TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenic and clastogenic properties of 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2 (5H)-furanone: a potent bacterial mutagen in drinking water. AN - 81114085; 3315659 AB - 3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) was found to be a direct-acting mutagen in the Ames test for strains TA1535, TA1538, TA92, TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102. The highest mutagenic response (approximately 13,000 revertants/nmol) was seen in strain TA100. The TA100 response was six- to tenfold higher than in TA98, TA97, and TA102, and 100- to 500-fold higher than in TA1535, TA92, and TA1538. The addition of a 9,000 x g supernatant fraction (S-9) from livers of polychlorinated biphenyl-treated rats, along with cofactors for NADPH generation, resulted in a 90% reduction in the TA100 mutagenicity. MX induced chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells after 6-8 hr exposure without S-9 at a dose as low as 4 micrograms/ml, and after 2 hr exposure with S-9 at a dose of 75 micrograms/ml. The oral dose of MX lethal to 50% (LD50) in Swiss-Webster mice was determined to be 128 mg/kg. MX did not induce micronuclei in mouse bone marrow when administered by oral gavage at doses up to 70% of the LD50. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Meier, J R AU - Blazak, W F AU - Knohl, R B AD - Toxicology and Microbiology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 411 EP - 424 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Furans KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone KW - 77439-76-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Cricetulus KW - Ovary KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Rats KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Cell Line KW - Female KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Furans -- pharmacology KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- pharmacology KW - Cell Nucleus -- ultrastructure KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Furans -- toxicity KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Cell Nucleus -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/81114085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutagenic+and+clastogenic+properties+of+3-chloro-4-%28dichloromethyl%29-5-hydroxy-2+%285H%29-furanone%3A+a+potent+bacterial+mutagen+in+drinking+water.&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BBlazak%2C+W+F%3BKnohl%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1988-01-12 N1 - Date created - 1988-01-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A finite-difference electromagnetic deposition/thermoregulatory model: comparison between theory and measurements. AN - 81063608; 3117064 AB - The rate of the electromagnetic energy deposition and the resultant thermoregulatory response of a block model of a squirrel monkey exposed to plane-wave fields at 350 MHz were calculated using a finite-difference procedure. Noninvasive temperature measurements in live squirrel monkeys under similar exposure conditions were obtained using Vitek probes. Calculations exhibit reasonable correlation with the measured data, especially for the rise in colonic temperature. JF - Bioelectromagnetics AU - Spiegel, R J AU - Fatmi, M B AU - Ward, T R AD - Developmental and Cell Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 259 EP - 273 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0197-8462, 0197-8462 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Hot Temperature KW - Animals KW - Models, Structural KW - Thermodynamics KW - Electric Conductivity KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Energy Metabolism KW - Haplorhini KW - Body Temperature Regulation KW - Electromagnetic Phenomena UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/81063608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.atitle=A+finite-difference+electromagnetic+deposition%2Fthermoregulatory+model%3A+comparison+between+theory+and+measurements.&rft.au=Spiegel%2C+R+J%3BFatmi%2C+M+B%3BWard%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Spiegel&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.issn=01978462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1987-11-05 N1 - Date created - 1987-11-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxicology in regulation and risk assessment. AN - 81019525; 3308380 AB - It is well recognized that a wide variety of chemicals exert toxic effects on the structure and function of the nervous system. Regulatory agencies, charged with the protection of human health from toxicant exposures, should therefore consider neurotoxicological evaluations in the risk assessment process. Over the last decade, several expert panels have recommended testing schemes for evaluating neurobehavioral toxicity. In general, these panels have recommended behavioral measures performed in tandem with neuropathological evaluations. In keeping with these recommendations, the Environmental Protection Agency has developed seven neurotoxicity test guidelines for use in evaluating new and existing chemicals. Further refinement and extension of these test guidelines will flow from a better understanding of the cellular/molecular events which underly neurotoxicant-induced functional alterations. JF - Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics AU - Reiter, L W AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, N.C. