the intact and closely mated cases, however did not change much with CO (sub 2) pore saturation. Much lower CO (sub 2) pore saturations were achieved in these cases. Attenuation increased more rapidly however than for the intact sample. For the core-perpendicular fracture, the Young's modulus decreased quickly with increasing CO (sub 2) saturation. Attenuation increased with increasing CO (sub 2) saturation until the CO (sub 2) front reached the fracture, after which it fell to below that for the brine-saturated case, increasing again as the CO (sub 2) invaded the downstream core region. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Nakagawa, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H43L EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+combined+X-ray+computed+tomography+and+acoustic+resonance+to+understand+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+behavior+in+fractured+sandstone&rft.au=Kneafsey%2C+T+J%3BNakagawa%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kneafsey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-scale X-ray microtomography imaging of immiscible fluids after imbibition AN - 1824215478; 2016-082526 AB - A major issue for CO (sub 2) storage security is the efficiency and long-term reliability of the trapping mechanisms occurring in the reservoir where CO (sub 2) is injected. Residual trapping is one of the key processes for storage security beyond the primary stratigraphic seal. Although classical conceptual models of residual fluid trapping assume that disconnected ganglia are permanently immobilized, multiple mechanisms exist which could allow the remobilization of residually trapped CO (sub 2) . The aim of this study is to quantify fluid phases saturation, connectivity and morphology after imbibition using x-ray microtomography in order to evaluate potential changes in droplets organization due to differences in capillary pressure between disconnected ganglia. Particular emphasis is placed on the effect of image resolution. Synchrotron-based x-ray microtomographic datasets of air-water spontaneous imbibition were acquired in sintered glass beads and sandstone samples with voxel sizes varying from 0.64 to 4.44 mu m. The results show that for both sandstones the residual air phase is homogeneously distributed within the entire pore space and consists of disconnected clusters of multiple sizes and morphologies. The multi-scale analysis of subsamples of few pores and throats imaged at the same location of the sample reveals significant variations in the estimation of connectivity, size and shape of the fluid phases. This is particularly noticeable when comparing the results from the images with voxel sizes above 1 mu m with the results from the images acquired with voxel sizes below 1 mu m. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Garing, C AU - de Chalendar, Jacques AU - Voltolini, M AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Benson, S M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H43K EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multi-scale+X-ray+microtomography+imaging+of+immiscible+fluids+after+imbibition&rft.au=Garing%2C+C%3Bde+Chalendar%2C+Jacques%3BVoltolini%2C+M%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BBenson%2C+S+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Garing&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactivity of dissolved- vs. supercritical-CO (sub 2) phase toward muscovite basal surfaces AN - 1824215398; 2016-082551 AB - The current understanding of geochemical reactions in reservoirs for geological carbon sequestration (GCS) is largely based on aqueous chemistry (CO (sub 2) dissolves in reservoir brine and brine reacts with rocks). However, only a portion of the injected supercritical (sc) CO (sub 2) dissolves before the buoyant plume contacts caprock, where it is expected to reside for a long time. Although numerous studies have addressed scCO (sub 2) -mineral reactions occurring within adsorbed aqueous films, possible reactions resulting from direct CO (sub 2) -rock contact remain less understood. Does CO (sub 2) as a supercritical phase react with reservoir rocks? Do mineral react differently with scCO (sub 2) than with dissolved CO (sub 2) ? We selected muscovite, one of the more stable and common rock-forming silicate minerals, to react with scCO (sub 2) phase (both water-saturated and water-free) and compared with CO (sub 2) -saturated-brine. The reacted basal surfaces were analyzed using atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for examining the changes in surface morphology and chemistry. The results show that scCO (sub 2) (regardless of its water content) altered muscovite considerably more than CO (sub 2) -saturated brine; suggest CO (sub 2) diffusion into mica interlayers and localized mica dissolution into scCO (sub 2) phase. The mechanisms underlying these observations and their implications for GCS need further exploration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wan, J AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Kim, Y AU - Wang, Shibo AU - Altoe, Maria V P AU - Ashby, Paul D AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H44D EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reactivity+of+dissolved-+vs.+supercritical-CO+%28sub+2%29+phase+toward+muscovite+basal+surfaces&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BKim%2C+Y%3BWang%2C+Shibo%3BAltoe%2C+Maria+V+P%3BAshby%2C+Paul+D%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating the evolution of fracture surface alteration exposed to CO (sub 2) -acidified brine AN - 1824215366; 2016-082549 AB - Understanding the flow, transport, and reaction in fractures and the evolution of fracture geometries as a result of geochemical reactions is especially relevant to geologic carbon storage. Both natural and injection-induced fractures may be abundant and thus control fluid migration in the subsurface. A second effect is that the development of low pH fluid as the CO (sub 2) dissolves into the native brine can alter fracture geometries and thus dominant flow pathways substantially over relatively short time scales, particularly when rapidly-reacting carbonate minerals are present. Existing experimental studies performed under conditions relevant to geologic carbon storage have shown complex dissolution patterns, which depend on the flow regimes and spatial distributions of reactive minerals. One of the dissolution patterns observed is the formation of a porous altered layer in the near-fracture region that is created by preferential dissolution of a reactive phase (e.g. calcite) dispersed in the rock matrix. However, there is still a lack of predictive understanding of this phenomenon and an even more limited ability to predict how the altered layer may influence subsequent evolution of the fracture. In this study, we present a reactive transport model that captures and predicts the development of the altered layer when the fracture surfaces are exposed to CO (sub 2) -acidified brine. The model explicitly accounts for permeability heterogeneity caused by initial fracture aperture variations, and updates fracture apertures and the porosity of rock matrix in the near-fracture region based on local reactions. The simulation results lend important insights into the factors that control the evolution of the spatial distribution and thickness of the altered layer. This altered layer in turn affects flow distribution in the fracture and formation of preferential flow channels. It also has an impact on the mass transport between the fracture and the rock matrix, the accessibility of reactive minerals, and the reactions that take place subsequently. Furthermore, the model provides valuable information for future studies on how the altered layer will affect fracture geomechanical properties and the responses of the altered fractures to confining pressures that are often present in the deep subsurface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Deng, Hang AU - Steefel, C I AU - Molins, S AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Voltolini, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H44D EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Simulating+the+evolution+of+fracture+surface+alteration+exposed+to+CO+%28sub+2%29+-acidified+brine&rft.au=Deng%2C+Hang%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BMolins%2C+S%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BVoltolini%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Deng&rft.aufirst=Hang&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupling stress and reactive transport in fractures; effects on contacting asperities, permeability and stiffness AN - 1824215363; 2016-082525 AB - The permeability and geomechanical stability of fractured rock can be altered by reactive flow that induces mineral dissolution and/or precipitation. Understanding the coupling of geochemical and geomechanical processes is critical for predicting and identifying leakage pathways for environmentally-relevant fluids in the subsurface. This study couples a two-dimensional reactive transport model with a mechanical deformation model to simulate reaction, flow and deformation in a fractured carbonate rock under subsurface confining pressures. The fracture is represented as a homogenous calcite material subjected to high-pressure reactive CO (sub 2) -acidified brine, and the dissolution reaction is modeled to be kinetically-limited by carbonic acid. Initial conditions for the simulations were based on fractured Indiana Limestone geometries obtained from xCT data. Simulation of reactive flow results in the enlargement of apertures and reduction in contact area along preferential flow paths, while apertures outside these channelized flow paths remain relatively unchanged. At high confining pressures, contact area occurred mainly in regions where channelization did not occur, resulting in a two- to three-fold reduction in the fracture specific stiffness. Moreover, at high confining stresses, channelized regions were preserved, enabling permeability to remain relatively unchanged compared to non-channelized regions, which in contrast showed an order of magnitude decrease in permeability when stressed. These simulations suggest that differences in dissolution patterns can lead to significant variations in fracture permeability and stiffness when subject to subsurface confining stresses. This work has important applications for geologic carbon sequestration, natural gas storage, hydraulic fracturing, geothermal energy and deep well injection of hazardous waste. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Spokas, K AU - Peters, C A AU - Pyrak-Nolte, L J AU - Morris, J AU - Fitts, J P AU - Deng, H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H43K EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Coupling+stress+and+reactive+transport+in+fractures%3B+effects+on+contacting+asperities%2C+permeability+and+stiffness&rft.au=Spokas%2C+K%3BPeters%2C+C+A%3BPyrak-Nolte%2C+L+J%3BMorris%2C+J%3BFitts%2C+J+P%3BDeng%2C+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Spokas&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and numerical simulation of water vapor adsorption and diffusion in shale grains AN - 1824214617; 2016-082652 AB - Advances in deep horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing have lead to large increases in production from unconventional shale gas reservoirs. Despite the success of this technology, uncertainties associated with basic transport processes require understanding in order to improve efficiency and minimize environmental impacts. The hydraulic fracturing process introduces large volumes of water into shale gas reservoirs. Most of the fracturing water remains in reservoirs to interfere with gas production. The quantification of the amount of water retained in shale gas reservoirs is crucial for predicting gas shale formation productivity and for optimizing extraction conditions. In this study, water vapor adsorption isotherms were gravimetrically measured on granular fractions of Woodford formation shales sieved after crushing. The isotherms were obtained at 30 degrees C and 50 degrees C, for relative humidities from 11.1% to 97.0%. Water adsorption in these shale grains conformed to the type II isotherm, and were nearly identical for the two experimental temperatures. In order to better understand the isotherms, a computational model based on the Maxwell-Stefan Diffusion equations (MSDM) was constructed to analyze the water adsorption and gas diffusion in shale grains. Based on the experimental results, the Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) isotherm model for gas adsorption was included in the model. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Shen, Weijun AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Cihan, Abdullah AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR41C EP - 2665 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824214617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+numerical+simulation+of+water+vapor+adsorption+and+diffusion+in+shale+grains&rft.au=Shen%2C+Weijun%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BCihan%2C+Abdullah%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=Weijun&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geomechanical simulation of the stress tensor rotation caused by injection of cold water in a deep geothermal reservoir AN - 1824214335; 2016-084674 AB - We present a three-dimensional thermohydromechanical numerical study of the evolution and distribution of the stress tensor within the northwest part of The Geysers geothermal reservoir (in California), including a detailed study of the region around one injection well from 2003 to 2012. Initially, after imposing a normal faulting stress regime, we calculated local changes in the stress regime around injection wells. Our results were compared with previously published studies in which the stress state was inferred from inverting the focal plane mechanism of seismic events. Our main finding is that changes in stress tensor orientation are caused by injection-induced progressive cooling of the reservoir, as well as by the seasonal variations in injection rate. Because of the gravity flow and cooling around a liquid zone formed by the injection, the vertical stress reduction is larger and propagates far below the injection well. At the same time, the horizontal stress increases, mostly because of stress redistribution below and above the cooling area. These two phenomena cause the rotation of the stress tensor and the appearance of a strike-slip regime above, inside, and below the cooling area. The cooling and the associated rotation of the stress regime can play a significant role in the observed long-term deepening of the microseismicity below active injection wells. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Walters, Mark AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Borgia, Andrea Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 8422 EP - 8438 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 120 IS - 12 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - United States KW - orientation KW - monitoring KW - well stimulation KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - stress KW - injection KW - mechanical properties KW - strike-slip faults KW - simulation KW - California KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - The Geysers KW - seismicity KW - induced earthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - 19:Seismology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824214335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Geomechanical+simulation+of+the+stress+tensor+rotation+caused+by+injection+of+cold+water+in+a+deep+geothermal+reservoir&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+Pierre%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BGarcia%2C+Julio%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BBorgia%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=8422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JB012414 L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-9356/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; earthquakes; faults; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; induced earthquakes; injection; mechanical properties; monitoring; numerical models; orientation; seismicity; simulation; stress; strike-slip faults; The Geysers; three-dimensional models; United States; well stimulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012414 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using noble gas tracers to estimate CO (sub 2) saturation in the field; results from the 2014 CO2CRC otway repeat residual saturation test AN - 1819897700; 2016-078391 AB - Residual trapping efficiency is a critical parameter in the design of secure subsurface CO2 storage. Residual saturation is also a key parameter in oil and gas production when a field is under consideration for enhanced oil recovery. Tracers are an important tool that can be used to estimate saturation in field tests. A series of measurements of CO2 saturation in an aquifer were undertaken as part of the Otway stage 2B extension field project in Dec. 2014. These tests were a repeat of similar tests in the same well in 2011 with improvements to the data collection and handling method. Two single-well tracer tests using noble gas tracers were conducted. In the first test krypton and xenon are injected into the water-saturated formation to establish dispersivity of the tracers in single-phase flow. Near-residual CO2 saturation is then established near the well. In the second test krypton and xenon are injected with CO2-saturated water to measure the final CO2 saturation. The recovery rate of the tracers is similar to predicted rates using recently published partitioning coefficients. Due to technical difficulties, there was mobile CO2 in the reservoir throughout the second tracer test in 2014. As a consequence, it is necessary to use a variation of the previous simulation procedure to interpret the second tracer test. One-dimensional, radial simulations are used to estimate average saturation of CO2 near the well. Estimates of final average CO2 saturation are computed using two relative permeability models, thermal and isothermal simulations, and three sets of coefficients for the partitioning of the tracers between phases. Four of the partitioning coefficients used were not previously available in the literature. The noble gas tracer field test and analysis of the 2011 and 2014 data both give an average CO2 saturation that is consistent with other field measurements. This study has demonstrated the repeatability of the methodology for noble gas tracer tests in the field. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - LaForce, Tara AU - Ennis-King, Jonathan AU - Boreham, Chris AU - Serno, Sascha AU - Cook, P J AU - Freifeld, B M AU - Gilfillan, Stuart AU - Jarrett, Amber AU - Johnson, G AU - Myers, Matt AU - Paterson, Lincoln AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H24C EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+noble+gas+tracers+to+estimate+CO+%28sub+2%29+saturation+in+the+field%3B+results+from+the+2014+CO2CRC+otway+repeat+residual+saturation+test&rft.au=LaForce%2C+Tara%3BEnnis-King%2C+Jonathan%3BBoreham%2C+Chris%3BSerno%2C+Sascha%3BCook%2C+P+J%3BFreifeld%2C+B+M%3BGilfillan%2C+Stuart%3BJarrett%2C+Amber%3BJohnson%2C+G%3BMyers%2C+Matt%3BPaterson%2C+Lincoln%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=LaForce&rft.aufirst=Tara&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compressed air energy storage in depleted natural gas reservoirs; effects of porous media and gas mixing AN - 1819897678; 2016-078371 AB - Although large opportunities exist for compressed air energy storage (CAES) in aquifers and depleted natural gas reservoirs, only two grid-scale CAES facilities exist worldwide, both in salt caverns. As such, experience with CAES in porous media, what we call PM-CAES, is lacking and we have relied on modeling to elucidate PM-CAES processes. PM-CAES operates similarly to cavern CAES. Specifically, working gas (air) is injected through well(s) into the reservoir compressing the cushion gas (existing air in the reservoir). During energy recovery, high-pressure air from the reservoir flows first into a recuperator, then into an expander, and subsequently is mixed with fuel in a combustion turbine to produce electricity, thereby reducing compression costs. Energy storage in porous media is complicated by the solid matrix grains which provide resistance to flow (via permeability in Darcy's law); in the cap rock, low-permeability matrix provides the seal to the reservoir. The solid grains also provide storage capacity for heat that might arise from compression, viscous flow effects, or chemical reactions. The storage of energy in PM-CAES occurs variably across pressure gradients in the formation, while the solid grains of the matrix can release/store heat. Residual liquid (i.e., formation fluids) affects flow and can cause watering out at the production well(s). PG&E is researching a potential 300 MW (for ten hours) PM-CAES facility in a depleted gas reservoir near Lodi, California. Special considerations exist for depleted natural gas reservoirs because of mixing effects which can lead to undesirable residual methane (CH (sub 4) ) entrainment and reactions of oxygen and CH (sub 4) . One strategy for avoiding extensive mixing of working gas (air) with reservoir CH (sub 4) is to inject an initial cushion gas with reduced oxygen concentration providing a buffer between the working gas (air) and the residual CH (sub 4) gas. This reduces the potential mixing of the working air with the residual CH (sub 4) . Compositional simulations of this approach using TOUGH2 with a detailed 3D model of the PG&E test reservoir show the pre-conditioning approach is effective at decreasing CH (sub 4) entrainment and oxygen mixing. Acknowledgment: We thank Joe Chan (PG&E), Jim Fairchild (Fairchild & Assoc.), and Charlie Stinson (CS Energy Ventures) for support and collaboration. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H23K EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897678?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Compressed+air+energy+storage+in+depleted+natural+gas+reservoirs%3B+effects+of+porous+media+and+gas+mixing&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BPan%2C+Lehua%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating flow properties from the onset of time-lapse changes AN - 1819897443; 2016-078390 AB - Geophysical time-lapse observations are increasingly important for monitoring subsurface fluid flow. Time-lapse data can even be used to characterize spatial variations in the properties of a porous medium. A major impediment to such characterization is the difficulty in connecting flow-related changes to changes geophysical properties. For example, physical models used to relate changes in fluid saturation and pressure to seismic velocity changes often depend upon unknown parameters, or on the detailed distribution of the fluid at intermediate spatial scales. The challenge is particularly acute when one tries to relate the magnitudes of saturation and pressure changes to the magnitude of a change in a time-lapse observation. I present an alternative approach for the characterization of a porous medium, based upon the onset of changes of a geophysical attribute, that is applicable when there are a sequence of geophysical surveys. An onset time is the calendar time as which a geophysical observable begins to deviate from its initial or background value. In many cases onset times are sensitive to flow properties, such as permeability, and insensitive to the details of the physical model governing the geophysical response. Several examples of the use of onset times will be presented, including the seismic monitoring of injected carbon dioxide and the use of surface deformation data to image fluid flow at depth. Though the technique works best when there are numerous geophysical snapshots, numerical modeling indicates useful results are possible from yearly seismic surveys. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vasco, D W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H24C EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Estimating+flow+properties+from+the+onset+of+time-lapse+changes&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation and restacking of disordered smectite osmotic hydrates AN - 1819897274; 2016-081497 AB - Clay swelling, an important phenomenon in natural systems, can dramatically affect the properties of soils and sediments. Of particular interest in low-salinity, saturated systems are osmotic hydrates, forms of smectite in which the layer separation greatly exceeds the thickness of a single smectite layer due to the intercalation of water. In situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies have shown a strong link between ionic strength and average interlayer spacing in osmotic hydrates but also indicate the presence of structural disorder that has not been fully described. In the present study the structural state of expanded smectite in sodium chloride solutions was investigated by combining very low electron dose, high-resolution cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy observations with XRD experiments. Wyoming smectite (SWy-2) was embedded in vitreous ice to evaluate clay structure in aqua Lattice-fringe images showed that smectite equilibrated in aqueous, low-ionic-strength solutions, exists as individual smectite layers, osmotic hydrates composed of parallel layers, as well as disordered layer conformations. No evidence was found here for edge-to-sheet attractions, but significant variability in interlayer spacing was observed. Whether this variation could be explained by a dependence of the magnitude of long-range cohesive (van der Waals) forces on the number of layers in a smectite particle was investigated here. Calculations of the Hamaker constant for layer-layer interactions showed that van der Waals forces may span at least five layers plus the intervening water and confirmed that forces vary with layer number. Drying of the disordered osmotic hydrates induced re-aggregation of the smectite to form particles that exhibited coherent scattering domains. Clay disaggregation and restacking may be considered as an example of oriented attachment, with the unusual distinction that it may be cycled repeatedly by changing solution conditions. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Comolli, Luis R AU - Tinnacher, Ruth M AU - Kunz, Martin AU - Banfield, Jillian F Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 432 EP - 442 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Chantilly, VA VL - 63 IS - 6 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - osmosis KW - hydrates KW - sodium chloride KW - experimental studies KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - clay mineralogy KW - smectite KW - electron microscopy data KW - TEM data KW - order-disorder KW - clay minerals KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - geochemistry KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Formation+and+restacking+of+disordered+smectite+osmotic+hydrates&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BComolli%2C+Luis+R%3BTinnacher%2C+Ruth+M%3BKunz%2C+Martin%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2015.0630602 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Clay Minerals Society | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical properties; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; geochemistry; hydrates; order-disorder; osmosis; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; sodium chloride; TEM data; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2015.0630602 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of hydraulic fracturing in California; an overview of a comprehensive science assessment AN - 1819897140; 2016-078440 AB - In 2013, California's Senate Bill 4 required an independent science study to assess current and potential future hydraulic fracturing practices in California, and to evaluate potential impacts on water, air, seismicity, ecological systems, and health. The study, completed in July 2015, found that hydraulic fracturing currently supports about one quarter of California's oil production, and is expected to continue to do so in the near future. California's experience with hydraulic fracturing differs from that in other states because operators mostly conduct relatively shallow stimulations in relatively high-permeability reservoirs. The upside of this is that operations use relatively little water, but the downside is that in a few locations, fractures could extend into protected groundwater. The study also found that direct impacts of hydraulic fracturing appear small but have not been fully investigated in California. These direct impacts all stem from the use of stimulation chemicals and the study calls for precautionary limits on chemical use. Indirect impacts, which are not directly attributable to the stimulation activity but rather caused by oil and gas production enabled by stimulation, are likely more important. For example, underground injection of produced water from a hydraulically fractured reservoir causes problems common to all oil and gas production, such as the risk of inducing an earthquake or causing groundwater contamination. To date, there have been no reported cases of induced seismicity associated with produced water injection in California. However, it is difficult to distinguish California's frequent natural earthquakes from those possibly caused by water injection. California also disposes of produced water from all oil and gas production in percolation ponds and injects some of this water into protected aquifers. These are serious issues, often tagged to hydraulic fracturing but actually common to all oil and gas production. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Long, Jane C S AU - Feinstein, Laura AU - Stringfellow, William T AU - Jordan, Preston D AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Foxall, William AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Houseworth, James E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31E EP - 1462 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819897140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+hydraulic+fracturing+in+California%3B+an+overview+of+a+comprehensive+science+assessment&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BLong%2C+Jane+C+S%3BFeinstein%2C+Laura%3BStringfellow%2C+William+T%3BJordan%2C+Preston+D%3BVaradharajan%2C+Charuleka%3BFoxall%2C+William%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BHouseworth%2C+James+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment process requirements for waters containing hydraulic fracturing chemicals AN - 1819896666; 2016-078441 AB - A wide variety of chemical additives are used as part of the hydraulic fracturing (HyF) process. There is concern that HyF chemicals will be released into the environment and contaminate drinking water, agricultural water, or other water used for beneficial purposes. There is also interest in using produced water (water extracted from the subsurface during oil and gas production) for irrigation and other beneficial purposes, especially in the arid Southwest US. Reuse of produced water is not speculative: produced water can be low in salts and is being used in California for irrigation after minimal treatment. In this study, we identified chemicals that are used for hydraulic fracturing in California and conducted an analysis to determine if those chemicals would be removed by a variety of technically available treatment processes, including oil/water separation, air stripping, a variety of sorption media, advanced oxidation, biological treatment, and a variety of membrane treatment systems. The approach taken was to establish major physiochemical properties for individual chemicals (log Koc, Henry's constant, biodegradability, etc.), group chemicals by function (e.g corrosion inhibition, biocides), and use those properties to predict the fate of chemical additives in a treatment process. Results from this analysis is interpreted in the context of what is known about existing systems for the treatment of produced water before beneficial reuse, which includes a range of treatment systems from oil/water separators (the most common treatment) to sophisticated treatment trains used for purifying produced water for groundwater recharge. The results show that most HyF chemical additives will not be removed in existing treatment systems, but that more sophisticated treatment trains can be designed to remove additives before beneficial reuse. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Stringfellow, William T AU - Camarillo, Mary Kay AU - Domen, Jeremy K AU - Sandelin, Whitney AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Cooley, Heather AU - Jordan, Preston D AU - Heberger, Matthew G AU - Reagan, Matthew T AU - Houseworth, James E AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H31E EP - 1463 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819896666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Treatment+process+requirements+for+waters+containing+hydraulic+fracturing+chemicals&rft.au=Stringfellow%2C+William+T%3BCamarillo%2C+Mary+Kay%3BDomen%2C+Jeremy+K%3BSandelin%2C+Whitney%3BVaradharajan%2C+Charuleka%3BCooley%2C+Heather%3BJordan%2C+Preston+D%3BHeberger%2C+Matthew+G%3BReagan%2C+Matthew+T%3BHouseworth%2C+James+E%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stringfellow&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining and quantifying specific sources of light alkane AN - 1819894100; 2016-080175 AB - Determining and quantifying specific sources of emission of methane (an important greenhouse gas) and light alkanes from abandoned gas and oil wells, hydraulic fracturing or associated with CO (sub 2) sequestration are a challenge in determining their contribution to the atmospheric greenhouse gas budget or to identify source of groundwater contamination. Here, we review organic biogeochemistry proprieties and isotopic fingerprinting of C1-C5 alkanes to address this problem. For instance, the concentration ratios of CH (sub 4) to C2-C5 alkanes can be used to distinguish between thermogenic and microbial generated CH (sub 4) . Together C and H isotopes of CH (sub 4) are used to differentiate bacterial generated sources and thermogenic CH (sub 4) and may also identify processes such as alteration and source mixing. Carbon isotope ratios pattern of C1-C5 alkanes highlight sources and oxidation processes in the gas reservoirs. Stable carbon isotope measurements are a viable tool for monitoring the degradation progress of methane and light hydrocarbons. The carbon isotope ratios of the reactants and products are independent of the concentration and only depend on the relative progress of the particular reaction. Oxidation/degradation of light alkanes are typically associated with increasing delta (super 13) C values. Isotopic mass balances offer the possibility to independently determine the fractions coming from microbial versus thermogenic and would also permit differentiation of the isotope fractionations associated with degradation. Unlike conventional concentration measurements, this approach is constrained by the different isotopic signatures of various sources and sinks. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bill, Markus AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H11B EP - 1328 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819894100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Determining+and+quantifying+specific+sources+of+light+alkane&rft.au=Bill%2C+Markus%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bill&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil hydrodynamic parameter determination using Ground-Penetrating Radar monitoring AN - 1819893911; 2016-080228 AB - Soil hydraulic properties, represented by the soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions, dictate water flow in the vadose zone, from surface to aquifers. Understanding the water flow dynamic has important implications for estimating available water resources and flood forecasting. It is also crucial in evaluating the dynamics of chemical pollutants in soil and in assessing the risks of groundwater pollution. Ground Penetrating Radar is a geophysical method particularly suited to measure contrasts of electromagnetic parameters such as those created by water content variations in soils. We developed coupled hydrodynamic and electromagnetic numerical modeling to invert the two way travel times associated with reflections corresponding to strong dielectric permittivity contrasts such as wetting front and wetting bulb. We will present three different techniques using Ground Penetrating Radar monitoring: one using a single ring infiltrometer, an other one using shallow boreholes and the last one being a laboratory large cylindrical tank in which we applied different water table levels. We used the parametrical Mualem-van Genuchten model to fit soil-water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions. Using Ground Penetrating Radar data inversion, we optimized the Mualem-van Genuchten parameters using Shuffled Complex Evolution algorithm. Results are compared with classical laboratory and field methods. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Leger, Emmanuel AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H11M EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819893911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Soil+hydrodynamic+parameter+determination+using+Ground-Penetrating+Radar+monitoring&rft.au=Leger%2C+Emmanuel%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Leger&rft.aufirst=Emmanuel&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Local and global impacts of carbon capture and storage combined with enhanced oil recovery in four depleted oil fields, Kern County, California AN - 1815676895; 2016-074080 AB - Depleted oil reservoirs are attractive targets for geologic carbon storage (GCS) because they possess proven trapping mechanisms and large amounts of data pertaining to production and reservoir geometry. In addition, CO (sub 2) enhanced oil recovery (EOR) can improve recovery of the remaining oil at recovery factors of 6 to 20% of original oil in place in appropriate reservoirs. CO (sub 2) EOR increases the attractiveness of depleted oil and gas reservoirs as a starting point for CCS because the CO (sub 2) becomes a commodity that can be purchased by field operators for EOR purposes thereby offsetting the costs of CO (sub 2) capture at the power plant. In California, Kern County contains the largest oil reservoirs and produces 76% of California's oil. Most of the production at depths suitable for CCS combined with CO (sub 2) EOR comes from three reservoirs: the Vedder and Temblor formations and the Stevens Sandstone of the Monterey Formation. These formations were evaluated for GCS and CO (sub 2) EOR potential at the North and South Coles Levee (Stevens Sandstone), Greeley (Vedder) and McKittrick (Temblor) fields. CO (sub 2) EOR could be expected to produce an additional 150 million bbls of oil. The total storage space created by pre- and post-EOR fluid production for all three reservoirs is approximately 104 million metric tons (MMT). Large fixed sources in California produce 156 MMT/yr of CO (sub 2) , and sources in Kern County produce 26 MMT/yr (WESTCARB, 2012). Therefore, the fields could store about four years of local large fixed source emissions and about two thirds of statewide emissions. However, from a global perspective, burning the additional oil produced by CO (sub 2) EOR would generate an additional 65 MMT of CO (sub 2) if not captured. This would result in a net reduction of greenhouse gas of only 39 MMT rather than the full 104 MMT. If the water produced along with the oil recovered during CO (sub 2) EOR operations is not reinjected into the reservoir, the storage space could be much higher. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gillespie, Jan AU - Jordan, Preston D AU - Goodell, Jonathan Andrew AU - Harrington, Kelly AU - Jameson, Sam AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract GC41E EP - 1125 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815676895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Local+and+global+impacts+of+carbon+capture+and+storage+combined+with+enhanced+oil+recovery+in+four+depleted+oil+fields%2C+Kern+County%2C+California&rft.au=Gillespie%2C+Jan%3BJordan%2C+Preston+D%3BGoodell%2C+Jonathan+Andrew%3BHarrington%2C+Kelly%3BJameson%2C+Sam%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gillespie&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pragmatic consideration of geologic carbon storage design based upon historic pressure response to oil and gas production in the southern San Joaquin basin AN - 1815676818; 2016-074081 AB - Annual CO (sub 2) emissions from large fixed sources in the southern San Joaquin Valley and vicinity in California are about 20 million metric tons per year (MMT/Y). Cumulative net fluid production due to oil and gas extracted from below the minimum depth for geologic carbon storage (taken as 1,500 m) was 1.4 billion m (super 3) at reservoir conditions as of 2010. At an average CO (sub 2) storage density of 0.5 metric tons per m (super 3) , this implies 35 years of storage capacity at current emission rates just to refill the vacated volume, neglecting possible reservoir consolidation. However, the production occurred from over 300 pools. The production rate relative to average pressure decline in the more productive pools analyzed suggests they could receive about 2 MMT/Y raising the field average pressure to nearly the fracturing pressure. This would require well fields as extensive as those used for production, instead of the single to few wells per project typically envisioned. Even then, the actual allowable injection rate to the larger pools would be less than 2 MMT/Y in order to keep pressures at the injection well below the fracture pressure. This implies storing 20 MMT/Y would require developing storage operations in tens of pools with hundreds, if not over a thousand, wells. This utilization of one of the basins with the most storage capacity in the state would result in reducing the state's fixed source emissions by only one eighth relative to current emissions. The number of fields and wells involved in achieving this suggests a different strategy might provide more capacity at similar cost. Specifically, staging wells that initially produce water in the vicinity of fewer injection wells could result in both more storage. This water could be directed to a shallower zone, or supplied to the surface at a similar cost. The commencement of ocean water desalination in the state indicates the economics of water supply might support treating this water for beneficial use, particularly if it has a lower salinity than sea water. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jordan, Preston D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract GC41E EP - 1126 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815676818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Pragmatic+consideration+of+geologic+carbon+storage+design+based+upon+historic+pressure+response+to+oil+and+gas+production+in+the+southern+San+Joaquin+basin&rft.au=Jordan%2C+Preston+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jordan&rft.aufirst=Preston&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeology from 10,000 ft below; lessons learned in applying pulse testing for leakage detection in a carbon sequestration formation AN - 1815672120; 2016-075683 AB - Monitoring techniques capable of deep subsurface detection are desirable for early warning and leakage pathway identification in geologic carbon storage formations. This work investigates the feasibility of a leakage detection technique based on pulse testing, which is a traditional hydrogeological characterization tool. In pulse testing, the monitoring reservoir is stimulated at a fixed frequency and the acquired pressure perturbation signals are analyzed in the frequency domain to detect potential deviations in the reservoir's frequency domain response function. Unlike traditional time-domain analyses, the frequency-domain analysis aims to minimize the interference of reservoir noise by imposing coded injection patterns such that the reservoir responses to injection can be uniquely determined. We have established the theoretical basis of the approach in previous work. Recently, field validation of this pressure-based, leakage detection technique was conducted at a CO2-EOR site located in Mississippi, USA. During the demonstration, two sets of experiments were performed using 90-min and 150-min pulsing periods, for both with and without leak scenarios. Because of the lack of pre-existing leakage pathways, artificial leakage CO2 was simulated by rate-controlled venting from one of the monitoring wells. Our results show that leakage events caused a significant deviation in the amplitude of the frequency response function, indicating that pulse testing may be used as a cost-effective monitoring technique with a strong potential for automation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sun, Alexander Y AU - Lu, Jiemin AU - Hovorka, Susan D AU - Freifeld, Barry M AU - Islam, Akand AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract H12A EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815672120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hydrogeology+from+10%2C000+ft+below%3B+lessons+learned+in+applying+pulse+testing+for+leakage+detection+in+a+carbon+sequestration+formation&rft.au=Sun%2C+Alexander+Y%3BLu%2C+Jiemin%3BHovorka%2C+Susan+D%3BFreifeld%2C+Barry+M%3BIslam%2C+Akand%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydraulic and physical properties of modern sinter deposits; El Tatio, Atacama AN - 1812222516; 2016-072475 AB - Sinters are sedimentary, siliceous deposits, and are common in geothermal areas. Formation occurs in two steps. Hot water circulates underground, and dissolves silica from the host rock. Silica then precipitates at the surface as water is discharged from hot springs. Extensive sinter formations are linked to up-flow areas of fluids originated in high temperature (>175 degrees C) reservoirs. Sinter samples provide a guide for geothermal and epithermal ore deposit exploration. Fluid geochemistry, microbial communities, and environmental conditions of deposition determine the texture of sinter. To better understand the water balance in geothermal systems, and interpret geophysical observations, we studied 21 samples of modern geyserite sinter deposits (<10,000 years) from an active geothermal field located in the north of Chile, El Tatio. We measured the physical properties (hydraulic, seismic, and electrical), and internal micro-structure (using X-Ray micro-tomography). The pore structure, and thus hydraulic and physical properties, are controlled by the distribution of microbial matter. Based on velocity-porosity relationships, permeability-porosity scaling, and image analysis of the 3D pore structure, we find that the sinter more closely resembles vesicular volcanic rocks than clastic sedimentary rocks. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Munoz Saez, C AU - Saltiel, S AU - Manga, M AU - Nguyen, C T AU - Gonnermann, H M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR41B EP - 2633 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812222516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hydraulic+and+physical+properties+of+modern+sinter+deposits%3B+El+Tatio%2C+Atacama&rft.au=Munoz+Saez%2C+C%3BSaltiel%2C+S%3BManga%2C+M%3BNguyen%2C+C+T%3BGonnermann%2C+H+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Munoz+Saez&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory visualization of hydraulic fracture propagation and interaction with a network of preexisting fractures AN - 1812221670; 2016-072457 AB - We present optical visualization experiments of hydraulic fracture propagation within transparent rock-analogue samples containing a network of preexisting fractures. Natural fractures and heterogeneities in rock have a great impact on hydraulic fracture propagation and resulting improvements in reservoir permeability. In recent years, many sophisticated numerical simulations on hydraulic fracturing have been conducted. Laboratory experiments on hydraulic fracturing are often performed with acoustic emission (Micro Earthquake) monitoring, which allows detection and location of fracturing and fracture propagation. However, the detected fractures are not necessarily hydraulically produced fractures which provide permeable pathways connected to the injection (and production) well. The primary objectives of our visualization experiments are (1) to obtain quantitative visual information of hydraulic fracture propagation affected by pre-existing fractures and (2) to distinguish fractures activated by the perturbed stress field away from the injected fluid and hydraulically produced fractures. The obtained data are also used to develop and validate a new numerical modeling technique (TOUGH-RBSN [Rigid-Body-Spring-Network] model) for hydraulic fracturing simulations, which is presented in a companion paper. The experiments are conducted using transparent soda-lime glass cubes (10 cm X 10 cm X 10 cm) containing either (1) 3D laser-engraved artificial fractures and fracture networks or (2) a random network of fractures produced by rapid thermal quenching. The strength (and also the permeability for the latter) of the fractures can be altered to examine their impact on hydraulic fracturing. The cubes are subjected to true-triaxial stress within a polyaxial loading frame, and hydraulic fractures are produced by injecting fluids with a range of viscosity into an analogue borehole drilled in the sample. The visual images of developing fractures are obtained both through a port hole on a side of the loading frame and via reflection in a diagonal mirror embedded in a transparent loading block. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Nakagawa, S AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Borglin, S E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract MR41A EP - 2615 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812221670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Laboratory+visualization+of+hydraulic+fracture+propagation+and+interaction+with+a+network+of+preexisting+fractures&rft.au=Nakagawa%2C+S%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BBorglin%2C+S+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nakagawa&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between rock varnish and adjacent mineral dust compositions using microanalytical techniques AN - 1812215876; 2016-070497 AB - Rock varnishes are up to 250 mu m thick, Mn- and Fe-rich, dark black to brownish-orange lustrous rock coatings. Water and aeolian dust (60-70%), in combination with biological oxidation or inorganic precipitation processes, or even a combination of both, induce varnish growth rates of a few mu m per 1000 a, indicating that element enrichment and aging processes are of major importance for the varnish formation. A combination of 200 nm-fs laser- and 213 nm-ns laser ablation- inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), focused ion beam (FIB) slicing, and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy-near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (STXM-NEXAFS) was chosen for high-spatial-resolution analyses. The aim was to identify provenance, chemistry, and dynamics of the varnishes, and their formation over the millennia. To this end, mineral dust and adjacent varnishes were sampled in six arid to semi-arid deserts, in Israel, South Africa, California, and Saudi Arabia. Dust minerals incorporated in the varnishes were examined by STXM-NEXAFS spectroscopic and element mapping at the nm scale. Varnishes from different locations can be distinguished by element ratio plots of Pb/Ni vs. Mn/Ba. A comparison of dust element ratios of particles <50 mu m to ratios of adjacent varnishes reveals much lower values for dust. However, the factors between the element ratios of dust and of varnish are similar for four of six regions (Mn/Ba: 6+ or -2; Pb/Ni: 4+ or -3). Two of the six regions diverge, which are South African (Mn/Ba: 20, Pb/Ni: 0.5) and Californian (Anza Borrego Desert: Mn/Ba: 4.5; Pb/Ni: 16.5) varnishes. The results indicate that the enrichment and degradation processes might be similar for most locations, and that Mn and Pb are preferably incorporated and immobilized in most varnishes compared to Ba and Ni. The Pb/Ni ratios of the South African varnishes are indicators for either a preferred incorporation of Ni compared to Pb from available dust, and therefore possibly a different genesis, or it shows a changed dust source over time, or even an additional element source. The latter two arguments, or even Pb pollution by automobiles, might also be true for the Anza Borrego varnish with its higher Pb/Ni ratios. Our investigations of dust and the rock coatings at the nm scale may help to unravel the genesis of rock varnish. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Macholdt, Dorothea AU - Jochum, Klaus P AU - Otter, Laura AU - Stoll, Brigitte AU - Weis, Ulrike AU - Poehlker, Christopher AU - Mueller, Maren AU - Kappl, Michael AU - Weber, Bettina AU - Kilcoyne, A L David AU - Weigand, Markus AU - Al-Amri, Abdullah Mohammed AU - Andreae, Meinrat AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract EP53A EP - 0971 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812215876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+rock+varnish+and+adjacent+mineral+dust+compositions+using+microanalytical+techniques&rft.au=Macholdt%2C+Dorothea%3BJochum%2C+Klaus+P%3BOtter%2C+Laura%3BStoll%2C+Brigitte%3BWeis%2C+Ulrike%3BPoehlker%2C+Christopher%3BMueller%2C+Maren%3BKappl%2C+Michael%3BWeber%2C+Bettina%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+David%3BWeigand%2C+Markus%3BAl-Amri%2C+Abdullah+Mohammed%3BAndreae%2C+Meinrat%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Macholdt&rft.aufirst=Dorothea&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The bio-accessibility of synthetic Fe-organo complexes in subsurface soil with elevated temperature; a proxy for the vulnerability of mineral associated carbon to warming AN - 1807509457; 2016-066672 AB - Globally, subsurface soils (>30 cm) represent an important reservoir of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the vulnerability of this deep SOC and, in particular mineral-associated SOC, to warming, and its potential to amplify the effects of climate change is highly uncertain. To gain insight into the bio-accessibility and temperature sensitivity of mineral-associated organic C, we conducted a series of incubations using soils collected from three depths (0-10, 50-60, and 80-90 cm) under coniferous forest. The soils are moderately acidic (mean pH=6.5) sandy, mixed, mesic Ultic Haploxeralfs. To understand how mechanisms controlling SOC bio-accessibilty or temperature sensitivity differ with depth and with the properties of Fe-organo complexes (i.e.,degree of crystallinity, amount of reactive surface area, or surface saturation), we used a (super 13) C labeled glucose substrate to prepare synthetic Fe-organo complexes spanning a range of crystallinity and mineral surface saturation. The synthetic Fe-organo complexes were then added to soil from three depths. The soils containing the (super 13) C labeled Fe-organo adduct were incubated at two temperatures (ambient and +4 degrees C) and respired (super 13) CO (sub 2) was measured and used to estimate flux rates. Differences in measured (super 13) CO (sub 2) fluxes as a function of depth, surface loading, and mineral properties are discussed in terms of their implications for the temperature sensitivity of mineral protected organic carbon in subsurface soils. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Porras, R C AU - Hicks Pries, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41G EP - 0507 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+bio-accessibility+of+synthetic+Fe-organo+complexes+in+subsurface+soil+with+elevated+temperature%3B+a+proxy+for+the+vulnerability+of+mineral+associated+carbon+to+warming&rft.au=Porras%2C+R+C%3BHicks+Pries%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Porras&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-scale evidence of large CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) emissions from permafrost during spring thaw in northern Alaska AN - 1807509448; 2016-066716 AB - Arctic warming will amplify climate change especially if thawing tundra emits increasingly greater amounts of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) due to rising temperatures in the coming decades. However, uncertainties about flux rates and sources limit the prediction of these feedbacks. The few observations of tundra carbon fluxes during snowmelt suggest that there may be large releases during spring thaw, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms and whether emissions of greenhouse gases are widespread enough to influence atmospheric concentrations. To address this question we employed a multi-scale approach, including ecosystem-scale measurements, a mechanistic soil-core thawing experiment, and airborne observations of atmospheric carbon concentrations. We show that fluxes during the 2-week period of snow and surface-ice melt in 2014 near Barrow, Alaska, reduced the net snow-free season uptake of CO (sub 2) by 46% and added 6% to the CH (sub 4) emissions. A controlled laboratory experiment revealed that when frozen permafrost was exposed to warming temperatures, it released an immediate, large pulse of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) that had been trapped under the surface ice. While the Alaskan North Slope was undergoing snowmelt, changes in the concentrations of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) measured by aircraft were correlated to fluxes of CO (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) measured by eddy-covariance. Airborne measurements from the aircraft reflected local observations, and confirmed that the pulse had influence on regional atmospheric concentrations. This research suggests that the Arctic carbon spring pulse is a result of a delayed release of biogenic production in fall, and that this pulse is widespread and large enough to offset a significant fraction of the moderate Arctic tundra carbon sink. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Raz Yaseef, N AU - Torn, M S AU - Billesbach, D P AU - Wu, Y AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Romanovsky, V E AU - Cook, D R AU - Commane, R AU - Henderson, J AU - Miller, C E AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B43M EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Multi-scale+evidence+of+large+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+CH+%28sub+4%29+emissions+from+permafrost+during+spring+thaw+in+northern+Alaska&rft.au=Raz+Yaseef%2C+N%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BBillesbach%2C+D+P%3BWu%2C+Y%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BRomanovsky%2C+V+E%3BCook%2C+D+R%3BCommane%2C+R%3BHenderson%2C+J%3BMiller%2C+C+E%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Raz+Yaseef&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A benchmarking initiative for reactive transport modeling applied to subsurface environmental applications AN - 1807509408; 2016-066694 AB - Over the last 20 years, we have seen the evolution of multicomponent reactive transport modeling and the expanding range and increasing complexity of subsurface environmental applications it is being used to address. Reactive transport modeling is being asked to provide accurate assessments of engineering performance and risk for important issues with far-reaching consequences. As a result, the complexity and detail of subsurface processes, properties, and conditions that can be simulated have significantly expanded. Closed form solutions are necessary and useful, but limited to situations that are far simpler than typical applications that combine many physical and chemical processes, in many cases in coupled form. In the absence of closed form and yet realistic solutions for complex applications, numerical benchmark problems with an accepted set of results will be indispensable to qualifying codes for various environmental applications. The intent of this benchmarking exercise, now underway for more than five years, is to develop and publish a set of well-described benchmark problems that can be used to demonstrate simulator conformance with norms established by the subsurface science and engineering community. The objective is not to verify this or that specific code--the reactive transport codes play a supporting role in this regard-but rather to use the codes to verify that a common solution of the problem can be achieved. Thus, the objective of each of the manuscripts is to present an environmentally-relevant benchmark problem that tests the conceptual model capabilities, numerical implementation, process coupling, and accuracy. The benchmark problems developed to date include 1) microbially-mediated reactions, 2) isotopes, 3) multi-component diffusion, 4) uranium fate and transport, 5) metal mobility in mining affected systems, and 6) waste repositories and related aspects. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B43B EP - 0544 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807509408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+benchmarking+initiative+for+reactive+transport+modeling+applied+to+subsurface+environmental+applications&rft.au=Steefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of groundwater and river water interactions in modulating land surface and subsurface states and fluxes; a local-scale case study along the Columbia River shoreline AN - 1807508935; 2016-064422 AB - Lateral flow and transport between groundwater and river water through the subsurface interaction zone (SIZ) is a major pathway for energy, water, solute, and gas transfer between terrestrial and aquatic systems. Groundwater - surface water exchange is significant at multiple scales, but is not adequately resolved in Earth System Models (ESMs). In this study, an integrated land surface and subsurface model enhanced with hydrologic exchange was assembled within the land component of an ESM (i.e., the Community Land Model (CLM) coupled with PFLOTRAN) to investigate how land surface and subsurface states and fluxes are influenced by the lateral flow and mixing of waters within the SIZ. The new model was applied to a domain including 400 m of the Columbia River shoreline where subsurface properties and processes have been well-characterized through sediment characterization, pump tests, tracer experiments, and field monitoring of river water intrusion events driven by river stage changes. Simulations of CLM-PFLOTRAN at multiple spatial resolutions were conducted using observed meteorological and river stage data under different climate and hydrologic conditions. The coupled model revealed the importance of interaction zone processes in regulating temporal and spatial variability in land surface and subsurface hydrological fluxes and state variables, indicating strong nonlinear coupling between hydrologic and biogeochemical processes in riparian zones. The simulations are validated against field measurements collected at the site. Our results provide a foundation for better understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of biogeochemical cycling and biogenic gas generation in the SIZ, and their regulation by the changing water cycle and climate. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Huang, M AU - Bisht, G AU - Chen, X AU - Hammond, G E AU - Zachara, J M AU - Riley, W J AU - Downs, J AU - Liu, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41A EP - 0409 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+role+of+groundwater+and+river+water+interactions+in+modulating+land+surface+and+subsurface+states+and+fluxes%3B+a+local-scale+case+study+along+the+Columbia+River+shoreline&rft.au=Huang%2C+M%3BBisht%2C+G%3BChen%2C+X%3BHammond%2C+G+E%3BZachara%2C+J+M%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BDowns%2C+J%3BLiu%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alquimia; exposing mature biogeochemistry capabilities for easier benchmarking and development of next-generation subsurface codes AN - 1807508788; 2016-066692 AB - The complexity of subsurface models is increasing in order to address pressing scientific questions in hydrology and climate science. In particular, models that attempt to explore the coupling between microbial metabolic activity and hydrology at larger scales need an accurate representation of their underlying biogeochemical systems. These systems tend to be very complicated, and they result in large nonlinear systems that have to be coupled with flow and transport algorithms in reactive transport codes. The complexity inherent in implementing a robust treatment of biogeochemistry is a significant obstacle in the development of new codes. Alquimia is an open-source software library intended to help developers of these codes overcome this obstacle by exposing tried-and-true biogeochemical capabilities in existing software. It provides an interface through which a reactive transport code can access and evolve a chemical system, using one of several supported geochemical "engines." We will describe Alquimia's current capabilities, and how they can be used for benchmarking reactive transport codes. We will also discuss upcoming features that will facilitate the coupling of biogeochemistry to other processes in new codes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Johnson, J N AU - Molins, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B43B EP - 0542 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Alquimia%3B+exposing+mature+biogeochemistry+capabilities+for+easier+benchmarking+and+development+of+next-generation+subsurface+codes&rft.au=Johnson%2C+J+N%3BMolins%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deformation and crystallographic preferred orientation of two-phase lower mantle mineral analogs; implications for seismic anisotropy in the lower mantle AN - 1807508379; 2016-066818 AB - Geodynamic models predict large strains due to convection in the mantle, and polycrystal plasticity simulations suggest strong crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO), yet much of the lower mantle is observed to be mostly isotropic. However, these models ignore interaction among phases, which is important for the lower mantle, estimated to be composed of nearly equal 25% soft ferropericlase (Mg,Fe)O and nearly equal 70% harder bridgmanite (MgSiO (sub 3) ). Here we consider deformation of these two lower mantle mineral phases together and look at the microstructure to find whether soft ferropericlase becomes interconnected and acts as a lubricant between harder bridgmanite grains or if ferropericlase is largely disconnected leaving deformation to be absorbed by bridgmanite. We quantify how the volume percent of ferropericlase might affect deformation and CPO development in the lower mantle. We deformed lower mantle mineral analogs halite (NaCl, ferropericlase structure) and neighborite (NaMgF (sub 3) , perovskite structure) together in the D-DIA. Development of CPO was recorded in situ with radial X-ray diffraction, and information on microstructural evolution was collected using X-ray microtomography. We performed self-consistent polycrystal plasticity modelling to infer likely slip systems and strain rates in each phase. Results show that when present in as little as 15% volume, the soft halite becomes interconnected during deformation, surrounding the harder neighborite grains. The change in microstructure during deformation coincides with a decrease in differential stress, i.e. weakening of the aggregate, and a reduction in CPO, likely due to a switch in deformation mode. Furthermore, polycrystal plasticity models imply much higher strain rates in the softer halite, suggesting it is absorbing the bulk of deformation. The halite does not develop significant CPO, and CPO in the neighborite is reduced by nearly half with addition of 15% volume halite. The results suggest that ferropericlase controls deformation in the lower mantle through a mechanism that does not produce significant CPO. This implies a more viscous lower mantle and helps to explain why the bulk of the lower mantle is fairly isotropic. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kaercher, P M AU - Miyagi, L M AU - Kanitpanyacharoen, W AU - Zepeda-Alarcon, E AU - Wang, Y AU - Parkinson, D AU - Lebensohn, R AU - DeCarlo, F AU - Wenk, H R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract DI13C EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Deformation+and+crystallographic+preferred+orientation+of+two-phase+lower+mantle+mineral+analogs%3B+implications+for+seismic+anisotropy+in+the+lower+mantle&rft.au=Kaercher%2C+P+M%3BMiyagi%2C+L+M%3BKanitpanyacharoen%2C+W%3BZepeda-Alarcon%2C+E%3BWang%2C+Y%3BParkinson%2C+D%3BLebensohn%2C+R%3BDeCarlo%2C+F%3BWenk%2C+H+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kaercher&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simplified, data-constrained approach to estimate the permafrost carbon-climate feedback; the PCN Incubation-Panarctic Thermal (PInc-PanTher) scaling approach AN - 1807508283; 2016-066691 AB - We present an approach to estimate the feedback from large-scale thawing of permafrost soils using a simplified, data-constrained model that combines three elements: soil carbon (C) maps and profiles to identify the distribution and type of C in permafrost soils; incubation experiments to quantify the rates of C lost after thaw; and models of soil thermal dynamics in response to climate warming. We call the approach the Permafrost Carbon Network Incubation-Panarctic Thermal scaling approach (PInc-PanTher). The approach assumes that C stocks do not decompose at all when frozen, but once thawed follow set decomposition trajectories as a function of soil temperature. The trajectories are determined according to a 3-pool decomposition model fitted to incubation data using parameters specific to soil horizon types. We calculate litterfall C inputs required to maintain steady-state C balance for the current climate, and hold those inputs constant. Soil temperatures are taken from the soil thermal modules of ecosystem model simulations forced by a common set of future climate change anomalies under two warming scenarios over the period 2010 to 2100. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Koven, C AU - Schuur, Edward AU - Schaedel, Christina AU - Bohn, Theodore J AU - Burke, Eleanor AU - Chen, G AU - Chen, X AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Grosse, G AU - Harden, J W AU - Hayes, Daniel J AU - Hugelius, Gustaf AU - Jafarov, E E AU - Krinner, G AU - Kuhry, Peter AU - Lawrence, D M AU - MacDougall, Andrew AU - Marchenko, S S AU - McGuire, A D AU - Natali, S AU - Nicolsky, D AU - Olefeldt, D AU - Peng, S AU - Romanovsky, V E AU - Schaefer, Kevin M AU - Strauss, J AU - Treat, C C AU - Turetsky, M R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B42C EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+simplified%2C+data-constrained+approach+to+estimate+the+permafrost+carbon-climate+feedback%3B+the+PCN+Incubation-Panarctic+Thermal+%28PInc-PanTher%29+scaling+approach&rft.au=Koven%2C+C%3BSchuur%2C+Edward%3BSchaedel%2C+Christina%3BBohn%2C+Theodore+J%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor%3BChen%2C+G%3BChen%2C+X%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BGrosse%2C+G%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BHayes%2C+Daniel+J%3BHugelius%2C+Gustaf%3BJafarov%2C+E+E%3BKrinner%2C+G%3BKuhry%2C+Peter%3BLawrence%2C+D+M%3BMacDougall%2C+Andrew%3BMarchenko%2C+S+S%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BNatali%2C+S%3BNicolsky%2C+D%3BOlefeldt%2C+D%3BPeng%2C+S%3BRomanovsky%2C+V+E%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin+M%3BStrauss%2C+J%3BTreat%2C+C+C%3BTuretsky%2C+M+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Koven&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermo-chemical plumes rooted in the deep mantle beneath major hotspots; implications for mantle dynamics AN - 1807508161; 2016-066865 AB - The existence of mantle plumes as a possible origin for hotspots has been the subject of debate for the last 30 years. Many seismic tomographic studies have hinted at the presence of plume-like features in the lower mantle, but resolution of narrow low velocity features is difficult, and ambiguity remains as to the vertical continuity of these features and how distinct they are from other low velocity blobs. We present robust evidence for significant, vertically continuous, low velocity columns in the lower mantle beneath prominent hotspots located within the footprint of the large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs), from a recent global, radially anisotropic whole mantle shear-wave velocity (Vs) model, SEMUCB-WM1 (French and Romanowicz, 2014, 2015). This model was constructed by inversion of a large dataset of long period three-component seismograms down to 32s period. Because it includes surface-wave overtones, S-diffracted waves and multiply reflected waves between the surface and the CMB, this dataset provides considerably better illumination of the whole mantle volume than can be obtained with a standard set of travel times alone. In addition, accurate numerical computation of the forward wavefield using the spectral element method at each iteration of the model construction, allows us to better resolve regions of lower than average Vs. The imaged plumes have several common characteristics: they are rooted in patches of very low Vs near the core mantle boundary, some of which contain documented ULVZs, and extend vertically through the lower mantle up to approximately 1000 km depth, where some are deflected horizontally, or give rise to somewhat thinner conduits that meander through the upper mantle in the vicinity of the target hotpots. Combined with evidence for slab stagnation at approximately 1000 km depth, this suggests a change in rheology between 660 and 1000 km depth, very high viscosity throughout the bulk of the lower mantle, and lower viscosity plumes, only mildly deflected by secondary scale flow in the upper mantle. The lower mantle plume conduits must be at least 500-600 km wide: their morphology resembles that of thermo-chemical plumes rooted in a denser than average basal layer. No such fat plumes are found under hotspots located above the ring of fast velocities surrounding the LLSVPs. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Romanowicz, Barbara A AU - French, Scott AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract DI34A EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807508161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Thermo-chemical+plumes+rooted+in+the+deep+mantle+beneath+major+hotspots%3B+implications+for+mantle+dynamics&rft.au=Romanowicz%2C+Barbara+A%3BFrench%2C+Scott%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Romanowicz&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal and spatial relationships between hydrologic and carbon budgets in an Amazonian watershed; application of a coupled subsurface - land surface process model AN - 1807507946; 2016-064423 AB - Amazonian tropical ecosystems cycle large amounts of carbon and water. The interactions between Amazonian hydrologic and carbon cycles are uncertain and therefore an important research topic. We analyzed the water and carbon budgets in a nearly equal 9,000 km (super 2) central Amazon basin near Manaus, Brazil, using an observationally constrained (streamflow) and tested process-based adaptive watershed simulator (PAWS) coupled with the community land model (CLM). The coupled model (PAWS+CLM) includes detailed representations of subsurface and land surface hydrologic and carbon cycle processes. We compared model predictions with site observed carbon states and fluxes (LAI, NPP, and GPP), satellite-based estimates of evapotranspiration and Leaf Area Index (LAI), and water storage anomalies from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite. The simulated results and correlation analysis support the following observations. First, the high-resolution, distributed PAWS+CLM model better matches available hydrologic and carbon cycle observations than the one-dimensional CLM. Second, in this tropical forest headwater basin, most hydrologic components are very sensitive to precipitation forcing, while ET is not. Third, groundwater is the dominant contributor to streamflow, although the streamflow peaks are highly correlated with intense precipitation input. Fourth, carbon fluxes, represented by LAI, NPP and GPP are correlated with hydrologic processes both temporally and spatially, and in particular to ET and groundwater flow. Our simulations provide new estimates of water budgets and storage changes in an Amazonian headwater catchment. The results suggest that prognostic groundwater and lateral flows are important for accurate representation of hydrologic and carbon fluxes at the watershed scale and that accurate prediction of these processes requires accurate climate forcing data. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Niu, J AU - Shen, C AU - Melack, J M AU - Riley, W J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41A EP - 0410 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807507946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Temporal+and+spatial+relationships+between+hydrologic+and+carbon+budgets+in+an+Amazonian+watershed%3B+application+of+a+coupled+subsurface+-+land+surface+process+model&rft.au=Niu%2C+J%3BShen%2C+C%3BMelack%2C+J+M%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Niu&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fine scale structure of low and ultra-low velocity patches in the lowermost mantle; some case studies AN - 1807507429; 2016-066875 AB - The lowermost part of the mantle, which is roughly halfway to the center of the earth, plays a key role as a thermal and chemical boundary layer between the solid, silicate mantle and fluid, iron outer core. Constraining the seismic velocity structure in this region provides important insights on mantle dynamics, and core-mantle interactions. Recently, global shear wave velocity tomography has confirmed the presence of broad plume conduits extending vertically through the lower mantle in the vicinity of major hotspots (SEMUCB-WM1, French and Romanowicz, 2015). These conduits are rooted in D" in patches of strongly reduced shear velocity, at least some of which, such as Hawaii, appear to contain known ultra low velocity zones (e.g. Cottaar and Romanowicz, 2012). We seek to determine whether these patches generally contain ULVZs, and to contrast them with less extreme structures such as the PERM anomaly (Lekic et al., 2012). Because global tomography cannot resolve such fine scale structure, we apply forward modeling of higher frequency (10-20s) Sdiff waveforms in 3D complex structures using the Spectral Element Method. We focus on Iceland, Hawaii and the PERM anomaly, and Sdiff observations at USArray and/or dense broadband arrays in Europe. In all three cases, Sdiff waveforms are clearly distorted by these anomalies, with either a complex coda and/or evidence for amplitude focusing. As a start, we design simple cylindrical models of shear velocity reduction, and contrast the best fitting ones at each location considered in terms of diameter, height above the core-mantle boundary and strength of velocity reduction. We refine previously obtained models for Hawaii and the Perm Anomaly. For Iceland, the waveforms show a strong azimuthally dependent post-cursor, with maximum travel time delay of approximately 20s and focusing effects. The preliminary best fitting model shows a structure of 700km in diameter, approximately 15% reduction in shear wave velocity, extending approximately 40 km above the core-mantle boundary, in a location close to the Iceland hotspot which is in agreement with the low velocity patch in model SEMUCB (sub W) M1. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Yuan, Kaiqing AU - Romanowicz, Barbara A AU - French, Scott AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract DI41A EP - 2587 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807507429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Fine+scale+structure+of+low+and+ultra-low+velocity+patches+in+the+lowermost+mantle%3B+some+case+studies&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Kaiqing%3BRomanowicz%2C+Barbara+A%3BFrench%2C+Scott%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yuan&rft.aufirst=Kaiqing&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - More than a museum; natural history is relevant in 21st century environmental science AN - 1807507201; 2016-064580 AB - In the Anthropocene, the relevancy of natural history in environmental science is challenged and marginalized today more than ever. We tested the hypothesis that natural history is relevant to the fields of environmental science and ecology by assessing the values, needs, and decisions related to natural history of graduate students and environmental science professionals across 31 universities and various employers, respectively, in California. Graduate students surveyed (93.3%) agreed that natural history was relevant to science, approximately 70% believed it "essential" for conducting field-based research; however, 54.2% felt inadequately trained to teach a natural history course and would benefit from additional training in natural history (>80%). Of the 185 professionals surveyed, all felt that natural history was relevant to science and "essential" or "desirable" in their vocation (93%). Our results indicate a disconnect between the value and relevancy of natural history in 21st century ecological science and opportunities for gaining those skills and knowledge through education and training. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hernandez, Rebecca R AU - Murphy-Mariscal, Michelle L AU - Barrows, Cameron W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract ED11D EP - 0866 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807507201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=More+than+a+museum%3B+natural+history+is+relevant+in+21st+century+environmental+science&rft.au=Hernandez%2C+Rebecca+R%3BMurphy-Mariscal%2C+Michelle+L%3BBarrows%2C+Cameron+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hernandez&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the soil moisture response to permafrost thaw and implications for the permafrost-carbon feedback AN - 1807504728; 2016-064498 AB - The Arctic is currently experiencing rapid environmental change. Numerous studies have shown clear evidence of change that is pervasive throughout the terrestrial Arctic system including widespread permafrost thaw and associated thermokarst initiation, changes in lake distribution, shifts in vegetation community composition, as well as changes in a host of other ecosystem, carbon cycle, and hydrologic processes. Threshold and non-linear responses associated with phase change between ice and water leave the Arctic particularly susceptible to swift and disruptive change. The fate of the Arctic carbon cycle including the potential release of soil carbon as carbon dioxide or methane, as well as any counterbalancing carbon accumulation via enhanced vegetation growth, is fundamentally governed by present and future soil hydrologic states. Prior research suggests that the hydrologic response may contain two phases, an initial wettening associated with ice melt and surface subsidence leading to more wetlands and lakes, followed by drying once the permafrost table has deepened enough to open up new channels to the groundwater system. Utilizing a version of the Community Land Model (CLM), the land model of CESM, that includes advances in the representation of permafrost water and carbon dynamics, we will explore how soil moisture and the water cycle in permafrost regions may change in response to permafrost thaw and assess the implications for the permafrost-carbon feedback. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lawrence, D M AU - Koven, C AU - Swenson, S C AU - Riley, W J AU - Slater, A G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract C42B EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807504728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+soil+moisture+response+to+permafrost+thaw+and+implications+for+the+permafrost-carbon+feedback&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+D+M%3BKoven%2C+C%3BSwenson%2C+S+C%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BSlater%2C+A+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating soil properties and relationship to landscape properties in Arctic tundra using aerial platform and geophysical monitoring AN - 1807504704; 2016-064447 AB - Investigating linkages between subsurface and surface properties at various spatial and temporal scales is crucial for terrestrial ecosystem understanding because near-surface soil hydrological and biogeochemical processes are generally influenced by both compartments and because co-interactions between sampled soil properties and remote sensing data is crucial to extrapolate soil characteristics in sufficiently high resolution over modeling-relevant scales. In this study, we investigate linkages between soil and landscape property dynamics in the Arctic tundra in Barrow, AK along transects that traverse a range of geomorphological conditions, including low- to high- centered polygons. Landscape characteristics are inferred from topographic, multi-spectral and thermal-infrared imaging measurements using either a kite-, pole- and tram-based platform at various temporal and spatial scales from continuous monitoring along a 35 m long transect to occasional campaigns along 500x40 m corridors. Soil properties are inferred using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), time-domain reflectometery (TDR), temperature measurements, and soil samples analysis. Overall, this study enables the identification of spatiotemporal links between various soil and landscape properties (incl. water inundation, vegetation, topography, thaw layer thickness, soil water content, temperature, electrical conductivity, snow thickness) and inform on the complementary nature of various ground- and aerial-based approaches and proxies to estimate soil properties within a framework that considers uncertainty, resolution, and spatial coverage. Among other results, a relatively strong relationship is observed between changes in soil electrical conductivity, water content, thaw layer thickness and vegetation state. This confirms the importance of water distribution on various processes including vegetation dynamics, thermal conductivity, surface-subsurface energy exchange, redox reactions and biogeochemical mechanisms. Identifying such links is crucial to extrapolate strong knowledge from point-scale and core-based biogeochemical measurements at specific sites over larger scales to ultimately improve parameterization of models simulating ecosystem feedbacks to climate. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dafflon, B AU - Peterson, J AU - Oktem, R AU - Curtis, J B AU - Ulrich, C AU - Torn, M S AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B41D EP - 0469 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1807504704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Estimating+soil+properties+and+relationship+to+landscape+properties+in+Arctic+tundra+using+aerial+platform+and+geophysical+monitoring&rft.au=Dafflon%2C+B%3BPeterson%2C+J%3BOktem%2C+R%3BCurtis%2C+J+B%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dafflon&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic monitoring results from the first 6 months of CO (sub 2) injection at the Aquistore geological storage site, Saskatchewan, Canada AN - 1800396825; 2016-058441 AB - The Aquistore Project, located in SE Saskatchewan, Canada, is a demonstration project for CO2 storage in a deep saline aquifer. CO2 captured from a nearby coal-fired power plant is being injected into a brine-filled sandstone formation at 3100-3300 m depth. CO2 injection commenced in April, 2015, at initial rates of up to 250 tonnes per day. Seismic monitoring methods have been employed to track the subsurface CO2 plume and to record any injection-induced microseismicity. Active seismic methods utilized include 4D surface seismics using a sparse permanent array, 4D vertical seismic profiles (VSP) with both downhole geophones and a fiber optic distributed acoustic sensor (DAS) system. Pre-injection baseline seismic surveys have established very good repeatability with NRMS values as low as 0.07. 3D finite-difference seismic modelling of fluid flow simulations is used with the repeatability estimates to determine the appropriate timing for the first CO2 monitor surveys. Time-lapse logging is being conducted on a regular basis to provide in situ measurement of the change in seismic velocity associated with changes in CO2 saturation. Continuous passive seismic recording has been ongoing since the summer of 2012 to establish background local seismicity prior to the start of CO2 injection. Passive monitoring is being conducted using two, 2.5 km long, orthogonal linear arrays of surface geophones.with 3-component short-period geophones, 3 broadband surface seismometers, and an array of 3-component short-period geophones in an observation well. No significant injection-related seismicity (Mw > -1) has been detected at the surface during the first 4 months of CO2 injection. On-going analysis of the downhole passive data will provide further information as to the occurrence of lower magnitude microseismicity (Mw of -1 to -3). JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Daley, T M AU - White, D J AU - Stork, Anna AU - Schmitt, D R AU - Worth, Kyle AU - Harris, Kyle AU - Roberts, Brian AU - Samson, Claire AU - Kendal, M J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S24A EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800396825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Seismic+monitoring+results+from+the+first+6+months+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+at+the+Aquistore+geological+storage+site%2C+Saskatchewan%2C+Canada&rft.au=Daley%2C+T+M%3BWhite%2C+D+J%3BStork%2C+Anna%3BSchmitt%2C+D+R%3BWorth%2C+Kyle%3BHarris%2C+Kyle%3BRoberts%2C+Brian%3BSamson%2C+Claire%3BKendal%2C+M+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical methods for CO (sub 2) leak detection and plume monitoring at the southeast regional carbon sequestration (SECARB) anthropogenic test site near Citronelle, Alabama AN - 1800396199; 2016-058445 AB - The SECARB project is the largest demonstration of CO2 capture, transportation, injection and storage from a coal-fired power station in the US. In August 2012, SECARB began capturing CO2 emitted by Unit 5 at Plant Barry north of Mobile, Alabama and injecting it into the Paluxy Formation at a depth of 9,400 ft above the Citronelle oilfield. Vertical seismic profile (VSP), cross-well and distributed acoustic sensing using fiber optics are being used to check for CO2 leakage out of the storage reservoir and track the CO2 plume. The acquisition plan includes one pre- and post-CO2 injection survey using an 80-level VSP array with a vibroseis source and cross-well using a piezoelectric source. "Snapshot" VSP surveys are performed every 6-12 months using a shorter 18-level geophone array installed on production tubing in the observation well. Good quality results were produced for both the 80-level VSP and cross-well baseline surveys. Mixed results were obtained using the 18-level VSP array due to the smaller aperture, large depth to the target and thin sand layers receiving injected CO2. Time-lapse differencing shows weak illumination at the CO2 injection depth for only one far-offset source point. The lack of bright spots prompted SECARB to move the second cross-well survey up in the schedule. A second cross-well survey was conducted in June 2014. This time the hydrophones were deployed in the production tubing to avoid removing the 18-level array. The acquired data exhibited signal degradation compared to the baseline survey and tube waves interfered with the reflections. First arrivals were used to build a post-injection velocity tomogram. Differencing of the pre- and post-injection tomograms was performed, producing a time-lapse image of good quality. The resulting image (Figure) shows a significant velocity difference, indicating the CO2 plume has moved roughly 400 ft in zone. More importantly, no velocity anomaly or leakage is evident above the storage reservoir. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Trautz, R C AU - Koperna, G J AU - Riestenberg, D E AU - Daley, T M AU - Rhudy, R G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S24A EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800396199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geophysical+methods+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+leak+detection+and+plume+monitoring+at+the+southeast+regional+carbon+sequestration+%28SECARB%29+anthropogenic+test+site+near+Citronelle%2C+Alabama&rft.au=Trautz%2C+R+C%3BKoperna%2C+G+J%3BRiestenberg%2C+D+E%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BRhudy%2C+R+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Trautz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring CO2 injection with a buried geophone array; Stage 2C of CO2CRC Otway Project AN - 1800394602; 2016-058447 AB - The Stage 2 of the CO2CRC project involves injection of a small quantity of CO2, 15 Kt, into the Paaratte formation, a saline aquifer located at a depth of around 1500 m in the Otway basin, Victoria, Australia. The project aims to investigate the limits of time lapse seismic methodologies in order to devise an optimal monitoring program. That includes time lapse signal and noise prediction, time lapse data acquisition design and finally data analysis. The strength of the time lapse (TL) seismic is governed by the magnitudes of both the time lapse signal and time lapse noise. They are in turn both dependent on numerous factors which need to be addressed through modelling studies and data acquisition technologies. Geological information is used to build a detailed 3D static model for the dynamic reservoir simulations and analysis of CO2 plume distribution for small quantities of CO2 injected into the deepest Paaratte member. Various lithological scenarios and variations in permeability distribution are tested until arriving at the "most likely" solution. The final model is used initially for 1D and subsequently for the full 3D time lapse modelling. These time lapse modelling results, combined with field tests and noise analysis, show clearly that small quantities of CO2 injected into a relatively thin ( nearly equal 20 m in thickness) saline aquifer would benefit from utilizing a permanent 3D seismic array to achieve desired repeatability, that is reduction in time lapse seismic noise. Buried receiver array was designed and deployed at the CO2CRC Otway during January and February. The array comprises 908 high-sensitivity geophones deployed at 4 m depth below the surface. Baseline 3D was acquired in March 2015. Some 3003 shots were acquired by a crew of 7 people over 9 days. Benchmark tests show a significant improvement in data quality compared to surface geophones. With this approach there are no cables or other seismic infrastructure on the surface. This significantly reduces the impact of the survey on farming activities. The total project cost will also be reduced over the period of two years in comparison to the surface seismic array. We acknowledge the funding provided by the Australian government to support this CO2CRC research project. We also acknowledge the funding from ANLEC R&D and the Victorian Government for the Stage 2C project. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Urosevic, M AU - Gurevich, B AU - Pevzner, R AU - Tertyshnikov, Konstantin AU - Shulakova, Valeriya AU - Glubokovskikh, Stanislav AU - Popik, Dmitry AU - Kepic, A AU - Robertson, M AU - Freifeld, B M AU - Daley, T M AU - Singh, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S24A EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800394602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Monitoring+CO2+injection+with+a+buried+geophone+array%3B+Stage+2C+of+CO2CRC+Otway+Project&rft.au=Urosevic%2C+M%3BGurevich%2C+B%3BPevzner%2C+R%3BTertyshnikov%2C+Konstantin%3BShulakova%2C+Valeriya%3BGlubokovskikh%2C+Stanislav%3BPopik%2C+Dmitry%3BKepic%2C+A%3BRobertson%2C+M%3BFreifeld%2C+B+M%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BSingh%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Urosevic&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling dissociation of hydrate bearing sediments under shear AN - 1797538152; 2016-053261 AB - To assess the stability of ground during gas production from hydrate bearing sediments, it is of fundamental importance that the constitutive model employed and the computational procedure adopted are capable and accurate. One way to establish credence is to investigate if observation from laboratory tests could be reproduced in analysis. From this consideration, this study modeled laboratory triaxial tests in which hydrate dissociation was induced when a certain level of shear stress was reached. During the dissociation, however, both the axial and the confining stresses were kept unchanged. There were basically two scenarios observed: If the applied shear stress was higher than the shear strength of the hydrate free host soil, failure would take place during the dissociation; otherwise the sample would remain stable. The dissociation was induced either by a temperature raise or through pore pressure reduction. To model such tests, a coupled procedure was employed: the geomechanical analysis was conducted in FLAC3D, and the multiphase flow was conducted in TOUGH+. In this study, an SMP critical state constitutive model was implemented in the FLAC3D. This study successfully reproduced the observation from the laboratory tests. It showed that if the dissociation was caused by temperature change alone, failure would take place during dissociation. On the other hand, the modeling results also showed that if the dissociation was induced by pressure reduction, a sample could remain stable during dissociation because the effective confining stress was raised, but it would fail afterwards when the pre-association fluid pressure was allowed to return and the pace of hydrate reformation lagged behind. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lin, J S AU - Choi, J H AU - Seol, Y AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B13B EP - 0606 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797538152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modeling+dissociation+of+hydrate+bearing+sediments+under+shear&rft.au=Lin%2C+J+S%3BChoi%2C+J+H%3BSeol%2C+Y%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detecting patterns of changing carbon uptake in Alaska using sustained in situ and remote sensing CO2 observations AN - 1797536120; 2016-050786 AB - The future trajectory of Arctic ecosystems as a carbon sink or source is of global importance due to vast quantities of carbon in permafrost soils. Over the last few years, a sustained set of airborne (NOAA-PFA, NOAA-ACG, and CARVE) and satellite (OCO-2 and GOSAT) atmospheric CO2 mole fraction measurements have provided unprecedented space and time scale sampling density across Alaska, making it possible to study the Arctic carbon cycle in more detail than ever before. Here, we use a synthesis of airborne and satellite CO2 over the 2009-2013 period with simulated concentrations from CLM4.5 and GEOS-Chem to examine the extent to which regional-scale carbon cycle changes in Alaska can be distinguished from interannual variability and long-range transport. We show that observational strategies focused on sustained profile measurements spanning continental interiors provide key insights into magnitude, duration, and variability of Summer sink activity, but that cold season sources are currently poorly resolved due to lack of sustained spatial sampling. Consequently, although future CO2 budgets dominated by enhanced cold season emission sources under climate warming and permafrost thaw scenarios are likely to produce substantial changes to near-surface CO2 gradients and seasonal cycle amplitude, they are unlikely to be detected by current observational strategies. We conclude that airborne and ground-based networks that provide more spatial coverage in year round profiles will help compensate for systematic sampling gaps in NIR passive satellite systems and provide essential constraints for Arctic carbon cycle changes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Parazoo, N AU - Miller, C E AU - Commane, R AU - Wofsy, S C AU - Koven, C AU - Lawrence, D M AU - Lindaas, J AU - Chang, R Y W AU - Sweeney, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B31D EP - 0613 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797536120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Detecting+patterns+of+changing+carbon+uptake+in+Alaska+using+sustained+in+situ+and+remote+sensing+CO2+observations&rft.au=Parazoo%2C+N%3BMiller%2C+C+E%3BCommane%2C+R%3BWofsy%2C+S+C%3BKoven%2C+C%3BLawrence%2C+D+M%3BLindaas%2C+J%3BChang%2C+R+Y+W%3BSweeney%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Parazoo&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlative cryo-tem, cryo-STXM and cryo-SHXM investigation of selenium bioreduction in a contaminated aquifer AN - 1797535089; 2016-050742 AB - Accurate mapping of the composition and ultrastructure of minerals and cells is key to understanding biogeochemical process in contaminated environments. Here we developed two apparatus that allow correlation of cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (TEM), synchrotron hard X-ray microprobe (SHXM) and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) datasets. These cryogenic methods enabled precise determination of the distribution, valence state and structure of selenium in intact biofilms sampled during a biostimulation experiment in a contaminated aquifer near Rifle, CO, USA. Results were replicated in the laboratory via anaerobic selenate-reducing enrichment cultures. 16S rRNA analyses of field-derived biofilm indicated the dominance of Betaproteobacteria from the Comamonadaceae family, and uncultivated members of the Simplicispira genus. The major product in field and culture-derived biofilms consists of approximately 25-300 nm red amorphous Se0 aggregates of colloidal nanoparticles. Correlative analyses of the cultures provided direct evidence for microbial dissimilatory reduction of Se(VI) to Se(IV) to Se0. X-ray diffraction and Se K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy revealed red amorphous Se0 with a first shell Se-Se interatomic distance of 2.339 + or - 0.003 Aa. STXM showed that these aggregates are strongly associated with a protein-rich biofilm matrix containing acidic polysaccharides. From Rifle groundwater, we isolated a strain that shares 98.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity with Dechloromonas aromatica RCB and grows anaerobically by oxidizing acetate and reducing selenate. We refer to this isolate as Dechloromonas selenatis strain RGW99. 3D cryo-electron tomography showed that Se0 particles do not form inside the cytoplasm but rather originate in the cell membrane. The end product of selenate reduction by D. selenatis is 240 + or - 66 nm diameter red amorphous Se0 colloidal aggregates. This product was found to be stable for months. Overall, these results established a role for D. selenatis RGW99 in selenate reduction in the Rifle Aquifer and provided new insights into the nature and stability of selenium bioreduction products in the subsurface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Fakra, S AU - Luef, B AU - Tyliszczak, T AU - Castelle, C J AU - Mullin, S W AU - Hug, L A AU - Williams, K H AU - Marcus, M AU - Banfield, J F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B24C EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797535089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Correlative+cryo-tem%2C+cryo-STXM+and+cryo-SHXM+investigation+of+selenium+bioreduction+in+a+contaminated+aquifer&rft.au=Fakra%2C+S%3BLuef%2C+B%3BTyliszczak%2C+T%3BCastelle%2C+C+J%3BMullin%2C+S+W%3BHug%2C+L+A%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BMarcus%2C+M%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fakra&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methane hydrate formation in a saturated, coarse-grained sample through the induction of a propagating gas front AN - 1797532612; 2016-053266 AB - We generate methane hydrate in the laboratory in a coarse-grained, brine-saturated, vertically-oriented sample through gas injection. The sample (5.125 inch length; 2 inch diameter; 0.383 porosity) was initially pressurized to 12.24 MPa (1775 psi), cooled to 1 degree Celsius, and saturated with a 7 wt% NaBr solution. A syringe pump was filled with methane gas and connected to the top of the sample at a constant pressure. Another pump was used to withdraw brine from the base of the sample at a constant rate (0.003 mL/min), pulling methane into the sample and initiating hydrate formation. Based on mass balance calculations, derived from the mass of water withdrawn and the mass of methane consumed, the bulk saturations of water, hydrate, and gas reached final values of 0.683, 0.278, and 0.038, respectively. The computed-tomography (CT) scans confirm a downward-propagating low density front, which we interpret as the front of the region where hydrate is forming and free gas is replacing withdrawn water. Assuming that hydrate formation and gas presence is limited to the region behind this front increases the hydrate and gas saturations to 0.452 and 0.062, respectively. Additional analysis of the CT scans indicates a heterogeneous distribution of gas, hydrate, and water within the core and provides insight into hydrate formation behavior and the thermodynamic state of hydrate in gas-rich, coarse-grained systems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Meyer, D AU - You, K AU - Borgfeldt, T AU - Flemings, P B AU - DiCarlo, D A AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B13B EP - 0611 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Methane+hydrate+formation+in+a+saturated%2C+coarse-grained+sample+through+the+induction+of+a+propagating+gas+front&rft.au=Meyer%2C+D%3BYou%2C+K%3BBorgfeldt%2C+T%3BFlemings%2C+P+B%3BDiCarlo%2C+D+A%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecogenomic characterization of a marine microorganism belonging to a Firmicutes lineage that is widespread in both terrestrial and oceanic subsurface environments AN - 1797532522; 2016-053214 AB - Large-volumes of basalt-hosted fluids from the sediment-covered subseafloor were collected in July 2011 from a horizon extending 29-117 meters below the sediment-rock interface at borehole 1362B, as well as from a deep horizon extending 193-292 meters below the sediment-rock interface at borehole 1362A, which are two of the latest generation of borehole observatories on the Juan de Fuca Ridge flank in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Environmental DNA was sequenced from one fluid sample collected from each borehole, and a genomic bin related to the terrestrial Candidatus Desulforudis audaxviator lineage within the Firmicutes phylum of bacteria was identified. The near-complete bacterial genome, herein named Candidatus Desulfopertinax inferamarinus, is composed of six scaffolds totaling 1.78 Mbp in length. Despite vast differences in geography and environment of origin, phylogenomic analysis indicate that D. inferamarinus and D. audaxviator form a monophyletic clade to the exclusion of all other sequenced genomes. Similar to its terrestrial relative, the draft genome of the marine D. inferamarinus revealed a motile, sporulating, sulfate-reducing, chemoautotrophic thermophile that is capable of synthesizing all amino acids and fixing inorganic carbon via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway. Unlike the terrestrial clade, relatively few integrases and transposases were identified. The marine genome described here provides evidence that a life-style adapted to the isolated deep subsurface environment is a general feature of the broader, globally-distributed Desulforudis/Desulfopertinax lineage and provides insight into the adaptations required for microbial life in the marine versus terrestrial deep biospheres. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jungbluth, S AU - Glavina del Rio, T AU - Tringe, S G AU - Stepanauskas, R AU - Rappe, M S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B11I EP - 0558 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ecogenomic+characterization+of+a+marine+microorganism+belonging+to+a+Firmicutes+lineage+that+is+widespread+in+both+terrestrial+and+oceanic+subsurface+environments&rft.au=Jungbluth%2C+S%3BGlavina+del+Rio%2C+T%3BTringe%2C+S+G%3BStepanauskas%2C+R%3BRappe%2C+M+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jungbluth&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Rainfall Sensitivity of Tropical Net Primary Production in CMIP5 Twentieth- and Twenty-First-Century Simulations* AN - 1790967634; PQ0003081123 AB - In this study, the authors used the relationship between mean annual rainfall (MAR) and net primary production (NPP) (MAR-NPP) observed in tropical forests to evaluate the performance (twentieth century) and predictions (twenty-first century) of tropical NPP from 10 earth system models (ESMs) from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). Over the tropical forest domain most of the CMIP5 models showed a positive correlation between NPP and MAR similar to observations. The GFDL, CESM1, CCSM4, and Beijing Normal University (BNU) models better represented the observed MAR-NPP relationship. Compared with observations, the models were able to reproduce the seasonality of rainfall over areas with long dry seasons, but NPP seasonality was difficult to evaluate given the limited observations. From 2006 to 2100, for representative concentration pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) (and most RCP4.5 simulations) all models projected increases in NPP, but these increases occurred at different rates. By the end of the twenty-first century the models with better performance against observed NPP-MAR projected increases in NPP between ~2% (RCP4.5) and ~19% (RCP8.5) relative to contemporary observations, representing increases of ~9% and ~25% relative to their historical simulations. When climate and CO sub(2) fertilization are considered as separate controls on plant physiology, the current climate yields maximum productivity. However, as future climate changes become detrimental to productivity, CO sub(2) fertilization becomes the dominant response, resulting in an overall increase in NPP toward the end of the twenty-first century. Thus, the way in which models represent CO sub(2) fertilization affects their performance. Further studies addressing the individual and simultaneous effect of other climate variables on NPP are needed. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Negron-Juarez, Robinson I AU - Riley, William J AU - Koven, Charles D AU - Knox, Ryan G AU - Taylor, Philip G AU - Chambers, Jeffrey Q AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 9313 EP - 9331 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 23 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Models and modeling KW - Climate models KW - General circulation models KW - China, People's Rep., Beijing KW - Prediction KW - Rainfall KW - Correlations KW - Primary production KW - Fertilization KW - Modelling KW - Seasonality KW - Annual rainfall KW - Climates KW - Primary Productivity KW - Simulation KW - Model Studies KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Tropical forests KW - Numerical simulations KW - Plant physiology KW - Tropical environment KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Dry season KW - Productivity KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Future climates KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790967634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+Rainfall+Sensitivity+of+Tropical+Net+Primary+Production+in+CMIP5+Twentieth-+and+Twenty-First-Century+Simulations*&rft.au=Negron-Juarez%2C+Robinson+I%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BKoven%2C+Charles+D%3BKnox%2C+Ryan+G%3BTaylor%2C+Philip+G%3BChambers%2C+Jeffrey+Q&rft.aulast=Negron-Juarez&rft.aufirst=Robinson&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=9313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00675.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 113 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seasonality; Rainfall; Tropical environment; Plant physiology; Simulation; Dry season; Carbon dioxide; Primary production; Modelling; Annual rainfall; Tropical forests; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Correlations; Future climates; Prediction; Performance Evaluation; Fertilization; Primary Productivity; Climates; Productivity; Carbon Dioxide; Model Studies; China, People's Rep., Beijing DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00675.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effects of Gridding Algorithms on the Statistical Moments and Their Trends of Daily Surface Air Temperature* AN - 1790966477; PQ0003081122 AB - This paper explores the effects from averaging weather station data onto a grid on the first four statistical moments of daily minimum and maximum surface air temperature (SAT) anomalies over the entire globe. The Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily (GHCND) and the Met Office Hadley Centre GHCND (HadGHCND) datasets from 1950 to 2010 are examined. The GHCND station data exhibit large spatial patterns for each moment and statistically significant moment trends from 1950 to 2010, indicating that SAT probability density functions are non-Gaussian and have undergone characteristic changes in shape due to decadal variability and/or climate change. Comparisons with station data show that gridded averages always underestimate observed variability, particularly in the extremes, and have altered moment trends that are in some cases opposite in sign over large geographic areas. A statistical closure approach based on the quasi-normal approximation is taken to explore SAT's higher-order moments and point correlation structure. This study focuses specifically on relating variability calculated from station data to that from gridded data through the moment equations for weighted sums of random variables. The higher-order and nonlinear spatial correlations up to the fourth order demonstrate that higher-order moments at grid scale can be determined approximately by functions of station pair correlations that tend to follow the usual Kolmogorov scaling relation. These results can aid in the development of constraints to reduce uncertainties in climate models and have implications for studies of atmospheric variability, extremes, and climate change using gridded observations. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Cavanaugh, Nicholas R AU - P Shen, Samuel S AD - Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 9188 EP - 9205 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 23 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Physical Meteorology and Climatology KW - Temperature KW - Observational techniques and algorithms KW - Surface observations KW - Mathematical and statistical techniques KW - Interpolation schemes KW - Variability KW - Anomalies KW - Climate variability KW - Trends KW - Climate change KW - Statistical analysis KW - Correlations KW - Algorithms KW - Air temperature KW - Climatic Changes KW - Climatology KW - Abiotic factors KW - Modelling KW - Temperature effects KW - Weather KW - Climate models KW - Mathematical models KW - Air Temperature KW - Atmospheric variability KW - Climates KW - Probability density function KW - Shape KW - Temperature trends KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790966477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Gridding+Algorithms+on+the+Statistical+Moments+and+Their+Trends+of+Daily+Surface+Air+Temperature*&rft.au=Cavanaugh%2C+Nicholas+R%3BP+Shen%2C+Samuel+S&rft.aulast=Cavanaugh&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=9188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00668.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Mathematical models; Climate change; Algorithms; Climatology; Air temperature; Modelling; Abiotic factors; Climate models; Atmospheric variability; Correlations; Statistical analysis; Temperature trends; Probability density function; Shape; Weather; Variability; Air Temperature; Climates; Climatic Changes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00668.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repeatability of surface wave velocity estimates from distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data AN - 1789751613; 2016-044797 AB - The repeatability of surface wave velocity estimates from local ambient noise hinges on the stability of the crosscorrelation function for the receiver pair in the presence of a variable noise field, assuming near-surface soil properties are invariant over the duration of the surveys. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data recorded on a linear trenched fiber optic cable sensor can accurately sample surface waves in a near continuous fashion (>1 kHz) with high spatial resolution (>1 receiver/m) and long range (10's of km). DAS recordings of ambient noise represent a unique means to explore the practical reliability of field-scale seismic property estimation from seismic interferometry. We test this hypothesis using continuous DAS field recordings from a shallow trench experiment near a busy road with diurnally-variable traffic patterns. Continuous records are processed using a modified ambient noise workflow consisting of receiver pair crosscorrelation, signal stacking, dispersion analysis, and a Monte Carlo search procedure to determine a best-fitting Vs model. The same processing flow is also applied to campaign data acquired with geophones to determine the repeatability benefit of trenched DAS deployment. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lindsey, Nate AU - Wagner, Anna M AU - Dou, Shan AU - Martin, E R AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Daley, T M AU - Robertson, M AU - Freifeld, B M AU - Bjella, Kevin AU - Ulrich, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S41B EP - 2718 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789751613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Repeatability+of+surface+wave+velocity+estimates+from+distributed+acoustic+sensing+%28DAS%29+data&rft.au=Lindsey%2C+Nate%3BWagner%2C+Anna+M%3BDou%2C+Shan%3BMartin%2C+E+R%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BRobertson%2C+M%3BFreifeld%2C+B+M%3BBjella%2C+Kevin%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.aufirst=Nate&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-dependent deformation at Brady Hot springs geothermal field (Nevada) measured with interferometric synthetic aperture radar and modeled with multiple working hypotheses of coupled behavior AN - 1789750844; 2016-044862 AB - To measure time-dependent deformation at the Brady Hot Springs geothermal field in western Nevada, we analyze interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data acquired between 2004 and 2014 by five satellite missions, including: ERS-2, Envisat, ALOS, TerraSAR-X, and TanDEM-X. The resulting maps of deformation show an elliptical subsiding area that is approximately 4 km by approximately 1.5 km. Its long axis coincides with the strike of the dominant normal-fault system at Brady. Within this bowl of subsidence, the interference pattern shows several smaller features with length scales of the order of approximately 1 km. This signature occurs consistently in all of the well-correlated interferometric pairs spanning several months. Results from inverse modeling suggest that the deformation is a result of volumetric contraction in shallow units, no deeper than 600 m, that are probably associated with damaged regions where faults interact via thermal (T), hydrological (H), mechanical (M), and chemical (C) processes. Such damaged zones are expected to extend downward along steeply dipping fault planes, providing high-permeability conduits to the production wells. Using time series analysis, we test the hypothesis that geothermal production drives the observed deformation. We find a good correlation between the observed deformation rate and the rate of production in the shallow wells. We explore first-order models to calculate the time-dependent deformation fields produced by coupled processes, including: thermal contraction of rock (T-M coupling), decline in pore pressure (H-M coupling), and dissolution of minerals over time (H-C-M coupling). These processes are related to the heterogeneity of hydro-geological and material properties at the site. This work is part of a project entitled "Poroelastic Tomography by Adjoint Inverse Modeling of Data from Seismology, Geodesy, and Hydrology" (PoroTomo) http://geoscience.wisc.edu/feigl/porotomo. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Feigl, K L AU - Ali, S T AU - Akerley, J AU - Baluyut, E AU - Cardiff, M A AU - Davatzes, N C AU - Foxall, W AU - Fratta, D AU - Kreemer, C AU - Mellors, R J AU - Lopeman, J AU - Spielman, P AU - Wang, H F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract T13E EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789750844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Time-dependent+deformation+at+Brady+Hot+springs+geothermal+field+%28Nevada%29+measured+with+interferometric+synthetic+aperture+radar+and+modeled+with+multiple+working+hypotheses+of+coupled+behavior&rft.au=Feigl%2C+K+L%3BAli%2C+S+T%3BAkerley%2C+J%3BBaluyut%2C+E%3BCardiff%2C+M+A%3BDavatzes%2C+N+C%3BFoxall%2C+W%3BFratta%2C+D%3BKreemer%2C+C%3BMellors%2C+R+J%3BLopeman%2C+J%3BSpielman%2C+P%3BWang%2C+H+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Feigl&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled THMC models for bentonite in clay repository for nuclear waste AN - 1789748815; 2016-044866 AB - Illitization, the transformation of smectite to illite, could compromise some beneficiary features of an engineered barrier system (EBS) that is composed primarily of bentonite and clay host rock. It is a major determining factor to establish the maximum design temperature of the repositories because it is believed that illitization could be greatly enhanced at temperatures higher than 100 degrees C and thus significantly lower the sorption and swelling capacity of bentonite and clay rock. However, existing experimental and modeling studies on the occurrence of illitization and related performance impacts are not conclusive, in part because the relevant couplings between the thermal, hydrological, chemical, and mechanical (THMC) processes have not been fully represented in the models. Here we present fully coupled THMC simulations of a generic nuclear waste repository in a clay formation with bentonite-backfilled EBS. Two scenarios were simulated for comparison: a case in which the temperature in the bentonite near the waste canister can reach about 200 degrees C and a case in which the temperature in the bentonite near the waste canister peaks at about 100 degrees C. The model simulations demonstrate that illitization is in general more significant at higher temperatures. We also compared the chemical changes and the resulting swelling stress change for two types of bentonite: Kunigel-VI and FEBEX bentonite. Higher temperatures also lead to much higher stress in the near field, caused by thermal pressurization and vapor pressure buildup in the EBS bentonite and clay host rock. Chemical changes lead to a reduction in swelling stress, which is more pronounced for Kunigel-VI bentonite than for FEBEX bentonite. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zheng, L AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Li, Yanmei AU - Anguiano, Horacio Hernandez AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract T13E EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789748815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Coupled+THMC+models+for+bentonite+in+clay+repository+for+nuclear+waste&rft.au=Zheng%2C+L%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BLi%2C+Yanmei%3BAnguiano%2C+Horacio+Hernandez%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term modeling of coupled processes in a generic salt repository for heat-generating nuclear waste; analysis of the impacts of halite solubility constraints AN - 1789747855; 2016-044868 AB - Rock salt is a potential medium for the underground disposal of nuclear waste because it has several assets, such as its ability to creep and heal fractures and its water and gas tightness in the undisturbed state. In this research, we focus on disposal of heat-generating nuclear waste and we consider a generic salt repository with in-drift emplacement of waste packages and crushed salt backfill. As the natural salt creeps, the crushed salt backfill gets progressively compacted and an engineered barrier system is subsequently created. The safety requirements for such a repository impose that long time scales be considered, during which the integrity of the natural and engineered barriers have to be demonstrated. In order to evaluate this long-term integrity, we perform numerical modeling based on state-of-the-art knowledge. Here, we analyze the impacts of halite dissolution and precipitation within the backfill and the host rock. For this purpose, we use an enhanced equation-of-state module of TOUGH2 that properly includes temperature-dependent solubility constraints. We perform coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical modeling and we investigate the influence of the mentioned impacts. The TOUGH-FLAC simulator, adapted for large strains and creep, is used. In order to quantify the importance of salt dissolution and precipitation on the effective porosity, permeability, pore pressure, temperature and stress field, we compare numerical results that include or disregard fluids of variable salinity. The sensitivity of the results to some parameters, such as the initial saturation within the backfill, is also addressed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Blanco Martin, L AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Battistelli, Alfredo AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract T13E EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789747855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Long-term+modeling+of+coupled+processes+in+a+generic+salt+repository+for+heat-generating+nuclear+waste%3B+analysis+of+the+impacts+of+halite+solubility+constraints&rft.au=Blanco+Martin%2C+L%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BBattistelli%2C+Alfredo%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blanco+Martin&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fast algorithm for continuous monitoring with ambient noise AN - 1789747716; 2016-044824 AB - A common approach to analyzing ambient seismic noise involves O(n (super 2) ) pairwise cross-correlations of n sensors. Following cross-correlations the resulting coherent waveforms are then synthesized into a velocity estimate, often in the form of a dispersion image. As we move towards larger surveys and arrays for continuous subsurface monitoring, this computation can become prohibitively expensive. We show that theoretically equivalent results can be achieved by a simple algorithm which skips the cross-correlations, and scales as O(n). Additionally, this algorithm is embarrassingly parallel, and is significantly cheaper than the commonly used algorithms. We demonstrate the algorithm on two field data sets: (1) a continuously recording linear trenched distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) array designed as a pilot test to develop a permafrost thaw monitoring system, and (2) the Long Beach Array, an irregularly spaced 3D array. These results show superior performance in both speed and numerical accuracy. An open-source implementation of this algorithm is available. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Martin, E R AU - Lindsey, N AU - Biondi, B C AU - Chang, J P AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Dou, S AU - Daley, T M AU - Freifeld, B M AU - Robertson, M AU - Ulrich, C AU - Wagner, Anna M AU - Bjella, Kevin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S41B EP - 2745 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789747716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Fast+algorithm+for+continuous+monitoring+with+ambient+noise&rft.au=Martin%2C+E+R%3BLindsey%2C+N%3BBiondi%2C+B+C%3BChang%2C+J+P%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BDou%2C+S%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BFreifeld%2C+B+M%3BRobertson%2C+M%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BWagner%2C+Anna+M%3BBjella%2C+Kevin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is $50/MWh solar for real? Falling project prices and rising capacity factors drive utility-scale PV toward economic competitiveness AN - 1785233292; PQ0002830265 AB - Recently announced low-priced power purchase agreements (PPAs) for US utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) projects suggest $50/MWh solar might be viable under certain conditions. To explore this possibility, this paper draws on an increasing wealth of empirical data to analyze trends in three of the most important PPA price drivers: upfront installed project prices, operations, and maintenance (O&M) costs, and capacity factors. Average installed prices among a sample of utility-scale PV projects declined by more than one third (from $5.8/W sub(AC) to $3.7/W sub(AC)) from the 2007-2009 period through 2013, even as costlier systems with crystalline-silicon modules, sun tracking, and higher inverter loading ratios (ILRs) have constituted an increasing proportion of total utility-scale PV capacity (all values shown here are in 2013 dollars). Actual and projected O&M costs from a very small sample of projects appear to range from $20-$40/kW sub(AC)-year. The average net capacity factor is 30% for projects installed in 2012, up from 24% for projects installed in 2010, owing to better solar resources, higher ILRs, and greater use of tracking among the more recent projects. Based on these trends, a pro-forma financial model suggests that $50/MWh utility-scale PV is achievable using a combination of aggressive-but-achievable technical and financial input parameters (including receipt of the 30% federal investment tax credit). Although the US utility-scale PV market is still young, the rapid progress in the key metrics documented in this paper has made PV a viable competitor against other utility-scale renewable generators, and even conventional peaking generators, in certain regions of the country. Recent power purchase agreements for utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) projects in the USA suggest $50/MWh solar is viable under certain conditions (including receipt of the 30% federal investment tax credit). This paper draws on an increasing wealth of empirical data to document progress in installed prices, operating costs, and capacity factors among utility-scale PV projects. It then uses a pro forma financial model to demonstrate that aggressive-but-achievable inputs drawn from the empirical data do indeed support $50/MWh solar. JF - Progress in Photovoltaics AU - Bolinger, Mark AU - Weaver, Samantha AU - Zuboy, Jarett AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 1847 EP - 1856 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 23 IS - 12 SN - 1062-7995, 1062-7995 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Photovoltaics KW - Taxation KW - USA KW - Sun KW - Economics KW - Operating costs KW - Competition KW - Maintenance KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1785233292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+Photovoltaics&rft.atitle=Is+%2450%2FMWh+solar+for+real%3F+Falling+project+prices+and+rising+capacity+factors+drive+utility-scale+PV+toward+economic+competitiveness&rft.au=Bolinger%2C+Mark%3BWeaver%2C+Samantha%3BZuboy%2C+Jarett&rft.aulast=Bolinger&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1847&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+Photovoltaics&rft.issn=10627995&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpip.2630 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Taxation; Photovoltaics; Operating costs; Economics; Sun; Competition; Maintenance; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pip.2630 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The movement of sequestrated CO (sub 2) revealed by seismic attenuation spatial and temporal changes in Frio-II site, USA AN - 1784736234; 2016-038047 AB - Continuous active source seismic measurements (CASSM) were collected in the crosswell geometry during scCO (sub 2) injection at the Frio-II brine pilot (Liberty, TX). Previous studies (Daley et.al. 2007, 2011) have demonstrated that spatial-temporal changes in the picked first arrival time after CO (sub 2) injection constrain the movement of the CO (sub 2) plume in the storage interval. To improve the quantitative constraints on plume saturation using this dataset, we investigate spatial-temporal changes in the seismic attenuation of the first arrivals. The attenuation changes over the injection period ( approximately 60 h) are estimated by the amount of the centroid frequency shift computed by the local time-frequency analysis. Our observations include: at receivers above the packer seismic attenuation does not change in a physical trend; at receivers below the packer attenuation sharply increases as the amount of CO (sub 2) plume increase at the first few hours and peaks at specific points varying with distributed receivers, which are consistent with observations from time delays of first arrivals. Then, attenuation decreases over the injection time with increased amount of CO (sub 2) plume. This bell-shaped attenuation response as a function of time in the experiment is consistent with White's patchy saturation model which predicts an attenuation peak at intermediate CO (sub 2) saturations. Our analysis suggests that spatial-temporal attenuation change is an indicator of the movement/saturation of CO (sub 2) plume at high saturations, a system state for which seismic measurements are typically only weakly sensitive to. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhu, T AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Daley, T M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S21A EP - 2675 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784736234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+movement+of+sequestrated+CO+%28sub+2%29+revealed+by+seismic+attenuation+spatial+and+temporal+changes+in+Frio-II+site%2C+USA&rft.au=Zhu%2C+T%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining the impact of induced seismicity; a fully integrated modeling approach AN - 1784735907; 2016-037993 AB - While the concept of fluid-induced seismic activity has been studied over the last few decades, the increase in felt--and sometimes damaging--events over the last few years has escalated the need to be able to model the ongoing processes and forecast possible seismicity. For a complete estimate of the impact of a proposed fluid injection, it is important to include hazard estimates into the calculations. Here we introduce the combination of the RSQsim earthquake simulator and the RiskCat code. The physics-based earthquake simulator RSQsim is based on rate-state friction and was originally designed to model large-scale scenarios, such as for example those for UCERF3. The creators recently added the possibility to account for pressure increases due to fluid injections within RSQsim. The knowledge about the pore-pressure distribution is added to the increase in stresses due to tectonic loading. We use the output of the RSQsim simulations as input for the RiskCat calculations in order to determine hazard rates. Here we present calculations based on a fault set-up with realistic values found in the Southern San Joaquin Valley. The pore-pressure distributions needed for the input into RSQsim are calculated with the TOUGH code framework. Through TOUGH, we obtain complex pore-pressure time histories, based on realistic examples. By having these input values, we create a more realistic scenario of the expected seismic activity and the hazard levels. We propose that methods like this will be used in advance of fluid injections for prospective projects. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bachmann, C E AU - Foxall, W AU - Jeanne, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract S13B EP - 2839 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784735907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Determining+the+impact+of+induced+seismicity%3B+a+fully+integrated+modeling+approach&rft.au=Bachmann%2C+C+E%3BFoxall%2C+W%3BJeanne%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Practical notes on local data-worth analysis AN - 1780522295; PQ0002832035 AB - These notes discuss the usefulness, limitations, and potential pitfalls of using sensitivity indices as a means to evaluate data worth and to guide the formulation and solution of inverse problems. A sensitivity analysis examines changes in model output variables with respect to changes in model input parameters. It appears straightforward to use this information to select influential parameters that should be subjected to estimation by inverse modeling and to identify the observations that contain information about these parameters and thus may be useful as calibration points. However, the results of such a sensitivity analysis do not account for parameter correlations and redundancies in observations and may not properly separate between calibration and prediction targets if used as criteria that guide inverse modeling; they may thus yield misleading recommendations about parameter identifiability and data worth. These issues (and some remedies) are discussed using an illustrative example, in which we examine the value of data sets potentially used for the calibration of a geothermal reservoir model. These notes highlight the importance of carefully formulating the objectives of a simulation study, which controls the setup of the inverse problem and related data needs. Key Points: * Scaling factors used in composite sensitivity and data-worth analyses need to account for objectives * Data worth should be evaluated based on reduction in prediction uncertainty below acceptable level * A data-worth analysis accounts for parameter correlations and data redundancies JF - Water Resources Research AU - Finsterle, Stefan AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 9904 EP - 9924 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 51 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Reservoir KW - Correlations KW - Remedies KW - Water resources KW - Identification keys KW - Sensitivity Analysis KW - Yield KW - Calibrations KW - Reservoir models KW - Reservoirs KW - Illustrations KW - Simulation KW - Identification KW - Model Studies KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Numerical simulations KW - Water resources research KW - Scaling KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09144:Regional studies, expeditions and data reports KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780522295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Practical+notes+on+local+data-worth+analysis&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+Stefan&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=9904&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR017445 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reservoir; Illustrations; Water resources; Simulation; Identification; Identification keys; Numerical simulations; Reservoir models; Sensitivity analysis; Correlations; Water resources research; Sensitivity Analysis; Prediction; Yield; Calibrations; Remedies; Reservoirs; Scaling; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017445 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of a bacterial 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase reduces lignin content and improves biomass saccharification efficiency AN - 1780517214; PQ0002829976 AB - Lignin confers recalcitrance to plant biomass used as feedstocks in agro-processing industries or as source of renewable sugars for the production of bioproducts. The metabolic steps for the synthesis of lignin building blocks belong to the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways. Genetic engineering efforts to reduce lignin content typically employ gene knockout or gene silencing techniques to constitutively repress one of these metabolic pathways. Recently, new strategies have emerged offering better spatiotemporal control of lignin deposition, including the expression of enzymes that interfere with the normal process for cell wall lignification. In this study, we report that expression of a 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase (QsuB from Corynebacterium glutamicum) reduces lignin deposition in Arabidopsis cell walls. QsuB was targeted to the plastids to convert 3-dehydroshikimate - an intermediate of the shikimate pathway - into protocatechuate. Compared to wild-type plants, lines expressing QsuB contain higher amounts of protocatechuate, p-coumarate, p-coumaraldehyde and p-coumaryl alcohol, and lower amounts of coniferaldehyde, coniferyl alcohol, sinapaldehyde and sinapyl alcohol. 2D-NMR spectroscopy and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (pyro-GC/MS) reveal an increase of p-hydroxyphenyl units and a reduction of guaiacyl units in the lignin of QsuB lines. Size-exclusion chromatography indicates a lower degree of lignin polymerization in the transgenic lines. Therefore, our data show that the expression of QsuB primarily affects the lignin biosynthetic pathway. Finally, biomass from these lines exhibits more than a twofold improvement in saccharification efficiency. We conclude that the expression of QsuB in plants, in combination with specific promoters, is a promising gain-of-function strategy for spatiotemporal reduction of lignin in plant biomass. JF - Plant Biotechnology Journal AU - Eudes, Aymerick AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Baidoo, Edward EK AU - George, Anthe AU - Liang, Yan AU - Yang, Fan AU - Singh, Seema AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Loque, Dominique AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 1241 EP - 1250 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 13 IS - 9 SN - 1467-7644, 1467-7644 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - Sugar KW - Plastids KW - Polymerization KW - Data processing KW - Chromatography KW - sinapyl alcohol KW - Enzymes KW - Biomass KW - Spectroscopy KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Corynebacterium glutamicum KW - Promoters KW - Genetic engineering KW - Lignin KW - alcohols KW - Metabolic pathways KW - Arabidopsis KW - phenylpropanoids KW - Gene silencing KW - Cell walls KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780517214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Biotechnology+Journal&rft.atitle=Expression+of+a+bacterial+3-dehydroshikimate+dehydratase+reduces+lignin+content+and+improves+biomass+saccharification+efficiency&rft.au=Eudes%2C+Aymerick%3BSathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward+EK%3BGeorge%2C+Anthe%3BLiang%2C+Yan%3BYang%2C+Fan%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BLoque%2C+Dominique&rft.aulast=Eudes&rft.aufirst=Aymerick&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Biotechnology+Journal&rft.issn=14677644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fpbi.12310 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Data processing; Polymerization; Plastids; Chromatography; sinapyl alcohol; Enzymes; Spectroscopy; Biomass; Mass spectroscopy; Promoters; Genetic engineering; Lignin; Metabolic pathways; alcohols; phenylpropanoids; Cell walls; Gene silencing; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Bacteria; Arabidopsis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12310 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feasibility and costs of natural gas as a bridge to deep decarbonization in the United States AN - 1777473117; 2016-028224 AB - Achieving emissions reductions consistent with a 2 degree Celsius global warming target requires nearly complete replacement of traditional fossil fuel combustion with near-zero carbon energy technologies in the United States by 2050. There are multiple technological change pathways consistent with this deep decarbonization, including strategies that rely on renewable energy, nuclear, and carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. The replacement of coal-fired power plants with natural gas-fired power plants has also been suggested as a bridge strategy to achieve near-term emissions reduction targets. These gas plants, however, would need to be replaced by near-zero energy technologies or retrofitted with CCS by 2050 in order to achieve longer-term targets. Here we examine the costs and feasibility of a natural gas bridge strategy. Using the Global Change Assessment (GCAM) model, we develop multiple scenarios that each meet the recent US Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) to reduce GHG emissions by 26%-28% below its 2005 levels in 2025, as well as a deep decarbonization target of 80% emissions reductions below 1990 levels by 2050. We find that the gas bridge strategy requires that gas plants be retired on average 20 years earlier than their designed lifetime of 45 years, a potentially challenging outcome to achieve from a policy perspective. Using a more idealized model, we examine the net energy system costs of this gas bridge strategy compared to one in which near-zero energy technologies are deployed in the near tem. We explore the sensitivity of these cost results to four factors: the discount rate applied to future costs, the length (or start year) of the gas bridge, the relative capital cost of natural gas vs. near-zero energy technology, and the fuel price of natural gas. The discount rate and cost factors are found to be more important than the length of the bridge. However, we find an important interaction as well. At low discount rates, the gas bridge is more expensive and a shorter bridge is preferred. At high discount rates, the gas bridge is less expensive and a longer bridge is preferred. This result indicates that the valuation of future expenditures relative to present day expenditures is a major factor in determining the merits of a gas bridge strategy. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jones, Andrew D AU - McJeon, Haewon C AU - Muratori, Matteo AU - Shi, Wenjong AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract GC33A EP - 1271 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777473117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Feasibility+and+costs+of+natural+gas+as+a+bridge+to+deep+decarbonization+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Jones%2C+Andrew+D%3BMcJeon%2C+Haewon+C%3BMuratori%2C+Matteo%3BShi%2C+Wenjong%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen cycling within an alluvial aquifer during groundwater fluctuations AN - 1777472892; 2016-028137 AB - Subsurface terrestrial-aquatic interfaces are hotspots of biogeochemical cycling of terrestrially derived organic matter and nutrients. However, pathways of nitrogen (N) loss within subsurface aquifers are poorly understood. Here we take an experimental and mechanistic modeling approach to gauge the contribution of different microbial functional groups to the transformation and loss of N in an unconfined aquifer at Rifle, Colorado. During 2014 we measured nitrate (NO (sub 3) ), ammonia, gaseous nitrous oxide (N (sub 2) O) and the corresponding isotopic composition of NO (sub 3) and N (sub 2) O. Coincident with an annual Spring/ Summer excursion in groundwater elevation, we observed a rapid decline in NO (sub 3) concentrations at three discrete depths (2, 2.5 and 3 m) within the aquifer. Isotopic measurements (i.e., delta (super 18) O and delta (super 15) N) of NO (sub 3) suggest an immediate onset of biological N loss at 2 m, but not at 3 m where the isotopic composition demonstrated dilution of NO (sub 3) concentration prior to the onset of biological N loss. This implies that the groundwater becomes increasingly anoxic as it rises within the capillary fringe. We observed the highest rates of N (sub 2) O production concomitant with the largest enrichment of the delta (super 18) O (sub NO3) and delta (super 15) N (sub NO3) isotopes. A mechanistic microbial model representing the diverse physiology of nitrifiers, aerobic and anaerobic (denitrifying) heterotrophs and anammox bacteria indicates that the bulk of N (sub 2) O production and N loss is attributable to denitrifying heterotrophs. However, this relationship is dependent on the coupling between aerobic and anaerobic microbial guilds at the oxic-anoxic interface. Modeling results suggest anammox plays a more prominent role in N loss under conditions where the organic matter input is low and rapidly drawn down by aerobic heterotrophs prior to the rise of the water table. We discuss our modeling results in light of recent molecular microbiology work at this site, but also with respect to implications for N loss across terrestrial-aquatic interfaces. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bouskill, Nicholas AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Bill, Markus AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Forbes, Matthew Sean AU - Casciotti, Karen L AU - Williams, Kenneth Hurst AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B21C EP - 0460 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777472892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+cycling+within+an+alluvial+aquifer+during+groundwater+fluctuations&rft.au=Bouskill%2C+Nicholas%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BForbes%2C+Matthew+Sean%3BCasciotti%2C+Karen+L%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+Hurst%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bouskill&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and transport of methane formed in the active layer of Alaskan permafrost AN - 1777472750; 2016-028150 AB - Over the past 2 years a series of tracer tests designed to estimate rates of methane formation via acetoclastic methanogenesis in the active layer of permafrost soils were conducted at the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) in northernmost Alaska. The tracer tests consisted of extracting 0.5 to 1.0 liters of soil water in gas-tight bags from different features of polygons at the BEO, followed by addition of a tracer cocktail including acetate with a (super 13) C-labeled methyl group and D (sub 2) O (as a conservative tracer) into the soil water and injection of the mixture back into the original extraction site. Samples were then taken at depths of 30 cm (just above the bottom of the active layer), 20 cm, 10 cm and surface flux to determine the fate of the (super 13) C-labeled acetate. During 2014 (2015 results are pending) water, soil gas, and flux gas were sampled for 60 days following injection of the tracer solution. Those samples were analyzed for concentrations and isotopic compositions of CH (sub 4) , DIC/CO (sub 2) and water. At one site (the trough of a low-centered polygon) the (super 13) C acetate was completely converted to (super 13) CH (sub 4) within the first 2 days. The signal persisted for throughout the entire monitoring period at the injection depth with little evidence of transport or oxidation in any of the other sampling depths. In the saturated center of the same polygon, the acetate was also rapidly converted to (super 13) CH (sub 4) , but water turnover caused the signal to rapidly dissipate. High delta (super 13) C CO (sub 2) in flux samples from the polygon center indicate oxidation of the (super 13) CH (sub 4) in near-surface waters. Conversely, CH (sub 4) production in the center of an unsaturated, flat-centered polygon was relatively small (super 13) CH (sub 4) and dissipated rapidly without any evidence of either (super 13) CH (sub 4) transport to shallower levels or oxidation. At another site in the edge of that polygon no (super 13) CH (sub 4) was produced, but significant (super 13) CO (sub 2) /DIC was observed indicating direct aerobic oxidation of the acetate was occurring at this site. These results suggest that a longer thaw season resulting from a warming climate may increase the net CH (sub 4) flux from saturated polygonal features, but that effect may be minimized by increased drainage due to degradation of low-centered centered polygons. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Curtis, John Bryan AU - Smith, Lydia J AU - Bill, Markus AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B21D EP - 0496 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777472750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Fate+and+transport+of+methane+formed+in+the+active+layer+of+Alaskan+permafrost&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Mark+E%3BCurtis%2C+John+Bryan%3BSmith%2C+Lydia+J%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pressure effect on dissimilatory sulfate reduction AN - 1777472693; 2016-028151 AB - Biosouring is the production of H2S by sulfate reducing microorganisms (SRM) in-situ or in the produced fluids of oil reservoirs. Sulfide is explosive, toxic and corrosive which can trigger equipment and transportation failure, leading to environmental catastrophe. As oil exploration and reservoir development continue, subsequent enhanced recovery is occurring in progressively deeper formations and typical oil reservoir pressures range from 10-50 MPa. Therefore, an understanding of souring control effects will require an accurate understanding of the influence of pressure on SRM metabolism and the efficacy of souring control treatments at high pressure. Considerable work to date has focussed on souring control at ambient pressure; however, the influence of pressure on biogeochemical processes and souring treatments in oil reservoirs is poorly understood. To explore the impact of pressure on SRM, wild type Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20 (isolated from a producing oil well in Ventura County, California) was grown under a range of pressures (0.1-14 MPa) at 30 degrees C. Complete sulfate reduction occurred in all pressures tested within 3 days, but microbial growth was inhibited with increasing pressure. Bar-seq identified several genes associated with flagella biosynthesis (including FlhB) and assembly as important for survival at elevated pressure and fitness was confirmed using individual transposon mutants. Flagellar genes have previously been implicated with biofilm formation and confocal microscopy on glass slides incubated with wild type D. alaskensis G20 showed more biomass associated with surfaces under pressure, highlighting the link between pressure, flagellar and biofilm formation. To determine the effect of pressure on the efficacy of SRM inhibitors, IC50 experiments were conducted and D. alaskensis G20 showed a greater resistance to nitrate and the antibiotic chloramphenicol, but a lower resistance to perchlorate. These results will be discussed in the context of deep subsurface microbiology and oil reservoir biosouring. Overall, this work furthers our understanding of oil reservoir biogeochemistry and highlights the impact of pressure on biofilm formation and biosouring strategies. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Williamson, Adam John AU - Carlson, Hans K AU - Coates, John D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B21D EP - 0498 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777472693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Pressure+effect+on+dissimilatory+sulfate+reduction&rft.au=Williamson%2C+Adam+John%3BCarlson%2C+Hans+K%3BCoates%2C+John+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williamson&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Explicit representation of microbes, enzymes, mineral surfaces, and isotopic tracers helps explain soil organic carbon decomposition and priming AN - 1777472691; 2016-028157 AB - Increased plant carbon inputs from CO (sub 2) fertilization could accelerate native soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition through the priming effect. Although this increase in SOC turnover rate due to priming might have important consequences for SOC dynamics, there are large uncertainties in the sign and magnitude of priming, as well as large challenges in identifying underlying mechanisms. Current SOC models, mostly based on first-order decomposition representations, do no represent many important biotic and abiotic processes, including the priming effect. The incorporation of explicit biotic and abiotic interactions in modeling SOC decomposition may improve our ability to accurately predict SOC dynamics. In this study, we (1) develop a microbe-explicit SOC decomposition model to simulate SOC turnovers and priming and (2) test the model with a soil incubation experiment with (super 14) C-labeled glucose addition. We report (1) the evolutions of modeled carbon pools, (2) the fate of (super 14) C labeled glucose addition, (3) the model performance compared to observations, (4) the transient behavior of priming components, and (5) an analysis of the effects of carbon input magnitudes and frequencies on the priming effect. Here are some findings from our model-experiment analyses: (1) the inclusion of an extracellular oxidative metabolism (EXOMET) in addition to intracellular microbial respiration helps improve the model performance; (2) priming is dominated by intracellular microbial respiration at the beginning of incubation ( approximately first 5 days) but later on dominated by EXOMET, which explains observed long-term sustaining priming; (3) the varying magnitudes of glucose addition do not change the magnitude of priming per unit addition; (4) the varying frequencies of glucose addition change the magnitude of priming per unit addition, but with contrast changing patterns for non-steady-state and steady state simulations; (5) constant annual total glucose addition shift the system to another steady state (saturated priming), while rising annual addition supports a long-term sustaining priming; (6) priming per unit glucose addition in non-steady-state simulations is much larger than that in steady-state simulations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zhu, Xudong AU - Tang, Jiyun AU - Riley, William J AU - Wallenstein, Matthew D AU - Cotrufo, M Francesca AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B21J EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777472691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Explicit+representation+of+microbes%2C+enzymes%2C+mineral+surfaces%2C+and+isotopic+tracers+helps+explain+soil+organic+carbon+decomposition+and+priming&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Xudong%3BTang%2C+Jiyun%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BWallenstein%2C+Matthew+D%3BCotrufo%2C+M+Francesca%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Xudong&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lab-scale investigation of multi-dimensional relationships between soil intrinsic properties to improve estimation of soil organic and ice content using novel core imaging and geophysical techniques in Arctic tundra AN - 1777469788; 2016-030808 AB - Shallow permafrost distribution and characteristics are important for predicting ecosystem feedbacks to a changing climate over decadal to century timescales. These can drive active layer deepening and land surface deformation, which in turn can significantly affect hydrological and biogeochemical responses, including greenhouse gas dynamics. Investigating permafrost soil intrinsic properties generally involves time-consuming and expensive lab-based analysis of few soil cores over a large area and extrapolating between points to characterize spatial variations in soil properties. Geophysical techniques provide lower resolution data over a spatially large area and when coupled with high-resolution point data can potentially estimate with greater accuracy the spatial variation of investigated properties, thus limiting the difficulty of collecting many soil cores in remote areas. As part of the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE-Arctic), we investigate multi-dimensional relationships between various permafrost intrinsic soil properties, and further linkages with geophysical parameters such as density from X-ray computed tomography (CT) and electrical conductivity from electrical resistance tomography (ERT) to evaluate how best to constrain estimation of properties as soil organic carbon content, ice content and saturation across low- to high-centered polygon features in the arctic tundra. Results of this study enable the quantification of the multi-dimensional relationships between intrinsic properties, which can be further used to constrain estimation of such properties from geophysical data and/or where limited core-based information is available. This study also enables the identification of the key controls on soil electrical resistivity and density at the investigated permafrost site, including salinity, porosity, water content, ice content, soil organic matter, and lithological properties. Overall, inferred multi-dimensional relationships and related uncertainty enable probabilistic mapping of key parameters (organic content, ice content, etc.) using density and soil structural information from CT and bulk electrical resistivity. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Lopez, Robin D AU - Peterson, John AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract C11C EP - 0788 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777469788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Lab-scale+investigation+of+multi-dimensional+relationships+between+soil+intrinsic+properties+to+improve+estimation+of+soil+organic+and+ice+content+using+novel+core+imaging+and+geophysical+techniques+in+Arctic+tundra&rft.au=Ulrich%2C+Craig%3BDafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BWu%2C+Yuxin%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BLopez%2C+Robin+D%3BPeterson%2C+John%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ulrich&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of reduced-order modeling to uncertainty in the vulnerability of permafrost carbon to climate change AN - 1777469718; 2016-028152 AB - Earth System Models (ESMs) are used to estimate terrestrial feedbacks to climate change, such as the permafrost-carbon feedback. Fully characterizing the range of possible future behavior given uncertainty in model structure and parameterization is computationally expensive. Because current ESMs typically employ land models with non-interacting gridcells, there is an opportunity for computational speedup by simulating a subset of the gridcells that are representative of the full model grid. Here, we use a reduced-order modeling technique Gappy Principle Orthogonal Decomposition with Empirical Interpolation (GPOD-EIP) to demonstrate the feasibility of efficiently characterizing the range of future responses to climate. We analyze 31 variable-configuration simulations in the Community Land Model 4.5 (CLM4.5) with GPOD-EIP and create a 20-element POD basis representing the characteristic spatial patterns of soil carbon concentration along with a representative subset of 20 to 100 of the original 20975 gridcells. We train GPOD-EIP with 10 of the 31 simulations chosen adaptively, and reconstruct the time-varying soil carbon distribution in the remaining simulations with a relative error of less than 1%. Highly-variable quantities such as the latent heat flux require a much larger basis and gridcell subset for accurate reconstruction, although their global-mean can be represented more readily. We demonstrate the use of GPOD-EIP in uncertainty quantification by efficiently characterizing the dependence of future carbon feedback on the explicit depth-dependence of soil carbon decomposition, interpolating between the extreme cases investigated in a recent published analysis. We conclude that GPOD-EIP represents a promising reduced-order modeling technique for ESM land-model data and other applications where gridded spatial fields need to be efficiently emulated. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Subin, Zachary M AU - Pau, George Shu Heng AU - Liu, Yaning AU - Riley, William J AU - Koven, Charles AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B21D EP - 0501 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777469718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Application+of+reduced-order+modeling+to+uncertainty+in+the+vulnerability+of+permafrost+carbon+to+climate+change&rft.au=Subin%2C+Zachary+M%3BPau%2C+George+Shu+Heng%3BLiu%2C+Yaning%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Subin&rft.aufirst=Zachary&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elemental composition of extant microbialites; mineral and microbial carbon AN - 1777469676; 2016-028118 AB - Microbialites are the modern analogues of ancient microbial consortia. Their existence extends from the Archaean ( approximately 3500 mya) until present and their lithified structure evidences the capacity of microbial communities to mediate mineral precipitation. Living microbialites are a useful study model to test the mechanisms involved in carbonates and other minerals precipitation. Here, we studied the chemical composition, the biomass and the microbial structure of extant microbialites. All of these were found in Mexico, in water systems of different and characteristic ionic firms. An elemental analysis (C:N) of microbial biomass was performed and total P was determined. To explore the chemical composition of microbialites as a whole, X-ray diffraction analyses were performed over dry microbialites. While overall inorganic carbon content (carbonates) represented >70% of the living layer, a protocol of inorganic carbon elimination was performed for each sample resulting in organic matter contents between 8 and 16% among microbialites. Stoichiometric ratios of C:N:P in microbialite biomass were different among samples, and the possibility of P limitation was suggested mainly for karstic microbialites, N limitation was suggested for all samples and, more intensively, for soda system microbialites. A differential capacity for biomass allocation among microbialites was observed. Microbialites showed, along the biogeographic gradient, a diverse arrangement of microbial assemblages within the mineral matrix. While environmental factors such as pH and nitrate concentration were the factors that defined the general structure and diversity of these assemblages, we intend to test if the abundance of major ions and trace metals are also defining microbialite characteristics (such as microbial structure and biomass). This work contributes to define a baseline of the chemical nature of extant microbial consortia actively participating in mineral precipitation processes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Valdespino-Castillo, Patricia M AU - Falcon, Luisa I AU - Holman, Hoi-Ying N AU - Merino-Ibarra, Martin AU - Garcia-Guzman, Mariana AU - Lopez-Gomez, Luz Maria del Refugio AU - Martinez, Jesus AU - Alcantara-Hernandez, Rocio J AU - Beltran, Yislem AU - Centeno, Carla AU - Cerqueda-Garcia, Daniel AU - Pi-Puig, Teresa AU - Castillo, F Sergio AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - Abstract B21C EP - 0434 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2015 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777469676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Elemental+composition+of+extant+microbialites%3B+mineral+and+microbial+carbon&rft.au=Valdespino-Castillo%2C+Patricia+M%3BFalcon%2C+Luisa+I%3BHolman%2C+Hoi-Ying+N%3BMerino-Ibarra%2C+Martin%3BGarcia-Guzman%2C+Mariana%3BLopez-Gomez%2C+Luz+Maria+del+Refugio%3BMartinez%2C+Jesus%3BAlcantara-Hernandez%2C+Rocio+J%3BBeltran%2C+Yislem%3BCenteno%2C+Carla%3BCerqueda-Garcia%2C+Daniel%3BPi-Puig%2C+Teresa%3BCastillo%2C+F+Sergio%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Valdespino-Castillo&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2015 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An ontology to represent energy-related occupant behavior in buildings. Part II: Implementation of the DNAS framework using an XML schema AN - 1770371396; PQ0002261713 AB - Energy-related occupant behavior in buildings is difficult to define and quantify, yet critical to our understanding of total building energy consumption. Part I of this two-part paper introduced the DNAS (Drivers, Needs, Actions and Systems) framework, to standardize the description of energy-related occupant behavior in buildings. Part II of this paper implements the DNAS framework into an XML (eXtensible Markup Language) schema, titled 'occupant behavior XML' (obXML). The obXML schema is used for the practical implementation of the DNAS framework into building simulation tools. The topology of the DNAS framework implemented in the obXML schema has a main root element OccupantBehavior, linking three main elements representing Buildings, Occupants and Behaviors. Using the schema structure, the actions of turning on an air conditioner and closing blinds provide two examples of how the schema standardizes these actions using XML. The obXML schema has inherent flexibility to represent numerous, diverse and complex types of occupant behaviors in buildings, and it can also be expanded to encompass new types of behaviors. The implementation of the DNAS framework into the obXML schema will facilitate the development of occupant information modeling (OIM) by providing interoperability between occupant behavior models and building energy modeling programs. JF - Building and Environment AU - Hong, Tianzhen AU - D'Oca, Simona AU - Taylor-Lange, Sarah C AU - Turner, William JN AU - Chen, Yixing AU - Corgnati, Stefano P AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 196 EP - 205 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 94 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Occupant behavior KW - Building simulation KW - Energy modeling KW - XML schema KW - Building energy consumption KW - obXML KW - Blinds KW - Flexibility KW - Interoperability KW - Simulation KW - Extensible Markup Language KW - Deoxyribonucleic acid KW - XML KW - Buildings KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770371396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=An+ontology+to+represent+energy-related+occupant+behavior+in+buildings.+Part+II%3A+Implementation+of+the+DNAS+framework+using+an+XML+schema&rft.au=Hong%2C+Tianzhen%3BD%27Oca%2C+Simona%3BTaylor-Lange%2C+Sarah+C%3BTurner%2C+William+JN%3BChen%2C+Yixing%3BCorgnati%2C+Stefano+P&rft.aulast=Hong&rft.aufirst=Tianzhen&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=&rft.spage=196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2015.08.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.08.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and assessment of a physics-based simulation model to investigate residential PM2.5 infiltration across the US housing stock AN - 1770365051; PQ0002261699 AB - The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Population Impact Assessment Modeling Framework (PIAMF) was expanded to enable determination of indoor PM2.5 concentrations and exposures in a set of 50,000 homes representing the US housing stock. A mass-balance model is used to calculate time-dependent pollutant concentrations within each home. The model includes size- and species-dependent removal mechanisms. The particle model was applied to the housing samples of the Relationship of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA) and The Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS) studies to compare model- and measurement-based estimates of indoor PM2.5 of outdoor origin. Model-derived distributions of infiltration factors (ratio of indoor PM2.5 of outdoor origin to outdoor PM2.5) are compared to measurement-based distributions obtained in studies conducted in 11 US cities. JF - Building and Environment AU - Logue, J M AU - Sherman, M H AU - Lunden, M M AU - Klepeis, N E AU - Williams, R AU - Croghan, C AU - Singer, B C AD - Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 21 EP - 32 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 94 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - PM2.5 KW - Indoor KW - Infiltration KW - Simulation KW - Residential KW - Mathematical models KW - Housing KW - Assessments KW - Origins KW - Outdoor KW - Raw materials KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770365051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Development+and+assessment+of+a+physics-based+simulation+model+to+investigate+residential+PM2.5+infiltration+across+the+US+housing+stock&rft.au=Logue%2C+J+M%3BSherman%2C+M+H%3BLunden%2C+M+M%3BKlepeis%2C+N+E%3BWilliams%2C+R%3BCroghan%2C+C%3BSinger%2C+B+C&rft.aulast=Logue&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2015.06.032 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.06.032 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial ecology of chlorinated solvent biodegradation. AN - 1760928494; 24517489 AB - This study focused on the microbial ecology of tetrachloroethene (PCE) degradation to trichloroethene, cis-1,2-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride to evaluate the relationship between the microbial community and the potential accumulation or degradation of these toxic metabolites. Multiple soil microcosms supplied with different organic substrates were artificially contaminated with PCE. A thymidine analogue, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), was added to the microcosms and incorporated into the DNA of actively replicating cells. We compared the total and active bacterial communities during the 50-day incubations by using phylogenic microarrays and 454 pyrosequencing to identify microorganisms and functional genes associated with PCE degradation to ethene. By use of this integrative approach, both the key community members and the ecological functions concomitant with complete PCE degradation could be determined, including the presence and activity of microbial community members responsible for producing hydrogen and acetate, which are critical for Dehalococcoides-mediated PCE degradation. In addition, by correlation of chemical data and phylogenic microarray data, we identified several bacteria that could potentially oxidize hydrogen. These results demonstrate that PCE degradation is dependent on some microbial community members for production of appropriate metabolites, while other members of the community compete for hydrogen in soil at low redox potentials. JF - Environmental microbiology AU - David, Maude M AU - Cecillon, Sebastien AU - Warne, Brett M AU - Prestat, Emmanuel AU - Jansson, Janet K AU - Vogel, Timothy M AD - Environmental Microbial Genomics group, Laboratoire Ampère, CNRS UMR 5005, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, Ecully, 69134, France. ; Massachussets Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Ecology Department, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 4835 EP - 4850 VL - 17 IS - 12 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - Dichloroethylenes KW - Ethylenes KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S KW - Solvents KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - ethylene KW - 91GW059KN7 KW - Bromodeoxyuridine KW - G34N38R2N1 KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Vinyl Chloride KW - WD06X94M2D KW - 1,2-dichloroethylene KW - XU9RUA6YUT KW - Index Medicus KW - Phylogeny KW - Trichloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Dichloroethylenes -- metabolism KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S -- genetics KW - Halogenation KW - Ethylenes -- biosynthesis KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Vinyl Chloride -- metabolism KW - Microbiota -- physiology KW - Bromodeoxyuridine -- metabolism KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Solvents -- metabolism KW - Chloroflexi -- genetics KW - Chloroflexi -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760928494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Microbial+ecology+of+chlorinated+solvent+biodegradation.&rft.au=David%2C+Maude+M%3BCecillon%2C+Sebastien%3BWarne%2C+Brett+M%3BPrestat%2C+Emmanuel%3BJansson%2C+Janet+K%3BVogel%2C+Timothy+M&rft.aulast=David&rft.aufirst=Maude&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4835&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1462-2920&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1462-2920.12413 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-08-15 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12413 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal, compositional, and compressional demagnetization of cementite AN - 1756505329; 2016-007449 AB - The 1 bar Curie temperature, T (sub C) , at which cementite (anthropogenic form of the mineral cohenite, nominally Fe3C) abruptly loses ferromagnetism, is found to be sensitive to small deviations from the stoichiometric cementite composition. Stoichiometric Fe3C begins to lose magnetic susceptibility at 187 degrees C. The T (sub C) of ferromagnetic loss in cementite falls by about 13-14 degrees C, in either compositional direction, to the limits at either Fe-saturation or graphite-saturation. Formation of C vacancies in, or C stuffings into, Fe3C produces non-stoichiometry, disrupts and weakens the Fe magnetic ordering, and produces excess configurational entropy that is proportional to the disruption magnitude. C-excess ( approximately 0.6 at% C) at graphite-saturation is less than the C-deficiency at Fe-saturation ( approximately 2.6 at% C), so the rate at which Curie T (sub C) drops with cementite C% variation is asymmetric about the stoichiometric composition, being steeper on the C-excess side. This asymmetry reflects the higher excess configurational entropy (and consequently greater weakening of Fe magnetic ordering) generated by C excesses than by C vacancies. The application of approximately 6 GPa pressure to stoichiometric Fe (sub 3) C leads to a drop in T (sub C) , of more than 160 degrees C, to below room T. This large drop in T (sub C) with pressure is shown by loss of ferromagnetism in a specimen compressed in a multi-anvil device at room T. Densely sampled synchrotron XRD cell volumes through the transition pressure interval at room T show that there is also a small drop in compressibility near 6 GPa for non-stoichiometric cementites. C-rich cementite retains its magnetism to approximately 1 GPa higher P than C-poor cementite. The drop in TC with pressure for stoichiometric cementite was tracked in an externally heated diamond-anvil cell by the jump in thermal expansion experienced when cementite loses its magnetostriction above T (sub C) (Wood et al. 2004; Litasov et al. 2013). T (sub C) drops parabolically with pressure, as do the Invar alloys (Leger et al. 1972; Winterrose et al. 2009). Both high T and P favor the magnetically disordered (Curie) paramagnetic over the ferromagnetic form of cementite. The observed large positive change in thermal expansion and small negative change in compressibility at the TC transition give a good quantitative account of the negative dT (sub C) /dP slope mapped by the ferro-paramagnetic phase stability boundary through Ehrenfest's (1933) second relation. Our observations of cementite demagnetization at P approximately 6 GPa, room T confirm the synchrotron Mossbauer work of Gao et al. (2008). The demagnetization pressures based upon experiment are lower than those estimated from existing theoretical treatments by about an order of magnitude. Stability calculations for carbide in the mantle and core are influenced by the choice among ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, and non-magnetic equations of state. Because the ferromagnetic phase is more compressible, the calculated P-T range for cementite stability would be too large under the assumption of ferromagnetism persisting to higher pressures than shown here experimentally. Our results diminish the theoretical P-T range of cementite stability. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Walker, David AU - Li, Jie AU - Kalkan, Bora AU - Clark, Simon M Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 2610 EP - 2624 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 100 IS - 11-12 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - thermal demagnetization KW - experimental studies KW - demagnetization KW - pressure KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - stability KW - paleomagnetism KW - crystal structure KW - cementite KW - carbides KW - high pressure KW - iron KW - magnetic properties KW - metals KW - synchrotrons KW - alloys KW - compression KW - chemical composition KW - stoichiometry KW - Curie point KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Thermal%2C+compositional%2C+and+compressional+demagnetization+of+cementite&rft.au=Walker%2C+David%3BLi%2C+Jie%3BKalkan%2C+Bora%3BClark%2C+Simon+M&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=2610&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2015-5306 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alloys; carbides; cementite; chemical composition; compression; crystal structure; Curie point; demagnetization; experimental studies; high pressure; iron; magnetic properties; metals; paleomagnetism; pressure; stability; stoichiometry; synchrotrons; thermal demagnetization; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2015-5306 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineralogical evolution of Fe-Si-rich layers at the olivine-water interface during carbonation reactions AN - 1756504329; 2016-007454 AB - Recent studies investigating carbonation of iron-bearing silicates have shown that the rates of these reactions, although formally not depending on oxygen fugacity, are strongly different at different redox states of the system (Saldi et al. 2013; Sissmann et al. 2013). Here we provide a micro- and nanostructural characterization of the olivine/water interface during the carbonation of forsteritic olivine at 150 degrees C and p (sub CO2) =100 bar. When the reaction starts under oxic conditions, the observed temporal sequence of interfacial layers consists of: a hematite/SiO (sub 2(am)) assemblage, Fe-rich phyllosilicates with mixed Fe valence and a non-passivating Fe-free amorphous SiO (sub 2) layer, which allows the formation of ferroan magnesite. In contrast, starting at micro-oxic conditions, carbonation rates are much faster, with no real evidence of interfacial layers. Separate deposits of goethite/lepidocrocite in the early stages of the reaction and then formation of magnetite are observed at these conditions, while precipitation of siderite/magnesite proceeds unhindered. The evolution of the redox conditions during the reaction progress controls the sequence of the observed reaction products and the passivating properties of Fe-Si-rich interfacial layers. These findings have important implications for modeling the carbonation of ultramafic rocks under different oxygen fugacity conditions as well as for understanding the technological implications of adding accessory gases to CO (sub 2) in carbon capture and storage mineralization processes involving ultrabasic rocks. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Saldi, Giuseppe D AU - Daval, Damien AU - Guo, Hua AU - Guyot, Francois AU - Bernard, Sylvain AU - Le Guillou, Corentin AU - Davis, James A AU - Knauss, Kevin G Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 2655 EP - 2669 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 100 IS - 11-12 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - silicates KW - alteration KW - iron oxides KW - goethite KW - olivine group KW - carbonation KW - solution KW - silicon KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - cronstedtite KW - chemical reactions KW - serpentine group KW - olivine KW - lepidocrocite KW - orthosilicates KW - oxides KW - Eh KW - carbon sequestration KW - mineral-water interface KW - boundary interactions KW - nesosilicates KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756504329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Mineralogical+evolution+of+Fe-Si-rich+layers+at+the+olivine-water+interface+during+carbonation+reactions&rft.au=Saldi%2C+Giuseppe+D%3BDaval%2C+Damien%3BGuo%2C+Hua%3BGuyot%2C+Francois%3BBernard%2C+Sylvain%3BLe+Guillou%2C+Corentin%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BKnauss%2C+Kevin+G&rft.aulast=Saldi&rft.aufirst=Giuseppe&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=2655&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2015-5340 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 73 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; boundary interactions; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonation; chemical reactions; cronstedtite; Eh; goethite; iron; iron oxides; lepidocrocite; metals; mineral-water interface; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; oxides; precipitation; serpentine group; sheet silicates; silicates; silicon; solution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2015-5340 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probabilistic tail dependence of intense precipitation on spatiotemporal scale in observations, reanalyses, and GCMs AN - 1751228324; PQ0002367447 AB - Daily precipitation variability as observed from weather stations is heavy tailed at most locations around the world. It is thought that diversity in precipitation-causing weather events is fundamental in producing heavy-tailed distributions, and it arises from theory that at least one of the precipitation types contributing to a heavy-tailed climatological record must also be heavy-tailed. Precipitation is a multi-scale phenomenon with a rich spatial structure and short decorrelation length and timescales; the spatiotemporal scale at which precipitation is observed is thus an important factor when considering its statistics and extremes. In this study, we examine the spatiotemporal scaling behavior of intense precipitation from point-scale to large grid cells and from 1 day to 4 weeks over the entire globe. We go on to validate the current generation of historically-forced climate models and reanalyses against observational data at consistent spatial scales. Our results demonstrate that the prevalence and magnitude of heavy tails in observations decrease when moving to lower spatiotemporal resolutions, as is consistent with stochastic theory. Reanalyses and climate models generally reproduce large, synoptic scale distribution classifications, but struggle to reproduce the statistics in regions that are strongly affected by mesoscale phenomena. We discuss these results in relation to physically consistent atmospheric regimes. We conclude with a global view of precipitation distribution type at daily resolution as calculated from the best-performing reanalysis, the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis. JF - Climate Dynamics AU - Cavanaugh, Nicholas R AU - Gershunov, Alexander AD - Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Mail Stop 74R316C, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, nrcavanaugh@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 2965 EP - 2975 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 45 IS - 11-12 SN - 0930-7575, 0930-7575 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Stochastic methods in meteorology KW - Variability KW - Statistics KW - Stochastic models in meteorology KW - Statistical analysis KW - Current observations KW - Data reanalysis KW - Classification KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Precipitation distribution KW - Climatology KW - Precipitation types KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Weather KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - General circulation models KW - Precipitation variability KW - Mesoscale models KW - Statistical forecasting KW - Future climates KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1751228324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Dynamics&rft.atitle=Probabilistic+tail+dependence+of+intense+precipitation+on+spatiotemporal+scale+in+observations%2C+reanalyses%2C+and+GCMs&rft.au=Cavanaugh%2C+Nicholas+R%3BGershunov%2C+Alexander&rft.aulast=Cavanaugh&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=2965&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Dynamics&rft.issn=09307575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00382-015-2517-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Classification; Atmospheric circulation; Current observations; Stochastic methods in meteorology; Climate models; Stochastic models in meteorology; Statistical analysis; Precipitation; Data reanalysis; General circulation models; Precipitation variability; Precipitation distribution; Climatology; Mesoscale models; Statistical forecasting; Precipitation types; Future climates; Weather; Variability; Statistics; Climates; Statistical Analysis; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2517-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vulnerability of crops and native grasses to summer drying in the U.S. Southern Great Plains AN - 1746894853; PQ0002321899 AB - The Southern Great Plains are characterized by a fine-scale mixture of different land-cover types, predominantly winter-wheat and grazed pasture, with relatively small areas of other crops, native prairie, and switchgrass. Recent droughts and predictions of increased drought in the Southern Great Plains, especially during the summer months, raise concern for these ecosystems. We measured ecosystem carbon and water fluxes with eddy-covariance systems over cultivated cropland for 10 years, and over lightly grazed prairie and new switchgrass fields for 2 years each. Growing-season precipitation showed the strongest control over net carbon uptake for all ecosystems, but with a variable effect: grasses (prairie and switchgrass) needed at least 350mm of precipitation during the growing season to become net carbon sinks, while crops needed only 100mm. In summer, high temperatures enhanced evaporation and led to higher likelihood of dry soil conditions. Therefore, summer-growing native prairie species and switchgrass experienced more seasonal droughts than spring-growing crops. For wheat, the net reduction in carbon uptake resulted mostly from a decrease in gross primary production rather than an increase in respiration. Flux measurements suggested that management practices for crops were effective in suppressing evapotranspiration and decomposition (by harvesting and removing secondary growth), and in increasing carbon uptake (by fertilizing and conserving summer soil water). In light of future projections for wetter springs and drier and warmer summers in the Southern Great Plains, our study indicates an increased vulnerability in native ecosystems and summer crops over time. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Raz-Yaseef, Naama AU - Billesbach, Dave P AU - Fischer, Marc L AU - Biraud, Sebastien C AU - Gunter, Stacey A AU - Bradford, James A AU - Torn, Margaret S AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, USA Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 209 EP - 218 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 213 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Agriculture KW - Drought KW - Southern Great Plains KW - Wheat KW - Switchgrass KW - Prairie KW - NEE KW - GPP KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Ecosystems KW - Evaporation KW - Grasses KW - Respiration KW - Soil temperature KW - Summer KW - Pasture KW - Primary production KW - Decomposition KW - Crops KW - Soil KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Prairies KW - Carbon KW - carbon sinks KW - High temperature KW - Water springs KW - Vulnerability KW - Droughts KW - Plains KW - Drying KW - Precipitation KW - Uptake KW - Carbon sinks KW - Harvesting KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746894853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Vulnerability+of+crops+and+native+grasses+to+summer+drying+in+the+U.S.+Southern+Great+Plains&rft.au=Raz-Yaseef%2C+Naama%3BBillesbach%2C+Dave+P%3BFischer%2C+Marc+L%3BBiraud%2C+Sebastien+C%3BGunter%2C+Stacey+A%3BBradford%2C+James+A%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S&rft.aulast=Raz-Yaseef&rft.aufirst=Naama&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=213&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.agee.2015.07.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grasses; Evaporation; Respiration; Soil temperature; Drying; Evapotranspiration; Precipitation; Decomposition; Primary production; Pasture; Crops; Soil; Prairies; Carbon; carbon sinks; Water springs; Droughts; Harvesting; Ecosystems; Plains; Summer; High temperature; Uptake; Vulnerability; Carbon sinks; Triticum aestivum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.07.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decadal warming causes a consistent and persistent shift from heterotrophic to autotrophic respiration in contrasting permafrost ecosystems AN - 1746893595; PQ0002309020 AB - Soil carbon in permafrost ecosystems has the potential to become a major positive feedback to climate change if permafrost thaw increases heterotrophic decomposition. However, warming can also stimulate autotrophic production leading to increased ecosystem carbon storage-a negative climate change feedback. Few studies partitioning ecosystem respiration examine decadal warming effects or compare responses among ecosystems. Here, we first examined how 11 years of warming during different seasons affected autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration in a bryophyte-dominated peatland in Abisko, Sweden. We used natural abundance radiocarbon to partition ecosystem respiration into autotrophic respiration, associated with production, and heterotrophic decomposition. Summertime warming decreased the age of carbon respired by the ecosystem due to increased proportional contributions from autotrophic and young soil respiration and decreased proportional contributions from old soil. Summertime warming's large effect was due to not only warmer air temperatures during the growing season, but also to warmer deep soils year-round. Second, we compared ecosystem respiration responses between two contrasting ecosystems, the Abisko peatland and a tussock-dominated tundra in Healy, Alaska. Each ecosystem had two different timescales of warming (<5 years and over a decade). Despite the Abisko peatland having greater ecosystem respiration and larger contributions from heterotrophic respiration than the Healy tundra, both systems responded consistently to short- and long-term warming with increased respiration, increased autotrophic contributions to ecosystem respiration, and increased ratios of autotrophic to heterotrophic respiration. We did not detect an increase in old soil carbon losses with warming at either site. If increased autotrophic respiration is balanced by increased primary production, as is the case in the Healy tundra, warming will not cause these ecosystems to become growing season carbon sources. Warming instead causes a persistent shift from heterotrophic to more autotrophic control of the growing season carbon cycle in these carbon-rich permafrost ecosystems. JF - Global Change Biology AU - Hicks Pries, Caitlin E AU - Logtestijn, Richard SP AU - Schuur, Edward AG AU - Natali, Susan M AU - Cornelissen, Johannes HC AU - Aerts, Rien AU - Dorrepaal, Ellen AD - Earth Sciences Division, Climate Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 4508 EP - 4519 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 21 IS - 12 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Peatlands KW - Age KW - Ecosystems KW - Respiration KW - Climate change KW - Abundance KW - Climatic changes KW - Permafrost KW - Positive feedback KW - Carbon sources KW - Primary production KW - Decomposition KW - Air temperature KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Permafrost thaws KW - Tundra KW - Soil respiration KW - Seasonal variability KW - Feedback KW - Growing season KW - Carbon cycle KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Global warming KW - Sweden KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746893595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Change+Biology&rft.atitle=Decadal+warming+causes+a+consistent+and+persistent+shift+from+heterotrophic+to+autotrophic+respiration+in+contrasting+permafrost+ecosystems&rft.au=Hicks+Pries%2C+Caitlin+E%3BLogtestijn%2C+Richard+SP%3BSchuur%2C+Edward+AG%3BNatali%2C+Susan+M%3BCornelissen%2C+Johannes+HC%3BAerts%2C+Rien%3BDorrepaal%2C+Ellen&rft.aulast=Hicks+Pries&rft.aufirst=Caitlin&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4508&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Change+Biology&rft.issn=13541013&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgcb.13032 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Peatlands; Age; Respiration; Climatic changes; Abundance; Carbon cycle; Permafrost; Carbon sources; Decomposition; Primary production; Air temperature; Soil; Carbon; Tundra; Feedback; Growing season; Ecosystems; Permafrost thaws; Soil respiration; Climate change; Global warming; Positive feedback; Seasonal variability; INE, USA, Alaska; Sweden DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13032 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structural, Functional, and Immunogenic Insights on Cu,Zn Superoxide Dismutase Pathogenic Virulence Factors from Neisseria meningitidis and Brucella abortus. AN - 1735328695; 26459556 AB - UNLABELLEDBacterial pathogens Neisseria meningitidis and Brucella abortus pose threats to human and animal health worldwide, causing meningococcal disease and brucellosis, respectively. Mortality from acute N. meningitidis infections remains high despite antibiotics, and brucellosis presents alimentary and health consequences. Superoxide dismutases are master regulators of reactive oxygen and general pathogenicity factors and are therefore therapeutic targets. Cu,Zn superoxide dismutases (SODs) localized to the periplasm promote survival by detoxifying superoxide radicals generated by major host antimicrobial immune responses. We discovered that passive immunization with an antibody directed at N. meningitidis SOD (NmSOD) was protective in a mouse infection model. To define the relevant atomic details and solution assembly states of this important virulence factor, we report high-resolution and X-ray scattering analyses of NmSOD and of SOD from B. abortus (BaSOD). The NmSOD structures revealed an auxiliary tetrahedral Cu-binding site bridging the dimer interface; mutational analyses suggested that this metal site contributes to protein stability, with implications for bacterial defense mechanisms. Biochemical and structural analyses informed us about electrostatic substrate guidance, dimer assembly, and an exposed C-terminal epitope in the NmSOD dimer. In contrast, the monomeric BaSOD structure provided insights for extending immunogenic peptide epitopes derived from the protein. These collective results reveal unique contributions of SOD to pathogenic virulence, refine predictive motifs for distinguishing SOD classes, and suggest general targets for antibacterial immune responses. The identified functional contributions, motifs, and targets distinguishing bacterial and eukaryotic SOD assemblies presented here provide a foundation for efforts to develop SOD-specific inhibitors of or vaccines against these harmful pathogens.IMPORTANCEBy protecting microbes against reactive oxygen insults, SODs aid survival of many bacteria within their hosts. Despite the ubiquity and conservation of these key enzymes, notable species-specific differences relevant to pathogenesis remain undefined. To probe mechanisms that govern the functioning of Neisseria meningitidis and Brucella abortus SODs, we used X-ray structures, enzymology, modeling, and murine infection experiments. We identified virulence determinants common to the two homologs, assembly differences, and a unique metal reservoir within meningococcal SOD that stabilizes the enzyme and may provide a safeguard against copper toxicity. The insights reported here provide a rationale and a basis for SOD-specific drug design and an extension of immunogen design to target two important pathogens that continue to pose global health threats. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Pratt, Ashley J AU - DiDonato, Michael AU - Shin, David S AU - Cabelli, Diane E AU - Bruns, Cami K AU - Belzer, Carol A AU - Gorringe, Andrew R AU - Langford, Paul R AU - Tabatabai, Louisa B AU - Kroll, J Simon AU - Tainer, John A AU - Getzoff, Elizabeth D AD - Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. ; Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA. ; Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA. ; National Animal Disease Center, Ruminant Diseases and Immunology, Ames, Iowa, USA. ; Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom. ; Section of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, London, England, United Kingdom. ; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. ; Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA edg@scripps.edu. Y1 - 2015/12// PY - 2015 DA - December 2015 SP - 3834 EP - 3847 VL - 197 IS - 24 KW - Antibodies KW - 0 KW - Antigen-Antibody Complex KW - Brucella Vaccine KW - Meningococcal Vaccines KW - Virulence Factors KW - Superoxide Dismutase KW - EC 1.15.1.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Antibodies -- immunology KW - Brucella Vaccine -- immunology KW - Antibodies -- administration & dosage KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Virulence Factors -- immunology KW - Brucellosis -- immunology KW - Meningitis, Meningococcal -- immunology KW - Meningococcal Vaccines -- immunology KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Immunization, Passive -- methods KW - Meningitis, Meningococcal -- prevention & control KW - Binding Sites, Antibody KW - Brucellosis -- prevention & control KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- immunology KW - Antigen-Antibody Complex -- ultrastructure KW - Brucella abortus -- immunology KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- genetics KW - Neisseria meningitidis -- pathogenicity KW - Neisseria meningitidis -- immunology KW - Superoxide Dismutase -- ultrastructure KW - Brucella abortus -- pathogenicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1735328695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Structural%2C+Functional%2C+and+Immunogenic+Insights+on+Cu%2CZn+Superoxide+Dismutase+Pathogenic+Virulence+Factors+from+Neisseria+meningitidis+and+Brucella+abortus.&rft.au=Pratt%2C+Ashley+J%3BDiDonato%2C+Michael%3BShin%2C+David+S%3BCabelli%2C+Diane+E%3BBruns%2C+Cami+K%3BBelzer%2C+Carol+A%3BGorringe%2C+Andrew+R%3BLangford%2C+Paul+R%3BTabatabai%2C+Louisa+B%3BKroll%2C+J+Simon%3BTainer%2C+John+A%3BGetzoff%2C+Elizabeth+D&rft.aulast=Pratt&rft.aufirst=Ashley&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=3834&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=1098-5530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00343-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-03-31 N1 - Date created - 2015-11-20 N1 - Date 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Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jun 22;96(13):7502-7 [10377444] Nature. 2013 Apr 25;496(7446):477-81 [23619693] J Struct Biol. 1999 Apr-May;125(2-3):156-65 [10222271] J Biol Chem. 1987 Oct 25;262(30):14697-701 [3312194] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2010 May;34(3):379-94 [20180858] J Biol Chem. 1990 Aug 25;265(24):14234-41 [2387847] J Mol Biol. 2009 May 1;388(2):310-26 [19289127] N1 - Last updated - 2017-03-01 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00343-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytotoxicity assessment of functionalized CdSe, CdTe and InP quantum dots in two human cancer cell models. AN - 1711544094; 26354258 AB - The toxicity of quantum dots (QDs) has been extensively studied over the past decade. Some common factors that originate the QD toxicity include releasing of heavy metal ions from degraded QDs and the generation of reactive oxygen species on the QD surface. In addition to these factors, we should also carefully examine other potential QD toxicity causes that will play crucial roles in impacting the overall biological system. In this contribution, we have performed cytotoxicity assessment of four types of QD formulations in two different human cancer cell models. The four types of QD formulations, namely, mercaptopropionic acid modified CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs (CdSe-MPA), PEGylated phospholipid encapsulated CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs (CdSe-Phos), PEGylated phospholipid encapsulated InP/ZnS QDs (InP-Phos) and Pluronic F127 encapsulated CdTe/ZnS QDs (CdTe-F127), are representatives for the commonly used QD formulations in biomedical applications. Both the core materials and the surface modifications have been taken into consideration as the key factors for the cytotoxicity assessment. Through side-by-side comparison and careful evaluations, we have found that the toxicity of QDs does not solely depend on a single factor in initiating the toxicity in biological system but rather it depends on a combination of elements from the particle formulations. More importantly, our toxicity assessment shows different cytotoxicity trend for all the prepared formulations tested on gastric adenocarcinoma (BGC-823) and neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines. We have further proposed that the cellular uptake of these nanocrystals plays an important role in determining the final faith of the toxicity impact of the formulation. The result here suggests that the toxicity of QDs is rather complex and it cannot be generalized under a few assumptions reported previously. We suggest that one have to evaluate the QD toxicity on a case to case basis and this indicates that standard procedures and comprehensive protocols are urgently needed to be developed and employed for fully assessing and understanding the origins of the toxicity arising from different QD formulations. JF - Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications AU - Liu, Jing AU - Hu, Rui AU - Liu, Jianwei AU - Zhang, Butian AU - Wang, Yucheng AU - Liu, Xin AU - Law, Wing-Cheung AU - Liu, Liwei AU - Ye, Ling AU - Yong, Ken-Tye AD - Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics & Beijing Key Lab of Aging and Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China. ; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States. ; Department of Industrial and System Engineering, The Hang Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong. ; School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China. ; Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics & Beijing Key Lab of Aging and Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China. Electronic address: lye_301@163.com. ; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore. Electronic address: ktyong@ntu.edu.sg. Y1 - 2015/12/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Dec 01 SP - 222 EP - 231 VL - 57 KW - Cadmium Compounds KW - 0 KW - Phosphines KW - Selenium Compounds KW - Indium KW - 045A6V3VFX KW - indium phosphide KW - 22398-80-7 KW - cadmium selenide KW - A7F646JC5C KW - Tellurium KW - NQA0O090ZJ KW - cadmium telluride KW - STG188WO13 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Quantum dots KW - Cancer cell KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Selenium Compounds -- toxicity KW - Quantum Dots -- toxicity KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Indium -- toxicity KW - Tellurium -- toxicity KW - Cadmium Compounds -- toxicity KW - Phosphines -- toxicity KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1711544094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Materials+science+%26+engineering.+C%2C+Materials+for+biological+applications&rft.atitle=Cytotoxicity+assessment+of+functionalized+CdSe%2C+CdTe+and+InP+quantum+dots+in+two+human+cancer+cell+models.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Jing%3BHu%2C+Rui%3BLiu%2C+Jianwei%3BZhang%2C+Butian%3BWang%2C+Yucheng%3BLiu%2C+Xin%3BLaw%2C+Wing-Cheung%3BLiu%2C+Liwei%3BYe%2C+Ling%3BYong%2C+Ken-Tye&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Jing&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Materials+science+%26+engineering.+C%2C+Materials+for+biological+applications&rft.issn=1873-0191&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.msec.2015.07.044 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-06-08 N1 - Date created - 2015-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2015.07.044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of a Novel Nematotoxic Protein by Challenging the Model Mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea with a Fungivorous Nematode. AN - 1760868382; 26585824 AB - The dung of herbivores, the natural habitat of the model mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea, is a nutrient-rich but also very competitive environment for a saprophytic fungus. We showed previously that C. cinerea expresses constitutive, tissue-specific armories against antagonists such as animal predators and bacterial competitors. In order to dissect the inducible armories against such antagonists, we sequenced the poly(A)-positive transcriptome of C. cinerea vegetative mycelium upon challenge with fungivorous and bacterivorous nematodes, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and mechanical damage. As a response to the fungivorous nematode Aphelenchus avenae, C. cinerea was found to specifically induce the transcription of several genes encoding previously characterized nematotoxic lectins. In addition, a previously not characterized gene encoding a cytoplasmic protein with several predicted Ricin B-fold domains, was found to be strongly upregulated under this condition. Functional analysis of the recombinant protein revealed a high toxicity toward the bacterivorous nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Challenge of the mycelium with A. avenae also lead to the induction of several genes encoding putative antibacterial proteins. Some of these genes were also induced upon challenge of the mycelium with the bacteria Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. These results suggest that fungi have the ability to induce specific innate defense responses similar to plants and animals. JF - G3 (Bethesda, Md.) AU - Plaza, David Fernando AU - Schmieder, Stefanie Sofia AU - Lipzen, Anna AU - Lindquist, Erika AU - Künzler, Markus AD - Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland. ; Genomic Technologies, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598. ; Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland mkuenzle@ethz.ch. Y1 - 2015/11/19/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 19 SP - 87 EP - 98 VL - 6 IS - 1 KW - Fungal Proteins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - RNA sequencing KW - basidiomycete KW - CCTX2 KW - transcriptomics KW - fungal defense KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Animals KW - Computational Biology -- methods KW - Stress, Physiological -- genetics KW - Transcriptome KW - High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing KW - Agaricales -- genetics KW - Fungal Proteins -- metabolism KW - Agaricales -- metabolism KW - Antibiosis KW - Fungal Proteins -- genetics KW - Nematoda UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1760868382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=G3+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.%29&rft.atitle=Identification+of+a+Novel+Nematotoxic+Protein+by+Challenging+the+Model+Mushroom+Coprinopsis+cinerea+with+a+Fungivorous+Nematode.&rft.au=Plaza%2C+David+Fernando%3BSchmieder%2C+Stefanie+Sofia%3BLipzen%2C+Anna%3BLindquist%2C+Erika%3BK%C3%BCnzler%2C+Markus&rft.aulast=Plaza&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2015-11-19&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=G3+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.%29&rft.issn=2160-1836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1534%2Fg3.115.023069 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-10-18 N1 - Date created - 2016-01-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e74951 [24023705] Annu Rev Microbiol. 2013;67:499-518 [23808329] Proc Biol Sci. 2013 Nov 22;280(1771):20131219 [24068353] Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2008;59:41-66 [18031220] J Mol Biol. 2008 May 23;379(1):146-59 [18440554] BMC Mol Biol. 2008;9:53 [18505597] Nat Rev Genet. 2008 Aug;9(8):605-18 [18591983] Dev Comp Immunol. 2013 Dec;41(4):694-702 [23969138] PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e76487 [24098512] BMC Genomics. 2014;15:492 [24942908] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2000 Jun;64(2):316-53 [10839819] Microbiology. 2000 Aug;146 ( Pt 8):1841-53 [10931889] J Chem Ecol. 2002 Oct;28(10):1971-85 [12474894] Immunol Rev. 2004 Apr;198:249-66 [15199967] Curr Genet. 1996 Jul 31;30(2):121-5 [8660468] Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Sep 1;25(17):3389-402 [9254694] Proc Int Conf Intell Syst Mol Biol. 1998;6:175-82 [9783223] J Helminthol. 1954;28(1-2):115-7 [13163389] Genes Immun. 2005 Jun;6(4):279-84 [15815687] Clin Exp Immunol. 2005 Jun;140(3):395-407 [15932500] Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2005 Oct;8(5):541-7 [16043387] J Evol Biol. 2005 Nov;18(6):1387-94 [16313451] Immunobiology. 2006;211(4):251-61 [16697918] J Mol Med (Berl). 2006 Nov;84(11):901-10 [16972087] Curr Opin Immunol. 2008 Feb;20(1):10-6 [18206360] Elife. 2014;3. doi: 10.7554/eLife.04266 [25422936] J Biol Chem. 2014 Dec 12;289(50):34953-64 [25342741] Nat Protoc. 2015 Jun;10(6):845-58 [25950237] J Biol Chem. 2012 Feb 3;287(6):3898-907 [22167196] Gene. 2008 Mar 31;411(1-2):46-58 [18280060] J Morphol. 2008 Oct;269(10):1181-96 [18570305] Chemistry. 2008;14(30):9100-10 [18601235] Dev Comp Immunol. 2009 Aug;33(8):932-8 [19454335] Bioinformatics. 2009 Jul 15;25(14):1754-60 [19451168] BMC Plant Biol. 2009;9:84 [19573233] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Aug 25;106(34):14558-63 [19666480] Bioessays. 2009 Nov;31(11):1201-10 [19795412] Microbiology. 2009 Dec;155(Pt 12):3957-70 [19696111] Bioinformatics. 2010 Jan 1;26(1):139-40 [19910308] PLoS Pathog. 2010 Jan;6(1):e1000717 [20062796] Plant Physiol. 2010 Feb;152(2):985-99 [19965963] Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2010 May;11(3):181-8 [20088772] Immunogenetics. 2010 May;62(5):263-72 [20195594] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jun 29;107(26):11889-94 [20547848] Nature. 2010 Aug 5;466(7307):720-6 [20686567] Methods Enzymol. 2010;480:141-50 [20816208] Adv Microb Physiol. 2009;56:1-28 [20943123] Fungal Genet Biol. 2011 Jan;48(1):23-34 [20807586] PLoS One. 2010;5(11):e14055 [21124910] Biopolymers. 2010;94(5):659-64 [20564017] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jun 28;108(26):10768-73 [21670306] Mol Ecol. 2011 Jul;20(14):3056-70 [21486374] Phytochemistry. 2011 Sep;72(13):1538-50 [21429537] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Aug 23;108(34):14282-7 [21825172] Nat Methods. 2011;8(10):785-6 [21959131] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Dec 9;416(1-2):24-30 [22086175] Mol Biotechnol. 2012 Feb;50(2):121-8 [21681549] Nat Rev Immunol. 2012 Feb;12(2):89-100 [22273771] J Biosci. 2012 Jun;37(2):327-48 [22581338] PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(5):e1002706 [22615566] Nat Rev Immunol. 2012 Jul;12(7):503-16 [22728527] Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2012 Aug;15(4):407-14 [22445190] Nat Commun. 2012;3:1073 [23011127] Nat Rev Immunol. 2013 May;13(5):349-61 [23618831] G3 (Bethesda). 2013 Jun;3(6):1015-30 [23589521] PLoS One. 2013;8(6):e67469 [23818979] Structure. 2013 Jul 2;21(7):1235-42 [23791946] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.115.023069 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hierarchical assembly may be a way to make large information-rich structures. AN - 1725513630; 26350267 AB - Self-assembly in the laboratory can now yield 'information-rich' nanostructures in which each component is of a distinct type and has a defined spatial position. Ensuring the thermodynamic stability of such structures requires inter-component interaction energies to increase logarithmically with structure size, in order to counter the entropy gained upon mixing component types in solution. However, self-assembly in the presence of strong interactions results in general in kinetic trapping, so suggesting a limit to the size of an (equilibrium) structure that can be self-assembled from distinguishable components. Here we study numerically a two-dimensional hierarchical assembly scheme already considered in experiment. We show that this scheme is immune to the kinetic traps associated with strong 'native' interactions (interactions designed to stabilize the intended structure), and so, in principle, offers a way to make large information-rich structures. In this scheme the size of an assembled structure scales exponentially with the stage of assembly, and assembly can continue as long as random motion is able to bring structures into contact. The resulting superstructure could provide a template for building in the third dimension. The chief drawback of this scheme is that it is particularly susceptible to kinetic traps that result from 'non-native' interactions (interactions not required to stabilize the intended structure); the scale on which such a scheme can be realized therefore depends upon how effectively this latter kind of interaction can be suppressed. JF - Soft matter AU - Whitelam, Stephen AD - Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. swhitelam@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2015/11/14/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 14 SP - 8225 EP - 8235 VL - 11 IS - 42 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1725513630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soft+matter&rft.atitle=Hierarchical+assembly+may+be+a+way+to+make+large+information-rich+structures.&rft.au=Whitelam%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Whitelam&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2015-11-14&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=42&rft.spage=8225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soft+matter&rft.issn=1744-6848&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5sm01375e LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-01-18 N1 - Date created - 2015-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01375e ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective and Sensitive Sensing of Flame Retardant Chemicals Through Phage Display Discovered Recognition Peptide. AN - 1732600926; 26455834 AB - We report a highly selective and sensitive biosensor for the detection of an environmentally toxic molecule, decabrominated diphenyl ether (DBDE), one of the most common congeners of the polybrominated frame retardants (polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE)), using newly discovered DBDE peptide receptors integrated with carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNT-FET). The specific DBDE peptide receptor was identified using a high-throughput screening process of phage library display. The resulting binding peptide carries an interesting consensus binding pocket with two Trp-His/Asn-Trp repeats, which binds to the DBDE in a multivalent manner. We integrated the novel DBDE binding peptide onto the CNT-FET using polydiacetylene coating materials linked through cysteine-maleimide click chemistry. The resulting biosensor could detect the desired DBDE selectively with a 1 fM detection limit. Our combined approaches of selective receptor discovery, material nanocoating through click chemistry, and integration onto a sensitive CNT-FET electronic sensor for desired target chemicals will pave the way toward the rapid development of portable and easy-to-use biosensors for desired chemicals to protect our health and environment. JF - Nano letters AU - Jin, Hyo-Eon AU - Zueger, Chris AU - Chung, Woo-Jae AU - Wong, Winnie AU - Lee, Byung Yang AU - Lee, Seung-Wuk AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2015/11/11/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 11 SP - 7697 EP - 7703 VL - 15 IS - 11 KW - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers KW - 0 KW - Nanotubes, Carbon KW - Peptides KW - Receptors, Peptide KW - pentabromodiphenyl ether KW - 7REL09ZX35 KW - Index Medicus KW - environmental toxicant KW - polybrominated diphenyl ether KW - Phage display KW - biosensor KW - Click Chemistry KW - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers -- chemistry KW - Cell Surface Display Techniques KW - Protein Binding KW - Receptors, Peptide -- chemistry KW - Nanotubes, Carbon -- chemistry KW - Receptors, Peptide -- isolation & purification KW - Peptides -- chemistry KW - Biosensing Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732600926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=Selective+and+Sensitive+Sensing+of+Flame+Retardant+Chemicals+Through+Phage+Display+Discovered+Recognition+Peptide.&rft.au=Jin%2C+Hyo-Eon%3BZueger%2C+Chris%3BChung%2C+Woo-Jae%3BWong%2C+Winnie%3BLee%2C+Byung+Yang%3BLee%2C+Seung-Wuk&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Hyo-Eon&rft.date=2015-11-11&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=7697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.nanolett.5b03678 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-09-21 N1 - Date created - 2015-11-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03678 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functionalizing Aluminum Oxide by Ag Dendrite Deposition at the Anode during Simultaneous Electrochemical Oxidation of Al. AN - 1768169475; 26398487 AB - A novel synthesis strategy is presented for depositing metallic Ag at the anode during simultaneous electrochemical oxidation of Al. This unexpected result is achieved based on galvanic coupling. Metallic dendritic nanostructures well-anchored in a high surface area supporting matrix are envisioned to open up a new avenue of applications. JF - Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) AU - Rafailović, Lidija D AU - Gammer, Christoph AU - Rentenberger, Christian AU - Trišović, Tomislav AU - Kleber, Christoph AU - Karnthaler, Hans Peter AD - CEST Center of Electrochemical Surface Technology, Viktor-Kaplan Strasse 2, 2700, Wiener Neustadt, Austria. ; NCEM, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. ; Physics of Nanostructured Materials, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090, Vienna, Austria. ; Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihajlova 35, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia. Y1 - 2015/11/04/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 04 SP - 6438 EP - 6443 VL - 27 IS - 41 KW - transmission electron microscopy KW - nanodendritic silver KW - anodic oxidation KW - galvanic coupling KW - anodic aluminum oxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1768169475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+materials+%28Deerfield+Beach%2C+Fla.%29&rft.atitle=Functionalizing+Aluminum+Oxide+by+Ag+Dendrite+Deposition+at+the+Anode+during+Simultaneous+Electrochemical+Oxidation+of+Al.&rft.au=Rafailovi%C4%87%2C+Lidija+D%3BGammer%2C+Christoph%3BRentenberger%2C+Christian%3BTri%C5%A1ovi%C4%87%2C+Tomislav%3BKleber%2C+Christoph%3BKarnthaler%2C+Hans+Peter&rft.aulast=Rafailovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Lidija&rft.date=2015-11-04&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=41&rft.spage=6438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+materials+%28Deerfield+Beach%2C+Fla.%29&rft.issn=1521-4095&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fadma.201502451 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-06-23 N1 - Date created - 2016-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201502451 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Slow-Release Substrate Stimulates Groundwater Microbial Communities for Long-Term in Situ Cr(VI) Reduction. AN - 1730021476; 25835088 AB - Cr(VI) is a widespread environmental contaminant that is highly toxic and soluble. Previous work indicated that a one-time amendment of polylactate hydrogen-release compound (HRC) reduced groundwater Cr(VI) concentrations for >3.5 years at a contaminated aquifer; however, microbial communities responsible for Cr(VI) reduction are poorly understood. In this study, we hypothesized that HRC amendment would significantly change the composition and structure of groundwater microbial communities, and that the abundance of key functional genes involved in HRC degradation and electron acceptor reduction would increase long-term in response to this slowly degrading, complex substrate. To test these hypotheses, groundwater microbial communities were monitored after HRC amendment for >1 year using a comprehensive functional gene microarray. The results showed that the overall functional composition and structure of groundwater microbial communities underwent sequential shifts after HRC amendment. Particularly, the abundance of functional genes involved in acetate oxidation, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction, metal reduction, and sulfate reduction significantly increased. The overall community dynamics was significantly correlated with changes in groundwater concentrations of microbial biomass, acetate, NO3-, Cr(VI), Fe(II) and SO4(2-). Our results suggest that HRC amendment primarily stimulated key functional processes associated with HRC degradation and reduction of multiple electron acceptors in the aquifer toward long-term Cr(VI) reduction. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Zhang, Ping AU - Van Nostrand, Joy D AU - He, Zhili AU - Chakraborty, Romy AU - Deng, Ye AU - Curtis, Daniel AU - Fields, Matthew W AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - Institute for Environmental Genomics, and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma , Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States. ; Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94270, United States. ; Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States. ; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States. ; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2015/11/03/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Nov 03 SP - 12922 EP - 12931 VL - 49 IS - 21 KW - Nitrates KW - 0 KW - Polyesters KW - Polymers KW - Sulfates KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - chromium hexavalent ion KW - 18540-29-9 KW - Lactic Acid KW - 33X04XA5AT KW - poly(lactide) KW - 459TN2L5F5 KW - Hydrogen KW - 7YNJ3PO35Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Sulfates -- metabolism KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Hydrogen -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Biomass KW - Groundwater -- chemistry KW - Microbial Consortia -- physiology KW - Groundwater -- microbiology KW - Chromium -- metabolism KW - Polymers -- chemistry KW - Lactic Acid -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Microbial Consortia -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1730021476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=A+Slow-Release+Substrate+Stimulates+Groundwater+Microbial+Communities+for+Long-Term+in+Situ+Cr%28VI%29+Reduction.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Ping%3BVan+Nostrand%2C+Joy+D%3BHe%2C+Zhili%3BChakraborty%2C+Romy%3BDeng%2C+Ye%3BCurtis%2C+Daniel%3BFields%2C+Matthew+W%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Ping&rft.date=2015-11-03&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=12922&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.est.5b00024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-06-10 N1 - Date created - 2015-11-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b00024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic and aseismic deformations and impact on reservoir permeability; the case of EGS stimulation at The Geysers, California, USA AN - 1863567338; 2017-008186 AB - In this paper, we use the Seismicity-Based Reservoir Characterization approach to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of an injection-induced microseismic cloud, monitored during the stimulation of an enhanced geothermal system, and associated with the Northwest Geysers Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) Demonstration project (California). We identified the development of a seismically quiet domain around the injection well surrounded by a seismically active domain. Then we compare these observations with the results of 3-D Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical simulations of the EGS, which accounts for changes in permeability as a function of the effective normal stress and the plastic strain. The results of our modeling show that (1) the aseismic domain is caused by both the presence of the injected cold water and by thermal processes. These thermal processes cause a cooling-stress reduction, which prevent shear reactivation and favors fracture opening by reducing effective normal stress and locally increasing the permeability. This process is accompanied by aseismic plastic shear strain. (2) In the seismic domain, microseismicity is caused by the reactivation of the preexisting fractures, resulting from an increase in injection-induced pore pressure. Our modeling indicates that in this domain, permeability evolves according to the effective normal stress acting on the shear zones, whereas shearing of preexisting fractures may have a low impact on permeability. We attribute this lack of permeability gain to the fact that the initial permeabilities of these preexisting fractures are already high (up to 2 orders of magnitude higher than the host rock) and may already be fully dilated by past tectonic straining. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Rinaldi, Antonio Pio AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Walters, Mark AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Garcia, Julio Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 7863 EP - 7882 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 120 IS - 11 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - United States KW - seismicity-based reservoir characterization KW - strain KW - enhanced geothermal system KW - characterization KW - plastic deformation KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - California KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - seismicity KW - pore pressure KW - microseisms KW - cooling KW - active faults KW - faults KW - systems KW - shear zones KW - three-dimensional models KW - stress KW - deformation KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - The Geysers KW - mathematical methods KW - reservoir properties KW - dilation KW - permeability KW - 19:Seismology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1863567338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Seismic+and+aseismic+deformations+and+impact+on+reservoir+permeability%3B+the+case+of+EGS+stimulation+at+The+Geysers%2C+California%2C+USA&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+Pierre%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BRinaldi%2C+Antonio+Pio%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BGarcia%2C+Julio&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=7863&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JB012142 L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-9356/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active faults; California; characterization; cooling; deformation; dilation; enhanced geothermal system; faults; fluid injection; fractures; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal reservoirs; mathematical methods; microseisms; models; permeability; plastic deformation; pore pressure; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; seismicity; seismicity-based reservoir characterization; shear zones; simulation; strain; stress; systems; The Geysers; three-dimensional models; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012142 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathways and transformations of dissolved methane and dissolved inorganic carbon in Arctic tundra watersheds; evidence from analysis of stable isotopes AN - 1797535087; 2016-050700 AB - Arctic soils contain a large pool of terrestrial C and are of interest due to their potential for releasing significant carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) and methane (CH (sub 4) ) to the atmosphere. Due to substantial landscape heterogeneity, predicting ecosystem-scale CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) production is challenging. This study assessed dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC = Sigma (total) dissolved CO (sub 2) ) and CH (sub 4) in watershed drainages in Barrow, Alaska as critical convergent zones of regional geochemistry, substrates, and nutrients. In July and September of 2013, surface waters and saturated subsurface pore waters were collected from 17 drainages. Based on simultaneous DIC and CH (sub 4) cycling, we synthesized isotopic and geochemical methods to develop a subsurface CH (sub 4) and DIC balance by estimating mechanisms of CH (sub 4) and DIC production and transport pathways and oxidation of subsurface CH (sub 4) . We observed a shift from acetoclastic (July) toward hydrogenotropic (September) methanogenesis at sites located toward the end of major freshwater drainages, adjacent to salty estuarine waters, suggesting an interesting landscape-scale effect on CH (sub 4) production mechanism. The majority of subsurface CH (sub 4) was transported upward by plant-mediated transport and ebullition, predominantly bypassing the potential for CH (sub 4) oxidation. Thus, surprisingly, CH (sub 4) oxidation only consumed approximately 2.51 + or - 0.82% (July) and 0.79 + or - 0.79% (September) of CH (sub 4) produced at the frost table, contributing to <0.1% of DIC production. DIC was primarily produced from respiration, with iron and organic matter serving as likely e- acceptors. This work highlights the importance of spatial and temporal variability of CH (sub 4) production at the watershed scale and suggests broad scale investigations are required to build better regional or pan-Arctic representations of CH (sub 4) and CO (sub 2) production. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Throckmorton, Heather M AU - Heikoop, Jeffrey M AU - Newman, Brent D AU - Altmann, Garrett L AU - Conrad, Mark S AU - Muss, Jordan D AU - Perkins, George B AU - Smith, Lydia J AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Wullschleger, Stan D AU - Wilson, Cathy J Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 1893 EP - 1910 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 11 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - methane KW - isotopes KW - tundra KW - isotope ratios KW - Arctic region KW - C-13/C-12 KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - watersheds KW - solutes KW - alkanes KW - stable isotopes KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - Alaska KW - carbon cycle KW - transformations KW - pore water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797535087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Pathways+and+transformations+of+dissolved+methane+and+dissolved+inorganic+carbon+in+Arctic+tundra+watersheds%3B+evidence+from+analysis+of+stable+isotopes&rft.au=Throckmorton%2C+Heather+M%3BHeikoop%2C+Jeffrey+M%3BNewman%2C+Brent+D%3BAltmann%2C+Garrett+L%3BConrad%2C+Mark+S%3BMuss%2C+Jordan+D%3BPerkins%2C+George+B%3BSmith%2C+Lydia+J%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D%3BWilson%2C+Cathy+J&rft.aulast=Throckmorton&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1893&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GB005044 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Arctic region; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; geochemical cycle; hydrocarbons; hydrology; isotope ratios; isotopes; methane; organic compounds; pore water; soils; solutes; stable isotopes; transformations; transport; tundra; United States; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GB005044 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Dynamic Crop Growth on the Simulated Precipitation Response to Irrigation* AN - 1790969770; PQ0003080946 JF - Earth Interactions AU - Lu, Yaqiong AD - Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California, Merced, and Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 1 EP - 31 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 19 IS - 14 SN - 1087-3562, 1087-3562 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Vegetation-atmosphere interactions KW - Precipitation KW - Physical meteorology and climatology KW - Water budget KW - Models and modeling KW - Coupled models KW - Applications KW - Agriculture KW - Land use KW - Aquifers KW - Prediction KW - Drought KW - Rainfall increase KW - Crops KW - Growth KW - Dynamic response KW - Climatology KW - Droughts KW - Modelling KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Growth rate KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Irrigation KW - Temperature KW - Model Studies KW - Numerical simulations KW - Surface roughness KW - Irrigation Water KW - Irrigation Effects KW - Future climates KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1790969770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Interactions&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Dynamic+Crop+Growth+on+the+Simulated+Precipitation+Response+to+Irrigation*&rft.au=Lu%2C+Yaqiong&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Yaqiong&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Interactions&rft.issn=10873562&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FEI-D-15-0030.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Growth rate; Atmospheric precipitations; Growth; Surface roughness; Irrigation; Dynamic response; Droughts; Modelling; Aquifers; Climate models; Numerical simulations; Climatology; Drought; Precipitation; Rainfall increase; Future climates; Climates; Temperature; Irrigation Effects; Irrigation Water; Crops; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/EI-D-15-0030.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vegetation controls on surface heat flux partitioning, and land-atmosphere coupling AN - 1776665893; PQ0002797151 AB - We provide observational evidence that land-atmosphere coupling is underestimated by a conventional metric defined by the correlation between soil moisture and surface evaporative fraction (latent heat flux normalized by the sum of sensible and latent heat flux). Land-atmosphere coupling is 3 times stronger when using leaf area index as a correlate of evaporative fraction instead of soil moisture, in the Southern Great Plains. The role of vegetation was confirmed using adjacent flux measurement sites having identical atmospheric forcing but different vegetation phenology. Transpiration makes the relationship between evaporative fraction and soil moisture nonlinear and gives the appearance of weak coupling when using linear soil moisture metrics. Regions of substantial coupling extend to semiarid and humid continental climates across the United States, in terms of correlations between vegetation metrics and evaporative fraction. The hydrological cycle is more tightly constrained by the land surface than previously inferred from soil moisture. Key Points * Evaporative fraction is often better correlated with vegetation phenology than with soil moisture * Vegetation controls on evaporative fraction can be separated from atmospheric forcing * Vegetation metrics imply stronger land-atmosphere coupling than soil moisture metrics JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Williams, Ian N AU - Torn, Margaret S AD - Climate Sciences Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 9416 EP - 9424 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 42 IS - 21 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Correlations KW - Soil Water KW - Latent Heat KW - Climate and vegetation KW - Phenology KW - Soils KW - Heat flux KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Climates KW - Leaves KW - Vegetation KW - Hydrologic cycle KW - Transpiration KW - Heat transfer KW - USA KW - USA, Great Plains KW - Sensible and latent heat flux KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Moisture Content KW - Soil moisture KW - Land-atmosphere interaction KW - Latent heat flux KW - Fluctuations KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776665893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Vegetation+controls+on+surface+heat+flux+partitioning%2C+and+land-atmosphere+coupling&rft.au=Williams%2C+Ian+N%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=9416&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL066305 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phenology; Atmospheric forcing; Soils; Leaves; Transpiration; Hydrologic cycle; Heat transfer; Climate and vegetation; Heat flux; Hydrologic analysis; Sensible and latent heat flux; Correlations; Latent heat flux; Land-atmosphere interaction; Soil moisture; Climates; Vegetation; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Fluctuations; Latent Heat; USA; USA, Great Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066305 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ray-based seismic modeling of geologic models; understanding and analyzing seismic images efficiently AN - 1756505726; 2016-007528 AB - Often, interpreters only have access to seismic sections and, at times, well data, when making an interpretation of structures and depositional features in the subsurface. The validity of the final interpretation is based on how well the seismic data are able to reproduce the actual geology, and seismic modeling can help constrain that. Ideally, modeling should create complete seismograms, which is often best achieved by finite-difference modeling with postprocessing to produce synthetic seismic sections for comparison purposes. Such extensive modeling is, however, not routinely affordable. A far more efficient option, using the simpler 1D convolution model with reflectivity logs extracted along verticals in velocity models, generates poor modeling results when lateral velocity variations are expected. A third and intermediate option is to use the various ray-based approaches available, which are efficient and flexible. However, standard ray methods, such as the normal-incidence point for unmigrated poststack sections or image rays for simulating time-migrated poststack results, cannot deal with complex and detailed targets, and will not reproduce the realistic (3D) resolution effects of seismic imaging. Nevertheless, ray methods can also be used to estimate 3D spatial prestack convolution operators, so-called point-spread functions. These are functions of the survey, velocity model, and wavelet, among others, and therefore they include 3D angle-dependent illumination and resolution effects. Prestack depth migration images are thus rapidly simulated by spatial convolution with detailed 3D reflectivity models, which goes far beyond the limits of 1D convolution modeling. This 3D convolution modeling should allow geologists to better assess their interpretations and draw more definitive conclusions. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Lecomte, Isabelle AU - Lavadera, Paul Lubrano AU - Anell, Ingrid AU - Buckley, Simon J AU - Schmid, Daniel W AU - Heeremans, Michael AU - Abriel, William L AU - Ackermann, Rolf AU - Artus, Vincent AU - Calderon, Carlos AU - Chen, Feng AU - Danbom, Steve AU - Laake, Andreas AU - Mongan, Joe AU - Rector, Jamie Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAC71 EP - SAC89 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - seismograms KW - petroleum exploration KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - one-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - elastic waves KW - wave fields KW - simulation KW - seismic migration KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - visualization KW - wavelets KW - traveltime KW - ray tracing KW - outcrops KW - poststack migration KW - amplitude KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Ray-based+seismic+modeling+of+geologic+models%3B+understanding+and+analyzing+seismic+images+efficiently&rft.au=Lecomte%2C+Isabelle%3BLavadera%2C+Paul+Lubrano%3BAnell%2C+Ingrid%3BBuckley%2C+Simon+J%3BSchmid%2C+Daniel+W%3BHeeremans%2C+Michael%3BAbriel%2C+William+L%3BAckermann%2C+Rolf%3BArtus%2C+Vincent%3BCalderon%2C+Carlos%3BChen%2C+Feng%3BDanbom%2C+Steve%3BLaake%2C+Andreas%3BMongan%2C+Joe%3BRector%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Lecomte&rft.aufirst=Isabelle&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAC71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0061.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; elastic waves; finite difference analysis; geophysical methods; models; numerical models; one-dimensional models; outcrops; petroleum; petroleum exploration; poststack migration; ray tracing; seismic methods; seismic migration; seismograms; simulation; three-dimensional models; traveltime; visualization; wave fields; wavelets DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0061.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of the transport mechanism at a hydrocarbon spill site using geophysical, geologic, and geotechnical techniques AN - 1756505694; 2016-007517 AB - An accidental hydrocarbon release into a residential water well provides a case study for an assessment of the transport mechanism of a hydrocarbon in an alluvial depositional geologic setting. Due to the failure of initial results to recover the injected hydrocarbon in nearby wells, we collected ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data, soil samples, and soil conductivity logs throughout the site with the following objectives: (1) to understand the geologic setting, and (2) to identify the migratory path of the contaminant in the subsurface. Integrated interpretation of the GPR data, soil samples, and the soil conductivity logs provided evidence that the spilled hydrocarbon migrated against the direction of the dominant groundwater gradient but instead moved upward along dipping layers characteristic of the meandering river system. These results demonstrated that at a contaminated site having complex stratigraphy, traditional methods of characterization (such as monitoring wells) may fail, and the judicious use of geophysical and geotechnical tools may be able to provide insight into the mechanisms for the fate and transport of the contamination. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Babcock, Esther AU - Nettels, Chris AU - Beardsley, Peter AU - Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios AU - Doherty, Rory AU - Costa, Ralph AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Zhang, Chi AU - Soupios, Pantelis Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAB1 EP - SAB7 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - floodplains KW - mechanism KW - remediation KW - Chena River KW - topography KW - solvents KW - transport KW - sampling KW - oil spills KW - depositional environment KW - interpretation KW - water pollution KW - migration KW - Fairbanks Alaska KW - monitoring KW - meanders KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - case studies KW - soil pollution KW - fluvial features KW - Alaska KW - water wells KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+transport+mechanism+at+a+hydrocarbon+spill+site+using+geophysical%2C+geologic%2C+and+geotechnical+techniques&rft.au=Babcock%2C+Esther%3BNettels%2C+Chris%3BBeardsley%2C+Peter%3BNtarlagiannis%2C+Dimitrios%3BDoherty%2C+Rory%3BCosta%2C+Ralph%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BZhang%2C+Chi%3BSoupios%2C+Pantelis&rft.aulast=Babcock&rft.aufirst=Esther&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAB1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0048.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; case studies; Chena River; depositional environment; Fairbanks Alaska; floodplains; fluvial environment; fluvial features; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; interpretation; meanders; mechanism; migration; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; oil spills; pollutants; pollution; radar methods; remediation; sampling; soil pollution; solvents; topography; transport; United States; water pollution; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0048.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effective medium modeling; how to efficiently infer porosity from seismic data? AN - 1756505648; 2016-007523 AB - Many geophysical studies in reservoir characterization focus on the variations in the elastic properties of rocks. They commonly involve seismic data, which are processed in terms of seismic attributes. These processed data still have to be related to the physical properties of the rock mass and the fluids saturating the pore space. This need motivated the development of research projects based upon the effective medium theory (EMT). We have used the EMT to infer porosity and also fracture data from seismic impedances in part of the Fort Worth Basin, Texas. The main idea was to take advantage of the available impedances to characterize porosity in terms of equant pores and cracks. We then focused on the volume fraction of spherical pores and crack density. Shortly thereafter, we developed an effective medium (EM) model that provided numerical responses for seismic impedances. These responses were then compared to the impedances obtained from stratigraphic inversion. The overall procedure consisted in adjusting the input parameters of the EMT model, which were the spherical porosity and the crack density, to minimize the impedance mismatch. Our case study involved two limestone formations of the Fort Worth Basin (the Marble Falls and Ellenburger Formations) and one shaly formation (the Barnett Shale). The results are promising - The EMT turns out to be a very useful tool to explain reservoir and geophysical data in terms of microstructural properties, in particular, for fractured reservoirs. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Adelinet, Mathilde AU - Le Ravalec, Mickaele AU - Abriel, William L AU - Ackermann, Rolf AU - Artus, Vincent AU - Calderon, Carlos AU - Chen, Feng AU - Danbom, Steve AU - Laake, Andreas AU - Lecomte, Isabelle AU - Mongan, Joe AU - Rector, Jamie Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAC1 EP - SAC7 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - United States KW - rock masses KW - P-waves KW - Mississippian KW - density KW - one-dimensional models KW - elastic properties KW - characterization KW - Barnett Shale KW - elastic waves KW - Ordovician KW - impedance KW - body waves KW - three-dimensional models KW - Fort Worth Basin KW - Paleozoic KW - Ellenburger Group KW - geophysical methods KW - Carboniferous KW - optimization KW - Texas KW - equations KW - porosity KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - Oklahoma KW - Lower Ordovician KW - reservoir properties KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Effective+medium+modeling%3B+how+to+efficiently+infer+porosity+from+seismic+data%3F&rft.au=Adelinet%2C+Mathilde%3BLe+Ravalec%2C+Mickaele%3BAbriel%2C+William+L%3BAckermann%2C+Rolf%3BArtus%2C+Vincent%3BCalderon%2C+Carlos%3BChen%2C+Feng%3BDanbom%2C+Steve%3BLaake%2C+Andreas%3BLecomte%2C+Isabelle%3BMongan%2C+Joe%3BRector%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Adelinet&rft.aufirst=Mathilde&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAC1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0065.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. chart, sects., 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Barnett Shale; body waves; Carboniferous; characterization; density; elastic properties; elastic waves; Ellenburger Group; equations; Fort Worth Basin; geophysical methods; impedance; Lower Ordovician; Mississippian; models; Oklahoma; one-dimensional models; optimization; Ordovician; P-waves; Paleozoic; porosity; reservoir properties; rock masses; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; Texas; three-dimensional models; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0065.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical modeling for interpreters AN - 1756505595; 2016-007522 JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Abriel, William L AU - Ackermann, Rolf AU - Artus, Vincent AU - Calderon, Carlos AU - Chen, Feng AU - Danbom, Steve AU - Laake, Andreas AU - Lecomte, Isabelle AU - Mongan, Joe AU - Rector, Jamie Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAC1 EP - SAC106 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - models KW - gravity methods KW - geophysical methods KW - interpretation KW - seismic methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Geophysical+modeling+for+interpreters&rft.au=Abriel%2C+William+L%3BAckermann%2C+Rolf%3BArtus%2C+Vincent%3BCalderon%2C+Carlos%3BChen%2C+Feng%3BDanbom%2C+Steve%3BLaake%2C+Andreas%3BLecomte%2C+Isabelle%3BMongan%2C+Joe%3BRector%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Abriel&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAC1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geophysical methods; gravity methods; interpretation; models; seismic methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding regional-scale structural uncertainty; the onshore Gulf of Corinth rift as a hydrocarbon exploration analogue AN - 1756505586; 2016-007526 AB - A major challenge when exploring for hydrocarbons in frontier areas is a lack of data coverage. Data may be restricted to regional-scale 2D seismic lines, from which assumptions of the 3D geometric configuration are drawn. Understanding the limitations and uncertainties when extrapolating 2D data into 3D space is crucial when assessing the requirements for acquiring additional data such as 3D seismic or exploration wells and of assigning geologically reasonable uncertainty ranges. The onshore Gulf of Corinth Rift provides an excellent analog for rift-scale structural uncertainty in the context of hydrocarbon exploration. We have used seismic forward modeling to explore this area of uncertainty. Synthetic seismic sections have been generated across the rift based upon fault geometries mapped in the field. Comparisons that we made of these sections with the mapped geometries allowed quantification of uncertainties encountered when extrapolating 2D data into three dimensions. We have determined how potential column heights may be severely over and underestimated due to trap integrity, spill point depth, and fault seal ambiguities directly related to fault geometric uncertainty. In addition, fault geometries and linkages also controlled the location of hanging wall synrift reservoirs. Hence, gross reservoir volumes and sediment facies distributions were also significantly influenced by how fault geometries were extrapolated along-strike from 2D to 3D. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Wood, Alan AU - Paton, Douglas AU - Collier, Richard AU - O'Connor, Viki AU - Abriel, William L AU - Ackermann, Rolf AU - Artus, Vincent AU - Calderon, Carlos AU - Chen, Feng AU - Danbom, Steve AU - Laake, Andreas AU - Lecomte, Isabelle AU - Mongan, Joe AU - Rector, Jamie Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAC35 EP - SAC53 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - petroleum exploration KW - Gulf of Corinth KW - Greece KW - three-dimensional models KW - Peloponnesus Greece KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - Europe KW - onshore KW - two-dimensional models KW - Southern Europe KW - seismic methods KW - geometry KW - East Mediterranean KW - models KW - ray tracing KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - Ionian Sea KW - faults KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Understanding+regional-scale+structural+uncertainty%3B+the+onshore+Gulf+of+Corinth+rift+as+a+hydrocarbon+exploration+analogue&rft.au=Wood%2C+Alan%3BPaton%2C+Douglas%3BCollier%2C+Richard%3BO%27Connor%2C+Viki%3BAbriel%2C+William+L%3BAckermann%2C+Rolf%3BArtus%2C+Vincent%3BCalderon%2C+Carlos%3BChen%2C+Feng%3BDanbom%2C+Steve%3BLaake%2C+Andreas%3BLecomte%2C+Isabelle%3BMongan%2C+Joe%3BRector%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAC35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0046.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. block diags., sects., 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - East Mediterranean; Europe; faults; geometry; geophysical methods; Greece; Gulf of Corinth; Ionian Sea; Mediterranean Sea; models; onshore; Peloponnesus Greece; petroleum; petroleum exploration; ray tracing; seismic methods; Southern Europe; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0046.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the ground-penetrating radar response to ultrathin layers of nonaqueous phase liquid contaminants AN - 1756505574; 2016-007519 AB - Contamination of groundwater resources is a worldwide problem that threatens human health. Characterizing the type, location, and quantity of the contamination is the first step toward successful site remediation. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is one geophysical tool that provides information that may be used to derive the location and quantity of nonaqueous phase liquid contaminants (NAPLs). Because of the large contrast between the dielectric permittivity of water and NAPL, GPR is sensitive to areas in which NAPL displaces pore water. We have used numerical and physical models to investigate the GPR response to ultrathin layers of dense NAPL (DNAPL) trapped at a sand/clay interface. We have defined ultrathin as one-tenth of a wavelength lambda or less at the dominant frequency of the radar signal. The numerical and physical models were in good agreement and both found an increase in reflection strength of 10% or more with partially DNAPL-saturated layer thicknesses as low as 1/50th lambda . The reflection strength generally increased with DNAPL-layer thickness reaching a 61% increase with a layer thickness of 0.17 lambda . These results were especially pertinent to field investigations because they were often limited to lower frequency radar (< 100 MHz) and NAPL accumulations may lie well below the conventional radar 1/4 lambda radar resolution limit. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Babcock, Esther AU - Bradford, John AU - Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios AU - Doherty, Rory AU - Costa, Ralph AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Zhang, Chi AU - Soupios, Pantelis Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAB23 EP - SAB31 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - characterization KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - simulation KW - physical models KW - ground water KW - solvents KW - thickness KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - equations KW - dielectric constant KW - two-dimensional models KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - soil pollution KW - trichloroethylene KW - public health KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+ground-penetrating+radar+response+to+ultrathin+layers+of+nonaqueous+phase+liquid+contaminants&rft.au=Babcock%2C+Esther%3BBradford%2C+John%3BNtarlagiannis%2C+Dimitrios%3BDoherty%2C+Rory%3BCosta%2C+Ralph%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BZhang%2C+Chi%3BSoupios%2C+Pantelis&rft.aulast=Babcock&rft.aufirst=Esther&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAB23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0056.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dielectric constant; equations; geophysical methods; ground water; ground-penetrating radar; halogenated hydrocarbons; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; organic compounds; physical models; pollutants; pollution; public health; radar methods; simulation; soil pollution; solvents; tetrachloroethylene; thickness; trichloroethylene; two-dimensional models; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0056.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resistivity and induced polarization monitoring of biogas combined with microbial ecology at a brownfield site AN - 1756505538; 2016-007521 AB - The accumulation of biogenic greenhouse gases (methane, carbon dioxide) in organic sediments is an important factor in the redevelopment and risk management of many brownfield sites. Good practice with brownfield site characterization requires the identification of free-gas phases and pathways that allow its migration and release at the ground surface. Gas pockets trapped in the subsurface have contrasting properties with the surrounding porous media that favor their detection using geophysical methods. We have developed a case study in which pockets of gas were intercepted with multilevel monitoring wells, and their lateral continuity was monitored over time using resistivity. We have developed a novel interpretation procedure based on Archie's law to evaluate changes in water and gas content with respect to a mean background medium. We have used induced polarization data to account for errors in applying Archie's law due to the contribution of surface conductivity effects. Mosaics defined by changes in water saturation allowed the recognition of gas migration and groundwater infiltration routes and the association of gas and groundwater fluxes. The inference on flux patterns was analyzed by taking into account pressure measurements in trapped gas reservoirs and by metagenomic analysis of the microbiological content, which was retrieved from suspended sediments in groundwater sampled in multilevel monitoring wells. A conceptual model combining physical and microbiological subsurface processes suggested that biogas trapped at depth may have the ability to quickly travel to the surface. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Mendonca, Carlos A AU - Doherty, Rory AU - Amaral, Nathan D AU - McPolin, Blathnaid AU - Larkin, Michael J AU - Ustra, Andrea AU - Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios AU - Costa, Ralph AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Zhang, Chi AU - Soupios, Pantelis Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAB43 EP - SAB56 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - Sao Paulo Brazil KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Tiete River KW - mechanism KW - physical models KW - cores KW - transport KW - total organic carbon KW - induced polarization KW - ecology KW - water pollution KW - biodegradation KW - diffusion KW - methane KW - pollution KW - properties KW - equations KW - alkanes KW - resistivity KW - measurement KW - gases KW - South America KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - Brazil KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - water wells KW - brownfields KW - pore water KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Resistivity+and+induced+polarization+monitoring+of+biogas+combined+with+microbial+ecology+at+a+brownfield+site&rft.au=Mendonca%2C+Carlos+A%3BDoherty%2C+Rory%3BAmaral%2C+Nathan+D%3BMcPolin%2C+Blathnaid%3BLarkin%2C+Michael+J%3BUstra%2C+Andrea%3BNtarlagiannis%2C+Dimitrios%3BCosta%2C+Ralph%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BZhang%2C+Chi%3BSoupios%2C+Pantelis&rft.aulast=Mendonca&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAB43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0057.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; Brazil; brownfields; cores; diffusion; ecology; equations; gases; hydrocarbons; induced polarization; measurement; mechanism; methane; organic compounds; physical models; pollution; pore water; properties; public health; resistivity; Sao Paulo Brazil; saturation; South America; Tiete River; total organic carbon; transport; water pollution; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0057.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and monitoring of subsurface contamination AN - 1756505401; 2016-007516 JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios AU - Doherty, Rory AU - Costa, Ralph AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Zhang, Chi AU - Soupios, Pantelis Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAB1 EP - SAB56 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - water pollution KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+monitoring+of+subsurface+contamination&rft.au=Ntarlagiannis%2C+Dimitrios%3BDoherty%2C+Rory%3BCosta%2C+Ralph%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BZhang%2C+Chi%3BSoupios%2C+Pantelis&rft.aulast=Ntarlagiannis&rft.aufirst=Dimitrios&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAB1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; ground water; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollutants; pollution; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magnetic properties of soils in a designated Natura area (GR4310010, Giouchtas Mountain) AN - 1756505288; 2016-007520 AB - The magnetic behavior of the geologic formations around the Giouchtas or Juchtas Mountain (Mt.) in Central Crete, Greece, has been studied. The magnetic parameters (magnetic susceptibility [MS] and temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility) of 160 surface soil samples were interpreted based on available information (e.g., topographic, geologic, and historical) for the area of study. The soil samples have been collected from the low- and high-elevation regions of Giouchtas Mt. The low-elevation region, surrounding a north-south asymmetric ridge (strongly affected by the tectonic activity), is mainly covered by Miocene and recent sediments, whereas the high-elevation region is dominated by limestones. Differences in the spatial distribution of the MS and the thermomagnetic behavior of the soil samples indicated the strong influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the geologic formations. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Kokinou, Eleni AU - Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios AU - Doherty, Rory AU - Costa, Ralph AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Zhang, Chi AU - Soupios, Pantelis Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAB33 EP - SAB42 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - soils KW - limestone KW - Greece KW - elevation KW - paleomagnetism KW - Europe KW - temperature KW - Southern Europe KW - relief KW - magnetic properties KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Crete KW - magnetic susceptibility KW - carbonate rocks KW - Giouchtas Mountain KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Magnetic+properties+of+soils+in+a+designated+Natura+area+%28GR4310010%2C+Giouchtas+Mountain%29&rft.au=Kokinou%2C+Eleni%3BNtarlagiannis%2C+Dimitrios%3BDoherty%2C+Rory%3BCosta%2C+Ralph%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BZhang%2C+Chi%3BSoupios%2C+Pantelis&rft.aulast=Kokinou&rft.aufirst=Eleni&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAB33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0067.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonate rocks; Crete; elevation; Europe; Giouchtas Mountain; Greece; limestone; magnetic properties; magnetic susceptibility; paleomagnetism; relief; sedimentary rocks; soils; Southern Europe; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0067.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 3D modeling of buried valley geology using airborne electromagnetic data AN - 1756505244; 2016-007524 AB - Buried valleys are important hydrogeologic features of glaciated terrains. They often contain valuable groundwater resources; however, they can remain undetected by borehole-based hydrogeologic mapping or prospecting campaigns. Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys provide high-density information that can allow detailed features of buried valleys to be efficiently mapped over large geographic areas. Using AEM data for the Spiritwood Valley Aquifer system in Manitoba, Canada, we developed a 3D electric property model and a geologic model of the buried valley network. The 3D models were derived from voxel-based segmentation of electric resistivity obtained via spatially constrained inversion of two separate helicopter time-domain electromagnetic data sets (AeroTEM and versatile time-domain electromagnetic [VTEM]) collected over the survey area. Because the electric resistivity do not provide unequivocal information on subsurface lithology, we have used a cognitive procedure to interpret the electric property models of the aquifer complex, while simultaneously incorporating supporting information for the assignment of lithology in the 3D geologic model. For the Spiritwood model, supporting information included seismic reflection data and borehole records. These data constrained valley geometry and provided lithologic benchmarks at specific borehole sites and along seismic transects. The large-scale AeroTEM survey provided the basis for modeling the regional extent and connectivity of the Spiritwood Valley Aquifer system, whereas the local-scale VTEM survey provided higher near-surface resolution and insight into a detailed shallow architecture of individual buried valleys and their fill. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Sapia, Vincenzo AU - Oldenborger, Greg A AU - Jorgensen, Flemming AU - Pugin, Andre J M AU - Marchetti, Marco AU - Viezzoli, Andrea AU - Abriel, William L AU - Ackermann, Rolf AU - Artus, Vincent AU - Calderon, Carlos AU - Chen, Feng AU - Danbom, Steve AU - Laake, Andreas AU - Lecomte, Isabelle AU - Mongan, Joe AU - Rector, Jamie Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAC9 EP - SAC22 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - bedrock KW - southern Manitoba KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - connectivity KW - resistivity KW - Manitoba KW - digital terrain models KW - buried valleys KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Canada KW - electromagnetic methods KW - Western Canada KW - time domain analysis KW - Spiritwood Valley Aquifer KW - helicopter methods KW - airborne methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=3D+modeling+of+buried+valley+geology+using+airborne+electromagnetic+data&rft.au=Sapia%2C+Vincenzo%3BOldenborger%2C+Greg+A%3BJorgensen%2C+Flemming%3BPugin%2C+Andre+J+M%3BMarchetti%2C+Marco%3BViezzoli%2C+Andrea%3BAbriel%2C+William+L%3BAckermann%2C+Rolf%3BArtus%2C+Vincent%3BCalderon%2C+Carlos%3BChen%2C+Feng%3BDanbom%2C+Steve%3BLaake%2C+Andreas%3BLecomte%2C+Isabelle%3BMongan%2C+Joe%3BRector%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Sapia&rft.aufirst=Vincenzo&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAC9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0083.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; aquifers; bedrock; buried valleys; Canada; connectivity; digital terrain models; electrical methods; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; ground water; helicopter methods; Manitoba; models; resistivity; southern Manitoba; Spiritwood Valley Aquifer; three-dimensional models; time domain analysis; Western Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0083.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial ecology and geoelectric responses across a groundwater plume AN - 1756505227; 2016-007518 AB - We have used geophysics, microbiology, and geochemistry to link large-scale (30+ m) geophysical self-potential (SP) responses at a groundwater contaminant plume with its chemistry and microbial ecology of groundwater and soil from in and around it. We have found that microbially mediated transformation of ammonia to nitrite, nitrate, and nitrogen gas was likely to have promoted a well-defined electrochemical gradient at the edge of the plume, which dominated the SP response. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the plume fringe or anode of the geobattery was dominated by electrogens and biodegradative microorganisms including Proteobacteria alongside Geobacteraceae, Desulfobulbaceae, and Nitrosomonadaceae. The uncultivated candidate phylum OD1 dominated uncontaminated areas of the site. We defined the redox boundary at the plume edge using the calculated and observed electric SP geophysical measurements. Conductive soils and waste acted as an electronic conductor, which was dominated by abiotic iron cycling processes that sequester electrons generated at the plume fringe. We have suggested that such geoelectric phenomena can act as indicators of natural attenuation processes that control groundwater plumes. Further work is required to monitor electron transfer across the geoelectric dipole to fully define this phenomenon as a geobattery. This approach can be used as a novel way of monitoring microbial activity around the degradation of contaminated groundwater plumes or to monitor in situ bioelectric systems designed to manage groundwater plumes. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Doherty, Rory AU - McPolin, Blathnaid AU - Kulessa, Bernd AU - Frau, Alessandra AU - Kulakova, Anna AU - Allen, Christopher C R AU - Larkin, Michael J AU - Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios AU - Costa, Ralph AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Zhang, Chi AU - Soupios, Pantelis Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAB9 EP - SAB21 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - contaminant plumes KW - Nitrosomonadaceae KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - equations KW - resistivity KW - hydrochemistry KW - Proteobacteria KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Desulfobulbaceae KW - Geobacteraceae KW - soil pollution KW - movement KW - ecology KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Microbial+ecology+and+geoelectric+responses+across+a+groundwater+plume&rft.au=Doherty%2C+Rory%3BMcPolin%2C+Blathnaid%3BKulessa%2C+Bernd%3BFrau%2C+Alessandra%3BKulakova%2C+Anna%3BAllen%2C+Christopher+C+R%3BLarkin%2C+Michael+J%3BNtarlagiannis%2C+Dimitrios%3BCosta%2C+Ralph%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BZhang%2C+Chi%3BSoupios%2C+Pantelis&rft.aulast=Doherty&rft.aufirst=Rory&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAB9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0058.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; characterization; contaminant plumes; Desulfobulbaceae; ecology; electrical methods; equations; Geobacteraceae; geochemistry; geophysical methods; ground water; hydrochemistry; monitoring; movement; Nitrosomonadaceae; pollution; Proteobacteria; resistivity; soil pollution; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0058.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calibration of attribute anomalies through prestack seismic modeling AN - 1756505126; 2016-007527 AB - Seismic modeling is commonly used in determining subsurface illumination of alternative seismic survey designs, in the calibration of seismic processing and imaging algorithms, and in the design of effective processing workflows. Seismic modeling also forms the mathematical kernel of impedance inversion and is routinely used to predict the amplitude-variation-with-offset response as a function of rock and fluid properties. However, the use of seismic modeling in seismic attribute studies is less common. We have evaluated four case studies in which 2D synthetic common shot gathers were computed (acoustic or elastic) and processed (including migration) to evaluate possible interpretation hypotheses. The modeling we used in our study shows that the lack of continuous coherence anomalies in a faulted Chicontepec Basin survey was due to overprinting by coherent interbed multiples. Attributes computed from the resulting processed model data revealed that subtle curvature anomalies in a Mississippi Lime survey were due to karst collapse rather than to velocity pushdown related to vertical gas migration. Impedance attributes computed from a Woodford Shale model favored the hypothesis of increased porosity correlated with the occurrence of subtle faults rather than amplitude dimming due to poor fault imaging. Finally, modeling of a fractured basement survey in the Texas Panhandle survey indicated that headwave suppression preserved the basement fracture response while increasing the signal-to-noise ratio. Seismic attribute study on seismic modeling results helped significantly in testing possible interpretation hypotheses in all of our case studies. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Verma, Sumit AU - Mutlu, Onur AU - Ha, Thang AU - Bailey, William AU - Marfurt, Kurt J AU - Abriel, William L AU - Ackermann, Rolf AU - Artus, Vincent AU - Calderon, Carlos AU - Chen, Feng AU - Danbom, Steve AU - Laake, Andreas AU - Lecomte, Isabelle AU - Mongan, Joe AU - Rector, Jamie Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAC55 EP - SAC70 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - seismic attributes KW - models KW - four-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - velocity KW - calibration KW - algorithms KW - seismic migration KW - seismic methods KW - prestack migration KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Calibration+of+attribute+anomalies+through+prestack+seismic+modeling&rft.au=Verma%2C+Sumit%3BMutlu%2C+Onur%3BHa%2C+Thang%3BBailey%2C+William%3BMarfurt%2C+Kurt+J%3BAbriel%2C+William+L%3BAckermann%2C+Rolf%3BArtus%2C+Vincent%3BCalderon%2C+Carlos%3BChen%2C+Feng%3BDanbom%2C+Steve%3BLaake%2C+Andreas%3BLecomte%2C+Isabelle%3BMongan%2C+Joe%3BRector%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Verma&rft.aufirst=Sumit&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAC55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0072.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; calibration; finite difference analysis; four-dimensional models; geophysical methods; models; prestack migration; seismic attributes; seismic methods; seismic migration; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0072.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integration of seismic and gravity data; a case study from the western Gulf of Mexico AN - 1756505020; 2016-007530 AB - A 3D gravity model was developed in the western Gulf of Mexico in the East Breaks and Alaminos Canyon protraction areas. This model integrated 3D seismic, gravity, and well data; it was constructed in support of a proprietary seismic reprocessing project and was updated iteratively with seismic. The gravity model was built from seismic horizons of the bathymetry, salt layers, and the acoustic basement; however, the latter was only possible to map in seismic data during the latest iterations. In addition, a deep layer representing the Moho boundary was derived from gravity and constrained by public-domain refraction data. A 3D density distribution was derived from the seismic velocity volume using a modified Gardner equation. The modification comprised imposing a depth dependency on the Gardner coefficient, which is constant in the classic Gardner equation. The modified coefficient was derived from well data in the study area and public-domain velocity-density data sets. The forward-calculated gravity response of the composed density model was then compared with the observed gravity field, and the mismatch was analyzed jointly by a seismic interpreter and a gravity modeler. Adjustments were then made to the gravity model to ensure that the resultant salt model was geologically reasonable and supported by gravity, seismic, and well data sets. The output of the gravity modeling was subsequently applied to the next phase of seismic processing. Overall, this integration resulted in a more robust salt model, which has led to significant improvements in subsalt seismic imaging. The analysis of the regional trend in the observed gravity field suggested that a stretched continental crust underlay our seismic reprocessing area, with an oceanic-continental transition zone located to the southeast of our reprocessing region. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Filina, Irina AU - Delebo, Nicholas AU - Mohapatra, Gopal AU - Coble, Clayton AU - Harris, Gary AU - Layman, John AU - Strickler, Mike AU - Blangy, Jean-Pierre AU - Abriel, William L AU - Ackermann, Rolf AU - Artus, Vincent AU - Calderon, Carlos AU - Chen, Feng AU - Danbom, Steve AU - Laake, Andreas AU - Lecomte, Isabelle AU - Mongan, Joe AU - Rector, Jamie Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAC99 EP - SAC106 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - free-air anomalies KW - density KW - three-dimensional models KW - iterative methods KW - geophysical methods KW - basement KW - Mohorovicic discontinuity KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - seismic methods KW - case studies KW - gravity methods KW - gravity anomalies KW - Alaminos Canyon KW - Bouguer anomalies KW - East Breaks KW - North Atlantic KW - western Gulf of Mexico KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Integration+of+seismic+and+gravity+data%3B+a+case+study+from+the+western+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Filina%2C+Irina%3BDelebo%2C+Nicholas%3BMohapatra%2C+Gopal%3BCoble%2C+Clayton%3BHarris%2C+Gary%3BLayman%2C+John%3BStrickler%2C+Mike%3BBlangy%2C+Jean-Pierre%3BAbriel%2C+William+L%3BAckermann%2C+Rolf%3BArtus%2C+Vincent%3BCalderon%2C+Carlos%3BChen%2C+Feng%3BDanbom%2C+Steve%3BLaake%2C+Andreas%3BLecomte%2C+Isabelle%3BMongan%2C+Joe%3BRector%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Filina&rft.aufirst=Irina&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAC99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0050.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaminos Canyon; Atlantic Ocean; basement; Bouguer anomalies; case studies; density; East Breaks; free-air anomalies; geophysical methods; gravity anomalies; gravity methods; Gulf of Mexico; iterative methods; Mohorovicic discontinuity; North Atlantic; seismic methods; three-dimensional models; western Gulf of Mexico DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0050.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of the en echelon fault connectivity on reservoir flow simulations AN - 1756504348; 2016-007525 AB - Limited resolution and quality of seismic data and time requirements for seismic interpretation can prevent a precise description of the connections between faults. We have focused on the impact of the uncertainties related to the connectivity of en echelon fault arrays on fluid flow simulations. We used a set of 100 different stochastic models of the same en echelon fault array. These fault array models varied in the number of relay zones, relative position of fault segments, size of overlap zones, and number of relay faults. We automatically generated a flow model from each fault array model in four main steps: (1) stochastic computation of relay fault throw, (2) horizon building, (3) generation of a flow simulation grid, and (4) definition of the static and dynamic parameters. Flow simulations performed on these stochastic fault models with deterministic petrophysical parameters entailed significant variability of reservoir behavior, which cannot always discriminate between the types of fault segmentation. We observed that the simplest interpretation consisting of one fault yielded significantly biased water cut forecasts at production wells. This highlighted the importance of integrating fault connectivity uncertainty in reservoir behavior studies. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Julio, Charline AU - Caumon, Guillaume AU - Ford, Mary AU - Abriel, William L AU - Ackermann, Rolf AU - Artus, Vincent AU - Calderon, Carlos AU - Chen, Feng AU - Danbom, Steve AU - Laake, Andreas AU - Lecomte, Isabelle AU - Mongan, Joe AU - Rector, Jamie Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAC23 EP - SAC34 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - en echelon faults KW - hanging wall KW - geophysical methods KW - connectivity KW - fluid flow KW - segmentation KW - displacements KW - simulation KW - variations KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - geometry KW - models KW - physical properties KW - stochastic processes KW - quantitative analysis KW - reservoir properties KW - interpretation KW - faults KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756504348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Impact+of+the+en+echelon+fault+connectivity+on+reservoir+flow+simulations&rft.au=Julio%2C+Charline%3BCaumon%2C+Guillaume%3BFord%2C+Mary%3BAbriel%2C+William+L%3BAckermann%2C+Rolf%3BArtus%2C+Vincent%3BCalderon%2C+Carlos%3BChen%2C+Feng%3BDanbom%2C+Steve%3BLaake%2C+Andreas%3BLecomte%2C+Isabelle%3BMongan%2C+Joe%3BRector%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Julio&rft.aufirst=Charline&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAC23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0060.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - connectivity; displacements; en echelon faults; faults; fluid flow; geometry; geophysical methods; hanging wall; interpretation; models; physical properties; quantitative analysis; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; segmentation; seismic methods; simulation; stochastic processes; variations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0060.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling processed seismic data to improve seismic facies prediction AN - 1756504338; 2016-007529 AB - Interpreters need to screen and select the most geologically robust inversion products from increasingly larger data volumes, particularly in the absence of significant well control. Seismic processing and inversion routines are devised to provide reliable elastic parameters (V (sub p) /V (sub s) and rho ) from which the interpreter can predict the fluid and lithology properties. Seismic data modeling, for example, the Shuey approximations and the convolution inversion models, greatly assist in the parameterization of the processing flows within acceptable uncertainty limits and in establishing a measure of the reliability of the processing. Joint impedance facies inversion (Ji-Fi(Registered trademark)) is a new inversion methodology that jointly inverts for acoustic impedance and seismic facies. Seismic facies are separately defined in elastic space (V (sub p) /V (sub s) and rho ), and a dedicated low-frequency model per facies is used. Because Ji-Fi does not need well data from within the area to define the facies or depth trends, wells from outside the area or theoretical constraints may be used. More accurate analyses of the reliability of the inversion products are a key advance because the results of the Ji-Fi lithology prediction may then be quantitatively and independently assessed at well locations. We used a novel visual representation of a confusion matrix to quantitatively assess the sensitivity and uncertainty in the results when compared with facies predicted from the depth trends and well-elastic parameters and the well-log lithologies observed. Thus, using simple models and the Ji-Fi inversion technique, we had an improved, quantified understanding of our data, the processes that had been applied, the parameterization, and the inversion results. Rock physics could further transform the elastic properties to more reservoir-focused parameters: volume of shale and porosity, volumes of facies, reservoir property uncertainties - all information required for interpretation and reservoir modeling. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Pelham, Adrian AU - Abriel, William L AU - Ackermann, Rolf AU - Artus, Vincent AU - Calderon, Carlos AU - Chen, Feng AU - Danbom, Steve AU - Laake, Andreas AU - Lecomte, Isabelle AU - Mongan, Joe AU - Rector, Jamie Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - SAC91 EP - SAC98 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - AVO methods KW - Bayesian analysis KW - elastic properties KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - elastic waves KW - equations KW - seismic methods KW - models KW - lithofacies KW - wavelets KW - quantitative analysis KW - algorithms KW - amplitude KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756504338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+processed+seismic+data+to+improve+seismic+facies+prediction&rft.au=Pelham%2C+Adrian%3BAbriel%2C+William+L%3BAckermann%2C+Rolf%3BArtus%2C+Vincent%3BCalderon%2C+Carlos%3BChen%2C+Feng%3BDanbom%2C+Steve%3BLaake%2C+Andreas%3BLecomte%2C+Isabelle%3BMongan%2C+Joe%3BRector%2C+Jamie&rft.aulast=Pelham&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=SAC91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2015-0069.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; amplitude; AVO methods; Bayesian analysis; elastic properties; elastic waves; equations; geophysical methods; inverse problem; lithofacies; models; quantitative analysis; seismic methods; statistical analysis; wavelets DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0069.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of Nitrite Stress Response in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, a Model Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium AN - 1746893311; PQ0002308765 AB - Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are sensitive to low concentrations of nitrite, and nitrite has been used to control SRB-related biofouling in oil fields. Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, a model SRB, carries a cytochrome c-type nitrite reductase (nrfHA) that confers resistance to low concentrations of nitrite. The regulation of this nitrite reductase has not been directly examined to date. In this study, we show that DVU0621 (NrfR), a sigma54-dependent two-component system response regulator, is the positive regulator for this operon. NrfR activates the expression of the nrfHA operon in response to nitrite stress. We also show that nrfR is needed for fitness at low cell densities in the presence of nitrite because inactivation of nrfR affects the rate of nitrite reduction. We also predict and validate the binding sites for NrfR upstream of the nrfHA operon using purified NrfR in gel shift assays. We discuss possible roles for NrfR in regulating nitrate reductase genes in nitrate-utilizing Desulfovibrio spp. IMPORTANCE The NrfA nitrite reductase is prevalent across several bacterial phyla and required for dissimilatory nitrite reduction. However, regulation of the nrfA gene has been studied in only a few nitrate-utilizing bacteria. Here, we show that in D. vulgaris, a bacterium that does not respire nitrate, the expression of nrfHA is induced by NrfR upon nitrite stress. This is the first report of regulation of nrfA by a sigma54-dependent two-component system. Our study increases our knowledge of nitrite stress responses and possibly of the regulation of nitrate reduction in SRB. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Rajeev, Lara AU - Chen, Amy AU - Kazakov, Alexey E AU - Luning, Eric G AU - Zane, Grant M AU - Novichkov, Pavel S AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila AD - << + $0, amukhopadhyay@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 3400 EP - 3408 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 197 IS - 21 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Fitness KW - Bacteria KW - Cytochromes KW - Sulfate-reducing bacteria KW - biofouling KW - Cell density KW - Nitrate reductase KW - Stress KW - Desulfovibrio vulgaris KW - Oil KW - Nitrite reductase KW - Nitrate reduction KW - Desulfovibrio KW - Nitrite KW - Operons KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746893311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+Nitrite+Stress+Response+in+Desulfovibrio+vulgaris+Hildenborough%2C+a+Model+Sulfate-Reducing+Bacterium&rft.au=Rajeev%2C+Lara%3BChen%2C+Amy%3BKazakov%2C+Alexey+E%3BLuning%2C+Eric+G%3BZane%2C+Grant+M%3BNovichkov%2C+Pavel+S%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+Aindrila&rft.aulast=Rajeev&rft.aufirst=Lara&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3400&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00319-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Fitness; Cytochromes; Sulfate-reducing bacteria; Nitrite reductase; biofouling; Nitrate reduction; Nitrate reductase; Cell density; Stress; Operons; Nitrite; Bacteria; Desulfovibrio; Desulfovibrio vulgaris DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00319-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The value of protein structure classification information-Surveying the scientific literature AN - 1727682293; PQ0002168814 AB - The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) and Class, Architecture, Topology, Homology (CATH) databases have been valuable resources for protein structure classification for over 20 years. Development of SCOP (version 1) concluded in June 2009 with SCOP 1.75. The SCOPe (SCOP-extended) database offers continued development of the classic SCOP hierarchy, adding over 33,000 structures. We have attempted to assess the impact of these two decade old resources and guide future development. To this end, we surveyed recent articles to learn how structure classification data are used. Of 571 articles published in 2012-2013 that cite SCOP, 439 actually use data from the resource. We found that the type of use was fairly evenly distributed among four top categories: A) study protein structure or evolution (27% of articles), B) train and/or benchmark algorithms (28% of articles), C) augment non-SCOP datasets with SCOP classification (21% of articles), and D) examine the classification of one protein/a small set of proteins (22% of articles). Most articles described computational research, although 11% described purely experimental research, and a further 9% included both. We examined how CATH and SCOP were used in 158 articles that cited both databases: while some studies used only one dataset, the majority used data from both resources. Protein structure classification remains highly relevant for a diverse range of problems and settings. Proteins 2015; 83:2025-2038. JF - Proteins: Structure, Function and Bioinformatics AU - Fox, Naomi K AU - Brenner, Steven E AU - Chandonia, John-Marc AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physical Biosciences Division, Berkeley, California, 94720. Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - Nov 2015 SP - 2025 EP - 2038 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 United States VL - 83 IS - 11 SN - 0887-3585, 0887-3585 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Protein structure KW - Databases KW - Data processing KW - Homology KW - Algorithms KW - Bioinformatics KW - Computer applications KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1727682293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+and+Bioinformatics&rft.atitle=The+value+of+protein+structure+classification+information-Surveying+the+scientific+literature&rft.au=Fox%2C+Naomi+K%3BBrenner%2C+Steven+E%3BChandonia%2C+John-Marc&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Naomi&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2025&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteins%3A+Structure%2C+Function+and+Bioinformatics&rft.issn=08873585&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fprot.24915 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Protein structure; Databases; Data processing; Homology; Algorithms; Bioinformatics; Computer applications DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.24915 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid selective sweep of pre-existing polymorphisms and slow fixation of new mutations in experimental evolution of Desulfovibrio vulgaris. AN - 1725024306; 25848870 AB - To investigate the genetic basis of microbial evolutionary adaptation to salt (NaCl) stress, populations of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH), a sulfate-reducing bacterium important for the biogeochemical cycling of sulfur, carbon and nitrogen, and potentially the bioremediation of toxic heavy metals and radionuclides, were propagated under salt stress or non-stress conditions for 1200 generations. Whole-genome sequencing revealed 11 mutations in salt stress-evolved clone ES9-11 and 14 mutations in non-stress-evolved clone EC3-10. Whole-population sequencing data suggested the rapid selective sweep of the pre-existing polymorphisms under salt stress within the first 100 generations and the slow fixation of new mutations. Population genotyping data demonstrated that the rapid selective sweep of pre-existing polymorphisms was common in salt stress-evolved populations. In contrast, the selection of pre-existing polymorphisms was largely random in EC populations. Consistently, at 100 generations, stress-evolved population ES9 showed improved salt tolerance, namely increased growth rate (2.0-fold), higher biomass yield (1.8-fold) and shorter lag phase (0.7-fold) under higher salinity conditions. The beneficial nature of several mutations was confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis. All four tested mutations contributed to the shortened lag phases under higher salinity condition. In particular, compared with the salt tolerance improvement in ES9-11, a mutation in a histidine kinase protein gene lytS contributed 27% of the growth rate increase and 23% of the biomass yield increase while a mutation in hypothetical gene DVU2472 contributed 24% of the biomass yield increase. Our results suggested that a few beneficial mutations could lead to dramatic improvements in salt tolerance. JF - The ISME journal AU - Zhou, Aifen AU - Hillesland, Kristina L AU - He, Zhili AU - Schackwitz, Wendy AU - Tu, Qichao AU - Zane, Grant M AU - Ma, Qiao AU - Qu, Yuanyuan AU - Stahl, David A AU - Wall, Judy D AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Fields, Matthew W AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA. ; Biological Sciences, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA, USA. ; Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA. ; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA. ; Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. ; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA. ; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/11// PY - 2015 DA - November 2015 SP - 2360 EP - 2372 VL - 9 IS - 11 KW - Metals, Heavy KW - 0 KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Sulfur KW - 70FD1KFU70 KW - Index Medicus KW - Phenotype KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Genotype KW - Salt-Tolerance -- genetics KW - Salinity KW - Gene Frequency KW - DNA Mutational Analysis KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Sulfur -- chemistry KW - Sodium Chloride -- chemistry KW - Metals, Heavy -- chemistry KW - Biomass KW - Polymorphism, Genetic KW - Desulfovibrio vulgaris -- genetics KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Desulfovibrio vulgaris -- metabolism KW - Evolution, Molecular UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1725024306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+ISME+journal&rft.atitle=Rapid+selective+sweep+of+pre-existing+polymorphisms+and+slow+fixation+of+new+mutations+in+experimental+evolution+of+Desulfovibrio+vulgaris.&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Aifen%3BHillesland%2C+Kristina+L%3BHe%2C+Zhili%3BSchackwitz%2C+Wendy%3BTu%2C+Qichao%3BZane%2C+Grant+M%3BMa%2C+Qiao%3BQu%2C+Yuanyuan%3BStahl%2C+David+A%3BWall%2C+Judy+D%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BFields%2C+Matthew+W%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Aifen&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2360&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+ISME+journal&rft.issn=1751-7370&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2015.45 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-06-23 N1 - Date created - 2015-10-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 10;99(25):16243-8 [12446835] J Bacteriol. 2002 Nov;184(21):5903-11 [12374824] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jul 22;100(15):9061-6 [12853569] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Dec 23;100(26):15724-9 [14676322] J Bacteriol. 1996 Feb;178(3):611-8 [8550490] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1996 Feb;62(2):316-22 [8593035] Mol Biol Evol. 1998 Jul;15(7):789-97 [9656481] Nucleic Acids Res. 2005;33(4):e36 [15731329] Genetics. 2005 Apr;169(4):1825-31 [15744058] Nature. 2005 Aug 4;436(7051):714-9 [16079849] Nature. 2005 Oct 6;437(7060):889-93 [16208372] J Bacteriol. 2006 Jun;188(11):4068-78 [16707698] Biometals. 2006 Apr;19(2):143-57 [16718600] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Aug;72(8):5578-88 [16885312] Nat Genet. 2006 Dec;38(12):1406-12 [17086184] Genome Res. 2008 Nov;18(11):1851-8 [18714091] BMC Microbiol. 2009;9:119 [19493359] PLoS Genet. 2009 Oct;5(10):e1000671 [19798444] PLoS Biol. 2009 Nov;7(11):e1000250 [19956798] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Dec;75(24):7682-91 [19837844] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2010 Mar;76(5):1574-86 [20038696] Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2009;74:119-29 [19776167] Chem Rec. 2010 Aug;10(4):217-29 [20607761] Curr Biol. 2010 Aug 10;20(15):1383-8 [20637622] Mol Ecol. 2011 Mar;20(5):972-80 [20874764] J Evol Biol. 2011 May;24(5):1135-53 [21375649] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011 Jun;9(6):452-66 [21572460] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Aug;77(15):5352-60 [21642407] ISME J. 2012 May;6(5):975-83 [22113376] Mol Ecol. 2012 May;21(9):2058-77 [22332770] Genome Biol. 2011;12(10):R99 [21992415] EMBO J. 2012 May 30;31(11):2648-59 [22543870] BMC Genomics. 2012;13:138 [22507456] Mol Syst Biol. 2013;9:643 [23385483] ISME J. 2013 Jun;7(6):1080-91 [23364353] ISME J. 2013 Sep;7(9):1790-802 [23575373] Nature. 2013 Aug 29;500(7464):571-4 [23873039] Nat Rev Genet. 2013 Dec;14(12):827-39 [24166031] Microb Cell Fact. 2013;12:99 [24171944] Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2014 Feb;64(Pt 2):357-65 [24505074] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Jun;80(12):3729-40 [24727267] J Mol Biol. 2001 Jan 19;305(3):491-503 [11152607] Annu Rev Microbiol. 2001;55:305-32 [11544358] Nat Rev Genet. 2003 Jun;4(6):457-69 [12776215] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.45 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fabrication of One-Dimensional Zigzag [6,6]-Phenyl-C61-Butyric Acid Methyl Ester Nanoribbons from Two-Dimensional Nanosheets. AN - 1727987265; 26381227 AB - One-dimensional (1D) zigzag [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) nanoribbons are produced by folding two-dimensional ultrathin PCBM nanosheets in a simple solvent process. The unique 1D PCBM nanostructures exhibit uniform width of 3.8 ± 0.3 nm, equivalent to four PCBM molecules, and lengths of 20-400 nm. These nanoribbons show well-defined crystalline structure, comprising PCBM molecules in a hexagonal arrangement without trapped solvent molecules. First-principle calculations and detailed experimental characterization provide an insight into the structure and formation mechanism of the 1D PCBM nanoribbons. Given their dimensions and physical properties, we foresee that these nanostructures should be ideal as acceptor material in organic solar cells. JF - ACS nano AU - Gracia-Espino, Eduardo AU - Barzegar, Hamid Reza AU - Sharifi, Tiva AU - Yan, Aiming AU - Zettl, Alex AU - Wågberg, Thomas AD - Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2015/10/27/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Oct 27 SP - 10516 EP - 10522 VL - 9 IS - 10 KW - nanorods KW - density functional theory calculations KW - nanosheets KW - liquid−liquid interfacial precipitation KW - nanoribbons KW - electron microscopy KW - PCBM UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1727987265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Fabrication+of+One-Dimensional+Zigzag+%5B6%2C6%5D-Phenyl-C61-Butyric+Acid+Methyl+Ester+Nanoribbons+from+Two-Dimensional+Nanosheets.&rft.au=Gracia-Espino%2C+Eduardo%3BBarzegar%2C+Hamid+Reza%3BSharifi%2C+Tiva%3BYan%2C+Aiming%3BZettl%2C+Alex%3BW%C3%A5gberg%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Gracia-Espino&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft.date=2015-10-27&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=10516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facsnano.5b04972 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-01-26 N1 - Date created - 2015-10-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b04972 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolomics reveals metabolic changes in male reproductive cells exposed to thirdhand smoke. AN - 1727436747; 26489853 AB - Thirdhand smoke (THS) is a new term for the toxins in cigarette smoke that linger in the environment long after the cigarettes are extinguished. The effects of THS exposure on male reproduction have not yet been studied. In this study, metabolic changes in male germ cell lines (GC-2 and TM-4) were analyzed after THS treatment for 24 h. THS-loaded chromatography paper samples were generated in a laboratory chamber system and extracted in DMEM. At a paper: DMEM ratio of 50 μg/ml, cell viability in both cell lines was normal, as measured by the MTT assay and markers of cytotoxicity, cell cycle, apoptosis and ROS production were normal as measured by quantitative immunofluorescence. Metabolomic analysis was performed on methanol extracts of GC-2 and TM-4 cells. Glutathione metabolism in GC-2 cells, and nucleic acid and ammonia metabolism in TM-4 cells, was changed significantly by THS treatment. RT-PCR analyses of mRNA for enzyme genes Gss and Ggt in GC-2 cells, and TK, SMS and Glna in TM-4 cells reinforced these findings, showing changes in the levels of enzymes involved in the relevant pathways. In conclusion, exposure to THS at very low concentrations caused distinct metabolic changes in two different types of male reproductive cell lines. JF - Scientific reports AU - Xu, Bo AU - Chen, Minjian AU - Yao, Mengmeng AU - Ji, Xiaoli AU - Mao, Zhilei AU - Tang, Wei AU - Qiao, Shanlei AU - Schick, Suzaynn F AU - Mao, Jian-Hua AU - Hang, Bo AU - Xia, Yankai AD - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. ; Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210024, China. ; Department of Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. ; Department of Cancer &DNA Damage Responses, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2015/10/22/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Oct 22 SP - 15512 VL - 5 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Nicotine KW - 6M3C89ZY6R KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Nicotine -- toxicity KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Biomarkers -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Metabolomics KW - Male KW - Tobacco -- toxicity KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1727436747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Metabolomics+reveals+metabolic+changes+in+male+reproductive+cells+exposed+to+thirdhand+smoke.&rft.au=Xu%2C+Bo%3BChen%2C+Minjian%3BYao%2C+Mengmeng%3BJi%2C+Xiaoli%3BMao%2C+Zhilei%3BTang%2C+Wei%3BQiao%2C+Shanlei%3BSchick%2C+Suzaynn+F%3BMao%2C+Jian-Hua%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BXia%2C+Yankai&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2015-10-22&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep15512 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-09-08 N1 - Date created - 2015-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Hum Exp Toxicol. 2002 Jan;21(1):7-11 [12046726] Tob Control. 2014 Mar;23(2):152-9 [23716171] Mar Pollut Bull. 2002;45(1-12):17-23 [12398363] Pharmacol Ther. 1991 Dec;52(3):287-305 [1820580] Lancet Oncol. 2008 Jul;9(7):657-66 [18598930] Nicotine Tob Res. 2008 Sep;10(9):1467-75 [19023838] Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4 [19212411] Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2009;201:1-39 [19484587] Nicotine Tob Res. 2009 Dec;11(12):1458-66 [19933777] Toxicol Lett. 2014 Apr 7;226(1):81-9 [24495410] Nanoscale. 2014 Jul 21;6(14):8265-73 [24931221] Carcinogenesis. 2002 Jun;23(6):907-22 [12082012] Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1999 Jun;20(6):1286-93 [10340948] Mutat Res. 2004 Nov;567(2-3):427-45 [15572289] Mutat Res. 2004 Nov;567(2-3):447-74 [15572290] Circulation. 2005 May 24;111(20):2684-98 [15911719] Mol Genet Metab. 2005 Sep-Oct;86(1-2):25-33 [16176880] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Jul;16(7):1382-6 [17627002] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Feb;163(2):429-36 [11179118] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Jan 19;92(2):106-11 [10639511] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Aug;16(8):1547-53 [17684127] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Apr 13;107(15):6576-81 [20142504] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2010 Dec;9(12):2617-28 [20699381] Tob Control. 2011 Jan;20(1):e1 [21037269] Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Sep;119(9):1218-26 [21628107] Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012 Apr;47(4):338-45 [22006579] PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44754 [23024759] Mutagenesis. 2013 Jul;28(4):381-91 [23462851] Oncol Rep. 2013 Nov;30(5):2529-35 [24026034] Aquat Toxicol. 2013 Nov 15;144-145:250-6 [24189433] PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e86391 [24489722] Erratum In: Sci Rep. 2016;6:23849 [27072199] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep15512 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Peptoid nanosheets exhibit a new secondary-structure motif. AN - 1722924444; 26444241 AB - A promising route to the synthesis of protein-mimetic materials that are capable of complex functions, such as molecular recognition and catalysis, is provided by sequence-defined peptoid polymers--structural relatives of biologically occurring polypeptides. Peptoids, which are relatively non-toxic and resistant to degradation, can fold into defined structures through a combination of sequence-dependent interactions. However, the range of possible structures that are accessible to peptoids and other biological mimetics is unknown, and our ability to design protein-like architectures from these polymer classes is limited. Here we use molecular-dynamics simulations, together with scattering and microscopy data, to determine the atomic-resolution structure of the recently discovered peptoid nanosheet, an ordered supramolecular assembly that extends macroscopically in only two dimensions. Our simulations show that nanosheets are structurally and dynamically heterogeneous, can be formed only from peptoids of certain lengths, and are potentially porous to water and ions. Moreover, their formation is enabled by the peptoids' adoption of a secondary structure that is not seen in the natural world. This structure, a zigzag pattern that we call a Σ('sigma')-strand, results from the ability of adjacent backbone monomers to adopt opposed rotational states, thereby allowing the backbone to remain linear and untwisted. Linear backbones tiled in a brick-like way form an extended two-dimensional nanostructure, the Σ-sheet. The binary rotational-state motif of the Σ-strand is not seen in regular protein structures, which are usually built from one type of rotational state. We also show that the concept of building regular structures from multiple rotational states can be generalized beyond the peptoid nanosheet system. JF - Nature AU - Mannige, Ranjan V AU - Haxton, Thomas K AU - Proulx, Caroline AU - Robertson, Ellen J AU - Battigelli, Alessia AU - Butterfoss, Glenn L AU - Zuckermann, Ronald N AU - Whitelam, Stephen AD - Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94709, USA. ; Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Y1 - 2015/10/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Oct 15 SP - 415 EP - 420 VL - 526 IS - 7573 KW - Peptoids KW - 0 KW - Polymers KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Structure, Secondary KW - Polymers -- chemical synthesis KW - Amino Acid Motifs KW - Models, Molecular KW - Porosity KW - Polymers -- chemistry KW - Molecular Dynamics Simulation KW - Biomimetic Materials -- chemical synthesis KW - Peptoids -- chemistry KW - Nanostructures -- chemistry KW - Biomimetic Materials -- chemistry KW - Peptoids -- chemical synthesis KW - Rotation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722924444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Peptoid+nanosheets+exhibit+a+new+secondary-structure+motif.&rft.au=Mannige%2C+Ranjan+V%3BHaxton%2C+Thomas+K%3BProulx%2C+Caroline%3BRobertson%2C+Ellen+J%3BBattigelli%2C+Alessia%3BButterfoss%2C+Glenn+L%3BZuckermann%2C+Ronald+N%3BWhitelam%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Mannige&rft.aufirst=Ranjan&rft.date=2015-10-15&rft.volume=526&rft.issue=7573&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature15363 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-04-28 N1 - Date created - 2015-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature15363 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Poroelasticity of carbonates with fractured grains and fluid-saturated pores AN - 1756505716; 2016-007331 AB - Geomechanical analysis needed to treat anisotropic (specifically trigonal symmetry) grains of carbonates jumbled together to form an overall isotropic polycrystalline poroelastic material is summarized. Poroelastic effects enter the problem via fractured anisotropic solids saturated by fluids. Copyright Copyright 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics AU - Berryman, James G Y1 - 2015/10/10/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Oct 10 SP - 1527 EP - 1546 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 39 IS - 14 SN - 0363-9061, 0363-9061 KW - fractured materials KW - density KW - strain KW - saturated materials KW - elastic constants KW - rhodochrosite KW - rock mechanics KW - dolomite KW - mineral composition KW - granular materials KW - sediments KW - confining pressure KW - carbonate sediments KW - elasticity KW - transverse isotropy KW - poroelasticity KW - magnesite KW - mechanical properties KW - calcite KW - shear KW - polycrystalline materials KW - shear modulus KW - carbonates KW - anisotropy KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+for+Numerical+and+Analytical+Methods+in+Geomechanics&rft.atitle=Poroelasticity+of+carbonates+with+fractured+grains+and+fluid-saturated+pores&rft.au=Berryman%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Berryman&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-10-10&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+for+Numerical+and+Analytical+Methods+in+Geomechanics&rft.issn=03639061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fnag.2325 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/3312/home LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; calcite; carbonate sediments; carbonates; confining pressure; density; dolomite; elastic constants; elasticity; fractured materials; granular materials; magnesite; mechanical properties; mineral composition; polycrystalline materials; poroelasticity; rhodochrosite; rock mechanics; saturated materials; sediments; shear; shear modulus; strain; transverse isotropy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.2325 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for characterizing the fate and effects of nano zero valent iron during ground water remediation AN - 1849305643; 2016-108695 AB - The emplacement of nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) for groundwater remediation is usually monitored by common measurements such as pH, total iron content, and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) by potentiometry. However, the interpretation of such measurements can be misleading because of the complex interactions between the target materials (e.g., suspensions of highly reactive and variably aggregated nanoparticles) and aquifer materials (sediments and groundwater), and multiple complications related to sampling and detection methods. This paper reviews current practice for both direct and indirect characterizations of nZVI during groundwater remediation and explores prospects for improving these methods and/or refining the interpretation of these measurements. To support our recommendations, results are presented based on laboratory batch and column studies of nZVI detection using chemical, electrochemical, and geophysical methods. Chemical redox probes appear to be a promising new method for specifically detecting nZVI, based on laboratory tests. The potentiometric and voltammetric detections of iron nanoparticles, using traditional stationary disc electrodes, rotating disc electrodes, and flow-through cell disc electrodes, provide insight for interpreting ORP measurements, which are affected by solution chemistry conditions and the interactions between iron nanoparticles and the electrode surface. The geophysical methods used for characterizing ZVI during groundwater remediation are reviewed and its application for nZVI detection is assessed with results of laboratory column experiments. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Shi, Zhenqing AU - Fan, Dimin AU - Johnson, Richard L AU - Tratnyek, Paul G AU - Nurmi, James T AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Williams, Kenneth H Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 17 EP - 35 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 181 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - aggregate KW - characterization KW - mass spectra KW - suspended materials KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - absorption KW - chemical reactions KW - chemical properties KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - mineral assemblages KW - X-ray photoelectron spectra KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - voltammetry KW - pollutants KW - geophysical methods KW - zero valent iron KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - hydrochemistry KW - TEM data KW - ICP mass spectra KW - organic compounds KW - color KW - microscope methods KW - metals KW - mathematical methods KW - potentiometry KW - nanoparticles KW - SEM data KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849305643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Methods+for+characterizing+the+fate+and+effects+of+nano+zero+valent+iron+during+ground+water+remediation&rft.au=Shi%2C+Zhenqing%3BFan%2C+Dimin%3BJohnson%2C+Richard+L%3BTratnyek%2C+Paul+G%3BNurmi%2C+James+T%3BWu%2C+Yuxin%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Zhenqing&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jconhyd.2015.03.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 94 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; aggregate; characterization; chemical properties; chemical reactions; color; Eh; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; geochemistry; geophysical methods; ground water; hydrochemistry; ICP mass spectra; iron; laboratory studies; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metals; microscope methods; mineral assemblages; nanoparticles; organic compounds; pH; pollutants; pollution; potentiometry; remediation; SEM data; solutes; spectra; suspended materials; TEM data; voltammetry; water pollution; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray photoelectron spectra; zero valent iron DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.03.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prerequisites for density-driven instabilities and convective mixing under broad geological CO (sub 2) storage conditions AN - 1832614514; 760257-13 AB - Direct atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions can be greatly reduced by CO (sub 2) sequestration in deep saline aquifers. One of the most secure and important mechanisms of CO (sub 2) trapping over large time scales is solubility trapping. In addition, the CO (sub 2) dissolution rate is greatly enhanced if density-driven convective mixing occurs. We present a systematic analysis of the prerequisites for density-driven instability and convective mixing over the broad temperature, pressure, salinity and permeability conditions that are found in geological CO (sub 2) storage. The onset of instability (Rayleigh-Darcy number, Ra), the onset time of instability and the steady convective flux are comprehensively calculated using a newly developed analysis tool that accounts for the thermodynamic and salinity dependence on solutally and thermally induced density change, viscosity, molecular and thermal diffusivity. Additionally, the relative influences of field characteristics are analysed through local and global sensitivity analyses. The results help to elucidate the trends of the Ra, onset time of instability and steady convective flux under field conditions. The impacts of storage depth and basin type (geothermal gradient) are also explored and the conditions that favour or hinder enhanced solubility trapping are identified. Contrary to previous studies, we conclude that the geothermal gradient has a non-negligible effect on density-driven instability and convective mixing when considering both direct and indirect thermal effects because cold basin conditions, for instance, render higher Ra compared to warm basin conditions. We also show that the largest Ra is obtained for conditions that correspond to relatively shallow depths, measuring approximately 800 m, indicating that CO (sub 2) storage at such depths favours the onset of density-driven instability and reduces onset times. However, shallow depths do not necessarily provide conditions that generate the largest steady convective fluxes; the salinity determines the storage depth at which the largest steady convective fluxes occur. Furthermore, we present a straight-forward and efficient procedure to estimate site-specific solutal Ra that accounts for thermodynamic and salinity dependence. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Rasmusson, Maria AU - Fagerlund, Fritjof AU - Tsang, Yvonne AU - Rasmusson, Kristina AU - Niemi, Auli Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 136 EP - 151 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 84 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - carbon sequestration KW - density KW - stability KW - porous materials KW - solubility KW - salinity KW - convection KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - sensitivity analysis KW - mixing KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832614514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Prerequisites+for+density-driven+instabilities+and+convective+mixing+under+broad+geological+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+conditions&rft.au=Rasmusson%2C+Maria%3BFagerlund%2C+Fritjof%3BTsang%2C+Yvonne%3BRasmusson%2C+Kristina%3BNiemi%2C+Auli&rft.aulast=Rasmusson&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2015.08.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; convection; density; ground water; mixing; porous materials; salinity; sensitivity analysis; solubility; stability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.08.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the detection of leakage pathways in geological CO (sub 2) storage systems using pressure monitoring data; impact of model parameter uncertainties AN - 1832606477; 760257-11 AB - In this study, we examine the effect of model parameter uncertainties on the feasibility of detecting unknown leakage pathways from CO (sub 2) storage formations via inversion of pressure monitoring data, and discuss the strategies for enhancing detectability and reducing the impact of those uncertainties. We conduct a numerical study of leakage detection, using an idealized storage system consisting of a storage formation and an overlying aquifer separated by a caprock, with an injection well and a leaky well. Our uncertainty quantification analysis shows that (1) the anomalous leakage signals induced by the leaky well can be clearly detected in the overlying aquifer, with minimal impact of model parameter uncertainties, as long as the leaky well permeability is sufficiently large and the caprock permeability is small with the assumed aquifer and caprock thickness; and (2) the pressure monitoring data in the storage formation are not adequate for detecting leakage signals, because the model predictions can be significantly affected by the uncertainties of the model parameters (e.g., permeability and specific storativity of the storage formation and the overlying aquifer). Therefore, we propose an inverse-modeling methodology that combines leakage detection with model recalibration under conditions of model parameter uncertainties. Our results show that the combined leakage detection and model recalibration are most successful when pressure monitoring data from both the storage formation and the overlying aquifer are used, owing to the strong detectability in the overlying aquifer and the strong sensitivity of pressure in the storage formation to model parameters. The proposed methodology also shows that the effect of model uncertainties on leakage detection can be reduced by simultaneously estimating the leakage parameters and the uncertain model parameters, using long-term pressure data under various conditions of permeabilities and locations of the leaky well, and a wide range of uncertainties for the model parameters. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Jung, Yoojin AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Birkholzer, Jens T Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 112 EP - 124 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 84 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - monitoring KW - detection KW - carbon sequestration KW - pressure KW - quantitative analysis KW - risk assessment KW - inverse problem KW - uncertainty KW - seepage KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832606477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=On+the+detection+of+leakage+pathways+in+geological+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+systems+using+pressure+monitoring+data%3B+impact+of+model+parameter+uncertainties&rft.au=Jung%2C+Yoojin%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Yoojin&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2015.08.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon sequestration; detection; inverse problem; monitoring; pressure; quantitative analysis; risk assessment; seepage; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.08.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping the mechanical properties of rocks using automated microindentation tests AN - 1824214569; 2016-084576 AB - A microindentation scanner is constructed that measures the spatial fluctuation in the elastic properties of natural rocks. This novel instrument performs automated indentation tests on the surface of a rock slab and outputs 2-D maps of the indentation modulus at submillimeter resolution. Maps obtained for clean, well-consolidated, sandstone are presented and demonstrate the capabilities of the instrument. We observe that the elastic structure of sandstones correlates well with their visual appearance. Further, we show that the probability distribution of the indentation modulus fluctuations across the slab surfaces can be modeled using a lognormal probability density function. To illustrate possible use of the data obtained with the microindentation scanner, we use roughly 10 cm X 10 cm scans with millimeter resolution over four sandstone planar slabs to numerically compute the overall drained elastic moduli for each sandstone sample. We show that such numerically computed moduli are well modeled using the multicomponent form of the Hashin-Shtrikman lower bound that employs the observed lognormal probability distribution for the mesoscopic-scale moduli (the geometric mean works almost the same). We also compute the seismic attenuation versus frequency associated with wave-induced fluid flow between the heterogeneities in the scanned sandstones and observe relatively small values for the inverse quality factor (Q (super -1) <10 (super -2) ) in the seismic frequency band 10 (super 2) Hz < f < 10 (super 4) Hz. The numerically computed frequency dependence in the attenuation varies from one type of sandstone to another, and we observe significant anisotropy in the attenuation associated with waves propagating in different directions. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Masson, Yder AU - Pride, Steven R Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 7138 EP - 7155 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 120 IS - 10 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - experimental studies KW - elasticity KW - density KW - elastic properties KW - statistical analysis KW - microindentation KW - mechanical properties KW - porosity KW - two-dimensional models KW - rock mechanics KW - automated analysis KW - laboratory studies KW - fluctuations KW - probability KW - heterogeneity KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824214569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Mapping+the+mechanical+properties+of+rocks+using+automated+microindentation+tests&rft.au=Masson%2C+Yder%3BPride%2C+Steven+R&rft.aulast=Masson&rft.aufirst=Yder&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=7138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JB012248 L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-9356/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - automated analysis; density; elastic properties; elasticity; experimental studies; fluctuations; heterogeneity; laboratory studies; mechanical properties; microindentation; porosity; probability; rock mechanics; statistical analysis; two-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012248 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling of cold magmatic CO (sub 2) flux measurements for the exploration of hidden geothermal systems AN - 1824214497; 2016-084562 AB - The most accepted conceptual model to explain surface degassing of cold magmatic CO (sub 2) in volcanic-geothermal systems involves the presence of a gas reservoir. In this study, numerical simulations using the TOUGH2-ECO2N V2.0 package are performed to get quantitative insights into how cold CO (sub 2) soil flux measurements are related to reservoir and fluid properties. Although the modeling is based on flux data measured at a specific geothermal site, the Acoculco caldera (Mexico), some general insights have been gained. Both the CO (sub 2) fluxes at the surface and the depth at which CO (sub 2) exsolves are highly sensitive to the dissolved CO (sub 2) content of the deep fluid. If CO (sub 2) mainly exsolves above the reservoir within a fracture zone, the surface CO (sub 2) fluxes are not sensitive to the reservoir size but depend on the CO (sub 2) dissolved content and the rock permeability. For gas exsolution below the top of the reservoir, surface CO (sub 2) fluxes also depend on the gas saturation of the deep fluid as well as the reservoir size. The absence of thermal anomalies at the surface is mainly a consequence of the low enthalpy of CO (sub 2) . The heat carried by CO (sub 2) is efficiently cooled down by heat conduction and to a certain extent by isoenthalpic volume expansion depending on the temperature gradient. Thermal anomalies occur at higher CO (sub 2) fluxes (>37,000 g m (super -2) d (super -1) ) when the heat flux of the rising CO (sub 2) is not balanced anymore. Finally, specific results are obtained for the Acoculco area (reservoir depth, CO (sub 2) dissolved content, and gas saturation state). Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Peiffer, Loic AU - Wanner, Christoph AU - Pan, Lehua Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 6856 EP - 6877 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 120 IS - 10 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - numerical models KW - TOUGH2-ECO2N KW - magmatism KW - data processing KW - Acoculco Caldera KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - exploration KW - carbon dioxide KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - geothermal fields KW - fluctuations KW - Mexico KW - geothermal systems KW - theoretical models KW - degassing KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824214497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+of+cold+magmatic+CO+%28sub+2%29+flux+measurements+for+the+exploration+of+hidden+geothermal+systems&rft.au=Peiffer%2C+Loic%3BWanner%2C+Christoph%3BPan%2C+Lehua&rft.aulast=Peiffer&rft.aufirst=Loic&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=6856&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015JB012258 L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-9356/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acoculco Caldera; carbon dioxide; computer programs; data processing; degassing; exploration; fluctuations; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; hydrothermal conditions; magmatism; Mexico; numerical models; reservoir rocks; simulation; theoretical models; TOUGH2-ECO2N DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012258 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Riverbed clogging associated with a California riverbank filtration system; an assessment of mechanisms and monitoring approaches AN - 1780802180; 2016-032356 AB - An experimental field study was performed to investigate riverbed clogging processes and associated monitoring approaches near a dam-controlled riverbank filtration facility in Northern California. Motivated by previous studies at the site that indicated riverbed clogging plays an important role in the performance of the riverbank filtration system, we investigated the spatiotemporal variability and nature of the clogging. In particular, we investigated whether the clogging was due to abiotic or biotic mechanisms. A secondary aspect of the study was the testing of different methods to monitor riverbed clogging and related processes, such as seepage. Monitoring was conducted using both point-based approaches and spatially extensive geophysical approaches, including: grain-size analysis, temperature sensing, electrical resistivity tomography, seepage meters, microbial analysis, and cryocoring, along two transects. The point monitoring measurements suggested a substantial increase in riverbed biomass (2 orders of magnitude) after the dam was raised compared to the small increase ( approximately 2%) in fine-grained sediment. These changes were concomitant with decreased seepage. The decreased seepage eventually led to the development of an unsaturated zone beneath the riverbed, which further decreased infiltration capacity. Comparison of our time-lapse grain-size and biomass datasets suggested that biotic processes played a greater role in clogging than did abiotic processes. Cryocoring and autonomous temperature loggers were most useful for locally monitoring clogging agents, while electrical resistivity data were useful for interpreting the spatial extent of a pumping-induced unsaturated zone that developed beneath the riverbed after riverbed clogging was initiated. The improved understanding of spatiotemporally variable riverbed clogging and monitoring approaches is expected to be useful for optimizing the riverbank filtration system operations. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Florsheim, Joan AU - Rosenberry, Donald AU - Borglin, Sharon AU - Trotta, Marcus AU - Seymour, Donald Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 1740 EP - 1753 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 529 IS - Part 3 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - geophysical surveys KW - data processing KW - Russian River KW - seepage KW - statistical distribution KW - ground water KW - California KW - river banks KW - dams KW - sedimentology KW - Sonoma County California KW - discharge KW - Northern California KW - granulometry KW - monitoring KW - reservoirs KW - biochemistry KW - thermal circulation KW - surface water KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - resistivity KW - infiltration KW - mathematical methods KW - surveys KW - permeability KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Riverbed+clogging+associated+with+a+California+riverbank+filtration+system%3B+an+assessment+of+mechanisms+and+monitoring+approaches&rft.au=Ulrich%2C+Craig%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BFlorsheim%2C+Joan%3BRosenberry%2C+Donald%3BBorglin%2C+Sharon%3BTrotta%2C+Marcus%3BSeymour%2C+Donald&rft.aulast=Ulrich&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=529&rft.issue=Part+3&rft.spage=1740&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2015.08.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 91 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; California; dams; data processing; discharge; electrical methods; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; granulometry; ground water; infiltration; mathematical methods; microorganisms; monitoring; Northern California; permeability; reservoirs; resistivity; river banks; Russian River; sedimentology; seepage; Sonoma County California; statistical distribution; surface water; surveys; thermal circulation; tomography; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.08.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An ontology to represent energy-related occupant behavior in buildings. Part I: Introduction to the DNAs framework AN - 1778019785; PQ0002314001 AB - Reducing energy consumption in the buildings sector requires significant changes, but technology alone may fail to guarantee efficient energy performance. Human behavior plays a pivotal role in building design, operation, management and retrofit, and is a crucial positive factor for improving the indoor environment, while reducing energy use at low cost. Over the past 40 years, a substantial body of literature has explored the impacts of human behavior on building technologies and operation. Often, need-action-event cognitive theoretical frameworks were used to represent human-machine interactions. In Part I of this paper, a review of more than 130 published behavioral studies and frameworks was conducted. A large variety of data-driven behavioral models have been developed based on field monitoring of the human-building-system interaction. Studies have emerged scattered geographically around the world that lack in standardization and consistency, thus leading to difficulties when comparing one with another. To address this problem, an ontology to represent energy-related occupant behavior in buildings is presented. Accordingly, the technical DNAs framework is developed based on four key components: i) the Drivers of behavior, ii) the Needs of the occupants, iii) the Actions carried out by the occupants, and iv) the building systems acted upon by the occupants. This DNAs framework is envisioned to support the international research community to standardize a systematic representation of energy-related occupant behavior in buildings. Part II of this paper further develops the DNAs framework as an XML (eXtensible Markup Language) schema, obXML, for exchange of occupant information modeling and integration with building simulation tools. JF - Building and Environment AU - Hong, Tianzhen AU - D'Oca, Simona AU - Turner, William JN AU - Taylor-Lange, Sarah C AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 764 EP - 777 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 92 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Occupant behavior KW - Building energy KW - Ontology KW - Human-building-system interaction KW - Simulation KW - Modeling KW - Human behavior KW - Design of buildings KW - Extensible Markup Language KW - Deoxyribonucleic acid KW - XML KW - Energy consumption KW - Buildings KW - Knowledge representation KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1778019785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=An+ontology+to+represent+energy-related+occupant+behavior+in+buildings.+Part+I%3A+Introduction+to+the+DNAs+framework&rft.au=Hong%2C+Tianzhen%3BD%27Oca%2C+Simona%3BTurner%2C+William+JN%3BTaylor-Lange%2C+Sarah+C&rft.aulast=Hong&rft.aufirst=Tianzhen&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=&rft.spage=764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2015.02.019 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.02.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A study of changes in deep fractured rock permeability due to coupled hydro-mechanical effects AN - 1734265830; 2015-109895 AB - This paper presents a numerical study of the hydro-mechanical behaviour of a fractured rock domain at 1000 m depth below the land surface as a function of different levels of fluid pore pressure. A 2D fractured rock domain is adopted based on data obtained from outcrop mapping, displaying multiple fracture sets, fracture intersections, dead-end and curved fractures. A continuum based numerical model is used to evaluate the effects of compressive boundary stresses, cracking by tension failure in the intact rock and fractures and shear displacement along fractures on its equivalent permeability. Two in situ stress boundary conditions are considered: an isotropic case SR1 with the two horizontal boundary compressive stresses having the same magnitude, and an anisotropic case SR2 with the ratio between these compressive stress components set to be 2. In the SR2 case, changes in the local stress and stress ratio distributions due to different fluid pore pressure levels are anisotropic and more significant than in the SR1 case, because of tension failures in the intact rock forming bridges between fractures. These failure regions opened new flow connections between fractures and thereby caused important anisotropic changes in the flow paths, and significant decrease in local gradients of fluid pore pressure. The equivalent permeability increases sharply when the fluid pore pressure is approximately 90% of the magnitude of the minimum stress at the boundaries of the fractured rock domain. Results show that the equivalent permeability of the fractured rock domain is most sensitive to the fractures normal stiffness, the permeability of the tension failure regions and the power-law exponent for permeability change. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Figueiredo, Bruno AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Niemi, Auli Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 70 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 79 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - rock masses KW - fractured materials KW - hydraulics KW - numerical models KW - shear stress KW - loading KW - finite difference analysis KW - elastic properties KW - stress KW - stiffness KW - mechanical properties KW - tensile strength KW - fluid dynamics KW - porosity KW - rock mechanics KW - pore pressure KW - dilation KW - permeability KW - anisotropy KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734265830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=A+study+of+changes+in+deep+fractured+rock+permeability+due+to+coupled+hydro-mechanical+effects&rft.au=Figueiredo%2C+Bruno%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BNiemi%2C+Auli&rft.aulast=Figueiredo&rft.aufirst=Bruno&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2015.08.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anisotropy; dilation; elastic properties; finite difference analysis; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; hydraulics; loading; mechanical properties; numerical models; permeability; pore pressure; porosity; rock masses; rock mechanics; shear stress; stiffness; stress; tensile strength DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2015.08.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental determination of the reactivity of the Frio Sandstone, Texas, and the fate of heavy metals resulting from carbon dioxide sequestration AN - 1732832534; PQ0002074633 AB - Experiments were carried out at 100 bar pressure and 60 or 150 degree C in 0.7 m NaCl brine to characterize the reactivity of two Frio quartzofeldspathic sandstone compositions and to elucidate the fate of metals (Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in subsurface reservoirs targeted for carbon dioxide sequestration and storage. The solutions were either acidic (pH ~3) or near-neutral (pH ~8). In the former, acidity resulted from saturation with carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) or by addition of HCl, and in the latter, the pH was attained by addition of NaHCO sub(3). A pair of experiments was conducted without CO sub(2) to trace the behavior of four dissolved metals (Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn) in circum-neutral solutions. The experiments were conducted in rocking autoclave reactors up to 67 days' time with solutions drawn periodically. Solution analyses indicated modest release of major elements from the starting materials to solution, even at 150 degree C. Geochemical modeling indicated supersaturation of the solutions with respect to a variety of Fe- and Mn-bearing phases. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses of the powders both before and after experiments showed evidence for minor dissolution of alkali feldspar, quartz, plagioclase and clay minerals. No evidence for precipitated carbonate phases was found in the CO sub(2)-bearing experiments. In general, the concentrations of the metals were below their respective maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) by the end of the experiment, except for Ba, and for Cr and Pb in the experiment in which near-neutral conditions were imposed from the beginning. The data are consistent with metal removal from solution as the pH changes from acidic to neutral and SEM results identified Fe-oxides and sulfides as the likely sinks for Cu, Cr and Zn. The data indicate that even under extreme conditions the likelihood of metal concentrations in drinking water exceeding MCLs through accidental mixing with CO sub(2)-bearing solution is very low. JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Icenhower, Jonathan P AU - Saldi, Giuseppe D AU - Daval, Damien AU - Knauss, Kevin G AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, jpicenh@sandia.gov Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 5501 EP - 5516 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 74 IS - 7 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Clay KW - Sandstone KW - Sulfides KW - Copper KW - Lead KW - ASW, USA, Texas KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Metal concentrations KW - Zinc KW - Drinking water KW - Acidity KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Reservoirs KW - pH KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732832534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Experimental+determination+of+the+reactivity+of+the+Frio+Sandstone%2C+Texas%2C+and+the+fate+of+heavy+metals+resulting+from+carbon+dioxide+sequestration&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+Jonathan+P%3BSaldi%2C+Giuseppe+D%3BDaval%2C+Damien%3BKnauss%2C+Kevin+G&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=5501&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-015-4560-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Clay; Sandstone; Sulfides; Copper; Lead; Carbon sequestration; Metal concentrations; Zinc; Carbon dioxide; Acidity; Drinking water; Reservoirs; pH; ASW, USA, Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4560-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioinformatic analysis of the distribution of inorganic carbon transporters and prospective targets for bioengineering to increase C sub(i) uptake by cyanobacteria AN - 1727700009; PQ0002079260 AB - (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae and/or non-USASCII text omitted; see image).Cyanobacteria have evolved a carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM) which has enabled them to inhabit diverse environments encompassing a range of inorganic carbon (C sub(i): ... and CO sub(2)) concentrations. Several uptake systems facilitate inorganic carbon accumulation in the cell, which can in turn be fixed by ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. Here we survey the distribution of genes encoding known C sub(i) uptake systems in cyanobacterial genomes and, using a pfam- and gene context-based approach, identify in the marine (alpha) cyanobacteria a heretofore unrecognized number of putative counterparts to the well-known C sub(i) transporters of beta cyanobacteria. In addition, our analysis shows that there is a huge repertoire of transport systems in cyanobacteria of unknown function, many with homology to characterized C sub(i) transporters. These can be viewed as prospective targets for conversion into ancillary C sub(i) transporters through bioengineering. Increasing intracellular C sub(i) concentration coupled with efforts to increase carbon fixation will be beneficial for the downstream conversion of fixed carbon into value-added products including biofuels. In addition to CCM transporter homologs, we also survey the occurrence of rhodopsin homologs in cyanobacteria, including bacteriorhodopsin, a class of retinal-binding, light-activated proton pumps. Because they are light driven and because of the apparent ease of altering their ion selectivity, we use this as an example of re-purposing an endogenous transporter for the augmentation of C sub(i) uptake by cyanobacteria and potentially chloroplasts. JF - Photosynthesis Research AU - Gaudana, Sandeep B AU - Zarzycki, Jan AU - Moparthi, Vamsi K AU - Kerfeld, Cheryl A AD - DOE Plant Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA, ckerfeld@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 99 EP - 109 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 126 IS - 1 SN - 0166-8595, 0166-8595 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Genomes KW - Photosynthesis KW - Protons KW - Chloroplasts KW - Light effects KW - Cyanobacteria KW - Carbon KW - Bacteriorhodopsin KW - Rhodopsin KW - Homology KW - Bioinformatics KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Oxygenase KW - Biofuels KW - Carbon fixation KW - W 30940:Products KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1727700009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photosynthesis+Research&rft.atitle=Bioinformatic+analysis+of+the+distribution+of+inorganic+carbon+transporters+and+prospective+targets+for+bioengineering+to+increase+C+sub%28i%29+uptake+by+cyanobacteria&rft.au=Gaudana%2C+Sandeep+B%3BZarzycki%2C+Jan%3BMoparthi%2C+Vamsi+K%3BKerfeld%2C+Cheryl+A&rft.aulast=Gaudana&rft.aufirst=Sandeep&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photosynthesis+Research&rft.issn=01668595&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11120-014-0059-8 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Photosynthesis; Protons; Chloroplasts; Light effects; Carbon; Homology; Rhodopsin; Bacteriorhodopsin; Bioinformatics; Carbon dioxide; Oxygenase; Biofuels; Carbon fixation; Cyanobacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11120-014-0059-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accelerated (48)Ti Ions Induce Autosomal Mutations in Mouse Kidney Epithelium at Low Dose and Fluence. AN - 1722928812; 26397174 AB - Exposure to high-energy charged particles (HZE ions) at low fluence could significantly affect astronaut health after prolonged missions in deep space by inducing mutations and related cancers. We tested the hypothesis that the mutagenic effects of HZE ions could be detected at low fluence in a mouse model that detects autosomal mutations in vivo. Aprt heterozygous mice were exposed to 0.2, 0.4 and 1.4 Gy of densely ionizing (48)Ti ions (1 GeV/amu, LET = 107 keV/μm). We observed a dose-dependent increase in the Aprt mutant fraction in kidney epithelium at the two lowest doses (an average of 1 or 2 particles/cell nucleus) that plateaued at the highest dose (7 particles/cell nucleus). Mutant cells were expanded to determine mutation spectra and translocations affecting chromosome 8, which encodes Aprt. A PCR-based analysis for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) events on chromosome 8 demonstrated a significant shift in the mutational spectrum from Ti ion exposure, even at low fluence, by revealing "radiation signature" mutations in mutant cells from exposed mice. Likewise, a cytogenetic assay for nonreciprocal chromosome 8 translocations showed an effect of exposure. A genome-wide LOH assay for events affecting nonselected chromosomes also showed an effect of exposure even for the lowest dose tested. Considered in their entirety, these results show that accelerated (48)Ti ions induce large mutations affecting one or more chromosomes at low dose and fluence. JF - Radiation research AU - Hryciw, Gwen AU - Grygoryev, Dmytro AU - Lasarev, Michael AU - Ohlrich, Anna AU - Dan, Cristian AU - Madhira, Ravi AU - Eckelmann, Bradley AU - Gauny, Stacey AU - Kronenberg, Amy AU - Turker, Mitchell S AD - a  Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences and. ; c  Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720. Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 367 EP - 377 VL - 184 IS - 4 KW - Radioisotopes KW - 0 KW - Titanium KW - D1JT611TNE KW - Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase KW - EC 2.4.2.7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Loss of Heterozygosity KW - Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase -- genetics KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Epithelium -- radiation effects KW - Translocation, Genetic KW - Kidney -- radiation effects KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722928812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Accelerated+%2848%29Ti+Ions+Induce+Autosomal+Mutations+in+Mouse+Kidney+Epithelium+at+Low+Dose+and+Fluence.&rft.au=Hryciw%2C+Gwen%3BGrygoryev%2C+Dmytro%3BLasarev%2C+Michael%3BOhlrich%2C+Anna%3BDan%2C+Cristian%3BMadhira%2C+Ravi%3BEckelmann%2C+Bradley%3BGauny%2C+Stacey%3BKronenberg%2C+Amy%3BTurker%2C+Mitchell+S&rft.aulast=Hryciw&rft.aufirst=Gwen&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=184&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=1938-5404&rft_id=info:doi/10.1667%2FRR14130.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-01-19 N1 - Date created - 2015-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR14130.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assay for lignin breakdown based on lignin films: insights into the Fenton reaction with insoluble lignin AN - 1722179841; PQ0002114258 AB - We report a new assay for breakdown of high molecular weight, insoluble lignin based on lignin films. In this method, decrease in film thickness is detected upon solubilization of mass through either chemical alteration of the lignin or molecular weight reduction. The assay was performed with organosolv lignin, the only chemical modification being an oxidative pretreatment to provide film stability with respect to dissolution. The assay is sensitive to release of as little as 20 Aa of material from the film. A multiplexed format was developed using a silicone block in the form of a standard 96-well plate, allowing simultaneous assaying of a large number of reaction conditions. The assay was demonstrated using the Fenton reaction, revealing new insights into the physicochemical aspects of this reaction system with insoluble lignin. In particular, mass solubilized from the film was found to pass through a maximum as a function of the initial concentration of FeCl sub(2) ([FeCl sub(2)] sub(o)), with the maximum occurring at [FeCl sub(2)] sub(o) = 1 mM for [H sub(2)O sub(2)] sub(o) = 5%. At that condition, solubilization of mass occurs in two stages. The reaction produces mostly ring-opened products of mass greater than 700 g mol super(-1), along with a minority of low molecular weight aromatics. The new insight from this work is an important step toward optimizing this complex reaction system for effective lignin breakdown. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Kent, Michael S AU - Avina, Isaac C AU - Rader, Nadeya AU - Busse, Michael L AU - George, Anthe AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Baidoo, Edward AU - Timlin, Jerilyn AU - Giron, Nicholas H AU - Celina, Mathias C AU - Martin, Laura E AU - Polsky, Ronen AU - Chavez, Victor H AU - Huber, Dale L AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Sale, Kenneth L AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute; Emeryville; CA 94608; USA; , mskent@sandia.gov Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 4830 EP - 4845 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 17 IS - 10 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Silicones KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Green development KW - Assays KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722179841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Assay+for+lignin+breakdown+based+on+lignin+films%3A+insights+into+the+Fenton+reaction+with+insoluble+lignin&rft.au=Kent%2C+Michael+S%3BAvina%2C+Isaac+C%3BRader%2C+Nadeya%3BBusse%2C+Michael+L%3BGeorge%2C+Anthe%3BSathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward%3BTimlin%2C+Jerilyn%3BGiron%2C+Nicholas+H%3BCelina%2C+Mathias+C%3BMartin%2C+Laura+E%3BPolsky%2C+Ronen%3BChavez%2C+Victor+H%3BHuber%2C+Dale+L%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSale%2C+Kenneth+L&rft.aulast=Kent&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4830&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5gc01083g LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 86 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silicones; Green development; Physicochemical properties; Assays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc01083g ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transposon Mutagenesis Paired with Deep Sequencing of Caulobacter crescentus under Uranium Stress Reveals Genes Essential for Detoxification and Stress Tolerance. AN - 1709397024; 26195598 AB - UNLABELLEDThe ubiquitous aquatic bacterium Caulobacter crescentus is highly resistant to uranium (U) and facilitates U biomineralization and thus holds promise as an agent of U bioremediation. To gain an understanding of how C. crescentus tolerates U, we employed transposon (Tn) mutagenesis paired with deep sequencing (Tn-seq) in a global screen for genomic elements required for U resistance. Of the 3,879 annotated genes in the C. crescentus genome, 37 were found to be specifically associated with fitness under U stress, 15 of which were subsequently tested through mutational analysis. Systematic deletion analysis revealed that mutants lacking outer membrane transporters (rsaFa and rsaFb), a stress-responsive transcription factor (cztR), or a ppGpp synthetase/hydrolase (spoT) exhibited a significantly lower survival rate under U stress. RsaFa and RsaFb, which are homologues of TolC in Escherichia coli, have previously been shown to mediate S-layer export. Transcriptional analysis revealed upregulation of rsaFa and rsaFb by 4- and 10-fold, respectively, in the presence of U. We additionally show that rsaFa mutants accumulated higher levels of U than the wild type, with no significant increase in oxidative stress levels. Our results suggest a function for RsaFa and RsaFb in U efflux and/or maintenance of membrane integrity during U stress. In addition, we present data implicating CztR and SpoT in resistance to U stress. Together, our findings reveal novel gene targets that are key to understanding the molecular mechanisms of U resistance in C. crescentus.IMPORTANCECaulobacter crescentus is an aerobic bacterium that is highly resistant to uranium (U) and has great potential to be used in U bioremediation, but its mechanisms of U resistance are poorly understood. We conducted a Tn-seq screen to identify genes specifically required for U resistance in C. crescentus. The genes that we identified have previously remained elusive using other omics approaches and thus provide significant insight into the mechanisms of U resistance by C. crescentus. In particular, we show that outer membrane transporters RsaFa and RsaFb, previously known as part of the S-layer export machinery, may confer U resistance by U efflux and/or by maintaining membrane integrity during U stress. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Yung, Mimi C AU - Park, Dan M AU - Overton, K Wesley AU - Blow, Matthew J AU - Hoover, Cindi A AU - Smit, John AU - Murray, Sean R AU - Ricci, Dante P AU - Christen, Beat AU - Bowman, Grant R AU - Jiao, Yongqin AD - Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA. ; DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. ; Department of Biology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California, USA. ; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. ; Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. ; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA. ; Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA jiao1@llnl.gov. Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 3160 EP - 3172 VL - 197 IS - 19 KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins KW - 0 KW - DNA Transposable Elements KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - Uranium KW - 4OC371KSTK KW - Index Medicus KW - Genome, Bacterial KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial -- physiology KW - Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - Transcriptome KW - Mutagenesis KW - Caulobacter crescentus -- genetics KW - Stress, Physiological -- drug effects KW - Caulobacter crescentus -- metabolism KW - DNA Transposable Elements -- genetics KW - Uranium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709397024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Transposon+Mutagenesis+Paired+with+Deep+Sequencing+of+Caulobacter+crescentus+under+Uranium+Stress+Reveals+Genes+Essential+for+Detoxification+and+Stress+Tolerance.&rft.au=Yung%2C+Mimi+C%3BPark%2C+Dan+M%3BOverton%2C+K+Wesley%3BBlow%2C+Matthew+J%3BHoover%2C+Cindi+A%3BSmit%2C+John%3BMurray%2C+Sean+R%3BRicci%2C+Dante+P%3BChristen%2C+Beat%3BBowman%2C+Grant+R%3BJiao%2C+Yongqin&rft.aulast=Yung&rft.aufirst=Mimi&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=1098-5530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.00382-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-29 N1 - Date created - 2015-09-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Microbiol. 2011 May;80(3):695-714 [21338423] Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Jul;41(Web Server issue):W29-33 [23609542] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Sep 13;108(37):15248-52 [21896750] PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e89863 [24587082] Mol Microbiol. 2014 Feb;91(3):508-21 [24330203] J Proteome Res. 2014 Apr 4;13(4):1833-47 [24555639] Ecotoxicology. 2014 May;23(4):726-33 [24510447] Bioinformatics. 2014 Aug 1;30(15):2114-20 [24695404] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Aug;80(16):4795-804 [24878600] MBio. 2014;5(4). pii: e01385-14. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01385-14 [25139902] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Sep;80(18):5680-8 [25002429] PLoS One. 2014;9(8):e102447 [25157416] Mol Microbiol. 2014 Sep;93(6):1284-301 [25069588] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014 Oct;58(10):6165-71 [25114134] PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Oct;8(10):e3216 [25340818] Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015 Apr;28(2):337-418 [25788514] Environ Microbiol. 2015 Jun;17(6):2064-75 [25580878] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Mar 27;98(7):4136-41 [11259647] ScientificWorldJournal. 2002 Mar 15;2:707-29 [12805996] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2003 Jun;27(2-3):313-39 [12829273] Annu Rev Biochem. 2004;73:467-89 [15189150] Gene. 1987;57(2-3):239-46 [3319780] Methods Enzymol. 1991;204:372-84 [1658564] J Bacteriol. 1994 Oct;176(20):6404-6 [7929014] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Feb 6;93(3):1210-4 [8577742] J Bacteriol. 1998 Jun;180(12):3062-9 [9620954] Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1999 Jun;51(6):730-50 [10422221] J Bacteriol. 2004 Dec;186(23):8000-9 [15547272] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Sep;71(9):5532-43 [16151146] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2005 Oct 15;251(2):289-95 [16168577] PLoS Biol. 2005 Oct;3(10):e334 [16176121] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Nov;71(11):7453-60 [16269787] Mol Syst Biol. 2011;7:528 [21878915] Trends Microbiol. 2006 Jan;14(1):45-54 [16343907] PLoS Biol. 2006 Sep;4(9):e268 [16875436] BMC Microbiol. 2007;7:16 [17346345] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Dec;73(23):7615-21 [17905881] Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2008 Feb;9(1):9-15 [18289052] J Bacteriol. 2008 Oct;190(20):6867-80 [18723629] Plant Physiol Biochem. 2008 Nov;46(11):987-96 [18640846] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2008 Dec;6(12):893-903 [18997824] Bioinformatics. 2009 Jul 15;25(14):1754-60 [19451168] Nat Methods. 2009 Oct;6(10):767-72 [19767758] Microbiology. 2010 Mar;156(Pt 3):609-43 [20019082] BMC Biol. 2010;8:49 [20409324] Mol Microbiol. 2010 Aug;77(3):743-54 [20545840] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2010 Oct;311(2):185-92 [20735480] J Bacteriol. 2010 Oct;192(20):5480-8 [20709896] Res Microbiol. 2010 Nov;161(9):765-71 [20863883] MBio. 2011;2(1):e00315-10 [21253457] J Hazard Mater. 2011 Dec 15;197:1-10 [22019055] PLoS Genet. 2011 Nov;7(11):e1002385 [22125499] J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2012;47(4):622-37 [22375546] PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43012 [22900082] Nat Methods. 2012 Jul;9(7):671-5 [22930834] Arch Microbiol. 2012 Oct;194(10):865-77 [22588222] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Oct 9;109(41):16702-7 [23010932] Genome Res. 2012 Dec;22(12):2541-51 [22826510] PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e51783 [23251623] J Bacteriol. 2013 Mar;195(5):1042-50 [23264577] BMC Microbiol. 2013;13:79 [23578014] J Bacteriol. 2005 Dec;187(24):8437-49 [16321948] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00382-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal lignan exposures, pregnancy urine estrogen profiles and birth outcomes. AN - 1705734588; 26093977 AB - During pregnancy, human exposure to endogenous estrogens and xenoestrogens (such as lignans) may comprehensively impact the gestational maintenance and fetal growth. We measured the concentrations of 5 lignans and the profile of 13 estrogen metabolites (EMs) in the urine samples of 328 pregnant women and examined their associations with birth outcomes. We found significantly positive associations between gestational age and urinary matairesinol (MAT), enterodiol (END) and enterolactone (ENL), as well as 16-hydroxylation pathway EMs. There were consistently positive relationships between END and the 16-hydroxylation pathway EMs. The positive relationships of MAT, END and ENL exposures with the length of gestation were mainly in the low exposure strata of the levels of these EMs. This study reveals that MAT, END and ENL as well as 16-hydroxylation pathway EMs are associated with birth outcomes, and that there are interactive relationships between lignans and 16-hydroxylation pathway EMs with birth outcomes. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Tang, Rong AU - Chen, Minjian AU - Zhou, Kun AU - Chen, Daozhen AU - Yu, Jing AU - Hu, Weiyue AU - Song, Ling AU - Hang, Bo AU - Wang, Xinru AU - Xia, Yankai AD - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. ; Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China. ; Department of Hygienic Analysis and Detection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. ; Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States. ; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. Electronic address: yankaixia@njmu.edu.cn. Y1 - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DA - October 2015 SP - 261 EP - 268 VL - 205 KW - Lignans KW - 0 KW - Phytoestrogens KW - Index Medicus KW - Length of gestation KW - Birth outcomes KW - Estrogen profiles KW - Young Adult KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Birth Weight -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - Pregnancy KW - Lignans -- pharmacology KW - Phytoestrogens -- pharmacology KW - Lignans -- urine KW - Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Lignans -- chemistry KW - Phytoestrogens -- urine KW - Phytoestrogens -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705734588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Prenatal+lignan+exposures%2C+pregnancy+urine+estrogen+profiles+and+birth+outcomes.&rft.au=Tang%2C+Rong%3BChen%2C+Minjian%3BZhou%2C+Kun%3BChen%2C+Daozhen%3BYu%2C+Jing%3BHu%2C+Weiyue%3BSong%2C+Ling%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BWang%2C+Xinru%3BXia%2C+Yankai&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=Rong&rft.date=2015-10-01&rft.volume=205&rft.issue=&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=1873-6424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envpol.2015.06.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-03-21 N1 - Date created - 2015-08-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.06.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Streamlined Construction of the Cyanobacterial CO2-Fixing Organelle via Protein Domain Fusions for Use in Plant Synthetic Biology AN - 1808619006; PQ0003422345 AB - A strategy for the design of novel enzymatic cores for bacterial microcompartments was devised and tested in cyanobacteria, which have potential uses as metabolic modules in plants. Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are self-assembling organelles that sequester segments of biochemical pathways within a protein shell. Given their functional diversity, BMCs constitute a rich source of metabolic modules for applications in synthetic biology. The carboxysome, the cyanobacterial BMC for CO2 fixation, has attracted significant attention as a target for installation into chloroplasts and serves as the foundation for introducing other types of BMCs into plants. Carboxysome assembly involves a series of protein-protein interactions among at least six gene products to form a metabolic core, around which the shell assembles. This complexity creates significant challenges for the transfer, regulation, and assembly of carboxysomes, or any of the myriad of functionally distinct BMCs, into heterologous systems. To overcome this bottleneck, we constructed a chimeric protein in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus that structurally and functionally replaces four gene products required for carboxysome formation. The protein was designed based on protein domain interactions in the carboxysome core. The resulting streamlined carboxysomes support photosynthesis. This strategy obviates the need to regulate multiple genes and decreases the genetic load required for carboxysome assembly in heterologous systems. More broadly, the reengineered carboxysomes represent a proof of concept for a domain fusion approach to building multifunctional enzymatic cores that should be generally applicable to the engineering of BMCs for new functions and cellular contexts. JF - Plant Cell AU - Gonzalez-Esquer, CRaul AU - Shubitowski, Tyler B AU - Kerfeld, Cheryl A AD - MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, ckerfeld@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/09/28/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 28 SP - 2637 EP - 2644 PB - American Society of Plant Biologists, 15501 Monona Dr. Rockville MD 20855-2768 United States VL - 27 IS - 9 SN - 1040-4651, 1040-4651 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Photosynthesis KW - six gene KW - Construction KW - Synechococcus elongatus KW - Chloroplasts KW - Cyanobacteria KW - Genetic load KW - Bone mineral content KW - Shells KW - Fusion protein KW - Organelles KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Protein interaction KW - W 30940:Products KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808619006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Cell&rft.atitle=Streamlined+Construction+of+the+Cyanobacterial+CO2-Fixing+Organelle+via+Protein+Domain+Fusions+for+Use+in+Plant+Synthetic+Biology&rft.au=Gonzalez-Esquer%2C+CRaul%3BShubitowski%2C+Tyler+B%3BKerfeld%2C+Cheryl+A&rft.aulast=Gonzalez-Esquer&rft.aufirst=CRaul&rft.date=2015-09-28&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Cell&rft.issn=10404651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1105%2Ftpc.15.00329 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - six gene; Photosynthesis; Construction; Genetic load; Bone mineral content; Chloroplasts; Fusion protein; Shells; Carbon dioxide; Organelles; Protein interaction; Cyanobacteria; Synechococcus elongatus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.15.00329 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure of the toxic core of α-synuclein from invisible crystals. AN - 1716932480; 26352473 AB - The protein α-synuclein is the main component of Lewy bodies, the neuron-associated aggregates seen in Parkinson disease and other neurodegenerative pathologies. An 11-residue segment, which we term NACore, appears to be responsible for amyloid formation and cytotoxicity of human α-synuclein. Here we describe crystals of NACore that have dimensions smaller than the wavelength of visible light and thus are invisible by optical microscopy. As the crystals are thousands of times too small for structure determination by synchrotron X-ray diffraction, we use micro-electron diffraction to determine the structure at atomic resolution. The 1.4 Å resolution structure demonstrates that this method can determine previously unknown protein structures and here yields, to our knowledge, the highest resolution achieved by any cryo-electron microscopy method to date. The structure exhibits protofibrils built of pairs of face-to-face β-sheets. X-ray fibre diffraction patterns show the similarity of NACore to toxic fibrils of full-length α-synuclein. The NACore structure, together with that of a second segment, inspires a model for most of the ordered portion of the toxic, full-length α-synuclein fibril, presenting opportunities for the design of inhibitors of α-synuclein fibrils. JF - Nature AU - Rodriguez, Jose A AU - Ivanova, Magdalena I AU - Sawaya, Michael R AU - Cascio, Duilio AU - Reyes, Francis E AU - Shi, Dan AU - Sangwan, Smriti AU - Guenther, Elizabeth L AU - Johnson, Lisa M AU - Zhang, Meng AU - Jiang, Lin AU - Arbing, Mark A AU - Nannenga, Brent L AU - Hattne, Johan AU - Whitelegge, Julian AU - Brewster, Aaron S AU - Messerschmidt, Marc AU - Boutet, Sébastien AU - Sauter, Nicholas K AU - Gonen, Tamir AU - Eisenberg, David S AD - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA-DOE Institute, Departments of Biological Chemistry and Chemistry and Biochemistry, Box 951570, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1570, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA. ; Box 42, NPI-Semel Institute, 760 Westwood Plaza, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA. ; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA. Y1 - 2015/09/24/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 24 SP - 486 EP - 490 VL - 525 IS - 7570 KW - Amyloid KW - 0 KW - SNCA protein, human KW - alpha-Synuclein KW - Index Medicus KW - Lewy Bodies -- chemistry KW - Scattering, Radiation KW - Electrons KW - Parkinson Disease KW - Models, Molecular KW - Humans KW - Amyloid -- chemistry KW - Cryoelectron Microscopy KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - alpha-Synuclein -- chemistry KW - alpha-Synuclein -- toxicity KW - Nanoparticles -- toxicity KW - Nanoparticles -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1716932480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Structure+of+the+toxic+core+of+%CE%B1-synuclein+from+invisible+crystals.&rft.au=Rodriguez%2C+Jose+A%3BIvanova%2C+Magdalena+I%3BSawaya%2C+Michael+R%3BCascio%2C+Duilio%3BReyes%2C+Francis+E%3BShi%2C+Dan%3BSangwan%2C+Smriti%3BGuenther%2C+Elizabeth+L%3BJohnson%2C+Lisa+M%3BZhang%2C+Meng%3BJiang%2C+Lin%3BArbing%2C+Mark+A%3BNannenga%2C+Brent+L%3BHattne%2C+Johan%3BWhitelegge%2C+Julian%3BBrewster%2C+Aaron+S%3BMesserschmidt%2C+Marc%3BBoutet%2C+S%C3%A9bastien%3BSauter%2C+Nicholas+K%3BGonen%2C+Tamir%3BEisenberg%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft.date=2015-09-24&rft.volume=525&rft.issue=7570&rft.spage=486&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature15368 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-10-19 N1 - Date created - 2015-09-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - 4ZNN; PDB; 4RIK; 4RIL N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nat Rev Neurol. 2013 Jan;9(1):13-24 [23183883] PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63557 [23667637] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2013 Jul;69(Pt 7):1274-82 [23793153] Nat Commun. 2013;4:2575 [24108358] Elife. 2013;2:e01345 [24252878] Nat Methods. 2014 May;11(5):545-8 [24633409] Nat Methods. 2014 Sep;11(9):927-30 [25086503] Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2014 Aug;27:24-31 [24709395] Elife. 2014;3:e03600 [25303172] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Mar 17;112(11):3368-73 [25730881] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Apr 21;112(16):E1994-2003 [25855634] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2012 Apr;68(Pt 4):352-67 [22505256] Rev Sci Instrum. 2012 Mar;83(3):035108 [22462961] Neurosci Lett. 2000 Oct 6;292(2):128-30 [10998565] J Biol Chem. 2000 Nov 3;275(44):34574-9 [10942772] J Biol Chem. 2001 Jan 26;276(4):2380-6 [11060312] J Neurochem. 2001 Jul;78(2):384-95 [11461974] J Biol Chem. 2002 May 24;277(21):19213-9 [11893734] Protein Sci. 2002 Jun;11(6):1415-23 [12021440] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2002 Oct;1(10):816-27 [12438564] Biochemistry. 2003 Jul 29;42(29):8870-8 [12873148] J Biol Chem. 2003 Sep 26;278(39):37530-5 [12815044] Annu Rev Neurosci. 2003;26:267-98 [12704221] Science. 2003 Oct 31;302(5646):841 [14593171] Ann Neurol. 2004 Feb;55(2):164-73 [14755719] Lancet. 2004 Sep 25-Oct 1;364(9440):1169-71 [15451225] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Dec 1;90(23):11282-6 [8248242] FEBS Lett. 1994 May 23;345(1):27-32 [8194594] Science. 1997 Jun 27;276(5321):2045-7 [9197268] Nature. 1997 Aug 28;388(6645):839-40 [9278044] Chem Biol. 1995 Mar;2(3):163-9 [9383418] Nat Genet. 1998 Feb;18(2):106-8 [9462735] Nat Med. 1998 Nov;4(11):1318-20 [9809558] FEBS Lett. 1998 Nov 27;440(1-2):71-5 [9862428] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Nov 23;101(47):16466-71 [15536128] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Dec;60(Pt 12 Pt 1):2210-21 [15572774] Nature. 2005 Jun 9;435(7043):773-8 [15944695] J Neurosci. 2007 Mar 21;27(12):3338-46 [17376994] Nature. 2007 May 24;447(7143):453-7 [17468747] J Biol Chem. 2007 Aug 24;282(34):24970-9 [17573347] Nat Protoc. 2007;2(11):2728-33 [18007608] J Neurochem. 2007 Dec;103(6):2401-7 [17883396] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jun 24;105(25):8637-42 [18550842] EMBO J. 2009 Oct 21;28(20):3256-68 [19745811] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Feb;66(Pt 2):125-32 [20124692] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 23;107(8):3487-92 [20133726] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Apr;66(Pt 4):486-501 [20383002] J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Jun 30;132(25):8657-68 [20524659] Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2010;26:211-33 [20500090] PLoS One. 2010;5(12):e15801 [21203426] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 8;108(10):4194-9 [21325059] Nature. 2011 Jul 7;475(7354):96-100 [21677644] J Mol Biol. 2011 Aug 26;411(4):881-95 [21718702] Comment In: Mov Disord. 2016 Jan;31(1):44 [26748962] Nature. 2015 Sep 24;525(7570):458-9 [26352470] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature15368 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic tracer evidence for the amorphous calcium carbonate to calcite transformation by dissolution-reprecipitation AN - 1718053149; 2015-093867 AB - Observations that some biogenic and sedimentary calcites grow from amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) raise the question of how this mineralization process influences composition. However, the detailed pathway and geochemical consequences of the ACC to calcite transformation are not well constrained. This experimental study investigated the formation of calcite from ACC by using magnesium and calcium stable isotope labeling to directly probe the transformation pathway and controls on composition. Four processes were considered: dissolution-reprecipitation, solid state transformation, and combinations of these end-members. To distinguish between these scenarios, ACC was synthesized from natural isotope abundance solutions and subsequently transferred to spiked solutions that were enriched in (super 43) Ca and (super 25) Mg for the transformation to calcite. Isotope measurements by NanoSIMS determined the (super 43) Ca/ (super 40) Ca, and (super 25) Mg/ (super 24) Mg ratios of the resulting calcite crystals. Analysis of the data shows the transformation is best explained by a dissolution-reprecipitation process. We find that when a small amount of ACC is transferred, the isotopic signals in the resulting calcite are largely replaced by the composition of the surrounding spiked solution. When larger amounts of ACC are transferred, calcite compositions reflect a mixture between the ACC and initial solution end-member. Comparisons of the measurements to the predictions of a simple mixing model indicate that calcite compositions (1) are sensitive to relative amounts of ACC and the surrounding solution reservoir and (2) are primarily governed by the conditions at the time of ACC transformation rather than the initial ACC formation. Shifts in calcite composition over the duration of the transformation period reflect the progressive evolution of the local solution conditions. This dependence indicates the extent to which there is water available would change the end point composition on the mixing line. While these findings have significant geochemical implications, the question remains whether this transformation pathway is generally followed when biomineralization involves ACC or is particular to these inorganic experiments. Insights from this study nonetheless suggest that some types of compositional variability, such as "vital effects", may be explained in-part by a co-evolution of reservoir and products over the duration of the transformation. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Giuffre, Anthony J AU - Gagnon, Alexander C AU - de Yoreo, James J AU - Dove, Patricia M Y1 - 2015/09/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 15 SP - 407 EP - 417 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 165 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - Ca-40 KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - Ca-43 KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - mixing KW - Mg-25/Mg-24 KW - tracers KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - amorphous materials KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - electron microscopy data KW - solubility KW - biota KW - calcite KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - NanoSIMS KW - transformations KW - crystal chemistry KW - nanoparticles KW - carbonates KW - SEM data KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Isotopic+tracer+evidence+for+the+amorphous+calcium+carbonate+to+calcite+transformation+by+dissolution-reprecipitation&rft.au=Giuffre%2C+Anthony+J%3BGagnon%2C+Alexander+C%3Bde+Yoreo%2C+James+J%3BDove%2C+Patricia+M&rft.aulast=Giuffre&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2015-09-15&rft.volume=165&rft.issue=&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.06.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 69 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; amorphous materials; biochemistry; biomineralization; biota; Ca-40; Ca-43; calcite; calcium; calcium carbonate; carbonates; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; ICP mass spectra; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; magnesium; mass spectra; metals; Mg-25/Mg-24; mixing; models; nanoparticles; NanoSIMS; precipitation; SEM data; solubility; spectra; stable isotopes; tracers; transformations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.06.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microanalytical methods for in situ high-resolution analysis of rock varnish at the micrometer to nanometer scale AN - 1718053082; 2015-094032 AB - A wide range of analytical techniques were used to investigate rock varnish from different locations (Negev, Israel; Knersvlakte, South Africa; Death Valley and Mojave Desert, California): a 200 nm-femtosecond laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS), an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), focused ion beam (FIB) slicing, and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy-near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (STXM-NEXAFS). This combination enables comprehensive high-spatial-resolution analysis of rock varnish. Femtosecond LA-ICP-MS and EPMA were used for quantitative determination of element concentrations. In-situ measurements were conducted on thick and thin sections with a resolution of 10-40 mu m and 2 mu m, respectively. The results demonstrate that some elements, such as Mn, Co, Pb, Ni, and Cu, are highly enriched in varnish relative to the upper continental crust (up to a factor of 100). The varnish composition is not influenced by the composition of the underlying rock, which is witnessed by plots of MnO (sub 2) vs. SiO (sub 2) contents. Furthermore, the Mn-free end members fall in the range of average dust compositions. The varnishes from the various locations show distinct differences in some elemental ratios, in particular Mn/Fe (0.3-25.1), Mn/Ba (4-170), Ni/Co (0.03-1.8) and Pb/Ni (0.4-23). The rare earth element (REE) patterns vary with La (sub N) /Yb (sub N) = 3.5-12 and different degrees of Ce anomalies (Ce/Ce* = 1.5-5.3). To study the internal structure of the varnish, 100-200 nm thick FIB slices were prepared and mappings of Fe, Mn, N, CO (sub 3) (super 2 -) , Ca, C, and Si at the nm scale performed. Banded internal structures of Mn, Fe and organic C were observed in the Israeli and Californian samples, however, no Fe-rich layers are present in the South African rock varnish samples. Furthermore, cavities were found that are partly filled by C, Fe, and Mn rich material. Internal structures are different for varnish from different locations, which might reflect different types of genesis. The results of the combined microanalytical techniques give important detailed insights towards unraveling the genesis of rock varnish. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Macholdt, D S AU - Jochum, K P AU - Poehlker, C AU - Stoll, B AU - Weis, U AU - Weber, B AU - Mueller, M AU - Kappl, M AU - Buhre, S AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Weigand, M AU - Scholz, D AU - Al-Amri, A M AU - Andreae, M O Y1 - 2015/09/14/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 14 SP - 57 EP - 68 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 411 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - United States KW - mass spectra KW - scanning transmission X-ray microscopy KW - Israel KW - electron probe data KW - California KW - STXM KW - Mojave Desert KW - Death Valley KW - spectra KW - South Africa KW - rare earths KW - Negev KW - chemical composition KW - Asia KW - Middle East KW - high-resolution methods KW - Knersvlake South Africa KW - in situ KW - ICP mass spectra KW - focused ion beam KW - metals KW - Southern Africa KW - rock varnish KW - EXAFS data KW - Africa KW - nanoparticles KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Microanalytical+methods+for+in+situ+high-resolution+analysis+of+rock+varnish+at+the+micrometer+to+nanometer+scale&rft.au=Macholdt%2C+D+S%3BJochum%2C+K+P%3BPoehlker%2C+C%3BStoll%2C+B%3BWeis%2C+U%3BWeber%2C+B%3BMueller%2C+M%3BKappl%2C+M%3BBuhre%2C+S%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BWeigand%2C+M%3BScholz%2C+D%3BAl-Amri%2C+A+M%3BAndreae%2C+M+O&rft.aulast=Macholdt&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-09-14&rft.volume=411&rft.issue=&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2015.06.023 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Asia; California; chemical composition; Death Valley; electron probe data; EXAFS data; focused ion beam; high-resolution methods; ICP mass spectra; in situ; Israel; Knersvlake South Africa; mass spectra; metals; Middle East; Mojave Desert; nanoparticles; Negev; rare earths; rock varnish; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy; South Africa; Southern Africa; spectra; STXM; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.06.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Architecture of the synaptotagmin-SNARE machinery for neuronal exocytosis. AN - 1709710304; 26280336 AB - Synaptotagmin-1 and neuronal SNARE proteins have central roles in evoked synchronous neurotransmitter release; however, it is unknown how they cooperate to trigger synaptic vesicle fusion. Here we report atomic-resolution crystal structures of Ca(2+)- and Mg(2+)-bound complexes between synaptotagmin-1 and the neuronal SNARE complex, one of which was determined with diffraction data from an X-ray free-electron laser, leading to an atomic-resolution structure with accurate rotamer assignments for many side chains. The structures reveal several interfaces, including a large, specific, Ca(2+)-independent and conserved interface. Tests of this interface by mutagenesis suggest that it is essential for Ca(2+)-triggered neurotransmitter release in mouse hippocampal neuronal synapses and for Ca(2+)-triggered vesicle fusion in a reconstituted system. We propose that this interface forms before Ca(2+) triggering, moves en bloc as Ca(2+) influx promotes the interactions between synaptotagmin-1 and the plasma membrane, and consequently remodels the membrane to promote fusion, possibly in conjunction with other interfaces. JF - Nature AU - Zhou, Qiangjun AU - Lai, Ying AU - Bacaj, Taulant AU - Zhao, Minglei AU - Lyubimov, Artem Y AU - Uervirojnangkoorn, Monarin AU - Zeldin, Oliver B AU - Brewster, Aaron S AU - Sauter, Nicholas K AU - Cohen, Aina E AU - Soltis, S Michael AU - Alonso-Mori, Roberto AU - Chollet, Matthieu AU - Lemke, Henrik T AU - Pfuetzner, Richard A AU - Choi, Ucheor B AU - Weis, William I AU - Diao, Jiajie AU - Südhof, Thomas C AU - Brunger, Axel T AD - Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. ; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California 94305, USA. ; Departments of Structural Biology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, and Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. Y1 - 2015/09/03/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Sep 03 SP - 62 EP - 67 VL - 525 IS - 7567 KW - SNARE Proteins KW - 0 KW - Synaptotagmins KW - 134193-27-4 KW - Magnesium KW - I38ZP9992A KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Electrons KW - Calcium -- chemistry KW - Models, Molecular KW - Synaptic Vesicles -- metabolism KW - Synaptic Vesicles -- chemistry KW - Mice KW - Models, Biological KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Magnesium -- metabolism KW - Membrane Fusion KW - Synaptic Vesicles -- secretion KW - Hippocampus -- cytology KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Lasers KW - Binding Sites -- genetics KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Synaptic Transmission KW - Magnesium -- chemistry KW - Synaptotagmins -- genetics KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - SNARE Proteins -- chemistry KW - Neurons -- chemistry KW - Neurons -- cytology KW - Synaptotagmins -- chemistry KW - Exocytosis KW - SNARE Proteins -- genetics KW - Synaptotagmins -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- secretion KW - SNARE Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709710304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Architecture+of+the+synaptotagmin-SNARE+machinery+for+neuronal+exocytosis.&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Qiangjun%3BLai%2C+Ying%3BBacaj%2C+Taulant%3BZhao%2C+Minglei%3BLyubimov%2C+Artem+Y%3BUervirojnangkoorn%2C+Monarin%3BZeldin%2C+Oliver+B%3BBrewster%2C+Aaron+S%3BSauter%2C+Nicholas+K%3BCohen%2C+Aina+E%3BSoltis%2C+S+Michael%3BAlonso-Mori%2C+Roberto%3BChollet%2C+Matthieu%3BLemke%2C+Henrik+T%3BPfuetzner%2C+Richard+A%3BChoi%2C+Ucheor+B%3BWeis%2C+William+I%3BDiao%2C+Jiajie%3BS%C3%BCdhof%2C+Thomas+C%3BBrunger%2C+Axel+T&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Qiangjun&rft.date=2015-09-03&rft.volume=525&rft.issue=7567&rft.spage=62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature14975 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-10-01 N1 - Date created - 2015-09-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - 5CCI; 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2016-108676 AB - An extension of a previously developed rock physics model is made that quantifies the relationship between the ductile fraction of a brittle/ductile binary mixture and the isotropic seismic reflection response. By making a weak scattering (Born) approximation and plane wave (eikonal) approximation, with a subsequent ordering according to the angles of incidence, singular value decomposition analyses are performed to understand the stack weightings, number of stacks, and the type of stacks that will optimally estimate two fundamental rock physics parameters - the ductile fraction and the compaction and/or diagenesis. It is concluded that the full PP stack, i.e., sum of all PP offset traces, and the "full" PS stack, i.e., linear weighted sum of PS offset traces, are the two optimal stacks needed to estimate the two rock physics parameters. They dominate over both the second-order amplitude variation offset "gradient" stack, which is a quadratically weighted sum of PP offset traces that is effectively the far offset traces minus the near offset traces, and the higher order fourth order PP stack (even at large angles of incidence). Using this result and model-based Bayesian inversion, the seismic detectability of the ductile fraction (shown by others to be the important rock property for the geomechanical response of unconventional reservoir fracking) is demonstrated on a model characteristic of the Marcellus shale play. Abstract Copyright (2015), European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers. JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Glinsky, Michael E AU - Cortis, Andrea AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Sassen, Doug AU - Rael, Howard Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 1224 EP - 1245 PB - Blackwell on behalf of the European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers (EAGE), Houten VL - 63 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - body waves KW - Bayesian analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - reflection methods KW - mechanical properties KW - inverse problem KW - elastic waves KW - seismic methods KW - rock mechanics KW - reservoir rocks KW - PP-waves KW - compaction KW - PS-waves KW - ductility KW - quantitative analysis KW - stacking KW - diagenesis KW - reservoir properties KW - seismic waves KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849304354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Geomechanical+property+estimation+of+unconventional+reservoirs+using+seismic+data+and+rock+physics&rft.au=Glinsky%2C+Michael+E%3BCortis%2C+Andrea%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BSassen%2C+Doug%3BRael%2C+Howard&rft.aulast=Glinsky&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1365-2478.12211 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols. N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - CODEN - GPPRAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bayesian analysis; body waves; compaction; diagenesis; ductility; elastic waves; geophysical methods; hydraulic fracturing; inverse problem; mechanical properties; PP-waves; PS-waves; quantitative analysis; reflection methods; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; rock mechanics; seismic methods; seismic waves; stacking; statistical analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12211 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continuum-scale investigation of evaporation from bare soil under different boundary and initial conditions; an evaluation of nonequilibrium phase change AN - 1797529325; 2016-053119 AB - Evaporation and condensation in bare soils govern water and energy fluxes between the land and atmosphere. Phase change between liquid water and water vapor is commonly evaluated in soil hydrology using an assumption of instantaneous phase change (i.e., chemical equilibrium). Past experimental studies have shown that finite volatilization and condensation times can be observed under certain environmental conditions, thereby questioning the validity of this assumption. A comparison between equilibrium and nonequilibrium phase change modeling approaches showed that the latter is able to provide better estimates of evaporation, justifying the need for more research on this topic. Several formulations based on irreversible thermodynamics, first-order reaction kinetics, or the kinetic theory of gases have been employed to describe nonequilibrium phase change at the continuum scale. In this study, results from a fully coupled nonisothermal heat and mass transfer model applying four different nonequilibrium phase change formulations were compared with experimental data generated under different initial and boundary conditions. Results from a modified Hertz-Knudsen formulation based on kinetic theory of gases, proposed herein, were consistently in best agreement in terms of preserving both magnitude and trends of experimental data under all environmental conditions analyzed. Simulation results showed that temperature-dependent formulations generally better predict evaporation than formulations independent of temperature. Analysis of vapor concentrations within the porous media showed that conditions were not at equilibrium under the experimental conditions tested. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Trautz, Andrew C AU - Smits, Kathleen M AU - Cihan, Abdullah AU - Montanari, Alberto AU - Bahr, Jean AU - Bloeschl, Guenter AU - Cai, Ximing AU - Mackay, D Scott AU - Michalak, Anna M AU - Rajaram, Harihar AU - Sander, Graham Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 7630 EP - 7648 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 51 IS - 9 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - condensation KW - moisture KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - water vapor KW - techniques KW - equilibrium KW - energy balance KW - boundary conditions KW - volatilization KW - theoretical studies KW - evaporation KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - multiphase flow KW - heat transfer KW - mass transfer KW - instruments KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797529325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Continuum-scale+investigation+of+evaporation+from+bare+soil+under+different+boundary+and+initial+conditions%3B+an+evaluation+of+nonequilibrium+phase+change&rft.au=Trautz%2C+Andrew+C%3BSmits%2C+Kathleen+M%3BCihan%2C+Abdullah%3BMontanari%2C+Alberto%3BBahr%2C+Jean%3BBloeschl%2C+Guenter%3BCai%2C+Ximing%3BMackay%2C+D+Scott%3BMichalak%2C+Anna+M%3BRajaram%2C+Harihar%3BSander%2C+Graham&rft.aulast=Trautz&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=7630&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR016504 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; condensation; data acquisition; data processing; digital simulation; energy balance; equilibrium; evaporation; experimental studies; heat transfer; hydrology; instruments; mass transfer; moisture; multiphase flow; numerical models; soils; techniques; theoretical studies; transport; unsaturated zone; volatilization; water vapor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016504 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy retrofit analysis toolkits for commercial buildings: A review AN - 1786162183; PQ0002501981 AB - Retrofit analysis toolkits can be used to optimize energy or cost savings from retrofit strategies, accelerating the adoption of ECMs (energy conservation measures) in buildings. This paper provides an up-to-date review of the features and capabilities of 18 energy retrofit toolkits, including ECMs and the calculation engines. The fidelity of the calculation techniques, a driving component of retrofit toolkits, were evaluated. An evaluation of the issues that hinder effective retrofit analysis in terms of accessibility, usability, data requirement, and the application of efficiency measures, provides valuable insights into advancing the field forward. Following this review the general concepts were determined: (1) toolkits developed primarily in the private sector use empirically data-driven methods or benchmarking to provide ease of use, (2) almost all of the toolkits which used EnergyPlus or DOE-2 were freely accessible, but suffered from complexity, longer data input and simulation run time, (3) in general, there appeared to be a fine line between having too much detail resulting in a long analysis time or too little detail which sacrificed modeling fidelity. These insights provide an opportunity to enhance the design and development of existing and new retrofit toolkits in the future. JF - Energy AU - Lee, Sang Hoon AU - Hong, Tianzhen AU - Piette, Mary Ann AU - Taylor-Lange, Sarah C AD - Building Technology and Urban Systems Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 1087 EP - 1100 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 89 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Building energy retrofit KW - Web-based applications KW - Energy conservation measures KW - Energy simulation KW - Energy efficiency KW - Retrofit analysis tools KW - Mathematical models KW - Design engineering KW - Toolkits KW - Strategy KW - Energy conservation KW - Retrofitting KW - Computational efficiency KW - Accessibility KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1786162183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=Energy+retrofit+analysis+toolkits+for+commercial+buildings%3A+A+review&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sang+Hoon%3BHong%2C+Tianzhen%3BPiette%2C+Mary+Ann%3BTaylor-Lange%2C+Sarah+C&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sang&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2015.06.112 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-03 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.06.112 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Autonomous taxis could greatly reduce greenhouse-gas emissions of US light-duty vehicles AN - 1773824800; PQ0002697243 AB - Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are conveyances to move passengers or freight without human intervention. AVs are potentially disruptive both technologically and socially, with claimed benefits including increased safety, road utilization, driver productivity and energy savings. Here we estimate 2014 and 2030 greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions and costs of autonomous taxis (ATs), a class of fully autonomous shared AVs likely to gain rapid early market share, through three synergistic effects: (1) future decreases in electricity GHG emissions intensity, (2) smaller vehicle sizes resulting from trip-specific AT deployment, and (3) higher annual vehicle-miles travelled (VMT), increasing high-efficiency (especially battery-electric) vehicle cost-effectiveness. Combined, these factors could result in decreased US per-mile GHG emissions in 2030 per AT deployed of 87-94% below current conventionally driven vehicles (CDVs), and 63-82% below projected 2030 hybrid vehicles, without including other energy-saving benefits of AVs. With these substantial GHG savings, ATs could enable GHG reductions even if total VMT, average speed and vehicle size increased substantially. Oil consumption would also be reduced by nearly 100%. JF - Nature Climate Change AU - Greenblatt, Jeffery B AU - Saxena, Samveg AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 860 EP - 863 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 9 SN - 1758-678X, 1758-678X KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Synergistic effects KW - Safety KW - Climate change KW - Energy conservation KW - Intervention KW - Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles KW - Cost benefit analysis KW - Hybrids KW - Emissions KW - Greenhouse gases KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773824800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.atitle=Autonomous+taxis+could+greatly+reduce+greenhouse-gas+emissions+of+US+light-duty+vehicles&rft.au=Greenblatt%2C+Jeffery+B%3BSaxena%2C+Samveg&rft.aulast=Greenblatt&rft.aufirst=Jeffery&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=860&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Climate+Change&rft.issn=1758678X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnclimate2685 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Greenhouse gases; Atmospheric pollution by motor vehicles; Synergistic effects; Hybrids; Safety; Emissions; Energy conservation; Intervention; Cost benefit analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2685 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of coupled heat transfer and water flow on soil borehole thermal energy storage (SBTES) systems; experimental and modeling investigation AN - 1761075350; 2016-009023 AB - A promising energy storage option is to inject and store heat generated from renewable energy sources in geothermal borehole arrays to form soil-borehole thermal energy storage (SBTES) systems. Although it is widely recognized that the movement of water in liquid and vapor forms through unsaturated soils is closely coupled to heat transfer, these coupled processes have not been considered in modeling of SBTES systems located in the vadose zone. Instead, previous analyses have assumed that the soil is a purely conductive medium with constant hydraulic and thermal properties. Numerical modeling tools that are available to consider these coupled processes have not been applied to SBTES systems partly due to the scarcity of field or laboratory data needed for validation. The goal of this work is to test different conceptual and mathematical formulations that are used in heat and mass transfer theories and determine their importance in modeling SBTES systems. First, a non-isothermal numerical model that simulates coupled heat, water vapor and liquid water flux through soil and considers non-equilibrium liquid/gas phase change was adopted to simulate SBTES systems. Next, this model was used to investigate different coupled heat transfer and water flow using nonisothermal hydraulic and thermal constitutive models. Data collected from laboratory-scale tank tests involving heating of an unsaturated sand layer were used to validate the numerical simulations. Results demonstrate the need to include thermally induced water flow in modeling efforts as well as convective heat transfer, especially when modeling unsaturated flow systems. For the boundary conditions and soil types considered, convective heat flux arising from thermally induced water flow was greater than heat transfer due to conductive heat flux alone. Although this analysis needs to be applied to the geometry and site conditions for SBTES systems in the vadose zone, this observation indicates that thermally induced water flow can have significant effects on the efficiency of heat injection and extraction. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Moradi, Ali AU - Smits, Kathleen M AU - Massey, Jacob AU - Cihan, Abdullah AU - McCartney, John Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 56 EP - 72 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 57 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - heat storage KW - heat flux KW - numerical models KW - thermal properties KW - mathematical models KW - geothermal engineering KW - thermal waters KW - geothermal energy KW - boreholes KW - heat transfer KW - constitutive equations KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - mass transfer KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761075350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Impact+of+coupled+heat+transfer+and+water+flow+on+soil+borehole+thermal+energy+storage+%28SBTES%29+systems%3B+experimental+and+modeling+investigation&rft.au=Moradi%2C+Ali%3BSmits%2C+Kathleen+M%3BMassey%2C+Jacob%3BCihan%2C+Abdullah%3BMcCartney%2C+John&rft.aulast=Moradi&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2015.05.007 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; constitutive equations; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; heat flux; heat storage; heat transfer; hydraulic conductivity; mass transfer; mathematical models; numerical models; thermal properties; thermal waters DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.05.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resistivity characterization of the Krafla and Hengill geothermal fields through 3D MT inverse modeling AN - 1761074385; 2016-009034 AB - Krafla and Hengill volcanic complexes, located 300 km apart, are both known as high-temperature geothermal systems located within neo-volcanic zones of Iceland. This paper demonstrates the utilization of three-dimensional (3D) magnetotelluric (MT) inversions from three different inverse modeling algorithms, which leads to characterizing the electrical resistivity structure of geothermal reservoirs with a much greater level of confidence in accuracy and resolution than if a single algorithm was employed in the data interpretation. These are the first 3D MT inversions of a Krafla MT dataset. The inverted model of electrical resistivity is a classic example of a high-temperature hydrothermal system, with a highly resistive near-surface layer, identified as unaltered porous basalt, overlying a low resistivity cap corresponding to the smectite-zeolite zone. This layer is in turn underlain by a more resistive zone, identified as the epidote-chlorite zone, also called the resistive core, which is often associated with production of geothermal fluids. The electrical structure in the upper 1-2 km does not correlate with lithology but with alteration mineralogy. At the location of the IDDP-1 well, which encountered magma at 2.1 km depth, the resistivity image shows high resistivity, most likely due to the epidote-chlorite geology and the presence of deeper superheated or supercritical fluids. Two km northwest of the well, however, an intrusive low-resistivity feature is imaged rising from depth, and a plausible interpretation is that of a magma intrusion. One possible explanation for the magma encounter at the IDDP-1 well is the existence of pathways or fissures connected to the magma chamber and intersected by the well. The MT response to these magma pathways is not discernible in the existing data, perhaps because this magma volume is below the threshold of resolvability. The electrical resistivity structure of the Hengill geothermal area also reveals characteristic features of a high temperature geothermal system with two low-resistivity layers. The nature of the uppermost low-resistivity layer and the increasing resistivity below it is attributed to hydrothermal mineral alteration, while the nature of the deep low-resistivity layer, centered over the northeast, is not yet well understood. The geothermal system in the northeast area appears to be shallower than the system manifested in the southwest. 3D MT inversions of Krafla and Hengill data sets show that knowledge of the subsurface electrical resistivity contributes substantially to a better understanding of complex geothermal systems. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Gasperikova, Erika AU - Rosenkjaer, Gudni Karl AU - Arnason, Knutur AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Lindsey, Nathaniel J Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 246 EP - 257 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 57 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - sorosilicates KW - silicates KW - Western Europe KW - Hengill Field KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - characterization KW - inverse problem KW - Europe KW - resistivity KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - geothermal exploration KW - epidote KW - Krafla Field KW - orthosilicates KW - epidote group KW - Iceland KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761074385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Resistivity+characterization+of+the+Krafla+and+Hengill+geothermal+fields+through+3D+MT+inverse+modeling&rft.au=Gasperikova%2C+Erika%3BRosenkjaer%2C+Gudni+Karl%3BArnason%2C+Knutur%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BLindsey%2C+Nathaniel+J&rft.aulast=Gasperikova&rft.aufirst=Erika&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=&rft.spage=246&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2015.06.015 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; electrical methods; epidote; epidote group; Europe; geophysical methods; geothermal energy; geothermal exploration; geothermal fields; Hengill Field; Iceland; inverse problem; Krafla Field; magnetotelluric methods; orthosilicates; resistivity; silicates; sorosilicates; three-dimensional models; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.06.015 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An iTOUGH2 equation-of-state module for modeling supercritical conditions in geothermal reservoirs AN - 1761073767; 2016-009020 AB - High enthalpy geothermal fluid is becoming more desirable for energy production with advancing technology. In this study, a new equation-of-state module termed EOS1sc was developed for iTOUGH2, to provide forward and inverse modeling capabilities at supercritical conditions. As a verification exercise, test cases of five-spot geothermal problems and of a cooling pluton were studied. The IAPWS-IF97 and IAPWS-95 thermodynamic formulations were examined, and results of EOS1sc were compared to other simulators. Advantages of EOS1sc over current geothermal simulators include higher operational range for pressure and temperature, better accuracy, higher computational speed, and/or inverse modeling capabilities. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Magnusdottir, Lilja AU - Finsterle, Stefan Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 8 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 57 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - TOUGH2 KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - intrusions KW - enthalpy KW - numerical models KW - magmas KW - supercritical water KW - reservoir properties KW - geothermal engineering KW - thermodynamic properties KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=An+iTOUGH2+equation-of-state+module+for+modeling+supercritical+conditions+in+geothermal+reservoirs&rft.au=Magnusdottir%2C+Lilja%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan&rft.aulast=Magnusdottir&rft.aufirst=Lilja&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2015.05.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; enthalpy; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; intrusions; magmas; numerical models; reservoir properties; supercritical water; thermodynamic properties; TOUGH2 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.05.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of 3D MT inversions for geothermal exploration; case studies for Krafla and Hengill geothermal systems in Iceland AN - 1761073598; 2016-009035 AB - The magnetotelluric (MT) method is important for exploration of geothermal systems. The information on the Earth's resistivity obtained with MT methods has been valuable in imaging the hydrothermal alteration of such systems. Given its ability to recover complex resistivity models for the Earth, three-dimensional (3D) MT inversion has become a common practice in geothermal exploration. However, 3D inversion is a time-consuming and complicated procedure that relies on computer algorithms to search for a model that can explain the measured data to a sufficient level. Furthermore, many elements of inversion require input from the practitioner, which can easily bias the results. Consequently, final 3D MT results depend on various factors, including the inversion code, the model mesh used to represent the Earth, data quality and processing, and constraints imposed during the inversion procedure. In this paper, to explore how this variability in 3D MT modeling impacts the final model, we invert MT data sets from the Krafla and Hengill geothermal areas in Iceland, using three different inversion codes. In each case, the modelers had the freedom to select a subset of the data and implement the inversion for the respective code in an optimized way. We compare the results from all the inversion codes, as well as consider the setup and assumptions made during the inversion process, all of which helps enhance the robustness and quality of the results. The comparison is done in multiple ways, using visual comparison of the recovered resistivity models, as well as comparing the structural similarities of the models by employing a structural correlation metric based on cross-gradients and other types of metrics for structural correlation. This approach highlights structures that are common in all three models, and implies that these structures are independent of the inversion code and necessary to fit the data. All modeling results from both Krafla and Hengill are consistent to first order, recovering a conductive layer on top of a resistive core typical of high temperature geothermal systems. For Hengill, the models show strong structural agreement, with all inversions recovering a moderately layered resistivity model but adding detail to previous work done in the area. Major differences are found in areas with coarse data coverage and hence questionable model resolution. Where the recovered structures in different models coincide, our confidence that these structures are well-constrained by the data is elevated, in spite of the different setup and assumptions in the codes these structures are required; so they can be interpreted in terms of geology with more certainty. Results from Krafla are not as consistent as results for Hengill, related in part to the Krafla data being nosier than the Hengill data. The models from Krafla have coinciding larger structures, but small-scale structures there are less coherent. One of the consistent structures in all the models is a conductive zone reaching from a depth of 5 km to shallower depths in the northern part of the area. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Rosenkjaer, Gudni Karl AU - Gasperikova, Erika AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Arnason, Knutur AU - Lindsey, Nathaniel J Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 258 EP - 274 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 57 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - Western Europe KW - Hengill Field KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - Europe KW - metasomatism KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - geothermal energy KW - case studies KW - geothermal systems KW - geothermal exploration KW - Krafla Field KW - reservoir properties KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - Iceland KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+3D+MT+inversions+for+geothermal+exploration%3B+case+studies+for+Krafla+and+Hengill+geothermal+systems+in+Iceland&rft.au=Rosenkjaer%2C+Gudni+Karl%3BGasperikova%2C+Erika%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BArnason%2C+Knutur%3BLindsey%2C+Nathaniel+J&rft.aulast=Rosenkjaer&rft.aufirst=Gudni&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2015.06.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; Europe; geophysical methods; geothermal energy; geothermal exploration; geothermal systems; Hengill Field; hydrothermal alteration; Iceland; Krafla Field; magnetotelluric methods; metasomatism; reservoir properties; three-dimensional models; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.06.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of Pretreatment Technologies on Saccharification and Isopentenol Fermentation of Mixed Lignocellulosic Feedstocks AN - 1753524600; PQ0002073332 AB - In order to enable the large-scale production of biofuels or chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass, a consistent and affordable year-round supply of lignocellulosic feedstocks is essential. Feedstock blending and/or densification offers one promising solution to overcome current challenges on biomass supply, i.e., low energy and bulk densities and significant compositional variations. Therefore, it is imperative to develop conversion technologies that can process mixed pelleted biomass feedstocks with minimal negative impact in terms of overall performance of the relevant biorefinery unit operations: pretreatment, fermentable sugar production, and fuel titers. We processed the mixture of four feedstocks-corn stover, switchgrass, lodgepole pine, and eucalyptus (1:1:1:1 on dry weight basis)-in flour and pellet form using ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, dilute sulfuric acid (DA), and soaking in aqueous ammonia (SAA) pretreatments. Commercial enzyme mixtures, including cellulases and hemicellulases, were then applied to these pretreated feedstocks at low to moderate enzyme loadings to determine hydrolysis efficiency. Results show significant variations on the chemical composition, crystallinity, and enzymatic digestibility of the pretreated feedstocks across the different pretreatment technologies studied. The advanced biofuel isopentenol was produced during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of pretreated feedstocks using an engineered Escherichia coli strain. Results show that IL pretreatment liberates the most sugar during enzymatic saccharification, and in turn led to the highest isopentenol titer as compared to DA and SAA pretreatments. This study provides insights on developing biorefinery technologies that produce advanced biofuels based on mixed feedstock streams. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Shi, Jian AU - George, Kevin W AU - Sun, Ning AU - He, Wei AU - Li, Chenlin AU - Stavila, Vitalie AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Lee, Taek Soon AU - Singh, Seema AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 1004 EP - 1013 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Pretreatment KW - Fuels KW - Saccharification KW - Enzymes KW - Feedstock KW - Biomass KW - Lignocellulose KW - Eucalyptus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1753524600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Pretreatment+Technologies+on+Saccharification+and+Isopentenol+Fermentation+of+Mixed+Lignocellulosic+Feedstocks&rft.au=Shi%2C+Jian%3BGeorge%2C+Kevin+W%3BSun%2C+Ning%3BHe%2C+Wei%3BLi%2C+Chenlin%3BStavila%2C+Vitalie%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BLee%2C+Taek+Soon%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1004&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9588-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9588-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scale-Up of Ionic Liquid-Based Fractionation of Single and Mixed Feedstocks AN - 1753519797; PQ0002073334 AB - Lignocellulosic biorefineries have tonnage and throughput requirements that must be met year round, and there is no single feedstock available in any given region that is capable of meeting the price and availability demands of the biorefineries. Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment with certain ILs is receiving significant attentions as a potential process that enables fractionation of a wide range of feedstocks and produces high yields of fermentable sugars suitable for biofuel production. Building on the large-scale demonstration of a single herbaceous feedstock (switchgrass), this work extends scale-up of IL pretreatment to woody (eucalyptus) and mixed feedstock (mixtures of two) by 30-fold, relative to the bench scale (6 vs 0.2 L) at 10 % solid loading. The mixed feedstock recovered similar yields of glucan (99.7 %), xylan (62.8 %), and lignin (59.9 %) as switchgrass and eucalyptus at 6-L scale operation, and results of all three feedstocks are better than those obtained from small-scale studies. By integrating the process of IL pretreatment with efficient and scalable homogenization, washing, and product recovery system, IL contents in the recovered materials were decreased to 0.2 %, mitigating the risk to downstream enzymatic saccharification and microbial fermentation. Results indicate that mixed feedstock are viable and valuable resource to consider when assessing biomass availability and affordability for lignocellulosic biorefineries. This scale-up evaluation demonstrates that IL pretreatment technology is feedstock agnostic and can be effectively scaled to larger operations. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Li, Chenlin AU - Tanjore, Deepti AU - He, Wei AU - Wong, Jessica AU - Gardner, James L AU - Thompson, Vicki S AU - Yancey, Neal A AU - Sale, Kenneth L AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Advanced Biofuels Process Demonstration Unit, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA PY - 2015 SP - 982 EP - 991 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Pretreatment KW - Fractionation KW - Homogenizing KW - Availability KW - Refining KW - Feedstock KW - Biomass KW - Eucalyptus UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1753519797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Scale-Up+of+Ionic+Liquid-Based+Fractionation+of+Single+and+Mixed+Feedstocks&rft.au=Li%2C+Chenlin%3BTanjore%2C+Deepti%3BHe%2C+Wei%3BWong%2C+Jessica%3BGardner%2C+James+L%3BThompson%2C+Vicki+S%3BYancey%2C+Neal+A%3BSale%2C+Kenneth+L%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Chenlin&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=982&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9587-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9587-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-Throughput Prediction of Acacia and Eucalypt Lignin Syringyl/Guaiacyl Content Using FT-Raman Spectroscopy and Partial Least Squares Modeling AN - 1753519121; PQ0002073324 AB - High-throughput techniques are necessary to efficiently screen potential lignocellulosic feedstocks for the production of renewable fuels, chemicals, and bio-based materials, thereby reducing experimental time and expense while supplanting tedious, destructive methods. The ratio of lignin syringyl (S) to guaiacyl (G) monomers has been routinely quantified as a way to probe biomass recalcitrance. Mid-infrared and Raman spectroscopy have been demonstrated to produce robust partial least squares models for the prediction of lignin S/G ratios in a diverse group of Acacia and eucalypt trees. The most accurate Raman model has now been used to predict the S/G ratio from 269 unknown Acacia and eucalypt feedstocks. This study demonstrates the application of a partial least squares model composed of Raman spectral data and lignin S/G ratios measured using pyrolysis/molecular beam mass spectrometry (pyMBMS) for the prediction of S/G ratios in an unknown data set. The predicted S/G ratios calculated by the model were averaged according to plant species, and the means were not found to differ from the pyMBMS ratios when evaluating the mean values of each method within the 95 % confidence interval. Pairwise comparisons within each data set were employed to assess statistical differences between each biomass species. While some pairwise appraisals failed to differentiate between species, Acacias, in both data sets, clearly display significant differences in their S/G composition which distinguish them from eucalypts. This research shows the power of using Raman spectroscopy to supplant tedious, destructive methods for the evaluation of the lignin S/G ratio of diverse plant biomass materials. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Lupoi, Jason S AU - Healey, Adam AU - Singh, Seema AU - Sykes, Robert AU - Davis, Mark AU - Lee, David J AU - Shepherd, Merv AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Henry, Robert J AD - Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia jslupoi@lbl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 953 EP - 963 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - Plants (organisms) KW - Mathematical models KW - Power plants KW - Least squares method KW - G ratio KW - Feedstock KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1753519121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=High-Throughput+Prediction+of+Acacia+and+Eucalypt+Lignin+Syringyl%2FGuaiacyl+Content+Using+FT-Raman+Spectroscopy+and+Partial+Least+Squares+Modeling&rft.au=Lupoi%2C+Jason+S%3BHealey%2C+Adam%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSykes%2C+Robert%3BDavis%2C+Mark%3BLee%2C+David+J%3BShepherd%2C+Merv%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BHenry%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Lupoi&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=953&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9578-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9578-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships between permeability, porosity and effective stress for low-permeability sedimentary rock AN - 1734270910; 2015-112739 AB - As the effective stress increases, low-permeability rock undergoes fairly small porosity changes, but significant decrease in the permeability. Empirical relationships based on laboratory-measured data, typically exponential or power laws, have been proposed to describe the stress-permeability, stress-porosity, and permeability-porosity relationships. However, these approximations yield poor fitting in low effective stress ranges, or unreasonable prediction for certain effective stresses. In this study, we develop a series of theoretical models for the essential relationships among the porosity, permeability and the effective stresses for low-permeability sedimentary rock, based on the concept of Two-Part Hooke's Model (TPHM). The TPHM conceptualizes an intact rock into a soft part and a hard part, which comply with the natural-strain-based and engineering-strain-based Hooke's law, respectively. The derived relationships are validated by the experimental data from the literature. The comparisons show that the theoretical predictions agree well with the experimental results. The soft-part, comprising of only a small portion of the rock body, is responsible for the significant permeability reduction in low stress levels. The high stress-sensitivity of permeability is mainly attributed to the micro-crack (soft-part) closure in the intact rock. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Zheng, Jiangtao AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Ju, Yang Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 304 EP - 318 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 78 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - hydraulics KW - density KW - strain KW - shale KW - stress KW - sandstone KW - mechanical properties KW - mathematical models KW - elastic waves KW - porosity KW - rock mechanics KW - Two-Part Hooke's model KW - sedimentary rocks KW - siltstone KW - seismic waves KW - confining pressure KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734270910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Relationships+between+permeability%2C+porosity+and+effective+stress+for+low-permeability+sedimentary+rock&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Jiangtao%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BJu%2C+Yang&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Jiangtao&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=&rft.spage=304&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2015.04.025 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; clastic rocks; confining pressure; density; elastic waves; hydraulics; mathematical models; mechanical properties; P-waves; permeability; porosity; rock mechanics; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; seismic waves; shale; siltstone; strain; stress; Two-Part Hooke's model DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2015.04.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The origin of water vapor rings in tropical oceanic cold pools AN - 1732815313; PQ0002167882 AB - Tropical deep convection over the ocean is found to grow preferentially from thermodynamically preconditioned regions of high specific humidity and, thus, high moist static energy. For this reason, rings of enhanced specific humidity at the leading edges of evaporatively driven cold pools have recently received considerable attention. The prevailing theory explains these rings by the water vapor source from the evaporation of rain drops below cloud base. Their origin is studied in this letter using large-eddy simulations of individual cumulus clouds that rise into a tropical atmosphere over ocean. It is demonstrated that-in contrast to this theory-water vapor rings are primarily explained by surface latent heat fluxes rather than by the evaporation of rain. This finding implies that conceptual models used in subgrid-scale parameterizations of deep convection should consider the formation of rings of increased specific humidity by the cold-pool-induced enhancement of surface fluxes. Key Points * The origin of water vapor rings in tropical cold pools is explained * Surface latent heat fluxes explain water vapor rings * Implications for parameterizations of cold pool effects in GCMs JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Langhans, Wolfgang AU - Romps, David M AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 7825 EP - 7834 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 42 IS - 18 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Specific humidity KW - Convection KW - Water Vapor KW - Evaporation KW - Tropical atmosphere KW - Pools KW - Convection development KW - Latent heat KW - Latent Heat KW - Cold pools KW - Moist static energy KW - Surface fluxes KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Specific Humidity KW - Cumulus clouds KW - Modelling KW - Marine KW - Heat flux KW - Water vapor in the atmosphere KW - Humidity KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Oceanic eddies KW - Large eddy simulations KW - Clouds KW - Oceans KW - General circulation models KW - Tropical environment KW - Rain KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732815313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+origin+of+water+vapor+rings+in+tropical+oceanic+cold+pools&rft.au=Langhans%2C+Wolfgang%3BRomps%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Langhans&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=7825&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL065623 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Clouds; Specific humidity; Tropical environment; Ocean-atmosphere system; Oceanic eddies; Atmospheric circulation; Modelling; Heat flux; Evaporation; Water vapor in the atmosphere; Tropical atmosphere; Humidity; Convection development; Large eddy simulations; Latent heat; Cold pools; General circulation models; Surface fluxes; Moist static energy; Cumulus clouds; Water Vapor; Oceans; Pools; Rain; Latent Heat; Specific Humidity; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065623 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An iT0UGH2 equation-of-state module for modeling supercritical conditions in geothermal reservoirs AN - 1732811011; PQ0002116928 AB - High enthalpy geothermal fluid is becoming more desirable for energy production with advancing technology. In this study, a new equation-of-state module termed EOS1sc was developed for iTOUGH2, to provide forward and inverse modeling capabilities at supercritical conditions. As a verification exercise, test cases of five-spot geothermal problems and of a cooling pluton were studied. The IAPWS-IF97 and IAPWS-95 thermodynamic formulations were examined, and results of EOS1sc were compared to other simulators. Advantages of EOS1sc over current geothermal simulators include higher operational range for pressure and temperature, better accuracy, higher computational speed, and/or inverse modeling capabilities. JF - Geothermics AU - Magnusdottir, Lilja AU - Finsterle, Stefan AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, lmagnusdottir@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 8 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 57 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Supercritical water KW - Magmatic intrusion KW - High enthalpy fluids KW - Numerical modeling KW - iTOUGH2 KW - Thermodynamics KW - Energy KW - Temperature KW - Reservoirs KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732811011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=An+iT0UGH2+equation-of-state+module+for+modeling+supercritical+conditions+in+geothermal+reservoirs&rft.au=Magnusdottir%2C+Lilja%3BFinsterle%2C+Stefan&rft.aulast=Magnusdottir&rft.aufirst=Lilja&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2015.05.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamics; Energy; Temperature; Reservoirs; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.05.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrologic issues associated with nuclear waste repositories AN - 1727697879; PQ0002169115 AB - Significant progress in hydrology, especially in subsurface flow and solute transport, has been made over the last 35 years because of sustained interest in underground nuclear waste repositories. The present paper provides an overview of the key hydrologic issues involved, and to highlight advances in their understanding and treatment because of these efforts. The focus is not on the development of radioactive waste repositories and their safety assessment, but instead on the advances in hydrologic science that have emerged from such studies. Work and results associated with three rock types, which are being considered to host the repositories, are reviewed, with a different emphasis for each rock type. The first rock type is fractured crystalline rock, for which the discussion will be mainly on flow and transport in saturated fractured rock. The second rock type is unsaturated tuff, for which the emphasis will be on flow from the shallow subsurface through the unsaturated zone to the repository. The third rock type is clay-rich formations, whose permeability is very low in an undisturbed state. In this case, the emphasis will be on hydrologic issues that arise from mechanical and thermal disturbances; i.e., on the relevant coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical processes. The extensive research results, especially those from multiyear large-scale underground research laboratory investigations, represent a rich body of information and data that can form the basis for further development in the related areas of hydrologic research. Key Points: * Hydrologic issues related to radioactive waste repositories reviewed * Progress in flow and solute transport in complex geologic media summarized * Geologic media considered include fractured rock, unsaturated zone, and clays JF - Water Resources Research AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Neretnieks, Ivars AU - Tsang, Yvonne AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 6923 EP - 6972 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 51 IS - 9 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Aeration Zone KW - Water resources KW - Hydrologic research KW - Subsurface flow KW - Solutes KW - Permeability KW - Assessments KW - Hydrology KW - Storm Seepage KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Laboratory experiments KW - Geologic Fractures KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Progress in hydrology KW - Laboratories KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Solute Transport KW - Water resources research KW - Groundwater Movement KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1727697879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Hydrologic+issues+associated+with+nuclear+waste+repositories&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BNeretnieks%2C+Ivars%3BTsang%2C+Yvonne&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=6923&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015WR017641 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Permeability; Solutes; Radioactive wastes; Water resources; Hydrology; Progress in hydrology; Hydrologic research; Subsurface flow; Water resources research; Laboratory experiments; Radioactive Wastes; Geologic Fractures; Aeration Zone; Assessments; Solute Transport; Laboratories; Storm Seepage; Hydrologic Data; Groundwater Movement DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017641 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MSE Minus CAPE is the True Conserved Variable for an Adiabatically Lifted Parcel AN - 1722180274; PQ0002014833 AB - For an adiabatic parcel convecting up or down through the atmosphere, it is often assumed that its moist static energy (MSE) is conserved. Here, it is shown that the true conserved variable for this process is MSE minus convective available potential energy (CAPE) calculated as the integral of buoyancy from the parcel's height to its level of neutral buoyancy and that this variable is conserved even when accounting for full moist thermodynamics and nonhydrostatic pressure forces. In the calculation of a dry convecting parcel, conservation of MSE minus CAPE gives the same answer as conservation of entropy and potential temperature, while the use of MSE alone can generate large errors. For a moist parcel, entropy and equivalent potential temperature give the same answer as MSE minus CAPE only if the parcel ascends in thermodynamic equilibrium. If the parcel ascends with a nonisothermal mixed-phase stage, these methods can give significantly different answers for the parcel buoyancy because MSE minus CAPE is conserved, while entropy and equivalent potential temperature are not. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Romps, David M AD - Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, and Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 3639 EP - 3646 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 72 IS - 9 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Convective-scale processes KW - Atmospheric sciences KW - Convective available potential energy KW - Atmosphere KW - Potential energy KW - Moist static energy KW - Entropy KW - Buoyancy KW - Thermodynamics KW - Temperature KW - Errors KW - Accounting KW - Thermodynamic equilibrium KW - Potential temperature KW - Energy KW - Equivalent potential temperature KW - Conservation KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09424:Applied economics KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722180274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=MSE+Minus+CAPE+is+the+True+Conserved+Variable+for+an+Adiabatically+Lifted+Parcel&rft.au=Romps%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Romps&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAS-D-15-0054.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamic equilibrium; Thermodynamics; Atmospheric sciences; Potential temperature; Entropy; Potential energy; Moist static energy; Equivalent potential temperature; Convective available potential energy; Conservation; Buoyancy; Energy; Temperature; Atmosphere; Errors; Accounting DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-15-0054.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Investigation on the Economic Feasibility of Macroalgae as a Potential Feedstock for Biorefineries AN - 1722178767; PQ0002073318 AB - Macroalgal biomass has been considered as a prospective feedstock for biofuel production as, among other benefits, it is an abundant source of renewable sugars and its growth does not require arable land, fresh water, or intense care. Successful commercial deployment of macroalgae-based biorefineries, however, depends on their economic viability at industrial scales. A key objective of this study was to carry out a detailed technoeoconomic analysis (TEA) of a macroalgae biorefinery to understand the economic potential and cost drivers of macroalgae as a feedstock for the production of biofuels and biochemicals. Ethanol was used as a representative macroalgae-derived product, given the wealth of public information available to model this option, and the analysis was extended to biomass-derived sugars in order to explore the production of other fermentation-derived chemicals. Sensitivity analysis was performed on various cost drivers, such as macroalgae price, yield, solids loading, and enzyme loading during hydrolysis. With a feedstock price of $100/MT, depending on the maturity of the other key process parameters (i.e., yield, solids loading, and enzyme loading), the minimum ethanol selling price (MESP) was observed to be in the range of $3.6-8.5/gal and reduced to $2.9-7.5/gal with macroalgae priced at $50/MT. For production of chemicals, sugar prices were in the range of [cent]21-47/lb or [cent]16-40/lb with macroalgae priced at $100/MT and $50/MT, respectively. Given the challenging economics of the macroalgae biorefinery, coproduction of alginate was used to show the importance of multiple revenue sources, though issues regarding market saturation continue to arise when dealing with products of disparate market sizes. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Konda, NVSNMurthy AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St., Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA, dklein@lbl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 1046 EP - 1056 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Chemicals KW - Fuel technology KW - Biochemistry KW - Models KW - Agricultural land KW - Alginic acid KW - Tea KW - Economics KW - Public information KW - Maturity KW - Tetraethylammonium KW - Ethanol KW - Sugar KW - Freshwater environments KW - Enzymes KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Biofuels KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722178767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=An+Investigation+on+the+Economic+Feasibility+of+Macroalgae+as+a+Potential+Feedstock+for+Biorefineries&rft.au=Konda%2C+NVSNMurthy%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BKlein-Marcuschamer%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Konda&rft.aufirst=NVSNMurthy&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1046&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9594-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Freshwater environments; Enzymes; Biomass; Hydrolysis; Models; Agricultural land; Alginic acid; Economics; Maturity; Tetraethylammonium; Biofuels; Ethanol; Chemicals; Feasibility studies; Fuel technology; Biochemistry; Sensitivity analysis; Tea; Public information DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9594-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genomic Analysis of Xylose Metabolism in Members of the Deinoccocus-Thermus Phylum from Thermophilic Biomass-Deconstructing Bacterial Consortia AN - 1722178460; PQ0002073319 AB - Members of the phylum Deinoccocus-Thermus are adapted to grow under extremes of temperature and radiation. Some of these members have broad applications in biotechnology. However, the specific role of members of Deinoccocus-Thermus in plant biomass deconstruction remains largely unknown. Adaptations of thermophilic communities to grow on plant biomass substrates as the sole carbon source have consistently produced consortia with abundant populations affiliated with the Deinoccocus-Thermus. One of these populations was closely related to cultured isolates of Thermus thermophilus, while the second population, termed NIC-1, was distantly related to Truepera radiovictrix. NIC-1 was abundant in adapted cultures grown on xylan-rich substrates, while the T. thermophilus was virtually absent. To begin to understand the origin of this selection, genomic comparisons of xylan and xylose metabolism were undertaken between NIC-1, recovered from the metagenome obtained from an ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX)-pretreated switchgrass-adapted consortium and a T. thermophilus isolate from a related high temperature switchgrass adaptation. While both genomes indicated relatively limited capabilities to hydrolyze xylan, the NIC-1 genome had a putative operon for xylose utilization, while xylose metabolism genes were absent from the T. thermophilus genome. Comparison of multiple T. thermophilus genomes indicated that the genes for xylose metabolism were present on a plasmid in only one strain. Inspection of metagenomic dataset for adapted communities that contain T. thermophilus indicated that the plasmid is present in the T. thermophilus populations but may be lost upon isolation. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Wu, Yu-Wei AU - Joshua, Chijioke AU - Eichorst, Stephanie A AU - Gladden, John M AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singer, Steven W AD - Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Fourth Floor, Emeryville, CA, USA, SWSinger@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 1031 EP - 1038 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Xylose KW - Carbon sources KW - Radiation KW - High temperature KW - Plant biomass KW - Temperature effects KW - Bacteria KW - Adaptations KW - Ammonia KW - Temperature KW - Biomass KW - Plasmids KW - Fibers KW - Adaptability KW - Xylan KW - Genomic analysis KW - Plant communities KW - Thermus thermophilus KW - Inspection KW - Operons KW - Biotechnology KW - Biofuels KW - Metabolism KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722178460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=Genomic+Analysis+of+Xylose+Metabolism+in+Members+of+the+Deinoccocus-Thermus+Phylum+from+Thermophilic+Biomass-Deconstructing+Bacterial+Consortia&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yu-Wei%3BJoshua%2C+Chijioke%3BEichorst%2C+Stephanie+A%3BGladden%2C+John+M%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSinger%2C+Steven+W&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yu-Wei&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1031&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9600-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Temperature effects; Xylose; Adaptations; Ammonia; Carbon sources; Plasmids; Biomass; Fibers; Radiation; Xylan; Genomic analysis; Plant communities; Operons; Metabolism; Adaptability; High temperature; Temperature; Plant biomass; Inspection; Biofuels; Biotechnology; Bacteria; Thermus thermophilus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9600-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How Alkyl Chain Length of Alcohols Affects Lignin Fractionation and Ionic Liquid Recycle During Lignocellulose Pretreatment AN - 1722177938; PQ0002073326 AB - Alcohols of increasing alkyl chain length were investigated as precipitants in an ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment system. Switchgrass samples pretreated by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate were characterized after the use of different alkyl chain lengths of alcohols as antisolvents. The resulting IL-pretreated switchgrass (PSG) samples were characterized by enzymatic hydrolysis, cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) super(13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Glucan digestibilities of PSG samples were 80 % after 72 h at 5 mg protein g super(-1) glucan regardless of the antisolvent used. The use of 1-octanol as an antisolvent, with 10 % water to allow for use of wet biomass, enabled a partial lignin fractionation and multiphase separation for the IL recycle without compromising the chemical structure of the carbohydrates and lignin from the PSG. Lignin fragments were observed in the IL after pretreatment by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). After separation, both the IL and the octanol antisolvent were reused for switchgrass pretreatment and precipitation for an additional 3 cycles. The PSG samples derived from recycled IL were rapidly hydrolyzed, and a high glucan digestibility of 80 % was obtained even at a low enzyme loading of 5 mg protein g super(-1) glucan. 2D NMR analysis of residual solids of PSG post-enzymatic hydrolysis revealed that lignin in these residual solids was depolymerized. This strategy enables an ease in separation of pretreated lignocellulosic solids, reduced water use, and recycle of both IL and the antisolvent. JF - BioEnergy Research AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Sawant, Manali AU - Truong, Quoc AU - Tan, Jared AU - Canlas, Christian G AU - Sun, Ning AU - Zhang, Wei AU - Renneckar, Scott AU - Prasomsri, Teerawit AU - Shi, Jian AU - Cetinkol, Oezguel AU - Singh, Seema AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - George, Anthe AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA, ageorge@lbl.gov PY - 2015 SP - 973 EP - 981 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1939-1234, 1939-1234 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Alcohol KW - Chromatography KW - Enzymes KW - Polarization KW - Spectroscopy KW - Biomass KW - Hydrolysis KW - Water use KW - Fourier transforms KW - Fractionation KW - Proteins KW - Carbohydrates KW - NMR KW - Biofuels KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722177938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioEnergy+Research&rft.atitle=How+Alkyl+Chain+Length+of+Alcohols+Affects+Lignin+Fractionation+and+Ionic+Liquid+Recycle+During+Lignocellulose+Pretreatment&rft.au=Sathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BSawant%2C+Manali%3BTruong%2C+Quoc%3BTan%2C+Jared%3BCanlas%2C+Christian+G%3BSun%2C+Ning%3BZhang%2C+Wei%3BRenneckar%2C+Scott%3BPrasomsri%2C+Teerawit%3BShi%2C+Jian%3BCetinkol%2C+Oezguel%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BGeorge%2C+Anthe&rft.aulast=Sathitsuksanoh&rft.aufirst=Noppadon&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=973&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioEnergy+Research&rft.issn=19391234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12155-015-9643-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alcohol; Chromatography; Enzymes; Biomass; Spectroscopy; Polarization; Hydrolysis; Water use; Fourier transforms; Fractionation; Proteins; NMR; Carbohydrates; Biofuels DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-015-9643-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling bacterial attenuation in on-site wastewater treatment systems using the active region model and column-scale data AN - 1717495339; PQ0001989530 AB - Bacterial attenuation in porous media is often higher in columns than in the field. This study investigates whether this inconsistency could be attributed to finger flow, as assessed by the active region model (ARM). It develops a numerical model of flow and transport of the fecal indicator Escherichia coli in a wastewater infiltration basin from the literature. Modeling was based on the traditional, uniform flow approach (Richard's equation) as well as the ARM, representing finger flow. The uniform flow model resulted in flow rates that decreased rapidly with filter depth and an underestimation of the observed average relative effluent concentration by three orders of magnitude. With the ARM, the flow rates remained high throughout the filter, more consistently with observations, and the relative effluent concentration (0.018) was relatively accurate in reproducing the field result (0.025). Considering a range of removal rates derived from laboratory studies, the ARM consistently enabled more accurate and conservative assessments of the filter efficiency; thus, results indicated that the ARM provides a more relevant approach to bacterial transport in wastewater infiltration basins with sandy, unstructured soils. JF - Environmental Earth Sciences AU - Engstrom, Emma AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Hydrogeology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA, emmaeng@kth.se Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 4827 EP - 4837 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 74 IS - 6 SN - 1866-6280, 1866-6280 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Soils (sandy) KW - Media (transport) KW - Uniform Flow KW - Basins KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Flow rates KW - Models KW - Soil KW - Flow Rates KW - Assessments KW - Soils KW - Escherichia coli KW - Sandy soils KW - Modelling KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Laboratories KW - Attenuation KW - Effluents KW - Model Studies KW - Finger KW - Filters KW - Infiltration KW - Waste water KW - Wastewater KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1717495339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.atitle=Modeling+bacterial+attenuation+in+on-site+wastewater+treatment+systems+using+the+active+region+model+and+column-scale+data&rft.au=Engstrom%2C+Emma%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai&rft.aulast=Engstrom&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=4827&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Earth+Sciences&rft.issn=18666280&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12665-015-4483-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Soils; Attenuation; Effluents; Wastewater treatment; Modelling; Filters; Soils (sandy); Data processing; Media (transport); Basins; Waste water; Finger; Models; Soil; Fecal coliforms; Infiltration; Sandy soils; Flow rates; Wastewater; Assessments; Flow Rates; Laboratories; Escherichia coli; Uniform Flow; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4483-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated assessment of water-energy and climate change in sacramento, california: how strong is the nexus? AN - 1712775628; PQ0001989356 AB - This paper is among the first to report on the full integration of basin-scale models that include projections of the demand and supply of water and energy for residential, commercial, industrial, and agricultural sector users. We link two widely used regional planning models that allow one to study the impact of rising climate variability on water and electricity use in Sacramento, California. Historic data combined with the current energy and water system configuration was used to assess the implications of changes in temperature and precipitation. Climate simulations suggest that electricity imports to the region would increase during hot dry spells, when regional power production is most constrained. In particular, regional imports of electricity would increase over 35 % in hot dry years, assuming a 4 degree C increase in average temperature and a 25 % decrease in average precipitation. JF - Climatic Change AU - Dale, Larry L AU - Karali, Nihan AU - Millstein, Dev AU - Carnall, Mike AU - Vicuna, Sebastian AU - Borchers, Nicolas AU - Bustos, Eduardo AU - O'Hagan, Joe AU - Purkey, David AU - Heaps, Charles AU - Sieber, Jack AU - Collins, William D AU - Sohn, Michael D AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Technologies Area, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, lldale@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 223 EP - 235 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 132 IS - 2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Historical account KW - Climate models KW - USA, California, Sacramento KW - Rainfall KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Temperature KW - Dry spells KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Electricity KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Numerical simulations KW - Climatic variability KW - Electric power generation KW - Energy KW - Imports KW - Regional planning KW - Modelling KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712775628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=An+integrated+assessment+of+water-energy+and+climate+change+in+sacramento%2C+california%3A+how+strong+is+the+nexus%3F&rft.au=Dale%2C+Larry+L%3BKarali%2C+Nihan%3BMillstein%2C+Dev%3BCarnall%2C+Mike%3BVicuna%2C+Sebastian%3BBorchers%2C+Nicolas%3BBustos%2C+Eduardo%3BO%27Hagan%2C+Joe%3BPurkey%2C+David%3BHeaps%2C+Charles%3BSieber%2C+Jack%3BCollins%2C+William+D%3BSohn%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=Dale&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-015-1370-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Climate change; Regional planning; Electricity; Ecosystem disturbance; Modelling; Climate models; Climatic variability; Numerical simulations; Dry spells; Precipitation; Historical account; Energy; Rainfall; Electric power generation; Climate; Temperature; Imports; Simulation; USA, California, Sacramento DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-015-1370-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering temporal accumulation of a low recalcitrance polysaccharide leads to increased C6 sugar content in plant cell walls AN - 1712768547; PQ0001915393 AB - Reduced cell wall recalcitrance and increased C6 monosaccharide content are desirable traits for future biofuel crops, as long as these biomass modifications do not significantly alter normal growth and development. Mixed-linkage glucan (MLG), a cell wall polysaccharide only present in grasses and related species among flowering plants, is comprised of glucose monomers linked by both beta -1,3 and beta -1,4 bonds. Previous data have shown that constitutive production of MLG in barley (Hordeum vulgare) severely compromises growth and development. Here, we used spatio-temporal strategies to engineer Arabidopsis thaliana plants to accumulate significant amounts of MLG in the cell wall by expressing the rice CslF6 MLG synthase using secondary cell wall and senescence-associated promoters. Results using secondary wall promoters were suboptimal. When the rice MLG synthase was expressed under the control of a senescence-associated promoter, we obtained up to four times more glucose in the matrix cell wall fraction and up to a 42% increase in saccharification compared to control lines. Importantly, these plants grew and developed normally. The induction of MLG deposition at senescence correlated with an increase of gluconic acid in cell wall extracts of transgenic plants in contrast to the other approaches presented in this study. MLG produced in Arabidopsis has an altered structure compared to the grass glucan, which likely affects its solubility, while its molecular size is unaffected. The induction of cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis in senescing tissues offers a novel engineering alternative to enhance cell wall properties of lignocellulosic biofuel crops. JF - Plant Biotechnology Journal AU - Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E AU - Loque, Dominique AU - Lao, Jeemeng AU - Catena, Michela AU - Verhertbruggen, Yves AU - Herter, Thomas AU - Yang, Fan AU - Harholt, Jesper AU - Ebert, Berit AU - Baidoo, Edward EK AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Scheller, Henrik V AU - Heazlewood, Joshua L AU - Ronald, Pamela C AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - Sep 2015 SP - 903 EP - 914 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 13 IS - 7 SN - 1467-7644, 1467-7644 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - Flowering KW - Sugar KW - Solubility KW - Data processing KW - Grasses KW - Glucose KW - monosaccharides KW - Biomass KW - Polysaccharides KW - Transgenic plants KW - Crops KW - Monomers KW - Promoters KW - Gluconic acid KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Plant cells KW - Arabidopsis KW - Senescence KW - Biofuels KW - glucans KW - Cell walls KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712768547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Biotechnology+Journal&rft.atitle=Engineering+temporal+accumulation+of+a+low+recalcitrance+polysaccharide+leads+to+increased+C6+sugar+content+in+plant+cell+walls&rft.au=Vega-Sanchez%2C+Miguel+E%3BLoque%2C+Dominique%3BLao%2C+Jeemeng%3BCatena%2C+Michela%3BVerhertbruggen%2C+Yves%3BHerter%2C+Thomas%3BYang%2C+Fan%3BHarholt%2C+Jesper%3BEbert%2C+Berit%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward+EK%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BScheller%2C+Henrik+V%3BHeazlewood%2C+Joshua+L%3BRonald%2C+Pamela+C&rft.aulast=Vega-Sanchez&rft.aufirst=Miguel&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=903&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Biotechnology+Journal&rft.issn=14677644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fpbi.12326 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flowering; Sugar; Data processing; Solubility; Grasses; Glucose; monosaccharides; Polysaccharides; Biomass; Crops; Transgenic plants; Monomers; Gluconic acid; Promoters; Plant cells; Senescence; glucans; Biofuels; Cell walls; Hordeum vulgare; Arabidopsis thaliana; Arabidopsis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12326 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of cell construction parameters on the performance of lithium/sulfur cells AN - 1709165866; PQ0001865163 AB - Current lithium-ion batteries are predicted to be unable to provide the specific energy required to meet the ever-increasing demands of rapidly emerging technologies. Due to a high theoretical specific capacity of 1675 mAh/g, sulfur has gained much attention as a promising positive electrode material for high specific energy rechargeable batteries. Although the lithium/sulfur cell has been studied for many years and continues to receive much attention today as an alternative power source for zero-emission vehicles and advanced electronic devices, the realization of this novel cell's promise as a commercial product has yet to be successful. The major problems with sulfur electrodes involve: (1) the dissolution of sulfur (as polysulfides) and the resulting diffusion of dissolved polysulfides and (2) the deposition of insulating products (including Li sub(2)S) on both the negative and the positive electrodes. These solid deposits can physically block the electrode reaction sites, thus passivating the electrode surfaces. Another important problem is the large volume change that occurs with the conversion of S to Li sub(2)S. It is important to understand that the performance of Li/S cells is hampered by linked chemical and mechanical degradations and both degradation mechanisms must be correctly alleviated in order to markedly improve current-technology Li/S cells. In this study, improved cycling performance via the reactive functional groups on graphene oxide to successfully immobilize sulfur and lithium polysulfides during operation has been demonstrated. The use of a new electrolyte and binder leads to improved cell performance in terms of high-rate capability (up to at least 2 C) and good reversibility (S [left right arrow] Li sub(2)S), yielding at least 800 cycles have also been demonstrated. copyright 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 2749-2756, 2015 JF - AICHE Journal AU - Song, Min-Kyu AU - Zhang, Yuegang AU - Cairns, Elton J AD - The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 2749 EP - 2756 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 61 IS - 9 SN - 0001-1541, 0001-1541 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Sulfur KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Degradation KW - Energy KW - Electrodes KW - Diffusion KW - Lithium KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709165866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AICHE+Journal&rft.atitle=Effects+of+cell+construction+parameters+on+the+performance+of+lithium%2Fsulfur+cells&rft.au=Song%2C+Min-Kyu%3BZhang%2C+Yuegang%3BCairns%2C+Elton+J&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=Min-Kyu&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2749&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AICHE+Journal&rft.issn=00011541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faic.14947 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur; Electrolytes; Degradation; Batteries; Energy; Electrodes; Diffusion; Lithium; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.14947 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FBXW7 negatively regulates ENO1 expression and function in colorectal cancer. AN - 1708157607; 26097998 AB - FBXW7 (F-box and WD40 domain protein 7) is a tumor suppressor frequently inactivated in human cancers. The precise molecular mechanisms by which FBXW7 exerts antitumor activity remain under intensive investigation and are thought to relate in part to FBXW7-mediated destruction of key cancer-relevant proteins. Enolase 1 (ENO1) possesses oncogenic activity and is often overexpressed in various human cancers, besides its critical role in glycolysis. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms of ENO1 expression remain unclear. Here we show that the elevated expression of ENO1 was identified in FBXW7-depletion HCT116 cells through two-dimensional protein electrophoresis and mass spectrometry assays (2DE-MS). Subsequent western blotting and immunohistochemical assays confirmed that ENO1 expression reversely correlates with FBXW7 expression in several cells and colon cancer tissues. Furthermore, we show that FBXW7 physically binds to ENO1 and targets ENO1 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Functionally, we found that FBXW7 suppresses the ENO1-induced gene expression, lactate production, cell proliferation and migration. These findings suggest that ENO1 is a novel substrate of FBXW7, and its activity can be negatively regulated by FBXW7 at the posttranslational level. Our work provides a novel molecular insight into FBXW7-directed tumor suppression through regulation of ENO1. JF - Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology AU - Zhan, Panpan AU - Wang, Yuli AU - Zhao, Shihu AU - Liu, Chunyan AU - Wang, Yunshan AU - Wen, Mingxin AU - Mao, Jian-Hua AU - Wei, Guangwei AU - Zhang, Pengju AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Shandong, P.R. China. ; Department of Anatomy and Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University School of Medicine, Shandong, P.R. China. ; Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 995 EP - 1004 VL - 95 IS - 9 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - 0 KW - Cell Cycle Proteins KW - DNA Primers KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - F-Box Proteins KW - Tumor Suppressor Proteins KW - Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases KW - EC 2.3.2.27 KW - ENO1 protein, human KW - EC 4.2.1.11 KW - Phosphopyruvate Hydratase KW - FBXW7 protein, human KW - EC 6.3.2.19 KW - Index Medicus KW - Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Regression Analysis KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Blotting, Western KW - DNA Primers -- genetics KW - Humans KW - Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional KW - HCT116 Cells KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- metabolism KW - Phosphopyruvate Hydratase -- metabolism KW - F-Box Proteins -- metabolism KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Tumor Suppressor Proteins -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- physiology KW - Colorectal Neoplasms -- physiopathology KW - Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- genetics KW - DNA-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Cell Cycle Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1708157607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Laboratory+investigation%3B+a+journal+of+technical+methods+and+pathology&rft.atitle=FBXW7+negatively+regulates+ENO1+expression+and+function+in+colorectal+cancer.