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 354 EP - 368 VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 0379-8305, 0379-8305 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Nervous System Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/81019525?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developmental+pharmacology+and+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Neurotoxicology+in+regulation+and+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Reiter%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Reiter&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developmental+pharmacology+and+therapeutics&rft.issn=03798305&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1987-11-10 N1 - Date created - 1987-11-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Allylisopropylacetamide induces rat hepatic ornithine decarboxylase. AN - 78080009; 3508473 AB - In rat liver, allylisopropylacetamide (AIA) treatment strongly induced (25-fold) the activity of rat hepatic ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). By either the oral or the subcutaneous route, AIA produced a long-lasting induction (30 to 40 hours) of hepatic ODC activity. Three analogs of AIA, propylisopropylacetamide (PIA), allobarbital, and allylbenzene, were active ODC inducers while a fourth, allylacetate, was not. Although induction of hepatic aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthetase activity and the accumulation of hepatic porphyrins depend on the allyl moiety of AIA, this is not the case with hepatic ODC induction. Allylisopropylacetamide did not elevate serum alanine aminotransferase (SGPT) nor did it cause DNA damage, as measured by the alkaline elution assay. Thus, hepatic cell death is not a likely explanation of AIA's long-lasting induction of ODC. As AIA does not belong to any of the common categories of ODC inducers, it may be the chemical prototype of a new class of hepatic ODC inducers. JF - Journal of biochemical toxicology AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AD - Developmental and Cell Toxicology Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1987 SP - 215 EP - 223 VL - 2 SN - 0887-2082, 0887-2082 KW - Acetamides KW - 0 KW - Allylisopropylacetamide KW - 299-78-5 KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.17 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Chemistry KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Male KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase -- metabolism KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Acetamides -- toxicity KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase -- biosynthesis KW - Allylisopropylacetamide -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78080009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Allylisopropylacetamide+induces+rat+hepatic+ornithine+decarboxylase.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.issn=08872082&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1989-06-09 N1 - Date created - 1989-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of metal cations on pituitary hormone secretion in vitro. AN - 78069861; 3508475 AB - Increased body burdens of metal cations are known to affect adversely reproductive function in several species. The effects of these metals on gonadal function are well documented. In contrast, little is known about their possible direct effects on pituitary hormone release. The purpose of this study was to determine, in vitro, the effects of nickel, cadmium, and zinc (50 microM) on both baseline and potassium chloride (KCl)-stimulated pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (Prl), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) release. Anterior pituitary fragments from adult male Long-Evans rats were evaluated using a continuous-flow perifusion system. Baseline and stimulated LH releases were unaffected by nickel and zinc; however, cadmium caused an increase in baseline LH secretion. Baseline Prl release was decreased by zinc, while cadmium resulted in increased release of this hormone. Stimulated Prl release was lower during exposure to zinc but unaltered by nickel and cadmium. Following exposure to zinc, a rebound in stimulated release was noted for all three hormones measured. These results showed that the metal cations tested did have a direct effect on pituitary hormone release at a dose lower than those reported to alter testicular function in vitro. Furthermore, the changes in pituitary hormone secretion varied depending upon the metal and hormone being evaluated. JF - Journal of biochemical toxicology AU - Cooper, R L AU - Goldman, J M AU - Rehnberg, G L AU - McElroy, W K AU - Hein, J F AD - Endocrinology/Gerontology Section, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1987 SP - 241 EP - 249 VL - 2 SN - 0887-2082, 0887-2082 KW - Pituitary Hormones, Anterior KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Nickel KW - 7OV03QG267 KW - Prolactin KW - 9002-62-4 KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Thyrotropin KW - 9002-71-5 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Thyrotropin -- secretion KW - Prolactin -- secretion KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Male KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- secretion KW - Pituitary Gland, Anterior -- drug effects KW - Pituitary Hormones, Anterior -- secretion KW - Zinc -- toxicity KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Nickel -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78069861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+metal+cations+on+pituitary+hormone+secretion+in+vitro.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+R+L%3BGoldman%2C+J+M%3BRehnberg%2C+G+L%3BMcElroy%2C+W+K%3BHein%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.issn=08872082&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1989-06-09 N1 - Date created - 1989-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ontogeny of flash-evoked potentials in unanesthetized rats. AN - 78055131; 3503515 AB - The effects of age and stimulation frequency (0.2/sec, 1.0/sec, 2.0/sec, or 4.0/sec) on flash-evoked potentials (FEPs) were investigated in awake, unsedated, unrestrained rats. Animals were tested daily from postnatal day (PND) 8 to PND 20, and every 3 or 4 days thereafter until PND 41. On PND 9, a single negative wave (N1a) was observed following 0.2/sec flash presentation. Animals tested on PND 10 exhibited a positive wave (P2) following the return of peak N1a to baseline. On PND 13 another negative wave (N1) appeared on the leading shoulder of peak N1a. Peak N1 became the dominant negative wave on PND 14. Peak N1a merged into N1 and had disappeared by PND 19. Peak N3 was first observed as a negative shift following peak P2 on PND 15. Peaks N2 and P3 were not observed in the group average waveforms until PND 34. Peak latencies decreased through the fifth postnatal week. Peak amplitudes increased with age until after eye opening (PND 15), but were variable thereafter. No FEPs were observed following higher than 0.2/sec flash presentation until PND 13. Increasing stimulation frequency decreased N1 and P2 peak amplitudes, but had no effect on peak latencies. JF - International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience AU - Rigdon, G C AU - Dyer, R S AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Neurotoxicology Division/Neurophysiology Branch, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 447 EP - 454 VL - 5 IS - 5-6 SN - 0736-5748, 0736-5748 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Photic Stimulation KW - Reaction Time -- physiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- physiology KW - Visual Cortex -- physiology KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual KW - Cerebral Cortex -- growth & development KW - Visual Cortex -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78055131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+developmental+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+International+Society+for+Developmental+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Ontogeny+of+flash-evoked+potentials+in+unanesthetized+rats.&rft.au=Rigdon%2C+G+C%3BDyer%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Rigdon&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+developmental+neuroscience+%3A+the+official+journal+of+the+International+Society+for+Developmental+Neuroscience&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1988-11-23 N1 - Date created - 1988-11-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urethane affects the rat visual system at subanesthetic doses. AN - 77927724; 3432386 AB - Urethane is an anesthetic which is commonly used in neurophysiological studies because it is presumed to have minimal effects upon neuronal activity. This study investigated the influence of urethane anesthesia upon flash evoked potentials (FEPs) recorded from hooded rats. Subanesthetic dosages (25 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg) and an anesthetic dosage (1.0 g/kg) were administered, and subsequently recorded FEPs were compared to vehicle-injected controls. Urethane produced profound qualitative and quantitative effects upon the FEP. At 0.5 g/kg, the P1 (normal latency = 20 msec) and N1 (normal latency = 30 msec) peaks became unrecognizable. Peak N1 disappeared and peak P1 merged with P2 (normal latency = 45 msec). Peak P2 increased in amplitude by about 100%. The results indicate that in the visual system, urethane has a significant influence upon neuronal activity. Caution should be used in interpreting data obtained from urethane-anesthetized rats. JF - Physiology & behavior AU - Dyer, R S AU - Rigdon, G C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 327 EP - 330 VL - 41 IS - 4 SN - 0031-9384, 0031-9384 KW - Urethane KW - 3IN71E75Z5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Male KW - Urethane -- administration & dosage KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Anesthesia UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77927724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiology+%26+behavior&rft.atitle=Urethane+affects+the+rat+visual+system+at+subanesthetic+doses.&rft.au=Dyer%2C+R+S%3BRigdon%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Dyer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiology+%26+behavior&rft.issn=00319384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1988-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1988-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor concentrations of environmental tobacco smoke: models dealing with effects of ventilation and room size. AN - 77919875; 3323051 JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Repace, J L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 25 EP - 41 IS - 81 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Smoke KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Smoke -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Ventilation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77919875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Indoor+concentrations+of+environmental+tobacco+smoke%3A+models+dealing+with+effects+of+ventilation+and+room+size.