&rft.au=Zhan%2C+Panpan%3BWang%2C+Yuli%3BZhao%2C+Shihu%3BLiu%2C+Chunyan%3BWang%2C+Yunshan%3BWen%2C+Mingxin%3BMao%2C+Jian-Hua%3BWei%2C+Guangwei%3BZhang%2C+Pengju&rft.aulast=Zhan&rft.aufirst=Panpan&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=995&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Laboratory+investigation%3B+a+journal+of+technical+methods+and+pathology&rft.issn=1530-0307&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Flabinvest.2015.71 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-11-17 N1 - Date created - 2015-08-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biosci Trends. 2013 Dec;7(6):259-63 [24390363] PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e82589 [24391718] Mol Cancer. 2014;13:65 [24650096] Gut. 2014 May;63(5):707-9 [24000292] Int J Oncol. 2014 Aug;45(2):764-70 [24841372] Clin Lung Cancer. 2014 Sep;15(5):372-8.e1 [24984566] J Proteomics. 2014 Sep 23;109:162-75 [24998431] Nature. 2004 Dec 9;432(7018):775-9 [15592418] Proteomics. 2005 Apr;5(6):1686-92 [15800975] Cancer Res. 2007 Oct 1;67(19):9006-12 [17909001] Nat Rev Cancer. 2008 Feb;8(2):83-93 [18094723] Leukemia. 2008 Apr;22(4):762-70 [18185524] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2008 Jun;64(Pt 6):651-7 [18560153] Oncogene. 2008 Jul 24;27(32):4411-21 [18391985] Science. 2008 Sep 12;321(5895):1499-502 [18787170] BMC Syst Biol. 2008;2:72 [18691435] Int J Oncol. 2008 Oct;33(4):725-31 [18813785] J Biol Chem. 2008 Nov 7;283(45):30540-8 [18765672] Cancer Cell. 2009 Jan 6;15(1):67-78 [19111882] J Mol Endocrinol. 2009 Mar;42(3):249-60 [19060179] Exp Cell Res. 2009 Jul 1;315(11):1832-9 [19084516] Br J Haematol. 2009 Apr;145(2):198-206 [19245433] Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010 Jun;121(3):539-53 [19655245] Eur J Cancer. 2010 Jun;46(9):1712-23 [20435467] Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010 Aug 30;325(1-2):110-7 [20538039] Gastroenterology. 2010 Sep;139(3):929-41 [20638938] J Proteome Res. 2013 Sep 6;12(9):3934-43 [23902561] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013 May 3;434(2):352-6 [23558291] Gastroenterology. 2013 May;144(5):1098-106 [23333712] Oncol Rep. 2013 Apr;29(4):1322-32 [23381546] Mol Endocrinol. 2012 Sep;26(9):1521-30 [22734040] Neural Dev. 2012;7:15 [22554084] J Immunol. 2012 Jul 1;189(1):365-72 [22623332] Clin Biochem. 2012 Jul;45(10-11):827-34 [22552009] Mol Cancer Res. 2012 Jun;10(6):834-44 [22513362] Cell Cycle. 2010 Jun 15;9(12):2412-22 [20562527] J Proteome Res. 2010 Nov 5;9(11):5757-69 [20873772] Int J Oncol. 2011 Feb;38(2):375-83 [21165559] J Pathol. 2011 Jun;224(2):180-9 [21503901] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.2015.71 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic metabolic change is indicative of inflammation-induced transformation of hepatic cells. AN - 1706209499; 26205150 AB - The observation that prolonged inflammation plays a causative role in cancer development has been well documented. However, an incremental process that leads from healthy to malignant phenotypes has not yet been described. Experimentally induced hepatocellular carcinoma is considered one of the representative laboratory models for studying this process. Hepatic exposure to viral infection or toxic reagents leads to chronic inflammation and gradual transformation into hepatocellular carcinoma. Here we present metabolomic profiles of hepatic cells at different stages during inflammation-induced cellular transformation by N-nitrosodiethylamine. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we quantitatively assessed the changes in cellular metabolites during the transformation process in hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Further pathway analysis of the differentially expressed metabolites showed that carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism were greatly altered in hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, respectively. Additionally, the enhanced inflammation in cirrhosis was associated with a shift from carbohydrate metabolism to lipid and amino acid metabolism. Among the differentially expressed metabolites found in diseased mouse livers, d-glucose and d-mannitol showed the most significant changes, highlighting them as potential early-diagnostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma development. Taken together, these investigations into the dynamic metabolic changes that occur during the precancerous stages of hepatocellular carcinoma add to and refine understanding of how chronic inflammation ultimately leads to cancer. Furthermore, the findings set the stage for identifying metabolites that may serve as early-diagnostic indicators of these unfolding events. JF - The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology AU - Peng, Bo AU - Liu, Fan AU - Han, Rong AU - Luo, George AU - Cathopoulis, Terry AU - Lu, Kun AU - Li, Xiao AU - Yang, Ling AU - Liu, Guo-Yan AU - Cai, Jian-Chun AU - Shi, Song-Lin AD - Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-8197, USA. ; Zhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, PR China; Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China. ; Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China. ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, USA. ; Zhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, PR China. ; Zhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, PR China. Electronic address: 103753999@qq.com. ; Zhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, PR China; Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China. Electronic address: shisonglin@xmu.edu.cn. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 45 EP - 58 VL - 66 KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - 0 KW - Pyrrolidines KW - Thiocarbamates KW - pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid KW - 25769-03-3 KW - Diethylnitrosamine KW - 3IQ78TTX1A KW - Index Medicus KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Biomarker KW - Metabolomics KW - Chronic inflammation KW - Hepatocellular carcinoma KW - Animals KW - Liver Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Liver Cirrhosis -- chemically induced KW - Hepatitis, Animal -- chemically induced KW - Humans KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Liver Cirrhosis -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- drug effects KW - Hepatitis, Animal -- metabolism KW - Metabolome -- drug effects KW - Liver Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Blotting, Western KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- metabolism KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- genetics KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Liver Cirrhosis -- metabolism KW - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular -- pathology KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Male KW - Liver Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Metabolomics -- methods KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury -- etiology KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Inflammation -- genetics KW - Inflammation -- metabolism KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury -- metabolism KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1706209499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+international+journal+of+biochemistry+%26+cell+biology&rft.atitle=Dynamic+metabolic+change+is+indicative+of+inflammation-induced+transformation+of+hepatic+cells.&rft.au=Peng%2C+Bo%3BLiu%2C+Fan%3BHan%2C+Rong%3BLuo%2C+George%3BCathopoulis%2C+Terry%3BLu%2C+Kun%3BLi%2C+Xiao%3BYang%2C+Ling%3BLiu%2C+Guo-Yan%3BCai%2C+Jian-Chun%3BShi%2C+Song-Lin&rft.aulast=Peng&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+international+journal+of+biochemistry+%26+cell+biology&rft.issn=1878-5875&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocel.2015.07.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-20 N1 - Date created - 2015-08-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2015.07.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shifts in oxidation states of cerium oxide nanoparticles detected inside intact hydrated cells and organelles. AN - 1689624165; 26056725 AB - Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) have been shown to induce diverse biological effects, ranging from toxic to beneficial. The beneficial effects have been attributed to the potential antioxidant activity of CNPs via certain redox reactions, depending on their oxidation state or Ce(3+)/Ce(4+) ratio. However, this ratio is strongly dependent on the environment and age of the nanoparticles and it is unclear whether and how the complex intracellular environment impacts this ratio and the possible redox reactions of CNPs. To identify any changes in the oxidation state of CNPs in the intracellular environment and better understand their intracellular reactions, we directly quantified the oxidation states of CNPs outside and inside intact hydrated cells and organelles using correlated scanning transmission x-ray and super resolution fluorescence microscopies. By analyzing hundreds of small CNP aggregates, we detected a shift to a higher Ce(3+)/Ce(4+) ratio in CNPs inside versus outside the cells, indicating a net reduction of CNPs in the intracellular environment. We further found a similar ratio in the cytoplasm and in the lysosomes, indicating that the net reduction occurs earlier in the internalization pathway. Together with oxidative stress and toxicity measurements, our observations identify a net reduction of CNPs in the intracellular environment, which is consistent with their involvement in potentially beneficial oxidation reactions, but also point to interactions that can negatively impact the health of the cells. JF - Biomaterials AU - Szymanski, Craig J AU - Munusamy, Prabhakaran AU - Mihai, Cosmin AU - Xie, Yumei AU - Hu, Dehong AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai AU - Baer, Donald R AU - Orr, Galya AD - Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. ; Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. Electronic address: galya.orr@pnnl.gov. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 147 EP - 154 VL - 62 KW - Cerium KW - 30K4522N6T KW - ceric oxide KW - 619G5K328Y KW - Index Medicus KW - Structured illumination microscopy KW - Oxidation state KW - STXM KW - Cerium oxide nanoparticles KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Materials Testing KW - Epithelial Cells -- chemistry KW - Organelles -- chemistry KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Cerium -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689624165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Shifts+in+oxidation+states+of+cerium+oxide+nanoparticles+detected+inside+intact+hydrated+cells+and+organelles.&rft.au=Szymanski%2C+Craig+J%3BMunusamy%2C+Prabhakaran%3BMihai%2C+Cosmin%3BXie%2C+Yumei%3BHu%2C+Dehong%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BThevuthasan%2C+Suntharampillai%3BBaer%2C+Donald+R%3BOrr%2C+Galya&rft.aulast=Szymanski&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=1878-5905&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2015.05.042 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-03-08 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Mol Cancer Ther. 2014 Jul;13(7):1740-9 [24825856] ACS Nano. 2013 Dec 23;7(12):10726-32 [24215500] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Sep;69(9):5543-54 [12957944] J Microsc. 1997 Nov;188(Pt 2):125-35 [9418270] Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul;113(7):823-39 [16002369] Nano Lett. 2005 Dec;5(12):2573-7 [16351218] Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 1;12(1):206-13 [16397044] J Phys Chem B. 2006 Feb 9;110(5):1959-63 [16471768] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Mar 31;342(1):86-91 [16480682] Int J Toxicol. 2006 Nov-Dec;25(6):451-7 [17132603] Biomaterials. 2007 Apr;28(10):1918-25 [17222903] Chem Commun (Camb). 2007 Mar 14;(10):1056-8 [17325804] Anal Chem. 2007 Mar 15;79(6):2221-9 [17288407] Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2008 Jan;68(1):129-37 [17881203] Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Jan;20(1):53-62 [18236223] Toxicology. 2008 Mar 12;245(1-2):90-100 [18243471] Biomaterials. 2008 Jun;29(18):2705-9 [18395249] Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Apr;20(6):547-66 [18444008] Nat Mater. 2008 Jul;7(7):588-95 [18500347] Nat Nanotechnol. 2006 Nov;1(2):142-50 [18654167] Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Jul 1;42(13):5014-9 [18678042] Small. 2008 Nov;4(11):2025-34 [18855973] Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2009 Jan 1;68(1):83-7 [18980834] ACS Nano. 2007 Dec;1(5):463-75 [19206668] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Apr 15;236(2):210-20 [19371605] Toxicol Lett. 2009 Jun 1;187(2):77-83 [19429248] Nanomedicine. 2009 Jun;5(2):225-31 [19285453] Inhal Toxicol. 2009 Jul;21 Suppl 1:123-30 [19558244] Langmuir. 2009 Aug 18;25(16):9064-70 [19572532] J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Oct 14;131(40):14144-5 [19769392] Small. 2009 Dec;5(24):2848-56 [19802857] Nanotechnology. 2010 Apr 9;21(14):145103 [20234082] Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Apr 28;46(16):2736-8 [20369166] Toxicol Sci. 2010 Aug;116(2):562-76 [20457660] Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Oct 7;46(37):6915-7 [20683524] Part Fibre Toxicol. 2010;7:28 [20920331] Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Dec;118(12):1699-706 [20729176] Biomaterials. 2011 Apr;32(11):2918-29 [21269688] PLoS One. 2011;6(2):e16733 [21364932] Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Apr 15;45(8):3725-30 [21428445] Neurobiol Dis. 2011 Jun;42(3):514-23 [21396448] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Jul;338(1):53-61 [21464334] ACS Nano. 2011 Jun 28;5(6):4537-49 [21612305] Biomaterials. 2011 Oct;32(28):6745-53 [21704369] Nanotoxicology. 2011 Sep;5(3):296-311 [20849212] Nanotoxicology. 2011 Sep;5(3):312-25 [20925443] ACS Nano. 2012 Jul 24;6(7):5820-9 [22717232] Biomaterials. 2012 Nov;33(31):7915-24 [22841920] Biomaterials. 2013 Mar;34(9):2194-201 [23266256] J Mol Cell Biol. 2013 Aug;5(4):214-26 [23918283] Biomaterials. 2014 Jan;35(1):249-58 [24140045] ACS Nano. 2013 Nov 26;7(11):9693-703 [24079896] Nanotoxicology. 2015 Feb;9(1):9-22 [24289294] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.05.042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitric oxide contributes to minerals absorption, proton pumps and hormone equilibrium under cadmium excess in Trifolium repens L. plants. AN - 1689311854; 25966334 AB - Nitric oxide (NO) is a stress-signaling molecule in plants that mediates a wide range of physiological processes and responses to metal toxicity. In this work, various NO modulators (NO donor: SNP; NO scavenger: cPTIO; NO synthase inhibitor: l-NAME; and SNP analogs: sodium nitrite/nitrate and sodium ferrocyanide) were investigated to determine the role of NO in Trifolium repens L. plants exposed to Cd. Cd (100μM) markedly reduced biomass, NO production and chlorophyll (Chl a, Chl b and total Chl) concentration but stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Cd accumulation in plants. SNP (50μM) substantially attenuated growth inhibition, reduced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels, stimulated ROS-scavenging enzymes/agents, and mitigated the H(+)-ATPase inhibition in proton pumps. Interestingly, SNP considerably up-regulated the levels of jasmonic acid (JA) and proline in plant tissues but down-regulated the levels of ethylene (ET) in both shoots and roots and the level of salicylic acid (SA) in roots only, which might be related to the elevated NO synthesis. Additionally, SNP (25-200μM) regulated mineral absorption and, particularly at 50μM, significantly enhanced the uptake of shoot magnesium (Mg) and copper (Cu) and of root calcium (Ca), Mg and iron (Fe). Nevertheless, the effects of SNP on plant growth were reversed by cPTIO and l-NAME, suggesting that the protective effect of SNP might be associated with NO synthesis in vivo. Moreover, SNP analogs did not display roles similar to that of SNP. These results indicated that NO depleted Cd toxicity by eliminating oxidative damage, enhancing minerals absorption, regulating proton pumps, and maintaining hormone equilibrium. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - Liu, Shiliang AU - Yang, Rongjie AU - Pan, Yuanzhi AU - Ma, Mingdong AU - Pan, Jiang AU - Zhao, Yan AU - Cheng, Qingsu AU - Wu, Mengxi AU - Wang, Maohua AU - Zhang, Lin AD - College of Landscape Architecture and Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China. ; College of Landscape Architecture and Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China. Electronic address: 610245498@qq.com. ; Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; College of Landscape Architecture and Ornamental Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-754, South Korea. ; Kunming Botany Institute, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Kunming 650201, PR China. Y1 - 2015/09// PY - 2015 DA - September 2015 SP - 35 EP - 46 VL - 119 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Minerals KW - Nitric Oxide Donors KW - Plant Growth Regulators KW - Proton Pumps KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Chlorophyll KW - 1406-65-1 KW - Nitric Oxide KW - 31C4KY9ESH KW - Malondialdehyde KW - 4Y8F71G49Q KW - Hydrogen Peroxide KW - BBX060AN9V KW - Adenosine Triphosphatases KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Salicylic Acid KW - O414PZ4LPZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Minerals absorption KW - Trifolium repens L. KW - Hormone equilibrium KW - Cadmium excess KW - Proton pumps KW - Nitric oxide KW - Nitric Oxide Donors -- pharmacology KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - Malondialdehyde -- pharmacology KW - Antioxidants -- metabolism KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Salicylic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Plant Roots -- drug effects KW - Chlorophyll -- metabolism KW - Hydrogen Peroxide -- metabolism KW - Oxidative Stress -- drug effects KW - Adenosine Triphosphatases -- metabolism KW - Cadmium -- metabolism KW - Trifolium -- physiology KW - Trifolium -- drug effects KW - Proton Pumps -- physiology KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Trifolium -- metabolism KW - Plant Growth Regulators -- metabolism KW - Nitric Oxide -- metabolism KW - Nitric Oxide -- physiology KW - Minerals -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689311854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Nitric+oxide+contributes+to+minerals+absorption%2C+proton+pumps+and+hormone+equilibrium+under+cadmium+excess+in+Trifolium+repens+L.+plants.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Shiliang%3BYang%2C+Rongjie%3BPan%2C+Yuanzhi%3BMa%2C+Mingdong%3BPan%2C+Jiang%3BZhao%2C+Yan%3BCheng%2C+Qingsu%3BWu%2C+Mengxi%3BWang%2C+Maohua%3BZhang%2C+Lin&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Shiliang&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=1090-2414&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecoenv.2015.04.053 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-02-04 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.04.053 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geologic carbon storage remains a safe strategy to significantly reduce CO (sub 2) emissions AN - 1832616441; 778835-2 JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Vilarrasa, Victor AU - Carrera, Jesus Y1 - 2015/08/18/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 18 SP - 1 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 112 IS - 33 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832616441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Geologic+carbon+storage+remains+a+safe+strategy+to+significantly+reduce+CO+%28sub+2%29+emissions&rft.au=Vilarrasa%2C+Victor%3BCarrera%2C+Jesus&rft.aulast=Vilarrasa&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2015-08-18&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=E4511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1511302112 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1511302112 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bayesian chronological analyses consistent with synchronous age of 12,835-12,735 Cal B.P. for Younger Dryas boundary on four continents AN - 1832603337; 778834-1 JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Kennett, James P AU - Kennett, Douglas J AU - Culleton, Brendan J AU - Tortosa, J Emili Aura AU - Bischoff, James L AU - Bunch, Ted E AU - Daniel, I Randolph, Jr AU - Erlandson, Jon M AU - Ferraro, David AU - Firestone, Richard b AU - Goodyear, Albert C AU - Israde-Alcantara, Isabel AU - Johnson, Johns R AU - Pardo, Jesus F Jorda AU - Kimbel, David R AU - LeCompte, Malcolm A AU - Lopinot, Neal H AU - Mahaney, William C AU - Moore, Andrew M T AU - Moore, Christopher R AU - Ray, Jack H AU - Stafford, Thomas W, Jr AU - Tankersley, Kenneth Barnett AU - Wittke, James H AU - Wolbach, Wendy S AU - West, Allen Y1 - 2015/08/11/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 11 SP - E4344 EP - E4353 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 112 IS - 32 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832603337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Bayesian+chronological+analyses+consistent+with+synchronous+age+of+12%2C835-12%2C735+Cal+B.P.+for+Younger+Dryas+boundary+on+four+continents&rft.au=Kennett%2C+James+P%3BKennett%2C+Douglas+J%3BCulleton%2C+Brendan+J%3BTortosa%2C+J+Emili+Aura%3BBischoff%2C+James+L%3BBunch%2C+Ted+E%3BDaniel%2C+I+Randolph%2C+Jr%3BErlandson%2C+Jon+M%3BFerraro%2C+David%3BFirestone%2C+Richard+b%3BGoodyear%2C+Albert+C%3BIsrade-Alcantara%2C+Isabel%3BJohnson%2C+Johns+R%3BPardo%2C+Jesus+F+Jorda%3BKimbel%2C+David+R%3BLeCompte%2C+Malcolm+A%3BLopinot%2C+Neal+H%3BMahaney%2C+William+C%3BMoore%2C+Andrew+M+T%3BMoore%2C+Christopher+R%3BRay%2C+Jack+H%3BStafford%2C+Thomas+W%2C+Jr%3BTankersley%2C+Kenneth+Barnett%3BWittke%2C+James+H%3BWolbach%2C+Wendy+S%3BWest%2C+Allen&rft.aulast=Kennett&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-08-11&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=32&rft.spage=E4344&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1507146112 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1507146112 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - miR-98 and its host gene Huwe1 target Caspase-3 in Silica nanoparticles-treated male germ cells. AN - 1703721358; 26263183 AB - Silica nanoparticles (NP) is one of the most commonly used nanomaterials with potential health hazards. However, the effects of Silica NP on germ cells and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, GC-2 and TM-4, which are two different types of male germ cells were exposed to Silica NP for 24h, and then general cytotoxicity and multi-parameter cytotoxicity were evaluated. Our results showed that Silica NP could induce apoptosis in GC-2 cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that Silica NP was localized in the lysosomes of GC-2 cells. High content screening (HCS) showed that Silica NP exposure could increased cell permeabilization and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in GC-2 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of apoptosis markers (Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9) in GC-2 cells were significantly increased, while Bcl-2 was decreased. Accordingly, the expression level of miR-98, which can regulate Caspase-3, was significantly decreased. Huwe1, the host gene of miR-98, was positively associated with miR-98 expression after Silica NP exposure. Dual luciferase reporter assay suggested that miR-98 directly targets Caspase-3. These results suggest that Silica NP induces apoptosis via loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and Caspase-3 activation, while miR-98 plays key role in modulating this effect. JF - Scientific reports AU - Xu, Bo AU - Mao, Zhilei AU - Ji, Xiaoli AU - Yao, Mengmeng AU - Chen, Minjian AU - Zhang, Xuemei AU - Hang, Bo AU - Liu, Yi AU - Tang, Wei AU - Tang, Qiusha AU - Xia, Yankai AD - 1] State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China [2] Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China [3] Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Wuxi Clinical School of Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangyin 214400, China. ; 1] State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China [2] Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. ; Department of Cancer &DNA Damage Responses, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Wuxi Clinical School of Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangyin 214400, China. ; Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China. Y1 - 2015/08/11/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 11 SP - 12938 VL - 5 KW - MIRN98 microRNA, mouse KW - 0 KW - MicroRNAs KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Luciferases KW - EC 1.13.12.- KW - Huwe1 protein, mouse KW - EC 2.3.2.26 KW - Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases KW - EC 2.3.2.27 KW - Caspase 3 KW - EC 3.4.22.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission KW - Animals KW - Genes, Reporter KW - Mice KW - Luciferases -- genetics KW - Male KW - Cell Line KW - Silicon Dioxide -- pharmacology KW - Caspase 3 -- genetics KW - MicroRNAs -- genetics KW - Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases -- genetics KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects KW - Nanoparticles KW - Silicon Dioxide -- chemistry KW - Caspase 3 -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703721358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=miR-98+and+its+host+gene+Huwe1+target+Caspase-3+in+Silica+nanoparticles-treated+male+germ+cells.&rft.au=Xu%2C+Bo%3BMao%2C+Zhilei%3BJi%2C+Xiaoli%3BYao%2C+Mengmeng%3BChen%2C+Minjian%3BZhang%2C+Xuemei%3BHang%2C+Bo%3BLiu%2C+Yi%3BTang%2C+Wei%3BTang%2C+Qiusha%3BXia%2C+Yankai&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=2015-08-11&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=12938&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep12938 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-08-26 N1 - Date created - 2015-08-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2012 Oct 1;98:91-6 [22659209] Part Fibre Toxicol. 2010;7:1 [20180970] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Jan;1830(1):2256-66 [23046978] Toxicol In Vitro. 2013 Feb;27(1):24-33 [22985735] Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2012 Oct;33(196):229-32 [23272613] Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2012;58(1):196-203 [23273212] FEBS Lett. 2013 Mar 1;587(5):488-95 [23337879] Nanotoxicology. 2013 May;7(3):259-73 [22276741] Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 Jun 1;21(11):2960-7 [23632366] J Med Chem. 2013 May 23;56(10):3768-82 [23600925] PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e74968 [24098361] Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014 Nov;38(3):1025-33 [25461564] Nanotoxicology. 2015 Feb;9(1):9-22 [24289294] Trends Cell Biol. 2000 Sep;10(9):369-77 [10932094] Apoptosis. 2003 Mar;8(2):115-28 [12766472] Lancet Oncol. 2003 Dec;4(12):721-9 [14662428] Nucleic Acids Res. 2005;33(4):1290-7 [15741182] Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul;113(7):823-39 [16002369] Langmuir. 2005 Nov 8;21(23):10644-54 [16262332] Oncogene. 2006 Oct 9;25(46):6176-87 [17028597] Toxicol In Vitro. 2010 Apr;24(3):751-8 [20060462] Brain Res. 2010 Sep 17;1352:255-64 [20633539] Biomaterials. 2011 Jun;32(16):4030-41 [21371748] Nat Nanotechnol. 2011 May;6(5):321-8 [21460826] ACS Nano. 2011 Jul 26;5(7):5717-28 [21630682] Nanotoxicology. 2011 Sep;5(3):393-405 [20868236] Toxicol In Vitro. 2011 Dec;25(8):1619-29 [21723938] ACS Nano. 2012 Jul 24;6(7):5845-57 [22721453] Arthritis Res Ther. 2004;6(4):R373-83 [15225373] J Cell Biol. 1999 Jan 25;144(2):281-92 [9922454] Cell Death Differ. 1998 Mar;5(3):214-21 [10200467] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006 Dec 15;217(3):252-9 [17112558] Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Mar 15;41(6):2064-8 [17410806] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Apr 15;228(2):200-11 [18261754] Toxicol Lett. 2008 Jul 10;179(3):130-9 [18547751] Toxicology. 2009 Jan 8;255(1-2):33-7 [18973786] Cancer Res. 2009 Feb 1;69(3):1135-42 [19155302] Small. 2009 Apr;5(7):846-53 [19288475] Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2009 Aug;72(3):496-501 [19232391] Anal Chim Acta. 2009 Aug 4;647(1):14-30 [19576381] Toxicol In Vitro. 2009 Aug;23(5):808-15 [19401228] Brain Res Bull. 2009 Oct 28;80(4-5):268-73 [19683563] Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Nov;29(21):5923-40 [19703993] Adv Food Nutr Res. 2009;58:183-213 [19878860] Int J Biol Sci. 2012;8(3):394-405 [22393311] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep12938 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Climate warming and soil carbon cycling: Emergent responses across time and space T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731766356; 6361351 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Torn, Margaret Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Soil KW - Climatic changes KW - Carbon cycle KW - Global warming UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731766356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Climate+warming+and+soil+carbon+cycling%3A+Emergent+responses+across+time+and+space&rft.au=Torn%2C+Margaret&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Trait-based models as the nexus between environmental genomics and ecosystem biogeochemistry T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731766289; 6363332 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Brodie, Eoin Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Biogeochemistry KW - genomics KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731766289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Trait-based+models+as+the+nexus+between+environmental+genomics+and+ecosystem+biogeochemistry&rft.au=Brodie%2C+Eoin&rft.aulast=Brodie&rft.aufirst=Eoin&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Enabling sustainable growth of plants exploiting plant-microbe interactions T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731765599; 6363518 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Chakraborty, Romy Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Growth KW - Plant growth UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731765599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Enabling+sustainable+growth+of+plants+exploiting+plant-microbe+interactions&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+Romy&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=Romy&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Linking an ecosystem demography model to CLM as a basis for representing carbon cycling dynamics in tropical forests T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731765005; 6361855 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Holm, Jennifer AU - Knox, Ryan AU - Koven, Charles AU - Riley, William AU - Fisher, Rosie AU - Chambers, Jeff Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Demography KW - Tropical forests KW - Carbon cycle KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731765005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Linking+an+ecosystem+demography+model+to+CLM+as+a+basis+for+representing+carbon+cycling+dynamics+in+tropical+forests&rft.au=Holm%2C+Jennifer%3BKnox%2C+Ryan%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BRiley%2C+William%3BFisher%2C+Rosie%3BChambers%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Holm&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hydrology defines microbial communities and functions across polygon types at the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE)-Arctic Barrow site T2 - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AN - 1731762816; 6362059 JF - 100th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2015) AU - Tas, Neslihan AU - Smith, Lydia AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Tringe, Susannah AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Jansson, Janet Y1 - 2015/08/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Aug 09 KW - Hydrology KW - Microbial activity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1731762816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.atitle=Hydrology+defines+microbial+communities+and+functions+across+polygon+types+at+the+Next+Generation+Ecosystem+Experiment+%28NGEE%29-Arctic+Barrow+site&rft.au=Tas%2C+Neslihan%3BSmith%2C+Lydia%3BWu%2C+Yuxin%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BTringe%2C+Susannah%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BJansson%2C+Janet&rft.aulast=Tas&rft.aufirst=Neslihan&rft.date=2015-08-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=100th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-06 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution of injected CO (sub 2) in a stratified saline reservoir accounting for coupled wellbore-reservoir flow AN - 1849304775; 2016-108684 AB - Geological storage in sedimentary basins is considered a viable technology in mitigating atmospheric CO (sub 2) emissions. Alternating high and low permeability strata are common in these basins. The distribution of injected CO (sub 2) among such layers affects e.g. CO (sub 2) storage efficiency, capacity and plume footprint. A numerical study on the distribution of injected CO (sub 2) into a multi-layered reservoir, accounting for coupled wellbore-reservoir flow, was carried out using the T2Well/ECO2N code. A site-specific case as well as a more general case were considered. Properties and processes governing the distribution of sequestrated CO (sub 2) were identified and the potential to operationally modify the distribution was investigated. The distribution of CO (sub 2) was seen to differ from that of injected water, i.e. it was not proportional to the transmissivity of the layers. The results indicate that caution should be taken when performing numerical simulations of CO (sub 2) injection into layered formations. Ignoring coupled wellbore-reservoir flow and instead adopting a simple boundary condition at the injection well, such as an inflow rate proportional to the transmissivity of each layer, may result in significant underestimation of the proportion of CO (sub 2) ending up in the shallower layers, as not all relevant processes are accounted for. This discrepancy has been thoroughly investigated and quantified for several CO (sub 2) sequestration scenarios. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Greenhouse Gases AU - Rasmusson, Kristina AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Tsang, Yvonne AU - Rasmusson, Maria AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Fagerlund, Fritjof AU - Bensabat, Jacob AU - Niemi, Auli Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 419 EP - 436 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Sussex VL - 5 IS - 4 KW - sedimentary basins KW - Israel KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - layered materials KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - mitigation KW - basins KW - Asia KW - saline composition KW - Middle East KW - toxic materials KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - injection KW - pollution KW - rates KW - porosity KW - boundary conditions KW - aquifers KW - transmissivity KW - saturation KW - theoretical models KW - shallow aquifers KW - reservoir properties KW - Heletz Test Site KW - greenhouse gases KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849304775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+injected+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+a+stratified+saline+reservoir+accounting+for+coupled+wellbore-reservoir+flow&rft.au=Rasmusson%2C+Kristina%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BTsang%2C+Yvonne%3BRasmusson%2C+Maria%3BPan%2C+Lehua%3BFagerlund%2C+Fritjof%3BBensabat%2C+Jacob%3BNiemi%2C+Auli&rft.aulast=Rasmusson&rft.aufirst=Kristina&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases&rft.issn=2152-3878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1477 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292152-3878 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Asia; basins; boundary conditions; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; greenhouse gases; Heletz Test Site; injection; Israel; layered materials; Middle East; mitigation; numerical models; permeability; pollution; porosity; preferential flow; rates; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saline composition; saturation; sedimentary basins; shallow aquifers; simulation; theoretical models; toxic materials; transmissivity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1477 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dual-continuum multicomponent reactive transport with nth-order solute transfer terms for structured porous media AN - 1824215306; 2016-084482 AB - The dual-continuum model (DCM) is a type of modeling approach often used to interpret anomalous and non-ergodic solute transport in which the breakthrough curve cannot be explained by the classical advection-dispersion equation. Experimental studies show that bentonites have a macro-porous domain containing free water and a micro-porous domain containing double-layer and interlayer water. Therefore, a DCM could be needed to describe water flow, solute transport, and chemical reactions through compacted bentonite. In most DCMs, the mass exchange between domains is based on a lumped first-order solute transfer term which is not always accurate. An nth-order solute transfer term for dual-continuum flow and reactive transport model for structured porous media is proposed here. The value of n is derived from the approximation of the analytical solution of diffusion through a thin slab. The parameters of DCMs are obtained by an inverse methodology. Solute transfer terms for compacted bentonite have been evaluated for 1-D and 2-D synthetic cases by solving the inverse problem for several values of n. The best results are obtained with an n of 0.72 and a scale term of 2.5. The reactive transport DCM has been tested with data from a permeability test conducted on a sample of full-scale engineered barrier experiment (FEBEX) bentonite. By accounting for the solute flux across the micro-macro interface, the DCM overcomes the limitations of the single-continuum model (SCM) which fails to reproduce the long tails of the breakthrough curves of most chemical species of this test. The exponent n and the scaling factor were estimated from Cl (super -) data. They are similar to those obtained from the 2-D synthetic case, thus indicating that the exponent and the scaling factor derived for the FEBEX bentonite could be used for other compacted bentonites. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Samper, Javier Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 709 EP - 726 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 KW - solute transport KW - FEBEX KW - experimental studies KW - bentonite KW - engineering properties KW - data KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - ground water KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - reactive transport KW - breakthrough curves KW - clastic rocks KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1824215306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Dual-continuum+multicomponent+reactive+transport+with+nth-order+solute+transfer+terms+for+structured+porous+media&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Liange%3BSamper%2C+Javier&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Liange&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=709&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-015-9477-8 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bentonite; breakthrough curves; clastic rocks; data; engineering properties; experimental studies; FEBEX; ground water; laboratory studies; mathematical models; models; pore water; porous materials; reactive transport; sedimentary rocks; solute transport; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-015-9477-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Finite element modelling of transient electromagnetic fields near steel-cased wells AN - 1769969065; 2016-018976 AB - Wells and boreholes are routinely steel-cased in oil and gas fields and geological storage sites. There have been a number of studies on the effects of a steel-cased well on various electrical and electromagnetic (EM) geophysical methods. In this paper, we examine the use of a steel-cased well as a virtual vertical electric source for sensing deep localized resistive (e.g. CO (sub 2) , oil and gas) and conductive (e.g. conductive-proppant-filled fractures) targets when concentric electric sources are grounded around the collar of the well. To simulate the casing effects, we present a 3-D finite-element time-domain (FETD) algorithm with tetrahedral elements. The FETD algorithm is designed to reduce memory usage in adaptive time stepping by utilizing parallel direct and iterative solvers appropriately together. To avoid a larger number of tiny elements required for discretizing a thin wall of the casing, the hollow casing is approximated with a rectangular prism. By not discretizing the thin wall of and the curvature of the round casing, the approximation not only reduces the number of unknowns by an order of magnitude but also improves overall mesh qualities. We show that surface EM responses over the hollow casing and the prism are practically the same. Through FETD modelling of a rectangular prism as an approximation of a steel casing, we demonstrate that a steel casing can serve as a conduit through which a high concentration of electrical currents can flow downward from the surface, interact with deep localized reservoirs/fractures and produce a measurable perturbation in the surface EM fields. Concentric electric sources can further improve both the sensitivity to the deep targets and the overall magnitude of surface EM fields. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Um, Evan Schankee AU - Commer, Michael AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Hoversten, G Michael Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 901 EP - 913 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 202 IS - 2 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - transient methods KW - numerical models KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - downhole methods KW - oil and gas fields KW - models KW - finite element analysis KW - electromagnetic methods KW - algorithms KW - accuracy KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769969065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Finite+element+modelling+of+transient+electromagnetic+fields+near+steel-cased+wells&rft.au=Um%2C+Evan+Schankee%3BCommer%2C+Michael%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=202&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgji%2Fggv193 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; algorithms; data processing; downhole methods; electromagnetic methods; finite element analysis; geophysical methods; models; numerical models; oil and gas fields; transient methods; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv193 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular dynamics simulations of pyrophyllite edge surfaces; structure, surface energies, and solvent accessibility AN - 1752579517; 2016-002138 AB - Atomistic simulations of 2:1 clay minerals based on parameterized forcefields have been applied successfully to provide a detailed description of the interfacial structure and dynamics of basal planes and interlayers, but have made limited progress in exploring the edge surfaces of these ubiquitous layer-type aluminosilicates. In the present study, molecular dynamics simulations and energy-minimization calculations of the edge surfaces using the fully flexible CLAYFF forcefield are reported. Pyrophyllite provides an ideal prototype for the 2:1 clay-mineral edge surface because it possesses no structural charge, thus rendering the basal planes inert, while crystal-growth theory can be applied to identify two major candidates for the structure of the edge surfaces. Models based on these candidate structures reproduced bulk crystal bond distances accurately when compared to X-ray data and ab initio molecular simulations, and the predicted edge surface bond distances were in agreement with those determined via ab initio simulation. The calculated surface free energy and surface stress led to an accurate prediction of pyrophyllite nanoparticle morphology, while surface excess energies calculated for the edge surfaces were always negative. These results are consistent with the observed pyrophyllite nanoparticle morphology, with the concept of negative interfacial energies, and conditions that may give rise to them including a role in the stabilization of layer-type nanoparticulate minerals. Molecular dynamics simulations of hydrated nanoparticle edge surfaces indicated five reactive surface oxygen sites on the dominant candidate edge, in agreement with a recent model of proton titration data for 2:1 clay minerals. These promising results illustrate the potential for classical mechanical atomistic simulations that explore edge surface phenomena at much greater length- and times-scales than are currently possible with computationally expensive ab initio methods. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Newton, Aric G AU - Sposito, Garrison Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 277 EP - 289 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Chantilly, VA VL - 63 IS - 4 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - pyrophyllite KW - pollutants KW - clay mineralogy KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - nutrients KW - absorption KW - biogenic processes KW - solvents KW - aluminosilicates KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - molecular dynamics KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Molecular+dynamics+simulations+of+pyrophyllite+edge+surfaces%3B+structure%2C+surface+energies%2C+and+solvent+accessibility&rft.au=Newton%2C+Aric+G%3BSposito%2C+Garrison&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.aufirst=Aric&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2015.0630403 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; aluminosilicates; biogenic processes; chemical properties; clay mineralogy; colloidal materials; experimental studies; geochemistry; molecular dynamics; nutrients; pollutants; pollution; pyrophyllite; sheet silicates; silicates; simulation; solvents; surface properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2015.0630403 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tolerance engineering in bacteria for the production of advanced biofuels and chemicals AN - 1727673072; PQ0002147490 AB - During microbial production of solvent-like compounds, such as advanced biofuels and bulk chemicals, accumulation of the final product can negatively impact the cultivation of the host microbe and limit the production levels. Consequently, improving solvent tolerance is becoming an essential aspect of engineering microbial production strains. Mechanisms ranging from chaperones to transcriptional factors have been used to obtain solvent-tolerant strains. However, alleviating growth inhibition does not invariably result in increased production. Transporters specifically have emerged as a powerful category of proteins that bestow tolerance and often improve production but are difficult targets for cellular expression. Here we review strain engineering, primarily as it pertains to bacterial solvent tolerance, and the benefits and challenges associated with the expression of membrane-localized transporters in improving solvent tolerance and production. JF - Trends in Microbiology AU - Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA PY - 2015 SP - 498 EP - 508 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 23 IS - 8 SN - 0966-842X, 0966-842X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - solvent tolerance KW - bacterial host engineering KW - biofuel production KW - efflux pump KW - transporters KW - Bacteria KW - Reviews KW - Transcription factors KW - Solvents KW - Transcription KW - Chaperones KW - Biofuels KW - W 30940:Products KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1727673072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Tolerance+engineering+in+bacteria+for+the+production+of+advanced+biofuels+and+chemicals&rft.au=Mukhopadhyay%2C+Aindrila&rft.aulast=Mukhopadhyay&rft.aufirst=Aindrila&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Microbiology&rft.issn=0966842X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.tim.2015.04.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transcription factors; Reviews; Solvents; Transcription; Chaperones; Biofuels; Bacteria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2015.04.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An electrochemical engineering assessment of the operational conditions and constraints for solar-driven water-splitting systems at near-neutral pH AN - 1712773592; PQ0001972719 AB - The solution transport losses in a one-dimensional solar-driven water-splitting cell that operates in either concentrated acid, dilute acid, or buffered near-neutral pH electrolytes have been evaluated using a mathematical model that accounts for diffusion, migration and convective transport, as well as for bulk electrochemical reactions in the electrolyte. The Ohmic resistance loss, the Nernstian potential loss associated with pH gradients at the surface of the electrode, and electrodialysis in different electrolytes were assessed quantitatively in a stagnant cell as well as in a bubble-convected cell, in which convective mixing occurred due to product-gas evolution. In a stagnant cell that did not have convective mixing, small limiting current densities (<3 mA cm super(-2)) and significant polarization losses derived from pH gradients were present in dilute acid as well as in near-neutral pH buffered electrolytes. In contrast, bubble-convected cells exhibited a significant increase in the limiting current density, and a significant reduction of the concentration overpotentials. In a bubble-convected cell, minimal solution transport losses were present in membrane-free cells, in either buffered electrolytes or in unbuffered solutions with pH less than or equal to 1. However, membrane-free cells lack a mechanism for product-gas separation, presenting significant practical and engineering impediments to the deployment of such systems. To produce an intrinsically safe cell, an ion-exchange membrane was incorporated into the cell. The accompanying solution losses, especially the pH gradients at the electrode surfaces, were modeled and simulated for such a system. Hence this work describes the general conditions under which intrinsically safe, efficient solar-driven water-splitting cells can be operated. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Singh, Meenesh R AU - Papadantonakis, Kimberly AU - Xiang, Chengxiang AU - Lewis, Nathan S AD - Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley CA 94720; USA; , cxx@caltech.edu PY - 2015 SP - 2760 EP - 2767 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 8 IS - 9 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Membranes KW - Mathematical models KW - Convective mixing KW - Environmental sciences KW - Polarization KW - Migration KW - Energy KW - Electrodes KW - Diffusion KW - Electrochemistry KW - Convective transport KW - Ion exchange KW - pH KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.511:Mechanics and Thermodynamics of the Atmosphere (551.511) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712773592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=An+electrochemical+engineering+assessment+of+the+operational+conditions+and+constraints+for+solar-driven+water-splitting+systems+at+near-neutral+pH&rft.au=Singh%2C+Meenesh+R%3BPapadantonakis%2C+Kimberly%3BXiang%2C+Chengxiang%3BLewis%2C+Nathan+S&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Meenesh&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2760&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5ee01721a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Convective mixing; Environmental sciences; Convective transport; Polarization; Electrolytes; Membranes; Energy; Electrodes; Diffusion; Electrochemistry; Ion exchange; Migration; pH DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ee01721a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the mobilization of metals by CO sub(2) leakage into shallow aquifers: exploring release mechanisms by modeling field and laboratory experiments AN - 1712769996; PQ0001932573 AB - The dissolution of CO sub(2) in water leads to a pH decrease and a carbonate content increase in affected groundwater, which in turn can drive the mobilization of metals from sediments. The mechanisms of metal release postulated in various field and laboratory studies often differ. Drawing primarily on previously published results, we examine contrasting metal mobilization behaviors at two field tests and in one laboratory study, to investigate whether the same mechanisms could explain metal releases in these different experiments. Numerical modeling of the two field tests reveals that fast Ca-driven cation exchange (from calcite dissolution) can explain the release of most major and trace metal cations at both sites, and their parallel concentration trends. The dissolution of other minerals reacting more slowly (superimposed on cation exchange) also contributes to metal release over longer time frames, but can be masked by fast ambient groundwater velocities. Therefore, the magnitude and extent of mobilization depends not only on metal-mineral associations and sediment pH buffering characteristics, but also on groundwater flow rates, thus on the residence time of CO sub(2)-impacted groundwater relative to the rates of metal-release reactions. Sequential leaching laboratory tests modeled using the same metal-release concept as postulated from field experiments show that both field and laboratory data can be explained by the same processes. The reversibility of metal release upon CO sub(2) degassing by de-pressurization is also explored using simple geochemical models, and shows that the sequestration of metals by resorption and re-precipitation upon CO sub(2) exsolution is quite plausible and may warrant further attention. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Tinnacher, Ruth M AU - Pugh, John D AU - Bianchi, Marco AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Trautz, Robert C AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - Aug 2015 SP - 403 EP - 418 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Aquifers KW - Metals KW - Mathematical models KW - Leakage KW - Leaching KW - Laboratory testing KW - Geochemistry KW - Groundwater flow KW - Sediments KW - Numerical models KW - Behavior KW - Cations KW - Groundwater flow rates KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Groundwater KW - Degassing KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Science and technology KW - pH KW - Groundwater velocity KW - Laboratory experiments KW - ENA 11:Non-Renewable Resources KW - M2 556.34:Groundwater Flow (556.34) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712769996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=On+the+mobilization+of+metals+by+CO+sub%282%29+leakage+into+shallow+aquifers%3A+exploring+release+mechanisms+by+modeling+field+and+laboratory+experiments&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Liange%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BVaradharajan%2C+Charuleka%3BTinnacher%2C+Ruth+M%3BPugh%2C+John+D%3BBianchi%2C+Marco%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BTrautz%2C+Robert+C&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Liange&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1493 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Numerical models; Leaching; Groundwater flow; Groundwater flow rates; Greenhouse gases; Science and technology; Laboratory experiments; Groundwater velocity; Metals; Leakage; Mathematical models; Laboratory testing; Geochemistry; Sediments; Cations; Behavior; Degassing; Groundwater; Carbon dioxide; pH DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1493 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal and capillary effects on the caprock mechanical stability at In Salah, Algeria AN - 1712562807; PQ0001932566 AB - Thermo-mechanical effects are important in geologic carbon storage because CO sub(2) will generally reach the storage formation colder than the rock, inducing thermal stresses. Capillary functions, i.e., retention and relative permeability curves, control the CO sub(2) plume shape, which may affect overpressure and thus, caprock stability. To analyze these thermal and capillary effects, we numerically solve non-isothermal injection of CO sub(2) in deformable porous media considering the In Salah, Algeria, CO sub(2) storage site. We find that changes in the capillary functions have a negligible effect on overpressure and thus, caprock stability is not affected by capillary effects. However, we show that for the strike slip stress regime prevalent at In Salah, stability decreases in the lowest parts of the caprock during injection due to cooling-induced thermal stresses. Simulations show that shear slip along pre-existing fractures may take place in the cooled region, whereas tensile failure is less likely to occur. Indeed, only the injection zone and the lowest tens of meters of the 900-m-thick caprock at In Salah might be affected by cooling effects, which would thus not jeopardize the overall sealing capacity of the caprock. Furthermore, faults are likely to remain stable far away from the injection well because outside the cooled region the injection-induced stress changes are not sufficient to exceed the anticipated shear strength of minor faults. Nevertheless, we recommend that thermal effects should be considered in the site characterization and injection design of future CO sub(2) injection sites to assess caprock stability and guarantee a permanent CO sub(2) storage. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Vilarrasa, Victor AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Rinaldi, Antonio Pio AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - Aug 2015 SP - 449 EP - 461 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Siting criteria KW - Injection wells KW - Stress KW - Simulation KW - Carbon storage KW - Storage KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Permeability KW - Numerical simulations KW - Geology KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Algeria KW - Plumes KW - Science and technology KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712562807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Thermal+and+capillary+effects+on+the+caprock+mechanical+stability+at+In+Salah%2C+Algeria&rft.au=Vilarrasa%2C+Victor%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BRinaldi%2C+Antonio+Pio&rft.aulast=Vilarrasa&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1486 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical simulations; Greenhouse gases; Carbon storage; Science and technology; Storage; Permeability; Carbon sequestration; Siting criteria; Injection wells; Simulation; Stress; Geology; Carbon dioxide; Plumes; Algeria DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1486 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accounting for radiative forcing from albedo change in future global land-use scenarios AN - 1709190597; PQ0001899243 AB - We demonstrate the effectiveness of a new method for quantifying radiative forcing from land use and land cover change (LULCC) within an integrated assessment model, the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM). The method relies on geographically differentiated estimates of radiative forcing from albedo change associated with major land cover transitions derived from the Community Earth System Model. We find that conversion of 1 km super(2) of woody vegetation (forest and shrublands) to non-woody vegetation (crops and grassland) yields between 0 and -0.71 nW/m super(2) of globally averaged radiative forcing determined by the vegetation characteristics, snow dynamics, and atmospheric radiation environment characteristic within each of 151 regions we consider globally. Across a set of scenarios designed to span a range of potential future LULCC, we find LULCC forcing ranging from -0.06 to -0.29 W/m super(2) by 2070 depending on assumptions regarding future crop yield growth and whether climate policy favors afforestation or bioenergy crops. Inclusion of this previously uncounted forcing in the policy targets driving future climate mitigation efforts leads to changes in fossil fuel emissions on the order of 1.5 PgC/yr by 2070 for a climate forcing limit of 4.5 Wm super(-2), corresponding to a 12-67 % change in fossil fuel emissions depending on the scenario. Scenarios with significant afforestation must compensate for albedo-induced warming through additional emissions reductions, and scenarios with significant deforestation need not mitigate as aggressively due to albedo-induced cooling. In all scenarios considered, inclusion of albedo forcing in policy targets increases forest and shrub cover globally. JF - Climatic Change AU - Jones, Andrew D AU - Calvin, Katherine V AU - Collins, William D AU - Edmonds, James AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, adjones@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 691 EP - 703 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 131 IS - 4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Resource management KW - Climate change KW - Forests KW - Crops KW - Radiative forcing KW - Emissions KW - Atmospheric radiation KW - Modelling KW - Policies KW - Fossil fuels KW - Snow KW - Albedo KW - Public policy and climate KW - Crop yield KW - Vegetation KW - Emission control KW - Environmental policy KW - Land use KW - Grasslands KW - Afforestation KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Environment management KW - Future climates KW - Deforestation KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709190597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Accounting+for+radiative+forcing+from+albedo+change+in+future+global+land-use+scenarios&rft.au=Jones%2C+Andrew+D%3BCalvin%2C+Katherine+V%3BCollins%2C+William+D%3BEdmonds%2C+James&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-015-1411-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Policies; Fossil fuels; Snow; Albedo; Atmospheric forcing; Environment management; Deforestation; Modelling; Radiative forcing; Public policy and climate; Crop yield; Land use; Future climates; Atmospheric radiation; Climate change; Vegetation; Forests; Emission control; Environmental policy; Crops; Grasslands; Afforestation; Emissions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-015-1411-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sticky Thermals: Evidence for a Dominant Balance between Buoyancy and Drag in Cloud Updrafts AN - 1709185069; PQ0001870884 AB - The vertical velocities of convective clouds are of great practical interest because of their influence on many phenomena, including severe weather and stratospheric moistening. However, the magnitudes of forces giving rise to these vertical velocities are poorly understood, and the dominant balance is in dispute. Here, an algorithm is used to extract thousands of cloud thermals from a large-eddy simulation of deep and tropical maritime convection. Using a streamfunction to define natural boundaries for these thermals, the dominant balance in the vertical momentum equation is revealed. Cloud thermals rise with a nearly constant speed determined by their buoyancy and the standard drag law with a drag coefficient of 0.6. Contrary to suggestions that cloud thermals might be slippery, with a dominant balance between buoyancy and acceleration, cloud thermals are found here to be sticky, with a dominant balance between buoyancy and drag. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Romps, David M AU - Charn, Alexander B AD - Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, and Berkeley Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 2890 EP - 2901 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 72 IS - 8 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Convective-scale processes KW - Convection KW - Atmospheric sciences KW - Algorithms KW - Convection development KW - Updrafts KW - Vertical velocities KW - Disputes KW - Drag coefficient KW - Buoyancy KW - Marine KW - Weather KW - Mathematical models KW - Velocity KW - Oceanic eddies KW - Large eddy simulations KW - Drag KW - Clouds KW - Severe weather events KW - Convective activity KW - Boundaries KW - Standards KW - Drag coefficients KW - M2 551.558:Vertical Air Motion (551.558) KW - Q2 09403:Chemicals from sea water KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709185069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=Sticky+Thermals%3A+Evidence+for+a+Dominant+Balance+between+Buoyancy+and+Drag+in+Cloud+Updrafts&rft.au=Romps%2C+David+M%3BCharn%2C+Alexander+B&rft.aulast=Romps&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2890&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAS-D-15-0042.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clouds; Convection; Mathematical models; Atmospheric sciences; Oceanic eddies; Disputes; Drag coefficient; Buoyancy; Drag; Severe weather events; Convective activity; Algorithms; Convection development; Vertical velocities; Drag coefficients; Large eddy simulations; Updrafts; Weather; Boundaries; Velocity; Standards; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-15-0042.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effective Buoyancy, Inertial Pressure, and the Mechanical Generation of Boundary Layer Mass Flux by Cold Pools AN - 1709184407; PQ0001870873 AB - The Davies-Jones formulation of effective buoyancy is used to define inertial and buoyant components of vertical force and to develop an intuition for these components by considering simple cases. This decomposition is applied to the triggering of new boundary layer mass flux by cold pools in a cloud-resolving simulation of radiative-convective equilibrium (RCE). The triggering is found to be dominated by inertial forces, and this is explained by estimating the ratio of the inertial forcing to the buoyancy forcing, which scales as H/h, where H is the characteristic height of the initial downdraft and h is the characteristic height of the mature cold pool's gust front. In a simulation of the transition from shallow to deep convection, the buoyancy forcing plays a dominant role in triggering mass flux in the shallow regime, but the force balance tips in favor of inertial forcing just as precipitation sets in, consistent with the RCE results. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Jeevanjee, Nadir AU - Romps, David M AD - Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, and Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 3199 EP - 3213 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 72 IS - 8 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Buoyancy KW - Cold pools KW - Convective clouds KW - Deep convection KW - Dynamics KW - Gust fronts KW - Convection KW - Hydrological Regime KW - Degradation KW - Atmospheric sciences KW - Boundary Layers KW - Gusts KW - Pools KW - Convection development KW - Downdrafts KW - Decomposition KW - Mass flux KW - Pressure KW - Inertia KW - Weather KW - Precipitation KW - Clouds KW - Numerical simulations KW - Boundary layers KW - Fluctuations KW - Q2 09242:Observations and measurements at sea KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709184407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=Effective+Buoyancy%2C+Inertial+Pressure%2C+and+the+Mechanical+Generation+of+Boundary+Layer+Mass+Flux+by+Cold+Pools&rft.au=Jeevanjee%2C+Nadir%3BRomps%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Jeevanjee&rft.aufirst=Nadir&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAS-D-14-0349.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inertia; Convection; Atmospheric sciences; Degradation; Boundary layers; Gusts; Pressure; Buoyancy; Clouds; Numerical simulations; Gust fronts; Convection development; Precipitation; Downdrafts; Mass flux; Cold pools; Hydrological Regime; Weather; Boundary Layers; Pools; Decomposition; Fluctuations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-14-0349.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving thin-bed resolution; application of a sparse-layer inversion on 3D seismic observations from the In Salah carbon dioxide storage project AN - 1700098439; 2015-073900 AB - The In Salah carbon dioxide storage project in Algeria has injected more than 3 million tons of carbon dioxide into a thin water-filled tight-sand formation. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar range change data revealed a double-lobe pattern of surface uplift, which has been interpreted as the existence of a subvertical fracture, or damage, zone. The reflection seismic data found a subtle linear push-down feature located along the depression between the two lobes thought to be due to the injection of carbon dioxide. Understanding of the CO (sub 2) distribution within the injection interval and migration within the fracture zone requires a precise subsurface layer model from the injection interval to above the top of the fracture zone. To improve the resolution of the existing seismic model, we applied a sparse-layer seismic inversion, with basis pursuit decomposition on the 3D seismic data between 1.0 and 1.5 s. The inversion results, including reflection coefficients and band-limited impedance cubes, provided improved subsurface imaging for two key layers (seismic horizons) above the injection interval. These horizons could be used as part of a more detailed earth model to study the CO (sub 2) storage at In Salah. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Zhang, Rui AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Vasco, Donald AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - SS65 EP - SS71 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - geophysical surveys KW - North Africa KW - uplifts KW - petroleum KW - simulation KW - observations KW - carbon dioxide KW - thickness KW - sequence stratigraphy KW - high-resolution methods KW - seismic profiles KW - patterns KW - carbon sequestration KW - three-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - inverse problem KW - In Salah Algeria KW - seismic methods KW - least-squares analysis KW - gas injection KW - surveys KW - Africa KW - geophysical profiles KW - Algeria KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Improving+thin-bed+resolution%3B+application+of+a+sparse-layer+inversion+on+3D+seismic+observations+from+the+In+Salah+carbon+dioxide+storage+project&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Rui%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BVasco%2C+Donald%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Rui&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=SS65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0204.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. chart, sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Algeria; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; gas injection; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; high-resolution methods; In Salah Algeria; inverse problem; least-squares analysis; North Africa; observations; patterns; petroleum; seismic methods; seismic profiles; sequence stratigraphy; simulation; statistical analysis; surveys; thickness; three-dimensional models; uplifts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0204.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molybdenum Availability Is Key to Nitrate Removal in Contaminated Groundwater Environments. AN - 1695174203; 25979890 AB - The concentrations of molybdenum (Mo) and 25 other metals were measured in groundwater samples from 80 wells on the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) (Oak Ridge, TN), many of which are contaminated with nitrate, as well as uranium and various other metals. The concentrations of nitrate and uranium were in the ranges of 0.1 μM to 230 mM and <0.2 nM to 580 μM, respectively. Almost all metals examined had significantly greater median concentrations in a subset of wells that were highly contaminated with uranium (≥126 nM). They included cadmium, manganese, and cobalt, which were 1,300- to 2,700-fold higher. A notable exception, however, was Mo, which had a lower median concentration in the uranium-contaminated wells. This is significant, because Mo is essential in the dissimilatory nitrate reduction branch of the global nitrogen cycle. It is required at the catalytic site of nitrate reductase, the enzyme that reduces nitrate to nitrite. Moreover, more than 85% of the groundwater samples contained less than 10 nM Mo, whereas concentrations of 10 to 100 nM Mo were required for efficient growth by nitrate reduction for two Pseudomonas strains isolated from ORR wells and by a model denitrifier, Pseudomonas stutzeri RCH2. Higher concentrations of Mo tended to inhibit the growth of these strains due to the accumulation of toxic concentrations of nitrite, and this effect was exacerbated at high nitrate concentrations. The relevance of these results to a Mo-based nitrate removal strategy and the potential community-driving role that Mo plays in contaminated environments are discussed. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Thorgersen, Michael P AU - Lancaster, W Andrew AU - Vaccaro, Brian J AU - Poole, Farris L AU - Rocha, Andrea M AU - Mehlhorn, Tonia AU - Pettenato, Angelica AU - Ray, Jayashree AU - Waters, R Jordan AU - Melnyk, Ryan A AU - Chakraborty, Romy AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Deutschbauer, Adam M AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Adams, Michael W W AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA. ; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA adams@bmb.uga.edu. Y1 - 2015/08// PY - 2015 DA - August 2015 SP - 4976 EP - 4983 VL - 81 IS - 15 KW - Coenzymes KW - 0 KW - Nitrates KW - Molybdenum KW - 81AH48963U KW - Nitrate Reductase KW - EC 1.7.99.4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Nitrate Reductase -- metabolism KW - Tennessee KW - Coenzymes -- metabolism KW - Pseudomonas stutzeri -- metabolism KW - Groundwater -- chemistry KW - Pseudomonas stutzeri -- growth & development KW - Denitrification KW - Nitrates -- metabolism KW - Molybdenum -- metabolism KW - Groundwater -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1695174203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Molybdenum+Availability+Is+Key+to+Nitrate+Removal+in+Contaminated+Groundwater+Environments.&rft.au=Thorgersen%2C+Michael+P%3BLancaster%2C+W+Andrew%3BVaccaro%2C+Brian+J%3BPoole%2C+Farris+L%3BRocha%2C+Andrea+M%3BMehlhorn%2C+Tonia%3BPettenato%2C+Angelica%3BRay%2C+Jayashree%3BWaters%2C+R+Jordan%3BMelnyk%2C+Ryan+A%3BChakraborty%2C+Romy%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BDeutschbauer%2C+Adam+M%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BAdams%2C+Michael+W+W&rft.aulast=Thorgersen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-08-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=4976&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1098-5336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.00917-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-03-29 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 Jul;55(7):1670-6 [2764573] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1997 Dec;61(4):533-616 [9409151] Ground Water. 2005 Mar-Apr;43(2):169-77 [15819938] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Mar;73(5):1420-4 [17209072] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Mar;74(5):1620-33 [18192411] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Mar;1125:215-29 [18096847] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Jun;74(12):3718-29 [18456853] Environ Sci Technol. 2009 May 15;43(10):3529-34 [19544850] Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Jan 1;44(1):177-83 [19938814] Nature. 2010 Aug 5;466(7307):779-82 [20639861] Sci Total Environ. 2010 Oct 15;408(22):5362-71 [20813395] Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Oct 1;44(19):7491-7 [20822129] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Apr;78(7):2082-91 [22267668] J Bacteriol. 2012 Aug;194(16):4461-2 [22843592] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Jan;79(1):63-73 [23064329] Mol Syst Biol. 2013;9:660 [23591776] MBio. 2015;6(3):e00326-15 [25968645] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 May;68(5):2300-6 [11976101] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003 Mar 28;220(2):261-9 [12670690] Br Med Bull. 2003;68:167-82 [14757716] J Biol Inorg Chem. 2004 Oct;9(7):791-9 [15311335] J Bacteriol. 1975 Jun;122(3):1230-8 [1097396] Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248-54 [942051] Arch Microbiol. 1980 Jun;126(2):155-9 [7192082] Br J Nutr. 1989 May;61(3):741-8 [2758022] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00917-15 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cell Motility in a Basement Membrane Gel Concentrates ECM Around Breast Epithelial Cells, a Feature Lost in Malignant Cells T2 - 2015 Gordon Research Seminar on Adhesion, Science of AN - 1713506255; 6355373 JF - 2015 Gordon Research Seminar on Adhesion, Science of AU - Robertson, Claire Y1 - 2015/07/25/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jul 25 KW - Epithelial cells KW - Membranes KW - Basement membranes KW - Extracellular matrix KW - Cell migration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1713506255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Gordon+Research+Seminar+on+Adhesion%2C+Science+of&rft.atitle=Cell+Motility+in+a+Basement+Membrane+Gel+Concentrates+ECM+Around+Breast+Epithelial+Cells%2C+a+Feature+Lost+in+Malignant+Cells&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Claire&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Claire&rft.date=2015-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Gordon+Research+Seminar+on+Adhesion%2C+Science+of&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www.grc.org/programs.aspx?id=14609 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-17 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective Formation of Indene through the Reaction of Benzyl Radicals with Acetylene. AN - 1697216088; 25917234 AB - The combustion of fossil fuels forms polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) composed of five- and six- membered aromatic rings, such as indene (C9 H8 ), which are carcinogenic, mutagenic, and deleterious to the environment. Indene, the simplest PAH with single five- and six-membered rings, has been predicted theoretically to be formed through the reaction of benzyl radicals with acetylene. Benzyl radicals are found in significant concentrations in combustion flames, owing to their highly stable aromatic and resonantly stabilized free-radical character. We provide compelling experimental evidence that indene is synthesized through the reaction of the benzyl radical (C7 H7 ) with acetylene (C2 H2 ) under combustion-like conditions at 600 K. The mechanism involves an initial addition step followed by cyclization and aromatization through atomic hydrogen loss. This reaction was found to form the indene isomer exclusively, which, in conjunction with the high concentrations of benzyl and acetylene in combustion environments, indicates that this pathway is the predominant route to synthesize the prototypical five- and six-membered PAH. JF - Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry AU - Parker, Dorian S N AU - Kaiser, Ralf I AU - Kostko, Oleg AU - Ahmed, Musahid AD - Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, (USA). ; Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, (USA). ralfk@hawaii.edu. ; Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, (USA). ; Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, (USA). mahmed@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2015/07/20/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jul 20 SP - 2091 EP - 2093 VL - 16 IS - 10 KW - mass spectrometry KW - radicals KW - gas-phase chemistry KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - combustion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697216088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemphyschem+%3A+a+European+journal+of+chemical+physics+and+physical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Selective+Formation+of+Indene+through+the+Reaction+of+Benzyl+Radicals+with+Acetylene.&rft.au=Parker%2C+Dorian+S+N%3BKaiser%2C+Ralf+I%3BKostko%2C+Oleg%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Dorian+S&rft.date=2015-07-20&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemphyschem+%3A+a+European+journal+of+chemical+physics+and+physical+chemistry&rft.issn=1439-7641&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcphc.201500313 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-09-17 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201500313 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gut microbiota mediate caffeine detoxification in the primary insect pest of coffee. AN - 1697215780; 26173063 AB - The coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) is the most devastating insect pest of coffee worldwide with its infestations decreasing crop yield by up to 80%. Caffeine is an alkaloid that can be toxic to insects and is hypothesized to act as a defence mechanism to inhibit herbivory. Here we show that caffeine is degraded in the gut of H. hampei, and that experimental inactivation of the gut microbiota eliminates this activity. We demonstrate that gut microbiota in H. hampei specimens from seven major coffee-producing countries and laboratory-reared colonies share a core of microorganisms. Globally ubiquitous members of the gut microbiota, including prominent Pseudomonas species, subsist on caffeine as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. Pseudomonas caffeine demethylase genes are expressed in vivo in the gut of H. hampei, and re-inoculation of antibiotic-treated insects with an isolated Pseudomonas strain reinstates caffeine-degradation ability confirming their key role. JF - Nature communications AU - Ceja-Navarro, Javier A AU - Vega, Fernando E AU - Karaoz, Ulas AU - Hao, Zhao AU - Jenkins, Stefan AU - Lim, Hsiao Chien AU - Kosina, Petr AU - Infante, Francisco AU - Northen, Trent R AU - Brodie, Eoin L AD - Ecology Department, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Sustainable Perennial Crops Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Building 001, BARC-W, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA. ; Genome Dynamics Department, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Carretera Mexico-Veracruz Km. 45, El Batán, Texcoco 56130, Mexico. ; El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km. 2.5, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico. ; 1] Ecology Department, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2015/07/14/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jul 14 SP - 7618 VL - 6 KW - Caffeine KW - 3G6A5W338E KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Pseudomonas -- genetics KW - Gastrointestinal Microbiome -- genetics KW - Caffeine -- metabolism KW - Weevils -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 -- genetics KW - Coffea KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 -- metabolism KW - Inactivation, Metabolic -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697215780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=Gut+microbiota+mediate+caffeine+detoxification+in+the+primary+insect+pest+of+coffee.&rft.au=Ceja-Navarro%2C+Javier+A%3BVega%2C+Fernando+E%3BKaraoz%2C+Ulas%3BHao%2C+Zhao%3BJenkins%2C+Stefan%3BLim%2C+Hsiao+Chien%3BKosina%2C+Petr%3BInfante%2C+Francisco%3BNorthen%2C+Trent+R%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin+L&rft.aulast=Ceja-Navarro&rft.aufirst=Javier&rft.date=2015-07-14&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=7618&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms8618 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-04-13 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - KF913736; GENBANK; KF913748; KF913737; KF913747; KF913734; KF913746; KF913745; KF913735; KF913738; KF913739; KF913749; KF913740; KF913744; KF913743; KF913733; KF913742; KF913741; KF913757; KF913756; KF913759; KF913758; KF913751; KF913750; KF913753; KF913752; KF913755; KF913754; KF913769; KF913768; KF913767; KF913766; KF913765; KF913764; KF913808; KF913763; KF913809; KF913762; KF913761; KF913760; KF913814; KF913813; KF913812; KF913811; KF913818; KF913817; KF913816; KF913815; KF913810; KF913779; KF913778; KF913775; KF913774; KF913777; KF913776; KF913771; KF913770; KF913773; KF913772; KF913801; KF913800; KF913803; KF913802; KF913805; KF913804; KF913807; KF913806; KF913783; KF913784; KF913781; KF913782; KF913787; KF913788; KF913785; KF913786; KF913789; KF913831; KF913832; KF913830; KF913839; KJ159090; KJ159091; KF913837; KJ159092; KF913838; KJ159093; KF913835; KF913780; KF913836; KF913833; KF913834; KF913792; KF913793; KF913794; KF913795; KF913796; KF913797; KF913819; KF913798; KF913799; KJ159088; KJ159089; KJ159086; KF913820; KJ159087; KF913821; KF913826; KF913827; KF913828; KF913829; KJ159084; KF913822; KJ159085; KF913823; KF913791; KF913824; KJ159083; KF913790; KF913825; KF913840; KF913841; KF913842; KF913843; KF913844 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Aug;73(16):5261-7 [17586664] Science. 2001 Jun 29;292(5526):2495-8 [11431569] PLoS One. 2009;4(8):e6619 [19672306] Anal Chem. 2009 Dec 15;81(24):10038-48 [19928838] Bioinformatics. 2010 Jan 15;26(2):266-7 [19914921] Mol Biol Evol. 2010 Feb;27(2):221-4 [19854763] PLoS One. 2010;5(3):e9490 [20224823] Nat Methods. 2010 May;7(5):335-6 [20383131] Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2011;(200):11-31 [20859792] Bioinformatics. 2010 Oct 1;26(19):2460-1 [20709691] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Nov 16;107(46):20051-6 [21041648] Trends Plant Sci. 2001 Sep;6(9):407-13 [11544129] Nature. 2002 Jun 27;417(6892):915-6 [12087394] Environ Microbiol. 2003 Aug;5(8):641-9 [12871231] Genome Res. 2003 Nov;13(11):2498-504 [14597658] J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Nov 19;51(24):6987-91 [14611159] Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jan;37(Database issue):D141-5 [19004872] Science. 2010 Dec 24;330(6012):1768-73 [21205662] ISME J. 2012 Jan;6(1):94-103 [21716311] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Mar 13;109(11):4197-202 [22371593] J Bacteriol. 2012 Apr;194(8):2041-9 [22328667] ISME J. 2012 Aug;6(8):1621-4 [22402401] Science. 2012 Oct 12;338(6104):198-9 [23066064] Science. 2013 Mar 8;339(6124):1202-4 [23471406] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2013 Sep;37(5):634-63 [23790204] ISME J. 2014 Jan;8(1):6-18 [23985746] J Appl Toxicol. 2013 Nov;33(11):1277-83 [22886764] Science. 1984 Oct 12;226(4671):184-7 [6207592] Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Dec 15;25(24):4876-82 [9396791] Plant Mol Biol. 2005 Sep;59(2):221-7 [16247553] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Jul;72(7):5069-72 [16820507] Transgenic Res. 2006 Dec;15(6):667-72 [17091387] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1972 Dec;23(4):720-30 [4644703] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8618 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Protein Structure Novelty has Regressed 20 Years T2 - 22nd Annual International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology and 14th European Conference on Computational Biology (ISMB/ECCB 2015) AN - 1713509608; 6355472 JF - 22nd Annual International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology and 14th European Conference on Computational Biology (ISMB/ECCB 2015) AU - Chandonia, John-Marc AU - Brenner, Steven Y1 - 2015/07/10/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jul 10 KW - Protein structure KW - Novelty UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1713509608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=22nd+Annual+International+Conference+on+Intelligent+Systems+for+Molecular+Biology+and+14th+European+Conference+on+Computational+Biology+%28ISMB%2FECCB+2015%29&rft.atitle=Protein+Structure+Novelty+has+Regressed+20+Years&rft.au=Chandonia%2C+John-Marc%3BBrenner%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Chandonia&rft.aufirst=John-Marc&rft.date=2015-07-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=22nd+Annual+International+Conference+on+Intelligent+Systems+for+Molecular+Biology+and+14th+European+Conference+on+Computational+Biology+%28ISMB%2FECCB+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iscb.org/images/stories/ismbeccb2015/downloads/ISMBECCB15-Program-web.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-17 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term modeling of the thermal-hydraulic-mechanical response of a generic salt repository for heat-generating nuclear waste AN - 1780802482; 2016-031881 AB - A modeling effort has been undertaken to investigate the long-term response of a generic salt repository for heat-generating nuclear waste, including processes that could affect the geological (natural salt host rock) and geotechnical (backfill) barriers. For this purpose, the TOUGH-FLAC sequential simulator for coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical processes modeling has recently been provided with a capability for large strains and creep. The responses of the saliferous host rock and the crushed salt backfill are modeled using dedicated constitutive relationships. Similarly, the coupling between the geomechanics and the flow sub-problems is performed on the basis of theoretical and experimental studies. The repository investigated in this work considers in-drift emplacement of the waste packages and subsequent backfill of the drifts with run-of-mine salt. Using the updated TOUGH-FLAC, the compaction of the backfill and the evolution of its properties as porosity decreases can be modeled. Additionally, different processes that may influence the initial tightness of the host rock can be investigated. On the basis of state-of-the-art phenomenological models, our simulation results show that, in order to evaluate the barriers integrity, it is necessary to consider full coupling between thermal, hydraulic and mechanical processes. A base case scenario that accounts for these coupled processes is presented and compared to a case in which the mechanical processes are disregarded. Also, we investigate the sensitivity of the coupled numerical predictions to two factors: the initial saturation within the host rock and the capillary forces. Although the outcome of these simulations is preliminary and will be improved as the understanding of relevant processes moves forward, the numerical tools required to perform the target predictions have been significantly improved. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Engineering Geology AU - Blanco Martin, Laura AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Birkholzer, Jens T Y1 - 2015/07/02/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jul 02 SP - 198 EP - 211 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 193 SN - 0013-7952, 0013-7952 KW - backfill KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - hydraulics KW - numerical models KW - strain KW - host rocks KW - thermal properties KW - coupling KW - mechanical properties KW - simulation KW - evaporites KW - radioactive waste KW - flows KW - sedimentary rocks KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - creep KW - waste disposal KW - salt KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Engineering+Geology&rft.atitle=Long-term+modeling+of+the+thermal-hydraulic-mechanical+response+of+a+generic+salt+repository+for+heat-generating+nuclear+waste&rft.au=Blanco+Martin%2C+Laura%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Blanco+Martin&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2015-07-02&rft.volume=193&rft.issue=&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Engineering+Geology&rft.issn=00137952&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enggeo.2015.04.014 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00137952 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 92 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - CODEN - EGGOAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - backfill; chemically precipitated rocks; coupling; creep; evaporites; flows; host rocks; hydraulics; infiltration; mechanical properties; numerical models; radioactive waste; salt; saturation; sedimentary rocks; simulation; strain; thermal properties; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.04.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical analysis of thermal remediation in 3D field-scale fractured geologic media AN - 1780802125; 2016-031914 AB - Thermal methods are promising for remediating fractured geologic media contaminated with volatile organic compounds, and the success of this process depends on the coupled heat transfer, multiphase flow, and thermodynamics. This study analyzed field-scale removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) and heat transfer behavior in boiling fractured geologic media using the multiple interacting continua method. This method can resolve local gradients in the matrix and is less computationally demanding than alternative methods like discrete fracture-matrix models. A 2D axisymmetric model was used to simulate a single element of symmetry in a repeated pattern of extraction wells inside a large heated zone and evaluate effects of parameter sensitivity on contaminant recovery. The results showed that the removal of TCE increased with matrix permeability, and the removal rate was more sensitive to matrix permeability than any other parameter. Increasing fracture density promoted TCE removal, especially when the matrix permeability was low (e.g., <10 (super -17) m (super 2) ). A 3D model was used to simulate an entire treatment zone and the surrounding groundwater in fractured material, with the interaction between them being considered. Boiling was initiated in the center of the upper part of the heated region and expanded toward the boundaries. This boiling process resulted in a large increase in the TCE removal rate and spread of TCE to the vadose zone and the peripheries of the heated zone. The incorporation of extraction wells helped control the contaminant from migrating to far regions. After 22 d, more than 99.3% of TCE mass was recovered in the simulation. Abstract Copyright (2014), National Ground Water Association. JF - Ground Water AU - Chen, Fei AU - Falta, Ronald W AU - Murdoch, Lawrence C Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 572 EP - 587 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of National Ground Water Association, Westerville, OH VL - 53 IS - 4 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - fractured materials KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - unsaturated zone KW - water vapor KW - fluid dynamics KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - thermodynamic properties KW - numerical models KW - gaseous phase KW - pollutants KW - thermal properties KW - injection KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - two-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - boiling KW - thermal remediation KW - volatile organic compounds KW - multiphase flow KW - heat transfer KW - trichloroethylene KW - Henry's law KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Numerical+analysis+of+thermal+remediation+in+3D+field-scale+fractured+geologic+media&rft.au=Chen%2C+Fei%3BFalta%2C+Ronald+W%3BMurdoch%2C+Lawrence+C&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Fei&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=572&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgwat.12241 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boiling; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; gaseous phase; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; heat transfer; Henry's law; injection; migration of elements; multiphase flow; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; remediation; simulation; thermal properties; thermal remediation; thermodynamic properties; trichloroethylene; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water vapor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12241 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - United States energy and CO2 savings potential from deployment of near-infrared electrochromic window glazings AN - 1770326426; PQ0002232662 AB - This paper presents a simulation study of the energy and CO2 benefits of a transparent, near-infrared switching electrochromic (NEC) glazing for building applications. NEC glazings are an emerging dynamic window technology that can modulate the transmission of NIR heat without affecting transmission of visible light. In this study, a hypothetical NEC glazing is simulated on clear and tinted glass in six building type models in 16 U.S. climate regions using Energy Plus 7.1. The total annual energy consumption for lighting, heating, cooling, and ventilation for the NEC glazings are compared with high performance static windows and conventional tungsten-oxide EC glazings. Using regional CO2 intensities and building stock totals, the results from individual building model simulations are scaled up to national totals. The U.S. national savings from NEC deployment is found to be 167 TWh/yr (600 PJ/yr) compared to the existing building stock, but only 8 TWh/yr (29 PJ/yr) or 1.56 million tonnes of CO2 per year when compared to high performance static glazings with lighting controls installed. NEC performance varied significantly by building type and location. This analysis reveals that 50% of the total energy savings can be realized by deploying NEC glazings in only 18% of the total window stock, and 75% of the savings in only 39% of the stock. The best performing locations include medium offices and midrise residential buildings in northern climates, where energy savings per unit window area range from 50 to 200 kWh/m2-yr. JF - Building and Environment AU - DeForest, Nicholas AU - Shehabi, Arman AU - O'Donnell, James AU - Garcia, Guillermo AU - Greenblatt, Jeffery AU - Lee, Eleanor S AU - Selkowitz, Stephen AU - Milliron, Delia J AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Building 90R4000, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 107 EP - 117 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 89 SN - 0360-1323, 0360-1323 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - Dynamic windows KW - Electrochromic glazings KW - NIR-Switching KW - National energy reduction KW - Solar heat gain KW - Illumination KW - Construction KW - Glazing KW - Energy conservation KW - Lighting KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Raw materials KW - Buildings KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770326426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Building+and+Environment&rft.atitle=United+States+energy+and+CO2+savings+potential+from+deployment+of+near-infrared+electrochromic+window+glazings&rft.au=DeForest%2C+Nicholas%3BShehabi%2C+Arman%3BO%27Donnell%2C+James%3BGarcia%2C+Guillermo%3BGreenblatt%2C+Jeffery%3BLee%2C+Eleanor+S%3BSelkowitz%2C+Stephen%3BMilliron%2C+Delia+J&rft.aulast=DeForest&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Building+and+Environment&rft.issn=03601323&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.buildenv.2015.02.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.02.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A parallel finite-element time-domain method for transient electromagnetic simulation AN - 1722153026; 2015-098582 AB - The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been widely used to perform transient electromagnetic simulation. Compared to the traditional FDTD method, the finite-element time-domain (FETD) method with unstructured meshes and an adaptive time-stepping scheme has the potential to dramatically cut down the number of unknowns and the number of time steps. However, with a need to solve a large-scale unstructured sparse matrix at every time step, the FETD method is generally difficult to scale with the available parallel computing resources. To make efficient use of the multicore resources in current computing platforms, we designed a parallel FETD method that used multiple threads to accelerate the key steps for solving a large sparse matrix, including the construction of the preconditioner and matrix-vector multiplication. Using a customized incomplete Cholesky preconditioner, we achieved faster convergence than many existing preconditioners and a scalable parallel performance over multiple cores. To further reduce the total calculation time, we implemented an overlapping scheme and a preconditioner-reusing scheme. The overlapping scheme executed the solver computation and the preconditioner computation concurrently using different parts of the parallel resources. The preconditioner reusing scheme reduced the need to recompute preconditioners when increasing the time-step size, thus reducing the frequency of the less scalable preconditioner computations. It brought performance benefits by reducing the frequency of less scalable preconditioner computation. Computed parallel FETD results showed the same level of accuracy as FDTD results. In terms of parallel performance, using eight cores, the method cut execution time by a factor of 4 (i.e., 50 parallel efficiency). For a realistic salt model, we simulated TEM responses from 0.01 s to 30 s in 5 min, using hundreds of CPU cores. JF - Geophysics AU - Fu, Haohuan AU - Wang, Yingqiao AU - Um, Evan Schankee AU - Fang, Jiarui AU - Wei, Tengpeng AU - Huang, Xiaomeng AU - Yang, Guangwen Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - E213 EP - E224 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 80 IS - 4 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - transient methods KW - numerical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - optimization KW - equations KW - finite element analysis KW - digital simulation KW - Cholesky factorization KW - electromagnetic methods KW - time domain analysis KW - algorithms KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722153026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=A+parallel+finite-element+time-domain+method+for+transient+electromagnetic+simulation&rft.au=Fu%2C+Haohuan%3BWang%2C+Yingqiao%3BUm%2C+Evan+Schankee%3BFang%2C+Jiarui%3BWei%2C+Tengpeng%3BHuang%2C+Xiaomeng%3BYang%2C+Guangwen&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Haohuan&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=E213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2014-0067.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Date issued: 02 Jun 2015; Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Cholesky factorization; data processing; digital simulation; electromagnetic methods; equations; finite element analysis; geophysical methods; numerical analysis; optimization; time domain analysis; transient methods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2014-0067.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transition metal incorporation into mackinawite (tetragonal FeS) AN - 1707522794; 2015-082062 AB - Naturally occurring mackinawite (tetragonal FeS) with incorporated transition metals is an important precursor to the formation of metal sulfides in ore deposits, but experimental results have not been sufficient to establish clear trends in the structure and stability of the transition-metal-enriched mineral. Using density functional theory with dispersion corrections, we report the first systematic examination of the relationship between composition and structure for FeS incorporating bivalent transition metals. Our method was validated by successful calculations of the structures of FeS, FeSe, FeSe (sub 1-) (sub x) S (sub x) , Fe (sub 1-) (sub x) Me (sub x) Se (Me = Co, Ni, Cu), and FeNi (sub x) Te. Two classes of transition-metal-incorporated FeS structures then were investigated: Fe (sub 1-) (sub x) Me (sub x) S (metal-substituted FeS) and FeMe (sub x) S (FeS intercalated by a metal at either a tetrahedral or square-pyramidal interstitial site), where Me = Co, Ni, and Cu, and x < or = 0.25. We find that incorporated transition metals can both increase and decrease lattice parameters, depending on the metal and how it is incorporated into the FeS structure. As the mole fraction of substituting metal increases, the FeS unit-cell volume decreases for Co, is nearly constant for Ni, but increases for Cu. Metal substitution changes the c lattice parameter, which is sensitive to interactions between the mackinawite sheets, as much as it does the a and b lattice parameters. Upon intercalation, the unit-cell volume and c parameter increase but the a and b parameters decrease. Experimental structural data are consistent with our results for metal-substituted FeS. We determined the thermodynamic stability of metal-incorporated FeS by computing the free energy involved in the metal incorporation reactions as a function of chemical potential of sulfur. The thermodynamic results lead to the general conclusions that metal incorporation into mackinawite most likely occurs via substitution, which may be important to influence phase transformation pathways of mackinawite. JF - American Mineralogist AU - Kwon, Kideok D AU - Refson, Keith AU - Sposito, Garrison Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 1509 EP - 1517 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 100 IS - 7 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - density functional theory KW - quantum mechanics KW - numerical analysis KW - phase transitions KW - crystal structure KW - mackinawite KW - iron sulfides KW - phonons KW - metals KW - cations KW - thermodynamic properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - sulfides KW - formula KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707522794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Transition+metal+incorporation+into+mackinawite+%28tetragonal+FeS%29&rft.au=Kwon%2C+Kideok+D%3BRefson%2C+Keith%3BSposito%2C+Garrison&rft.aulast=Kwon&rft.aufirst=Kideok&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2015-5211CCBYNCND L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cations; crystal chemistry; crystal structure; density functional theory; formula; iron sulfides; mackinawite; metals; numerical analysis; phase transitions; phonons; quantum mechanics; sulfides; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2015-5211CCBYNCND ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute Limonene Toxicity in Escherichia coli Is Caused by Limonene Hydroperoxide and Alleviated by a Point Mutation in Alkyl Hydroperoxidase AhpC AN - 1701494738; PQ0001784743 AB - Limonene, a major component of citrus peel oil, has a number of applications related to microbiology. The antimicrobial properties of limonene make it a popular disinfectant and food preservative, while its potential as a biofuel component has made it the target of renewable production efforts through microbial metabolic engineering. For both applications, an understanding of microbial sensitivity or tolerance to limonene is crucial, but the mechanism of limonene toxicity remains enigmatic. In this study, we characterized a limonene-tolerant strain of Escherichia coli and found a mutation in ahpC, encoding alkyl hydroperoxidase, which alleviated limonene toxicity. We show that the acute toxicity previously attributed to limonene is largely due to the common oxidation product limonene hydroperoxide, which forms spontaneously in aerobic environments. The mutant AhpC protein with an L-to-Q change at position 177 (AhpCL177Q) was able to alleviate this toxicity by reducing the hydroperoxide to a more benign compound. We show that the degree of limonene toxicity is a function of its oxidation level and that nonoxidized limonene has relatively little toxicity to wild-type E. coli cells. Our results have implications for both the renewable production of limonene and the applications of limonene as an antimicrobial. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Chubukov, Victor AU - Mingardon, Florence AU - Schackwitz, Wendy AU - Baidoo, Edward EK AU - Alonso-Gutierrez, Jorge AU - Hu, Qijun AU - Lee, Taek Soon AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA, amukhopadhyay@lbl.gov. PY - 2015 SP - 4690 EP - 4696 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 81 IS - 14 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Citrus KW - Food KW - Limonene KW - Point mutation KW - AhpC protein KW - metabolic engineering KW - Acute toxicity KW - hydroperoxidase KW - Antimicrobial agents KW - Oil KW - Disinfectants KW - Oxidation KW - Escherichia coli KW - Preservatives KW - Biofuels KW - Benign KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701494738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Acute+Limonene+Toxicity+in+Escherichia+coli+Is+Caused+by+Limonene+Hydroperoxide+and+Alleviated+by+a+Point+Mutation+in+Alkyl+Hydroperoxidase+AhpC&rft.au=Chubukov%2C+Victor%3BMingardon%2C+Florence%3BSchackwitz%2C+Wendy%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward+EK%3BAlonso-Gutierrez%2C+Jorge%3BHu%2C+Qijun%3BLee%2C+Taek+Soon%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+Aindrila&rft.aulast=Chubukov&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=4690&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.01102-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Limonene; Food; Point mutation; AhpC protein; metabolic engineering; Acute toxicity; hydroperoxidase; Antimicrobial agents; Oil; Disinfectants; Oxidation; Biofuels; Preservatives; Benign; Citrus; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01102-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proteome profile of the endomembrane of developing coleoptiles from switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) AN - 1701480330; PQ0001723832 AB - The cost-effective production of biofuels from lignocellulosic material will likely require manipulation of plant biomass, specifically cell walls. The North American native prairie grass Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) is seen as a potential biofuel crop with an array of genetic resources currently being developed. We have characterized the endomembrane proteome of switchgrass coleoptiles to provide additional information to the switchgrass community. In total, we identified 1750 unique proteins from two biological replicates. These data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD001351 ( http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD001351 ). JF - Proteomics AU - Lao, Jeemeng AU - Sharma, Manoj K AU - Sharma, Rita AU - Fernandez-Nino, Susana MGonzalez AU - Schmutz, Jeremy AU - Ronald, Pamela C AU - Heazlewood, Joshua L AU - Schwessinger, Benjamin AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - Jul 2015 SP - 2286 EP - 2290 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 15 IS - 13 SN - 1615-9853, 1615-9853 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Panicum virgatum KW - Prairies KW - Genetic resources KW - Data processing KW - Grasses KW - proteomics KW - Biomass KW - Biofuels KW - Coleoptile KW - Crops KW - Cell walls KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701480330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proteomics&rft.atitle=Proteome+profile+of+the+endomembrane+of+developing+coleoptiles+from+switchgrass+%28Panicum+virgatum%29&rft.au=Lao%2C+Jeemeng%3BSharma%2C+Manoj+K%3BSharma%2C+Rita%3BFernandez-Nino%2C+Susana+MGonzalez%3BSchmutz%2C+Jeremy%3BRonald%2C+Pamela+C%3BHeazlewood%2C+Joshua+L%3BSchwessinger%2C+Benjamin&rft.aulast=Lao&rft.aufirst=Jeemeng&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proteomics&rft.issn=16159853&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpmic.201400487 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prairies; Genetic resources; Data processing; Grasses; proteomics; Biomass; Crops; Coleoptile; Biofuels; Cell walls; Panicum virgatum DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201400487 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining the Biological Effectiveness of Components of High-LET Track Structure. AN - 1697210715; 26114329 AB - During space travel, astronauts are exposed to a wide array of high-linear energy transfer (LET) particles, with differing energies and resulting biological effects. Risk assessment of these exposures carries a large uncertainty predominantly due to the unique track structure of the particle's energy deposition. The complex damage elicited by high charge and energy (HZE) particles results from both lesions along the track core and from energetic electrons, δ rays, generated as a consequence of particle traversal. To better define how cells respond to this complex radiation exposure, a normal hTERT immortalized skin fibroblast cell line was exposed to a defined panel of particles carefully chosen to tease out track structure effects. Phosphorylation kinetics for several key double-strand break (DSB) response proteins (γ-H2AX, pATF2 and pSMC1) were defined after exposure to ten different high-LET radiation qualities and one low-LET radiation (X ray), at two doses (0.5-2 Gy) and time points (2 and 24 h). The results reveal that the lower energy particles (Fe 300, Si 93 and Ti 300 MeV/u), with a narrower track width and higher number and intensity of δ rays, cause the highest degree of persistent damage response. The persistent γ-H2AX signal at lower energies suggests that damage from these exposures are more difficult to resolve, likely due to the greater complexity of the associated DNA lesions. However, different kinetics were observed for the solely ATM-mediated phosphorylations (pATF2 and pSMC1), revealing a shallow induction at early times and a higher level of residual phosphorylation compared to γ-H2AX. The differing phospho-protein profiles exhibited, compared to γ-H2AX, suggests additional functions for these proteins within the cell. The strong correspondence between the predicted curves for energy deposition per nucleosome for each ion/energy combination and the persistent levels of γ-H2AX indicates that the nature of energy distribution defines residual levels of γ-H2AX, an indicator of unrepaired DSBs. Our results suggest that decreasing the energy of a particle results in more complex damage that may increase genomic instability and increase the risk of carcinogenesis. JF - Radiation research AU - Sridharan, Deepa M AU - Chappell, Lori J AU - Whalen, Mary K AU - Cucinotta, Francis A AU - Pluth, Janice M AD - a  Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Berkeley, California 94710; ; b  NASA, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas 77058; and. ; c  University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Health Physics and Diagnostic Sciences, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154. Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 105 EP - 119 VL - 184 IS - 1 KW - ATF2 protein, human KW - 0 KW - Activating Transcription Factor 2 KW - H2AFX protein, human KW - Histones KW - Nucleosomes KW - ATM protein, human KW - EC 2.7.11.1 KW - Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Nucleosomes -- radiation effects KW - DNA Damage KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins -- physiology KW - Fibroblasts -- radiation effects KW - Histones -- analysis KW - Cell Cycle -- radiation effects KW - Activating Transcription Factor 2 -- analysis KW - Linear Energy Transfer KW - Cosmic Radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1697210715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Defining+the+Biological+Effectiveness+of+Components+of+High-LET+Track+Structure.&rft.au=Sridharan%2C+Deepa+M%3BChappell%2C+Lori+J%3BWhalen%2C+Mary+K%3BCucinotta%2C+Francis+A%3BPluth%2C+Janice+M&rft.aulast=Sridharan&rft.aufirst=Deepa&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=184&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=1938-5404&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-09-30 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-activity relationship study of novel peptoids that mimic the structure of antimicrobial peptides. AN - 1688002244; 25941221 AB - The constant emergence of new bacterial strains that resist the effectiveness of marketed antimicrobials has led to an urgent demand for and intensive research on new classes of compounds to combat bacterial infections. Antimicrobial peptoids comprise one group of potential candidates for antimicrobial drug development. The present study highlights a library of 22 cationic amphipathic peptoids designed to target bacteria. All the peptoids share an overall net charge of +4 and are 8 to 9 residues long; however, the hydrophobicity and charge distribution along the abiotic backbone varied, thus allowing an examination of the structure-activity relationship within the library. In addition, the toxicity profiles of all peptoids were assessed in human red blood cells (hRBCs) and HeLa cells, revealing the low toxicity exerted by the majority of the peptoids. The structural optimization also identified two peptoid candidates, 3 and 4, with high selectivity ratios of 4 to 32 and 8 to 64, respectively, and a concentration-dependent bactericidal mode of action against Gram-negative Escherichia coli. JF - Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy AU - Mojsoska, Biljana AU - Zuckermann, Ronald N AU - Jenssen, Håvard AD - Department of Science, Systems, and Models, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark. ; Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. ; Department of Science, Systems, and Models, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark jenssen@ruc.dk. Y1 - 2015/07// PY - 2015 DA - July 2015 SP - 4112 EP - 4120 VL - 59 IS - 7 KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents KW - 0 KW - Peptides KW - Peptoids KW - Index Medicus KW - Hemolysis -- drug effects KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - HeLa Cells KW - Humans KW - Escherichia coli -- drug effects KW - Microbial Sensitivity Tests KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Peptoids -- chemistry KW - Peptoids -- toxicity KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- chemistry KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- pharmacology KW - Peptides -- chemistry KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents -- toxicity KW - Peptides -- pharmacology KW - Peptoids -- pharmacology KW - Peptides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1688002244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+agents+and+chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Structure-activity+relationship+study+of+novel+peptoids+that+mimic+the+structure+of+antimicrobial+peptides.&rft.au=Mojsoska%2C+Biljana%3BZuckermann%2C+Ronald+N%3BJenssen%2C+H%C3%A5vard&rft.aulast=Mojsoska&rft.aufirst=Biljana&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+agents+and+chemotherapy&rft.issn=1098-6596&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAAC.00237-15 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Sep;1758(9):1436-49 [16678118] Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006 Jul;19(3):491-511 [16847082] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Apr;51(4):1398-406 [17158938] J Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 13;370(3):459-70 [17532340] Nat Protoc. 2008;3(2):163-75 [18274517] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Feb 26;105(8):2794-9 [18287037] Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Jun 1;16(11):5853-61 [18490170] ACS Chem Biol. 2009 Jan 16;4(1):65-74 [19055425] J Med Chem. 2009 Apr 9;52(7):2006-15 [19296598] FEBS Lett. 2009 Aug 6;583(15):2507-12 [19589339] ACS Chem Biol. 2010 Oct 15;5(10):905-17 [20698568] Chem Biol Drug Des. 2011 Jan;77(1):48-56 [20942839] Chem Biol Drug Des. 2011 Feb;77(2):107-16 [21266014] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 May;1818(5):1274-83 [22290189] Amino Acids. 2013 Feb;44(2):645-60 [22914980] Sci Rep. 2013;3:2984 [24136089] ACS Nano. 2013 Oct 22;7(10):9276-86 [24016337] J Med Chem. 2014 Feb 27;57(4):1428-36 [24479371] PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e90397 [24587350] J Med Chem. 2014 Apr 10;57(7):2864-73 [24601601] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Nov 21;97(24):13003-8 [11087855] J Med Chem. 2003 Apr 24;46(9):1567-70 [12699374] J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Oct 8;125(40):12092-3 [14518985] Biotechnol Lett. 2004 Mar;26(6):493-8 [15127790] Am J Med. 1989 Nov 30;87(5A):2S-8S [2574005] Biochemistry. 1992 Dec 22;31(50):12688-94 [1472506] Methods Enzymol. 1996;267:437-47 [8743331] FEBS Lett. 1997 Nov 3;417(1):135-40 [9395091] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Feb 17;95(4):1517-22 [9465047] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2005 Mar;3(3):238-50 [15703760] J Biol Chem. 2005 Apr 1;280(13):12316-29 [15677462] Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2005 May;8(3):257-72 [15892627] J Pept Sci. 2005 Nov;11(11):727-34 [16161020] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Sep;1758(9):1184-202 [16756942] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00237-15 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ELECTROCHEMISTRY. High-performance transition metal-doped Pt₃Ni octahedra for oxygen reduction reaction. AN - 1687999899; 26068847 AB - Bimetallic platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanostructures represent an emerging class of electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells, but practical applications have been limited by catalytic activity and durability. We surface-doped Pt3Ni octahedra supported on carbon with transition metals, termed M-Pt3Ni/C, where M is vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, molybdenum (Mo), tungsten, or rhenium. The Mo-Pt3Ni/C showed the best ORR performance, with a specific activity of 10.3 mA/cm(2) and mass activity of 6.98 A/mg(Pt), which are 81- and 73-fold enhancements compared with the commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.127 mA/cm(2) and 0.096 A/mg(Pt)). Theoretical calculations suggest that Mo prefers subsurface positions near the particle edges in vacuum and surface vertex/edge sites in oxidizing conditions, where it enhances both the performance and the stability of the Pt3Ni catalyst. JF - Science (New York, N.Y.) AU - Huang, Xiaoqing AU - Zhao, Zipeng AU - Cao, Liang AU - Chen, Yu AU - Zhu, Enbo AU - Lin, Zhaoyang AU - Li, Mufan AU - Yan, Aiming AU - Zettl, Alex AU - Wang, Y Morris AU - Duan, Xiangfeng AU - Mueller, Tim AU - Huang, Yu AD - Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. ; Department of Physics and Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA 94550, USA. ; California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. tmueller@jhu.edu yhuang@seas.ucla.edu. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. tmueller@jhu.edu yhuang@seas.ucla.edu. Y1 - 2015/06/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 12 SP - 1230 EP - 1234 VL - 348 IS - 6240 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1687999899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=ELECTROCHEMISTRY.+High-performance+transition+metal-doped+Pt%E2%82%83Ni+octahedra+for+oxygen+reduction+reaction.&rft.au=Huang%2C+Xiaoqing%3BZhao%2C+Zipeng%3BCao%2C+Liang%3BChen%2C+Yu%3BZhu%2C+Enbo%3BLin%2C+Zhaoyang%3BLi%2C+Mufan%3BYan%2C+Aiming%3BZettl%2C+Alex%3BWang%2C+Y+Morris%3BDuan%2C+Xiangfeng%3BMueller%2C+Tim%3BHuang%2C+Yu&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoqing&rft.date=2015-06-12&rft.volume=348&rft.issue=6240&rft.spage=1230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=1095-9203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.aaa8765 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-07-07 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa8765 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Localization and dynamics of long-lived excitations in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals with dual quantum confinement. AN - 1683757519; 25807918 AB - Semiconductor nanocrystals consisting of a quantum dot (QD) core and a quantum well (QW) shell, where the QD and QW are separated by a tunneling barrier, offer a unique opportunity to engineer the photophysical properties of individual nanostructures. Using the thicknesses of the corresponding layers, the excitons of the first and second excited states can be separated spatially, localizing one state to the QD and the other to the QW. Thus the wave function overlap of the two states can be minimized, suppressing non-radiative thermalization between the two wells, which in turn leads to radiative relaxation from both states. The molecular analogy to such dual emission would be the inhibition of internal conversion, a special case that violates Kasha's rule. Using nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy of QDQW CdSe/ZnS onion-like nanocrystals, an intermediate regime of exciton separation and suppressed thermalization is identified where the non-radiative relaxation of the higher-energy state is slowed, but not completely inhibited. In this intermediate thermalization regime, the temporal evolution of the delayed emission spectra resulting from trapped carriers mimic the dynamics of such states in nanocrystals that consist of only a QD core. In stark contrast, when a higher-energy metastable state exists in the QW shell due to strongly suppressed interwell thermalization, the spectral dynamics of the long-lived excitations in the QD and QW, which are spectrally distinct, are amplified and differ from each other as well as from those in the core-only nanocrystals. This difference in spectral dynamics demonstrates the utility of exploiting well-defined exciton localization to study the nature and spatial dependence of the intriguing photophysics of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, and illustrates the power of nanosecond gated luminescence spectroscopy in illuminating complex relaxation dynamics which are entirely masked in steady-state or ultrafast spectroscopy. JF - Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry AU - Liu, Su AU - Borys, Nicholas J AU - Sapra, Sameer AU - Eychmüller, Alexander AU - Lupton, John M AD - Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 (USA). ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 (USA). njborys@lbl.gov. ; Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016 (India). ; Physical Chemistry, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden (Germany). Y1 - 2015/06/08/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 08 SP - 1663 EP - 1669 VL - 16 IS - 8 KW - time-resolved spectroscopy KW - quantum wells KW - quantum dots KW - semiconductors KW - nanostructures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1683757519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemphyschem+%3A+a+European+journal+of+chemical+physics+and+physical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Localization+and+dynamics+of+long-lived+excitations+in+colloidal+semiconductor+nanocrystals+with+dual+quantum+confinement.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Su%3BBorys%2C+Nicholas+J%3BSapra%2C+Sameer%3BEychm%C3%BCller%2C+Alexander%3BLupton%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Su&rft.date=2015-06-08&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemphyschem+%3A+a+European+journal+of+chemical+physics+and+physical+chemistry&rft.issn=1439-7641&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcphc.201402826 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-07-27 N1 - Date created - 2015-05-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201402826 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - eIF3 targets cell-proliferation messenger RNAs for translational activation or repression. AN - 1686409949; 25849773 AB - Regulation of protein synthesis is fundamental for all aspects of eukaryotic biology by controlling development, homeostasis and stress responses. The 13-subunit, 800-kilodalton eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3) organizes initiation factor and ribosome interactions required for productive translation. However, current understanding of eIF3 function does not explain genetic evidence correlating eIF3 deregulation with tissue-specific cancers and developmental defects. Here we report the genome-wide discovery of human transcripts that interact with eIF3 using photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP). eIF3 binds to a highly specific program of messenger RNAs involved in cell growth control processes, including cell cycling, differentiation and apoptosis, via the mRNA 5' untranslated region. Surprisingly, functional analysis of the interaction between eIF3 and two mRNAs encoding the cell proliferation regulators c-JUN and BTG1 reveals that eIF3 uses different modes of RNA stem-loop binding to exert either translational activation or repression. Our findings illuminate a new role for eIF3 in governing a specialized repertoire of gene expression and suggest that binding of eIF3 to specific mRNAs could be targeted to control carcinogenesis. JF - Nature AU - Lee, Amy S Y AU - Kranzusch, Philip J AU - Cate, Jamie H D AD - 1] Department of Molecular &Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; 1] Department of Molecular &Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; 1] Department of Molecular &Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [3] Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [4] Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2015/06/04/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 04 SP - 111 EP - 114 VL - 522 IS - 7554 KW - 5' Untranslated Regions KW - 0 KW - Cross-Linking Reagents KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3 KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Ribonucleosides KW - BTG1 protein, human KW - 146835-72-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ribosomes -- metabolism KW - 5' Untranslated Regions -- genetics KW - Apoptosis KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Immunoprecipitation KW - Cell Differentiation KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun -- metabolism KW - Organ Specificity KW - Binding Sites KW - Phenotype KW - Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Cell Proliferation -- genetics KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Transcriptome KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- metabolism KW - Cell Line KW - Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Down-Regulation KW - Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3 -- chemistry KW - Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3 -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686409949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=eIF3+targets+cell-proliferation+messenger+RNAs+for+translational+activation+or+repression.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Amy+S+Y%3BKranzusch%2C+Philip+J%3BCate%2C+Jamie+H+D&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Amy+S&rft.date=2015-06-04&rft.volume=522&rft.issue=7554&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature14267 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-06-25 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - GSE65004; GEO N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Br J Cancer. 2001 Jun 1;84(11):1520-7 [11384103] Cell. 2014 Aug 28;158(5):1123-35 [25171412] Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Nov;9(11):5134-42 [2601712] EMBO J. 1992 Apr;11(4):1663-70 [1373383] Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Aug;16(8):4504-11 [8754851] EMBO J. 1999 Jan 4;18(1):188-97 [9878062] Cell. 2005 Nov 18;123(4):569-80 [16286006] Methods. 2005 Dec;37(4):376-86 [16314267] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2007 Jan;5(1):29-38 [17128284] J Biol Chem. 2007 Feb 23;282(8):5790-800 [17170115] Nat Protoc. 2006;1(6):2856-60 [17406544] PLoS Genet. 2007 Apr 6;3(4):e56 [17411345] Mol Cell Proteomics. 2007 Jul;6(7):1135-46 [17322308] EMBO J. 2008 Jun 4;27(11):1609-21 [18464793] RNA. 2008 Oct;14(10):1979-90 [18772246] Bioinformatics. 2009 May 1;25(9):1105-11 [19289445] Genome Biol. 2009;10(3):R25 [19261174] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Feb;11(2):113-27 [20094052] Bioinformatics. 2010 Mar 15;26(6):841-2 [20110278] Nat Rev Cancer. 2010 Apr;10(4):254-66 [20332778] Cell. 2010 Apr 2;141(1):129-41 [20371350] Braz J Med Biol Res. 2010 Oct;43(10):920-30 [20922269] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Nov 16;107(46):20069-74 [20978208] Nat Protoc. 2011 May;6(5):563-71 [21527914] Cell. 2011 Apr 29;145(3):383-97 [21529712] Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2011 Aug;21(4):474-83 [21543223] Mol Cell. 2011 Aug 5;43(3):340-52 [21723171] Genome Biol. 2011;12(8):R79 [21851591] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Dec 20;108(51):20473-8 [22135459] PLoS Genet. 2012;8(2):e1002533 [22359517] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Oct 16;109(42):E2875-84 [23027969] Methods. 2012 Oct;58(2):164-70 [22885844] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jan 2;110(1):324-9 [23169626] Cell. 2013 May 23;153(5):1108-19 [23706745] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jun 11;110(24):9818-23 [23716667] Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Sep;41(16):7861-74 [23783572] Trends Biochem Sci. 2013 Nov;38(11):531-7 [24074826] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2013 Nov;20(11):1250-7 [24077223] Nature. 2013 Nov 28;503(7477):539-43 [24185006] Int J Mol Sci. 2014;15(7):11523-38 [24979134] Cell. 2014 Aug 28;158(5):1011-21 [25131990] J Cell Biol. 2004 Jan 19;164(2):175-84 [14734530] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14267 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk-Based High-Throughput Chemical Screening and Prioritization using Exposure Models and in Vitro Bioactivity Assays. AN - 1685752917; 25932772 AB - We present a risk-based high-throughput screening (HTS) method to identify chemicals for potential health concerns or for which additional information is needed. The method is applied to 180 organic chemicals as a case study. We first obtain information on how the chemical is used and identify relevant use scenarios (e.g., dermal application, indoor emissions). For each chemical and use scenario, exposure models are then used to calculate a chemical intake fraction, or a product intake fraction, accounting for chemical properties and the exposed population. We then combine these intake fractions with use scenario-specific estimates of chemical quantity to calculate daily intake rates (iR; mg/kg/day). These intake rates are compared to oral equivalent doses (OED; mg/kg/day), calculated from a suite of ToxCast in vitro bioactivity assays using in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation and reverse dosimetry. Bioactivity quotients (BQs) are calculated as iR/OED to obtain estimates of potential impact associated with each relevant use scenario. Of the 180 chemicals considered, 38 had maximum iRs exceeding minimum OEDs (i.e., BQs > 1). For most of these compounds, exposures are associated with direct intake, food/oral contact, or dermal exposure. The method provides high-throughput estimates of exposure and important input for decision makers to identify chemicals of concern for further evaluation with additional information or more refined models. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Shin, Hyeong-Moo AU - Ernstoff, Alexi AU - Arnot, Jon A AU - Wetmore, Barbara A AU - Csiszar, Susan A AU - Fantke, Peter AU - Zhang, Xianming AU - McKone, Thomas E AU - Jolliet, Olivier AU - Bennett, Deborah H AD - †Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States. ; ‡Quantitative Sustainability Assessment Division, Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark. ; ∥ARC Arnot Research and Consulting, Toronto, Ontario M4M 1W4 , Canada. ; ∇The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States. ; §Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States. ; ○Harvard School of Public Health and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States. ; ◆Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 , United States. Y1 - 2015/06/02/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jun 02 SP - 6760 EP - 6771 VL - 49 IS - 11 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Databases as Topic KW - High-Throughput Screening Assays -- methods KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Biological Assay KW - Risk Assessment KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1685752917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Risk-Based+High-Throughput+Chemical+Screening+and+Prioritization+using+Exposure+Models+and+in+Vitro+Bioactivity+Assays.&rft.au=Shin%2C+Hyeong-Moo%3BErnstoff%2C+Alexi%3BArnot%2C+Jon+A%3BWetmore%2C+Barbara+A%3BCsiszar%2C+Susan+A%3BFantke%2C+Peter%3BZhang%2C+Xianming%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E%3BJolliet%2C+Olivier%3BBennett%2C+Deborah+H&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=Hyeong-Moo&rft.date=2015-06-02&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=6760&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.est.5b00498 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-01-28 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b00498 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On continuous and discontinuous approaches for modeling groundwater flow in heterogeneous media using the numerical manifold method; model development and comparison AN - 1832653010; 740671-3 AB - One major challenge in modeling groundwater flow within heterogeneous geological media is that of modeling arbitrarily oriented or intersected boundaries and inner material interfaces. The Numerical Manifold Method (NMM) has recently emerged as a promising method for such modeling, in its ability to handle boundaries, its flexibility in constructing physical cover functions (continuous or with gradient jump), its meshing efficiency with a fixed mathematical mesh (covers), its convenience for enhancing approximation precision, and its integration precision, achieved by simplex integration. In this paper, we report on developing and comparing two new approaches for boundary constraints using the NMM, namely a continuous approach with jump functions and a discontinuous approach with Lagrange multipliers. In the discontinuous Lagrange multiplier method (LMM), the material interfaces are regarded as discontinuities which divide mathematical covers into different physical covers. We define and derive stringent forms of Lagrange multipliers to link the divided physical covers, thus satisfying the continuity requirement of the refraction law. In the continuous Jump Function Method (JFM), the material interfaces are regarded as inner interfaces contained within physical covers. We briefly define jump terms to represent the discontinuity of the head gradient across an interface to satisfy the refraction law. We then make a theoretical comparison between the two approaches in terms of global degrees of freedom, treatment of multiple material interfaces, treatment of small area, treatment of moving interfaces, the feasibility of coupling with mechanical analysis and applicability to other numerical methods. The newly derived boundary-constraint approaches are coded into a NMM model for groundwater flow analysis, and tested for precision and efficiency on different simulation examples. We first test the LMM for a Dirichlet boundary and then test both LMM and JFM for an idealized heterogeneous model, comparing the numerical results with analytical solutions. Then we test both approaches for a heterogeneous model and compare the results of hydraulic head and specific discharge. We show that both approaches are suitable for modeling material boundaries, considering high accuracy for the boundary constraints, the capability to deal with arbitrarily oriented or complexly intersected boundaries, and their efficiency using a fixed mathematical mesh. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Advances in Water Resources AU - Hu, Mengsu AU - Wang, Yuan AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 17 EP - 29 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 80 SN - 0309-1708, 0309-1708 KW - Lagrange multiplier method KW - heterogeneous materials KW - refraction law KW - interfaces KW - numerical manifold method KW - fluid flow KW - jump function method KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832653010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=On+continuous+and+discontinuous+approaches+for+modeling+groundwater+flow+in+heterogeneous+media+using+the+numerical+manifold+method%3B+model+development+and+comparison&rft.au=Hu%2C+Mengsu%3BWang%2C+Yuan%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Mengsu&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advances+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=03091708&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2015.03.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03091708 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; fluid flow; ground water; heterogeneous materials; interfaces; jump function method; Lagrange multiplier method; numerical manifold method; refraction law DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.03.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport codes for subsurface environmental simulation AN - 1832643177; 756301-3 AB - A general description of the mathematical and numerical formulations used in modern numerical reactive transport codes relevant for subsurface environmental simulations is presented. The formulations are followed by short descriptions of commonly used and available subsurface simulators that consider continuum representations of flow, transport, and reactions in porous media. These formulations are applicable to most of the subsurface environmental benchmark problems included in this special issue. The list of codes described briefly here includes PHREEQC, HPx, PHT3D, OpenGeoSys (OGS), HYTEC, ORCHESTRA, TOUGHREACT, eSTOMP, HYDROGEOCHEM, CrunchFlow, MIN3P, and PFLOTRAN. The descriptions include a high-level list of capabilities for each of the codes, along with a selective list of applications that highlight their capabilities and historical development. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland and 2014 The Author(s) JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Steefel, C I AU - Appelo, C A J AU - Arora, B AU - Jacques, D AU - Kalbacher, T AU - Kolditz, O AU - Lagneau, V AU - Lichtner, P C AU - Mayer, K U AU - Meeussen, J C L AU - Molins, S AU - Moulton, D AU - Shao, H AU - Sim&U+016F;nek, J AU - Spycher, N AU - Yabusaki, S B AU - Yeh, G T Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 445 EP - 478 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832643177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+codes+for+subsurface+environmental+simulation&rft.au=Steefel%2C+C+I%3BAppelo%2C+C+A+J%3BArora%2C+B%3BJacques%2C+D%3BKalbacher%2C+T%3BKolditz%2C+O%3BLagneau%2C+V%3BLichtner%2C+P+C%3BMayer%2C+K+U%3BMeeussen%2C+J+C+L%3BMolins%2C+S%3BMoulton%2C+D%3BShao%2C+H%3BSim%26amp%3BU%2B016F%3Bnek%2C+J%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BYabusaki%2C+S+B%3BYeh%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-014-9443-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9443-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reactive transport benchmark on modeling biogenic uraninite re-oxidation by Fe(III)-(hydr)oxides AN - 1832643165; 756301-9 AB - A reactive transport benchmark on uranium (U) bioreduction and concomitant reoxidation has been developed based on the multicomponent biogeochemical reaction network presented by Spycher et al. (Geochim Cosmochim Acta 75:4426-4440, 2011). The benchmark problem consists of a model inter-comparison starting with the numerical simulations of the original batch experiments of Sani et al. (Geochim Cosmochim Acta 68:2639-2648, 2004). The batch model is then extended to 1D and 2D reactive transport models, designed to evaluate the model results for the key biogeochemical reaction processes and their coupling with physical transport. Simulations are performed with four different reactive transport simulators: PHREEQC, PHT3D, MIN3P, and TOUGHREACT. All of the simulators are able to capture the complex biogeochemical reaction kinetics and the coupling between transport and kinetic reaction network successfully in the same manner. For the dispersion-free variant of the problem, a 1D-reference solution was obtained by PHREEQC, which is not affected by numerical dispersion. PHT3D using the sequential non-iterative approach (SNIA) with an explicit TVD scheme and MIN3P using the global implicit method (GIM) with an implicit van Leer flux limiter provided the closest approximation to the PHREEQC results. Since the spatial weighting schemes for the advection term and numerical dispersion played an important role for the accuracy of the results, the simulators were further compared using different solution schemes. When all codes used the same spatial weighting scheme with finite-difference approximation, the simulation results agreed very well among all four codes. The model intercomparison for the 2D-case demonstrated a high level of sensitivity to the mixing of different waters at the dispersive front. Therefore this benchmark problem is well-suited to assess code performance for mixing-controlled reactive transport models in conjunction with complex reaction kinetics. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Sengoer, S Sevinc AU - Mayer, K Ulrich AU - Greskowiak, Janek AU - Wanner, Christoph AU - Su, Danyang AU - Prommer, Henning Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 569 EP - 583 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832643165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=A+reactive+transport+benchmark+on+modeling+biogenic+uraninite+re-oxidation+by+Fe%28III%29-%28hydr%29oxides&rft.au=Sengoer%2C+S+Sevinc%3BMayer%2C+K+Ulrich%3BGreskowiak%2C+Janek%3BWanner%2C+Christoph%3BSu%2C+Danyang%3BPrommer%2C+Henning&rft.aulast=Sengoer&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-015-9480-0 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-015-9480-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmarks for multicomponent reactive transport across a cement/clay interface AN - 1832642547; 756301-13 AB - The use of the subsurface for CO (sub 2) storage, geothermal energy generation, and nuclear waste disposal will greatly increase the interaction between clay(stone) and concrete. The development of models describing the mineralogical transformations at this interface is complicated, because contrasting geochemical conditions (Eh, pH, solution composition, etc.) induce steep concentration gradients and a high mineral reactivity. Due to the complexity of the problem, analytical solutions are not available to verify code accuracy, rendering code intercomparisons as the most efficient method for assessing code capabilities and for building confidence in the used model. A benchmark problem was established for tackling this issue. We summarize three scenarios with increasing geochemical complexity in this paper. The processes considered in the simulations are diffusion-controlled transport in saturated media under isothermal conditions, cation exchange reactions, and both local equilibrium and kinetically controlled mineral dissolution-precipitation reactions. No update of the pore diffusion coefficient as a function of porosity changes was considered. Seven international teams participated in this benchmarking exercise. The reactive transport codes used (TOUGHREACT, PHREEQC, with two different ways of handling transport, CRUNCH, HYTEC, ORCHESTRA, MIN3P-THCm) gave very similar patterns in terms of predicted solute concentrations and mineral distributions. Some differences linked to the considered activity models were observed, but they do not bias the general system evolution. The benchmarking exercise thus demonstrates that a reactive transport modelling specification for long-term performance assessment can be consistently addressed by multiple simulators. Copyright 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Marty, Nicolas C M AU - Bildstein, Olivier AU - Blanc, Philippe AU - Claret, Francis AU - Cochepin, Benoit AU - Gaucher, Eric C AU - Jacques, Diederik AU - Lartigue, Jean-Eric AU - Liu, Sanheng AU - Mayer, K Ulrich AU - Meeussen, Johannes C L AU - Munier, Isabelle AU - Pointeau, Ingmar AU - Su, Danyang AU - Steefel, Carl I Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 635 EP - 653 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832642547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Benchmarks+for+multicomponent+reactive+transport+across+a+cement%2Fclay+interface&rft.au=Marty%2C+Nicolas+C+M%3BBildstein%2C+Olivier%3BBlanc%2C+Philippe%3BClaret%2C+Francis%3BCochepin%2C+Benoit%3BGaucher%2C+Eric+C%3BJacques%2C+Diederik%3BLartigue%2C+Jean-Eric%3BLiu%2C+Sanheng%3BMayer%2C+K+Ulrich%3BMeeussen%2C+Johannes+C+L%3BMunier%2C+Isabelle%3BPointeau%2C+Ingmar%3BSu%2C+Danyang%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I&rft.aulast=Marty&rft.aufirst=Nicolas+C&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=635&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-014-9463-6 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - SuppNotes - The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10596-014-9463-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9463-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmark problems for reactive transport modeling of the generation and attenuation of acid rock drainage AN - 1832626393; 756301-11 AB - Acid rock drainage (ARD) is a problem of international relevance with substantial environmental and economic implications. Reactive transport modeling has proven a powerful tool for the process-based assessment of metal release and attenuation at ARD sites. Although a variety of models has been used to investigate ARD, a systematic model intercomparison has not been conducted to date. This contribution presents such a model intercomparison involving three synthetic benchmark problems designed to evaluate model results for the most relevant processes at ARD sites. The first benchmark (ARD-B1) focuses on the oxidation of sulfide minerals in an unsaturated tailing impoundment, affected by the ingress of atmospheric oxygen. ARD-B2 extends the first problem to include pH buffering by primary mineral dissolution and secondary mineral precipitation. The third problem (ARD-B3) in addition considers the kinetic and pH-dependent dissolution of silicate minerals under low pH conditions. The set of benchmarks was solved by four reactive transport codes, namely CrunchFlow, Flotran, HP1, and MIN3P. The results comparison focused on spatial profiles of dissolved concentrations, pH and pE, pore gas composition, and mineral assemblages. In addition, results of transient profiles for selected elements and cumulative mass loadings were considered in the intercomparison. Despite substantial differences in model formulations, very good agreement was obtained between the various codes. Residual deviations between the results are analyzed and discussed in terms of their implications for capturing system evolution and long-term mass loading predictions. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Mayer, K Ulrich AU - Alt-Epping, Peter AU - Jacques, Diederik AU - Arora, Bhavna AU - Steefel, Carl I Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 599 EP - 611 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832626393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Benchmark+problems+for+reactive+transport+modeling+of+the+generation+and+attenuation+of+acid+rock+drainage&rft.au=Mayer%2C+K+Ulrich%3BAlt-Epping%2C+Peter%3BJacques%2C+Diederik%3BArora%2C+Bhavna%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I&rft.aulast=Mayer&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-015-9476-9 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - SuppNotes - The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10596-015-9476-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-015-9476-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A benchmark for microbially mediated chromium reduction under denitrifying conditions in a biostimulation column experiment AN - 1832626241; 756301-4 AB - Bioremediation efforts in aquifers contaminated with redox-sensitive contaminants often rely on in situ reductive immobilization. The bioremediation treatment usually involves injection of organic carbon into the subsurface (e.g., acetate) to stimulate the growth of indigenous bacteria that mediate the relevant redox processes that immobilize the target contaminant. Batch and flow-through column experimental studies are conducted to elucidate reaction networks associated with specific electron acceptor pathways and/or specific bacterial isolates. The proposed benchmark involves the simulation of microbially mediated chromium reduction under denitrifying conditions in biostimulated batch and flow-through column experiments. Simulated reactive processes include multicomponent aqueous complexation, kinetically controlled mineral precipitation and dissolution, biologically mediated reactions, and biomass growth and decay. The focus of the benchmark problem set is on the simulation of microbially mediated redox reactions with the explicit inclusion of the microbial community dynamics and the impacts on reaction rates. Rate expressions for microbially mediated redox reactions include kinetic limitations (Monod and inhibition terms) as well as thermodynamic limitations. Both catabolic (energy) and anabolic pathways (biomass growth) are considered in the microbially mediated reactions. Microbial biomass is assumed to be bound to the sediment (non-planktonic). Any reactive transport model used to reproduce results of this benchmark problem must be capable of simulating multicomponent aqueous complexation, kinetically controlled mineral precipitation and dissolution and kinetically controlled aqueous reactions. Though convenient, it is not necessary to allow for specific stoichiometric relationships for catabolic and anabolic pathways; only the overall reaction stoichiometry is used. Rate expressions for microbially mediated reaction must include a rate constant, the biomass concentration, and a number of Monod and inhibition terms. To ensure that the results presented in this paper were the correct solutions to the problems posed, the general-purpose reactive transport codes CrunchFlow, PHT3D, ToughReact, and MIN3P were used to perform the simulations. In general, results obtained with all codes show excellent agreement. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland and 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland (outside the USA) JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Greskowiak, Janek AU - Wanner, Christoph AU - Mayer, K Ulrich Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 479 EP - 496 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832626241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=A+benchmark+for+microbially+mediated+chromium+reduction+under+denitrifying+conditions+in+a+biostimulation+column+experiment&rft.au=Molins%2C+Sergi%3BGreskowiak%2C+Janek%3BWanner%2C+Christoph%3BMayer%2C+K+Ulrich&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=Sergi&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-014-9432-0 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - SuppNotes - The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10596-014-9432-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9432-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmarking the simulation of Cr isotope fractionation AN - 1832625686; 756301-5 AB - A benchmark problem set consisting of four problem levels was developed for the simulation of Cr isotope fractionation in 1D and 2D domains. The benchmark is based on a recent field study where Cr(VI) reduction and accompanying Cr isotope fractionation occurs abiotically by an aqueous reaction with dissolved Fe (super 2+) (Wanner et al., 2012., Appl. Geochem., 27, 644-662). The problem set includes simulation of the major processes affecting the Cr isotopic composition such as the dissolution of various Cr(VI) bearing minerals, fractionation during abiotic aqueous Cr(VI) reduction, and non-fractionating precipitation of Cr(III) as sparingly soluble Cr-hydroxide. Accuracy of the presented solutions was ensured by running the problems with four well-established reactive transport modeling codes: TOUGHREACT, MIN3P, CRUNCHFLOW, and FLOTRAN. Results were also compared with an analytical Rayleigh-type fractionation model. An additional constraint on the correctness of the results was obtained by comparing output from the problem levels simulating Cr isotope fractionation with the corresponding ones only simulating bulk concentrations. For all problem levels, model to model comparisons showed excellent agreement, suggesting that for the tested geochemical processes any code is capable of accurately simulating the fate of individual Cr isotopes. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland and 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland (outside the USA) JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Wanner, Christoph AU - Druhan, Jennifer L AU - Amos, Richard T AU - Alt-Epping, Peter AU - Steefel, Carl I Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 497 EP - 521 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832625686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Benchmarking+the+simulation+of+Cr+isotope+fractionation&rft.au=Wanner%2C+Christoph%3BDruhan%2C+Jennifer+L%3BAmos%2C+Richard+T%3BAlt-Epping%2C+Peter%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I&rft.aulast=Wanner&rft.aufirst=Christoph&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-014-9436-9 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - SuppNotes - The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10596-014-9436-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9436-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmarks for multicomponent diffusion and electrochemical migration AN - 1832625345; 756301-6 AB - In multicomponent electrolyte solutions, the tendency of ions to diffuse at different rates results in a charge imbalance that is counteracted by the electrostatic coupling between charged species leading to a process called "electrochemical migration" or "electromigration." Although not commonly considered in solute transport problems, electromigration can strongly affect mass transport processes. The number of reactive transport models that consider electromigration has been growing in recent years, but a direct model intercomparison that specifically focuses on the role of electromigration has not been published to date. This contribution provides a set of three benchmark problems that demonstrate the effect of electric coupling during multicomponent diffusion and electrochemical migration and at the same time facilitate the intercomparison of solutions from existing reactive transport codes. The first benchmark focuses on the 1D transient diffusion of HNO (sub 3) (pH = 4) in a NaCl solution into a fixed concentration reservoir, also containing NaCl-but with lower HNO (sub 3) concentrations (pH = 6). The second benchmark describes the 1D steady-state migration of the sodium isotope (super 22) Na triggered by sodium chloride diffusion in neutral pH water. The third benchmark presents a flow-through problem in which transverse dispersion is significantly affected by electromigration. The system is described by 1D transient and 2D steady-state models. Very good agreement on all of the benchmarks was obtained with the three reactive transport codes used: CrunchFlow, MIN3P, and PHREEQC. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Rasouli, Pejman AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Mayer, K Ulrich AU - Rolle, Massimo Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 523 EP - 533 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832625345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Benchmarks+for+multicomponent+diffusion+and+electrochemical+migration&rft.au=Rasouli%2C+Pejman%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BMayer%2C+K+Ulrich%3BRolle%2C+Massimo&rft.aulast=Rasouli&rft.aufirst=Pejman&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-015-9481-z L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - SuppNotes - The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10596-015-9481-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-015-9481-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implementation and evaluation of permeability-porosity and tortuosity-porosity relationships linked to mineral dissolution-precipitation AN - 1832624723; 756301-14 AB - Changes of porosity, permeability, and tortuosity due to physical and geochemical processes are of vital importance for a variety of hydrogeological systems, including passive treatment facilities for contaminated groundwater, engineered barrier systems (EBS), and host rocks for high-level nuclear waste (HLW) repositories. Due to the nonlinear nature and chemical complexity of the problem, in most cases, it is impossible to verify reactive transport codes analytically, and code intercomparisons are the most suitable method to assess code capabilities and model performance. This paper summarizes model intercomparisons for six hypothetical scenarios with generally increasing geochemical or physical complexity using the reactive transport codes CrunchFlow, HP1, MIN3P, PFlotran, and TOUGHREACT. Benchmark problems include the enhancement of porosity and permeability through mineral dissolution, as well as near complete clogging due to localized mineral precipitation, leading to reduction of permeability and tortuosity. Processes considered in the benchmark simulations are advective-dispersive transport in saturated media, kinetically controlled mineral dissolution-precipitation, and aqueous complexation. Porosity changes are induced by mineral dissolution-precipitation reactions, and the Carman-Kozeny relationship is used to describe changes in permeability as a function of porosity. Archie's law is used to update the tortuosity and the pore diffusion coefficient as a function of porosity. Results demonstrate that, generally, good agreement is reached amongst the computer models despite significant differences in model formulations. Some differences are observed, in particular for the more complex scenarios involving clogging; however, these differences do not affect the interpretation of system behavior and evolution. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Xie, Mingliang AU - Mayer, K Ulrich AU - Claret, Francis AU - Alt-Epping, Peter AU - Jacques, Diederik AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Chiaberge, Christophe AU - Simunek, Jiri Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 655 EP - 671 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832624723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Implementation+and+evaluation+of+permeability-porosity+and+tortuosity-porosity+relationships+linked+to+mineral+dissolution-precipitation&rft.au=Xie%2C+Mingliang%3BMayer%2C+K+Ulrich%3BClaret%2C+Francis%3BAlt-Epping%2C+Peter%3BJacques%2C+Diederik%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BChiaberge%2C+Christophe%3BSimunek%2C+Jiri&rft.aulast=Xie&rft.aufirst=Mingliang&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=655&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-014-9458-3 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - SuppNotes - Electronic supplementary material: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10596-014-9458-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9458-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmark reactive transport simulations of a column experiment in compacted bentonite with multispecies diffusion and explicit treatment of electrostatic effects AN - 1832624134; 756301-7 AB - Bentonite clay is considered as a potential buffer and backfill material in subsurface repositories for high-level nuclear waste. As a result of its low permeability, transport of water and solutes in compacted bentonite is driven primarily by diffusion. Developing models for species transport in bentonite is complicated, because of the interaction of charged species and the negative surface charge of clay mineral surfaces. The effective diffusion coefficient of an ion in bentonite depends on the ion's polarity and valence, on the ionic strength of the solution, and on the bulk dry density of the bentonite. These dependencies need to be understood and incorporated into models if one wants to predict the effectiveness of bentonite as a barrier to radionuclides in a nuclear repository. In this work, we present a benchmark problem for reactive transport simulators based on a flow-through experiment carried out on a saturated bentonite core. The measured effluent composition shows the complex interplay of species transport in a charged medium in combination with sorption and mineral precipitation/dissolution reactions. The codes compared in this study are PHREEQC, CrunchFlow, FLOTRAN, and MIN3P. The benchmark problem is divided into four component problems of increasing complexity, leading up to the main problem which addresses the effects of advective and diffusive transport of ions through bentonite with explicit treatment of electrostatic effects. All codes show excellent agreement between results provided that the activity model, Debye-Hueckel parameters, and thermodynamic data used in the simulations are consistent. A comparison of results using species-specific diffusion and uniform species diffusion reveals that simulated species concentrations in the effluent differ by less than 8 %, and that these differences vanish as the system approaches steady state. Copyright 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Alt-Epping, P AU - Tournassat, C AU - Rasouli, P AU - Steefel, C I AU - Mayer, K U AU - Jenni, A AU - Maeder, U AU - Sengor, S S AU - Fernandez, R Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 535 EP - 550 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832624134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Benchmark+reactive+transport+simulations+of+a+column+experiment+in+compacted+bentonite+with+multispecies+diffusion+and+explicit+treatment+of+electrostatic+effects&rft.au=Alt-Epping%2C+P%3BTournassat%2C+C%3BRasouli%2C+P%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BMayer%2C+K+U%3BJenni%2C+A%3BMaeder%2C+U%3BSengor%2C+S+S%3BFernandez%2C+R&rft.aulast=Alt-Epping&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-014-9451-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9451-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reactive transport benchmark on heavy metal cycling in lake sediments AN - 1832624102; 756301-12 AB - Sediments are active recipients of anthropogenic inputs, including heavy metals, but may be difficult to interpret without the use of numerical models that capture sediment-metal interactions and provide an accurate representation of the intricately coupled sedimentological, geochemical, and biological processes. The focus of this study is to present a benchmark problem on heavy metal cycling in lake sediments and to compare reactive transport models (RTMs) in their treatment of the local-scale physical and biogeochemical processes. This benchmark problem has been developed based on a previously published reactive-diffusive model of metal transport in the sediments of Lake Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. Key processes included in this model are microbial reductive dissolution of iron hydroxides (i.e., ferrihydrite), the release of sorbed metals into pore water, reaction of these metals with biogenic sulfide to form sulfide minerals, and sedimentation driving the burial of ferrihydrite and other minerals. This benchmark thus considers a multicomponent biotic reaction network with multiple terminal electron acceptors (TEAs), Fickian diffusive transport, kinetic and equilibrium mineral precipitation and dissolution, aqueous and surface complexation, as well as (optionally) sedimentation. To test the accuracy of the reactive transport problem solution, four RTMs-TOUGHREACT (TR), CrunchFlow (CF), PHREEQC, and PHT3D-have been used. Without sedimentation, all four models are able to predict similar trends of TEAs and dissolved metal concentrations, as well as mineral abundances. TR and CF are further used to compare sedimentation and compaction test cases. Results with different sedimentation rates are captured by both models, but since the codes do not use the same formulation for compaction, the results differ for this test case. Although, both TR and CF adequately capture the trends of aqueous concentrations and mineral abundances, the difference in results highlights the need to consider further the conceptual and numerical models that link transport, biogeochemical reactions, and sedimentation. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland and 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014 (outside the USA) JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Arora, Bhavna AU - Sengoer, S Sevinc AU - Spycher, Nicolas F AU - Steefel, Carl I Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 613 EP - 633 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832624102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=A+reactive+transport+benchmark+on+heavy+metal+cycling+in+lake+sediments&rft.au=Arora%2C+Bhavna%3BSengoer%2C+S+Sevinc%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas+F%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=Bhavna&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-014-9445-8 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-014-9445-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport benchmarks for subsurface environmental simulation AN - 1832623730; 756301-2 JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AU - Mayer, K Ulrich Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 439 EP - 443 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832623730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+benchmarks+for+subsurface+environmental+simulation&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl+I%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven+B%3BMayer%2C+K+Ulrich&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=439&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-015-9499-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-015-9499-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of chromium bioremediation products in flow-through column sediments using micro-X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption spectroscopy AN - 1812220701; 2016-072016 AB - Microbially mediated reductive immobilization of chromium is a possible remediation technique for sites contaminated with Cr(VI). This study is part of a broader effort investigating the biogeochemical mechanisms for Cr(VI) reduction in Hanford 100H aquifer sediments using flow-through laboratory columns. It had previously been shown that reduced chromium in the solid phase was in the form of freshly precipitated mixed-phase Cr(III)-Fe(III) (hydr)oxides, irrespective of the biogeochemical conditions in the columns. In this study, the reduced Cr phases in the columns were investigated further using spectroscopy to understand the structure and mechanisms involved in the formation of the end products. Several samples representing potential processes that could be occurring in the columns were synthesized in the laboratory and characterized using X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and X-ray scattering. The XANES of Cr(III) particles in the columns most closely resembled those from synthetic samples produced by the abiotic reaction of Cr(VI) with microbially reduced Fe(II). Microbially mediated Cr-Fe reduction products were distinct from abiotic Cr-Fe (hydr)oxides [Cr (sub x) Fe (sub 1-x) (OH) (sub 3) ] and organically complexed Cr(III) sorbed onto the surface of a mixed ferrihydrite-goethite mineral phase. Furthermore, analyses of the abiotically synthesized samples revealed that even the end products of purely abiotic, iron-mediated reduction of Cr(VI) are affected by factors such as the presence of excess aqueous Fe(II) and cellular matter. These results suggest that Cr (sub x) Fe (sub 1-x) (OH) (sub 3) phases made under realistic subsurface conditions or in biotic cultures are structurally different from pure Cr(OH) (sub 3) or laboratory-synthesized Cr (sub x) Fe (sub 1-x) (OH) (sub 3) . The observed structural differences imply that the reactivity and stability of biogenic Cr (sub x) Fe (sub 1-x) (OH) (sub 3) could potentially be different from that of abiotic Cr (sub x) Fe (sub 1-x) (OH) (sub 3) . JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Varadharajan, Charuleka AU - Han, Ruyang AU - Beller, Harry R AU - Yang, Li AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Michel, Marc AU - Nico, Peter S Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 729 EP - 738 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 44 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - United States KW - sorption KW - goethite KW - characterization KW - mechanism KW - hydrolysis KW - suspended materials KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - reactivity KW - transport KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - chromium KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - principal components analysis KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - solubility KW - bioremediation KW - ferrihydrite KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron hydroxides KW - aquifers KW - hydroxides KW - provenance KW - hexavalent chromium KW - detection KW - soil pollution KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812220701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+chromium+bioremediation+products+in+flow-through+column+sediments+using+micro-X-ray+fluorescence+and+X-ray+absorption+spectroscopy&rft.au=Varadharajan%2C+Charuleka%3BHan%2C+Ruyang%3BBeller%2C+Harry+R%3BYang%2C+Li%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BMichel%2C+Marc%3BNico%2C+Peter+S&rft.aulast=Varadharajan&rft.aufirst=Charuleka&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=729&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/10.2134%2Fjeq2014.08.0329 L2 - https://www.agronomy.org/publications/jeq LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biochemistry; bioremediation; characterization; chromium; detection; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; goethite; ground water; Hanford Site; hexavalent chromium; hydrolysis; hydroxides; iron hydroxides; laboratory studies; mechanism; metals; migration of elements; oxidation; oxides; pollution; porous materials; precipitation; principal components analysis; provenance; reactivity; remediation; sampling; sediments; soil pollution; soils; solubility; sorption; spectra; statistical analysis; suspended materials; toxic materials; transport; United States; Washington; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2014.08.0329 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observed allocations of productivity and biomass, and turnover times in tropical forests are not accurately represented in CMIP5 Earth system models AN - 1776655718; PQ0002757399 AB - A significant fraction of anthropogenic CO sub(2) emissions is assimilated by tropical forests and stored as biomass, slowing the accumulation of CO sub(2) in the atmosphere. Because different plant tissues have different functional roles and turnover times, predictions of carbon balance of tropical forests depend on how earth system models (ESMs) represent the dynamic allocation of productivity to different tree compartments. This study shows that observed allocation of productivity, biomass, and turnover times of main tree compartments (leaves, wood, and roots) are not accurately represented in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ESMs. In particular, observations indicate that biomass saturates with increasing productivity. In contrast, most models predict continuous increases in biomass with increases in productivity. This bias may lead to an over-prediction of carbon uptake in response to CO sub(2) or climate-driven changes in productivity. Compartment-specific productivity and biomass are useful benchmarks to assess terrestrial ecosystem model performance. Improvements in the predicted allocation patterns and turnover times by ESMs will reduce uncertainties in climate predictions. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Negron-Juarez, Robinson I AU - Koven, Charles D AU - Riley, William J AU - Knox, Ryan G AU - Chambers, Jeffrey Q AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS74R316C, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, robinson.inj@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Climate prediction KW - Climate KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Wood KW - Biomass KW - Atmosphere KW - Tropical forests KW - Terrestrial ecosystems KW - Emissions KW - Uptake KW - Benchmarks KW - Carbon dioxide KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776655718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Observed+allocations+of+productivity+and+biomass%2C+and+turnover+times+in+tropical+forests+are+not+accurately+represented+in+CMIP5+Earth+system+models&rft.au=Negron-Juarez%2C+Robinson+I%3BKoven%2C+Charles+D%3BRiley%2C+William+J%3BKnox%2C+Ryan+G%3BChambers%2C+Jeffrey+Q&rft.aulast=Negron-Juarez&rft.aufirst=Robinson&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F10%2F6%2F064017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Climate prediction; Climate; Anthropogenic factors; Wood; Biomass; Atmosphere; Tropical forests; Terrestrial ecosystems; Emissions; Uptake; Carbon dioxide; Benchmarks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/6/064017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calorimetric evaluation indicates that lignin conversion to advanced biofuels is vital to improving energy yields AN - 1701484520; PQ0001675588 AB - Energy density measurements using bomb calorimetry were applied along with mass yields to calculate energy yields from combinations of individual processes and lignocellulosic feedstocks. Sample preparation and the calorimetric method were fine-tuned for the biofuel process pathway prior to measuring the energy density of liquid fuels and catalysts and solid biomass types (untreated, pelletized, pretreated, and enzymatically hydrolyzed). To statistically establish the method, correlations between biomass composition and energy densities were tested. Strong correlations with lignin, hemicellulose, and ash concentrations were observed and statistically validated (Pearson's coefficient, r= 0.92 and -0.81, respectively). Finally, energy densities were applied along with mass yields on a process pathway including ionic liquid pretreatment (6 L) and saccharification (2 L) of three feedstocks. From switchgrass, eucalyptus, and mixed feedstocks, mass yields of 54.4, 62.0, and 61.7% led to energy yields that were observed to be 59.2, 55.9, and 61.0%, respectively. The disparity in change in mass and energy yields between switchgrass and eucalyptus was identified to have originated from the varied lignin removal during pretreatment. The overall energies recovered from 600 g of switchgrass, eucalyptus, and mixed feedstocks, were 9.8, 10.3, and 10.1 MJ, respectively. Calorimetry can promptly evaluate an integrated multi-process pathway to convert a discrete or mixed feedstock to sugars and other metabolites and eventually to advanced biofuels that can either be hydrocarbons or a mixture thereof. In this particular study, calorimetry and mass yields indicated that lignin removal led to lower energy yield to liquid fuels. JF - RSC Advances AU - Gardner, James L AU - He, Wei AU - Li, Chenlin AU - Wong, Jessica AU - Sale, Kenneth L AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AU - Tanjore, Deepti AD - Advanced Biofuels Process Demonstration Unit; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; One Cyclotron Road MS 978-3200; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA; +510-495-2174; +510-495-8037; , dtanjore@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - Jun 2015 SP - 51092 EP - 51101 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 5 IS - 63 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Sugar KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Fuels KW - Metabolites KW - Biomass KW - Eucalyptus KW - hemicellulose KW - Energy KW - Lignin KW - Calorimetry KW - Catalysts KW - Biofuels KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701484520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RSC+Advances&rft.atitle=Calorimetric+evaluation+indicates+that+lignin+conversion+to+advanced+biofuels+is+vital+to+improving+energy+yields&rft.au=Gardner%2C+James+L%3BHe%2C+Wei%3BLi%2C+Chenlin%3BWong%2C+Jessica%3BSale%2C+Kenneth+L%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BTanjore%2C+Deepti&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=63&rft.spage=51092&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RSC+Advances&rft.issn=2046-2069&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc5ra01503k LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sugar; Hydrocarbons; Fuels; Energy; Lignin; Calorimetry; Metabolites; Catalysts; Biomass; Biofuels; hemicellulose; Eucalyptus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra01503k ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical analysis of fracture propagation during hydraulic fracturing operations in shale gas systems AN - 1700097836; 2015-073779 AB - We perform numerical studies on vertical fracture propagation induced by tensile hydraulic fracturing for shale gas reservoirs. From the numerical simulation, we find that tensile fracturing occurs discontinuously in time, which generates saw-toothed responses of pressure, the fracture aperture, and displacement, and that fracture propagation is sensitive to factors such as initial condition of saturation, a type of the injection fluid, heterogeneity, tensile strength, elastic moduli, and permeability models. Gas injection induces faster fracturing in shale gas reservoirs than water injection, for the same mass injection, because of high mobility of gas. However, water injection to highly water-saturated formations can contribute to fast pressurization and high mobility of water, resulting in large fracturing. For moderate initial water saturation, complex physical responses within the fracture result from strong nonlinear permeability and multiphase flow with gravity. Pressure diffusion and pressurization within the fracture are also affected by permeability. High intrinsic and high relative permeabilities result in fast fluid movement of injected fluid, followed by fast fracturing. High Young's modulus and high Poisson's ratio do not seem favorable to fracture propagation, although they are not significantly sensitive. For heterogeneity, a geological layer of high strength between near surface and above the shale gas reservoirs can prevent vertical fracture propagation, changing the direction of fracturing horizontally. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Kim, Jihoon AU - Moridis, George J Y1 - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DA - June 2015 SP - 127 EP - 137 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 76 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - United States KW - Mississippian KW - petroleum engineering KW - shale gas KW - natural gas KW - Barnett Shale KW - petroleum KW - production KW - rock mechanics KW - fractures KW - Marcellus Shale KW - heat flow KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - numerical models KW - Paleozoic KW - injection KW - Carboniferous KW - enhanced recovery KW - tensile strength KW - porosity KW - Middle Devonian KW - Devonian KW - heterogeneous materials KW - New Albany Shale KW - reservoir properties KW - New Jersey KW - Pennsylvania KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700097836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Numerical+analysis+of+fracture+propagation+during+hydraulic+fracturing+operations+in+shale+gas+systems&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jihoon%3BMoridis%2C+George+J&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jihoon&rft.date=2015-06-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2015.02.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Barnett Shale; Carboniferous; Devonian; enhanced recovery; fractures; heat flow; heterogeneous materials; hydraulic fracturing; injection; Marcellus Shale; Middle Devonian; Mississippian; natural gas; New Albany Shale; New Jersey; numerical models; Paleozoic; Pennsylvania; permeability; petroleum; petroleum engineering; porosity; production; reservoir properties; rock mechanics; shale gas; tensile strength; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2015.02.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution rate of borosilicate glass SON68; a method of quantification based upon interferometry and implications for experimental and natural weathering rates of glass AN - 1692746605; 2015-061832 AB - Rates of glass dissolution from laboratory and field studies are often considered to be irreconcilable, although potential causes for the difference, such as solution saturation state and increasing surface area from progressive weathering, have not been explored in depth. The dissolution rate of SON68 glass, the non-radioactive analog of the French R7T7 composition, was determined in a single-pass flow-through (SPFT) system at 90 degrees C and pH 9 over a silica-saturation interval. Dissolution rates were determined on both powdered and monolithic specimens by assaying the concentration of elements released from glass to effluent solution. In addition, rates of 12 monolithic specimens were quantified using a Vertical Scanning Interferometry (VSI) method. The method entails measuring the difference in height between a reference and reaction surface. The height difference is proportional to the dissolution rate. By adjusting the relative position of the reacted surface to average surface roughness, the effects of surface area on the dissolution rate can be minimized. Values of the dissolution rate, based upon chemical assay of the effluent solution on the one hand, and VSI methods on the other, were compared. In general, rates determined by the two methods are within a factor of 2X. The difference in rates may be due to the presence of a reaction layer that develops on the glass surface, resulting in an underestimation of the height difference measurement. The dissolution rates of SON68 glass in silica-saturated solutions were then compared to rates previously determined on basalt glass in natural weathering environments (Gordon and Brady, 2002, Chem. Geol. 190, 113-122). When adjusted for differences in temperature and pH, the ranges of borosilicate and basalt glass dissolution rates overlap, indicating that laboratory and field rates can be reconciled and that the principal control on glass dissolution is solution saturation with respect to amorphous silica. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Icenhower, Jonathan P AU - Steefel, Carl I Y1 - 2015/05/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 15 SP - 147 EP - 163 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 157 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - volcanic rocks KW - glasses KW - vertical scanning interferometry KW - igneous rocks KW - electron microscopy data KW - solubility KW - weathering KW - interferometry KW - SON68 glass KW - laboratory studies KW - borosilicates KW - major elements KW - single pass flow through KW - mathematical methods KW - trace elements KW - crystal chemistry KW - basaltic composition KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - backscattering KW - field studies KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692746605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Dissolution+rate+of+borosilicate+glass+SON68%3B+a+method+of+quantification+based+upon+interferometry+and+implications+for+experimental+and+natural+weathering+rates+of+glass&rft.au=Icenhower%2C+Jonathan+P%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I&rft.aulast=Icenhower&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2015-05-15&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2015.02.037 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - backscattering; basaltic composition; borosilicates; crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; field studies; geochemistry; glasses; igneous rocks; interferometry; laboratory studies; major elements; mathematical methods; SEM data; silicates; single pass flow through; solubility; SON68 glass; trace elements; vertical scanning interferometry; volcanic rocks; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.02.037 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-omics of permafrost, active layer and thermokarst bog soil microbiomes AN - 1692747347; 2015-061869 JF - Nature (London) AU - Hultman, Jenni AU - Waldrop, Mark P AU - Mackelprang, Rachel AU - David, Maude M AU - McFarland, Jack AU - Blazewicz, Steven J AU - Harden, Jennifer AU - Turetsky, Merritt R AU - McGuire, A David AU - Shah, Manesh B AU - VerBerkmoes, Nathan C AU - Lee, Lang Ho AU - Mavrommatis, Kostas AU - Jansson, Janet K Y1 - 2015/05/14/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 14 SP - 208 EP - 212 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 521 IS - 7551 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - soils KW - permafrost KW - methane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - genetics KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - biogenic processes KW - nucleic acids KW - carbon KW - thermokarst KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - active layer KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - bogs KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692747347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Multi-omics+of+permafrost%2C+active+layer+and+thermokarst+bog+soil+microbiomes&rft.au=Hultman%2C+Jenni%3BWaldrop%2C+Mark+P%3BMackelprang%2C+Rachel%3BDavid%2C+Maude+M%3BMcFarland%2C+Jack%3BBlazewicz%2C+Steven+J%3BHarden%2C+Jennifer%3BTuretsky%2C+Merritt+R%3BMcGuire%2C+A+David%3BShah%2C+Manesh+B%3BVerBerkmoes%2C+Nathan+C%3BLee%2C+Lang+Ho%3BMavrommatis%2C+Kostas%3BJansson%2C+Janet+K&rft.aulast=Hultman&rft.aufirst=Jenni&rft.date=2015-05-14&rft.volume=521&rft.issue=7551&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature14238 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - NATUAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; biogenic processes; bogs; carbon; DNA; genesis; genetics; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; methane; microorganisms; mires; nucleic acids; organic compounds; permafrost; soils; thermokarst DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature14238 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tunable Photoluminescent Core/Shell Cu(+)-Doped ZnSe/ZnS Quantum Dots Codoped with Al(3+), Ga(3+), or In(3+). AN - 1680959646; 25893312 AB - Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) with stable, oxidation resistant, and tunable photoluminescence (PL) are highly desired for various applications including solid-state lighting and biological labeling. However, many current systems for visible light emission involve the use of toxic Cd. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of codoped core/shell ZnSe/ZnS QDs with tunable PL maxima spanning 430-570 nm (average full width at half-maximum of 80 nm) and broad emission extending to 700 nm, through the use of Cu(+) as the primary dopant and trivalent cations (Al(3+), Ga(3+), and In(3+)) as codopants. Furthermore, we developed a unique thiol-based bidentate ligand that significantly improved PL intensity, long-term stability, and resilience to postsynthetic processing. Through comprehensive experimental and computational studies based on steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and density functional theory (DFT), we show that the tunable PL of this system is the result of energy level modification to donor and/or acceptor recombination pathways. By incorporating these findings with local structure information obtained from extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies, we generate a complete energetic model accounting for the photophysical processes in these unique QDs. With the understanding of optical, structural, and electronic properties we gain in this study, this successful codoping strategy may be applied to other QD or related systems to tune the optical properties of semiconductors while maintaining low toxicity. JF - ACS applied materials & interfaces AU - Cooper, Jason K AU - Gul, Sheraz AU - Lindley, Sarah A AU - Yano, Junko AU - Zhang, Jin Z AD - †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States. ; §Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2015/05/13/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 13 SP - 10055 EP - 10066 VL - 7 IS - 18 KW - QD-LED KW - shell KW - passivation KW - lifetime KW - quantum dot KW - doped KW - ZnSe UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680959646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+applied+materials+%26+interfaces&rft.atitle=Tunable+Photoluminescent+Core%2FShell+Cu%28%2B%29-Doped+ZnSe%2FZnS+Quantum+Dots+Codoped+with+Al%283%2B%29%2C+Ga%283%2B%29%2C+or+In%283%2B%29.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Jason+K%3BGul%2C+Sheraz%3BLindley%2C+Sarah+A%3BYano%2C+Junko%3BZhang%2C+Jin+Z&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2015-05-13&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=10055&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+applied+materials+%26+interfaces&rft.issn=1944-8252&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facsami.5b02860 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-08-13 N1 - Date created - 2015-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b02860 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ballistic phonon transport in holey silicon. AN - 1680955955; 25861026 AB - When the size of semiconductors is smaller than the phonon mean free path, phonons can carry heat with no internal scattering. Ballistic phonon transport has received attention for both theoretical and practical aspects because Fourier's law of heat conduction breaks down and the heat dissipation in nanoscale transistors becomes unpredictable in the ballistic regime. While recent experiments demonstrate room-temperature evidence of ballistic phonon transport in various nanomaterials, the thermal conductivity data for silicon in the length scale of 10-100 nm is still not available due to experimental challenges. Here we show ballistic phonon transport prevails in the cross-plane direction of holey silicon from 35 to 200 nm. The thermal conductivity scales linearly with the length (thickness) even though the lateral dimension (neck) is as narrow as 20 nm. We assess the impact of long-wavelength phonons and predict a transition from ballistic to diffusive regime using scaling models. Our results support strong persistence of long-wavelength phonons in nanostructures and are useful for controlling phonon transport for thermoelectrics and potential phononic applications. JF - Nano letters AU - Lee, Jaeho AU - Lim, Jongwoo AU - Yang, Peidong AD - §Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2015/05/13/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 13 SP - 3273 EP - 3279 VL - 15 IS - 5 KW - thermoelectric KW - cross-plane KW - phononic crystals KW - Thermal conductivity KW - heat transfer KW - nanoporous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680955955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=Ballistic+phonon+transport+in+holey+silicon.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jaeho%3BLim%2C+Jongwoo%3BYang%2C+Peidong&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jaeho&rft.date=2015-05-13&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=3273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.nanolett.5b00495 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-12 N1 - Date created - 2015-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00495 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hexagonal boron nitride cover on Pt(111): a new route to tune molecule-metal interaction and metal-catalyzed reactions. AN - 1680955565; 25897635 AB - In heterogeneous catalysis molecule-metal interaction is often modulated through structural modifications at the surface or under the surface of the metal catalyst. Here, we suggest an alternative way toward this modulation by placing a two-dimensional (2D) cover on the metal surface. As an illustration, CO adsorption on Pt(111) surface has been studied under 2D hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) overlayer. Dynamic imaging data from surface electron microscopy and in situ surface spectroscopic results under near ambient pressure conditions confirm that CO molecules readily intercalate monolayer h-BN sheets on Pt(111) in CO atmosphere but desorb from the h-BN/Pt(111) interface even around room temperature in ultrahigh vacuum. The interaction of CO with Pt has been strongly weakened due to the confinement effect of the h-BN cover, and consequently, CO oxidation at the h-BN/Pt(111) interface was enhanced thanks to the alleviated CO poisoning effect. JF - Nano letters AU - Zhang, Yanhong AU - Weng, Xuefei AU - Li, Huan AU - Li, Haobo AU - Wei, Mingming AU - Xiao, Jianping AU - Liu, Zhi AU - Chen, Mingshu AU - Fu, Qiang AU - Bao, Xinhe AD - †State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P.R. China. ; ‡State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China. ; §Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2015/05/13/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 13 SP - 3616 EP - 3623 VL - 15 IS - 5 KW - intercalation KW - Pt(111) KW - CO oxidation KW - confinement effect KW - hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680955565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=Hexagonal+boron+nitride+cover+on+Pt%28111%29%3A+a+new+route+to+tune+molecule-metal+interaction+and+metal-catalyzed+reactions.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yanhong%3BWeng%2C+Xuefei%3BLi%2C+Huan%3BLi%2C+Haobo%3BWei%2C+Mingming%3BXiao%2C+Jianping%3BLiu%2C+Zhi%3BChen%2C+Mingshu%3BFu%2C+Qiang%3BBao%2C+Xinhe&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yanhong&rft.date=2015-05-13&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=3616&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.nanolett.5b01205 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-12 N1 - Date created - 2015-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01205 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Active site and laminarin binding in glycoside hydrolase family 55. AN - 1680179855; 25752603 AB - The Carbohydrate Active Enzyme (CAZy) database indicates that glycoside hydrolase family 55 (GH55) contains both endo- and exo-β-1,3-glucanases. The founding structure in the GH55 is PcLam55A from the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Ishida, T., Fushinobu, S., Kawai, R., Kitaoka, M., Igarashi, K., and Samejima, M. (2009) Crystal structure of glycoside hydrolase family 55 β-1,3-glucanase from the basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium. J. Biol. Chem. 284, 10100-10109). Here, we present high resolution crystal structures of bacterial SacteLam55A from the highly cellulolytic Streptomyces sp. SirexAA-E with bound substrates and product. These structures, along with mutagenesis and kinetic studies, implicate Glu-502 as the catalytic acid (as proposed earlier for Glu-663 in PcLam55A) and a proton relay network of four residues in activating water as the nucleophile. Further, a set of conserved aromatic residues that define the active site apparently enforce an exo-glucanase reactivity as demonstrated by exhaustive hydrolysis reactions with purified laminarioligosaccharides. Two additional aromatic residues that line the substrate-binding channel show substrate-dependent conformational flexibility that may promote processive reactivity of the bound oligosaccharide in the bacterial enzymes. Gene synthesis carried out on ∼30% of the GH55 family gave 34 active enzymes (19% functional coverage of the nonredundant members of GH55). These active enzymes reacted with only laminarin from a panel of 10 different soluble and insoluble polysaccharides and displayed a broad range of specific activities and optima for pH and temperature. Application of this experimental method provides a new, systematic way to annotate glycoside hydrolase phylogenetic space for functional properties. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Bianchetti, Christopher M AU - Takasuka, Taichi E AU - Deutsch, Sam AU - Udell, Hannah S AU - Yik, Eric J AU - Bergeman, Lai F AU - Fox, Brian G AD - From the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, the Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin 54901. ; From the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, the Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan. ; the Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, and. ; From the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706. ; the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University-Fullerton, Fullerton, California 92831. ; From the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, bgfox@biochem.wisc.edu. Y1 - 2015/05/08/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 May 08 SP - 11819 EP - 11832 VL - 290 IS - 19 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Glucans KW - Polysaccharides KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - laminaran KW - 9008-22-4 KW - Glycoside Hydrolases KW - EC 3.2.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - GH55 KW - Exo-glucanase KW - X-ray Crystallography KW - Hydrolase KW - Proteomics KW - Glycoside Hydrolase KW - β-1,3-Glucanase KW - Cell-free Translation KW - Genomics KW - Phanerochaete -- enzymology KW - Phylogeny KW - Escherichia coli -- metabolism KW - Models, Molecular KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Catalytic Domain KW - Computational Biology KW - Protein Binding KW - Hydrolysis KW - Mutagenesis KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Mutation KW - Polysaccharides -- chemistry KW - Catalysis KW - Streptomyces -- enzymology KW - Glycoside Hydrolases -- chemistry KW - Bacterial Proteins -- chemistry KW - Glucans -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680179855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Active+site+and+laminarin+binding+in+glycoside+hydrolase+family+55.&rft.au=Bianchetti%2C+Christopher+M%3BTakasuka%2C+Taichi+E%3BDeutsch%2C+Sam%3BUdell%2C+Hannah+S%3BYik%2C+Eric+J%3BBergeman%2C+Lai+F%3BFox%2C+Brian+G&rft.aulast=Bianchetti&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2015-05-08&rft.volume=290&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=11819&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=1083-351X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M114.623579 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-08-03 N1 - Date created - 2015-05-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - 4TYV; PDB; 4PEY; 4PEZ; 4TZ3; 4PF0; 4TZ5; 4TZ1; 4PEX; 4PEW N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2014 Jan;67(1):53-8 [23921819] J Biol Chem. 2014 Jan 24;289(4):2027-42 [24337571] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Jan;66(Pt 1):12-21 [20057044] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Feb;66(Pt 2):213-21 [20124702] Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 May;38(8):2603-6 [20211837] Biotechnol Bioeng. 2010 Oct 1;107(2):195-205 [20552664] Methods Enzymol. 2011;498:349-61 [21601685] ISME J. 2011 Aug;5(8):1323-31 [21368904] Nat Methods. 2011;8(10):785-6 [21959131] J Biol Chem. 2011 Nov 25;286(47):41028-35 [21965672] ISME J. 2012 Sep;6(9):1688-701 [22378535] Elife. 2012;1:e00311 [23251785] J Am Chem Soc. 2002 Aug 28;124(34):10015-24 [12188666] PLoS One. 2014;9(4):e94166 [24710170] Environ Microbiol Rep. 2014 Aug;6(4):389-95 [24992538] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Aug;80(15):4692-701 [24837391] MBio. 2014;5(6):e02077 [25406380] J Bacteriol. 1995 Dec;177(23):6937-45 [7592488] Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2000 Oct;4(5):573-80 [11006547] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Feb;67(2):865-71 [11157256] Gene. 2001 Oct 17;277(1-2):199-208 [11602357] Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2001 Oct;77(2):111-75 [11747907] Curr Genet. 2002 Mar;40(6):374-84 [11919676] Biochemistry. 1995 Feb 21;34(7):2220-4 [7857933] Curr Opin Struct Biol. 1994 Dec;4(6):885-92 [7712292] Carbohydr Res. 1996 Feb 23;281(2):187-201 [8721145] Biochem J. 1997 Jan 15;321 ( Pt 2):557-9 [9020895] Gene. 1999 Jan 21;226(2):147-54 [9931476] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Dec;60(Pt 12 Pt 1):2126-32 [15572765] Biotechnol Lett. 2006 Mar;28(6):365-71 [16614901] Biotechnol Prog. 2007 May-Jun;23(3):585-98 [17506520] Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Jul 1;17(13):3702-5 [17475486] Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2007 Jun;71(6):1568-71 [17587693] Protein Expr Purif. 2007 Sep;55(1):53-68 [17543538] J Mol Biol. 2007 Sep 21;372(3):774-97 [17681537] Structure. 2007 Sep;15(9):1040-52 [17850744] Mol Microbiol. 2007 Oct;66(2):279-90 [17854405] J Mol Biol. 2007 Oct 19;373(2):337-54 [17822716] Nature. 2007 Nov 22;450(7169):560-5 [18033299] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2008 Jan;64(Pt 1):61-9 [18094468] Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Jan;36(Database issue):D190-5 [18045787] Proteins. 2008 May 1;71(2):982-94 [18004753] Methods Mol Biol. 2009;498:55-73 [18988018] Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jan;37(Database issue):D233-8 [18838391] J Biol Chem. 2008 Dec 26;283(52):36328-37 [18981178] Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2009 Feb;59(Pt 2):275-9 [19196765] J Biol Chem. 2009 Apr 10;284(15):10100-9 [19193645] J Biol Chem. 2009 Apr 17;284(16):10610-7 [19244232] Curr Protoc Protein Sci. 2009 Apr;Chapter 5:Unit 5.23 [19365792] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2009 Jun;65(Pt 6):582-601 [19465773] J Biol Chem. 2009 Sep 25;284(39):26708-15 [19640850] FEBS J. 2009 Jul;276(14):3837-45 [19523117] Plant Signal Behav. 2009 Jun;4(6):489-92 [19816126] Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jul 1;31(13):3784-8 [12824418] Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2003 Jun;67(6):1349-57 [12843664] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2003 Nov;59(Pt 11):1966-73 [14573951] Biochem J. 2004 Sep 15;382(Pt 3):769-81 [15214846] Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2004 Oct;68(10):2111-9 [15502357] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1994 Feb;60(2):594-8 [8135518] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2013 Jan;69(Pt 1):52-62 [23275163] Sci Rep. 2013;3:1030 [23301151] J Phys Chem B. 2013 May 2;117(17):4924-33 [23534900] J Biol Chem. 2013 May 10;288(19):13503-10 [23532843] J Biol Chem. 2013 Jun 21;288(25):18574-87 [23653358] Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1079:105-16 [24170397] Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1118:71-95 [24395410] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.623579 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward cleaner geothermal energy utilization; capturing and sequestering CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) S emissions from geothermal power plants AN - 1855318741; 2017-000373 AB - Field scale reactive transport models of CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) S mineral sequestration in basalts were developed with a focus on Reykjavik Energy's ongoing CarbFix and SulFix sour gas re-injection tests at Hellisheidi geothermal power plant, SW-Iceland. Field data, such as drill cuttings and a calcite cap-rock overlying the high-temperature geothermal reservoir, suggest that mineral CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) S sequestration already plays an important role within Hellisheidi geothermal system. The data indicate CO (sub 2) sequestration to be most intensive from 550-800-m depth below surface, while H (sub 2) S sequestration is most intensive below 800-m depth. Injecting and precipitating CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) S into nearby formations with the objective of imitating and accelerating natural sequestration processes should therefore be considered as an environmentally benign process. Reactive transport simulations predict rapid and efficient mineralization of both CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) S into thermodynamically stable minerals, with calcite, magnesite, and pyrrhotite being the favored carbonate and sulfide minerals to form. At intermediate depths and low temperatures (25-90 degrees C), calcite is the main CO (sub 2) sequestering carbonate predicted to form, while magnesite is the only carbonate predicted to form at high temperatures (>250 degrees C). Despite only being indicative, it is concluded from this study that the capture and sequestration of CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) S from geothermal power plants are a viable option for reducing their gas emissions and that basalts may comprise ideal geological CO (sub 2) and H (sub 2) S storage formations. Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Aradottir, Edda S P AU - Gunnarsson, Ingvi AU - Sigfusson, Bergur AU - Gunnarsson, Gunnar AU - Juliusson, Bjarni M AU - Gunnlaugsson, Einar AU - Sigurdardottir, Holmfridur AU - Arnarson, Magnus T AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 61 EP - 84 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - power plants KW - Europe KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - Hellisheidi geothermal power plant KW - geothermal systems KW - transport KW - basalts KW - reactive transport KW - pyrrhotite KW - carbon sequestration KW - Western Europe KW - magnesite KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - calcite KW - geothermal energy KW - cap rocks KW - Iceland KW - sulfides KW - carbonates KW - high temperature KW - storage KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855318741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Toward+cleaner+geothermal+energy+utilization%3B+capturing+and+sequestering+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+H+%28sub+2%29+S+emissions+from+geothermal+power+plants&rft.au=Aradottir%2C+Edda+S+P%3BGunnarsson%2C+Ingvi%3BSigfusson%2C+Bergur%3BGunnarsson%2C+Gunnar%3BJuliusson%2C+Bjarni+M%3BGunnlaugsson%2C+Einar%3BSigurdardottir%2C+Holmfridur%3BArnarson%2C+Magnus+T%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L&rft.aulast=Aradottir&rft.aufirst=Edda+S&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0316-5 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; calcite; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonates; Europe; geothermal energy; geothermal systems; Hellisheidi geothermal power plant; high temperature; hydrogen sulfide; Iceland; igneous rocks; magnesite; power plants; pyrrhotite; reactive transport; reservoir rocks; simulation; storage; sulfides; temperature; transport; volcanic rocks; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0316-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the geochemical impact of an injection of CO (sub 2) and associated reactive impurities (SO (sub 2) and O (sub 2) ) into a saline reservoir AN - 1855318553; 2017-000379 AB - Carbon dioxide storage in deep geological structures is a strategic technology to mitigate climate change and to promote green development. However, despite continuous efforts to develop cost-effective capture processes to clean the CO (sub 2) stream before transportation and injection, traces of accessory gases cannot be entirely removed. Consequently, before any injection of these gas mixtures, the impact of impurities on the geochemical reactivity of the system must be evaluated. This paper describes numerical simulations done with TOUGHREACT that focus on the chemical reactivity of deep reservoir rock impacted by an injection of CO (sub 2) and associated reactive impurities (mainly SO (sub 2) and O (sub 2) ). A simplified two-dimensional radial geo-model of the near-wellbore domain of a saline reservoir enabled us to predict its global geochemical behavior. Two CO (sub 2) :SO (sub 2) ratios were studied. The results show the high reactivity of the near-well zone when ancillary gases (SO (sub 2) and O (sub 2) ) are co-injected with CO (sub 2) , which leads to the dissolution of carbonates and the precipitation of sulfate minerals. Major reactions occur in the reservoir formation, whereas clays in the caprock are only slightly affected by the injection of CO (sub 2) and associated reactive impurities. Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Andre, Laurent AU - Azaroual, Mohamed AU - Bernstone, Christian AU - Wittek, Andrea Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 185 EP - 205 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - sulfur dioxide KW - carbon sequestration KW - oxygen KW - numerical models KW - sulfates KW - engineering properties KW - impurities KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - models KW - reactivity KW - fluid injection KW - reservoir properties KW - geochemistry KW - saline composition KW - storage KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855318553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+geochemical+impact+of+an+injection+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+associated+reactive+impurities+%28SO+%28sub+2%29+and+O+%28sub+2%29+%29+into+a+saline+reservoir&rft.au=Andre%2C+Laurent%3BAzaroual%2C+Mohamed%3BBernstone%2C+Christian%3BWittek%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Andre&rft.aufirst=Laurent&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0359-7 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; engineering properties; fluid injection; geochemistry; impurities; models; numerical models; oxygen; reactivity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saline composition; simulation; storage; sulfates; sulfur dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0359-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of geohydrologic model of the Wildcat fault zone AN - 1855318512; 2017-000370 AB - We have conducted field investigations of the Wildcat fault in Strawberry Canyon in the East Bay Hills of Berkeley, California, including a literature survey, aerial-photographic-based geomorphological study, geologic mapping, geophysical surveys, trenching, and borehole drilling and hydraulic testing. A geologic model was constructed, which became the basis of the hydrologic model. We outline the effort of constructing the geohydrologic model of the Strawberry Canyon area. We also created an East Canyon sub-model, which is a part of the Strawberry Canyon area. These models were constructed using Petrasim commercial software, which is a pre- and post- processor for TOUGH2, a non-isothermal multiphase flow and transport simulator. One of our goals is to understand the role of the Wildcat fault in controlling the natural-state groundwater flow. Another goal is that with limited data in numbers and areal extent, we evaluate the viability of modeling a relatively complex geologic area in hopes of to building a model that is valid for a scale larger than the observation. We performed both manual and automated inversion analyses and produced reasonable matches between the observed head data and model predictions. By varying the structure of the Wildcat fault, the base-case representation, which includes a high permeability damage zone and a low permeability fault core, best matches the observed head data. Using the sub-model, we conducted two-phase non-isothermal simulations utilizing the pressure and temperature data from the boreholes. We also used the information obtained from pump tests including permeability anisotropy of the fault plane. After parameter searches, we were able to match the head and temperature profiles along boreholes relatively well. We then used the best matching models to predict the observed rate of head decline during a dry period and found that anisotropic fault zone with 5 % porosity predicts the rate of decline reasonably well. There is a potential that the rate of decline may be useful to estimate the parameters downstream where there are no boreholes for observation/testing. Copyright 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht (outside the USA) JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Karasaki, Kenzi AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Onishi, Celia T AU - Goto, Junichi Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 3 EP - 22 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - geophysical surveys KW - characterization KW - Alameda County California KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - California KW - pump tests KW - fault planes KW - transport KW - Wildcat Fault KW - drilling KW - faults KW - trenching KW - Strawberry Canyon KW - damage KW - fluid flow KW - porosity KW - Berkeley California KW - models KW - boreholes KW - multiphase flow KW - surveys KW - aerial photography KW - permeability KW - anisotropy KW - remote sensing KW - fault zones KW - East Bay Hills KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855318512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Development+of+geohydrologic+model+of+the+Wildcat+fault+zone&rft.au=Karasaki%2C+Kenzi%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BOnishi%2C+Celia+T%3BGoto%2C+Junichi&rft.aulast=Karasaki&rft.aufirst=Kenzi&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0348-x L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerial photography; Alameda County California; anisotropy; Berkeley California; boreholes; California; characterization; damage; drilling; East Bay Hills; fault planes; fault zones; faults; fluid flow; fractured materials; geophysical surveys; ground water; models; multiphase flow; permeability; porosity; pump tests; remote sensing; simulation; Strawberry Canyon; surveys; transport; trenching; United States; Wildcat Fault DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0348-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field-scale simulation of production from oceanic gas hydrate deposits AN - 1855318391; 2017-000377 AB - The quantity of hydrocarbon gases trapped in natural hydrate accumulations is enormous, leading to a significant interest in the evaluation of their potential as an energy source. It has been shown that large volumes of gas can be readily produced at high rates for long times from some types of methane hydrate accumulations by means of depressurization-induced dissociation, and using conventional horizontal or vertical well configurations. However, these resources are currently assessed using simplified or reduced-scale 3D or 2D production simulations. In this study, we use the massively parallel TOUGH+HYDRATE code (pT+H) to assess the production potential of a large, deep ocean hydrate reservoir and develop strategies for effective production. The simulations model a full 3D system of over 38 km (super 2) extent, examining the productivity of vertical and horizontal wells, single or multiple wells, and explore variations in reservoir properties. Systems of up to 2.5 M gridblocks, running on thousands of supercomputing nodes, are required to simulate such large systems at the highest level of detail. The simulations reveal the challenges inherent in producing from deep, relatively cold systems with extensive water-bearing channels and connectivity to large aquifers, mainly difficulty of achieving depressurization and the problem of enormous water production. Also highlighted are new frontiers in large-scale reservoir simulation of coupled flow, transport, thermodynamics, and phase behavior, including the construction of large meshes and the computational scaling of larger systems. Copyright 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht (outside the USA) JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Reagan, Matthew T AU - Moridis, George J AU - Johnson, Jeffery N AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Freeman, Craig M AU - Boyle, Katie L AU - Keen, Noel D AU - Husebo, Jarle Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 151 EP - 169 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - methane KW - gas hydrates KW - three-dimensional models KW - connectivity KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - simulation KW - production KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - two-dimensional models KW - evaluation KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - potential deposits KW - transport KW - energy sources KW - hydrocarbons KW - reservoir properties KW - thermodynamic properties KW - North Atlantic KW - permeability KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855318391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Field-scale+simulation+of+production+from+oceanic+gas+hydrate+deposits&rft.au=Reagan%2C+Matthew+T%3BMoridis%2C+George+J%3BJohnson%2C+Jeffery+N%3BPan%2C+Lehua%3BFreeman%2C+Craig+M%3BBoyle%2C+Katie+L%3BKeen%2C+Noel+D%3BHusebo%2C+Jarle&rft.aulast=Reagan&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0330-7 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; Atlantic Ocean; connectivity; energy sources; evaluation; gas hydrates; Gulf of Mexico; hydrocarbons; methane; North Atlantic; organic compounds; permeability; potential deposits; production; reservoir properties; simulation; thermodynamic properties; three-dimensional models; transport; two-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0330-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2012 TOUGH symposium AN - 1855318387; 2017-000369 JF - Transport in Porous Media Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 255 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - fractured materials KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - symposia KW - unsaturated zone KW - heat transfer KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855318387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=2012+TOUGH+symposium&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fluid flow; fractured materials; ground water; heat transfer; numerical models; porous materials; simulation; symposia; transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fundamental analysis of the impacts relative permeability has on CO (sub 2) saturation distribution and phase behavior AN - 1855318319; 2017-000381 AB - A critical aspect of geologic carbon storage, a carbon-emissions reduction method under extensive review and testing, is the ability to simulate multiphase CO (sub 2) flow and transport. Relative permeability is a flow parameter particularly critical for accurate forecasting of multiphase behavior of CO (sub 2) in the subsurface. Specifically, for clastic formations, small-scale (cm) bedding planes can have a significant impact on multiphase CO (sub 2) brine fluid flow, depending on the relative permeability relationship assumed. Such small-scale differences in permeability attributable to individual bedding planes may also have a substantial impact on predicted CO (sub 2) storage capacity and long-term plume migration behavior. A major goal of this study was to evaluate and calibrate relative permeability models against experimental data to improve simulation capability. We analyzed previously published laboratory-scale measurements of relative permeability of Berea sandstone, and developed a corresponding 3-D simulation model calibrated with those measurements. The simulation model was created in the TOUGHREACT reactive transport simulator, and we elucidated best-fit relative permeability formulations to match the experimental data. Among several functions evaluated, best-fit between simulation results and experimental observations was achieved with a calibrated van Genuchten-Mualem formulation. To extend the analysis to a more heterogeneous medium, we applied the best-fit relative permeability formulations to a new model of a small-scale Navajo Sandstone reservoir. The model was one cubic meter in size, with eight individual lithofacies of differing permeability, gridded to mimic small-scale bedding planes. For this model we assumed that each lithofacies exhibits its own random permeability field. We then evaluated four different relative permeability functions to quantify their impact on flow results for each model, with all other parameters maintained uniform and constant. Results of this analysis suggest that CO (sub 2) plume movement and behavior are significantly dependent on the specific relative permeability formulation assigned, including the assumed irreducible saturation values of CO (sub 2) and brine. More specifically, different relative permeability formulations translate to significant differences in CO (sub 2) saturation profile and phase behavior. Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Moodie, Nathan AU - McPherson, Brian AU - Lee, Si-Yong AU - Mandalaparty, Prashanth Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 233 EP - 255 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - United States KW - engineering properties KW - sandstone KW - gas storage KW - simulation KW - carbon dioxide KW - bedding KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - Devil's Canyon KW - reactive transport KW - sedimentary structures KW - migration KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - Paleozoic KW - Berea Sandstone KW - Navajo Sandstone KW - fluid flow KW - Mesozoic KW - bedforms KW - lithofacies KW - planar bedding structures KW - physical properties KW - hydraulic head KW - saturation KW - brines KW - multiphase flow KW - reservoir properties KW - Utah KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855318319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Fundamental+analysis+of+the+impacts+relative+permeability+has+on+CO+%28sub+2%29+saturation+distribution+and+phase+behavior&rft.au=Moodie%2C+Nathan%3BMcPherson%2C+Brian%3BLee%2C+Si-Yong%3BMandalaparty%2C+Prashanth&rft.aulast=Moodie&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0377-5 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedding; bedforms; Berea Sandstone; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; Devil's Canyon; engineering properties; fluid flow; gas storage; hydraulic head; laboratory studies; lithofacies; Mesozoic; migration; multiphase flow; Navajo Sandstone; numerical models; Paleozoic; permeability; physical properties; planar bedding structures; reactive transport; reservoir properties; sandstone; saturation; sedimentary rocks; sedimentary structures; simulation; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; Utah DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0377-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory and numerical studies of heat extraction from hot porous media by means of supercritical CO (sub 2) AN - 1855318289; 2017-000374 AB - The use of CO (sub 2) as a heat transfer fluid has been proposed as an alternative to water in enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) and in CO (sub 2) -plume geothermal systems (CPG). Numerical simulations have shown that under expected EGS operating conditions, CO (sub 2) would achieve more efficient heat extraction performance compared to water, especially at sites with low geothermal temperatures and low subsurface heat flow rates. With increased interest in carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), the possibility of combining geothermal energy production with carbon sequestration is actively being explored. Simulations have shown that CO (sub 2) -based geothermal energy production could substantially offset the cost of CCS. Since numerical models are critical for the planning and operation of geothermal systems that employ CO (sub 2) as the working fluid, it is important to validate the results of the current numerical tools against real- world experimental data. In a set of laboratory experiments, we have investigated heat extraction by flowing dry supercritical CO (sub 2) through a heated porous medium in a laboratory pressure vessel and have compared experimental results with a numerical model using TOUGH2 with the ECO2N module. In addition, experiments were performed using (1) CO (sub 2) and (2) water as the working fluids under similar operating conditions in order to compare the heat transfer behavior and the overall heat extraction rates. Our laboratory apparatus is capable of operating at temperatures up to 200 degrees C, pressures up to 34.5 MPa, and flow rates up to 400 ml/min. The experimental system was designed such that measurements and controls at the boundaries could be readily modeled using TOUGH2. We have made estimates of the density and the effective thermal conductivity of our saturated porous media, and have found that both properties change significantly during the course of experiments. The large changes in CO (sub 2) density, due to decreasing system temperatures, can result in fluid accumulation in the system that may have significant impacts on geothermal reservoir management. The large changes in thermal conductivity as a function of temperature are of concern because the TOUGH2 code does not update the thermal conductivity of the system during the course of a simulation. Our data can be used by geologic reservoir modelers to ensure that their models accurately capture the heat extraction behavior of CO (sub 2) to aid in the further investigations of EGS, CPG, and CCS. Copyright 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Magliocco, Mario J AU - Glaser, Steven D AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 85 EP - 104 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - numerical models KW - thermal conductivity KW - saturated materials KW - porous materials KW - enhanced recovery KW - simulation KW - production KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - geothermal energy KW - laboratory studies KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - geothermal systems KW - heat flow KW - supercritical fluid KW - heat transfer KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855318289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Laboratory+and+numerical+studies+of+heat+extraction+from+hot+porous+media+by+means+of+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Magliocco%2C+Mario+J%3BGlaser%2C+Steven+D%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J&rft.aulast=Magliocco&rft.aufirst=Mario&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-015-0474-0 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; enhanced recovery; experimental studies; geothermal energy; geothermal reservoirs; geothermal systems; heat flow; heat transfer; laboratory studies; numerical models; porous materials; production; saturated materials; simulation; supercritical fluid; temperature; thermal conductivity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-015-0474-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of flow and transport induced by production of hydrofracture-stimulated gas wells near the Rulison nuclear test AN - 1855318231; 2017-000371 AB - The Project Rulison test in Western Colorado was conducted in 1969 to determine if a nuclear device could be used to fracture low permeability, gas-bearing rock to enhance natural gas production. The presence of radionuclides (specifically tritium) in the produced gas persisted above acceptable levels, and the test was abandoned. Advances in hydraulic fracturing technology have made it feasible to extract natural gas from low-permeability reservoirs, and drilling activity near the Rulison site has raised concerns that remnant radioactivity in the detonation zone could migrate to nearby producing wells and enter the natural gas distribution system. The site was modeled using the massively parallel version of TOUGH2, TOUGH2_MP-EOS7R, with over 1,000,000 elements. The majority of the tritium is present as tritiated water, and since the gas permeability of the native formation is several orders of magnitude higher than the liquid permeability, any significant migration occurs with the gas phase. In the model, tritium partitions between the aqueous and vapor phases in relation to the Henry's Law constant. The Henry's constant for tritiated water vapor is simply the water vapor pressure. The model domain includes the entire targeted gas-bearing section and gas production wells installed in 2010 1.2 km (0.75 mile) from the Rulison site. The model was calibrated to historical production and pressure data from the Rulison reentry well and to data from the recently installed gas wells. The model was used to simulate the effects of current wells and of future wells that could potentially be installed nearer the Rulison site. Copyright 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht (outside the USA) JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Hodges, Rex A AU - Cooper, Clay A AU - Falta, Ronald W Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 23 EP - 42 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - United States KW - Piceance Basin KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - Cretaceous KW - natural gas KW - Mesaverde Group KW - petroleum KW - tritium KW - production KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - oil wells KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - tracers KW - drilling KW - nuclear explosions KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - Rulison Colorado KW - explosions KW - Project Rulison KW - fluid flow KW - Mesozoic KW - models KW - hydrogen KW - Colorado KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855318231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+flow+and+transport+induced+by+production+of+hydrofracture-stimulated+gas+wells+near+the+Rulison+nuclear+test&rft.au=Hodges%2C+Rex+A%3BCooper%2C+Clay+A%3BFalta%2C+Ronald+W&rft.aulast=Hodges&rft.aufirst=Rex&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-013-0264-5 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colorado; Cretaceous; drilling; explosions; fluid flow; Garfield County Colorado; hydraulic fracturing; hydrogen; isotopes; Mesaverde Group; Mesozoic; models; natural gas; nuclear explosions; oil wells; permeability; petroleum; Piceance Basin; production; Project Rulison; radioactive isotopes; Rulison Colorado; tracers; transport; tritium; United States; Upper Cretaceous DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-013-0264-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled THM modeling of hydroshearing stimulation in tight fractured volcanic rock AN - 1855318100; 2017-000376 AB - In this study, we use the TOUGH-FLAC simulator for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling of well stimulation for an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) project. We analyze the potential for injection-induced fracturing and reactivation of natural fractures in a porous medium with associated permeability enhancement. Our analysis aims to understand how far the EGS reservoir may grow and how the hydroshearing process relates to system conditions. We analyze the enhanced reservoir, or hydrosheared zone, by studying the extent of the failure zone using an elasto-plastic model, and accounting for permeability changes as a function of the induced stresses. For both fully saturated and unsaturated medium cases, the results demonstrate how EGS reservoir growth depends on the initial fluid phase, and how the reservoir extent changes as a function of two critical parameters: (1) the coefficient of friction, and (2) the permeability-enhancement factor. Moreover, while well stimulation is driven by pressure exceeding the hydroshearing threshold, the modeling also demonstrates how injection-induced cooling further extends the effects of stimulation. Copyright 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht (outside the USA) JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Rinaldi, A P AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Cladouhos, T T Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 131 EP - 150 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - fractured materials KW - hydroshearing KW - well stimulation KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - geothermal wells KW - stress KW - porous materials KW - fluid phase KW - enhanced recovery KW - simulation KW - thermo-hydro-mechanical models KW - reservoir rocks KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - saturation KW - elastoplastic materials KW - shear KW - permeability KW - faults KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855318100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Coupled+THM+modeling+of+hydroshearing+stimulation+in+tight+fractured+volcanic+rock&rft.au=Rinaldi%2C+A+P%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BCladouhos%2C+T+T&rft.aulast=Rinaldi&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0296-5 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - elastoplastic materials; enhanced recovery; faults; fluid phase; fractured materials; geothermal energy; geothermal reservoirs; geothermal wells; hydroshearing; igneous rocks; models; permeability; porous materials; reservoir rocks; saturation; shear; simulation; stress; thermo-hydro-mechanical models; volcanic rocks; well stimulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0296-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of coupled mechanical-hydrological processes in compressed-air-assisted tunneling in unconsolidated sediments AN - 1855317688; 2017-000375 AB - This paper presents an analysis of coupled hydrological-mechanical processes in the construction of tunnels using the compressed air technique. The compressed air is applied in the tunnel space during the construction to prevent a water inflow. The paper uses a methodology that links two computer codes TOUGH2 and FLAC3D such that hydrological-mechanical analysis can be conducted. An air flow test conducted in Essen, Germany, was simulated, and the results agreed well with the field measurements. Subsequently, a numerical simulation of compressed air tunneling was performed to analyze the air injection rate and the surface displacements. The calculated air losses from the tunnel are within the range of the field observations. The analysis of surface settlement shows upward heaving and a decrease in the magnitude of surface settlement, which is consistent with the field observations. Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Chinkulkijniwat, Avirut AU - Horpibulsuk, Suksun AU - Semprich, Stephan Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 105 EP - 129 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - soil mechanics KW - fluid injection KW - numerical models KW - tunnels KW - compressed-air-assisted tunneling KW - sediments KW - fluid flow KW - unconsolidated materials KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - construction KW - ground water KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855317688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+coupled+mechanical-hydrological+processes+in+compressed-air-assisted+tunneling+in+unconsolidated+sediments&rft.au=Chinkulkijniwat%2C+Avirut%3BHorpibulsuk%2C+Suksun%3BSemprich%2C+Stephan&rft.aulast=Chinkulkijniwat&rft.aufirst=Avirut&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0295-6 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - compressed-air-assisted tunneling; construction; fluid flow; fluid injection; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; numerical models; sediments; soil mechanics; tunnels; unconsolidated materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0295-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The deep roots of geothermal systems in volcanic areas; boundary conditions and heat sources in reservoir modeling AN - 1855317608; 2017-000372 AB - The energy sources of geothermal systems in volcanic areas are cooling and solidifying intrusions in the crust. The nature of the heat transfer from the hot bodies to the groundwater is not known in detail. It is not known at what depth this interaction takes place, neither is the depth range of the water circulation. When geothermal modelers construct a model of a production field this issue is normally avoided. The heat sources are believed to be below the depth range of the model and are accounted for by choosing appropriate boundary conditions in the bottom layer of the model. Another standard practice in geothermal modeling is to drive the model using steady boundary conditions for a long period of time until it reaches a steady state, the so-called natural state, before production is simulated. This approach to model geothermal systems in volcanic areas has worked reasonably well for industrial purposes. However, a model that does not include the entire water circulation is not complete. Recently a well was drilled into magma in the Krafla Geothermal Field in North-Iceland at the depth of 2.1 km (Friethleifsson et al., in: Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, 2010). This incident and an older example of a well in Nesjavellir in the Hengill Area, Southwest Iceland that was unexpectedly drilled into a very hot formation (>380 degrees C) in 1986 at the depth of 1800 m (Steingrimsson, in: Proceedings of Fifteenth Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, 1990), have shown that the industry cannot overlook this imperfection in geothermal modeling. These examples from Krafla and Nesjavellir, along with other observations, indicate that the roots of the geothermal systems in the volcanic active zone in Iceland are at shallower depths than previously believed. Thus, the structure of existing numerical models has to be reconsidered. The heat sources have to be included into the models. Including the heat sources into the models also challenges the practice of driving the models to a steady state, since intrusions in the roots of volcanoes are not steady phenomena. Periods of high intrusion activity are known in volcanic systems in Iceland. In an improved modeling scheme, the heat sources should be included in any model, along with the entire water circulation, and the heat sources should be time dependent. We propose a simple conceptual model assuming that the heat sources of a geothermal systems are dykes at shallow depths (< or =2.5 km). Simple numerical models done in TOUGH2 show that dykes at shallow depths can indeed create a geothermal system similar to real systems. Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Gunnarsson, Gunnar AU - Aradottir, Edda S P Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 43 EP - 59 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - Krafla KW - Europe KW - production KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - geothermal systems KW - energy sources KW - circulation KW - volcanism KW - Western Europe KW - numerical models KW - Nesjavellir geothermal power station KW - depth KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - intrusions KW - dikes KW - heat sources KW - steady-state processes KW - Frafla Field KW - theoretical models KW - heat transfer KW - Iceland KW - crust KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855317608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=The+deep+roots+of+geothermal+systems+in+volcanic+areas%3B+boundary+conditions+and+heat+sources+in+reservoir+modeling&rft.au=Gunnarsson%2C+Gunnar%3BAradottir%2C+Edda+S+P&rft.aulast=Gunnarsson&rft.aufirst=Gunnar&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0328-1 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; circulation; crust; depth; dikes; energy sources; Europe; Frafla Field; geothermal systems; ground water; heat sources; heat transfer; Iceland; intrusions; Krafla; models; Nesjavellir geothermal power station; numerical models; production; reservoir rocks; steady-state processes; theoretical models; volcanism; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0328-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of CO (sub 2) injection on brine flow and salt precipitation after gas field production AN - 1855317520; 2017-000378 AB - This paper reports modeling of gas field production and injection in a theoretical reservoir based on characteristics of the P18 gas field in the Dutch offshore, which consists of four geological deposits with different petrophysical properties. We especially focus on the brine flow during and after exploitation of the reservoir, which affects salt precipitation and dissolution in the near-well area. We first computed the water saturation with depth, in static equilibrium with a free water level at the bottom of the reservoir. We then computed production from the gas field, predicting very low brine production and mobility, without salt precipitation. Subsequently, injection of dry CO (sub 2) leads to dry-out and salt precipitation in the near-well bore area, resulting in a maximum permeability reduction of 23%. After abandonment, brine flows toward the well, resulting in redissolution of precipitated salt, leading to salt saturated brine in the near-well bore area. After 1,000 years, it is predicted that supersaturated brine is concentrated in the lower part of the reservoir, where solid salt still remains. The computed long-term effects of brine mobility could influence predictions of well-cement degradation and well-abandonment strategies like intentional clogging. Copyright 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Tambach, Tim J AU - Loeve, Daniel AU - Hofstee, Cor AU - Plug, Willem-Jan AU - Maas, Jos G Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 171 EP - 183 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - degradation KW - abandoned oil wells KW - solution KW - oil and gas fields KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - oil wells KW - fluid injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mobility KW - water KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - carbon sequestration KW - cementation KW - fluid flow KW - evaporites KW - saturation KW - precipitation KW - diagenesis KW - brines KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - storage KW - salt KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855317520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=Effect+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+on+brine+flow+and+salt+precipitation+after+gas+field+production&rft.au=Tambach%2C+Tim+J%3BLoeve%2C+Daniel%3BHofstee%2C+Cor%3BPlug%2C+Willem-Jan%3BMaas%2C+Jos+G&rft.aulast=Tambach&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0283-x L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned oil wells; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; cementation; chemically precipitated rocks; degradation; diagenesis; evaporites; fluid flow; fluid injection; mobility; oil and gas fields; oil wells; permeability; precipitation; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; salt; saturation; sedimentary rocks; solution; storage; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0283-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Sim-SEQ Project; comparison of selected flow models for the S-3 site AN - 1855317515; 2017-000380 AB - Sim-SEQ is an international initiative on model comparison for geologic carbon sequestration, with an objective to understand and, if possible, quantify model uncertainties. Model comparison efforts in Sim-SEQ are at present focusing on one specific field test site, hereafter referred to as the Sim-SEQ Study site (or S-3 site). Within Sim-SEQ, different modeling teams are developing conceptual models of CO (sub 2) injection at the S-3 site. In this paper, we select five flow models of the S-3 site and provide a qualitative comparison of their attributes and predictions. These models are based on five different simulators or modeling approaches: TOUGH2/EOS7C, STOMP-CO2e, MoReS, TOUGH2-MP/ECO2N, and VESA. In addition to model-to-model comparison, we perform a limited model-to-data comparison, and illustrate how model choices impact model predictions. We conclude the paper by making recommendations for model refinement that are likely to result in less uncertainty in model predictions. Copyright 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht (outside the USA) JF - Transport in Porous Media AU - Mukhopadhyay, Sumit AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Bacon, Diana AU - Li, Jun AU - Wei, Lingli AU - Yamamoto, Hajime AU - Gasda, Sarah AU - Hosseini, Seyyed A AU - Nicot, Jean-Philippe AU - Birkholzer, Jens T Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 207 EP - 231 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - Sim-SEQ Project KW - models KW - fluid injection KW - carbon sequestration KW - site exploration KW - theoretical models KW - prediction KW - fluid flow KW - simulation KW - uncertainty KW - carbon dioxide KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855317515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=The+Sim-SEQ+Project%3B+comparison+of+selected+flow+models+for+the+S-3+site&rft.au=Mukhopadhyay%2C+Sumit%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BBacon%2C+Diana%3BLi%2C+Jun%3BWei%2C+Lingli%3BYamamoto%2C+Hajime%3BGasda%2C+Sarah%3BHosseini%2C+Seyyed+A%3BNicot%2C+Jean-Philippe%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Mukhopadhyay&rft.aufirst=Sumit&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11242-014-0361-0 L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 2012 TOUGH symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; fluid flow; fluid injection; models; prediction; Sim-SEQ Project; simulation; site exploration; theoretical models; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0361-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Vitro Metabolism and Stability of the Actinide Chelating Agent 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) AN - 1837338279; PQ0001392698 AB - The hydroxypyridinonate ligand 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) is currently under development for radionuclide chelation therapy. The preclinical characterization of this highly promising ligand comprised the evaluation of its in vitro properties, including microsomal, plasma, and gastrointestinal fluid stability, cytochrome P450 inhibition, plasma protein binding, and intestinal absorption using the Caco-2 cell line. When mixed with active human liver microsomes, no loss of parent compound was observed after 60 min, indicating compound stability in the presence of liver microsomal P450. At the tested concentrations, 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) did not significantly influence the activities of any of the cytochromal isoforms screened. Thus, 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) is unlikely to cause drug-drug interactions by inhibiting the metabolic clearance of coadministered drugs metabolized by these enzymes. Plasma protein-binding assays revealed that the compound is protein-bound in dogs and less extensively in rats and humans. In the plasma stability study, the compound was stable after 1 h at 37 degree C in mouse, rat, dog, and human plasma samples. Finally, a bidirectional permeability assay demonstrated that 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) is not permeable across the Caco-2 monolayer, highlighting the need to further evaluate the effects of various compounds with known permeability enhancement properties on the permeability of the ligand in future studies. copyright 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 104:1832-1838, 2015 JF - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences AU - Choi, Taylor A AU - Furimsky, Anna M AU - Swezey, Robert AU - Bunin, Deborah I AU - Byrge, Patricia AU - Iyer, Lalitha V AU - Chang, Polly Y AU - Abergel, Rebecca J AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California. Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 1832 EP - 1838 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0022-3549, 0022-3549 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Intestinal absorption KW - Microsomes KW - Chelation KW - Membrane permeability KW - Enzymes KW - Chelating agents KW - Plasma proteins KW - Liver KW - Radioisotopes KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Drugs KW - Metabolism KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1837338279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Pharmaceutical+Sciences&rft.atitle=In+Vitro+Metabolism+and+Stability+of+the+Actinide+Chelating+Agent+3%2C4%2C3-LI%281%2C2-HOPO%29&rft.au=Choi%2C+Taylor+A%3BFurimsky%2C+Anna+M%3BSwezey%2C+Robert%3BBunin%2C+Deborah+I%3BByrge%2C+Patricia%3BIyer%2C+Lalitha+V%3BChang%2C+Polly+Y%3BAbergel%2C+Rebecca+J&rft.aulast=Choi&rft.aufirst=Taylor&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1832&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Pharmaceutical+Sciences&rft.issn=00223549&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjps.24394 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intestinal absorption; Plasma proteins; Microsomes; Chelation; Radioisotopes; Liver; Enzymes; Membrane permeability; Cytochrome P450; Chelating agents; Drugs; Metabolism DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.24394 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - TOUGH Symposium AN - 1832625482; 741166-1 JF - Transport in Porous Media Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 3 EP - 255 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 108 IS - 1 SN - 0169-3913, 0169-3913 KW - fractured materials KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - symposia KW - unsaturated zone KW - heat transfer KW - fluid flow KW - porous materials KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832625482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.atitle=TOUGH+Symposium&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transport+in+Porous+Media&rft.issn=01693913&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://springerlink.metapress.com/(l4tqdq55jga2hgb0achos1qm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100342,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - TOUGH Symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fluid flow; fractured materials; ground water; heat transfer; numerical models; porous materials; simulation; symposia; transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of two simulators to investigate thermal-hydraulic-mechanical processes related to nuclear waste isolation in saliferous formations AN - 1808369359; PQ0001544995 AB - We investigate the capabilities of two simulators, TOUGH-FLAC and FLAC-TOUGH, to predict the long-term thermal-hydraulic-mechanical response of a generic salt repository for heat-generating nuclear waste. These simulators are based on sequential coupling and include state-of-the-art knowledge for saliferous materials. Their main difference is the sequential method used. We present a benchmark between LBNL and TU Clausthal. The scenario studied assumes heat and gas generation from the waste packages, and crushed salt backfill. The comparison of results is very satisfactory, providing increased reliability and confidence in the capabilities of the simulators to evaluate the geological and engineered barriers in the long-term. JF - Computers and Geotechnics AU - Martin, Laura Blanco AU - Wolters, Ralf AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Lux, Karl-Heinz AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), 1 Cyclotron Rd, MS 74R316C, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, lblancomartin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 219 EP - 229 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 66 SN - 0266-352X, 0266-352X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Sequential modeling KW - Coupled processes KW - Benchmark KW - Heat-generating nuclear waste KW - Rock salt KW - Crushed salt KW - Salts KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Geotechnology KW - Barriers KW - Simulators KW - Backfill KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Isolation KW - Methodology KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808369359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+and+Geotechnics&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+two+simulators+to+investigate+thermal-hydraulic-mechanical+processes+related+to+nuclear+waste+isolation+in+saliferous+formations&rft.au=Martin%2C+Laura+Blanco%3BWolters%2C+Ralf%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BLux%2C+Karl-Heinz%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+and+Geotechnics&rft.issn=0266352X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.compgeo.2015.01.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geotechnology; Barriers; Simulators; Radioactive wastes; Methodology; Radioactive Wastes; Salts; Backfill; Isolation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2015.01.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radionuclide transport behavior in a generic geological radioactive waste repository AN - 1734267968; 2015-112506 AB - We performed numerical simulations of groundwater flow and radionuclide transport to study the influence of several factors, including the ambient hydraulic gradient, groundwater pressure anomalies, and the properties of the excavation damaged zone (EDZ), on the prevailing transport mechanism (i.e., advection or molecular diffusion) in a generic nuclear waste repository within a clay-rich geological formation. By comparing simulation results, we show that the EDZ plays a major role as a preferential flowpath for radionuclide transport. When the EDZ is not taken into account, transport is dominated by molecular diffusion in almost the totality of the simulated domain, and transport velocity is about 40% slower. Modeling results also show that a reduction in hydraulic gradient leads to a greater predominance of diffusive transport, slowing down radionuclide transport by about 30% with respect to a scenario assuming a unit gradient. In addition, inward flow caused by negative pressure anomalies in the clay-rich formation further reduces transport velocity, enhancing the ability of the geological barrier to contain the radioactive waste. On the other hand, local high gradients associated with positive pressure anomalies can speed up radionuclide transport with respect to steady-state flow systems having the same regional hydraulic gradients. Transport behavior was also found to be sensitive to both geometrical and hydrogeological parameters of the EDZ. Results from this work can provide useful knowledge toward correctly assessing the post-closure safety of a geological disposal system. Abstract Copyright (2014), , National Ground Water Association. JF - Ground Water AU - Bianchi, Marco AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Birkholzer, Jens T Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 440 EP - 451 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of National Ground Water Association, Westerville, OH VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - solute transport KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - microcracks KW - mechanism KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Opalinus Clay KW - transport KW - molecular dynamics KW - breakthrough curves KW - disposal barriers KW - Peclet number KW - diffusivity KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - sealing KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - bentonite KW - underground storage KW - Jurassic KW - steady flow KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - advection KW - Mesozoic KW - two-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - hydraulic head KW - cracks KW - underground installations KW - steady-state processes KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734267968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Radionuclide+transport+behavior+in+a+generic+geological+radioactive+waste+repository&rft.au=Bianchi%2C+Marco%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T&rft.aulast=Bianchi&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgwat.12171 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aquifers; bentonite; breakthrough curves; clastic rocks; concentration; contaminant plumes; cracks; diffusivity; disposal barriers; experimental studies; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydraulic head; isotopes; Jurassic; laboratory studies; mechanism; Mesozoic; microcracks; migration of elements; molecular dynamics; numerical models; Opalinus Clay; Peclet number; permeability; pollution; preferential flow; pressure; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sealing; sedimentary rocks; simulation; solute transport; steady flow; steady-state processes; transport; two-dimensional models; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12171 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiphase modeling of geologic carbon sequestration in saline aquifers AN - 1734267931; 2015-112499 AB - Geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) is being considered as a climate change mitigation option in many future energy scenarios. Mathematical modeling is routinely used to predict subsurface CO (sub 2) and resident brine migration for the design of injection operations, to demonstrate the permanence of CO (sub 2) storage, and to show that other subsurface resources will not be degraded. Many processes impact the migration of CO (sub 2) and brine, including multiphase flow dynamics, geochemistry, and geomechanics, along with the spatial distribution of parameters such as porosity and permeability. In this article, we review a set of multiphase modeling approaches with different levels of conceptual complexity that have been used to model GCS. Model complexity ranges from coupled multiprocess models to simplified vertical equilibrium (VE) models and macroscopic invasion percolation models. The goal of this article is to give a framework of conceptual model complexity, and to show the types of modeling approaches that have been used to address specific GCS questions. Application of the modeling approaches is shown using five ongoing or proposed CO (sub 2) injection sites. For the selected sites, the majority of GCS models follow a simplified multiphase approach, especially for questions related to injection and local-scale heterogeneity. Coupled multiprocess models are only applied in one case where geomechanics have a strong impact on the flow. Owing to their computational efficiency, VE models tend to be applied at large scales. A macroscopic invasion percolation approach was used to predict the CO (sub 2) migration at one site to examine details of CO (sub 2) migration under the caprock. Abstract Copyright (2015), , National Ground Water Association. JF - Ground Water AU - Bandilla, Karl W AU - Celia, Michael A AU - Birkholzer, Jens T AU - Cihan, Abdullah AU - Leister, Evan C Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 362 EP - 377 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of National Ground Water Association, Westerville, OH VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - scale factor KW - offshore KW - North Africa KW - Europe KW - preferential flow KW - Alberta KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - Sleipner Site KW - mass balance KW - saline composition KW - Cranfield Site KW - Wabamun Lake Basin KW - hydrology KW - Paleozoic KW - Mississippi KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - Canada KW - brines KW - cap rocks KW - theoretical models KW - Africa KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Algeria KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - United States KW - deep aquifers KW - Mount Simon Sandstone KW - Cambrian KW - ground water KW - Upper Cambrian KW - spatial distribution KW - mitigation KW - Eau Claire Formation KW - percolation KW - Illinois Basin KW - carbon sequestration KW - Western Europe KW - Illinois KW - three-dimensional models KW - injection KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - In Salah Algeria KW - Utsira Sand Formation KW - aquifers KW - multiphase flow KW - Western Canada KW - Norway KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734267931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Multiphase+modeling+of+geologic+carbon+sequestration+in+saline+aquifers&rft.au=Bandilla%2C+Karl+W%3BCelia%2C+Michael+A%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens+T%3BCihan%2C+Abdullah%3BLeister%2C+Evan+C&rft.aulast=Bandilla&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgwat.12315 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 90 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Alberta; Algeria; aquifers; Atlantic Ocean; brines; Cambrian; Canada; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; climate change; Cranfield Site; deep aquifers; Eau Claire Formation; Europe; ground water; hydrology; Illinois; Illinois Basin; In Salah Algeria; injection; mass balance; mathematical models; Mississippi; mitigation; models; Mount Simon Sandstone; multiphase flow; North Africa; North Atlantic; North Sea; Norway; offshore; Paleozoic; percolation; permeability; porous materials; preferential flow; saline composition; scale factor; Scandinavia; Sleipner Site; spatial distribution; theoretical models; three-dimensional models; United States; Upper Cambrian; Utsira Sand Formation; Wabamun Lake Basin; Western Canada; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12315 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraints on the formation environment of two chondrule-like igneous particles from comet 81P/Wild 2 AN - 1700098803; 2015-073814 AB - Using chemical and petrologic evidence and modeling, we deduce that two chondrule-like particles named Iris and Callie, from Stardust cometary track C2052,12,74, formed in an environment very similar to that seen for type II chondrules in meteorites. Iris was heated near liquidus, equilibrated, and cooled at 3 Myr after CAIs, assuming (super 26) Al was homogenously distributed, and was rich in heavy oxygen. Iris may be similar to assemblages found only in interplanetary dust particles and Stardust cometary samples called Kool particles. Callie is chemically and isotopically very similar, but not identical to Iris. Abstract Copyright The Meteoritical Society, 2015. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Gainsforth, Zack AU - Butterworth, Anna L AU - Stodolna, Julien AU - Westphal, Andrew J AU - Huss, Gary R AU - Nagashima, Kazu AU - Ogliore, Ryan AU - Brownlee, Donald E AU - Joswiak, David AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Simionovici, Alexandre S Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 976 EP - 1004 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 50 IS - 5 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - silicates KW - stony meteorites KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - olivine group KW - interplanetary dust KW - XANES spectra KW - synchrotron radiation KW - meteorites KW - pyroxene group KW - CR chondrites KW - clinopyroxene KW - olivine KW - orthosilicates KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - Wild 2 Comet KW - oxides KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - chemical composition KW - chain silicates KW - plagioclase KW - Stardust Mission KW - alkali metals KW - chromite KW - electron microscopy data KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - sodium KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - EDS spectra KW - nesosilicates KW - cosmic dust KW - comets KW - metals KW - chondrules KW - feldspar group KW - SEM data KW - particles KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Constraints+on+the+formation+environment+of+two+chondrule-like+igneous+particles+from+comet+81P%2FWild+2&rft.au=Gainsforth%2C+Zack%3BButterworth%2C+Anna+L%3BStodolna%2C+Julien%3BWestphal%2C+Andrew+J%3BHuss%2C+Gary+R%3BNagashima%2C+Kazu%3BOgliore%2C+Ryan%3BBrownlee%2C+Donald+E%3BJoswiak%2C+David%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BSimionovici%2C+Alexandre+S&rft.aulast=Gainsforth&rft.aufirst=Zack&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=976&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmaps.12445 L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 108 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; carbonaceous chondrites; chain silicates; chemical composition; chondrites; chondrules; chromite; clinopyroxene; comets; cosmic dust; CR chondrites; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; feldspar group; framework silicates; interplanetary dust; isotopes; metals; meteorites; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; oxides; oxygen; particles; plagioclase; pyroxene group; SEM data; silicates; sodium; spectra; Stardust Mission; stony meteorites; synchrotron radiation; TEM data; Wild 2 Comet; X-ray fluorescence spectra; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maps.12445 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of a fracture zone using seismic attributes at the In Salah CO (sub 2) storage project AN - 1700098244; 2015-073925 AB - The In Salah carbon dioxide storage project in Algeria has injected more than 3 million tons of carbon dioxide into a water-filled tight-sand formation. During injection, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) reveals a double-lobed pattern of up to a 20-mm surface uplift above the horizontal leg of an injection well. Interpretation of 3D seismic data reveals the presence of a subtle linear push-down feature located along the InSAR determined surface depression between the two lobes, which we interpreted to have to be caused by anomalously lower velocity from the fracture zone and the presence of CO (sub 2) displacing brine in this feature. To enhance the seismic interpretation, we calculated many poststack seismic attributes, including positive and negative curvatures as well as ant track, from the 3D seismic data. The maximum positive curvature attributes and ant track found the clearest linear features, with two parallel trends, which agreed well with the ant-track volume and the InSAR observations of the depression zone. The seismic attributes provided a plausible characterization of the fracture zone extent, including height, width, and length (80, 350, and 3500 m, respectively), providing important information for further study of fracture behavior due to the CO (sub 2) injection at In Salah. We interpreted the pattern of depression between two surface-deformation lobes as caused by the opening of a subvertical fracture or damage zone at depth above the injection interval, which allowed injected Co (sub 2) to migrate upward. Our analysis corroborated previous interpretation of surface uplift as due to the injection of CO (sub 2) in this well. JF - Interpretation (Tulsa) AU - Zhang, Rui AU - Vasco, Donald AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Harbert, William AU - Sullivan, Charlotte AU - Bonneville, Alain AU - Gupta, Neeraj AU - Nieuwland, Dirk AU - Morris, Joseph Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - SM37 EP - SM46 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 2324-8858, 2324-8858 KW - geophysical surveys KW - North Africa KW - uplifts KW - characterization KW - gas storage KW - tight sands KW - observations KW - carbon dioxide KW - SAR KW - quantitative analysis KW - applications KW - interpretation KW - seismic attributes KW - seismic profiles KW - carbon sequestration KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - radar methods KW - In Salah Algeria KW - deformation KW - seismic methods KW - fracture zones KW - surveys KW - Africa KW - geophysical profiles KW - InSAR KW - Algeria KW - permeability KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+a+fracture+zone+using+seismic+attributes+at+the+In+Salah+CO+%28sub+2%29+storage+project&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Rui%3BVasco%2C+Donald%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BHarbert%2C+William%3BSullivan%2C+Charlotte%3BBonneville%2C+Alain%3BGupta%2C+Neeraj%3BNieuwland%2C+Dirk%3BMorris%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Rui&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=SM37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Interpretation+%28Tulsa%29&rft.issn=23248858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2FINT-2014-0141.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/inteio LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. col., sects., 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Algeria; applications; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; characterization; deformation; fracture zones; gas storage; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; In Salah Algeria; InSAR; interpretation; North Africa; observations; permeability; quantitative analysis; radar methods; SAR; seismic attributes; seismic methods; seismic profiles; surveys; three-dimensional models; tight sands; uplifts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0141.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Graphene-templated directional growth of an inorganic nanowire. AN - 1680192877; 25799519 AB - Assembling inorganic nanomaterials on graphene is of interest in the development of nanodevices and nanocomposite materials, and the ability to align such inorganic nanomaterials on the graphene surface is expected to lead to improved functionalities, as has previously been demonstrated with organic nanomaterials epitaxially aligned on graphitic surfaces. However, because graphene is chemically inert, it is difficult to precisely assemble inorganic nanomaterials on pristine graphene. Previous techniques based on dangling bonds of damaged graphene, intermediate seed materials and vapour-phase deposition at high temperature(,) have only formed randomly oriented or poorly aligned inorganic nanostructures. Here, we show that inorganic nanowires of gold(I) cyanide can grow directly on pristine graphene, aligning themselves with the zigzag lattice directions of the graphene. The nanowires are synthesized through a self-organized growth process in aqueous solution at room temperature, which indicates that the inorganic material spontaneously binds to the pristine graphene surface. First-principles calculations suggest that this assembly originates from lattice matching and π interaction to gold atoms. Using the synthesized nanowires as templates, we also fabricate nanostructures with controlled crystal orientations such as graphene nanoribbons with zigzag-edged directions. JF - Nature nanotechnology AU - Lee, Won Chul AU - Kim, Kwanpyo AU - Park, Jungwon AU - Koo, Jahyun AU - Jeong, Hu Young AU - Lee, Hoonkyung AU - Weitz, David A AU - Zettl, Alex AU - Takeuchi, Shoji AD - 1] Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan [2] ERATO Takeuchi Biohybrid Innovation Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan. ; 1] Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, South Korea. ; 1] School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA [2] Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. ; Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, South Korea. ; UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, South Korea. ; 1] Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DA - May 2015 SP - 423 EP - 428 VL - 10 IS - 5 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680192877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Graphene-templated+directional+growth+of+an+inorganic+nanowire.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Won+Chul%3BKim%2C+Kwanpyo%3BPark%2C+Jungwon%3BKoo%2C+Jahyun%3BJeong%2C+Hu+Young%3BLee%2C+Hoonkyung%3BWeitz%2C+David+A%3BZettl%2C+Alex%3BTakeuchi%2C+Shoji&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Won&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+nanotechnology&rft.issn=1748-3395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnnano.2015.36 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-07-30 N1 - Date created - 2015-05-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2015.36 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification and Characterization of a Golgi-Localized UDP-Xylose Transporter Family from Arabidopsis AN - 1808659206; PQ0003432630 AB - Three nucleotide sugar transporters were shown to transport UDP-Xyl in vitro, demonstrating the existence of plant nucleotide sugar transporters with specificity for UDP-Xyl. UXT1 provides UDP-Xyl for cell wall biosynthesis. Most glycosylation reactions require activated glycosyl donors in the form of nucleotide sugars to drive processes such as posttranslational modifications and polysaccharide biosynthesis. Most plant cell wall polysaccharides are biosynthesized in the Golgi apparatus from cytosolic-derived nucleotide sugars, which are actively transferred into the Golgi lumen by nucleotide sugar transporters (NSTs). An exception is UDP-xylose, which is biosynthesized in both the cytosol and the Golgi lumen by a family of UDP-xylose synthases. The NST-based transport of UDP-xylose into the Golgi lumen would appear to be redundant. However, employing a recently developed approach, we identified three UDP-xylose transporters in the Arabidopsis thaliana NST family and designated them UDP-XYLOSE TRANSPORTER1 (UXT1) to UXT3. All three transporters localize to the Golgi apparatus, and UXT1 also localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum. Mutants in UXT1 exhibit similar to 30% reduction in xylose in stem cell walls. These findings support the importance of the cytosolic UDP-xylose pool and UDP-xylose transporters in cell wall biosynthesis. JF - Plant Cell AU - Ebert, Berit AU - Rautengarten, Carsten AU - Guo, Xiaoyuan AU - Xiong, Guangyan AU - Stonebloom, Solomon AU - Smith-Moritz, Andreia M AU - Herter, Thomas AU - Chan, Leanne Jade G AU - Adams, Paul D AU - Petzold, Christopher J AU - Pauly, Markus AU - Willats, William GT AU - Heazlewood, Joshua L AU - Scheller, Henrik Vibe AD - ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia, hscheller@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/04/24/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 24 SP - 1218 EP - 1227 PB - American Society of Plant Biologists, 15501 Monona Dr. Rockville MD 20855-2768 United States VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 1040-4651, 1040-4651 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Golgi apparatus KW - Sugar KW - Xylose KW - Glycosylation KW - Polysaccharides KW - Nucleotides KW - Endoplasmic reticulum KW - Stem cells KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Plant cells KW - Cytosol KW - Arabidopsis KW - Cell walls KW - W 30930:Agricultural Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808659206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Cell&rft.atitle=Identification+and+Characterization+of+a+Golgi-Localized+UDP-Xylose+Transporter+Family+from+Arabidopsis&rft.au=Ebert%2C+Berit%3BRautengarten%2C+Carsten%3BGuo%2C+Xiaoyuan%3BXiong%2C+Guangyan%3BStonebloom%2C+Solomon%3BSmith-Moritz%2C+Andreia+M%3BHerter%2C+Thomas%3BChan%2C+Leanne+Jade+G%3BAdams%2C+Paul+D%3BPetzold%2C+Christopher+J%3BPauly%2C+Markus%3BWillats%2C+William+GT%3BHeazlewood%2C+Joshua+L%3BScheller%2C+Henrik+Vibe&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Berit&rft.date=2015-04-24&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Cell&rft.issn=10404651&rft_id=info:doi/10.1105%2Ftpc.114.133827 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endoplasmic reticulum; Sugar; Golgi apparatus; Stem cells; Xylose; Plant cells; Cytosol; Glycosylation; Polysaccharides; Nucleotides; Cell walls; Arabidopsis thaliana; Arabidopsis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.114.133827 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing the Interfacial Interaction in Layered-Carbon-Stabilized Iron Oxide Nanostructures: A Soft X-ray Spectroscopic Study. AN - 1675167209; 25839786 AB - We have stabilized the iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) of various sizes on layered carbon materials (Fe-oxide/C) that show excellent catalytic performance. From the characterization of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES), scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy (XMCD), a strong interfacial interaction in the Fe-oxide/C hybrids has been observed between the small iron oxide NPs and layered carbon in contrast to the weak interaction in the large iron oxide NPs. The interfacial interaction between the NPs and layered carbon is found to link with the improved catalytic performance. In addition, the Fe L-edge XMCD spectra show that the large iron oxide NPs are mainly γ-Fe2O3 with a strong ferromagnetic property, whereas the small iron oxide NPs with strong interfacial interaction are mainly α-Fe2O3 or amorphous Fe2O3 with a nonmagnetic property. The results strongly suggest that the interfacial interaction plays a key role for the catalytic performance, and the experimental findings may provide guidance toward rational design of high-performance catalysts. JF - ACS applied materials & interfaces AU - Zhang, Hui AU - Liu, Jinyin AU - Zhao, Guanqi AU - Gao, Yongjun AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Glans, Per-Anders AU - Guo, Jinghua AU - Ma, Ding AU - Sun, Xu-Hui AU - Zhong, Jun AD - ‡Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; §Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. Y1 - 2015/04/22/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 22 SP - 7863 EP - 7868 VL - 7 IS - 15 KW - Magnetite Nanoparticles KW - 0 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - magnetic property KW - layered carbon KW - soft X-ray spectroscopy KW - interfacial interaction KW - iron oxide KW - catalysts KW - Photoelectron Spectroscopy KW - Materials Testing KW - Magnetite Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Magnetic Fields KW - Magnetite Nanoparticles -- ultrastructure KW - Carbon -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1675167209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+applied+materials+%26+interfaces&rft.atitle=Probing+the+Interfacial+Interaction+in+Layered-Carbon-Stabilized+Iron+Oxide+Nanostructures%3A+A+Soft+X-ray+Spectroscopic+Study.&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Hui%3BLiu%2C+Jinyin%3BZhao%2C+Guanqi%3BGao%2C+Yongjun%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BGlans%2C+Per-Anders%3BGuo%2C+Jinghua%3BMa%2C+Ding%3BSun%2C+Xu-Hui%3BZhong%2C+Jun&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Hui&rft.date=2015-04-22&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=7863&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+applied+materials+%26+interfaces&rft.issn=1944-8252&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fam5073996 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-01-12 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am5073996 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A triple mutant in the Ω-loop of TEM-1 β-lactamase changes the substrate profile via a large conformational change and an altered general base for catalysis. AN - 1674201869; 25713062 AB - β-Lactamases are bacterial enzymes that hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics. TEM-1 is a prevalent plasmid-encoded β-lactamase in Gram-negative bacteria that efficiently catalyzes the hydrolysis of penicillins and early cephalosporins but not oxyimino-cephalosporins. A previous random mutagenesis study identified a W165Y/E166Y/P167G triple mutant that displays greatly altered substrate specificity with increased activity for the oxyimino-cephalosporin, ceftazidime, and decreased activity toward all other β-lactams tested. Surprisingly, this mutant lacks the conserved Glu-166 residue critical for enzyme function. Ceftazidime contains a large, bulky side chain that does not fit optimally in the wild-type TEM-1 active site. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the substitutions in the mutant expand the binding site in the enzyme. To investigate structural changes and address whether there is an enlargement in the active site, the crystal structure of the triple mutant was solved to 1.44 Å. The structure reveals a large conformational change of the active site Ω-loop structure to create additional space for the ceftazidime side chain. The position of the hydroxyl group of Tyr-166 and an observed shift in the pH profile of the triple mutant suggests that Tyr-166 participates in the hydrolytic mechanism of the enzyme. These findings indicate that the highly conserved Glu-166 residue can be substituted in the mechanism of serine β-lactamases. The results reveal that the robustness of the overall β-lactamase fold coupled with the plasticity of an active site loop facilitates the evolution of enzyme specificity and mechanism. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Stojanoski, Vlatko AU - Chow, Dar-Chone AU - Hu, Liya AU - Sankaran, Banumathi AU - Gilbert, Hiram F AU - Prasad, B V Venkataram AU - Palzkill, Timothy AD - From the Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 and. ; the Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 and. ; From the Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and. ; the Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720. ; From the Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 and timothyp@bcm.edu. Y1 - 2015/04/17/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 17 SP - 10382 EP - 10394 VL - 290 IS - 16 KW - Penicillins KW - 0 KW - Recombinant Proteins KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - Tyrosine KW - 42HK56048U KW - Ceftazidime KW - 9M416Z9QNR KW - beta-Lactamases KW - EC 3.5.2.6 KW - beta-lactamase TEM-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Protein Structure KW - X-ray Crystallography KW - Protein Stability KW - Enzyme Structure KW - Enzyme Evolution KW - Antibiotic Resistance KW - Enzyme Catalysis KW - Enzyme Kinetics KW - Beta-Lactamase KW - Protein Structure, Secondary KW - Glutamic Acid -- metabolism KW - beta-Lactam Resistance -- genetics KW - Models, Molecular KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Gene Expression KW - Glutamic Acid -- chemistry KW - Penicillins -- metabolism KW - Penicillins -- chemistry KW - Recombinant Proteins -- genetics KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Biocatalysis KW - Tyrosine -- chemistry KW - Recombinant Proteins -- metabolism KW - Kinetics KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Tyrosine -- metabolism KW - Substrate Specificity KW - Recombinant Proteins -- chemistry KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - beta-Lactamases -- chemistry KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Ceftazidime -- chemistry KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - Mutation KW - Ceftazidime -- metabolism KW - beta-Lactamases -- metabolism KW - beta-Lactamases -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1674201869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=A+triple+mutant+in+the+%CE%A9-loop+of+TEM-1+%CE%B2-lactamase+changes+the+substrate+profile+via+a+large+conformational+change+and+an+altered+general+base+for+catalysis.&rft.au=Stojanoski%2C+Vlatko%3BChow%2C+Dar-Chone%3BHu%2C+Liya%3BSankaran%2C+Banumathi%3BGilbert%2C+Hiram+F%3BPrasad%2C+B+V+Venkataram%3BPalzkill%2C+Timothy&rft.aulast=Stojanoski&rft.aufirst=Vlatko&rft.date=2015-04-17&rft.volume=290&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=10382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=1083-351X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M114.633438 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-06-19 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - 4RX2; PDB; 4RX3; 4RVA N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Mar 28;97(7):3160-5 [10716727] Mini Rev Med Chem. 2014 Feb;14(2):111-22 [24456272] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Jan 2;98(1):283-8 [11114163] J Mol Biol. 2002 Jun 28;320(1):85-95 [12079336] J Comput Chem. 2010 Jan 30;31(2):455-61 [19499576] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Jan;66(Pt 1):22-5 [20057045] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2010 Feb;66(Pt 2):213-21 [20124702] Biophys J. 2010 Feb 17;98(4):637-45 [20159160] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010 Mar;54(3):969-76 [19995920] Int J Med Microbiol. 2010 Aug;300(6):371-9 [20537585] Eur J Biochem. 1980 Aug;109(2):575-80 [6773776] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1980 May 16;289(1036):321-31 [6109327] Biochemistry. 1981 May 12;20(10):2732-7 [7018565] Biochem Pharmacol. 1981 Mar 15;30(6):549-52 [6973976] Biochem J. 1986 Aug 1;237(3):723-30 [3492197] J Biol Chem. 1991 Feb 15;266(5):3186-91 [1993691] Biochemistry. 1991 Apr 2;30(13):3179-88 [1901218] Biochem J. 1991 Oct 1;279 ( Pt 1):87-94 [1930157] Biotechnology (N Y). 1991 Aug;9(8):725-30 [1367632] Biochemistry. 1991 Nov 5;30(44):10783-7 [1681903] Protein Eng. 1991 Oct;4(7):805-10 [1798703] Nature. 1992 Oct 22;359(6397):700-5 [1436034] Proteins. 1993 Aug;16(4):364-83 [8356032] Biochemistry. 1994 Jun 21;33(24):7619-26 [7912106] Biochemistry. 1994 Jul 19;33(28):8577-86 [8031792] Mol Microbiol. 1994 Apr;12(2):217-29 [8057847] Anal Biochem. 1994 Jun;219(2):383-4 [8080100] J Mol Biol. 1994 Dec 16;244(5):625-39 [7990143] J Bacteriol. 1996 Apr;178(7):1821-8 [8606154] J Biol Chem. 1996 May 3;271(18):10482-9 [8631844] Biol Pharm Bull. 2006 Nov;29(11):2151-9 [17077507] Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008 Jan;14 Suppl 1:63-74 [18154529] J Mol Biol. 2008 Dec 5;384(1):151-64 [18822298] Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2009 Oct;10(5):401-7 [19538154] J Biol Chem. 2009 Nov 27;284(48):33703-12 [19812041] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2011 Apr;67(Pt 4):235-42 [21460441] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2011 Apr;67(Pt 4):271-81 [21460445] Curr Protoc Mol Biol. 2011 Apr;Chapter 10:Unit10.28 [21472694] Biochemistry. 2011 Jul 26;50(29):6387-95 [21696166] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2013 Feb;69(Pt 2):298-307 [23385465] Protein Expr Purif. 2000 Jul;19(2):235-45 [10873536] FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2010 Nov;34(6):1015-36 [20412308] Curr Pharm Des. 1999 Nov;5(11):895-913 [10539995] Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42 [10592235] J Comput Chem. 2004 Oct;25(13):1605-12 [15264254] J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 13;279(33):34665-73 [15152012] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Apr;73(4):1048-52 [817286] Proteins. 1996 May;25(1):104-11 [8727322] Proteins. 1996 Aug;25(4):473-85 [8865342] Biochemistry. 1996 Dec 24;35(51):16475-82 [8987980] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Aug 5;94(16):8801-6 [9238058] J Biol Chem. 1997 Nov 14;272(46):29144-50 [9360991] Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Jan;42(1):1-17 [9449253] Protein Eng. 1999 Jul;12(7):573-9 [10436083] J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 13;274(33):23052-60 [10438473] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Dec;60(Pt 12 Pt 1):2126-32 [15572765] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Dec;60(Pt 12 Pt 1):2184-95 [15572771] Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2004 Dec;60(Pt 12 Pt 1):2256-68 [15572779] Chem Rev. 2005 Feb;105(2):395-424 [15700950] J Am Chem Soc. 2005 Nov 9;127(44):15397-407 [16262403] J Phys Chem B. 2005 Aug 25;109(33):16153-60 [16853052] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.633438 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evapotranspiration in northern Eurasia; impact of forcing uncertainties on terrestrial ecosystem model estimates AN - 1707521925; 2015-084740 AB - The ecosystems in Northern Eurasia (NE) play an important role in the global water cycle and the climate system. While evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical variable to understand this role, ET over this region remains largely unstudied. Using an improved version of the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model with five widely used forcing data sets, we examine the impact that uncertainties in climate forcing data have on the magnitude, variability, and dominant climatic drivers of ET for the period 1979-2008. Estimates of regional average ET vary in the range of 241.4-335.7 mm yr (super -1) depending on the choice of forcing data. This range corresponds to as much as 32% of the mean ET. Meanwhile, the spatial patterns of long-term average ET across NE are generally consistent for all forcing data sets. Our ET estimates in NE are largely affected by uncertainties in precipitation (P), air temperature (T), incoming shortwave radiation (R), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). During the growing season, the correlations between ET and each forcing variable indicate that T is the dominant factor in the north and P in the south. Unsurprisingly, the uncertainties in climate forcing data propagate as well to estimates of the volume of water available for runoff (here defined as P-ET). While the Climate Research Unit data set is overall the best choice of forcing data in NE according to our assessment, the quality of these forcing data sets remains a major challenge to accurately quantify the regional water balance in NE. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres AU - Liu, Yaling AU - Zhuang, Qianlai AU - Miralles, Diego AU - Pan, Zhihua AU - Kicklighter, David AU - Zhu, Qing AU - He, Yujie AU - Chen, Jiquan AU - Tchebakova, Nadja AU - Sirin, Andrey AU - Niyogi, Dev AU - Melillo, Jerry Y1 - 2015/04/16/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 16 SP - 2647 EP - 2660 PB - Blackwell Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 120 IS - 7 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - hydrology KW - land cover KW - terrestrial environment KW - water vapor KW - Europe KW - ecosystems KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - evapotranspiration KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - hydrologic cycle KW - Eurasia KW - ecology KW - air KW - Asia KW - meteorology KW - climate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Evapotranspiration+in+northern+Eurasia%3B+impact+of+forcing+uncertainties+on+terrestrial+ecosystem+model+estimates&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yaling%3BZhuang%2C+Qianlai%3BMiralles%2C+Diego%3BPan%2C+Zhihua%3BKicklighter%2C+David%3BZhu%2C+Qing%3BHe%2C+Yujie%3BChen%2C+Jiquan%3BTchebakova%2C+Nadja%3BSirin%2C+Andrey%3BNiyogi%2C+Dev%3BMelillo%2C+Jerry&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yaling&rft.date=2015-04-16&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JD022531 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292169-8996 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; Asia; atmospheric precipitation; climate; climate change; ecology; ecosystems; Eurasia; Europe; evapotranspiration; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; land cover; meteorology; temperature; terrestrial environment; water vapor DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022531 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An integrated Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for upscaling hydrological and geochemical parameters from column to field scale. AN - 1658420068; 25644839 AB - Predicting and controlling the concentrations of redox-sensitive elements are primary concerns for environmental remediation of contaminated sites. These predictions are complicated by dynamic flow processes as hydrologic variability is a governing control on conservative and reactive chemical concentrations. Subsurface heterogeneity in the form of layers and lenses further complicates the flow dynamics of the system impacting chemical concentrations including redox-sensitive elements. In response to these complexities, this study investigates the role of heterogeneity and hydrologic processes in an effective parameter upscaling scheme from the column to the landfill scale. We used a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to derive upscaling coefficients for hydrological and geochemical parameters, which were tested for variations across heterogeneous systems (layers and lenses) and interaction of flow processes based on the output uncertainty of dominant biogeochemical concentrations at the Norman Landfill site, a closed municipal landfill with prevalent organic and trace metal contamination. The results from MCMC analysis indicated that geochemical upscaling coefficients based on effective concentration ratios incorporating local heterogeneity across layered and lensed systems produced better estimates of redox-sensitive biogeochemistry at the field scale. MCMC analysis also suggested that inclusion of hydrological parameters in the upscaling scheme reduced the output uncertainty of effective mean geochemical concentrations by orders of magnitude at the Norman Landfill site. This was further confirmed by posterior density plots of the scaling coefficients that revealed unimodal characteristics when only geochemical processes were involved, but produced multimodal distributions when hydrological parameters were included. The multimodality again suggests the effect of heterogeneity and lithologic variability on the distribution of redox-sensitive elements at the Norman Landfill site. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Arora, Bhavna AU - Mohanty, Binayak P AU - McGuire, Jennifer T AD - Water Management & Hydrologic Science Program, Texas A&M University, USA; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Electronic address: barora@lbl.gov. ; Water Management & Hydrologic Science Program, Texas A&M University, USA. ; Department of Biology, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN, USA. Y1 - 2015/04/15/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 15 SP - 428 EP - 443 VL - 512-513 KW - Landfill site KW - Sulfate reduction KW - Scale KW - Spatial variability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658420068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=An+integrated+Markov+chain+Monte+Carlo+algorithm+for+upscaling+hydrological+and+geochemical+parameters+from+column+to+field+scale.&rft.au=Arora%2C+Bhavna%3BMohanty%2C+Binayak+P%3BMcGuire%2C+Jennifer+T&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=Bhavna&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft.volume=512-513&rft.issue=&rft.spage=428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=1879-1026&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2015.01.048 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-07-13 N1 - Date created - 2015-02-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.048 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial distribution of an uranium-respiring betaproteobacterium at the Rifle, CO field research site AN - 1832636500; 728737-1 AB - The Department of Energy's Integrated Field-Scale Subsurface Research Challenge Site (IFRC) at Rifle, Colorado was created to address the gaps in knowledge on the mechanisms and rates of U(VI) bioreduction in alluvial sediments. Previous studies at the Rifle IFRC have linked microbial processes to uranium immobilization during acetate amendment. Several key bacteria believed to be involved in radionuclide containment have been described; however, most of the evidence implicating uranium reduction with specific microbiota has been indirect. Here, we report on the cultivation of a microorganism from the Rifle IFRC that reduces uranium and appears to utilize it as a terminal electron acceptor for respiration with acetate as electron donor. Furthermore, this bacterium constitutes a significant proportion of the subsurface sediment community prior to biostimulation based on TRFLP profiling of 16S rRNA genes. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicates that the microorganism is a betaproteobacterium with a high similarity to Burkholderia fungorum. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of a betaproteobacterium capable of uranium respiration. Our results indicate that this microorganism occurs commonly in alluvial sediments located between 3-6 m below ground surface at Rifle and may play a role in the initial reduction of uranium at the site. JF - PLoS One AU - Koribanics, Nicole M AU - Tuorto, Steven J AU - Lopez-Chiaffarelli, Nora AU - McGuinness, Lora R AU - Haeggblom, Max M AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Long, Philip E AU - Kerkhof, Lee J Y1 - 2015/04/13/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 13 PB - Public Library of Science, San Francisco, CA VL - 2015 IS - e0123378 KW - United States KW - respiration KW - methods KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - living taxa KW - clastic sediments KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - bioremediation KW - Burkholderia fungorum KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Rifle Colorado KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - alluvium KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - Colorado KW - water pollution KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832636500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+One&rft.atitle=Spatial+distribution+of+an+uranium-respiring+betaproteobacterium+at+the+Rifle%2C+CO+field+research+site&rft.au=Koribanics%2C+Nicole+M%3BTuorto%2C+Steven+J%3BLopez-Chiaffarelli%2C+Nora%3BMcGuinness%2C+Lora+R%3BHaeggblom%2C+Max+M%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BKerkhof%2C+Lee+J&rft.aulast=Koribanics&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=2015-04-13&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=e0123378&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PLoS+One&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0123378 L2 - http://journals.plos.org/plosone/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alluvium; bacteria; bioremediation; Burkholderia fungorum; clastic sediments; Colorado; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; living taxa; mass spectra; metals; methods; pollution; remediation; respiration; Rifle Colorado; sediments; spectra; United States; uranium; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123378 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Arctic ecosystem functional zones: identification and quantification using an above and below ground monitoring strategy T2 - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AN - 1684400023; 6347888 JF - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AU - Hubbard, Susan Y1 - 2015/04/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 12 KW - Polar environments KW - Arctic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684400023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=Arctic+ecosystem+functional+zones%3A+identification+and+quantification+using+an+above+and+below+ground+monitoring+strategy&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2015-04-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/egu2015/meetingprogramme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - From land use to land cover: Restoring the afforestation signal in a coupled integrated assessment - earth system model and the implications for CMIP5 RCP simulations T2 - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AN - 1684398840; 6345156 JF - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AU - Di Vittorio, Alan AU - Chini, Louise AU - Bond-Lamberty, Ben AU - Mao, Jiafu AU - Shi, Xiaoying AU - Truesdale, John AU - Craig, Anthony AU - Calvin, Kate AU - Jones, Andrew AU - Collins, William AU - Edmonds, Jae AU - Hurtt, George AU - Thornton, Peter AU - Thomson, Allison Y1 - 2015/04/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 12 KW - Resource management KW - Afforestation KW - Simulation KW - Land use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684398840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=From+land+use+to+land+cover%3A+Restoring+the+afforestation+signal+in+a+coupled+integrated+assessment+-+earth+system+model+and+the+implications+for+CMIP5+RCP+simulations&rft.au=Di+Vittorio%2C+Alan%3BChini%2C+Louise%3BBond-Lamberty%2C+Ben%3BMao%2C+Jiafu%3BShi%2C+Xiaoying%3BTruesdale%2C+John%3BCraig%2C+Anthony%3BCalvin%2C+Kate%3BJones%2C+Andrew%3BCollins%2C+William%3BEdmonds%2C+Jae%3BHurtt%2C+George%3BThornton%2C+Peter%3BThomson%2C+Allison&rft.aulast=Di+Vittorio&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2015-04-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/egu2015/meetingprogramme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Diagnosing Possible Anthropogenic Contributions to Heavy Colorado Rainfall in September 2013 T2 - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AN - 1684398410; 6343684 JF - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AU - Pall, Pardeep AU - Patricola, Christina AU - Wehner, Michael AU - Stone, Daithi AU - Paciorek, Christopher AU - Collins, William Y1 - 2015/04/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 12 KW - USA, Colorado KW - Rainfall KW - Anthropogenic factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684398410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=Diagnosing+Possible+Anthropogenic+Contributions+to+Heavy+Colorado+Rainfall+in+September+2013&rft.au=Pall%2C+Pardeep%3BPatricola%2C+Christina%3BWehner%2C+Michael%3BStone%2C+Daithi%3BPaciorek%2C+Christopher%3BCollins%2C+William&rft.aulast=Pall&rft.aufirst=Pardeep&rft.date=2015-04-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/egu2015/meetingprogramme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hydrogeologic Testing During Drilling of COSC-1 Borehole: Application of FFEC Logging Method T2 - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AN - 1684395246; 6345213 JF - 2015 European Geosciences Union General Assembly AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Rosberg, Jan-Erik AU - Sharma, Prabhakar AU - Niemi, Auli AU - Juhlin, Christopher Y1 - 2015/04/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 12 KW - Logging KW - Drilling KW - Boreholes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684395246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=Hydrogeologic+Testing+During+Drilling+of+COSC-1+Borehole%3A+Application+of+FFEC+Logging+Method&rft.au=Tsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BRosberg%2C+Jan-Erik%3BSharma%2C+Prabhakar%3BNiemi%2C+Auli%3BJuhlin%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Chin-Fu&rft.date=2015-04-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+European+Geosciences+Union+General+Assembly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/egu2015/meetingprogramme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlled induction of DNA double-strand breaks in the mouse liver induces features of tissue ageing. AN - 1672604971; 25858675 AB - DNA damage has been implicated in ageing, but direct evidence for a causal relationship is lacking, owing to the difficulty of inducing defined DNA lesions in cells and tissues without simultaneously damaging other biomolecules and cellular structures. Here we directly test whether highly toxic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) alone can drive an ageing phenotype using an adenovirus-based system based on tetracycline-controlled expression of the SacI restriction enzyme. We deliver the adenovirus to mice and compare molecular and cellular end points in the liver with normally aged animals. Treated, 3-month-old mice display many, but not all signs of normal liver ageing as early as 1 month after treatment, including ageing pathologies, markers of senescence, fused mitochondria and alterations in gene expression profiles. These results, showing that DSBs alone can cause distinct ageing phenotypes in mouse liver, provide new insights in the role of DNA damage as a driver of tissue ageing. JF - Nature communications AU - White, Ryan R AU - Milholland, Brandon AU - de Bruin, Alain AU - Curran, Samuel AU - Laberge, Remi-Martin AU - van Steeg, Harry AU - Campisi, Judith AU - Maslov, Alexander Y AU - Vijg, Jan AD - Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, USA. ; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Utrecht University, Yalelaan1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands. ; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, California 94945, USA. ; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, MA 3721 Bilthoven, The Netherlands. ; 1] Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, California 94945, USA [2] Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2015/04/10/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 10 SP - 6790 VL - 6 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - endodeoxyribonuclease SacI KW - EC 3.1.21.- KW - Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific KW - EC 3.1.21.4 KW - Tetracycline KW - F8VB5M810T KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Transgenes KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Genetic Vectors KW - Biomarkers -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific -- genetics KW - Tetracycline -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA -- genetics KW - DNA -- chemistry KW - Aging -- pathology KW - DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded KW - Aging -- genetics KW - Adenoviridae -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1672604971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=Controlled+induction+of+DNA+double-strand+breaks+in+the+mouse+liver+induces+features+of+tissue+ageing.&rft.au=White%2C+Ryan+R%3BMilholland%2C+Brandon%3Bde+Bruin%2C+Alain%3BCurran%2C+Samuel%3BLaberge%2C+Remi-Martin%3Bvan+Steeg%2C+Harry%3BCampisi%2C+Judith%3BMaslov%2C+Alexander+Y%3BVijg%2C+Jan&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2015-04-10&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6790&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms7790 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-01-08 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: PLoS One. 2008;3(6):e2346 [18545656] Annu Rev Biochem. 2008;77:229-57 [18275380] J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2008;(39):16-9 [18647996] PLoS Genet. 2008;4(8):e1000161 [18704162] Nat Protoc. 2009;4(1):44-57 [19131956] J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009 Feb;64(2):167-70 [19228787] Bioinformatics. 2009 Apr 1;25(7):875-81 [19189975] Aging Cell. 2009 Jun;8(3):311-23 [19627270] Nat Cell Biol. 2009 Aug;11(8):973-9 [19597488] Cell. 2009 Aug 21;138(4):628-44 [19703392] Biotechniques. 2009 Oct;47(4):847-54 [19852768] Bioinformatics. 2010 Apr 1;26(7):873-81 [20147302] Annu Rev Biochem. 2010;79:181-211 [20192759] Nature. 2010 Oct 7;467(7316):707-10 [20861837] J Cell Sci. 2011 Jan 1;124(Pt 1):68-81 [21118958] Genome Biol. 2010;11(10):R106 [20979621] PLoS One. 2011;6(3):e17487 [21408175] Nat Cell Biol. 2011 May;13(5):506-12 [21540846] Nature. 2011 Nov 10;479(7372):232-6 [22048312] Nature. 2011 Nov 24;479(7374):547-51 [22080947] Hepatology. 2012 Feb;55(2):609-21 [21953681] Aging (Albany NY). 2012 Jan;4(1):3-12 [22278880] Nat Commun. 2012;3:708 [22426229] Nat Cell Biol. 2012 May;14(5):510-7 [22484485] Nat Genet. 2012 Aug;44(8):836-8 [22836089] Hum Mol Genet. 2012 Dec 15;21(24):5246-53 [22962300] Annu Rev Physiol. 2013;75:685-705 [23140366] Annu Rev Physiol. 2013;75:645-68 [23398157] J Clin Invest. 2013 Mar;123(3):966-72 [23454759] J Cell Biol. 2013 May 13;201(4):613-29 [23649808] Nature. 2000 Jun 8;405(6787):697-700 [10864328] Mutagenesis. 2000 Jul;15(4):289-302 [10887207] Exp Mol Pathol. 2001 Feb;70(1):43-53 [11170790] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Sep 11;98(19):10630-5 [11535822] Nat Med. 2002 Jan;8(1):3-4 [11786880] Carcinogenesis. 2002 May;23(5):687-96 [12016139] J Virol. 2003 Feb;77(4):2512-21 [12551989] Genome Biol. 2003;4(5):P3 [12734009] Nat Cell Biol. 2004 Feb;6(2):168-70 [14755273] Acta Pathol Jpn. 1975 Jul;25(4):403-12 [170786] Cancer Res. 1989 Dec 1;49(23):6652-7 [2819715] Nat Genet. 1993 Dec;5(4):397-402 [8298650] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Dec 24;93(26):15364-9 [8986817] Nat Genet. 1997 Dec;17(4):431-4 [9398844] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Sep 14;96(19):10770-5 [10485901] Aging Cell. 2013 Oct;12(5):901-9 [23795901] Nat Cell Biol. 2013 Dec;15(12):1495-506 [24270890] J Clin Oncol. 2013 Dec 20;31(36):4496-503 [24248696] PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e84379 [24349572] Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1136:291-305 [24633803] J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014 Sep;69(9):1076-86 [24149428] J Clin Invest. 2004 Nov;114(9):1299-307 [15520862] Nat Rev Immunol. 2005 Apr;5(4):331-42 [15803152] DNA Repair (Amst). 2005 Nov 21;4(11):1314-24 [16115803] Nature. 2006 Jun 22;441(7096):1011-4 [16791200] N Engl J Med. 2006 Oct 12;355(15):1572-82 [17035650] DNA Repair (Amst). 2007 Mar 1;6(3):304-16 [17126084] BMC Genomics. 2007;8:80 [17381838] J Immunol. 2008 Feb 15;180(4):2531-7 [18250463] Mech Ageing Dev. 2008 Jul-Aug;129(7-8):416-24 [18346777] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7790 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probing the role of interlayer coupling and coulomb interactions on electronic structure in few-layer MoSe₂ nanostructures. AN - 1672092371; 25775022 AB - Despite the weak nature of interlayer forces in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials, their properties are highly dependent on the number of layers in the few-layer two-dimensional (2D) limit. Here, we present a combined scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and GW theoretical study of the electronic structure of high quality single- and few-layer MoSe2 grown on bilayer graphene. We find that the electronic (quasiparticle) bandgap, a fundamental parameter for transport and optical phenomena, decreases by nearly one electronvolt when going from one layer to three due to interlayer coupling and screening effects. Our results paint a clear picture of the evolution of the electronic wave function hybridization in the valleys of both the valence and conduction bands as the number of layers is changed. This demonstrates the importance of layer number and electron-electron interactions on van der Waals heterostructures and helps to clarify how their electronic properties might be tuned in future 2D nanodevices. JF - Nano letters AU - Bradley, Aaron J AU - Ugeda, Miguel M AU - da Jornada, Felipe H AU - Qiu, Diana Y AU - Ruan, Wei AU - Zhang, Yi AU - Wickenburg, Sebastian AU - Riss, Alexander AU - Lu, Jiong AU - Mo, Sung-Kwan AU - Hussain, Zahid AU - Shen, Zhi-Xun AU - Louie, Steven G AU - Crommie, Michael F AD - †Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; ∥Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. ; ⊥Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States. Y1 - 2015/04/08/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 08 SP - 2594 EP - 2599 VL - 15 IS - 4 KW - Chalcogens KW - 0 KW - Molybdenum KW - 81AH48963U KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - STM/STS KW - transition metal dichalcogenide KW - screening KW - graphene KW - Coulomb interaction KW - quasiparticle bandgap KW - Static Electricity KW - Electron Transport KW - Materials Testing -- methods KW - Chalcogens -- chemistry KW - Selenium -- chemistry KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- ultrastructure KW - Molybdenum -- chemistry KW - Molecular Probe Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1672092371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nano+letters&rft.atitle=Probing+the+role+of+interlayer+coupling+and+coulomb+interactions+on+electronic+structure+in+few-layer+MoSe%E2%82%82+nanostructures.&rft.au=Bradley%2C+Aaron+J%3BUgeda%2C+Miguel+M%3Bda+Jornada%2C+Felipe+H%3BQiu%2C+Diana+Y%3BRuan%2C+Wei%3BZhang%2C+Yi%3BWickenburg%2C+Sebastian%3BRiss%2C+Alexander%3BLu%2C+Jiong%3BMo%2C+Sung-Kwan%3BHussain%2C+Zahid%3BShen%2C+Zhi-Xun%3BLouie%2C+Steven+G%3BCrommie%2C+Michael+F&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2015-04-08&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nano+letters&rft.issn=1530-6992&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Facs.nanolett.5b00160 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-04-05 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nat Nanotechnol. 2012 Aug;7(8):494-8 [22706698] Nat Nanotechnol. 2012 Aug;7(8):490-3 [22706701] Nano Lett. 2014 May 14;14(5):2443-7 [24783945] Rev Sci Instrum. 2007 Jan;78(1):013705 [17503926] Nat Commun. 2012;3:887 [22673914] Nano Lett. 2012 Sep 12;12(9):4674-80 [22862813] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00160 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of tracers to measure, monitor and verify breakthrough of sequestered CO (sub 2) at the CO2CRC Otway Project, Victoria, Australia AN - 1676591023; 2015-039906 AB - At the Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technology's (CO2CRC) field site in the Otway Basin of Victoria, Australia, investigations into the storage of CO (sub 2) -rich gas in a depleted hydrocarbon gas field have been conducted in the Waarre C reservoir. The injected gas from the nearby Buttress field contained 75 mol% CO (sub 2) , 21 mol% CH (sub 4) with the remaining balance being a mixture of wet hydrocarbons, condensate and nitrogen. Chemical tracers (sulphur hexafluoride, SF (sub 6) ; krypton, Kr; perdeuterated methane, CD (sub 4) ) were added on the basis of literature surveys and small volume trials at the Frio II Brine experiment in Texas. The aim of the project was to measure, monitor and verify the presence of injected CO (sub 2) in a depleted gas field and that the arrival of tracers was a major component of demonstrating breakthrough of CO (sub 2) at the monitoring well, Naylor-1. The paper focuses on methods developed for the injection, recovery and analysis of samples collected at the Naylor-1 well. Results of tracer analysis compare well with other data collected (including pH and density measurements) to demonstrate breakthrough. A slip-stream injection system was designed to deliver the tracers mixed with the CO (sub 2) -rich gas into the subsurface at the CRC-1 well. The tracers were added to the gas stream 17 days after the start of injection (CO (sub 2) injection commenced 18th March, 2008) into the depleted natural gas field at Naylor. A U-tube system was used to retrieve the samples from the Naylor-1 monitoring well. Collected gas and formation water samples were analysed in detail for gas composition, tracers, isotopes ( (super 13) C CO (sub 2) mainly) and inorganic geochemistry for the broader project. The tracer results confirm that CO (sub 2) breakthrough at the monitoring well occurred within the predicted times. However the interval between samples taken from the U-tubes was too coarse to resolve detailed differences in arrival times between the CO (sub 2) and tracers. Of the three tracers used, SF (sub 6) provided the clearest evidence of breakthrough at U-tube 2. Kr, because of its abundance in air, and its potential to be present in the subsurface, was more prone to contamination and had higher background levels prior to breakthrough. CD (sub 4) was expected to provide some more unique data based on the presence of abundant CH (sub 4) in the reservoir interval. With hindsight, larger volumes should have been injected to facilitate comparisons with the other tracers and add value to the data set. The test of CD (sub 4) however acted as a suitable proof of concept that CD (sub 4) could be used in such a high background of CH (sub 4) . Further work is ongoing to generate data for partition coefficients between supercritical CO (sub 2) , CH (sub 4) and water under the injection conditions. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Stalker, Linda AU - Boreham, Chris AU - Underschultz, Jim AU - Freifeld, Barry AU - Perkins, Ernie AU - Schacht, Ulrike AU - Sharma, Sandeep Y1 - 2015/04/02/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Apr 02 SP - 2 EP - 19 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 399 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - halides KW - Butress Field KW - fluorides KW - natural gas KW - gas chromatograms KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Otway Basin KW - petroleum KW - gas storage KW - oil and gas fields KW - Victoria Australia KW - reservoir rocks KW - carbon dioxide KW - noble gases KW - Port Campbell Australia KW - tracers KW - Australia KW - monitoring KW - methane KW - carbon sequestration KW - Australasia KW - alkanes KW - krypton KW - measurement KW - gas injection KW - organic compounds KW - boreholes KW - Naylor Field KW - chromatograms KW - brines KW - hydrocarbons KW - Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676591023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Application+of+tracers+to+measure%2C+monitor+and+verify+breakthrough+of+sequestered+CO+%28sub+2%29+at+the+CO2CRC+Otway+Project%2C+Victoria%2C+Australia&rft.au=Stalker%2C+Linda%3BBoreham%2C+Chris%3BUnderschultz%2C+Jim%3BFreifeld%2C+Barry%3BPerkins%2C+Ernie%3BSchacht%2C+Ulrike%3BSharma%2C+Sandeep&rft.aulast=Stalker&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2015-04-02&rft.volume=399&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2014.12.006 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Australasia; Australia; boreholes; brines; Butress Field; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chromatograms; Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies; fluorides; gas chromatograms; gas injection; gas storage; halides; hydrocarbons; krypton; measurement; methane; monitoring; natural gas; Naylor Field; noble gases; oil and gas fields; organic compounds; Otway Basin; petroleum; Port Campbell Australia; reservoir rocks; tracers; Victoria Australia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.12.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ParCrunchFlow: an efficient, parallel reactive transport simulation tool for physically and chemically heterogeneous saturated subsurface environments AN - 1832625506; 743062-10 AB - Understanding the interactions between physical, geochemical, and biological processes in the shallow subsurface is integral to the development of effective contamination remediation techniques, or the accurate quantification of nutrient fluxes and biogeochemical cycling. Hydrology is a primary control on the behavior of shallow subsurface environments and must be realistically represented if we hope to accurately model these systems. ParCrunchFlow is a new parallel reactive transport model that was created by coupling a multicomponent geochemical code (CrunchFlow) with a parallel hydrologic model (ParFlow). These models are coupled in an explicit operator-splitting manner. ParCrunchFlow can simulate three-dimensional multicomponent reactive transport in highly resolved, field-scale systems by taking advantage of ParFlow's efficient parallelism and robust hydrologic abilities, and CrunchFlow's extensive geochemical abilities. Here, the development of ParCrunchFlow is described and two simple verification simulations are presented. The parallel performance is evaluated and shows that ParCrunchFlow has the ability to simulate very large problems. A series of simulations involving the biologically mediated reduction of nitrate in a floodplain aquifer were conducted. These floodplain simulations show that this code enables us to represent more realistically the variability in chemical concentrations observed in many field-scale systems. The numerical formulation implemented in ParCrunchFlow minimizes numerical dispersion and allows the use of higher-order explicit advection schemes. The effects that numerical dispersion can have on finely resolved, field-scale reactive transport simulations have been evaluated. The smooth gradients produced by a first-order advection scheme create an artificial mixing effect, which decreases the spatial variance in solute concentrations and leads to an increase in overall reaction rates. The work presented here is the first step in a larger effort to couple these models in a transient, variably saturated surface-subsurface framework, with additional geochemical abilities. Copyright 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland JF - Computational Geosciences AU - Beisman, James J AU - Maxwell, Reed M AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Molins, Sergi Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 403 EP - 422 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 1420-0597, 1420-0597 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832625506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computational+Geosciences&rft.atitle=ParCrunchFlow%3A+an+efficient%2C+parallel+reactive+transport+simulation+tool+for+physically+and+chemically+heterogeneous+saturated+subsurface+environments&rft.au=Beisman%2C+James+J%3BMaxwell%2C+Reed+M%3BNavarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis+K%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BMolins%2C+Sergi&rft.aulast=Beisman&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computational+Geosciences&rft.issn=14200597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10596-015-9475-x L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101744/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-015-9475-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mn sub(2)V sub(2)O sub(7): An Earth Abundant Light Absorber for Solar Water Splitting AN - 1770373028; PQ0001488849 AB - Complex oxide beta -Mn sub(2)V sub(2)O sub(7) is identified as exhibiting near-optimal band energetics for solar fuel applications among known metal oxides. Experiments, corroborated by theory, indicate a bandgap near 1.8 eV. The calculations predict that beta -Mn sub(2)V sub(2)O sub(7) has well-aligned band edge energies for the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction. Photoelectrochemical measurements indicate appreciable photocurrent, corroborating the predictions. JF - Advanced Energy Materials AU - Yan, Qimin AU - Li, Guo AU - Newhouse, Paul F AU - Yu, Jie AU - Persson, Kristin A AU - Gregoire, John M AU - Neaton, Jeffrey B AD - Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - [np] PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 8 SN - 1614-6832, 1614-6832 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Band theory KW - Photocurrent KW - Water splitting KW - Metal oxides KW - Oxides KW - Evolution KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Hydrogen evolution KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770373028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.atitle=Mn+sub%282%29V+sub%282%29O+sub%287%29%3A+An+Earth+Abundant+Light+Absorber+for+Solar+Water+Splitting&rft.au=Yan%2C+Qimin%3BLi%2C+Guo%3BNewhouse%2C+Paul+F%3BYu%2C+Jie%3BPersson%2C+Kristin+A%3BGregoire%2C+John+M%3BNeaton%2C+Jeffrey+B&rft.aulast=Yan&rft.aufirst=Qimin&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.issn=16146832&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faenm.201401840 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201401840 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of the environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing of tight/shale gas reservoirs on near-surface groundwater; background, base cases, shallow reservoirs, short-term gas, and water transport AN - 1729845338; 2015-102210 AB - Hydrocarbon production from unconventional resources and the use of reservoir stimulation techniques, such as hydraulic fracturing, has grown explosively over the last decade. However, concerns have arisen that reservoir stimulation creates significant environmental threats through the creation of permeable pathways connecting the stimulated reservoir with shallower freshwater aquifers, thus resulting in the contamination of potable groundwater by escaping hydrocarbons or other reservoir fluids. This study investigates, by numerical simulation, gas and water transport between a shallow tight-gas reservoir and a shallower overlying freshwater aquifer following hydraulic fracturing operations, if such a connecting pathway has been created. We focus on two general failure scenarios: (1) communication between the reservoir and aquifer via a connecting fracture or fault and (2) communication via a deteriorated, preexisting nearby well. We conclude that the key factors driving short-term transport of gas include high permeability for the connecting pathway and the overall volume of the connecting feature. Production from the reservoir is likely to mitigate release through reduction of available free gas and lowering of reservoir pressure, and not producing may increase the potential for release. We also find that hydrostatic tight-gas reservoirs are unlikely to act as a continuing source of migrating gas, as gas contained within the newly formed hydraulic fracture is the primary source for potential contamination. Such incidents of gas escape are likely to be limited in duration and scope for hydrostatic reservoirs. Reliable field and laboratory data must be acquired to constrain the factors and determine the likelihood of these outcomes. Abstract Copyright (2015), . The Authors. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Reagan, Matthew T AU - Moridis, George J AU - Keen, Noel D AU - Johnson, Jeffrey N Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 2543 EP - 2573 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - fractured materials KW - numerical models KW - shale gas KW - natural gas KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - fresh water KW - petroleum KW - tight sands KW - environmental effects KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - shallow depth KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - water pollution KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729845338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+the+environmental+impact+of+hydraulic+fracturing+of+tight%2Fshale+gas+reservoirs+on+near-surface+groundwater%3B+background%2C+base+cases%2C+shallow+reservoirs%2C+short-term+gas%2C+and+water+transport&rft.au=Reagan%2C+Matthew+T%3BMoridis%2C+George+J%3BKeen%2C+Noel+D%3BJohnson%2C+Jeffrey+N&rft.aulast=Reagan&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR016086 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; data processing; digital simulation; environmental effects; fractured materials; fresh water; government agencies; ground water; hydraulic fracturing; natural gas; numerical models; permeability; petroleum; pollution; reservoir rocks; shale gas; shallow depth; tight sands; transport; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016086 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the formation of multiple local peaks in breakthrough curves AN - 1729843459; 2015-102188 AB - The analysis of breakthrough curves (BTCs) is of interest in hydrogeology as a way to parameterize and explain processes related to anomalous transport. Classical BTCs assume the presence of a single peak in the curve, where the location and size of the peak and the slope of the receding limb has been of particular interest. As more information is incorporated into BTCs (for example, with high-frequency data collection, supercomputing efforts), it is likely that classical definitions of BTC shapes will no longer be adequate descriptors for contaminant transport problems. We contend that individual BTCs may display multiple local peaks depending on the hydrogeologic conditions and the solute travel distance. In such cases, classical definitions should be reconsidered. In this work, the presence of local peaks in BTCs is quantified from high-resolution numerical simulations in synthetic fields with a particle tracking technique and a kernel density estimator to avoid either overly jagged or smoothed curves that could mask the results. Individual BTCs from three-dimensional heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity fields with varying combinations of statistical anisotropy, heterogeneity models, and local dispersivity are assessed as a function of travel distance. The number of local peaks, their corresponding slopes, and a transport connectivity index are shown to strongly depend on statistical anisotropy and travel distance. Results show that the choice of heterogeneity model also affects the frequency of local peaks, but the slope is less sensitive to model selection. We also discuss how solute shearing and rerouting can be determined from local peak quantification. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Siirila-Woodburn, Erica R AU - Sanchez-Vila, Xavier AU - Fernandez-Garcia, Daniel Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 2128 EP - 2152 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - theoretical studies KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - three-dimensional models KW - statistical analysis KW - connectivity KW - hydrogeology KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - breakthrough curves KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729843459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=On+the+formation+of+multiple+local+peaks+in+breakthrough+curves&rft.au=Siirila-Woodburn%2C+Erica+R%3BSanchez-Vila%2C+Xavier%3BFernandez-Garcia%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Siirila-Woodburn&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR015840 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - breakthrough curves; connectivity; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrogeology; numerical models; statistical analysis; theoretical studies; three-dimensional models; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015840 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale insertional mutagenesis of Chlamydomonas supports phylogenomic functional prediction of photosynthetic genes and analysis of classical acetate-requiring mutants. AN - 1684435826; 25711437 AB - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga that is a key model organism in the study of photosynthesis and oxidative stress. Here we describe the large-scale generation of a population of insertional mutants that have been screened for phenotypes related to photosynthesis and the isolation of 459 flanking sequence tags from 439 mutants. Recent phylogenomic analysis has identified a core set of genes, named GreenCut2, that are conserved in green algae and plants. Many of these genes are likely to be central to the process of photosynthesis, and they are over-represented by sixfold among the screened insertional mutants, with insertion events isolated in or adjacent to 68 of 597 GreenCut2 genes. This enrichment thus provides experimental support for functional assignments based on previous bioinformatic analysis. To illustrate one of the uses of the population, a candidate gene approach based on genome position of the flanking sequence of the insertional mutant CAL027_01_20 was used to identify the molecular basis of the classical C. reinhardtii mutation ac17. These mutations were shown to affect the gene PDH2, which encodes a subunit of the plastid pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. The mutants and associated flanking sequence data described here are publicly available to the research community, and they represent one of the largest phenotyped collections of algal insertional mutants to date. JF - The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology AU - Dent, Rachel M AU - Sharifi, Marina N AU - Malnoë, Alizée AU - Haglund, Cat AU - Calderon, Robert H AU - Wakao, Setsuko AU - Niyogi, Krishna K AD - Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3102, USA; Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 337 EP - 351 VL - 82 IS - 2 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Plant Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - photosynthesis KW - insertion mutant KW - genomics KW - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii KW - PDH2 KW - oxidative stress KW - GreenCut KW - Acetates -- metabolism KW - Mutation KW - Mutagenesis, Insertional KW - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii -- metabolism KW - Photosynthesis -- genetics KW - Plant Proteins -- genetics KW - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii -- genetics KW - Plant Proteins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684435826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Plant+journal+%3A+for+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.atitle=Large-scale+insertional+mutagenesis+of+Chlamydomonas+supports+phylogenomic+functional+prediction+of+photosynthetic+genes+and+analysis+of+classical+acetate-requiring+mutants.&rft.au=Dent%2C+Rachel+M%3BSharifi%2C+Marina+N%3BMalno%C3%AB%2C+Aliz%C3%A9e%3BHaglund%2C+Cat%3BCalderon%2C+Robert+H%3BWakao%2C+Setsuko%3BNiyogi%2C+Krishna+K&rft.aulast=Dent&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Plant+journal+%3A+for+cell+and+molecular+biology&rft.issn=1365-313X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Ftpj.12806 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-01-05 N1 - Date created - 2015-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12806 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying multiscale zonation and assessing the relative importance of polygon geomorphology on carbon fluxes in an Arctic tundra ecosystem AN - 1683354161; PQ0001587812 AB - We develop a multiscale zonation approach to characterize the spatial variability of Arctic polygonal ground geomorphology and to assess the relative controls of these elements on land surface and subsurface properties and carbon fluxes. Working within an ice wedge polygonal region near Barrow, Alaska, we consider two scales of zonation: polygon features (troughs, centers, and rims of polygons) that are nested within different polygon types (high, flat, and low centered). In this study, we first delineated polygons using a digital elevation map and clustered the polygons into four types along two transects, using geophysical and kite-based landscape-imaging data sets. We extrapolated those data-defined polygon types to all the polygons over the study site, using the polygon statistics extracted from the digital elevation map. Based on the point measurements, we characterized the distribution of vegetation, hydrological, thermal, and geochemical properties, as well as carbon fluxes, all as a function of polygon types and polygon features. Results show that nested polygon geomorphic zonation-polygon types and polygon features-can be used to represent distinct distributions of carbon fluxes and associated properties, as well as covariability among those properties. Importantly, the results indicate that polygon types have more power to explain the variations in those properties than polygon features. The approach is expected to be useful for improved system understanding, site characterization, and parameterization of numerical models aimed at predicting ecosystem feedbacks to the climate. Key Points * A multiscale zonation approach for characterizing an Arctic tundra ecosystem * Identification of data-defined polygon types and distribution over a large area * Polygon types have a large impact on carbon fluxes and associated properties JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. G. Biogeosciences AU - Wainwright, Haruko M AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Smith, Lydia J AU - Hahn, Melanie S AU - Curtis, John B AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Peterson, John E AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Hubbard, Susan S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 788 EP - 808 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 120 IS - 4 SN - 2169-8953, 2169-8953 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Ecosystems KW - Climate change KW - Parameterization KW - Spatial variations KW - Carbon KW - Geomorphology KW - Tundra KW - Feedback KW - Modelling KW - PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow KW - Ice KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Geochemistry KW - Vegetation KW - Zonation KW - PN, Arctic KW - Elevation KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1683354161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Identifying+multiscale+zonation+and+assessing+the+relative+importance+of+polygon+geomorphology+on+carbon+fluxes+in+an+Arctic+tundra+ecosystem&rft.au=Wainwright%2C+Haruko+M%3BDafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BSmith%2C+Lydia+J%3BHahn%2C+Melanie+S%3BCurtis%2C+John+B%3BWu%2C+Yuxin%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BPeterson%2C+John+E%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=Haruko&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=788&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+G.+Biogeosciences&rft.issn=21698953&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JG002799 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Ice; Mathematical models; Geomorphology; Carbon; Geochemistry; Climate change; Parameterization; Modelling; Data processing; Statistics; Tundra; Climate; Vegetation; Feedback; Zonation; Ecosystems; Climates; Elevation; PN, Arctic; PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002799 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated 3-D stress determination by hydraulic fracturing in multiple inclined boreholes beneath an underground cavern AN - 1680752780; 2015-041876 AB - This paper presents a complete three-dimensional stress determination using hydraulic fracturing data from three inclined boreholes, drilled from the floor of an underground cavern at a depth of about 100 m. Both conventional hydraulic fracturing (HF) and hydraulic testing of pre-existing fractures (HTPF) were carried out at all test points to acquire reliable data and conduct the integrated stress analysis. We determined 3-D stress states using a numerical inversion code that integrates the entire data set from HF and HTPF methods, and employs a nonlinear least-squares optimization routine based on a modified Levenberg-Marquardt method and a finite-difference Jacobian algorithm. We present the trend of complete three-dimensional stress states, with depth expressed by correlation equations. We compare the 3-D stress inversion result for the integration of all data from the three boreholes with the results determined independently for each individual borehole. The results showed that the maximum principal stress was subhorizontal and oriented approximately NNE-SSW, and the ratio of maximum to minimum principal stress was 2.0 on average. The inverted scatter of misfit remained within 10% for both the integrated analysis of the entire data set and the measurement data for each individual borehole. From these findings, we conclude that the 3-D stress determination made by integration of HF and HTPF data from multiple inclined boreholes resulted in a reliable inversion of the 3-D stress field. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Synn, Joong-Ho AU - Park, Chan AU - Jung, Yong-Bok AU - Sunwoo, Choon AU - Kim, Ki-Seog AU - Choi, Si-Young AU - Song, Myung-Kyu AU - Shin, Il-Jae AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 44 EP - 55 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 75 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - underground space KW - three-dimensional models KW - stress KW - statistical analysis KW - optimization KW - least-squares analysis KW - caverns KW - boreholes KW - Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm KW - drilling KW - algorithms KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680752780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Integrated+3-D+stress+determination+by+hydraulic+fracturing+in+multiple+inclined+boreholes+beneath+an+underground+cavern&rft.au=Synn%2C+Joong-Ho%3BPark%2C+Chan%3BJung%2C+Yong-Bok%3BSunwoo%2C+Choon%3BKim%2C+Ki-Seog%3BChoi%2C+Si-Young%3BSong%2C+Myung-Kyu%3BShin%2C+Il-Jae%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Synn&rft.aufirst=Joong-Ho&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2015.01.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; boreholes; caverns; drilling; hydraulic fracturing; least-squares analysis; Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm; optimization; statistical analysis; stress; three-dimensional models; underground space DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2015.01.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Low Mach Number Model for Moist Atmospheric Flows AN - 1676356770; PQ0001392392 AB - A low Mach number model for moist atmospheric flows is introduced that accurately incorporates reversible moist processes in flows whose features of interest occur on advective rather than acoustic time scales. Total water is used as a prognostic variable, so that water vapor and liquid water are diagnostically recovered as needed from an exact Clausius-Clapeyron formula for moist thermodynamics. Low Mach number models can be computationally more efficient than a fully compressible model, but the low Mach number formulation introduces additional mathematical and computational complexity because of the divergence constraint imposed on the velocity field. Here, latent heat release is accounted for in the source term of the constraint by estimating the rate of phase change based on the time variation of saturated water vapor subject to the thermodynamic equilibrium constraint. The authors numerically assess the validity of the low Mach number approximation for moist atmospheric flows by contrasting the low Mach number solution to reference solutions computed with a fully compressible formulation for a variety of test problems. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Duarte, Max AU - Almgren, Ann S AU - Bell, John B AD - Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - April 2015 SP - 1605 EP - 1620 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 72 IS - 4 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Model comparison KW - Nonhydrostatic models KW - Numerical analysis/modeling KW - Testing Procedures KW - Water Vapor KW - Atmospheric flows KW - Mathematical models KW - Atmospheric sciences KW - Thermodynamics KW - Water vapor in the atmosphere KW - Acoustics KW - Estimating KW - Velocity KW - Divergence KW - Latent Heat KW - Model Studies KW - Thermodynamic equilibrium KW - Equilibrium KW - Latent heat release KW - Thermodynamics of the atmosphere KW - Phase changes KW - Modelling KW - Q2 09242:Observations and measurements at sea KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676356770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+Low+Mach+Number+Model+for+Moist+Atmospheric+Flows&rft.au=Duarte%2C+Max%3BAlmgren%2C+Ann+S%3BBell%2C+John+B&rft.aulast=Duarte&rft.aufirst=Max&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAS-D-14-0248.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thermodynamic equilibrium; Mathematical models; Thermodynamics; Atmospheric sciences; Phase changes; Modelling; Atmospheric flows; Acoustics; Water vapor in the atmosphere; Latent heat release; Thermodynamics of the atmosphere; Divergence; Testing Procedures; Water Vapor; Equilibrium; Estimating; Velocity; Latent Heat; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-14-0248.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The economic efficiency of energy-consuming equipment: a DEA approach AN - 1673392755; PQ0001351887 AB - The market for an energy-consuming device offers a range of models that will meet consumers' needs for an energy service with different levels of energy efficiency. A more efficient model is likely to have greater up-front costs, but the increased efficiency will eventually translate into energy cost savings over the device's lifespan. Cost-effectiveness indicators (namely, net benefit and benefit-cost ratio) can be used to assess whether a more efficient model can be a better alternative for consumers. However, whereas these indicators express to what extent the additional benefits outweigh the additional costs, they do not indicate how efficiently each model allocates capital and energy to provide the energy service. They, therefore, lack the economic efficiency dimension of the problem. This paper introduces a data-oriented, non-parametric approach to evaluate such efficiency for a set of alternative models of an energy-consuming device. It relies on data envelopment analysis (DEA) to calculate relative efficiency coefficients. The coefficients establish an input efficient frontier for the energy service provided and indicate the models that provide the energy service at the least cost. DEA is further extended to calculate the highest cost-effectiveness achievable and indicate the most cost-effective alternatives. The approach proves useful to support consumers' decision-making when shopping for energy-consuming equipment, to guide manufacturers when benchmarking the models they produce, and to inform energy efficiency policy-making and program designing. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Blum, Helcio AD - Energy Efficiency Standards Group, Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, HBlum@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - Apr 2015 SP - 281 EP - 298 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Cost benefit analysis KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673392755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=The+economic+efficiency+of+energy-consuming+equipment%3A+a+DEA+approach&rft.au=Blum%2C+Helcio&rft.aulast=Blum&rft.aufirst=Helcio&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-014-9283-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Energy; Economics; Cost benefit analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-014-9283-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-cost LED flashlights and market spoiling in Kenya's off-grid lighting market AN - 1673391687; PQ0001351897 AB - Market spoiling stemming from information asymmetry has slowed the adoption grid-independent technologies that replace fuel-based lighting in the developing world. End users typically first experience lighting technology innovations via flashlights. The rapid emergence of inexpensive LED flashlights is a potentially good advancement in this regard, as LED lighting can be longer-lived, have higher initial light output, and be more energy-efficient than incandescent. However, our laboratory tests and end user interviews indicate that these products often fall far short of advertised performance levels and typically fail after a few months of use. Our study of purchasing decisions by 23 Kenyan market traders given an opportunity to purchase warrantied LED lamps found that prior experience with inexpensive LED flashlights significantly reduced their probability of purchasing (p=0.0028). As additional evidence of consumer skepticism, in a large statistical survey, we also find that willingness to pay increases significantly once an LED lighting product is directly handled and tested by the end user. If LED lighting is to achieve its potential as a superior substitute for fuel-based lighting, effective policy measures are needed to remove the information asymmetry between expected and actual performance. One such measure, independent testing and certification, has measurably increased the quality of products available in the off-grid lighting marketplace. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Mills, Evan AU - Tracy, Jennifer L AU - Alstone, Peter AU - Jacobson, Arne AU - Avato, Patrick AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-2000, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, emills@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/04// PY - 2015 DA - Apr 2015 SP - 323 EP - 337 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Willingness to pay KW - Energy efficiency KW - Kenya KW - Laboratory testing KW - Lighting KW - Certification KW - Technology KW - Innovations KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673391687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Low-cost+LED+flashlights+and+market+spoiling+in+Kenya%27s+off-grid+lighting+market&rft.au=Mills%2C+Evan%3BTracy%2C+Jennifer+L%3BAlstone%2C+Peter%3BJacobson%2C+Arne%3BAvato%2C+Patrick&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-014-9294-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Willingness to pay; Energy efficiency; Laboratory testing; Lighting; Certification; Innovations; Technology; Kenya DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-014-9294-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permafrost carbon-climate feedback is sensitive to deep soil carbon decomposability but not deep soil nitrogen dynamics AN - 1832675952; 768422-3 JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Koven, Charles D AU - Lawrence, David M AU - Riley, William J Y1 - 2015/03/24/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 24 SP - 3752 EP - 3757 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 112 IS - 12 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832675952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Permafrost+carbon-climate+feedback+is+sensitive+to+deep+soil+carbon+decomposability+but+not+deep+soil+nitrogen+dynamics&rft.au=Koven%2C+Charles+D%3BLawrence%2C+David+M%3BRiley%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Koven&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2015-03-24&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3752&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1415123112 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1415123112 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Targeted diversity generation by intraterrestrial archaea and archaeal viruses. AN - 1666726412; 25798780 AB - In the evolutionary arms race between microbes, their parasites, and their neighbours, the capacity for rapid protein diversification is a potent weapon. Diversity-generating retroelements (DGRs) use mutagenic reverse transcription and retrohoming to generate myriad variants of a target gene. Originally discovered in pathogens, these retroelements have been identified in bacteria and their viruses, but never in archaea. Here we report the discovery of intact DGRs in two distinct intraterrestrial archaeal systems: a novel virus that appears to infect archaea in the marine subsurface, and, separately, two uncultivated nanoarchaea from the terrestrial subsurface. The viral DGR system targets putative tail fibre ligand-binding domains, potentially generating >10(18) protein variants. The two single-cell nanoarchaeal genomes each possess ≥4 distinct DGRs. Against an expected background of low genome-wide mutation rates, these results demonstrate a previously unsuspected potential for rapid, targeted sequence diversification in intraterrestrial archaea and their viruses. JF - Nature communications AU - Paul, Blair G AU - Bagby, Sarah C AU - Czornyj, Elizabeth AU - Arambula, Diego AU - Handa, Sumit AU - Sczyrba, Alexander AU - Ghosh, Partho AU - Miller, Jeff F AU - Valentine, David L AD - Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA. ; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. ; 1] Center for Biotechnology and Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany [2] DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA. ; 1] Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA [2] Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA [3] California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. ; 1] Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA [2] Department of Earth Science, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106 USA. Y1 - 2015/03/23/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 23 SP - 6585 VL - 6 KW - Archaeal Proteins KW - 0 KW - Retroelements KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Archaea -- virology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Mutation Rate KW - Archaeal Viruses -- genetics KW - Genetic Variation KW - Metagenome -- genetics KW - Archaeal Proteins -- genetics KW - Nanoarchaeota -- virology KW - Nanoarchaeota -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1666726412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=Targeted+diversity+generation+by+intraterrestrial+archaea+and+archaeal+viruses.&rft.au=Paul%2C+Blair+G%3BBagby%2C+Sarah+C%3BCzornyj%2C+Elizabeth%3BArambula%2C+Diego%3BHanda%2C+Sumit%3BSczyrba%2C+Alexander%3BGhosh%2C+Partho%3BMiller%2C+Jeff+F%3BValentine%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=Blair&rft.date=2015-03-23&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms7585 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-03-25 N1 - Date created - 2015-03-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Genetic sequence - PRJNA47435; BioProject; KP703175; GENBANK N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Bioinformatics. 2007 Mar 15;23(6):673-9 [17237039] Nature. 2002 May 2;417(6884):63-7 [11986665] Bioinformatics. 2007 Nov 1;23(21):2947-8 [17846036] Brief Bioinform. 2008 Jul;9(4):299-306 [18417537] Nature. 2008 Aug 21;454(7207):991-4 [18641632] Mol Cell. 2008 Sep 26;31(6):813-23 [18922465] Proteins. 2012 Feb;80(2):374-81 [22095872] Int J Mol Sci. 2014;15(8):14234-46 [25196521] Nature. 1999 Nov 18;402(6759):255-62 [10580495] Trends Genet. 2000 Jun;16(6):276-7 [10827456] Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Dec;36(22):7219-29 [19004871] Science. 2002 Mar 15;295(5562):2091-4 [11896279] Environ Microbiol. 2014 Feb;16(2):545-58 [23827055] Genome Res. 2003 Feb;13(2):145-58 [12566393] Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Jan 1;32(Database issue):D45-9 [14681355] Environ Microbiol. 2004 Sep;6(9):938-47 [15305919] Nature. 2004 Sep 23;431(7007):476-81 [15386016] J Mol Biol. 1990 Oct 5;215(3):403-10 [2231712] Science. 1994 May 27;264(5163):1326-9 [8191287] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2005 Oct;12(10):886-92 [16170324] Science. 2005 Dec 23;310(5756):1970-3 [16373579] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2007 Apr;5(4):316-23 [17334387] Nat Protoc. 2009;4(3):363-71 [19247286] Nat Protoc. 2009;4(4):470-83 [19300441] Nature. 2009 May 14;459(7244):207-12 [19444207] Genome Biol. 2009;10(8):R85 [19698104] PLoS One. 2010;5(2):e9083 [20140207] BMC Bioinformatics. 2010;11:187 [20388221] Syst Biol. 2010 May;59(3):307-21 [20525638] BMC Bioinformatics. 2010;11:341 [20573248] Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan;39(Database issue):D546-51 [21045053] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Aug 30;108(35):14649-53 [21873231] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Mar 6;109(10):3962-6 [22355105] Environ Microbiol. 2012 May;14(5):1333-46 [22404914] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Oct 2;109(40):16213-6 [22927371] BMC Genomics. 2012;13:430 [22928525] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2013 Feb;11(2):83-94 [23321532] PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e57355 [23468974] Environ Microbiol. 2013 May;15(5):1428-40 [22845467] BMC Evol Biol. 2013;13:33 [23391036] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 May 14;110(20):8212-7 [23633572] Biol Direct. 2013;8:9 [23607440] Nature. 2013 Jul 25;499(7459):431-7 [23851394] Curr Opin Microbiol. 2007 Aug;10(4):388-95 [17703991] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7585 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fast forward genetics to understand fungal enzyme secretion T2 - 28th Fungal Genetics Conference AN - 1684406971; 6349012 JF - 28th Fungal Genetics Conference AU - Baker, Scott AU - McCluskey, Kevin AU - Simmons, Blake AU - Lynn, Jed AU - Gladden, John AU - Magnuson, Jon Y1 - 2015/03/17/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 17 KW - Genetics KW - Secretion KW - Enzymes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684406971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=28th+Fungal+Genetics+Conference&rft.atitle=Fast+forward+genetics+to+understand+fungal+enzyme+secretion&rft.au=Baker%2C+Scott%3BMcCluskey%2C+Kevin%3BSimmons%2C+Blake%3BLynn%2C+Jed%3BGladden%2C+John%3BMagnuson%2C+Jon&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2015-03-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=28th+Fungal+Genetics+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.genetics-gsa.org/fungal/2015/pages/sessionlisting.shtml LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparative analysis of transcription factors families across fungal tree of life T2 - 28th Fungal Genetics Conference AN - 1684406127; 6348995 JF - 28th Fungal Genetics Conference AU - Salamov, Asaf AU - Grigoriev, Igor Y1 - 2015/03/17/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 17 KW - Trees KW - Transcription factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1684406127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=28th+Fungal+Genetics+Conference&rft.atitle=Comparative+analysis+of+transcription+factors+families+across+fungal+tree+of+life&rft.au=Salamov%2C+Asaf%3BGrigoriev%2C+Igor&rft.aulast=Salamov&rft.aufirst=Asaf&rft.date=2015-03-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=28th+Fungal+Genetics+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.genetics-gsa.org/fungal/2015/pages/sessionlisting.shtml LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Copper sorption by the edge surfaces of synthetic birnessite nanoparticles AN - 1680753038; 2015-041851 AB - We investigated the sorption of Cu by delta -MnO (sub 2) , an analog for natural birnessite (layer-type Mn oxide) that is characterized by randomly stacked and curled nanosheets, a low to moderate vacancy content, and variable amounts of layer and interlayer Mn (super 3 +) . The synthetic delta -MnO (sub 2) used in this study had a Na:Mn molar ratio of 0.13, an average manganese oxidation number (AMON) of 3.85 after reaction, a specific surface area of 254 m (super 2) g (super - 1) and a particle size of 2-4 nm in the ab plane. The maximum surface excess (q (sub max) ) value at pH 6 estimated from sorption data of 0.72 (0.64-0.83, 95% confidence interval) mol Cu mol (super - 1) Mn far exceeded the nominal vacancy content for delta -MnO (sub 2) (ca. 6-11% mol vacancy mol (super - 1) Mn), thus implicating multiple binding sites for Cu. The large values of q (sub max) and specific surface area of the mineral suggest a major role for surface sites at the particle edges relative to vacancy sites. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra from delta -MnO (sub 2) samples differ with respect to the EXAFS spectra for Cu(OH) (sub 2) , CuO, and Cu (sub 3) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 2) (OH) (sub 2) and Cu-sorbed by biogenic MnO (sub 2) . The Cu K-edge EXAFS spectra show two second-shell peaks that can be modeled with Mn and Cu near-neighbors. Copper appears to bind dominantly at particle edges of delta -MnO (sub 2) as dimers or polynuclear surface species. This sorption mechanism is consistent with the moderate vacancy content of delta -MnO (sub 2) and explains the similarity in the EXAFS spectra from samples having surface loadings of 0.01 to 0.26 mol Cu mol (super - 1) Mn. The strong proclivity of Cu to bind on the edge surfaces of nanoparticulate birnessite leads to very large surface excesses of Cu without the formation of a discreet precipitate, making the surface sites at the particle edges the dominant sorption site for Cu. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Pena, Jasquelin AU - Bargar, John R AU - Sposito, Garrison Y1 - 2015/03/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 09 SP - 196 EP - 207 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 396 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - sorption KW - copper KW - polymerization KW - remediation KW - XANES spectra KW - reactivity KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - synthetic materials KW - surface properties KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - X-ray spectra KW - models KW - isotherms KW - birnessite KW - soil pollution KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - crystal chemistry KW - nanoparticles KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680753038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Copper+sorption+by+the+edge+surfaces+of+synthetic+birnessite+nanoparticles&rft.au=Pena%2C+Jasquelin%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BSposito%2C+Garrison&rft.aulast=Pena&rft.aufirst=Jasquelin&rft.date=2015-03-09&rft.volume=396&rft.issue=&rft.spage=196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2014.12.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; birnessite; copper; crystal chemistry; EXAFS data; experimental studies; isotherms; land use; manganese oxides; metals; models; nanoparticles; oxides; pollutants; pollution; polymerization; reactivity; remediation; soil pollution; sorption; spectra; surface properties; synthetic materials; water pollution; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.12.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical affinity and pH effects on chlorite dissolution kinetics under geological CO (sub 2) sequestration related conditions AN - 1680751631; 2015-041852 AB - The kinetic dissolution of Flagstaff Hill chlorite (CCa-2 from Clay Minerals Society), (Mg (sub 4.55) Al (sub 1.23) Fe (sub 0.12) )(Al (sub 1.04) Si (sub 2.96) )O (sub 10) (OH) (sub 8) , was investigated using a well-mixed flow-through reactor at 100 degrees C, pH values ranging from 3.0 to 7.5, and variable saturation states. The objective was to measure the dependence of chlorite dissolution rate on pH as well as on degree of undersaturation under conditions applicable to geologic carbon storage. A batch experiment was conducted to determine the equilibrium constant of the dissolution reaction at 100 degrees C for the chlorite mineral phase used in this study. A series of experiments was run at varying CO (sub 2) partial pressures (0-60 bars) and different flow rates (0.01-0.25 ml/min). We use our experimental results in conjunction with previously published data to separate the effects of pH and solution saturation state. At constant pH, the chlorite dissolution rate decreases slowly as a function of the Gibbs free energy of reaction (G (sub r) ), which is a quantitative measure of the degree of undersaturation. The undersaturation required (- Delta G (sub r) > 100 kJ/mol) to reach a limiting far-from-equilibrium rate (the "dissolution plateau") is roughly an order of magnitude larger than expected from transition state theory, but similar to that determined for smectite (- Delta G (sub r) > 130 kJ/mol) (Cama et al., 2000). Hence, chlorite dissolution behaves as if the chlorite were close to equilibrium even in solutions that are strongly undersaturated. The chlorite dissolution rate (R) as a function of pH and chemical affinity (Delta G (sub r) ) at 100 degrees C can be fit reasonably well with the following expression: R=(10 (super -7.64) alpha (sub H) (super 1.05) +10 (super -11.56) {1-exp[-0.01677(Delta G (sub r) /RT) (super 13) }} The rate law obtained in this study provides a basis for modeling chlorite mineral dissolution over a range of pH and saturation conditions, which is essential in applications such as subsurface CO (sub 2) sequestration. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Zhang, Shuo AU - Yang, Li AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Steefel, Carl I Y1 - 2015/03/09/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Mar 09 SP - 208 EP - 217 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 396 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - deep aquifers KW - mass spectra KW - gas storage KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution KW - environmental management KW - California KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - carbon KW - metamorphic rocks KW - spectra KW - Flagstaff Hill Chlorite KW - chlorite group KW - kinetics KW - saline composition KW - pH KW - P-T conditions KW - chlorite schist KW - experimental studies KW - carbon sequestration KW - schists KW - pollution KW - free energy KW - solubility KW - aquifers KW - models KW - ICP mass spectra KW - chlorite KW - saturation KW - mathematical methods KW - sheet silicates KW - reservoir properties KW - crystal chemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680751631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Chemical+affinity+and+pH+effects+on+chlorite+dissolution+kinetics+under+geological+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration+related+conditions&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Shuo%3BYang%2C+Li%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Shuo&rft.date=2015-03-09&rft.volume=396&rft.issue=&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2015.01.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; aquifers; California; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chemical reactions; chlorite; chlorite group; chlorite schist; crystal chemistry; deep aquifers; environmental management; experimental studies; Flagstaff Hill Chlorite; free energy; gas storage; ground water; ICP mass spectra; kinetics; mass spectra; mathematical methods; metamorphic rocks; models; P-T conditions; pH; phase equilibria; pollution; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; saline composition; saturation; schists; sheet silicates; silicates; solubility; spectra; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.01.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental study on effects of geologic heterogeneity in enhancing dissolution trapping of supercritical CO (sub 2) AN - 1729843467; 2015-101517 AB - Dissolution trapping is one of the primary mechanisms that enhance the storage security of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO (sub 2) ) in saline geologic formations. When scCO (sub 2) dissolves in formation brine produces an aqueous solution that is denser than formation brine, which leads to convective mixing driven by gravitational instabilities. Convective mixing can enhance the dissolution of CO (sub 2) and thus it can contribute to stable trapping of dissolved CO (sub 2) . However, in the presence of geologic heterogeneities, diffusive mixing may also contribute to dissolution trapping. The effects of heterogeneity on mixing and its contribution to stable trapping are not well understood. The goal of this experimental study is to investigate the effects of geologic heterogeneity on mixing and stable trapping of dissolved CO (sub 2) . Homogeneous and heterogeneous media experiments were conducted in a two-dimensional test tank with various packing configurations using surrogates for scCO (sub 2) (water) and brine (propylene glycol) under ambient pressure and temperature conditions. The results show that the density-driven flow in heterogeneous formations may not always cause significant convective mixing especially in layered systems containing low-permeability zones. In homogeneous formations, density-driven fingering enhances both storage in the deeper parts of the formation and contact between the host rock and dissolved CO (sub 2) for the potential mineralization. On the other hand, for layered systems, dissolved CO (sub 2) becomes immobilized in low-permeability zones with low-diffusion rates, which reduces the risk of leakage through any fault or fracture. Both cases contribute to the permanence of the dissolved plume in the formation. Abstract Copyright (2015), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Agartan, Elif AU - Trevisan, Luca AU - Cihan, Abdullah AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Illangasekare, Tissa H Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 1635 EP - 1648 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - plumes KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - deep aquifers KW - carbon sequestration KW - supercritical state KW - solution KW - porosity KW - physical models KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - fluid injection KW - brines KW - packing KW - heterogeneity KW - saline composition KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729843467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Experimental+study+on+effects+of+geologic+heterogeneity+in+enhancing+dissolution+trapping+of+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Agartan%2C+Elif%3BTrevisan%2C+Luca%3BCihan%2C+Abdullah%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BIllangasekare%2C+Tissa+H&rft.aulast=Agartan&rft.aufirst=Elif&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1635&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014WR015778 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; brines; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; deep aquifers; diffusion; experimental studies; fluid injection; ground water; heterogeneity; packing; physical models; plumes; porosity; saline composition; solution; supercritical state DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015778 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient-electromagnetic finite-difference time-domain earth modeling over steel infrastructure AN - 1703691266; 2015-078761 AB - Including highly conductive steel infrastructure into electromagnetic (EM) earth modeling is motivated by the fact that long metal-cased boreholes have the potential to be used as boosting antennas that enable larger source dipole moments and greater signal penetration depths. Unfortunately, geophysical algorithms designed to simulate EM responses over rather regional scales are complicated by material property contrasts and structure geometries that are more typical for EM engineering applications. Hence, the great majority of earth-modeling algorithms that consider EM responses from steel-cased boreholes use integral-equation methods. To be able to model complex casing scenarios, we revisited the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to advance the modeling of transient-EM field responses from steel-cased boreholes. A time-dependent function that allows for larger FDTD time steps in the DuFort-Frankel method was developed, alleviating the generally large computational overhead. We compared our method against three different kinds of benchmark solutions to demonstrate the reliability of the FDTD field solutions. These test cases were carried out to check the feasibility of a final hydraulic fracturing study. Images of the electric current distribution in a sheetlike rock fracture were calculated for the cases with and without the presence of a connecting borehole casing, demonstrating the casing's potential of illuminating deep target zones. JF - Geophysics AU - Commer, Michael AU - Hoversten, G Michael AU - Um, Evan Schankee Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - E147 EP - E162 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - transient methods KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - electrical conductivity KW - casing KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - finite difference analysis KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - equations KW - fractures KW - boreholes KW - electromagnetic methods KW - time domain analysis KW - electrical currents KW - dipole moment KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703691266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Transient-electromagnetic+finite-difference+time-domain+earth+modeling+over+steel+infrastructure&rft.au=Commer%2C+Michael%3BHoversten%2C+G+Michael%3BUm%2C+Evan+Schankee&rft.aulast=Commer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=E147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2014-0324.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; casing; dipole moment; electrical conductivity; electrical currents; electromagnetic methods; equations; finite difference analysis; fractures; geophysical methods; hydraulic fracturing; numerical models; three-dimensional models; time domain analysis; transient methods; well-logging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2014-0324.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residual stress preserved in quartz from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth AN - 1689588899; 2015-054230 AB - We report on measurements of residual stress up to 300 MPa with a microfocused synchrotron X-ray beam in quartz fragments in a cataclasite from the damage zone of the San Andreas fault, California (USA). Samples were extracted from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth drill core at a depth of 2.7 km. Stresses were derived from lattice distortions observed on Laue diffraction images. These stresses are distributed nonhomogeneously at the micron scale and are much higher than bulk-rock strengths of fault gouge, suggesting different processes at the microscopic and macroscopic scales. Our results indicate that residual lattice strain in quartz is a potential paleopiezometer to estimate stress in deformed rocks. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Chen, Kai AU - Kunz, Martin AU - Tamura, Nobumichi AU - Wenk, Hans-Rudolf Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 219 EP - 222 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - strain KW - silica minerals KW - Central California KW - stress KW - California KW - laboratory studies KW - physical properties KW - San Andreas Fault KW - metamorphic rocks KW - quartz KW - framework silicates KW - cataclasites KW - faults KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689588899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Residual+stress+preserved+in+quartz+from+the+San+Andreas+Fault+Observatory+at+Depth&rft.au=Chen%2C+Kai%3BKunz%2C+Martin%3BTamura%2C+Nobumichi%3BWenk%2C+Hans-Rudolf&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Kai&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG36443.1 L2 - http://geology.gsapubs.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - GSA Data Repository item 2015077 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; cataclasites; Central California; experimental studies; faults; framework silicates; laboratory studies; metamorphic rocks; physical properties; quartz; San Andreas Fault; silica minerals; silicates; strain; stress; United States; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G36443.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spinel compounds as multivalent battery cathodes: a systematic evaluation based on ab initio calculations AN - 1677948099; PQ0001247873 AB - Batteries that shuttle multivalent ions such as Mg super(2+) and Ca super(2+) ions are promising candidates for achieving higher energy density than available with current Li-ion technology. Finding electrode materials that reversibly store and release these multivalent cations is considered a major challenge for enabling such multivalent battery technology. In this paper, we use recent advances in high-throughput first-principles calculations to systematically evaluate the performance of compounds with the spinel structure as multivalent intercalation cathode materials, spanning a matrix of five different intercalating ions and seven transition metal redox active cations. We estimate the insertion voltage, capacity, thermodynamic stability of charged and discharged states, as well as the intercalating ion mobility and use these properties to evaluate promising directions. Our calculations indicate that the Mn sub(2)O sub(4) spinel phase based on Mg and Ca are feasible cathode materials. In general, we find that multivalent cathodes exhibit lower voltages compared to Li cathodes; the voltages of Ca spinels are similar to 0.2 V higher than those of Mg compounds (versus their corresponding metals), and the voltages of Mg compounds are similar to 1.4 V higher than Zn compounds; consequently, Ca and Mg spinels exhibit the highest energy densities amongst all the multivalent cation species. The activation barrier for the Al super(3+) ion migration in the Mn sub(2)O sub(4) spinel is very high ( similar to 1400 meV for Al super(3+) in the dilute limit); thus, the use of an Al based Mn spinel intercalation cathode is unlikely. Amongst the choice of transition metals, Mn-based spinel structures rank highest when balancing all the considered properties. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Liu, Miao AU - Rong, Ziqin AU - Malik, Rahul AU - Canepa, Pieremanuele AU - Jain, Anubhav AU - Ceder, Gerbrand AU - Persson, Kristin A AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; CA 94720; USA Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - Mar 2015 SP - 964 EP - 974 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); Aluminium Industry Abstracts (AI) KW - Cathodes KW - Spinel KW - Ionic mobility KW - Cations KW - Voltage KW - Battery KW - Electric potential KW - Magnesium KW - Energy density UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1677948099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Spinel+compounds+as+multivalent+battery+cathodes%3A+a+systematic+evaluation+based+on+ab+initio+calculations&rft.au=Liu%2C+Miao%3BRong%2C+Ziqin%3BMalik%2C+Rahul%3BCanepa%2C+Pieremanuele%3BJain%2C+Anubhav%3BCeder%2C+Gerbrand%3BPersson%2C+Kristin+A&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Miao&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=964&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ee03389b LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-07 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ee03389b ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Degradation of the mechanical properties imaged by seismic tomography during an EGS creation at The Geysers (California) and geomechanical modeling AN - 1676590927; 2015-039575 AB - Using coupled thermal-hydro-mechanical (THM) modeling, we evaluated new seismic tomography results associated with stimulation injection at an EGS demonstration project at the Northwest Geysers geothermal steam field, California. We studied high resolution seismic tomography images built from data recorded during three time periods: a period of two months prior to injection and during two consecutive one month periods after injection started in October 2011. Our analysis shows that seismic velocity decreases in areas of most intense induced microseismicity and this is also correlated with the spatial distribution of calculated steam pressure changes. A detailed analysis showed that shear wave velocity decreases with pressure in areas where pressure is sufficiently high to cause shear reactivation of pre-existing fractures. The analysis also indicates that cooling in a liquid zone around the injection well contributes to reduced shear wave velocity. A trend of reducing compressional wave velocity with fluid pressure was also found, but at pressures much above the pressure required for shear reactivation. We attribute the reduction in shear wave velocity to softening in the rock mass shear modulus associated with shear dislocations and associated changes in fracture surface properties. Also, as the rock mass become more fractured and more deformable this favors reservoir expansion caused by the pressure increase, and so the fracture porosity increases leading to a decrease in bulk density, a decrease in Young modulus and finally a decrease in V (sub p) . Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Hutchings, Lawrence AU - Singh, Ankit AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Walters, Mark AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Garcia, Julio Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 82 EP - 94 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 240 SN - 0031-9201, 0031-9201 KW - United States KW - tomography KW - P-waves KW - degradation KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - geothermal wells KW - enhanced geothermal system KW - water vapor KW - elastic waves KW - elastic constants KW - fracturing KW - simulation KW - rock mechanics KW - California KW - geothermal systems KW - microseisms KW - geysers KW - velocity KW - Sonoma County California KW - P-T conditions KW - body waves KW - bulk density KW - pressure KW - injection KW - geophysical methods KW - mechanical properties KW - porosity KW - seismic methods KW - geometry KW - models KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - lava KW - mathematical methods KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - Young's modulus KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676590927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+of+the+Earth+and+Planetary+Interiors&rft.atitle=Degradation+of+the+mechanical+properties+imaged+by+seismic+tomography+during+an+EGS+creation+at+The+Geysers+%28California%29+and+geomechanical+modeling&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+Pierre%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BHutchings%2C+Lawrence%3BSingh%2C+Ankit%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BGarcia%2C+Julio&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=240&rft.issue=&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+of+the+Earth+and+Planetary+Interiors&rft.issn=00319201&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pepi.2014.12.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00319201 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - PEPIAM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; bulk density; California; degradation; elastic constants; elastic waves; enhanced geothermal system; fracturing; geometry; geophysical methods; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; geothermal wells; geysers; igneous rocks; injection; lava; mathematical methods; mechanical properties; microseisms; models; P-T conditions; P-waves; porosity; pressure; rock mechanics; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; simulation; Sonoma County California; The Geysers; tomography; United States; velocity; volcanic rocks; water vapor; Young's modulus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2014.12.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The probability distribution of intense daily precipitation AN - 1676367224; PQ0001358674 AB - The probability tail structure of over 22,000 weather stations globally is examined in order to identify the physically and mathematically consistent distribution type for modeling the probability of intense daily precipitation and extremes. Results indicate that when aggregating data annually, most locations are to be considered heavy tailed with statistical significance. When aggregating data by season, it becomes evident that the thickness of the probability tail is related to the variability in precipitation causing events and thus that the fundamental cause of precipitation volatility is weather diversity. These results have both theoretical and practical implications for the modeling of high-frequency climate variability worldwide. Key Points * Daily precipitation rates at weather stations are power law distributed * Storm type diversity contributes to precipitation volatility JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Cavanaugh, Nicholas R AU - Gershunov, Alexander AU - Panorska, Anna K AU - Kozubowski, Tomasz J AD - Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 1560 EP - 1567 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric precipitations KW - Weather KW - Variability KW - Climate models KW - Probability Distribution KW - Climates KW - Climate change KW - Power law KW - Statistical analysis KW - Precipitation KW - Storms KW - Climatic variability KW - Precipitation variability KW - Seasonal variability KW - Daily precipitation KW - Volatility KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Precipitation Rate KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676367224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+probability+distribution+of+intense+daily+precipitation&rft.au=Cavanaugh%2C+Nicholas+R%3BGershunov%2C+Alexander%3BPanorska%2C+Anna+K%3BKozubowski%2C+Tomasz+J&rft.aulast=Cavanaugh&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1560&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2015GL063238 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric precipitations; Climate change; Climate models; Climatic variability; Statistical analysis; Power law; Precipitation variability; Seasonal variability; Precipitation; Daily precipitation; Storms; Weather; Variability; Probability Distribution; Climates; Hydrologic Data; Volatility; Precipitation Rate DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063238 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design of low-cost ionic liquids for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment AN - 1668266257; PQ0001251971 AB - The cost of ionic liquids (ILs) is one of the main impediments to IL utilization in the cellulosic biorefinery, especially in the pretreatment step. In this study, a number of ionic liquids were synthesized with the goal of optimizing solvent cost and stability whilst demonstrating promising processing potential. To achieve this, inexpensive feedstocks such as sulfuric acid and simple amines were combined into a range of protic ionic liquids containing the hydrogen sulfate [HSO sub(4)] super(-) anion. The performance of these ionic liquids was compared to a benchmark system containing the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [C sub(2)C sub(1)im][OAc]. The highest saccharification yields were observed for the triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate IL, which was 75% as effective as the benchmark system. Techno-economic modeling revealed that this promising and yet to be optimized yield was achieved at a fraction of the processing cost. This study demonstrates that some ILs can compete with the cheapest pretreatment chemicals, such as ammonia, in terms of effectiveness and process cost, removing IL cost as a barrier to the economic viability of IL-based biorefineries. JF - Green Chemistry AU - George, Anthe AU - Brandt, Agnieszka AU - Tran, Kim AU - Zahari, Shahrul MSNizan S AU - Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel AU - Sun, Ning AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Shi, Jian AU - Stavila, Vitalie AU - Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan AU - Singh, Seema AU - Holmes, Bradley M AU - Welton, Tom AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Hallett, Jason P AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute; Emeryville; California; USA; , j.hallett@imperial.ac.uk Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 1728 EP - 1734 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Sulfates KW - Anions KW - Ammonia KW - Solvents KW - Hydrogen KW - Biomass KW - Amines KW - Design KW - Green development KW - Economics KW - Sulfuric acid KW - Benchmarks KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668266257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Design+of+low-cost+ionic+liquids+for+lignocellulosic+biomass+pretreatment&rft.au=George%2C+Anthe%3BBrandt%2C+Agnieszka%3BTran%2C+Kim%3BZahari%2C+Shahrul+MSNizan+S%3BKlein-Marcuschamer%2C+Daniel%3BSun%2C+Ning%3BSathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BShi%2C+Jian%3BStavila%2C+Vitalie%3BParthasarathi%2C+Ramakrishnan%3BSingh%2C+Seema%3BHolmes%2C+Bradley+M%3BWelton%2C+Tom%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BHallett%2C+Jason+P&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=Anthe&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1728&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4gc01208a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfates; Chemicals; Anions; Ammonia; Solvents; Hydrogen; Amines; Biomass; Design; Economics; Green development; Sulfuric acid; Benchmarks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4gc01208a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effect of Global Warming on Severe Thunderstorms in the United States AN - 1668265234; PQ0001293511 AB - How will warming temperatures influence thunderstorm severity? This question can be explored by using climate models to diagnose changes in large-scale convective instability (CAPE) and wind shear, conditions that are known to be conducive to the formation of severe thunderstorms. First, an ensemble of climate models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) is evaluated on its ability to reproduce a radiosonde climatology of such storm-favorable conditions in the current climate's spring and summer seasons, focusing on the contiguous United States (CONUS). Of the 11 climate models evaluated, a high-performing subset of four (GFDL CM3, GFDL-ESM2M, MRI-CGCM3, and NorESM1-M) is identified. Second, the twenty-first-century changes in the frequency of environments favorable to severe thunderstorms are calculated in these high-performing models as they are forced by the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emissions pathways. For the RCP8.5 scenario, the models predict consistent CONUS-mean fractional springtime increases in the range of 50%-180% by the end of the twenty-first century; for the summer, three of the four models predict increases in the range of 40%-120% and one model predicts a small decrease. This disagreement between the models is traced to divergent projections for future CAPE and boundary layer humidity in the Great Plains. This paper also explores the sensitivity of the results to the relative weight given to wind shear in determining how "favorable" a large-scale environment is for the development of severe thunderstorms, and it is found that this weighting is not the dominant source of uncertainty in projections of future thunderstorm severity. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Seeley, Jacob T AU - Romps, David M AD - Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, and the Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 2443 EP - 2458 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 28 IS - 6 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Convective storms KW - Wind shear KW - CAPE KW - Climate change KW - Hail KW - Thunderstorm formation KW - Thunderstorms KW - Summer KW - Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models KW - Severe thunderstorms KW - Emissions KW - Radiosondes KW - Seasonal variability KW - Climatology KW - Wind KW - Sensitivity KW - Thunderstorm development KW - Climate models KW - Plains KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Convective instability KW - USA KW - Thunderstorm models KW - USA, Great Plains KW - Boundary layers KW - Global warming KW - Summer thunderstorms KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668265234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+Effect+of+Global+Warming+on+Severe+Thunderstorms+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Seeley%2C+Jacob+T%3BRomps%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Seeley&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJCLI-D-14-00382.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thunderstorm formation; Thunderstorm development; Wind shear; Climate models; Thunderstorms; Humidity; Convective instability; Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models; Severe thunderstorms; Thunderstorm models; Global warming; Climatology; Seasonal variability; Summer thunderstorms; Sensitivity; Climate change; Plains; Temperature; Summer; Greenhouse effect; Boundary layers; Emissions; Radiosondes; Wind; USA; USA, Great Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00382.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sequential implicit algorithm of chemo-thermo-poro-mechanics for fractured geothermal reservoirs AN - 1668232848; 2015-029740 AB - We describe the development of a sequential implicit formulation and algorithm for coupling fluid-heat flow, reactive transport, and geomechanics. We consider changes in pore volume from dissolution caused by chemical reactions, in addition to coupled flow and geomechanics. Moreover, we use the constitutive equations for the multiple porosity model for fractured geothermal reservoirs, employing failure-dependent permeability dynamically and updating it every time step. The proposed sequential algorithm is an extension of the fixed-stress split method to chemo-thermo-poro-mechanics, facilitating the use of existing flow-reactive transport and geomechanics simulators. We first validate a simulator that employs the proposed sequential algorithm, matching the numerical solutions with the analytical solutions such as Terzaghi's and Mandel's problems for poro-mechanics and the reference solutions of chemo-poro-mechanics and chemo-thermo-poro-mechanics in the 1D elastic problems. We also perform convergence test, and the proposed algorithm shows fast convergence, when full iteration is taken, and first order accuracy in time for the staggered approach. We then investigate two test cases: 2D multiple porosity elastic and 3D single porosity elastoplastic problems, and explore the differences in coupled flow and geomechanics with and without reactive transport. We find that the change in pore-volume induced by mineral dissolution can impact on fluid pressure and failure status, followed by significant changes in permeability and flow variables, showing strong interrelations between flow-reactive transport and geomechanics. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Computers & Geosciences AU - Kim, Jihoon AU - Sonnenthal, Eric AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 59 EP - 71 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 76 SN - 0098-3004, 0098-3004 KW - solute transport KW - data processing KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - reactivity KW - Terzaghi problem KW - transport KW - heat flow KW - elastoplastic materials KW - chemical properties KW - poromechanical properties KW - algorithms KW - three-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - thermal properties KW - stress KW - mechanical properties KW - porosity KW - two-dimensional models KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal reservoirs KW - fluid pressure KW - naturally fractured reservoirs KW - mathematical methods KW - volume KW - reservoir properties KW - permeability KW - Mandel problem KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668232848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.atitle=A+sequential+implicit+algorithm+of+chemo-thermo-poro-mechanics+for+fractured+geothermal+reservoirs&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jihoon%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jihoon&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+%26+Geosciences&rft.issn=00983004&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2014.11.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5840&_auth=y&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e5198452fad934c6346f38b57511c8e0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - CODEN - GGEOD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; chemical properties; data processing; elastoplastic materials; fluid pressure; geothermal energy; geothermal reservoirs; heat flow; Mandel problem; mathematical methods; mechanical properties; models; naturally fractured reservoirs; numerical analysis; permeability; poromechanical properties; porosity; reactivity; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; simulation; solute transport; stress; Terzaghi problem; thermal properties; three-dimensional models; transport; two-dimensional models; volume DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2014.11.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Succession of microbial functional communities in response to a pilot-scale ethanol-blended fuel release throughout the plume life cycle. AN - 1653129853; 25603154 AB - GeoChip, a comprehensive gene microarray, was used to examine changes in microbial functional gene structure throughout the 4-year life cycle of a pilot-scale ethanol blend plume, including 2-year continuous released followed by plume disappearance after source removal. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and Mantel tests showed that dissolved O2 (which was depleted within 5 days of initiating the release and rebounded 194 days after source removal) was the most influential environmental factor on community structure. Initially, the abundance of anaerobic BTEX degradation genes increased significantly while that of aerobic BTEX degradation genes decreased. Gene abundance for N fixation, nitrification, P utilization, sulfate reduction and S oxidation also increased, potentially changing associated biogeochemical cycle dynamics. After plume disappearance, most genes returned to pre-release abundance levels, but the final functional structure significantly differed from pre-release conditions. Overall, observed successions of functional structure reflected adaptive responses that were conducive to biodegradation of ethanol-blend releases. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Ma, Jie AU - Deng, Ye AU - Yuan, Tong AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Alvarez, Pedro J J AD - State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA. ; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute for Environmental Genomics, and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA. ; Institute for Environmental Genomics, and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA. ; Institute for Environmental Genomics, and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94270, USA. ; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA. Electronic address: alvarez@rice.edu. Y1 - 2015/03// PY - 2015 DA - March 2015 SP - 154 EP - 160 VL - 198 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Resilience KW - Metagenomics KW - Biodegradation KW - Remediation KW - Fuel ethanol KW - Groundwater KW - Protein Array Analysis KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Chemical Hazard Release KW - Pilot Projects KW - Life Cycle Stages KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Microbial Consortia KW - Environmental Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Genes, Microbial KW - Ethanol -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1653129853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Succession+of+microbial+functional+communities+in+response+to+a+pilot-scale+ethanol-blended+fuel+release+throughout+the+plume+life+cycle.&rft.au=Ma%2C+Jie%3BDeng%2C+Ye%3BYuan%2C+Tong%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BAlvarez%2C+Pedro+J+J&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Jie&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.volume=198&rft.issue=&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=1873-6424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envpol.2015.01.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-08-07 N1 - Date created - 2015-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.01.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Side-chain conducting and phase-separated polymeric binders for high-performance silicon anodes in lithium-ion batteries. AN - 1658705384; 25646659 AB - Here we describe a class of electric-conducting polymers that conduct electrons via the side chain π-π stacking. These polymers can be designed and synthesized with different chemical moieties to perform different functions, extremely suitable as a conductive polymer binder for lithium battery electrodes. A class of methacrylate polymers based on a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon side moiety, pyrene, was synthesized and applied as an electrode binder to fabricate a silicon (Si) electrode. The electron mobilities for PPy and PPyE are characterized as 1.9 × 10(-4) and 8.5 × 10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), respectively. These electric conductive polymeric binders can maintain the electrode mechanical integrity and Si interface stability over a thousand cycles of charge and discharge. The as-assembled batteries exhibit a high capacity and excellent rate performance due to the self-assembled solid-state nanostructures of the conductive polymer binders. These pyrene-based methacrylate binders also enhance the stability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) of a Si electrode over long-term cycling. The physical properties of this polymer are further tailored by incorporating ethylene oxide moieties at the side chains to enhance the adhesion and adjust swelling to improve the stability of the high loading Si electrode. JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society AU - Park, Sang-Jae AU - Zhao, Hui AU - Ai, Guo AU - Wang, Cheng AU - Song, Xiangyun AU - Yuca, Neslihan AU - Battaglia, Vincent S AU - Yang, Wanli AU - Liu, Gao AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division and ‡Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2015/02/25/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 25 SP - 2565 EP - 2571 VL - 137 IS - 7 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658705384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Side-chain+conducting+and+phase-separated+polymeric+binders+for+high-performance+silicon+anodes+in+lithium-ion+batteries.&rft.au=Park%2C+Sang-Jae%3BZhao%2C+Hui%3BAi%2C+Guo%3BWang%2C+Cheng%3BSong%2C+Xiangyun%3BYuca%2C+Neslihan%3BBattaglia%2C+Vincent+S%3BYang%2C+Wanli%3BLiu%2C+Gao&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Sang-Jae&rft.date=2015-02-25&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.issn=1520-5126&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fja511181p LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-08-06 N1 - Date created - 2015-02-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja511181p ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perrhenate incorporation into binary mixed sodalites; the role of anion size and implications for technetium-99 sequestration AN - 1707521266; 2015-084062 AB - Perrhenate (ReO (sub 4) (super -) ), as a TcO (sub 4) (super -) analogue, was incorporated into mixed-anion sodalites from binary solutions containing ReO (sub 4) (super -) and a competing anion X (super n-) (Cl (super -) , CO (sub 3) (super 2-) , SO (sub 4) (super 2-) , MnO (sub 4) (super -) , or WO (sub 4) (super 2-) ). Our objective was to determine the extent of solid solution formation and the dependence of competing ion selectivity on ion size. Using equivalent aqueous concentrations of the anions (ReO (sub 4) (super -) /X (super n-) molar ratio = 1:1), we synthesized mixed-anion sodalites from zeolite and NaOH at 90 degrees C for 96 h. The resulting solids were characterized by bulk chemical analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to determine crystal structure, chemical composition, morphology, and rhenium (Re) oxidation state. Rhenium in the solid phase occurred predominately as Re(VII)O (sub 4) (super -) in the sodalites, which have a primitive cubic pattern in the space group P43n. The refined unit-cell parameters of the mixed sodalites ranged from 8.88 to 9.15 Aa and showed a linear dependence on the size and mole fraction of the incorporated anion(s). The ReO (sub 4) (super -) selectivity, represented by its distribution coefficient (K (sub d) ), increased in the following order: Cl (super -) < NO (sub 3) (super -) < MnO (sub 4) (super -) and CO (sub 3) (super 2-) < SO (sub 4) (super 2-) < WO (sub 4) (super 2-) for the monovalent and divalent anions, respectively. The relationship between the ReO (sub 4) (super -) distribution coefficient and competing anion size was nonlinear. When the difference in ionic radius (DIR) between ReO (sub 4) (super -) and X (super n-) (n = 1 or 2) was greater than approximately 12%, then ReO (sub 4) (super -) incorporation into sodalite was insignificant. The results imply that anion size is the major factor that determines sodalite anion compositions. Given the similarity in chemical behavior and anion size, ReO (sub 4) (super -) serves as a suitable analogue for TcO (sub 4) (super -) under oxidizing conditions where both elements are expected to remain as oxyanions in the + 7 oxidation state. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Dickson, Johnbull O AU - Harsh, James B AU - Lukens, Wayne W AU - Pierce, Eric M Y1 - 2015/02/24/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 24 SP - 138 EP - 143 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 395 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - silicates KW - hazardous waste KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - radioactive waste KW - XANES spectra KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sodalite group KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - technetium KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - electron microscopy data KW - Tc-99 KW - solid solution KW - X-ray spectra KW - ICP mass spectra KW - metals KW - sodalite KW - waste disposal KW - crystal chemistry KW - SEM data KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Perrhenate+incorporation+into+binary+mixed+sodalites%3B+the+role+of+anion+size+and+implications+for+technetium-99+sequestration&rft.au=Dickson%2C+Johnbull+O%3BHarsh%2C+James+B%3BLukens%2C+Wayne+W%3BPierce%2C+Eric+M&rft.aulast=Dickson&rft.aufirst=Johnbull&rft.date=2015-02-24&rft.volume=395&rft.issue=&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2014.12.009 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal chemistry; electron microscopy data; framework silicates; hazardous waste; ICP mass spectra; isotopes; mass spectra; metals; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; SEM data; silicates; sodalite; sodalite group; solid solution; spectra; Tc-99; technetium; waste disposal; X-ray diffraction data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.12.009 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Quark Gluon Plasma and the Early Universe T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658699745; 6338758 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Jacobs, Peter Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Information sciences KW - Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658699745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Quark+Gluon+Plasma+and+the+Early+Universe&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Higgs and Supersymmetry: Going Beyond the Standard Model? T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658699454; 6338757 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Heinemann, Beate Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658699454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Higgs+and+Supersymmetry%3A+Going+Beyond+the+Standard+Model%3F&rft.au=Heinemann%2C+Beate&rft.aulast=Heinemann&rft.aufirst=Beate&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Future Accelerator Technologies T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658699426; 6338775 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Leemans, Wim Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658699426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Future+Accelerator+Technologies&rft.au=Leemans%2C+Wim&rft.aulast=Leemans&rft.aufirst=Wim&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Physical Biomodeling and Foldable, Coarse-Grained Physical Model of Polypeptide Chain T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658698496; 6338878 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Chakraborty, Promita Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Polypeptides KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658698496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Physical+Biomodeling+and+Foldable%2C+Coarse-Grained+Physical+Model+of+Polypeptide+Chain&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+Promita&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=Promita&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Human Influence on the Risk of Present and Future Severe Weather T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658698315; 6338554 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Wehner, Michael Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Weather UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658698315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=The+Human+Influence+on+the+Risk+of+Present+and+Future+Severe+Weather&rft.au=Wehner%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Wehner&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The First Infrared Tomography at the Molecular Level T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658697899; 6338898 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Martin, Michael Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Tomography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658697899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=The+First+Infrared+Tomography+at+the+Molecular+Level&rft.au=Martin%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Overcoming the Physical Limitations of Electron Detection T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658697627; 6338637 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Denes, Peter Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Information sciences KW - Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658697627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Overcoming+the+Physical+Limitations+of+Electron+Detection&rft.au=Denes%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Denes&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Moving From Innovation to Installation: The Advanced Manufacturing Roadmap T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658697575; 6338785 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Srinivasan, Venkat Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Innovations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658697575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Moving+From+Innovation+to+Installation%3A+The+Advanced+Manufacturing+Roadmap&rft.au=Srinivasan%2C+Venkat&rft.aulast=Srinivasan&rft.aufirst=Venkat&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Progress Towards Projecting Climate Change at Storm Scales T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658697462; 6338912 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Collins, William Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - Climatic changes KW - Storms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658697462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Progress+Towards+Projecting+Climate+Change+at+Storm+Scales&rft.au=Collins%2C+William&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Novel Function-Driven Single Cell Genomics Approaches T2 - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AN - 1658697456; 6338553 JF - 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS 2015) AU - Woyke, Tanja Y1 - 2015/02/12/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 12 KW - genomics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1658697456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.atitle=Novel+Function-Driven+Single+Cell+Genomics+Approaches&rft.au=Woyke%2C+Tanja&rft.aulast=Woyke&rft.aufirst=Tanja&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2015+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science+%28AAAS+2015%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aaas.confex.com/aaas/2015/webprogram/meeting2015-02-11.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fractured rock stress-permeability relationships from in situ data and effects of temperature and chemical-mechanical couplings AN - 1855316901; 2017-001766 AB - The purpose of this paper is to (i) review field data on stress-induced permeability changes in fractured rock; (ii) describe estimation of fractured rock stress-permeability relationships through model calibration against such field data; and (iii) discuss observations of temperature and chemically mediated fracture closure and its effect on fractured rock permeability. The field data that are reviewed include in situ block experiments, excavation-induced changes in permeability around tunnels, borehole injection experiments, depth (and stress) dependent permeability, and permeability changes associated with a large-scale rock-mass heating experiment. Data show how the stress-permeability relationship of fractured rock very much depends on local in situ conditions, such as fracture shear offset and fracture infilling by mineral precipitation. Field and laboratory experiments involving temperature have shown significant temperature-driven fracture closure even under constant stress. Such temperature-driven fracture closure has been described as thermal overclosure and relates to better fitting of opposing fracture surfaces at high temperatures, or is attributed to chemically mediated fracture closure related to pressure solution (and compaction) of stressed fracture surface asperities. Back-calculated stress-permeability relationships from field data may implicitly account for such effects, but the relative contribution of purely thermal-mechanical and chemically mediated changes is difficult to isolate. Therefore, it is concluded that further laboratory and in situ experiments are needed to increase the knowledge of the true mechanisms behind thermally driven fracture closure, and to further assess the importance of chemical-mechanical coupling for the long-term evolution of fractured rock permeability. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Geofluids (Oxford) AU - Rutqvist, J Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 48 EP - 66 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford VL - 15 IS - 1-2 SN - 1468-8115, 1468-8115 KW - rock masses KW - fractured materials KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - shear stress KW - stress KW - injection KW - mechanical properties KW - depth KW - uniaxial tests KW - temperature KW - rock mechanics KW - laboratory studies KW - boreholes KW - precipitation KW - tunnels KW - shear KW - heating KW - thermomechanical properties KW - compression KW - permeability KW - field studies KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855316901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geofluids+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Fractured+rock+stress-permeability+relationships+from+in+situ+data+and+effects+of+temperature+and+chemical-mechanical+couplings&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geofluids+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=14688115&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgfl.12089 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1468-8115 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 80 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; compression; depth; experimental studies; field studies; fractured materials; heating; in situ; injection; laboratory studies; mechanical properties; permeability; precipitation; rock masses; rock mechanics; shear; shear stress; stress; temperature; thermomechanical properties; tunnels; uniaxial tests DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gfl.12089 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bicarbonate impact on U(VI) bioreduction in a shallow alluvial aquifer AN - 1707520971; 2015-083845 AB - Field-scale biostimulation and desorption tracer experiments conducted in a uranium (U) contaminated, shallow alluvial aquifer have provided insight into the coupling of microbiology, biogeochemistry, and hydrogeology that control U mobility in the subsurface. Initial experiments successfully tested the concept that Fe-reducing bacteria such as Geobacter sp. could enzymatically reduce soluble U(VI) to insoluble U(IV) during in situ electron donor amendment (Anderson et al., 2003; Williams et al., 2011). In parallel, in situ desorption tracer tests using bicarbonate amendment demonstrated rate-limited U(VI) desorption (Fox et al., 2012). These results and prior laboratory studies underscored the importance of enzymatic U(VI)-reduction and suggested the ability to combine desorption and bioreduction of U(VI). Here we report the results of a new field experiment in which bicarbonate-promoted uranium desorption and acetate amendment were combined and compared to an acetate amendment-only experiment in the same experimental plot. Results confirm that bicarbonate amendment to alluvial aquifer sediments desorbs U(VI) and increases the abundance of Ca-uranyl-carbonato complexes. At the same time, the rate of acetate-promoted enzymatic U(VI) reduction was greater in the presence of added bicarbonate in spite of the increased dominance of Ca-uranyl-carbonato aqueous complexes. A model-simulated peak rate of U(VI) reduction was approximately 3.8 times higher during acetate-bicarbonate treatment than under acetate-only conditions. Lack of consistent differences in microbial community structure between acetate-bicarbonate and acetate-only treatments suggest that a significantly higher rate of U(VI) reduction in the bicarbonate-impacted sediment may be due to a higher intrinsic rate of microbial reduction induced by elevated concentrations of the bicarbonate oxyanion. The findings indicate that bicarbonate amendment may be useful in improving the engineered bioremediation of uranium in aquifers. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Long, Phillip E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Davis, James A AU - Fox, Patricia M AU - Wilkins, Michael J AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AU - Fang, Yilin AU - Waichler, Scott R AU - Berman, Elena S F AU - Gupta, Manish AU - Chandler, Darrell P AU - Murray, Chris AU - Peacock, Aaron D AU - Giloteaux, Ludovic AU - Handley, Kim M AU - Lovley, Derek R AU - Banfield, Jillian F Y1 - 2015/02/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Feb 01 SP - 106 EP - 124 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 150 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - desorption KW - Geobacter KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - aqueous solutions KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - reservoir rocks KW - remediation KW - Rifle Colorado KW - reactivity KW - transport KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - reduction KW - water pollution KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - injection KW - uranyl ion KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - bicarbonate ion KW - aquifers KW - models KW - biogenic processes KW - D/H KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - bacteria KW - shallow aquifers KW - alluvium KW - uranium KW - mobilization KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - actinides KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707520971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Bicarbonate+impact+on+U%28VI%29+bioreduction+in+a+shallow+alluvial+aquifer&rft.au=Long%2C+Phillip+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BFox%2C+Patricia+M%3BWilkins%2C+Michael+J%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven+B%3BFang%2C+Yilin%3BWaichler%2C+Scott+R%3BBerman%2C+Elena+S+F%3BGupta%2C+Manish%3BChandler%2C+Darrell+P%3BMurray%2C+Chris%3BPeacock%2C+Aaron+D%3BGiloteaux%2C+Ludovic%3BHandley%2C+Kim+M%3BLovley%2C+Derek+R%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.11.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 90 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alluvium; aqueous solutions; aquifers; bacteria; bicarbonate ion; biochemistry; biogenic processes; bioremediation; clastic sediments; Colorado; D/H; desorption; experimental studies; Garfield County Colorado; Geobacter; hydrogen; injection; isotope ratios; isotopes; metals; mobilization; models; pollutants; pollution; reactivity; reduction; remediation; reservoir rocks; Rifle Colorado; sediments; shallow aquifers; simulation; solute transport; stable isotopes; tracers; transport; United States; uranium; uranyl ion; water pollution; water wells DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.11.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salinity-buffered methane hydrate formation and dissociation in gas-rich systems AN - 1707520283; 2015-084229 AB - Methane hydrate formation and dissociation are buffered by salinity in a closed system. During hydrate formation, salt excluded from hydrate increases salinity, drives the system to three-phase (gas, water, and hydrate phases) equilibrium, and limits further hydrate formation and dissociation. We developed a zero-dimensional local thermodynamic equilibrium-based model to explain this concept. We demonstrated this concept by forming and melting methane hydrate from a partially brine-saturated sand sample in a controlled laboratory experiment by holding pressure constant (6.94 MPa) and changing temperature stepwise. The modeled methane gas consumptions and hydrate saturations agreed well with the experimental measurements after hydrate nucleation. Hydrate dissociation occurred synchronously with temperature increase. The exception to this behavior is that substantial subcooling (6.4 degrees C in this study) was observed for hydrate nucleation. X-ray computed tomography scanning images showed that core-scale hydrate distribution was heterogeneous. This implied core-scale water and salt transport induced by hydrate formation. Bulk resistivity increased sharply with initial hydrate formation and then decreased as the hydrate ripened. This study reproduced the salinity-buffered hydrate behavior interpreted for natural gas-rich hydrate systems by allowing methane gas to freely enter/leave the sample in response to volume changes associated with hydrate formation and dissociation. It provides insights into observations made at the core scale and log scale of salinity elevation to three-phase equilibrium in natural hydrate systems. Abstract Copyright (2015), American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - You, Kehua AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Flemings, Peter B AU - Polito, Peter AU - Bryant, Steven L Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 643 EP - 661 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 120 IS - 2 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - water KW - methane KW - pressure KW - gas hydrates KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - salinity KW - temperature KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - thermodynamic properties KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707520283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Salinity-buffered+methane+hydrate+formation+and+dissociation+in+gas-rich+systems&rft.au=You%2C+Kehua%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BFlemings%2C+Peter+B%3BPolito%2C+Peter%3BBryant%2C+Steven+L&rft.aulast=You&rft.aufirst=Kehua&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JB011190 L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/jgr/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2169-9356/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; chemical composition; gas hydrates; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; methane; organic compounds; pressure; salinity; temperature; thermodynamic properties; water DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011190 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Near-liquidus growth of feldspar spherulites in trachytic melts; 3D morphologies and implications in crystallization mechanisms AN - 1673366181; 2015-034230 AB - The nucleation and growth processes of spherulitic alkali feldspar have been investigated in this study through X-ray microtomography and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data. Here we present the first data on Shape Preferred Orientation (SPO) and Crystal Preferred Orientation (CPO) of alkali feldspar within spherulites. The analysis of synchrotron X-ray microtomography and EBSD datasets allowed us to study the morphometric characteristics of spherulites in trachytic melts in quantitative fashion, highlighting the three-dimensional shape, preferred orientation, branching of lamellae and crystal twinning, providing insights about the nucleation mechanism involved in the crystallization of the spherulites. The nucleation starts with a heterogeneous nucleus (pre-existing crystal or bubble) and subsequently it evolves forming "bow tie" morphologies, reaching radially spherulitic shapes in few hours. Since each lamella within spherulite is also twinned, these synthetic spherulites cannot be considered as single nuclei but crystal aggregates originated by heterogeneous nucleation. A twin boundary may have a lower energy than general crystal-crystal boundaries and many of the twinned grains show evidence of strong local bending which, combined with twin plane, creates local sites for heterogeneous nucleation. This study shows that the growth rates of the lamellae (10 (super - 6) -10 (super - 7) cm/s) in spherulites are either similar or slightly higher than that for single crystals by up to one order of magnitude. Furthermore, the highest volumetric growth rates (10 (super - 11) -10 (super - 12) cm (super 3) /s) show that the alkali feldspar within spherulites can grow fast reaching a volumetric size of approximately 10 mu m (super 3) in 1 s. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Lithos (Oslo) AU - Arzilli, Fabio AU - Mancini, Lucia AU - Voltolini, Marco AU - Cicconi, Maria Rita AU - Mohammadi, Sara AU - Giuli, Gabriele AU - Mainprice, David AU - Paris, Eleonora AU - Barou, Fabrice AU - Carroll, Michael R Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 93 EP - 105 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 216-217 SN - 0024-4937, 0024-4937 KW - tomography KW - silicates KW - imagery KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - data processing KW - melts KW - preferred orientation KW - EBSD data KW - electron backscatter diffraction data KW - alkali feldspar KW - phase equilibria KW - grain boundaries KW - trachytes KW - spherulites KW - framework silicates KW - P-T conditions KW - processes KW - liquid phase KW - experimental studies KW - three-dimensional models KW - silicate melts KW - electron microscopy data KW - nucleation KW - magmas KW - crystallization KW - synchrotrons KW - microtomography KW - feldspar group KW - SEM data KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673366181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lithos+%28Oslo%29&rft.atitle=Near-liquidus+growth+of+feldspar+spherulites+in+trachytic+melts%3B+3D+morphologies+and+implications+in+crystallization+mechanisms&rft.au=Arzilli%2C+Fabio%3BMancini%2C+Lucia%3BVoltolini%2C+Marco%3BCicconi%2C+Maria+Rita%3BMohammadi%2C+Sara%3BGiuli%2C+Gabriele%3BMainprice%2C+David%3BParis%2C+Eleonora%3BBarou%2C+Fabrice%3BCarroll%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Arzilli&rft.aufirst=Fabio&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=216-217&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lithos+%28Oslo%29&rft.issn=00244937&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.lithos.2014.12.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00244937 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - LITHAN N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali feldspar; crystallization; data processing; EBSD data; electron backscatter diffraction data; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; feldspar group; framework silicates; grain boundaries; igneous rocks; imagery; liquid phase; magmas; melts; microtomography; nucleation; P-T conditions; phase equilibria; preferred orientation; processes; SEM data; silicate melts; silicates; spherulites; synchrotrons; three-dimensional models; tomography; trachytes; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2014.12.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How oxidation and dissolution in diabase and granite control porosity during weathering AN - 1664439470; 2015-026583 AB - Weathering extends to shallower depths on diabase than granite ridgetops despite similar climate and geomorphological regimes of denudation in the Virginia (United States) Piedmont. Deeper weathering has been attributed to advective transport of solutes in granitic rock compared to diffusive transport in diabase. We use neutron scattering (NS) techniques to quantify the total and connected submillimeter porosity (nominal diameters between 1 nm and 10 mu m) and specific surface area (SSA) during weathering. The internal surface of each unweathered rock is characterized as both a mass fractal and a surface fractal. The mass fractal describes the distribution of pores ( approximately 300 nm to approximately 5 mu m) along grain boundaries and triple junctions. The surface fractal is interpreted as the distribution of smaller features (1-300 nm), that is, the bumps (or irregularities) at the grain-pore interface. The earliest porosity development in the granite is driven by microfracturing of biotite, which leads to the introduction of fluids that initiate dissolution of other silicates. Once plagioclase weathering begins, porosity increases significantly and the mass + surface fractal typical for unweathered granite transforms to a surface fractal as infiltration of fluids continues. In contrast, the mass + surface fractal does not transform to a surface fractal during weathering of the diabase, perhaps consistent with the interpretation that solute transport is dominated by diffusion in that rock. The difference in regolith thickness between granite and diabase is likely due to the different mechanisms of solute transport across the primary silicate reaction front. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Bazilevskaya, Ekaterina AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Mildner, David F R AU - Pavich, Milan AU - Cole, David AU - Bhatt, Maya P AU - Jin, Lixin AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Brantley, Susan L Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 55 EP - 73 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 79 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - tomography KW - silicates KW - calcium KW - neutron methods KW - granites KW - mechanism KW - Appalachians KW - plutonic rocks KW - neutron scattering KW - weathered materials KW - Fairfax County Virginia KW - framework silicates KW - North America KW - chemical weathering KW - plagioclase KW - Virginia KW - Quaternary KW - electron microscopy data KW - X-ray spectra KW - porosity KW - depth KW - EDS spectra KW - saprolite KW - parent materials KW - upper Holocene KW - feldspar group KW - SEM data KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - magnesium KW - igneous rocks KW - solution KW - Holocene KW - modern KW - Cenozoic KW - major elements KW - transport KW - denudation KW - reactive transport KW - spectra KW - mass transfer KW - alkaline earth metals KW - oxidation KW - alkali metals KW - fluid flow KW - sodium KW - advection KW - weathering KW - focused ion beam KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - sulfur KW - wave dispersion KW - computed tomography data KW - diabase KW - Piedmont KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664439470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=How+oxidation+and+dissolution+in+diabase+and+granite+control+porosity+during+weathering&rft.au=Bazilevskaya%2C+Ekaterina%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BMildner%2C+David+F+R%3BPavich%2C+Milan%3BCole%2C+David%3BBhatt%2C+Maya+P%3BJin%2C+Lixin%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L&rft.aulast=Bazilevskaya&rft.aufirst=Ekaterina&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2014.04.0135 L2 - https://www.soils.org/publications/sssaj LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Appalachians; calcium; Cenozoic; chemical weathering; computed tomography data; denudation; depth; diabase; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; Fairfax County Virginia; feldspar group; fluid flow; focused ion beam; framework silicates; granites; Holocene; igneous rocks; infiltration; magnesium; major elements; mass transfer; mechanism; metals; modern; neutron methods; neutron scattering; North America; oxidation; parent materials; Piedmont; plagioclase; plutonic rocks; porosity; Quaternary; reactive transport; saprolite; SEM data; silicates; sodium; solute transport; solution; spectra; sulfur; tomography; transport; United States; upper Holocene; Virginia; wave dispersion; weathered materials; weathering; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2014.04.0135 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Will mercury impurities impact CO sub(2) injectivity in deep sedimentary formations? I. Condensation and net porosity reduction AN - 1664208438; PQ0001180283 AB - Mercury is a common contaminant in natural gas and partially follows carbon dioxide through amine separation during natural gas processing. In this study, we used simple volumetric analyses, the simulator TOUGH2/EOS7C, and dew-point calculations to investigate the potential impacts on injectivity of trace amounts of mercury in a carbon dioxide stream injected for geologic carbon dioxide sequestration. For mercury concentrations up to 190 ppbV (1.6 mg/stdm super(3) CO sub(2)), the total volumetric pore-space plugging that could occur around the wellbore due to complete condensation of mercury, or due to complete precipitation of mercury as cinnabar, results in a very small porosity change. Evaporative concentration of aqueous mercury by water evaporation into carbon dioxide is unlikely because the volatility of mercury into the carbon dioxide stream is higher than that of water. Dew-point calculations suggest that mercury concentrations of about 2000 ppbV are needed for mercury condensation to occur. Our analyses suggest that for mercury concentrations of a few hundred ppbV, the impacts on injectivity of mercury deposition by condensation or precipitation as cinnabar are negligible. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Spycher, Nicolas AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - Feb 2015 SP - 64 EP - 71 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Volumetric analysis KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Evaporation KW - Porosity KW - Precipitation KW - Amines KW - Natural gas KW - Streams KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Uncertainty KW - Mercury deposition KW - Mercury KW - Geology KW - Condensation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Science and technology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 556.13:Evaporation/Evapotranspiration (556.13) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664208438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Will+mercury+impurities+impact+CO+sub%282%29+injectivity+in+deep+sedimentary+formations%3F+I.+Condensation+and+net+porosity+reduction&rft.au=Oldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas&rft.aulast=Oldenburg&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1472 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mercury in the atmosphere; Mercury deposition; Atmospheric pollution; Evaporation; Condensation; Precipitation; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Science and technology; Volumetric analysis; Uncertainty; Carbon sequestration; Porosity; Mercury; Geology; Amines; Streams; Natural gas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1472 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Will mercury impurities impact CO sub(2) injectivity in deep sedimentary formations? II. Mineral dissolution and precipitation AN - 1664207414; PQ0001180284 AB - Numerical simulations of carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) injection into a sandstone reservoir (2 km depth) were used to investigate the geochemical effects of trace amounts of mercury (Hg, 7 and 190 ppbV), with and without hydrogen sulfide (H sub(2)S, 200 ppm). Geochemical reaction-path modeling shows that cinnabar precipitates as soon as the Hg-bearing CO sub(2) reacts with the formation. Mercury does not condense to liquid, and the net volume change from mineral dissolution and precipitation is found to be negligible. Two-dimensional radial reactive transport simulations of CO sub(2) injection at a rate of 14.5 kg/s (0.5 Mt/y) into a 400-m-thick formation at 106 degree C and 215 bar, with varying amounts of Hg and H sub(2)S, show that porosity changes only by about plus or minus 0.05% absolute (i.e., new porosity% = initial porosity% plus or minus 0.05), and that Hg readily precipitates as cinnabar in a zone mostly coinciding with the single-phase CO sub(2) plume. This essentially negligible porosity change is not expected to affect permeability and CO sub(2) injectivity. The precipitation of minerals other than cinnabar dominates the evolution of porosity. Although the predicted porosity change is small, the dissolution and precipitation predicted for individual minerals is not negligible. The main reactions include the replacement of primarily Fe-chlorite by siderite, of calcite by dolomite, and of K-feldspar by muscovite. Chalcedony is also predicted to precipitate from the dissolution of feldspars. Except for some replacement of pyrite by ankerite when H sub(2)S is deficient, the cases with and without H sub(2)S show similar results. Experimental measurements are needed to decrease uncertainty in simulation results. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkely, CA, USA. Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - Feb 2015 SP - 72 EP - 90 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Sandstone KW - Porosity KW - Geochemistry KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Hydrogen KW - Hydrogen sulfide KW - Permeability KW - Numerical simulations KW - Mercury KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Minerals KW - Plumes KW - Reservoirs KW - Science and technology KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664207414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Will+mercury+impurities+impact+CO+sub%282%29+injectivity+in+deep+sedimentary+formations%3F+II.+Mineral+dissolution+and+precipitation&rft.au=Spycher%2C+Nicolas%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M&rft.aulast=Spycher&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1474 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical simulations; Hydrogen; Precipitation; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Science and technology; Reservoirs; Permeability; Sandstone; Geochemistry; Porosity; Mercury; Simulation; Hydrogen sulfide; Plumes; Minerals DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1474 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Salmonella Type III Secretion System Virulence Effector Forms a New Hexameric Chaperone Assembly for Export of Effector/Chaperone Complexes AN - 1660434823; PQ0001092425 AB - Bacteria hijack eukaryotic cells by injecting virulence effectors into host cytosol with a type III secretion system (T3SS). Effectors are targeted with their cognate chaperones to hexameric T3SS ATPase at the bacterial membrane's cytosolic face. In this issue of the Journal of Bacteriology, Roblin et al. (P. Roblin, F. Dewitte, V. Villeret, E. G. Biondi, and C. Bompard, J Bacteriol 197:688-698, 2015, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.02294-14) show that the T3SS chaperone SigE of Salmonella can form hexameric rings rather than dimers when bound to its cognate effector, SopB, implying a novel multimeric association for chaperone/effector complexes with their ATPase. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Tsai, Chi-Lin AU - Burkinshaw, Brianne J AU - Strynadka, Natalie CJ AU - Tainer, John A AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA, JATainer@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - February 2015 SP - 672 EP - 675 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 197 IS - 4 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Virulence KW - Adenosinetriphosphatase KW - Secretion KW - Anadromous species KW - Cytosol KW - Chaperones KW - Salmonella KW - Bacteriology KW - J 02330:Biochemistry KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660434823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=The+Salmonella+Type+III+Secretion+System+Virulence+Effector+Forms+a+New+Hexameric+Chaperone+Assembly+for+Export+of+Effector%2FChaperone+Complexes&rft.au=Tsai%2C+Chi-Lin%3BBurkinshaw%2C+Brianne+J%3BStrynadka%2C+Natalie+CJ%3BTainer%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Tsai&rft.aufirst=Chi-Lin&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=197&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.02524-14 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Virulence; Anadromous species; Secretion; Bacteriology; Adenosinetriphosphatase; Cytosol; Chaperones; Salmonella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.02524-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Manipulating the polarity of conductive polymer binders for Si-based anodes in lithium-ion batteries AN - 1660412001; PQ0001094216 AB - Si-based anodes continue to draw tremendous interest for lithium-ion batteries due to their large specific capacity for lithium. However, maintaining the stability while extracting high capacity from Si anodes remains a challenge because of significant volume changes during their electrochemical alloying and de-alloying with lithium. Polymer binder selection and optimization may allow dramatic improvements in the performance of Si-based anodes. Most studies of polymer binders of Si anodes have involved the use of insulating poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and carboxyl group containing carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). Herein, we report for the first time the systematic studies on manipulating the polarity by adjusting the molar ratio of polar triethyleneoxide side chains, therefore the electrolyte up-taking properties change systematically for conductive polyfluorene-based polymer binders. The results show that through optimizing the polarity of polymer binders, superior performance as a binder for Si anodes may be obtained. This study could be used as a model system and may open new avenues to explore a novel series of binders for both insulating and conductive polymer binder families. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Wu, Mingyan AU - Song, Xiangyun AU - Liu, Xiaosong AU - Battaglia, Vincent AU - Yang, Wanli AU - Liu, Gao AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division (EETD); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA; , Gliu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - Feb 2015 SP - 3651 EP - 3658 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 3 IS - 7 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Fluoride KW - Energy KW - Polymers KW - Electrochemistry KW - Lithium KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660412001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Manipulating+the+polarity+of+conductive+polymer+binders+for+Si-based+anodes+in+lithium-ion+batteries&rft.au=Wu%2C+Mingyan%3BSong%2C+Xiangyun%3BLiu%2C+Xiaosong%3BBattaglia%2C+Vincent%3BYang%2C+Wanli%3BLiu%2C+Gao&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Mingyan&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=3651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ta06594h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrolytes; Batteries; Fluoride; Energy; Electrochemistry; Polymers; Sustainability; Lithium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta06594h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling, Simulation, and Fabrication of a Fully Integrated, Acid-stable, Scalable Solar-Driven Water-Splitting System AN - 1660398507; PQ0001008843 AB - A fully integrated solar-driven water-splitting system comprised of WO sub(3)/FTO/p super(+)n Si as the photoanode, Pt/TiO sub(2)/Ti/n super(+)p Si as the photocathode, and Nafion as the membrane separator, was simulated, assembled, operated in 1.0M HClO sub(4), and evaluated for performance and safety characteristics under dual side illumination. A multi-physics model that accounted for the performance of the photoabsorbers and electrocatalysts, ion transport in the solution electrolyte, and gaseous product crossover was first used to define the optimal geometric design space for the system. The photoelectrodes and the membrane separators were then interconnected in a louvered design system configuration, for which the light-absorbing area and the solution-transport pathways were simultaneously optimized. The performance of the photocathode and the photoanode were separately evaluated in a traditional three-electrode photoelectrochemical cell configuration. The photocathode and photoanode were then assembled back-to-back in a tandem configuration to provide sufficient photovoltage to sustain solar-driven unassisted water-splitting. The current-voltage characteristics of the photoelectrodes showed that the low photocurrent density of the photoanode limited the overall solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency due to the large band gap of WO sub(3). A hydrogen-production rate of 0.17mLhr super(-1) and a STH conversion efficiency of 0.24% was observed in a full cell configuration for >20h with minimal product crossover in the fully operational, intrinsically safe, solar-driven water-splitting system. The solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency, eta sub(STH), calculated using the multiphysics numerical simulation was in excellent agreement with the experimental behavior of the system. The value of eta sub(STH) was entirely limited by the performance of the photoelectrochemical assemblies employed in this study. The louvered design provides a robust platform for implementation of various types of photoelectrochemical assemblies, and can provide an approach to significantly higher solar conversion efficiencies as new and improved materials become available. A solar-hydrogen prototype: A fully integrated, acid-stable and scalable solar-driven water-splitting system is simulated, assembled and evaluated for performance and safety characteristics. The louvered architecture provides a robust platform for implementation of various types of photoelectrochemical assemblies, and can provide an approach to significantly higher solar conversion efficiencies as new and improved materials become available. JF - ChemSusChem AU - Walczak, Karl AU - Chen, Yikai AU - Karp, Christoph AU - Beeman, Jeffrey W AU - Shaner, Matthew AU - Spurgeon, Joshua AU - Sharp, Ian D AU - Amashukeli, Xenia AU - West, William AU - Jin, Jian AU - Lewis, Nathan S AU - Xiang, Chengxiang AD - Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA). Y1 - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DA - Feb 2015 SP - 544 EP - 551 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 1864-5631, 1864-5631 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Membranes KW - Ion transport KW - Safety engineering KW - Behavior KW - Prototypes KW - Safety KW - Simulation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - H 2000:Transportation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660398507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ChemSusChem&rft.atitle=Modeling%2C+Simulation%2C+and+Fabrication+of+a+Fully+Integrated%2C+Acid-stable%2C+Scalable+Solar-Driven+Water-Splitting+System&rft.au=Walczak%2C+Karl%3BChen%2C+Yikai%3BKarp%2C+Christoph%3BBeeman%2C+Jeffrey+W%3BShaner%2C+Matthew%3BSpurgeon%2C+Joshua%3BSharp%2C+Ian+D%3BAmashukeli%2C+Xenia%3BWest%2C+William%3BJin%2C+Jian%3BLewis%2C+Nathan+S%3BXiang%2C+Chengxiang&rft.aulast=Walczak&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft.date=2015-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=544&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ChemSusChem&rft.issn=18645631&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcssc.201402896 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-09-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrolytes; Ion transport; Membranes; Behavior; Safety engineering; Prototypes; Safety; Simulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201402896 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion-specific control of the self-assembly dynamics of a nanostructured protein lattice. AN - 1652417876; 25494454 AB - Self-assembling proteins offer a potential means of creating nanostructures with complex structure and function. However, using self-assembly to create nanostructures with long-range order whose size is tunable is challenging, because the kinetics and thermodynamics of protein interactions depend sensitively on solution conditions. Here we systematically investigate the impact of varying solution conditions on the self-assembly of SbpA, a surface-layer protein from Lysinibacillus sphaericus that forms two-dimensional nanosheets. Using high-throughput light scattering measurements, we mapped out diagrams that reveal the relative yield of self-assembly of nanosheets over a wide range of concentrations of SbpA and Ca(2+). These diagrams revealed a localized region of optimum yield of nanosheets at intermediate Ca(2+) concentration. Replacement of Mg(2+) or Ba(2+) for Ca(2+) indicates that Ca(2+) acts both as a specific ion that is required to induce self-assembly and as a general divalent cation. In addition, we use competitive titration experiments to find that 5 Ca(2+) bind to SbpA with an affinity of 67.1 ± 0.3 μM. Finally, we show via modeling that nanosheet assembly occurs by growth from a negligibly small critical nucleus. We also chart the dynamics of nanosheet size over a variety of conditions. Our results demonstrate control of the dynamics and size of the self-assembly of a nanostructured lattice, the constituents of which are one of a class of building blocks able to form novel hybrid nanomaterials. JF - ACS nano AU - Rad, Behzad AU - Haxton, Thomas K AU - Shon, Albert AU - Shin, Seong-Ho AU - Whitelam, Stephen AU - Ajo-Franklin, Caroline M AD - Materials Sciences Division, ‡Physical Biosciences Division, and Synthetic Biology Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720-8075, United States. Y1 - 2015/01/27/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 27 SP - 180 EP - 190 VL - 9 IS - 1 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Monosaccharide Transport Proteins KW - SbpA protein, bacteria KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - biomaterials KW - Ca2+ binding KW - self-assembly dynamics KW - protein interactions KW - nanostructures KW - Models, Molecular KW - Protein Conformation KW - Nanostructures -- chemistry KW - Monosaccharide Transport Proteins -- chemistry KW - Calcium -- chemistry KW - Bacterial Proteins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1652417876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Ion-specific+control+of+the+self-assembly+dynamics+of+a+nanostructured+protein+lattice.&rft.au=Rad%2C+Behzad%3BHaxton%2C+Thomas+K%3BShon%2C+Albert%3BShin%2C+Seong-Ho%3BWhitelam%2C+Stephen%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Caroline+M&rft.aulast=Rad&rft.aufirst=Behzad&rft.date=2015-01-27&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnn502992x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-02 N1 - Date created - 2015-01-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Bacteriol. 1996 Jul;178(13):3677-82 [8682765] Anal Biochem. 1989 Nov 1;182(2):319-26 [2610349] J Struct Biol. 1998 Dec 15;124(2-3):276-302 [10049812] Methods Mol Biol. 2005;300:101-23 [15657481] J Struct Biol. 2007 Dec;160(3):313-23 [17638580] J Biotechnol. 2008 Feb 1;133(3):403-11 [18035441] Nat Methods. 2009 Aug;6(8):606-12 [19620974] Macromol Biosci. 2010 Feb 11;10(2):147-55 [19637150] Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2010 Apr;14(2):247-54 [20102793] Annu Rev Phys Chem. 2010;61:171-89 [20055668] Bioconjug Chem. 2009 May 20;20(5):895-903 [19402706] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Sep 21;107(38):16536-41 [20823255] Phys Rev Lett. 2010 Aug 20;105(8):088102 [20868132] Nanoscale. 2010 Nov;2(11):2346-57 [20936214] Nanotechnology. 2011 Mar 4;22(9):095601 [21258149] ACS Nano. 2011 Mar 22;5(3):2288-97 [21375257] Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2011;103:73-130 [21999995] Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2011;103:277-352 [21999999] Nat Chem. 2012 May;4(5):375-82 [22522257] Nature. 2012 Jul 5;487(7405):119-22 [22722836] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Aug 7;109(32):12968-73 [22822216] Nat Methods. 2012 Jul;9(7):671-5 [22930834] ACS Nano. 2013 Jun 25;7(6):4946-53 [23705800] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2014 Mar;12(3):211-22 [24509785] Nat Struct Biol. 2000 Jul;7(7):537-41 [10876236] Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct. 2002;31:275-302 [11988471] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Jul;68(7):3251-60 [12089001] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Nov 12;99(23):14646-51 [12417763] Biochem J. 2004 Apr 15;379(Pt 2):441-8 [14725506] Biochemistry. 2004 Jun 15;43(23):7365-81 [15182180] Biophys J. 2004 Jul;87(1):553-61 [15240488] Mol Microbiol. 2004 Oct;54(2):291-7 [15469503] Methods Enzymol. 1986;130:47-59 [3773745] Methods Enzymol. 1997;278:221-57 [9170316] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn502992x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meiotic interstrand DNA damage escapes paternal repair and causes chromosomal aberrations in the zygote by maternal misrepair. AN - 1645779818; 25567288 AB - De novo point mutations and chromosomal structural aberrations (CSA) detected in offspring of unaffected parents show a preferential paternal origin with higher risk for older fathers. Studies in rodents suggest that heritable mutations transmitted from the father can arise from either paternal or maternal misrepair of damaged paternal DNA, and that the entire spermatogenic cycle can be at risk after mutagenic exposure. Understanding the susceptibility and mechanisms of transmission of paternal mutations is important in family planning after chemotherapy and donor selection for assisted reproduction. We report that treatment of male mice with melphalan (MLP), a bifunctional alkylating agent widely used in chemotherapy, induces DNA lesions during male mouse meiosis that persist unrepaired as germ cells progress through DNA repair-competent phases of spermatogenic development. After fertilization, unrepaired sperm DNA lesions are mis-repaired into CSA by the egg's DNA repair machinery producing chromosomally abnormal offspring. These findings highlight the importance of both pre- and post-fertilization DNA repair in assuring the genomic integrity of the conceptus. JF - Scientific reports AU - Marchetti, Francesco AU - Bishop, Jack AU - Gingerich, John AU - Wyrobek, Andrew J AD - 1] Environmental Health Science Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9 [2] Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA 94720 [3] Biosciences Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA. ; National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. ; Environmental Health Science Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9. ; 1] Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA 94720 [2] Biosciences Department, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA. Y1 - 2015/01/08/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 08 SP - 7689 VL - 5 KW - Melphalan KW - Q41OR9510P KW - Index Medicus KW - Spermatozoa -- physiology KW - Animals KW - DNA Repair KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Chromosome Aberrations -- drug effects KW - Meiosis -- drug effects KW - Zygote -- physiology KW - Zygote -- growth & development KW - Zygote -- drug effects KW - Melphalan -- toxicity KW - DNA Damage -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645779818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Meiotic+interstrand+DNA+damage+escapes+paternal+repair+and+causes+chromosomal+aberrations+in+the+zygote+by+maternal+misrepair.&rft.au=Marchetti%2C+Francesco%3BBishop%2C+Jack%3BGingerich%2C+John%3BWyrobek%2C+Andrew+J&rft.aulast=Marchetti&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rft.date=2015-01-08&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=7689&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep07689 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-02-18 N1 - Date created - 2015-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jan;76(1):435-7 [284360] Gamete Res. 1987 Sep;18(1):77-83 [3507364] J Cell Sci. 1990 Sep;97 ( Pt 1):1-3 [2175310] Mutat Res. 1992 Jul;282(3):151-8 [1378547] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jul 1;89(13):6182-6 [1352884] Mutat Res. 1994 Dec;318(3):205-26 [7527485] Mutat Res. 1995 Dec;345(3-4):167-80 [8552138] Mutat Res. 1996 Aug 17;355(1-2):13-40 [8781575] Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Mar 15;25(6):1211-8 [9092631] Mol Hum Reprod. 1996 Jan;2(1):46-51 [9238657] Mutat Res. 1997 Dec 12;396(1-2):129-40 [9434864] Environ Mol Mutagen. 2012 Dec;53(9):725-40 [23065650] J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013 Feb 6;105(3):175-201 [23297039] Environ Mol Mutagen. 2000;36(4):255-65 [11152558] Nat Rev Genet. 2000 Oct;1(1):40-7 [11262873] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Mar 27;98(7):3952-7 [11274416] Nat Rev Genet. 2001 Apr;2(4):280-91 [11283700] Mutat Res. 2001 Sep 4;486(4):217-47 [11516927] Reproduction. 2001 Jan;121(1):31-9 [11226027] Lancet. 2002 Aug 3;360(9330):361-7 [12241775] Mol Reprod Dev. 2003 Oct;66(2):172-80 [12950105] Biol Reprod. 2004 Mar;70(3):616-24 [14585809] Cancer Res. 1978 Jun;38(6):1502-6 [565677] Biochimie. 1998 Feb;80(2):117-28 [9587669] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1999;34(1):16-23 [10462719] Cytogenetics. 1964;3:289-94 [14248459] Genetica. 2004 Sep;122(1):25-36 [15619958] Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2005 Jun;75(2):112-29 [16035041] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 Sep 1;207(2 Suppl):521-31 [16051290] Hum Reprod. 2006 Apr;21(4):888-95 [16311288] DNA Repair (Amst). 2006 Aug 13;5(8):959-71 [16837249] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Nov 6;104(45):17725-9 [17978187] Toxicol Sci. 2007 Dec;100(2):495-503 [17872895] DNA Repair (Amst). 2008 Apr 2;7(4):572-81 [18282746] Hum Mol Genet. 2008 Jul 1;17(13):1922-37 [18353795] Cell. 2008 Sep 19;134(6):969-80 [18805090] Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2010 May 27;365(1546):1663-78 [20403877] Environ Mol Mutagen. 2010 Jul;51(6):540-51 [20658646] Genes Dev. 2010 Aug 15;24(16):1680-94 [20713514] PLoS Genet. 2011 Jun;7(6):e1002094 [21655083] Nat Rev Cancer. 2011 Jul;11(7):467-80 [21701511] Nature. 2012 Aug 23;488(7412):471-5 [22914163] PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43875 [22928046] Nat Genet. 2012 Oct;44(10):1161-5 [22922873] Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1981;29(4):189-97 [7016465] Cell. 1990 Aug 10;62(3):403-6 [2165864] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep07689 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Representing northern peatland microtopography and hydrology within the Community Land Model AN - 1861112267; 765129-14 AB - Predictive understanding of northern peatland hydrology is a necessary precursor to understanding the fate of massive carbon stores in these systems under the influence of present and future climate change. Current models have begun to address microtopographic controls on peatland hydrology, but none have included a prognostic calculation of peatland water table depth for a vegetated wetland, independent of prescribed regional water tables. We introduce here a new configuration of the Community Land Model (CLM) which includes a fully prognostic water table calculation for a vegetated peatland. Our structural and process changes to CLM focus on modifications needed to represent the hydrologic cycle of bogs environment with perched water tables, as well as distinct hydrologic dynamics and vegetation communities of the raised hummock and sunken hollow microtopography characteristic of peatland bogs. The modified model was parameterized and independently evaluated against observations from an ombrotrophic raised-dome bog in northern Minnesota (S1-Bog), the site for the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Climatic and Environmental Change experiment (SPRUCE). Simulated water table levels compared well with site-level observations. The new model predicts hydrologic changes in response to planned warming at the SPRUCE site. At present, standing water is commonly observed in bog hollows after large rainfall events during the growing season, but simulations suggest a sharp decrease in water table levels due to increased evapotranspiration under the most extreme warming level, nearly eliminating the occurrence of standing water in the growing season. Simulated soil energy balance was strongly influenced by reduced winter snowpack under warming simulations, with the warming influence on soil temperature partly offset by the loss of insulating snowpack in early and late winter. The new model provides improved predictive capacity for seasonal hydrological dynamics in northern peatlands, and provides a useful foundation for investigation of northern peatland carbon exchange. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Shi, X AU - Thornton, P E AU - Ricciuto, D M AU - Hanson, P J AU - Mao, J AU - Sebestyen, S D AU - Griffiths, N A AU - Bisht, G Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 6463 EP - 6477 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 12 IS - 21 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861112267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Representing+northern+peatland+microtopography+and+hydrology+within+the+Community+Land+Model&rft.au=Shi%2C+X%3BThornton%2C+P+E%3BRicciuto%2C+D+M%3BHanson%2C+P+J%3BMao%2C+J%3BSebestyen%2C+S+D%3BGriffiths%2C+N+A%3BBisht%2C+G&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=6463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.biogeosciences.net/12/6463/2015/bg-12-6463-2015.pdf http://www.biogeosciences.net LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transfer of rare earth elements (REE) from manganese oxides to phosphates during early diagenesis in pelagic sediments inferred from REE patterns, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and chemical leaching method AN - 1861088583; 772500-8 JF - Geochemical Journal AU - Takahashi, Yoshio AU - Hayasaka, Yasutaka AU - Morita, Koichi AU - Kashiwabara, Teruhiko AU - Nakada, Ryoichi AU - Marcus, Matthew A AU - Kato, Kenji AU - Tanaka, Kazuya AU - Shimizu, Hiroshi AU - Suzuki, Katsuhikko AU - Ishibashi, Jun-ichiro AU - Kato, Yasuhiro AU - Nozaki, Tatsuo Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 653 EP - 674 PB - Geochemical Society of Japan, Nagoya VL - 49 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7002, 0016-7002 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1861088583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochemical+Journal&rft.atitle=Transfer+of+rare+earth+elements+%28REE%29+from+manganese+oxides+to+phosphates+during+early+diagenesis+in+pelagic+sediments+inferred+from+REE+patterns%2C+X-ray+absorption+spectroscopy%2C+and+chemical+leaching+method&rft.au=Takahashi%2C+Yoshio%3BHayasaka%2C+Yasutaka%3BMorita%2C+Koichi%3BKashiwabara%2C+Teruhiko%3BNakada%2C+Ryoichi%3BMarcus%2C+Matthew+A%3BKato%2C+Kenji%3BTanaka%2C+Kazuya%3BShimizu%2C+Hiroshi%3BSuzuki%2C+Katsuhikko%3BIshibashi%2C+Jun-ichiro%3BKato%2C+Yasuhiro%3BNozaki%2C+Tatsuo&rft.aulast=Takahashi&rft.aufirst=Yoshio&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochemical+Journal&rft.issn=00167002&rft_id=info:doi/10.2343%2Fgeochemj.2.0393 L2 - http://www.terrapub.co.jp/journals/GJ/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. 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N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GEJOBE DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.2.0393 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for reduced carbon-rich regions in the solar nebula from an unusual cometary dust particle AN - 1859788720; 2017-005151 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - De Gregorio, B T AU - Stroud, R M AU - Nittler, L R AU - Kolcoyne, A L D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 EP - Abstract no. 2625 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 46 KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - carbides KW - poorly graphitized carbon KW - stable isotopes KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon KW - Wild 2 Comet KW - oxides KW - alloys KW - spectra KW - chromium KW - Stardust Mission KW - condensation KW - cohenite KW - electron microscopy data KW - TEM data KW - solar nebula KW - comets KW - metals KW - NanoSIMS KW - nanoparticles KW - cometary dust KW - magnetite KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859788720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+reduced+carbon-rich+regions+in+the+solar+nebula+from+an+unusual+cometary+dust+particle&rft.au=De+Gregorio%2C+B+T%3BStroud%2C+R+M%3BNittler%2C+L+R%3BKolcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=De+Gregorio&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/pdf/2625.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on July 6, 2016 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alloys; carbides; carbon; chemical reactions; chromium; cohenite; cometary dust; comets; condensation; electron microscopy data; ion probe data; isotopes; magnetite; mass spectra; metals; nanoparticles; NanoSIMS; oxides; poorly graphitized carbon; solar nebula; spectra; stable isotopes; Stardust Mission; TEM data; Wild 2 Comet ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low temperature (80K) vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation of nitrogen; isotopic fractionations and significance for solar nebular chemistry AN - 1855320185; 2017-002498 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Chakraborty, S AU - Jackson, Teresa L AU - Rude, Bruce AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Thiemens, M H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 EP - Abstract no. 1519 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 46 KW - isotope fractionation KW - ammonium KW - isotopes KW - enrichment KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - absorption KW - electromagnetic radiation KW - vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation KW - experimental studies KW - N-15/N-14 KW - isotope ratios KW - photochemistry KW - cosmochemistry KW - N-15 KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - wavelength KW - solar nebula KW - organic compounds KW - low temperature KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855320185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Low+temperature+%2880K%29+vacuum+ultraviolet+photodissociation+of+nitrogen%3B+isotopic+fractionations+and+significance+for+solar+nebular+chemistry&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+S%3BJackson%2C+Teresa+L%3BRude%2C+Bruce%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid%3BThiemens%2C+M+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/pdf/1519.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Apr. 13, 2016 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; ammonium; aromatic hydrocarbons; cosmochemistry; electromagnetic radiation; enrichment; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; low temperature; N-15; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; organic compounds; photochemistry; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; solar nebula; stable isotopes; temperature; ultraviolet radiation; vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation; wavelength ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical heterogeneity of organic matter in minimally-heated CO chondrites AN - 1855319291; 2017-002424 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - De Gregorio, Bradley T AU - Stroud, R M AU - Davidson, J AU - Nittler, L R AU - Alexander, C M O'D AU - Burgess, K AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 EP - Abstract no. 2951 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 46 KW - stony meteorites KW - XANES spectra KW - CO chondrites KW - meteorites KW - DOM 03238 KW - Dominion Range Meteorites KW - insoluble residues KW - spectra KW - heterogeneity KW - chondrites KW - chemical composition KW - DOM 08006 KW - Miller Range Meteorites KW - MIL 05013 KW - parent bodies KW - electron microscopy data KW - thermal metamorphism KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - metamorphism KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - MIL 090010 KW - organic compounds KW - DOM 10104 KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855319291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Chemical+heterogeneity+of+organic+matter+in+minimally-heated+CO+chondrites&rft.au=De+Gregorio%2C+Bradley+T%3BStroud%2C+R+M%3BDavidson%2C+J%3BNittler%2C+L+R%3BAlexander%2C+C+M+O%27D%3BBurgess%2C+K%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=De+Gregorio&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/pdf/2951.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Mar. 21, 2016 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonaceous chondrites; chemical composition; chondrites; CO chondrites; DOM 03238; DOM 08006; DOM 10104; Dominion Range Meteorites; electron microscopy data; heterogeneity; insoluble residues; metamorphism; meteorites; MIL 05013; MIL 090010; Miller Range Meteorites; organic compounds; parent bodies; spectra; stony meteorites; TEM data; thermal metamorphism; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon isotopic fractionation during low temperature (80K) vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation of carbon monoxide; relevance for the solar nebula AN - 1855319038; 2017-002499 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Chakraborty, S AU - Rude, Bruce AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Thiemens, M H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 EP - Abstract no. 1504 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 46 KW - isotope fractionation KW - dissociation KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - vacuum ultraviolet dissociation KW - electromagnetic radiation KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - O-17/O-16 KW - experimental studies KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - photochemistry KW - cosmochemistry KW - O-18/O-16 KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - solar nebula KW - carbon monoxide KW - photolysis KW - low temperature KW - chemical fractionation KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855319038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Carbon+isotopic+fractionation+during+low+temperature+%2880K%29+vacuum+ultraviolet+photodissociation+of+carbon+monoxide%3B+relevance+for+the+solar+nebula&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+S%3BRude%2C+Bruce%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid%3BThiemens%2C+M+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/pdf/1504.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Apr. 13, 2016 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon monoxide; chemical fractionation; cosmochemistry; dissociation; electromagnetic radiation; experimental studies; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; low temperature; mass spectra; O-17/O-16; O-18/O-16; oxygen; photochemistry; photolysis; solar nebula; spectra; stable isotopes; temperature; ultraviolet radiation; vacuum ultraviolet dissociation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracing aqueous alteration in Murchison using NanoFTIR, SEM, TEM, and STXM AN - 1855318495; 2017-000727 JF - Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society AU - Dominguez, G AU - Gainsforth, Z AU - McCleod, A AU - Kelly, P AU - Bechtel, H A AU - Keilmann, F AU - Thiemens, M AU - Westphal, A AU - Basov, D N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 EP - Abstract no. 5362 PB - Meteoritical Society, [varies] VL - 78 SN - 0735-049X, 0735-049X KW - silicates KW - serpentine KW - stony meteorites KW - Murchison Meteorite KW - infrared spectra KW - meteorites KW - FTIR spectra KW - chrysotile KW - serpentine group KW - alloys KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - phosphorus KW - electron microscopy data KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - phosphides KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - EDS spectra KW - early solar system KW - aqueous alteration KW - sheet silicates KW - CM chondrites KW - SEM data KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855318495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+of+the+Meteoritical+Society&rft.atitle=Tracing+aqueous+alteration+in+Murchison+using+NanoFTIR%2C+SEM%2C+TEM%2C+and+STXM&rft.au=Dominguez%2C+G%3BGainsforth%2C+Z%3BMcCleod%2C+A%3BKelly%2C+P%3BBechtel%2C+H+A%3BKeilmann%2C+F%3BThiemens%2C+M%3BWestphal%2C+A%3BBasov%2C+D+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dominguez&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+of+the+Meteoritical+Society&rft.issn=0735049X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc2015/pdf/5362.pdf http://meteoriticalsociety.org/?page_id=18 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 78th annual meeting of the Meteoritical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Aug. 22, 2016 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alloys; aqueous alteration; carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; chrysotile; CM chondrites; early solar system; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; FTIR spectra; infrared spectra; meteorites; Murchison Meteorite; phosphides; phosphorus; SEM data; serpentine; serpentine group; sheet silicates; silicates; spectra; stony meteorites; TEM data; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Code interoperability in reactive transport modeling; the adaptive mesh refinement example AN - 1832728496; 2016-088873 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Molins, S AU - Day, M AU - Johnson, J AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2167 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - refinement KW - numerical analysis KW - biochemistry KW - data processing KW - solutes KW - coupling KW - simulation KW - models KW - computer programs KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - adaptive mesh refinement KW - interfaces KW - reactive transport KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832728496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Code+interoperability+in+reactive+transport+modeling%3B+the+adaptive+mesh+refinement+example&rft.au=Molins%2C+S%3BDay%2C+M%3BJohnson%2C+J%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2167.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptive mesh refinement; biochemistry; chemical reactions; computer programs; coupling; data processing; geochemistry; interfaces; models; numerical analysis; reactive transport; refinement; simulation; solutes; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Single particle measurements of atmospheric aerosol chemistry; past, present and future AN - 1832728471; 2016-088864 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Moffet, Ryan C AU - O'Brien, Rachel E AU - Pham, Don AU - Knopf, Daniel A AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2158 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - atmosphere KW - climate change KW - measurement KW - laboratory studies KW - aerosols KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - particles KW - instruments KW - image analysis KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832728471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Single+particle+measurements+of+atmospheric+aerosol+chemistry%3B+past%2C+present+and+future&rft.au=Moffet%2C+Ryan+C%3BO%27Brien%2C+Rachel+E%3BPham%2C+Don%3BKnopf%2C+Daniel+A%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moffet&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2158.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; chemical composition; climate change; experimental studies; geochemistry; image analysis; in situ; instruments; laboratory studies; measurement; particles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards quantitative mixing state measurements; the Sacramento case study AN - 1832727838; 2016-088865 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Moffet, Ryan C AU - O'Brien, Rachel E AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Alpert, Peter AU - Riemer, Nicole AU - West, Matthew AU - Zhang, Qi AU - Sun, Yele AU - Yu, Xiaoying AU - Knopf, Daniel A AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2159 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - carbonaceous composition KW - entropy KW - Sacramento County California KW - electron microscopy data KW - X-ray spectra KW - Sacramento California KW - measurement KW - inorganic materials KW - EDS spectra KW - California KW - X-ray data KW - quantitative analysis KW - mixing KW - carbon KW - EXAFS data KW - aerosols KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - particles KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832727838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Towards+quantitative+mixing+state+measurements%3B+the+Sacramento+case+study&rft.au=Moffet%2C+Ryan+C%3BO%27Brien%2C+Rachel+E%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BAlpert%2C+Peter%3BRiemer%2C+Nicole%3BWest%2C+Matthew%3BZhang%2C+Qi%3BSun%2C+Yele%3BYu%2C+Xiaoying%3BKnopf%2C+Daniel+A%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moffet&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2159.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; California; carbon; carbonaceous composition; EDS spectra; electron microscopy data; entropy; EXAFS data; geochemistry; inorganic materials; measurement; mixing; particles; quantitative analysis; Sacramento California; Sacramento County California; SEM data; spectra; United States; X-ray data; X-ray spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms and rates of dolomite dissolution from single-crystal surface microscopic analysis AN - 1832727278; 2016-088947 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Saldi, Giuseppe D AU - Voltolini, Marco AU - Knauss, Kevin G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2741 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - structural analysis KW - mechanism KW - rates KW - solution KW - defects KW - calcite KW - dolomite KW - single-crystal method KW - foliation KW - cleavage KW - carbonates KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832727278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+and+rates+of+dolomite+dissolution+from+single-crystal+surface+microscopic+analysis&rft.au=Saldi%2C+Giuseppe+D%3BVoltolini%2C+Marco%3BKnauss%2C+Kevin+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Saldi&rft.aufirst=Giuseppe&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2741.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calcite; carbonates; cleavage; defects; dolomite; foliation; mechanism; pH; rates; single-crystal method; solution; structural analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modern peridotite alteration in Oman hyperalkaline aquifers and implications for microbial habitability AN - 1832727186; 2016-088840 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Miller, Hannah AU - Matter, J AU - Kelemen, Peter AU - Ellison, E AU - Conrad, M AU - Templeton, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2134 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - calcium KW - isotope fractionation KW - alteration KW - serpentinization KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ecosystems KW - Semail Ophiolite KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - plutonic rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - carbon KW - deuterium KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - alkaline earth metals KW - methane KW - Oman KW - alkanes KW - biota KW - ultramafics KW - gases KW - aquifers KW - Arabian Peninsula KW - organic compounds KW - nucleic acids KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - bacteria KW - peridotites KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - C-13 KW - microorganisms KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832727186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Modern+peridotite+alteration+in+Oman+hyperalkaline+aquifers+and+implications+for+microbial+habitability&rft.au=Miller%2C+Hannah%3BMatter%2C+J%3BKelemen%2C+Peter%3BEllison%2C+E%3BConrad%2C+M%3BTempleton%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Hannah&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2134.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkaline earth metals; alkanes; alteration; aquifers; Arabian Peninsula; Asia; bacteria; biota; C-13; calcium; carbon; deuterium; DNA; ecosystems; gases; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; igneous rocks; iron; isotope fractionation; isotopes; metals; metasomatism; methane; microorganisms; nucleic acids; Oman; organic compounds; peridotites; pH; plutonic rocks; Semail Ophiolite; serpentinization; stable isotopes; temperature; ultramafics; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraining thermal processing of carbon-rich aggregates in xenolithic clasts from Sharps (H3.4) meteorite AN - 1832680062; 768623-62 JF - Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society AU - Kebukawa, Y AU - Zolensky, M E AU - Chan, Q H S AU - Fries, M AU - Steele, A AU - Kilcoyne, A L David AU - Rahman, Z AU - Cody, G D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 EP - Abstract no. 5158 PB - The Society, [United States] VL - 78 SN - 0735-049X, 0735-049X KW - ordinary chondrites KW - aggregate KW - stony meteorites KW - thermal alteration KW - thermal history KW - temperature KW - infrared spectra KW - XANES spectra KW - meteorites KW - FTIR spectra KW - carbon KW - inclusions KW - Sharps Meteorite KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - xenoliths KW - electron microscopy data KW - native elements KW - H chondrites KW - clasts KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - order-disorder KW - graphite KW - Raman spectra KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832680062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+of+the+Meteoritical+Society&rft.atitle=Constraining+thermal+processing+of+carbon-rich+aggregates+in+xenolithic+clasts+from+Sharps+%28H3.4%29+meteorite&rft.au=Kebukawa%2C+Y%3BZolensky%2C+M+E%3BChan%2C+Q+H+S%3BFries%2C+M%3BSteele%2C+A%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+David%3BRahman%2C+Z%3BCody%2C+G+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kebukawa&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+of+the+Meteoritical+Society&rft.issn=0735049X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc2015/pdf/5158.pdf http://meteoriticalsociety.org/?page_id=18 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 78th annual meeting of the Meteoritical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 12, 2016 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aggregate; carbon; chondrites; clasts; electron microscopy data; FTIR spectra; graphite; H chondrites; inclusions; infrared spectra; meteorites; native elements; order-disorder; ordinary chondrites; Raman spectra; Sharps Meteorite; spectra; stony meteorites; TEM data; temperature; thermal alteration; thermal history; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra; xenoliths ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the environmental hazard of using seawater for ore processing at the Lasail Mine site in the Sultanate of Oman AN - 1832614488; 759898-5 JF - Mine Water and the Environment AU - Wanner, Philipp AU - Al-Sulaimani, Mohammed Yasser Nasser AU - Waber, Niklaus AU - Wanner, Christoph Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 59 EP - 74 PB - Springer, Berlin - Heidelberg VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 1025-9112, 1025-9112 KW - protection KW - preprocessing KW - acid mine drainage KW - Oman KW - pollution KW - salinity KW - mineral economics KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - provenance KW - Arabian Peninsula KW - metal ores KW - environmental geology KW - risk assessment KW - Asia KW - 26B:Economic geology, general, economics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832614488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mine+Water+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+environmental+hazard+of+using+seawater+for+ore+processing+at+the+Lasail+Mine+site+in+the+Sultanate+of+Oman&rft.au=Wanner%2C+Philipp%3BAl-Sulaimani%2C+Mohammed+Yasser+Nasser%3BWaber%2C+Niklaus%3BWanner%2C+Christoph&rft.aulast=Wanner&rft.aufirst=Philipp&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mine+Water+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=10259112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10230-014-0281-9 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(s0snhz45irimnrbsx0l4nm55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:108774,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Arabian Peninsula; Asia; case studies; environmental geology; ground water; metal ores; mineral economics; Oman; pollution; preprocessing; protection; provenance; risk assessment; salinity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10230-014-0281-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workshop to develop deep-life continental scientific drilling projects AN - 1832587379; 758600-7 AB - The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) has long espoused studies of deep subsurface life, and has targeted fundamental questions regarding subsurface life, including the following: "(1) What is the extent and diversity of deep microbial life and what are the factors limiting it? (2) What are the types of metabolism/carbon/energy sources and the rates of subsurface activity? (3) How is deep microbial life adapted to subsurface conditions? (4) How do subsurface microbial communities affect energy resources? And (5) how does the deep biosphere interact with the geosphere and atmosphere?" (Horsfield et al., 2014) Many ICDP-sponsored drilling projects have included a deep-life component; however, to date, not one project has been driven by deep-life goals, in part because geomicrobiologists have been slow to initiate deep biosphere-driven ICDP projects. Therefore, the Deep Carbon Observatory (DCO) recently partnered with the ICDP to sponsor a workshop with the specific aim of gathering potential proponents for deep-life-driven ICDP projects and ideas for candidate drilling sites. Twenty-two participants from nine countries proposed projects and sites that included compressional and extensional tectonic environments, evaporites, hydrocarbon-rich shales, flood basalts, Precambrian shield rocks, subglacial and subpermafrost environments, active volcano-tectonic systems, megafan deltas, and serpentinizing ultramafic environments. The criteria and requirements for successful ICDP applications were presented. Deep-life-specific technical requirements were discussed and it was concluded that, while these procedures require adequate planning, they are entirely compatible with the sampling needs of other disciplines. As a result of this workshop, one drilling workshop proposal on the Basin and Range Physiographic Province (BRPP) has been submitted to the ICDP, and several other drilling project proponents plan to submit proposals for ICDP-sponsored drilling workshops in 2016. JF - Scientific Drilling AU - Kieft, T L AU - Onstott, T C AU - Ahonen, L AU - Aloisi, V AU - Colwell, F S AU - Engelen, B AU - Fendrihan, S AU - Gaidos, E AU - Harms, U AU - Head, I AU - Kallmeyer, J AU - Reese, B Kiel AU - Lin, L H AU - Long, P E AU - Moser, D P AU - Mills, H AU - Sar, P AU - Schulze-Makuch, D AU - Stan-Lotter, H AU - Wagner, D AU - Wang, P L AU - Westall, F AU - Wilkins, M J Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 43 EP - 53 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Gottingen VL - 19 SN - 1816-8957, 1816-8957 KW - programs KW - Archaea KW - geomicrobiology KW - global KW - international cooperation KW - current research KW - biota KW - planning KW - International Continental Scientific Drilling Program KW - deep drilling KW - biosphere KW - bacteria KW - drilling KW - International Ocean Discovery Program KW - microorganisms KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832587379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+Drilling&rft.atitle=Workshop+to+develop+deep-life+continental+scientific+drilling+projects&rft.au=Kieft%2C+T+L%3BOnstott%2C+T+C%3BAhonen%2C+L%3BAloisi%2C+V%3BColwell%2C+F+S%3BEngelen%2C+B%3BFendrihan%2C+S%3BGaidos%2C+E%3BHarms%2C+U%3BHead%2C+I%3BKallmeyer%2C+J%3BReese%2C+B+Kiel%3BLin%2C+L+H%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BMoser%2C+D+P%3BMills%2C+H%3BSar%2C+P%3BSchulze-Makuch%2C+D%3BStan-Lotter%2C+H%3BWagner%2C+D%3BWang%2C+P+L%3BWestall%2C+F%3BWilkins%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Kieft&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+Drilling&rft.issn=18168957&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sci-dril.net/19/43/2015/sd-19-43-2015.pdf http://www.scientific-drilling.net/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Archaea; bacteria; biosphere; biota; current research; deep drilling; drilling; geomicrobiology; global; International Continental Scientific Drilling Program; international cooperation; International Ocean Discovery Program; microorganisms; planning; programs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physicochemical controls on the photoreduction of delta -MnO (sub 2) AN - 1819895993; 2016-079785 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Marafatto, Francesco F AU - Schwartzberg, A AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Pena, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2001 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - biochemistry KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - photochemistry KW - photoreduction KW - manganese KW - geochemical cycle KW - controls KW - reactivity KW - biogenic processes KW - birnessite KW - metals KW - carbon KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - trace metals KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - aquatic environment KW - pH KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819895993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Physicochemical+controls+on+the+photoreduction+of+delta+-MnO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Marafatto%2C+Francesco+F%3BSchwartzberg%2C+A%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BPena%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Marafatto&rft.aufirst=Francesco&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2001&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2001.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; biochemistry; biogenic processes; birnessite; carbon; controls; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; manganese; manganese oxides; metals; oxidation; oxides; pH; photochemistry; photoreduction; physicochemical properties; reactivity; reduction; trace metals; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using time-lapse VSP data to constrain velocity-saturation relations AN - 1819893090; 2016-080528 JF - ASEG Extended Abstracts AU - Al Hosni, Mohammed AU - Caspari, Eva AU - Pevzner, Roman AU - Daley, Thomas M AU - Gurevich, Boris AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 4 PB - CSIRO Publishing for the Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Collingwood, Victoria VL - 2015 IS - 1 KW - seismic profiles KW - monitoring KW - carbon sequestration KW - elastic properties KW - geophysical methods KW - sandstone KW - mechanical properties KW - mathematical models KW - porosity KW - seismic methods KW - carbon dioxide KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - fluid injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - saturation KW - time-lapse methods KW - reservoir properties KW - geophysical profiles KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1819893090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASEG+Extended+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Using+time-lapse+VSP+data+to+constrain+velocity-saturation+relations&rft.au=Al+Hosni%2C+Mohammed%3BCaspari%2C+Eva%3BPevzner%2C+Roman%3BDaley%2C+Thomas+M%3BGurevich%2C+Boris%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Al+Hosni&rft.aufirst=Mohammed&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=2015&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASEG+Extended+Abstracts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FASEG2015ab153 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - ASEG-PESA 2015; 24th international geophysical conference and exhibition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Produced under license from the Commonwealth of Australia as represented by Geoscience Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - Victoria N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Summary also published in Preview, Vol. 174, Feb. 2015 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - CODEN - #07605 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; clastic rocks; elastic properties; fluid injection; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; mathematical models; mechanical properties; monitoring; permeability; porosity; reservoir properties; sandstone; saturation; sedimentary rocks; seismic methods; seismic profiles; time-lapse methods; vertical seismic profiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ASEG2015ab153 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination and quantification of arsenic sorption characteristics in the Pleistocene aquifer of Hanoi, Vietnam AN - 1815672386; 2016-075227 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Rathi, Bhasker AU - Neidhardt, Harald AU - Berg, Michael AU - Davis, James A AU - Prommer, Henning AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2591 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - sorption KW - Far East KW - complexing KW - pumping KW - calibration KW - Vietnam KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - quantitative analysis KW - movement KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - water supply KW - Quaternary KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - Hanoi Vietnam KW - aquifers KW - models KW - metals KW - Pleistocene KW - anaerobic environment KW - particles KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815672386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Determination+and+quantification+of+arsenic+sorption+characteristics+in+the+Pleistocene+aquifer+of+Hanoi%2C+Vietnam&rft.au=Rathi%2C+Bhasker%3BNeidhardt%2C+Harald%3BBerg%2C+Michael%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BPrommer%2C+Henning%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rathi&rft.aufirst=Bhasker&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2591.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aquifers; arsenic; Asia; calibration; Cenozoic; complexing; Far East; ground water; Hanoi Vietnam; metals; models; movement; optimization; particles; Pleistocene; pollution; pumping; quantitative analysis; Quaternary; sorption; Vietnam; water pollution; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elemental analysis of basalt samples by multivariate analysis of tandem LIBS and LA-ICP-MS data AN - 1803778847; 2016-062063 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gonzalez, Jhanis J AU - Sylvester, Paul AU - Souders, Kate AU - Quarles, C Derrick AU - Colucci, Michael AU - Russo, Richard E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1072 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - inductively coupled plasma methods KW - volcanic rocks KW - minor elements KW - laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy KW - laser methods KW - glasses KW - igneous rocks KW - matrix KW - statistical analysis KW - laser ablation KW - mass spectroscopy KW - least-squares analysis KW - emission spectroscopy KW - volcanic glass KW - major elements KW - quantitative analysis KW - multivariate analysis KW - basalts KW - spectroscopy KW - regression analysis KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803778847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Elemental+analysis+of+basalt+samples+by+multivariate+analysis+of+tandem+LIBS+and+LA-ICP-MS+data&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+Jhanis+J%3BSylvester%2C+Paul%3BSouders%2C+Kate%3BQuarles%2C+C+Derrick%3BColucci%2C+Michael%3BRusso%2C+Richard+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Jhanis&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1072&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1072.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; emission spectroscopy; glasses; igneous rocks; inductively coupled plasma methods; laser ablation; laser methods; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; least-squares analysis; major elements; mass spectroscopy; matrix; minor elements; multivariate analysis; quantitative analysis; regression analysis; spectroscopy; statistical analysis; volcanic glass; volcanic rocks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atmospheric particles; viscosity, phase, and response to relative humidity AN - 1803775490; 2016-062035 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Harder, Tristan H AU - Farland, David AU - Vezina, Natalie AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1044 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - water vapor KW - XANES spectra KW - laboratory studies KW - carbon KW - X-ray analysis KW - framework silicates KW - spectra KW - liquid phase KW - experimental studies KW - gaseous phase KW - atmosphere KW - X-ray spectra KW - solid phase KW - crystals KW - organic compounds KW - humidity KW - viscosity KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - quartz KW - aerosols KW - spectroscopy KW - scanning electron microscopy KW - particles KW - field studies KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803775490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Atmospheric+particles%3B+viscosity%2C+phase%2C+and+response+to+relative+humidity&rft.au=Gilles%2C+Mary+K%3BHarder%2C+Tristan+H%3BFarland%2C+David%3BVezina%2C+Natalie%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gilles&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1044&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1044.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmosphere; carbon; crystals; experimental studies; field studies; framework silicates; gaseous phase; humidity; laboratory studies; liquid phase; organic compounds; particles; quartz; scanning electron microscopy; silica minerals; silicates; solid phase; spectra; spectroscopy; viscosity; water vapor; X-ray analysis; X-ray spectra; X-ray spectroscopy; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemistry of tungsten and release mechanisms within natural environments; a study in Fallon, Nevada AN - 1803772873; 2016-062177 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Harrington, Jacob AU - Hobson, C AU - Mohajerin, J AU - Johannesson, K AU - Datta, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1186 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Churchill County Nevada KW - lakes KW - manganese KW - drinking water KW - iron KW - tungsten KW - molybdenum KW - sediments KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Nevada KW - soils KW - anions KW - Soda Lake KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - Fallon Nevada KW - evaporation KW - metals KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1803772873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Biogeochemistry+of+tungsten+and+release+mechanisms+within+natural+environments%3B+a+study+in+Fallon%2C+Nevada&rft.au=Harrington%2C+Jacob%3BHobson%2C+C%3BMohajerin%2C+J%3BJohannesson%2C+K%3BDatta%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Harrington&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1186.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; anions; biochemistry; Churchill County Nevada; drinking water; evaporation; Fallon Nevada; geochemistry; iron; lakes; manganese; metals; molybdenum; Nevada; oxidation; pH; pollutants; pollution; sediments; Soda Lake; soils; surface water; tungsten; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photoreduction of delta -MnO (sub 2) nanosheets AN - 1800395742; 2016-055121 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Pena, Jasquelin AU - Marafatto, Francesco Femi AU - Strader, Matthew AU - Gonzalez-Holguera, Julia AU - Scwartzberg, Adam AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2449 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - photochemistry KW - aqueous solutions KW - manganese KW - measurement KW - geochemical cycle KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - carbon KW - manganese oxides KW - oxides KW - carbon cycle KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800395742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Photoreduction+of+delta+-MnO+%28sub+2%29+nanosheets&rft.au=Pena%2C+Jasquelin%3BMarafatto%2C+Francesco+Femi%3BStrader%2C+Matthew%3BGonzalez-Holguera%2C+Julia%3BScwartzberg%2C+Adam%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pena&rft.aufirst=Jasquelin&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2449.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; carbon; carbon cycle; experimental studies; geochemical cycle; laboratory studies; manganese; manganese oxides; measurement; metals; oxidation; oxides; photochemistry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis triggered the rise of oxygen AN - 1800395270; 2016-057305 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Ward, Lewis M AU - Hemp, James AU - Shih, Patrick M AU - Kirschvink, Joseph L AU - Fischer, Woodward W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3358 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - cyanobacteria KW - photosynthesis KW - upper Precambrian KW - Precambrian KW - oxygen KW - biochemistry KW - photochemistry KW - Proterozoic KW - effects KW - climate change KW - models KW - paleoenvironment KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800395270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+oxygenic+photosynthesis+triggered+the+rise+of+oxygen&rft.au=Ward%2C+Lewis+M%3BHemp%2C+James%3BShih%2C+Patrick+M%3BKirschvink%2C+Joseph+L%3BFischer%2C+Woodward+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Lewis&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3358&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3358.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; climate change; cyanobacteria; effects; models; oxygen; paleoenvironment; photochemistry; photosynthesis; Precambrian; Proterozoic; upper Precambrian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Silicate sorption on Fe oxyhydroxides; reactive sites and complexation topology AN - 1800395167; 2016-057317 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Waychunas, Glenn AU - Kanematsu, Masa AU - Boily, Jean-Francois AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3370 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - oxyhydroxides KW - complexing KW - solutes KW - polymerization KW - ferrihydrite KW - infrared spectra KW - hydroxides KW - FTIR spectra KW - chemical reactions KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800395167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Silicate+sorption+on+Fe+oxyhydroxides%3B+reactive+sites+and+complexation+topology&rft.au=Waychunas%2C+Glenn%3BKanematsu%2C+Masa%3BBoily%2C+Jean-Francois%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Waychunas&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3370&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3370.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; complexing; ferrihydrite; FTIR spectra; geochemistry; hydroxides; infrared spectra; oxides; oxyhydroxides; polymerization; silicates; solutes; sorption; spectra; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abiotic hydrocarbon synthesis using a hydrothermal flow reactor; implications of the C1/C2 ratio AN - 1800394096; 2016-055138 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Pester, Nicholas J AU - Seyfried, William E, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2466 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - organic compounds KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - catalysis KW - hydrocarbons KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - mechanism KW - alkanes KW - chemical composition KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800394096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Abiotic+hydrocarbon+synthesis+using+a+hydrothermal+flow+reactor%3B+implications+of+the+C1%2FC2+ratio&rft.au=Pester%2C+Nicholas+J%3BSeyfried%2C+William+E%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pester&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2466.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon dioxide; catalysis; chemical composition; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; mechanism; methane; organic compounds; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon transformations in the rhizosphere; the critical role of microbial functional capacity AN - 1800394088; 2016-055149 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Pett-Ridge, Jennifer AU - Shi, Shengjing AU - Nuccio, Erin AU - Herman, Donald J AU - He, Zhili AU - Wu, Liyou AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Firestone, Mary K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2477 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Avena fatua KW - ion probe data KW - matrix KW - mass spectra KW - rhizosphere KW - geochemical cycle KW - grasses KW - California KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - carbon cycle KW - microorganisms KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800394088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Carbon+transformations+in+the+rhizosphere%3B+the+critical+role+of+microbial+functional+capacity&rft.au=Pett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer%3BShi%2C+Shengjing%3BNuccio%2C+Erin%3BHerman%2C+Donald+J%3BHe%2C+Zhili%3BWu%2C+Liyou%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BFirestone%2C+Mary+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pett-Ridge&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2477.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Avena fatua; California; carbon; carbon cycle; geochemical cycle; grasses; ion probe data; mass spectra; matrix; microorganisms; organic compounds; rhizosphere; soils; spectra; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Noninvasive characterization of biogeochemical hotspots using induced polarization imaging AN - 1800392977; 2016-057250 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Wainwright, H M AU - Flores-Orozco, A AU - Buecker, M AU - Dafflon, B AU - Chen, J AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Williams, K H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3303 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - well-logging KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - resistivity KW - information management KW - data management KW - Rifle Colorado KW - induced polarization KW - Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - microorganisms KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800392977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Noninvasive+characterization+of+biogeochemical+hotspots+using+induced+polarization+imaging&rft.au=Wainwright%2C+H+M%3BFlores-Orozco%2C+A%3BBuecker%2C+M%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BChen%2C+J%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3303.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; Colorado; data management; electrical methods; Garfield County Colorado; geochemistry; geophysical methods; induced polarization; information management; microorganisms; pollutants; pollution; resistivity; Rifle Colorado; United States; well-logging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron-mediated oxidation of 2-methoxyhydroquinone under acidic conditions; kinetic and mechanistic insights AN - 1797535324; 2016-052838 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Yuan, Xiu AU - Davis, James A AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3550 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - mechanism KW - bioavailability KW - iron KW - models KW - ferric iron KW - reactivity KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - 2-methoxyhydroquinone KW - metals KW - acidic composition KW - thermodynamic properties KW - quinones KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - aquatic environment KW - pH KW - Eh KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797535324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Iron-mediated+oxidation+of+2-methoxyhydroquinone+under+acidic+conditions%3B+kinetic+and+mechanistic+insights&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Xiu%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yuan&rft.aufirst=Xiu&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3550&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3550.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2-methoxyhydroquinone; acidic composition; aquatic environment; bioavailability; biochemistry; chemical reactions; Eh; ferric iron; geochemistry; iron; kinetics; mechanism; metals; models; organic compounds; oxidation; pH; quinones; reactivity; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-range dynamical correlations restrict water transport in smectite interlayers AN - 1797535282; 2016-052853 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Zarzycki, Piotr AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3565 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - water KW - silicates KW - mineral interlayer KW - diffusion KW - smectite KW - layered materials KW - clay minerals KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sheet silicates KW - molecular dynamics KW - mobility KW - geochemistry KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797535282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Long-range+dynamical+correlations+restrict+water+transport+in+smectite+interlayers&rft.au=Zarzycki%2C+Piotr%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zarzycki&rft.aufirst=Piotr&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3565.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; clay minerals; diffusion; geochemistry; layered materials; mineral interlayer; mobility; molecular dynamics; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; transport; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using gravity and magnetics to delineate structural controls on geothermal fluids, northern Cache Valley, Idaho AN - 1797535043; 2016-050663 AB - The Northern Cache Valley (NCV) of southeastern Idaho is a north-south trending Basin and Range graben that is receiving renewed interest for its geothermal potential. Several geophysical and hydrological studies of the NCV occurred during the 1970's motivated by the presence of thermal wells and springs in the area, culminating with geothermal exploration wells drilled by Sunedco Energy Development. The test borehole temperatures were deemed too low for power production using technology available at that time (test hole temperatures <120 degrees C). In January of 2014, a water well drilled to 79 meters, encountered Na-Cl-HCO (sub 3) water with a measured bottom hole temperature of 104 degrees C. Traditional magnesium corrected Na-K-Ca geothermometry of water from that well estimated the temperature of the thermal reservoir to be 204 degrees C. Inspired by this revived interest, new studies utilizing updated geochemical and geophysical techniques are currently under way. Present understanding of the NCV geothermal system suggests that fluid flow is associated with a fault(s) adjacent to Little Mountain - a small secondary horst complex within the primary Cache Valley graben. The existing data from the area is relatively sparse and is not suitable for pinpointing the location of faults thought to carry thermal water from depth to the near surface. To accurately characterize the plumbing of the geothermal system, lines of closely spaced potential field (gravity and magnetic) measurements were performed across the suspected location of the Little Mountain bounding faults. Analysis of these data in conjunction with existing hydrogeologic and geochemistry data will aid in determining fault locations carrying thermal fluid to shallow depths. Future work proposed to better characterize the geothermal system includes thermal imaging, utilizing an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), to detect elevated ground surface temperatures thought to exist based on preferential snow melt in the area. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Worthing, Wade AU - Wood, Thomas R AU - Glen, Jonathan AU - McLing, Travis L AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Ritzinger, Brent AU - Cannon, Cody AU - Neupane, Ghanashyam AU - Thorne, Michael S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 825 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797535043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Using+gravity+and+magnetics+to+delineate+structural+controls+on+geothermal+fluids%2C+northern+Cache+Valley%2C+Idaho&rft.au=Worthing%2C+Wade%3BWood%2C+Thomas+R%3BGlen%2C+Jonathan%3BMcLing%2C+Travis+L%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BRitzinger%2C+Brent%3BCannon%2C+Cody%3BNeupane%2C+Ghanashyam%3BThorne%2C+Michael+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Worthing&rft.aufirst=Wade&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=825&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical-isotopic systematics, geothermometry, and THMC models of the Newberry Volcano enhanced geothermal system AN - 1797534150; 2016-050167 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Cladouhos, Trenton AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Christensen, John N AU - Smith, J Torquil AU - Spycher, Nicolas F AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Yang, Li AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2953 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - geologic thermometry KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - Oregon KW - fractures KW - fluid injection KW - mineral composition KW - geothermal systems KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - Newberry Volcano KW - TOUGHREACT KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - gaseous phase KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - Cascade Range KW - Deschutes County Oregon KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797534150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Geochemical-isotopic+systematics%2C+geothermometry%2C+and+THMC+models+of+the+Newberry+Volcano+enhanced+geothermal+system&rft.au=Sonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BCladouhos%2C+Trenton%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BSmith%2C+J+Torquil%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas+F%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BYang%2C+Li%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sonnenthal&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2953&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2953.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cascade Range; chemical reactions; Deschutes County Oregon; fluid injection; fractures; gaseous phase; geochemistry; geologic thermometry; geothermal energy; geothermal systems; ground water; hydrochemistry; igneous rocks; isotopes; mineral composition; models; Newberry Volcano; Oregon; permeability; simulation; temperature; thermodynamic properties; TOUGHREACT; United States; volcanic rocks; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple scale (and multi-scale) reactive transport modeling of terrestrial systems AN - 1797532241; 2016-050192 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Trebotich, D AU - Molins, S AU - Maxwell, R AU - Beisman, J AU - Moulton, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2978 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - scale factor KW - hydrology KW - high-resolution methods KW - Brinkman formulations KW - terrestrial environment KW - Darcy's law KW - biochemistry KW - surface water KW - data processing KW - watersheds KW - fluid flow KW - ecosystems KW - porosity KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - computer programs KW - physical properties KW - transport KW - Navier-Stokes equations KW - microscope methods KW - drainage basins KW - reactive transport KW - spectroscopy KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Multiple+scale+%28and+multi-scale%29+reactive+transport+modeling+of+terrestrial+systems&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl+I%3BTrebotich%2C+D%3BMolins%2C+S%3BMaxwell%2C+R%3BBeisman%2C+J%3BMoulton%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2978&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2978.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; Brinkman formulations; computer programs; Darcy's law; data processing; drainage basins; ecosystems; fluid flow; geochemical cycle; high-resolution methods; hydrology; microscope methods; models; Navier-Stokes equations; physical properties; porosity; reactive transport; scale factor; spectroscopy; surface water; terrestrial environment; transport; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracking the genomic signatures and metabolic interactions within single methane-oxidizing archaeal-bacterial consortia AN - 1797532150; 2016-050070 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Orphan, Victoria J AU - Hatzenpichler, Roland AU - Chadwick, Grayson AU - Skennerton, Connor AU - Yu, Hank AU - Scheller, Silvan AU - McGlynn, Shawn AU - Goudeau, Danielle AU - Malstrom, Rex AU - Woyke, Tanja AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2356 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - gas seeps KW - methane KW - Archaea KW - isotopes KW - metabolism KW - oxidation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - genome KW - stable isotopes KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Tracking+the+genomic+signatures+and+metabolic+interactions+within+single+methane-oxidizing+archaeal-bacterial+consortia&rft.au=Orphan%2C+Victoria+J%3BHatzenpichler%2C+Roland%3BChadwick%2C+Grayson%3BSkennerton%2C+Connor%3BYu%2C+Hank%3BScheller%2C+Silvan%3BMcGlynn%2C+Shawn%3BGoudeau%2C+Danielle%3BMalstrom%2C+Rex%3BWoyke%2C+Tanja%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Orphan&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2356&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2356.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Archaea; bacteria; gas seeps; genome; hydrocarbons; isotopes; metabolism; methane; organic compounds; oxidation; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and impact of organic-rich sediments on uranium behavior in the Rifle Aquifer, CO AN - 1797532068; 2016-049933 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Janot, Noemie AU - Pacheco, Juan S Lezama AU - Pham, Don Q AU - O'Brien, Tim M AU - Hausladen, Debra AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Long, Philip E AU - Fendorf, Scott AU - Bargar, John R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1419 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Colorado River basin KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - behavior KW - characterization KW - cores KW - variations KW - ground water KW - XANES spectra KW - Rifle Colorado KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - organic carbon KW - water pollution KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - X-ray spectra KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797532068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+impact+of+organic-rich+sediments+on+uranium+behavior+in+the+Rifle+Aquifer%2C+CO&rft.au=Janot%2C+Noemie%3BPacheco%2C+Juan+S+Lezama%3BPham%2C+Don+Q%3BO%27Brien%2C+Tim+M%3BHausladen%2C+Debra%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BFendorf%2C+Scott%3BBargar%2C+John+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Janot&rft.aufirst=Noemie&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1419.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; aquifers; behavior; biochemistry; carbon; characterization; chemical reactions; Colorado; Colorado River basin; cores; Garfield County Colorado; geochemical cycle; ground water; metals; organic carbon; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; reduction; Rifle Colorado; sediments; spectra; United States; uranium; variations; water pollution; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the DR-A in-situ diffusion experiment (Opalinus Clay); ionic strength effects on solute transport AN - 1797528970; 2016-050157 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Soler, J M AU - Steefel, C I AU - Leupin, O X AU - Gimmi, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2943 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - solute transport KW - calcium KW - Mont Terri Underground Rock Laboratory KW - magnesium KW - desorption KW - isotopes KW - engineering properties KW - halogens KW - Saint-Ursanne Switzerland KW - Europe KW - tritium KW - salinity KW - Switzerland KW - iodine KW - reactivity KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Opalinus Clay KW - cesium KW - transport KW - Central Europe KW - tracers KW - synthetic materials KW - anions KW - alkaline earth metals KW - diffusion KW - Jurassic KW - alkali metals KW - bromine KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - models KW - boreholes KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - underground installations KW - cations KW - strontium KW - pore water KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1797528970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+DR-A+in-situ+diffusion+experiment+%28Opalinus+Clay%29%3B+ionic+strength+effects+on+solute+transport&rft.au=Soler%2C+J+M%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BLeupin%2C+O+X%3BGimmi%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Soler&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2943.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; anions; boreholes; bromine; calcium; cations; Central Europe; cesium; desorption; diffusion; engineering properties; Europe; halogens; hydrogen; iodine; isotopes; Jurassic; magnesium; Mesozoic; metals; models; Mont Terri Underground Rock Laboratory; Opalinus Clay; pore water; porosity; radioactive isotopes; reactivity; Saint-Ursanne Switzerland; salinity; solute transport; strontium; Switzerland; synthetic materials; tracers; transport; tritium; underground installations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sinks to sources; soil carbon dynamics with warming in elevated CO (sub 2) experiments AN - 1793205095; 2016-048655 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hopkins, Francesca M AU - Trumbore, Susan E AU - Pendall, Elise AU - Torn, Margaret S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1308 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - soils KW - North America KW - Free Air CO2 Enrichment KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - global change KW - stable isotopes KW - FACE KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - substrates KW - carbon KW - global warming KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793205095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Sinks+to+sources%3B+soil+carbon+dynamics+with+warming+in+elevated+CO+%28sub+2%29+experiments&rft.au=Hopkins%2C+Francesca+M%3BTrumbore%2C+Susan+E%3BPendall%2C+Elise%3BTorn%2C+Margaret+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hopkins&rft.aufirst=Francesca&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1308.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; climate change; experimental studies; FACE; Free Air CO2 Enrichment; global change; global warming; isotope ratios; isotopes; North America; soils; stable isotopes; substrates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nucleation of metastable aragonite CaCO3 in seawater AN - 1793203168; 2016-046129 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Sun, Wenhao AU - Jayaraman, Saivenkataraman AU - Chen, Wei AU - Persson, Kristin A AU - Ceder, Gerbrand AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 3032 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - sea water KW - aragonite KW - ab initio KW - solubility KW - solution KW - equilibrium KW - Mg/Ca KW - calcite KW - polymorphism KW - nucleation KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - crystallization KW - calcium carbonate KW - magnesian calcite KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1793203168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Nucleation+of+metastable+aragonite+CaCO3+in+seawater&rft.au=Sun%2C+Wenhao%3BJayaraman%2C+Saivenkataraman%3BChen%2C+Wei%3BPersson%2C+Kristin+A%3BCeder%2C+Gerbrand%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Wenhao&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3032&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/3032.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt conference 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ab initio; alkaline earth metals; aragonite; calcite; calcium; calcium carbonate; carbonates; crystallization; equilibrium; geochemistry; magnesian calcite; magnesium; marine environment; metals; Mg/Ca; nucleation; polymorphism; sea water; solubility; solution; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical imaging of atmospheric particles AN - 1789754587; 2016-040039 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Laskin, Julia AU - Nizkorodov, Sergey A AU - Moffet, Ryan C AU - Knopf, Daniel A AU - Gilles, Mary K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1775 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - experimental studies KW - chemical reactions KW - atmosphere KW - geochemistry KW - particles KW - environmental effects KW - inorganic materials KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789754587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Chemical+imaging+of+atmospheric+particles&rft.au=Laskin%2C+Alexander%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BLaskin%2C+Julia%3BNizkorodov%2C+Sergey+A%3BMoffet%2C+Ryan+C%3BKnopf%2C+Daniel+A%3BGilles%2C+Mary+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Laskin&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1775&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1775.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; chemical reactions; environmental effects; experimental studies; geochemistry; inorganic materials; laboratory studies; organic compounds; particles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ab initio atomistic thermodynamics of water vapor-pyrophyllite (010) surface AN - 1789753769; 2016-039999 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Kwon, K D AU - Newton, A AU - Refson, K AU - Sposito, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1735 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - pyrophyllite KW - metals KW - surface defects KW - sheet silicates KW - free energy KW - crystal structure KW - thermodynamic properties KW - temperature KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789753769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Ab+initio+atomistic+thermodynamics+of+water+vapor-pyrophyllite+%28010%29+surface&rft.au=Kwon%2C+K+D%3BNewton%2C+A%3BRefson%2C+K%3BSposito%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kwon&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1735&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1735.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crystal structure; free energy; metals; pyrophyllite; sheet silicates; silicates; sorption; surface defects; temperature; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional importance of organic-rich sediments to uranium mobility in the upper Colorado River basin AN - 1789751880; 2016-042075 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Noel, V AU - Bargar, J R AU - Boye, K AU - Cardarelli, E AU - Bone, S E AU - Lezama-Pacheco, J S AU - Williams, K AU - Dam, B AU - Bush, R AU - Dayvault, J AU - Linard, J AU - Kautsky, M AU - Johnson, R AU - Goodknight, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2284 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Colorado River basin KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - floodplains KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - Rifle Colorado KW - organic compounds KW - total organic carbon KW - metals KW - sediments KW - fluvial features KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - uranium KW - spectra KW - Colorado KW - water pollution KW - actinides KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789751880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Regional+importance+of+organic-rich+sediments+to+uranium+mobility+in+the+upper+Colorado+River+basin&rft.au=Noel%2C+V%3BBargar%2C+J+R%3BBoye%2C+K%3BCardarelli%2C+E%3BBone%2C+S+E%3BLezama-Pacheco%2C+J+S%3BWilliams%2C+K%3BDam%2C+B%3BBush%2C+R%3BDayvault%2C+J%3BLinard%2C+J%3BKautsky%2C+M%3BJohnson%2C+R%3BGoodknight%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Noel&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2284&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2284.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Colorado; Colorado River basin; contaminant plumes; floodplains; fluvial features; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; metals; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; pore water; Rifle Colorado; sediments; spectra; total organic carbon; United States; uranium; water pollution; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy of organic molecules on magnetite (Fe (sub 3) O (sub 4) ) nanoparticles AN - 1789751496; 2016-043853 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Lee, Namhey AU - Shuck, P James AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1807 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - anions KW - crystal structure KW - bonding KW - adsorption KW - geometry KW - substrates KW - organic compounds KW - Raman spectra KW - chemical reactions KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - nanoparticles KW - magnetite KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789751496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Surface+enhanced+Raman+spectroscopy+of+organic+molecules+on+magnetite+%28Fe+%28sub+3%29+O+%28sub+4%29+%29+nanoparticles&rft.au=Lee%2C+Namhey%3BShuck%2C+P+James%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Namhey&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1807.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; anions; bonding; chemical reactions; crystal structure; geometry; magnetite; nanoparticles; organic compounds; oxides; Raman spectra; spectra; substrates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable association? The influence of mineralogy, microbiology and plant growth on the fate of soil carbon AN - 1789748257; 2016-042051 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Neurath, Rachel AU - Whitman, Thea AU - Nico, Peter AU - Pett-Ridge, Jennifer AU - Firestone, Mary AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2260 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - soils KW - silicates KW - Plantae KW - isotopes KW - geomicrobiology KW - kaolinite KW - ferrihydrite KW - stable isotopes KW - NMR spectra KW - infrared spectra KW - clay minerals KW - carbon dioxide KW - FTIR spectra KW - organic compounds KW - nucleic acids KW - carbon KW - DNA KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - C-13 KW - spectra KW - growth KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789748257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Stable+association%3F+The+influence+of+mineralogy%2C+microbiology+and+plant+growth+on+the+fate+of+soil+carbon&rft.au=Neurath%2C+Rachel%3BWhitman%2C+Thea%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BPett-Ridge%2C+Jennifer%3BFirestone%2C+Mary%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Neurath&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2260.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13; carbon; carbon dioxide; clay minerals; DNA; ferrihydrite; FTIR spectra; geomicrobiology; growth; infrared spectra; isotopes; kaolinite; NMR spectra; nucleic acids; organic compounds; oxides; Plantae; sheet silicates; silicates; soils; spectra; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification and description of As species in aquifer solids with mu XAS AN - 1789748180; 2016-042062 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Nicholas, S L AU - Gowan, A S AU - Knaeble, A R AU - Marcus, M A AU - Woodruff, L G AU - Erickson, M L AU - Lynch, J K AU - Toner, B M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 2271 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - western Minnesota KW - Cretaceous KW - drinking water KW - iron KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - XANES spectra KW - quantitative analysis KW - valency KW - spectra KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - bedrock KW - Minnesota KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - X-ray spectra KW - Mesozoic KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - anaerobic environment KW - water wells KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1789748180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Quantification+and+description+of+As+species+in+aquifer+solids+with+mu+XAS&rft.au=Nicholas%2C+S+L%3BGowan%2C+A+S%3BKnaeble%2C+A+R%3BMarcus%2C+M+A%3BWoodruff%2C+L+G%3BErickson%2C+M+L%3BLynch%2C+J+K%3BToner%2C+B+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nicholas&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/2271.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; aquifers; arsenic; bedrock; chemical fractionation; Cretaceous; drinking water; Eh; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; iron; Mesozoic; metals; Minnesota; pollution; quantitative analysis; spectra; United States; valency; water pollution; water wells; western Minnesota; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic matter in the unique carbonaceous chondrite Miller Range 07687; a coordinated in situ NanoSIMS, FIB-TEM, and XANES study AN - 1784737906; 2016-035561 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Davidson, Jemma AU - Nittler, Larry R AU - Stroud, R M AU - Takigawa, A AU - De Gregorio, B T AU - Alexander, C M O AU - Kilcoyne, A L D AU - Cody, G D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 EP - Abstract no. 1609 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 46 KW - stony meteorites KW - ion probe data KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - XANES spectra KW - meteorites KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - chondrites KW - Miller Range Meteorites KW - N-15/N-14 KW - in situ KW - isotope ratios KW - matrix KW - C-13/C-12 KW - electron microscopy data KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - TEM data KW - aqueous alteration KW - focused ion beam KW - organic compounds KW - Antarctica KW - MIL 07687 KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - NanoSIMS KW - carbonates KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784737906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Organic+matter+in+the+unique+carbonaceous+chondrite+Miller+Range+07687%3B+a+coordinated+in+situ+NanoSIMS%2C+FIB-TEM%2C+and+XANES+study&rft.au=Davidson%2C+Jemma%3BNittler%2C+Larry+R%3BStroud%2C+R+M%3BTakigawa%2C+A%3BDe+Gregorio%2C+B+T%3BAlexander%2C+C+M+O%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+D%3BCody%2C+G+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=Jemma&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/pdf/1609.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 46th lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Sept. 8, 2015 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctica; aqueous alteration; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbonaceous chondrites; carbonates; chondrites; D/H; electron microscopy data; focused ion beam; hydrogen; in situ; ion probe data; isotope ratios; isotopes; mass spectra; matrix; meteorites; MIL 07687; Miller Range Meteorites; N-15/N-14; NanoSIMS; nitrogen; organic compounds; spectra; stable isotopes; stony meteorites; TEM data; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of hyporheic zone on biogeochemical cycling of carbon AN - 1784737483; 2016-037390 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Dwivedi, Dipankar AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Arora, Bhavna AU - Bisht, Gautam AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 795 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - processes KW - PFLOTRAN KW - western Colorado KW - elevation KW - hyporheic zone KW - simulation KW - hydrochemistry KW - inorganic materials KW - ground water KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - Colorado River KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - carbon KW - reactive transport KW - carbon cycle KW - Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - East River KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784737483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Impact+of+hyporheic+zone+on+biogeochemical+cycling+of+carbon&rft.au=Dwivedi%2C+Dipankar%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BArora%2C+Bhavna%3BBisht%2C+Gautam%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dwivedi&rft.aufirst=Dipankar&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/795.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Document feature - sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbon; carbon cycle; Colorado; Colorado River; East River; elevation; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; hyporheic zone; inorganic materials; organic compounds; PFLOTRAN; processes; quantitative analysis; reactive transport; simulation; transport; United States; western Colorado ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogen bond dynamics in amorphous carbonate precursors AN - 1784737452; 2016-037435 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Koishi, A AU - Fernandez-Martinez, A AU - Poloni, R AU - Jimenez-Ruiz, M AU - Montes-Hernandez, G AU - Waychunas, G A AU - Wallace, A F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1640 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - biomineralization KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - experimental studies KW - amorphous materials KW - bonding KW - infrared spectra KW - models KW - FTIR spectra KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - cations KW - calcium carbonate KW - spectra KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784737452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+bond+dynamics+in+amorphous+carbonate+precursors&rft.au=Koishi%2C+A%3BFernandez-Martinez%2C+A%3BPoloni%2C+R%3BJimenez-Ruiz%2C+M%3BMontes-Hernandez%2C+G%3BWaychunas%2C+G+A%3BWallace%2C+A+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Koishi&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1640&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1640.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; amorphous materials; biomineralization; bonding; calcium carbonate; cations; experimental studies; FTIR spectra; hydrogen; infrared spectra; magnesium; metals; models; processes; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic compounds on mineral surfaces; let's turn up the heat AN - 1784737341; 2016-037410 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Kleber, Markus AU - Chacon, Stephany AU - Liu, Suet Yi AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1615 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - desorption KW - lithosphere KW - matrix KW - mass spectra KW - rates KW - weathering KW - temperature KW - organic compounds KW - mineral composition KW - chemical reactions KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784737341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Organic+compounds+on+mineral+surfaces%3B+let%27s+turn+up+the+heat&rft.au=Kleber%2C+Markus%3BChacon%2C+Stephany%3BLiu%2C+Suet+Yi%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kleber&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1615.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; desorption; geochemistry; lithosphere; mass spectra; matrix; mineral composition; organic compounds; processes; rates; spectra; temperature; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A model for the isotope partitioning of weathering reactions in catchments AN - 1784736760; 2016-037373 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Druhan, J L AU - Maher, K AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 778 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - rates KW - weathering KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - models KW - partitioning KW - Ca-44/Ca-40 KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - metals KW - heterogeneity KW - kinetics KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1784736760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=A+model+for+the+isotope+partitioning+of+weathering+reactions+in+catchments&rft.au=Druhan%2C+J+L%3BMaher%2C+K%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Druhan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/778.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; Ca-44/Ca-40; calcium; chemical reactions; experimental studies; heterogeneity; isotope ratios; isotopes; kinetics; metals; models; numerical models; partitioning; quantitative analysis; rates; stable isotopes; variations; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microstructural modifications of dissolving silicate minerals; why should we bother? AN - 1780804266; 2016-034118 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Daval, D AU - Pollet-Villard, M AU - Ackerer, P AU - Fritz, B AU - Remusat, L AU - Guyot, F AU - Bernard, S AU - Saldi, G D AU - Knauss, K G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 668 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - experimental studies KW - ion probe data KW - microstructure KW - mass spectra KW - electron microscopy data KW - properties KW - solution KW - TEM data KW - models KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - reactive transport KW - spectra KW - kinetics KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780804266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Microstructural+modifications+of+dissolving+silicate+minerals%3B+why+should+we+bother%3F&rft.au=Daval%2C+D%3BPollet-Villard%2C+M%3BAckerer%2C+P%3BFritz%2C+B%3BRemusat%2C+L%3BGuyot%2C+F%3BBernard%2C+S%3BSaldi%2C+G+D%3BKnauss%2C+K+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daval&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=668&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/668.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy data; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; ion probe data; kinetics; mass spectra; microstructure; models; precipitation; properties; reactive transport; silicates; solution; spectra; TEM data; transport; water-rock interaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detailed conventional and innovative 3D geologic maps of geothermal systems in the Great Basin region, Western USA; critical cost-effective tools for geothermal exploration AN - 1780803352; 2016-032506 AB - We have applied detailed mapping of bedrock and Quaternary deposits as a cost-effective tool in assessing controls on geothermal systems in the Great Basin. Delineating stratigraphy is important in this region of interfingering Neogene volcanics and sediments, as it facilitates geophysical modeling, accurate well-logging, fault recognition, and reservoir definition. Our detailed mapping and regional studies also show that four types of structural settings host nearly 90% of known geothermal systems: 1) fault tips, 2) fault stepovers (SOs), 3) fault intersections, and 4) accommodation zones (AZs). Where oriented favorably in the current stress field, these settings comprise critically stressed belts of closely spaced faults (e.g. horsetailing fault tips and breached relay ramps). Mid-segments of major faults are relatively devoid of activity due to impermeable clay gouge and periodic release of stress in major earthquakes. Geothermal potential increases with structural complexity. Most robust, higher-temperature fields with operating power plants are hybrid systems (>1 favorable setting). Also, AZs are less common than fault tips but disproportionately host power plants (e.g. Steamboat, McGinness Hills, Bradys, Salt Wells), as they consist of multiple overlapping, intersecting, and terminating faults. The detailed maps further show that geothermal activity generally occupies the most complex parts of individual settings. Examples include 1) a small AZ in a broad SO at Tuscarora; 2) small SO and fault intersection in an AZ at McGinness; and 3) major fault tip in an AZ at Salt Wells. These findings can guide exploration, especially for blind systems (i.e. no surface hot springs), which are common. Combined with available geophysical data, the surface maps foster production of 3D models and 3D geologic maps. Our 3D models show that production wells typically penetrate faults with high slip-dilation tendency in steeply plunging, pipe-like bodies of high fault intersection and/or tip density. Wells outside these pipes may be hot but lack permeability. The 3D models define fluid flow conduits and are thus critical for minimizing drilling risk. We conclude that where exposures are sufficient, detailed surface and 3D maps (both relatively low budget) should precede and guide expensive geothermal drilling. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Faulds, James E AU - Hinz, Nicholas H AU - Siler, Drew L AU - Coolbaugh, Mark F AU - Dering, Gregory AU - Edwards, Joel AU - Anderson, Ryan B AU - Forson, Corina AU - Sadowski, Andrew J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 407 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780803352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Detailed+conventional+and+innovative+3D+geologic+maps+of+geothermal+systems+in+the+Great+Basin+region%2C+Western+USA%3B+critical+cost-effective+tools+for+geothermal+exploration&rft.au=Faulds%2C+James+E%3BHinz%2C+Nicholas+H%3BSiler%2C+Drew+L%3BCoolbaugh%2C+Mark+F%3BDering%2C+Gregory%3BEdwards%2C+Joel%3BAnderson%2C+Ryan+B%3BForson%2C+Corina%3BSadowski%2C+Andrew+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Faulds&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fracture properties in geothermal systems from stable and radiogenic isotopes AN - 1780802404; 2016-032017 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Christensen, John N AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Sturchio, Neil C AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Nakagawa, Seiji AU - Wanner, Christoph AU - DePaolo, Donald J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 404 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - radon KW - stable isotopes KW - reservoir rocks KW - California KW - fractures KW - radioactive isotopes KW - geothermal systems KW - noble gases KW - Long Valley KW - alkaline earth metals KW - diffusion KW - isotope ratios KW - matrix KW - properties KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Rn-222 KW - geometry KW - models KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - metals KW - U-234 KW - uranium KW - U-238 KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - permeability KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Fracture+properties+in+geothermal+systems+from+stable+and+radiogenic+isotopes&rft.au=Brown%2C+Shaun+T%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BSturchio%2C+Neil+C%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BNakagawa%2C+Seiji%3BWanner%2C+Christoph%3BDePaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Shaun&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/404.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; California; diffusion; fractures; geometry; geothermal systems; isotope ratios; isotopes; Long Valley; matrix; metals; models; noble gases; O-18/O-16; oxygen; permeability; properties; radioactive isotopes; radon; reservoir rocks; Rn-222; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; U-234; U-238; United States; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemistry of natural and engineered nanomaterials AN - 1780802213; 2016-032018 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Brown, G E, Jr AU - Cismasu, A C AU - Levard, C AU - Michel, F M AU - Dublet, G AU - Kumar, N AU - Wang, Y AU - Morin, G AU - Ma, R AU - Lowry, G V AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 405 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - soils KW - biochemistry KW - natural materials KW - atmosphere KW - properties KW - environmental effects KW - reactivity KW - organic compounds KW - chemical composition KW - nanoparticles KW - geochemistry KW - aquatic environment KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Biogeochemistry+of+natural+and+engineered+nanomaterials&rft.au=Brown%2C+G+E%2C+Jr%3BCismasu%2C+A+C%3BLevard%2C+C%3BMichel%2C+F+M%3BDublet%2C+G%3BKumar%2C+N%3BWang%2C+Y%3BMorin%2C+G%3BMa%2C+R%3BLowry%2C+G+V%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/405.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; atmosphere; biochemistry; chemical composition; environmental effects; geochemistry; nanoparticles; natural materials; organic compounds; properties; reactivity; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selective inhibitors of microbial sulfate reduction (and beyond); high-throughput approaches for engineering geomicrobial ecosystems and characterizing microbial niche space AN - 1780802186; 2016-032081 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Carlson, Hans K AU - Coates, John D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 468 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - sulfate ion KW - metabolism KW - geomicrobiology KW - characterization KW - petroleum KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - ecosystems KW - variations KW - reservoir rocks KW - quantitative analysis KW - ecology KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780802186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Selective+inhibitors+of+microbial+sulfate+reduction+%28and+beyond%29%3B+high-throughput+approaches+for+engineering+geomicrobial+ecosystems+and+characterizing+microbial+niche+space&rft.au=Carlson%2C+Hans+K%3BCoates%2C+John+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=468&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/468.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; ecology; ecosystems; geomicrobiology; hydrogen sulfide; metabolism; microorganisms; petroleum; quantitative analysis; reservoir rocks; sulfate ion; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic fractionation during low temperature (80 K) VUV photodissociation of nitrogen; connection to isotopic heterogenity in the solar nebula AN - 1780801958; 2016-032112 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Chakraborty, S AU - Jackson, T L AU - Rude, Bruce AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Thiemens, Mark H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 499 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - stony irons KW - sulfur dioxide KW - isotope fractionation KW - N-15/N-14 KW - stony meteorites KW - isotopes KW - isotope ratios KW - solar wind KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - solar nebula KW - meteorites KW - carbon monoxide KW - iron meteorites KW - low temperature KW - photodissociation KW - heterogeneity KW - chondrites KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1780801958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Isotopic+fractionation+during+low+temperature+%2880+K%29+VUV+photodissociation+of+nitrogen%3B+connection+to+isotopic+heterogenity+in+the+solar+nebula&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+S%3BJackson%2C+T+L%3BRude%2C+Bruce%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid%3BThiemens%2C+Mark+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/499.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon monoxide; carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; heterogeneity; hydrogen sulfide; iron meteorites; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; low temperature; meteorites; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; photodissociation; solar nebula; solar wind; stable isotopes; stony irons; stony meteorites; sulfur dioxide; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of anoxygenic phototrophy AN - 1777466594; 2016-030202 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Hemp, James AU - Ward, Lewis M AU - Shih, Patrick AU - Pace, Laura A AU - Johnson, Jena E AU - Fischer, Wooward W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1230 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - respiration KW - Chloroflexi KW - Acidobacteria KW - Precambrian KW - bacteria KW - phototrophy KW - Gemmatimonadetes KW - anaerobic environment KW - Archean KW - Chlorobi KW - Proteobacteria KW - 09:Paleobotany UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777466594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+anoxygenic+phototrophy&rft.au=Hemp%2C+James%3BWard%2C+Lewis+M%3BShih%2C+Patrick%3BPace%2C+Laura+A%3BJohnson%2C+Jena+E%3BFischer%2C+Wooward+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hemp&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1230.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acidobacteria; anaerobic environment; Archean; bacteria; Chlorobi; Chloroflexi; Gemmatimonadetes; phototrophy; Precambrian; Proteobacteria; respiration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composition and redox conditions in historic nuclear fallout AN - 1777466347; 2016-030265 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Holliday, K S AU - Booth, C H AU - Pacold, J I AU - Dierken, J AU - Monroe, M AU - Fitzgerald, M AU - McClory, J AU - Hutcheon, I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1293 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - isotopes KW - XAFS spectra KW - electron microscopy data KW - X-ray spectra KW - iron KW - autoradiography KW - XANES spectra KW - radiography KW - radioactive fallout KW - models KW - radioactive isotopes KW - major elements KW - metals KW - composition KW - spectra KW - SEM data KW - Eh KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777466347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Composition+and+redox+conditions+in+historic+nuclear+fallout&rft.au=Holliday%2C+K+S%3BBooth%2C+C+H%3BPacold%2C+J+I%3BDierken%2C+J%3BMonroe%2C+M%3BFitzgerald%2C+M%3BMcClory%2C+J%3BHutcheon%2C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Holliday&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/1293.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - autoradiography; composition; Eh; electron microscopy data; iron; isotopes; major elements; metals; models; radioactive fallout; radioactive isotopes; radiography; SEM data; spectra; X-ray spectra; XAFS spectra; XANES spectra ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The importance of full impedance tensor analysis for 3D magnetotelluric imaging the roots of high temperature geothermal systems; application to the Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand AN - 1777466017; 2016-027624 AB - Roots of extractable geothermal resources (typically less than 3 km) originate at much greater depths, where fluids extract heat from high temperature sources (i.e. magma) and transport it to the surface. The fluid pathways required for this are not well understood; nor is the associated deep-seated permeability. Besides sourcing hydrothermal systems from which electricity can now be generated, these deep-rooted geothermal fluids also represent untapped energy resources themselves, which in the coming years may well be exploited with advances in deep drilling technology. Thus a very good case can be made to expand our knowledge on the roots of geothermal systems to better extract the existing resource base as well as tap into new sources of geothermal energy, including sources beyond current conventional extraction depths. We are investigating the roots of various high temperature geothermal systems present in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) in New Zealand's North Island using magnetotelluric (MT) soundings. Over 23 geothermal systems are known in the TVZ, yet a better understanding of the roots these systems could constrain how they yield an extraordinarily high heat flux. It is currently believed that high temperature convection plumes that extend down to depth of 8 km provide the fluids for these systems. However, much remains uncertain about the basement structure and mechanisms of heat transport and rock permeability below depths of 3 km, which is the present maximum drilled depth. Our ongoing analysis shows clear evidence of deep-seated electrically conductive plumes down to 10 km depth, which are manifested in the near-surface expressions of hydrothermal activity and clear permeable pathways for transporting geothermal fluids. Our experience with the MT data modeling of a complex three-dimensional (3D) environment, such as in the TVZ, showed that it is necessary to analyze the full MT impedance tensor, since the analysis using only principal component tensor data (the off-diagonal components) can produce artifacts in the imaging process. While using only off-diagonal elements might be justified when the imaging grid is aligned with preferred structural trends in the data, for truly 3D environment this may be difficult if not impossible to achieve. Nevertheless, full MT tensor analysis also has its own challenges, especially how one treats data noise for all components in the impedance tensor, where individual entries can vary by several orders of magnitude at a fixed period. In these instances, the accuracy of noise estimates in the data and weights assigned to the components of the impedance tensor are very important. JF - World geothermal congress 2015 AU - Newman, G A AU - Lindsey, N J AU - Gasperikova, E AU - Bertrand, E A AU - Caldwell, T Grant AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 5 PB - International Geothermal Association KW - geophysical surveys KW - Australasia KW - three-dimensional models KW - geophysical methods KW - Taupo volcanic zone KW - resistivity KW - North Island KW - impedance tensors KW - temperature KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal systems KW - surveys KW - New Zealand KW - high temperature KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777466017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Newman%2C+G+A%3BLindsey%2C+N+J%3BGasperikova%2C+E%3BBertrand%2C+E+A%3BCaldwell%2C+T+Grant%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+importance+of+full+impedance+tensor+analysis+for+3D+magnetotelluric+imaging+the+roots+of+high+temperature+geothermal+systems%3B+application+to+the+Taupo+volcanic+zone%2C+New+Zealand&rft.title=The+importance+of+full+impedance+tensor+analysis+for+3D+magnetotelluric+imaging+the+roots+of+high+temperature+geothermal+systems%3B+application+to+the+Taupo+volcanic+zone%2C+New+Zealand&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.geothermal-energy.org/pdf/IGAstandard/WGC/2015/13023.pdf? LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - World geothermal congress 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photoreduction of fumarate by ZnS is initiated by ultrafast one-electron transfer AN - 1773799702; 2016-025292 AB - Photochemical reactions at mineral surfaces have been proposed as important steps in the origins of life. In particular, the photoexcitation of semiconductor minerals such as sphalerite (ZnS) by ultraviolet light generates electrons capable of driving reduction reactions in the reverse tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) cycle. The rTCA cycle has been proposed as a precursor to the oxidative cycle found in modern mitochondria. We used liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LCMS) to investigate possible side reactions in the ZnS photocatalyzed steps of the rTCA cycle, finding a diversity of end products in most cases. However, the proton-coupled, two-electron reduction of fumarate to succinate occurred in high yield with no alternative products. We chose to study the mechanism of this plausible prebiotic reaction to determine the chemical and structural factors that enable a relatively complex multi-electron reaction to proceed with high selectivity. We used ultrafast spectroscopic techniques to study the reaction in a regime in which 310-nm illumination generated a single excited electron per ZnS nanoparticle. Using transient mid-infrared spectroscopy we captured the formation and relaxation of excited electrons in ZnS and found that, in the presence of fumarate, electrons are lost to the organic molecule at sub-picosecond timescales. Consistent with these data, a new optical absorption feature appeared on the same timescale that could represent an intermediate organic product of the fumarate reduction. Additionally, we observed a reduction of the fluorescence lifetime of photoexcited ZnS in the presence of fumarate, indicating that further interfacial electron transfer continues up to the approximately 100-picosecond timescale. Transient optical spectroscopy also showed the filling of mid-bandgap trap states in the ZnS, from which we were unable to detect further electron transfer to adsorbed fumarate. We derived a mechanistic scheme for the first steps of the reduction of fumarate on ZnS that incorporates all observations within approximately 7 ns, and propose two hypotheses for reaction completion. This work will constrain the potential early Earth environments that could facilitate photochemical transformation of metabolic organic molecules. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Mangiante, David M AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Schaller, Richard D AU - Banfield, Jillian F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 304 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Photoreduction+of+fumarate+by+ZnS+is+initiated+by+ultrafast+one-electron+transfer&rft.au=Mangiante%2C+David+M%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BSchaller%2C+Richard+D%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mangiante&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=304&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial iron oxidation and contribution to Fe oxide coatings in aquifer sediment AN - 1773799272; 2016-025297 AB - Microbial Fe oxidation and biomineral formation is important in aquifers because the highly-reactive oxides can control the mobility of nutrients (e.g. phosphate, C) and metals (e.g. arsenic, uranium). Mineral formation also has the potential to affect groundwater flow, depending on the volume and distribution in pore spaces. Fe coatings are common on aquifer sands, but it has never been determined whether these coatings are a microbial product. In this study, we aimed to understand the role of microbial Fe-oxidizers in producing Fe sand coatings and how their biominerals affect, and are affected by groundwater flow. As part of work at the Rifle aquifer in Colorado, the presence of Fe-oxidizers was confirmed by the enrichment and isolation of two novel microaerophilic Fe-oxidizing Betaproteobacteria, Hydrogenophaga sp. P101 and Curvibacter sp. CD03. We used these two isolates, as well as the model Fe-oxidizing microorganism, Gallionellales Ferriphaselus sp. R-1, in our experimental aquifer systems. We developed a "micro-aquifer," a sand-filled flow-through culture chamber that allows for imaging of sediment pore space with multiphoton confocal microscopy. Fe oxide biofilms formed on sand grains, demonstrating that FeOM produce Fe oxide sand coatings. While iron bacteria are well known to clog groundwater wells and aquifers, no clogging occurred in our experiments. Instead, Fe biofilm distribution was dynamic: they grew as coatings, then periodically sloughed off sand grains, with some flocs later caught in pore throats. This has implications for physical hydrology, including pore scale architecture, and element transport. The sloughing of coatings likely prevents the biominerals from clogging wells and aquifers, at least initially. Although attached biomineral coatings sequester Fe-associated elements (e.g. P, As, C, U), when biominerals detach, these elements are transported as particles through the aquifer. Currently, we are working to further examine the spatial association of the Fe bacteria and sand coatings, as well as the biotic acceleration of the coating formation. Our work shows that microbial mineralization impacts in aquifers are dynamic, and that the fate and transport of biomineral-associated elements depend not only on geochemical conditions, but also physical pore-scale processes. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Hoppes, Kara AU - Chan, Clara S AU - Cabaniss, Kevin AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Moore, Michael AU - Michael, Holly A AU - Caplan, Jeffrey AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 305 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1773799272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Microbial+iron+oxidation+and+contribution+to+Fe+oxide+coatings+in+aquifer+sediment&rft.au=Hoppes%2C+Kara%3BChan%2C+Clara+S%3BCabaniss%2C+Kevin%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BMoore%2C+Michael%3BMichael%2C+Holly+A%3BCaplan%2C+Jeffrey%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hoppes&rft.aufirst=Kara&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2015 annual meeting & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Universal Access to Electricity: Closing the Affordability Gap AN - 1765970165; PQ0002558978 AB - Access to electricity changes lives but only when people can afford electricity-powered services to meet their basic needs, and this is more than just two light bulbs and a fan. Decentralized renewable energy (RE) minigrids, particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) minigrids, can cost-effectively electrify a large share of currently unelectrified rural populations. But the cost of using appliances with this electricity is still much higher than what the poor can afford without deep subsidies. This affordability gap stunts the sustainability and growth of RE minigrids. Significant improvements in the economics of supplying electricity with minigrids, combined with higher-efficiency appliances, are needed to reduce the effective cost of using electricity in decentralized RE minigrids. These would bridge the affordability gap and improve business opportunities and value to users, investors, and service providers and thus create market-driven expansion to overcome the acute lack of funding that they currently face. Technology breakthroughs that can help in this respect include (a) significantly cheaper solar PV components to reduce up-front costs of solar PV minigrids; (b) significantly more affordable and energy-efficient appliances; (c) better-performing bulk storage at a significantly lower cost; (d) affordable and easy-to-use grid management solutions, and (e) a utility in a box for a simpler, cheaper, and faster way to set up minigrids. JF - Annual Review of Environment and Resources AU - Mitra, Subama AU - Buluswar, Shashi AD - Institute of Globally Transformative Technologies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, smitra@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015///0, PY - 2015 DA - 0, 2015 SP - 261 EP - 283 PB - Annual Reviews, Inc., 4139 El Camino Way Palo Alto CA 94303-0139 United States VL - 40 SN - 1543-5938, 1543-5938 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - universal access KW - renewable energy KW - decentralized mini-grids KW - solar photovoltaic KW - batteries, grid management KW - rural household KW - appliance KW - cost of electricity KW - efficiency KW - affordability gap KW - technology breakthroughs KW - Energy efficiency KW - Electricity KW - Sustainability KW - Storage KW - Investors KW - Reviews KW - Renewable energy KW - Solar cells KW - Economics KW - Subsidies KW - Rural areas KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765970165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.atitle=Universal+Access+to+Electricity%3A+Closing+the+Affordability+Gap&rft.au=Mitra%2C+Subama%3BBuluswar%2C+Shashi&rft.aulast=Mitra&rft.aufirst=Subama&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Environment+and+Resources&rft.issn=15435938&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev-environ-102014-021057 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Energy efficiency; Investors; Solar cells; Renewable energy; Reviews; Economics; Subsidies; Electricity; Sustainability; Technology; Rural areas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-102014-021057 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global sensitivity analysis for the Rothermel model based on high-dimensional model representation AN - 1765966977; PQ0002528864 AB - Rothermel's wildland surface fire spread model is widely used in North America. The model outputs depend on a number of input parameters, which can be broadly categorized as fuel model, fuel moisture, terrain, and wind parameters. Due to the inevitable presence of uncertainty in the input parameters, knowing the sensitivity of the model output to a given input parameter can be very useful for understanding and controlling the sources of parametric uncertainty. Instead of obtaining the local sensitivity indices, we perform a global sensitivity analysis that considers the synchronous changes of parameters in their respective ranges. The global sensitivity indices corresponding to different parameter groups are computed by constructing the truncated ANOVA - high dimensional model representation for the model outputs with a polynomial expansion approach. We apply global sensitivity analysis to six standard fuel models, namely short grass, tall grass, chaparral, hardwood litter, timber, and light logging slash. Our sensitivity results show similarities, as well as differences, between fuel models. For example, the sensitivities of the input parameters, i.e., fuel depth, low heat content, and wind, are large in all fuel models and as high as 85% of the total model variance in the fuel model light logging slash. On the other hand, the fuel depth explains around 40% of the total variance in the fuel model light logging slash but only 12% of the total variance in the fuel model short grass. The quantification of the importance of parameters across fuel models helps identify the parameters for which additional resources should be used to lower their uncertainty, leading to effective fire management.Original Abstract: Le modele de propagation des feux de foret de surface de Rothermel est largement utilise en Amerique du Nord. Les resultats du modele dependent de plusieurs parametres d'entree qui de facon generale peuvent etre assimiles au type de combustible, a l'humidite des combustibles ainsi qu'a des parametres associes au terrain et au vent. A cause de la presence inevitable d'incertitude dans les parametres d'entree, la sensibilite des resultats du modele a un parametre d'entree donne peut etre tres utile pour comprendre et controler les sources d'incertitude parametrique. Au lieu d'obtenir des indices locaux de sensibilite, nous avons effectue une analyse de sensibilite globale qui tient compte des changements synchrones des parametres dans les limites de leur amplitude respective. Les indices de sensibilite globale correspondants a differents groupes de parametres sont calcules en construisant une representation dimensionnelle au moyen d'une ANOVA tronquee pour les resultats du modele avec une approche d'expansion polynomiale. Nous avons applique l'analyse de sensibilite globale a six types standards de combustibles, soit les types herbes basses, herbes hautes, chaparral, litiere de feuillu, bois et residus de coupe fins. Nos resultats de sensibilite montrent qu'il y a des similitudes aussi bien que des differences entre les types de combustibles. A titre d'exemple, la sensibilite des parametres d'entree qui portent sur l'epaisseur des combustibles, le faible contenu calorifique et le vent est elevee pour tous les types de combustibles et aussi elevee que 85 % de la variance totale dans le cas des residus de coupe fins. D'autre part, l'epaisseur des combustibles explique environ 40 % de la variance totale dans le cas des residus de coupe fins, mais seulement 12 % dans le cas des herbes basses. La quantification de l'importance des parametres parmi les types de combustibles aide a identifier les parametres auxquels on devrait consacrer des ressources additionnelles pour reduire leur incertitude contribuant ainsi a une gestion efficace des feux. [Traduit par la Redaction] JF - Canadian Journal of Forest Research/Revue Canadienne de Recherche Forestiere AU - Liu, Yaning AU - Hussaini, MYousuff AU - Oekten, Giray AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., okten@math.fsu.edu Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 1474 EP - 1479 PB - NRC Research Press VL - 45 IS - 11 SN - 0045-5067, 0045-5067 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Rothermel fire spread model KW - global sensitivity analysis KW - high-dimensional model representation KW - Monte Carlo methods KW - ANOVA KW - modele de propagation du feu de Rothermel KW - analyse de sensibilite globale KW - representation dimensionnelle du modele KW - methodes de Monte Carlo KW - Sensitivity KW - Fires KW - Litter KW - Grasses KW - Fuels KW - Forests KW - Hardwoods KW - Models KW - Light effects KW - Logging KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Heat KW - Chaparral KW - Wind KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765966977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Forest+Research%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Recherche+Forestiere&rft.atitle=Global+sensitivity+analysis+for+the+Rothermel+model+based+on+high-dimensional+model+representation&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yaning%3BHussaini%2C+MYousuff%3BOekten%2C+Giray&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yaning&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Forest+Research%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Recherche+Forestiere&rft.issn=00455067&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2Fcjfr-2015-0148 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Logging; Fires; Litter; Heat; Grasses; Fuels; Chaparral; Hardwoods; Wind; Light effects; Models; Sensitivity; Sensitivity analysis; Forests DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2015-0148 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Peak load reductions: Electric load shifting with mechanical pre-cooling of residential buildings with low thermal mass AN - 1762363141; PQ0002441068 AB - This study uses an advanced airflow, energy and humidity modelling tool to evaluate the potential for residential mechanical pre-cooling of building thermal mass to shift electricity loads away from the peak electricity demand period. The focus of this study is residential buildings with low thermal mass, such as timber-frame houses typical to the US. Simulations were performed for homes in 12 US DOE climate zones. The results show that the effectiveness of mechanical pre-cooling is highly dependent on climate zone and the selected pre-cooling strategy. The expected energy trade-off between cooling peak energy savings and increased off-peak energy use is also shown. The best pre-cooling results (more than 75% energy use shifted away from peak while minimising the total energy penalty) for most climates were obtained using a medium (5 h) pre-cooling time window with a shallow (23.3 [degrees]C) pre-cooling set point temperature. All of the pre-cooling strategies investigated caused the annual cooling energy demand of the simulated buildings to increase. Additionally, all of the pre-cooling strategies shifted at least 50% of the on-peak cooling loads away from a peak period window of 4pm-8pm in all climate zones. JF - Energy AU - Turner, W JN AU - Walker, I S AU - Roux, J AD - Residential Building Systems, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, USA; Electricity Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield Campus, Dublin 4, Ireland, will.turner@ucd.ie Y1 - 2015///3, PY - 2015 DA - 3, 2015 SP - 1057 EP - 1067 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 82 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Pre-cooling KW - Load shifting KW - Air conditioning KW - Mechanical cooling KW - Peak demand KW - Thermal mass KW - Housing KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Energy conservation KW - Simulation KW - Humidity KW - Energy consumption KW - Buildings KW - Energy demand KW - Energy KW - Residential areas KW - Cooling systems KW - Air flow KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1762363141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=Peak+load+reductions%3A+Electric+load+shifting+with+mechanical+pre-cooling+of+residential+buildings+with+low+thermal+mass&rft.au=Turner%2C+W+JN%3BWalker%2C+I+S%3BRoux%2C+J&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1057&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/l0.l0l6%2Fj.energy.2015.02.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Housing; Climate; Energy conservation; Temperature; Humidity; Simulation; Energy consumption; Buildings; Energy demand; Energy; Residential areas; Cooling systems; Air flow DO - http://dx.doi.org/l0.l0l6/j.energy.2015.02.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transient porosity resulting from fluid-mineral interaction and its consequences AN - 1756508700; 2016-005468 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Putnis, Andrew AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - transient phenomena KW - saturation KW - mineral-water interface KW - framework silicates KW - fluid phase KW - crystal growth KW - pressure solution KW - feldspar group KW - boundary interactions KW - porosity KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Transient+porosity+resulting+from+fluid-mineral+interaction+and+its+consequences&rft.au=Putnis%2C+Andrew%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Putnis&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.01 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 118 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary interactions; crystal growth; feldspar group; fluid phase; framework silicates; mineral-water interface; porosity; pressure solution; saturation; silicates; transient phenomena DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mesoscale and hybrid models of fluid flow and solute transport AN - 1756508694; 2016-005477 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Mehmani, Yashar AU - Balhoff, Matthew T AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 433 EP - 459 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - scale models KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - theoretical models KW - fluid flow KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - porosity KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Mesoscale+and+hybrid+models+of+fluid+flow+and+solute+transport&rft.au=Mehmani%2C+Yashar%3BBalhoff%2C+Matthew+T%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Mehmani&rft.aufirst=Yashar&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.13 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 144 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - equations; fluid flow; mathematical models; numerical models; permeability; porosity; scale models; solute transport; theoretical models; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precipitation in pores; a geochemical frontier AN - 1756508667; 2016-005469 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Stack, Andrew G AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 165 EP - 190 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - numerical models KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - mineral-water interface KW - fluid phase KW - solution KW - geochemistry KW - boundary interactions KW - porosity KW - permeability KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Precipitation+in+pores%3B+a+geochemical+frontier&rft.au=Stack%2C+Andrew+G%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.05 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 99 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary interactions; fluid phase; geochemistry; mineral-water interface; numerical models; permeability; porosity; precipitation; solute transport; solution; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micro-continuum approaches for modeling pore-scale geochemical processes AN - 1756508626; 2016-005471 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Beckingham, Lauren E AU - Landrot, Gautier AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 217 EP - 246 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - surface properties KW - alteration KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - Cretaceous KW - sandstone KW - mineral-water interface KW - Upper Cretaceous KW - porosity KW - Mesozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - transport KW - Tuscaloosa Formation KW - geochemistry KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - image analysis KW - diffusivity KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Micro-continuum+approaches+for+modeling+pore-scale+geochemical+processes&rft.au=Steefel%2C+Carl+I%3BBeckingham%2C+Lauren+E%3BLandrot%2C+Gautier%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Steefel&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.07 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 100 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alteration; clastic rocks; Cretaceous; diffusivity; experimental studies; geochemistry; image analysis; Mesozoic; mineral-water interface; numerical models; permeability; porosity; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; solute transport; surface properties; transport; Tuscaloosa Formation; United States; Upper Cretaceous DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resolving time-dependent evolution of pore-scale structure, permeability and reactivity using X-ray microtomography AN - 1756508598; 2016-005472 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Noiriel, Catherine AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 247 EP - 285 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - tomography KW - microcracks KW - data acquisition KW - microstructure KW - data processing KW - data KW - techniques KW - solution KW - fractures KW - theoretical studies KW - reactivity KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - X-ray analysis KW - reactive transport KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - porosity KW - cracks KW - computed tomography KW - precipitation KW - permeability KW - instruments KW - image analysis KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Resolving+time-dependent+evolution+of+pore-scale+structure%2C+permeability+and+reactivity+using+X-ray+microtomography&rft.au=Noiriel%2C+Catherine%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Noiriel&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.08 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 225 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; computed tomography; cracks; data; data acquisition; data processing; fractures; image analysis; instruments; microcracks; microstructure; permeability; porosity; precipitation; quantitative analysis; reactive transport; reactivity; solution; techniques; theoretical studies; tomography; transport; water-rock interaction; X-ray analysis; X-ray fluorescence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.08 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lattice Boltzmann-based approaches for pore-scale reactive transport AN - 1756508581; 2016-005476 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Yoon, Hongkyu AU - Kang, Qinjun AU - Valocchi, Albert J AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 393 EP - 431 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - numerical models KW - lattice KW - numerical analysis KW - equations KW - solution KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - theoretical studies KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - biofilms KW - multiphase flow KW - lattice Boltzmann method KW - reactive transport KW - fractals KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Lattice+Boltzmann-based+approaches+for+pore-scale+reactive+transport&rft.au=Yoon%2C+Hongkyu%3BKang%2C+Qinjun%3BValocchi%2C+Albert+J%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Yoon&rft.aufirst=Hongkyu&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.12 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 209 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biofilms; equations; fractals; ground water; lattice; lattice Boltzmann method; multiphase flow; numerical analysis; numerical models; porosity; precipitation; reactive transport; solute transport; solution; theoretical studies; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale process coupling and effective surface reaction rates in heterogeneous subsurface materials AN - 1756508361; 2016-005470 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Liu, Chongxuan AU - Liu, Yuanyuan AU - Kerisit, Sebastien AU - Zachara, John AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 191 EP - 216 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - hydrology KW - surface properties KW - sorption KW - numerical models KW - grain size KW - watersheds KW - uranyl ion KW - porous materials KW - migration of elements KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - theoretical studies KW - heterogeneous materials KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - reactive transport KW - pore water KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+process+coupling+and+effective+surface+reaction+rates+in+heterogeneous+subsurface+materials&rft.au=Liu%2C+Chongxuan%3BLiu%2C+Yuanyuan%3BKerisit%2C+Sebastien%3BZachara%2C+John%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Chongxuan&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.06 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 203 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - grain size; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydrology; migration of elements; numerical models; pore water; porosity; porous materials; reactive transport; sorption; surface properties; theoretical studies; transport; uranyl ion; water-rock interaction; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale controls on reaction-driven fracturing AN - 1756508321; 2016-005479 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Royne, Anja AU - Jamtveit, Bjorn AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 25 EP - 44 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - silicates KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - tobermorite KW - fluid phase KW - Europe KW - fracturing KW - plutonic rocks KW - transport KW - Leka Complex KW - zeolite group KW - reactive transport KW - framework silicates KW - chain silicates KW - Karoo Basin KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - Caledonides KW - mineral-water interface KW - ophiolite KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - Scandinavia KW - scolecite KW - Southern Africa KW - Africa KW - Norway KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+controls+on+reaction-driven+fracturing&rft.au=Royne%2C+Anja%3BJamtveit%2C+Bjorn%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Royne&rft.aufirst=Anja&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.02 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Caledonides; chain silicates; Europe; experimental studies; fluid phase; fracturing; framework silicates; igneous rocks; Karoo Basin; Leka Complex; mineral-water interface; Norway; ophiolite; plutonic rocks; porosity; reactive transport; Scandinavia; scolecite; silicates; Southern Africa; tobermorite; transport; volcanic rocks; weathering; Western Europe; zeolite group DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.02 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic gradients across fluid-mineral boundaries AN - 1756508281; 2016-005475 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Druhan, Jennifer L AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Huber, Christian AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 355 EP - 391 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - isotope fractionation KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - lead KW - fluid phase KW - radon KW - solution KW - stable isotopes KW - iron KW - partitioning KW - radioactive isotopes KW - plutonic rocks KW - noble gases KW - basalts KW - Pb-206 KW - diffusion KW - mineral-water interface KW - concepts KW - Rn-222 KW - metals KW - theoretical models KW - uranium KW - Fe-56 KW - U-238 KW - actinides KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Isotopic+gradients+across+fluid-mineral+boundaries&rft.au=Druhan%2C+Jennifer+L%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BHuber%2C+Christian%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Druhan&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.11 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 180 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; basalts; concepts; diffusion; Fe-56; fluid phase; granites; igneous rocks; iron; isotope fractionation; isotopes; lead; metals; mineral-water interface; noble gases; partitioning; Pb-206; plutonic rocks; radioactive isotopes; radon; Rn-222; solution; stable isotopes; theoretical models; U-238; uranium; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and analysis of porosity and pore structures AN - 1756508184; 2016-005481 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Cole, David R AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 61 EP - 164 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - imagery KW - neutron methods KW - capillary pressure KW - techniques KW - X-ray analysis KW - nuclear magnetic resonance KW - fractals KW - mercury KW - electrical properties KW - numerical analysis KW - atomic force microscopy KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - adsorption KW - resistivity KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - gases KW - sample preparation KW - saturation KW - metals KW - wettability KW - spectroscopy KW - instruments KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+analysis+of+porosity+and+pore+structures&rft.au=Anovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BCole%2C+David+R%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Anovitz&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.04 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 622 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; atomic force microscopy; capillary pressure; electrical properties; equations; fractals; gases; imagery; instruments; measurement; mercury; metals; neutron methods; nuclear magnetic resonance; numerical analysis; porosity; porous materials; resistivity; sample preparation; saturation; spectroscopy; techniques; wettability; X-ray analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.04 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pore-scale geochemical processes AN - 1756508154; 2016-005467 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1 EP - 481 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - surface properties KW - numerical models KW - isotopes KW - mineral-water interface KW - weathering KW - porosity KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - precipitation KW - infiltration KW - geochemistry KW - permeability KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Pore-scale+geochemical+processes&rft.au=Steefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Steefel+%28editor%29&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - geochemistry; infiltration; isotopes; mineral-water interface; numerical models; permeability; porosity; precipitation; solute transport; surface properties; transport; water-rock interaction; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive interfaces in direct numerical simulation of pore-scale processes AN - 1756508151; 2016-005478 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 461 EP - 481 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - scale factor KW - numerical models KW - data processing KW - mineral-water interface KW - porous materials KW - electron microscopy data KW - equations KW - boundary interactions KW - porosity KW - transport KW - digital simulation KW - reactive transport KW - SEM data KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Reactive+interfaces+in+direct+numerical+simulation+of+pore-scale+processes&rft.au=Molins%2C+Sergi%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=Sergi&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.14 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 67 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary interactions; data processing; digital simulation; electron microscopy data; equations; mineral-water interface; numerical models; porosity; porous materials; reactive transport; scale factor; SEM data; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of coupled chemo-mechanical processes on the evolution of pore-size distributions in geological media AN - 1756508118; 2016-005480 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Emmanuel, Simon AU - Anovitz, Lawrence M AU - Day-Stirrat, Ruarri J AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 45 EP - 60 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - numerical analysis KW - mechanochemical processes KW - sandstone KW - mineral-water interface KW - porous materials KW - electron microscopy data KW - effects KW - equations KW - solution KW - porosity KW - compaction KW - size distribution KW - sedimentary rocks KW - water-rock interaction KW - precipitation KW - clastic rocks KW - SEM data KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+coupled+chemo-mechanical+processes+on+the+evolution+of+pore-size+distributions+in+geological+media&rft.au=Emmanuel%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz%2C+Lawrence+M%3BDay-Stirrat%2C+Ruarri+J%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Emmanuel&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.03 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clastic rocks; compaction; effects; electron microscopy data; equations; mechanochemical processes; mineral-water interface; numerical analysis; porosity; porous materials; precipitation; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; size distribution; solution; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How porosity increases during incipient weathering of crystalline silicate rocks AN - 1756508115; 2016-005474 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis AU - Brantley, Susan L AU - Rother, Gernot AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 331 EP - 354 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - United States KW - metaigneous rocks KW - Greater Antilles KW - quartz diorites KW - andesites KW - volcanic rocks KW - neutron methods KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - Appalachians KW - California KW - volcaniclastics KW - plutonic rocks KW - Puerto Rico KW - diorites KW - metamorphic rocks KW - crystalline rocks KW - fractals KW - bedrock KW - North America KW - Virginia KW - West Indies KW - Caribbean region KW - weathering KW - samples KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - Antilles KW - South America KW - Argentina KW - silicate rocks KW - metagranite KW - electron microscopy KW - regolith KW - Piedmont KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756508115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=How+porosity+increases+during+incipient+weathering+of+crystalline+silicate+rocks&rft.au=Navarre-Sitchler%2C+Alexis%3BBrantley%2C+Susan+L%3BRother%2C+Gernot%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Navarre-Sitchler&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.10 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 98 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - andesites; Antilles; Appalachians; Argentina; bedrock; California; Caribbean region; crystalline rocks; diorites; electron microscopy; fractals; granites; Greater Antilles; igneous rocks; measurement; metagranite; metaigneous rocks; metamorphic rocks; neutron methods; North America; Piedmont; plutonic rocks; porosity; Puerto Rico; quartz diorites; regolith; samples; silicate rocks; South America; United States; Virginia; volcanic rocks; volcaniclastics; weathering; West Indies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionic transport in nano-porous clays with consideration of electrostatic effects AN - 1756507903; 2016-005473 JF - Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry AU - Tournassat, Christophe AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Steefel (editor), Carl I AU - Emmanuel (editor), Simon AU - Anovitz (editor), Lawrence M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 287 EP - 329 PB - Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 80 SN - 1529-6466, 1529-6466 KW - solute transport KW - silicates KW - diffusion KW - nanoporosity KW - mineral-water interface KW - illite KW - equations KW - electrostatic properties KW - salinity KW - ions KW - porosity KW - clay minerals KW - transport KW - sheet silicates KW - nonlinear processes KW - pore water KW - montmorillonite KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756507903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Ionic+transport+in+nano-porous+clays+with+consideration+of+electrostatic+effects&rft.au=Tournassat%2C+Christophe%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BSteefel+%28editor%29%2C+Carl+I%3BEmmanuel+%28editor%29%2C+Simon%3BAnovitz+%28editor%29%2C+Lawrence+M&rft.aulast=Tournassat&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+in+Mineralogy+and+Geochemistry&rft.issn=15296466&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Frmg.2015.80.09 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 128 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - RMINDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clay minerals; diffusion; electrostatic properties; equations; illite; ions; mineral-water interface; montmorillonite; nanoporosity; nonlinear processes; pore water; porosity; salinity; sheet silicates; silicates; solute transport; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2015.80.09 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical and isotopic dynamics of spring water table rise at Rifle, CO AN - 1756505814; 2016-007195 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Christensen, John N AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Basu, Anirban AU - Schilling, Kathrin AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Bill, Markus AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Johnson, Thomas M AU - Shiel, Alyssa E AU - Yang, Li AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu K AU - Wan, Jiamin AU - Yabusaki, Steven B AU - Maher, Katharine AU - Weaver, Karrie AU - Long, Philip E AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 553 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - isotope fractionation KW - desorption KW - oxygen KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - selenium KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - solution KW - stable isotopes KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Colorado River KW - Se-82/Se-80 KW - Rifle Colorado KW - radioactive isotopes KW - levels KW - carbon KW - processes KW - alkaline earth metals KW - monitoring KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - Sr-87/Sr-86 KW - boreholes KW - S-34/S-32 KW - D/H KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - sulfur KW - uranium KW - U-238/U-234 KW - seasonal variations KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - pore water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Chemical+and+isotopic+dynamics+of+spring+water+table+rise+at+Rifle%2C+CO&rft.au=Christensen%2C+John+N%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BBasu%2C+Anirban%3BSchilling%2C+Kathrin%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BJohnson%2C+Thomas+M%3BShiel%2C+Alyssa+E%3BYang%2C+Li%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu+K%3BWan%2C+Jiamin%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven+B%3BMaher%2C+Katharine%3BWeaver%2C+Karrie%3BLong%2C+Philip+E%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/553.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; aquifers; boreholes; carbon; Colorado; Colorado River; D/H; desorption; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; hydrogen; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; levels; metals; monitoring; O-18/O-16; oxygen; pore water; processes; radioactive isotopes; remediation; Rifle Colorado; S-34/S-32; Se-82/Se-80; seasonal variations; selenium; solution; Sr-87/Sr-86; stable isotopes; strontium; sulfur; U-238/U-234; United States; unsaturated zone; uranium; water table; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium biogeochemistry; nanometer to regional scales AN - 1756505198; 2016-007051 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bargar, J R AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Bone, S E AU - Boye, K AU - Janot, N AU - Noel, V AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 209 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - processes KW - diffusion KW - Colorado River basin KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - biochemistry KW - behavior KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - Rifle Colorado KW - reactivity KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - sediments KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - water pollution KW - actinides KW - Eh KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Uranium+biogeochemistry%3B+nanometer+to+regional+scales&rft.au=Bargar%2C+J+R%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BBone%2C+S+E%3BBoye%2C+K%3BJanot%2C+N%3BNoel%2C+V%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bargar&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/209.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; behavior; biochemistry; chemical fractionation; Colorado; Colorado River basin; diffusion; Eh; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; metals; organic compounds; pollution; processes; reactivity; Rifle Colorado; sediments; spatial distribution; United States; uranium; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal variations and cycling of sulfate using sulfur isotopes and concentrations from an unsaturated zone of a floodplain AN - 1756505026; 2016-007142 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Bill, Markus AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Hobson, Chad AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 300 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - western Colorado KW - floodplains KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - ground water KW - Rifle Colorado KW - quantitative analysis KW - levels KW - denitrification KW - Eh KW - sulfate ion KW - isotope ratios KW - samples KW - geochemical cycle KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - S-34/S-32 KW - alluvium aquifers KW - saturation KW - fluvial features KW - sulfur KW - seasonal variations KW - Colorado KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756505026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Seasonal+variations+and+cycling+of+sulfate+using+sulfur+isotopes+and+concentrations+from+an+unsaturated+zone+of+a+floodplain&rft.au=Bill%2C+Markus%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BHobson%2C+Chad%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bill&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=300&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/300.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; aquifers; Colorado; denitrification; Eh; floodplains; fluvial features; Garfield County Colorado; geochemical cycle; ground water; isotope ratios; isotopes; levels; quantitative analysis; Rifle Colorado; S-34/S-32; samples; saturation; seasonal variations; stable isotopes; sulfate ion; sulfur; United States; variations; water table; western Colorado ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotopic insights into deep geothermal systems in the Snake River plain in southeastern Idaho AN - 1756504263; 2016-007231 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Kennedy, B Mack AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Cannon, Cody AU - Wood, Thomas AU - McLing, Travis L AU - Neupane, Ghanashyam AU - Mattson, Earl D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 589 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - southeastern Idaho KW - ground water KW - Oregon KW - geothermal systems KW - Newberry Volcano KW - carbon KW - movement KW - Idaho KW - methane KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - solutes KW - O-18/O-16 KW - alkanes KW - samples KW - geothermal energy KW - Cascade Range KW - organic compounds KW - Deschutes County Oregon KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - hydrocarbons KW - Snake River plain KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756504263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Isotopic+insights+into+deep+geothermal+systems+in+the+Snake+River+plain+in+southeastern+Idaho&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Mark+E%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BKennedy%2C+B+Mack%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BCannon%2C+Cody%3BWood%2C+Thomas%3BMcLing%2C+Travis+L%3BNeupane%2C+Ghanashyam%3BMattson%2C+Earl+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/589.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; C-13/C-12; carbon; Cascade Range; D/H; Deschutes County Oregon; geothermal energy; geothermal systems; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; Idaho; isotope ratios; isotopes; methane; movement; Newberry Volcano; O-18/O-16; Oregon; organic compounds; oxygen; samples; Snake River plain; solutes; southeastern Idaho; stable isotopes; temperature; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An experimental investigation of stress-dependent permeability and permeability hysteresis behavior in rock fractures AN - 1752579481; 2016-003434 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Huo, Da AU - Benson, Sally M Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 99 EP - 114 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - hysteresis KW - Zenifim Formation KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - calibration KW - Israel KW - thin sections KW - variations KW - velocity KW - Negev KW - Asia KW - Middle East KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - Paleozoic KW - stress KW - statistical analysis KW - roughness KW - Berea Sandstone KW - friction KW - properties KW - equations KW - measurement KW - X-ray data KW - naturally fractured reservoirs KW - computed tomography data KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=An+experimental+investigation+of+stress-dependent+permeability+and+permeability+hysteresis+behavior+in+rock+fractures&rft.au=Huo%2C+Da%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M&rft.aulast=Huo&rft.aufirst=Da&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-19 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; Berea Sandstone; calibration; computed tomography data; equations; experimental studies; fractured materials; friction; hysteresis; Israel; measurement; Middle East; natural gas; naturally fractured reservoirs; Negev; Paleozoic; permeability; petroleum; pressure; properties; roughness; statistical analysis; stress; thin sections; United States; variations; velocity; X-ray data; Zenifim Formation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paul Witherspoon and the birth of contemporary fractured rock hydrogeology AN - 1752579447; 2016-003427 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Freeze, R Allan AU - Javandel, Iraj AU - Neuman, Shlomo P Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - fractured materials KW - underground storage KW - gas storage KW - aquitards KW - biography KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal systems KW - Witherspoon, Paul KW - underground installations KW - cap rocks KW - waste disposal KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Paul+Witherspoon+and+the+birth+of+contemporary+fractured+rock+hydrogeology&rft.au=Freeze%2C+R+Allan%3BJavandel%2C+Iraj%3BNeuman%2C+Shlomo+P&rft.aulast=Freeze&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquitards; biography; cap rocks; fractured materials; gas storage; geothermal energy; geothermal systems; ground water; radioactive waste; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; Witherspoon, Paul ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying water flow and retention in an unsaturated fracture-facial domain AN - 1752579417; 2016-003439 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Nimmo, John R AU - Malek-Mohammadi, Siamak Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 169 EP - 179 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - fractured materials KW - matrix KW - fissures KW - roughness KW - unsaturated zone KW - equations KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - time scales KW - models KW - fractures KW - quantitative analysis KW - movement KW - hydrodynamics KW - applications KW - seasonal variations KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Quantifying+water+flow+and+retention+in+an+unsaturated+fracture-facial+domain&rft.au=Nimmo%2C+John+R%3BMalek-Mohammadi%2C+Siamak&rft.aulast=Nimmo&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; equations; fissures; fractured materials; fractures; ground water; hydrodynamics; matrix; models; movement; porosity; quantitative analysis; roughness; seasonal variations; time scales; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fracture flow and underground research laboratories for nuclear waste disposal and physics experiments AN - 1752579375; 2016-003429 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Wang, Joseph S Y AU - Hudson, John A Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 21 EP - 41 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - rock masses KW - processes KW - fractured materials KW - experimental studies KW - characterization KW - properties KW - research KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - laboratory studies KW - underground installations KW - waste disposal KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Fracture+flow+and+underground+research+laboratories+for+nuclear+waste+disposal+and+physics+experiments&rft.au=Wang%2C+Joseph+S+Y%3BHudson%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Joseph+S&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 192 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - characterization; design; experimental studies; fractured materials; laboratory studies; models; processes; properties; radioactive waste; research; rock masses; underground installations; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex systems approach to describing flow and transport in fractured-porous media AN - 1752579337; 2016-003428 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Benson, Sally M AU - Gale, John E AU - Molz, Fred Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 5 EP - 17 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - models KW - fractured materials KW - experimental studies KW - transport KW - movement KW - porous materials KW - applications KW - properties KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Complex+systems+approach+to+describing+flow+and+transport+in+fractured-porous+media&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+Boris%3BBenson%2C+Sally+M%3BGale%2C+John+E%3BMolz%2C+Fred&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; experimental studies; fractured materials; ground water; measurement; models; movement; porous materials; properties; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of THM processes in fractured reservoirs AN - 1752579142; 2016-003442 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Winterfeld, Philip H AU - Wu, Yu-Shu Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 229 EP - 241 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - fractured materials KW - one-dimensional models KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - elastic constants KW - simulation KW - rock mechanics KW - reservoir rocks KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - pore pressure KW - thickness KW - discretization KW - processes KW - elasticity KW - poroelasticity KW - stress KW - porous materials KW - properties KW - equations KW - bulk modulus KW - deformation KW - porosity KW - aquifers KW - models KW - gas injection KW - cap rocks KW - TOUGH2-MP KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+THM+processes+in+fractured+reservoirs&rft.au=Winterfeld%2C+Philip+H%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu&rft.aulast=Winterfeld&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bulk modulus; cap rocks; carbon dioxide; deformation; discretization; elastic constants; elasticity; equations; fractured materials; gas injection; ground water; models; natural gas; one-dimensional models; permeability; petroleum; pore pressure; poroelasticity; porosity; porous materials; processes; properties; reservoir rocks; rock mechanics; simulation; stress; thickness; TOUGH2-MP ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feasibility of long-term passive monitoring of deep hydrogeology with flowing fluid electric conductivity logging method AN - 1752579005; 2016-003431 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Sharma, Prabhakar AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Niemi, Auli AU - Bensabat, Jacob Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 53 EP - 62 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - methods KW - electrical conductivity KW - monitoring KW - electrical logging KW - carbon sequestration KW - Western Europe KW - Finland KW - well-logging KW - Europe KW - equations KW - salinity KW - variations KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - Scandinavia KW - Outokumpu Finland KW - North Karelia Finland KW - sensitivity analysis KW - velocity KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752579005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Feasibility+of+long-term+passive+monitoring+of+deep+hydrogeology+with+flowing+fluid+electric+conductivity+logging+method&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Prabhakar%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BNiemi%2C+Auli%3BBensabat%2C+Jacob&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Prabhakar&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; electrical conductivity; electrical logging; equations; Europe; field studies; Finland; ground water; methods; monitoring; North Karelia Finland; Outokumpu Finland; salinity; Scandinavia; sensitivity analysis; variations; velocity; well-logging; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling CO2 and carbon isotope dynamics in a floodplain aquifer AN - 1752578785; 2016-001668 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Arora, B AU - Conrad, M E AU - Spycher, N F AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 115 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - United States KW - respiration KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - isotopes KW - floodplains KW - unsaturated zone KW - solution KW - simulation KW - stable isotopes KW - variations KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - Colorado River KW - Rifle Colorado KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - heat flow KW - carbon KW - geothermal gradient KW - geochemistry KW - processes KW - isotope ratios KW - biochemistry KW - C-13/C-12 KW - aquifers KW - models KW - water table KW - precipitation KW - fluvial features KW - seasonal variations KW - Colorado KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Modeling+CO2+and+carbon+isotope+dynamics+in+a+floodplain+aquifer&rft.au=Arora%2C+B%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BSpycher%2C+N+F%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/115.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biochemistry; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; Colorado; Colorado River; floodplains; fluvial features; Garfield County Colorado; geochemistry; geothermal gradient; ground water; heat flow; isotope ratios; isotopes; models; precipitation; processes; quantitative analysis; respiration; Rifle Colorado; seasonal variations; simulation; solution; stable isotopes; United States; unsaturated zone; variations; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fractures as advective conduits at the Earth-atmosphere interface AN - 1752578709; 2016-003438 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Dragila, Maria Ines AU - Nachshon, Uri AU - Weisbrod, Noam Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 161 EP - 168 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - isotopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - mechanism KW - karst KW - tritium KW - radon KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - controls KW - hydrologic cycle KW - radioactive isotopes KW - materials KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - noble gases KW - carbon KW - meteorology KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - patterns KW - solutes KW - atmosphere KW - properties KW - equations KW - advection KW - gases KW - hydrogen KW - air KW - seasonal variations KW - C-14 KW - solution features KW - field studies KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Fractures+as+advective+conduits+at+the+Earth-atmosphere+interface&rft.au=Dragila%2C+Maria+Ines%3BNachshon%2C+Uri%3BWeisbrod%2C+Noam&rft.aulast=Dragila&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; air; atmosphere; C-14; carbon; carbon dioxide; controls; equations; experimental studies; field studies; fractures; gases; hydrogen; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; isotopes; karst; laboratory studies; materials; mechanism; meteorology; noble gases; patterns; processes; properties; quantitative analysis; radioactive isotopes; radon; seasonal variations; solutes; solution features; temperature; transport; tritium; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogeochemical transformations mediated by subsurface microbial communities AN - 1752578637; 2016-001745 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Banfield, Jill AU - Anantharaman, Karthik AU - Castelle, Cindy AU - Brown, Christopher AU - Hug, Laura AU - Probst, Alexander AU - Sharon, Itai AU - Hernsdorf, Alexander AU - Amano, Yuki AU - Williams, Ken AU - Thomas, Brian AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 192 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - processes KW - terrestrial environment KW - communities KW - carbon KW - biochemistry KW - geochemistry KW - genome KW - geochemical cycle KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=Biogeochemical+transformations+mediated+by+subsurface+microbial+communities&rft.au=Banfield%2C+Jill%3BAnantharaman%2C+Karthik%3BCastelle%2C+Cindy%3BBrown%2C+Christopher%3BHug%2C+Laura%3BProbst%2C+Alexander%3BSharon%2C+Itai%3BHernsdorf%2C+Alexander%3BAmano%2C+Yuki%3BWilliams%2C+Ken%3BThomas%2C+Brian%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Banfield&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/192.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; carbon; communities; genome; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; processes; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plutonium transport in soil and plants; an interdiciplinary study motivated by lysimeter experiments at the Savannah River Site AN - 1752577991; 2016-003440 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Molz, Fred AU - Demirkanli, Inci AU - Thompson, Shannon AU - Kaplan, Dan AU - Powell, Brian Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 183 EP - 208 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - United States KW - South Carolina KW - plutonium KW - complexing KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - observations KW - siderophores KW - partitioning KW - absorption KW - transport KW - velocity KW - reactive transport KW - heterogeneity KW - lysimeters KW - soils KW - processes KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - roots KW - biochemistry KW - oxidation KW - mathematical models KW - equations KW - boundary conditions KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - metals KW - Savannah River Site KW - actinides KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Plutonium+transport+in+soil+and+plants%3B+an+interdiciplinary+study+motivated+by+lysimeter+experiments+at+the+Savannah+River+Site&rft.au=Molz%2C+Fred%3BDemirkanli%2C+Inci%3BThompson%2C+Shannon%3BKaplan%2C+Dan%3BPowell%2C+Brian&rft.aulast=Molz&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; actinides; biochemistry; boundary conditions; complexing; equations; experimental studies; heterogeneity; lysimeters; mathematical models; metals; models; observations; organic compounds; oxidation; partitioning; Plantae; plutonium; processes; reactive transport; roots; saturation; Savannah River Site; siderophores; simulation; soils; South Carolina; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-resolution cryo-transmission electron microscopy of smectite AN - 1752577901; 2016-001746 JF - V.M. Goldschmidt Conference - Program and Abstracts AU - Banfield, Jill AU - Comolli, Luis AU - Gilbert, Benjamin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 193 PB - Goldschmidt Conference, [varies] VL - 25 SN - 1042-7287, 1042-7287 KW - silicates KW - processes KW - high-resolution methods KW - carbon KW - smectite KW - sheet silicates KW - electron microscopy data KW - TEM data KW - clay minerals KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.atitle=High-resolution+cryo-transmission+electron+microscopy+of+smectite&rft.au=Banfield%2C+Jill%3BComolli%2C+Luis%3BGilbert%2C+Benjamin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Banfield&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+-+Program+and+Abstracts&rft.issn=10427287&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://goldschmidt.info/2015/uploads/abstracts/finalPDFs/193.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Goldschmidt 2015 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; clay minerals; electron microscopy data; high-resolution methods; processes; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; TEM data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particle swarms in fractures AN - 1752577330; 2016-003432 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Boomsma, Eric AU - Pyrak-Nolte, Laura J Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 65 EP - 84 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - fractured materials KW - experimental studies KW - density KW - mechanism KW - techniques KW - equations KW - variations KW - geometry KW - fractures KW - materials KW - viscosity KW - particles KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Particle+swarms+in+fractures&rft.au=Boomsma%2C+Eric%3BPyrak-Nolte%2C+Laura+J&rft.aulast=Boomsma&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - density; equations; experimental studies; fractured materials; fractures; geometry; materials; mechanism; particles; techniques; variations; viscosity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamics of fluids and transport in complex fractured-porous systems AN - 1752577279; 2016-003426 JF - Geophysical Monograph Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 252 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - fractured materials KW - fractures KW - transport KW - dynamics KW - porous materials KW - fluid dynamics KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Dynamics+of+fluids+and+transport+in+complex+fractured-porous+systems&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. tables, sects., sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dynamics; fluid dynamics; fractured materials; fractures; porous materials; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental and modeling studies of episodic air-water two-phase flow in fractures and fracture networks AN - 1752577096; 2016-003441 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Wood, Thomas AU - Huang, Hai Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 209 EP - 228 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - United States KW - pumping KW - characterization KW - unsaturated zone KW - mechanism KW - Box Canyon KW - observations KW - ground water KW - eastern Idaho KW - laboratory studies KW - fractures KW - transport KW - discharge KW - processes KW - Idaho KW - experimental studies KW - air-water interface KW - Hell's Half Acre KW - two-dimensional models KW - aquifers KW - models KW - infiltration KW - wettability KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Experimental+and+modeling+studies+of+episodic+air-water+two-phase+flow+in+fractures+and+fracture+networks&rft.au=Wood%2C+Thomas%3BHuang%2C+Hai&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-water interface; aquifers; Box Canyon; characterization; discharge; eastern Idaho; experimental studies; field studies; fractures; ground water; Hell's Half Acre; Idaho; infiltration; laboratory studies; mechanism; models; observations; processes; pumping; transport; two-dimensional models; United States; unsaturated zone; wettability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of chemical osmosis on oil and gas production from fractured shale formations AN - 1752576876; 2016-003433 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Fakcharoenphol, Perapon AU - Kurtoglu, Basak AU - Kazemi, Hossein AU - Charoenwongsa, Sarinya AU - Wu, Yu-Shu Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 85 EP - 97 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - shale gas KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - salinity KW - simulation KW - production KW - cores KW - bedding KW - laboratory studies KW - upper Paleozoic KW - transport KW - alkalinity KW - shale oil KW - mass transfer KW - sedimentary structures KW - osmosis KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - Bakken Formation KW - Paleozoic KW - matrix KW - mathematical models KW - enhanced recovery KW - effects KW - properties KW - equations KW - porosity KW - models KW - planar bedding structures KW - naturally fractured reservoirs KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+chemical+osmosis+on+oil+and+gas+production+from+fractured+shale+formations&rft.au=Fakcharoenphol%2C+Perapon%3BKurtoglu%2C+Basak%3BKazemi%2C+Hossein%3BCharoenwongsa%2C+Sarinya%3BWu%2C+Yu-Shu&rft.aulast=Fakcharoenphol&rft.aufirst=Perapon&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; Bakken Formation; bedding; cores; effects; enhanced recovery; equations; experimental studies; fractured materials; laboratory studies; mass transfer; mathematical models; matrix; models; natural gas; naturally fractured reservoirs; osmosis; Paleozoic; permeability; petroleum; planar bedding structures; porosity; pressure; production; properties; salinity; sedimentary structures; shale gas; shale oil; simulation; transport; United States; upper Paleozoic ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An emergent conductivity relationship for water flow based on minimized energy dissipation; from landscapes to unsaturated soils AN - 1752576828; 2016-003436 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Liu, Hui-Hai Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 129 EP - 136 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - soils KW - processes KW - unsaturated zone KW - optimization KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - ground water KW - movement KW - steady-state processes KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - landscapes KW - energy KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=An+emergent+conductivity+relationship+for+water+flow+based+on+minimized+energy+dissipation%3B+from+landscapes+to+unsaturated+soils&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - energy; equations; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; landscapes; movement; optimization; porous materials; processes; soils; steady-state processes; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permeability of partially cemented fractures AN - 1752576639; 2016-003435 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Tsenn, Michael C Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 115 EP - 127 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - patterns KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - cementation KW - petroleum KW - mathematical models KW - calibration KW - equations KW - solution KW - simulation KW - cores KW - variations KW - radioactive waste KW - models KW - fractures KW - sampling KW - diagenesis KW - naturally fractured reservoirs KW - outcrops KW - cement KW - waste disposal KW - permeability KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Permeability+of+partially+cemented+fractures&rft.au=Tsenn%2C+Michael+C&rft.aulast=Tsenn&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; cement; cementation; cores; diagenesis; equations; fractures; mathematical models; models; naturally fractured reservoirs; numerical models; outcrops; patterns; permeability; petroleum; pressure; radioactive waste; sampling; simulation; solution; variations; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of simulated flow in a discrete fracture laboratory sample based on measured average and spatially varying hydraulic conductivity AN - 1752576339; 2016-003437 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Seok, Eunjeong AU - Gale, John E Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 137 EP - 157 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - rock masses KW - fractured materials KW - experimental studies KW - rates KW - porous materials KW - equations KW - simulation KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - laboratory studies KW - finite element analysis KW - spatial variations KW - sampling KW - movement KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+simulated+flow+in+a+discrete+fracture+laboratory+sample+based+on+measured+average+and+spatially+varying+hydraulic+conductivity&rft.au=Seok%2C+Eunjeong%3BGale%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Seok&rft.aufirst=Eunjeong&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - equations; experimental studies; finite element analysis; fractured materials; geometry; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; laboratory studies; measurement; movement; permeability; porosity; porous materials; rates; rock masses; sampling; simulation; spatial variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Permeability structure of a strike-slip fault AN - 1752576116; 2016-003430 JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Karasaki, Kenzi AU - Onishi, Celia T AU - Goto, Junichi Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 43 EP - 52 PB - Wiley for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 210 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - trenching KW - geophysical surveys KW - Central California KW - strike-slip faults KW - cores KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - California KW - drawdown KW - boreholes KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - movement KW - shear KW - surveys KW - Wildcat Fault KW - permeability KW - faults KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Permeability+structure+of+a+strike-slip+fault&rft.au=Karasaki%2C+Kenzi%3BOnishi%2C+Celia+T%3BGoto%2C+Junichi&rft.aulast=Karasaki&rft.aufirst=Kenzi&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=210&rft.issue=&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=9781118877203&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/books/geophysical-monograph-series.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. strat. cols., 1 table, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; California; Central California; cores; drawdown; faults; fractured materials; geometry; geophysical surveys; ground water; movement; permeability; San Francisco Bay region; shear; strike-slip faults; surveys; trenching; United States; Wildcat Fault ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incident Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Exercising Hypercholesterolemic Patients AN - 1746886646; PQ0002262713 AB - Exercise may be an important treatment for hypercholesterolemic patients, particularly in statin users who are at increased diabetes risk. We therefore used Cox proportional hazard analyses to compare running and walking dose (metabolic equivalent hours/day [MET-h/d]) to diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in hypercholesterolemic patients. There were 60 diabetic- and 373 CVD-related deaths during a 10.1-year mortality surveillance of 6,688 hypercholesterolemic patients. In addition, there were 177 incident nonfatal diabetes, 815 incident nonfatal hypertensions, and 323 incident nonfatal CVD events during a 6.4-year follow-up of 6,971 hypercholesterolemic patients who supplied follow-up questionnaires. Fatal and nonfatal diabetes risk decreased 26% (p = 0.002) and 19% (p less than or equal to 0.0001) per MET-h/d, respectively, and relative to <1.07 MET-h/d decreased 35% (p = 0.19) and 55% (p less than or equal to 0.0001), respectively, for 1.8 to 3.6 MET-h/d and 73% (p = 0.02) and 71% (p less than or equal to 0.0001), respectively, for greater than or equal to 3.6 MET-h/d. Fatal and nonfatal CVD risk decreased 8% (p = 0.008) and 3% (p = 0.22) per MET-h/d, respectively, and relative to <1.07 MET-h/d decreased 10% (p = 0.45) and 36% (p = 0.008) for 1.8 to 3.6 MET-h/d, respectively, and 37% (p = 0.009) and 26% (p = 0.10), respectively, for greater than or equal to 3.6 MET-h/d. Incident hypertension risk decreased 4% (p = 0.01) per MET-h/d, and relative to <1.07 MET-h/d decreased 29% (p = 0.002) for 1.8 to 3.6 MET-h/d and 31% (p = 0.001) for greater than or equal to 3.6 MET-h/d. In conclusion, running and walking for exercise lowers diabetes, hypertension, and CVD risk in hypercholesterolemic patients and should more than compensate for the purported 9% increase in diabetes risk from statin use. By preventing morbidity and mortality for a specific existing medical condition, some exercise expenses may qualify for flexible spending account expenditures in hypercholesterolemic patients when prescribed by a physician. JF - American Journal of Cardiology AU - Williams, Paul T AU - Franklin, Barry A AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California PY - 2015 SP - 1516 EP - 1520 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 116 IS - 10 SN - 0002-9149, 0002-9149 KW - Physical Education Index KW - Death KW - Running KW - Walking KW - Patients KW - Cardiorespiratory KW - Exercise KW - Diseases KW - Diabetes KW - Hypertension KW - PE 030:Exercise, Health & Physical Fitness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1746886646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Cardiology&rft.atitle=Incident+Diabetes+Mellitus%2C+Hypertension%2C+and+Cardiovascular+Disease+Risk+in+Exercising+Hypercholesterolemic+Patients&rft.au=Williams%2C+Paul+T%3BFranklin%2C+Barry+A&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Cardiology&rft.issn=00029149&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.amjcard.2015.08.011 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Death; Running; Walking; Cardiorespiratory; Patients; Diseases; Exercise; Hypertension; Diabetes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.08.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The YD onset in central and south Mexico and markers of an extraterrestrial impact AN - 1739082287; 2015-117386 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Israde-Alcantara, Isabel AU - Bischoff, James L AU - West, Allen AU - Dominguez-Vazquez, Gabriela AU - Gonzalez, Silvia AU - Firestone, Richard B AU - Bunch, Ted E AU - Kennett, James AU - Wolbach, Wendy Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 98 EP - 99 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - ice cores KW - Quaternary KW - correlation KW - impacts KW - GISP2 KW - southern Mexico KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Weichselian KW - meteorites KW - mineral composition KW - Mexico KW - Weichselian KW - central Mexico KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - Pleistocene KW - reconstruction KW - Younger Dryas KW - USGS KW - spherules KW - lake sediments KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739082287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=The+YD+onset+in+central+and+south+Mexico+and+markers+of+an+extraterrestrial+impact&rft.au=Israde-Alcantara%2C+Isabel%3BBischoff%2C+James+L%3BWest%2C+Allen%3BDominguez-Vazquez%2C+Gabriela%3BGonzalez%2C+Silvia%3BFirestone%2C+Richard+B%3BBunch%2C+Ted+E%3BKennett%2C+James%3BWolbach%2C+Wendy&rft.aulast=Israde-Alcantara&rft.aufirst=Isabel&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/10.3133%2Fofr20151092 L2 - http://pubs.er.usge.gov/browse/usgs-publi LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Sixth international limnology congress N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; central Mexico; correlation; GISP2; ice cores; impacts; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; meteorites; Mexico; mineral composition; Pleistocene; Quaternary; reconstruction; sediments; southern Mexico; spherules; upper Pleistocene; upper Weichselian; USGS; Weichselian; Younger Dryas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151092 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fault reactivation during CO sub(2) sequestration: Effects of well orientation on seismicity and leakage AN - 1732827782; PQ0002245755 AB - Injection or withdrawal of fluid at depth may trigger felt seismicity. Such human-induced seismicity is a key environmental concern related to the exploitation of natural underground resources. Thus, understanding how to avoid triggering felt earthquakes plays a crucial role in the success of underground anthropogenic activities, such as CO sub(2) geological storage. In this work, we conduct 3D simulations of injection-triggered fault reactivation, in order to investigate the effects of well geometry on seismic rupture and CO sub(2) leakage. We analyze two different cases of injection, through (1) a vertical and (2) a horizontal well. Simulation results for the vertical well show the fault pressurizing faster and more locally than for the horizontal well, resulting in a smaller seismic event. For the horizontal well, the pressure is distributed over a wider area along the fault, which requires a longer time to reactivate, but results in a larger event. Fault reactivation also produces changes in damage-zone and fault-core permeability, allowing the CO sub(2) to leak from the injection zone through overlying caprock, toward shallower depths. Although the calculated fault permeability enhancement is similar for the two cases, results show a slightly higher leakage rate for the vertical well in the region close to the well itself, while the leakage resulting from injection through the horizontal well is more widely distributed. JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology AU - Rinaldi, Antonio P AU - Vilarrasa, Victor AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Cappa, Frederic AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. PY - 2015 SP - 645 EP - 656 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Baffins Lane Chichester W. Sussex PO19 1UD United Kingdom VL - 5 IS - 5 SN - 2152-3878, 2152-3878 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Earthquakes KW - Leakage KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Simulation KW - Environmental perception KW - Storage KW - Permeability KW - Seismic activity KW - Geology KW - Human factors KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Greenhouse gases KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1732827782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Fault+reactivation+during+CO+sub%282%29+sequestration%3A+Effects+of+well+orientation+on+seismicity+and+leakage&rft.au=Rinaldi%2C+Antonio+P%3BVilarrasa%2C+Victor%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BCappa%2C+Frederic&rft.aulast=Rinaldi&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=645&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Greenhouse+Gases%3A+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=21523878&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fghg.1511 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Earthquakes; Permeability; Leakage; Anthropogenic factors; Seismic activity; Simulation; Geology; Human factors; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide; Environmental perception DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ghg.1511 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aromaticity and degree of aromatic condensation of char AN - 1707521472; 2015-083768 AB - The aromatic carbon structure is a defining property of chars and is often expressed with the help of two concepts: (i) aromaticity and (ii) degree of aromatic condensation. The varying extent of these two features is assumed to largely determine the relatively high persistence of charred material in the environment and is thus of interest for, e.g., biochar characterization or carbon cycle studies. Consequently, a variety of methods has been used to assess the aromatic structure of chars, which has led to interesting insights but has complicated the comparison of data acquired with different methods. We therefore used a suite of seven methods (elemental analysis, MIR spectroscopy, NEXAFS spectroscopy, (super 13) C NMR spectroscopy, BPCA analysis, lipid analysis and helium pycnometry) and compared 13 measurements from them using a diverse sample set of 38 laboratory chars. Our results demonstrate that most of the measurements could be categorized either into those which assess aromaticity or those which assess the degree of aromatic condensation. A variety of measurements, including relatively inexpensive and simple ones, reproducibly captured the two aromatic features in question, and data from different methods could therefore be compared. Moreover, general patterns between the two aromatic features and the pyrolysis conditions were revealed, supporting reconstruction of the highest heat treatment temperature (HTT) of char. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Organic Geochemistry AU - Wiedemeier, Daniel B AU - Abiven, Samuel AU - Hockaday, William C AU - Keiluweit, Marco AU - Kleber, Markus AU - Masiello, Caroline A AU - McBeath, Anna V AU - Nico, Peter S AU - Pyle, Lacey A AU - Schneider, Maximilian P W AU - Smernik, Ronald J AU - Wiesenberg, Guido L B AU - Schmidt, Michael W I Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 135 EP - 143 PB - Elsevier VL - 78 SN - 0146-6380, 0146-6380 KW - charcoal KW - lipids KW - condensation KW - stability KW - NMR spectra KW - infrared spectra KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - pyrolysis KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - EXAFS data KW - spectra KW - carbon cycle KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707521472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Aromaticity+and+degree+of+aromatic+condensation+of+char&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Daniel+B%3BAbiven%2C+Samuel%3BHockaday%2C+William+C%3BKeiluweit%2C+Marco%3BKleber%2C+Markus%3BMasiello%2C+Caroline+A%3BMcBeath%2C+Anna+V%3BNico%2C+Peter+S%3BPyle%2C+Lacey+A%3BSchneider%2C+Maximilian+P+W%3BSmernik%2C+Ronald+J%3BWiesenberg%2C+Guido+L+B%3BSchmidt%2C+Michael+W+I&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=01466380&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.orggeochem.2014.10.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01466380 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; carbon; carbon cycle; charcoal; condensation; EXAFS data; geochemical cycle; hydrocarbons; infrared spectra; lipids; NMR spectra; organic compounds; pyrolysis; spectra; stability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.10.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel Apo E-Derived ABCA1 Agonist Peptide (CS-6253) Promotes Reverse Cholesterol Transport and Induces Formation of preβ-1 HDL In Vitro. AN - 1699491879; 26207756 AB - Apolipoprotein (apo) mimetic peptides replicate some aspects of HDL function. We have previously reported the effects of compound ATI-5261 on its ability to replicate many functions of native apo A-I in the process of HDL biogenesis. ATI-5261 induced muscle toxicity in wild type C57Bl/6 mice, increased CPK, ALT and AST and increase in triglyceride (Tg) levels. Aromatic phenylalanine residues on the non-polar face of ATI-5261, together with positively charged arginine residues at the lipid-water interface were responsible for these effects. This information was used to create a novel analog (CS-6253) that was non-toxic. We evaluated this peptide designed from the carboxyl terminus of apo E, in its ability to mimic apo A-I functionality. Our data shows that the lipidated particles generated by incubating cells overexpressing ABCA1 with lipid free CS-6253 enhances the rate of ABCA1 lipid efflux with high affinity interactions with native ABCA1 oligomeric forms and plasma membrane micro-domains. Interaction between ABCA1 and lipid free CS-6253 resulted in formation of nascent HDL-CS-6253 particles that are actively remodeled in plasma. Mature HDL-CS-6253 particles deliver cholesterol to liver cells via SR-BI in-vitro. CS-6253 significantly increases cholesterol efflux in murine macrophages and in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells expressing ABCA1. Addition of CS-6253 to plasma dose-dependently displaced apo A-I from α-HDL particles and led to de novo formation of preβ-1 HDL that stimulates ABCA1 dependent cholesterol efflux efficiently. When incubated with human plasma CS-6253 was also found to bind with HDL and LDL and promoted the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL predominantly. Our data shows that CS-6253 mimics apo A-I in its ability to promote ABCA1-mediated formation of nascent HDL particles, and enhances formation of preβ-1 HDL with increase in the cycling of apo A-I between the preβ and α-HDL particles in-vitro. These mechanisms are potentially anti-atherogenic. JF - PloS one AU - Hafiane, Anouar AU - Bielicki, John K AU - Johansson, Jan O AU - Genest, Jacques AD - Cardiovascular Research Laboratories Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H4A 3J1, Canada. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Donner Laboratory, MS1-267, Berkeley, CA, United States of America. ; Artery Therapeutics, San Ramon, CA, United States of America. Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1 VL - 10 IS - 7 KW - ATI-5261 KW - 0 KW - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 KW - Antigens, CD36 KW - Apolipoprotein A-I KW - Apolipoproteins E KW - CS-6253 KW - High-Density Lipoproteins, Pre-beta KW - Peptides KW - Phospholipids KW - Cholesterol KW - 97C5T2UQ7J KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Antigens, CD36 -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Phospholipids -- metabolism KW - Cell Line, Tumor KW - Biological Transport -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Foam Cells -- metabolism KW - Apolipoprotein A-I -- metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Time Factors KW - Cell Line KW - Male KW - Macrophages -- metabolism KW - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 -- metabolism KW - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 -- genetics KW - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 -- agonists KW - Apolipoproteins E -- metabolism KW - Cholesterol -- metabolism KW - Peptides -- metabolism KW - Peptides -- pharmacology KW - High-Density Lipoproteins, Pre-beta -- metabolism KW - Apolipoproteins E -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1699491879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PloS+one&rft.atitle=Novel+Apo+E-Derived+ABCA1+Agonist+Peptide+%28CS-6253%29+Promotes+Reverse+Cholesterol+Transport+and+Induces+Formation+of+pre%CE%B2-1+HDL+In+Vitro.&rft.au=Hafiane%2C+Anouar%3BBielicki%2C+John+K%3BJohansson%2C+Jan+O%3BGenest%2C+Jacques&rft.aulast=Hafiane&rft.aufirst=Anouar&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=e0131997&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PloS+one&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0131997 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-05-10 N1 - Date created - 2015-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - 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[20425244] J Lipid Res. 2010 Jun;51(6):1496-503 [20075422] Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2010 Jun;298(6):C1538-48 [20219948] J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Jun 15;55(24):2727-35 [20538165] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Aug;334(2):634-41 [20484557] Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2010 Feb;20(2):50-3 [20656215] J Lipid Res. 2011 Nov;52(11):2043-55 [21846716] Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Mar;1821(3):522-9 [21920460] J Lipid Res. 2012 Sep;53(9):1890-909 [22750655] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131997 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Silico Analysis of the Metabolic Potential and Niche Specialization of Candidate Phylum "Latescibacteria" (WS3). AN - 1686410133; 26039074 AB - The "Latescibacteria" (formerly WS3), member of the Fibrobacteres-Chlorobi-Bacteroidetes (FCB) superphylum, represents a ubiquitous candidate phylum found in terrestrial, aquatic, and marine ecosystems. Recently, single-cell amplified genomes (SAGs) representing the "Latescibacteria" were obtained from the anoxic monimolimnion layers of Sakinaw Lake (British Columbia, Canada), and anoxic sediments of a coastal lagoon (Etoliko lagoon, Western Greece). Here, we present a detailed in-silico analysis of the four SAGs to gain some insights on their metabolic potential and apparent ecological roles. Metabolic reconstruction suggests an anaerobic fermentative mode of metabolism, as well as the capability to degrade multiple polysaccharides and glycoproteins that represent integral components of green (Charophyta and Chlorophyta) and brown (Phaeophycaea) algae cell walls (pectin, alginate, ulvan, fucan, hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins), storage molecules (starch and trehalose), and extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). The analyzed SAGs also encode dedicated transporters for the uptake of produced sugars and amino acids/oligopeptides, as well as an extensive machinery for the catabolism of all transported sugars, including the production of a bacterial microcompartment (BMC) to sequester propionaldehyde, a toxic intermediate produced during fucose and rhamnose metabolism. Finally, genes for the formation of gas vesicles, flagella, type IV pili, and oxidative stress response were found, features that could aid in cellular association with algal detritus. Collectively, these results indicate that the analyzed "Latescibacteria" mediate the turnover of multiple complex organic polymers of algal origin that reach deeper anoxic/microoxic habitats in lakes and lagoons. The implications of such process on our understanding of niche specialization in microbial communities mediating organic carbon turnover in stratified water bodies are discussed. JF - PloS one AU - Youssef, Noha H AU - Farag, Ibrahim F AU - Rinke, Christian AU - Hallam, Steven J AU - Woyke, Tanja AU - Elshahed, Mostafa S AD - Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America. ; DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, United States of America. ; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Y1 - 2015 PY - 2015 DA - 2015 SP - 1 VL - 10 IS - 6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bacteroidetes -- metabolism KW - Metabolome KW - Computer Simulation KW - Bacteroidetes -- classification KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686410133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PloS+one&rft.atitle=In+Silico+Analysis+of+the+Metabolic+Potential+and+Niche+Specialization+of+Candidate+Phylum+%22Latescibacteria%22+%28WS3%29.&rft.au=Youssef%2C+Noha+H%3BFarag%2C+Ibrahim+F%3BRinke%2C+Christian%3BHallam%2C+Steven+J%3BWoyke%2C+Tanja%3BElshahed%2C+Mostafa+S&rft.aulast=Youssef&rft.aufirst=Noha&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e0127499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PloS+one&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0127499 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-02-22 N1 - Date created - 2015-06-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan;42(Database issue):D503-9 [24157837] Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan;42(Database issue):D199-205 [24214961] Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan;42(Database issue):D459-71 [24225315] Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan;42(Database issue):D251-8 [24225317] Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan;42(Database issue):D490-5 [24270786] Sci Rep. 2014;4:3957 [24492458] PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e87353 [24498082] Nature. 2014 Feb 6;506(7486):58-62 [24476823] PLoS One. 2014;9(3):e92139 [24637619] Plant Physiol. 2014 May;165(1):105-18 [24652345] FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2007 Jun;60(3):467-76 [17391329] BMC Bioinformatics. 2007;8:209 [17577412] Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol. 2007 Nov-Dec;43(6):635-52 [18173105] Trends Biotechnol. 2008 Mar;26(3):126-31 [18221809] Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2008 Jun;72(2):301-16, table of contents [18535148] Trends Plant Sci. 2008 Nov;13(11):574-82 [18824400] Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Oct 15;44(20):7756-8 [20804137] Biochimie. 2010 Dec;92(12):1895-907 [20696204] J Biol Chem. 2011 Feb 18;286(7):5143-50 [21149454] Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2011;62:567-90 [21351878] Mar Drugs. 2011;9(2):196-223 [21566795] J Bacteriol. 2011 Sep;193(17):4307-16 [21725012] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Oct;77(19):6780-7 [21821755] FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2011 Dec;78(3):586-603 [22066565] J Biol Chem. 2011 Dec 9;286(49):42063-71 [22009751] PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e30559 [22303444] ISME J. 2012 Mar;6(3):610-8 [22134646] Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Jul;40(Web Server issue):W445-51 [22645317] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2012 Oct;10(10):705-15 [22941504] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Oct;78(20):7173-84 [22865078] BMC Genomics. 2012;13:321 [22812459] Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 Jan;41(Database issue):D590-6 [23193283] Planta. 2013 Jan;237(1):239-53 [23011569] PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54337 [23382892] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Apr 2;110(14):5540-5 [23509275] J Biol Chem. 2013 Apr 5;288(14):9721-8 [23413032] Bioresour Technol. 2013 May;135:232-8 [22985826] J Bacteriol. 2003 Sep;185(17):5086-95 [12923081] Carbohydr Res. 1990 Jan 15;195(2):157-67 [2331699] Microbiol Rev. 1994 Mar;58(1):94-144 [8177173] J Biol Chem. 1998 Oct 2;273(40):25560-4 [9748219] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Oct;64(10):3869-77 [9758812] Extremophiles. 2006 Jun;10(3):199-211 [16465452] FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2006 Dec;58(3):550-62 [17117996] PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e99949 [24923965] ISME J. 2014 Jul;8(7):1492-502 [24522261] ISME J. 2014 Jul;8(7):1452-63 [24621521] Bioresour Technol. 2014 Aug;166:103-11 [24907569] Nat Rev Microbiol. 2014 Oct;12(10):686-98 [25134618] PLoS Comput Biol. 2014 Oct;10(10):e1003898 [25340524] Water Res. 2014 Dec 1;66:53-62 [25189477] ISME J. 2015 Feb;9(2):447-60 [25083931] Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2003 Jun;16(6):536-44 [12795379] Clin Microbiol Rev. 2002 Apr;15(2):155-66 [11932228] Res Microbiol. 2013 Jul-Aug;164(6):640-54 [23542428] Nature. 2013 Jul 25;499(7459):431-7 [23851394] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Nov;79(21):6813-22 [23995932] MBio. 2013;4(5):e00708-13 [24149512] ISME J. 2013 Dec;7(12):2287-300 [23842652] Mol Biol Evol. 2013 Dec;30(12):2725-9 [24132122] Biotechnol Adv. 2009 Jul-Aug;27(4):409-16 [19289163] Carbohydr Res. 2009 Sep 8;344(13):1670-5 [19616199] FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2004 Feb 1;47(2):235-47 [19712338] Ann Bot. 2009 Nov;104(6):1045-56 [19696037] Science. 2010 Jan 8;327(5962):167-70 [20056882] BMC Bioinformatics. 2009;10:421 [20003500] Microb Ecol. 2010 Feb;59(2):284-95 [19705193] Protoplasma. 2010 Jul;243(1-4):25-38 [19340523] New Phytol. 2010 Oct;188(1):82-97 [20618907] J Am Chem Soc. 2007 Mar 28;129(12):3462-3 [17335281] Biotechnol Adv. 2007 May-Jun;25(3):294-306 [17350212] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Apr 24;104(17):7116-21 [17438286] Microb Ecol. 2007 May;53(4):683-99 [17264999] Geobiology. 2008 Dec;6(5):450-60 [19076636] Glycobiology. 2009 Mar;19(3):212-28 [18832454] Extremophiles. 2009 Mar;13(2):321-31 [19109691] FEBS Lett. 2009 Apr 17;583(8):1323-6 [19306878] Mar Drugs. 2013 Jun;11(6):1977-98 [23752354] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jun 25;110(26):E2390-9 [23754396] Sci Rep. 2013;3:3554 [24352146] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127499 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved workflow for 3D inverse modeling of magnetotelluric data; examples from five geothermal systems AN - 1680752942; 2015-041382 AB - Magnetotellurics (MT) is now an important geophysical tool for imaging complex geothermal energy systems, but retrieving realistic three-dimensional (3D) resistivity models is challenging, and computationally intensive. To ameliorate this situation, we develop a sequenced MT inversion workflow that formalizes and improves upon concepts introduced by Rosenkjaer and Oldenberg (2012). We test the performance and reliability of our workflow using five 3D MT datasets from geothermal fields in the United States (Coso, Raft River) and Iceland (Krafla, Hengill and Krysuvik). We compare inversion results from the standard and sequenced workflows for each experiment, and find that the sequenced workflow always retrieves a better-fitting model, specifically at lower frequencies, which is geologically consistent and representative of a high temperature geothermal system. It also uses fewer computational resources. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Lindsey, Nathaniel J AU - Newman, Gregory A Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 527 EP - 532 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 53 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - Idaho KW - Western Europe KW - Hengill Field KW - three-dimensional models KW - Coso Hot Springs KGRA KW - geophysical methods KW - Europe KW - resistivity KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - Krysuvik Field KW - geothermal energy KW - California KW - geothermal fields KW - Inyo County California KW - Raft River KW - Krafla Field KW - Reykjanes Peninsula KW - Iceland KW - Raft River Field KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680752942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Improved+workflow+for+3D+inverse+modeling+of+magnetotelluric+data%3B+examples+from+five+geothermal+systems&rft.au=Lindsey%2C+Nathaniel+J%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.aufirst=Nathaniel&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2014.09.004 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Coso Hot Springs KGRA; Europe; geophysical methods; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; Hengill Field; Iceland; Idaho; Inyo County California; Krafla Field; Krysuvik Field; magnetotelluric methods; Raft River; Raft River Field; resistivity; Reykjanes Peninsula; three-dimensional models; United States; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.09.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fully coupled wellbore-reservoir modeling of geothermal heat extraction using CO sub(2) as the working fluid AN - 1673389849; PQ0001169361 AB - We consider using CO sub(2) as an alternative to water as a working fluid to produce geothermal electricity through the application of a coupled reservoir, wellbore, and surface power-plant model. Our approach has relaxed some of the simplifying assumptions others have made in previous work, through the application of a subsurface reservoir model fully coupled with a detailed wellbore simulator. We also include a simplified representation of CO sub(2) turbomachinery for a surface plant optimized for direct use of super-critical CO sub(2). The wellbore model includes heat transfer between the fluid in the well and the surrounding formation, in addition to frictional, inertial, and gravitational forces. Our results show that thermophysical operating conditions and the amount of power production are greatly influenced by wellbore flow processes and by wellbore/caprock heat transfer. We investigate competing effects that control development of a thermosiphon, which enables production of geothermal electricity without the need for a continuously operating external pump. JF - Geothermics AU - Pan, Lehua AU - Freifeld, Barry AU - Doughty, Christine AU - Zakem, Steven AU - Sheu, Ming AU - Cutright, Bruce AU - Terrall, Tracy AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States, lpan@lbl.gov Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 100 EP - 113 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 53 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Geothermal electricity KW - Thermosiphon KW - CO2 KW - Coupled numerical simulation KW - Enhanced geothermal system KW - Electric power generation KW - Pumps KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Reservoirs KW - Heat transfer KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673389849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Fully+coupled+wellbore-reservoir+modeling+of+geothermal+heat+extraction+using+CO+sub%282%29+as+the+working+fluid&rft.au=Pan%2C+Lehua%3BFreifeld%2C+Barry%3BDoughty%2C+Christine%3BZakem%2C+Steven%3BSheu%2C+Ming%3BCutright%2C+Bruce%3BTerrall%2C+Tracy&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Lehua&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2014.05.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electric power generation; Pumps; Carbon dioxide; Reservoirs; Heat transfer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.05.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dimethyl sulfide in the Amazon rain forest AN - 1664203827; PQ0001180176 AB - Surface-to-atmosphere emissions of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) may impact global climate through the formation of gaseous sulfuric acid, which can yield secondary sulfate aerosols and contribute to new particle formation. While oceans are generally considered the dominant sources of DMS, a shortage of ecosystem observations prevents an accurate analysis of terrestrial DMS sources. Using mass spectrometry, we quantified ambient DMS mixing ratios within and above a primary rainforest ecosystem in the central Amazon Basin in real-time (2010-2011) and at high vertical resolution (2013-2014). Elevated but highly variable DMS mixing ratios were observed within the canopy, showing clear evidence of a net ecosystem source to the atmosphere during both day and night in both the dry and wet seasons. Periods of high DMS mixing ratios lasting up to 8h (up to 160parts per trillion (ppt)) often occurred within the canopy and near the surface during many evenings and nights. Daytime gradients showed mixing ratios (up to 80ppt) peaking near the top of the canopy as well as near the ground following a rain event. The spatial and temporal distribution of DMS suggests that ambient levels and their potential climatic impacts are dominated by local soil and plant emissions. A soil source was confirmed by measurements of DMS emission fluxes from Amazon soils as a function of temperature and soil moisture. Furthermore, light- and temperature-dependent DMS emissions were measured from seven tropical tree species. Our study has important implications for understanding terrestrial DMS sources and their role in coupled land-atmosphere climate feedbacks. Key Points * Vertical atmospheric gradients of DMS characterized in the central Amazon * Enclosure and atmospheric studies indicate both soil and vegetation sources * Results suggest important climate impact(s) via aerosol and cloud processes JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Jardine, K AU - Yanez-Serrano, A M AU - Williams, J AU - Kunert, N AU - Jardine, A AU - Taylor, T AU - Abrell, L AU - Artaxo, P AU - Guenther, A AU - Hewitt, C N AU - House, E AU - Florentino AU - Manzi, A AU - Higuchi, N AU - Kesselmeier, J AU - Behrendt, T AU - Veres, PR AU - Derstroff, B AU - Fuentes, J D AU - Martin, ST AU - Andreae, MO AD - Climate Science Department, Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 19 EP - 32 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ United States VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Ecosystems KW - Trees KW - Basins KW - Soil temperature KW - Atmosphere KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Sulphides KW - Yield KW - Rain forests KW - Daytime KW - Rainy season KW - Soils KW - Sulfuric acid KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Feedback KW - Mixing ratio KW - Canopies KW - Sulfuric Acid KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Dimethyl sulfide KW - Aerosols KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Climates KW - Sulfides KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Vegetation KW - Sulfate KW - Clouds KW - Oceans KW - Rain KW - Soil moisture KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664203827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Dimethyl+sulfide+in+the+Amazon+rain+forest&rft.au=Jardine%2C+K%3BYanez-Serrano%2C+A+M%3BWilliams%2C+J%3BKunert%2C+N%3BJardine%2C+A%3BTaylor%2C+T%3BAbrell%2C+L%3BArtaxo%2C+P%3BGuenther%2C+A%3BHewitt%2C+C+N%3BHouse%2C+E%3BFlorentino%3BManzi%2C+A%3BHiguchi%2C+N%3BKesselmeier%2C+J%3BBehrendt%2C+T%3BVeres%2C+PR%3BDerstroff%2C+B%3BFuentes%2C+J+D%3BMartin%2C+ST%3BAndreae%2C+MO&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014GB004969 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Sulphides; Aerosols; Rainy season; Biogeochemistry; Soils; Ocean-atmosphere system; Mixing ratio; Canopies; Dimethyl sulfide; Trees; Climate; Soil temperature; Basins; Vegetation; Atmosphere; Mass spectroscopy; Sulfate; Clouds; Rain forests; Daytime; Oceans; Sulfuric acid; Feedback; Rain; Soil moisture; Sulfuric Acid; Yield; Ecosystems; Sulfides; Climates; Temperature; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GB004969 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micronucleus formation in human keratinocytes is dependent on radiation quality and tissue architecture AN - 1660429930; PQ0001048581 AB - The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) assay was used to assess the genotoxicity of low doses of different types of space radiation. Normal human primary keratinocytes and immortalized keratinocytes grown in 2D monolayers each were exposed to graded doses of 0.3 or 1.0 GeV/n silicon ions or similar energies of iron ions. The frequencies of induced MN were determined and compared to gamma -ray data. RBE sub(max) values ranged from 1.6 to 3.9 for primary keratinocytes and from 2.4 to 6.3 for immortalized keratinocytes. At low radiation doses less than or equal to 0.4 Gy, 0.3 GeV/n iron ions were the most effective at inducing MN in normal keratinocytes. An "over-kill effect" was observed for 0.3 GeV/n iron ions at higher doses, wherein 1.0 GeV/n iron ions were most efficient in inducing MN. In immortalized keratinocytes, 0.3 GeV/n iron ions produced MN with greater frequency than 1.0 GeV/n iron ions, except at the highest dose tested. MN formation was higher in immortalized keratinocytes than in normal keratinocytes for all doses and radiation qualities investigated. MN induction was also assessed in human keratinocytes cultured in 3D to simulate the complex architecture of human skin. RBE values for MN formation in 3D were reduced for normal keratinocytes exposed to iron ions, but were elevated for immortalized keratinocytes. Overall, MN induction was significantly lower in keratinocytes cultured in 3D than in 2D. Together, the results suggest that tissue architecture and immortalization status modulate the genotoxic response to space radiation, perhaps via alterations in DNA repair fidelity. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 56:22-31, 2015. copyright 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Snijders, Antoine M AU - Mannion, Brandon J AU - Leung, Stanley G AU - Moon, Sol C AU - Kronenberg, Amy AU - Wiese, Claudia AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California. Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - Jan 2015 SP - 22 EP - 31 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 56 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Tissues KW - Mutagens KW - Silicon KW - Mutagenesis KW - Radiation KW - gamma Radiation KW - Keratinocytes KW - Manganese KW - Immortalization KW - Ions KW - Data processing KW - Skin KW - Genotoxicity KW - DNA repair KW - Fidelity KW - Energy KW - DNA KW - Iron KW - X 24360:Metals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1660429930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Micronucleus+formation+in+human+keratinocytes+is+dependent+on+radiation+quality+and+tissue+architecture&rft.au=Snijders%2C+Antoine+M%3BMannion%2C+Brandon+J%3BLeung%2C+Stanley+G%3BMoon%2C+Sol+C%3BKronenberg%2C+Amy%3BWiese%2C+Claudia&rft.aulast=Snijders&rft.aufirst=Antoine&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fem.21887 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Mutagens; Silicon; Skin; Data processing; Genotoxicity; DNA repair; Mutagenesis; Fidelity; Radiation; Energy; gamma Radiation; Keratinocytes; Manganese; Iron; Immortalization; Tissues; DNA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.21887 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Northwest Geysers EGS demonstration project, California; pre-stimulation modeling and interpretation of the stimulation AN - 1656039755; 2015-017318 AB - The Northwest Geysers Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) demonstration project aims to create an EGS by directly and systematically injecting cool water at relatively low pressure into a known High Temperature (280-400 degrees C) Zone (HTZ) located under the conventional (240 degrees C) geothermal steam reservoir at The Geysers geothermal field in California. In this paper, the results of coupled thermal, hydraulic, and mechanical (THM) analyses made using a model developed as part of the pre-stimulation phase of the EGS demonstration project is presented. The model simulations were conducted in order to investigate injection strategies and the resulting effects of cold-water injection upon the EGS system; in particular to predict the extent of the stimulation zone for a given injection schedule. The actual injection began on October 6, 2011, and in this paper a comparison of pre-stimulation model predictions with micro-earthquake (MEQ) monitoring data over the first few months of a one-year injection program is presented. The results show that, by using a calibrated THM model based on historic injection and MEQ data at a nearby well, the predicted extent of the stimulation zone (defined as a zone of high MEQ density around the injection well) compares well with observed seismicity. The modeling indicates that the MEQ events are related to shear reactivation of preexisting fractures, which is triggered by the combined effects of injection-induced cooling around the injection well and small changes in steam pressure as far as half a kilometer away from the injection well. Pressure-monitoring data at adjacent wells and satellite-based ground-surface deformation data were also used to validate and further calibrate reservoir-scale hydraulic and mechanical model properties. The pressure signature monitored from the start of the injection was particularly useful for a precise back-calculation of reservoir porosity. The first few months of reservoir pressure and surface deformation data were useful for estimating the reservoir-rock permeability and elastic modulus. Finally, although the extent of the calculated stimulation zone matches the field observations over the first few months of injection, the observed surface deformations and MEQ evolution showed more heterogeneous behavior as a result of more complex geology, including minor faults and fracture zones that are important for consideration in the analysis of energy production and the long-term evolution of the EGS system. Copyright 2015 International Association for Mathematical Geosciences and 2013 The Author(s) JF - Mathematical Geosciences AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Oldenburg, Curtis M AU - Vasco, Donald W AU - Walters, Mark AU - Horne, Roland N AU - Li, Kewen Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 3 EP - 29 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 1874-8961, 1874-8961 KW - United States KW - hydraulics KW - well stimulation KW - hornfels KW - igneous rocks KW - granites KW - coupling KW - temperature KW - California KW - fluid injection KW - sedimentary rocks KW - plutonic rocks KW - geothermal systems KW - seismicity KW - SAR KW - metamorphic rocks KW - mechanics KW - graywacke KW - felsite KW - enhanced geothermal systems KW - radar methods KW - mathematical models KW - deformation KW - satellite methods KW - porosity KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - cap rocks KW - Lake County California KW - InSAR KW - cold water injection KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - high temperature KW - remote sensing KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656039755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Geosciences&rft.atitle=The+Northwest+Geysers+EGS+demonstration+project%2C+California%3B+pre-stimulation+modeling+and+interpretation+of+the+stimulation&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BGarcia%2C+Julio%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BJeanne%2C+Pierre%3BOldenburg%2C+Curtis+M%3BVasco%2C+Donald+W%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BHorne%2C+Roland+N%3BLi%2C+Kewen&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=Jonny&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+Geosciences&rft.issn=18748961&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11004-013-9493-y L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/121014/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 1 table, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; cap rocks; clastic rocks; cold water injection; coupling; deformation; enhanced geothermal systems; felsite; fluid injection; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; granites; graywacke; high temperature; hornfels; hydraulics; igneous rocks; InSAR; Lake County California; mathematical models; mechanics; metamorphic rocks; permeability; plutonic rocks; porosity; radar methods; remote sensing; SAR; satellite methods; sedimentary rocks; seismicity; temperature; The Geysers; United States; well stimulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11004-013-9493-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Processes controlling delta (super 7) Li in rivers illuminated by study of streams and groundwaters draining basalts AN - 1656037134; 2015-013779 AB - We evaluate the factors influencing the abundance, [Li], and isotopic composition of riverine Li delivered to the oceans through analyses and modeling of [Li] and delta (super 7) Li in streams and groundwaters draining a single continental lithology, the Columbia River Basalts (CRBs). The streams were sampled in different climate zones that lie east (dry), and west (wet) of the Cascades Mountains, and during two different seasons (summer and late winter) in order to evaluate climatic and seasonal influences on Li isotopes in rivers. Dissolved Li (delta (super 7) Li (sub dis) + 9.3 to +30.4) is systematically heavier than that of fresh or weathered CRBs (-4.7 to +6.0, Liu et al., 2013), suspended loads (-5.9 to -0.3), and shallow groundwaters (+6.7 to +9.4), consistent with previous studies showing that Li isotope fractionation is affected by equilibration between stream water and secondary minerals. However, the lack of correlation between delta (super 7) Li (sub dis) and climate zone, the uniform secondary minerals and bedrock, coupled with the highly variable (> 20 ppm) delta (super 7) Li (sub dis) indicate that other factors exert a strong control on delta (super 7) Li (sub dis) . In particular, the heavier Li in streams compared to the shallow groundwaters that feed them indicates that continued isotopic fractionation between stream water and suspended and/or bed loads has a major influence on riverine delta (super 7) Li. Seasonal delta (super 7) Li variation is observed only for streams west of the Cascades, where the difference in precipitation rate between the dry and wet seasons is greatest. Reactive transport model simulations reveal that riverine delta (super 7) Li is strongly controlled by subsurface residence times and the Li isotope fractionation occurring within rivers. The latter explains why there is no positive correlation between delta (super 7) Li and traditional weathering proxies such as Si or normalized Si in rivers, as riverine Li isotope fractionation drives delta (super 7) Li to higher values during transport, whereas the concentrations of major cations and anions are diluted. The varying residence time for groundwaters feeding the western streams in summer (long residence times, higher delta (super 7) Li, greater weathering) and winter (short residence times, lower delta (super 7) Li, less weathering) explains the observed seasonal variations. A global, negative correlation between delta (super 7) Li and Li/Na for streams and rivers draining basaltic catchments reflects the overall transport time, hence the amount of silicate weathering. Based on our results, the increase of delta (super 7) Li in seawater during the Cenozoic is unlikely related to changing climate, but may reflect mountain building giving rise to increased silicate weathering. Abstract Copyright (2015) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Liu, Xiao-Ming AU - Wanner, Christoph AU - Rudnick, Roberta L AU - McDonough, William F Y1 - 2015/01/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 01 SP - 212 EP - 224 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 409 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - United States KW - climatic controls KW - sea water KW - volcanic rocks KW - isotopes KW - igneous rocks KW - rivers and streams KW - suspended materials KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - Cenozoic KW - Oregon KW - major elements KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - denudation KW - basalts KW - tracers KW - reactive transport KW - hydrodynamics KW - Li-7/Li-6 KW - hydrology KW - chemical weathering KW - Washington KW - lithium KW - isotope ratios KW - Columbia River Basalt Group KW - alkali metals KW - sodium KW - weathering KW - Miocene KW - models KW - Tertiary KW - Neogene KW - metals KW - residence time KW - seasonal variations KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656037134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Processes+controlling+delta+%28super+7%29+Li+in+rivers+illuminated+by+study+of+streams+and+groundwaters+draining+basalts&rft.au=Liu%2C+Xiao-Ming%3BWanner%2C+Christoph%3BRudnick%2C+Roberta+L%3BMcDonough%2C+William+F&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Xiao-Ming&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=409&rft.issue=&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2014.10.032 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - EPSLA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; basalts; Cenozoic; chemical weathering; climatic controls; Columbia River Basalt Group; denudation; ground water; hydrodynamics; hydrology; igneous rocks; isotope ratios; isotopes; Li-7/Li-6; lithium; major elements; metals; Miocene; models; Neogene; Oregon; reactive transport; residence time; rivers and streams; sea water; seasonal variations; sodium; stable isotopes; suspended materials; Tertiary; tracers; transport; United States; volcanic rocks; Washington; water-rock interaction; weathering DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.10.032 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct evidence of gradient Mn(II) evolution at charged states in LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) electrodes with capacity fading AN - 1655744003; PQ0001063796 AB - Mn evolution has long been considered critical for understanding the capacity fading of spinel electrodes in batteries. However, the detailed mechanism is still under debate; chemical evolution and distribution of the detrimental Mn is yet to be experimentally clarified. Here we perform a comparative soft X-ray absorption spectroscopic study on two batches of LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) with the same bulk spinel phase, but different electrochemical performance. By virtue of the sensitivity of soft X-ray to the transition-metal 3d states and oxygen 2p states, evolutions of Ni, Mn, and O in LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) are compared between the two batches of electrodes. In the LiNi sub(0.5)Mn sub(1.5)O sub(4) with fast capacity fading, Mn super(2+) is evidently observed in the initial charge cycle. Strikingly, the Mn super(2+) content is notably high at the fully charged state. This sharply contradicts the conventional wisdom that Mn super(2+) evolves from a disproportional reaction favored in the discharged state. Additionally, the shallow probe depth of soft X-ray spectroscopy enables another finding that Mn super(2+) manifests itself mostly on the side of the electrode facing separator. Our comparative study provides direct experimental evidence on the association between Mn super(2+) and performance failure. It strongly suggests that Mn super(2+) formation is mostly determined by electrode-electrolyte surface reactions, instead of disproportional reactions. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Qiao, Ruimin AU - Wang, Yuesheng AU - Olalde-Velasco, Paul AU - Li, Hong AU - Hu, Yong-Sheng AU - Yang, Wanli AD - Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, yshu@aphy.iphy.ac.cn Y1 - 2015/01/01/ PY - 2015 DA - 2015 Jan 01 SP - 1120 EP - 1126 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 273 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 KW - Lithium ion battery KW - Electrolyte degradation KW - Manganese dissolution KW - Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy KW - Oxygen KW - Sensitivity KW - Comparative studies KW - Batteries KW - Electrodes KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - Absorption KW - Electrochemistry KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1655744003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Direct+evidence+of+gradient+Mn%28II%29+evolution+at+charged+states+in+LiNi+sub%280.5%29Mn+sub%281.5%29O+sub%284%29+electrodes+with+capacity+fading&rft.au=Qiao%2C+Ruimin%3BWang%2C+Yuesheng%3BOlalde-Velasco%2C+Paul%3BLi%2C+Hong%3BHu%2C+Yong-Sheng%3BYang%2C+Wanli&rft.aulast=Qiao&rft.aufirst=Ruimin&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=273&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.10.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Comparative studies; Sensitivity; Oxygen; Batteries; Electrodes; Absorption; X-ray spectroscopy; Electrochemistry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.10.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding cancer development processes after HZE-particle exposure: roles of ROS, DNA damage repair and inflammation. AN - 1652404244; 25564719 AB - During space travel astronauts are exposed to a variety of radiations, including galactic cosmic rays composed of high-energy protons and high-energy charged (HZE) nuclei, and solar particle events containing low- to medium-energy protons. Risks from these exposures include carcinogenesis, central nervous system damage and degenerative tissue effects. Currently, career radiation limits are based on estimates of fatal cancer risks calculated using a model that incorporates human epidemiological data from exposed populations, estimates of relative biological effectiveness and dose-response data from relevant mammalian experimental models. A major goal of space radiation risk assessment is to link mechanistic data from biological studies at NASA Space Radiation Laboratory and other particle accelerators with risk models. Early phenotypes of HZE exposure, such as the induction of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage signaling and inflammation, are sensitive to HZE damage complexity. This review summarizes our current understanding of critical areas within the DNA damage and oxidative stress arena and provides insight into their mechanistic interdependence and their usefulness in accurately modeling cancer and other risks in astronauts exposed to space radiation. Our ultimate goals are to examine potential links and crosstalk between early response modules activated by charged particle exposure, to identify critical areas that require further research and to use these data to reduced uncertainties in modeling cancer risk for astronauts. A clearer understanding of the links between early mechanistic aspects of high-LET response and later surrogate cancer end points could reveal key nodes that can be therapeutically targeted to mitigate the health effects from charged particle exposures. JF - Radiation research AU - Sridharan, D M AU - Asaithamby, A AU - Bailey, S M AU - Costes, S V AU - Doetsch, P W AU - Dynan, W S AU - Kronenberg, A AU - Rithidech, K N AU - Saha, J AU - Snijders, A M AU - Werner, E AU - Wiese, C AU - Cucinotta, F A AU - Pluth, J M AD - a  Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California. Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - January 2015 SP - 1 EP - 26 VL - 183 IS - 1 KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Inflammation -- etiology KW - Inflammation -- genetics KW - Inflammation -- metabolism KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - DNA Repair -- radiation effects KW - Carcinogenesis -- metabolism KW - Carcinogenesis -- genetics KW - Carcinogenesis -- radiation effects KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- pathology KW - DNA Damage KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- metabolism KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- genetics KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Cosmic Radiation -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1652404244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+research&rft.atitle=Understanding+cancer+development+processes+after+HZE-particle+exposure%3A+roles+of+ROS%2C+DNA+damage+repair+and+inflammation.&rft.au=Sridharan%2C+D+M%3BAsaithamby%2C+A%3BBailey%2C+S+M%3BCostes%2C+S+V%3BDoetsch%2C+P+W%3BDynan%2C+W+S%3BKronenberg%2C+A%3BRithidech%2C+K+N%3BSaha%2C+J%3BSnijders%2C+A+M%3BWerner%2C+E%3BWiese%2C+C%3BCucinotta%2C+F+A%3BPluth%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Sridharan&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiation+research&rft.issn=1938-5404&rft_id=info:doi/10.1667%2FRR13804.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-03-11 N1 - Date created - 2015-01-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/RR13804.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A kinetic-based approach to understanding heterologous mevalonate pathway function in E. coli AN - 1635032318; 21045812 AB - To aid in debugging efforts to increase yield, titer, and productivity of engineered metabolic pathways, computational models are increasingly needed to predict how changes in experimentally manipulable variables such as enzyme expression map to changes in pathway flux. Here, an ordinary differential equation model is developed for a heterologous mevalonate pathway in E. coli using kinetic parameters culled from literature and enzyme concentrations derived from Selective Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry (SRM-MS). To identify parameters most important to further experimental investigation, a global sensitivity analysis was performed, which pointed to amorphadiene synthase activity as the main limiting factor for amorphadiene production. Furthermore, the model predicted that in this local enzyme expression regime, the overall pathway flux is insensitive to farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP)-mediated inhibition of mevalonate kinase, not supporting a hypothesis that had previously been posited to be limiting amorphadiene production. To test these predictions experimentally, two strains were constructed: (1) a strain containing a homologous mevalonate kinase with weaker feedback inhibition, and (2) a strain with greater amorphadiene synthase expression. The experimental results validate the qualitative model hypotheses and accurately match the predicted productivities for the two strains, particularly when an in vivo-derived k sub(cat) for amorphadiene synthase was substituted for the literature value. These results demonstrate the utility of using kinetic representations of engineered metabolic pathways parameterized with experimentally derived protein concentrations and enzyme kinetic constants to predict productivities and test hypotheses about engineering strategies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015; 112: 111-119. copyright 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. An ODE-based kinetic model of heterologous pathway function in Escherichia coli was developed in this study, using enzyme concentrations obtained via quantitative proteomics. The model identifies amorphadiene synthase as the main rate-limiting step in the experimentally accessible pathway enzyme expression regime, and further suggests that increasing precursor supply via mevalonate kinase engineering does not increase overall pathway flux. These predictions are borne out by experiment, and demonstrate the utility of modeling as a guide for testing metabolic engineering strategies. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Weaver, Lane J AU - Sousa, Mirta ML AU - Wang, George AU - Baidoo, Edward AU - Petzold, Christopher J AU - Keasling, Jay D AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Avenue, Emeryville, California, 94608. Y1 - 2015/01// PY - 2015 DA - Jan 2015 SP - 111 EP - 119 PB - Wiley Subscription Services VL - 112 IS - 1 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - mevalonic acid KW - Mathematical models KW - metabolic engineering KW - Enzymes KW - Limiting factors KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Models KW - Kinetics KW - Escherichia coli KW - Metabolic pathways KW - Mevalonate kinase KW - proteomics KW - pyrophosphates KW - Feedback inhibition KW - W 30960:Bioinformatics & Computer Applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1635032318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=A+kinetic-based+approach+to+understanding+heterologous+mevalonate+pathway+function+in+E.+coli&rft.au=Weaver%2C+Lane+J%3BSousa%2C+Mirta+ML%3BWang%2C+George%3BBaidoo%2C+Edward%3BPetzold%2C+Christopher+J%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Lane&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fbit.25323 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mevalonic acid; Mathematical models; Enzymes; metabolic engineering; Limiting factors; Mass spectroscopy; Models; Kinetics; Mevalonate kinase; Metabolic pathways; proteomics; pyrophosphates; Feedback inhibition; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.25323 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation and sensitivity test of the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) in a forested mountain watershed AN - 1656040029; 2015-016241 AB - Hydrologic models are often calibrated and validated with streamflow from a limited number of sites, whereas assessment of model performance with internal watershed data can be used to constrain the parameterization of physically based models to verify that specific hydrologic processes are being reasonably simulated. This is particularly important for improving the simulation accuracy of models used to evaluate potential hydrologic responses to land use and climate change. The distributed hydrology soil-vegetation model (DHSVM) was parameterized for the Mica Creek Experimental Watershed in northern Idaho. Performance was assessed based on measured streamflow from nested and paired watersheds, snowpack dynamics, soil moisture, and transpiration estimated from sap flux. In general, DHSVM effectively simulated snowpack dynamics, soil water content, and the streamflow regime. Streamflow simulation for seven subcatchments had model efficiencies ranging between 0.63 and 0.79. Model efficiency of snowpack simulation at a SNOTEL site was 0.95. Some minor discrepancies between simulated and measured values suggested that some processes, such as snow redistribution, were not represented by the model or were insufficiently parameterized for local conditions. A sensitivity analysis indicated that soil porosity, leaf area index, and minimum stomatal resistance were among the most influential parameters that affected variations in the simulated hydrological regime. However, those variables can be reasonably estimated based on field or remote sensing data. Other important parameters, such as saturated hydraulic conductivity, are more difficult to quantify and therefore need to be refined during the calibration phase. A description of the iterative parameter refinement process that was used in the calibration phase of the model is included to assist other researchers in refining model parameterizations. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Du, Enhao AU - Link, Timothy E AU - Gravelle, John A AU - Hubbart, Jason A Y1 - 2014/12/30/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 30 SP - 6196 EP - 6210 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, New York, NY VL - 28 IS - 26 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - United States KW - land cover KW - snow water equivalent KW - moisture KW - Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model KW - watersheds KW - calibration KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - vegetation KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - snowpack KW - sensitivity analysis KW - water content KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - Idaho KW - DHSVM KW - northern Idaho KW - evapotranspiration KW - models KW - humidity KW - streamflow KW - Mica Creek Experimental Watershed KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656040029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Validation+and+sensitivity+test+of+the+Distributed+Hydrology+Soil+Vegetation+Model+%28DHSVM%29+in+a+forested+mountain+watershed&rft.au=Du%2C+Enhao%3BLink%2C+Timothy+E%3BGravelle%2C+John+A%3BHubbart%2C+Jason+A&rft.aulast=Du&rft.aufirst=Enhao&rft.date=2014-12-30&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=26&rft.spage=6196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.10110 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4125 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; calibration; DHSVM; Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model; evapotranspiration; humidity; hydrology; Idaho; land cover; Mica Creek Experimental Watershed; models; moisture; northern Idaho; sensitivity analysis; simulation; snow water equivalent; snowpack; soils; streamflow; temperature; United States; vegetation; water content; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10110 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of temperature rise in Li-ion cells at very high currents AN - 1642257629; 20888767 AB - The Dualfoil model is used to simulate the electrochemical behavior and temperature rise for MCMB/LiCoO sub(2) Li-ion cells under a small constant-resistance load, approaching a short-circuit condition. Radial mass transport of lithium from the center of the pore to the pore wall has been added to the model to describe better current limitations at very high discharge currents. Electrolyte and solid-surface-concentration profiles of lithium ions across the cell at various times are developed and analyzed to explain the lithium-ion transport limitations. Sensitivity tests are conducted by changing solution and solid-state diffusion coefficients, and the heat-transfer coefficient. Because diffusion coefficients increase at high temperature, calculated discharge curves can show currents dropping initially but then rising to a second peak, with most of the available capacity being consumed in the second peak. Conditions which lead to such a second peak are explored. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Mao, Jing AU - Tiedemann, William AU - Newman, John AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2014/12/20/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 20 SP - 444 EP - 454 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 271 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Simulation KW - Lithium-ion cell KW - Thermal-electrochemical model KW - High-current discharge KW - Mass-transport limitation KW - Overheating KW - Discharge KW - Mathematical models KW - Computer simulation KW - Transport KW - Electric cells KW - Porosity KW - Diffusion coefficient KW - Lithium batteries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642257629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+temperature+rise+in+Li-ion+cells+at+very+high+currents&rft.au=Mao%2C+Jing%3BTiedemann%2C+William%3BNewman%2C+John&rft.aulast=Mao&rft.aufirst=Jing&rft.date=2014-12-20&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=&rft.spage=444&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.08.033 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.08.033 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U(VI) and Sr(II) batch sorption and diffusion kinetics into mesoporous silica (MCM-41) AN - 1668231672; 2015-029532 AB - Important reactive phenomena that affect the transport and fate of a radioactive material such as uranium (U) and strontium (Sr) in the environment occur at the mineral-water interface, particularly in mesoporous materials which are ubiquitous in surface and near-surface environments, and typically dominate the reactive surface area of geologic media. Ion sorption and physical bonding forces (including electrostatic forces) can be significantly modified within these confined pore spaces, leading to preferential enrichment of trace elements in mesopores. Pore space confinement may also lead to kinetic restraints on thermodynamically favorable sorption/desorption, precipitation/dissolution, and redox reactions, due to slow migration of metals out of mesopores, chemical gradients within the pore space, or steric constraints for inward migration of larger molecules. Using a combination of benchtop sorption experiments, TEM, and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy, U(VI) and Sr(II) uptake on mesoporous silica (MCM-41) with a 4.67 nm pore diameter was measured in batch conditions at pH 4.0 and 9.8 as a function of time and metal speciation. Uptake of U was determined for U-hydrolysis, U-CO (sub 3) , and U-CO (sub 3) -Ca aqueous species. This suite of techniques enabled determination of the rate of metal sorption and precipitation in the pore spaces, and identification of the reaction products. Our results indicate that Sr and U (at less than 10 mu M total U) rapidly diffuse into MCM-41. U at a higher concentration than 10 mu M also rapidly diffuses in, but the higher pore volume U concentration eventually leads to polymerization and precipitation of nano-U-bearing phases. The steady state U sorption maximum after 48 h of exposure to MCM-41 prior to precipitation was dependent on the size and charge of the dominant U species in solution, where the trend is: UO (sub 2) (OH) (sub 3) (super -) > UO (sub 2) (super + 2) > UO (sub 2) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 3) (super - 4) approximately CaUO (sub 2) (CO (sub 3) ) (sub 3) (super - 2) . Precipitation of a U-bearing phase within the silica pore spaces occurred only after a threshold time point and indicated that U uptake was both thermodynamically and kinetically controlled. Initial diffusion and adsorption were controlled by aqueous speciation and precipitation was controlled by the buildup of sorption species that subsequently created a bottleneck effect near pore openings. Acidic solutions wee more efficient at extracting U than carbonate solutions once the U has diffused into the mesopore region, and this may explain frequent observations of this behavior in extractions of natural sediments. A nitric acid wash was not completely effective at desorbing U and Sr from the mesoporous silica, where there was 5% (initial pH 4.0) and 20% (pH 9.8) remaining even after 500 h of exposure to the nitric acid wash. The results show that U and Sr diffusion and sorption into mesopores result in a recalcitrant pool of ions that are sequestered in deep internal pore spaces, and this may have significant impacts on attempts to clean up contaminated soils and sediments. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Singer, David M AU - Guo, Hua AU - Davis, James A Y1 - 2014/12/18/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 18 SP - 152 EP - 163 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 390 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - sorption KW - isotopes KW - hydrolysis KW - radioactive isotopes KW - water-rock interaction KW - silica KW - spectra KW - thermodynamic properties KW - water pollution KW - polymers KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - alkaline earth metals KW - diffusion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - properties KW - TEM data KW - porosity KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - uranium KW - crystal chemistry KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1668231672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=U%28VI%29+and+Sr%28II%29+batch+sorption+and+diffusion+kinetics+into+mesoporous+silica+%28MCM-41%29&rft.au=Singer%2C+David+M%3BGuo%2C+Hua%3BDavis%2C+James+A&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2014-12-18&rft.volume=390&rft.issue=&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2014.10.027 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-02 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkaline earth metals; crystal chemistry; diffusion; EXAFS data; hydrolysis; isotopes; kinetics; metals; pH; pollutants; pollution; polymers; porosity; porous materials; properties; radioactive isotopes; silica; sorption; spectra; strontium; TEM data; thermodynamic properties; uranium; water pollution; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.10.027 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Numerical Simulation of Subsurface Transport and Groundwater Impacts from Hydraulic Fracturing of Tight/Shale Gas Reservoirs T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651745210; 6332731 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Reagan, Matthew AU - Moridis, George AU - Keen, Noel Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Hydraulics KW - Mathematical models KW - Ground water KW - Simulation KW - Shale KW - Reservoirs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651745210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Numerical+Simulation+of+Subsurface+Transport+and+Groundwater+Impacts+from+Hydraulic+Fracturing+of+Tight%2FShale+Gas+Reservoirs&rft.au=Reagan%2C+Matthew%3BMoridis%2C+George%3BKeen%2C+Noel&rft.aulast=Reagan&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Toward Quantifying the Mass-Based Hygroscopicity of Individual Submicron Atmospheric Aerosol Particles with STXM/NEXAFS and SEM/EDX T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651744995; 6332510 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Piens, Dominique AU - Kelly, Stephen AU - OBrien, Rachel AU - Wang, Bingbing AU - Petters, Markus AU - Laskin, Alexander AU - Gilles, Mary Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Aerosols KW - Particulates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651744995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Toward+Quantifying+the+Mass-Based+Hygroscopicity+of+Individual+Submicron+Atmospheric+Aerosol+Particles+with+STXM%2FNEXAFS+and+SEM%2FEDX&rft.au=Piens%2C+Dominique%3BKelly%2C+Stephen%3BOBrien%2C+Rachel%3BWang%2C+Bingbing%3BPetters%2C+Markus%3BLaskin%2C+Alexander%3BGilles%2C+Mary&rft.aulast=Piens&rft.aufirst=Dominique&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of a surface-wave imaging system for geotechnical applications based on distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and ambient noise interferometry T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651744407; 6331419 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Franklin, Jonathan AU - Daley, Thomas AU - Freifeld, Barry AU - Tang, David AU - Zhang, Ruxun AU - Wagner, Anna AU - Dou, Shan AU - Lindsey, Nate AU - Bjella, Kevin AU - Pevzner, Roman Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Acoustic imagery KW - Acoustics KW - Noise levels KW - Ambient noise KW - Interferometry KW - Imaging techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651744407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+surface-wave+imaging+system+for+geotechnical+applications+based+on+distributed+acoustic+sensing+%28DAS%29+and+ambient+noise+interferometry&rft.au=Franklin%2C+Jonathan%3BDaley%2C+Thomas%3BFreifeld%2C+Barry%3BTang%2C+David%3BZhang%2C+Ruxun%3BWagner%2C+Anna%3BDou%2C+Shan%3BLindsey%2C+Nate%3BBjella%2C+Kevin%3BPevzner%2C+Roman&rft.aulast=Franklin&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Far-Infrared Surface Emissivity Impacts on Climate and the Potential for a Positive Feedback T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651744390; 6331863 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Feldman, Daniel AU - Collins, William AU - Huang, Xianglei AU - Chen, Xiuhong AU - Walden, Von Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Emissivity KW - Climate KW - Feedback UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651744390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Far-Infrared+Surface+Emissivity+Impacts+on+Climate+and+the+Potential+for+a+Positive+Feedback&rft.au=Feldman%2C+Daniel%3BCollins%2C+William%3BHuang%2C+Xianglei%3BChen%2C+Xiuhong%3BWalden%2C+Von&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An Evaluation of Processes Critical to Predicting the Carbon Sink of Natural Tropical Forests in a Demographic Vegetation Model T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651744058; 6331896 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Knox, Ryan AU - Holm, Jennifer AU - Chambers, Jeffrey AU - Longo, Marcos AU - Moorcroft, Paul AU - Higuchi, Niro AU - Riley, William AU - Manzi, Antonio AU - Koven, Charles Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Demography KW - Tropical forests KW - carbon sinks KW - Vegetation KW - Carbon sinks KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651744058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=An+Evaluation+of+Processes+Critical+to+Predicting+the+Carbon+Sink+of+Natural+Tropical+Forests+in+a+Demographic+Vegetation+Model&rft.au=Knox%2C+Ryan%3BHolm%2C+Jennifer%3BChambers%2C+Jeffrey%3BLongo%2C+Marcos%3BMoorcroft%2C+Paul%3BHiguchi%2C+Niro%3BRiley%2C+William%3BManzi%2C+Antonio%3BKoven%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Knox&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Improved Understanding of Carbon Storage Risk Via Controlled-Release Experiments T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651743211; 6332080 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Guglielmi, Yves AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Zheng, Liange AU - Spycher, Nicolas Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Controlled release UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651743211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Improved+Understanding+of+Carbon+Storage+Risk+Via+Controlled-Release+Experiments&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+Jens%3BGuglielmi%2C+Yves%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BZheng%2C+Liange%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Beyond The Blueprint: Development Of Genome-Informed Trait-Based Models For Prediction Of Microbial Dynamics And Biogeochemical Rates T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651742864; 6331891 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - King, Eric AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Karaoz, Ulas AU - Johnson, Jeffrey AU - Bouskill, Nicholas AU - Hug, Laura AU - Thomas, Brian AU - Castelle, Cindy AU - Beller, Harry AU - Banfield, Jillian AU - Steefel, Carl Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Prediction KW - Engineering drawings KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651742864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Beyond+The+Blueprint%3A+Development+Of+Genome-Informed+Trait-Based+Models+For+Prediction+Of+Microbial+Dynamics+And+Biogeochemical+Rates&rft.au=Brodie%2C+Eoin%3BKing%2C+Eric%3BMolins%2C+Sergi%3BKaraoz%2C+Ulas%3BJohnson%2C+Jeffrey%3BBouskill%2C+Nicholas%3BHug%2C+Laura%3BThomas%2C+Brian%3BCastelle%2C+Cindy%3BBeller%2C+Harry%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian%3BSteefel%2C+Carl&rft.aulast=Brodie&rft.aufirst=Eoin&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The many facets of integrating data and metadata for research networks: experience from the AmeriFlux Network T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651742639; 6334331 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pastorello, Gilberto AU - Poindexter, Cristina AU - van Ingen, Catharine AU - Papale, Dario AU - Agarwal, Deb Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651742639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+many+facets+of+integrating+data+and+metadata+for+research+networks%3A+experience+from+the+AmeriFlux+Network&rft.au=Pastorello%2C+Gilberto%3BPoindexter%2C+Cristina%3Bvan+Ingen%2C+Catharine%3BPapale%2C+Dario%3BAgarwal%2C+Deb&rft.aulast=Pastorello&rft.aufirst=Gilberto&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Impacts of Mechanical Stress Transfers Caused by Hydromechanical and Thermal Processes on Fault Stability during Hydraulic Stimulation in a Deep Geothermal Reservoir T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651742486; 6333886 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Dobson, Patrick AU - Walters, Mark AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Garcia, Julio Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Reservoir KW - Hydraulics KW - Stress KW - Reservoirs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651742486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+Impacts+of+Mechanical+Stress+Transfers+Caused+by+Hydromechanical+and+Thermal+Processes+on+Fault+Stability+during+Hydraulic+Stimulation+in+a+Deep+Geothermal+Reservoir&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+Pierre%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BDobson%2C+Patrick%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BGarcia%2C+Julio&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Representing the Interactions of Soil Moisture, Groundwater, and Biogeochemistry in Earth-System Models T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651742169; 6333759 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Subin, Zachary Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Ground water KW - Soil moisture KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651742169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Representing+the+Interactions+of+Soil+Moisture%2C+Groundwater%2C+and+Biogeochemistry+in+Earth-System+Models&rft.au=Subin%2C+Zachary&rft.aulast=Subin&rft.aufirst=Zachary&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Identifying multiscale zonation and assessing the relative importance of polygon geomorphology and polygon types on carbon fluxes in an Arctic Tundra Ecosystem T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651742164; 6334245 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wainwright, Haruko Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Carbon KW - Geomorphology KW - Tundra KW - Zonation KW - Polar environments KW - Arctic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651742164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Identifying+multiscale+zonation+and+assessing+the+relative+importance+of+polygon+geomorphology+and+polygon+types+on+carbon+fluxes+in+an+Arctic+Tundra+Ecosystem&rft.au=Wainwright%2C+Haruko&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=Haruko&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Reservoir Characterization Based Upon the Onset of Time-Lapse Changes T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651742134; 6334065 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vasco, D Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Reservoir KW - Reservoirs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651742134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reservoir+Characterization+Based+Upon+the+Onset+of+Time-Lapse+Changes&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Controlled Freeze-thaw Experiments to Study Biogeochemical Process and its Effects on Greenhouse Gas Release in Arctic Soil Columns T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651741517; 6330979 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wu, Yuxin AU - Kneafsey, Timothy AU - Tas, Neslihan AU - Bill, Markus AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Hubbard, Susan Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Soil KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Climatic changes KW - Polar environments KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Arctic KW - Freeze-thawing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651741517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Controlled+Freeze-thaw+Experiments+to+Study+Biogeochemical+Process+and+its+Effects+on+Greenhouse+Gas+Release+in+Arctic+Soil+Columns&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yuxin%3BKneafsey%2C+Timothy%3BTas%2C+Neslihan%3BBill%2C+Markus%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BHubbard%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Yuxin&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interactions Between Mineral Surfaces, Substrates, Enzymes, and Microbes Result in Hysteretic Temperature Sensitivities and Microbial Carbon Use Efficiencies and Weaker Predicted Carbon-Climate Feedbacks T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651740976; 6330387 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Riley, William AU - Tang, Jinyun Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Temperature effects KW - Sensitivity KW - Carbon KW - Enzymes KW - Feedback KW - Minerals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651740976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Interactions+Between+Mineral+Surfaces%2C+Substrates%2C+Enzymes%2C+and+Microbes+Result+in+Hysteretic+Temperature+Sensitivities+and+Microbial+Carbon+Use+Efficiencies+and+Weaker+Predicted+Carbon-Climate+Feedbacks&rft.au=Riley%2C+William%3BTang%2C+Jinyun&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Metatranscriptomic Evidence of Chemolithoautotrophy in the Rifle (CO) Subsurface Relevant to C, S, N, and Fe Cycling T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651740048; 6330151 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beller, Harry AU - Jewell, Talia AU - Karaoz, Ulas AU - Thomas, Brian AU - Banfield, Jillian AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Williams, Kenneth Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Nitrogen cycle UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651740048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Metatranscriptomic+Evidence+of+Chemolithoautotrophy+in+the+Rifle+%28CO%29+Subsurface+Relevant+to+C%2C+S%2C+N%2C+and+Fe+Cycling&rft.au=Beller%2C+Harry%3BJewell%2C+Talia%3BKaraoz%2C+Ulas%3BThomas%2C+Brian%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth&rft.aulast=Beller&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Harder Rain is Going to Fall: Challenges for Actionable Projections of Extremes T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651739161; 6330613 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Collins, William Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Rain UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651739161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+Harder+Rain+is+Going+to+Fall%3A+Challenges+for+Actionable+Projections+of+Extremes&rft.au=Collins%2C+William&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Deep Soil Carbon and Its Vulnerability to Global Environmental Change: Process Understanding and Representation in Earth System Models T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738684; 6328288 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Koven, Charles AU - Riley, William AU - Zhu, Biao AU - Pries, Caitlin AU - Phillips, Claire Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Climatic changes KW - Environmental changes KW - Vulnerability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Deep+Soil+Carbon+and+Its+Vulnerability+to+Global+Environmental+Change%3A+Process+Understanding+and+Representation+in+Earth+System+Models&rft.au=Torn%2C+Margaret%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BRiley%2C+William%3BZhu%2C+Biao%3BPries%2C+Caitlin%3BPhillips%2C+Claire&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Integrated geochemical and geophysical monitoring of CO2-rich fluids in carbonate samples T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738615; 6328710 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vialle, Stephanie AU - Contraires, Simon AU - Zinzsner, Bernard AU - Clavaud, Jean-Baptiste AU - Mahiouz, Karim AU - Zuddas, Pierpaolo AU - Zamora, Maria Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Geochemistry KW - Geophysics KW - carbonates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Integrated+geochemical+and+geophysical+monitoring+of+CO2-rich+fluids+in+carbonate+samples&rft.au=Vialle%2C+Stephanie%3BContraires%2C+Simon%3BZinzsner%2C+Bernard%3BClavaud%2C+Jean-Baptiste%3BMahiouz%2C+Karim%3BZuddas%2C+Pierpaolo%3BZamora%2C+Maria&rft.aulast=Vialle&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mineralogical Controls over Carbon Storage and Residence Times in Grassland Soils T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738542; 6328899 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dwivedi, Dipankar AU - Riley, William AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Spycher, Nicolas Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Soil KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Grasslands KW - Residence time UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Mineralogical+Controls+over+Carbon+Storage+and+Residence+Times+in+Grassland+Soils&rft.au=Dwivedi%2C+Dipankar%3BRiley%2C+William%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas&rft.aulast=Dwivedi&rft.aufirst=Dipankar&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Zero-D to One-D: Challenges and implications of considering vertical soil C profiles in Earth System Models T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738465; 6328289 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Koven, Charles AU - Lawrence, David AU - Riley, William AU - Torn, Margaret Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Soil UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Zero-D+to+One-D%3A+Challenges+and+implications+of+considering+vertical+soil+C+profiles+in+Earth+System+Models&rft.au=Koven%2C+Charles%3BLawrence%2C+David%3BRiley%2C+William%3BTorn%2C+Margaret&rft.aulast=Koven&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Investigation of Biological Soil Crusts Metabolic Webs Using Exometabolomic Analysis T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738439; 6329049 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Northen, Trent AU - Karaoz, Ulas AU - Jenkins, Stefan AU - Lau, Rebecca AU - Bowen, Benjamin AU - Cadillo-Quiroz, Hinsby AU - Garcia-Pichel, Ferran AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Richard, Baran Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Soil KW - Webs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+Biological+Soil+Crusts+Metabolic+Webs+Using+Exometabolomic+Analysis&rft.au=Northen%2C+Trent%3BKaraoz%2C+Ulas%3BJenkins%2C+Stefan%3BLau%2C+Rebecca%3BBowen%2C+Benjamin%3BCadillo-Quiroz%2C+Hinsby%3BGarcia-Pichel%2C+Ferran%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BRichard%2C+Baran&rft.aulast=Northen&rft.aufirst=Trent&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - OH- Initiated Heterogeneous Oxidation of Saturated Organic Aerosols in the Presence of SO2: Uptake Kinetics and Product Identification T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738337; 6328241 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Richards-Henderson, Nicole AU - Ward, Michael AU - Goldstein, Allen AU - Wilson, Kevin Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Aerosols KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Kinetics KW - Oxidation KW - Uptake UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=OH-+Initiated+Heterogeneous+Oxidation+of+Saturated+Organic+Aerosols+in+the+Presence+of+SO2%3A+Uptake+Kinetics+and+Product+Identification&rft.au=Richards-Henderson%2C+Nicole%3BWard%2C+Michael%3BGoldstein%2C+Allen%3BWilson%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=Richards-Henderson&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - 3D modeling of fault reactivation during CO2 injection T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738317; 6328380 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rinaldi, Antonio AU - Vilarrasa, Victor AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Cappa, Frederic Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=3D+modeling+of+fault+reactivation+during+CO2+injection&rft.au=Rinaldi%2C+Antonio%3BVilarrasa%2C+Victor%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BCappa%2C+Frederic&rft.aulast=Rinaldi&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Monitoring Soil Hydraulic and Thermal Properties using Coupled Inversion of Time-lapse Temperature and Electrical Resistance Data T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651738066; 6334565 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tran, Anh AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Kowalsky, Michael AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Long, Phillip Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Hydraulics KW - Data processing KW - Inversion KW - Temperature KW - Soil temperature UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651738066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Soil+Hydraulic+and+Thermal+Properties+using+Coupled+Inversion+of+Time-lapse+Temperature+and+Electrical+Resistance+Data&rft.au=Tran%2C+Anh%3BDafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BKowalsky%2C+Michael%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu%3BFaybishenko%2C+Boris%3BLong%2C+Phillip&rft.aulast=Tran&rft.aufirst=Anh&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Can We Attribute Changes in Risk to Anthropogenic Emissions? T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651737496; 6334667 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Stone, Daithi AU - Huggel, Christian AU - Hansen, Gerrit Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Emissions KW - Anthropogenic factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651737496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Can+We+Attribute+Changes+in+Risk+to+Anthropogenic+Emissions%3F&rft.au=Stone%2C+Daithi%3BHuggel%2C+Christian%3BHansen%2C+Gerrit&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Daithi&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Discrimination and Assessment of Induced Seismicity in Active Tectonic Zones: A Case Study from Southern California T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651737386; 6334805 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bachmann, Corinne AU - Lindsey, Nate AU - Foxall, William AU - Robertson, Michelle Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Case studies KW - Discrimination KW - USA, California KW - Tectonics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651737386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Discrimination+and+Assessment+of+Induced+Seismicity+in+Active+Tectonic+Zones%3A+A+Case+Study+from+Southern+California&rft.au=Bachmann%2C+Corinne%3BLindsey%2C+Nate%3BFoxall%2C+William%3BRobertson%2C+Michelle&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Corinne&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Surface Forcing from CH4 at the North Slope of Alaska and Southern Great Plains Sites T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651737048; 6334570 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Collins, William AU - Feldman, Daniel AU - Turner, David Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Methane KW - USA, Alaska, North Slope KW - Plains UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651737048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Surface+Forcing+from+CH4+at+the+North+Slope+of+Alaska+and+Southern+Great+Plains+Sites&rft.au=Collins%2C+William%3BFeldman%2C+Daniel%3BTurner%2C+David&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Global scale analysis and evaluation of an improved mechanistic representation of plant nitrogen and carbon dynamics in the Community Land Model (CLM) T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651736996; 6329986 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ghimire, Bardan AU - Riley, William AU - Koven, Charles AU - Randerson, James AU - Mu, Mingquan AU - Kattge, Jens AU - Rogers, Alistair AU - Reich, Peter Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Carbon KW - Plant communities KW - Nitrogen UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651736996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Global+scale+analysis+and+evaluation+of+an+improved+mechanistic+representation+of+plant+nitrogen+and+carbon+dynamics+in+the+Community+Land+Model+%28CLM%29&rft.au=Ghimire%2C+Bardan%3BRiley%2C+William%3BKoven%2C+Charles%3BRanderson%2C+James%3BMu%2C+Mingquan%3BKattge%2C+Jens%3BRogers%2C+Alistair%3BReich%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Ghimire&rft.aufirst=Bardan&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Recruitment of subalpine tree populations sensitive to warming within and above current altitudinal range T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651736948; 6330212 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kueppers, Lara AU - Castanha, Cristina AU - Moyes, Andrew AU - Conlisk, Erin AU - Germino, Matthew AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Harte, John AU - Mitton, Jeffry Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Trees KW - Recruitment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651736948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Recruitment+of+subalpine+tree+populations+sensitive+to+warming+within+and+above+current+altitudinal+range&rft.au=Kueppers%2C+Lara%3BCastanha%2C+Cristina%3BMoyes%2C+Andrew%3BConlisk%2C+Erin%3BGermino%2C+Matthew%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3BHarte%2C+John%3BMitton%2C+Jeffry&rft.aulast=Kueppers&rft.aufirst=Lara&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ecological Limits to Terrestrial Biological Carbon Dioxide Removal T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651736599; 6329034 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Smith, Lydia AU - Mishra, Umakant AU - Sanchez, Daniel AU - Williams, Jim Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651736599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ecological+Limits+to+Terrestrial+Biological+Carbon+Dioxide+Removal&rft.au=Torn%2C+Margaret%3BSmith%2C+Lydia%3BMishra%2C+Umakant%3BSanchez%2C+Daniel%3BWilliams%2C+Jim&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Emergent SOM Dynamics Considering Interactions Between Microbial Physiology, Microbial Competition, Mineral Interactions, Vertical Transport, and Temperature T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651736569; 6328621 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Riley, William AU - Tang, Jinyun AU - Dwivedi, Dipankar AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Maggi, Federico AU - Kleber, Markus Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Temperature effects KW - Physiology KW - Minerals KW - Competition KW - Vertical advection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651736569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Emergent+SOM+Dynamics+Considering+Interactions+Between+Microbial+Physiology%2C+Microbial+Competition%2C+Mineral+Interactions%2C+Vertical+Transport%2C+and+Temperature&rft.au=Riley%2C+William%3BTang%2C+Jinyun%3BDwivedi%2C+Dipankar%3BTorn%2C+Margaret%3BMaggi%2C+Federico%3BKleber%2C+Markus&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Carbon Tetrachloride Emissions from the Amazon Forest T2 - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AN - 1651736479; 6328571 JF - 47th American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jardine, Kolby AU - Chambers, Jeffrey AU - Higuchi, Niro AU - Jardine, Angela AU - Martin, Scot AU - Manzi, Antonio Y1 - 2014/12/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 15 KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - South America, Amazon R. KW - Emissions KW - Forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1651736479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Carbon+Tetrachloride+Emissions+from+the+Amazon+Forest&rft.au=Jardine%2C+Kolby%3BChambers%2C+Jeffrey%3BHiguchi%2C+Niro%3BJardine%2C+Angela%3BMartin%2C+Scot%3BManzi%2C+Antonio&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=Kolby&rft.date=2014-12-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm14/meetingapp.cgi#ModuleSessionsByDay/0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calsyntenin-3 molecular architecture and interaction with neurexin 1α. AN - 1637555232; 25352602 AB - Calsyntenin 3 (Cstn3 or Clstn3), a recently identified synaptic organizer, promotes the development of synapses. Cstn3 localizes to the postsynaptic membrane and triggers presynaptic differentiation. Calsyntenin members play an evolutionarily conserved role in memory and learning. Cstn3 was recently shown in cell-based assays to interact with neurexin 1α (n1α), a synaptic organizer that is implicated in neuropsychiatric disease. Interaction would permit Cstn3 and n1α to form a trans-synaptic complex and promote synaptic differentiation. However, it is contentious whether Cstn3 binds n1α directly. To understand the structure and function of Cstn3, we determined its architecture by electron microscopy and delineated the interaction between Cstn3 and n1α biochemically and biophysically. We show that Cstn3 ectodomains form monomers as well as tetramers that are stabilized by disulfide bonds and Ca(2+), and both are probably flexible in solution. We show further that the extracellular domains of Cstn3 and n1α interact directly and that both Cstn3 monomers and tetramers bind n1α with nanomolar affinity. The interaction is promoted by Ca(2+) and requires minimally the LNS domain of Cstn3. Furthermore, Cstn3 uses a fundamentally different mechanism to bind n1α compared with other neurexin partners, such as the synaptic organizer neuroligin 2, because Cstn3 does not strictly require the sixth LNS domain of n1α. Our structural data suggest how Cstn3 as a synaptic organizer on the postsynaptic membrane, particularly in tetrameric form, may assemble radially symmetric trans-synaptic bridges with the presynaptic synaptic organizer n1α to recruit and spatially organize proteins into networks essential for synaptic function. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Lu, Zhuoyang AU - Wang, Yun AU - Chen, Fang AU - Tong, Huimin AU - Reddy, M V V V Sekhar AU - Luo, Lin AU - Seshadrinathan, Suchithra AU - Zhang, Lei AU - Holthauzen, Luis Marcelo F AU - Craig, Ann Marie AU - Ren, Gang AU - Rudenko, Gabby AD - the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, the School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China. ; the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. ; the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720. ; From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and. ; the Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 2A1, Canada, and. ; the Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston Texas 77555. ; the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, gren@lbl.gov. ; From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and the Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston Texas 77555, garudenk@utmb.edu. Y1 - 2014/12/12/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 12 SP - 34530 EP - 34542 VL - 289 IS - 50 KW - CLSTN3 protein, human KW - 0 KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - neurexin 1 protein, rat KW - Index Medicus KW - Synaptic Organizers KW - Calsyntenins KW - Single-particle Analysis KW - Synapse KW - Protein-Protein Interaction KW - Neurexins KW - Cell Surface Receptor KW - Neuropsychiatric Disorders KW - Cell Adhesion KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - HEK293 Cells KW - Humans KW - Amino Acid Sequence KW - Protein Binding KW - Protein Multimerization KW - Protein Structure, Quaternary KW - Rats KW - Cattle KW - Extracellular Space -- metabolism KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Synapses -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- metabolism KW - Membrane Proteins -- chemistry KW - Membrane Proteins -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- metabolism KW - Calcium-Binding Proteins -- chemistry KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1637555232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=Calsyntenin-3+molecular+architecture+and+interaction+with+neurexin+1%CE%B1.&rft.au=Lu%2C+Zhuoyang%3BWang%2C+Yun%3BChen%2C+Fang%3BTong%2C+Huimin%3BReddy%2C+M+V+V+V+Sekhar%3BLuo%2C+Lin%3BSeshadrinathan%2C+Suchithra%3BZhang%2C+Lei%3BHolthauzen%2C+Luis+Marcelo+F%3BCraig%2C+Ann+Marie%3BRen%2C+Gang%3BRudenko%2C+Gabby&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Zhuoyang&rft.date=2014-12-12&rft.volume=289&rft.issue=50&rft.spage=34530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=1083-351X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1074%2Fjbc.M114.606806 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-02-12 N1 - Date created - 2014-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell Rep. 2014 Mar 27;6(6):1096-109 [24613359] J Lipid Res. 2010 May;51(5):1228-36 [19965615] J Biol Chem. 2002 May 3;277(18):16002-10 [11856755] J Struct Biol. 1999 Dec 1;128(1):82-97 [10600563] J Vis Exp. 2014;(90):e51087 [25145703] J Neurosci. 2010 Jun 2;30(22):7495-506 [20519524] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Aug 17;107(33):14893-8 [20679223] Free Radic Res. 2011 Jan;45(1):73-88 [20815785] Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2011 Feb;21(1):132-43 [20832286] Structure. 2011 Jun 8;19(6):779-89 [21620716] Structure. 2011 Jun 8;19(6):767-78 [21620717] PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e30249 [22291925] J Biol Chem. 2012 Mar 16;287(12):9399-413 [22262843] J Neurosci. 2012 Mar 28;32(13):4688-701 [22457515] Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Apr;4(4):a005694 [22278667] Hum Mol Genet. 2012 Jul 1;21(13):2845-54 [22434822] Biochem J. 2012 Sep 1;446(2):321-30 [22671294] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Nov 20;109(47):19432-7 [23129658] Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2013 Jun;162B(4):388-403 [23533028] Neuron. 2013 Oct 2;80(1):113-28 [24094106] Mol Cell Neurosci. 2002 Nov;21(3):393-409 [12498782] Nat Neurosci. 2003 Jul;6(7):708-16 [12796785] J Biol Chem. 2003 Dec 5;278(49):49448-58 [12972431] J Comput Chem. 2004 Oct;25(13):1605-12 [15264254] J Struct Biol. 1996 Jan-Feb;116(1):71-6 [8742726] J Struct Biol. 1996 Jan-Feb;116(1):190-9 [8742743] Cell. 1999 Oct 1;99(1):93-101 [10520997] Cell. 2006 Mar 24;124(6):1255-68 [16564015] J Neurosci. 2006 Apr 19;26(16):4256-65 [16624946] Ultramicroscopy. 2006 May;106(7):587-96 [16616422] J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 11;281(32):22896-905 [16772286] Science. 2006 Oct 20;314(5798):475-8 [17053149] J Struct Biol. 2007 Jan;157(1):117-25 [16828314] Mol Psychiatry. 2007 Dec;12(12):1129-39, 1057 [17667961] Neuron. 2007 Dec 20;56(6):979-91 [18093521] Neuron. 2007 Dec 20;56(6):992-1003 [18093522] Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2008 Jan;15(1):50-6 [18084303] J Biol Chem. 2008 Jan 25;283(4):2323-34 [18006501] Structure. 2008 Mar;16(3):422-31 [18334217] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Apr 1;105(13):5260-5 [18381821] Nature. 2008 Oct 16;455(7215):903-11 [18923512] PLoS One. 2009;4(3):e4880 [19287492] Trends Neurosci. 2009 Jul;32(7):402-12 [19541375] EMBO J. 2009 Oct 21;28(20):3244-55 [19730411] Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Sep;1(3):a003053 [20066110] Neuron. 2009 Dec 24;64(6):791-8 [20064387] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Apr 1;111(13):E1291-9 [24639501] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.606806 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meta-analysis of high-latitude nitrogen-addition and warming studies implies ecological mechanisms overlooked by land models AN - 1647000729; 21219761 AB - Accurate representation of ecosystem processes in land models is crucial for reducing predictive uncertainty in energy and greenhouse gas feedbacks with the climate. Here we describe an observational and modeling meta-analysis approach to benchmark land models, and apply the method to the land model CLM4.5 with two versions of belowground biogeochemistry. We focused our analysis on the aboveground and belowground responses to warming and nitrogen addition in high-latitude ecosystems, and identified absent or poorly parameterized mechanisms in CLM4.5. While the two model versions predicted similar soil carbon stock trajectories following both warming and nitrogen addition, other predicted variables (e.g., belowground respiration) differed from observations in both magnitude and direction, indicating that CLM4.5 has inadequate underlying mechanisms for representing high-latitude ecosystems. On the basis of observational synthesis, we attribute the model-observation differences to missing representations of microbial dynamics, aboveground and belowground coupling, and nutrient cycling, and we use the observational meta-analysis to discuss potential approaches to improving the current models. However, we also urge caution concerning the selection of data sets and experiments for meta-analysis. For example, the concentrations of nitrogen applied in the synthesized field experiments (average = 72 kg ha-1 yr-1) are many times higher than projected soil nitrogen concentrations (from nitrogen deposition and release during mineralization), which precludes a rigorous evaluation of the model responses to likely nitrogen perturbations. Overall, we demonstrate that elucidating ecological mechanisms via meta-analysis can identify deficiencies in ecosystem models and empirical experiments. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Bouskill, N J AU - Riley, W J AU - Tang, J Y AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2014/12/11/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 11 SP - 6969 EP - 6983 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 11 IS - 23 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Respiration KW - Climate KW - Nutrients KW - Mineralization KW - Nutrient cycles KW - Ecosystem models KW - Greenhouses KW - Soil KW - Carbon KW - Energy KW - Reviews KW - Feedback KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Benchmarks KW - Nitrogen KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1647000729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Meta-analysis+of+high-latitude+nitrogen-addition+and+warming+studies+implies+ecological+mechanisms+overlooked+by+land+models&rft.au=Bouskill%2C+N+J%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BTang%2C+J+Y&rft.aulast=Bouskill&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2014-12-11&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=6969&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-11-6969-2014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Biogeochemistry; Respiration; Climate; Nutrients; Mineralization; Ecosystem models; Greenhouses; Soil; Carbon; Reviews; Energy; Feedback; Nitrogen; Benchmarks; Greenhouse gases; Nutrient cycles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6969-2014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis of copper sulfide nanowire bundles in a mixed solvent as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries AN - 1642314471; 20842612 AB - Novel copper sulfide (CuS) nanowire bundles with a diameter of about 6 nm and a length up to several micrometers are successfully synthesized by a template- and surfactant-free method in a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-ethyl glycol (EG) mixed solvent. The resulting CuS nanowire bundles are used as a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries and exhibit a large capacity and excellent cycling stability and rate capability. The unique structure of the CuS nanowire bundles is responsible for their excellent electrochemical performance. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Feng, Caihong AU - Zhang, Le AU - Wang, Zhihui AU - Song, Xiangyun AU - Sun, Kening AU - Wu, Feng AU - Liu, Gao AD - School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., MS 70R108B, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2014/12/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 10 SP - 550 EP - 555 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 269 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Copper Technical Reference Library (CD) KW - Copper sulfide KW - Nanowire bundles KW - Mixed solvent KW - Lithium-ion batteries KW - Cathodes KW - SOLVENTS KW - SULFIDES KW - BATTERIES KW - Bundles KW - CU KW - COPPER SULFIDE KW - Solvents KW - Nanowires KW - Lithium batteries KW - MICROSTRUCTURES KW - Copper sulfides KW - Dimethyl sulfoxide KW - MICROWIRE KW - CATHODES KW - Micrometers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642314471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+copper+sulfide+nanowire+bundles+in+a+mixed+solvent+as+a+cathode+material+for+lithium-ion+batteries&rft.au=Feng%2C+Caihong%3BZhang%2C+Le%3BWang%2C+Zhihui%3BSong%2C+Xiangyun%3BSun%2C+Kening%3BWu%2C+Feng%3BLiu%2C+Gao&rft.aulast=Feng&rft.aufirst=Caihong&rft.date=2014-12-10&rft.volume=269&rft.issue=&rft.spage=550&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.07.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.07.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An investigation on corrosion protection of chromium nitride coated Fe-Cr alloy as a bipolar plate material for proton exchange membrane fuel cells AN - 1642314432; 20842555 AB - The corrosion properties of chromium nitride (CrN) coating are investigated to assess the potential use of this material as a bipolar plate for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Conductive metallic ceramic CrN layers are firstly deposited onto Fe-Cr alloy using a multi-arc ion plating technique to increase the corrosion resistance of the base alloy. Electrochemical measurements indicate that the corrosion resistance of the substrate alloy is greatly enhanced by the CrN coating. The free corrosion potential of the substrate is increased by more than 50 mV. Furthermore, a decrease in three orders of magnitude of corrosive current density for the CrN-coated alloy is observed compared to the as-received Fe-Cr alloy. Long-term immersion tests show that the CrN layer is highly stable and effectively acts as a barrier to inhibit permeation of corrosive species. On the contrary, corrosion of the Fe-Cr alloy is rather severe without the protection of CrN coating due to the active dissolution. Finally, the corresponding electrochemical impedance models are proposed to elucidate the corrosion process of the CrN/Fe-Cr alloy submerged in a simulated PEMFCs environment. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Pan, T J AU - Zhang, B AU - Li, J AU - He, Y X AU - Lin, F AD - School of Material Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou City 213164, China; Environmental Energy and Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA tjpan2005@gmail.com Y1 - 2014/12/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 10 SP - 81 EP - 87 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 269 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); METADEX (MD); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); Corrosion Abstracts (CO); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Chromium nitride coating KW - Corrosion KW - Metallic bipolar plate KW - Electrochemical measurement KW - Proton exchange membrane fuel cell KW - Intermetallic compounds KW - FeCr KW - Proton exchange membrane fuel cells KW - Chromium nitride KW - Coating KW - Exchange KW - Protective coatings KW - Corrosion resistance KW - Corrosion prevention KW - Ferrous alloys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642314432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=An+investigation+on+corrosion+protection+of+chromium+nitride+coated+Fe-Cr+alloy+as+a+bipolar+plate+material+for+proton+exchange+membrane+fuel+cells&rft.au=Pan%2C+T+J%3BZhang%2C+B%3BLi%2C+J%3BHe%2C+Y+X%3BLin%2C+F&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2014-12-10&rft.volume=269&rft.issue=&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.06.147 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.06.147 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nitric oxide plays a role in transmitting biochemical signal from the extracellular matrix for mammary epithelial morphogenesis T2 - 2014 American Society for Cell Biology and International Federation for Cell Biology Meeting (2014 ASCB/IFCB) AN - 1647638878; 6327947 JF - 2014 American Society for Cell Biology and International Federation for Cell Biology Meeting (2014 ASCB/IFCB) AU - Furuta, S AU - Bissell, M Y1 - 2014/12/06/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 06 KW - Biochemistry KW - Extracellular matrix KW - Morphogenesis KW - Nitric oxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1647638878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+American+Society+for+Cell+Biology+and+International+Federation+for+Cell+Biology+Meeting+%282014+ASCB%2FIFCB%29&rft.atitle=Nitric+oxide+plays+a+role+in+transmitting+biochemical+signal+from+the+extracellular+matrix+for+mammary+epithelial+morphogenesis&rft.au=Furuta%2C+S%3BBissell%2C+M&rft.aulast=Furuta&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+American+Society+for+Cell+Biology+and+International+Federation+for+Cell+Biology+Meeting+%282014+ASCB%2FIFCB%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ascb.org/2014meeting/program/files/assets/common/downloads/2014%20ASCB%20PROGRAM.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-23 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Reconstructing alveolar epithelial development using single-cell RNA-seq T2 - 2014 American Society for Cell Biology and International Federation for Cell Biology Meeting (2014 ASCB/IFCB) AN - 1647638840; 6328013 JF - 2014 American Society for Cell Biology and International Federation for Cell Biology Meeting (2014 ASCB/IFCB) AU - Brownfield, D AU - Treutlein, B AU - Krasnow, M AU - Quake, S AU - Espinoza, H AU - Desai, T AU - Wu, A. AU - Neff, N AU - Mantalas, G Y1 - 2014/12/06/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 06 KW - Alveoli UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1647638840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+American+Society+for+Cell+Biology+and+International+Federation+for+Cell+Biology+Meeting+%282014+ASCB%2FIFCB%29&rft.atitle=Reconstructing+alveolar+epithelial+development+using+single-cell+RNA-seq&rft.au=Brownfield%2C+D%3BTreutlein%2C+B%3BKrasnow%2C+M%3BQuake%2C+S%3BEspinoza%2C+H%3BDesai%2C+T%3BWu%2C+A.%3BNeff%2C+N%3BMantalas%2C+G&rft.aulast=Brownfield&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-12-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+American+Society+for+Cell+Biology+and+International+Federation+for+Cell+Biology+Meeting+%282014+ASCB%2FIFCB%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ascb.org/2014meeting/program/files/assets/common/downloads/2014%20ASCB%20PROGRAM.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-31 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoelectrochemical simulations of performance and abuse in 50-Ah automotive cells AN - 1642318931; 20658248 AB - The performance and thermal response of large-scale GS-Yuasa LEV50 50-Ah NMC automotive battery cells were investigated via simulation. To evaluate local transient temperature distributions, the Dualfoil model was coupled to local energy-balance equations. At similar C rates the difference between maximum and minimum temperature in the LEV50 was found to be higher than that in an 18650 cell with identical chemistry. Unlike thinner prismatic lithium ion batteries, the temperature variation through the cell thickness in the large-format cell was not negligible (-5 [degrees]C at 4C discharge). Because of the non-uniform temperature distribution within the jellyroll, the risk of lithium plating at high charging rates and low ambient temperatures may be greater toward the jellyroll exterior. Simulations of thermal abuse (oven test) of the large cell showed a delayed thermal response relative to the 18650, but also indicated a lower onset temperature for thermal runaway. JF - Journal of Power Sources AU - Kim, Sun Ung AU - Albertus, Paul AU - Cook, David AU - Monroe, Charles W AU - Christensen, Jake AD - Robert Bosch LLC, Research and Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 70R 0108B, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2014/12/05/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 05 SP - 625 EP - 633 PB - Elesevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 268 SN - 0378-7753, 0378-7753 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Lithium ion battery KW - Dualfoil model KW - Mathematical modeling KW - Lithium plating KW - Thermal runaway KW - Risk KW - Thermal response KW - Computer simulation KW - Plating KW - Automotive components KW - Temperature distribution KW - Ovens KW - Lithium UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642318931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Thermoelectrochemical+simulations+of+performance+and+abuse+in+50-Ah+automotive+cells&rft.au=Kim%2C+Sun+Ung%3BAlbertus%2C+Paul%3BCook%2C+David%3BMonroe%2C+Charles+W%3BChristensen%2C+Jake&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Sun&rft.date=2014-12-05&rft.volume=268&rft.issue=&rft.spage=625&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.issn=03787753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jpowsour.2014.06.060 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.06.060 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - X-ray computed tomography examination and comparison of gas hydrate dissociation in NGHP-01 Expedition (India) and Mount Elbert (Alaska) sediment cores; experimental observations and numerical modeling AN - 1840617220; 2016-097443 AB - Natural gas from methane hydrate could provide a desireable resource. As part of a long-term investigation of producing gas from methane hydrate, lab-scale gas production tests have been performed using natural cores from India's Natural Gas Hydrate Program 01 Expedition (NGHP-01), and from the Mount Elbert Stratigraphic Well on the North Slope, of Alaska. Prior to performing the gas production tests, a number of cores from the NGHP-01 were scanned using X-ray computed tomography (CT) to examine the gas hydrate-bearing sediment structure, which guided the selection of the core for the gas production test. Disseminated gas hydrate, gas hydrate in veins, and gas hydrate in nodules were observed or inferred from the CT data. Data from numerous core segments are presented here and in the supplemental information. In our gas production test, the gas hydrate in the NGHP-01 core was dissociated by warming the core to above the stability point, and then depressurizing the sample. A preserved sample of gas hydrate-bearing sandstone from the Mount Elbert Test Well was dissociated by depressurization. In both tests, the internal temperature of the sample was monitored in two locations and the density changes at high spatial resolution were measured using X-ray CT scanning. Although there were indications of dissociation in the NGHP-01 core, no gas was produced. The Mount Elbert sample contained two distinct regions having different porosity and grain size distributions. The gas hydrate dissociation occurred initially throughout the sample as a result of lowering the pressure below methane hydrate stability conditions. This initial depressurization stage in the experiment reduced the temperature to the methane hydrate equilibrium point, and the pressure was controlled so that the temperature remained above the ice point. After that, dissociation occurred from the outside into the core sample as a result of heat transfer from the controlled temperature bath surrounding the pressure vessel. Numerical modeling of the laboratory test results using TOUGH + HYDRATE yielded a gas production curve that closely matches the experimentally measured curve. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Marine and Petroleum Geology AU - Kneafsey, Timothy J AU - Moridis, George J Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 526 EP - 539 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 58 IS - Part A SN - 0264-8172, 0264-8172 KW - United States KW - clay KW - Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Scientific Research Well KW - dissociation KW - gas hydrates KW - natural gas KW - petroleum KW - Indian National Gas Hydrate Program KW - production KW - cores KW - temperature KW - marine sediments KW - Indian Ocean KW - digital simulation KW - sediments KW - sand KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - North Slope KW - clastic sediments KW - X-ray data KW - Alaska KW - exsolution KW - computed tomography data KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840617220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Petroleum+Geology&rft.atitle=X-ray+computed+tomography+examination+and+comparison+of+gas+hydrate+dissociation+in+NGHP-01+Expedition+%28India%29+and+Mount+Elbert+%28Alaska%29+sediment+cores%3B+experimental+observations+and+numerical+modeling&rft.au=Kneafsey%2C+Timothy+J%3BMoridis%2C+George+J&rft.aulast=Kneafsey&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Petroleum+Geology&rft.issn=02648172&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.marpetgeo.2014.06.016 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02648172 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; clastic sediments; clay; computed tomography data; cores; digital simulation; dissociation; exsolution; gas hydrates; Indian National Gas Hydrate Program; Indian Ocean; marine sediments; Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Scientific Research Well; natural gas; North Slope; numerical models; petroleum; pressure; production; sand; sediments; temperature; United States; X-ray data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.06.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the physical and geotechnical properties of gas-hydrate-bearing sediments from offshore India and other gas-hydrate-reservoir systems AN - 1840616829; 2016-097418 AB - The sediment characteristics of hydrate-bearing reservoirs profoundly affect the formation, distribution, and morphology of gas hydrate. The presence and type of gas, porewater chemistry, fluid migration, and subbottom temperature may govern the hydrate formation process, but it is the host sediment that commonly dictates final hydrate habit, and whether hydrate may be economically developed. In this paper, the physical properties of hydrate-bearing regions offshore eastern India (Krishna-Godavari and Mahanadi Basins) and the Andaman Islands, determined from Expedition NGHP-01 cores, are compared to each other, well logs, and published results of other hydrate reservoirs. Properties from the hydrate-free Kerala-Konkan basin off the west coast of India are also presented. Coarser-grained reservoirs (permafrost-related and marine) may contain high gas-hydrate-pore saturations, while finer-grained reservoirs may contain low-saturation disseminated or more complex gas-hydrates, including nodules, layers, and high-angle planar and rotational veins. However, even in these fine-grained sediments, gas hydrate preferentially forms in coarser sediment or fractures, when present. The presence of hydrate in conjunction with other geologic processes may be responsible for sediment porosity being nearly uniform for almost 500 m off the Andaman Islands. Properties of individual NGHP-01 wells and regional trends are discussed in detail. However, comparison of marine and permafrost-related Arctic reservoirs provides insight into the inter-relationships and common traits between physical properties and the morphology of gas-hydrate reservoirs regardless of location. Extrapolation of properties from one location to another also enhances our understanding of gas-hydrate reservoir systems. Grain size and porosity effects on permeability are critical, both locally to trap gas and regionally to provide fluid flow to hydrate reservoirs. Index properties corroborate more advanced consolidation and triaxial strength test results and can be used for predicting behavior in other NGHP-01 regions. Pseudo-overconsolidation is present near the seafloor and is underlain by underconsolidation at depth at some NGHP-01 locations. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Marine and Petroleum Geology AU - Winters, W J AU - Wilcox-Cline, R W AU - Long, P AU - Dewri, S K AU - Kumar, P AU - Stern, L AU - Kerr, L Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 139 EP - 167 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 58 IS - Part A SN - 0264-8172, 0264-8172 KW - United States KW - shear strength KW - permafrost KW - Northeast Pacific KW - gas hydrates KW - thermal conductivity KW - Andaman Sea KW - Krishna-Godavari Basin KW - Mahanandi Basin KW - triaxial tests KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - cores KW - Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge KW - India KW - marine sediments KW - Indian Ocean KW - Indian Peninsula KW - eastern India KW - sediments KW - Leg 204 KW - Asia KW - Atterberg limits KW - Expedition 311 KW - East Pacific KW - soil mechanics KW - well logs KW - North Slope KW - grain size KW - Integrated Ocean Drilling Program KW - electron microscopy data KW - Hydrate Ridge KW - Northwest Territories KW - case studies KW - physical properties KW - Bay of Bengal KW - Canada KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Western Canada KW - Alaska KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - North Atlantic KW - Cascadia subduction zone KW - SEM data KW - permeability KW - consolidation KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1840616829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Petroleum+Geology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+physical+and+geotechnical+properties+of+gas-hydrate-bearing+sediments+from+offshore+India+and+other+gas-hydrate-reservoir+systems&rft.au=Winters%2C+W+J%3BWilcox-Cline%2C+R+W%3BLong%2C+P%3BDewri%2C+S+K%3BKumar%2C+P%3BStern%2C+L%3BKerr%2C+L&rft.aulast=Winters&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=Part+A&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Petroleum+Geology&rft.issn=02648172&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.marpetgeo.2014.07.024 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02648172 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 125 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Andaman Sea; Asia; Atlantic Ocean; Atterberg limits; Bay of Bengal; Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge; Canada; Cascadia subduction zone; case studies; consolidation; cores; East Pacific; eastern India; electron microscopy data; Expedition 311; gas hydrates; grain size; Gulf of Mexico; Hydrate Ridge; India; Indian Ocean; Indian Peninsula; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program; Krishna-Godavari Basin; Leg 204; Mahanandi Basin; marine sediments; North Atlantic; North Pacific; North Slope; Northeast Pacific; Northwest Territories; Ocean Drilling Program; Pacific Ocean; permafrost; permeability; physical properties; sediments; SEM data; shear strength; soil mechanics; thermal conductivity; triaxial tests; United States; well logs; Western Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impacts of mechanical stress transfers caused by hydromechanical and thermal processes on fault stability during hydraulic stimulation in a deep geothermal reservoir AN - 1815672065; 2016-075066 AB - We performed a series of 3D thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) simulations to study the influences of hydromechanical and thermal processes on the development of an enhanced geothermal system, strongly influenced by a network of short fault zones. The model we developed was calibrated by comparing the simulated THM responses to field observations, including ground-surface deformations, well pressure, and microseismic activity. Of particular importance was the comparison between the observed temporal and spatial distribution of microseismic activity, and the calculated shear reactivation of preexisting fractures inferred from simulated elasto-plastic mechanical responses in the short fault zones. Using this approach, we could identify when fault zones were reactivated (as manifested in the field by a surge of local microseismic activity within the fault zone), and we could back-calculate the in situ stress field as being close to the stress conditions required for shear reactivation. Our results show that the main mechanisms of inducing seismicity are related to injection-induced pressure increase and cooling. During injection, the reservoir expansion caused by the pressure increase led to mechanical stress transfer through the reservoir, which prevented or delayed the reactivation of preexisting fractures. After injection stopped, there was an inversion of the mechanical stress transfers that favored shear reactivation, which may explain why microseismic activity occurred after the cessation of the injection. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Walters, Mark AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Garcia, Julio Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 149 EP - 163 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 72 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - United States KW - TOUGH2 KW - simulation KW - California KW - fractures KW - seismicity KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Sonoma County California KW - induced earthquakes KW - faults KW - numerical models KW - specific heat KW - geothermal engineering KW - enhanced recovery KW - tensile strength KW - porosity KW - boundary conditions KW - geothermal energy KW - computer programs KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - thermomechanical properties KW - reservoir properties KW - dilation KW - earthquakes KW - permeability KW - fault zones KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1815672065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=The+impacts+of+mechanical+stress+transfers+caused+by+hydromechanical+and+thermal+processes+on+fault+stability+during+hydraulic+stimulation+in+a+deep+geothermal+reservoir&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+Pierre%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BGarcia%2C+Julio&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2014.09.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-01 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; California; computer programs; dilation; earthquakes; enhanced recovery; fault zones; faults; fractures; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; geothermal fields; induced earthquakes; numerical models; permeability; porosity; reservoir properties; seismicity; sensitivity analysis; simulation; Sonoma County California; specific heat; tensile strength; The Geysers; thermomechanical properties; TOUGH2; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.09.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observation of 23 supernovae that exploded <300 pc from Earth during the past 300 kyr in the radiocarbon and (super 10) Be cosmogenic isotope record AN - 1769967892; 2016-017847 AB - The global excess radiocarbon abundance record for the past 50 kyr can be entirely explained by the explosion of four supernovae 44, 37, 32, and 22 kyr ago less than 250 pc from Earth. Each supernova left a nearly identical signature beginning with a sudden increase at the time of the explosion, followed by a hiatus of 1500 years, and continuing with a sustained, 2000 year increase in radiocarbon from gamma rays produced by diffusive shock in the supernova remnant. For the past 18 kyr excess radiocarbon from SN22kyrBP, identified as the Vela supernova, has decayed with the 5700 year half-life of 14C. The absolute scale for radiocarbon abundance has been determined from the decay curve as Delta 14C=5+ or -2% in 1950. Small oscillations in the decay curve are shown to coincide with variations in Earth's Virtual Axial Dipole Moment (VADM). SN44kyrBP exploded approximately 110 pc from Earth doubling the radiocarbon abundance. These supernovae are confirmed in the 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl and nitrate geological records. An additional 19 supernovae are observed 50-300 kyr ago in the 10Be record. Using the Earth as a calorimeter I have determined that approximated 2X1049 ergs were released at the time of each supernova explosion and 1049-50 ergs afterwards, consistent with theoretical predictions. The background rate of radiocarbon productions from more distant sources was determined as 1.61 atoms/cm2s at the top of the atmosphere. Although little danger to life on Earth is expected from these supernovae, each of the recent events were shown to correlate with concurrent global warming of 3-4 degrees C. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Firestone, R B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract P23B EP - 3991 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769967892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Observation+of+23+supernovae+that+exploded+%26lt%3B300+pc+from+Earth+during+the+past+300+kyr+in+the+radiocarbon+and+%28super+10%29+Be+cosmogenic+isotope+record&rft.au=Firestone%2C+R+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Firestone&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wide aperture imaging strategies for 3D elastic full-waveform inversion; application to the Marmousi model AN - 1769964051; 2016-018258 AB - An application of the 3D elastic full-waveform inversion (FWI) to wide-aperture seismic data obtained for a complex geological setting is presented. Imaging is implemented in the Fourier domain, exploiting damped wave fields. The modeling part is solved with a finite-difference method. The non-linear conjugate gradient method is used for the inverse problem solution. The nonlinearity of FWI leads to the presence of local and multiple minima in the least-squares error functional especially for large offset problems. That leads to the shutdown of the inverse problem convergence and uncertainty in the solution. An accurate starting velocity model can avoid this problem, but in many cases may not be available. Hence other strategies are necessary to address the problem. We propose a robust inversion process for an arbitrary starting velocity model, which allows avoiding local minima and obtaining acceptable images of the deep seated structures defined by large offset data. We proceed from the assumption that decreasing data offset reduces local minima problems but decreases the depth of the recovered image. So, the inversion process is realized sequentially from small to large offsets, allowing recovery of geological structures over the entire depth range of interest from the near surface to deeper depths sensed only by large aperture offsets. Increasing of data offset is first performed at the lowest frequency and then proceeding with treatment of all data offsets from low to high frequencies. A reverse loop is also implemented in the laddering of frequencies, where after the inversion at high frequencies and all offsets we return to the lower frequencies data to continue the IP. Returning to lower frequency data provides helping to ameliorate multiple minima encountered in the inversion. The inversion then concludes by sweeping over higher frequency data, at all offsets. We demonstrate our strategies for treating wide aperture offset data on the Marmousi model, using a linearly increasing starting velocity model with depth. Our results suggest that FWI exploiting variable data offsets, up to 10 km, can be applied successfully to frequencies up to 6 Hz, and it is possible to develop accurate 3D velocity images down to depths of 3.5 km at the resolution that approaches half the smallest wavelength utilized in FWI. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Petrov, P AU - Newman, Gregory A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract S23C EP - 4546 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769964051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Wide+aperture+imaging+strategies+for+3D+elastic+full-waveform+inversion%3B+application+to+the+Marmousi+model&rft.au=Petrov%2C+P%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Petrov&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reservoir characterization based upon the onset of time-lapse changes AN - 1769963844; 2016-017683 AB - Time-lapse geophysical monitoring has significant potential as a tool for reservoir characterization, that is for determining reservoir properties such as permeability. Onset times, the calendar time at which geophysical observations begin to deviate from their initial or background values, provide a useful basis for such characterization. We find that, in contrast to time-lapse amplitude changes, onset times are not sensitive to the exact method used to related changes in fluid saturation to changes in seismic velocities. As a consequence of this, we find that an inversion for effective permeability based upon onset times is robust with respect to variations in the rock physics model. Furthermore, synthetic tests indicate that onset times can be obtained from noisy seismic amplitudes. Testing also indicates that large-scale effective permeability variations can be recovered even if we use onset timesfrom seismic surveys that are spaced as much as 300 days apart. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vasco, D W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract NS33B EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769963844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Reservoir+characterization+based+upon+the+onset+of+time-lapse+changes&rft.au=Vasco%2C+D+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vasco&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Velocity-dependent frictional behavior and slip magnitude of a fault affected by fluid injection activities AN - 1769963742; 2016-018272 AB - Fluid injection is performed or planned for various activities, such as CO2 sequestration, gas storage, waste water disposal, and engineered geothermal system. Static stress and pressure perturbation due to the fluid injection may cause different scale earthquake phenomena, from instrumental recorded micro-seismicity to triggering of human-felt events. With this study we present a sensitivity analysis of the slip magnitude for the fluid injection in a reservoir-like structure. The reservoir, confined within impervious rock units, is composed by a porous rock mass laterally bounded by a fault. The fault is hydraulically connected to the fluid hosting unit. The numerical analysis is based on fully explicit sequential coupling between a multiphase fluid flow and a hydromechanical finite element calculation code. When the system conditions approaches failure, the simulation is performed in a fully dynamic mode. The coupling allows simulating change in permeability due to stress/strain change, as well as the slip on the fault due to overpressure and associated stress changes. Interface elements have been used to include the constitutive law characterizing the frictional behaviour of the fault. The change in friction with different slip velocities has been derived from laboratory results. Velocity- and strain-dependent frictional behavior of different patches of the fault influence the system evolution, resulting in larger or smaller slip length for the same injected volume. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Urpi, L AU - Rinaldi, Antonio P AU - Spiers, C J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract S23D EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769963742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Velocity-dependent+frictional+behavior+and+slip+magnitude+of+a+fault+affected+by+fluid+injection+activities&rft.au=Urpi%2C+L%3BRinaldi%2C+Antonio+P%3BSpiers%2C+C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Urpi&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a surface-wave imaging system for geotechnical applications based on distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and ambient noise interferometry AN - 1769963690; 2016-017723 AB - Distributed fiber-optic sensing methods have been used since the 1980's for continuous monitoring of near-surface soil properties, typically exploiting Raman scattering to measure temperature (DTS) or stimulated Brillouin scattering to measure strain (DSS). Recent advances in high speed measurement of Rayleigh scattering has enabled distributed recording of seismic waves over long sections of fiber; this approach, referred to as distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has the potential to allow nearly continuous monitoring of near-surface mechanical properties, a crucial target for geotechnical management of infrastructure dependent on soil strength. We present initial results from our effort to build a real-time soil property monitoring system based on DAS; our approach employs seismic interferometry and dispersion analysis of ambient noise generated by infrastructure to provide a continuously updated model of shear modulus. Our preliminary results include an in-depth investigation of DAS fiber response in the context of active sources; this component of our study verifies classical models for the azimuthal response of straight fibers to propagating surface waves. We also explore the "noisescape" of linear infrastructure and show a usable seismic signal band of 8-40 hz at a series of sites, primarily consisting of Rayleigh waves. Finally, we present preliminary results from a DAS monitoring array installed at the Richmond Field Station near a heavily used road and compare interferometric processing of the acquired data to that generated by surface deployment of geophones. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Daley, T M AU - Freifeld, B M AU - Tang, David G AU - Zhang, R AU - Wagner (CRREL), Anna M AU - Dou, S AU - Lindsey, N AU - Bjella (CRREL), Kevin AU - Pevzner, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract NS41C EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769963690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+surface-wave+imaging+system+for+geotechnical+applications+based+on+distributed+acoustic+sensing+%28DAS%29+and+ambient+noise+interferometry&rft.au=Ajo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BFreifeld%2C+B+M%3BTang%2C+David+G%3BZhang%2C+R%3BWagner+%28CRREL%29%2C+Anna+M%3BDou%2C+S%3BLindsey%2C+N%3BBjella+%28CRREL%29%2C+Kevin%3BPevzner%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ajo+Franklin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design of an optimal microseismic monitoring network; synthetic study for the Kimberlina CO2 storage demonstration site AN - 1769963594; 2016-018285 AB - As part of the U.S. DOE initiative, National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) to develop quantitative risk assessment methodologies for carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), we explore the design of an optimal microseismic monitoring network using synthetic earthquake data for the Kimberlina CCUS pilot site in California. The overpressure field calculated by fluid flow modeling within a reservoir confined by two fault zones in the vicinity of the Kimberlina injection well is input to induced earthquake simulations carried out using the code RSQSim (Dieterich and Richards-Dinger, Seismol. Res. Let., 2012). Velocity and attenuation structures developed using geological data for the reservoir overburden and underburden are used for numerical wave propagation modeling to calculate surface ground motion time series produced by the simulated microseismic events. We then invert the time series data using a fat-ray double-difference tomography method to locate the events, and compare the results with the known locations. The tomography method is applied to time series calculated for different surface recording network configurations to study the resulting variations in event locations uncertainties, and to assess an optimal network for cost-effective, long-term monitoring for CCUS. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Huang, L AU - Chen, T AU - Lin, Y AU - Foxall, William AU - Hutchings, L J AU - Bachmann, C E AU - Daley, T M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract S31A EP - 4372 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769963594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Design+of+an+optimal+microseismic+monitoring+network%3B+synthetic+study+for+the+Kimberlina+CO2+storage+demonstration+site&rft.au=Huang%2C+L%3BChen%2C+T%3BLin%2C+Y%3BFoxall%2C+William%3BHutchings%2C+L+J%3BBachmann%2C+C+E%3BDaley%2C+T+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting injection related changes in seismic properties at Kevin Dome, north central Montana, using well logs and laboratory measurements AN - 1769963515; 2016-018292 AB - Time-lapse seismic monitoring (4D) is currently the primary technique available for tracking sequestered CO2 in a geologic storage reservoir away from monitoring wells. The main seismic responses to injection are those due to direct fluid substitution, changes in differential pressure, and chemical interactions with reservoir rocks; the importance of each depends on reservoir/injection properties and temporal/spatial scales of interest. As part of the Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership, we are monitoring the upcoming large scale (1 million ton+) CO2 injection in Kevin Dome, north central Montana. As part of this research, we predict the relative significance of these three effects, as an aid in design of field surveys. Analysis is undertaken using existing open-hole well log data and cores from wells drilled at producer and injector pads as well as core experiments. For this demonstration site, CO2 will be produced from a natural reservoir and re-injected down dip, where the formation is saturated with brine. Effective medium models based on borehole seismic velocity measurements predict relatively small effects (less than 40 m/s change in Vp) due to the injection of more compressible supercritical CO2. This is due to the stiff dolomite reservoir rock, with high seismic velocities (Vp approximately 6000 m/s, Vs approximately 3000 m/s) and fairly low porosity (<10%). Assuming pure dolomite mineralogy, these models predict a slight increase in Vp during CO2 injection. This velocity increase is due to the lower density of CO2 relative to brine; which outweighs the small change in modulus compared to the stiff reservoir rock. We present both room pressure and in-situ P/T ultrasonic experiments using core samples obtained from the reservoir; such measurements are undertaken to access the expected seismic velocities under pressurized injection. The reservoir appears to have fairly low permeability. Large-volume injection is expected to produce large local pore pressure increases, which may have the largest immediate effect on seismic velocities. Increasing pore pressure lowers the differential pressure due to confining stress, which decreases seismic velocities by opening cracks. The magnitude of this effect depends both on rock microstructure and fracture at the field scale; core scale measurements will help separate these effects. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Saltiel, Seth AU - Bonner, B P AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract S31A EP - 4379 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769963515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Predicting+injection+related+changes+in+seismic+properties+at+Kevin+Dome%2C+north+central+Montana%2C+using+well+logs+and+laboratory+measurements&rft.au=Saltiel%2C+Seth%3BBonner%2C+B+P%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Saltiel&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preparing for NEO sample return; simulating the effects of laser space weathering on macromolecular carbon AN - 1769963258; 2016-018041 AB - The NASA OSIRIS-REx mission plans to visit a B-type asteroid and return pristine regolith samples to Earth. These regolith samples, like those returned by the JAXA Hayabusa mission from Itokawa, will likely exhibit some modification by space weathering (SW). Further, these samples may contain up to approximately 5% organic carbon, mainly in the form of macromolecular carbon (MMC). MMC in meteorites can be studied with Raman spectroscopy; changes in its Raman spectral parameters have been shown to correlate with the petrographic grade of the meteorite. But these petrographic studies are calibrated with internal pieces of meteorite samples, so the MMC seen in meteorites has not experienced SW. Hence, it is important to determine the effects of SW may have on the MMC and its Raman spectrum. Laser pulse heating experiments that simulate the micrometeorite impact component of SW have been carried out in samples of pure graphite, and carbonaceous chondrites Allende (CV3) and Murchison (CM2). Pulse heating was done in vacuum (1X10-6 torr) with a 20 Hz 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, a 6 ns pulse duration (30 mJ/pulse), and a 200 mu m spot size. Raman spectra were collected on the each sample using a WITec alpha300 R confocal Raman microscope, with a 1 mW 532 nm continuous laser and a approximately 10 mu m laser spot size. UVVIS-NIR (0.4-2.5 mu m) reflectance was measured using an Analytical Spectral Devices Inc. FieldSpec 4 spectrometer. Based on its Raman spectra, the original pure graphite is modified to nanocrystalline graphite by 10 minutes (12,000 laser pulses), and further modified to glassy carbon (amorphous 3-coordinate carbon) within 20 minutes (24,000 laser pulses). Vapor deposited on the side of the sample holder has a Raman spectrum consistent with amorphous carbon glass (3- and 4-coordinate carbon). Laser SW carried out on a slab of Murchison resulted in the production of glassy carbon inside siliceous melt blobs in the laser craters. Surprisingly, the Raman spectrum for MMC in Allende powder does not change, despite the production of melt glass and changes to its reflectance spectra. To confirm our Raman results, compositional and structural analyses of the carbon bearing SW products in Allende and Murchison will be done using transmission electron microscopy. Future work will expand our samples to other aqueously altered meteorites such as CI1 and CM1 chondrites JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gasda, P J AU - Gillis-Davis, J AU - Bradley, J P AU - ChengYu, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract P51D EP - 3969 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769963258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Preparing+for+NEO+sample+return%3B+simulating+the+effects+of+laser+space+weathering+on+macromolecular+carbon&rft.au=Gasda%2C+P+J%3BGillis-Davis%2C+J%3BBradley%2C+J+P%3BChengYu%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gasda&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PSHA for strong ground-motion hazards in marmara region, Turkey with physically-based ground motion prediction methodology AN - 1769963193; 2016-018349 AB - We perform a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) for strong ground motion within the Marmara region, Turkey, from potential earthquakes along the North Anatolian fault segments in and around Marmara Sea. Because of the increasing awareness of earthquake threat in the Marmara Region, the need for seismic hazard studies has become progressively more important for planning risk reduction actions. We perform the PSHA utilizing empirical Green's functions (EGFs) along with models of finite rupture in place of standard "attenuation relations". The important aspect of this study is that we combined the basic PSHA with ground motion simulations and obtained hazard analysis for all significant magnitude earthquakes, and provide the necessary full-waveform simulated ground motions to calculate building response, and thus risk. Recordings of small earthquakes from a local seismic array operated by Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) were used as EGFs. Over the past 50 years, probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) has been based upon estimating annual frequency of exceedance for a ground-motion parameter at a particular site (i.e., a hazard curve, Cornell, 1968). In the present study, we estimated the seismic hazard in Marmara Region and we expand and utilize the "physically based" approach proposed by Hutchings et al. (2007), Scognamiglio and Hutchings (2009). This approach replaces the aleatory uncertainty that current PSHA studies estimate by regression of empirical parameters with epistemic uncertainty that is expressed by the variability in the physical parameters of earthquake rupture. Epistemic uncertainty can be reduced by further research. By 'physically based' we refer to ground motion synthesized with quasi-dynamic rupture models derived from physics and an understanding of earthquake process. This methodology provides source- and site-specific calculations of full-waveform ground motion time histories, which is important for nonlinear dynamic analysis of structures, and reduce uncertainties in estimating standard engineering parameters. Further, based on these calculations, PSHA results are presented 2%, 10% and 50% hazards for all investigated sites in Marmara Region. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mert, A AU - Fahjan, Y AU - Hutchings, L J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract S31C EP - 4436 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 19:Seismology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1769963193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=PSHA+for+strong+ground-motion+hazards+in+marmara+region%2C+Turkey+with+physically-based+ground+motion+prediction+methodology&rft.au=Mert%2C+A%3BFahjan%2C+Y%3BHutchings%2C+L+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mert&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-03 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Searching for life in Death Valley (and other deserts); microchemical investigations on desert varnish AN - 1765878570; 2016-013868 AB - Desert varnishes are thin, shiny, blackish to brown coatings frequently found on the surfaces of exposed rocks in deserts around the globe. They have been proposed as terrestrial analogues of superficial hematite enrichments observed on Mars. While the first scientific studies of such varnishes go back to Darwin and von Humboldt, and intensive studies by a variety of techniques have been conducted over the last few decades, their origin is still a matter of debate. Microscopic and molecular studies have shown the presence of fungi and bacteria, but it is still unclear whether they are involved in the formation of the varnish material or just opportunistic colonizers on available surfaces. We have analysed samples of desert varnish from sites in Death Valley, the Mojave Desert, the Negev of Israel, Central Saudi Arabia, and the Succulent Karoo by a variety of microanalytical techniques. Measurements by UV-femtosecond Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry show enrichments of manganese, iron, barium and other elements. Isotopic and trace chemical signatures show that these enriched elements cannot originate from the rocks that form the substrate on which the crusts have been deposited, but most likely are the result of (bio?)chemical transformation of windblown material. For a more detailed investigation of the internal structure of the crusts, we prepared ultra-thin sections ( approximately 100 nm) using focused ion beam slicing and analysed them by Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy with Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure spectroscopy (STXM-NEXAFS). This technique revealed layered or chaotic structures consisting of alternating Mn and Fe-rich zones. Some of these layers are enriched in organic carbon with spectral features dominated by aromatic and carboxylate functionalities, indicating a biological origin of some of the crust material. Some crusts also show cavities that are lined with similar organic material. Since the age of these crusts is of the order of 100-10,000 of years, this organic matter must represent fossil evidence that has survived intensive solar radiation, extreme temperatures, and chemical weathering over long periods of time within microns from the varnish surface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Andreae, M O AU - Al-Amri, A M AU - Jochum, K P AU - Kappl, M AU - Kilcoyne, A D AU - Macholdt, D AU - Mueller, M AU - Poehlker, C AU - Weber, B AU - Weigand, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract P21D EP - 3949 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765878570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Searching+for+life+in+Death+Valley+%28and+other+deserts%29%3B+microchemical+investigations+on+desert+varnish&rft.au=Andreae%2C+M+O%3BAl-Amri%2C+A+M%3BJochum%2C+K+P%3BKappl%2C+M%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+D%3BMacholdt%2C+D%3BMueller%2C+M%3BPoehlker%2C+C%3BWeber%2C+B%3BWeigand%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Andreae&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Akuna; an open source user environment for managing subsurface simulation workflows AN - 1765878266; 2016-011700 AB - The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is investing in development of a numerical modeling toolset called ASCEM (Advanced Simulation Capability for Environmental Management) to support modeling analyses at legacy waste sites. ASCEM is an open source and modular computing framework that incorporates new advances and tools for predicting contaminant fate and transport in natural and engineered systems. The ASCEM toolset includes both a Platform with Integrated Toolsets (called Akuna) and a High-Performance Computing multi-process simulator (called Amanzi). The focus of this presentation is on Akuna, an open-source user environment that manages subsurface simulation workflows and associated data and metadata. In this presentation, key elements of Akuna are demonstrated, which includes toolsets for model setup, database management, sensitivity analysis, parameter estimation, uncertainty quantification, and visualization of both model setup and simulation results. A key component of the workflow is in the automated job launching and monitoring capabilities, which allow a user to submit and monitor simulation runs on high-performance, parallel computers. Visualization of large outputs can also be performed without moving data back to local resources. These capabilities make high-performance computing accessible to the users who might not be familiar with batch queue systems and usage protocols on different supercomputers and clusters. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Freedman, Vicky L AU - Agarwal, D AU - Bensema, K AU - Finsterle, S AU - Gable, C W AU - Keating, E H AU - Krishnan, H AU - Lansing, Carina AU - Moeglein, William AU - Pau, G S H AU - Porter, Ellen AU - Scheibe, Tim D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H44D EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765878266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Akuna%3B+an+open+source+user+environment+for+managing+subsurface+simulation+workflows&rft.au=Freedman%2C+Vicky+L%3BAgarwal%2C+D%3BBensema%2C+K%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BGable%2C+C+W%3BKeating%2C+E+H%3BKrishnan%2C+H%3BLansing%2C+Carina%3BMoeglein%2C+William%3BPau%2C+G+S+H%3BPorter%2C+Ellen%3BScheibe%2C+Tim+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=Vicky&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium and strontium isotopic study of the hydrology of the alluvial aquifer at the Rifle former U mine tailings site, Colorado AN - 1765878013; 2016-011664 AB - The Rifle Site consists of a floodplain along the Colorado River that was remediated through the removal of surface material underlying former uranium-vanadium mill tailings. The semi-arid (precip.= approximately 30 cm/year) catchment for the site has an area of approximately 1 km2. The Rifle Site provides an excellent field laboratory for the study of the fluxes of water and carbon from the vadose zone to groundwater (LBNL SFA2.0, http://esd.lbl.gov/research/projects/sssfa2/). A network of monitoring wells, particularly a set instrumented in the vadose zone, provide the opportunity to closely sample groundwater and vadose zone porewater both in space and time. In order to better understand the spatial and temporal variation of vadose zone interaction with groundwater within the Rifle floodplain and provide constraints for a Rifle hydrological model, we have analyzed the Sr isotopic compositions, (super 234) U/ (super 238) U activity ratios, and delta (super 238) U of groundwater, vadose zone porewater (sampled through depth-distributed lysimeters) and surface water including the Colorado River. Significant contrasts in (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr and (super 234) U/ (super 238) U allow the identification of different sources contributing to Rifle groundwater, while delta (super 238) U provides an additional tracer and insights into redox processes. Vadose zone porewater is characterized by high (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr and Sr concentrations and falls at one end of a mixing line with Rifle groundwater, while upgradient groundwater with lower (super 87) Sr/ (super 86) Sr and Sr concentrations falls at the other end. A mixing model using vadose zone porewater and upgradient groundwater as endmembers suggests that the contribution of vertical recharge through the floodplain increases to approximately 20% systematically across the floodplain towards the Colorado River. An exception to this pattern is a well located 150 m from the river with recent high U concentrations (>300 ppb) and U and Sr isotopic compositions consistent with a 38% vadose zone contribution. U and Sr isotopes show that an irrigation-return ditch that cuts the site near its eastern edge has significant hydraulic connectivity with the aquifer affecting nearby wells and constraining the boundary conditions for the Rifle hydrologic model. Vadose zone porewater has delta (super 235) U ranging from 0.03 to 0.6 ppm reflecting local smear-zone redox processes or the history of ore sources processed at the Rifle Mill. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Christensen, J N AU - Shiel, A E AU - Conrad, M E AU - Williams, K H AU - Dong, Wenming AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Wan, J AU - Long, Phil E AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H43N EP - 1174 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765878013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Uranium+and+strontium+isotopic+study+of+the+hydrology+of+the+alluvial+aquifer+at+the+Rifle+former+U+mine+tailings+site%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Christensen%2C+J+N%3BShiel%2C+A+E%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BDong%2C+Wenming%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BWan%2C+J%3BLong%2C+Phil+E%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Amanzi; an open-source multi-process simulator for environmental applications AN - 1765876891; 2016-011818 AB - The Advanced Simulation Capabililty for Environmental Management (ASCEM) program is developing an approach and open-source tool suite for standardized risk and performance assessments at legacy nuclear waste sites. These assessments begin with simplified models, and add geometric and geologic complexity as understanding is gained. The Platform toolsets (Akuna) generates these conceptual models and Amanzi provides the computational engine to perform the simulations, returning the results for analysis and visualization. In this presentation we highlight key elements of the design, algorithms and implementations used in Amanzi. In particular, the hierarchical and modular design is aligned with the coupled processes being simulated, and naturally supports a wide range of model complexity. This design leverages a dynamic data manager and the synergy of two graphs (one from the high-level perspective of the models the other from the dependencies of the variables in the model) to enable this flexible model configuration at run time. Moreover, to model sites with complex hydrostratigraphy, as well as engineered systems, we are developing a dual unstructured/structured capability. Recently, these capabilities have been collected in a framework named Arcos, and efforts have begun to improve interoperability between the unstructured and structured AMR approaches in Amanzi. To leverage a range of biogeochemistry capability from the community (e.g., CrunchFlow, PFLOTRAN, etc.), a biogeochemistry interface library was developed called Alquimia. To ensure that Amanzi is truly an open-source community code we require a completely open-source tool chain for our development. We will comment on elements of this tool chain, including the testing and documentation development tools such as docutils, and Sphinx. Finally, we will show simulation results from our phased demonstrations, including the geochemically complex Savannah River F-Area seepage basins. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Moulton, J D AU - Molins, S AU - Johnson, J N AU - Coon, E AU - Lipnikov, K AU - Day, M AU - Barker, Erin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H51K EP - 0758 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765876891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Amanzi%3B+an+open-source+multi-process+simulator+for+environmental+applications&rft.au=Moulton%2C+J+D%3BMolins%2C+S%3BJohnson%2C+J+N%3BCoon%2C+E%3BLipnikov%2C+K%3BDay%2C+M%3BBarker%2C+Erin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moulton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Equation of state and spin transition of (Mg, Fe)O at high pressures AN - 1765873942; 2016-011985 AB - Earth's lower mantle occupies more than half of Earth's volume, and is composed primarily of bridgmanites and (Mg,Fe)O "ferropericlase." Knowledge of the behavior of lower mantle minerals is essential for interpreting complexity in the deep Earth. Although it is suggested that (Mg,Fe)O represents a major volume fraction of Earth's interior, the iron concentration of (Mg,Fe)O is not very well constrained at all depths of the lower mantle. Near the base of the lower mantle, an enhanced iron content may be found due to melting events in Earth's history and/or reactions with the iron-dominant liquid outer core. Here we examine the high-pressure behavior of polycrystalline (Mg,Fe)O containing 48 mol% FeO ("FP48"), loaded hydrostatically with neon as a pressure medium. Using x-ray diffraction and synchrotron Mossbauer spectroscopy we measure the equation of state of FP48 to about 80 GPa at 300 K and hyperfine parameters to 100 GPa at 300 K, respectively. A gradual volume drop is observed between approximately 55 and 75 GPa. To confirm that the observed volume drop is due to a spin crossover, the quadrupole splitting (QS) and isomer shift (IS) of Fe2+ are determined as a function of pressure. At low pressures, our spectra are fitted with two Fe (super 2+) -like sites. At pressures between 43 and 81 GPa, an additional Fe (super 2+) -like site with a QS of 0 is required, indicative of low-spin iron. Above 93 GPa, two low-spin Fe (super 2+) -like sites explain the data well, signifying the completion of the spin crossover. Using a spin crossover equation of state, we have determined the volume drop at the calculated transition pressure and the relevant elastic properties of FP48. Our results are compared to previous measurements of (Mg,Fe)O with varying concentrations of iron at high pressures. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Solomatova, N V AU - Jackson, J M AU - Sturhahn, Wolfgang AU - Zhao, J AU - Toellner, T AU - Kalkan, B AU - Wicks, J K AU - Steinhardt, W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract MR41A EP - 4376 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 17B:Geophysics of minerals and rocks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765873942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Equation+of+state+and+spin+transition+of+%28Mg%2C+Fe%29O+at+high+pressures&rft.au=Solomatova%2C+N+V%3BJackson%2C+J+M%3BSturhahn%2C+Wolfgang%3BZhao%2C+J%3BToellner%2C+T%3BKalkan%2C+B%3BWicks%2C+J+K%3BSteinhardt%2C+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Solomatova&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of subsurface transport and groundwater impacts from hydraulic fracturing of tight/shale gas reservoirs AN - 1765873078; 2016-011867 AB - The use of reservoir stimulation techniques, such as hydraulic fracturing, has grown tremendously over the last decade, and concerns have arisen that reservoir stimulation creates environmental threats through the creation of permeable pathways that could connect the stimulated reservoir to shallower groundwater aquifers. This study investigates, by numerical simulation, gas and water transport between a deeper tight-gas reservoir and a shallower overlying groundwater aquifer following hydraulic fracturing operations, assuming that the formation of a connecting pathway has already occurred. We focus on two general transport scenarios: 1) communication between the reservoir and aquifer via a connecting fracture or fault and 2) communication via a deteriorated, preexisting nearby well. The simulations explore a range of permeabilities and geometries over time scales, and evaluate the mechanisms and factors that could lead to the escape of gas or reservoir fluid and the contamination of groundwater resources. We also examine the effects of overpressured reservoirs, and explore long-term transport processes as part of a continuing study. We conclude that the key factors driving short-term transport of gas include high permeability for the connecting pathway and the overall volume of the connecting feature. Gas production from the reservoir via a horizontal well is likely to mitigate release through the reduction of available free gas and the lowering of reservoir pressure. We also find that fractured tight-gas reservoirs are unlikely to act as a continuing source of large volumes of migrating gas, and incidents of gas escape are likely to be limited in duration and scope. Reliable field and laboratory data must be acquired to constrain the factors and determine the likelihood of these outcomes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Reagan, M T AU - Moridis, G J AU - Keen, N D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H51Q EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765873078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+subsurface+transport+and+groundwater+impacts+from+hydraulic+fracturing+of+tight%2Fshale+gas+reservoirs&rft.au=Reagan%2C+M+T%3BMoridis%2C+G+J%3BKeen%2C+N+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Reagan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discrete fracture modeling of hydro-mechanical damage processes in geological systems AN - 1761074036; 2016-008563 AB - This study presents a modeling approach for investigating coupled thermal-hydrological-mechanical (THM) behavior, including fracture development, within geomaterials and structures. In the model, the coupling procedure consists of an effective linkage between two codes: TOUGH2, a simulator of subsurface multiphase flow and mass transport based on the finite volume approach; and an implementation of the rigid-body-spring network (RBSN) method, a discrete (lattice) modeling approach to represent geomechanical behavior. One main advantage of linking these two codes is that they share the same geometrical mesh structure based on the Voronoi discretization, so that a straightforward representation of discrete fracture networks (DFN) is available for fluid flow processes. The capabilities of the TOUGH-RBSN model are demonstrated through simulations of hydraulic fracturing, where fluid pressure-induced fracturing and damage-assisted flow are well represented. The TOUGH-RBSN modeling methodology has been extended to enable treatment of geomaterials exhibiting anisotropic characteristics. In the RBSN approach, elastic spring coefficients and strength parameters are systematically formulated based on the principal bedding direction, which facilitate a straightforward representation of anisotropy. Uniaxial compression tests are simulated for a transversely isotropic material to validate the new modeling scheme. The model is also used to simulate excavation fracture damage for the HG-A microtunnel in the Opalinus Clay rock, located at the Mont Terri underground research laboratory (URL) near Saint-Ursanne, Switzerland. The Opalinus Clay has transversely isotropic material properties caused by natural features such as bedding, foliation, and flow structures. Preferential fracturing and tunnel breakouts were observed following excavation, which are believed to be strongly influenced by the mechanical anisotropy of the rock material. The simulation results are qualitatively representative of the nonuniform fracture patterns observed in the HG-A microtunnel. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kim, K AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Houseworth, J E AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H53C EP - 0872 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761074036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Discrete+fracture+modeling+of+hydro-mechanical+damage+processes+in+geological+systems&rft.au=Kim%2C+K%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BHouseworth%2C+J+E%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Representing the interactions of soil moisture, groundwater, and biogeochemistry in earth-system models AN - 1761073969; 2016-008601 AB - Soil moisture is a crucial control on surface energy fluxes, vegetation properties, and soil carbon cycling. Its interactions with ecosystem processes are highly nonlinear across a large range. Nevertheless, Earth System Models (ESMs) generally only represent an average soil-moisture state in grid cells at scales of 50-200 km, and as a result are not able to adequately represent the effects of subgrid heterogeneity in soil moisture, particularly in regions with large wetland areas. Several approaches have been attempted to address this limitation. Simple groundwater models are being included as a supplement to the 1-dimensional hydrology in ESMs, for instance by representing a uniform unconfined aquifer with a water-table depth state. This water-table depth can be used to diagnose the saturated fraction in a gridcell using TopModel, and this fraction can be used for some of the biogeochemical processes represented, such as methane fluxes. High-resolution, 3-dimensional groundwater models have also been coupled into climate models, but these require extensive input data and are prohibitive to run at a global scale. Ongoing work is attempting to include a reduced-order version of these models to enhance computational efficiency. Another avenue is to represent subgrid heterogeneity explicitly. With collaborators, I included a representation of hillslope-scale topographic gradients, TiHy (Tiled-hillslope Hydrology), into the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) land model (LM3). LM3-TiHy models one or more representative hillslope geometries for each gridcell by discretizing them into land model tiles hydrologically coupled along an upland-to-lowland gradient. Each tile has its own surface fluxes, vegetation, and vertically-resolved state variables for soil physics and biogeochemistry. In marginally wet regions around the globe, LM3-TiHy simulates shallow groundwater in lowlands, leading to higher evapotranspiration, lower surface temperature, and higher leaf area compared to uplands in the same gridcells. Moreover, more than four-fold larger soil carbon concentrations are simulated globally in lowlands as compared with uplands. With further improvements, the model could provide a new approach to investigating the vulnerability of Boreal peatland carbon in ESMs. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Subin, Z M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H53J EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Representing+the+interactions+of+soil+moisture%2C+groundwater%2C+and+biogeochemistry+in+earth-system+models&rft.au=Subin%2C+Z+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Subin&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Latest developments in best practices and mitigation efforts for induced seismicity due to fluid injections and/or withdrawal AN - 1761073504; 2016-008799 AB - As more attention from both the public and private sector is being focused on induced seismicity, there is a need for a set of best practices. A critical element of any best practices is a mitigation procedure. It is clear that there is no universally accepted set of best practices that satisfies the public, the private sector, regulators or policy makers. Presented will be suggested fundamental elements of best practices based upon existing and developing best practices, and experiences to date in the energy industry. Examples of best practices, pros and cons to various approaches and examples from field application will be given. Emphasis will be placed on mitigation procedures such as improved stoplight methods. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Majer, E L AU - Wiemer, Stefan AU - Holland, Austin Adams AU - Boyle, K L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract U34A EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Latest+developments+in+best+practices+and+mitigation+efforts+for+induced+seismicity+due+to+fluid+injections+and%2For+withdrawal&rft.au=Majer%2C+E+L%3BWiemer%2C+Stefan%3BHolland%2C+Austin+Adams%3BBoyle%2C+K+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Majer&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory visualization experiments of temperature-induced fractures around a borehole (cryogenic fracturing) in shale and analogue rock samples AN - 1761073309; 2016-008560 AB - In tight shales, hydraulic fracturing is the dominant method for improving reservoir permeability. However, injecting water-based liquids can induce formation damage and disposal problems, thus other techniques are being sought. One alternative to hydraulic fracturing is producing fractures thermally, using low-temperature fluids (cryogens). The primary consequence of thermal stimulation is that shrinkage fractures are produced around the borehole wall. Recently, cryogenic stimulation produced some promising results when the cryogen (typically liquid nitrogen and cold nitrogen gas) could be brought to reservoir depth. Numerical modeling also showed possible significant increases in gas production from a shale reservoir after cryogenic stimulation. However, geometry and the dynamic behavior of these thermally induced fractures under different stress regimes and rock anisotropy and heterogeneity is not yet well understood.Currently, we are conducting a series of laboratory thermal fracturing experiments on Mancos Shale and transparent glass blocks, by injecting liquid nitrogen under atmospheric pressure into room temperature blocks under various anisotropic stress states. The glass blocks allow clear optical visualization of fracture development and final fracturing patterns. For the shale blocks, X-ray CT is used to image both pre-existing and induced fractures. Also, the effect of borehole orientation with respect to the bedding planes and aligned preexisting fractures is examined. Our initial experiment on a uniaxially compressed glass block showed fracturing behavior which was distinctly different from conventional hydraulic fracturing. In addition to tensile fractures in the maximum principal stress directions, the thermal contraction by the cryogen induced (1) chaotic, spalling fractures around the borehole wall, and (2) a series of disk-shaped annular fractures perpendicular to the borehole. When applied to a horizontal borehole, the propagation plane of the latter fractures can be aligned with the maximum-and-intermediate stress plane, which allows creation of "seed" fractures for efficient, subsequent growth of borehole-perpendicular hydraulic fractures, without near-borehole perturbation on the fracture orientation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Nakagawa, S AU - Wu, Y S AU - Mukhopadhyay, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H53C EP - 0869 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Laboratory+visualization+experiments+of+temperature-induced+fractures+around+a+borehole+%28cryogenic+fracturing%29+in+shale+and+analogue+rock+samples&rft.au=Kneafsey%2C+T+J%3BNakagawa%2C+S%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BMukhopadhyay%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kneafsey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring soil hydraulic and thermal properties using coupled inversion of time-lapse temperature and electrical resistance data AN - 1761073272; 2016-008609 AB - Evaluation of spatiotemporal dynamics of heat transport and water flow in terrestrial environments is essential for understanding hydrological and biogeochemical processes. Electrical resistance tomography has been increasingly well used for monitoring subsurface hydrological processes and estimating soil hydraulic properties through coupled hydrogeophysical inversion. However, electrical resistivity depends on a variety of factors such as temperature, which may limit the accuracy of hydrogeophysical inversion. The main objective of this study is to develop a hydrogeophysical inversion framework to enable the incorporation of nonisothermal processes into the hydrogeophysical inversion procedure, and use of this procedure to investigate the effect of hydrological controls on biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial environments. We developed the coupled hydrothermal-geophysical inversion approach, using the iTOUGH2 framework. In this framework, the heat transport and water flow are simultaneously modeled with TOUGH2 code, which effectively accounts for the multiphase, multi-component and nonisothermal flow in porous media. A flexible approach is used to incorporate petrophysical relationships and uncertainty to link soil moisture and temperature with the electrical resistivity. The developed approach was applied to both synthetic and field case studies. At the DOE subsurface biogeochemistry field site located near Rifle CO, seasonal snowmelt delivers a hydrological pulse to the system, which in turn influences the cycles of nitrogen, carbon and other critical elements. Using the new approach, we carried out numerical inversion of electrical resistance data collected along a 100 m transect at the Rifle site, and compared the results with field investigations of the soil, vadose zone, including the capillary fringe, and groundwater, as well as temperature and tensiometer measurements. Preliminary results show the importance of accounting for nonisothermal conditions to reliably interpret electrical resistance measurements and to determine hydraulic and thermal properties that influence biogeochemical cycles. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Tran, A P AU - Dafflon, B AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Kowalsky, M B AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Faybishenko, B AU - Long, P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H54B EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Monitoring+soil+hydraulic+and+thermal+properties+using+coupled+inversion+of+time-lapse+temperature+and+electrical+resistance+data&rft.au=Tran%2C+A+P%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BKowalsky%2C+M+B%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BFaybishenko%2C+B%3BLong%2C+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Tran&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fracture characterization through multi-physics joint inversion AN - 1761073269; 2016-008514 AB - Natural and man-made fractures tend to significantly impact the behavior of a subsurface system - with both desirable and undesirable consequences. Thus, the description, characterization, and prediction of fractured systems requires careful conceptualization and a defensible modeling approach that is tailored to the objectives of a specific application. We review some of these approaches and the related data needs, and discuss the use of multi-physics joint inversion techniques to identify and characterize the relevant features of the fracture system. In particular, we demonstrate the potential use of a non-isothermal, multiphase flow simulator coupled to a thermo-poro-elastic model for the calculation of observable deformations during injection-production operations. This model is integrated into a joint inversion framework for the estimation of geometrical, hydrogeological, rock-mechanical, thermal, and statistical parameters representing the fractured porous medium. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Finsterle, Stefan AU - Edmiston, J K AU - Zhang, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H52D EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Fracture+characterization+through+multi-physics+joint+inversion&rft.au=Finsterle%2C+Stefan%3BEdmiston%2C+J+K%3BZhang%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Finsterle&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studying cryogenic fracturing process and fracture morphology using transparent specimens AN - 1761073245; 2016-008559 AB - Cryogenic fracturing exploits thermal gradient and resulting local tensile stress to initiate fractures / cracks on a surface exposed to cryogenic fluids. This study investigates the development and morphology of cracks generated from cryogenic thermal shock in a borehole geometry. The study evaluates cryogenic thermal shock under no external confining stress to specimens. To better understand this process in a geometry relevant to applications, a borehole was drilled through transparent acrylic specimens representing a wellbore. This borehole was partially cased with stainless steel tubing set by a high yield epoxy. Liquid nitrogen was injected into the wellbore through a stainless steel tube. The pressure was low (< 10 psia) and the fractures were initiated by the thermal shock; these initiated fractures allowed further penetration of the cryogen, which helped to propagate fractures throughout the specimen. A major advantage of performing this experiment in a transparent cryogenic specimen is the ability to observe fracture proliferation through time. It is observed that fracture growth was characterized by abrupt starts and stops, which suggest that the tensile stress generated inside the borehole must reach a certain threshold for fracture initiation and growth. Two distinctive patterns in crack development were observed: one is horizontal-planar-radial pattern created by longitudinal thermal contraction, and another is vertical cracks by circumferential contraction. The horizontal cracks appeared to be spaced by a certain length, known as the exclusion distance, which exists because a set of cracks cannot be created closer than a certain length due to limited amount of thermal contraction. The vertical tension cracks tend to initiate between the horizontal radial cracks and bridge them, as it may be energy-efficient to start from and propagate to existing defects. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Cha, M AU - Yin, X AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Wu, Y S AU - Alqahtani, N AU - Patterson, T AU - Yao, B AU - Miskimins, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H53C EP - 0868 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Studying+cryogenic+fracturing+process+and+fracture+morphology+using+transparent+specimens&rft.au=Cha%2C+M%3BYin%2C+X%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BAlqahtani%2C+N%3BPatterson%2C+T%3BYao%2C+B%3BMiskimins%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cha&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of advanced reactive surface area characterization in improving predictions of mineral reaction rates AN - 1761073202; 2016-008521 AB - Geologic sequestration of CO (sub 2) in deep sedimentary formations is a promising means of mitigating carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants but the long-term fate of injected CO (sub 2) is challenging to predict. Reactive transport models are used to gain insight over long times but rely on laboratory determined mineral reaction rates that have been difficult to extrapolate to field systems. This, in part, is due to a lack of understanding of mineral reactive surface area. Many models use an arbitrary approximation of reactive surface area, applying orders of magnitude scaling factors to measured BET or geometric surface areas. Recently, a few more sophisticated approaches have used 2D and 3D image analyses to determine mineral-specific reactive surface areas that account for the accessibility of minerals. However, the ability of these advanced surface area estimates to improve predictions of mineral reaction rates has yet to be determined. In this study, we fuse X-ray microCT, SEM QEMSCAN, XRD, SANS, and SEM-FIB analysis to determine mineral-specific accessible reactive surface areas for a core sample from the Nagaoka pilot CO (sub 2) injection site (Japan). This sample is primarily quartz, plagioclase, smectite, K-feldspar, and pyroxene. SEM imaging shows abundant smectite cement and grain coatings that decrease the fluid accessibility of other minerals. However, analysis of FIB-SEM images reveals that smectite nano-pores are well connected such that access to underlying minerals is not occluded by smectite coatings. Mineral-specific accessible surfaces are determined, accounting for the connectivity of the pore space with and without connected smectite nano-pores. The large-scale impact of variations in accessibility and dissolution rates are then determined through continuum scale modeling using grid-cell specific information on accessible surface areas. This approach will be compared with a traditional continuum scale model using mineral abundances and common surface area estimates. Ultimately, the effectiveness of advanced surface area characterization to improve mineral dissolution rates will be evaluated by comparison of model results with dissolution rates measured from a flow-through column experiment. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beckingham, L E AU - Zhang, Shuo AU - Mitnick, E AU - Cole, D R AU - Yang, L AU - Anovitz, L M AU - Sheets, J AU - Swift, A AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Landrot, G AU - Mito, S AU - Xue, Z AU - Steefel, C I AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H53A EP - 0829 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+role+of+advanced+reactive+surface+area+characterization+in+improving+predictions+of+mineral+reaction+rates&rft.au=Beckingham%2C+L+E%3BZhang%2C+Shuo%3BMitnick%2C+E%3BCole%2C+D+R%3BYang%2C+L%3BAnovitz%2C+L+M%3BSheets%2C+J%3BSwift%2C+A%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BLandrot%2C+G%3BMito%2C+S%3BXue%2C+Z%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beckingham&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A highly resolved direct numerical simulation model of reactive transport at the pore scale AN - 1761073114; 2016-008528 AB - A direct numerical simulation pore scale reactive transport model is presented that is comprised of high performance tools and algorithms for incompressible Navier-Stokes flow, advective-diffusive transport and multicomponent geochemical reactions. Simulation domains are constructed from highly resolved microtomographic images of sediment and rock samples using implicit functions to represent the mineral surface locally on a grid. A Cartesian grid embedded boundary method, whereby interfacial surfaces are described by a cut-cell approach, is used to directly account for the surface area available for reaction-rather than treating the reactive surface area as a continuum-scale parameter. Adaptive mesh refinement is used effectively as a multiscale approach with high resolution used to resolve small pore spaces while a coarser mesh is employed in large pore spaces. Simulations of dissolution experiments on limestone and on fractured dolomite are used to demonstrate the simulation capability, which is used to investigate the effect of transport processes on effective reaction rates, including mixing processes and transport limitations to reactive surfaces. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Molins, S AU - Trebotich, D AU - Ligocki, T J AU - Voltolini, M AU - Yang, L AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H53A EP - 0836 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+highly+resolved+direct+numerical+simulation+model+of+reactive+transport+at+the+pore+scale&rft.au=Molins%2C+S%3BTrebotich%2C+D%3BLigocki%2C+T+J%3BVoltolini%2C+M%3BYang%2C+L%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Molins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical assessment of the control of a jetty on a barrier beach and estuary system AN - 1761073088; 2016-008734 AB - An evaluation is underway at the Goat Rock State Park, located at the mouth of the Russian River near Jenner, CA, to quantify the influence of a man made jetty on the functioning of a barrier beach and associated implications for estuary fish habitat and flood control. Flow through the beach results from water level differences between the estuary and the ocean. When the estuary is closed or perched, one of the major sources of outflow from the lagoon is seepage flow through the barrier beach. The location and design of the jetty could be altering subsurface flow paths through the jetty and possibly impeding subsurface flow where the jetty is still intact. This will result in unnatural connectivity between the ocean and the estuary leading to atypical surface water elevations and possibly salinity imbalance. We are monitoring seepage through the jetty and beach berm with multiple surface and borehole geophysical methods, including: electrical resistivity (ERT), seismic refraction (SR), ground penetrating radar (GPR), and electromagnetic methods (EM). We use SR data to characterize deeper bedrock controls on beach barrier functioning; ERT and EM methods to characterize the beach sediment layers that could contribute to preferential flow paths during tide cycles in addition to preferential flow paths created by the jetty structure; time-lapse ERT and EM data to monitor moisture changes and mixing of saline and fresh water within the beach berm, and borehole ERT and GPR data to delineate the geometry of the (often buried) jetty. Preliminary ERT and EM results indicate two preferential flow paths through zones of missing jetty structure, while time-lapse borehole ERT data is expected to image saltwater flow impedance in zones of intact jetty structure. All data are being integrated with topography, tidal, borehole, and hydrological information and the results of the assessment will enable the Sonoma County Water Agency to develop the feasibility of alternatives to the existing jetty that may help achieve target estuarine water surface elevations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Ulrich, C AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Peterson, J E AU - Blom, K AU - Black, W AU - Delaney, Chris AU - Mendoza, John AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract NS21A EP - 3870 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Geophysical+assessment+of+the+control+of+a+jetty+on+a+barrier+beach+and+estuary+system&rft.au=Ulrich%2C+C%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BPeterson%2C+J+E%3BBlom%2C+K%3BBlack%2C+W%3BDelaney%2C+Chris%3BMendoza%2C+John%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ulrich&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fracture characterization in reactive fluid-fractured rock systems using tracer transport data AN - 1761073043; 2016-008568 AB - Fractures, whether natural or engineered, exert significant controls over resource exploitation from contemporary energy sources including enhanced geothermal systems and unconventional oil and gas reserves. Consequently, fracture characterization, i.e., estimating the permeability, connectivity, and spacing of the fractures is of critical importance for determining the viability of any energy recovery program. While some progress has recently been made towards estimating these critical fracture parameters, significant uncertainties still remain. A review of tracer technology, which has a long history in fracture characterization, reveals that uncertainties exist in the estimated parameters not only because of paucity of scale-specific data but also because of knowledge gaps in the interpretation methods, particularly in interpretation of tracer data in reactive fluid-rock systems. We have recently demonstrated that the transient tracer evolution signatures in reactive fluid-rock systems are significantly different from those in non-reactive systems (Mukhopadhyay et al., 2013, 2014). For example, the tracer breakthrough curves in reactive fluid-fractured rock systems are expected to exhibit a long pseudo-state condition, during which tracer concentration does not change by any appreciable amount with passage of time. Such a pseudo-steady state condition is not observed in a non-reactive system. In this paper, we show that the presence of this pseudo-steady state condition in tracer breakthrough patterns in reactive fluid-rock systems can have important connotations for fracture characterization. We show that the time of onset of the pseudo-steady state condition and the value of tracer concentration in the pseudo-state condition can be used to reliably estimate fracture spacing and fracture-matrix interface areas. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Mukhopadhyay, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H53D EP - 0877 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761073043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Fracture+characterization+in+reactive+fluid-fractured+rock+systems+using+tracer+transport+data&rft.au=Mukhopadhyay%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mukhopadhyay&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-29 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding and quantifying controls of arsenic mobility during deepwell re-injection of CSG waters AN - 1756510863; 2016-006504 AB - In Australia, the injection of reverse-osmosis treated production water from coal seams into the surrounding, deep aquifers may provide the most viable method to dispose of large quantities of production water. The geochemical disequilibrium between the injectant water composition and the target aquifer can potentially drive a range of water-sediment interactions that must be clearly understood and quantified in order to anticipate and manage future water quality changes at both the local and regional scale. In this study, we use a multi-scale geochemical characterisation of a proposed reinjection site in combination with geochemical/reactive transport modeling to understand and predict the long-term fate of arsenic; and explore means for suitably mitigating an undesired increase of naturally occurring arsenic concentrations. We use a series of arsenic sorption experiments with the aquifer material from an injection trial site in Queensland, Australia to quantify As sorption/desorption from mineral surfaces in response to changes in site-specific geochemical conditions. Batch experiments with arsenite were performed under anoxic conditions to replicate the highly reducing in-situ conditions. The results showed significant arsenic mobility at pH >8. Competitive sorption effects with phosphate and the impact of varying temperatures were also tested in batch mode. A site-specific general composite (GC) surface complexation model (SCM) was derived through inverse geochemical modeling, i.e., selection of appropriate surface complexation reactions and optimization of sorption constants. The SCM was subsequently tested and further improved during the interpretation of data from column flow-through experiments and from a field injection trial. Eventually the uncertainty associated with estimates of sorption constants was addressed and the effects of this uncertainty on field-scale model predictions were analyzed. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Davis, J A AU - Rathi, B AU - Prommer, H AU - Donn, M AU - Siade, A J AU - Berg, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H32B EP - 06 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756510863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Understanding+and+quantifying+controls+of+arsenic+mobility+during+deepwell+re-injection+of+CSG+waters&rft.au=Davis%2C+J+A%3BRathi%2C+B%3BPrommer%2C+H%3BDonn%2C+M%3BSiade%2C+A+J%3BBerg%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improvement of hydrologic simulations in CLM4 by modified soil properties AN - 1756510188; 2016-006616 AB - Runoff and soil moisture biases were found by comparing fully coupled CCSM4 simulations and observations. The CLM underestimated runoff in the areas where soils have high clay content, but overestimated in the areas covered by volcanic ash soils (i.e. Andisols). Clayey soils tend to exhibit aggregation structure that prone to form macropores. Macropores enable water to flow through unsaturated soil more rapidly than it would in a soil matrix defined by Darcy's law. The existence of macropores increases effective hydraulic conductivity, thus decreases water content in the surface soils. Without this mechanism, CLM4 may overestimate evapotranspiration and in turn underestimate runoff by retaining too much plant available water. We hypothesize that lack of macropore flow mechanism is partially responsible for the underestimation and insufficient soil porosity representation is associated with overestimation. Andisols are soils formed in volcanic ash with very high porosity (often >0.60 cm (super 3) cm (super -3) ) and water holding capacity. The mineral soil porosity is defined by sand content in CLM and is much lower than it would have been for Andisols. CLM may retain insufficient plant available water and underestimate evapotranspiration therefore partitioning too much to runoff. We propose more detailed soil maps in the CLM to improve the representations of soil physical properties that are critical in the terrestrial water modeling. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Du, E AU - Di Vittorio, A V AU - Collins, W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H33F EP - 0907 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756510188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Improvement+of+hydrologic+simulations+in+CLM4+by+modified+soil+properties&rft.au=Du%2C+E%3BDi+Vittorio%2C+A+V%3BCollins%2C+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Du&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale characterization of geologic formations for CO (sub 2) injection using compressed state Kalman filter AN - 1756510142; 2016-006573 AB - Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage in deep geologic formations is gaining ground as a potential measure for climate change mitigation. Such storage projects typically operate at large scales ( approximately km), but their performance is often governed by smaller-scale ( approximately m) heterogeneities. The large domain sizes prohibit detailed site characterization and dense monitoring networks, leading to predictions of CO (sub 2) migration and trapping based on rough geologic models that cannot capture preferential flow. Kalman Filtering can be used to improve these prior models by assimilating available monitoring data, thereby tracking system performance and reducing prediction uncertainty. However, for large systems with fine discretization, the number of unknowns is in the order of tens of thousands or more, in which case the textbook version of the Kalman Filter has prohibitively expensive computation and storage costs. We present the Compressed State Kalman Filter (CSKF) that can be effectively used for systems with a large number of unknowns to estimate the underlying heterogeneity and to predict the state of interest (e.g., pressure and CO (sub 2) saturation). The algorithm's computational efficiency is achieved by using a low-rank approximation of the covariance matrix, as well as a Jacobian-free approach. We demonstrate the estimation and computational performance of our method in a typical CO (sub 2) storage scenario with a spatially sparse monitoring network, but with multiple datasets obtained before and during CO (sub 2) injection. Our data assimilation framework provides an efficient and practical way to characterize geological formations intended for CO (sub 2) injection and storage using monitoring data commonly collected in field applications, as well as to quantify the reduction in uncertainty brought by different types of monitoring data. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Kokkinaki, A AU - Li, J Y AU - Zhou, Q AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H33C EP - 0823 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756510142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Large-scale+characterization+of+geologic+formations+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection+using+compressed+state+Kalman+filter&rft.au=Kokkinaki%2C+A%3BLi%2C+J+Y%3BZhou%2C+Q%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kokkinaki&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the efficiency of catchments as chemical reactors AN - 1756509746; 2016-006508 AB - Catchments can be viewed as biogeochemical reactors that moderate the transfer of reactive gases and solutes according to the movement of water through the subsurface. A simple measure of the efficiency of a reactor is the Damkohler number (Da), which compares the characteristic fluid travel time to the characteristic time scale for the reaction of interest. However, the mixture of unsaturated and saturated flow conditions combined with complex subsurface heterogeneity results in an ensemble of travel times that is variable in space and time. Because most chemical reactions of interest are kinetically controlled and thus a non-linear function of time, the interaction between the travel time distribution and the reaction progress curve dictates the efficiency of chemical conversion within the catchment. This interaction is ultimately reflected in the relationship between concentration of a solute and discharge in wells and rivers. To evaluate the coupling between transport dynamics and chemical reactions, we conducted a series of reactive transport simulations of heterogeneous domains at multiple scales, ranging from soil profile to hillslope scale, and evaluated rates of chemical transformations and fluxes under both steady-state and transient flow conditions. Travel time distributions are evaluated for each realization. For both heterogeneous and homogenous kinetic reactions considered, mixing further reduces the efficiency of chemical conversion to an extent that is determined by the average Da: at moderate Da, corresponding to pronounced solute gradients, the variability in local reaction rates is most pronounced. At the soil profile scale, characterized by dominantly vertical flow, concentrations scale with mean travel time. For a hillslope geometry, the travel time distribution is more complex and the nature of mixing can shift the trajectory of the reaction progress curve towards different endpoints, obscuring the relationship between concentration, water flux and travel time. Despite the inherent challenges, coupling measures of water age to reactive geochemical tracers in models and in applied settings presents many new opportunities to evaluate the factors that control the water, solute and energy fluxes into and out of catchments. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Maher, K AU - Druhan, J L AU - Steefel, C I AU - Maxwell, R M AU - Bearup, L A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H32D EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756509746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+efficiency+of+catchments+as+chemical+reactors&rft.au=Maher%2C+K%3BDruhan%2C+J+L%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BMaxwell%2C+R+M%3BBearup%2C+L+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of pore-pressure induced hydromechanics effects on permeability of fractured rock with curved and dead-end fractures AN - 1756509307; 2016-006517 AB - The pore-pressure induced hydromechanical effects on a typical two-dimensional fractured domain at 500 m depth below the land surface were studied. The domain contains fracture sets with curved fractures and dead-end fractures. The study investigates the effects of tension and shear failures in the rock matrix and fractures, respectively, as a result of increases in pore pressure. Two in situ stress boundary conditions are considered: an isotropic case SR1 with the two horizontal boundary stresses having the same magnitude and an anisotropic case SR2 with the ratio between these stress components set to be 2. Stress concentration points are found in the rock matrix near fracture endings or between adjacent fractures in close vicinity with each other. The maximum ratios of the maximum to minimum principal stresses found at points over the fractured domain are found to be as much as doubling those at the boundaries of the fractured domain, for both isotropic SR1 and anisotropic SR2 loading cases. Changes in the stress and stress ratio distributions due to increasing pore pressures were then evaluated. It was found that although the maximum principal stress magnitude generally decreases over the fractured domain, there is a significant increase in the magnitude of this stress component at the connections of the existing fractures. Changes in flow paths and permeability of the fractured rock domain due to the induced connections between the existing fractures were also investigated. It was found that because rock matrix cracking and consequent fractures propagation is more prevalent in anisotropic case SR2, these changes are more significant than in isotropic case SR1. It was found that changes in permeability are not significant under changes in pore pressure until the pore pressure reaches 85% of the magnitude of the in situ stresses at the boundaries of the fractured domain. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Figueiredo, Bruno R AU - Tsang, C F AU - Niemi, A P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H32F EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1756509307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Study+of+pore-pressure+induced+hydromechanics+effects+on+permeability+of+fractured+rock+with+curved+and+dead-end+fractures&rft.au=Rutqvist%2C+J%3BFigueiredo%2C+Bruno+R%3BTsang%2C+C+F%3BNiemi%2C+A+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rutqvist&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of the T S D E heater test to investigate crushed salt reconsolidation and rock salt creep for the underground disposal of high-level nuclear waste AN - 1752578990; 2016-001437 AB - Rock salt is a potential medium for the underground disposal of nuclear waste because it has several assets, in particular its water and gas tightness in the undisturbed state, its ability to heal induced fractures and its high thermal conductivity as compared to other shallow-crustal rocks. In addition, the run-of-mine, granular salt, may be used to backfill the mined open spaces. We present simulation results associated with coupled thermal, hydraulic and mechanical processes in the TSDE (Thermal Simulation for Drift Emplacement) experiment, conducted in the Asse salt mine in Germany [1]. During this unique test, conceived to simulate reference repository conditions for spent nuclear fuel, a significant amount of data (temperature, stress changes and displacements, among others) was measured at 20 cross-sections, distributed in two drifts in which a total of six electrical heaters were emplaced. The drifts were subsequently backfilled with crushed salt. This test has been modeled in three-dimensions, using two sequential simulators for flow (mass and heat) and geomechanics, TOUGH-FLAC and FLAC-TOUGH [2]. These simulators have recently been updated to accommodate large strains and time-dependent rheology. The numerical predictions obtained by the two simulators are compared within the framework of an international benchmark exercise, and also with experimental data. Subsequently, a re-calibration of some parameters has been performed. Modeling coupled processes in saliniferous media for nuclear waste disposal is a novel approach, and in this study it has led to the determination of some creep parameters that are very difficult to assess at the laboratory-scale because they require extremely low strain rates. Moreover, the results from the benchmark are very satisfactory and validate the capabilities of the two simulators used to study coupled thermal, mechanical and hydraulic (multi-component, multi-phase) processes relative to the underground disposal of high-level nuclear waste in rock salt. References: [1] Bechthold et al., 1999. BAMBUS-I Project. Euratom, Report EUR19124-EN. [2] Blanco Martin et al., 2014. Comparison of two sequential simulators to investigate thermal-hydraulic-mechanical processes related to nuclear waste isolation in saliniferous formations. In preparation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Blanco Martin, L AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Wolters, Ralf AU - Lux, K H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H41F EP - 0889 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+the+T+S+D+E+heater+test+to+investigate+crushed+salt+reconsolidation+and+rock+salt+creep+for+the+underground+disposal+of+high-level+nuclear+waste&rft.au=Blanco+Martin%2C+L%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BWolters%2C+Ralf%3BLux%2C+K+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blanco+Martin&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental investigation of CO (sub 2) trapping and leakage mechanisms in deep geologic formations for model improvement AN - 1752578100; 2016-001371 AB - A fundamental and a comprehensive understanding of trapping and leakage processes will be of value to develop strategies for efficient and secure storage of CO2 in deep geologic formations and assess environmental and ecological risks associated with potential leakage. It is our contention that to make observations and collect data to obtain a fundamental understanding of how the natural formation heterogeneity manifested at all scales affects trapping is highly challenging or impossible to obtain in real field settings in deep geologic formations. A test scale intermediary between small laboratory columns and field scales that is referred to as "intermediate scale" provides an attractive alternative to investigate these processes under controlled conditions in the laboratory. Heterogeneities at all needed test scales can be designed using soils with known properties and experiments can be conducted under controlled conditions to obtain accurate data. Conducting intermediate scale laboratory experiments under ambient pressure and temperature conditions to understand the processes that occur in deep formations with very higher pressures and drastically different temperatures pose many challenges. This paper presents the approaches that were used to conduct multi-scale experiments from column to intermediate scale to understand the factors that contribute to capillary and dissolution trapping using surrogate fluids for supercritical CO2 and saline water combination. In addition, experiments were conducted in soil columns and two-dimensional tanks to study the effects of formation heterogeneity on CO2 gas evolution during leakage of water with dissolved CO2. The results from these experiments are presented to show how the new insights have helped to improve the conceptual understanding of effects of heterogeneity on CO2 trapping and leakage. This understanding has helped to improve numerical models that can be used to better engineer CO2 storage systems for permanence and evaluate possible failure risks. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Illangasekare, Tissa H AU - Trevisan, L AU - Agartan, E AU - Vargas-Johnson, Javier AU - Plampin, M R AU - Pini, R AU - Pawar, R AU - Cihan, A AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Zhou, Q AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H24A EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Experimental+investigation+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+trapping+and+leakage+mechanisms+in+deep+geologic+formations+for+model+improvement&rft.au=Illangasekare%2C+Tissa+H%3BTrevisan%2C+L%3BAgartan%2C+E%3BVargas-Johnson%2C+Javier%3BPlampin%2C+M+R%3BPini%2C+R%3BPawar%2C+R%3BCihan%2C+A%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BZhou%2C+Q%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Illangasekare&rft.aufirst=Tissa&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A constrained differential evolution algorithm for reservoir management: optimal placement and control of wells for geological carbon storage with uncertainty in reservoir properties AN - 1752578053; 2016-001344 AB - Injection of large volume of CO (sub 2) into deep geological reservoirs for geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) is expected to cause significant pressure perturbations in subsurface. Large-scale pressure increases in injection reservoirs during GCS operations, if not controlled properly, may limit dynamic storage capacity and increase risk of environmental impacts. The high pressure may impact caprock integrity, induce fault slippage, and cause leakage of brine and/or CO (sub 2) into shallow fresh groundwater resources. Thus, monitoring and controlling pressure buildup are critically important for environmentally safe implementation of GCS projects. Extraction of native brine during GCS operations is a pressure management approach to reduce significant pressure buildup. Extracted brine can be transferred to the surface for utilization or re-injected into overlying/underlying saline aquifers. However, pumping, transportation, treatment and disposal of extracted brine can be challenging and costly. Therefore, minimizing volume of extracted brine, while maximizing CO (sub 2) storage, is an essential objective of the pressure management with brine extraction schemes. Selection of optimal well locations and extraction rates are critical for maximizing storage and minimizing brine extraction during GCS. However, placing of injection and extraction wells is not intuitive because of heterogeneity in reservoir properties and complex reservoir geometry. Efficient computerized algorithms combining reservoir models and optimization methods are needed to make proper decisions on well locations and control parameters. This study presents a global optimization methodology for pressure management during geologic CO (sub 2) sequestration. A constrained differential evolution (CDE) algorithm is introduced for solving optimization problems involving well placement and injection/extraction control. The CDE methodology is tested and applied for realistic CO (sub 2) storage scenarios with the presence of uncertainty in reservoir properties. Optimal placements of wells and selection of pumping rates are evaluated for different realizations of reservoir heterogeneity. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Cihan, A AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Bianchi, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H23K EP - 1034 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+constrained+differential+evolution+algorithm+for+reservoir+management%3A+optimal+placement+and+control+of+wells+for+geological+carbon+storage+with+uncertainty+in+reservoir+properties&rft.au=Cihan%2C+A%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BBianchi%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cihan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gaining a better understanding of surface-subsurface reactive transport using a high-order advection approach AN - 1752578035; 2016-001446 AB - Understanding the interactions between physical, geochemical, and biological processes in the shallow subsurface is prerequisite to the development of effective contamination remediation techniques, or the accurate quantification of nutrient fluxes and biogeochemical cycling. Here we present recent developments to the massively parallel reactive transport code ParCrunchFlow. This model, previously applicable only to steady-state, saturated subsurface flows, has been extended to transient, surface-subsurface systems. Proof-of-concept simulations detailing reactive transport processes in hillslope and floodplain settings will be presented. In order to reduce the numerical dispersion inherent in grid based advection schemes, which can lead to an over prediction of reaction rates, a weighted, essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) advection scheme has been implemented, providing formal fifth-order spatial and third-order temporal accuracy. We use a mass-conservative, positivity-preserving flux limiter while advecting solute concentrations to prevent non-physical solutions. The effects of advection schemes and their associated numerical dispersion on reaction rates are evaluated by comparing our scheme to a monotonic lower order scheme in a transverse mixing scenario. The work presented here allows a better understanding of nutrient cycling dynamics in watershed systems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beisman, J J, III AU - Maxwell, R M AU - Navarre-Sitchler, A AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H41F EP - 0898 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752578035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Gaining+a+better+understanding+of+surface-subsurface+reactive+transport+using+a+high-order+advection+approach&rft.au=Beisman%2C+J+J%2C+III%3BMaxwell%2C+R+M%3BNavarre-Sitchler%2C+A%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beisman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solid-phase speciation of arsenic as the primary control on dissolved as concentrations in a glacial aquifer system; quantifying speciation of arsenic in glacial aquifer solids with mu XAS mapping AN - 1752577993; 2016-001298 AB - Western Minnesota, USA, is a regional locus of drinking-water wells with high arsenic (As) (As>10mu gL-1). Arsenic concentrations vary widely among neighboring wells with otherwise similar water chemistry. As(III) should be the most mobile As species in Minnesota well waters (median Eh in As affected wells is -50 mV). This As is geogenic, sourced from glacial deposits derived from Cretaceous sedimentary bedrock (dolostone, limestone, shale). Our hypothesis is that As speciation in the solid phase is the important factor controlling the introduction of As to groundwater-more significant in this region than absolute As concentrations or landscape variability. Our previous research used micro-X-ray absorption spectroscopy (mu XAS) speciation mapping on archived glacial tills (stored dry at room temperature in air). mu XAS results from this material showed that As in a reduced chemical state within the till aquitard is spatially correlated with iron sulfide at the micron scale. Conversley, As in aquifer sediments was mainly oxidized As(V). At the aquifer-aquitard contact As was observed as a mixture of both reduced and oxidized forms. This suggests that the aquifer-aquitard contact is a geochemically active zone in which reduced As species present within glacial till are converted to As(V) through complex redox processes, and subsequently release into aquifer sediments. Our current research applies the same methods to describe As speciation in samples collected from fresh cores of glacial sediment and frozen under argon in the field. Preliminary results are similar to our previous work in that As is, in general, more reduced in aquitard sediments, and more oxidized at the contact and in aquifer sediments. Arsenic(III) was preserved as a minor constituent in ambient archived cores but is a more significant constituent in fresh, anaerobically preserved cores. Results will be presented comparing anaerobic samples with ambient-air aliquots of the same sample to document changes in the relative abundance of As species depending on sample preservation. This work was supported by LBNL-ALS, ANL-APS, USGS-MNWSC, MGS, and CURA. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Nicholas, S L AU - Gowan, A S AU - Knaeble, A R AU - Erickson, M L AU - Woodruff, L G AU - Marcus, M A AU - Toner, B M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H23E EP - 0919 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Solid-phase+speciation+of+arsenic+as+the+primary+control+on+dissolved+as+concentrations+in+a+glacial+aquifer+system%3B+quantifying+speciation+of+arsenic+in+glacial+aquifer+solids+with+mu+XAS+mapping&rft.au=Nicholas%2C+S+L%3BGowan%2C+A+S%3BKnaeble%2C+A+R%3BErickson%2C+M+L%3BWoodruff%2C+L+G%3BMarcus%2C+M+A%3BToner%2C+B+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Nicholas&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved understanding of carbon storage risk via controlled-release experiments AN - 1752577056; 2016-001368 AB - Two issues are often recognized as main risk drivers for carbon storage projects. The first is the possibility of pressure-induced slip of pre-existing faults, which can lead to breaching of seals to CO2 storage reservoirs. Although the mechanics of induced seismicity are well known, the characteristics of such slip events are poorly constrained and significant questions remain. The second is the potential impact of leaking CO2 on the quality of shallow potable groundwater. While several studies have been conducted using laboratory tests, natural analogues, and numerical models to evaluate the water quality changes induced by elevated CO2 concentrations, predictive understanding of these coupled processes remains limited in realistic field settings. We discuss in this invited contribution two controlled-release field experiments targeting remaining science gaps associated with induced seismicity and groundwater chemistry. The first experiment is a planned active fault slip experiment conducted in an underground research laboratory (URL) in a hardened shale formation that serves as a caprock analog. The critically stressed fault will be perturbed by the injection of fluid under pressure to simulate the influence of CO2 overpressure. The in situ reactivation experiment will use a novel borehole deformation tool that assesses the magnitude of overpressure required to cause slip, defines the mode of this slip as creeping (aseismic) or rapid (seismic), and measures the evolution of permeability on the fault. The second controlled-release field experiment was conducted in 2011/2012 to simulate the release of CO2 from a geologic storage site and study the transport as well as the chemical mechanisms leading to the CO2-induced mobilization of trace elements in a shallow aquifer. The field test involved a dipole system in which the shallow groundwater was pumped from one well, saturated with CO2 at the pressure corresponding to the hydraulic pressure of the aquifer, and then re-injected into the same aquifer using a second well. Innovative monitoring techniques were used to measure water quality changes and to detect the dissolved CO2 plume. For both field studies, we will discuss related coupled-processes modeling work. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Guglielmi, Y AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Zheng, L AU - Spycher, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H24A EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752577056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Improved+understanding+of+carbon+storage+risk+via+controlled-release+experiments&rft.au=Birkholzer%2C+J+T%3BGuglielmi%2C+Y%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BZheng%2C+L%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Birkholzer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capillary pressure-saturation relations for supercritical CO (sub 2) and brine; implications for capillary/residual trapping in carbonate reservoirs during geologic carbon sequestration AN - 1752576899; 2016-001374 AB - In geologic carbon sequestration (GCS), data on capillary pressure (Pc)-saturation (Sw) relations are routinely needed to appraise reservoir processes. Capillarity and its hysteresis have been often experimentally studied in oil-water, gas-water and three phase gas-oil-water systems, but fewer works have been reported on scCO2-water under in-situ reservoir conditions. Here, Pc-Sw relations of supercritical (sc) CO2 displacing brine, and brine rewetting the porous medium to trap scCO2 were studied to understand CO2 transport and trapping behavior in carbonate reservoirs under representative reservoir conditions. High-quality drainage and imbibition (and associated capillary pressure hysteresis) curves were measured under elevated temperature and pressure (45 degrees C, 8.5 and 12 MPa) for scCO2-brine as well as at room temperature and pressure (23 degrees C, 0.1 MPa) for air-brine in unconsolidated limestone and dolomite sand columns using newly developed semi-automated multistep outflow-inflow porous plate apparatus. Drainage and imbibition curves for scCO2-brine deviated from the universal scaling curves for hydrophilic interactions (with greater deviation under higher pressure) and shifted to lower Pc than predicted based on interfacial tension (IFT) changes. Augmented scaling incorporating differences in IFT and contact angle improved the scaling results but the scaled curves still did not converge onto the universal curves. Equilibrium residual trapping of the nonwetting phase was determined at Pc=0 during imbibition. The capillary-trapped amounts of scCO2 were significantly larger than for air. It is concluded that the deviations from the universal capillary scaling curves are caused by scCO2-induced wettability alteration, given the fact that pore geometry remained constant and IFT is well constrained. In-situ wettability alteration by reactive scCO2 is of critical importance and must be accounted for to achieve reliable predictions of CO2 behavior in GCS reservoirs. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wang, S AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H24A EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1752576899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Capillary+pressure-saturation+relations+for+supercritical+CO+%28sub+2%29+and+brine%3B+implications+for+capillary%2Fresidual+trapping+in+carbonate+reservoirs+during+geologic+carbon+sequestration&rft.au=Wang%2C+S%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-31 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interflow moving over leaky impeding layers; how far can we expect it to go? AN - 1739086560; 2015-114398 AB - Interflow can occur in any slope where higher conductivity topsoils are underlain by a low conductivity impeding layer which could include B horizons, till layers, hardpans, C horizons and bedrock of various permeabilities. Impeding layers of essentially impermeable bedrock seem to be a rarity, as studies that have evaluated interflow on slopes underlain by apparently solid crystalline rock have still found leakage into the rock. Hewlett's concrete soil trough studies thus comprise an endpoint of interflow boundary conditions. In many hillslope environments, downslope interflow necessarily includes a normal flow component into the leaky impeding layer. By making a simplifying assumption of zero pressure at the base of the impeding layer (for perched conditions), the downslope travel distance as interflow of a parcel of water can be estimated from the ratio of the hydraulic conductivities, the ratio of the downslope and normal hydraulic gradients, and the thickness of the saturated zone above the impeding layer. For many hillslopes, downslope travel distances imply that only the slope segments adjacent to the riparian valley can be expected to deliver interflow to the valley during a storm. Over most of the hillslope, interflow acts only to redistribute recharge downslope from the point of infiltration. Therefore, continuous perching of water moving as interflow from the ridge to the valley does not imply continuous connectivity. In terms of stormflow contributions, only the lower slopes within the range of the downslope travel distance may be connected to stream valleys. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jackson, C R AU - Hopp, Luisa AU - McDonnell, Jeffrey AU - Bitew, Menberu M AU - Du, E AU - Klaus, J AU - Griffiths, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 0757 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739086560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Interflow+moving+over+leaky+impeding+layers%3B+how+far+can+we+expect+it+to+go%3F&rft.au=Jackson%2C+C+R%3BHopp%2C+Luisa%3BMcDonnell%2C+Jeffrey%3BBitew%2C+Menberu+M%3BDu%2C+E%3BKlaus%2C+J%3BGriffiths%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Size and fractal dimension of colloid deposits in model porous media AN - 1739086508; 2015-114345 AB - Colloids exert significant influence on subsurface hydrology, geochemistry, and microbiology. In particular, colloid deposits reduce permeability, triggering a reduction or realignment of flow. Since many subsurface processes are transport-limited, this reduction or realignment of flow, in turn, influences numerous chemical and biological processes. This work explores a conceptual model linking permeability with colloid deposit morphology, where deposit morphology is quantified by two metrics of the colloid deposit: (1) characteristic size and (2) fractal dimension. These two metrics are measured using static light scattering (SLS) within refractive index matched (RIM) porous media, into which a suspension of 100 nm carboxylate-modified polystyrene microspheres are eluted at constant flow. Scattering data are fitted with a two-parameter model that includes deposit fractal dimension, and with a three-parameter model that also includes deposit size. For each set of scattering measurements, the appropriate model is selected using the Akaike information criterion, and model errors are estimated using the bootstrap with 100 replicates. Results indicate two key findings. First, fractal dimensions generally decrease with time as additional colloids are eluted into the column, indicating a transition from more uniform to more dendritic deposits. Second, permeability reduction is associated with colloid deposits having smaller fractal dimensions, that is, with more dendritic and space-filling deposits. Modeling efforts are currently underway to correlate permeability with the underlying hydrodynamic and geochemical variables that determine colloid deposit morphology. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Roth, Eric J AU - Mays, David C AU - Gilbert, B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H31C EP - 0634 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739086508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Size+and+fractal+dimension+of+colloid+deposits+in+model+porous+media&rft.au=Roth%2C+Eric+J%3BMays%2C+David+C%3BGilbert%2C+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Roth&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 3D modeling of fault reactivation during CO (sub 2) injection AN - 1739085548; 2015-114334 AB - Induced seismicity plays a crucial role for the success of geological storage of carbon dioxide. No felt seismicity has been reported in current CO (sub 2) projects, but the overpressure due to the injection may increase the risk of fault reactivation. Although a site can be designated to stay away from major and regional faults, undetected faults may still be a great concern. Previous 2D numerical results showed that such undetected faults could produce felt seismic events, whose magnitude is only limited by the size of the fault itself. However, 2D models overestimate overpressure acting on the fault. Thus, 3D models are necessary to reproduce the actual overpressure evolution. In this work we analyze the reactivation of a minor, undetected fault, simulating two different cases of injection through a vertical and a horizontal well, respectively. Results show that for a vertical well the fault pressurizes faster and more locally, resulting in a smaller seismic event. For a horizontal well the pressure is more distributed along the fault and requires longer time to reach the critical value for reactivation, thus resulting in a larger event. The fault reactivation also produces changes in damage zone and fault core permeability, allowing the CO (sub 2) to leak from the injection zone thereby to escape upward towards shallower depths. Although the calculated fault permeability enhancement is similar for the two cases, results show a slightly higher leakage rate for the case of the vertical well in a region close to the well, while the leakage resulting from injection through a horizontal well is smaller but more distributed in space. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Rinaldi, Antonio Pio AU - Vilarrasa, V AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Cappa, F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H11K EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739085548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=3D+modeling+of+fault+reactivation+during+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection&rft.au=Rinaldi%2C+Antonio+Pio%3BVilarrasa%2C+V%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BCappa%2C+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rinaldi&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Are channels standalone? Analysis of channel to land interactions using a physically-based surface-subsurface processes model with multi-way exchanges AN - 1739085519; 2015-114393 AB - Large-scale land surface models commonly assumed that land-channel exchanges are unidirectional, in which the channel network receives runoff, baseflow, sediments, and other materials from land and conveys them to the outlet. The physiographic and geomorphological characteristics of channels, as well as flow conditions, exert no influence on simulated upland dynamics. In this work we study the feedbacks to upland hydrologic and ecosystem states and fluxes provided by channels. We employ a physically-based surface-subsurface processes model (PAWS+CLM) that fully resolves the multi-way interactions between channel flow, overland flow, groundwater, soil water and wetlands. We found notable influences of channels on land surface fluxes, which are explained by the baseflow mechanism and the efficient conveyance mechanism. We systematically quantify the extent of the impact and link channel characteristics to these impacts. Our results indicate that to further improve our understanding of the land-water system, the influence of channels need to be included in integrated models. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Shen, C AU - Smithgall, K M AU - Riley, W J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H31I EP - 0750 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739085519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Are+channels+standalone%3F+Analysis+of+channel+to+land+interactions+using+a+physically-based+surface-subsurface+processes+model+with+multi-way+exchanges&rft.au=Shen%2C+C%3BSmithgall%2C+K+M%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of kinetic growth factors on the clumped isotope composition of calcite AN - 1739082769; 2015-117256 AB - Clumped isotope paleothermometry is based on the association of 13C and 18O within carbonate minerals. Although the influence of temperature on equilibrium 13C-18O bond ordering has been studied, recent oxygen isotope studies of inorganic calcite demonstrate that calcite grown in laboratory experiments and in many natural settings does not form in equilibrium with water. It is therefore likely that the carbon and clumped isotope composition of these calcite crystals are not representative of true thermodynamic equilibrium. To isolate kinetic clumped isotope effects that arise at the mineral-solution interface, clumped isotopic equilibrium of DIC species must be maintained. This can be accomplished by dissolving the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) into the solution, thereby reducing the time required for isotopic equilibration of DIC species by approximately two orders of magnitude between pH 7.7 and 9.3. We conduct calcite growth experiments aimed specifically at measuring the pH-dependence of kinetic clumped isotope effects during non-equilibrium precipitation of calcite. We precipitated calcite from aqueous solution at a constant pH and controlled supersaturation over the pH range 7.7-9.3 in the presence of CA. For each experiment, a gas mixture of N2 and CO2 is bubbled through a beaker of solution without seed crystals. As CO2 from the gas dissolves into solution, calcite crystals grow on the beaker walls. The pH of the solution is maintained by use of an autotitrator with NaOH as the titrant. We control the temperature, pH, the pCO2 of the gas inflow, and the gas inflow rate, and monitor the total alkalinity, the pCO2 of the gas outflow, and the amount of NaOH added. A constant crystal growth rate of approximately 1.6 mmol/m2/hr is maintained over all experiments. Results from these experiments are compared to predictions from a recently-developed isotopic ion-by-ion growth model of calcite. The model describes the rate, temperature and pH dependence of oxygen isotope uptake into calcite under non-equilibrium conditions. Adaptation of the model for clumped isotope uptake under non-equilibrium conditions requires knowledge of the clumped isotopic compositions of DIC species and any mass-dependent kinetic fractionation that arises during ion transport to or from the mineral surface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hunt, Jonathan David AU - Watkins, J M AU - Tripati, A AU - Ryerson, F J AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract PP51A EP - 1108 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739082769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+kinetic+growth+factors+on+the+clumped+isotope+composition+of+calcite&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Jonathan+David%3BWatkins%2C+J+M%3BTripati%2C+A%3BRyerson%2C+F+J%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of lithology of deep layered geologic formations on trapping of dissolved CO (sub 2) AN - 1739082499; 2015-117034 AB - Secure and long-term trapping of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) in deep geological formations is important for the reduction of leakage risk. Agartan et al. [2014] through controlled laboratory experiments in a test tank using surrogate fluids for scCO2 and brine showed that the dissolved scCO2 can be stored in geological formations containing low permeability layers, thus effectively enhancing dissolution trapping. As this finding was limited to a few test configurations, its validity was evaluated using a numerical modeling study focusing on the influence of different permeabilities and thicknesses of low permeability layers on trapping of dissolved scCO2. A Finite Volume Method (FVM)-based, single-phase, density and viscosity-dependent flow and transport model was employed to determine the effects of porosity and permeability perturbations, and numerical grid resolution on model results and density-dependent finger formations. The experimental data, generated by Agartan et al. [2014], was used to demonstrate the ability of the model to capture the observed transport behaviors. To demonstrate the role of heterogeneity characterized by layering on dissolution trapping at field-scale, a two-dimensional numerical model containing a geological structure similar to the Utsira formation in the Sleipner field was used in a set of test simulations. This formation provided a good test setting as it has the similar features with shale layers interbedded in-between composite sand layers that were used in the experiments. The results highlight that the thicker and lower permeability layers are able to store significant amounts of dissolved scCO2 for a long time. On the other hand, although the thinner and higher permeability layers slow down the vertical spreading, they cannot trap dissolved mass long enough to contribute the storage through immobilization. These findings have practical implications as effective strategies can be developed to enhance trapping by taking the advantage of natural heterogeneity of the formation. d JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Agartan, E AU - Cihan, A AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Zhou, Q AU - Illangasekare, T H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H21A EP - 0704 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739082499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Effects+of+lithology+of+deep+layered+geologic+formations+on+trapping+of+dissolved+CO+%28sub+2%29&rft.au=Agartan%2C+E%3BCihan%2C+A%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BZhou%2C+Q%3BIllangasekare%2C+T+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Agartan&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Illitization within bentonite engineered barrier system in clay repositories for nuclear waste and its effect on the swelling stress; a coupled THMC modeling study AN - 1739082232; 2015-117066 AB - Geological repositories for disposal of high-level nuclear waste generally rely on a multi-barrier system to isolate radioactive waste from the biosphere. An engineered barrier system (EBS), which comprises in many design concepts a bentonite backfill, is widely used. Clay formations have been considered as a host rock throughout the world. Illitization, the transformation of smectite to illite, could compromise some beneficiary features of EBS bentonite and clay host rock such as sorption and swelling capacity. It is the major determining factor to establish the maximum design temperature of the repositories because it is believed that illitization could be greatly enhanced at temperatures higher than 100 oC. However, existing experimental and modeling studies on the occurrence of illitization and related performance impacts are not conclusive, in part because the relevant couplings between the thermal, hydrological, chemical, and mechanical (THMC) processes have not been fully represented in the models. Here we present a fully coupled THMC simulation study of a generic nuclear waste repository in a clay formation with a bentonite-backfilled EBS. Two scenarios were simulated for comparison: a case in which the temperature in the bentonite near the waste canister can reach about 200 oC and a case in which the temperature in the bentonite near the waste canister peaks at about 100 oC. The model simulations demonstrate that illitization is in general more significant under higher temperature. However, the quantity of illitization is affected by many chemical factors and therefore varies a great deal. The most important chemical factors are the concentration of K in the pore water as well as the abundance and dissolution rate of K-feldspar. For the particular case and bentonite properties studied, the reduction in swelling stress as a result of chemical changes vary from 2% up to 70% depending on chemical and temperature conditions, and key mechanical parameters. The modeling work is illustrative in light of the relative importance of different processes occurring in EBS bentonite and clay host rock at higher than 100 oC conditions, and could be of greater use when site specific data are available. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Zheng, L AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Birkholzer, J T AU - Liu, H H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H21B EP - 0734 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739082232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Illitization+within+bentonite+engineered+barrier+system+in+clay+repositories+for+nuclear+waste+and+its+effect+on+the+swelling+stress%3B+a+coupled+THMC+modeling+study&rft.au=Zheng%2C+L%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BBirkholzer%2C+J+T%3BLiu%2C+H+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of elevated CO (sub 2) on trace element release from aquifer sediments of the San Joaquin Valley, CA AN - 1739082198; 2015-117097 AB - Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a promising technique for mitigating climate change by storing large volumes of carbon dioxide in deep saline aquifers. In California, the thick marine sediments of the Central and Salinas Valleys have been identified as prime targets for future CO2 storage. However, the potential impacts on water quality of overlying drinking-water aquifers must be studied before CCS can be implemented. In this study, we compare trace element release from San Joaquin Valley aquifer sediments with a wide range of textural and redox properties. Kinetic batch experiments were performed with artificial groundwater continuously equilibrated under CO2-saturated (at 1 atm) and background CO2 (0.002-0.006 atm) conditions, resulting in a shift of nearly 3 pH units. In addition, the reversibility of trace element release was studied by sequentially lowering the CO2 from 1.0 atm to 0.5 atm to background concentrations (0.002-0.006 atm) for CO2-saturated systems in order to mimic the dissipation of a CO2 plume in the aquifer. During exposure to high CO2, a number of elements displayed enhanced release compared to background CO2 experiments (Ca, Mg, Li, Si, B, As, Sr, Ni, Fe, Mn, V, Ti, and Co) with concentrations of As, Fe, and Mn exceeding EPA maximum contaminant levels in some cases. On the other hand, Mo and U showed suppressed release. Most intriguing, many of the elements showing enhanced release displayed at least some degree of irreversibility when CO2 concentrations were decreased to background levels. In fact, in some cases (i.e., for V), an element showed further release when CO2 concentrations were decreased. These results suggest that there may be longer-term effects on groundwater quality that persist even after the CO2 plume has dissipated. Several different mechanisms of trace element release including ion exchange, desorption, and carbonate mineral dissolution are explored. Preliminary modeling results suggest that carbonate mineral dissolution can play a key role in driving trace element release even in sediments where carbonates are in low abundance. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Fox, P M AU - Nico, P S AU - Davis, J A AU - Spycher, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H21D EP - 0768 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739082198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impact+of+elevated+CO+%28sub+2%29+on+trace+element+release+from+aquifer+sediments+of+the+San+Joaquin+Valley%2C+CA&rft.au=Fox%2C+P+M%3BNico%2C+P+S%3BDavis%2C+J+A%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predictive assimilation framework to support contaminated site understanding and remediation AN - 1739082020; 2015-116967 AB - Subsurface system behavior at contaminated sites is driven and controlled by the interplay of physical, chemical, and biological processes occurring at multiple temporal and spatial scales. Effective remediation and monitoring planning requires an understanding of this complexity that is current, predictive (with some level of confidence) and actionable. We present and demonstrate a predictive assimilation framework (PAF). This framework automatically ingests, quality controls and stores near real-time environmental data and processes these data using different inversion and modeling codes to provide information on the current state and evolution of the subsurface system. PAF is implemented as a cloud based software application which has five components: (1) data acquisition, (2) data management, (3) data assimilation and processing, (4) visualization and result deliver and (5) orchestration. Access to and interaction with PAF is done through a standard browser. PAF is designed to be modular so that it can ingest and process different data streams dependent on the site. We will present an implementation of PAF which uses data from a highly instrumented site (the DOE Rifle Subsurface Biogeochemistry Field Observatory in Rifle, Colorado) for which PAF automatically ingests hydrological data and forward models groundwater flow in the saturated zone. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Versteeg, R J AU - Bianchi, M AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H13H EP - 1210 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739082020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Predictive+assimilation+framework+to+support+contaminated+site+understanding+and+remediation&rft.au=Versteeg%2C+R+J%3BBianchi%2C+M%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Versteeg&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated geochemical and geophysical monitoring of CO (sub 2) -rich fluids in carbonate samples AN - 1739081843; 2015-116939 AB - Percolation of CO2-rich fluids in limestones causes the dissolution (and eventual reprecipitation) of calcium carbonate minerals, which affects the rock microstructure and changes the rock petrophysical properties (i.e. hydraulic, electrical and elastic properties). In addition, microstructural changes further feedback to affect flow paths as well as the location and magnitude of fluid-rock interactions. To better understand this complex coupled problem and to assess the possibility of geophysical monitoring in chemically reactive geosystems, we performed percolation laboratory experiments on two well-characterized carbonate samples (99% calcite), from Estaillades and St Maximin (France), 10 cm in diameter and 35 and 16 cm in length, respectively. We monitored aqueous chemistry parameters (pH, calcium concentration and total alkalinity) and petrophysical properties (permeability, electrical formation factor and acoustic velocities). X-ray tomography imaging of the rock samples were also performed before and after the flow experiments. The measured chemical and electrical parameters allowed rapid detection of the dissolution of calcite in the downstream fluid. After circulating fluids of various salinities at 5mL.min-1 for 32 days (about 290 pore sample volumes) at a pCO2 of 1 atm (pH = 4) in the Estaillades sample, porosity increased by 7%, permeability increased by one order of magnitude, electrical formation factor decreased by 15% and P- and S-wave velocities, measured every cm along the sample main axis, decreased non-uniformly by less than 1% to up to 14%. X-ray microtomography revealed the creation of a ramified wormhole; these, along with the convex curvature of the permeability-porosity relationship, are consistent with a transport-controlled dissolution regime for which advection processes are greater than diffusion processes. Similar results were obtained for the St Maximin sample, except that the wormhole is more compact, which is most likely due to a more homogeneous initial microstructure. This study shows that both seismic and non-seismic geophysical techniques (i.e. electrical measurements) are promising for monitoring geochemical changes within the subsurface due to fluid-rock interactions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Vialle, S AU - Contraires, S AU - Zinzsner, B AU - Clavaud, J B AU - Mahiouz, K AU - Zuddas, P AU - Zamora, M C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H12B EP - 05 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739081843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Integrated+geochemical+and+geophysical+monitoring+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+-rich+fluids+in+carbonate+samples&rft.au=Vialle%2C+S%3BContraires%2C+S%3BZinzsner%2C+B%3BClavaud%2C+J+B%3BMahiouz%2C+K%3BZuddas%2C+P%3BZamora%2C+M+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Vialle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The evolution of a fracture in a dolomite sample during dissolution induced by a CO (sub 2) -saturated solution flow at reservoir conditions; a dynamic synchrotron X-ray microtomography study AN - 1739081783; 2015-117043 AB - Due to their importance as both GCS reservoir rocks and seals, the geochemical behavior of carbonates, such as limestones and dolomites, in acidic environments is relatively well-studied topic. However, the feedbacks between dissolution processes and permeability are not fully understood, particularly for fractured carbonates at in-situ stress conditions. A key open problem is the evolution of fracture aperture (and therefore permeability) for induced fractures in low permeability carbonates. We present the results of a dynamic synchrotron X-ray microtomography (SXR-mu CT) experiment investigating changes in fracture aperture in a dolomite sample during dissolution induced by CO2 saturated water. The dolomite sample used for the experiment was sourced from the Duperow formation of North central Montana, and consisted of a 3/8" cylindrical sample, 7/8" long, with a single vertical fracture. CO2 bearing solution was flowed through the the sample in a mu CT high pressure vessel for approximately one week at a constant flow rate of 5 mu l/min under 1400 psi pore pressure and 1700 psi confining pressure. XR tomographic scans were taken at different time steps to follow the evolution of fracture apertures. Results show that the evolution of the fracture is extremely complex: the calcite fraction present in the sample ( approximately 5%) dissolves readily showing a prompt retreat in the fragments contacting the fracture surface. In contrast, dolomite zones develop a leached layer approximately 250 mu m thick, rich in micropores along the surfaces of the fracture. With the evolution of the system, a wormholing effect becomes more evident with the development of channels of preferential dissolution along the paths of maximum fluid velocity, where the leached layer becomes less evident and faster bulk dissolution of the dolomite is observed. The main aperture of the fracture remains fairly constant during dissolution; even after an increase in confining pressure (2300 psi), no closure was observed. This highlights how the weakening of the contact points, under these experimental conditions, is not as strong as some models might suggest. Likewise, these observations indicate that reactive fracture models may require inclusion of a porous altered zone in the near-fracture region to adequately represent feedbacks between dissolution and permeability. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Voltolini, M AU - Yang, L AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H21A EP - 0714 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739081783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+evolution+of+a+fracture+in+a+dolomite+sample+during+dissolution+induced+by+a+CO+%28sub+2%29+-saturated+solution+flow+at+reservoir+conditions%3B+a+dynamic+synchrotron+X-ray+microtomography+study&rft.au=Voltolini%2C+M%3BYang%2C+L%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Voltolini&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the impacts of cooling methods of energy plants on groundwater resources in an arid basin and the delayed influence on the Colorado River leakance AN - 1739081625; 2015-116960 AB - Different cooling methods associated will utility-scale solar energy production utilize vastly different amounts of water. In a hyper-arid Southwestern US basin, where new energy projects are being developed, groundwater is the only available water for such cooling needs. The hydrologic impacts of groundwater withdrawal remain unclear, as recharge to the aquifer and exchange with the Colorado River are poorly quantified. The basin is also a data-scarce region, with few available groundwater parameter measurements for most of the basin. Characterized by a thick alluvium layer and deep aquifer, the basin also has a long response time to forcings. We employ both an integrated, physically-based surface-subsurface processes model (PAWS+CLM) and the MODFLOW+PEST package. The integrated model PAWS+CLM is used to estimate recharge while MODFLOW+PEST is used to estimate the groundwater conductivity fields. Calibration of the two models are iterated to obtain the best estimates of parameter values. We have identified the main area of recharge by forcing the model with both station-based measurements and NLDAS. The Colorado River is losing water in this reach. Using the combined, coupled model, we estimate the influence of cooling methods on the water table and its effect on the land-river exchange. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Fang, K AU - Shen, C AU - Salve, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract H13E EP - 1170 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739081625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+impacts+of+cooling+methods+of+energy+plants+on+groundwater+resources+in+an+arid+basin+and+the+delayed+influence+on+the+Colorado+River+leakance&rft.au=Fang%2C+K%3BShen%2C+C%3BSalve%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fang&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenges to large-scale simulations of permafrost freeze-thaw dynamics AN - 1734269496; 2015-112002 AB - In an effort to model the dynamics of the permafrost freeze and thaw process in the Alaskan tundra, we have implemented a finite volume method which approximates the evolution of a coupled surface/subsurface mass and energy balance within PFLOTRAN--an open source, state-of-the-art massively parallel subsurface flow and reactive transport code. While this system is studied in the literature at one scale, we encounter many undocumented pitfalls as we exercise the model at high resolution and force using realistic datasets from the field sites. These realistic simulations for field sites near Barrow, Alaska expose the model to a wide range of moisture and thermal states that are not tested in published studies. For example, the conventional upwinding of the relative permeability used in the Darcy flux computation can yield a flow into a frozen cell. We also find that infiltration, sources, and sinks must be carefully regulated as flow into frozen portions of the domain, or out of dry or frozen regions can cause unphysical states in the simulation which cause failure. Many straight-forward solutions are not smooth which produce discontinuities in the Jacobian of the nonlinear residual. These difficulties represent a current hurdle to running large-scale permafrost dynamics simulations. We describe these challenges and present approaches to overcoming them in the pursuit of a scalable scheme. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Collier, Nathaniel AU - Bisht, G AU - Kumar, Jitendra AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract GC33A EP - 0480 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734269496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Challenges+to+large-scale+simulations+of+permafrost+freeze-thaw+dynamics&rft.au=Collier%2C+Nathaniel%3BBisht%2C+G%3BKumar%2C+Jitendra%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Collier&rft.aufirst=Nathaniel&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tau-adaptivity for nonsmooth processes in heterogeneous media AN - 1729849596; 2015-103879 AB - We propose a form of adaptivity based on FAS multigrid and related to the "frozen tau \tau technique proposed by Achi Brandt, allowing fine grid work to be avoided in regions with nearly-linear behavior, despite arbitrarily rough coefficients. We investigate indicators for reuse of tau \tau , practicality of dynamic load balancing, and experiment with localized plastic yielding in lithosphere dynamics. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Brown, J AU - Adams, M AU - Knepley, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract DI11A EP - 4256 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729849596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Tau-adaptivity+for+nonsmooth+processes+in+heterogeneous+media&rft.au=Brown%2C+J%3BAdams%2C+M%3BKnepley%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lithium isotopes as proxy of continental silicate weathering AN - 1729846038; 2015-106013 AB - Chemical weathering has an important influence on continental crust evolution, as weathering of basalt preferentially removes soluble elements, such as Mg and Ca, and can shift the crust towards more andesitic compositions, thus helping to solve the crustal composition paradox. The isotopic compositions of soluble elements (e.g., Li and Mg) provide a monitor of chemical weathering of the continents through time. Here we evaluate the factors influencing the abundance, [Li], and isotopic composition of riverine Li delivered to the oceans through analyses and modeling of [Li] and d7Li in streams and groundwaters draining a single continental lithology, the Columbia River Basalts (CRBs). The streams were sampled in different climate zones that lie on the dry and wet sides of the Cascades Mountains, and during two different seasons (summer and late winter) in order to evaluate climatic and seasonal influences on Li isotopes in rivers. Dissolved Li (delta 7Li = +9.3 to +30.4) is systematically heavier than that of fresh or weathered CRBs, suspended loads (-5.9 to -0.3), and shallow groundwaters (+6.7 to +9.4). Continued isotopic fractionation between stream water and suspended and/or bed loads has a major influence on riverine delta 7Li as indicated by the heavier Li in streams, compared to the shallow groundwaters that feed them. Seasonal delta 7Li variation is observed only for streams west of the Cascades, where the difference in precipitation rate between the seasons is greatest. Reactive transport model simulations reveal that riverine delta 7Li is strongly controlled by subsurface residence times and Li isotope fractionation occurring within rivers. The varying residence times for groundwaters feeding the western streams in summer (long residence times, higher delta 7Li, greater weathering) and winter (short residence times, lower delta 7Li, less weathering) explains the observed seasonal variations. A global, negative correlation between delta 7Li and Li/Na for streams and rivers draining basaltic catchments reflects the overall transport time, hence the amount of silicate weathering. Based on our results, the increase of delta 7Li in seawater during the Cenozoic is unlikely related to changing climate, but may reflect mountain building giving rise to increased silicate weathering. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Liu, X M AU - Wanner, C AU - Rudnick, R L AU - McDonough, W F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract EP14A EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729846038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Lithium+isotopes+as+proxy+of+continental+silicate+weathering&rft.au=Liu%2C+X+M%3BWanner%2C+C%3BRudnick%2C+R+L%3BMcDonough%2C+W+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of bed topography on modeled grounding line migration in a conditional simulation of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica AN - 1722155205; 2015-097636 AB - Chief among the challenges involved with accurately modeling grounding line migration of marine terminating ice sheets is integrating grounding line dynamics together with accurate sub-kilometer scale bed topography. We address this challenge using a Berkeley Ice Sheet Initiative for Climate at Extreme Scales (BISICLES) ice sheet model with a new 250 m resolution conditional simulation of the bed beneath Thwaites Glacier and its catchment area. The new bed topography was created by interpolating aerogeophysical observations to a fine grid using inhomogeneous statistics with channelized morphology and a realistic small-scale roughness. The primary interest here is understanding how (and why) the more realistic bed geometry affects model behavior and projections of future change, relative to projections made using simpler bed geometries. We use the same forcing as prior work on the Thwaites and Pine Island Glacier systems--parameterized warm water incursion beneath the floating glacier terminus--and compare the resulting grounding line retreat to retreat simulated using the same model with a standard 1 km resolution basal elevation data set. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Waibel, M S AU - Jackson, Charles S AU - Hulbe, Christina L AU - Martin, D F AU - Goff, J A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract C51A EP - 0250 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722155205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+bed+topography+on+modeled+grounding+line+migration+in+a+conditional+simulation+of+Thwaites+Glacier%2C+West+Antarctica&rft.au=Waibel%2C+M+S%3BJackson%2C+Charles+S%3BHulbe%2C+Christina+L%3BMartin%2C+D+F%3BGoff%2C+J+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Waibel&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PbCl (sub 2) and SnCl (sub 2) at high-pressures as analogs for SiO (sub 2) metallization AN - 1722152978; 2015-097817 AB - PbCl2 and SnCl2 crystallize in the orthorhombic cotunnite structure, a high-pressure crystal structure of silica, making these salts important analogs for understanding the bonding properties of silicates at conditions of deep planetary interiors. Using infrared absorption (FTIR) spectroscopy to peak pressures of 50-70 GPa at room temperature, we document closure of the electronic energy gaps for both salts as they transition from ionic toward metallic states under compression. The gaps likely reflect the separation between occupied-states primarily associated with the anion, and unoccupied metal-ion states. Room-temperature x-ray diffraction to 80 GPa and first-principles calculations (density functional theory) reveal a continuous displacive transition in PbCl2 (orthorhombic I-II transition), which is expected to become metallic around 100 GPa; metallization of SnCl2 is anticipated near 80 GPa. High-pressure shock experiments show that fluid SiO2 is metallic at the high temperatures achieved in giant impacts (>1-2 eV). Thus, the transition to metallic states of several crystalline AX2 analogs suggests that rocky matter may more generally become metallic inside large terrestrial planets. These studies imply a blurring between the traditional concepts of mantle and core, with metallic silicates potentially being present in crystalline form in the mantles and in liquid form in the cores of super-Earths. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Smart, T J AU - Diamond, M R AU - O'Bannon, E F, III AU - Yan, J AU - Stackhouse, S AU - Godwal, B K AU - Jeanloz, R AU - Williams, Quentin C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract MR33A EP - 4354 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 17A:General geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722152978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=PbCl+%28sub+2%29+and+SnCl+%28sub+2%29+at+high-pressures+as+analogs+for+SiO+%28sub+2%29+metallization&rft.au=Smart%2C+T+J%3BDiamond%2C+M+R%3BO%27Bannon%2C+E+F%2C+III%3BYan%2C+J%3BStackhouse%2C+S%3BGodwal%2C+B+K%3BJeanloz%2C+R%3BWilliams%2C+Quentin+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Smart&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variations in evapotranspiration fluxes across geomorphological units and plant functional types in a polygonal-structure tundra in Barrow, Alaska AN - 1718054011; 2015-095647 AB - Although the landscape in tundra ecosystems is relatively flat, and the vegetation is typically shorter than 10 cm, micro-topographical changes within the polygonal structure produce spatial heterogeneity in the form of permafrost depth, soil temperature, soil moisture, and wind speed. Plants react to these conditions and form linkages with the landscape. For example, mosses occupy the wet troughs and lichens are more abundant in the drier high-centred polygons. We conducted measurements in a polygonal-structure tundra site at Barrow, Alaska, to investigate the interconnections between evapotranspiration fluxes, geomorphology and plant cover, during two consecutive years. Fluxes were measured at three spatial and temporal scales: (1) Eddy covariance flux tower, (2) Continuous, fixed, surface clear chamber, and (3) Discontinuous measurements with mobile chambers in approximately 60 locations across the landscape. Our results indicate that different environmental conditions (soil moisture, soil temperature, wind speed, and thaw depth) and plant community composition, driven by microtopographical features, have significant influences on soil greenhouse gas and energy fluxes. Among plant types, evapotranspiration fluxes from moss-covered and inundated areas were more than twice those from other plant types. Continuous chamber measurements were similar in trend and values to eddy-covariance measurements, implying on the high contribution of surface fluxes to atmospheric concentrations. However, wind direction influenced the upscaling of fluxes from chamber to tower, because maritime winds had different moisture content and temperature than terrestrial winds. Microclimate was also affected by microtopography, and wind speed was higher on polygon ridges, and lower in the more protected trough areas, affecting evapotranspiration fluxes. In addition, we observed a strong seasonal trend in fluxes. During peak summer, although 24-hour daylight occurs, our results indicated substantial diurnal variations, despite constant daylight conditions. Information gathered in this research has advance our understanding of coupled processes in Arctic terrestrial ecosystems, and will be used to improve climate model predictions for this already rapidly changing ecosystem. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Raz Yaseef, N AU - Young, J M AU - Rahn, T A AU - Newman, B D AU - Torn, M S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract C11C EP - 0385 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718054011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Variations+in+evapotranspiration+fluxes+across+geomorphological+units+and+plant+functional+types+in+a+polygonal-structure+tundra+in+Barrow%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Raz+Yaseef%2C+N%3BYoung%2C+J+M%3BRahn%2C+T+A%3BNewman%2C+B+D%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Raz+Yaseef&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying multiscale zonation and assessing the relative importance of polygon geomorphology and polygon types on carbon fluxes in an Arctic tundra ecosystem AN - 1718053769; 2015-095641 AB - Quantifying the spatial distribution of surface and subsurface properties over a range of scales is critical for improved prediction of carbon cycling in the Arctic ecosystem. This is the first study to develop a multiscale zonation approach to characterize the spatial variability of geomorphic elements and to assess the relative controls of these elements on land surface and subsurface properties, and carbon fluxes. Working within an Arctic ice-wedge polygonal region near Barrow AK, we consider two-scales of zonation, including polygon features (troughs, centers, and rims of polygons) nested within polygon types (high, flat, and low-centered). The methodology includes (1) delineating polygons using the LiDAR digital elevation map (DEM), (2) identifying data-defined polygon types along the intensive observation transects by applying a clustering method to collocated ground-based geophysical imaging data and above-ground kite-based landscape imaging data, (3) distributing polygon types over the area using the polygon statistics extracted from the LiDAR DEM, and (4) characterizing the carbon fluxes and associated surface-subsurface properties including soil moisture, soil temperature, aqueous geochemistry, thaw depth and normalized difference vegetation index in each polygon type and polygon feature. Results show that nested zonation -- polygon types and polygon features -- can be used to represent distinct distributions of carbon fluxes and associated properties, as well as co-variability among those properties. Importantly, the results indicate that polygon types have more power to explain the variations in properties, including carbon fluxes, than polygon features. The developed approach is found to be valuable to tractably characterize multiscale zonation over large Arctic ecosystems using multiscale datasets as well as to derive information to assess the variability of the key components in the system, including carbon fluxes. This approach is expected to improve system understanding, site characterization, and parameterization of numerical models aimed at predicting ecosystem feedbacks to the climate. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wainwright (Murakami Wainwright), Haruko Murakami (Haruko) AU - Dafflon, B AU - Smith, Lydia J AU - Hahn, Melanie S AU - Ulrich, C AU - Wu, Y AU - Peterson, J AU - Curtis, J B AU - Torn, M S AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B54F EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Identifying+multiscale+zonation+and+assessing+the+relative+importance+of+polygon+geomorphology+and+polygon+types+on+carbon+fluxes+in+an+Arctic+tundra+ecosystem&rft.au=Wainwright+%28Murakami+Wainwright%29%2C+Haruko+Murakami+%28Haruko%29%3BDafflon%2C+B%3BSmith%2C+Lydia+J%3BHahn%2C+Melanie+S%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BWu%2C+Y%3BPeterson%2C+J%3BCurtis%2C+J+B%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wainwright+%28Murakami+Wainwright%29&rft.aufirst=Haruko+Murakami&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new critical state model for geomechanical behavior of methane hydrate-bearing sands AN - 1718053546; 2015-092435 AB - Methane hydrate bearing sands behave like sands once the hydrate has dissociated, but could exhibit a substantial increase in the shear strength, stiffness and dilatancy as the degree of hydrate saturation increases. A new critical state model was developed that incorporates the spatially mobilized plane (SMP) concept, which has been proven effective in modeling mechanical behavior of sands. While this new model was built on the basic constructs of the critical state model, important enhancements were introduced. The model adopted the t-stress concept, which defined the normal and shear stress on the SMP, in describing the plastic behavior of the soil. In this connection the versatile Matsuoka-Nakai yield criterion was also employed, which defined the general three dimensional yield behavior. The resulting constitutive law was associated in the t-stress space, but became non-associated in the conventional p-q stress space as it should be for sands. The model also introduced a generalized degree of hydrate saturation concept that was modified from the pioneering work of the Cambridge group. The model gives stress change when the sands are subjected to straining, and/or to hydrate saturation changes. The performance of the model has been found satisfactory using data from laboratory triaxial tests on reconstituted samples and core samples taken from Nankai Trough, Japan. The model has been implemented into FLAC3D. A coupling example with the multiphase flow code, TOUGH+, is presented which simulates the mechanical behavior of a sample when the surrounding temperature has been raised, and the hydrate undergoes state change and no longer resides in the stability zone. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lin, J S AU - Xing, P AU - Rutqvist, J AU - Seol, Yongkoo AU - Choi, J H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B11B EP - 0012 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+new+critical+state+model+for+geomechanical+behavior+of+methane+hydrate-bearing+sands&rft.au=Lin%2C+J+S%3BXing%2C+P%3BRutqvist%2C+J%3BSeol%2C+Yongkoo%3BChoi%2C+J+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deep soil carbon and its vulnerability to global environmental change; process understanding and representation in Earth system models AN - 1718053526; 2015-092494 AB - Because more than 80% of the world's soil organic carbon (SOC) is found below 20 cm depth, deep SOC has the potential to form large positive feedbacks to climate change. According to climate projections, temperature changes at 1 m depth will largely keep pace with warming air temperatures over the next century. While surface SOC decomposes exponentially faster with warming, little is known about the temperature response of deeper carbon, or the modes of stabilization of deeper SOC. Most biogeochemical studies have been limited to the surface soil. Likewise, soil biogeochemical models in Earth System Models are parameterized for surface soil and lack mechanisms important for stabilization of deep SOC, such as organo-mineral associations. Radiocarbon observations in different soil types show that SOC residence of time of SOC increases with depth, with residences times over 10,000 years in many soils by 1 m deep. That means this SOC has accumulated slowly over time; if stabilization mechanisms are disrupted, leading to large changes in decomposition rates, SOC losses are unlikely to be compensated for by increased in plant inputs. Therefore, we suggest that a critical challenge for ESMs is to achieve process-level understanding and the ability to predict whether, and how, the large stores of old SOC can be made rapidly accessible to microbial transformation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Torn, M S AU - Koven, C D AU - Riley, W J AU - Zhu, Biao AU - Hicks Pries, C AU - Phillips, Claire L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B11K EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Deep+soil+carbon+and+its+vulnerability+to+global+environmental+change%3B+process+understanding+and+representation+in+Earth+system+models&rft.au=Torn%2C+M+S%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BZhu%2C+Biao%3BHicks+Pries%2C+C%3BPhillips%2C+Claire+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metatranscriptomic evidence of chemolithoautotrophy in the Rifle (CO) subsurface relevant to C, S, N, and Fe cycling AN - 1718053435; 2015-092642 AB - Although there is a limited understanding of the chemolithoautotrophic activity of aquifer microorganisms, such subsurface microbial activity could greatly influence the cycling of elements such as C, S, N, and Fe. Here, we present transcriptional (RNA-Seq) evidence of the emergence of such chemolithoautotrophic activities in groundwater filter samples from a 2-month experiment in which up to 1.5 mM nitrate (a native electron acceptor) was injected into a perennially suboxic/anoxic aquifer (Rifle, CO) containing a large reservoir of reduced Fe- and S-containing compounds. Illumina sequence data from rRNA-subtracted cDNA libraries was assembled and mapped to phylogenetically binned Rifle metagenome data. Indicative of the activity of Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria, many high-abundance transcripts mapped to the Gallionellaceae family, whose known members are chemolithoautotrophic bacteria that catalyze Fe(II) oxidation. For example, included among the most abundant transcripts were a cold-shock protein and an acyl carrier protein with 96-98% protein sequence identity to Gallionella capsiferriformans and a nitrite reductase (nirS) gene likely belonging to a Sideroxydans relative. The apparent activity of Gallionellaceae members is consistent with 16S rRNA iTag analyses of these samples, which indicated that Gallionella-related taxa accounted for up to approximately 50% of these communities. Evidence of sulfide oxidation also was apparent in these samples. For example, highly expressed subunits of APS reductase were very similar to those of the obligately chemolithoautotrophic S- and Fe(II)-oxidizing Thiobacillus denitrificans in terms of sequence identity (98-99%) and synteny of the mapped scaffold. Also highly expressed were a beta -Proteobacterial Form II RubisCO gene and a hydrazine oxidoreductase gene (93% identity to the planctomycete KSU-1), the latter strongly indicative of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) activity, which has seldom been reported in aquifer environments. Such gene-level data on CO2 fixation and Fe(II), sulfide, and ammonium oxidation in the Rifle subsurface will contribute to genome-enabled modeling efforts aimed at developing a predictive understanding of biogeochemical processes at the site as part of LBNL's Sustainable Systems Scientific Focus Area (SFA) 2.0. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Beller, H R AU - Jewell, T N M AU - Karaoz, U AU - Thomas, Brian C AU - Banfield, J F AU - Brodie, E AU - Williams, K H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B22D EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718053435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Metatranscriptomic+evidence+of+chemolithoautotrophy+in+the+Rifle+%28CO%29+subsurface+relevant+to+C%2C+S%2C+N%2C+and+Fe+cycling&rft.au=Beller%2C+H+R%3BJewell%2C+T+N+M%3BKaraoz%2C+U%3BThomas%2C+Brian+C%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BBrodie%2C+E%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Beller&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subsurface carbon cycling below the root zone AN - 1718052282; 2015-092696 AB - Carbon in the subsurface below the root zone is an important yet poorly understood link in the terrestrial C cycle, interfacing between overlying soil and downstream aquatic systems. Thus, the nature and behavior of C in the vadose zone and groundwater, particularly the dynamics of mobile dissolved and suspended aqueous species, need to be understood for predicting C cycling and responses to climate change. This study is designed to understand the C balance (influxes, effluxes, and sequestration) and mechanisms controlling subsurface organic and inorganic C transport and transformation. Our initial investigations are being conducted at the Rifle Site floodplain along the Colorado River, in Colorado (USA). Within this floodplain, sediment samples were collected and sampling/monitoring instruments were installed down to 7 m depth at three sites. Pore water and gas samplers at 0.5 m depth intervals within the approximately 3.5 m deep vadose zone, and multilevel aquifer samplers have yielded depth- and time-resolved profiles of dissolved and suspended organic and inorganic C, and CO2 for over 1.5 years. Analyses conducted to determine seasonally and vertically resolved geochemical profiles show that dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics vary among three distinct hydrobiogeochemical zones; the vadose zone, capillary fringe, and saturated zone. The concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) are many times higher in the vadose zone and the capillary fringe than in groundwater, and vary seasonally. The DOM speciation, aqueous geochemistry, solid phase analyses, and d13C isotope data show the importance of both biotic and abiotic C transformations during transport through the vertical gradients of moisture and temperature. In addition to DOM, suspended organic C and bacteria have been collected from samplers within the capillary fringe. Based on the field-based findings, long-term laboratory column experiments are being conducted under simulated field moisture, temperature, and geochemical conditions in order to gain more quantitative understanding of the C balance within different hydrobiogeochemical zones. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wan, J AU - Dong, W AU - Kim, Y AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Bill, M AU - Conrad, M E AU - Williams, K H AU - Long, P E AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B33B EP - 0164 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718052282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Subsurface+carbon+cycling+below+the+root+zone&rft.au=Wan%2C+J%3BDong%2C+W%3BKim%2C+Y%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BBill%2C+M%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BLong%2C+P+E%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of temperature, pH, and growth rate on the stable isotope composition of calcite AN - 1718052201; 2015-092668 AB - The oxygen isotope composition of carbonate minerals varies with temperature as well as other environmental variables. For carbonates that precipitate slowly, under conditions that approach thermodynamic equilibrium, the temperature-dependence of 18O uptake is the dominant signal and the measured 18O content can be used as a paleotemperature proxy. In the more common case where carbonate minerals grow in a regime where they are not in isotopic equilibrium with their host solution, their stable isotope compositions are a convolution of the effects of multiple environmental variables. We present results from inorganic calcite growth experiments demonstrating the occurrence of non-equilibrium oxygen isotope effects that vary systematically with pH and crystal growth rate. We have developed an isotopic ion-by-ion crystal growth model that quantifies the competing roles of temperature, pH, and growth rate, and provides a general description of calcite-water oxygen isotope fractionation under non-equilibrium conditions. The model predicts that (1) there are both equilibrium and kinetic contributions to calcite oxygen isotopes at biogenic growth rates, (2) calcite does not inherit the stable isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), (3) for oxygen isotopes there is a kinetically controlled variation of about 1 ppm per pH unit between pH=7.7 and 9.3 at constant growth rate for inorganic calcite as well as the foraminifera Orbulina universa, and (4) extreme light isotope enrichments in calcite in alkaline environments are likely due to disequilibrium among DIC species in aqueous solution. The experimental and modeling approaches can be extended to carbon isotope as well as clumped isotope uptake into calcite but additional data are needed to constrain the kinetic fractionation factors for carbon isotopes and doubly-substituted isotopologues. The results will be discussed in the context of separating the relative influence of inorganic and biologic processes on isotopic fractionation. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Watkins, J M AU - Hunt, J D AU - Ryerson, F J AU - DePaolo, D J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31H EP - 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718052201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+temperature%2C+pH%2C+and+growth+rate+on+the+stable+isotope+composition+of+calcite&rft.au=Watkins%2C+J+M%3BHunt%2C+J+D%3BRyerson%2C+F+J%3BDePaolo%2C+D+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foundations of soil organic matter stabilization; tracing the influence of mineralogy on the initial sorption of root-derived carbon AN - 1718052101; 2015-092564 AB - Soils are the largest terrestrial carbon (C) reservoir, storing 2,300 Gt C globally, with the largest C input allocated by plant roots. Many root-derived C inputs are low molecular weight compounds (exudates), although complex C compounds from sloughed off cells and decaying roots also contribute precursors to the soil organic matter (SOM) pool. Root-derived compounds are metabolized by microorganisms, using extracellular enzymes to degrade the more complex C compounds. Thus, products of microbial use of root C may be free in soil solution or occur as microbial cell material. Products of root decomposition are stabilized in soil when C compounds are protected from degradation by (i) chemical recalcitrance, (ii) physical protection by aggregation, or (iii) physical-chemical protection by sorption to mineral surfaces. Previous studies show that sorption of SOM to soil minerals can stabilize C compounds for up to thousands of years. We examined the influence of soil mineralogy on sorption of root-derived C. We hypothesized that differences in specific surface area (SSA) and chemical reactivity of four mineral types: goethite, kaolinite, quartz, as well as native minerals extracted from field soil, are significant controls on the rate, quantity, and composition of mineral-sorbed SOM. Soils were collected at the UC Hopland Research and Extension Center in Hopland, CA and planted in soil microcosms with the common annual grass A. barbata; seeds collected from the field site. Microcosms were incubated in a sealed chamber under 13CO2 (99 atom%) for 8 weeks. Plant photosynthesized-C is allocated to the soil via roots, and with the 13C label, allows us to trace the fate of plant-derived C in the soil. Minerals, which were isolated in 18 mu m mesh to exclude roots but not microorganisms, were extracted and measured for total C and 13C atom% after a 12 week growing season of A. barbata. Preliminary FTIR and 13C-NMR analysis show differences in the chemical composition of mineral-associated SOM. Understanding the pathway through which SOM is first stabilized by mineral-association in soils, and the influence of soil mineralogy on that pathway, may improve models of soil C cycling and climate change predictions for soil C pools. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Neurath, R AU - Nico, P S AU - Pett-Ridge, J AU - Firestone, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B13N EP - 0075 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718052101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Foundations+of+soil+organic+matter+stabilization%3B+tracing+the+influence+of+mineralogy+on+the+initial+sorption+of+root-derived+carbon&rft.au=Neurath%2C+R%3BNico%2C+P+S%3BPett-Ridge%2C+J%3BFirestone%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Neurath&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redox fluctuation influences viral abundance in the reduced zone of a shallow alluvial aquifer in Rifle, CO AN - 1718052090; 2015-092585 AB - Naturally reduced zones (NRZs) within alluvial aquifers contain naturally elevated concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and can play a role in controlling the fate of redox-active contaminants. OC in NRZs stimulates microbial activity through coupling of OC oxidation to reduction of subsurface electron acceptors. Stimulation of the indigenous microbial community also results in the stimulation of the viral community. Viruses are the most abundant biological entity on Earth and can indirectly influence carbon cycling by infecting and lysing host cells, resulting in release of OC bound in biomass. In the alluvial aquifer near Rifle, CO, prior acetate injection resulted in reductive immobilization of U and a reduced zone simulating a NRZ, with elevated ferrous iron and sulfide (53.2-62.5 mu M and 0.2-3.1 mu M, respectively). To study the effects of redox fluctuations in a RZ, oxygenated groundwater was injected. Prior to injection, groundwater was suboxic (0.05-0.11 mg/L). Amended O2 was immediately consumed in the RZ. While cell numbers didn't significantly increase, viruses increased from 1.1X106-2.1X106 mL-1 to 2.3X106-4.6X106 mL-1. VCR increased 1.8-3.4 fold from 3.9-10.1 to 11.0-17.9, demonstrating microbial activity. These changes were associated with large fluctuations of groundwater dissolved OC, suggesting viral release of OC from cellular biomass. Groundwater ORP decreased from an initial -146 mV to -132 mV to -317 mV to -304 mV, indicating an increase in the supply of available electron donors. Thus, rather than expected oxidative solubilization of U following amendment of O2, soluble U decreased, suggesting likely U reduction in the RZ. Fe and S fluctuated, but changes were not associated with aqueous U. Across the whole floodplain, viral abundance is correlated to groundwater dissolved OC, suggesting that viruses may be contributing to the liberalization of dissolved OC from biomass in NRZs, allowing turnover of carbon and reduction of contaminants of interest, independent of external acetate amendment. This is especially important considering the role of OC in controlling the fate and transport of contaminants in aquifers. These results suggest that viruses are an important factor to consider in the turnover and retention of carbon in the subsurface. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Pan, D AU - Williams, K H AU - Robbins, M AU - Weber, K A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B21B EP - 0039 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718052090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Redox+fluctuation+influences+viral+abundance+in+the+reduced+zone+of+a+shallow+alluvial+aquifer+in+Rifle%2C+CO&rft.au=Pan%2C+D%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BRobbins%2C+M%3BWeber%2C+K+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Importance of organic matter-uranium biogeochemistry to uranium plume persistence in the upper Colorado River basin AN - 1718052050; 2015-092586 AB - Recent evidence suggests that biologically driven redox reactions, fueled by sedimentary lenses enriched in detrital organic matter, play major roles in maintaining the persistent uranium groundwater plume in the subsurface at the U.S. Department of Enery's Rifle, CO field research site. Biogeochemical cycling of C, N, Fe, and S is highly active in these organic-rich naturally reduced zones (NRZs), and uranium is present as U(IV). The speciation of these elements profoundly influences the susceptibility of uranium to be reoxidized and remobilized and contribute to plume persistence. However, uranium speciation in particular is poorly constrained in these systems. To better evaluate the importance of NRZs to uranium mobility and plume persistence at the Rifle site, the DOE-BER-funded SLAC SFA team has characterized vertical concentration profiles and speciation of uranium, iron, sulfur, and NOM in well bores at high spatial resolution (4 inch intervals). Up to 95% of the sedimentary uranium pool was found to be concentrated in NRZs, where it occurs dominantly as non-crystalline forms of U(IV). Uranium accumulation and the presence of the short-lived sulfide mackinawite (FeS) at NRZ-aquifer interfaces indicate that NRZs actively exchange solutes with the surrounding aquifer. Moreover, sediment textures indicate that NRZs are likely to be abundant in riparian zones throughout the upper Colorado River basin (U.S.A.), which contains most of the contaminated DOE legacy uranium ore processing sites in the U.S. These results suggest that NRZ-uranium interactions may be important to plume persistence regionally and emphasize the importance of understanding molecular-scale processes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bargar, J AU - Janot, N AU - Jones, M E AU - Bone, S E AU - Lezama-Pacheco, J AU - Fendorf, S E AU - Long, Phil E AU - Williams, K H AU - Bush, Richard P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B21B EP - 0040 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718052050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Importance+of+organic+matter-uranium+biogeochemistry+to+uranium+plume+persistence+in+the+upper+Colorado+River+basin&rft.au=Bargar%2C+J%3BJanot%2C+N%3BJones%2C+M+E%3BBone%2C+S+E%3BLezama-Pacheco%2C+J%3BFendorf%2C+S+E%3BLong%2C+Phil+E%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BBush%2C+Richard+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bargar&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metatranscriptomic analysis of groundwater reveals an active anammox bacterial population AN - 1718051651; 2015-092484 AB - Groundwater is a major natural resource, yet little is known about the contribution of microbial anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) activity to subsurface nitrogen cycling. During anammox, energy is generated as ammonium is oxidized under anaerobic conditions to dinitrogen gas, using nitrite as the final electron acceptor. This process is a global sink for fixed nitrogen. Only a narrow range of monophyletic bacteria within the Planctomycetes carries out anammox, and the full extent of their metabolism, and subsequent impact on nitrogen cycling and microbial community structure, is still unknown. Here, we employ a metatranscriptomic analysis on enriched mRNA to identify the abundance and activity of a population of anammox bacteria within an aquifer at Rifle, CO. Planktonic biomass was collected over a two-month period after injection of up to 1.5 mM nitrate. Illumina-generated sequences were mapped to a phylogenetically binned Rifle metagenome database. We identified transcripts for genes with high protein sequence identities (81-98%) to those of anammox strain KSU-1 and to two of the five anammox bacteria genera, Brocadia and Kuenenia, suggesting an active, if not diverse, anammox population. Many of the most abundant anammox transcripts mapped to a single scaffold, indicative of a single dominant anammox species. Transcripts of the genes necessary for the anammox pathway were present, including an ammonium transporter (amtB), nitrite/formate transporter, nitrite reductase (nirK), and hydrazine oxidoreductase (hzoB). The form of nitrite reductase encoded by anammox is species-dependent, and we only identified nirK, with no evidence of anammox nirS. In addition to the anammox pathway we saw evidence of the anammox bacterial dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium pathway (narH, putative nrfA, and nrfB), which provides an alternate means of generating substrates for anammox from nitrate, rather than relying on an external pool. Transcripts for hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO) were abundant and more similar to known anammox HAO genes than those used in aerobic ammonia oxidation. The elevated levels of anammox transcripts suggest that anammox may play a significant role in nitrogen cycling within groundwater systems. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jewell, T N M AU - Karaoz, U AU - Thomas, Brian C AU - Banfield, J F AU - Brodie, E AU - Williams, K H AU - Beller, H R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B11H EP - 0153 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718051651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Metatranscriptomic+analysis+of+groundwater+reveals+an+active+anammox+bacterial+population&rft.au=Jewell%2C+T+N+M%3BKaraoz%2C+U%3BThomas%2C+Brian+C%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BBrodie%2C+E%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BBeller%2C+H+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jewell&rft.aufirst=T+N&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions between mineral surfaces, substrates, enzymes, and microbes result in hysteretic temperature sensitivities and microbial carbon use efficiencies and weaker predicted carbon-climate feedbacks AN - 1718051635; 2015-092689 AB - We hypothesize that the large observed variability in decomposition temperature sensitivity and carbon use efficiency arises from interactions between temperature, microbial biogeochemistry, and mineral surface sorptive reactions. To test this hypothesis, we developed a numerical model that integrates the Dynamic Energy Budget concept for microbial physiology, microbial trait-based community structure and competition, process-specific thermodynamically-based temperature sensitivity, a non-linear mineral sorption isotherm, and enzyme dynamics. We show, because mineral surfaces interact with substrates, enzymes, and microbes, both temperature sensitivity and microbial carbon use efficiency are hysteretic and highly variable. Further, by mimicking the traditional approach to interpreting soil incubation observations, we demonstrate that the conventional labile and recalcitrant substrate characterization for temperature sensitivity is flawed. In a 4 K temperature perturbation experiment, our fully dynamic model predicted more variable but weaker carbon-climate feedbacks than did the static temperature sensitivity and carbon use efficiency model when forced with yearly, daily, and hourly variable temperatures. These results imply that current earth system models likely over-estimate the response of soil carbon stocks to global warming. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Riley, W J AU - Tang, J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B32E EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718051635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Interactions+between+mineral+surfaces%2C+substrates%2C+enzymes%2C+and+microbes+result+in+hysteretic+temperature+sensitivities+and+microbial+carbon+use+efficiencies+and+weaker+predicted+carbon-climate+feedbacks&rft.au=Riley%2C+W+J%3BTang%2C+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence analyses reveal the spatial and seasonal variability of dissolved organic matter through the vadose zone to groundwater at the Rifle, Colorado River floodplain site AN - 1718051628; 2015-092697 AB - Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex and poorly understood mixture of natural organic compounds that play important roles in terrestrial C transport and biogeochemical cycles, and its reactivity makes it sensitive to seasonal variations and longer term climate change. As a component within the LBNL Science Focus Area 2.0, this study is designed to determine the spatial and temporal variability of DOM concentrations and characteristics throughout the vadose zone and groundwater within a semi-arid floodplain at Rifle, Colorado. Three sets of vertically stratified pore water samplers and wells were installed along a groundwater flow transect. These installations allowed acquisition of vertically- and temporally-resolved pore water samples from the vadose zone, capillary fringe, and saturated zone from April 2013 to May 2014. Ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UVA) and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy are being applied to trace the changes in DOM characteristics. Initial results indicate that the aromatic C contents (%) of DOM vary with depth and season and exhibit patterns distinct from groundwater. EEM analysis identified fulvic- and humic-like substances as the major fluorescent components of DOM in pore water samples. The concentrations of fulvic- and humic-like matter decreases with depth within the vadose zone, and increases from Spring and Summer to Fall, then decreases in Winter. The trend is consistent with UVA results. Microbial by-product-like components in DOM show higher concentrations in the vadose zone, and decrease from Spring to Winter. Fulvic- and humic-like substances are the only detectable fluorophore components in the groundwater samples. The results from both UVA and EEM suggest that (1) aromatic C or fulvic- and humic-like matter are preferentially adsorbed within shallower sediments during transport; and (2) microbial transformations of DOM composition may occur in the vadose zone, particularly during late Spring and early Summer. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Dong, W AU - Wan, J AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Gilbert, B AU - Kim, Y AU - Williams, K H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B33B EP - 0165 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718051628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Ultraviolet-visible+and+fluorescence+analyses+reveal+the+spatial+and+seasonal+variability+of+dissolved+organic+matter+through+the+vadose+zone+to+groundwater+at+the+Rifle%2C+Colorado+River+floodplain+site&rft.au=Dong%2C+W%3BWan%2C+J%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BGilbert%2C+B%3BKim%2C+Y%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clay mineralogy of soils and sediments from an alluvial aquifer, Rifle, Colorado AN - 1718051625; 2015-092589 AB - Alluvial aquifers along the Colorado River corridor in central to western Colorado contain legacy contamination including U, V, As and Se. These alluvial aquifers host important "hot spots" and "hot moments" for microbiological activity controlling organic carbon processing and fluxes in the subsurface that are both significant on their own, but also influence contaminant behavior. Mineral phases likely active in the sequestration of metal contaminants are chlorite, smectite-vermiculite, illite, and smectite. These minerals are also important biogeofacies markers. The Colorado alluvial sediments include lenses of silt and clay that are commonly more reduced than coarser grained materials. The clay minerals that make up the alluvial aquifer sediments include these mineral phases important for metal sequestration (chlorite, smectite, illite), as well as kaolinite and quartz. More specifically, the clay mineralogy of soils derived from these sediments at Rifle are composed of the same suite of minerals found in the alluvial sediments plus a vermiculite-smectite intergrade. The vermiculite-smectite intergrade is a weathering product of illite. The presence of illite and chlorite in both the sediments and the soils at Rifle reflect a mineralogically immature character of the source rocks. These assemblages are consistent with sediments and soils that formed in a moderately low rainfall climate, indicative of mixed provence of immature (chlorite, smectite, illite) and mature (kaolinite) minerals relative to their source areas. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Elliott, W C AU - Zaunbrecher, L K AU - Lim, D AU - Pickering, R A AU - Williams, K H AU - Long, Phil E AU - Qafoku, Nik P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B21B EP - 0043 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718051625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Clay+mineralogy+of+soils+and+sediments+from+an+alluvial+aquifer%2C+Rifle%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Elliott%2C+W+C%3BZaunbrecher%2C+L+K%3BLim%2C+D%3BPickering%2C+R+A%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BLong%2C+Phil+E%3BQafoku%2C+Nik+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zero-D to one-D; challenges and implications of considering vertical soil C profiles in Earth System Models AN - 1718051549; 2015-092495 AB - Earth system models have traditionally considered soil biogeochemical transformations as occurring only at the surface, neglecting C and nutrient cycling that occurs below the surface zone. However, much of the world's soil C lies below this surface zone, and the dynamics of this carbon in response to global change may differ considerably from those at the surface. We have implemented a vertically-resolved soil biogeochemistry model into the Community Land Model (CLM4.5), and discuss the uncertainties in adding this level of increased complexity as well as the implications of this representation on the response of C cycle feedbacks. We focus on the uncertainty of how decomposition rates differ between the surface and depth, and show that this uncertainty maps strongly onto the response of soil C to warming, which is primarily due to the response of permafrost soils and their post-thaw decomposition dynamics. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Koven, C D AU - Lawrence, D M AU - Riley, W J AU - Torn, M S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B11K EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718051549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Zero-D+to+one-D%3B+challenges+and+implications+of+considering+vertical+soil+C+profiles+in+Earth+System+Models&rft.au=Koven%2C+C+D%3BLawrence%2C+D+M%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Koven&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fast oxidation processes in a naturally reduced aquifer zone caused by dissolved oxygen AN - 1718051302; 2015-092588 AB - The occurrence of naturally reduced zones is quite common in alluvial aquifers in the western U.S.A. due to the burial of woody debris in flood plains. The naturally reduced zones are heterogeneously dispersed in such aquifers and are characterized by high concentrations of organic carbon and reduced phases, including iron sulfides and reduced forms of metals, including uranium(IV). The persistence of high concentrations of dissolved uranium(VI) at uranium-contaminated aquifers on the Colorado Plateau has been attributed to slow oxidation of insoluble uranium(IV) mineral phases that are found in association with these natural reducing zones, although there is little understanding of the relative importance of various potential oxidants. Three field experiments were conducted within an alluvial aquifer adjacent to the Colorado River near Rifle, CO wherein groundwater associated with naturally reduced zones was pumped into a gas-impermeable tank, mixed with a conservative tracer (Br-), bubbled with a gas phase composed of 97% O2 and 3% CO2, and then returned to the subsurface in the same well from which it was withdrawn. Within minutes of re-injection of the oxygenated groundwater, dissolved uranium(VI) concentrations increased from less than 1 mu M to greater than 2.5 mu M, demonstrating that oxygen can be an important oxidant for uranium in these field systems if supplied to the naturally reduced zones. Small concentrations of nitrate were also observed in the previously nitrate-free groundwater, and Fe(II) decreased to the detection limit. These results contrast with other laboratory and field results in which oxygen was introduced to systems containing high concentrations of mackinawite (FeS) rather than the more crystalline iron sulfides found in aged, naturally reduced zones. The flux of oxygen to the naturally reduced zones in the alluvial aquifers occurs mainly through interactions between groundwater and gas phases at the water table, and seasonal variations of the water table at the Rifle, CO site may play an important role in introducing oxygen into the system. Although oxygen was introduced directly to the naturally reduced zones in these experiments, delivery of oxidants to the system may normally be controlled by other oxidative pathways in which oxygen plays an indirect role. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Davis, J A AU - Jemison, N E AU - Williams, K H AU - Hobson, C AU - Bush, Richard P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B21B EP - 0042 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718051302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Fast+oxidation+processes+in+a+naturally+reduced+aquifer+zone+caused+by+dissolved+oxygen&rft.au=Davis%2C+J+A%3BJemison%2C+N+E%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BHobson%2C+C%3BBush%2C+Richard+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Process-level measurements of methane production, oxidation, and efflux across geomorphic gradients in Arctic polygon tundra AN - 1718051294; 2015-092546 AB - Arctic wetlands are currently net sources of atmospheric CH4. CH4 emissions in Arctic tundra vary widely in space and time, with proximate controls-competing decomposition processes, substrate availability, CH4 oxidation, and CH4 transport-dependent on local climate, soil, hydrology, and biology. These complex controls and high spatial and temporal variability make it difficult to characterize current CH4 processes and predict their responses to climate change. We ask: (1) how do metabolic CH4 production pathways and oxidation rates vary across spatial and temporal gradients in the Arctic, and (2) how do these subsurface processes relate to surface greenhouse gas fluxes? In polygonal tundra in Barrow, Alaska, we sampled from a gradient of topographic features and subsurface ice properties, from areas with large, intact ice wedges and ice-rich permafrost (low polygons) and areas with smaller, degraded ice wedges and lower permafrost ice contents (flat/high polygons). 5 times in 2012 and 2013, we measured surface CH4 and CO2 fluxes, soil pore space concentrations of CH4, DIC, and N2O at 3 depths, stable isotope abundances of CH4 and DIC, and soil moisture and temperature. We find that surface greenhouse gas fluxes and CH4 production pathways vary between geomorphic features. Low polygons have high CH4 fluxes ( approximately 200 nm/m2s) and carbon isotope compositions typical of acetate cleavage, and flat/high polygons have low or negative CH4 fluxes and isotopic signatures typical of CO2 reduction. High dissolved CH4 concentrations at depth and 13C enrichment of shallow CH4 suggest CH4 oxidation controls surface efflux in upland features, while dual isotope measurements (D/H and 13C/12C) indicate shifting CH4 production pathways with depth, with acetate cleavage more important at shallower depths. Among distinct sub-features within each polygon type, we find that CH4 processes, relative oxidation rates, and surface emissions depend on subsurface ice properties in ways that cannot be explained by surface soil moisture and temperature measurements alone. As part of the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE-Arctic), this study's results will be integrated with a broad range of measurements, with the goal of improving regional-scale models. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Smith, Lydia J AU - Conrad, M E AU - Torn, M S AU - Bill, M AU - Curtis, J B AU - Chafe, O AU - Hahn, Melanie S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B13G EP - 0264 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718051294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Process-level+measurements+of+methane+production%2C+oxidation%2C+and+efflux+across+geomorphic+gradients+in+Arctic+polygon+tundra&rft.au=Smith%2C+Lydia+J%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BBill%2C+M%3BCurtis%2C+J+B%3BChafe%2C+O%3BHahn%2C+Melanie+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Lydia&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel approaches for delineating and studying "hotspots" and "hot moments" in fluvial environments AN - 1718051282; 2015-092695 AB - Experiments at the Department of Energy's Rifle, CO (USA) field site have long focused on stimulated biogeochemical pathways arising from organic carbon injection. While reductive pathways and their relation to uranium immobilization have been a focus since 2002, ongoing studies are exploring oxidative pathways and their role in mediating fluxes of C, N, S, and aqueous metals. Insights gained from "stimulation" experiments are providing insight into analogous natural biogeochemical pathways that mediate elemental cycling in the absence of exogenous carbon. Such reactions are instead mediated by endogenous pools of natural organic matter (NOM) deposited during aggradation of aquifer sediments associated with fluvial processes within the Colorado River floodplain. Discrete lenses of fine-grained, organic-rich sediments enriched in reduced species, such as Fe(II) and iron sulfides have been identified along the active margin of the floodplain. Referred to as "naturally reduced zones" (NRZs), these localities constitute a distinct facies type within an otherwise gravel-dominated, largely NOM-deficient matrix. NRZs represent "hotspots" of seasonally intense C, N, S, and U cycling during excursions in groundwater elevation. Air bubble imbibition within the capillary fringe is inferred to contribute to seasonally oxic groundwater, with its punctuated, "hot moment" like impact on redox-mediated reactions exhibiting close correspondence to those induced through the intentional introduction of oxidants. Reactions induce sharp gradients in nitrate and sulfate resulting from elevated rates of nitrification and oxidation of reduced sulfur as dissolved oxygen becomes non-limiting. Given their outsized role in constraining the location and timing of critical element cycling pathways, delineating the distribution of NRZs across scales of relevance to natural field systems is of great importance. Novel mapping approaches borrowed from the field of exploration geophysics provide one means for identifying such "hotspots" across a variety of environments where their formation is favored. Drilling activities and deployment of monitoring approaches to study cycling pathways of interest and as a function of hydrologic perturbation may then be performed in a targeted and scientifically-informed manner. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Williams, K H AU - Buecker, M AU - Flores Orozco, A AU - Hobson, C AU - Robbins, M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B33B EP - 0163 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1718051282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Novel+approaches+for+delineating+and+studying+%22hotspots%22+and+%22hot+moments%22+in+fluvial+environments&rft.au=Williams%2C+K+H%3BBuecker%2C+M%3BFlores+Orozco%2C+A%3BHobson%2C+C%3BRobbins%2C+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-01 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative fabric analysis of eclogite facies mylonites; texture and microtomography AN - 1707522667; 2015-081795 AB - Understanding the flow of rock deformed under eclogite facies conditions is crucial to constraint the dynamics of a subducting slab. Prograde metamorphism during burial in a subduction zone proceeds across several lithologies, resulting in heterogeneous eclogitization and potentially different processes. In order to explore the expression of such a variety in terms of a deformative fabric, we have analyzed texture and shape fabric of eclogites and eclogitic orthogneisses from the Malpica-Tui unit (NW Spain). We explore the same rock volumes with TOF-neutron diffraction (HIPPO @LANSCE) and synchrotron microtomography (SYRMEP @Elettra). Orientation distribution functions were extracted after Rietveld refinement in MAUD and morphometric data (size, aspect ratio, orientation) were obtained after image processing with FIJI, Blob3D and MATLAB. Shape fabric reflects the macroscopic foliation and lineation and correlates with texture. Garnet fabric is particularly important because of the rheological implications of its mechanical behavior. Garnet shows little elongation in both samples, and texture is significant, what probably points to a relatively dry deformative environment, with diffusion-assisted dislocation. This eclogites could represent a rigidification stage in the subduction channel preserved during the exhumation at high-P and high-T documented in the Malpica-Tui unit during the Variscan orogeny. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Gomez Barreiro, Juan AU - Voltolini, Marco AU - Martinez-Catalan, Jose R AU - Benitez-Perez, Jose Manuel AU - Diez-Fernandez, Ruben AU - Wenk, Hans-Rudolf AU - Vogel, Sven C AU - Mancini, Lucia AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract T31A EP - 4564 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707522667?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Quantitative+fabric+analysis+of+eclogite+facies+mylonites%3B+texture+and+microtomography&rft.au=Gomez+Barreiro%2C+Juan%3BVoltolini%2C+Marco%3BMartinez-Catalan%2C+Jose+R%3BBenitez-Perez%2C+Jose+Manuel%3BDiez-Fernandez%2C+Ruben%3BWenk%2C+Hans-Rudolf%3BVogel%2C+Sven+C%3BMancini%2C+Lucia%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gomez+Barreiro&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Top-down estimates of SO (sub 2) degassing emissions from the turrialba volcano using in situ measurements from unmanned aerial systems and the WRF-stilt model AN - 1707520432; 2015-084165 AB - In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the continuous volcanic degassing emissions as an important natural source of sulfur-rich gases and aerosols. To investigate the impact of volcanic degassing on atmospheric chemistry and climate forcing, chemical transport models rely on emission inventories compiled from various sources. For example, the emission database from the Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and Models (AEROCOM) project derives eruptive SO2 emissions from past literature, Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI), and limited observations from satellite and in situ instruments. Additionally, for all volcanoes with historic eruptions, AEROCOM simply assigns a constant SO2 degassing rate of 6.2X10-4 kt/day. This rudimentary estimate can lead to large uncertainties in model simulations of the volcanic SO2 lifecycle and its impact on the atmospheric composition. In this study, we propose to apply inverse modeling techniques to estimate top-down SO2 emission rates from the Turrialba Volcano (0.025 degrees N, 83.767 degrees W) using in situ SO2 measurements from unmanned aerial systems (UASs) during March 2013. We predict SO2 mixing ratios along the UASs' flight paths based on the AEROCOM a priori SO2 emission dataset and the atmospheric trajectories and surface influence simulated by the WRF-STILT model. We incorporate a high-resolution ( approximately 30 m) terrain data into the model in order to account for the effects of the complex orography on the wind conditions near the volcano. The predicted SO2 mixing ratios are compared with measurements in a statistical procedure to minimize the model-data difference thereby yielding improved posterior estimates of volcanic SO2 degassing emission rates. A detailed uncertainty analysis will be conducted during this study taking into account all sources of error in the inverse modeling approach, such as the SO2 measurements, meteorological inputs, model configurations (e.g., spatial resolution, model physics parameterizations), and back trajectory calculations. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Xi, Xin AU - Johnson, Matthew S AU - Fladeland, Matthew M AU - Pieri, David C AU - Diaz, Jorge Andres AU - Jeong, S AU - Bland, Geoff AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract A33G EP - 3284 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1707520432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Top-down+estimates+of+SO+%28sub+2%29+degassing+emissions+from+the+turrialba+volcano+using+in+situ+measurements+from+unmanned+aerial+systems+and+the+WRF-stilt+model&rft.au=Xi%2C+Xin%3BJohnson%2C+Matthew+S%3BFladeland%2C+Matthew+M%3BPieri%2C+David+C%3BDiaz%2C+Jorge+Andres%3BJeong%2C+S%3BBland%2C+Geoff%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xi&rft.aufirst=Xin&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-27 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Architectural characteristics and distribution of hydromechanical properties within a small strike-slip fault zone in a carbonates reservoir; impact on fault stability, induced seismicity, and leakage during CO (sub 2) injection AN - 1700098421; 2015-073629 AB - Within the LSBB National Underground Research Laboratory (France), we performed an in situ multidisciplinary and multi-scale analysis of a small fault zone intersecting a layered carbonates reservoir. The study area is located in a gallery at 250 m depth in the unsaturated and unaltered zone of the reservoir. In order to study the distribution of the fault zone properties, we took advantage of the gallery wall and of three vertical 20 m long boreholes located near the fault core, in the damage zone, and in the host rock. Geological, petrophysical (porosity observations and measurements), geotechnical (Q-value) and geophysical measurements (acoustic velocities, uniaxial compressive strength, electrical resistivity, borehole logging), and injection tests were conducted at various scales. We show that horizontal and vertical variations in hydromechanical properties within the damage zone are related to the initial petrophysical properties of the host rock. In the initial low-porosity and fractured layers, the deformations are accommodated by fractures and micro-cracks extending significantly from the fault core. In these layers, the Young modulus of the rock mass (Em) is low and the permeability of the rock mass (Km) is high. In the initial porous and low fractured layers, deformations are accommodated by micro-mechanical processes resulting in a decrease in micro-porosity near the fault core. There is a rapid attenuation of the damage zone. In these layers, Em is high and Km is low. The seismic signature of this kind of fault is complex and the seismic visibility low making them hard to detect. Finally, to assess fault zone stability in case of CO2 injection and the risk of CO2 leakage through the fault itself, we performed some geomechanical numerical simulations and some field hydromechanical tests. We show that the presence of hydromechanical heterogeneity favors the fluid accumulation but strengthen the fault zone and impede fluid migration upward along the fault. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Jeanne, P AU - Cappa, F AU - Guglielmi, Y AU - Rinaldi, Antonio Pio AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract T33A EP - 4644 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1700098421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Architectural+characteristics+and+distribution+of+hydromechanical+properties+within+a+small+strike-slip+fault+zone+in+a+carbonates+reservoir%3B+impact+on+fault+stability%2C+induced+seismicity%2C+and+leakage+during+CO+%28sub+2%29+injection&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+P%3BCappa%2C+F%3BGuglielmi%2C+Y%3BRinaldi%2C+Antonio+Pio%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrologic controls on the permafrost carbon-climate feedback AN - 1676593673; 2015-038022 AB - Large-scale permafrost thaw is projected under unmitigated warming scenarios. Since permafrost soils contain enormous amounts of organic carbon, whose stability is contingent on remaining frozen, this permafrost thaw could lead to a significant release of carbon to the atmosphere, acting as a positive feedback to climate change. Significant uncertainty remains on the post-thaw carbon dynamics of permafrost-affected ecosystems. The large stocks of permafrost carbon have built up over time in part due to the saturated (and cold) soil conditions found across much of the permafrost domain. But, these conditions are likely to change as permafrost thaws. Here we focus on the hydrologic response. Prior research suggests that the hydrologic response may contain two phases, an initial wettening associated with ice melt and surface subsidence leading to more wetlands and lakes, followed by drying once the permafrost table has deepened enough to open up new channels to the groundwater system. Simulations to year 2300 with the Community Land Model (CLM4.5BGC) suggest that, even though Earth System Models project that Arctic climate will get wetter, soil moisture conditions will become drier both at the surface and at depth in response to projected deepening of the permafrost table. Here, we examine the relative influence of these soil moisture changes (compared to the influence of warming) on soil decomposition rates by conducting an additional model experiment in which we artificially maintain the wet 1850 soil moisture conditions through throughout the simulation. We can then assess (a) how the soil moisture drying trajectory affects the rate of soil warming (answer: not much) and (b) how a different plausible soil moisture trajectory can alter the rates of soil carbon decomposition into CO2 or CH4. We find that he drying at depth leads to faster soil carbon decomposition, while the absence of drying leads to slower decomposition rates, but higher CH4 emissions. Our results suggest that soil moisture and trends of soil moisture are an important part of the permafrost climate-carbon feedback picture and that improved understanding of impact of permafrost thaw on soil moisture dynamics is required to further constrain the amplitude of the permafrost climate-carbon feedback. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Lawrence, D M AU - Koven, C D AU - Swenson, S C AU - Riley, W J AU - Slater, A G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B43J EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676593673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Hydrologic+controls+on+the+permafrost+carbon-climate+feedback&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+D+M%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BSwenson%2C+S+C%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BSlater%2C+A+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating groundwater dynamics at a Colorado floodplain site using historical hydrological data and climate information AN - 1676592827; 2015-037890 AB - Developing a predictive understanding of how hydrological variations impact biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial environments is challenging due to the wide range of processes occurring across vast spatiotemporal scales and due to the uncertainty associated with future climate conditions. In this study, we develop a multi-scale time series model to estimate groundwater dynamics at a floodplain site using historical hydrological data and climate information. Our study is focused at Rifle, CO, where the US DOE Sustainable Systems 2.0 project is developing a genome-to-watershed reactive transport simulation capability and where snowmelt annually delivers a hydrological pulse to the floodplain system that significantly influences the water table and subsurface cycles of carbon and nitrogen. Although long-term predictions of biogeochemical cycling at the site require estimates of hydrological conditions, hydrological data include only a few years of groundwater elevation measurements, with river gage data available from a station located approximately 26 miles upstream. To project future hydrological conditions at the site, we developed a multi-scale statistical model to combine both datasets. We first analyzed 47 years of hydrological data from the gage station to identify multi-frequency temporal patterns in the river stage and its relationship to climate factors (e.g., precipitation or temperature). We then developed empirical models to downscale the estimated hydrological information to daily discharge and subsequently transform them to groundwater dynamics at the downstream floodplain site. Our model provides a probabilistic estimation that is conditioned to the multi-scale hydrological and climate information. With the developed approach, we retrospectively estimate groundwater dynamics at the site for the past five decades as well as the associated uncertainty. Based on Colorado River Basin climate projections, we also predict mean and extreme hydrological conditions at the floodplain site over the next five decades. The projections are being used as input to watershed reactive transport models to predict how hydrological perturbations influence biogeochemical cycles from the genome through watershed scales. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Chen, J AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Williams, K H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31B EP - 0022 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676592827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Estimating+groundwater+dynamics+at+a+Colorado+floodplain+site+using+historical+hydrological+data+and+climate+information&rft.au=Chen%2C+J%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil exometabolomics; an approach to investigate adsorption of metabolites on soils and minerals AN - 1676592155; 2015-037869 AB - A large fraction of soil organic matter (SOM) is composed of small molecules of microbial origin resulting from lysed cells and released metabolites. However, the cycling of these nutrients by microorganisms, a critical component of the global carbon cycle, remains poorly understood. Although there are many biotic and abiotic factors affecting the accessibility of SOM to microbes, adsorption to mineral surfaces is among the most important. Here, we are developing exometabolomics methods to further understand the types of microbial metabolites remaining in the water extractable fraction of SOM (WEOM). To estimate which compounds adsorb to a sandy loam soil (obtained from the Angelo Coast Range Reserve in Mendocino, CA), an extract was prepared from the soil bacterium Pseudomonas stutzerii RCH2 grown on 13C acetate. This approach produced highly labeled metabolites that were easily discriminated from the endogenous soil metabolites by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Comparison of the composition of the fresh bacteria extract with what was recovered following a 15 min incubation with soil revealed that only 26% of the metabolites showed >50% recovery in the WEOM. Most cations (polyamines) and anions showed <10% recovery. These represent metabolites that may be inaccessible to microbes in this environment and would be most likely to accumulate as SOM presumably due to binding with minerals and negatively-charged clay particles. Ongoing studies are focused on comparing the adsorption capacity of bacteria extract with several minerals (ferrihydrite, goethite, meghemite, lepidocrocite). Varying conditions such as metabolite-mineral contact time (ranging from hours to days) and temperature (4-37 degrees C) will provide insight into how microbial metabolites behave in a given mineral-rich environment under certain climatic conditions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Swenson, T AU - Nico, P S AU - Northen, T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B23K EP - 0157 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676592155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Soil+exometabolomics%3B+an+approach+to+investigate+adsorption+of+metabolites+on+soils+and+minerals&rft.au=Swenson%2C+T%3BNico%2C+P+S%3BNorthen%2C+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Swenson&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intercomparison of the Wetchimp-WSL wetland methane models over West Siberia; how well can we simulate high-latitude wetland methane emissions? AN - 1676592141; 2015-038035 AB - Wetlands are the world's largest natural source of methane, a powerful greenhouse gas. The strong sensitivity of these emissions to environmental factors such as soil temperature and moisture has led to concerns about potential positive feedbacks to climate change. This is particularly true at high latitudes, which have experienced pronounced warming and where thawing permafrost could potentially liberate large amounts of labile carbon over this century. Despite the importance of wetland methane emissions to the global carbon cycle and climate dynamics, global models exhibit little agreement as to the magnitude and spatial distribution of emissions, due to uncertainties in both wetland area and emissions per unit area driven by a scarcity of in situ observations. Recent intensive field campaigns across West Siberia make this an ideal region over which to assess the performance of large-scale process-based wetland models in a high-latitude environment. Here we present the results of a follow-up to the Wetland and Wetland CH4 Model Intercomparison Project focused on the West Siberian Lowland (WETCHIMP-WSL). We assessed 17 models and 5 inversions over this domain in terms of total CH4 emissions, simulated wetland areas, and CH4 fluxes per unit wetland area and compared these results to an intensive in situ CH4 flux dataset, several wetland maps, and two satellite inundation products. Findings include: a) estimates of total CH4 emissions from both models and inversions spanned almost an order of magnitude; b) forward models using inundation alone to estimate wetland areas suffered from severe biases in CH4 emissions; and c) aside from these area-driven biases, disagreement in flux per unit wetland area was the main driver of forward model uncertainty. We examine which forward model approaches are best suited towards simulating high-latitude wetlands and make recommendations for future modeling, remote sensing, and field campaigns to reduce model uncertainty. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Bohn, Theodore J AU - Melton, Joe R AU - Brovkin, Victor AU - Chen, G AU - Denisov, S N AU - Eliseev (Eliseyev), A V AU - Gallego-Sala, A V AU - Glagolev, M AU - Ito, A AU - Kaplan, Jed O AU - Kleinen, Thomas AU - Maksyutov, Shamil S AU - McDonald, K C AU - Rawlins, M A AU - Riley, W J AU - Schroeder, R AU - Spahni, R AU - Stocker, B AU - Subin, Z M AU - Tian, Han AU - Zhang, B AU - Zhu, Xudong AU - Zhuang, Q AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B44A EP - 08 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676592141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Intercomparison+of+the+Wetchimp-WSL+wetland+methane+models+over+West+Siberia%3B+how+well+can+we+simulate+high-latitude+wetland+methane+emissions%3F&rft.au=Bohn%2C+Theodore+J%3BMelton%2C+Joe+R%3BBrovkin%2C+Victor%3BChen%2C+G%3BDenisov%2C+S+N%3BEliseev+%28Eliseyev%29%2C+A+V%3BGallego-Sala%2C+A+V%3BGlagolev%2C+M%3BIto%2C+A%3BKaplan%2C+Jed+O%3BKleinen%2C+Thomas%3BMaksyutov%2C+Shamil+S%3BMcDonald%2C+K+C%3BRawlins%2C+M+A%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BSchroeder%2C+R%3BSpahni%2C+R%3BStocker%2C+B%3BSubin%2C+Z+M%3BTian%2C+Han%3BZhang%2C+B%3BZhu%2C+Xudong%3BZhuang%2C+Q%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bohn&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback AN - 1676592133; 2015-037960 AB - Approximately twice as much soil carbon is stored in the northern circumpolar permafrost zone than is currently contained in the atmosphere. Permafrost thaw, and the microbial decomposition of previously frozen organic carbon, is considered one of the most likely positive feedbacks from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere in a warmer world. Yet, the rate and form of release is highly uncertain but crucial for predicting the strength and timing of this carbon cycle feedback this century and beyond. New insight brought together under a multi-year synthesis effort by the Permafrost Carbon Network helps constrain current understanding of the permafrost carbon feedback to climate, and provides a framework for newly developing research initiatives in this region. A newly enlarged soil carbon database continues to verify the widespread pattern of large quantities of carbon accumulated deep in permafrost soils. The known pool of permafrost carbon is now estimated to be 1330-1580 Pg C, with the potential for approximately 400 Pg C in deep permafrost sediments that remain largely unquantified. Laboratory incubations of these permafrost soils reveal that a significant fraction of this material can be mineralized by microbes and converted to CO2 and CH4 on time scales of years to decades, with decade-long average losses from aerobic incubations ranging from 6-34% of initial carbon. Variation in loss rates is depended on the carbon to nitrogen ratio, with higher values leading to more proportional loss. Model scenarios show potential C release from the permafrost zone ranging from 37-174 Pg C by 2100 under the current climate warming trajectory (RCP 8.5), with an average across models of 92+ or -17 Pg C. Furthermore, thawing permafrost C is forecasted to impact global climate for centuries, with models, on average, estimating 59% of total C emissions after 2100. Taken together, greenhouse gas emissions from warming permafrost appear likely to occur at a magnitude similar to other historically important biospheric C sources, such as land use change, but that is only a fraction of current fossil fuel emissions. Permafrost C emissions are likely to be felt over decades to centuries as northern regions warm, making climate change happen even faster than we think based on projected emissions from human activities alone. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Schuur, E A G AU - McGuire, A D AU - Grosse, Guido AU - Harden, J W AU - Hayes, D J AU - Hugelius, Gustaf AU - Koven, C D AU - Kuhry, Peter AU - Lawrence, D M AU - Natali, S AU - Olefeldt, D AU - Romanovsky, V E AU - Schaedel, C AU - Schaefer, Kevin M AU - Turetsky, M R AU - Treat, Claire C AU - Vonk, Jorien AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B41O EP - 01 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676592133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Climate+change+and+the+permafrost+carbon+feedback&rft.au=Schuur%2C+E+A+G%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BGrosse%2C+Guido%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BHayes%2C+D+J%3BHugelius%2C+Gustaf%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BKuhry%2C+Peter%3BLawrence%2C+D+M%3BNatali%2C+S%3BOlefeldt%2C+D%3BRomanovsky%2C+V+E%3BSchaedel%2C+C%3BSchaefer%2C+Kevin+M%3BTuretsky%2C+M+R%3BTreat%2C+Claire+C%3BVonk%2C+Jorien%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schuur&rft.aufirst=E+A&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome-to-watershed predictive understanding of terrestrial environments AN - 1676591095; 2015-037889 AB - Although terrestrial environments play a critical role in cycling water, greenhouse gasses, and other life-critical elements, the complexity of interactions among component microbes, plants, minerals, migrating fluids and dissolved constituents hinders predictive understanding of system behavior. The 'Sustainable Systems 2.0' project is developing genome-to-watershed scale predictive capabilities to quantify how the microbiome affects biogeochemical watershed functioning, how watershed-scale hydro-biogeochemical processes affect microbial functioning, and how these interactions co-evolve with climate and land-use changes. Development of such predictive capabilities is critical for guiding the optimal management of water resources, contaminant remediation, carbon stabilization, and agricultural sustainability--now and with global change. Initial investigations are focused on floodplains in the Colorado River Basin, and include iterative model development, experiments and observations with an early emphasis on subsurface aspects. Field experiments include local-scale experiments at Rifle CO to quantify spatiotemporal metabolic and geochemical responses to O2 and nitrate amendments as well as floodplain-scale monitoring to quantify genomic and biogeochemical response to natural hydrological perturbations. Information obtained from such experiments are represented within GEWaSC, a Genome-Enabled Watershed Simulation Capability, which is being developed to allow mechanistic interrogation of how genomic information stored in a subsurface microbiome affects biogeochemical cycling. This presentation will describe the genome-to-watershed scale approach as well as early highlights associated with the project. Highlights include: first insights into the diversity of the subsurface microbiome and metabolic roles of organisms involved in subsurface nitrogen, sulfur and hydrogen and carbon cycling; the extreme variability of subsurface DOC and hydrological controls on carbon and nitrogen cycling; geophysical identification of floodplain hotspots that are useful for model parameterization; and GEWaSC demonstration of how incorporation of identified microbial metabolic processes improves prediction of the larger system biogeochemical behavior. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Agarwal, D AU - Banfield, J F AU - Beller, H R AU - Brodie, E AU - Long, P AU - Nico, P S AU - Steefel, C I AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Williams, K H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31B EP - 0020 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676591095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Genome-to-watershed+predictive+understanding+of+terrestrial+environments&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+S+S%3BAgarwal%2C+D%3BBanfield%2C+J+F%3BBeller%2C+H+R%3BBrodie%2C+E%3BLong%2C+P%3BNico%2C+P+S%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved estimates show large circumpolar stocks of permafrost carbon while quantifying substantial uncertainty ranges and identifying remaining data gaps AN - 1676588943; 2015-037928 AB - Soils and other unconsolidated deposits in the northern circumpolar permafrost region store large amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC). This SOC is potentially vulnerable to remobilization following soil warming and permafrost thaw, but stock estimates are poorly constrained and quantitative error estimates were lacking. This study presents revised estimates of the permafrost SOC pool, including quantitative uncertainty estimates, in the 0-3 m depth range in soils as well as for deeper sediments (>3 m) in deltaic deposits of major rivers and in the Yedoma region of Siberia and Alaska. The revised estimates are based on significantly larger databases compared to previous studies. Compared to previous studies, the number of individual sites/pedons has increased by a factor 811 for 13 m soils, a factor 8 for deltaic alluvium and a factor 5 for Yedoma region deposits. A total estimated mean storage for the permafrost region of ca. 1300-1400 Pg with an uncertainty range of 1050-1650 Pg encompasses the revised estimates. Of this, 3 m depth deposits in deltas and the Yedoma region. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Hugelius, Gustaf AU - Strauss, Jens AU - Zubrzycki, S AU - Harden, J W AU - Schuur, E A G AU - Ping, C L AU - Schirrmeister, Lutz AU - Grosse, Guido AU - Michaelson, G J AU - Koven, C D AU - O'Donnell, Jonathan A AU - Elberling, B AU - Mishra, U AU - Camill, P AU - Yu, Z AU - Palmtag, Juri AU - Kuhry, Peter AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31G EP - 0109 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676588943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Improved+estimates+show+large+circumpolar+stocks+of+permafrost+carbon+while+quantifying+substantial+uncertainty+ranges+and+identifying+remaining+data+gaps&rft.au=Hugelius%2C+Gustaf%3BStrauss%2C+Jens%3BZubrzycki%2C+S%3BHarden%2C+J+W%3BSchuur%2C+E+A+G%3BPing%2C+C+L%3BSchirrmeister%2C+Lutz%3BGrosse%2C+Guido%3BMichaelson%2C+G+J%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BO%27Donnell%2C+Jonathan+A%3BElberling%2C+B%3BMishra%2C+U%3BCamill%2C+P%3BYu%2C+Z%3BPalmtag%2C+Juri%3BKuhry%2C+Peter%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hugelius&rft.aufirst=Gustaf&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbially mediated kinetic sulfur isotope fractionation; reactive transport modeling benchmark AN - 1676588154; 2015-037884 AB - Microbially mediated sulfate reduction is a ubiquitous process in many subsurface systems. Isotopic fractionation is characteristic of this anaerobic process, since sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) favor the reduction of the lighter sulfate isotopologue (S32O42-) over the heavier isotopologue (S34O42-). Detection of isotopic shifts have been utilized as a proxy for the onset of sulfate reduction in subsurface systems such as oil reservoirs and aquifers undergoing uranium bioremediation. Reactive transport modeling (RTM) of kinetic sulfur isotope fractionation has been applied to field and laboratory studies. These RTM approaches employ different mathematical formulations in the representation of kinetic sulfur isotope fractionation. In order to test the various formulations, we propose a benchmark problem set for the simulation of kinetic sulfur isotope fractionation during microbially mediated sulfate reduction. The benchmark problem set is comprised of four problem levels and is based on a recent laboratory column experimental study of sulfur isotope fractionation. Pertinent processes impacting sulfur isotopic composition such as microbial sulfate reduction and dispersion are included in the problem set. To date, participating RTM codes are: CRUNCHTOPE, TOUGHREACT, MIN3P and THE GEOCHEMIST'S WORKBENCH. Preliminary results from various codes show reasonable agreement for the problem levels simulating sulfur isotope fractionation in 1D. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wanner, C AU - Druhan, J L AU - Cheng, Yiwei AU - Amos, R T AU - Steefel, C I AU - Ajo Franklin, J B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31B EP - 0014 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676588154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Microbially+mediated+kinetic+sulfur+isotope+fractionation%3B+reactive+transport+modeling+benchmark&rft.au=Wanner%2C+C%3BDruhan%2C+J+L%3BCheng%2C+Yiwei%3BAmos%2C+R+T%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAjo+Franklin%2C+J+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wanner&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupling isotopic fractionation to multiple-continuum reactive transport models of biogeochemical systems AN - 1676588127; 2015-037970 AB - Stable isotopic systems often show an unexpected range in observed fractionation factors associated with biogeochemical systems. In particular, the ranges in such isotopic systems as Cr, Ca, Li, and C have often been attributed to kinetic effects as well as different biogeochemical mechanisms. Reactive transport models developed to capture the sub-micron-scale transport and reaction processes within the macroscale system (e.g., biofilm to cm-scale) have been successful in simulating the biogeochemical processes associated with bacterial growth and the resultant changes in pore-fluid chemistry and redox conditions. Once such multicontinuum reactive transport models are extended to include equilibrium and kinetic isotopic fractionation, diffusive transport, and fluid-gas equilibria, it becomes possible to quantitatively interpret the isotopic changes observed in experimental and natural or engineered biogeochemical systems. We combine a solid-solution approach for isotopic substitution in minerals with the multiple-continuum reactive-transport approach to interpret the effective fractionation factor observed in experimental systems. Although such systems often have poorly constrained inputs (such as the equilibrium fractionation factor and many of the parameters associated with bacterial growth), by combining several independent contraints on reaction rates (such as lactate consumption, 13C/12C and 87Sr/86Sr in calcite), the range of possible interpretations can often be greatly narrowed. Here we present examples of the modeling approaches and their application to experimental systems to examine why the observed fractionation factors are often different from the theoretical values. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Sonnenthal, E L AU - Wanner, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B42B EP - 04 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676588127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Coupling+isotopic+fractionation+to+multiple-continuum+reactive+transport+models+of+biogeochemical+systems&rft.au=Sonnenthal%2C+E+L%3BWanner%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Sonnenthal&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using concentrations and isotopic compositions of CO (sub 2) to distinguish microbial production of CO (sub 2) in unsaturated zone sediments in hydrogeochemical models AN - 1676587784; 2015-037885 AB - Quantifying levels of microbial activity in unsaturated subsurface environments is an important factor for understanding exchange of greenhouse gases (e.g., CO2, CH4, N2O) with the atmosphere. For CO2, this is problematic due the variety of processes affecting its sources, fate and transport in the vadose zone (e.g., root respiration, carbonate dissolution and precipitation, exchange with pore water/groundwater and microbial production and consumption). To determine the impacts of all these processes and dependence on variables including temperature, moisture content and pH requires coupled numerical models supported by robust, long-term data sets. We are attempting to do this for a small ( approximately 90,000 m2) floodplain adjacent to the Colorado River in the town of Rifle, Colorado. The geology of the site consists of 6-8 m of Quaternary alluvium composed of quartz and feldspar sands with silts, clays, pebbles, and cobbles overlying the less permeable Tertiary Wasatch Formation. The unsaturated zone is 3-4 m thick overlying a perched aquifer above the alluvium-Wasatch contact. Depth-distributed gas samplers and suction lysimeters for pore water sampling were installed at three locations across the site in March of 2013. From April 2013 to present, soil gas samples have been collected on a bi-weekly to monthly interval and analyzed for gas concentrations and isotopic compositions. Through the first year, several significant spatial and temporal trends have emerged from the data including higher soil gas CO2 (up to 6% near the water table) with higher delta 13C values during the warmer summer months, possibly signifying higher levels of microbial activity. In the shallower soils, CO2 concentrations are lower (atmospheric to 2%) with more variable delta 13C values (ranging from -18 ppm in the summer to -24 ppm in the winter) likely due to slower exchange with the atmosphere during the winter when surface soils are more saturated due to snow cover and melting. Extensive data has also been collected on the concentrations and isotopic compositions of pore water organic carbon and groundwater DIC across the site in order to understand the effects of these components on carbon transport in the unsaturated zone. These data are being incorporated into a numerical model of the site that includes transport, chemical and biological reactions. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Conrad, M E AU - Arora, B AU - Williams, K H AU - Bill, M AU - Spycher, N AU - Steefel, C I AU - Tokunaga, T K AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31B EP - 0016 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+concentrations+and+isotopic+compositions+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+to+distinguish+microbial+production+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+in+unsaturated+zone+sediments+in+hydrogeochemical+models&rft.au=Conrad%2C+M+E%3BArora%2C+B%3BWilliams%2C+K+H%3BBill%2C+M%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BTokunaga%2C+T+K%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Conrad&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constraining soil C loss upon thaw; comparing soils with and without permafrost AN - 1676587732; 2015-037971 AB - Permafrost thaw, with its state change and increased temperature, clearly results in increased decomposition, but constraining directions and amounts of net C exchange is confounded by feedbacks among dynamic vegetation and soil layers, nutrients, and microbial communities. One way to constrain potential loss is to compare soils with and without permafrost. We compared three sets of soil profiles developed in late Pleistocene loess from various slope positions in western Iowa (no permafrost for >10 ka), south-central Alaska (no permafrost for >3550 y), and interior Alaska (current permafrost). In Iowa C where deep C was protected by loess burial, % soil C declined most precipitously with depth (down to <0.6%C at 1 m). Alaska soils with and without permafrost were similar in %C at 1 m depths (up to 2%C). However soils with permafrost had 2X to 4X more C than non-permafrost soils at 1.5 m and maintained high and highly variable (0.8 to 11%C) C contents below 150 cm. Data provide an additional line of evidence that carbon in deep permafrost is highly susceptible to loss upon thawing. Meanwhile modeling and forecasting C fate requires more insight into C protection and stabilization by burial. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Harden, J W AU - Ping, C L AU - O'Donnell, Jonathan A AU - Koven, C D AU - Michaelson, G J AU - Genet, H AU - Xu, X AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31G EP - 0112 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Constraining+soil+C+loss+upon+thaw%3B+comparing+soils+with+and+without+permafrost&rft.au=Harden%2C+J+W%3BPing%2C+C+L%3BO%27Donnell%2C+Jonathan+A%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BMichaelson%2C+G+J%3BGenet%2C+H%3BXu%2C+X%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Harden&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Terrestrial ecosystem model performance for net primary productivity and its vulnerability to climate change in permafrost regions AN - 1676587643; 2015-038024 AB - A more accurate prediction of future climate-carbon (C) cycle feedbacks requires better understanding and improved representation of the carbon cycle in permafrost regions within current earth system models. Here, we evaluated 10 terrestrial ecosystem models for their estimated net primary productivity (NPP) and its vulnerability to climate change in permafrost regions in the Northern Hemisphere. Those models were run retrospectively between 1960 and 2009. In comparison with MODIS satellite estimates, most models produce higher NPP (310+ or -12 g C m-2 yr-1) than MODIS (240+ or -20 g C m-2 yr-1) over the permafrost regions during 2000-2009. The modeled NPP was then decomposed into gross primary productivity (GPP) and the NPP/GPP ratio (i.e., C use efficiency; CUE). By comparing the simulated GPP with a flux-tower-based database [Jung et al. Journal of Geophysical Research 116 (2011) G00J07] (JU11), we found although models only produce 10.6% higher mean GPP than JU11 over 1982-2009, there was a two-fold disparity among models (397 to 830 g C m-2 yr-1). The model-to-model variation in GPP mainly resulted from the seasonal peak GPP and in low-latitudinal permafrost regions such as the Tibetan Plateau. Most models overestimate the CUE in permafrost regions in comparison to calculated CUE from the MODIS NPP and JU11 GPP products and observation-based estimates at 8 forest sites. The models vary in their sensitivities of NPP, GPP and CUE to historical changes in air temperature, atmospheric CO2 concentration and precipitation. For example, climate warming enhanced NPP in four models via increasing GPP but reduced NPP in two other models by decreasing both GPP and CUE. The results indicate that the model predictability of C cycle in permafrost regions can be improved by better representation of those processes controlling the seasonal maximum GPP and the CUE as well as their sensitivity to climate change. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Xia, J AU - McGuire, A D AU - Lawrence, D M AU - Burke, Eleanor AU - Chen, Xiao AU - Delire, C L AU - Koven, C D AU - MacDougall, A H AU - Peng, Shushi AU - Rinke, Annette AU - Saito, K AU - Zhang, Wenxin AU - Alkama, Ramdane AU - Bohn, Theodore J AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Decharme, Bertrand AU - Gouttevin, Isabelle AU - Hajima, T AU - Ji, Duoying AU - Krinner, G AU - Lettenmaier, D P AU - Miller, Paul A AU - Moore, John C AU - Smith, Ben AU - Sueyoshi, Tetsuo AU - Shi, Zheng AU - Yan, Liming AU - Liang, J AU - Jiang, L AU - Luo, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B43J EP - 03 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Terrestrial+ecosystem+model+performance+for+net+primary+productivity+and+its+vulnerability+to+climate+change+in+permafrost+regions&rft.au=Xia%2C+J%3BMcGuire%2C+A+D%3BLawrence%2C+D+M%3BBurke%2C+Eleanor%3BChen%2C+Xiao%3BDelire%2C+C+L%3BKoven%2C+C+D%3BMacDougall%2C+A+H%3BPeng%2C+Shushi%3BRinke%2C+Annette%3BSaito%2C+K%3BZhang%2C+Wenxin%3BAlkama%2C+Ramdane%3BBohn%2C+Theodore+J%3BCiais%2C+Philippe%3BDecharme%2C+Bertrand%3BGouttevin%2C+Isabelle%3BHajima%2C+T%3BJi%2C+Duoying%3BKrinner%2C+G%3BLettenmaier%2C+D+P%3BMiller%2C+Paul+A%3BMoore%2C+John+C%3BSmith%2C+Ben%3BSueyoshi%2C+Tetsuo%3BShi%2C+Zheng%3BYan%2C+Liming%3BLiang%2C+J%3BJiang%2C+L%3BLuo%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlled freeze-thaw experiments to study biogeochemical process and its effects on greenhouse gas release in Arctic soil columns AN - 1676587592; 2015-037966 AB - Greenhouse gas release associated with permafrost thawing is one of the largest uncertainties in future climate prediction. Improvement of such prediction relies on a better representation of the interactions between hydrological, geochemical and microbial processes in the Arctic ecosystem that occur over a wide range of space and time scales and under dynamic freeze-thaw conditions. As part of the Next Generation Ecosystem Experiments in the Arctic (NGEE-Arctic), we conducted controlled laboratory freeze-thaw experiments to study greenhouse gas release in vertical permafrost soil columns with vertically heterogeneous hydrological, geochemical and microbial properties. The studies were performed using soil cores collected from the NGEE Barrow, AK site. Two cores collected next to each other with very similar soil structures were used for the experiment. One of the cores was destructively sampled for baseline characterization, and the second core was used for the freeze-thaw experiments. The core extends from the ground surface into the permafrost with roughly 40 cm of active layer. The column was instrumented with various sensors and sampling devices, including thermocouples, geophysical (electrical) sensors, and sampling ports for solids and fluids. The headspace of the soil column was purged with CO2 free air and the gas samples were collected periodically for greenhouse gas analysis. Our initial tests simulated seasonal temperature variation from approximately -10 degrees C to +10 degrees C at the ground surface. Our results demonstrated that temperature and geophysical data provided real time information on the freeze thaw dynamics of the column and the surface greenhouse gas fluxes correlated with the freeze thaw stages and associated hydrological and biogeochemical processes in the vertical soil column. For example, surface fluxes data revealed an early burst of GHG concentrations during the initial thawing of the surface ice rich layer of the soil, indicating the presence of trapped gases from previous season activities. In addition, the dynamics of the surface flux are closely related to the changes of the geochemical and microbial conditions during the freeze thaw processes. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Wu, Y AU - Kneafsey, T J AU - Tas, N AU - Bill, M AU - Ulrich, C AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B41O EP - 07 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Controlled+freeze-thaw+experiments+to+study+biogeochemical+process+and+its+effects+on+greenhouse+gas+release+in+Arctic+soil+columns&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y%3BKneafsey%2C+T+J%3BTas%2C+N%3BBill%2C+M%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathways and transformations of dissolved methane and dissolved inorganic carbon in Arctic tundra soils; evidence from analysis of stable isotopes AN - 1676587511; 2015-037984 AB - Arctic soils contain a large pool of terrestrial C and are of great interest because of their potential for releasing significant amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. Few attempts have been made, however, to derive quantitative budgets of CO2 and CH4 budgets for high-latitude ecosystems. Therefore, this study used naturally occurring geochemical and isotopic tracers to estimate production pathways and transformations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC=Sigma (total) dissolved CO2) and dissolved CH4 in soil pore waters from 17 locations (drainages) in Barrow, Alaska (USA) in July and September, 2013; and to approximate a complete balance of belowground C cycling at our sampling locations. Results suggest that CH4 was primarily derived from biogenic acetate fermentation, with a shift at 4 locations from July to September towards CO2 reduction as the dominant methanogenic pathway. A large majority of CH4 produced at the frost table methane was transferred directly to the atmosphere via plant roots and ebullition (94.0+ or -1.4% and 96.6+ or -5.0% in July and September). A considerable fraction of the remaining CH4 was oxidized to CO2 during upward diffusion in July and September, respectively. Methane oxidization produced <1% of CO2 relative to alternative production mechanisms in deep subsurface pore waters. The majority of subsurface CO2 was produced from anaerobic respiration, likely due to reduction of Fe oxides and humics (52+ or -6 to 100+ or -13%, on average) while CO2 produced from methanogenesis accounted for the remainder (0+ or -13% to 47+ or -6%, on average) for July and September, respectively. Dissolved CH4 and dissolved CO2 concentrations correlated with thaw depth, suggesting that Arctic ecosystems will likely produce and release a greater amount of greenhouse gasses under projected warming and deepening of active layer thaw depth under future climate change scenarios. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Throckmorton, H AU - Perkins, G AU - Muss, J D AU - Smith, Lydia J AU - Conrad, M E AU - Torn, M S AU - Heikoop, J M AU - Newman, B D AU - Wilson, C J AU - Wullschleger, S D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B43B EP - 0234 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Pathways+and+transformations+of+dissolved+methane+and+dissolved+inorganic+carbon+in+Arctic+tundra+soils%3B+evidence+from+analysis+of+stable+isotopes&rft.au=Throckmorton%2C+H%3BPerkins%2C+G%3BMuss%2C+J+D%3BSmith%2C+Lydia+J%3BConrad%2C+M+E%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BHeikoop%2C+J+M%3BNewman%2C+B+D%3BWilson%2C+C+J%3BWullschleger%2C+S+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Throckmorton&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feedbacks between bioclogging and infiltration in losing river systems AN - 1676587481; 2015-037904 AB - Reduction in riverbed permeability due to biomass growth is a well-recognized yet poorly understood process associated with losing connected and disconnected rivers. Although several studies have focused on riverbed bioclogging processes at the pore-scale, few studies have quantified bioclogging feedback cycles at the scale relevant for water resources management, or at the meander-scale. At this scale, often competing hydrological-biological processes influence biomass dynamics and infiltration. Disconnection begins when declines in the water table form an unsaturated zone beneath the river maximizing seepage. Simultaneously, bioclogging reduces the point-scale infiltration flux and can either limit the nutrient flux and reduce bioclogging, or preferentially focus infiltration elsewhere and enhance bioclogging. These feedbacks are highly dependent on geomorphology and seasonal patterns of discharge and water temperature. To assess the mutual influences of disconnection, biomass growth, and temperature changes on infiltration in a geomorphologically complex river system, we built a 3D numerical model, conditioned on field data, using the reactive-transport simulator MIN3P. Results show that in disconnected regions of the river, biomass growth reduced vertical seepage downward and extended the unsaturated zone length; however these changes were contingent upon disconnection. Mid-way through the seasonal cycle, biomass declined in these same regions due to limited nutrient flux. Seepage and biomass continued to oscillate with a lag correlation of 1 month. Connected regions, however, showed the largest infiltration rates, nutrient fluxes, and concentrations of biomass. Despite the reduction in conductivity from biomass, flow remains high in connected regions because the feedback between bioclogging and infiltration is not as pronounced due to the sharpening hydraulic gradient. Bioclogging ultimately shapes the pattern of flow, however geomorphology dominates the strength of connection. Recognition of the feedbacks between geomorphological patterns and heterogeneous biomass on meander scale hydrological processes can lead to better estimates of local water volumes and capacities, especially when these systems are used as municipal and public water supply sources. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Newcomer, Michelle E AU - Hubbard, S S AU - Fleckenstein, Jan H AU - Schmidt, Christian AU - Maier, Ulrich AU - Thullner, Martin AU - Ulrich, C AU - Rubin, Y AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31E EP - 0055 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Feedbacks+between+bioclogging+and+infiltration+in+losing+river+systems&rft.au=Newcomer%2C+Michelle+E%3BHubbard%2C+S+S%3BFleckenstein%2C+Jan+H%3BSchmidt%2C+Christian%3BMaier%2C+Ulrich%3BThullner%2C+Martin%3BUlrich%2C+C%3BRubin%2C+Y%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Newcomer&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the biogeochemical response of a flood plain aquifer impacted by seasonal temperature and water table variations AN - 1676587395; 2015-037888 AB - With the overarching goal of understanding the impacts of climate and land use changes on carbon and nutrient cycles, we are developing a reactive transport model that couples hydrologic and biogeochemical processes to microbial functional distributions inferred from site-specific 'omic' data. The objective of the modeling approach is to simulate changes in carbon and nutrient fluxes and aquifer biogeochemistry over longer time periods due to changes in climate and/or land use, while also considering shorter time periods in which water table fluctuations and temperature variations are important. A 2-D reactive transport model has been developed for the unsaturated-saturated zone of the Rifle site, CO, an alluvial aquifer bordering the Colorado River. Modeling efforts focus on the April through September 2013 time frame that corresponds to the spring snow melt event that lead to an approximately 1 meter rise in the water table followed by a gradual lowering over 3 months. Temperature variations of as much as 10 degrees C are observed at shallow depths (<1 m), while at least some temperature variation (1 degrees C) occurs as deep as about 7 m. A field survey of the microbial populations indicates the presence and activity of chemo(litho)autotrophic bacteria within the saturated zone of the alluvial aquifer. Model simulations are used to quantify the release of carbon dioxide and consumption of oxygen via abiotic pathways and heterotrophic microbial oxidation of reduced species (Fe(II), S(-2)) and minerals (pyrite). Results indicate that the observed oxygen profiles and/or carbon fluxes cannot be matched by considering abiotic reactions alone. The importance of including microbial contributions from chemo(litho)autotrophic processes (e.g., ammonia, sulfur and iron oxidation) is supported by both field observations and model simulations. Important conclusions from the study are to: (1) include microbially-mediated processes and contributions from the unsaturated zone, and (2) account for seasonal temperature changes to accurately represent lateral and vertical delivery of water and nutrients as well as biogeochemical transformations within the Rifle Flood Plain system. JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting AU - Arora, B AU - Spycher, N AU - Molins, S AU - Steefel, C I AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - Abstract B31B EP - 0019 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 2014 KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676587395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+biogeochemical+response+of+a+flood+plain+aquifer+impacted+by+seasonal+temperature+and+water+table+variations&rft.au=Arora%2C+B%3BSpycher%2C+N%3BMolins%2C+S%3BSteefel%2C+C+I%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Geophysical+Union+Fall+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 2014 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - CODEN - #07548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method to estimate the size and remaining market potential of the U.S. ESCO (energy service company) industry AN - 1669870095; PQ0001117016 AB - This study presents a method to estimate the market investment potential for ESPC (energy-saving performance contracts) and annual blended energy savings remaining in buildings typically addressed by U.S. ESCOs (energy service companies). We define ESCOs as companies for whom performance-based contracting is a core business activity. The market potential analysis incorporates market penetration estimates provided by industry experts in late 2012, data on U.S. building stock typically addressed by ESCOs, and typical project investment costs from a database of 4000 + projects. ESCO industry revenue growth significantly outpaced U.S. GDP (gross domestic product) growth during 2009-2011. We estimate that the remaining investment potential in facilities typically addressed by the ESCO industry ranges from -$71 to $133 billion. Our analysis includes ESCO industry size and growth projections drawing on information from interviews with ESCO executives conducted in late 2012. The U.S. ESCO industry could grow in size from $6 billion in 2013 to ~$7.5 billion by 2014, but this growth is contingent on enabling policies. The U.S. ESCO industry is similar in size to the ESCO industries in Germany, France, and China. Our estimation approach could be adapted for other countries with the caveat that ESCO industry definitions and revenue reporting practices vary across countries. JF - Energy AU - Stuart, Elizabeth AU - Larsen, Peter H AU - Goldman, Charles A AU - Gilligan, Donald AD - Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Y1 - 2014/12/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 01 SP - 362 EP - 371 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 77 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); ANTE: Abstracts in New Technologies and Engineering (AN) KW - ESCO (energy service companies) KW - Performance contracting KW - Energy efficiency KW - Market potential KW - Estimates KW - Databases KW - Policies KW - Financing KW - Revenues KW - Energy conservation KW - Markets KW - Investment KW - Yes:(AN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1669870095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy&rft.atitle=A+method+to+estimate+the+size+and+remaining+market+potential+of+the+U.S.+ESCO+%28energy+service+company%29+industry&rft.au=Stuart%2C+Elizabeth%3BLarsen%2C+Peter+H%3BGoldman%2C+Charles+A%3BGilligan%2C+Donald&rft.aulast=Stuart&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.energy.2014.09.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-02 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.09.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biofilm-specific extracellular matrix proteins of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae AN - 1654668984; PQ0001030406 AB - Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), a human respiratory tract pathogen, can form colony biofilms in vitro. Bacterial cells and the amorphous extracellular matrix (ECM) constituting the biofilm can be separated using sonication. The ECM from 24- and 96-h NTHi biofilms contained polysaccharides and proteinaceous components as detected by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy. More conventional chemical assays on the biofilm ECM confirmed the presence of these components and also DNA. Proteomics revealed eighteen proteins present in biofilm ECM that were not detected in planktonic bacteria. One ECM protein was unique to 24-h biofilms, two were found only in 96-h biofilms, and fifteen were present in the ECM of both 24- and 96-h NTHi biofilms. All proteins identified were either associated with bacterial membranes or cytoplasmic proteins. Immunocytochemistry showed two of the identified proteins, a DNA-directed RNA polymerase and the outer membrane protein OMP P2, associated with bacteria and biofilm ECM. Identification of biofilm-specific proteins present in immature biofilms is an important step in understanding the in vitro process of NTHi biofilm formation. The presence of a cytoplasmic protein and a membrane protein in the biofilm ECM of immature NTHi biofilms suggests that bacterial cell lysis may be a feature of early biofilm formation. Cytoplasmic and membrane proteins are present in extracellular sites of biofilms formed by the human respiratory tract pathogen non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). JF - Pathogens and Disease AU - Wu, Siva AU - Baum, Marc M AU - Kerwin, James AU - Guerrero, Debbie AU - Webster, Simon AU - Schaudinn, Christoph AU - VanderVelde, David AU - Webster, Paul AD - Bioenergy/GTL & Structural Biology Department, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - Dec 2014 SP - 143 EP - 160 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 England VL - 72 IS - 3 SN - 2049-632X, 2049-632X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - Immunocytochemistry KW - outer membrane proteins KW - Membrane proteins KW - Spectroscopy KW - Polysaccharides KW - Colonies KW - DNA-directed RNA polymerase KW - I.R. spectroscopy KW - N.M.R. KW - NMR KW - Biofilms KW - Respiratory tract KW - Haemophilus influenzae KW - Membranes KW - Pathogens KW - Sonication KW - Fourier transforms KW - Extracellular matrix KW - DNA KW - Proteins KW - proteomics KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - V 22320:Replication KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1654668984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pathogens+and+Disease&rft.atitle=Biofilm-specific+extracellular+matrix+proteins+of+nontypeable+Haemophilus+influenzae&rft.au=Wu%2C+Siva%3BBaum%2C+Marc+M%3BKerwin%2C+James%3BGuerrero%2C+Debbie%3BWebster%2C+Simon%3BSchaudinn%2C+Christoph%3BVanderVelde%2C+David%3BWebster%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Siva&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pathogens+and+Disease&rft.issn=2049632X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F2049-632X.12195 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immunocytochemistry; outer membrane proteins; Pathogens; Membrane proteins; Polysaccharides; Sonication; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Colonies; I.R. spectroscopy; Extracellular matrix; DNA; N.M.R.; Biofilms; proteomics; Respiratory tract; Fourier transforms; Membranes; Proteins; NMR; Spectroscopy; Haemophilus influenzae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2049-632X.12195 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stochastic inversion of seismic PP and PS data for reservoir parameter estimation AN - 1645574922; 2015-006917 AB - We have investigated the value of isotropic seismic converted-wave (i.e., PS) data for reservoir parameter estimation using stochastic approaches based on a floating-grain rock-physics model. We first performed statistical analysis on a simple two-layer model built on actual borehole logs and compared the relative value of PS data versus amplitude-variation-with-offset (AVO) gradient data for estimating the floating-grain fraction. We found that PS data were significantly more informative than AVO gradient data in terms of likelihood functions, and the combination of PS and AVO gradient data together with PP data provided the maximal value for the reservoir parameter estimation. To evaluate the value of PS data under complex situations, we developed a hierarchical Bayesian model to combine seismic PP and PS data and their associated time registration. We extended a model-based Bayesian method developed previously for inverting seismic PP data only, by including PS responses and time registration as additional data and PS traveltime and reflectivity as additional variables. We applied the method to a synthetic six-layer model that closely mimics real field scenarios. We found that PS data provided more information than AVO gradient data for estimating the floating-grain fraction, porosity, net-to-gross, and layer thicknesses when their corresponding priors were weak. JF - Geophysics AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Glinsky, Michael E Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - R233 EP - R246 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 79 IS - 6 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - body waves KW - AVO methods KW - Bayesian analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - reflection methods KW - inverse problem KW - elastic waves KW - porosity KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - PP-waves KW - PS-waves KW - stochastic processes KW - formation evaluation KW - traveltime KW - seismic waves KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645574922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Stochastic+inversion+of+seismic+PP+and+PS+data+for+reservoir+parameter+estimation&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jinsong%3BGlinsky%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Jinsong&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=R233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2013-0456.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AVO methods; Bayesian analysis; body waves; data processing; elastic waves; formation evaluation; geophysical methods; inverse problem; porosity; PP-waves; PS-waves; reflection methods; reservoir rocks; S-waves; seismic methods; seismic waves; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; traveltime DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0456.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Full-wavefield inversion of surface waves for mapping embedded low-velocity zones in permafrost AN - 1645573509; 2015-006895 AB - Surface waves are advantageous for mapping seismic structures of permafrost, in which irregular velocity gradients are common and thus the effectiveness of refraction methods are limited. Nevertheless, the complex velocity structures that are common in permafrost environments often yield unusual dispersion spectra, in which higher-order and leaky modes are dominant. Such unusual dispersion spectra were prevalent in the multichannel surface-wave data acquired from our permafrost study site at Barrow, Alaska. Owing to the difficulties in picking and identifying dispersion curves from these dispersion spectra, conventional surface-wave inversion methods become problematic to apply. To overcome these difficulties, we adopted a full-wavefield method to invert for velocity models that can best fit the dispersion spectra instead of the dispersion curves. The inferred velocity models were consistent with collocated electric resistivity results and with subsequent confirmation cores, which indicated the reliability of the recovered seismic structures. The results revealed embedded low-velocity zones underlying the ice-rich permafrost at our study site - an unexpected feature considering the low ground temperatures of -10 degrees C to -8 degrees C. The low velocities in these zones ( approximately 70%-80% lower than the overlying ice-rich permafrost) were most likely caused by saline pore-waters that prevent the ground from freezing, and the resultant velocity structures are vivid examples of complex subsurface properties in permafrost terrain. We determined that full-wavefield inversion of surface waves, although carrying higher computational costs than conventional methods, can be an effective tool for delineating the seismic structures of permafrost. JF - Geophysics AU - Dou, Shan AU - Ajo-Franklin, Jonathan B Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - EN107 EP - EN124 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 79 IS - 6 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - body waves KW - permafrost KW - guided waves KW - data acquisition KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - mapping KW - elastic waves KW - freezing KW - wave fields KW - seismic methods KW - surface waves KW - velocity structure KW - velocity KW - seismic waves KW - frozen ground KW - saline composition KW - S-waves KW - pore water KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=Full-wavefield+inversion+of+surface+waves+for+mapping+embedded+low-velocity+zones+in+permafrost&rft.au=Dou%2C+Shan%3BAjo-Franklin%2C+Jonathan+B&rft.aulast=Dou&rft.aufirst=Shan&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=EN107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2013-0427.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; data acquisition; data processing; elastic waves; freezing; frozen ground; geophysical methods; guided waves; mapping; permafrost; pore water; S-waves; saline composition; seismic methods; seismic waves; surface waves; velocity; velocity structure; wave fields DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0427.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Densely ionizing radiation acts via the microenvironment to promote aggressive Trp53-null mammary carcinomas. AN - 1629964170; 25304265 AB - Densely ionizing radiation, which is present in the space radiation environment and used in radiation oncology, has potentially greater carcinogenic effect compared with sparsely ionizing radiation that is prevalent on earth. Here, we used a radiation chimera in which mice were exposed to densely ionizing 350 MeV/amu Si-particles, γ-radiation, or sham-irradiated and transplanted 3 days later with syngeneic Trp53-null mammary fragments. Trp53-null tumors arising in mice irradiated with Si-particles had a shorter median time to appearance and grew faster once detected compared with those in sham-irradiated or γ-irradiated mice. Tumors were further classified by markers keratin 8/18 (K18, KRT18), keratin 14 (K14, KRT14) and estrogen receptor (ER, ESR1), and expression profiling. Most tumors arising in sham-irradiated hosts were comprised of both K18- and K14-positive cells (K14/18) while those tumors arising in irradiated hosts were mostly K18. Keratin staining was significantly associated with ER status: K14/18 tumors were predominantly ER-positive, whereas K18 tumors were predominantly ER-negative. Genes differentially expressed in K18 tumors compared with K14/18 tumor were associated with ERBB2 and KRAS, metastasis, and loss of E-cadherin. Consistent with this, K18 tumors tended to grow faster and be more metastatic than K14/18 tumors, however, K18 tumors in particle-irradiated mice grew significantly larger and were more metastatic compared with sham-irradiated mice. An expression profile that distinguished K18 tumors arising in particle-irradiated mice compared with sham-irradiated mice was enriched in mammary stem cell, stroma, and Notch signaling genes. These data suggest that carcinogenic effects of densely ionizing radiation are mediated by the microenvironment, which elicits more aggressive tumors compared with similar tumors arising in sham-irradiated hosts. JF - Cancer research AU - Illa-Bochaca, Irineu AU - Ouyang, Haoxu AU - Tang, Jonathan AU - Sebastiano, Christopher AU - Mao, Jian-Hua AU - Costes, Sylvain V AU - Demaria, Sandra AU - Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. ; Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. ; Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. mhbarcellos-hoff@nyumc.org. Y1 - 2014/12/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Dec 01 SP - 7137 EP - 7148 VL - 74 IS - 23 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - 0 KW - Cadherins KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Receptors, Notch KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Keratins KW - 68238-35-7 KW - Erbb2 protein, mouse KW - EC 2.7.10.1 KW - Receptor, ErbB-2 KW - Kras2 protein, mouse KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) KW - Index Medicus KW - Keratins -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- genetics KW - Receptor, ErbB-2 -- genetics KW - Stem Cells -- pathology KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Gene Expression Profiling -- methods KW - Receptors, Notch -- genetics KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- genetics KW - Cadherins -- genetics KW - Female KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) -- genetics KW - Radiation, Ionizing KW - Tumor Microenvironment -- genetics KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- genetics KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- genetics KW - Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629964170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Densely+ionizing+radiation+acts+via+the+microenvironment+to+promote+aggressive+Trp53-null+mammary+carcinomas.&rft.au=Illa-Bochaca%2C+Irineu%3BOuyang%2C+Haoxu%3BTang%2C+Jonathan%3BSebastiano%2C+Christopher%3BMao%2C+Jian-Hua%3BCostes%2C+Sylvain+V%3BDemaria%2C+Sandra%3BBarcellos-Hoff%2C+Mary+Helen&rft.aulast=Illa-Bochaca&rft.aufirst=Irineu&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=7137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=1538-7445&rft_id=info:doi/10.1158%2F0008-5472.CAN-14-1212 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-03-04 N1 - Date created - 2014-12-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-1212 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exome-wide mutation profile in benzo[a]pyrene-derived post-stasis and immortal human mammary epithelial cells. AN - 1629586997; 25435355 AB - Genetic mutations are known to drive cancer progression and certain tumors have mutation signatures that reflect exposures to environmental carcinogens. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) has a known mutation signature and has proven capable of inducing changes to DNA sequence that drives normal pre-stasis human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) past a first tumor suppressor barrier (stasis) and toward immortality. We analyzed normal, pre-stasis HMEC, three independent BaP-derived post-stasis HMEC strains (184Aa, 184Be, 184Ce) and two of their immortal derivatives(184A1 and 184BE1) by whole exome sequencing. The independent post-stasis strains exhibited between 93 and 233 BaP-induced mutations in exons. Seventy percent of the mutations were C:G>A:T transversions, consistent with the known mutation spectrum of BaP. Mutations predicted to impact protein function occurred in several known and putative cancer drivers including p16, PLCG1, MED12, TAF1 in 184Aa; PIK3CG, HSP90AB1, WHSC1L1, LCP1 in 184Be and FANCA, LPP in 184Ce. Biological processes that typically harbor cancer driver mutations such as cell cycle, regulation of cell death and proliferation, RNA processing, chromatin modification and DNA repair were found to have mutations predicted to impact function in each of the post-stasis strains. Spontaneously immortalized HMEC lines derived from two of the BaP-derived post-stasis strains shared greater than 95% of their BaP-induced mutations with their precursor cells. These immortal HMEC had 10 or fewer additional point mutations relative to their post-stasis precursors, but acquired chromosomal anomalies during immortalization that arose independent of BaP. The results of this study indicate that acute exposures of HMEC to high dose BaP recapitulate mutation patterns of human tumors and can induce mutations in a number of cancer driver genes. JF - Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis AU - Severson, Paul L AU - Vrba, Lukas AU - Stampfer, Martha R AU - Futscher, Bernard W AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA. ; University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA. ; University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA; Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA; University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA. Electronic address: BFutscher@uacc.arizona.edu. Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 48 EP - 54 VL - 775-776 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Index Medicus KW - Benzo[a]pyrene KW - p16 KW - HMEC KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Young Adult KW - Epithelial Cells -- drug effects KW - Genes, Neoplasm KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA KW - Mutation KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Female KW - Mammary Glands, Human -- cytology KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- toxicity KW - Exome -- drug effects KW - Mammary Glands, Human -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629586997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research.+Genetic+toxicology+and+environmental+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Exome-wide+mutation+profile+in+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene-derived+post-stasis+and+immortal+human+mammary+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=Severson%2C+Paul+L%3BVrba%2C+Lukas%3BStampfer%2C+Martha+R%3BFutscher%2C+Bernard+W&rft.aulast=Severson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=775-776&rft.issue=&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research.+Genetic+toxicology+and+environmental+mutagenesis&rft.issn=1879-3592&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.mrgentox.2014.10.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-01-21 N1 - Date created - 2014-12-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Science. 2011 Aug 26;333(6046):1157-60 [21798893] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 May 24;108(21):8668-73 [21555587] Genome Res. 2011 Dec;21(12):2026-37 [21873453] Cancer Res. 2012 Jul 15;72(14):3687-701 [22552289] Science. 2013 Mar 29;339(6127):1546-58 [23539594] Nature. 2013 Aug 22;500(7463):415-21 [23945592] Nat Methods. 2013 Nov;10(11):1081-2 [24037244] Int J Cancer. 2002 Jun 10;99(5):747-50 [12115511] Nature. 2001 Feb 1;409(6820):633-7 [11214324] Sci Rep. 2014;4:4482 [24670820] Oncogene. 2002 Sep 12;21(41):6328-39 [12214273] Oncogene. 2002 Oct 21;21(48):7435-51 [12379884] Ann Surg. 2003 Apr;237(4):474-82 [12677142] Oncogene. 2003 Aug 14;22(34):5238-51 [12917625] Nat Genet. 2004 Sep;36(9):984-8 [15300252] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1973 Nov;51(5):1479-83 [4762931] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Oct;78(10):6251-5 [6273860] J Cell Biochem. 1982;18(2):135-48 [6279686] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(8):2394-8 [3857588] Carcinogenesis. 1985 Jul;6(7):1017-22 [4017169] Cancer Res. 1988 Aug 15;48(16):4689-94 [3293776] Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1989 Feb;37(2):249-61 [2702624] Cancer Treat Res. 1988;40:1-24 [2908646] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Nov 17;85(22):1819-27 [8230262] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 May 23;92(11):4818-22 [7761406] Cancer Res. 1995 Jul 1;55(13):2892-5 [7796417] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1995 Apr-May;4(3):233-8 [7606197] Cancer Res. 1996 Jan 15;56(2):287-93 [8542582] Science. 1996 Oct 18;274(5286):430-2 [8832894] Oncogene. 1998 Jul 16;17(2):199-205 [9674704] Mutat Res. 2005 Sep 4;577(1-2):146-54 [15922365] Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Sep;7(9):667-77 [16921403] Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74 [16959974] Cell Cycle. 2007 Aug 1;6(15):1927-36 [17671422] Reprod Toxicol. 2008 Jan;25(1):100-6 [18065195] Nature. 2008 Oct 23;455(7216):1069-75 [18948947] Nat Protoc. 2009;4(1):44-57 [19131956] Cancer Res. 2009 Jun 15;69(12):5251-8 [19509227] Cancer Res. 2009 Oct 1;69(19):7557-68 [19773443] Nature. 2010 Jan 14;463(7278):184-90 [20016488] Nature. 2010 May 27;465(7297):473-7 [20505728] Nat Genet. 2011 May;43(5):491-8 [21478889] Aging Cell. 2011 Dec;10(6):949-61 [21824272] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.10.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flame retardant exposures in California early childhood education environments. AN - 1609099813; 24835158 AB - Infants and young children spend as much as 50h per week in child care and preschool. Although approximately 13 million children, or 65% of all U.S. children, spend some time each day in early childhood education (ECE) facilities, little information is available about environmental exposures in these environments. We measured flame retardants in air and dust collected from 40 California ECE facilities between May 2010 and May 2011. Low levels of six polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners and four non-PBDE flame retardants were present in air, including two constituents of Firemaster 550 and two tris phosphate compounds [tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tris (1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP)]. Tris phosphate, Firemaster 550 and PBDE compounds were detected in 100% of the dust samples. BDE47, BDE99, and BDE209 comprised the majority of the PBDE mass measured in dust. The median concentrations of TCEP (319 ng g(-1)) and TDCIPP (2265 ng g(-1)) were similar to or higher than any PBDE congener. Levels of TCEP and TDCIPP in dust were significantly higher in facilities with napping equipment made out of foam (Mann-Whitney p-values<0.05). Child BDE99 dose estimates exceeded the RfD in one facility for children<3 years old. In 51% of facilities, TDCIPP dose estimates for children<6 years old exceeded age-specific "No Significant Risk Levels (NSRLs)" based on California Proposition 65 guidelines for carcinogens. Given the overriding interest in providing safe and healthy environments for young children, additional research is needed to identify strategies to reduce indoor sources of flame retardant chemicals. JF - Chemosphere AU - Bradman, Asa AU - Castorina, Rosemary AU - Gaspar, Fraser AU - Nishioka, Marcia AU - Colón, Maribel AU - Weathers, Walter AU - Egeghy, Peter P AU - Maddalena, Randy AU - Williams, Jeffery AU - Jenkins, Peggy L AU - McKone, Thomas E AD - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Electronic address: abradman@berkeley.edu. ; Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH, USA. ; United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA, USA. ; Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2014/12// PY - 2014 DA - December 2014 SP - 61 EP - 66 VL - 116 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Flame Retardants KW - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers KW - Organophosphates KW - Index Medicus KW - PBDEs KW - Exposure KW - Children KW - Child care KW - Flame retardant KW - United States KW - California KW - Child Day Care Centers KW - Schools KW - Housing KW - Humans KW - Organophosphates -- analysis KW - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers -- analysis KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Flame Retardants -- analysis KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1609099813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Flame+retardant+exposures+in+California+early+childhood+education+environments.&rft.au=Bradman%2C+Asa%3BCastorina%2C+Rosemary%3BGaspar%2C+Fraser%3BNishioka%2C+Marcia%3BCol%C3%B3n%2C+Maribel%3BWeathers%2C+Walter%3BEgeghy%2C+Peter+P%3BMaddalena%2C+Randy%3BWilliams%2C+Jeffery%3BJenkins%2C+Peggy+L%3BMcKone%2C+Thomas+E&rft.aulast=Bradman&rft.aufirst=Asa&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=1879-1298&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2014.02.072 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-05-26 N1 - Date created - 2014-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.02.072 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - From land use to land cover: restoring the afforestation signal in a coupled integrated assessment-earth system model and the implications for CMIP5 RCP simulations AN - 1642610834; 21137271 AB - Climate projections depend on scenarios of fossil fuel emissions and land use change, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) AR5 parallel process assumes consistent climate scenarios across integrated assessment and earth system models (IAMs and ESMs). The CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) project used a novel "land use harmonization" based on the Global Land use Model (GLM) to provide ESMs with consistent 1500-2100 land use trajectories generated by historical data and four IAMs. A direct coupling of the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM), GLM, and the Community ESM (CESM) has allowed us to characterize and partially address a major gap in the CMIP5 land coupling design: the lack of a corresponding land cover harmonization. For RCP4.5, CESM global afforestation is only 22% of GCAM's 2005 to 2100 afforestation. Likewise, only 17% of GCAM's 2040 afforestation, and zero pasture loss, were transmitted to CESM within the directly coupled model. This is a problem because GCAM relied on afforestation to achieve RCP4.5 climate stabilization. GLM modifications and sharing forest area between GCAM and GLM within the directly coupled model did not increase CESM afforestation. Modifying the land use translator in addition to GLM, however, enabled CESM to include 66% of GCAM's afforestation in 2040, and 94% of GCAM's pasture loss as grassland and shrubland losses. This additional afforestation increases CESM vegetation carbon gain by 19 PgC and decreases atmospheric CO2 gain by 8 ppmv from 2005 to 2040, which demonstrates that CESM without additional afforestation simulates a different RCP4.5 scenario than prescribed by GCAM. Similar land cover inconsistencies exist in other CMIP5 model results, primarily because land cover information is not shared between models. Further work to harmonize land cover among models will be required to increase fidelity between IAM scenarios and ESM simulations and realize the full potential of scenario-based earth system simulations. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Vittorio, A V Di AU - Chini, L P AU - Bond-Lamberty, B AU - Mao, J AU - Shi, X AU - Truesdale, J AU - Craig, A AU - Calvin, K AU - Jones, A AU - Collins, W D AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2014/11/27/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 27 SP - 6435 EP - 6450 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 11 IS - 22 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Climatic changes KW - Forests KW - Pasture KW - Models KW - Carbon KW - Emissions KW - Data processing KW - Fossil fuels KW - Simulation KW - Vegetation KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - Land use KW - Grasslands KW - Fidelity KW - Afforestation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642610834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=From+land+use+to+land+cover%3A+restoring+the+afforestation+signal+in+a+coupled+integrated+assessment-earth+system+model+and+the+implications+for+CMIP5+RCP+simulations&rft.au=Vittorio%2C+A+V+Di%3BChini%2C+L+P%3BBond-Lamberty%2C+B%3BMao%2C+J%3BShi%2C+X%3BTruesdale%2C+J%3BCraig%2C+A%3BCalvin%2C+K%3BJones%2C+A%3BCollins%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Vittorio&rft.aufirst=A+V&rft.date=2014-11-27&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=6435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-11-6435-2014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Fossil fuels; Climatic changes; Forests; Vegetation; Pasture; Land use; Models; Grasslands; Fidelity; Carbon; Afforestation; Carbon dioxide; Historical account; Emissions; Simulation; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6435-2014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thioarsenic species associated with increased arsenic release during biostimulated subsurface sulfate reduction AN - 1812210729; 2016-068055 AB - Introduction of acetate into groundwater at the Rifle Integrated Field Research Challenge (Rifle, CO) has been used for biostimulation aimed at immobilizing uranium. While a promising approach for lowering groundwater-associated uranium, a concomitant increase in soluble arsenic was also observed at the site. An array of field data was analyzed to understand spatial and temporal trends in arsenic release and possible correlations to speciation, subsurface redox conditions, and biogeochemistry. Arsenic release (up to 9 mu M) was strongest under sulfate reducing conditions in areas receiving the highest loadings of acetate. A mixture of thioarsenate species, primarily trithioarsenate and dithioarsenate, were found to dominate arsenic speciation (up to 80%) in wells with the highest arsenic releases; thioarsenates were absent or minor components in wells with low arsenic release. Laboratory batch incubations revealed a strong preference for the formation of multiple thioarsenic species in the presence of the reduced precursors arsenite and sulfide. Although total soluble arsenic increased during field biostimulation, the termination of sulfate reduction was accompanied by recovery of soluble arsenic to concentrations at or below prestimulation levels. Thioarsenic species can be responsible for the transient mobility of sediment-associated arsenic during sulfidogenesis and should be considered when remediation strategies are implemented in sulfate-bearing, contaminated aquifers. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Stucker, Valerie K AU - Silverman, David R AU - Williams, Kenneth H AU - Sharp, Jonathan O AU - Ranville, James F Y1 - 2014/11/18/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 18 SP - 13367 EP - 13375 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 48 IS - 22 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - thioarsenates KW - Garfield County Colorado KW - sulfates KW - biochemistry KW - arsenic KW - ground water KW - Rifle Integrated Field Research Challenge KW - Rifle Colorado KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - water treatment KW - uranium KW - Colorado KW - actinides KW - Eh KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812210729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Thioarsenic+species+associated+with+increased+arsenic+release+during+biostimulated+subsurface+sulfate+reduction&rft.au=Stucker%2C+Valerie+K%3BSilverman%2C+David+R%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth+H%3BSharp%2C+Jonathan+O%3BRanville%2C+James+F&rft.aulast=Stucker&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft.date=2014-11-18&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=13367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes5035206 L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; arsenic; biochemistry; biodegradation; biogenic processes; Colorado; Eh; Garfield County Colorado; ground water; metals; Rifle Colorado; Rifle Integrated Field Research Challenge; sulfates; thioarsenates; United States; uranium; water treatment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es5035206 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhalable constituents of thirdhand tobacco smoke: chemical characterization and health impact considerations. AN - 1626166708; 25317906 AB - Tobacco smoke residues lingering in the indoor environment, also termed thirdhand smoke (THS), can be a source of long-term exposure to harmful pollutants. THS composition is affected by chemical transformations and by air-surface partitioning over time scales of minutes to months. This study identified and quantified airborne THS pollutants available for respiratory exposure, identified potential environmental tracers, and estimated health impacts to nonsmokers. In a ventilated 18 m(3) laboratory chamber, six cigarettes were machine-smoked, and levels of particulate matter (PM2.5) and 58 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were monitored during an aging period of 18 h. Results were compared with field measurements taken in a smoker's home 8 h after the last cigarette had been smoked. Initial chamber levels of individual VOCs in freshly emitted secondhand smoke (SHS) were in the range of 1-300 μg m(-3). The commonly used SHS tracers 3-ethenylpyridine (3-EP) and nicotine were no longer present in the gas phase after 2 h, likely due mostly to sorption to surfaces. By contrast, other VOCs persisted in the gas phase for at least 18 h, particularly furans, carbonyls, and nitriles. The concentration ratio of acetonitrile to 3-EP increased substantially with aging. This ratio may provide a useful metric for differentiating freshly emitted (SHS) from aged smoke (THS). Among the 29 VOCs detected in the smoker's home at moderate to high concentrations, 18 compounds were also detected in simultaneously sampled outdoor air, but acetonitrile, 2-methyl furan, and 2,5-dimethyl furan appeared to be specific to cigarette smoke. The levels of acrolein, methacrolein, and acrylonitrile exceeded concentrations considered harmful by the State of California. An initial exposure and impact assessment was conducted for a subset of pollutants by computing disability-adjusted life years lost, using available toxicological and epidemiological information. Exposure to PM2.5 contributed to more than 90% of the predicted harm. Acrolein, furan, acrylonitrile, and 1,3-butadiene were considered to be the most harmful VOCs. Depending on which criteria are used to establish the separation between SHS and THS, 5-60% of the predicted health damage could be attributed to THS exposure. Benefits and limitations of this approach are discussed. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Sleiman, Mohamad AU - Logue, Jennifer M AU - Luo, Wentai AU - Pankow, James F AU - Gundel, Lara A AU - Destaillats, Hugo AD - Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2014/11/18/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 18 SP - 13093 EP - 13101 VL - 48 IS - 22 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Particulate Matter KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Volatile Organic Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Quality-Adjusted Life Years KW - Humans KW - Particulate Matter -- analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Volatile Organic Compounds -- analysis KW - Public Health KW - Inhalation Exposure -- analysis KW - Health Impact Assessment KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis KW - Tobacco -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1626166708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Inhalable+constituents+of+thirdhand+tobacco+smoke%3A+chemical+characterization+and+health+impact+considerations.&rft.au=Sleiman%2C+Mohamad%3BLogue%2C+Jennifer+M%3BLuo%2C+Wentai%3BPankow%2C+James+F%3BGundel%2C+Lara+A%3BDestaillats%2C+Hugo&rft.aulast=Sleiman&rft.aufirst=Mohamad&rft.date=2014-11-18&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=13093&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=1520-5851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fes5036333 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-12-07 N1 - Date created - 2014-11-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es5036333 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Identification of Polar Plots of Crystal Dissolution Rates Using Hot-Stage Microscopy T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627977597; 6312101 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Singh, Meenesh AU - Ramkrishna, Doraiswami Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Microscopy KW - Dissolution KW - Crystals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627977597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Polar+Plots+of+Crystal+Dissolution+Rates+Using+Hot-Stage+Microscopy&rft.au=Singh%2C+Meenesh%3BRamkrishna%2C+Doraiswami&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Meenesh&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Solar Fuel Generation at Near-Neutral pH Conditions: Operational Advantages and Disadvantages T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627977401; 6312004 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Singh, Meenesh AU - Evans, Christopher AU - Xiang, Chengxiang AU - Segalman, Rachel AU - Lewis, Nathan Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Fuels KW - pH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627977401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Solar+Fuel+Generation+at+Near-Neutral+pH+Conditions%3A+Operational+Advantages+and+Disadvantages&rft.au=Singh%2C+Meenesh%3BEvans%2C+Christopher%3BXiang%2C+Chengxiang%3BSegalman%2C+Rachel%3BLewis%2C+Nathan&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Meenesh&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Polymeric Moisture Swing Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Capture from Gas Mixtures T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627974193; 6311887 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Miller, Daniel AU - Singh, Meenesh AU - Liang, Siwei AU - Segalman, Rachel AU - Lynd, Nathaniel Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Membranes KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627974193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Polymeric+Moisture+Swing+Membranes+for+Carbon+Dioxide+Capture+from+Gas+Mixtures&rft.au=Miller%2C+Daniel%3BSingh%2C+Meenesh%3BLiang%2C+Siwei%3BSegalman%2C+Rachel%3BLynd%2C+Nathaniel&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Computational Study of Solvation, Dynamics and Energetics of Electrolytes for Multivalent Batteries T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627968100; 6309791 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Rajput, Nav AU - Qu, Xiaohui AU - Persson, Kristin Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Electrolytes KW - Batteries KW - Solvation KW - Computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627968100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Computational+Study+of+Solvation%2C+Dynamics+and+Energetics+of+Electrolytes+for+Multivalent+Batteries&rft.au=Rajput%2C+Nav%3BQu%2C+Xiaohui%3BPersson%2C+Kristin&rft.aulast=Rajput&rft.aufirst=Nav&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Membranes for Generation of Fuels from Sunlight T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627964447; 6310759 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Lynd, Nathaniel Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Membranes KW - Fuels KW - Sunlight UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627964447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Membranes+for+Generation+of+Fuels+from+Sunlight&rft.au=Lynd%2C+Nathaniel&rft.aulast=Lynd&rft.aufirst=Nathaniel&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An Improved Method for Surface Modification of Porous Water Purification Membranes with Bioinspired Coatings T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627964099; 6311658 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Miller, Daniel AU - Paul, Donald AU - Freeman, Benny Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Membranes KW - Coating materials KW - Water purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627964099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=An+Improved+Method+for+Surface+Modification+of+Porous+Water+Purification+Membranes+with+Bioinspired+Coatings&rft.au=Miller%2C+Daniel%3BPaul%2C+Donald%3BFreeman%2C+Benny&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interface Engineering for High Performance Thermo-Electric Nanocomposites T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627963016; 6311490 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Sahu, Ayaskanta AU - Coates, Nelson AU - Forster, Jason AU - Russ, Boris AU - Urban, Jeffrey AU - Segalman, Rachel Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Nanocomposites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627963016?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Interface+Engineering+for+High+Performance+Thermo-Electric+Nanocomposites&rft.au=Sahu%2C+Ayaskanta%3BCoates%2C+Nelson%3BForster%2C+Jason%3BRuss%2C+Boris%3BUrban%2C+Jeffrey%3BSegalman%2C+Rachel&rft.aulast=Sahu&rft.aufirst=Ayaskanta&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Synthesis of New Semicrystalline Block Co-Polymer Membranes for Artificial photosynthesis T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627962965; 6309837 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Rodriguez, Christina AU - Lynd, Nathaniel Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Membranes KW - Photosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627962965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+New+Semicrystalline+Block+Co-Polymer+Membranes+for+Artificial+photosynthesis&rft.au=Rodriguez%2C+Christina%3BLynd%2C+Nathaniel&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Morphology of Nanoscale Hydrated Channels and Water Management in Block Copolymer Electrolyte Membranes T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627962693; 6310756 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Chen, Xi AU - Wong, David AU - Yakovlev, Sergey AU - Beers, Keith AU - Downing, Kenneth AU - Balsara, Nitash Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Channels KW - Electrolytes KW - Membranes KW - Water management KW - Morphology KW - Copolymers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627962693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Morphology+of+Nanoscale+Hydrated+Channels+and+Water+Management+in+Block+Copolymer+Electrolyte+Membranes&rft.au=Chen%2C+Xi%3BWong%2C+David%3BYakovlev%2C+Sergey%3BBeers%2C+Keith%3BDowning%2C+Kenneth%3BBalsara%2C+Nitash&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Xi&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Economics of a Macroalgae Biorefinery: (How) Can It be Viable? T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627962587; 6308917 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Murthy Konda, N AU - Simmons, Blake AU - Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627962587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Economics+of+a+Macroalgae+Biorefinery%3A+%28How%29+Can+It+be+Viable%3F&rft.au=Murthy+Konda%2C+N%3BSimmons%2C+Blake%3BKlein-Marcuschamer%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Murthy+Konda&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Process Development and Scale-up of Ionic Liquid-Tolerant Cellulase Cocktail T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627962500; 6310925 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Tachea, Firehiwot AU - Li, Chenlin Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Enzymes KW - Cellulase UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627962500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Process+Development+and+Scale-up+of+Ionic+Liquid-Tolerant+Cellulase+Cocktail&rft.au=Tachea%2C+Firehiwot%3BLi%2C+Chenlin&rft.aulast=Tachea&rft.aufirst=Firehiwot&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Monolithic Columns Modified with Ag Nanoparticles for TLC Separations of Fatty Acids T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627962462; 6310870 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Lamprou, Alexandros AU - Farren, Oliver AU - Kuan, Jeffrey AU - Svec, Frantisek Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Fatty acids KW - nanoparticles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627962462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Monolithic+Columns+Modified+with+Ag+Nanoparticles+for+TLC+Separations+of+Fatty+Acids&rft.au=Lamprou%2C+Alexandros%3BFarren%2C+Oliver%3BKuan%2C+Jeffrey%3BSvec%2C+Frantisek&rft.aulast=Lamprou&rft.aufirst=Alexandros&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Membrane-Encapsulated Solar Fuel Generators T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627962391; 6311475 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Singh, Meenesh AU - Stevens, John AU - Weber, Adam Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Fuels UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627962391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Membrane-Encapsulated+Solar+Fuel+Generators&rft.au=Singh%2C+Meenesh%3BStevens%2C+John%3BWeber%2C+Adam&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Meenesh&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Efficient Separation of Ionic Liquids Using By Pervaporation T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627962136; 6309176 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Sun Sr, Jian Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627962136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Efficient+Separation+of+Ionic+Liquids+Using+By+Pervaporation&rft.au=Sun+Sr%2C+Jian&rft.aulast=Sun+Sr&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Strategies for Efficient and Cost-Effective Ionic Liquid Recycle and Product Recovery T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627961955; 6308445 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Shi, Jian Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627961955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+Efficient+and+Cost-Effective+Ionic+Liquid+Recycle+and+Product+Recovery&rft.au=Shi%2C+Jian&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ionic Conductivity and Gas Permeability of Polymerized Ionic Liquid Block Copolymer Membranes for Energy Applications T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627960267; 6309059 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Evans, Christopher Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Energy KW - Copolymers KW - Membrane permeability UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627960267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Ionic+Conductivity+and+Gas+Permeability+of+Polymerized+Ionic+Liquid+Block+Copolymer+Membranes+for+Energy+Applications&rft.au=Evans%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Design of an Electrochemical Cell for Investigating the CO2 Reduction Reaction Via Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627960141; 6309406 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Clark, Ezra AU - Singh, Meenesh AU - Bell, Alexis Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Electrochemistry KW - Mass spectroscopy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627960141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Design+of+an+Electrochemical+Cell+for+Investigating+the+CO2+Reduction+Reaction+Via+Differential+Electrochemical+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Clark%2C+Ezra%3BSingh%2C+Meenesh%3BBell%2C+Alexis&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Ezra&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Unveiling the Ionic Liquid Deconstruction of Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Glycome Profiling T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627959953; 6308150 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Shi, Jian Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Profiling KW - Biomass UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627959953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Unveiling+the+Ionic+Liquid+Deconstruction+of+Lignocellulosic+Biomass+Using+Glycome+Profiling&rft.au=Shi%2C+Jian&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Design and Operation of a "Tea-Cup" Reactor for Scale-up of Aqueous Phase Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627957870; 6308207 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Narani, Akash AU - Tanjore, Deepti AU - Gardner, James AU - Li, Chenlin AU - Rasson, Joseph AU - Perry, Paul Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Chemical engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627957870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Design+and+Operation+of+a+%22Tea-Cup%22+Reactor+for+Scale-up+of+Aqueous+Phase+Heterogeneous+Catalytic+Reactions&rft.au=Narani%2C+Akash%3BTanjore%2C+Deepti%3BGardner%2C+James%3BLi%2C+Chenlin%3BRasson%2C+Joseph%3BPerry%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Narani&rft.aufirst=Akash&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Synthesis of Anion-Exchange Membranes for Applications Artificial Photosynthesis and in CO2 Capture T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AN - 1627957563; 6307658 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Chemical Engineering (AIChE 2014) AU - Liang, Siwei AU - Singh, Meenesh AU - Miller, Daniel AU - Lynd, Nathaniel Y1 - 2014/11/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Nov 16 KW - Membranes KW - Photosynthesis KW - Carbon dioxide UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627957563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+Anion-Exchange+Membranes+for+Applications+Artificial+Photosynthesis+and+in+CO2+Capture&rft.au=Liang%2C+Siwei%3BSingh%2C+Meenesh%3BMiller%2C+Daniel%3BLynd%2C+Nathaniel&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=Siwei&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+American+Institute+for+Chemical+Engineering+%28AIChE+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2014/webprogram/meeting2014-11-16.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A discontinuous cellular automaton method for modeling rock fracture propagation and coalescence under fluid pressurization without remeshing AN - 1832670900; 766746-18 AB - We present a formulation of a discontinuous cellular automaton method for modeling of rock fluid pressure induced fracture propagation and coalescence without the need for remeshing. Using this method, modelers discretize a discontinuous rock-mass domain into a system composed of cell elements in which the numerical grid and crack geometry are independent of each other. The level set method, which defines the relationship between cracks and the numerical grid, is used for tracking the crack location and its propagation path. As a result, no explicit meshing for crack surfaces and no remeshing for crack growth are needed. Discontinuous displacement functions, i.e., the Heaviside functions for crack surfaces and asymptotic crack-tip displacement fields, are introduced to represent complex discontinuities. When two cracks intersect, the tip enrichment of the approaching crack is annihilated and is replaced by a Heaviside enrichment. We use the "partition of unity" concept to improve the integral precision for elements, including crack surfaces and crack tips. From this, we develop a cellular automaton updating rule to calculate the stress field induced by fluid pressure. Then, the stress is substituted into a mixed-mode fracture criterion. The cracking direction is determined from the stress analysis around the crack tips, where fracture fluid is assumed to penetrate into the newly developed crack, leading to a continuous crack propagation. Finally, we performed verification against independent numerical models and analytic solutions and conducted a number of simulations with different crack geometries and crack arrangements to show the robustness and applicability of this method. Copyright 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien JF - Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering AU - Pan, Pengzhi AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Feng, Xiating AU - Yan, Fei AU - Jiang, Quan Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 2183 EP - 2198 PB - Springer-Verlag, Vienna - New York VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0723-2632, 0723-2632 KW - pressure KW - numerical models KW - numerical analysis KW - factor analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - intensity KW - injection KW - data processing KW - high pressure KW - discontinuous materials KW - cracks KW - fluid pressure KW - digital simulation KW - rocks KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832670900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.atitle=A+discontinuous+cellular+automaton+method+for+modeling+rock+fracture+propagation+and+coalescence+under+fluid+pressurization+without+remeshing&rft.au=Pan%2C+Pengzhi%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BFeng%2C+Xiating%3BYan%2C+Fei%3BJiang%2C+Quan&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Pengzhi&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rock+Mechanics+and+Rock+Engineering&rft.issn=07232632&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00603-013-0522-4 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/101578/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - RMREDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cracks; data processing; digital simulation; discontinuous materials; factor analysis; fluid pressure; high pressure; injection; intensity; numerical analysis; numerical models; pressure; rocks; statistical analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-013-0522-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A retrospective investigation of energy efficiency standards: policies may have accelerated long term declines in appliance costs AN - 1776655882; PQ0002739017 AB - We perform a retrospective investigation of multi-decade trends in price and life-cycle cost (LCC) for home appliances in periods with and without energy efficiency (EE) standards and labeling polices. In contrast to the classical picture of the impact of efficiency standards, the introduction and updating of appliance standards is not associated with a long-term increase in purchase price; rather, quality-adjusted prices undergo a continued or accelerated long-term decline. In addition, long term trends in appliance LCCs?which include operating costs?consistently show an accelerated long term decline with EE policies. We also show that the incremental price of efficiency improvements has declined faster than the baseline product price for selected products. These observations are inconsistent with a view of EE standards that supposes a perfectly competitive market with static supply costs. These results suggest that EE policies may be associated with other forces at play, such as innovation and learning-by-doing in appliance production and design, that can affect long term trends in quality-adjusted prices and LCCs. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Buskirk, R D Van AU - Kantner, C L S AU - Gerke, B F AU - Chu, S AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720-8136, USA, RDVanBuskirk@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 11 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Economics KW - Police KW - Innovations KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776655882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=A+retrospective+investigation+of+energy+efficiency+standards%3A+policies+may+have+accelerated+long+term+declines+in+appliance+costs&rft.au=Buskirk%2C+R+D+Van%3BKantner%2C+C+L+S%3BGerke%2C+B+F%3BChu%2C+S&rft.aulast=Buskirk&rft.aufirst=R+D&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F9%2F11%2F114010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Economics; Police; Innovations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/114010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ TEM observations of plastic deformation in quartz crystals AN - 1696875025; 2015-069132 AB - With in situ nanocompression experiments in a transmission electron microscope, we investigated plastic deformation in natural quartz crystals and observed both dislocation plasticity as well as mechanical twinning. Through this experimental method, we are able to provide direct evidence of Dauphine twin nucleation and could measure the intrinsic twinning stress. The twinning phenomena appear to include a memory effect, where the same twin can reappear upon successive loading and unloading events. The data provide insight into this twin generation mechanism and can be used as a benchmark for the use of twins in quartz for paleopiezometry. Together, the observation of room-temperature dislocation plasticity and reversible twinning adds new insight into the extensive field of quartz plasticity and demonstrates the usefulness of small-scale testing techniques for mineral physics. Copyright 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg JF - Physics and Chemistry of Minerals AU - Tochigi, E AU - Zepeda-Alarcon, E AU - Wenk, H R AU - Minor, A M Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 757 EP - 765 PB - Springer-Verlag, Berlin - New York VL - 41 IS - 10 SN - 0342-1791, 0342-1791 KW - silicates KW - Dauphine twinning KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - silica minerals KW - amorphous materials KW - loading KW - stress KW - plastic deformation KW - electron microscopy data KW - deformation KW - twinning KW - TEM data KW - nucleation KW - quartz KW - framework silicates KW - crystal dislocations KW - compression KW - amorphization KW - plasticity KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696875025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.atitle=In+situ+TEM+observations+of+plastic+deformation+in+quartz+crystals&rft.au=Tochigi%2C+E%3BZepeda-Alarcon%2C+E%3BWenk%2C+H+R%3BMinor%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Tochigi&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=757&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Minerals&rft.issn=03421791&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00269-014-0689-6 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100449/?p=e597e977f1914094b3810f7e67f0a453&pi=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-17 N1 - CODEN - PCMIDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphization; amorphous materials; compression; crystal dislocations; Dauphine twinning; deformation; electron microscopy data; experimental studies; framework silicates; in situ; loading; nucleation; plastic deformation; plasticity; quartz; silica minerals; silicates; stress; TEM data; twinning DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00269-014-0689-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diamond xenolith and matrix organic matter in the Sutter's Mill Meteorite measured by C-XANES AN - 1692744159; 2015-059963 AB - The Sutter's Mill (SM) meteorite fell in El Dorado County, California, on April 22, 2012. This meteorite is a regolith breccia composed of CM chondrite material and at least one xenolithic phase: oldhamite. The meteorite studied here, SM2 (subsample 5), was one of three meteorites collected before it rained extensively on the debris site, thus preserving the original asteroid regolith mineralogy. Two relatively large (10 mu m sized) possible diamond grains were observed in SM2-5 surrounded by fine-grained matrix. In the present work, we analyzed a focused ion beam (FIB) milled thin section that transected a region containing these two potential diamond grains as well as the surrounding fine-grained matrix employing carbon and nitrogen X-ray absorption near-edge structure (C-XANES and N-XANES) spectroscopy using a scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) (Beamline 5.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). The STXM analysis revealed that the matrix of SM2-5 contains C-rich grains, possibly organic nanoglobules. A single carbonate grain was also detected. The C-XANES spectrum of the matrix is similar to that of insoluble organic matter (IOM) found in other CM chondrites. However, no significant nitrogen-bearing functional groups were observed with N-XANES. One of the possible diamond grains contains a Ca-bearing inclusion that is not carbonate. C-XANES features of the diamond-edges suggest that the diamond might have formed by the CVD process, or in a high-temperature and -pressure environment in the interior of a much larger parent body. Abstract Copyright The Meteoritical Society, 2014. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Kebukawa, Yoko AU - Zolensky, Michael E AU - Kilcoyne, A L David AU - Rahman, Zia AU - Jenniskens, Peter AU - Cody, George D Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 2095 EP - 2103 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 49 IS - 11 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - stony meteorites KW - asteroids KW - scanning transmission X-ray microscopy KW - oldhamite KW - nitrogen KW - XANES spectra KW - meteorites KW - carbon KW - inclusions KW - diamond KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - chondrites KW - xenoliths KW - parent bodies KW - matrix KW - Sutter's Mill Meteorite KW - native elements KW - carbonaceous chondrites KW - X-ray spectra KW - organic compounds KW - CM chondrites KW - sulfides KW - regolith KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1692744159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Diamond+xenolith+and+matrix+organic+matter+in+the+Sutter%27s+Mill+Meteorite+measured+by+C-XANES&rft.au=Kebukawa%2C+Yoko%3BZolensky%2C+Michael+E%3BKilcoyne%2C+A+L+David%3BRahman%2C+Zia%3BJenniskens%2C+Peter%3BCody%2C+George+D&rft.aulast=Kebukawa&rft.aufirst=Yoko&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2095&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmaps.12312 L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-02 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asteroids; carbon; carbonaceous chondrites; chondrites; CM chondrites; diamond; inclusions; matrix; meteorites; native elements; nitrogen; oldhamite; organic carbon; organic compounds; parent bodies; regolith; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy; spectra; stony meteorites; sulfides; Sutter's Mill Meteorite; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra; xenoliths DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maps.12312 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of trace neptunium in the vicinity of underground nuclear tests at the Nevada National Security Site AN - 1680755746; 2015-043498 AB - A high sensitivity analytical method for (super 237) Np analysis was developed and applied to groundwater samples from the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) using short-lived (super 239) Np as a yield tracer and HR magnetic sector ICP-MS. The (super 237) Np concentrations in the vicinity of the Almendro, Cambric, Dalhart, Cheshire, and Chancellor underground nuclear test locations range from <4 X 10 (super -4) to 2.6 mBq/L (6 X 10 (super -17) -4.2 X 10 (super -13) mol/L). All measured (super 237) Np concentrations are well below the drinking water maximum contaminant level for alpha emitters identified by the U.S. EPA (560 mBq/L). Nevertheless, (super 237) Np remains an important indicator for radionuclide transport rates at the NNSS. Retardation factor ratios were used to compare the mobility of (super 237) Np to that of other radionuclides. The results suggest that (super 237) Np is less mobile than tritium and other non-sorbing radionuclides ( (super 14) C, (super 36) Cl, (super 99) Tc and (super 129) I) as expected. Surprisingly, (super 237) Np and plutonium ( (super 239,240) Pu) retardation factors are very similar. It is possible that Np(IV) exists under mildly reducing groundwater conditions and exhibits a retardation behavior that is comparable to Pu(IV). Independent of the underlying process, (super 237) Np is migrating downgradient from NNSS underground nuclear tests at very low but measureable concentrations. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Environmental Radioactivity AU - Zhao, P AU - Tinnacher, R M AU - Zavarin, M AU - Kersting, A B Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 163 EP - 172 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 137 SN - 0265-931X, 0265-931X KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - neptunium KW - isotopes KW - plutonium KW - Almendro test site KW - halogens KW - unsaturated zone KW - mass spectra KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - Nevada Test Site KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - rare earths KW - nuclear explosions KW - water pollution KW - Nevada KW - hydrology KW - chlorine KW - Cambric test site KW - technetium KW - Np-237 KW - explosions KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Dalhart test site KW - ICP mass spectra KW - water table KW - Chancellor test site KW - hydrostratigraphy KW - metals KW - mobilization KW - C-14 KW - Cheshire test site KW - water resources KW - actinides KW - yttrium KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680755746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+trace+neptunium+in+the+vicinity+of+underground+nuclear+tests+at+the+Nevada+National+Security+Site&rft.au=Zhao%2C+P%3BTinnacher%2C+R+M%3BZavarin%2C+M%3BKersting%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Radioactivity&rft.issn=0265931X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jenvrad.2014.07.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0265931X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Almendro test site; C-14; Cambric test site; carbon; Chancellor test site; Cheshire test site; chlorine; Dalhart test site; drinking water; environmental analysis; explosions; ground water; halogens; hydrology; hydrostratigraphy; ICP mass spectra; isotopes; mass spectra; metals; mobilization; neptunium; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; Np-237; nuclear explosions; plutonium; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; rare earths; solute transport; spectra; technetium; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; water pollution; water resources; water table; yttrium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.07.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracer applications of noble gas radionuclides in the geosciences AN - 1680755743; 2015-043554 AB - Noble gas radionuclides, including (super 81) Kr (t (sub 1/2) = 229,000 years), (super 85) Kr (t (sub 1/2) = 10.8 years), and (super 39) Ar (t (sub 1/2) = 269 years), possess nearly ideal chemical and physical properties for studies of earth and environmental processes. Recent advances in Atom Trap Trace Analysis (ATTA), a laser-based atom counting method, have enabled routine measurements of the radiokrypton isotopes, as well as the demonstration of the ability to measure (super 39) Ar in environmental samples. Here we provide an overview of the ATTA technique, and a survey of recent progress made in several laboratories worldwide. We review the application of noble gas radionuclides in the geosciences and discuss how ATTA can help advance these fields, specifically: determination of groundwater residence times using (super 81) Kr, (super 85) Kr, and (super 39) Ar; dating old glacial ice using (super 81) Kr; and an (super 39) Ar survey of the main water masses of the oceans, to study circulation pathways and estimate mean residence times. Other scientific questions involving a deeper circulation of fluids in the Earth's crust and mantle are also within the scope of future applications. We conclude that the geoscience community would greatly benefit from an ATTA facility dedicated to this field, with instrumentation for routine measurements, as well as for research on further development of ATTA methods. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Earth-Science Reviews AU - Lu, Z T AU - Schlosser, P AU - Smethie, W M, Jr AU - Sturchio, N C AU - Fischer, T P AU - Kennedy, B M AU - Purtschert, R AU - Severinghaus, J P AU - Solomon, D K AU - Tanhua, T AU - Yokochi, R Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 196 EP - 214 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 138 SN - 0012-8252, 0012-8252 KW - upper Precambrian KW - North Africa KW - isotopes KW - cosmogenic elements KW - atom trap trace analysis KW - ground water KW - Ar-39 KW - ventilation KW - laboratory studies KW - Uweinat Uplift KW - radioactive isotopes KW - errors KW - Nubian Sandstone KW - dates KW - noble gases KW - ice KW - tracers KW - absolute age KW - Precambrian KW - isotope ratios KW - Nubian Aquifer KW - basement KW - glaciers KW - Proterozoic KW - Western Desert KW - krypton KW - hydrochemistry KW - argon KW - aquifers KW - paleoice KW - Egypt KW - ocean basins KW - Kr-81 KW - residence time KW - ATTA method KW - Africa KW - instruments KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680755743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth-Science+Reviews&rft.atitle=Tracer+applications+of+noble+gas+radionuclides+in+the+geosciences&rft.au=Lu%2C+Z+T%3BSchlosser%2C+P%3BSmethie%2C+W+M%2C+Jr%3BSturchio%2C+N+C%3BFischer%2C+T+P%3BKennedy%2C+B+M%3BPurtschert%2C+R%3BSeveringhaus%2C+J+P%3BSolomon%2C+D+K%3BTanhua%2C+T%3BYokochi%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=&rft.spage=196&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth-Science+Reviews&rft.issn=00128252&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.earscirev.2013.09.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00128252 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 220 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - CODEN - ESREBW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Africa; aquifers; Ar-39; argon; atom trap trace analysis; ATTA method; basement; cosmogenic elements; dates; Egypt; errors; glaciers; ground water; hydrochemistry; ice; instruments; isotope ratios; isotopes; Kr-81; krypton; laboratory studies; noble gases; North Africa; Nubian Aquifer; Nubian Sandstone; ocean basins; paleoice; Precambrian; Proterozoic; radioactive isotopes; residence time; tracers; upper Precambrian; Uweinat Uplift; ventilation; Western Desert DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.09.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-Darcian flow in low-permeability media: key issues related to geological disposal of high-level nuclear waste in shale formations TT - Ecoulement non darcien dans un milieu de faible conductivite hydraulique: questions clefs liees au stockage geologique de dechets nucleaires de haute activite dans des formations de schiste AN - 1676357369; PQ0001432433 AB - In clay or other low-permeability media, water flow becomes non-Darcian and characterized by the non-linear relationship between water flux and hydraulic gradient. This work is devoted to addressing a number of key issues related to geological disposal of high-level nuclear waste in clay/shale formations. It is demonstrated that water flow velocity in the damaged zone (often considered as a potential preferential advection paths in a repository) surrounding the tunnel is extremely small, as a result of non-Darcian flow behavior, such that solute transport is dominated by diffusion, rather than advection. The finding is also consistent with the often-observed existence of persistent abnormal pressures in shale formations. While relative permeability is the key parameter for modeling the unsaturated flow process, without incorporating non-Darcian flow behavior, significant errors can occur in the determination of relative permeability values from traditional measurement methods. An approach for dealing with temperature impact on non-Darcian flow and a formulation to calculate non-Darcian water flux in an anisotropic medium are presented, taking into consideration that a geological repository is subject to temperature evolution in the near field as a result of heat generated by nuclear waste, and that shale formations are generally anisotropic.Original Abstract: Dans les argiles ou autres milieux de faible conductivite hydraulique, les ecoulements de l'eau deviennent non darciens et sont caracterises par la relation non lineaire entre l'ecoulement et le gradient hydraulique. Ce travail est consacre a regler un certain nombre de questions clefs liees au stockage geologique de dechets nucleaires de haute activite dans des formations argileuses et de schistes. Il est demontre que la vitesse d'ecoulement de l'eau dans la zone endommagee (souvent consideree comme une zone potentielle des cheminements preferentiels de type convectif dans un depot) entourant un tunnel est extremement petite, en raison du comportement non darcien des ecoulements, de telle sorte que le transport de solute est domine par la diffusion plutot que par la convection. Ce resultat est egalement compatible avec l'existence souvent observee de pressions anormales persistantes dans les formations de schistes. Alors que la conductivite hydraulique relative est le parametre cle pour la modelisation des ecoulements en zone non saturee, la non integration du comportement d'ecoulement de type non darcien, peut conduire a des erreurs significatives dans la determination des valeurs de conductivite hydraulique relative a partir des methodes traditionnelles de mesures. Une approche pour faire face a l'impact de la temperature sur les ecoulements non darciens et une formulation pour calculer les ecoulements non darciens dans un milieu anisotrope sont presentees, en considerant que la zone geologique de depot est soumise a une evolution de la temperature dans son environnement proche, due a la chaleur resultante generee par les dechets nucleaires, et que les formations de schistes sont generalement anisotropes. JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, hhliu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 1525 EP - 1534 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 22 IS - 7 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Clays KW - Advection KW - Permeability KW - Solutes KW - Geology KW - Diffusion KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Clay KW - Water flow KW - Temperature KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Flow Discharge KW - Velocity KW - Tunnels KW - Stream flow KW - Shales KW - Behavior KW - Sedimentary rocks KW - Shale KW - Fluctuations KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676357369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=Non-Darcian+flow+in+low-permeability+media%3A+key+issues+related+to+geological+disposal+of+high-level+nuclear+waste+in+shale+formations&rft.au=Liu%2C+Hui-Hai&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Hui-Hai&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10040-014-1145-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Solutes; Permeability; Sedimentary rocks; Radioactive wastes; Tunnels; Shale; Stream flow; Hydraulics; Clay; Water flow; Temperature; Velocity; Diffusion; Geology; Advection; Radioactive Wastes; Shales; Behavior; Flow Discharge; Fluctuations; Clays DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-014-1145-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abiotic U(VI) reduction by aqueous sulfide AN - 1673365735; 2015-035743 AB - Reactions with aqueous sulfide are important in determining uranium (U) geochemistry under sulfate reducing conditions. This paper reports on abiotic reduction of U(VI) by aqueous sulfide under a range of experimental conditions using batch reactors. Dissolved U concentration was measured as a function of time to study the effects of chemical variables including pH, U(VI), S(-II), total dissolved carbonate (CARB = H (sub 2) CO (sub 3) (super *) + HCO (sub 3) (super -) + CO (sub 3) (super 2-) ), and Ca (super 2+) concentration on the U(VI) reduction rate. Solid phase reaction products were characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The chemical variables had impacts on the solid phase U(VI) reaction products as well as the reduction rates by aqueous sulfide. The solid U reaction product at circumneutral pH was identified as uraninite (UO (sub 2+) (sub x) (sub (s)) ). Under basic pH conditions, whether a precipitate occurred depended on Ca (super 2+) and CARB concentrations. U(VI) reduction was faster under higher S(-II) concentrations but was slowed by increased dissolved Ca (super 2+) or CARB concentration. In the absence of dissolved CARB and Ca (super 2+) , a rapid decrease in dissolved U concentration occurred at circumneutral pH, while virtually no decrease was observed at pH 10.7 within the experimental timeframe of two days. The U(VI) reduction rate was proportional to the total concentration of free uranyl plus its hydrolysis complexes even at minor to trace concentrations. Dissolved Ca (super 2+) and CARB slow abiotic U(VI) reduction by forming stable Ca-U(VI)-carbonato soluble complexes that are resistant to reaction with aqueous sulfide. U(VI) reduction was slow in a synthetic solution representative of groundwater at a uranium mill tailings site. This study illustrates that abiotic U reduction by aqueous sulfide can significantly vary under typical ranges of chemical conditions in groundwater and newly demonstrates the importance of dissolved Ca (super 2+) in the abiotic U(VI) reduction by aqueous sulfide. The results contribute to our understanding of the impact of sulfate reducing conditions on U speciation in groundwater systems undergoing bioreduction conversion of U(VI) to less mobile U(IV) solid phases. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Applied Geochemistry AU - Hyun, Sung Pil AU - Davis, James A AU - Hayes, Kim F Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 7 EP - 15 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York-Beijing VL - 50 SN - 0883-2927, 0883-2927 KW - liquid phase KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - solutes KW - fluid phase KW - aqueous solutions KW - solid phase KW - chemical reactions KW - water-rock interaction KW - phase equilibria KW - metals KW - EXAFS data KW - oxides KW - reduction KW - crystal chemistry KW - chemical composition KW - uraninite KW - sulfides KW - kinetics KW - carbonates KW - pH KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1673365735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Abiotic+U%28VI%29+reduction+by+aqueous+sulfide&rft.au=Hyun%2C+Sung+Pil%3BDavis%2C+James+A%3BHayes%2C+Kim+F&rft.aulast=Hyun&rft.aufirst=Sung&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Geochemistry&rft.issn=08832927&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apgeochem.2014.07.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08832927 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aqueous solutions; calcium; carbonates; chemical composition; chemical reactions; crystal chemistry; EXAFS data; experimental studies; fluid phase; kinetics; liquid phase; metals; oxides; pH; phase equilibria; reduction; solid phase; solutes; sulfides; uraninite; water-rock interaction; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.07.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in the economic value of wind energy and flexible resources at increasing penetration levels in the Rocky Mountain Power Area AN - 1642616518; 20809758 AB - We use a consistent economic framework to estimate the long-run economic value of wind while including operational constraints for conventional generation and hourly variation in wind and load. Day-ahead forecast errors in wind are corrected in the real-time, after commitment decisions for many thermal generators have already been made. The framework is used to estimate the change in the marginal economic value of wind with increasing penetration in the Rocky Mountain Power Area of the USA. We also evaluate the marginal economic benefit to wind energy of implementing several strategies to manage wind energy variability and uncertainty: more flexible conventional generation, real-time pricing, low cost bulk energy storage, and increased geographic diversity of wind plant siting. Without mitigation, the marginal economic value of wind is found to decrease by $21 MWh (37% of the marginal value of wind at 0% penetration) as wind penetration increases from 0% to 30%. The decline is largely because of the hourly profile of wind output and day-ahead wind energy forecast errors; factors whose impact is reduced by the mitigation strategies. With mitigation, the marginal value of wind at the 30% penetration level is $6-$11 MWh greater than the value without the measures (17-31% increase in value). Although the marginal value of wind energy decreases with increasing penetration in this region, several different types of mitigation strategies are available and should be investigated in more detail. Copyright copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Wind Energy AU - Mills, AD AU - Wiser, R H AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, MS90R4000, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 1711 EP - 1726 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 17 IS - 11 SN - 1095-4244, 1095-4244 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - North America, Rocky Mts. KW - Mountains KW - Storage KW - USA KW - Mitigation KW - Pricing KW - Wind energy KW - Energy KW - Economics KW - Wind KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642616518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wind+Energy&rft.atitle=Changes+in+the+economic+value+of+wind+energy+and+flexible+resources+at+increasing+penetration+levels+in+the+Rocky+Mountain+Power+Area&rft.au=Mills%2C+AD%3BWiser%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1711&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wind+Energy&rft.issn=10954244&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fwe.1663 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Storage; Mountains; Pricing; Mitigation; Wind energy; Energy; Economics; Wind; North America, Rocky Mts.; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/we.1663 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - (238)Pu elimination profiles after delayed treatment with 3,4,3LI(1,2HOPO) in female and male Swiss-Webster mice. AN - 1620021435; 24937372 AB - PURPOSETo characterize the dose-dependent and sex-related efficacy of the hydroxypyridinonate decorporation agent 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) at enhancing plutonium elimination when post-exposure treatment is delayed.MATERIALS AND METHODSSix parenteral dose levels of 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) from 1-300 μmol/kg were evaluated for decorporating plutonium in female and male Swiss-Webster mice administered a soluble citrate complex of (238)Pu and treated 24 hours later. Necropsies were scheduled at four time-points (2, 4, 8, and 15 days post-contamination) for the female groups and at three time-points (2, 4, and 8 days post-contamination) for the male groups.RESULTSElimination enhancement was dose-dependent in the 1-100 μmol/kg dose range at all necropsy time-points, with some significant reductions in full body and tissue content for both female and male animals. The highest dose level resulted in slight toxicity, with a short recovery period, which delayed excretion of the radionuclide.CONCLUSIONSWhile differences were noted between the female and male cohorts in efficacy range and recovery times, all groups displayed sustained dose-dependent (238)Pu elimination enhancement after delayed parenteral treatment with 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO), the actinide decorporation agent under development. JF - International journal of radiation biology AU - An, Dahlia D AU - Villalobos, Jonathan A AU - Morales-Rivera, Joel A AU - Rosen, Chris J AU - Bjornstad, Kathleen A AU - Gauny, Stacey S AU - Choi, Taylor A AU - Sturzbecher-Hoehne, Manuel AU - Abergel, Rebecca J AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California , USA. Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 1055 EP - 1061 VL - 90 IS - 11 KW - 1,5,10,14-tetra(1-hydroxy-2-pyridon-6-oyl)-1,5,10,14-tetraazatetradecane KW - 0 KW - Chelating Agents KW - Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring KW - Pyridones KW - Plutonium KW - 53023GN24M KW - 1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinone KW - YO3915897S KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Alpha emitters KW - radionuclides KW - radiation protection KW - plutonium KW - medical countermeasures KW - chelation therapy KW - Kidney -- radiation effects KW - Animals KW - Chelating Agents -- chemistry KW - Sex Factors KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Body Burden KW - Mice KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Liver -- radiation effects KW - Female KW - Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring -- chemistry KW - Pyridones -- chemistry KW - Plutonium -- adverse effects KW - Plutonium -- chemistry KW - Pyridones -- therapeutic use KW - Chelation Therapy -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1620021435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+radiation+biology&rft.atitle=%28238%29Pu+elimination+profiles+after+delayed+treatment+with+3%2C4%2C3LI%281%2C2HOPO%29+in+female+and+male+Swiss-Webster+mice.&rft.au=An%2C+Dahlia+D%3BVillalobos%2C+Jonathan+A%3BMorales-Rivera%2C+Joel+A%3BRosen%2C+Chris+J%3BBjornstad%2C+Kathleen+A%3BGauny%2C+Stacey+S%3BChoi%2C+Taylor+A%3BSturzbecher-Hoehne%2C+Manuel%3BAbergel%2C+Rebecca+J&rft.aulast=An&rft.aufirst=Dahlia&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1055&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+radiation+biology&rft.issn=1362-3095&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F09553002.2014.925150 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-01-02 N1 - Date created - 2014-11-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09553002.2014.925150 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feasible conversion of solid waste bauxite tailings into highly crystalline 4A zeolite with valuable application. AN - 1609309324; 25153822 AB - Bauxite tailings are a major type of solid wastes generated in the flotation process. The waste by-products caused significant environmental impact. To lessen this hazardous effect from poisonous mine tailings, a feasible and cost-effective solution was conceived and implemented. Our approach focused on reutilization of the bauxite tailings by converting it to 4A zeolite for reuse in diverse applications. Three steps were involved in the bauxite conversion: wet-chemistry, alkali fusion, and crystallization to remove impurities and to prepare porous 4A zeolite. It was found that the cubic 4A zeolite was single phase, in high purity, with high crystallinity and well-defined structure. Importantly, the 4A zeolite displayed maximum calcium ion exchange capacity averaged at 296 mg CaCO3/g, comparable to commercially-available zeolite (310 mg CaCO3/g) exchange capacity. Base on the optimal synthesis condition, the reaction yield of zeolite 4A from bauxite tailings achieved to about 38.43%, hence, this study will provide a new paradigm for remediation of bauxite tailings, further mitigating the environmental and health care concerns, particularly in the mainland of PR China. JF - Waste management (New York, N.Y.) AU - Ma, Dongyang AU - Wang, Zhendong AU - Guo, Min AU - Zhang, Mei AU - Liu, Jingbo AD - State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China. Electronic address: zhangmei@ustb.edu.cn. ; The Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA; The Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 2365 EP - 2372 VL - 34 IS - 11 KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Solid Waste KW - Zeolites KW - 1318-02-1 KW - Aluminum Oxide KW - LMI26O6933 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Crystallization KW - Bauxite tailings KW - Calcium ion exchange capacity KW - Alkali fusion KW - 4A zeolite KW - Calcium -- chemistry KW - Ion Exchange KW - Mining KW - Zeolites -- chemistry KW - Aluminum Oxide -- chemistry KW - Solid Waste -- analysis KW - Industrial Waste -- analysis KW - Recycling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1609309324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Feasible+conversion+of+solid+waste+bauxite+tailings+into+highly+crystalline+4A+zeolite+with+valuable+application.&rft.au=Ma%2C+Dongyang%3BWang%2C+Zhendong%3BGuo%2C+Min%3BZhang%2C+Mei%3BLiu%2C+Jingbo&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Dongyang&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+management+%28New+York%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=1879-2456&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.wasman.2014.07.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-06-12 N1 - Date created - 2014-10-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.07.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of nonionic surfactants for improvement of terpene production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. AN - 1609308366; 25149518 AB - To facilitate enzyme and pathway engineering, a selection was developed for improved sesquiterpene titers in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. α-Bisabolene, a candidate advanced biofuel, was found to protect yeast against the disruptive action of nonionic surfactants such as Tween 20 (T20). An experiment employing competition between two strains of yeast, one of which makes twice as much bisabolene as the other, demonstrated that growth in the presence of T20 provided sufficient selective pressure to enrich the high-titer strain to form 97% of the population. Following this, various methods were used to mutagenize the bisabolene synthase (BIS) coding sequence, coupled with selection by subculturing in the presence of T20. Mutagenesis targeting the BIS active site did not yield an improvement in bisabolene titers, although mutants were found which made a mixture of α-bisabolene and β-farnesene, another candidate biofuel. Based on evidence that the 3' end of the BIS mRNA may be unstable in yeast, we randomly recoded the last 20 amino acids of the enzyme and, following selection in T20, found a variant which increased specific production of bisabolene by more than 30%. Since T20 could enrich a mixed population, efficiently removing strains that produced little or no bisabolene, we investigated whether it could also be applied to sustain high product titers in a monoculture for an extended period. Cultures grown in the presence of T20 for 14 days produced bisabolene at titers up to 4-fold higher than cultures grown with an overlay of dodecane, used to sequester the terpene product, and 20-fold higher than cultures grown without dodecane. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Kirby, James AU - Nishimoto, Minobu AU - Chow, Ruthie W N AU - Pasumarthi, Venkata N AU - Chan, Rossana AU - Chan, Leanne Jade G AU - Petzold, Christopher J AU - Keasling, Jay D AD - California Institute of Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA. ; California Institute of Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. ; Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA. ; California Institute of Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA Department of Chemical Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA keasling@berkeley.edu. Y1 - 2014/11// PY - 2014 DA - November 2014 SP - 6685 EP - 6693 VL - 80 IS - 21 KW - Polysorbates KW - 0 KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins KW - Surface-Active Agents KW - Terpenes KW - Index Medicus KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins -- metabolism KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins -- genetics KW - Metabolic Engineering KW - Selection, Genetic KW - Mutagenesis KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- genetics KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- metabolism KW - Terpenes -- metabolism KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- enzymology KW - Surface-Active Agents -- metabolism KW - Polysorbates -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1609308366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Use+of+nonionic+surfactants+for+improvement+of+terpene+production+in+Saccharomyces+cerevisiae.&rft.au=Kirby%2C+James%3BNishimoto%2C+Minobu%3BChow%2C+Ruthie+W+N%3BPasumarthi%2C+Venkata+N%3BChan%2C+Rossana%3BChan%2C+Leanne+Jade+G%3BPetzold%2C+Christopher+J%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D&rft.aulast=Kirby&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=6685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=1098-5336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAEM.02155-14 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-06-05 N1 - Date created - 2014-10-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002 Dec;46(12):3695-705 [12435664] Biotechnol J. 2013 Dec;8(12):1435-44 [24227704] J Bacteriol. 1974 Nov;120(2):779-84 [4616948] Nature. 2006 Apr 13;440(7086):940-3 [16612385] Nature. 2006 Apr 20;440(7087):1078-82 [16495946] Nat Protoc. 2007;2(1):31-4 [17401334] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Oct;73(19):6277-83 [17693564] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jan 22;105(3):1085-90 [18198275] FEBS J. 2008 Apr;275(8):1852-9 [18336574] Nat Prod Rep. 2008 Aug;25(4):656-61 [18663389] Nat Chem Biol. 2008 Oct;4(10):617-23 [18776889] BMC Biotechnol. 2008;8:83 [18983675] Protein Eng Des Sel. 2009 Jul;22(7):401-11 [19502357] Phytochemistry. 2010 Sep;71(13):1466-73 [20594566] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Aug 3;107(31):13654-9 [20643967] Biotechnol Lett. 2011 Mar;33(3):509-15 [21063748] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Mar;77(5):1718-27 [21216900] Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2011 Jun;22(3):344-50 [21612911] Protein Eng Des Sel. 2011 Aug;24(8):607-16 [21729945] Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Sep;91(6):1593-600 [21687964] Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2011 Aug;21(4):473-80 [21684150] Nat Commun. 2011;2:483 [21952217] Structure. 2011 Dec 7;19(12):1876-84 [22153510] Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Apr;94(1):81-9 [22228260] Phytochemistry. 2012 Jun;78:20-8 [22459969] J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012;22(3):147-55 [22832812] Metab Eng. 2013 Jan;15:174-83 [22918085] Nature. 2013 Apr 25;496(7446):528-32 [23575629] Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2013 May 17;52(21):5571-4 [23532864] Genome Res. 2003 Sep;13(9):2042-51 [12952875] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02155-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy-work-based numerical manifold seepage analysis with an efficient scheme to locate the phreatic surface AN - 1629939338; 2014-099308 AB - A major challenge in seepage analysis is to locate the phreatic surface in an unconfined aquifer. The phreatic surface is unknown and assumed as a discontinuity separating the seepage domain into dry and wet parts, thus should be determined iteratively with special schemes. In this study, we systematically developed a new numerical manifold method (NMM) model for unconfined seepage analysis. The NMM is a general numerical method for modeling continuous and discontinuous deformation in a unified mathematical form. The novelty of our NMM model is rooted in the NMM two-cover-mesh system: the mathematical covers are fixed and the physical covers are adjusted with iterations to account for the discontinuity feature of the phreatic surface. We developed an energy-work seepage model, which accommodates flexible approaches for boundary conditions and provides a form consistent with that in mechanical analysis with clarified physical meaning of the potential energy. In the framework of this energy-work seepage model, we proposed a physical concept model (a pipe model) for constructing the penalty function used in the penalty method to uniformly deal with Dirichlet, Neumann, and material boundaries. The new NMM model was applied to study four example problems of unconfined seepage with varying geometric shape, boundary conditions, and material domains. The comparison of our simulation results to those of existing numerical models for these examples indicates that our NMM model can achieve a high accuracy and faster convergence speed with relatively coarse meshes. This NMM seepage model will be a key component of our future coupled hydro-mechanical NMM model. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics AU - Wang, Yuan AU - Hu, Mengsu AU - Zhou, Quanlin AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2014/10/25/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 25 SP - 1633 EP - 1650 PB - Wiley, Chichester VL - 38 IS - 15 SN - 0363-9061, 0363-9061 KW - embankments KW - hydraulics KW - numerical models KW - pumping KW - porous materials KW - seepage KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - flows KW - boundary element analysis KW - aquifers KW - finite element analysis KW - unconfined aquifers KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629939338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+for+Numerical+and+Analytical+Methods+in+Geomechanics&rft.atitle=Energy-work-based+numerical+manifold+seepage+analysis+with+an+efficient+scheme+to+locate+the+phreatic+surface&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yuan%3BHu%2C+Mengsu%3BZhou%2C+Quanlin%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yuan&rft.date=2014-10-25&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=1633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+for+Numerical+and+Analytical+Methods+in+Geomechanics&rft.issn=03639061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fnag.2280 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/3312/home LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; boundary element analysis; embankments; finite element analysis; flows; ground water; hydraulics; numerical models; permeability; porous materials; pumping; seepage; unconfined aquifers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.2280 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forest response to increased disturbance in the central Amazon and comparison to western Amazonian forests AN - 1627975230; 20942936 AB - Uncertainties surrounding vegetation response to increased disturbance rates associated with climate change remains a major global change issue for Amazonian forests. Additionally, turnover rates computed as the average of mortality and recruitment rates in the western Amazon basin are doubled when compared to the central Amazon, and notable gradients currently exist in specific wood density and aboveground biomass (AGB) between these two regions. This study investigates the extent to which the variation in disturbance regimes contributes to these regional gradients. To address this issue, we evaluated disturbance-recovery processes in a central Amazonian forest under two scenarios of increased disturbance rates using first ZELIG-TROP, a dynamic vegetation gap model which we calibrated using long-term inventory data, and second using the Community Land Model (CLM), a global land surface model that is part of the Community Earth System Model (CESM). Upon doubling the mortality rate in the central Amazon to mirror the natural disturbance regime in the western Amazon of similar to 2% mortality, the two regions continued to differ in multiple forest processes. With the inclusion of elevated natural disturbances, at steady state, AGB significantly decreased by 41.9% with no significant difference between modeled AGB and empirical AGB from the western Amazon data sets (104 vs. 107 Mg C ha-1, respectively). However, different processes were responsible for the reductions in AGB between the models and empirical data set. The empirical data set suggests that a decrease in wood density is a driver leading to the reduction in AGB. While decreased stand basal area was the driver of AGB loss in ZELIG-TROP, a forest attribute that does not significantly vary across the Amazon Basin. Further comparisons found that stem density, specific wood density, and basal area growth rates differed between the two Amazonian regions. Last, to help quantify the impacts of increased disturbances on the climate and earth system, we evaluated the fidelity of tree mortality and disturbance in CLM. Similar to ZELIG-TROP, CLM predicted a net carbon loss of 49.9%, with an insignificant effect on aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP). Decreased leaf area index (LAI) was the driver of AGB loss in CLM, another forest attribute that does not significantly vary across the Amazon Basin, and the temporal variability in carbon stock and fluxes was not replicated in CLM. Our results suggest that (1) the variability between regions cannot be entirely explained by the variability in disturbance regime, but rather potentially sensitive to intrinsic environmental factors; or (2) the models are not accurately simulating all tropical forest characteristics in response to increased disturbances. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Holm, J A AU - Chambers, J Q AU - Collins, W D AU - Higuchi, N AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2014/10/20/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 20 SP - 5773 EP - 5794 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 11 IS - 20 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Natural disturbance KW - Trees KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Basins KW - Forests KW - Environmental factors KW - Models KW - Carbon KW - Growth rate KW - Leaf area KW - Mortality KW - Inventories KW - Data processing KW - Recruitment KW - Climate KW - Wood KW - Vegetation KW - Biomass KW - Tropical forests KW - Fidelity KW - South America, Amazon R. KW - Tropical environments KW - Disturbance KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627975230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Forest+response+to+increased+disturbance+in+the+central+Amazon+and+comparison+to+western+Amazonian+forests&rft.au=Holm%2C+J+A%3BChambers%2C+J+Q%3BCollins%2C+W+D%3BHiguchi%2C+N&rft.aulast=Holm&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2014-10-20&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=5773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Fbg-11-5773-2014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Natural disturbance; Growth rate; Inventories; Mortality; Leaf area; Data processing; Trees; Climate; Recruitment; Climatic changes; Forests; Basins; Vegetation; Biomass; Environmental factors; Models; Fidelity; Carbon; Disturbance; Climate change; Wood; Tropical forests; Tropical environments; South America, Amazon R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5773-2014 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Predictive Understanding of Subsurface Biogeochemical Functioning: Using Genomes to Inform Watershed-Scale Models T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (GSA 2014) AN - 1645182180; 6317810 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (GSA 2014) AU - Long, Philip AU - Hubbard, Susan AU - Banfield, Jillian AU - Beller, Harry AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Nico, Peter AU - Steefel, Carl AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu AU - Williams, Kenneth AU - Agarwal, Deborah Y1 - 2014/10/19/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 19 KW - Genomes KW - Prediction KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645182180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28GSA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Predictive+Understanding+of+Subsurface+Biogeochemical+Functioning%3A+Using+Genomes+to+Inform+Watershed-Scale+Models&rft.au=Long%2C+Philip%3BHubbard%2C+Susan%3BBanfield%2C+Jillian%3BBeller%2C+Harry%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BSteefel%2C+Carl%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth%3BAgarwal%2C+Deborah&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2014-10-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28GSA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2014AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Depth- and Time-Resolved Temperature of the Vadose Zone and a Shallow Alluvial Aquifer beneath a Colorado River Floodplain T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (GSA 2014) AN - 1645179758; 6317850 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (GSA 2014) AU - Faybishenko, Boris AU - Long, Philip AU - Williams, Kenneth AU - Potter, Benjamin AU - Versteeg, Roelof AU - Yabusaki, Steven AU - Tokunaga, Tetsu Y1 - 2014/10/19/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 19 KW - Rivers KW - Aquifers KW - Temperature effects KW - Aquifer KW - USA, Colorado R. KW - Flood plains UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645179758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28GSA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Depth-+and+Time-Resolved+Temperature+of+the+Vadose+Zone+and+a+Shallow+Alluvial+Aquifer+beneath+a+Colorado+River+Floodplain&rft.au=Faybishenko%2C+Boris%3BLong%2C+Philip%3BWilliams%2C+Kenneth%3BPotter%2C+Benjamin%3BVersteeg%2C+Roelof%3BYabusaki%2C+Steven%3BTokunaga%2C+Tetsu&rft.aulast=Faybishenko&rft.aufirst=Boris&rft.date=2014-10-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28GSA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2014AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Long-Lived Structural Discontinuities as Guides for Geothermal Exploration T2 - 2014 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (GSA 2014) AN - 1645168653; 6316576 JF - 2014 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (GSA 2014) AU - Siler, Drew AU - Kennedy, B Y1 - 2014/10/19/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 19 KW - Exploration KW - Geothermal exploration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645168653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28GSA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Long-Lived+Structural+Discontinuities+as+Guides+for+Geothermal+Exploration&rft.au=Siler%2C+Drew%3BKennedy%2C+B&rft.aulast=Siler&rft.aufirst=Drew&rft.date=2014-10-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+%28GSA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2014AM/webprogram/start.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air and water flows induced by pumping tests in unconfined aquifers with low-permeability zones AN - 1623263883; 2014-089419 AB - Air flows from the atmosphere into an unconfined aquifer when the water table falls during pumping tests. Pumping test results in unconfined aquifers may be significantly affected by low-permeability zones (LPZs) near the initial water table position, because they restrict the downward movement of air. A transient, three-dimensional air-water two-phase flow model is employed to investigate numerically the effects of local heterogeneity on pumping test results in unconfined aquifers. Two cases of local heterogeneities are considered herein: a LPZ around the pumping well and on one side of the pumping well. Results show that the drawdown with the LPZ is significantly greater than that of the homogeneous aquifer. The differences in drawdown are the most significant at intermediate times and gradually diminish at later times. The LPZ significantly reduces air flow from the atmosphere to the aquifer. The pore air velocity in the LPZ is very low. The air pressure at the observation point under the LPZ when air begins to enter is significantly lower than the air pressure of the homogeneous aquifer at the same point. After that, the air pressure increases quickly and then increases slowly. The time for the air pressure to reach the atmospheric pressure is significantly longer. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Kuang, Xingxing AU - Jiao, Jiu Jimmy AU - Zhang, Keni AU - Mao, Deqiang Y1 - 2014/10/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 15 SP - 5450 EP - 5464 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, New York, NY VL - 28 IS - 21 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - numerical models KW - unsaturated zone KW - fluid flow KW - mathematical models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - pump tests KW - drawdown KW - sensitivity analysis KW - digital simulation KW - multiphase flow KW - air KW - unconfined aquifers KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623263883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Air+and+water+flows+induced+by+pumping+tests+in+unconfined+aquifers+with+low-permeability+zones&rft.au=Kuang%2C+Xingxing%3BJiao%2C+Jiu+Jimmy%3BZhang%2C+Keni%3BMao%2C+Deqiang&rft.aulast=Kuang&rft.aufirst=Xingxing&rft.date=2014-10-15&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=5450&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fhyp.10058 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4125 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; aquifers; digital simulation; drawdown; fluid flow; ground water; mathematical models; multiphase flow; numerical models; permeability; pump tests; sensitivity analysis; unconfined aquifers; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10058 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Massive isotopic effect in vacuum UV photodissociation of N (sub 2) and implications for meteorite data AN - 1832639035; 740571-2 JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Chakraborty, Subrata AU - Muskatel, B H AU - Jackson, Teresa L AU - Ahmed, Musahid AU - Levine, R D AU - Thiemens, Mark H Y1 - 2014/10/14/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 14 SP - 14704 EP - 14709 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 111 IS - 41 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832639035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Massive+isotopic+effect+in+vacuum+UV+photodissociation+of+N+%28sub+2%29+and+implications+for+meteorite+data&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+Subrata%3BMuskatel%2C+B+H%3BJackson%2C+Teresa+L%3BAhmed%2C+Musahid%3BLevine%2C+R+D%3BThiemens%2C+Mark+H&rft.aulast=Chakraborty&rft.aufirst=Subrata&rft.date=2014-10-14&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=41&rft.spage=14704&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1410440111 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/content/by/year LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1410440111 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vanadium dioxide nanowire-based microthermometer for quantitative evaluation of electron beam heating. AN - 1612288506; 25307160 AB - Temperature measurement is critical for many technological applications and scientific experiments, and different types of thermometers have been developed to detect temperature at macroscopic length scales. However, quantitative measurement of the temperature of nanostructures remains a challenge. Here, we show a new type of microthermometer based on a vanadium dioxide nanowire. Its mechanism is derived from the metal-insulator transition of vanadium dioxide at 68 °C. As our results demonstrate, this microthermometer can serve as a thermal flow meter to investigate sample heating from the incident electron beam using a transmission electron microscope. Owing to its small size the vanadium dioxide nanowire-based microthermometer has a large measurement range and high sensitivity, making it a good candidate to explore the temperature environment of small spaces or to monitor the temperature of tiny, nanoscale objects. JF - Nature communications AU - Guo, H AU - Khan, M I AU - Cheng, C AU - Fan, W AU - Dames, C AU - Wu, J AU - Minor, A M AD - 1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2014/10/13/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Oct 13 SP - 4986 VL - 5 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1612288506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+communications&rft.atitle=Vanadium+dioxide+nanowire-based+microthermometer+for+quantitative+evaluation+of+electron+beam+heating.&rft.au=Guo%2C+H%3BKhan%2C+M+I%3BCheng%2C+C%3BFan%2C+W%3BDames%2C+C%3BWu%2C+J%3BMinor%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2014-10-13&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=4986&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+communications&rft.issn=2041-1723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fncomms5986 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-05-12 N1 - Date created - 2014-10-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5986 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reflective 'cool' roofs under aerosol-burdened skies: radiative benefits across selected Indian cities AN - 1776658778; PQ0002757360 AB - The use of reflective surfaces offers one low-cost solution for reducing solar loading to urban environments and the Earth that should be considered as part of sustainable urban design. Here, we characterize the radiative benefits, i.e. the additional shortwave radiation leaving the atmosphere, from the installation of highly reflective 'cool' roofs in urban areas in India that face relatively large local aerosol burdens. We use a previously tested column radiative transfer model to estimate the energy per unit area reflected to space from increasing the surface albedo at six cities within India. The model is used to characterize radiative transfer each day over five years (2008-2012) based on mid-day satellite retrievals of MODIS aerosol depth, cloud water path, and average surface albedo and MERRA atmospheric profiles of temperature and composition. Last, we identify a co-benefit of improving air quality, in that removing aerosols from the atmosphere could increase the radiative benefits from cool roofs by 23-74%, with the largest potential increase found at Delhi and the smallest change found at Nainital. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Millstein, D E AU - Fischer, M L AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, dmillstein@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 10 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Satellite design KW - Remote sensing KW - Environmental research KW - Air quality KW - Atmosphere KW - Urban planning KW - Cities KW - Radiation KW - India, Delhi KW - MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) KW - Urban areas KW - Aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Albedo KW - Water content of clouds KW - Temperature KW - Satellites KW - Clouds KW - Radiative transfer models KW - Satellite data KW - Energy KW - Radiative transfer KW - Urban environment KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776658778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Reflective+%27cool%27+roofs+under+aerosol-burdened+skies%3A+radiative+benefits+across+selected+Indian+cities&rft.au=Millstein%2C+D+E%3BFischer%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Millstein&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F9%2F10%2F104014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Satellite design; Radiative transfer models; Satellite data; Atmospheric pollution; Radiation; Water content of clouds; Albedo; MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer); Air quality; Environmental research; Radiative transfer; Urban environment; Aerosols; Remote sensing; Temperature; Atmosphere; Satellites; Urban planning; Clouds; Cities; Energy; Urban areas; India, Delhi DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/10/104014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs; an overview AN - 1680751565; 2015-041390 AB - In this overview we report results of analysing induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs in various tectonic settings within the framework of the European Geothermal Engineering Integrating Mitigation of Induced Seismicity in Reservoirs (GEISER) project. In the reconnaissance phase of a field, the subsurface fault mapping, in situ stress and the seismic network are of primary interest in order to help assess the geothermal resource. The hypocentres of the observed seismic events (seismic cloud) are dependent on the design of the installed network, the used velocity model and the applied location technique. During the stimulation phase, the attention is turned to reservoir hydraulics (e.g., fluid pressure, injection volume) and its relation to larger magnitude seismic events, their source characteristics and occurrence in space and time. A change in isotropic components of the full waveform moment tensor is observed for events close to the injection well (tensile character) as compared to events further away from the injection well (shear character). Tensile events coincide with high Gutenberg-Richter b-values and low Brune stress drop values. The stress regime in the reservoir controls the direction of the fracture growth at depth, as indicated by the extent of the seismic cloud detected. Stress magnitudes are important in multiple stimulation of wells, where little or no seismicity is observed until the previous maximum stress level is exceeded (Kaiser Effect). Prior to drilling, obtaining a 3D P-wave (Vp) and S-wave velocity (Vs) model down to reservoir depth is recommended. In the stimulation phase, we recommend to monitor and to locate seismicity with high precision (decametre) in real-time and to perform local 4D tomography for velocity ratio (Vp/Vs). During exploitation, one should use observed and model induced seismicity to forward estimate seismic hazard so that field operators are in a position to adjust well hydraulics (rate and volume of the fluid injected) when induced events start to occur far away from the boundary of the seismic cloud. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Zang, Arno AU - Oye, Volker AU - Jousset, Philippe AU - Deichmann, Nicholas AU - Gritto, Roland AU - McGarr, Art AU - Majer, Ernest AU - Bruhn, David Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 6 EP - 21 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 52 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - P-waves KW - well stimulation KW - Berlin El Salvador KW - Europe KW - elastic waves KW - Bas-Rhin France KW - Switzerland KW - France KW - seismicity KW - El Salvador KW - Central Europe KW - seismic risk KW - Paralana Australia KW - focus KW - Australia KW - induced earthquakes KW - body waves KW - Western Europe KW - Soultz-sous-Forets France KW - Australasia KW - strength KW - stress KW - Gutenberg-Richter relation KW - geothermal engineering KW - geothermal energy KW - case studies KW - Basel Switzerland KW - geothermal exploration KW - fluid pressure KW - velocity structure KW - reservoir properties KW - seismic waves KW - earthquakes KW - Central America KW - S-waves KW - crust KW - 19:Seismology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1680751565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+induced+seismicity+in+geothermal+reservoirs%3B+an+overview&rft.au=Zang%2C+Arno%3BOye%2C+Volker%3BJousset%2C+Philippe%3BDeichmann%2C+Nicholas%3BGritto%2C+Roland%3BMcGarr%2C+Art%3BMajer%2C+Ernest%3BBruhn%2C+David&rft.aulast=Zang&rft.aufirst=Arno&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2014.06.005 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 151 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; Bas-Rhin France; Basel Switzerland; Berlin El Salvador; body waves; case studies; Central America; Central Europe; crust; earthquakes; El Salvador; elastic waves; Europe; fluid pressure; focus; France; geothermal energy; geothermal engineering; geothermal exploration; Gutenberg-Richter relation; induced earthquakes; P-waves; Paralana Australia; reservoir properties; S-waves; seismic risk; seismic waves; seismicity; Soultz-sous-Forets France; strength; stress; Switzerland; velocity structure; well stimulation; Western Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.06.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable biofunctionalization of hydroxyapatite (HA) surfaces by HA-binding/osteogenic modular peptides for inducing osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells AN - 1654684487; 20924741 AB - Hydroxyapatite (HA), the principal component of bone mineral, shows osteoconductive properties when employed for coating metal implants as well as scaffold materials in synthetic bone grafts. With the goal of providing this material with osteoinductive capabilities to promote faster bone regeneration, we show an easy approach to functionalize HA implant surfaces and enrich them with osteoinductive properties by the use of HA-binding modular peptides. The modular peptides are designed as a combination of two domains, an HA-binding peptide motif and an osteogenic peptide motif derived from the osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) or bone morphometric protein 7 (BMP-7). To identify the best HA-binding peptide, several nature-inspired peptides derived from natural bone extracellular matrix proteins (bone sialoprotein, osteonectin, osteocalcin, and salivarin statherin) were compared for HA-binding activity, revealing concentration-dependent and incubation-time-dependent behaviours. We discovered that a Poly-E heptamer (E7) is the best HA-binding peptide, and thus combined it with a second osteogenic peptidic domain to create an osteoinductive modular peptide. After binding/release characterization, we found that the addition of the second osteogenic peptide domain did not change the binding profile of the modular peptides and caused only a slight change in their release kinetics. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on the HA substrates functionalized with modular peptides, and cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation in a basal medium (i.e., without any osteogenic supplements) were investigated. Gene expression data clearly showed that MSCs were committed to differentiate into osteoblasts in the presence of the modular peptides. HA discs functionalized with the E7 BMP-7 modular peptide showed the best capability in inducing the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs among all modular peptides studied. The modular peptides can easily be used to functionalize the HA implants through its constituent HA-binding motif, leaving the osteogenic peptide motif protruding from the surface for inducing osteogenesis. Our work opens up a new approach to the formulation of new bioactive HA coatings and implants for bone and dental repair. JF - Biomaterials Science AU - Polini, Alessandro AU - Wang, Jianglin AU - Bai, Hao AU - Zhu, Ye AU - P Tomsia, Antoni AU - Mao, Chuanbin AD - Materials Sciences Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA 94720; USA; , alessandro.polini@radboudumc.nl Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - Oct 2014 SP - 1779 EP - 1786 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 2 IS - 12 SN - 2047-4830, 2047-4830 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bone morphogenetic protein 7 KW - Osteocalcin KW - Bone grafts KW - Bone growth KW - Bone matrix KW - Cell adhesion KW - Bone healing KW - Gene expression KW - Hydroxyapatite KW - Differentiation KW - Stem cells KW - Kinetics KW - Regeneration KW - Osteonectin KW - Bone implants KW - Mesenchyme KW - Cell proliferation KW - Coatings KW - Osteogenesis KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1654684487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials+Science&rft.atitle=Stable+biofunctionalization+of+hydroxyapatite+%28HA%29+surfaces+by+HA-binding%2Fosteogenic+modular+peptides+for+inducing+osteogenic+differentiation+of+mesenchymal+stem+cells&rft.au=Polini%2C+Alessandro%3BWang%2C+Jianglin%3BBai%2C+Hao%3BZhu%2C+Ye%3BP+Tomsia%2C+Antoni%3BMao%2C+Chuanbin&rft.aulast=Polini&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1779&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials+Science&rft.issn=20474830&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4bm00164h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bone morphogenetic protein 7; Osteocalcin; Bone growth; Bone grafts; Bone matrix; Cell adhesion; Gene expression; Bone healing; Differentiation; Hydroxyapatite; Stem cells; Kinetics; Regeneration; Osteonectin; Cell proliferation; Mesenchyme; Bone implants; Osteogenesis; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4bm00164h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Periodic behavior of soil CO (sub 2) emissions in diffuse degassing areas of the Azores Archipelago; application to seismovolcanic monitoring AN - 1645573775; 2015-007475 AB - Time series of soil CO (sub 2) efflux recorded in the Azores archipelago volcanic-hydrothermal areas feature daily and seasonal variations. The recorded CO (sub 2) efflux values were lower during summer than in the winter season. The diurnal CO (sub 2) efflux values were higher at dawn and lower in the early afternoon, contrary to that observed in biogenic environments. CO (sub 2) efflux cycles correlated well with the environmental variables, such as air temperature, wind speed, and barometric pressure, which also showed low- and high-frequency periodicities. Several simulations were performed here using the Transport of Unsaturated Groundwater and Heat 2 (TOUGH2) geothermal simulator to complement the study of Rinaldi et al. (2012). The effects of the water table depth, air temperature perturbation amplitude, and soil thermal gradient contributed to an explanation of the contrasts observed in the diurnal (S (sub 1) ) and semidiurnal (S (sub 2) ) soil CO (sub 2) efflux peaks for the different monitoring sites and seasons. Filtering techniques (multivariate regression analysis and fast Fourier transform filters) were also applied to the recorded time series to remove effects of external variables on the soil CO (sub 2) efflux. The resulting time series (the residuals) correspond to the best approach to the deep-seated (volcanic/hydrothermal) CO (sub 2) emissions and thus should be used in seismovolcanic monitoring programs. Even if no evident correlation can be established yet between the soil CO (sub 2) residuals and seismicity over the monitored time, a seismic swarm that occurred around the end of 2008 might have triggered some deviations from the observed daily cycles. Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Viveiros, Fatima AU - Vandemeulebrouck, Jean AU - Rinaldi, Antonio P AU - Ferreira, Teresa AU - Silva, Catarina AU - Cruz, Jose V Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 7578 EP - 7597 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 119 IS - 10 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - hydrothermal vents KW - ground water KW - geochemical cycle KW - gases KW - carbon dioxide KW - Atlantic Ocean Islands KW - water table KW - seismicity KW - volcanism KW - carbon KW - volcanic earthquakes KW - seasonal variations KW - carbon cycle KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - earthquakes KW - Azores KW - 19:Seismology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Periodic+behavior+of+soil+CO+%28sub+2%29+emissions+in+diffuse+degassing+areas+of+the+Azores+Archipelago%3B+application+to+seismovolcanic+monitoring&rft.au=Viveiros%2C+Fatima%3BVandemeulebrouck%2C+Jean%3BRinaldi%2C+Antonio+P%3BFerreira%2C+Teresa%3BSilva%2C+Catarina%3BCruz%2C+Jose+V&rft.aulast=Viveiros&rft.aufirst=Fatima&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=7578&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2014JB011118 L2 - http://onlineLibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292169-9100 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean Islands; Azores; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; chemical composition; earthquakes; gases; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; ground water; hydrology; hydrothermal vents; monitoring; seasonal variations; seismicity; soils; volcanic earthquakes; volcanism; water table DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011118 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Time-Dependent Risk Assessment for Broken Compact Fluorescent Lamps AN - 1635017966; 21009394 AB - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ambient air quality guidelines are meant to limit long-term exposures of toxins to safe levels. Unfortunately, there is little guidance for what constitutes a safe level from a one-time (or very infrequent) short exposure(s). In the case of mercury, a review of the derivation of the EPA ambient air quality standard shows that it implicitly assumes a tissue burden model. The time dependence of the tissue burden is commonly described in terms of a half-life, a modeling assumption that presumes that the decline in the tissue burden after a single exposure can be approximately described as an exponential decay. In this article, we use a simple exponential tissue burden model to derive a time-dependent no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) for mercury concentrations in air. The model predicts that tissue body burden will asymptotically approach the EPA air quality level for long exposure times, and reach workplace standard levels for exposures of a few hours. The model was used along with data on mercury levels from experimental work done by the Maine Department of Environmental Protection to evaluate the risks from a broken compact fluorescent lamp in a residential setting. Mercury levels approached the NOAEL only when the debris was left in an almost sealed room. Normal common-sense cleaning measures: removal of debris to an outside area, and ventilation of the room for several minutes, reduced exposures to less than 1% of the NOAEL. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Clear, Robert AU - Rubinstein, Francis AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA (retired). Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 1957 EP - 1967 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 34 IS - 10 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Risk analysis KW - Body burden KW - Ventilation KW - Guidelines KW - Air quality KW - Toxins KW - Environmental protection KW - Air quality standards KW - EPA KW - Reviews KW - Mercury KW - USA, Maine KW - Decay KW - Side effects KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1635017966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=A+Time-Dependent+Risk+Assessment+for+Broken+Compact+Fluorescent+Lamps&rft.au=Clear%2C+Robert%3BRubinstein%2C+Francis&rft.aulast=Clear&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1957&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Frisa.12229 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Risk analysis; Body burden; Ventilation; Guidelines; Air quality; Environmental protection; Toxins; Air quality standards; EPA; Reviews; Mercury; Decay; Side effects; USA, Maine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/risa.12229 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trona at extreme conditions; a pollutant-sequestering material at high pressures and low temperatures AN - 1629939434; 2014-099430 AB - Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of trona, Na (sub 3) CO (sub 3) HCO (sub 3) .2H (sub 2) O, was measured between 100 and 340 K at ambient pressures, and the infrared and Raman spectra of this material characterized to approximately 25 GPa. The thermal expansion of trona is greatest in the b direction, which is due to a particularly large expansion of the long Na (sub 2) -O (sub 1) and the short Na (sub 2) -O (sub 4) bonds within the sodium septahedron in the trona structure. This crystallographic direction is associated with the distance between neighboring carbonate groups and neighboring water molecules within the structure. The dimensions of the carbonate group undergo no systematic changes over this temperature range, and the disordered hydrogen atom within the structure does not order at temperatures down to 100 K. Thus, detailed changes in the geometry of the sodium polyhedra primarily modulate the response of trona to decreases in temperature. The infrared and Raman spectra undergo discontinuous and reversible changes at approximately 7 and approximately 14.5 GPa: the former of these phase transitions is likely associated with a shift primarily in the sodium-oxygen polyhedra, while the latter also involves shifts in bonding of the carbonate groups. New assignments are suggested for portions of the vibrational spectrum based on the high-pressure results. Resonance effects between different vibrational modes are observed, including the observation of a transmission maximum associated with a resonant interaction between the carbonate symmetric stretching vibration and a broad mode at similar frequencies. The behavior of trona under extreme conditions is useful for understanding CO (sub 2) -vapor-saturated alkali-rich systems, and late-stage peralkaline magmatic processes and, in its usage as both a sorbent and scrubber of SO (sub 2) and CO (sub 2) in flue gasses and lignite coals. JF - American Mineralogist AU - O'Bannon, Earl, III AU - Beavers, Christine M AU - Williams, Quentin Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 1973 EP - 1984 PB - Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC VL - 99 IS - 10 SN - 0003-004X, 0003-004X KW - sulfur dioxide KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - bonding KW - adsorption KW - high pressure KW - temperature KW - gases KW - carbon dioxide KW - Raman spectra KW - polyhedra KW - absorbent materials KW - single-crystal method KW - materials KW - phase equilibria KW - low temperature KW - spectra KW - waste disposal KW - carbonates KW - trona KW - 01C:Mineralogy of non-silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629939434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Mineralogist&rft.atitle=Trona+at+extreme+conditions%3B+a+pollutant-sequestering+material+at+high+pressures+and+low+temperatures&rft.au=O%27Bannon%2C+Earl%2C+III%3BBeavers%2C+Christine+M%3BWilliams%2C+Quentin&rft.aulast=O%27Bannon&rft.aufirst=Earl&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1973&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Mineralogist&rft.issn=0003004X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2138%2Fam-2014-4919 L2 - http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/AmMin/TOC/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 62 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - CODEN - AMMIAY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorbent materials; adsorption; bonding; carbon dioxide; carbonates; experimental studies; gases; high pressure; low temperature; materials; phase equilibria; polyhedra; pressure; Raman spectra; single-crystal method; spectra; sulfur dioxide; temperature; trona; waste disposal; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2014-4919 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The stress state of the northwest Geysers, California geothermal field, and implications for fault-controlled fluid flow AN - 1623271961; 2014-091585 AB - A dataset comprised of well-constrained focal mechanisms for 6147 earthquakes recorded in the northwest Geysers geothermal field during the period of 2005-2012 was utilized to conduct a detailed stress study within and below the geothermal reservoir. The high-quality focal mechanisms were organized into grid blocks of varying size using a 3D octree gridding algorithm in which discretization was governed by data density. This method allows for separate inversions of contiguous blocks of seismicity at a relatively fine scale. We obtained the three principal stress orientations for every grid block containing at least 25 events by inverting for the best-fit stress tensor within each grid block. The principal stress orientations were used to determine which of the two nodal planes for each focal mechanism had the highest ratio of resolved shear-to-normal stresses and was thus more likely to be the fault plane. We found a normal/strike-slip faulting regime (S (sub Hmax) nearly equal S (sub v) >S (sub hmin) ) both within and below the reservoir, consistent with the extensional and strike-slip tectonics in the region surrounding The Geysers. In addition, an average S (sub Hmax) orientation of N26 degrees E was obtained for the studied crustal volume. These observations suggest that injection and production activities over the past 50+ years do not appear to have significantly affected the local stress field. The presumed fault planes are steeply dipping with northeast-southwest to east-west strike directions suggesting that these are the principal flow directions both within the low matrix permeability graywacke reservoir and in the wholly concealed granitic pluton (locally referred to as the felsite) basement below. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Boyle, Katie AU - Zoback, Mark Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 2303 EP - 2312 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - United States KW - focal mechanism KW - seismic moment KW - stress KW - basement KW - slip rates KW - strike-slip faults KW - reservoir rocks KW - California KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - sedimentary rocks KW - seismicity KW - normal faults KW - shear KW - graywacke KW - algorithms KW - earthquakes KW - clastic rocks KW - permeability KW - faults KW - 19:Seismology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623271961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=The+stress+state+of+the+northwest+Geysers%2C+California+geothermal+field%2C+and+implications+for+fault-controlled+fluid+flow&rft.au=Boyle%2C+Katie%3BZoback%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Boyle&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2F0120130284 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; basement; California; clastic rocks; earthquakes; faults; focal mechanism; geothermal fields; graywacke; normal faults; permeability; reservoir rocks; sedimentary rocks; seismic moment; seismicity; shear; slip rates; stress; strike-slip faults; The Geysers; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120130284 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards an Informative Mutant Phenotype for Every Bacterial Gene AN - 1622603527; 20856300 AB - Mutant phenotypes provide strong clues to the functions of the underlying genes and could allow annotation of the millions of sequenced yet uncharacterized bacterial genes. However, it is not known how many genes have a phenotype under laboratory conditions, how many phenotypes are biologically interpretable for predicting gene function, and what experimental conditions are optimal to maximize the number of genes with a phenotype. To address these issues, we measured the mutant fitness of 1,586 genes of the ethanol-producing bacterium Zymomonas mobilis ZM4 across 492 diverse experiments and found statistically significant phenotypes for 89% of all assayed genes. Thus, in Z. mobilis, most genes have a functional consequence under laboratory conditions. We demonstrate that 41% of Z. mobilis genes have both a strong phenotype and a similar fitness pattern (cofitness) to another gene, and are therefore good candidates for functional annotation using mutant fitness. Among 502 poorly characterized Z. mobilis genes, we identified a significant cofitness relationship for 174. For 57 of these genes without a specific functional annotation, we found additional evidence to support the biological significance of these gene-gene associations, and in 33 instances, we were able to predict specific physiological or biochemical roles for the poorly characterized genes. Last, we identified a set of 79 diverse mutant fitness experiments in Z. mobilis that are nearly as biologically informative as the entire set of 492 experiments. Therefore, our work provides a blueprint for the functional annotation of diverse bacteria using mutant fitness. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Deutschbauer, Adam AU - Price, Morgan N AU - Wetmore, Kelly M AU - Tarjan, Daniel R AU - Xu, Zhuchen AU - Shao, Wenjun AU - Leon, Dacia AU - Arkin, Adam P AU - Skerker, Jeffrey M AD - Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA, skerker@berkeley.edu. Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 3643 EP - 3655 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 196 IS - 20 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Fitness KW - Bacteria KW - Statistical analysis KW - Zymomonas mobilis KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1622603527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Towards+an+Informative+Mutant+Phenotype+for+Every+Bacterial+Gene&rft.au=Deutschbauer%2C+Adam%3BPrice%2C+Morgan+N%3BWetmore%2C+Kelly+M%3BTarjan%2C+Daniel+R%3BXu%2C+Zhuchen%3BShao%2C+Wenjun%3BLeon%2C+Dacia%3BArkin%2C+Adam+P%3BSkerker%2C+Jeffrey+M&rft.aulast=Deutschbauer&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=196&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=3643&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FJB.01836-14 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fitness; Statistical analysis; Bacteria; Zymomonas mobilis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.01836-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-financed efficiency incentives: case study of Mexico AN - 1611618610; 20705882 AB - Numerous countries use public funds to subsidize residential electricity for a variety of socioeconomic objectives. These subsidies lower the value of energy efficiency to the consumer while raising it for the government. Further, while it would be especially helpful to have stringent Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) for end uses in this environment, they are hard to strengthen without imposing a cost on ratepayers. In this second-best world, where the presence of subsidies limits the government's ability to strengthen standards, we find that efficiency-induced savings in subsidy payments can be a significant source of financing for energy efficiency incentive programs. Here, we introduce the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) Energy Efficiency Revenue Analysis (LEERA) model to estimate the greatest appliance efficiency improvements that can be achieved in Mexico by the revenue neutral financing of incentive programs from savings in subsidy payments yielded by the same efficiency improvements. We analyze Mexico's tariff structures and the long-run marginal cost of supply to calculate the marginal savings for the government from appliance efficiency. We find that these avoided subsidy payments alone can provide enough revenue to cover the full incremental manufacturing cost of refrigerators that are 29 % more efficient and televisions that are 36 % more efficient than baseline models. For room air conditioners (ACs), the same source of financing can contribute up to one third of the incremental manufacturing cost of a model that is 10 % more efficient than baseline. We analyze the sensitivity of our results to the most important parameters and find our main conclusion that efficiency-induced avoided subsidy payments will contribute significantly to financing efficiency incentive programs in Mexico to be significant and robust. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Gopal, Anand R AU - Leventis, Gregory AU - Phadke, Amol AU - de la Rue du Can, Stephane AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, argopal@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - Oct 2014 SP - 865 EP - 877 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Sensitivity KW - Funds KW - Financing KW - Air conditioning KW - Socioeconomics KW - Incentives KW - Mexico KW - Case studies KW - Energy KW - Television KW - Subsidies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1611618610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Self-financed+efficiency+incentives%3A+case+study+of+Mexico&rft.au=Gopal%2C+Anand+R%3BLeventis%2C+Gregory%3BPhadke%2C+Amol%3Bde+la+Rue+du+Can%2C+Stephane&rft.aulast=Gopal&rft.aufirst=Anand&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=865&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-014-9263-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity; Energy efficiency; Funds; Case studies; Financing; Air conditioning; Energy; Television; Socioeconomics; Subsidies; Incentives; Mexico DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-014-9263-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficiency improvement opportunities for televisions in India: implications for market transformation programs AN - 1611613494; 20705874 AB - Televisions (TVs) account for a significant portion of residential appliance electricity consumption in India, and TV shipments in India are expected to continue to increase. We assess the market trends in the energy efficiency of TVs that are likely to occur without any additional policy intervention and estimate that TV efficiency will likely improve with saving potential of 6 terawatt-hours (TWh) per year in 2020, compared to today's technology. We discuss various energy-efficiency improvement options and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of three of them, at least one of which improves efficiency by at least 20 % cost-effectively beyond these ongoing market trends. We provide insights for policies and programs that can be used to accelerate the adoption of efficient technologies to capture the cost-effective energy savings potential from TVs which we estimate to be 3.4 TWh per year in 2020. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Park, Won Young AU - Phadke, Amol AU - Shah, Nihar AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, WYPark@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - Oct 2014 SP - 811 EP - 832 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Economics KW - Television KW - Energy conservation KW - Intervention KW - Cost benefit analysis KW - India KW - Technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1611613494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Efficiency+improvement+opportunities+for+televisions+in+India%3A+implications+for+market+transformation+programs&rft.au=Park%2C+Won+Young%3BPhadke%2C+Amol%3BShah%2C+Nihar&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Won&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=811&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-014-9255-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Television; Economics; Energy conservation; Intervention; Cost benefit analysis; Technology; India DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-014-9255-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomimetic nanostructuring of copper thin films enhances adhesion to the negative electrode laminate in lithium-ion batteries. AN - 1567050164; 25139044 AB - Thin films of copper are widely used as current collectors for the negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. However, a major cause of battery failure is delamination between the current collector and the graphite anode. When silicon or tin is used as active material, delamination becomes a key issue owing to the large volume changes of these materials during lithation and delithation processes. Learning from Nature, we developed a new biomimetic approach based on the adhesion properties of the feet of geckos. The biomimetic approach improves adhesion between the laminate and the copper surface by introducing an array of Cu(OH)2 nanorods, which increases the surface area of the current collector. When graphite anode laminate is casted onto regular and a modified copper surfaces, the modified current collector displays superior adhesion to graphite and the PVDF binder-based electrode. The electrochemical performance of the batteries using these electrodes is not compromised by the additional chemistry of the Cu(OH)2 on the copper surface. The technique can lead to enhanced battery lifetimes over long-term cycling. JF - ChemSusChem AU - Zheng, Ziyan AU - Wang, Zhihui AU - Song, Xiangyun AU - Xun, Shidi AU - Battaglia, Vincent AU - Liu, Gao AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA); Department of Chemical and Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA). Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 2853 EP - 2858 VL - 7 IS - 10 KW - Graphite KW - 7782-42-5 KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Lithium KW - 9FN79X2M3F KW - Index Medicus KW - electrodes KW - lithium-ion batteries KW - copper KW - adhesion KW - nanostructures KW - Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared KW - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission KW - Electrodes KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Electric Power Supplies KW - Lithium -- chemistry KW - Graphite -- chemistry KW - Biomimetics KW - Copper -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567050164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ChemSusChem&rft.atitle=Biomimetic+nanostructuring+of+copper+thin+films+enhances+adhesion+to+the+negative+electrode+laminate+in+lithium-ion+batteries.&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Ziyan%3BWang%2C+Zhihui%3BSong%2C+Xiangyun%3BXun%2C+Shidi%3BBattaglia%2C+Vincent%3BLiu%2C+Gao&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Ziyan&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ChemSusChem&rft.issn=1864-564X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcssc.201402543 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-06-01 N1 - Date created - 2014-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201402543 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of inoculum source on the enrichment of microbial communities on two lignocellulosic bioenergy crops under thermophilic and high-solids conditions AN - 1566843990; 20739140 AB - Culturing compost-derived microbial communities on biofuel feedstocks under industrial conditions is a technique to enrich for organisms and lignocellulolytic enzymes for bioenergy feedstock deconstruction. In this study, microbial communities from green waste compost (GWC) and grape pomace compost (GPC) were cultured on switchgrass and eucalyptus to observe the impact of inoculation on feedstock decomposition and microbial community structure. Respiration was monitored as a measure of microbial activity, and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to characterize microbial community structure. The enriched community structure and respiration were influenced by the choice of feedstock, compost type, and application of thermophilic, high-solids conditions. However, the effect of compost source was significantly less than the effects of the other culture variables. Although there are subtle differences in potentially lignocellulolytic taxa between GPC- and GWC-derived communities, these differences do not affect the decomposition rates for these communities on switchgrass or eucalyptus. These results are useful for designing future experiments to discover lignocellulolytic micro-organisms from compost. They suggest that such work may be better served by deemphasizing screening of compost sources and instead focusing on how compost-derived communities adapt to the feedstocks and process conditions relevant to biofuel production. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Simmons, C W AU - Reddy AU - Simmons, BA AU - Singer, S W AU - VanderGheynst, J S AD - Joint BioEnergy Institute Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 1025 EP - 1034 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 VL - 117 IS - 4 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Compost KW - Fuel technology KW - Composts KW - Respiration KW - Wastes KW - Enzymes KW - Microbial activity KW - Decomposition KW - Crops KW - Eucalyptus KW - Community structure KW - Inoculum KW - Inoculation KW - Taxa KW - Vitaceae KW - rRNA 16S KW - Biofuels KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - J 02420:Plant Diseases KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - W 30935:Food Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566843990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+inoculum+source+on+the+enrichment+of+microbial+communities+on+two+lignocellulosic+bioenergy+crops+under+thermophilic+and+high-solids+conditions&rft.au=Simmons%2C+C+W%3BReddy%3BSimmons%2C+BA%3BSinger%2C+S+W%3BVanderGheynst%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1025&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fjam.12609 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Composts; Community structure; Respiration; Inoculation; Inoculum; Wastes; Enzymes; rRNA 16S; Decomposition; Crops; Biofuels; Compost; Fuel technology; Taxa; Microbial activity; Vitaceae; Eucalyptus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.12609 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A novel low energy electron microscope for DNA sequencing and surface analysis. AN - 1552804745; 24524867 AB - Monochromatic, aberration-corrected, dual-beam low energy electron microscopy (MAD-LEEM) is a novel technique that is directed towards imaging nanostructures and surfaces with sub-nanometer resolution. The technique combines a monochromator, a mirror aberration corrector, an energy filter, and dual beam illumination in a single instrument. The monochromator reduces the energy spread of the illuminating electron beam, which significantly improves spectroscopic and spatial resolution. Simulation results predict that the novel aberration corrector design will eliminate the second rank chromatic and third and fifth order spherical aberrations, thereby improving the resolution into the sub-nanometer regime at landing energies as low as one hundred electron-Volts. The energy filter produces a beam that can extract detailed information about the chemical composition and local electronic states of non-periodic objects such as nanoparticles, interfaces, defects, and macromolecules. The dual flood illumination eliminates charging effects that are generated when a conventional LEEM is used to image insulating specimens. A potential application for MAD-LEEM is in DNA sequencing, which requires high resolution to distinguish the individual bases and high speed to reduce the cost. The MAD-LEEM approach images the DNA with low electron impact energies, which provides nucleobase contrast mechanisms without organometallic labels. Furthermore, the micron-size field of view when combined with imaging on the fly provides long read lengths, thereby reducing the demand on assembling the sequence. Experimental results from bulk specimens with immobilized single-base oligonucleotides demonstrate that base specific contrast is available with reflected, photo-emitted, and Auger electrons. Image contrast simulations of model rectangular features mimicking the individual nucleotides in a DNA strand have been developed to translate measurements of contrast on bulk DNA to the detectability of individual DNA bases in a sequence. JF - Ultramicroscopy AU - Mankos, M AU - Shadman, K AU - Persson, H H J AU - N'Diaye, A T AU - Schmid, A K AU - Davis, R W AD - Electron Optica Inc., 1000 Elwell Court ♯110, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA. Electronic address: marian@electronoptica.com. ; Electron Optica Inc., 1000 Elwell Court ♯110, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA. ; Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 855 California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. ; Electron Optica Inc., 1000 Elwell Court ♯110, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA; NCEM, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; NCEM, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2014/10// PY - 2014 DA - October 2014 SP - 36 EP - 49 VL - 145 KW - DNA, B-Form KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Dual beam illumination KW - Monochromator KW - Low energy electron microscopy KW - Energy filtering KW - Contrast KW - DNA Sequencing KW - Aberration correction KW - Computer Simulation KW - Electrons KW - Optical Devices KW - DNA, B-Form -- chemistry KW - Equipment Design KW - Photoelectron Spectroscopy KW - DNA, B-Form -- ultrastructure KW - High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing -- methods KW - Optical Phenomena KW - High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing -- statistics & numerical data KW - High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing -- instrumentation KW - Surface Properties KW - Nanostructures KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA -- statistics & numerical data KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA -- methods KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA -- instrumentation KW - Microscopy, Electron -- instrumentation KW - Microscopy, Electron -- statistics & numerical data KW - Microscopy, Electron -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1552804745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ultramicroscopy&rft.atitle=A+novel+low+energy+electron+microscope+for+DNA+sequencing+and+surface+analysis.&rft.au=Mankos%2C+M%3BShadman%2C+K%3BPersson%2C+H+H+J%3BN%27Diaye%2C+A+T%3BSchmid%2C+A+K%3BDavis%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Mankos&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-10-01&rft.volume=145&rft.issue=&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ultramicroscopy&rft.issn=1879-2723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ultramic.2014.01.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-09-28 N1 - Date created - 2014-08-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Ultramicroscopy. 2013 Jul;130:13-28 [23582636] Microsc Microanal. 2012 Oct;18(5):1049-53 [23046798] Nat Nanotechnol. 2008 Mar;3(3):163-7 [18654489] Nature. 1953 Apr 25;171(4356):737-8 [13054692] J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Apr 30;125(17):5219-26 [12708875] Biophys J. 2001 Feb;80(2):882-93 [11159455] Scanning Microsc. 1994;8(3):471-8; discussion 478-80 [7747152] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2014.01.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral transformation controls speciation and pore fluid transmission of contaminants in waste-weathered Hanford sediments AN - 1623259206; 2014-089267 AB - Portions of the Hanford Site (WA, USA) vadose zone were subjected to weathering by caustic solutions during documented releases of high level radioactive waste (containing Sr, Cs and I) from leaking underground storage tanks. Previous studies have shown that waste-sediment interactions can promote variable incorporation of contaminants into neo-formed mineral products (including feldspathoids and zeolites), but processes regulating the subsequent contaminant release from these phases into infiltrating background pore waters remain poorly known. In this paper, reactive transport experiments were conducted with Hanford sediments previously weathered for one year in simulated hyper-alkaline waste solutions containing high or low (super 88) Sr, (super 127) I, and (super 133) Cs concentrations, with or without CO (sub 2(aq)) . These waste-weathered sediments were leached in flow-through column experiments with simulated background pore water (characteristic of meteoric recharge) to measure contaminant release from solids formed during waste-sediment interaction. Contaminant sorption-desorption kinetics and mineral transformation reactions were both monitored using continuous-flow and wet-dry cycling regimes for ca. 300 pore volumes. Less than 20% of contaminant (super 133) Cs and (super 88) Sr mass and less than 40% (super 127) I mass were released over the course of the experiment. To elucidate molecular processes limiting contaminant release, reacted sediments were studied with micro- (TEM and XRD) and molecular- (Sr K-edge EXAFS) scale methods. Contaminant dynamics in column experiments were principally controlled by rapid dissolution of labile solids and competitive exchange reactions. In initially feldspathoidic systems, time-dependent changes in the local zeolitic bonding environment observed with X-ray diffraction and EXAFS are responsible for limiting contaminant release. Linear combination fits and shell-by-shell analysis of Sr K-edge EXAFS data revealed modification in Sr-Si/Al distances within the zeolite cage. Wet-dry cycling did not affect significantly molecular-scale transformations relative to continuous-flow controls. Results indicate that contaminants bound to the solid phase in distinct micro- and molecular-scale coordinative environments can generate similar macro-scale release behaviors, highlighting the need for multi-scale interrogations to constrain mechanisms of reactive transport. Data also indicate that weathering-induced change in ion exchange selectivity coefficients should be incorporated in simulations of contaminant release from caustic high-level radioactive waste impacted sediments. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Perdrial, Nicolas AU - Thompson, Aaron AU - O'Day, Peggy A AU - Steefel, Carl I AU - Chorover, Jon Y1 - 2014/09/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Sep 15 SP - 487 EP - 507 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 141 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - alteration KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - isotopes KW - underground storage tanks KW - waste disposal sites KW - fluid phase KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - weathered materials KW - sediments KW - molecular dynamics KW - mineral assemblages KW - pH KW - alkaline earth metals KW - experimental studies KW - Washington KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Hanford Site KW - TEM data KW - transmissivity KW - pore fluids KW - metals KW - sedimentary petrology KW - EXAFS data KW - waste disposal KW - transformations KW - crystal chemistry KW - strontium KW - chemical fractionation KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623259206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Mineral+transformation+controls+speciation+and+pore+fluid+transmission+of+contaminants+in+waste-weathered+Hanford+sediments&rft.au=Perdrial%2C+Nicolas%3BThompson%2C+Aaron%3BO%27Day%2C+Peggy+A%3BSteefel%2C+Carl+I%3BChorover%2C+Jon&rft.aulast=Perdrial&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft.date=2014-09-15&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.06.022 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; alteration; cesium; chemical fractionation; crystal chemistry; EXAFS data; experimental studies; fluid phase; ground water; Hanford Site; hazardous waste; isotopes; metals; mineral assemblages; molecular dynamics; pH; pollutants; pollution; pore fluids; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sedimentary petrology; sediments; strontium; TEM data; transformations; transmissivity; underground storage tanks; United States; Washington; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; weathered materials; X-ray diffraction data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.06.022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-lapse pre-stack seismic data registration and inversion for CO (sub 2) sequestration study at Cranfield AN - 1832599403; 712016-7 AB - Pre-stack seismic data are indicative of subsurface elastic properties within the amplitude versus offset characteristic and can be used to detect elastic rock property changes caused by (sub math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="urn:x-wiley:00168025:gpr12114:equation:gpr12114-math-0002" wiley:location="equation/gpr12114-math-0002.png" (super (sub mrow (super (sub mi (super C (sub /mi (super (sub msub (super (sub mi (super O (sub /mi (super (sub mn (super 2 (sub /mn (super (sub /msub (super (sub /mrow (super (sub /math (super injection. We perform time-lapse pre-stack 3-D seismic data analysis for monitoring (sub math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="urn:x-wiley:00168025:gpr12114:equation:gpr12114-math-0003" wiley:location="equation/gpr12114-math-0003.png" (super (sub mrow (super (sub mi (super C (sub /mi (super (sub msub (super (sub mi (super O (sub /mi (super (sub mn (super 2 (sub /mn (super (sub /msub (super (sub /mrow (super (sub /math (super sequestration at Cranfield. The time-lapse amplitude differences of Cranfield datasets are found entangled with time-shifts. To disentangle these two characters, we apply a local-correlation-based warping method to register the time-lapse pre-stack datasets, which can effectively separate the time-shift from the time-lapse seismic amplitude difference without changing the original amplitudes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our registration method by evaluating the inverted elastic properties. These inverted time-lapse elastic properties can be reliably used for monitoring (sub math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" altimg="urn:x-wiley:00168025:gpr12114:equation:gpr12114-math-0004" wiley:location="equation/gpr12114-math-0004.png" (super (sub mrow (super (sub mi (super C (sub /mi (super (sub msub (super (sub mi (super O (sub /mi (super (sub mn (super 2 (sub /mn (super (sub /msub (super (sub /mrow (super (sub /math (super plumes. Abstract Copyright (2014), European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers. JF - Geophysical Prospecting AU - Zhang, Rui AU - Song, Xiaolei AU - Fomel, Sergey AU - Sen, Mrinal K AU - Srinivasan, Sanjay Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 1028 EP - 1039 PB - Blackwell on behalf of the European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers (EAGE), Houten VL - 62 IS - 5 SN - 0016-8025, 0016-8025 KW - United States KW - petroleum engineering KW - AVO methods KW - carbon sequestration KW - Cranfield Field KW - natural gas KW - elastic properties KW - Mississippi KW - geophysical methods KW - petroleum KW - mathematical models KW - enhanced recovery KW - fluid dynamics KW - seismic migration KW - seismic methods KW - Adams County Mississippi KW - fluid injection KW - time-lapse methods KW - reservoir properties KW - prestack migration KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832599403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.atitle=Time-lapse+pre-stack+seismic+data+registration+and+inversion+for+CO+%28sub+2%29+sequestration+study+at+Cranfield&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Rui%3BSong%2C+Xiaolei%3BFomel%2C+Sergey%3BSen%2C+Mrinal+K%3BSrinivasan%2C+Sanjay&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Rui&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1028&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Prospecting&rft.issn=00168025&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2F1365-2478.12114 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - CODEN - GPPRAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Mississippi; AVO methods; carbon sequestration; Cranfield Field; elastic properties; enhanced recovery; fluid dynamics; fluid injection; geophysical methods; mathematical models; Mississippi; natural gas; petroleum; petroleum engineering; prestack migration; reservoir properties; seismic methods; seismic migration; time-lapse methods; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12114 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nanodiamond-rich layer across three continents consistent with major cosmic impact at 12,800 cal BP AN - 1800397393; 2016-056011 AB - A major cosmic-impact event has been proposed at the onset of the Younger Dryas (YD) cooling episode at nearly equal 12,800 + or - 150 years before present, forming the YD Boundary (YDB) layer, distributed over >50 million km (super 2) on four continents. In 24 dated stratigraphic sections in 10 countries of the Northern Hemisphere, the YDB layer contains a clearly defined abundance peak in nanodiamonds (NDs), a major cosmic-impact proxy. Observed ND polytypes include cubic diamonds, lonsdaleite-like crystals, and diamond-like carbon nanoparticles, called n-diamond and i-carbon. The ND abundances in bulk YDB sediments ranged up to nearly equal 500 ppb (mean: 200 ppb) and that in carbon spherules up to nearly equal 3700 ppb (mean: nearly equal 750 ppb); 138 of 205 sediment samples (67%) contained no detectable NDs. Isotopic evidence indicates that YDB NDs were produced from terrestrial carbon, as with other impact diamonds, and were not derived from the impactor itself. The YDB layer is also marked by abundance peaks in other impact-related proxies, including cosmic-impact spherules, carbon spherules (some containing NDs), iridium, osmium, platinum, charcoal, aciniform carbon (soot), and high-temperature melt-glass. This contribution reviews the debate about the presence, abundance, and origin of the concentration peak in YDB NDs. We describe an updated protocol for the extraction and concentration of NDs from sediment, carbon spherules, and ice, and we describe the basis for identification and classification of YDB ND polytypes, using nine analytical approaches. The large body of evidence now obtained about YDB NDs is strongly consistent with an origin by cosmic impact at nearly equal 12,800 cal BP and is inconsistent with formation of YDB NDs by natural terrestrial processes, including wildfires, anthropogenesis, and/or influx of cosmic dust. JF - Journal of Geology AU - Kinzie, Charles R AU - Que Hee, Shane S AU - Stich, Adrienne AU - Tague, Kevin A AU - Mercer, Chris AU - Razink, Joshua J AU - Kennett, Douglas J AU - DeCarli, Paul S AU - Bunch, Ted E AU - Wittke, James H AU - Israde-Alcantara, Isabel AU - Bischoff, James L AU - Goodyear, Albert C AU - Tankersley, Kenneth B AU - Kimbel, David R AU - Culleton, Brendan J AU - Erlandson, Jon M AU - Stafford, Thomas W AU - Kloosterman, Johan B AU - Moore, Andrew M T AU - Firestone, Richard B AU - Tortosa, J E Aura AU - Pardo, J F Jorda AU - West, Allen AU - Kennett, James P AU - Wolbach, Wendy S Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 475 EP - 506 PB - University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL VL - 122 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1376, 0022-1376 KW - Quaternary KW - amorphous materials KW - native elements KW - impacts KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Weichselian KW - Weichselian KW - carbon KW - diamond KW - Pleistocene KW - Northern Hemisphere KW - Younger Dryas KW - chemical composition KW - spherules KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1800397393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geology&rft.atitle=Nanodiamond-rich+layer+across+three+continents+consistent+with+major+cosmic+impact+at+12%2C800+cal+BP&rft.au=Kinzie%2C+Charles+R%3BQue+Hee%2C+Shane+S%3BStich%2C+Adrienne%3BTague%2C+Kevin+A%3BMercer%2C+Chris%3BRazink%2C+Joshua+J%3BKennett%2C+Douglas+J%3BDeCarli%2C+Paul+S%3BBunch%2C+Ted+E%3BWittke%2C+James+H%3BIsrade-Alcantara%2C+Isabel%3BBischoff%2C+James+L%3BGoodyear%2C+Albert+C%3BTankersley%2C+Kenneth+B%3BKimbel%2C+David+R%3BCulleton%2C+Brendan+J%3BErlandson%2C+Jon+M%3BStafford%2C+Thomas+W%3BKloosterman%2C+Johan+B%3BMoore%2C+Andrew+M+T%3BFirestone%2C+Richard+B%3BTortosa%2C+J+E+Aura%3BPardo%2C+J+F+Jorda%3BWest%2C+Allen%3BKennett%2C+James+P%3BWolbach%2C+Wendy+S&rft.aulast=Kinzie&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geology&rft.issn=00221376&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F677046 L2 - http://www.jstor.org/journal/jgeology LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - JGEOAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amorphous materials; carbon; Cenozoic; chemical composition; diamond; impacts; native elements; Northern Hemisphere; Pleistocene; Quaternary; spherules; upper Pleistocene; upper Weichselian; Weichselian; Younger Dryas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/677046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of climate extremes on gross primary production under global warming AN - 1776648007; PQ0002738994 AB - The impacts of historical droughts and heat-waves on ecosystems are often considered indicative of future global warming impacts, under the assumption that water stress sets in above a fixed high temperature threshold. Historical and future (RCP8.5) Earth system model (ESM) climate projections were analyzed in this study to illustrate changes in the temperatures for onset of water stress under global warming. The ESMs examined here predict sharp declines in gross primary production (GPP) at warm temperature extremes in historical climates, similar to the observed correlations between GPP and temperature during historical heat-waves and droughts. The local temperature optimum can be understood as the temperature at which the combination of water stress and light limitations is minimized, and this concept gives insights into how GPP responds to climate extremes in both historical and future climate periods. Both cold and warm relative temperature extremes become more persistent in future climate projections, and the time taken to return to locally optimal climates for GPP following climate extremes increases by more than 25% over many land regions. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Williams I, N AU - Torn, M S AU - Riley, W J AU - Wehner, M F AD - Climate Sciences Department, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley, National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA, inwilliams@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 9 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Climate models KW - Ecosystems KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Temperature KW - Correlations KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Environmental research KW - Drought KW - Primary production KW - Temperature extremes KW - High temperatures KW - Water stress KW - High temperature KW - Global warming KW - Droughts KW - Future climates KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1776648007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+climate+extremes+on+gross+primary+production+under+global+warming&rft.au=Williams+I%2C+N%3BTorn%2C+M+S%3BRiley%2C+W+J%3BWehner%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Williams+I&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F9%2F9%2F094011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - High temperatures; Climate models; Ecosystems; Correlations; Global warming; Environmental research; Drought; Primary production; Temperature extremes; Future climates; Historical account; Water stress; High temperature; Climate change; Climate; Temperature; Greenhouse effect; Droughts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/9/094011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination; IV, Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy analyses of impact features in the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector AN - 1696876720; 2015-068962 AB - We report the quantitative characterization by synchrotron soft X-ray spectroscopy of 31 potential impact features in the aerogel capture medium of the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector. Samples were analyzed in aerogel by acquiring high spatial resolution maps and high energy-resolution spectra of major rock-forming elements Mg, Al, Si, Fe, and others. We developed diagnostic screening tests to reject spacecraft secondary ejecta and terrestrial contaminants from further consideration as interstellar dust candidates. The results support an extraterrestrial origin for three interstellar candidates: I1043,1,30 (Orion) is a 3 pg particle with Mg-spinel, forsterite, and an iron-bearing phase. I1047,1,34 (Hylabrook) is a 4 pg particle comprising an olivine core surrounded by low-density, amorphous Mg-silicate and amorphous Fe, Cr, and Mn phases. I1003,1,40 (Sorok) has the track morphology of a high-speed impact, but contains no detectable residue that is convincingly distinguishable from the background aerogel. Twenty-two samples with an anthropogenic origin were rejected, including four secondary ejecta from impacts on the Stardust spacecraft aft solar panels, nine ejecta from secondary impacts on the Stardust Sample Return Capsule, and nine contaminants lacking evidence of an impact. Other samples in the collection included I1029,1,6, which contained surviving solar system impactor material. Four samples remained ambiguous: I1006,2,18, I1044,2,32, and I1092,2,38 were too dense for analysis, and we did not detect an intact projectile in I1044,3,33. We detected no radiation effects from the synchrotron soft X-ray analyses; however, we recorded the effects of synchrotron hard X-ray radiation on I1043,1,30 and I1047,1,34. Abstract Copyright The Meteoritical Society, 2014. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Butterworth, Anna L AU - Westphal, Andrew J AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Gainsforth, Zack AU - Stodolna, Julien AU - Frank, David R AU - Allen, Carlton AU - Anderson, David AU - Ansari, Asna AU - Bajt, Sasa AU - Bastien, Ron K AU - Bassim, Nabil AU - Bechtel, Hans A AU - Borg, Janet AU - Brenker, Frank E AU - Bridges, John AU - Brownlee, Donald E AU - Burchell, Mark AU - Burghammer, Manfred AU - Changela, Hitesh AU - Cloetens, Peter AU - Davis, Andrew M AU - Doll, Ryan AU - Floss, Christine AU - Flynn, George J AU - Gruen, Eberhard AU - Heck, Philipp R AU - Hillier, Jon K AU - Hoppe, Peter AU - Hudson, Bruce AU - Huth, Joachim AU - Hvide, Brit AU - Kearsley, Anton AU - King, Ashley J AU - Lai, Barry AU - Leitner, Jan AU - Lemelle, Laurence AU - Leroux, Hugues AU - Leonard, Ariel AU - Lettieri, Robert AU - Marchant, William AU - Nittler, Larry R AU - Ogliore, Ryan AU - Ong, Wei Ja AU - Postberg, Frank AU - Price, Mark C AU - Sandford, Scott A AU - Tresserras, Juan-Angel Sans AU - Schmitz, Sylvia AU - Schoonjans, Tom AU - Silversmit, Geert AU - Simionovici, Alexandre S AU - Sole, Vicente A AU - Srama, Ralf AU - Stadermann, Frank J AU - Stephan, Thomas AU - Sterken, Veerle J AU - Stroud, Rhonda M AU - Sutton, Steven AU - Trieloff, Mario AU - Tsou, Peter AU - Tsuchiyama, Akira AU - Vekemans, Bart AU - Vincze, Laszlo AU - Von Korff, Joshua AU - Wordsworth, Naomi AU - Zevin, Daniel AU - Zolensky, Michael E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 1562 EP - 1593 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 49 IS - 9 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - silicates KW - particle tracks KW - magnesium KW - magnesian silicates KW - impact features KW - characterization KW - scanning transmission X-ray microscopy KW - olivine group KW - silicon KW - iron KW - XANES spectra KW - quantitative analysis KW - Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination KW - aluminum KW - orthosilicates KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - interstellar dust KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Stardust Mission KW - amorphous materials KW - trajectories KW - spinel KW - ejecta KW - X-ray spectra KW - forsterite KW - nesosilicates KW - Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector KW - cosmic dust KW - metals KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696876720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Stardust+Interstellar+Preliminary+Examination%3B+IV%2C+Scanning+transmission+X-ray+microscopy+analyses+of+impact+features+in+the+Stardust+Interstellar+Dust+Collector&rft.au=Butterworth%2C+Anna+L%3BWestphal%2C+Andrew+J%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BGainsforth%2C+Zack%3BStodolna%2C+Julien%3BFrank%2C+David+R%3BAllen%2C+Carlton%3BAnderson%2C+David%3BAnsari%2C+Asna%3BBajt%2C+Sasa%3BBastien%2C+Ron+K%3BBassim%2C+Nabil%3BBechtel%2C+Hans+A%3BBorg%2C+Janet%3BBrenker%2C+Frank+E%3BBridges%2C+John%3BBrownlee%2C+Donald+E%3BBurchell%2C+Mark%3BBurghammer%2C+Manfred%3BChangela%2C+Hitesh%3BCloetens%2C+Peter%3BDavis%2C+Andrew+M%3BDoll%2C+Ryan%3BFloss%2C+Christine%3BFlynn%2C+George+J%3BGruen%2C+Eberhard%3BHeck%2C+Philipp+R%3BHillier%2C+Jon+K%3BHoppe%2C+Peter%3BHudson%2C+Bruce%3BHuth%2C+Joachim%3BHvide%2C+Brit%3BKearsley%2C+Anton%3BKing%2C+Ashley+J%3BLai%2C+Barry%3BLeitner%2C+Jan%3BLemelle%2C+Laurence%3BLeroux%2C+Hugues%3BLeonard%2C+Ariel%3BLettieri%2C+Robert%3BMarchant%2C+William%3BNittler%2C+Larry+R%3BOgliore%2C+Ryan%3BOng%2C+Wei+Ja%3BPostberg%2C+Frank%3BPrice%2C+Mark+C%3BSandford%2C+Scott+A%3BTresserras%2C+Juan-Angel+Sans%3BSchmitz%2C+Sylvia%3BSchoonjans%2C+Tom%3BSilversmit%2C+Geert%3BSimionovici%2C+Alexandre+S%3BSole%2C+Vicente+A%3BSrama%2C+Ralf%3BStadermann%2C+Frank+J%3BStephan%2C+Thomas%3BSterken%2C+Veerle+J%3BStroud%2C+Rhonda+M%3BSutton%2C+Steven%3BTrieloff%2C+Mario%3BTsou%2C+Peter%3BTsuchiyama%2C+Akira%3BVekemans%2C+Bart%3BVincze%2C+Laszlo%3BVon+Korff%2C+Joshua%3BWordsworth%2C+Naomi%3BZevin%2C+Daniel%3BZolensky%2C+Michael+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Butterworth&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmaps.12220 L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aluminum; amorphous materials; characterization; cosmic dust; ejecta; forsterite; impact features; interstellar dust; iron; magnesian silicates; magnesium; metals; nesosilicates; olivine group; orthosilicates; oxides; particle tracks; quantitative analysis; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy; silicates; silicon; spectra; spinel; Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector; Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination; Stardust Mission; trajectories; X-ray spectra; XANES spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maps.12220 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination; III, Infrared spectroscopic analysis of interstellar dust candidates AN - 1696875753; 2015-068961 AB - Under the auspices of the Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination, picokeystones extracted from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector were examined with synchrotron Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy to establish whether they contained extraterrestrial organic material. The picokeystones were found to be contaminated with varying concentrations and speciation of organics in the native aerogel, which hindered the search for organics in the interstellar dust candidates. Furthermore, examination of the picokeystones prior to and post X-ray microprobe analyses yielded evidence of beam damage in the form of organic deposition or modification, particularly with hard X-ray synchrotron X-ray fluorescence. From these results, it is clear that considerable care must be taken to interpret any organics that might be in interstellar dust particles. For the interstellar candidates examined thus far, however, there is no clear evidence of extraterrestrial organics associated with the track and/or terminal particles. However, we detected organic matter associated with the terminal particle in Track 37, likely a secondary impact from the Al-deck of the sample return capsule, demonstrating the ability of synchrotron FTIR to detect organic matter in small particles within picokeystones from the Stardust interstellar dust collector. Abstract Copyright The Meteoritical Society, 2014. JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Bechtel, Hans A AU - Flynn, George J AU - Allen, Carlton AU - Anderson, David AU - Ansari, Asna AU - Bajt, Sasa AU - Bastien, Ron K AU - Bassim, Nabil AU - Borg, Janet AU - Brenker, Frank E AU - Bridges, John AU - Brownlee, Donald E AU - Burchell, Mark AU - Burghammer, Manfred AU - Butterworth, Anna L AU - Changela, Hitesh AU - Cloetens, Peter AU - Davis, Andrew M AU - Doll, Ryan AU - Floss, Christine AU - Frank, David R AU - Gainsforth, Zack AU - Gruen, Eberhard AU - Heck, Philipp R AU - Hillier, Jon K AU - Hoppe, Peter AU - Hudson, Bruce AU - Huth, Joachim AU - Hvide, Brit AU - Kearsley, Anton AU - King, Ashley J AU - Lai, Barry AU - Leitner, Jan AU - Lemelle, Laurence AU - Leroux, Hugues AU - Leonard, Ariel AU - Lettieri, Robert AU - Marchant, William AU - Nittler, Larry R AU - Ogliore, Ryan AU - Ong, Wei Ja AU - Postberg, Frank AU - Price, Mark C AU - Sandford, Scott A AU - Tresserras, Juan-Angel Sans AU - Schmitz, Sylvia AU - Schoonjans, Tom AU - Silversmit, Geert AU - Simionovici, Alexandre S AU - Sole, Vicente A AU - Srama, Ralf AU - Stadermann, Frank J AU - Stephan, Thomas AU - Sterken, Veerle J AU - Stodolna, Julien AU - Stroud, Rhonda M AU - Sutton, Steven AU - Trieloff, Mario AU - Tsou, Peter AU - Tsuchiyama, Akira AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Vekemans, Bart AU - Vincze, Laszlo AU - Von Korff, Joshua AU - Westphal, Andrew J AU - Wordsworth, Naomi AU - Zevin, Daniel AU - Zolensky, Michael E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 1548 EP - 1561 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 49 IS - 9 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - methods KW - particle tracks KW - Stardust Mission KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - picokeystones KW - infrared spectra KW - synchrotron radiation KW - FTIR spectra KW - organic compounds KW - cosmic dust KW - detection KW - Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination KW - carbon KW - hydrocarbons KW - aerogel KW - spectra KW - organic carbon KW - interstellar dust KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1696875753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Stardust+Interstellar+Preliminary+Examination%3B+III%2C+Infrared+spectroscopic+analysis+of+interstellar+dust+candidates&rft.au=Bechtel%2C+Hans+A%3BFlynn%2C+George+J%3BAllen%2C+Carlton%3BAnderson%2C+David%3BAnsari%2C+Asna%3BBajt%2C+Sasa%3BBastien%2C+Ron+K%3BBassim%2C+Nabil%3BBorg%2C+Janet%3BBrenker%2C+Frank+E%3BBridges%2C+John%3BBrownlee%2C+Donald+E%3BBurchell%2C+Mark%3BBurghammer%2C+Manfred%3BButterworth%2C+Anna+L%3BChangela%2C+Hitesh%3BCloetens%2C+Peter%3BDavis%2C+Andrew+M%3BDoll%2C+Ryan%3BFloss%2C+Christine%3BFrank%2C+David+R%3BGainsforth%2C+Zack%3BGruen%2C+Eberhard%3BHeck%2C+Philipp+R%3BHillier%2C+Jon+K%3BHoppe%2C+Peter%3BHudson%2C+Bruce%3BHuth%2C+Joachim%3BHvide%2C+Brit%3BKearsley%2C+Anton%3BKing%2C+Ashley+J%3BLai%2C+Barry%3BLeitner%2C+Jan%3BLemelle%2C+Laurence%3BLeroux%2C+Hugues%3BLeonard%2C+Ariel%3BLettieri%2C+Robert%3BMarchant%2C+William%3BNittler%2C+Larry+R%3BOgliore%2C+Ryan%3BOng%2C+Wei+Ja%3BPostberg%2C+Frank%3BPrice%2C+Mark+C%3BSandford%2C+Scott+A%3BTresserras%2C+Juan-Angel+Sans%3BSchmitz%2C+Sylvia%3BSchoonjans%2C+Tom%3BSilversmit%2C+Geert%3BSimionovici%2C+Alexandre+S%3BSole%2C+Vicente+A%3BSrama%2C+Ralf%3BStadermann%2C+Frank+J%3BStephan%2C+Thomas%3BSterken%2C+Veerle+J%3BStodolna%2C+Julien%3BStroud%2C+Rhonda+M%3BSutton%2C+Steven%3BTrieloff%2C+Mario%3BTsou%2C+Peter%3BTsuchiyama%2C+Akira%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BVekemans%2C+Bart%3BVincze%2C+Laszlo%3BVon+Korff%2C+Joshua%3BWestphal%2C+Andrew+J%3BWordsworth%2C+Naomi%3BZevin%2C+Daniel%3BZolensky%2C+Michael+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bechtel&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1548&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fmaps.12125 L2 - http://cavern.uark.edu/~meteor/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - CODEN - MERTAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerogel; aliphatic hydrocarbons; carbon; cosmic dust; detection; FTIR spectra; hydrocarbons; infrared spectra; interstellar dust; methods; organic carbon; organic compounds; particle tracks; picokeystones; spectra; Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination; Stardust Mission; synchrotron radiation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maps.12125 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Process dominance shift in solute chemistry as revealed by long term high frequency water chemistry observations of ground water flowing through weathered argillite underlying a steep forested hillslope AN - 1664434662; 2015-023256 AB - Significant solute flux from the weathered bedrock zone - which underlies soils and saprolite - has been suggested by many studies. However, controlling processes for the hydrochemistry dynamics in this zone are poorly understood. This work reports the first results from a four-year (2009-2012) high-frequency (1-3 day) monitoring of major solutes (Ca, Mg, Na, K and Si) in the perched, dynamic groundwater in a 4000 m (super 2) zero-order basin located at the Angelo Coast Range Reserve, Northern California. Groundwater samples were autonomously collected at three wells (downslope, mid-slope, and upslope) aligned with the axis of the drainage. Rain and throughfall samples, profiles of well headspace pCO (sub 2) , vertical profiles and time series of groundwater temperature, and contemporaneous data from an extensive hydrologic and climate sensor network provided the framework for data analysis. All runoff at this soil-mantled site occurs by vertical unsaturated flow through a 5-25 m thick weathered argillite and then by lateral flows to the adjacent channel as groundwater perched over fresher bedrock. Driven by strongly seasonal rainfall, over each of the four years of observations, the hydrochemistry of the groundwater at each well repeats an annual cycle, which can be explained by two end-member processes. The first end-member process, which dominates during the winter high-flow season in mid- and upslope areas, is CO (sub 2) enhanced cation exchange reaction in the vadose zone in the more shallow conductive weathered bedrock. This process rapidly increases the cation concentrations of the infiltrated rainwater, which is responsible for the lowest cation concentration of groundwater. The second-end member process occurs in the deeper perched groundwater and either dominates year-round (at the downslope well) or becomes progressively dominant during low flow season at the two upper slope wells. This process is the equilibrium reaction with minerals such as calcite and clay minerals, but not with primary minerals, suggesting the critical role of the residence time of the water. Collectively, our measurements reveal that the hydrochemistry dynamics of the groundwater in the weathered bedrock zone is governed by two end-member processes whose dominance varies with critical zone structure, the relative importance of vadose versus groundwater zone processes, and thus with the seasonal variation of the chemistry of recharge and runoff. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Kim, Hyojin AU - Bishop, James K B AU - Dietrich, William E AU - Fung, Inez Y Y1 - 2014/09/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Sep 01 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 140 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - United States KW - electrical conductivity KW - Elder Creek KW - slopes KW - unsaturated zone KW - mass spectra KW - vegetation KW - temperature KW - reservoir rocks KW - relief KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - California KW - sedimentary rocks KW - major elements KW - chemical reactions KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - Northern California KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - climate KW - South Fork Creek basin KW - forests KW - Eel River basin KW - bedrock KW - argillite KW - cation exchange capacity KW - time series analysis KW - rainfall KW - Mendocino County California KW - Angelo Coast Range Reserve KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - hydrochemistry KW - ICP mass spectra KW - recharge KW - infiltration KW - runoff KW - clastic rocks KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664434662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Process+dominance+shift+in+solute+chemistry+as+revealed+by+long+term+high+frequency+water+chemistry+observations+of+ground+water+flowing+through+weathered+argillite+underlying+a+steep+forested+hillslope&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hyojin%3BBishop%2C+James+K+B%3BDietrich%2C+William+E%3BFung%2C+Inez+Y&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Hyojin&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.05.011 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Angelo Coast Range Reserve; argillite; bedrock; California; carbon dioxide; cation exchange capacity; chemical composition; chemical reactions; clastic rocks; climate; Eel River basin; Elder Creek; electrical conductivity; forests; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; ICP mass spectra; infiltration; major elements; mass spectra; Mendocino County California; Northern California; pH; rainfall; recharge; relief; reservoir rocks; runoff; sedimentary rocks; slopes; solutes; South Fork Creek basin; spectra; statistical analysis; temperature; time series analysis; United States; unsaturated zone; vegetation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.05.011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nickel partitioning in biogenic and abiogenic ferrihydrite; the influence of silica and implications for ancient environments AN - 1664433227; 2015-023260 AB - Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxides are ubiquitous in modern soils and sediments, and their large surface area leads to scavenging of trace elements. Experimental trace element partitioning between Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxides and aqueous solutions have been used to elucidate the geochemical composition of the Precambrian oceans based on the trace element concentrations in Precambrian banded iron formations (BIFs). However, previous partitioning experiments did not consider the potential influence of microbially-derived organic material, even though it is widely believed that bacterial phytoplankton was involved in Fe(II) oxidation and the deposition of BIF primary minerals. Therefore, the present study focuses on sorption of Ni to, and co-precipitation of Ni with, both biogenic ferrihydrite precipitated by the freshwater photoferrotroph Rhodobacter ferrooxidans SW2 and the marine photoferrotroph Rhodovulum iodosum, as well as chemically synthesized ferrihydrite. We considered the influence of cellular organic material, medium composition and the availability of dissolved silica. Our results show a preferential association of Ni with ferrihydrite, and not with the microbial cells or extracellular organic substances. We found that the addition of silica (2 mM) did not influence Ni partitioning but led to the encrustation of some cells with ferrihydrite and amorphous silica. The two- to threefold lower Ni/Fe ratio in biogenic as compared to abiogenic ferrihydrite is probably due to a competition between Ni and organic matter for sorption sites on the mineral surface. Additionally, the competition of ions present at high concentrations in marine medium for sorption sites led to decreased Ni sorption or co-precipitation. Based on our data we conclude that, if the Fe(III) minerals deposited in BIFs were - at least to some extent - biological, then the Ni concentrations in the early ocean would have been higher than previously suggested. This study shows the importance of considering the presence of microbial biomass and seawater ions in paleomarine reconstructions. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Eickhoff, Merle AU - Obst, Martin AU - Schroeder, Christian AU - Hitchcock, Adam P AU - Tyliszczak, Tolek AU - Martinez, Raul E AU - Robbins, Leslie J AU - Konhauser, Kurt O AU - Kappler, Andreas Y1 - 2014/09/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Sep 01 SP - 65 EP - 79 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 140 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - sorption KW - sea water KW - Jadebusen Germany KW - biomass KW - banded iron formations KW - paleo-oceanography KW - scanning transmission X-ray microscopy KW - Europe KW - plankton KW - marine sedimentation KW - Hanover Germany KW - partitioning KW - sedimentary rocks KW - silica KW - Central Europe KW - oxides KW - Schaumburger Wald KW - depositional environment KW - chemical ratios KW - experimental studies KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - mud flats KW - Precambrian KW - oxidation KW - sedimentation KW - ferrihydrite KW - abiogenic processes KW - TEM data KW - Lower Saxony Germany KW - ponds KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - paleoenvironment KW - iron formations KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - marine environment KW - bacteria KW - nickel KW - STXM data KW - reconstruction KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Germany KW - crystal chemistry KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - microorganisms KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1664433227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Nickel+partitioning+in+biogenic+and+abiogenic+ferrihydrite%3B+the+influence+of+silica+and+implications+for+ancient+environments&rft.au=Eickhoff%2C+Merle%3BObst%2C+Martin%3BSchroeder%2C+Christian%3BHitchcock%2C+Adam+P%3BTyliszczak%2C+Tolek%3BMartinez%2C+Raul+E%3BRobbins%2C+Leslie+J%3BKonhauser%2C+Kurt+O%3BKappler%2C+Andreas&rft.aulast=Eickhoff&rft.aufirst=Merle&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.05.021 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 92 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abiogenic processes; Atlantic Ocean; bacteria; banded iron formations; biogenic processes; biomass; Central Europe; chemical ratios; chemically precipitated rocks; crystal chemistry; depositional environment; Europe; experimental studies; ferrihydrite; Germany; Hanover Germany; iron formations; Jadebusen Germany; Lower Saxony Germany; marine environment; marine sedimentation; metals; microorganisms; mud flats; nickel; North Atlantic; North Sea; organic compounds; oxidation; oxides; paleo-oceanography; paleoenvironment; partitioning; plankton; ponds; Precambrian; precipitation; reconstruction; scanning transmission X-ray microscopy; Schaumburger Wald; sea water; sedimentary rocks; sedimentation; silica; sorption; STXM data; TEM data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.05.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of geomechanical changes on the validity of a discrete fracture network representation of a realistic two-dimensional fractured rock AN - 1648905931; 2015-011271 AB - This paper aims to examine the validity of the discrete fracture network (DFN) method in representing a realistic two-dimensional fractured rock in terms of their geomechanical response to in-situ stresses and hydraulic behaviour in a steady state fluid field. First, a real fracture network is extracted from the geological map of an actual rock outcrop, which is termed the analog fracture network (AFN). Multiple DFN realizations are created using the statistics of the analogue pattern. A conductivity parameter that was found to have a linear relationship with the conductivity of 2D fracture networks is included to further enhance network similarity. A series of numerical experiments are designed with far-field stresses applied at a range of angles to the rock domains and their geomechanical response is modeled using the combined finite-discrete element method (FEMDEM). A geomechanical comparison between the AFN and its DFN equivalents is made based on phenomena such as heterogeneity of fracture-dependent stress contours, sliding between pre-existing fracture walls, coalescence of propagating fractures and variability of aperture distribution. Furthermore, an indirect hydro-mechanical (HM) coupling is applied and the hydraulic behavior of the porous rock models is investigated using the hybrid finite element-finite volume method (FEFVM). A further comparison is conducted focusing on the hydraulic behavior of the AFN and DFNs under the effects of geomechanical changes. The results show that although DFNs may represent an AFN quite well for fixed mechanical conditions, such a representation may not be dependable if mechanical changes occur. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences (1997) AU - Lei, Qinghua AU - Latham, John-Paul AU - Xiang, Jiansheng AU - Tsang, Chin-Fu AU - Lang, Philipp AU - Guo, Liwei Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 507 EP - 523 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 70 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - fractured materials KW - discrete element analysis KW - hydraulics KW - density KW - discrete fracture network method KW - mechanical properties KW - two-dimensional models KW - rock mechanics KW - fractures KW - finite element analysis KW - sedimentary rocks KW - carbonate rocks KW - permeability KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1648905931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+geomechanical+changes+on+the+validity+of+a+discrete+fracture+network+representation+of+a+realistic+two-dimensional+fractured+rock&rft.au=Lei%2C+Qinghua%3BLatham%2C+John-Paul%3BXiang%2C+Jiansheng%3BTsang%2C+Chin-Fu%3BLang%2C+Philipp%3BGuo%2C+Liwei&rft.aulast=Lei&rft.aufirst=Qinghua&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=&rft.spage=507&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences+%281997%29&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2014.06.001 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13651609 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-29 N1 - CODEN - IJRMA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonate rocks; density; discrete element analysis; discrete fracture network method; finite element analysis; fractured materials; fractures; hydraulics; mechanical properties; permeability; rock mechanics; sedimentary rocks; two-dimensional models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.06.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional inverse modelling of damped elastic wave propagation in the Fourier domain AN - 1629947578; 2014-097323 AB - 3-D full waveform inversion (FWI) of seismic wavefields is routinely implemented with explicit time-stepping simulators. A clear advantage of explicit time stepping is the avoidance of solving large-scale implicit linear systems that arise with frequency domain formulations. However, FWI using explicit time stepping may require a very fine time step and (as a consequence) significant computational resources and run times. If the computational challenges of wavefield simulation can be effectively handled, an FWI scheme implemented within the frequency domain utilizing only a few frequencies, offers a cost effective alternative to FWI in the time domain. We have therefore implemented a 3-D FWI scheme for elastic wave propagation in the Fourier domain. To overcome the computational bottleneck in wavefield simulation, we have exploited an efficient Krylov iterative solver for the elastic wave equations approximated with second and fourth order finite differences. The solver does not exploit multilevel preconditioning for wavefield simulation, but is coupled efficiently to the inversion iteration workflow to reduce computational cost. The workflow is best described as a series of sequential inversion experiments, where in the case of seismic reflection acquisition geometries, the data has been laddered such that we first image highly damped data, followed by data where damping is systematically reduced. The key to our modelling approach is its ability to take advantage of solver efficiency when the elastic wavefields are damped. As the inversion experiment progresses, damping is significantly reduced, effectively simulating non-damped wavefields in the Fourier domain. While the cost of the forward simulation increases as damping is reduced, this is counterbalanced by the cost of the outer inversion iteration, which is reduced because of a better starting model obtained from the larger damped wavefield used in the previous inversion experiment. For cross-well data, it is also possible to launch a successful inversion experiment without laddering the damping constants. With this type of acquisition geometry, the solver is still quite effective using a small fixed damping constant. To avoid cycle skipping, we also employ a multiscale imaging approach, in which frequency content of the data is also laddered (with the data now including both reflection and cross-well data acquisition geometries). Thus the inversion process is launched using low frequency data to first recover the long spatial wavelength of the image. With this image as a new starting model, adding higher frequency data refines and enhances the resolution of the image. FWI using laddered frequencies with an efficient damping schemed enables reconstructing elastic attributes of the subsurface at a resolution that approaches half the smallest wavelength utilized to image the subsurface. We show the possibility of effectively carrying out such reconstructions using two to six frequencies, depending upon the application. Using the proposed FWI scheme, massively parallel computing resources are essential for reasonable execution times. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Petrov, Petr V AU - Newman, Gregory A Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 1599 EP - 1617 PB - Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 198 IS - 3 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - tomography KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - reflection KW - three-dimensional models KW - iterative methods KW - data processing KW - inverse problem KW - elastic waves KW - simulation KW - noise KW - wavelength KW - Fourier analysis KW - mathematical methods KW - velocity KW - propagation KW - seismic waves KW - algorithms KW - S-waves KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629947578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+inverse+modelling+of+damped+elastic+wave+propagation+in+the+Fourier+domain&rft.au=Petrov%2C+Petr+V%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A&rft.aulast=Petrov&rft.aufirst=Petr&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=198&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fgji%2Fggu222 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; body waves; data processing; elastic waves; Fourier analysis; inverse problem; iterative methods; mathematical methods; noise; P-waves; propagation; reflection; S-waves; seismic waves; simulation; three-dimensional models; tomography; velocity; wavelength DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu222 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-point bending test investigation of the fracture behavior of siltstone after thermal treatment AN - 1629361744; 20857461 AB - The influence of temperature on the fracture behavior of siltstone is investigated in detail by mode I fracture toughness tests under three-point bending in situ SEM observations. A total of 27 specimens subjected to thermal pre-treatment have been tested. Experimental results indicate that effects of temperature on siltstone fracture behavior are obvious, not only on failure mechanism, but also on mechanical parameters like peak failure loads, fracture toughness and modulus of elasticity. The failure mechanism changes from intergranular fracture to mixed intergranular and transgranular fractures, and finally to intergranular fracture and thermal cracking with temperature from 25 to 60 [degrees]C. Fracture toughness KIC decreases slightly from room temperature 25 to 100 [degrees]C, and then increases significantly from 100 to 125 [degrees]C, and then gradually declines from 125 to 600 [degrees]C. A new numerical elastic modulus estimation method is proposed, considering a series of fluctuated experimental data. The variation of the elastic modulus with the temperature is similar with that of fracture toughness. JF - International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences AU - Zuo, Jian-ping AU - Xie, He-ping AU - Dai, Feng AU - Ju, Yang AD - State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, zjp@cumtb.edu.cn Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 133 EP - 143 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 70 SN - 1365-1609, 1365-1609 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Siltstone KW - Temperature KW - Three-point bending (TPB) experiment KW - Threshold temperature KW - Fracture toughness KW - Testing Procedures KW - Temperature effects KW - Experimental Data KW - Fractures KW - Failures KW - Silt Load KW - Rock Mechanics KW - Rock mechanics KW - Behavior KW - Peak Loads KW - Toughness KW - Elasticity KW - Deformation KW - Abiotic factors KW - SW 6050:Rock mechanics and geology KW - Q2 09404:Minerals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629361744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences&rft.atitle=Three-point+bending+test+investigation+of+the+fracture+behavior+of+siltstone+after+thermal+treatment&rft.au=Zuo%2C+Jian-ping%3BXie%2C+He-ping%3BDai%2C+Feng%3BJu%2C+Yang&rft.aulast=Zuo&rft.aufirst=Jian-ping&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Rock+Mechanics+and+Mining+Sciences&rft.issn=13651609&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijrmms.2014.04.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Siltstone; Rock mechanics; Failures; Toughness; Fractures; Elasticity; Abiotic factors; Deformation; Testing Procedures; Experimental Data; Rock Mechanics; Behavior; Peak Loads; Temperature; Silt Load DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.04.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life-cycle net energy assessment of large-scale hydrogen production viaphotoelectrochemical water splitting AN - 1627969051; 20968397 AB - Here we report a prospective life-cycle net energy assessment of a hypothetical large-scale photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production facility with energy output equivalent to 1 GW continuous annual average (1 GW HHV = 610 metric tons of H sub(2) per day). We determine essential mass and energy flows based on fundamental principles, and use heuristic methods to conduct a preliminary engineering design of the facility. We then develop and apply a parametric model describing system-wide energy flows associated with the production, utilization, and decommissioning of the facility. Based on these flows, we calculate and interpret life-cycle net energy metrics for the facility. We find that under base-case conditions the energy payback time is 8.1 years, the energy return on energy invested (EROEI) is 1.7, and the life-cycle primary energy balance over the 40 years projected service life of the facility is +500 PJ. The most important model parameters affecting the net energy metrics are the solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency and the life span of the PEC cells; parameters associated with the balance of systems (BOS), including construction and operation of the liquid and gas handling infrastructure, play a much smaller role. JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Sathre, Roger AU - Scown, Corinne D AU - Morrow, William R, III AU - Stevens, John C AU - Sharp, Ian D AU - Ager, Joel W, III AU - Walczak, Karl AU - Houle, Frances A AU - Greenblatt, Jeffery B AD - Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis; Berkeley CA; USA; , rsathre@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 3264 EP - 3278 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 7 IS - 10 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Handling KW - Hydrogen KW - Infrastructure KW - Engineering KW - Decommissioning KW - Assessments KW - Energy efficiency KW - Construction KW - Life span KW - Service life KW - Longevity KW - Model Studies KW - Energy flow KW - Energy balance KW - Energy KW - Electric Power Production KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09281:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627969051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Life-cycle+net+energy+assessment+of+large-scale+hydrogen+production+viaphotoelectrochemical+water+splitting&rft.au=Sathre%2C+Roger%3BScown%2C+Corinne+D%3BMorrow%2C+William+R%2C+III%3BStevens%2C+John+C%3BSharp%2C+Ian+D%3BAger%2C+Joel+W%2C+III%3BWalczak%2C+Karl%3BHoule%2C+Frances+A%3BGreenblatt%2C+Jeffery+B&rft.aulast=Sathre&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ee01019a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy flow; Energy balance; Handling; Hydrogen; Longevity; Infrastructure; Energy efficiency; Decommissioning; Life cycle analysis; Energy; Life span; Service life; Engineering; Assessments; Construction; Electric Power Production; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ee01019a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An experimental and modeling/simulation-based evaluation of the efficiency and operational performance characteristics of an integrated, membrane-free, neutral pH solar-driven water-splitting system AN - 1627964816; 20968405 AB - The efficiency limits, gas-crossover behavior, formation of local pH gradients near the electrode surfaces, and safety characteristics have been evaluated experimentally as well as by use of multi-physics modeling and simulation methods for an integrated solar-driven water-splitting system that operates with bulk electrolyte solutions buffered at near-neutral pH. The integrated membrane-free system utilized a triple-junction amorphous hydrogenated Si (a-Si:H) cell as the light absorber, Pt and cobalt phosphate (Co-Pi) as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen-evolution reaction (OER), respectively, and a bulk aqueous solution buffered at pH = 9.2 by 1.0 M of boric acid/borate as an electrolyte. Although the solar-to-electrical efficiency of the stand-alone triple-junction a-Si:H photovoltaic cell was 7.7%, the solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency for the integrated membrane-free water-splitting system was limited under steady-state operation to 3.2%, and the formation of pH gradients near the electrode surfaces accounted for the largest voltage loss. The membrane-free system exhibited negligible product-recombination loss while operating at current densities near 3.0 mA cm super(-2), but exhibited significant crossover of products (up to 40% H sub(2) in the O sub(2) chamber), indicating that the system was not intrinsically safe. A system that contained a membrane to minimize the gas crossover, but which was otherwise identical to the membrane-free system, yielded very low energy-conversion efficiencies at steady state, due to low transference numbers for protons across the membranes resulting in electrodialysis of the solution and the consequent formation of large concentration gradients of both protons and buffer counterions near the electrode surfaces. The modeling and simulation results showed that despite the addition of 1.0 M of buffering agent to the bulk of the solution, during operation significant pH gradients developed near the surfaces of the electrodes. Hence, although the bulk electrolyte was buffered to near-neutral pH, the electrode surfaces and electrocatalysts experienced local environments under steady-state operation that were either highly acidic or highly alkaline in nature, changing the chemical form of the electrocatalysts and exposing the electrodes to potentially corrosive local pH conditions. In addition to significant pH gradients, the STH conversion efficiency of both types of systems was limited by the mass transport of ionic species to the electrode surfaces. Even at operating current densities of <3 mA cm super(-2), the voltage drops due to these pH gradients exceeded the combined electrocatalyst overpotentials for the hydrogen- and oxygen-evolution reactions at current densities of 10 mA cm super(-2). Hence, such near-neutral pH solar-driven water-splitting systems were both fundamentally limited in efficiency and/or co-evolved explosive mixtures of H sub(2)(g) and O sub(2)(g) in the presence of active catalysts for the recombination of H sub(2)(g) and O sub(2)(g). JF - Energy & Environmental Science AU - Jin, Jian AU - Walczak, Karl AU - Singh, Meenesh R AU - Karp, Chris AU - Lewis, Nathan S AU - Xiang, Chengxiang AD - Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena CA 91125; USA; , jjin@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - Sep 2014 SP - 3371 EP - 3380 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 7 IS - 10 SN - 1754-5692, 1754-5692 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Electrolytes KW - Membranes KW - Safety KW - Environmental sciences KW - Simulation KW - Mass transport KW - Phosphates KW - Numerical simulations KW - Energy KW - Cobalt KW - Solar cells KW - Buffers KW - Electrodes KW - Corrosion KW - Explosives KW - pH KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1627964816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=An+experimental+and+modeling%2Fsimulation-based+evaluation+of+the+efficiency+and+operational+performance+characteristics+of+an+integrated%2C+membrane-free%2C+neutral+pH+solar-driven+water-splitting+system&rft.au=Jin%2C+Jian%3BWalczak%2C+Karl%3BSingh%2C+Meenesh+R%3BKarp%2C+Chris%3BLewis%2C+Nathan+S%3BXiang%2C+Chengxiang&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%26+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=17545692&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ee01824a LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Numerical simulations; Environmental sciences; Mass transport; Electrolytes; Membranes; Safety; Simulation; Phosphates; Buffers; Solar cells; Cobalt; Energy; Electrodes; Corrosion; Explosives; pH DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ee01824a ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unexplained transport resistances for low-loaded fuel-cell catalyst layers AN - 1622606194; 20812879 AB - For next-generation polymer-electrolyte fuel cells, material solutions are being sought to decrease the cost of the cell components, and, in particular, the amount of catalyst, without sacrificing performance and lifetime. However, as recently shown, this cannot be achieved in practice due most likely to limitations caused by the ionomer thin-film surrounding the catalyst sites, where confinement and substrate interactions dominate and result in increased mass-transport limitations. Mitigation of this issue is paramount to the future commercial viability of polymer-electrolyte fuel cells. JF - Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability AU - Weber, Adam Z AU - Kusoglu, Ahmet AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Berkeley; CA; 94720; USA; , azweber@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - Sep 2014 SP - 17207 EP - 17211 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry VL - 2 IS - 41 SN - 2050-7488, 2050-7488 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Fuel technology KW - Mitigation KW - Energy KW - Catalysts KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1622606194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.atitle=Unexplained+transport+resistances+for+low-loaded+fuel-cell+catalyst+layers&rft.au=Weber%2C+Adam+Z%3BKusoglu%2C+Ahmet&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=41&rft.spage=17207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+materials+chemistry.+A%2C+Materials+for+energy+and+sustainability&rft.issn=20507488&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4ta02952f LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuel technology; Mitigation; Energy; Catalysts; Sustainability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta02952f ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methane yield phenotypes linked to differential gene expression in the sheep rumen microbiome AN - 1611621987; 20783222 AB - Ruminant livestock represent the single largest anthropogenic source of the potent greenhouse gas methane, which is generated by methanogenic archaea residing in ruminant digestive tracts. While differences between individual animals of the same breed in the amount of methane produced have been observed, the basis for this variation remains to be elucidated. To explore the mechanistic basis of this methane production, we measured methane yields from 22 sheep, which revealed that methane yields are a reproducible, quantitative trait. Deep metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing demonstrated a similar abundance of methanogens and methanogenesis pathway genes in high and low methane emitters. However, transcription of methanogenesis pathway genes was substantially increased in sheep with high methane yields. These results identify a discrete set of rumen methanogens whose methanogenesis pathway transcription profiles correlate with methane yields and provide new targets for CH sub(4) mitigation at the levels of microbiota composition and transcriptional regulation. JF - Genome Research AU - Shi, Weibing AU - Moon, Christina D AU - Leahy, Sinead C AU - Kang, Dongwan AU - Froula, Jeff AU - Kittelmann, Sandra AU - Fan, Christina AU - Deutsch, Samuel AU - Gagic, Dragana AU - Seedorf, Henning AD - Department of Energy, joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA; Genomic Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 1517 EP - 1525 PB - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Fulfillment & Distribution Dept. Woodbury NY 11797-2924 United States VL - 24 IS - 9 SN - 1088-9051, 1088-9051 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts KW - Ruminantia KW - Methane KW - Archaea KW - Rumen KW - Abundance KW - Methanogenic archaea KW - Transcription KW - Methanogenic bacteria KW - Methanogenesis KW - Greenhouses KW - Livestock KW - Gene expression KW - Digestive tract KW - Gene regulation KW - N 14830:RNA KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - G 07770:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1611621987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genome+Research&rft.atitle=Methane+yield+phenotypes+linked+to+differential+gene+expression+in+the+sheep+rumen+microbiome&rft.au=Shi%2C+Weibing%3BMoon%2C+Christina+D%3BLeahy%2C+Sinead+C%3BKang%2C+Dongwan%3BFroula%2C+Jeff%3BKittelmann%2C+Sandra%3BFan%2C+Christina%3BDeutsch%2C+Samuel%3BGagic%2C+Dragana%3BSeedorf%2C+Henning&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Weibing&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Genome+Research&rft.issn=10889051&rft_id=info:doi/10.1101%2Fgr.168245.113 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Methane; Digestive tract; Rumen; Gene regulation; Abundance; Methanogenic archaea; Transcription; Methanogenic bacteria; Methanogenesis; Livestock; Greenhouses; Ruminantia; Archaea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.168245.113 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of crack density on geomechanical behavior of granular composites with porous grains and fluid-saturated pores AN - 1567115888; 20584415 AB - The analysis of geomechanical behavior for granular systems including fluid-filled pores depends strongly on the crack density present within the system being studied. Effective overall bulk and shear moduli are both significantly influenced by these crack system parameters. Present effort concentrates on the geomechanical analyses needed to treat anisotropic (specifically orthotropic) poroelastic grains jumbled together to form an overall isotropic polycrystalline poroelastic material. As predicted, poroelastic effects induced by fluids in the cracks are observed to be significant for the effective bulk modulus, but simple pore fluids do not affect the magnitude of effective overall shear modulus. These results are also shown to depend in a quantitatively predictable way on crack density values. Copyright copyright 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics AU - Berryman, James G AD - University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road MS74R316C, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A. Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - September 2014 SP - 1381 EP - 1396 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 38 IS - 13 SN - 0363-9061, 0363-9061 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Shear KW - Pores KW - Behavior KW - Analytical Methods KW - Density KW - Cracks KW - Shear modulus KW - Bulk modulus KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567115888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+for+Numerical+and+Analytical+Methods+in+Geomechanics&rft.atitle=Influence+of+crack+density+on+geomechanical+behavior+of+granular+composites+with+porous+grains+and+fluid-saturated+pores&rft.au=Berryman%2C+James+G&rft.aulast=Berryman&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=1381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+for+Numerical+and+Analytical+Methods+in+Geomechanics&rft.issn=03639061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fnag.2263 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cracks; Bulk modulus; Shear modulus; Shear; Pores; Behavior; Analytical Methods; Density DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.2263 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of fire on active layer and permafrost microbial communities and metagenomes in an upland Alaskan boreal forest AN - 1566846839; 20599840 AB - Permafrost soils are large reservoirs of potentially labile carbon (C). Understanding the dynamics of C release from these soils requires us to account for the impact of wildfires, which are increasing in frequency as the climate changes. Boreal wildfires contribute to global emission of greenhouse gases (GHG-CO sub(2), CH sub(4) and N sub(2)O) and indirectly result in the thawing of near-surface permafrost. In this study, we aimed to define the impact of fire on soil microbial communities and metabolic potential for GHG fluxes in samples collected up to 1 m depth from an upland black spruce forest near Nome Creek, Alaska. We measured geochemistry, GHG fluxes, potential soil enzyme activities and microbial community structure via 16SrRNA gene and metagenome sequencing. We found that soil moisture, C content and the potential for respiration were reduced by fire, as were microbial community diversity and metabolic potential. There were shifts in dominance of several microbial community members, including a higher abundance of candidate phylum AD3 after fire. The metagenome data showed that fire had a pervasive impact on genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, methanogenesis and the nitrogen cycle. Although fire resulted in an immediate release of CO sub(2) from surface soils, our results suggest that the potential for emission of GHG was ultimately reduced at all soil depths over the longer term. Because of the size of the permafrost C reservoir, these results are crucial for understanding whether fire produces a positive or negative feedback loop contributing to the global C cycle. JF - ISME Journal AU - Tas, Neslihan AU - Prestat, Emmanuel AU - McFarland, Jack W AU - Wickland, Kimberley P AU - Knight, Rob AU - Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw AU - Jorgenson, Torre AU - Waldrop, Mark P AU - Jansson, Janet K AD - Department of Ecology, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - Sep 2014 SP - 1904 EP - 1919 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 8 IS - 9 SN - 1751-7362, 1751-7362 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Fires KW - Carbohydrate metabolism KW - Data processing KW - Abundance KW - Enzymes KW - Forests KW - Permafrost KW - Methanogenesis KW - Dominance KW - Thawing KW - Soil microorganisms KW - Soil depth KW - Carbon KW - Wildfire KW - Community structure KW - Nitrogen cycle KW - Feedback KW - Soil moisture KW - Carbon dioxide KW - A 01390:Forestry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566846839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISME+Journal&rft.atitle=Impact+of+fire+on+active+layer+and+permafrost+microbial+communities+and+metagenomes+in+an+upland+Alaskan+boreal+forest&rft.au=Tas%2C+Neslihan%3BPrestat%2C+Emmanuel%3BMcFarland%2C+Jack+W%3BWickland%2C+Kimberley+P%3BKnight%2C+Rob%3BBerhe%2C+Asmeret+Asefaw%3BJorgenson%2C+Torre%3BWaldrop%2C+Mark+P%3BJansson%2C+Janet+K&rft.aulast=Tas&rft.aufirst=Neslihan&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1904&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ISME+Journal&rft.issn=17517362&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2014.36 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Carbohydrate metabolism; Data processing; Abundance; Permafrost; Forests; Enzymes; Methanogenesis; Soil microorganisms; Thawing; Dominance; Soil depth; Wildfire; Carbon; Community structure; Nitrogen cycle; Feedback; Carbon dioxide; Soil moisture DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2014.36 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergy of Streptogramin Antibiotics Occurs Independently of Their Effects on Translation AN - 1566838516; 20698227 AB - Streptogramin antibiotics are divided into types A and B, which in combination can act synergistically. We compared the molecular interactions of the streptogramin combinations Synercid (type A, dalfopristin; type B, quinupristin) and NXL 103 (type A, flopristin; type B, linopristin) with the Escherichia coli 70S ribosome by X-ray crystallography. We further analyzed the activity of the streptogramin components individually and in combination. The streptogramin A and B components in Synercid and NXL 103 exhibit synergistic antimicrobial activity against certain pathogenic bacteria. However, in transcription-coupled translation assays, only combinations that include dalfopristin, the streptogramin A component of Synercid, show synergy. Notably, the diethylaminoethylsulfonyl group in dalfopristin reduces its activity but is the basis for synergy in transcription-coupled translation assays before its rapid hydrolysis from the depsipeptide core. Replacement of the diethylaminoethylsulfonyl group in dalfopristin by a nonhydrolyzable group may therefore be beneficial for synergy. The absence of general streptogramin synergy in transcription-coupled translation assays suggests that the synergistic antimicrobial activity of streptogramins can occur independently of the effects of streptogramin on translation. JF - Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy AU - Noeske, Jonas AU - Huang, Jian AU - Olivier, Nelson B AU - Giacobbe, Robert A AU - Zambrowski, Mark AU - Cate, Jamie HD AD - Department of Molecular Cell Biology, California Institute of Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA, jcate@lbl.gov. Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - Sep 2014 SP - 5269 EP - 5279 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 United States VL - 58 IS - 9 SN - 0066-4804, 0066-4804 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - X-ray crystallography KW - Translation KW - Dalfopristin KW - Antimicrobial activity KW - Streptogramins KW - Escherichia coli KW - Transcription KW - Antibiotics KW - Ribosomes KW - quinupristin KW - Hydrolysis KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566838516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Synergy+of+Streptogramin+Antibiotics+Occurs+Independently+of+Their+Effects+on+Translation&rft.au=Noeske%2C+Jonas%3BHuang%2C+Jian%3BOlivier%2C+Nelson+B%3BGiacobbe%2C+Robert+A%3BZambrowski%2C+Mark%3BCate%2C+Jamie+HD&rft.aulast=Noeske&rft.aufirst=Jonas&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=5269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antimicrobial+Agents+%26+Chemotherapy&rft.issn=00664804&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128%2FAAC.03389-14 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - X-ray crystallography; Translation; Antimicrobial activity; Dalfopristin; Streptogramins; Transcription; Ribosomes; Antibiotics; quinupristin; Hydrolysis; Escherichia coli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.03389-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Significantly greater reduction in breast cancer mortality from post-diagnosis running than walking AN - 1547849952; 20138951 AB - The purpose of these analyses is to test prospectively whether post-diagnosis running and walking differ significantly in their association with breast cancer mortality. Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to compare breast cancer mortality to baseline exercise energy expenditure (METs, 1 MET-hour 1 km run) in 272 runners and 714 walkers previously diagnosed with breast cancer from the National Runners' and Walkers' Health Studies when adjusted for age, race, menopause, family history, breastfeeding and oral contraceptive use. Diagnosis occurred (mean plus or minus SD) 7.9 plus or minus 7.3 years before baseline. Forty-six women (13 runners and 33 walkers) died from breast cancer during 9.1-year mortality surveillance. For the 986 runners and walkers combined, breast cancer mortality decreased an average of 23.9% MET-hours/day [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.9-38.3%; p = 0.004]. There was a significantly greater decrease in risk for running than walking (risk per MET-hours/day run vs. walked: p = 0.03). For the 272 runners analyzed separately, breast cancer mortality decreased an average of 40.9% per MET-hours/day run (95% CI: 19.3-60.0%, p = 0.0004). When analyzed by categories of running energy expenditure, breast cancer mortality was 87.4% lower for the 1.8-3.6 MET-hours/day category (95% CI: 41.3-98.2% lower, p = 0.008) and 95.4% lower for the greater than or equal to 3.6 MET-hours/day category (95% CI: 71.9-100% lower, p = 0.0004) compared to the <1.07 MET-hours/day category. In contrast, the 714 walkers showed a nonsignificant 4.6% decrease in breast cancer mortality per MET-hours/day walked (95% CI: 27.3% decreased risk to 21.3% increased risk, p = 0.71). These results suggest that post-diagnosis running is associated with significantly lower breast cancer mortality than post-diagnosis walking. What's new? Physical activity is thought to be an important factor for improving survival in women diagnosed with breast cancer, but studies have yielded mixed results, possibly because of differences in the type and intensity of exercise investigated. Here, the health benefits of running versus walking were compared in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Analyses show that post-diagnosis running (a vigorous-intensity exercise) is associated with significantly greater reductions in breast cancer mortality than post-diagnosis walking (a moderate-intensity exercise). The dose of vigorous exercise that provided protection exceeded public health recommendations, suggesting that a greater exercise dose than currently recommended could facilitate reductions in breast cancer mortality. JF - International Journal of Cancer AU - Williams, Paul T AD - Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA. Y1 - 2014/09// PY - 2014 DA - Sep 2014 SP - 1195 EP - 1202 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 135 IS - 5 SN - 0020-7136, 0020-7136 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Age KW - Physical activity KW - Survival KW - Public health KW - Genetics KW - Health risks KW - Energy KW - Risk factors KW - Breast cancer KW - Breast feeding KW - Menopause KW - Contraceptives KW - H 11000:Diseases/Injuries/Trauma KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1547849952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.atitle=Significantly+greater+reduction+in+breast+cancer+mortality+from+post-diagnosis+running+than+walking&rft.au=Williams%2C+Paul+T&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2014-09-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Cancer&rft.issn=00207136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fijc.28740 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Age; Physical activity; Survival; Public health; Health risks; Genetics; Risk factors; Energy; Breast cancer; Breast feeding; Contraceptives; Menopause DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.28740 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hierarchical assembly of plasmonic nanostructures using virus capsid scaffolds on DNA origami templates. AN - 1557083873; 25020109 AB - Building plasmonic nanostructures using biomolecules as scaffolds has shown great potential for attaining tunable light absorption and emission via precise spatial organization of optical species and antennae. Here we report bottom-up assembly of hierarchical plasmonic nanostructures using DNA origami templates and MS2 virus capsids. These serve as programmable scaffolds that provide molecular level control over the distribution of fluorophores and nanometer-scale control over their distance from a gold nanoparticle antenna. While previous research using DNA origami to assemble plasmonic nanostructures focused on determining the distance-dependent response of single fluorophores, here we address the challenge of constructing hybrid nanostructures that present an organized ensemble of fluorophores and then investigate the plasmonic response. By combining finite-difference time-domain numerical simulations with atomic force microscopy and correlated scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy, we find that the use of the scaffold keeps the majority of the fluorophores out of the quenching zone, leading to increased fluorescence intensity and mild levels of enhancement. The results show that the degree of enhancement can be controlled by exploiting capsid scaffolds of different sizes and tuning capsid-AuNP distances. These bioinspired plasmonic nanostructures provide a flexible design for manipulating photonic excitation and photoemission. JF - ACS nano AU - Wang, Debin AU - Capehart, Stacy L AU - Pal, Suchetan AU - Liu, Minghui AU - Zhang, Lei AU - Schuck, P James AU - Liu, Yan AU - Yan, Hao AU - Francis, Matthew B AU - De Yoreo, James J AD - Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Y1 - 2014/08/26/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 26 SP - 7896 EP - 7904 VL - 8 IS - 8 KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - 0 KW - Gold KW - 7440-57-5 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Levivirus -- chemistry KW - Models, Molecular KW - Fluorescent Dyes -- chemistry KW - Gold -- chemistry KW - Metal Nanoparticles -- chemistry KW - Nanotechnology -- methods KW - DNA -- chemistry KW - Capsid -- chemistry KW - Nucleic Acid Conformation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1557083873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+nano&rft.atitle=Hierarchical+assembly+of+plasmonic+nanostructures+using+virus+capsid+scaffolds+on+DNA+origami+templates.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Debin%3BCapehart%2C+Stacy+L%3BPal%2C+Suchetan%3BLiu%2C+Minghui%3BZhang%2C+Lei%3BSchuck%2C+P+James%3BLiu%2C+Yan%3BYan%2C+Hao%3BFrancis%2C+Matthew+B%3BDe+Yoreo%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Debin&rft.date=2014-08-26&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=7896&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+nano&rft.issn=1936-086X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fnn5015819 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-10-30 N1 - Date created - 2014-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn5015819 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PR-PR: cross-platform laboratory automation system. AN - 1553708954; 25126893 AB - To enable protocol standardization, sharing, and efficient implementation across laboratory automation platforms, we have further developed the PR-PR open-source high-level biology-friendly robot programming language as a cross-platform laboratory automation system. Beyond liquid-handling robotics, PR-PR now supports microfluidic and microscopy platforms, as well as protocol translation into human languages, such as English. While the same set of basic PR-PR commands and features are available for each supported platform, the underlying optimization and translation modules vary from platform to platform. Here, we describe these further developments to PR-PR, and demonstrate the experimental implementation and validation of PR-PR protocols for combinatorial modified Golden Gate DNA assembly across liquid-handling robotic, microfluidic, and manual platforms. To further test PR-PR cross-platform performance, we then implement and assess PR-PR protocols for Kunkel DNA mutagenesis and hierarchical Gibson DNA assembly for microfluidic and manual platforms. JF - ACS synthetic biology AU - Linshiz, Gregory AU - Stawski, Nina AU - Goyal, Garima AU - Bi, Changhao AU - Poust, Sean AU - Sharma, Monica AU - Mutalik, Vivek AU - Keasling, Jay D AU - Hillson, Nathan J AD - Fuels Synthesis Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute , Emeryville, California 94608, United States. Y1 - 2014/08/15/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 15 SP - 515 EP - 524 VL - 3 IS - 8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Robotics KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Microscopy -- methods KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed -- methods KW - Microfluidic Analytical Techniques -- methods KW - Microfluidic Analytical Techniques -- instrumentation KW - Microscopy -- instrumentation KW - Programming Languages KW - Automation, Laboratory -- instrumentation KW - Automation, Laboratory -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553708954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+synthetic+biology&rft.atitle=PR-PR%3A+cross-platform+laboratory+automation+system.&rft.au=Linshiz%2C+Gregory%3BStawski%2C+Nina%3BGoyal%2C+Garima%3BBi%2C+Changhao%3BPoust%2C+Sean%3BSharma%2C+Monica%3BMutalik%2C+Vivek%3BKeasling%2C+Jay+D%3BHillson%2C+Nathan+J&rft.aulast=Linshiz&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2014-08-15&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+synthetic+biology&rft.issn=2161-5063&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fsb4001728 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2016-02-29 N1 - Date created - 2014-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/sb4001728 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impacts of root hydraulic redistribution on global evapotranspiration in a climate-scale land model T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645188638; 6320508 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Riley, William AU - Tang, Jinyun Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Hydraulics KW - Climate KW - Roots KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645188638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+root+hydraulic+redistribution+on+global+evapotranspiration+in+a+climate-scale+land+model&rft.au=Riley%2C+William%3BTang%2C+Jinyun&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Genome informed trait-based models for improved prediction of microbial dynamics and biogeochemical rates T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645186987; 6321028 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - King, Eric AU - Tang, Jinyun AU - Cheng, Yiwei AU - Karaoz, Ulas AU - Molins, Sergi AU - Riley, William AU - Bouskill, Nicholas Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Genomes KW - Prediction KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645186987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Genome+informed+trait-based+models+for+improved+prediction+of+microbial+dynamics+and+biogeochemical+rates&rft.au=Brodie%2C+Eoin%3BKing%2C+Eric%3BTang%2C+Jinyun%3BCheng%2C+Yiwei%3BKaraoz%2C+Ulas%3BMolins%2C+Sergi%3BRiley%2C+William%3BBouskill%2C+Nicholas&rft.aulast=Brodie&rft.aufirst=Eoin&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rhizosphere priming in response to soil temperature and moisture T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645185948; 6320796 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Zhu, Biao AU - Cheng, Weixin AU - Huang, Ching-Yu AU - Concilio, Amy AU - Hicks Pries, Caitlin AU - Curtis, J AU - Castanha, Cristina AU - Porras, Rachel AU - Torn, Margaret Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Temperature effects KW - Rhizosphere KW - Soil temperature UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645185948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Rhizosphere+priming+in+response+to+soil+temperature+and+moisture&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Biao%3BCheng%2C+Weixin%3BHuang%2C+Ching-Yu%3BConcilio%2C+Amy%3BHicks+Pries%2C+Caitlin%3BCurtis%2C+J%3BCastanha%2C+Cristina%3BPorras%2C+Rachel%3BTorn%2C+Margaret&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Biao&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Looking a little deeper: A new experiment warming forest soil to 1 m deep T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645181464; 6320250 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Torn, Margaret AU - Zhu, Biao AU - Hicks Pries, Caitlin AU - Brodie, Eoin AU - Castanha, Cristina AU - Curtis, J AU - Jansson, Janet AU - Nico, Peter AU - Riley, William Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - Soil KW - Forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645181464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=Looking+a+little+deeper%3A+A+new+experiment+warming+forest+soil+to+1+m+deep&rft.au=Torn%2C+Margaret%3BZhu%2C+Biao%3BHicks+Pries%2C+Caitlin%3BBrodie%2C+Eoin%3BCastanha%2C+Cristina%3BCurtis%2C+J%3BJansson%2C+Janet%3BNico%2C+Peter%3BRiley%2C+William&rft.aulast=Torn&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - What is the fate of a Central Amazon forest under increased disturbance regimes and how does it compare to Western Amazon forests? T2 - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AN - 1645181359; 6319819 JF - 99th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2014) AU - Holm, Jennifer AU - Chambers, Jeffrey AU - Collins, William Y1 - 2014/08/10/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 10 KW - South America, Amazon R. KW - Forests KW - Disturbance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645181359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.atitle=What+is+the+fate+of+a+Central+Amazon+forest+under+increased+disturbance+regimes+and+how+does+it+compare+to+Western+Amazon+forests%3F&rft.au=Holm%2C+Jennifer%3BChambers%2C+Jeffrey%3BCollins%2C+William&rft.aulast=Holm&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=99th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2014/webprogram/meeting.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-11-30 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative 3D microstructural analysis of naturally deformed amphibolite from the southern Alps (Italy); microstructures, CPO and seismic anisotropy from a fossil extensional margin AN - 1656038588; 2015-013526 AB - The anisotropy of a rock is intimately related to the development of shape-preferred orientations (SPOs) and crystallographic-preferred orientations (CPOs). Quantifying the three-dimensional (3D) CPOs and SPOs in natural rocks is therefore critical for understanding the processes underlying the development of anisotropy. In this work, we present a CPO study of six amphibolite samples from the western Southern Alps (Italy) that have been characterized previously. Quantitative texture analyses using neutron diffraction data provided 3D CPOs for amphibole and plagioclase and were used to calculate seismic properties. We describe the relations between mesoscopic foliation and lineation, crystallographic fabrics and seismic anisotropies for lower-middle crust amphibolites. Based on these relations and in the context of lower-middle crust within fossil extensional margin, we suggest that seismic profiles should display large-scale geological features commonly present in extensional tectonics, such as folds and shear zones, rather than flat-lying structures. Moreover, from the integration of CPOs with geological data, we observe that samples from the Strona Ceneri boundary are characterized by a granulite to amphibolite facies transition while those from the Scisti dei Laghi only record the amphibolite facies evolution, supporting the idea of two independent tectono-metamorphic units pre-dating the amphibolite re-equilibration. JF - Special Publication - Geological Society of London AU - Zucali, Michele AU - Barberini, Valentina AU - Voltolini, Marco AU - Ouladdiaf, Bachir AU - Chateigner, Daniel AU - Mancini, Lucia AU - Lutterotti, Luca Y1 - 2014/08/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 01 SP - 201 EP - 222, 22 PB - Geological Society of London, London VL - 409 IS - 1 SN - 0305-8719, 0305-8719 KW - lattice KW - Alps KW - microstructure KW - data processing KW - Europe KW - crystal structure KW - continental crust KW - amphibolites KW - extension tectonics KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - preferred orientation KW - laboratory studies KW - metamorphic rocks KW - tectonics KW - mineral assemblages KW - fabric KW - chemical composition KW - Western Alps KW - lineation KW - experimental studies KW - seismic profiles KW - textures KW - structural analysis KW - geophysical methods KW - deformation KW - paleogeography KW - Ivrea-Verbano Zone KW - seismic methods KW - Ceneri Zone KW - Serie del Laghi KW - neutron diffraction data KW - pole figures KW - petrography KW - geophysical profiles KW - foliation KW - reconstruction KW - crystallography KW - crust KW - anisotropy KW - 16:Structural geology KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656038588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Geological+Society+of+London&rft.atitle=Quantitative+3D+microstructural+analysis+of+naturally+deformed+amphibolite+from+the+southern+Alps+%28Italy%29%3B+microstructures%2C+CPO+and+seismic+anisotropy+from+a+fossil+extensional+margin&rft.au=Zucali%2C+Michele%3BBarberini%2C+Valentina%3BVoltolini%2C+Marco%3BOuladdiaf%2C+Bachir%3BChateigner%2C+Daniel%3BMancini%2C+Lucia%3BLutterotti%2C+Luca&rft.aulast=Zucali&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=409&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Geological+Society+of+London&rft.issn=03058719&rft_id=info:doi/10.1144%2FSP409.5 L2 - http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from The Geological Society, London, London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 91 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Online First N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-14 N1 - CODEN - GSLSBW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alps; amphibolites; anisotropy; Ceneri Zone; chemical composition; continental crust; crust; crystal structure; crystallography; data processing; deformation; Europe; experimental studies; extension tectonics; fabric; foliation; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; Italy; Ivrea-Verbano Zone; laboratory studies; lattice; lineation; metamorphic rocks; microstructure; mineral assemblages; neutron diffraction data; paleogeography; petrography; pole figures; preferred orientation; reconstruction; seismic methods; seismic profiles; Serie del Laghi; Southern Europe; structural analysis; tectonics; textures; Western Alps DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/SP409.5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extrapolating active layer thickness measurements across Arctic polygonal terrain using LiDAR and NDVI data sets AN - 1656036982; 2015-013370 AB - Landscape attributes that vary with microtopography, such as active layer thickness (ALT), are labor intensive and difficult to document effectively through in situ methods at kilometer spatial extents, thus rendering remotely sensed methods desirable. Spatially explicit estimates of ALT can provide critically needed data for parameterization, initialization, and evaluation of Arctic terrestrial models. In this work, we demonstrate a new approach using high-resolution remotely sensed data for estimating centimeter-scale ALT in a 5 km (super 2) area of ice-wedge polygon terrain in Barrow, Alaska. We use a simple regression-based, machine learning data-fusion algorithm that uses topographic and spectral metrics derived from multisensor data (LiDAR and WorldView-2) to estimate ALT (2 m spatial resolution) across the study area. Comparison of the ALT estimates with ground-based measurements, indicates the accuracy (r (super 2) = 0.76, RMSE + or -4.4 cm) of the approach. While it is generally accepted that broad climatic variability associated with increasing air temperature will govern the regional averages of ALT, consistent with prior studies, our findings using high-resolution LiDAR and WorldView-2 data, show that smaller-scale variability in ALT is controlled by local eco-hydro-geomorphic factors. This work demonstrates a path forward for mapping ALT at high spatial resolution and across sufficiently large regions for improved understanding and predictions of coupled dynamics among permafrost, hydrology, and land-surface processes from readily available remote sensing data. Abstract Copyright (2014), . The Authors. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Gangodagamage, Chandana AU - Rowland, Joel C AU - Hubbard, Susan S AU - Brumby, Steven P AU - Liljedahl, Anna K AU - Wainwright, Haruko AU - Wilson, Cathy J AU - Altmann, Garrett L AU - Dafflon, Baptiste AU - Peterson, John AU - Ulrich, Craig AU - Tweedie, Craig E AU - Wullschleger, Stan D Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 6339 EP - 6357 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 50 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - laser methods KW - mapping KW - periglacial features KW - thermal regime KW - Barrow Alaska KW - topography KW - ice KW - thickness KW - ground ice KW - polygons KW - hydrology KW - extrapolation KW - cryosphere KW - Arctic region KW - ice wedges KW - satellite methods KW - thawing KW - depth KW - measurement KW - terrains KW - lidar methods KW - Alaska KW - glacial geology KW - landscapes KW - active layer KW - remote sensing KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1656036982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Extrapolating+active+layer+thickness+measurements+across+Arctic+polygonal+terrain+using+LiDAR+and+NDVI+data+sets&rft.au=Gangodagamage%2C+Chandana%3BRowland%2C+Joel+C%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S%3BBrumby%2C+Steven+P%3BLiljedahl%2C+Anna+K%3BWainwright%2C+Haruko%3BWilson%2C+Cathy+J%3BAltmann%2C+Garrett+L%3BDafflon%2C+Baptiste%3BPeterson%2C+John%3BUlrich%2C+Craig%3BTweedie%2C+Craig+E%3BWullschleger%2C+Stan+D&rft.aulast=Gangodagamage&rft.aufirst=Chandana&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=6339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013WR014283 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; Arctic region; Barrow Alaska; cryosphere; depth; extrapolation; glacial geology; ground ice; hydrology; ice; ice wedges; landscapes; laser methods; lidar methods; mapping; measurement; periglacial features; permafrost; polygons; remote sensing; satellite methods; terrains; thawing; thermal regime; thickness; topography; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014283 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A source model for induced earthquakes at the Geysers geothermal reservoir AN - 1623256837; 2014-089059 AB - The results of a previous study on source mechanisms of small earthquakes at the Geysers geothermal reservoir in northern California are used to investigate an extended crack model for seismic events. The seismic events are characterized by their first-degree moment tensors and interpreted in terms of a model that is a combination of a shear crack and wing cracks. Solutions to both forward and inverse problems are obtained that can be used with either dynamic or static moment tensors. The model contains failure criteria, explains isotropic parts that are commonly observed in induced earthquakes, and produces estimates of crack dimensions and maximum amount of slip. Effects of fluid pressure are easily incorporated into the model as an effective stress. The model is applied to static moment tensors of 20 earthquakes that occurred during a controlled injection project in the northwest Geysers. For earthquakes in the moment magnitude range of 0.9-2.8, the model predicts shear crack radii in the range of 10-150 m, wing crack lengths in the range of 2-25 m, and maximum slips in the range of 0.3-1.1 cm. Only limited results are obtained for the time-dependence of the earthquake process, but the model is consistent with corner frequencies of the isotropic part of the moment tensor being greater than the deviatoric part and waveforms of direct p waves that become more emergent for larger events. Copyright 2014 Springer Basel and The Author(s) JF - Pure and Applied Geophysics AU - Johnson, Lane R Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - August 2014 SP - 1625 EP - 1640 PB - Birkhaeuser, Basel VL - 171 IS - 8 SN - 0033-4553, 0033-4553 KW - United States KW - P-waves KW - elastic waves KW - seismic sources KW - simulation KW - California KW - fluid injection KW - geothermal systems KW - focus KW - Northern California KW - induced earthquakes KW - seismograms KW - failures KW - body waves KW - magnitude KW - mathematical models KW - inverse problem KW - enhanced recovery KW - models KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - cracks KW - moment tensors KW - fluid pressure KW - shear KW - seismic waves KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1623256837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=A+source+model+for+induced+earthquakes+at+the+Geysers+geothermal+reservoir&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Lane+R&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Lane&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1625&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=00334553&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00024-014-0798-7 L2 - http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00024/index.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - PAGYAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; California; cracks; earthquakes; elastic waves; enhanced recovery; failures; fluid injection; fluid pressure; focus; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; induced earthquakes; inverse problem; magnitude; mathematical models; models; moment tensors; Northern California; P-waves; seismic sources; seismic waves; seismograms; shear; simulation; The Geysers; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-014-0798-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source Mechanisms of Induced Earthquakes at The Geysers Geothermal Reservoir AN - 1620106894; 20720016 AB - At The Geysers geothermal reservoir in northern California, evidence strongly suggests that activities associated with production of electric power cause an increase in the number of small earthquakes. First-degree dynamic moment tensors are used to investigate the relationship between induced earthquakes and injection of water into a well as part of a controlled experiment in the northwest Geysers. The estimation of dynamic moment tensors in the complex shallow crust at The Geysers is challenging, so the method is described in detail with particular attention given to the uncertainty in the results. For seismic events in the moment magnitude range of 0.9-2.8, spectral moduli of dynamic moment tensors are reliably recovered in the frequency range of 1-100 Hz, but uncertainty in the associated spectral phases limits their use to a few simple results. A number of different static moment tensors are investigated, with the preferred one obtained from parameters of a model fitted to the spectral modulus of the dynamic moment tensor. Moment tensors estimated for a group of 20 earthquakes exhibit a range of source mechanisms, with over half having significant isotropic parts of either positive or negative sign. Corner frequencies of the isotropic part of the moment tensor are about 40 % larger than the average of the deviatoric moment tensor. Some spatial patterns are present in source mechanisms, with earthquakes closely related in space tending to have similar mechanisms, but at the same time, some nearby earthquakes have very different mechanisms. Tensional axes of displacement in the source regions are primarily horizontal, while the pressure axes range from near horizontal to vertical. Injection of water into the well in the center of the study area clearly causes an increase in the number of earthquakes per day, but an effect upon source mechanisms is not evident. JF - Pure and Applied Geophysics AU - Johnson, Lane R AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, LRJohnson@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - Aug 2014 SP - 1641 EP - 1668 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 171 IS - 8 SN - 0033-4553, 0033-4553 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Earthquakes KW - Reservoir KW - Geysers KW - Hot springs KW - Injection KW - Model Studies KW - USA, California KW - Geophysics KW - Reservoirs KW - Electric Power Production KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - Q2 09406:Energy from the sea UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1620106894?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Source+Mechanisms+of+Induced+Earthquakes+at+The+Geysers+Geothermal+Reservoir&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Lane+R&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Lane&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=171&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1641&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pure+and+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=00334553&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00024-014-0795-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Earthquakes; Reservoir; Hot springs; Geophysics; Geysers; Electric Power Production; Reservoirs; Injection; Model Studies; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-014-0795-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isotope fractionation of Li and K in silicate liquids by Soret diffusion AN - 1560086590; 2014-066091 AB - Laboratory experiments were used to determine the thermal (Soret) isotopic fractionation of lithium and potassium in a basalt melt, which adds elements with ionic charge +1 to the list of elements for which thermal isotopic fractionations in silicate liquids have been previously reported (i.e., Ca, Mg, Fe, Si, O, Sr, Hf, and U). The new experiments were run at a moderate pressure of about 1.5 GPa in a piston cylinder apparatus in order to avoid gas bubbles once the sample was melted. The samples were displaced slightly below the hot spot of the piston cylinder assembly graphite furnace so that there would be a temperature difference of about 125 degrees C across the samples while molten. The thermal isotopic fractionation factor Omega (per mil fractionation per 100 degrees C per one atomic mass unit difference) was found to be 6.0 for lithium isotopes and 1.1 for potassium isotopes. The isotopic fractionation in both cases resulted in the heavy isotopes becoming enriched at the cold end. The expanded data set of thermal isotopic fractionation in silicate liquids is used to evaluate the degree to which recently proposed parameterizations are able to reproduce the experimental data. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Richter, Frank M AU - Watson, E Bruce AU - Chaussidon, Marc AU - Mendybaev, Ruslan AU - Christensen, John N AU - Qiu, Lin Y1 - 2014/08/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 01 SP - 136 EP - 145 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 138 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - isotope fractionation KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - stable isotopes KW - melts KW - laboratory studies KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - basaltic composition KW - Soret diffusion KW - P-T conditions KW - Li-7/Li-6 KW - liquid phase KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - lithium KW - isotope ratios KW - silicate melts KW - alkali metals KW - X-ray spectra KW - K-41/K-39 KW - EDS spectra KW - ICP mass spectra KW - metals KW - potassium KW - instruments KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560086590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Isotope+fractionation+of+Li+and+K+in+silicate+liquids+by+Soret+diffusion&rft.au=Richter%2C+Frank+M%3BWatson%2C+E+Bruce%3BChaussidon%2C+Marc%3BMendybaev%2C+Ruslan%3BChristensen%2C+John+N%3BQiu%2C+Lin&rft.aulast=Richter&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.gca.2014.04.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; basaltic composition; chemical composition; diffusion; EDS spectra; experimental studies; ICP mass spectra; instruments; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; K-41/K-39; laboratory studies; Li-7/Li-6; liquid phase; lithium; mass spectra; melts; metals; P-T conditions; potassium; silicate melts; silicates; Soret diffusion; spectra; stable isotopes; X-ray spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.04.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimentation and the evaluation of energy efficiency programs AN - 1554948165; 20486638 AB - The use of experiments- particularly randomized controlled trials (RCTs) where subjects are randomly assigned to treatment and control conditions-has rarely been applied to the process of improving the design of energy efficiency programs and, more fundamentally, to determining the net savings from energy efficiency programs. This paper discusses the use of experimentation in the energy efficiency program field with the hope of explaining how these experiments can be used, and identifying the barriers to their use will cause more experimentation to occur. First, a brief overview of experimental methods is presented. This discussion describes the advantages and disadvantages of conducting experiments in the context of the development and evaluation of energy efficiency programs. It then discusses barriers to the use of experimental methods (including cost and equity issues) and suggests some ways of overcoming these barriers. Finally, recommendations are made for implementing key social experiments, discussing the types of energy efficiency programs and issues that can make use of experimentation and variables that one might use for selecting treatments. JF - Energy Efficiency AU - Vine, Edward AU - Sullivan, Michael AU - Lutzenhiser, Loren AU - Blumstein, Carl AU - Miller, Bill AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA, elvine@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - Aug 2014 SP - 627 EP - 640 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1570-646X, 1570-646X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Energy efficiency KW - Clinical trials KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1554948165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Efficiency&rft.atitle=Experimentation+and+the+evaluation+of+energy+efficiency+programs&rft.au=Vine%2C+Edward%3BSullivan%2C+Michael%3BLutzenhiser%2C+Loren%3BBlumstein%2C+Carl%3BMiller%2C+Bill&rft.aulast=Vine&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Efficiency&rft.issn=1570646X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12053-013-9244-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Energy efficiency; Clinical trials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-013-9244-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical note: calcium and carbon stable isotope ratios as paleodietary indicators AN - 1554209859; 4588320 AB - Calcium stable isotope ratios are hypothesized to vary as a function of trophic level. This premise raises the possibility of using calcium stable isotope ratios to study the dietary behaviors of fossil taxa and to test competing hypotheses on the adaptive origins of euprimates. To explore this concept, we measured the stable isotope composition of contemporary mammals in northern Borneo and northwestern Costa Rica, two communities with functional or phylogenetic relevance to primate origins. We found that bone collagen δ13C and δ15N values could differentiate trophic levels in each assemblage, a result that justifies the use of these systems to test the predicted inverse relationship between bioapatite δ13C and δ44Ca values. As expected, taxonomic carnivores (felids) showed a combination of high δ13C and low δ44Ca values; however, the δ44Ca values of other faunivores were indistinguishable from those of primary consumers. We suggest that the trophic insensitivity of most bioapatite δ ;44Ca values is attributable to the negligible calcium content of arthropod prey. Although the present results are inconclusive, the tandem analysis of δ44Ca and δ13C values in fossils continues to hold promise for informing paleodietary studies and we highlight this potential by drawing attention to the stable isotope composition of the Early Eocene primate Cantius. Am J Phys Anthropol 154:633-643, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Copyright John Wiley & Sons. Reproduced with permission. An electronic version of this article is available online at http://www.interscience.wiley.com JF - American journal of physical anthropology AU - Melin, Amanda D AU - Crowley, Brooke E AU - Brown, Shaun T AU - Wheatley, Patrick V AU - Moritz, Gillian L AU - Yit Yu, Fred Tuh AU - Bernard, Henry AU - Depaolo, Donald J AU - Jacobson, Andrew D AU - Dominy, Nathaniel J AD - Dartmouth College ; University of Cincinnati ; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ; Universiti Malaysia Sabah Y1 - 2014/08// PY - 2014 DA - Aug 2014 SP - 633 EP - 643 VL - 154 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9483, 0002-9483 KW - Anthropology KW - Mammals KW - Fossils KW - Human remains KW - Conceptualization KW - Dietary change KW - Taxonomy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1554209859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physical+anthropology&rft.atitle=Technical+note%3A+calcium+and+carbon+stable+isotope+ratios+as+paleodietary+indicators&rft.au=Melin%2C+Amanda+D%3BCrowley%2C+Brooke+E%3BBrown%2C+Shaun+T%3BWheatley%2C+Patrick+V%3BMoritz%2C+Gillian+L%3BYit+Yu%2C+Fred+Tuh%3BBernard%2C+Henry%3BDepaolo%2C+Donald+J%3BJacobson%2C+Andrew+D%3BDominy%2C+Nathaniel+J&rft.aulast=Melin&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+physical+anthropology&rft.issn=00029483&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajpa.22530 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-18 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7622 1046; 5258 5476 8573 11325; 3546 3545 8808; 2688 2449 10404; 12577 2688 2449 10404; 6094 1231 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22530 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electro-chemical arsenic remediation: field trials in West Bengal. AN - 1532477905; 24355249 AB - Millions of people in rural South Asia are exposed to high levels of arsenic through groundwater used for drinking. Many deployed arsenic remediation technologies quickly fail because they are not maintained, repaired, accepted, or affordable. It is therefore imperative that arsenic remediation technologies be evaluated for their ability to perform within a sustainable and scalable business model that addresses these challenges. We present field trial results of a 600 L Electro-Chemical Arsenic Remediation (ECAR) reactor operating over 3.5 months in West Bengal. These results are evaluated through the lens of a community scale micro-utility business model as a potential sustainable and scalable safe water solution for rural communities in South Asia. We demonstrate ECAR's ability to consistently reduce arsenic concentrations of ~266 μg/L to <5 μg/L in real groundwater, simultaneously meeting the international standards for iron and aluminum in drinking water. ECAR operating costs (amortized capital plus consumables) are estimated as $0.83-$1.04/m(3) under realistic conditions. We discuss the implications of these results against the constraints of a sustainable and scalable business model to argue that ECAR is a promising technology to help provide a clean water solution in arsenic-affected areas of South Asia. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Amrose, Susan E AU - Bandaru, Siva R S AU - Delaire, Caroline AU - van Genuchten, Case M AU - Dutta, Amit AU - DebSarkar, Anupam AU - Orr, Christopher AU - Roy, Joyashree AU - Das, Abhijit AU - Gadgil, Ashok J AD - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Electronic address: susan.amrose@gmail.com. ; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Civil Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India. ; Department of Economics and Global Change Programme, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India. ; Department of Economics, Kandi Raj College, Kandi, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India. ; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2014/08/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Aug 01 SP - 539 EP - 546 VL - 488-489 KW - Drinking Water KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Field trial KW - Electrocoagulation KW - Bangladesh KW - India KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Groundwater -- chemistry KW - Environmental Restoration and Remediation -- methods KW - Arsenic -- chemistry KW - Arsenic -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Drinking Water -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1532477905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=Electro-chemical+arsenic+remediation%3A+field+trials+in+West+Bengal.&rft.au=Amrose%2C+Susan+E%3BBandaru%2C+Siva+R+S%3BDelaire%2C+Caroline%3Bvan+Genuchten%2C+Case+M%3BDutta%2C+Amit%3BDebSarkar%2C+Anupam%3BOrr%2C+Christopher%3BRoy%2C+Joyashree%3BDas%2C+Abhijit%3BGadgil%2C+Ashok+J&rft.aulast=Amrose&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.volume=488-489&rft.issue=&rft.spage=539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=1879-1026&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2013.11.074 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-11-14 N1 - Date created - 2014-06-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-22 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.074 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observation of 23 supernovae that exploded <300 pc from Earth during the past 300 kyr AN - 1849300026; 2016-104708 AB - Four supernovae (SNe), exploding < or =300 pc from Earth, were recorded 44, 37, 32, and 22 kyr ago in the radiocarbon ( (super 14) C) record during the past 50 kyr. Each SN left a nearly identical signature in the record, beginning with an initial sudden increase in atmospheric radiocarbon, when the SN exploded, followed by a hiatus of 1500 yr, and concluding with a sustained 2000 yr increase in global radiocarbon due to gamma -rays produced by diffusive shock in the SN remnant (SNR). For the past 18 kyr excess radiocarbon has decayed with the (super 14) C half-life. SN22kyrBP, is identified as the Vela SN that exploded 250 + or - 30 pc from Earth. These SN are confirmed in the (super 10) Be, (super 26) Al, (super 36) Cl, and NO (sub 3) (super -) geologic records. The rate of near-Earth SNe is consistent with the observed rate of historical SNe giving a galactic rate of 14 + or - 3 kyr (super -1) assuming the Chandra Galactic Catalog SNR distribution. The Earth has been used as a calorimeter to determine that nearly equal 2 X 10 (super 49) erg were released as gamma -rays at the time of each SN explosion and nearly equal 10 (super 50) erg in gamma -rays following each SN. The background rate of (super 14) C production by cosmic rays has been determined as 1.61 atoms cm (super -2) s (super -1) . Approximately 1/3 of the cosmic ray energy produced by diffusive shock in the SNR was observed to be emitted as high-energy gamma -rays. Analysis of the (super 10) Be/ (super 9) Be ratio in marine sediment identified 19 additional near-Earth SNe that exploded 50-300 kyr ago. Comparison of the radiocarbon record with global temperature variations indicated that each SN explosion is correlated with a concurrent global warming of nearly equal 3 degrees C-4 degrees C. Copyright (Copyright) 2014. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. JF - The Astrophysical Journal AU - Firestone, R B Y1 - 2014/07/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jul 01 EP - Paper no. 29 PB - IOP Publishing for American Astronomical Society, Bristol VL - 789 IS - 1 SN - 0004-637X, 0004-637X KW - alpha rays KW - isotopes KW - global change KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - Cenozoic KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - cosmic rays KW - nitrate ion KW - global warming KW - Be-10/Be-9 KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Quaternary KW - Be-10 KW - explosions KW - isotope ratios KW - supernovas KW - rates KW - stars KW - metals KW - upper Quaternary KW - C-14 KW - beryllium KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1849300026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=Observation+of+23+supernovae+that+exploded+%26lt%3B300+pc+from+Earth+during+the+past+300+kyr&rft.au=Firestone%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Firestone&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=789&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.issn=0004637X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F789%2F1%2F29 L2 - http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by IOP Publishing Ltd., London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; alpha rays; Be-10; Be-10/Be-9; beryllium; C-14; carbon; Cenozoic; cosmic rays; explosions; global change; global warming; isotope ratios; isotopes; marine sediments; metals; nitrate ion; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; rates; sediments; stable isotopes; stars; supernovas; temperature; upper Quaternary DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/789/1/29 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil function-included simulation on energy development potential of corn stover AN - 1770376097; PQ0002226389 AB - With the increasing demand of biomass energy on corn stover, the excessive harvesting could damage the sustainability of agriculture and environment in the future. To acquire the sustainable energy potential of corn stover, considering the demand of soil on corn stover is very critical in order to assess the total harvestable stover amount of corn stover in China. To maintain the function of soil, it is necessary to consider the demand of soil on corn stover. First, the corn yield per hectare was projected in 2020, 2030, and 2050 based on the corn yield from 1978 to 2011 in China. On the other hand, the research results in relative papers were collected for various types of soils. The maximum, medium, and minimum values of the demand of various types of soils on corn stover in these papers were used to calculate the harvest potential of corn stover in every province of China. JF - Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering/Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao AU - Liu, Zhen AU - David, Fridley AD - Institute of Business Administration, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China zhenliu@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 236 EP - 243 PB - Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Exhibition Road South Beijing China VL - 30 IS - 14 SN - 1002-6819, 1002-6819 KW - Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts (MT); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - biomass KW - soils KW - straw KW - soil type KW - soil corn stover reservation KW - soil function KW - Soil (material) KW - Demand KW - Corn KW - Simulation KW - Biomass energy production KW - Sustainability KW - China KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1770376097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+Chinese+Society+of+Agricultural+Engineering%2FNongye+Gongcheng+Xuebao&rft.atitle=Soil+function-included+simulation+on+energy+development+potential+of+corn+stover&rft.au=Liu%2C+Zhen%3BDavid%2C+Fridley&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Zhen&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+Chinese+Society+of+Agricultural+Engineering%2FNongye+Gongcheng+Xuebao&rft.issn=10026819&rft_id=info:doi/10.3969%2Fj.issn.1002-6819.2014.14.030 LA - Chinese DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-04 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2014.14.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A temporary hiatus in warming of extreme temperatures is not unusual, nor inconsistent with model simulations of human-induced climate change AN - 1709168297; PQ0001859765 AB - Sillman et al (2014) find that observed trends of extremely hot days and cold nights are consistent with the current generation of climate models. Short periods of localized decreases in these extreme temperatures are not unusual and the Sillman et al results increase confidence in projections of future changes in extreme temperature. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Wehner, Michael F AD - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 USA, mfwehner@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 7 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Climate KW - Climate change KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Human factors KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 20:Weather Modification & Geophysical Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709168297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=A+temporary+hiatus+in+warming+of+extreme+temperatures+is+not+unusual%2C+nor+inconsistent+with+model+simulations+of+human-induced+climate+change&rft.au=Wehner%2C+Michael+F&rft.aulast=Wehner&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F9%2F7%2F071001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Climate; Temperature; Simulation; Human factors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/7/071001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reservoir structure and properties from geomechanical modeling and microseismicity analyses associated with an enhanced geothermal system at The Geysers, California AN - 1645572551; 2015-006001 AB - This work contributes to modeling studies associated with an enhanced geothermal system demonstration project in the northwestern region of The Geysers, California. We first attempt to determine the structural configuration and reservoir properties of the steam-bearing reservoir, based on microseismicity recorded during a one-year water injection operation. This is particularly challenging because errors in hypocenter determination (due primarily to errors in the velocity model and first-arrival picks) tend to "defocus" any microseismic events related to a distributed network of fractures, resulting in a "cloud" of microseismic events. This work includes a dynamic analysis of the observed alignments in daily microseismicity hypocenters during water injection, along with the constraints provided by geological data (surface mapping and drill cuttings) to determine the location and orientation of shear zones. We then evaluate the viability of the resulting network of proposed shear zones, using a 2D fluid flow and geomechanical model simulation of the injection and comparing it to the evolution of observed (1) pressure in nearby monitoring wells and (2) microseismicity hypocenters. The shear-zone hydraulic properties were estimated using inverse analysis of the pressure evolution in the surrounding wells, while mechanical properties were estimated by comparing the calculated stress changes and associated microseismic potential with the observed microseismicity. The results indicate that a model including the network of proposed shear zones does calculate reservoir hydraulic and mechanical responses similar to those observed during water injection. Finally, the results confirm previous studies at The Geysers indicating that the injection-induced microseismicity is caused by thermal contraction near the injection wells where strong cooling prevails, whereas away from the injection wells, small increases in steam pressure are the primary trigger of microseismicity. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Walters, Mark Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 460 EP - 469 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 51 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - iTOUGH2 KW - simulation KW - reservoir rocks KW - California KW - fractures KW - seismicity KW - sensitivity analysis KW - tectonics KW - seismotectonics KW - faults KW - pressure KW - three-dimensional models KW - thermal properties KW - stress KW - properties KW - reactivation KW - two-dimensional models KW - geometry KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - reservoir properties KW - earthquakes KW - permeability KW - fault zones KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645572551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Reservoir+structure+and+properties+from+geomechanical+modeling+and+microseismicity+analyses+associated+with+an+enhanced+geothermal+system+at+The+Geysers%2C+California&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+Pierre%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BGarcia%2C+Julio%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BWalters%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2014.02.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; earthquakes; fault zones; faults; fractures; geometry; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; iTOUGH2; models; permeability; pressure; properties; reactivation; reservoir properties; reservoir rocks; seismicity; seismotectonics; sensitivity analysis; simulation; stress; tectonics; The Geysers; thermal properties; three-dimensional models; two-dimensional models; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.02.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A 3D hydrogeological and geomechanical model of an enhanced geothermal system at The Geysers, California AN - 1645571152; 2015-005992 AB - In this study, integrated coupled process modeling and field observations are used to build a three-dimensional hydrogeological and geomechanical model of an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) in the northwestern part of The Geysers geothermal field, California. We constructed a model and characterized hydraulic and mechanical properties of relevant geological layers and a system of multiple intersecting shear zones. This characterization was conducted through detailed coupled process modeling of a one-year injection stimulation with simultaneous field monitoring of reservoir pressure, microseismicity, and surface deformations. The analysis of surface deformations was found to be particularly challenging as the subtle surface deformations caused by the injection taking place below 3km depth are intermingled with deformations caused by both tectonic effects and seasonal surface effects associated with rainfall. However, through a detailed analysis of the field data we identified deformations associated with injection. Hydraulic and mechanical properties of relevant rock layers and shear zones were determined using a 3D hydrogeological and geomechanical model. Hydraulic properties were determined using inverse analysis by fitting the pressure evolution in monitoring wells surrounding the injection well. Mechanical properties were estimated by comparison of the predicted microseismicity potential with the observed microseismicity and by fitting the predicted vertical displacement with the surface deformations measured by satellite. The results show the critical importance of considering the regional fault system, especially reservoir-level faults and shear zones that modify injection water flow and steam pressure diffusion. In the vicinity of the EGS Demonstration Project, fluid flow pathways and pressure diffusion fronts appears to be at a maximum along N130 oriented shear zones and at a minimum along N50 oriented shear zones. Evidence for this comes from microseismic event hypocenters which extend several kilometers horizontally from the injection well and deep into a recent granitic intrusion that underlies the high temperature reservoir. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Rutqvist, Jonny AU - Vasco, Donald AU - Garcia, Julio AU - Dobson, Patrick F AU - Walters, Mark AU - Hartline, Craig AU - Borgia, Andrea Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 240 EP - 252 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 51 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - geothermal wells KW - simulation KW - observations KW - California KW - TOUGH-FLAC KW - geothermal systems KW - seismicity KW - SAR KW - sensitivity analysis KW - induced earthquakes KW - faults KW - hydrology KW - orientation KW - diffusion KW - shear zones KW - monitoring KW - pressure KW - time series analysis KW - three-dimensional models KW - rainfall KW - numerical analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - radar methods KW - mechanical properties KW - satellite methods KW - measurement KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - geothermal fields KW - The Geysers KW - InSAR KW - earthquakes KW - permeability KW - remote sensing KW - field studies KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645571152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=A+3D+hydrogeological+and+geomechanical+model+of+an+enhanced+geothermal+system+at+The+Geysers%2C+California&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+Pierre%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny%3BVasco%2C+Donald%3BGarcia%2C+Julio%3BDobson%2C+Patrick+F%3BWalters%2C+Mark%3BHartline%2C+Craig%3BBorgia%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2014.01.013 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; diffusion; earthquakes; faults; field studies; geothermal energy; geothermal fields; geothermal systems; geothermal wells; hydrology; induced earthquakes; InSAR; measurement; mechanical properties; models; monitoring; numerical analysis; observations; orientation; permeability; pressure; radar methods; rainfall; remote sensing; SAR; satellite methods; seismicity; sensitivity analysis; shear zones; simulation; statistical analysis; The Geysers; three-dimensional models; time series analysis; TOUGH-FLAC; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.01.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactive transport modeling of the Dixie Valley geothermal area; insights on flow and geothermometry AN - 1645570414; 2015-005986 AB - A 2D reactive transport model of the Dixie Valley geothermal area in Nevada, USA was developed to assess fluid flow pathways and fluid rock interaction processes. The model includes two major normal faults and the incorporation of a dual continuum domain to simulate the presence of a small-scale thermal spring being fed by a highly permeable but narrow fracture zone. Simulations were performed incorporating fluid flow, heat conduction and advection, and kinetic mineral-water reactions. Various solute geothermometry methods were applied to simulated spring compositions, to compare estimated reservoir temperatures with "true" modeled reservoir temperatures, for a fluid ascending the simulated fracture and cooling on its way to the surface. Under the modeled conditions (cooling but no mixing or boiling), the classical Na-K(-Ca) geothermometers performed best because these are least affected by mineral precipitation upon cooling. Geothermometry based on computed mineral saturation indices and the quartz geothermometer were more sensitive to re-equilibration upon cooling, but showed good results for fluid velocities above ca. 0.1m/d and a reactive fracture surface area 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than the corresponding geometric surface area. This suggests that such upflow rates and relatively low reactive fracture surface areas are likely present in many geothermal fields. The simulations also suggest that the presence of small-scale fracture systems having an elevated permeability of 10 (super -12) to 10 (super -10) m (super 2) can significantly alter the shallow fluid flow regime of geothermal systems. For the Dixie Valley case, the model implies that such elevated permeabilities lead to a shallow (less than 1km) convection cell where superficial water infiltrates along the range front normal fault and connects the small-scale geothermal spring through basin filling sediments. Furthermore, we conclude that a fracture permeability on the order of 10 (super -12) m (super 2) may lead to near surface temperature >100 degrees C whereas a permeability of 10 (super -10) m (super 2) is not realistic because this permeability led to extreme upflow velocities and to a short-circuit of the regional fault zone. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Wanner, Christoph AU - Peiffer, Loic AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Iovenitti, Joe AU - Kennedy, Burton Mack Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 130 EP - 141 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 51 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - Churchill County Nevada KW - geologic thermometry KW - solutes KW - calibration KW - equations KW - simulation KW - Dixie Valley KW - thermal waters KW - temperature KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - fractures KW - water-rock interaction KW - transport KW - steady-state processes KW - springs KW - reactive transport KW - TOUGHREACT KW - applications KW - permeability KW - Nevada KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645570414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Reactive+transport+modeling+of+the+Dixie+Valley+geothermal+area%3B+insights+on+flow+and+geothermometry&rft.au=Wanner%2C+Christoph%3BPeiffer%2C+Loic%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BIovenitti%2C+Joe%3BKennedy%2C+Burton+Mack&rft.aulast=Wanner&rft.aufirst=Christoph&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=130&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2013.12.003 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sects., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; calibration; Churchill County Nevada; Dixie Valley; equations; fractures; geologic thermometry; geothermal energy; models; Nevada; permeability; reactive transport; simulation; solutes; springs; steady-state processes; temperature; thermal waters; TOUGHREACT; transport; United States; water-rock interaction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2013.12.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated multicomponent solute geothermometry AN - 1645570332; 2015-005984 AB - The previously developed and well-demonstrated mineral saturation geothermometry method is revisited with the objective to ease its application, and to improve the prediction of geothermal reservoir temperatures using full and integrated chemical analyses of geothermal fluids. Reservoir temperatures are estimated by assessing numerically the clustering of mineral saturation indices computed as a function of temperature. The reconstruction of the deep geothermal fluid compositions, and geothermometry computations, are implemented into one stand-alone program, allowing unknown or poorly constrained input parameters to be estimated by numerical optimization using existing parameter estimation software. The geothermometry system is tested with geothermal waters from previous studies, and with fluids at various degrees of fluid-rock chemical equilibrium obtained from laboratory experiments and reactive transport simulations. Such an integrated geothermometry approach presents advantages over classical geothermometers for fluids that have not fully equilibrated with reservoir minerals and/or that have been subject to processes such as dilution and gas loss. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Peiffer, Loic AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Saldi, G AU - Reed, M H AU - Kennedy, Burton Mack Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 113 EP - 123 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 51 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - geologic thermometry KW - numerical models KW - solutes KW - optimization KW - simulation KW - exploration KW - geothermal energy KW - saturation KW - mixing KW - applications KW - reconstruction KW - thermodynamic properties KW - kinetics KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645570332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Integrated+multicomponent+solute+geothermometry&rft.au=Spycher%2C+Nicolas%3BPeiffer%2C+Loic%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BSaldi%2C+G%3BReed%2C+M+H%3BKennedy%2C+Burton+Mack&rft.aulast=Spycher&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2013.10.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; exploration; geologic thermometry; geothermal energy; kinetics; mixing; numerical models; optimization; reconstruction; saturation; simulation; solutes; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2013.10.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimized multicomponent vs. classical geothermometry; insights from modeling studies at the Dixie Valley geothermal area AN - 1645570154; 2015-005987 AB - A new geothermometry approach is explored, incorporating multicomponent geothermometry coupled with numerical optimization to provide more confident estimates of geothermal reservoir temperatures when results of classical geothermometers are inconsistent. This approach is applied to geothermal well and spring waters from the Dixie Valley geothermal area (Nevada), to evaluate the influence of salt brines mixing and dilution of geothermal fluids on calculated temperatures. The main advantage of the optimized multicomponent method over classical geothermometers is its ability to quantify the extent of dilution and gas loss experienced by a geothermal fluid, and to optimize other poorly constrained or unknown parameters (such as Al and Mg concentrations), allowing the reconstruction of the deep reservoir fluid composition and therefore gaining confidence in reservoir temperatures estimations. Because the chemical evolution of deep geothermal fluids is a combination of multiple time-dependent processes that take place when these fluids ascend to the surface, reactive transport modeling is used to assess constraints on the application of solute geothermometers. Simulation results reveal that Al and Mg concentrations of ascending fluids are sensitive to mineral precipitation-dissolution affecting reservoir temperatures inferred with multicomponent geothermometry. In contrast, simulations show that the concentrations of major elements such as Na, K, and SiO (sub 2) are less sensitive to re-equilibration. Geothermometers based on these elements give reasonable reservoir temperatures in many cases, except when dilution or mixing with saline waters has taken place. Optimized multicomponent geothermometry yields more representative temperatures for such cases. Taking into account differences in estimated temperatures, and chemical compositions of the Dixie Valley thermal waters, a conceptual model of two main geothermal reservoirs is proposed. The first reservoir is located along the Stillwater range normal fault system and has an estimated temperature of 240-260 degrees C. It covers the area corresponding to the geothermal field but could extend towards the south-west where deep temperatures of 200-225 degrees C are estimated. The second reservoir has an estimated temperature of 175-190 degrees C and extends from well 62-21 to northeastern Hyder, Lower Ranch, Fault Line, and Jersey springs. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Geothermics AU - Peiffer, Loic AU - Wanner, Christoph AU - Spycher, Nicolas AU - Sonnenthal, Eric L AU - Kennedy, Burton Mack AU - Iovenitti, Joe Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 154 EP - 169 PB - Elsevier, Oxford-New York VL - 51 SN - 0375-6505, 0375-6505 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - Churchill County Nevada KW - lopoliths KW - geologic thermometry KW - volcanic rocks KW - igneous rocks KW - simulation KW - salt water KW - Dixie Valley KW - exploration KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - mixing KW - basalts KW - reactive transport KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - Nevada KW - numerical models KW - optimization KW - hydrochemistry KW - thermal waters KW - models KW - geothermal energy KW - intrusions KW - saturation KW - field studies KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645570154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geothermics&rft.atitle=Optimized+multicomponent+vs.+classical+geothermometry%3B+insights+from+modeling+studies+at+the+Dixie+Valley+geothermal+area&rft.au=Peiffer%2C+Loic%3BWanner%2C+Christoph%3BSpycher%2C+Nicolas%3BSonnenthal%2C+Eric+L%3BKennedy%2C+Burton+Mack%3BIovenitti%2C+Joe&rft.aulast=Peiffer&rft.aufirst=Loic&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geothermics&rft.issn=03756505&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2013.12.002 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756505 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - GTMCAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basalts; chemical composition; Churchill County Nevada; Dixie Valley; exploration; field studies; geochemistry; geologic thermometry; geothermal energy; hydrochemistry; igneous rocks; intrusions; lopoliths; mineral composition; mixing; models; Nevada; numerical models; optimization; reactive transport; salt water; saturation; simulation; solute transport; thermal waters; transport; United States; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2013.12.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sequencing of diverse mandarin, pummelo and orange genomes reveals complex history of admixture during citrus domestication AN - 1554950573; 20508103 AB - Cultivated citrus are selections from, or hybrids of, wild progenitor species whose identities and contributions to citrus domestication remain controversial. Here we sequence and compare citrus genomes-a high-quality reference haploid clementine genome and mandarin, pummelo, sweet-orange and sour-orange genomes-and show that cultivated types derive from two progenitor species. Although cultivated pummelos represent selections from one progenitor species, Citrus maxima, cultivated mandarins are introgressions of C. maxima into the ancestral mandarin species Citrus reticulata. The most widely cultivated citrus, sweet orange, is the offspring of previously admixed individuals, but sour orange is an F1 hybrid of pure C. maxima and C. reticulata parents, thus implying that wild mandarins were part of the early breeding germplasm. A Chinese wild 'mandarin' diverges substantially from C. reticulata, thus suggesting the possibility of other unrecognized wild citrus species. Understanding citrus phylogeny through genome analysis clarifies taxonomic relationships and facilitates sequence-directed genetic improvement. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Wu, G Albert AU - Prochnik, Simon AU - Jenkins, Jerry AU - Salse, Jerome AU - Hellsten, Uffe AU - Murat, Florent AU - Perrier, Xavier AU - Ruiz, Manuel AU - Scalabrin, Simone AU - Terol, Javier AU - Takita, Marco Aurelio AU - Labadie, Karine AU - Poulain, Julie AU - Couloux, Arnaud AU - Jabbari, Kamel AU - Cattonaro, Federica AU - Del Fabbro, Cristian AU - Pinosio, Sara AU - Zuccolo, Andrea AU - Chapman, Jarrod AU - Grimwood, Jane AU - Tadeo, Francisco R AU - Estornell, Leandro H AU - Munoz-Sanz, Juan V AU - Ibanez, Victoria AU - Herrero-Ortega, Amparo AU - Aleza, Pablo AU - Perez-Perez, Julian AU - Ramon, Daniel AU - Brunel, Dominique AU - Luro, Francois AU - Chen, Chunxian AU - Farmerie, William G AU - Desany, Brian AU - Kodira, Chinnappa AU - Mohiuddin, Mohammed AU - Harkins, Tim AU - Fredrikson, Karin AU - Burns, Paul AU - Lomsadze, Alexandre AU - Borodovsky, Mark AU - Reforgiato, Giuseppe AU - Freitas-Astua, Juliana AU - Quetier, Francis AU - Navarro, Luis AU - Roose, Mikeal AU - Wincker, Patrick AU - Schmutz, Jeremy AU - Morgante, Michele AU - Machado, Marcos Antonio AU - et. al. AD - 1] US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA. [2] Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - Jul 2014 SP - 656 EP - 662 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 32 IS - 7 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Phylogeny KW - Sour taste KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Domestication KW - Citrus sinensis KW - Stem cells KW - Breeding KW - Hybrids KW - Germplasm KW - Citrus reticulata KW - Progeny KW - Citrus maxima KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1554950573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Sequencing+of+diverse+mandarin%2C+pummelo+and+orange+genomes+reveals+complex+history+of+admixture+during+citrus+domestication&rft.au=Wu%2C+G+Albert%3BProchnik%2C+Simon%3BJenkins%2C+Jerry%3BSalse%2C+Jerome%3BHellsten%2C+Uffe%3BMurat%2C+Florent%3BPerrier%2C+Xavier%3BRuiz%2C+Manuel%3BScalabrin%2C+Simone%3BTerol%2C+Javier%3BTakita%2C+Marco+Aurelio%3BLabadie%2C+Karine%3BPoulain%2C+Julie%3BCouloux%2C+Arnaud%3BJabbari%2C+Kamel%3BCattonaro%2C+Federica%3BDel+Fabbro%2C+Cristian%3BPinosio%2C+Sara%3BZuccolo%2C+Andrea%3BChapman%2C+Jarrod%3BGrimwood%2C+Jane%3BTadeo%2C+Francisco+R%3BEstornell%2C+Leandro+H%3BMunoz-Sanz%2C+Juan+V%3BIbanez%2C+Victoria%3BHerrero-Ortega%2C+Amparo%3BAleza%2C+Pablo%3BPerez-Perez%2C+Julian%3BRamon%2C+Daniel%3BBrunel%2C+Dominique%3BLuro%2C+Francois%3BChen%2C+Chunxian%3BFarmerie%2C+William+G%3BDesany%2C+Brian%3BKodira%2C+Chinnappa%3BMohiuddin%2C+Mohammed%3BHarkins%2C+Tim%3BFredrikson%2C+Karin%3BBurns%2C+Paul%3BLomsadze%2C+Alexandre%3BBorodovsky%2C+Mark%3BReforgiato%2C+Giuseppe%3BFreitas-Astua%2C+Juliana%3BQuetier%2C+Francis%3BNavarro%2C+Luis%3BRoose%2C+Mikeal%3BWincker%2C+Patrick%3BSchmutz%2C+Jeremy%3BMorgante%2C+Michele%3BMachado%2C+Marcos+Antonio%3Bet.+al.&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnbt.2906 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phylogeny; Genomes; Sour taste; Stem cells; Breeding; Nucleotide sequence; Hybrids; Germplasm; Progeny; Domestication; Citrus sinensis; Citrus reticulata; Citrus maxima DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2906 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding the role of water during ionic liquid pretreatment of lignocellulose: co-solvent or anti-solvent? AN - 1554944650; 20476759 AB - Biomass pretreatment with certain ionic liquids (IL) can be highly effective at generating a substrate that can be easily saccharified into fermentable sugars with high yields. In order to improve overall process economics, using mixtures of these ILs with water are more favored over the use of anhydrous IL; however, the solvent property of IL-water mixtures and correlations between cellulose digestibility, cellulose solvation and lignin depolymerization during IL-water pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass are not well understood. We investigated pretreatment of switchgrass with mixtures of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, [C sub(2)mim][OAc], and water at 160 degree C. Results indicate that the chemical composition and crystallinity of the pretreated biomass, and the corresponding lignin dissolution and depolymerization, were dependent on [C sub(2)mim][OAc] concentration that correlated strongly with cellulose digestibility. In addition, the hydrogen bond basicity of the [C sub(2)mim][OAc]-water mixtures was found to be a good indicator of cellulose dissolution, lignin depolymerization, and sugar yields. Molecular dynamics simulations provided molecular level explanations on cellulose I sub( beta ) dissolution at different [C sub(2)mim][OAc]-water loadings. The knowledge gained from this study provides a better understanding of the duality of water as a co-solvent/anti-solvent in dissolving cellulose and serves as a design basis for the targeted design of IL-water mixtures that are effective at biomass pretreatment. JF - Green Chemistry AU - Shi, Jian AU - Balamurugan, Kanagasabai AU - Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan AU - Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon AU - Zhang, Sonny AU - Stavila, Vitalie AU - Subramanian, Venkatesan AU - Simmons, Blake A AU - Singh, Seema AD - Deconstruction Division; Joint BioEnergy Institute; Emeryville; CA; USA; +1 510-486-4252; +1 925-294-4551; , seesing@sandia.gov Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 3830 EP - 3840 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, c/o Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Secaucus New Jersey 07096 2485 United States VL - 16 IS - 8 SN - 1463-9262, 1463-9262 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Chemical composition KW - Cellulose KW - Economics KW - Green development KW - Solvents KW - Simulation KW - Water wells KW - Hydrogen KW - Biomass KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1554944650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Green+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+role+of+water+during+ionic+liquid+pretreatment+of+lignocellulose%3A+co-solvent+or+anti-solvent%3F&rft.au=Shi%2C+Jian%3BBalamurugan%2C+Kanagasabai%3BParthasarathi%2C+Ramakrishnan%3BSathitsuksanoh%2C+Noppadon%3BZhang%2C+Sonny%3BStavila%2C+Vitalie%3BSubramanian%2C+Venkatesan%3BSimmons%2C+Blake+A%3BSingh%2C+Seema&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3830&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Green+Chemistry&rft.issn=14639262&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc4gc00373j LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemical composition; Green development; Economics; Cellulose; Solvents; Water wells; Simulation; Hydrogen; Biomass DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4gc00373j ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Improved Weak Pressure Gradient Scheme for Single-Column Modeling AN - 1544017386; 20181328 AB - A new formulation of the weak pressure gradient approximation (WPG) is introduced for parameterizing large-scale dynamics in limited-domain atmospheric models. This new WPG is developed in the context of the one-dimensional, linearized, damped, shallow-water equations and then extended to Boussinesq and compressible fluids. Unlike previous supradomain-scale parameterizations, this formulation of WPG correctly reproduces both steady-state solutions and first baroclinic gravity waves. In so doing, this scheme eliminates the undesirable gravity wave resonance in previous versions of WPG. In addition, this scheme can be extended to accurately model the emission of gravity waves with arbitrary vertical wavenumber. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Edman, Jacob P AU - Romps, David M AD - Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, and Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - Jul 2014 SP - 2415 EP - 2429 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 United States VL - 71 IS - 7 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Gravity waves KW - Emissions KW - Boussinesq approximation KW - Shallow water equations KW - Atmospheric models KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.511:Mechanics and Thermodynamics of the Atmosphere (551.511) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1544017386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=An+Improved+Weak+Pressure+Gradient+Scheme+for+Single-Column+Modeling&rft.au=Edman%2C+Jacob+P%3BRomps%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Edman&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FJAS-D-13-0327.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution models; Gravity waves; Boussinesq approximation; Shallow water equations; Atmospheric models; Emissions DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-13-0327.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metagenomics reveals sediment microbial community response to Deepwater Horizon oil spill. AN - 1540130082; 24451203 AB - The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in the spring of 2010 resulted in an input of ∼4.1 million barrels of oil to the Gulf of Mexico; >22% of this oil is unaccounted for, with unknown environmental consequences. Here we investigated the impact of oil deposition on microbial communities in surface sediments collected at 64 sites by targeted sequencing of 16S rRNA genes, shotgun metagenomic sequencing of 14 of these samples and mineralization experiments using (14)C-labeled model substrates. The 16S rRNA gene data indicated that the most heavily oil-impacted sediments were enriched in an uncultured Gammaproteobacterium and a Colwellia species, both of which were highly similar to sequences in the DWH deep-sea hydrocarbon plume. The primary drivers in structuring the microbial community were nitrogen and hydrocarbons. Annotation of unassembled metagenomic data revealed the most abundant hydrocarbon degradation pathway encoded genes involved in degrading aliphatic and simple aromatics via butane monooxygenase. The activity of key hydrocarbon degradation pathways by sediment microbes was confirmed by determining the mineralization of (14)C-labeled model substrates in the following order: propylene glycol, dodecane, toluene and phenanthrene. Further, analysis of metagenomic sequence data revealed an increase in abundance of genes involved in denitrification pathways in samples that exceeded the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s benchmarks for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) compared with those that did not. Importantly, these data demonstrate that the indigenous sediment microbiota contributed an important ecosystem service for remediation of oil in the Gulf. However, PAHs were more recalcitrant to degradation, and their persistence could have deleterious impacts on the sediment ecosystem. JF - The ISME journal AU - Mason, Olivia U AU - Scott, Nicole M AU - Gonzalez, Antonio AU - Robbins-Pianka, Adam AU - Bælum, Jacob AU - Kimbrel, Jeffrey AU - Bouskill, Nicholas J AU - Prestat, Emmanuel AU - Borglin, Sharon AU - Joyner, Dominique C AU - Fortney, Julian L AU - Jurelevicius, Diogo AU - Stringfellow, William T AU - Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Knight, Rob AU - Gilbert, Jack A AU - Jansson, Janet K AD - 1] Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA [2] Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; 1] Institute for Genomic and Systems Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA [2] Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. ; Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. ; Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. ; 1] Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] The Technical University of Denmark, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. ; 1] Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] Deconstruction Division, Joint Bioenergy Institute (JBEI), Emeryville, CA, USA. ; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; 1] Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA. ; 1] Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] Laboratório de Genética Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ; 1] Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] Ecological Engineering Research Program, School of Engineering & Computer Science, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA. ; 1] Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; 1] Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA [3] Biological Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. ; 1] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA [2] Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. ; 1] Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] Deconstruction Division, Joint Bioenergy Institute (JBEI), Emeryville, CA, USA [3] Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 1464 EP - 1475 VL - 8 IS - 7 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Carbon Radioisotopes KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - RNA, Bacterial KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases KW - EC 1.- KW - Nitrogen KW - N762921K75 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression KW - Seawater -- microbiology KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Nitrogen -- metabolism KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases -- genetics KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S -- genetics KW - Petroleum Pollution KW - Metagenomics KW - Gammaproteobacteria -- metabolism KW - Gammaproteobacteria -- genetics KW - Alteromonadaceae -- genetics KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Alteromonadaceae -- metabolism KW - RNA, Bacterial -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1540130082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+ISME+journal&rft.atitle=Metagenomics+reveals+sediment+microbial+community+response+to+Deepwater+Horizon+oil+spill.&rft.au=Mason%2C+Olivia+U%3BScott%2C+Nicole+M%3BGonzalez%2C+Antonio%3BRobbins-Pianka%2C+Adam%3BB%C3%A6lum%2C+Jacob%3BKimbrel%2C+Jeffrey%3BBouskill%2C+Nicholas+J%3BPrestat%2C+Emmanuel%3BBorglin%2C+Sharon%3BJoyner%2C+Dominique+C%3BFortney%2C+Julian+L%3BJurelevicius%2C+Diogo%3BStringfellow%2C+William+T%3BAlvarez-Cohen%2C+Lisa%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BKnight%2C+Rob%3BGilbert%2C+Jack+A%3BJansson%2C+Janet+K&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Olivia&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+ISME+journal&rft.issn=1751-7370&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fismej.2013.254 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-09-23 N1 - Date created - 2014-06-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Aug;73(16):5261-7 [17586664] FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003 Oct 10;227(1):101-6 [14568154] Bioinformatics. 2010 Jan 15;26(2):266-7 [19914921] Bioinformatics. 2010 Mar 15;26(6):715-21 [20130030] Nat Methods. 2010 May;7(5):335-6 [20383131] Bioinformatics. 2010 Oct 1;26(19):2460-1 [20709691] Science. 2010 Oct 8;330(6001):204-8 [20736401] Science. 2010 Oct 8;330(6001):208-11 [20847236] Science. 2011 Jan 21;331(6015):312-5 [21212320] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 15;108 Suppl 1:4516-22 [20534432] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Nov;77(21):7856-60 [21926219] ISME J. 2012 Mar;6(3):610-8 [22134646] ISME J. 2012 Aug;6(8):1621-4 [22402401] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Aug;78(15):5305-12 [22635998] ISME J. 2012 Sep;6(9):1715-27 [22717885] Environ Microbiol. 2012 Sep;14(9):2405-16 [22616650] Environ Microbiol. 2012 Oct;14(10):2689-710 [22882476] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Dec 11;109(50):20292-7 [21969552] Microbiologyopen. 2013 Jun;2(3):492-504 [23568850] PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e70540 [23950956] ISME J. 2013 Nov;7(11):2091-104 [23788333] ISME J. 2013 Dec;7(12):2315-29 [23902988] Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Jan 1;27(1):29-34 [9847135] Environ Microbiol. 2005 Feb;7(2):179-90 [15658985] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Aug 2;102(31):10913-8 [16043709] Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Apr;68(4):1994-2007 [11916723] BMC Bioinformatics. 2008;9:386 [18803844] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2013.254 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetically encoded reporters for hyperpolarized xenon magnetic resonance imaging. AN - 1539475733; 24950334 AB - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables high-resolution non-invasive observation of the anatomy and function of intact organisms. However, previous MRI reporters of key biological processes tied to gene expression have been limited by the inherently low molecular sensitivity of conventional (1)H MRI. This limitation could be overcome through the use of hyperpolarized nuclei, such as in the noble gas xenon, but previous reporters acting on such nuclei have been synthetic. Here, we introduce the first genetically encoded reporters for hyperpolarized (129)Xe MRI. These expressible reporters are based on gas vesicles (GVs), gas-binding protein nanostructures expressed by certain buoyant microorganisms. We show that GVs are capable of chemical exchange saturation transfer interactions with xenon, which enables chemically amplified GV detection at picomolar concentrations (a 100- to 10,000-fold improvement over comparable constructs for (1)H MRI). We demonstrate the use of GVs as heterologously expressed indicators of gene expression and chemically targeted exogenous labels in MRI experiments performed on living cells. JF - Nature chemistry AU - Shapiro, Mikhail G AU - Ramirez, R Matthew AU - Sperling, Lindsay J AU - Sun, George AU - Sun, Jinny AU - Pines, Alexander AU - Schaffer, David V AU - Bajaj, Vikram S AD - 1] Miller Research Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [3] Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [4] Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. ; 1] Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; 1] Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. Y1 - 2014/07// PY - 2014 DA - July 2014 SP - 629 EP - 634 VL - 6 IS - 7 KW - Xenon KW - 3H3U766W84 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Gene Expression KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- methods KW - Xenon -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1539475733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+chemistry&rft.atitle=Genetically+encoded+reporters+for+hyperpolarized+xenon+magnetic+resonance+imaging.&rft.au=Shapiro%2C+Mikhail+G%3BRamirez%2C+R+Matthew%3BSperling%2C+Lindsay+J%3BSun%2C+George%3BSun%2C+Jinny%3BPines%2C+Alexander%3BSchaffer%2C+David+V%3BBajaj%2C+Vikram+S&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=Mikhail&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+chemistry&rft.issn=1755-4349&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnchem.1934 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-09-29 N1 - Date created - 2014-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1934 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of compounds used in hydraulic fracturing. AN - 1546220792; 24853136 AB - Hydraulic fracturing (HF), a method to enhance oil and gas production, has become increasingly common throughout the U.S. As such, it is important to characterize the chemicals found in HF fluids to evaluate potential environmental fate, including fate in treatment systems, and human health impacts. Eighty-one common HF chemical additives were identified and categorized according to their functions. Physical and chemical characteristics of these additives were determined using publicly available chemical information databases. Fifty-five of the compounds are organic and twenty-seven of these are considered readily or inherently biodegradable. Seventeen chemicals have high theoretical chemical oxygen demand and are used in concentrations that present potential treatment challenges. Most of the HF chemicals evaluated are non-toxic or of low toxicity and only three are classified as Category 2 oral toxins according to standards in the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals; however, toxicity information was not located for thirty of the HF chemicals evaluated. Volatilization is not expected to be a significant exposure pathway for most HF chemicals. Gaps in toxicity and other chemical properties suggest deficiencies in the current state of knowledge, highlighting the need for further assessment to understand potential issues associated with HF chemicals in the environment. JF - Journal of hazardous materials AU - Stringfellow, William T AU - Domen, Jeremy K AU - Camarillo, Mary Kay AU - Sandelin, Whitney L AU - Borglin, Sharon AD - Ecological Engineering Research Program, School of Engineering & Computer Science, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Electronic address: wstringfellow@lbl.gov. ; Ecological Engineering Research Program, School of Engineering & Computer Science, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA. ; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2014/06/30/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 30 SP - 37 EP - 54 VL - 275 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Natural Gas KW - Petroleum KW - Index Medicus KW - Unconventional oil and gas KW - Chemicals, biocides, crosslinkers KW - Hydraulic fracturing KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Extraction and Processing Industry KW - Environmental Pollutants -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1546220792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.atitle=Physical%2C+chemical%2C+and+biological+characteristics+of+compounds+used+in+hydraulic+fracturing.&rft.au=Stringfellow%2C+William+T%3BDomen%2C+Jeremy+K%3BCamarillo%2C+Mary+Kay%3BSandelin%2C+Whitney+L%3BBorglin%2C+Sharon&rft.aulast=Stringfellow&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2014-06-30&rft.volume=275&rft.issue=&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+hazardous+materials&rft.issn=1873-3336&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2014.04.040 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-01-16 N1 - Date created - 2014-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.04.040 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-assembly and horizontal orientation growth of VO2 nanowires. AN - 1541381147; 24965899 AB - Single-crystalline vanadium dioxide (VO2) nanostructures have attracted an intense research interest recently because of their unique single-domain metal-insulator phase transition property. Synthesis of these nanostructures in the past was limited in density, alignment, or single-crystallinity. The assembly of VO2 nanowires (NWs) is desirable for a "bottom-up" approach to the engineering of intricate structures using nanoscale building blocks. Here, we report the successful synthesis of horizontally aligned VO2 NWs with a dense growth mode in the [1-100]quartz direction of a polished x-cut quartz surface using a simple vapor transport method. Our strategy of controlled growth of VO2 NWs promisingly paves the way for designing novel metal-insulator transition devices based on VO2 NWs. JF - Scientific reports AU - Cheng, Chun AU - Guo, Hua AU - Amini, Abbas AU - Liu, Kai AU - Fu, Deyi AU - Zou, Jian AU - Song, Haisheng AD - Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China. ; National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Western Sydney, Kingswood, NSW 2751, Australia. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and the School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China. Y1 - 2014/06/26/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 26 SP - 5456 VL - 4 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1541381147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.atitle=Self-assembly+and+horizontal+orientation+growth+of+VO2+nanowires.&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Chun%3BGuo%2C+Hua%3BAmini%2C+Abbas%3BLiu%2C+Kai%3BFu%2C+Deyi%3BZou%2C+Jian%3BSong%2C+Haisheng&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Chun&rft.date=2014-06-26&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5456&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scientific+reports&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep05456 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-04-20 N1 - Date created - 2014-06-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: ACS Nano. 2009 Jan 27;3(1):53-8 [19206248] Nano Lett. 2009 Dec;9(12):3980-4 [19911806] Adv Mater. 2010 Dec 1;22(45):5134-9 [20842663] J Chem Phys. 2014 Feb 28;140(8):084504 [24588182] Nano Lett. 2013 Oct 9;13(10):4685-9 [24000932] Nano Lett. 2013 Oct 9;13(10):4857-61 [24000961] ACS Nano. 2011 Dec 27;5(12):10102-7 [22070645] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep05456 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial community responses to organophosphate substrate additions in contaminated subsurface sediments AN - 1689591023; 2015-056759 AB - Radionuclide- and heavy metal-contaminated subsurface sediments remain a legacy of Cold War nuclear weapons research and recent nuclear power plant failures. Within such contaminated sediments, remediation activities are necessary to mitigate groundwater contamination. A promising approach makes use of extant microbial communities capable of hydrolyzing organophosphate substrates to promote mineralization of soluble contaminants within deep subsurface environments. Uranium-contaminated sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Field Research Center (ORFRC) Area 2 site were used in slurry experiments to identify microbial communities involved in hydrolysis of 10 mM organophosphate amendments [i.e., glycerol-2-phosphate (G2P) or glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P)] in synthetic groundwater at pH 5.5 and pH 6.8. Following 36 day (G2P) and 20 day (G3P) amended treatments, maximum phosphate (PO (sub 4) (super 3-) ) concentrations of 4.8 mM and 8.9 mM were measured, respectively. Use of the PhyloChip 16S rRNA microarray identified 2,120 archaeal and bacterial taxa representing 46 phyla, 66 classes, 110 orders, and 186 families among all treatments. Measures of archaeal and bacterial richness were lowest under G2P (pH 5.5) treatments and greatest with G3P (pH 6.8) treatments. Members of the phyla Crenarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria demonstrated the greatest enrichment in response to organophosphate amendments and the OTUs that increased in relative abundance by 2-fold or greater accounted for 9%-50% and 3%-17% of total detected Archaea and Bacteria, respectively. This work provided a characterization of the distinct ORFRC subsurface microbial communities that contributed to increased concentrations of extracellular phosphate via hydrolysis of organophosphate substrate amendments. Within subsurface environments that are not ideal for reductive precipitation of uranium, strategies that harness microbial phosphate metabolism to promote uranium phosphate precipitation could offer an alternative approach for in situ sequestration. JF - PLoS One AU - Martinez, Robert J AU - Wu, Cindy H AU - Beazley, Melanie J AU - Andersen, Gary L AU - Conrad, Mark E AU - Hazen, Terry C AU - Taillefert, Martial AU - Sobecky, Patricia A Y1 - 2014/06/20/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 20 PB - Public Library of Science, San Francisco, CA VL - 2014 IS - E100383 KW - United States KW - Oak Ridge National Laboratory KW - methods KW - experimental studies KW - communities KW - Archaea KW - living taxa KW - pollution KW - organophosphates KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - nutrients KW - laboratory studies KW - phosphate ion KW - nucleic acids KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - DNA KW - uranium KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689591023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+One&rft.atitle=Microbial+community+responses+to+organophosphate+substrate+additions+in+contaminated+subsurface+sediments&rft.au=Martinez%2C+Robert+J%3BWu%2C+Cindy+H%3BBeazley%2C+Melanie+J%3BAndersen%2C+Gary+L%3BConrad%2C+Mark+E%3BHazen%2C+Terry+C%3BTaillefert%2C+Martial%3BSobecky%2C+Patricia+A&rft.aulast=Martinez&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2014-06-20&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=E100383&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PLoS+One&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0100383 L2 - http://journals.plos.org/plosone/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 83 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Archaea; bacteria; bioremediation; communities; DNA; experimental studies; ground water; laboratory studies; living taxa; metals; methods; nucleic acids; nutrients; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; organophosphates; phosphate ion; pollution; remediation; sediments; Tennessee; United States; uranium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100383 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The microbial ecology of permafrost AN - 1694969831; 20109654 AB - Permafrost constitutes a major portion of the terrestrial cryosphere of the Earth and is a unique ecological niche for cold-adapted microorganisms. There is a relatively high microbial diversity in permafrost, although there is some variation in community composition across different permafrost features and between sites. Some microorganisms are even active at subzero temperatures in permafrost. An emerging concern is the impact of climate change and the possibility of subsequent permafrost thaw promoting microbial activity in permafrost, resulting in increased potential for greenhouse-gas emissions. This Review describes new data on the microbial ecology of permafrost and provides a platform for understanding microbial life strategies in frozen soil as well as the impact of climate change on permafrost microorganisms and their functional roles. JF - Nature Reviews: Microbiology AU - Jansson, Janet K AU - Tas, Neslihan AD - 1] Ecology Department, Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A-3317 Berkeley, California 94720, USA. [2] Joint Genome Institute (JGI), 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA. [3] Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, California 94608, USA. [4] Danish Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), University of Copenhagen, Oester Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [5] Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, California 94720-3102, USA. Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - Jun 2014 SP - 414 EP - 425 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW United Kingdom VL - 12 IS - 6 SN - 1740-1526, 1740-1526 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Temperature effects KW - Soil KW - Community composition KW - Data processing KW - Niches KW - Climatic changes KW - Microorganisms KW - Permafrost KW - A 01400:Soil Microbes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1694969831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Reviews%3A+Microbiology&rft.atitle=The+microbial+ecology+of+permafrost&rft.au=Jansson%2C+Janet+K%3BTas%2C+Neslihan&rft.aulast=Jansson&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Reviews%3A+Microbiology&rft.issn=17401526&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnrmicro3262 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-07-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Temperature effects; Community composition; Data processing; Niches; Climatic changes; Microorganisms; Permafrost DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3262 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Active-layer thickness across Alaska; comparing observation-based estimates with CMIP5 earth system model predictions AN - 1618135132; 2014-085180 AB - Predicted active-layer (AL) thicknesses of permafrost-affected soils influence earth system model predictions of C-climate feedbacks; yet, only a few observation-based studies have estimated AL thicknesses across large regions and at the spatial scale at which they vary. We used spatially referenced soil profile description data (n = 153) and environmental variables (topography, climate, and land cover) in a geographically weighted regression approach to predict the spatial variability of AL thickness across Alaska at a 60-m spatial resolution. The predicted AL thickness across Alaska ranged from 0.14 to 0.93 m, with a spatial average of 0.46 m and a coefficient of variation of 30%. The average prediction error and ratio of performance to deviation were 0.11 m and 1.8, respectively. Our study showed mean annual surface air temperature, land cover type, and slope gradient were primary controllers of AL thickness spatial variability. We compared our estimates with Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) earth system model predictions; those predictions showed large interquartile ranges in predicted AL thicknesses (0.35-4.4 m) indicating substantial overestimate of current AL thickness in Alaska, which might result in higher positive permafrost C feedback under future warming scenarios. The CMIP5 predictions of AL thicknesses spatial heterogeneity were unrealistic when compared with observations, and prediction errors were several times larger in comparison to errors from our observation-based approach. The coefficient of variability of AL thickness was substantially lower in CMIP5 predictions compared to our estimates when gridded at similar spatial resolutions. These results indicate the need for better process representations and representation of natural spatial heterogeneity due to local environment (topography, vegetation, and soil properties) in earth system models to generate a realistic variation of regional scale AL thickness, which could reduce the existing uncertainty in predicting permafrost C-climate feedbacks. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Mishra, Umakant AU - Riley, William J Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 894 EP - 902 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 78 IS - 3 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - soils KW - CMIP5 KW - soil profiles KW - permafrost KW - monitoring KW - northern Alaska KW - climate change KW - observations KW - models KW - feedback KW - spatial distribution KW - thickness KW - Alaska KW - active layer KW - climate KW - remote sensing KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1618135132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Active-layer+thickness+across+Alaska%3B+comparing+observation-based+estimates+with+CMIP5+earth+system+model+predictions&rft.au=Mishra%2C+Umakant%3BRiley%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Mishra&rft.aufirst=Umakant&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=894&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fsssaj2013.11.0484 L2 - https://www.soils.org/publications/sssaj LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-30 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - active layer; Alaska; climate; climate change; CMIP5; feedback; models; monitoring; northern Alaska; observations; permafrost; remote sensing; soil profiles; soils; spatial distribution; thickness; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2013.11.0484 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bayesian hierarchical approach and geophysical data sets for estimation of reactive facies over plume scales AN - 1560123954; 20554801 AB - A stochastic model is developed to integrate multiscale geophysical and point data sets for characterizing coupled subsurface physiochemical properties over plume-relevant scales, which is desired for parameterizing reactive transport models. We utilize the concept of reactive facies, which is based on the hypothesis that subsurface units can be identified that have distinct reactive-transport-property distributions. To estimate and spatially distribute reactive facies and their associated properties over plume-relevant scales, we need to (1) document the physiochemical controls on plume behavior and the correspondence between geochemical, hydrogeological, and geophysical measurements; and (2) integrate multisource, multiscale data sets in a consistent manner. To tackle these cross-scale challenges, we develop a hierarchical Bayesian model to jointly invert various wellbore and geophysical data sets that have different resolutions and spatial coverage. We use Markov-chain Monte-Carlo sampling methods to draw many samples from the joint posterior distribution and subsequently estimate the marginal posterior distribution of reactive-facies field and their associated reactive transport properties. Synthetic studies demonstrate that our method can successfully integrate different types of data sets. We tested the framework using the data sets collected at the uranium-contaminated Savannah River Site F-Area, including wellbore lithology, cone penetrometer testing, and crosshole and surface seismic data. Results show that the method can estimate the spatial distribution of reactive facies and their associated reactive-transport properties along a 300 m plume centerline traverse with high resolution (1.2 m by 0.305 m). Key Points * Bayesian model to integrate multiscale data, including surface seismic data * Reactive facies approach to parameterize heterogeneous subsurface properties * Estimate flow and transport properties along a 300 m transect at high resolution JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wainwright, Haruko M AU - Chen, Jinsong AU - Sassen, Douglas S AU - Hubbard, Susan S AD - Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA. Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - Jun 2014 SP - 4564 EP - 4584 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Spatial distribution KW - Ecological distribution KW - Water resources KW - Lithology KW - Spatial Distribution KW - USA, South Carolina, Aiken, Savannah River Site KW - Plume behavior KW - Sampling KW - Plumes KW - Penetrometers KW - Testing Procedures KW - Rivers KW - Mathematical models KW - Facies KW - Seismic data KW - Model Studies KW - Stochastic models KW - Geophysical data KW - Behavior KW - Geohydrology KW - Water resources research KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - M2 556.18:Water Management (556.18) KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560123954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Bayesian+hierarchical+approach+and+geophysical+data+sets+for+estimation+of+reactive+facies+over+plume+scales&rft.au=Wainwright%2C+Haruko+M%3BChen%2C+Jinsong%3BSassen%2C+Douglas+S%3BHubbard%2C+Susan+S&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=Haruko&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=4564&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013WR013842 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Geophysical data; Facies; Ecological distribution; Water resources; Seismic data; Lithology; Sampling; Penetrometers; Stochastic models; Spatial distribution; Plume behavior; Water resources research; Rivers; Testing Procedures; Behavior; Geohydrology; Spatial Distribution; Plumes; Model Studies; USA, South Carolina, Aiken, Savannah River Site DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR013842 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial communities and greenhouse gas production in a thawing permafrost environment in interior Alaska AN - 1553089138; 2014-064695 JF - Abstracts - European Conference on Permafrost AU - Waldrop, Mark AU - McFarland, Jack AU - Euskirchen, Eugenie AU - Turetsky, Merritt AU - Harden, Jennifer AU - Manies, Kristen AU - Jones, Miriam AU - Jansson, Janet AU - Hultiman, Jenni Y1 - 2014/06// PY - 2014 DA - June 2014 SP - 108 PB - [varies], [varies] VL - 4 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - methane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - alkanes KW - thawing KW - temperature KW - geochemical cycle KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - thermokarst KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - central Alaska KW - ecology KW - Alaska KW - greenhouse gases KW - greenhouse effect KW - carbon cycle KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1553089138?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+-+European+Conference+on+Permafrost&rft.atitle=Microbial+communities+and+greenhouse+gas+production+in+a+thawing+permafrost+environment+in+interior+Alaska&rft.au=Waldrop%2C+Mark%3BMcFarland%2C+Jack%3BEuskirchen%2C+Eugenie%3BTuretsky%2C+Merritt%3BHarden%2C+Jennifer%3BManies%2C+Kristen%3BJones%2C+Miriam%3BJansson%2C+Janet%3BHultiman%2C+Jenni&rft.aulast=Waldrop&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+-+European+Conference+on+Permafrost&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/4653594/EUCOP4/2%20EUCOP4%20Book%20of%20Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth European conference on Permafrost N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-08-14 N1 - CODEN - #07345 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; bacteria; carbon; carbon cycle; central Alaska; ecology; geochemical cycle; greenhouse effect; greenhouse gases; hydrocarbons; methane; organic compounds; permafrost; temperature; thawing; thermokarst; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linkages between microbial functional potential and wastewater constituents in large-scale membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater treatment. AN - 1519848155; 24675272 AB - Large-scale membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been widely used for the municipal wastewater treatment, whose performance relies on microbial communities of activated sludge. Nevertheless, microbial functional structures in MBRs remain little understood. To gain insight into functional genes and their steering environmental factors, we adopted GeoChip, a high-throughput microarray-based tool, to examine microbial genes in four large-scale, in-operation MBRs located in Beijing, China. The results revealed substantial microbial gene heterogeneity (43.7-85.1% overlaps) among different MBRs. Mantel tests indicated that microbial nutrient cycling genes were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated to influent COD, [Formula: see text] -N, TP or sulfate, which signified the importance of microbial mediation of wastewater constituent removal. In addition, functional genes shared by all four MBRs contained a large number of genes involved in antibiotics resistance, metal resistance and organic remediation, suggesting that they were required for degradation or resistance to toxic compounds in wastewater. The linkages between microbial functional structures and environmental variables were also unveiled by the finding of hydraulic retention time, influent COD, [Formula: see text] -N, mixed liquid temperature and humic substances as major factors shaping microbial communities. Together, the results presented demonstrate the utility of GeoChip-based microarray approach in examining microbial communities of wastewater treatment plants and provide insights into the forces driving important processes of element cycling. JF - Water research AU - Sun, Yanmei AU - Shen, Yue-xiao AU - Liang, Peng AU - Zhou, Jizhong AU - Yang, Yunfeng AU - Huang, Xia AD - State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China. ; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China. Electronic address: yangyf@tsinghua.edu.cn. ; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China. Electronic address: xhuang@tsinghua.edu.cn. Y1 - 2014/06/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Jun 01 SP - 162 EP - 171 VL - 56 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Membranes, Artificial KW - Waste Water KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Municipal wastewater KW - Functional genes KW - Membrane bioreactor KW - GeoChip KW - Cities KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial -- physiology KW - Bacterial Proteins -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Bioreactors KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid -- methods KW - Waste Water -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1519848155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+research&rft.atitle=Linkages+between+microbial+functional+potential+and+wastewater+constituents+in+large-scale+membrane+bioreactors+for+municipal+wastewater+treatment.&rft.au=Sun%2C+Yanmei%3BShen%2C+Yue-xiao%3BLiang%2C+Peng%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong%3BYang%2C+Yunfeng%3BHuang%2C+Xia&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Yanmei&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+research&rft.issn=1879-2448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.watres.2014.03.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2015-01-12 N1 - Date created - 2014-04-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.03.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Systematic determination of absolute absorption cross-section of individual carbon nanotubes. AN - 1534796658; 24821815 AB - Optical absorption is the most fundamental optical property characterizing light-matter interactions in materials and can be most readily compared with theoretical predictions. However, determination of optical absorption cross-section of individual nanostructures is experimentally challenging due to the small extinction signal using conventional transmission measurements. Recently, dramatic increase of optical contrast from individual carbon nanotubes has been successfully achieved with a polarization-based homodyne microscope, where the scattered light wave from the nanostructure interferes with the optimized reference signal (the reflected/transmitted light). Here we demonstrate high-sensitivity absorption spectroscopy for individual single-walled carbon nanotubes by combining the polarization-based homodyne technique with broadband supercontinuum excitation in transmission configuration. To our knowledge, this is the first time that high-throughput and quantitative determination of nanotube absorption cross-section over broad spectral range at the single-tube level was performed for more than 50 individual chirality-defined single-walled nanotubes. Our data reveal chirality-dependent behaviors of exciton resonances in carbon nanotubes, where the exciton oscillator strength exhibits a universal scaling law with the nanotube diameter and the transition order. The exciton linewidth (characterizing the exciton lifetime) varies strongly in different nanotubes, and on average it increases linearly with the transition energy. In addition, we establish an empirical formula by extrapolating our data to predict the absorption cross-section spectrum for any given nanotube. The quantitative information of absorption cross-section in a broad spectral range and all nanotube species not only provides new insight into the unique photophysics in one-dimensional carbon nanotubes, but also enables absolute determination of optical quantum efficiencies in important photoluminescence and photovoltaic processes. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Liu, Kaihui AU - Hong, Xiaoping AU - Choi, Sangkook AU - Jin, Chenhao AU - Capaz, Rodrigo B AU - Kim, Jihoon AU - Wang, Wenlong AU - Bai, Xuedong AU - Louie, Steven G AU - Wang, Enge AU - Wang, Feng AD - Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; ; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; ; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; ; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; ; Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; ; International Center for Quantum Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; and. ; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720;Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 fengwang76@berkeley.edu. Y1 - 2014/05/27/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 May 27 SP - 7564 EP - 7569 VL - 111 IS - 21 KW - Nanotubes, Carbon KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - carbon nanotube optical spectroscopy KW - homodyne detection KW - excitons in carbon nanotubes KW - polarization microscope KW - Physics KW - Absorption KW - Nanotubes, Carbon -- chemistry KW - Optical Phenomena KW - Spectrum Analysis -- methods KW - Models, Chemical KW - Light UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1534796658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Systematic+determination+of+absolute+absorption+cross-section+of+individual+carbon+nanotubes.&rft.au=Liu%2C+Kaihui%3BHong%2C+Xiaoping%3BChoi%2C+Sangkook%3BJin%2C+Chenhao%3BCapaz%2C+Rodrigo+B%3BKim%2C+Jihoon%3BWang%2C+Wenlong%3BBai%2C+Xuedong%3BLouie%2C+Steven+G%3BWang%2C+Enge%3BWang%2C+Feng&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Kaihui&rft.date=2014-05-27&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=7564&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=1091-6490&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1318851111 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-09-02 N1 - Date created - 2014-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Nat Nanotechnol. 2013 Dec;8(12):917-22 [24213280] Science. 2009 Sep 11;325(5946):1367-71 [19745146] N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1318851111 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Microbial Diversity and Carbon Cycling in San Francisco Bay Wetlands T2 - 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting (JASM 2014) AN - 1548626605; 6293101 JF - 2014 Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting (JASM 2014) AU - Theroux, S AU - Hartman, W AU - He, S AU - Tringe, S Y1 - 2014/05/18/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 May 18 KW - USA, California, San Francisco Bay KW - Species diversity KW - Carbon cycle KW - Wetlands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1548626605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2014+Joint+Aquatic+Sciences+Meeting+%28JASM+2014%29&rft.atitle=Microbial+Diversity+and+Carbon+Cycling+in+San+Francisco+Bay+Wetlands&rft.au=Theroux%2C+S%3BHartman%2C+W%3BHe%2C+S%3BTringe%2C+S&rft.aulast=Theroux&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2014-05-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2014+Joint+Aquatic+Sciences+Meeting+%28JASM+2014%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sgmeet.com/jasm2014/sessionlist.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-30 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The energy and greenhouse-gas implications of internet video streaming in the United States AN - 1709172131; PQ0001859721 AB - The rapid growth of streaming video entertainment has recently received attention as a possibly less energy intensive alternative to the manufacturing and transportation of digital video discs (DVDs). This study utilizes a life-cycle assessment approach to estimate the primary energy use and greenhouse-gas emissions associated with video viewing through both traditional DVD methods and online video streaming. Base-case estimates for 2011 video viewing energy and CO sub(2)(e) emission intensities indicate video streaming can be more efficient than DVDs, depending on DVD viewing method. Video streaming benefits from relatively more efficient end-user devices than DVD viewing, though much of that savings is lost when accounting for the additional energy from network data transmission. Video streaming appears distinctly favorable when compared against any DVD viewing that includes consumer driving, which significantly increases the energy and CO sub(2)(e) emissions per viewing hour. Total US 2011 video viewing required about 192 PJ of primary energy and emitted about 10.5 billion kg of CO sub(2)(e). Shifting all 2011 DVD viewing to video streaming reduces the total primary energy use to about 162 PJ and the CO sub(2)(e) emissions to about 8.6 billion kg, representing a savings equivalent to the primary energy used to meet the electricity demand of nearly 200 000 US households each year. Sensitivity analysis indicates that results are most influenced by the end-user DVD player power demand, data transmission energy, and consumer travel for store DVDs. Data center energy use-both operational and embodied within the IT equipment-account for <1% of the total video streaming energy use. Results from this study indicate that designers and policy makers should focus on the efficiency of end-user devices and network transmission energy to curb future increases in energy use from the proliferation of video streaming. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Shehabi, Arman AU - Walker, Ben AU - Masanet, Eric AD - Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, ashehabi@lbl.gov Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - IOP Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 United States VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - life-cycle assessment KW - energy KW - greenhouse gases KW - data center KW - cloud computing KW - streaming video KW - Travel KW - Energy efficiency KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Data transmission KW - Environmental research KW - Energy consumption KW - Data centers KW - USA KW - Transportation KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Energy KW - Households KW - Emissions KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide emissions KW - Internet KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1709172131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+energy+and+greenhouse-gas+implications+of+internet+video+streaming+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Shehabi%2C+Arman%3BWalker%2C+Ben%3BMasanet%2C+Eric&rft.aulast=Shehabi&rft.aufirst=Arman&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F9%2F5%2F054007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensitivity analysis; Data transmission; Environmental research; Data centers; Carbon dioxide emissions; Internet; Travel; Energy efficiency; Life cycle analysis; Transportation; Households; Energy; Emissions; Energy consumption; Greenhouse gases; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/5/054007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Desulfobacterales as primary hydrogenotrophs in a complex microbial mat community AN - 1629943903; 2014-093865 AB - Hypersaline microbial mats have been shown to produce significant quantities of H (sub 2) under dark, anoxic conditions via cyanobacterial fermentation. This flux of a widely accessible microbial substrate has potential to significantly influence the ecology of the mat, and any consumption will affect the net efflux of H (sub 2) that might otherwise be captured as a resource. Here, we focus on H (sub 2) consumption in a microbial mat from Elkhorn Slough, California, USA, for which H (sub 2) production has been previously characterized. Active biologic H (sub 2) consumption in this mat is indicated by a significant time-dependent decrease in added H (sub 2) compared with a killed control. Inhibition of sulfate reduction, as indicated by a decrease in hydrogen sulfide production relative to controls, resulted in a significant increase in H (sub 2) efflux, suggesting that sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are important hydrogenotrophs. Low methane efflux under these same conditions indicated that methanogens are likely not important hydrogenotrophs. Analyses of genes and transcripts that encode for rRNA or dissimilatory sulfite reductase, using both PCR-dependent and PCR-independent metatranscriptomic sequencing methods, demonstrated that Desulfobacterales are the dominant, active SRB in the upper, H (sub 2) -producing layer of the mat (0-2 mm). This hypothesis was further supported by the identification of transcripts encoding hydrogenases derived from Desulfobacterales capable of H (sub 2) oxidation. Analysis of molecular data provided no evidence for the activity of hydrogenotrophic methanogens. The combined biogeochemical and molecular data strongly indicate that SRB belonging to the Desulfobacterales are the quantitatively important hydrogenotrophs in the Elkhorn Slough mat. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Geobiology AU - Burow, L C AU - Woebken, D AU - Marshall, I P G AU - Singer, S W AU - Pett-Ridge, J AU - Prufert-Bebout, L AU - Spormann, A M AU - Bebout, B M AU - Weber, P K AU - Hoehler, T M Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 221 EP - 230 PB - Blackwell, Oxford VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 1472-4677, 1472-4677 KW - United States KW - communities KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - microbial mats KW - California KW - intertidal environment KW - Monterey Bay KW - Monterey County California KW - Elkhorn Slough KW - sedimentary structures KW - Desulfobacterales KW - methane KW - living taxa KW - biogenic structures KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - alkanes KW - genetics KW - organic compounds KW - nucleic acids KW - RNA KW - hydrogen KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - DNA KW - coastal environment KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1629943903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geobiology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Desulfobacterales+as+primary+hydrogenotrophs+in+a+complex+microbial+mat+community&rft.au=Burow%2C+L+C%3BWoebken%2C+D%3BMarshall%2C+I+P+G%3BSinger%2C+S+W%3BPett-Ridge%2C+J%3BPrufert-Bebout%2C+L%3BSpormann%2C+A+M%3BBebout%2C+B+M%3BWeber%2C+P+K%3BHoehler%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Burow&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geobiology&rft.issn=14724677&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fgbi.12080 L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1472-4677 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; bacteria; biogenic structures; California; coastal environment; communities; Desulfobacterales; DNA; Elkhorn Slough; genetics; hydrocarbons; hydrogen; hydrogen sulfide; intertidal environment; living taxa; methane; microbial mats; Monterey Bay; Monterey County California; nucleic acids; organic compounds; RNA; sedimentary structures; statistical analysis; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12080 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of two-part Hooke's model (TPHM) to model the mine-by test at Mont Terri Site, Switzerland AN - 1567079286; 20468692 AB - The full-scale mine-by (MB) test conducted in 2008 in the Mont Terri underground rock laboratory (Switzerland) investigated the deformation and the coupled hydro-mechanical behavior of the Opalinus Clay in response to tunnel excavations. The Opalinus Clay is currently under investigation in Switzerland as a potential host rock for geologic disposal of high-level radioactive waste. To further improve the understanding and modeling of the coupled processes and their impact on the performance of a geologic repository in Opalinus Clay, a newly developed two-part Hooke's model (TPHM) was implemented into a geomechanical simulator. The comparison between simulated and observed results also indicates that laboratory-measured mechanical properties can be used to accurately predict field-scale mechanical deformations, as long as valid constitutive relationships are employed. JF - Computers and Geotechnics AU - Li, Lianchong AU - Liu, Hui-Hai AU - Birkholzer, Jens AU - Vietor, Tim AD - School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States, li_lianchong@yahoo.com Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 28 EP - 46 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 58 SN - 0266-352X, 0266-352X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Mine-by test KW - Hooke's law KW - Constitutive model KW - Numerical simulation KW - Opalinus Clay KW - Mont Terri KW - TPHM KW - Radioactive Wastes KW - Simulators KW - Waste Disposal KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Tunnels KW - Switzerland KW - Clays KW - Geotechnology KW - Rocks KW - Excavation KW - Modelling KW - Deformation KW - Mechanical properties KW - Q2 09102:Institutes and organizations KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1567079286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+and+Geotechnics&rft.atitle=The+use+of+two-part+Hooke%27s+model+%28TPHM%29+to+model+the+mine-by+test+at+Mont+Terri+Site%2C+Switzerland&rft.au=Li%2C+Lianchong%3BLiu%2C+Hui-Hai%3BBirkholzer%2C+Jens%3BVietor%2C+Tim&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Lianchong&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+and+Geotechnics&rft.issn=0266352X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.compgeo.2014.02.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Geotechnology; Simulators; Radioactive wastes; Tunnels; Mechanical properties; Deformation; Modelling; Radioactive Wastes; Rocks; Waste Disposal; Excavation; Clays; Switzerland DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2014.02.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental examination of the relationships among chemico-osmotic, hydraulic, and diffusion parameters of Wakkanai mudstones AN - 1560086539; 2014-066142 AB - Sequential permeability and chemical osmosis experiments on Wakkanai mudstones were performed to explore the relationships between the semipermeability of clayey rocks and the hydraulic and diffusion parameters as well as the pore structure characteristics. The wide ranges in osmotic efficiency (0.0004-0.046) and intrinsic permeability (8.92 X 10 (super -20) to 1.24 X 10 (super -17) m (super 2) ) reflect the variation in the pore size distributions of the Wakkanai mudstones. A regression analysis between osmotic efficiency and permeability shows that the osmotic efficiency is proportional to the inverse of permeability, suggesting that the permeability is indeed indicative of the degree of semipermeability. Osmotic efficiency was determined invariant with the effective diffusion coefficient for the Wakkanai mudstones (3.59-8.36 X 10 (super -11) m (super 2) /s) due to their small osmotic efficiencies (< or =0.046). The wide variation in osmotic efficiencies and pore structure characteristics of Wakkanai mudstones indicates that the nanoscale pores enable semipermeability in Wakkanai mudstones. However, the pressure evolution caused by chemical osmosis is limited by the connected wide pores that are the main conduits for water, thus dissipating the osmotic pressure buildup induced by the semipermeability of nanoscale pores. Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth AU - Takeda, M AU - Hiratsuka, T AU - Manaka, M AU - Finsterle, S AU - Ito, K Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 4178 EP - 4201 PB - Wiley-Blackwell for American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 119 IS - 5 SN - 2169-9313, 2169-9313 KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - Wakkanai Japan KW - hydraulics KW - Far East KW - mudstone KW - statistical analysis KW - rock mechanics KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - chemical properties KW - Asia KW - clastic rocks KW - regression analysis KW - permeability KW - Japan KW - Hokkaido KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560086539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.atitle=Experimental+examination+of+the+relationships+among+chemico-osmotic%2C+hydraulic%2C+and+diffusion+parameters+of+Wakkanai+mudstones&rft.au=Takeda%2C+M%3BHiratsuka%2C+T%3BManaka%2C+M%3BFinsterle%2C+S%3BIto%2C+K&rft.aulast=Takeda&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=4178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Solid+Earth&rft.issn=21699313&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F2013JB010421 L2 - http://onlineLibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%292169-9100 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; chemical properties; clastic rocks; diffusion; experimental studies; Far East; Hokkaido; hydraulics; Japan; laboratory studies; mudstone; permeability; regression analysis; rock mechanics; sedimentary rocks; statistical analysis; Wakkanai Japan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JB010421 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A strategy for coupled 3D imaging of large-scale seismic and electromagnetic data sets; application to subsalt imaging AN - 1560085352; 2014-065925 AB - Offshore seismic and electromagnetic (EM) imaging for hydrocarbons can require up to tens of millions of parameters to describe the 3D distribution of complex seabed geology and relevant geophysical attributes. The imaging and data volumes for such problems are enormous. Descent-based methods are the only viable imaging approach, where it is often challenging to manage the convergence of stand-alone seismic and EM inversion experiments. When a joint seismic-EM inversion is implemented, convergence problems with descent-based methods are further aggravated. Moreover, resolution mismatches between seismic and EM pose another challenge for joint inversion. To overcome these problems, we evaluated a coupled seismic-EM inversion workflow and applied it to a set of full-wave-seismic, magnetotelluric (MT) and controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) data for subsalt imaging. In our workflow, we address disparate resolution properties between seismic and EM data by implementing the seismic inversion in the Laplace domain, where the wave equation is transformed into a diffusion equation. The resolution of seismic data thus becomes comparable to that of EM data. To mitigate the convergence problems, the full joint seismic-EM inverse problem is split into manageable components: separate seismic and EM inversions and an intermediate step that enforces structural coupling through a cross-gradient-only inversion and resistivity-velocity crossplots. In this workflow, stand-alone seismic and MT inversion are performed first. The cross-gradient-only inversion and the crossplots are used to precondition the resistivity and velocity models for subsequent stand-alone inversions. By repeating the sequence of the stand-alone seismic, MT, and cross-gradient-only inversions along with the crossplots, we introduce the seismic structural information into the resistivity model, and vice versa, significantly improving the salt geometry in both resistivity and velocity images. We conclude that the improved salt geometry can then be used to precondition a starting model for CSEM inversions, yielding significant improvement in the resistivity images of hydrocarbon reservoirs adjacent to the salt. JF - Geophysics AU - Um, Evan Schankee AU - Commer, Michael AU - Newman, Gregory A Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - ID1 EP - ID13 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 79 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8033, 0016-8033 KW - petroleum exploration KW - imagery KW - three-dimensional models KW - offshore KW - data acquisition KW - controlled source methods KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - petroleum KW - inverse problem KW - elastic waves KW - direct problem KW - equations KW - resistivity KW - seismic methods KW - reservoir rocks KW - magnetotelluric methods KW - subsalt strata KW - marine methods KW - electromagnetic methods KW - velocity KW - seismic waves KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1560085352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysics&rft.atitle=A+strategy+for+coupled+3D+imaging+of+large-scale+seismic+and+electromagnetic+data+sets%3B+application+to+subsalt+imaging&rft.au=Um%2C+Evan+Schankee%3BCommer%2C+Michael%3BNewman%2C+Gregory+A&rft.aulast=Um&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=ID1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysics&rft.issn=00168033&rft_id=info:doi/10.1190%2Fgeo2013-0053.1 L2 - http://library.seg.org/journal/gpysa7 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-13 N1 - CODEN - GPYSA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - controlled source methods; data acquisition; data processing; direct problem; elastic waves; electromagnetic methods; equations; geophysical methods; imagery; inverse problem; magnetotelluric methods; marine methods; offshore; petroleum; petroleum exploration; reservoir rocks; resistivity; seismic methods; seismic waves; subsalt strata; three-dimensional models; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0053.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Poroelastic theory of consolidation in unsaturated soils AN - 1542645599; 2014-048950 AB - The theory of poroelastic behavior in a deformable porous medium containing two immiscible, viscous, compressible fluids was applied to the three-dimensional consolidation of unsaturated soils. Three coupled partial differential equations were developed that feature the displacement vector of the solid phase and the excess pore water and air pressures as dependent variables. These equations generalize the classic Biot consolidation model, which applies to saturated soils, with effective stress emerging naturally from a pure compliance formulation of the relation between stress and strain. Under uniaxial strain and constant total compaction stress, the equations simplify to two coupled diffusion equations for the excess pore water and air pressures. Analytical solutions describing the response to instantaneous compression under both permeable and semipermeable boundary drainage conditions were obtained using the Laplace transform. Numerical calculations of pore water pressure, effective stress, and total settlement were made for a soil with clay texture as a representative example. The results show that excess pore water pressure dissipates faster at higher initial water content, leading to higher effective stress. The loading efficiency also was found to be highly sensitive to initial water saturation. JF - Vadose Zone Journal AU - Lo, Wei-Cheng AU - Sposito, Garrison AU - Chu, Hsiuhua AU - Lu, Ning AU - Khalili, Nasser AU - Nikooee, Ehsan AU - Hassanizadeh, S Majid Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 12 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 13 IS - 5 KW - soil mechanics KW - elasticity KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - one-dimensional models KW - viscous materials KW - stress KW - unsaturated zone KW - equations KW - deformation KW - boundary conditions KW - immiscibility KW - effective stress KW - compression KW - consolidation KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542645599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.atitle=Poroelastic+theory+of+consolidation+in+unsaturated+soils&rft.au=Lo%2C+Wei-Cheng%3BSposito%2C+Garrison%3BChu%2C+Hsiuhua%3BLu%2C+Ning%3BKhalili%2C+Nasser%3BNikooee%2C+Ehsan%3BHassanizadeh%2C+S+Majid&rft.aulast=Lo&rft.aufirst=Wei-Cheng&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vadose+Zone+Journal&rft.issn=1539-1663&rft_id=info:doi/10.2136%2Fvzj2013.07.0117 L2 - http://www.vadosezonejournal.org LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Soil Science Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary conditions; compression; consolidation; deformation; effective stress; elasticity; equations; immiscibility; numerical models; one-dimensional models; soil mechanics; stress; three-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; viscous materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.07.0117 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of lateral property variations on fault-zone reactivation by fluid pressurization; application to CO (sub 2) pressurization effects within major and undetected fault zones AN - 1520104429; 2014-030250 AB - In this study, we performed in situ multidisciplinary analyses of two different fault zones in carbonate formations. One is a seismically active fault zone several kilometers long (the Roccasseira Fault Zone); the other is a small fault zone a few hundred meters long (the GAS Fault Zone). The smaller, "immature" fault zone displays a discontinuous damage zone, because tectonic deformations have been accommodated differently according to the initial properties of the host rock. The larger, "mature" fault zone displays a continuous damage zone caused by the presence of secondary fault cores embedded in a heavily fractured area inside the damage zone. These markedly different fault-zone architectures were reflected in two hydraulic and geomechanical fault models, both generated from a coupled fluid-flow and geomechanical simulator, to examine the impact of hydromechanical property distribution on fault stability when the faults are reactivated by CO (sub 2) injection. In the smaller fault zone, marked differences in hydromechanical properties (Young's modulus and permeability) favor fluid accumulation, inducing high pressurization in parts of the damage zone, potentially resulting in small seismic events. On the other hand in the mature fault zone, fluid flows more easily and thus fluid-induced earthquakes may not readily occur, because the fault-zone pressurization is much lower, insufficient for triggering a seismic event. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Structural Geology AU - Jeanne, Pierre AU - Guglielmi, Yves AU - Cappa, Frederic AU - Rinaldi, Antonio P AU - Rutqvist, Jonny Y1 - 2014/05// PY - 2014 DA - May 2014 SP - 97 EP - 108 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 62 SN - 0191-8141, 0191-8141 KW - carbon sequestration KW - Western Europe KW - Roccasseira fault zone KW - mechanical properties KW - Europe KW - elastic constants KW - reactivation KW - porosity KW - carbon dioxide KW - France KW - fluid injection KW - fluid pressure KW - applications KW - earthquakes KW - faults KW - Young's modulus KW - fault zones KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520104429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Structural+Geology&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+lateral+property+variations+on+fault-zone+reactivation+by+fluid+pressurization%3B+application+to+CO+%28sub+2%29+pressurization+effects+within+major+and+undetected+fault+zones&rft.au=Jeanne%2C+Pierre%3BGuglielmi%2C+Yves%3BCappa%2C+Frederic%3BRinaldi%2C+Antonio+P%3BRutqvist%2C+Jonny&rft.aulast=Jeanne&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Structural+Geology&rft.issn=01918141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jsg.2014.01.017 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01918141 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-01 N1 - CODEN - JSGEDY N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; earthquakes; elastic constants; Europe; fault zones; faults; fluid injection; fluid pressure; France; mechanical properties; porosity; reactivation; Roccasseira fault zone; Western Europe; Young's modulus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2014.01.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial community structure and function of nitrobenzene reduction biocathode in response to carbon source switchover. AN - 1508428874; 24565804 AB - The stress of poised cathode potential condition and carbon source switchover for functional biocathode microbial community influences is poorly understood. Using high-throughput functional gene array (GeoChip v4.2) and Illumina 16S rRNA gene MiSeq sequencing, we investigated the phylogenetic and functional microbial community of the initial inoculum and biocathode for bioelectrochemical reduction of nitrobenzene to less toxic aniline in response to carbon source switchover (from organic glucose to inorganic bicarbonate). Selective transformation of nitrobenzene to aniline maintained in the bicarbonate fed biocathode although nitrobenzene reduction rate and aniline formation rate were significantly decreased compared to those of the glucose-fed biocathode. When the electrical circuit of the glucose-fed biocathode was disconnected, both rates of nitrobenzene reduction and of aniline formation were markedly decreased, confirming the essential role of an applied electric field for the enhancement of nitrobenzene reduction. The stress of poised cathode potential condition led to clear succession of microbial communities from the initial inoculum to biocathode and the carbon source switchover obviously changed the microbial community structure of biocathode. Most of the dominant genera were capable of reducing nitroaromatics to the corresponding aromatic amines regardless of the performance mode. Heterotrophic Enterococcus was dominant in the glucose-fed biocathode while autotrophic Paracoccus and Variovorax were dominant in the bicarbonate-fed biocathode. Relatively higher intensity of diverse multi-heme cytochrome c (putatively involved in electrons transfer) and carbon fixation genes was observed in the biocarbonate-fed biocathode, likely met the requirement of the energy conservation and maintained the nitrobenzene selective reduction capability after carbon source switchover. Extracellular pilin, which are important for biofilm formation and potential conductivity, had a higher gene abundance in the glucose-fed biocathode might explain the enhancement of electro-catalysis activity for nitrobenzene reduction with glucose supply. Dominant nitroaromatics-reducing or electrochemically active bacteria and diverse functional genes related to electrons transfer and nitroaromatics reduction were associated with nitrobenzene reduction efficiency of biocathode communities in response to carbon source switchover. JF - Water research AU - Liang, Bin AU - Cheng, Haoyi AU - Van Nostrand, Joy D AU - Ma, Jincai AU - Yu, Hao AU - Kong, Deyong AU - Liu, Wenzong AU - Ren, Nanqi AU - Wu, Liyou AU - Wang, Aijie AU - Lee, Duu-Jong AU - Zhou, Jizhong AD - State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China. ; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China. ; Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA. ; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China. Electronic address: waj0578@hit.edu.cn. ; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. Electronic address: djlee@ntu.edu.tw. ; Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Y1 - 2014/05/01/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 May 01 SP - 137 EP - 148 VL - 54 KW - Aniline Compounds KW - 0 KW - Nitrobenzenes KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S KW - Fimbriae Proteins KW - 147680-16-8 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - nitrobenzene KW - E57JCN6SSY KW - aniline KW - SIR7XX2F1K KW - Index Medicus KW - Biocathode KW - Function KW - Carbon source switchover KW - Microbial community structure KW - Nitrobenzene reduction KW - Phylogeny KW - Biofilms -- growth & development KW - Genetic Variation KW - Genes, Bacterial KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S -- genetics KW - Electrons KW - Oxidation-Reduction -- drug effects KW - Electric Conductivity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Principal Component Analysis KW - Linear Models KW - Carbon Cycle -- drug effects KW - Aniline Compounds -- chemistry KW - Base Sequence KW - Autotrophic Processes -- drug effects KW - Fimbriae Proteins -- genetics KW - Electrodes KW - Biofilms -- drug effects KW - Cluster Analysis KW - Aniline Compounds -- metabolism KW - Carbon -- pharmacology KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- genetics KW - Nitrobenzenes -- chemistry KW - Bacteria -- growth & development KW - Bioelectric Energy Sources KW - Bacteria -- drug effects KW - Nitrobenzenes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1508428874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+research&rft.atitle=Microbial+community+structure+and+function+of+nitrobenzene+reduction+biocathode+in+response+to+carbon+source+switchover.&rft.au=Liang%2C+Bin%3BCheng%2C+Haoyi%3BVan+Nostrand%2C+Joy+D%3BMa%2C+Jincai%3BYu%2C+Hao%3BKong%2C+Deyong%3BLiu%2C+Wenzong%3BRen%2C+Nanqi%3BWu%2C+Liyou%3BWang%2C+Aijie%3BLee%2C+Duu-Jong%3BZhou%2C+Jizhong&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=Bin&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+research&rft.issn=1879-2448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.watres.2014.01.052 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2014-11-04 N1 - Date created - 2014-03-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-23 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2014.01.052 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frontiers of stable isotope geoscience AN - 1545408652; 2014-055281 AB - Isotope geochemistry is in the midst of a remarkable period of innovation and discovery; the last decade (or so) has seen the emergence of 'nontraditional' stable isotopes of metals (i.e., variations in isotopic compositions of Mg, Fe, Cu, etc.), a great expansion of mass-independent isotope geochemistry, the invention of clumped isotope geochemistry, and new capabilities for measurements of position-specific isotope effects in organic compounds. These advances stem from the emergence of multi-collector plasma mass spectrometry, innovations in gas source mass spectrometry, infrared absorption spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. These new observations demand new connections between isotope geochemistry and the chemical physics that underlie isotopic variations, including experimental study and modeling of vibrational isotope effects, photochemical isotope effects, and various nuclear volume and magnetic effects. Importantly, such collaborations also have something to offer chemists and physicists because the novel observations of emerging branches of stable isotope geochemistry hold the potential to reveal new insights into the nature of chemical bonds and reactions. This review looks broadly across the frontiers of new methods and discoveries of stable isotope geochemistry and the fundamental chemical-physics problems they pose, focusing in particular on the most pressing problems in: kinetic isotope effects in complex systems; mass independent isotope geochemistry (both the strong effects in photochemical reactions and the subtle variations of more conventional reactions); clumped isotope geochemistry; and the position-specific isotopic anatomies of organic molecules. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Chemical Geology AU - Eiler, John M AU - Bergquist, Brigit AU - Bourg, Ian AU - Cartigny, Pierre AU - Farquhar, James AU - Gagnon, Alex AU - Guo, Weifu AU - Halevy, Itay AU - Hofmann, Amy AU - Larson, Toti E AU - Levin, Naomi E AU - Schauble, Edwin A AU - Stolper, Daniel Y1 - 2014/04/24/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Apr 24 SP - 119 EP - 143 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 372 SN - 0009-2541, 0009-2541 KW - isotope fractionation KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - mass spectra KW - phase transitions KW - fluid phase KW - stable isotopes KW - NMR spectra KW - ligands KW - hydrologic cycle KW - whole rock KW - magnetic minerals KW - chemical reactions KW - carbon KW - spectra KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - diffusivity KW - speleothems KW - liquid phase KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - gaseous phase KW - isotope ratios KW - physicochemical properties KW - C-13/C-12 KW - properties KW - O-18/O-16 KW - hydrochemistry KW - solid phase KW - molecular structure KW - ICP mass spectra KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - solution features KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545408652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Geology&rft.atitle=Frontiers+of+stable+isotope+geoscience&rft.au=Eiler%2C+John+M%3BBergquist%2C+Brigit%3BBourg%2C+Ian%3BCartigny%2C+Pierre%3BFarquhar%2C+James%3BGagnon%2C+Alex%3BGuo%2C+Weifu%3BHalevy%2C+Itay%3BHofmann%2C+Amy%3BLarson%2C+Toti+E%3BLevin%2C+Naomi+E%3BSchauble%2C+Edwin+A%3BStolper%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Eiler&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2014-04-24&rft.volume=372&rft.issue=&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Geology&rft.issn=00092541&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chemgeo.2014.02.006 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00092541 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 235 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - CODEN - CHGEAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - C-13/C-12; carbon; chemical composition; chemical reactions; diffusivity; experimental studies; fluid phase; gaseous phase; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; ICP mass spectra; isotope fractionation; isotope ratios; isotopes; ligands; liquid phase; magnetic minerals; mass spectra; metals; molecular structure; NMR spectra; O-18/O-16; organic compounds; oxygen; phase transitions; physicochemical properties; properties; solid phase; solution features; spectra; speleothems; stable isotopes; whole rock DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.02.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Attribution of floods in the Okavango Basin, Southern Africa AN - 1542645798; 2014-048627 AB - In the charismatic wetlands of the Okavango Delta, Botswana, the annual floods of 2009-2011 reached magnitudes last seen 20-30 years ago, considerably affecting life of local populations and the economically important tourism industry. In this study, we analyse results from an attribution modelling system designed to examine how anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have contributed to weather and flood risk in our current climate. The system is based on comparison of real world climate and hydrological simulations with parallel counterfactual simulations of the climate and hydrological responses under conditions that might have been had human activities not emitted greenhouse gases. The analyses allow us to address the question of whether anthropogenic climate change contributed to increasing the risk of these high flood events in the Okavango system. Results show that the probability of occurrence of high floods during 2009-2011 in the current climate is likely lower than it would have been in a climate without anthropogenic greenhouse gases. This result is robust across the two climate models and various data processing procedures, although the exact figures for the associated decrease in risk differ. Results also differ between the three years examined, indicating that the "time-slice" method used here needs to be applied to multiple years in order to accurately estimate the contribution of emissions to current risk. Simple sensitivity analyses indicate that the reduction in flood risk is attributed to higher temperatures (and thus evaporation) in the current world, with little difference in the analysed domain's rainfall simulated in the two scenarios. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Wolski, Piotr AU - Stone, Daithi AU - Tadross, Mark AU - Wehner, Michael AU - Hewitson, Bruce Y1 - 2014/04/16/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Apr 16 SP - 350 EP - 358 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 511 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - geologic hazards KW - Okavango Delta KW - northwestern Botswana KW - global change KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - air pollution KW - floods KW - drainage basins KW - climate KW - global warming KW - risk management KW - rainfall KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - Okavango River basin KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - water balance KW - models KW - evaporation KW - Southern Africa KW - natural hazards KW - Botswana KW - Africa KW - greenhouse gases KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1542645798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Attribution+of+floods+in+the+Okavango+Basin%2C+Southern+Africa&rft.au=Wolski%2C+Piotr%3BStone%2C+Daithi%3BTadross%2C+Mark%3BWehner%2C+Michael%3BHewitson%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Wolski&rft.aufirst=Piotr&rft.date=2014-04-16&rft.volume=511&rft.issue=&rft.spage=350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2014.01.055 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-04 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; air pollution; Botswana; climate; climate change; drainage basins; environmental effects; evaporation; floods; geologic hazards; global change; global warming; greenhouse gases; human activity; land use; models; natural hazards; northwestern Botswana; Okavango Delta; Okavango River basin; pollutants; pollution; rainfall; risk management; Southern Africa; surface water; water balance DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.01.055 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleotectonics of a complex Miocene half graben formed above a detachment fault; the Diligencia Basin, Orocopia Mountains, Southern California AN - 1545407180; 2014-025873 AB - The Diligencia basin in the Orocopia Mountains of southeastern California has been one of the primary areas used to test the hypothesis of more than 300 km of dextral slip along the combined San Andreas/San Gabriel fault system. The Orocopia Mountains have also been the focus of research on deposition, deformation, metamorphism, uplift and exposure of the Orocopia Schist, which resulted from flat-slab subduction during the latest Cretaceous/Paleogene Laramide orogeny. The uppermost Oligocene/Lower Miocene Diligencia Formation consists of more than 1500 m of nonmarine strata, including basalt flows and intrusions dated at 24-21 Ma. The base of the Diligencia Formation sits nonconformably on Proterozoic augen gneiss and related units along the southern basin boundary, where low-gradient alluvial fans extended into playa-lacustrine environments to the northeast. The northern basal conglomerate of the Diligencia Formation, which was derived from granitic rocks in the Hayfield Mountains to the north, sits unconformably on the Eocene Maniobra Formation. The northern basal conglomerate is overlain by more than 300 m of mostly red sandstone, conglomerate, mudrock and tuff. The basal conglomerate thins and fines westward; paleocurrent measurements suggest deposition on alluvial fans derived from the northeast, an interpretation consistent with a NW-SE-trending normal fault (present orientation) as the controlling structure of the half graben formed during early Diligencia deposition. This fault is hereby named the Diligencia fault, and is interpreted as a SW-dipping normal fault, antithetic to the Orocopia Mountains detachment and related faults. Deposition of the upper Diligencia Formation was influenced by a NE-dipping normal fault, synthetic with, and closer to, the exposed detachment faults. The Diligencia Formation is nonconformable on Mesozoic granitoids in the northwest part of the basin.Palinspastic restoration of the Orocopia Mountain area includes the following phases, each of which corresponds with microplate-capture events along the southern California continental margin: (1) Reversal of 240 km of dextral slip on the San Andreas fault (including the Punchbowl and other fault strands) in order to align the San Francisquito-Fenner-Orocopia Mountains detachment-fault system at 6 Ma. (2) Reversal of N-S shortening and 90 degrees of clockwise rotation of the Diligencia basin and Orocopia Mountains, and 40 km of dextral slip on the San Gabriel fault between 12 and 6 Ma. (3) Reversal of 40 degrees of clockwise rotation of the San Gabriel block (including Soledad basin and Sierra Pelona) and 30 km of dextral slip on the Canton fault between 18 and 12 Ma. These palinspastic restorations result in a coherent set of SW-NE-trending normal faults, basins (including Diligenica basin) and antiformal structures consistent with NW-SE-directed crustal extension from 24 to 18 Ma, likely resulting from the unstable configuration of the Mendocino triple junction. JF - Lithosphere AU - Ingersoll, Raymond V AU - Pratt, Mark J AU - Davis, Paul M AU - Caracciolo, Luca AU - Day, Paul P AU - Hayne, Paul O AU - Petrizzo, Daniel A AU - Gingrich, David A AU - Cavazza, William AU - Critelli, Salvatore AU - Diamond, David S AU - Coffey, Kevin T AU - Stang, Dallon M AU - Hoyt, Johanna F AU - Reith, Robin C AU - Hendrix, Eric D Y1 - 2014/04/02/ PY - 2014 DA - 2014 Apr 02 SP - 157 EP - 176 PB - Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1941-8264, 1941-8264 KW - Northeast Pacific KW - Red Canyon KW - Canton Fault KW - Plush Ranch Basin KW - California KW - sedimentary rocks KW - San Andreas-San Gabriel fault system KW - rotation KW - thickness KW - exhumation KW - Pacific Plate KW - depositional environment KW - San Gabriel Fault KW - faults KW - systems KW - East Pacific KW - Eocene KW - dextral slip KW - structural controls KW - Transverse Ranges KW - Paleogene KW - paleogeography KW - Soledad Basin KW - conglomerate KW - provenance KW - Tertiary KW - plate tectonics KW - Southern California KW - North Pacific KW - parent materials KW - surveys KW - Orocopia Mountains KW - clastic rocks KW - crust KW - cross sections KW - United States KW - volcanic rocks KW - geophysical surveys KW - igneous rocks KW - detachment faults KW - sandstone KW - Diligencia Fault KW - crustal extension KW - San Gabriel Block KW - Cenozoic KW - gravity methods KW - Maniobra Formation KW - normal faults KW - upper Oligocene KW - tectonics KW - Mendocino fracture zone KW - restoration KW - paleocurrents KW - Diligencia Formation KW - lower Miocene KW - Hayfield Mountains KW - Diligencia Basin KW - sedimentation KW - geophysical methods KW - magnetic methods KW - Riverside County California KW - half grabens KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - Miocene KW - extension KW - San Andreas Fault KW - Neogene KW - alluvial fans KW - Pacific Ocean KW - unconformities KW - southeastern California KW - reconstruction KW - Oligocene KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1545407180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lithosphere&rft.atitle=Paleotectonics+of+a+complex+Miocene+half+graben+formed+above+a+detachment+fault%3B+the+Diligencia+Basin%2C+Orocopia+Mountains%2C+Southern+California&rft.au=Ingersoll%2C+Raymond+V%3BPratt%2C+Mark+J%3BDavis%2C+Paul+M%3BCaracciolo%2C+Luca%3BDay%2C+Paul+P%3BHayne%2C+Paul+O%3BPetrizzo%2C+Daniel+A%3BGingrich%2C+David+A%3BCavazza%2C+William%3BCritelli%2C+Salvatore%3BDiamond%2C+David+S%3BCoffey%2C+Kevin+T%3BStang%2C+Dallon+M%3BHoyt%2C+Johanna+F%3BReith%2C+Robin+C%3BHendrix%2C+Eric+D&rft.aulast=Ingersoll&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2014-04-02&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lithosphere&rft.issn=19418264&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FL334.1 L2 - http://lithosphere.gsapubs.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States | Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 115 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvial fans; California; Canton Fault; Cenozoic; clastic rocks; conglomerate; cross sections; crust; crustal extension; depositional environment; detachment faults; dextral slip; Diligencia Basin; Diligencia Fault; Diligencia Formation; East Pacific; Eocene; exhumation; extension; faults; fluvial sedimentation; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; gravity methods; half grabens; Hayfield Mountains; igneous rocks; lower Miocene; magnetic methods; Maniobra Formation; Mendocino fracture zone; Miocene; Neogene; normal faults; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Oligocene; Orocopia Mountains; Pacific Ocean; Pacific Plate; paleocurrents; Paleogene; paleogeography; parent materials; plate tectonics; Plush Ranch Basin; provenance; reconstruction; Red Canyon; restoration; Riverside County California; rotation; San Andreas Fault; San Andreas-San Gabriel fault system; San Gabriel Block; San Gabriel Fault; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; sedimentation; Soledad Basin; southeastern California; Southern California; structural controls; surveys; systems; tectonics; Tertiary; thickness; Transverse Ranges; unconformities; United States; upper Oligocene; volcanic rocks DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/L334.1 ER -