&rft.au=Repace%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Repace&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=81&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1988-02-26 N1 - Date created - 1988-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of carbon monoxide in indoor air with a direct-reading detector. AN - 77916006; 3429007 JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Mage, D T AD - Monitoring and Assessment Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 191 EP - 201 IS - 81 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mathematics KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77916006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Determination+of+carbon+monoxide+in+indoor+air+with+a+direct-reading+detector.&rft.au=Mage%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Mage&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=81&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1988-02-26 N1 - Date created - 1988-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor concentrations of environmental tobacco smoke: field surveys. AN - 77909508; 3323049 JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Repace, J L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 141 EP - 162 IS - 81 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Index Medicus KW - Ventilation KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77909508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Indoor+concentrations+of+environmental+tobacco+smoke%3A+field+surveys.&rft.au=Repace%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Repace&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=81&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1988-02-26 N1 - Date created - 1988-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of the mutagenicity of chloroform. AN - 77881039; 2446868 AB - Although chloroform (CHCl3) is metabolized in vivo and in vitro to a substance that covalently interacts with protein and lipid, its potential for binding to DNA is low. In addition, most of the assays for genotoxicity are negative. However, many of the genotoxicity results are inconclusive because of inadequacies in the experimental protocols. The types of genotoxicity tests this report is based on include bacterial, yeast, host-mediated, Drosophila sex-linked recessive lethal, mammalian cell mutagenicity, sperm head abnormality, cytogenetic, and DNA damage. On the basis of presently available information, no definitive conclusion on the mutagenic potential of CHCl3 can be reached. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Rosenthal, S L AD - Reproductive Effects Assessment Group, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 211 EP - 226 VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - DNA Damage KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - DNA Repair -- drug effects KW - RNA -- drug effects KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Drosophila melanogaster -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- drug effects KW - Chloroform -- metabolism KW - Chloroform -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77881039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=A+review+of+the+mutagenicity+of+chloroform.&rft.au=Rosenthal%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Rosenthal&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1988-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1988-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecoregions of the conterminous United States AN - 51749927; 2005-016092 AB - A map of ecoregions of the conterminous United States has been compiled to assist managers of aquatic and terrestrial resources in understanding the regional patterns of the realistically attainable quality of these resources. The ecoregions are based on perceived patterns of a combination of causal and integrative factors including land use, land surface form, potential natural vegetation, and soils. A synoptic approach similar to that used to define these ecoregions is also useful for applications of the map. Initial efforts to use the framework are at the state level of resource management; they center on aquatic ecosystems--mainly attainable ranges in chemical quality, biotic assemblages, and lake trophic state. JF - Annals of the Association of American Geographers AU - Omernik, James M Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 118 EP - 125 PB - Association of American Geographers, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 1 SN - 0004-5608, 0004-5608 KW - Type: environmental geology map KW - United States KW - environmental management KW - habitat KW - terrestrial environment KW - natural resources KW - maps KW - land management KW - ecosystems KW - ecology KW - environmental geology maps KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51749927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers&rft.atitle=Ecoregions+of+the+conterminous+United+States&rft.au=Omernik%2C+James+M&rft.aulast=Omernik&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+Association+of+American+Geographers&rft.issn=00045608&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/raag LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AAAGAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; ecology; ecosystems; environmental geology maps; environmental management; habitat; land management; maps; natural resources; terrestrial environment; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of sediments of the lower Detroit River AN - 51023313; 1987-081588 JF - IAGLR Program AU - Giesy, John P AU - Graney, Robert L AU - Newsted, John L AU - Rosiu, Cornell J AU - Brenda, Ann AU - Horvath, Frank J AU - Kreis, Russell G AU - Evans, Marlene S AU - Eadie, Brian J Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - A EP - 23 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 30 SN - 1010-4224, 1010-4224 KW - United States KW - North America KW - toxic materials KW - Detroit River KW - sediments KW - environmental geology KW - pollution KW - Chironomous tentans KW - Michigan KW - Trenton Channel KW - Daphnia magna KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51023313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAGLR+Program&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+sediments+of+the+lower+Detroit+River&rft.au=Giesy%2C+John+P%3BGraney%2C+Robert+L%3BNewsted%2C+John+L%3BRosiu%2C+Cornell+J%3BBrenda%2C+Ann%3BHorvath%2C+Frank+J%3BKreis%2C+Russell+G%3BEvans%2C+Marlene+S%3BEadie%2C+Brian+J&rft.aulast=Giesy&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=&rft.spage=A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAGLR+Program&rft.issn=10104224&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 30th conference, International Association for Great Lakes Research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1987-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chironomous tentans; Daphnia magna; Detroit River; environmental geology; Michigan; North America; pollution; sediments; toxic materials; Trenton Channel; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotic and Abiotic Degradation Rates of Methyl Parathion in Freshwater and Estuarine Water and Sediment Samples AN - 19088726; 8900601 AB - Statistical analysis of degradation rates of methyl parathion samples from two Gulf Coast estuaries over a three-year period indicated that biodegradation occurred in the presence of sediment but was insignificant in water. Sediment rates always showed the same relative five-fold difference at a primary site within each estuarine area. Samples from 11 ancillary sites indicated biodegradation rates in sediments can be subdivided into two groupings which were independent of seasonal differences (excluding temperature). Spatial variations in rates , therefore, may be of minor environmental significance for this chemical in estuarine areas. (Author 's abstract) JF - Chemosphere CMSHAF Vol. 16, No. 7, p 1509-1520, 1987. 4 fig, 3 tab, 14 ref. U.S. EPA Grant CR-809797 and CR-809370. AU - Pritchard, PH AU - Cripe, C R AU - Walker, W W AU - Spain, J C AU - Bourquin, A W AD - Environmental Protection Agency Gulf Breeze, FL. Gulf Breeze Environmental Research Lab Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Parathion KW - Degradation KW - Pesticides KW - Biodegratation KW - Seasonal variation KW - Spatial variation KW - Insecticides KW - Methyl parathion KW - Estuaries KW - Sediments KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19088726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Biotic+and+Abiotic+Degradation+Rates+of+Methyl+Parathion+in+Freshwater+and+Estuarine+Water+and+Sediment+Samples&rft.au=Pritchard%2C+PH%3BCripe%2C+C+R%3BWalker%2C+W+W%3BSpain%2C+J+C%3BBourquin%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Pritchard&rft.aufirst=PH&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological Parameters of the TVA Eurasian Watermilfoil Management Program AN - 19085554; 8901993 AB - Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.), a submersed aquatic weed, has seriously interfered with many water uses in the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) reservoirs. Effective control of this noxious species has been obtained by combining water level manipulation and chemical treatment with granular preparations of the butoxyethanal ester and liquid formulations of the dimethylamine salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2 ,4-D). The drawdowns permit drying or freezing of stems and rootcrowns throughout the colonized littoral zone while applications of herbicides are made to selected treatment areas. The EPA established tolerances of 0.10 ppm in potable water and 1 ppm in fish flesh for 2,4-D use in the control of Eurasian watermilfoil in TVA reservoirs. (See also W89-01990) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Environmental Management of Water Projects. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton FL. 1987. p 35-47, 3 tab, 14 ref. AU - Stanley, R A AU - Gangstad, E O AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Reservoirs KW - Biological studies KW - Tennessee Valley Authority KW - Eurasian watermilfoil KW - Aquatic weed control KW - Aquatic weeds KW - Aquatic plants KW - Butoxyethanal ester KW - Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid KW - Herbicides KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19085554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Biological+Parameters+of+the+TVA+Eurasian+Watermilfoil+Management+Program&rft.au=Stanley%2C+R+A%3BGangstad%2C+E+O&rft.aulast=Stanley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for Aquatic Vegetation Management AN - 19083917; 8902001 AB - Aquatic vegetation consists of vascular plants which grow emergent in marshes and along shorelines, which float on the surface of water as individual plants or as tangled mats, and which are submersed except in some cases for floating leaves. In general, the fact that these plants are more likely to reproduce asexually rather than sexually is controlled in part by the amount of light and distribution or abundance. Nutrients are less likely to be limiting. Although chemical control is the most practical strategy, biological and physical methods are frequently preferred for the benefits to fish and waterfowl. Then, integrated weed management principles should be used to reduce the ' density'. (See also W89-01990) (Author 's abstract) JF - Environmental Management of Water Projects. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton FL. 1987. p 125-140, 201 ref. AU - Stanley, R A AU - Gangstad, E O AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquatic weed control KW - Vegetation KW - Aquatic plants KW - Chemical treatment KW - Vascular plants KW - Plant growth KW - Nitrates KW - Biological studies KW - Physical studies KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19083917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+Aquatic+Vegetation+Management&rft.au=Stanley%2C+R+A%3BGangstad%2C+E+O&rft.aulast=Stanley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of Water from Contaminated Wells AN - 19079254; 8902212 AB - The Drinking Water Research Division (DWRD) of EPA is responsible for evaluating the various types of technologies that might be used to meet the MCLs promulgated under the Safe Drinking Water Act and its Amendments. Because the source water for many utilities in the United States is groundwater, DWRD is especially concerned about conducting bench-, pilot- and field-scale studies on technologies that effectively treat groundwater. Technologies being examined are carbon adsorption, aeration, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, ozone oxidation, and ultraviolet light, some at the field scale and others at the bench and pilot scales. Carbon adsorption appears to provide removal for a wide range of organics whereas conventional treatment is revealed as a poor treatment for those compounds listed in the table. Packed tower aeration manifests itself as an excellent technology for volatile organic compounds and may have application for a limited number of pesticides. Ozone oxidation appears to be a good treatment technology for certain classes of organics such as simple alkenes and aromatics as well as certain similar, but more complex organic structures. Although only a few organics have been subjected to long-term testing via reverse osmosis, promising removals for several low molecular weight organics can be seen. (See also W89-02196) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Rural Groundwater Contamination. Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea , Michigan 1987. p 235-251, 4 tab, 25 ref. AU - Feige, WA AU - Clark, R M AU - Lykins, B W AU - Fronk, CA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water treatment KW - Groundwater quality KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Adsorption KW - Activated carbon KW - Aeration KW - Ion exchange KW - Reverse osmosis KW - Ozonation KW - Oxidation KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Volatile organics KW - Pesticides KW - Organic compounds KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19079254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+Water+from+Contaminated+Wells&rft.au=Feige%2C+WA%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BFronk%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Feige&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical Review of Factors Affecting Diquat for Aquatic Use AN - 19078999; 8901998 AB - Diquat is a quaternary salt of 4,4 ' - dipyridyl formulated as the dichloride or dibromide salts. Since the discovery of its herbicidal properties in the late 1950s, diquat has been used widely for the control of a broad spectrum of aquatic vegetation. Diquat compounds used as herbicides are diquat dibromide and diquat dichloride. Diquat dibromide is very soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcoholic and hydroxylic solvents, and practically insoluble in nonpolar organic solvents. It is essentially lipid insoluble and is stable in acid or neutral solutions and unstable under alkaline conditions. Commercial diquat formulations contain a corrosion inhibitor and a buffer. Diquat is adsorbed on soils by exchange reactions up to the cation exchange capacity of the soil, and the adsorption is essentially irreversible in montmorillonitic clays, but partially reversible in kaolinitic clays. Apparently, only a small portion of applied diquat is absorbed by aquatic weeds, and little translocation of diquat occurs. Ultraviolet light rapidly degrades diquat in aqueous solution. Diquat resists biological degradation in aquatic environments, but the presence of sorbents in the water in the form of particulate matter greatly influences diquat persistence in the aquatic environment. (See also W89-01990) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Environmental Management of Water Projects. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton FL. 1987. p 95-107, 53 ref. AU - Stanley, R A AU - Gangstad, E O AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquatic weed control KW - Diquat KW - Herbicides KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Diquat dibromide KW - Diquat dichloride KW - Alkalinity KW - Soil contamination KW - Chemical reactions KW - Chemical treatment KW - Water pollution KW - Aquatic weeds KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19078999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Technical+Review+of+Factors+Affecting+Diquat+for+Aquatic+Use&rft.au=Stanley%2C+R+A%3BGangstad%2C+E+O&rft.aulast=Stanley&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological Parameters Influencing Growth and Reproduction of Hydrilla AN - 19077627; 8901995 AB - Hydrilla verticillata Royle (Hydrilla), a monocotyledon, considered to be monotypic in the family Hydrocharitaceae, is an exotic submersed aquatic plant occurring in the U.S. It was first discovered as a U.S. infestation in Florida in 1960, and was apparently introduced from Southeast Asia. Since 1960, it has spread to widely separated locations across North America and has reached problem levels in most waterbodies where it has become established. Its broad ecological variability has enabled it to thrive in riverine and lacustrine environments in the southeastern U.S. and in irrigation and drainage canals in California. It can withstand variations in pH, alkalinity, and nutrient levels, and thrives at water temperatures above 17 C. Its salinity limit is about 12 to 15 ppt. It has the potential for establishment throughout the U.S. It is able to dominate an entire body of water rapidly through a variety of very efficient means of reproduction. At present, there are no known methods for complete eradication of this plant. There are no known natural enemies in the U.S. and biological control are still in the experimental stage. Mechanical methods have proved both costly and ineffective. Chemical herbicides have proved to be the primary tool for management of this aquatic nuisance at this time. (See also W89-01990) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Environmental Management of Water Projects. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton FL. 1987. p 63-70, 23 ref. AU - Stanley, R A AU - Gangstad, E O AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Rivers KW - Lakes KW - Canals KW - Hydrilla KW - Aquatic plants KW - Biological studies KW - Aquatic weed control KW - Aquatic weeds KW - Ecosystems KW - Hydrogen ion concentration KW - Alkalinity KW - Nutrients KW - Water temperature KW - Herbicides KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19077627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Drinking+Water+Perspective&rft.au=Cotruvo%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Cotruvo&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drinking Water Standards: Their Derivation and Meaning AN - 19076285; 8902210 AB - National Primary Drinking Water Regulations are being developed by the U.S. EPA for more than 80 contaminants in drinking water (many volatile organic chemicals, microbiology and turbidity, inorganic chemicals, organic chemicals, and radionuclides) under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Nonenforceable health goals, i.e., Maximum Contaminant Level Goals (MCLGs) are to be set at the no adverse effect level; and the enforceable standards, i.e., Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) are to be set as close to the MCLGs as feasible. Feasibility includes the availability/performance/cost of treatment technologies, the availability/capacity of analytical methods and other factors. The fundamental concepts and approaches used by EPA in setting MCLGs and MCLs are presented, and present, future and final MCLGs and MCLs are tabulated. (See also W89-02196) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Rural Groundwater Contamination. Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea , Michigan 1987. p 213-223, 7 tab, 2 ref. AU - Vogt, C AU - Cotruvo, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Water quality control KW - Standards KW - Maximum contaminant level goals KW - Toxicity KW - Water quality KW - Regulations KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19076285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Drinking+Water+Standards%3A+Their+Derivation+and+Meaning&rft.au=Vogt%2C+C%3BCotruvo%2C+J&rft.aulast=Vogt&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uses, Health Effects, and Environmental Concerns Regarding Aluminum Compounds Introduced onto the U.S. Market from 1977 to Present AN - 19074917; 8907314 AB - Information included in seventy-four premanufacture notices submitted by 26 companies to the Environmental Protection Agency for aluminum containing compounds, in the first ten years that the Toxic Substances Control Act has been in effect, is summarized. These premanufacture notices contain information on the manufacture, use, potential release to the environment, toxicity and possible human exposure. All the reported data have described inorganic aluminum compounds. Oral and dermal LD50 studies, eye and skin irritation and skin sensitization information were most commonly supplied. The Environmental Protection Agency concerns are highest for alkyl aluminums which present a severe burn hazard in the event of accidental leaks or spills. Aluminum containing products resulting from exposure of alkyl aluminum in air or water or from hydrolysis of aluminum alkoxides or carboxylates are Al(OH)3 and/or AL2O3. These compounds are insoluble in water at neutral pH. However, if wastewater streams containing Al salts are acidic, soluble hydrated aluminum species may be present. Soluble aluminum is toxic to fish at > 0.2 ppm (depending on the developmental stage and fish species). Settling ponds and waste pretreatment reduce Al concentrations in wastewater to less than significant levels. Aluminum in plastics presents little to no concern for environmental release. The weight percent of Al in the polymers is low (< 0.04%) and articles made of the polymer are eventually disposed to a landfill. (See also W89-07234) (Miller-PTT) JF - Preprints of Papers Presented at the 194th ACS National Meeting. Vol. 27 No. 2. Division of Environmental Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 1987. p. 387-388. AU - Houk, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Toxic Substances Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution sources KW - Water pollution effects KW - Path of pollutants KW - Aluminum KW - Inorganic compounds KW - Toxicity KW - Population exposure KW - Wastewater KW - Alkyl compounds KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19074917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Uses%2C+Health+Effects%2C+and+Environmental+Concerns+Regarding+Aluminum+Compounds+Introduced+onto+the+U.S.+Market+from+1977+to+Present&rft.au=Houk%2C+J&rft.aulast=Houk&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Inactivation Rate Data for Establishing Drinking Water Disinfection Requirements for Giardia Cyst Control AN - 19074708; 8907386 AB - The bases for the use of disinfection times contact time (C.t) values used to control transmission of microbial pathogens is discusses relative to inactivation of Giardia cysts. Available data is summarized for the C.t values and for different groups of microorganisms using the major disinfectants considered to have potential application for large scale use as drinking water disinfectants. It is important to note that E. coli, representing bacterial pathogens and the coliform group used as the indicator of finished water potability, has the lowest C.t values and, therefore, is the most sensitive to all of the disinfectants. Of the viral pathogens, polio virus 1, representative of the enteric virus group but seldom, if ever, associated with waterborne outbreaks, is substantially more resistant than E. coli to both free and combined chlorine. Rotavirus, a virus that has been responsible for waterborne disease outbreaks is very sensitive to free chlorine and ozone but, like polio 1, is highly resistant to chloramine. C. lamblia cysts (the species pathogenic for man) and G. muris cysts (the mouse model) are overall, with the exception of monochloramine, the most resistant to all four disinfectants. In addition to the overall high C.t values shown for free chlorine, there is a large range of values. The limits on disinfectant concentrations that can be used in water treatment and contact time limitations would make it difficult for many systems to meet some of the higher C.t values. In spite of the problems associated with the development of disinfection requirements based on C.t values, this concept provides a useful method for comparison of results by different investigators and for comparing the effectiveness of different disinfectants and the relative resistance of differing microorganisms. In the absence of a better approach and with development of a more comprehensive data base, use of C.t values can contribute to the establishment of more soundly based disinfection requirements than those currently used. (See also W89-07234) (Miller-PTT) JF - Preprints of Papers Presented at the 194th ACS National Meeting. Vol. 27 No. 2. Division of Environmental Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 1987. p. 760-763, 1 tab, 10 ref. AU - Hoff, J C AU - Rubin, A J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Water Engineering Research Lab Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water treatment KW - Drinking water KW - Disinfection KW - Microbiological studies KW - Giardia KW - Cysts KW - Bacteria KW - Chlorination KW - Escherichis coli KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19074708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Use+of+Inactivation+Rate+Data+for+Establishing+Drinking+Water+Disinfection+Requirements+for+Giardia+Cyst+Control&rft.au=Hoff%2C+J+C%3BRubin%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Hoff&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National Survey of Pesticides in Drinking Water Wells AN - 19072644; 8902656 AB - The reasons for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 's conducting the nationwide survey of pesticides in drinking water wells that is planned for over the next two years are explained. The goals of the survey are to obtain sufficient information to characterize pesticide contamination in the drinking water wells of the nation and to determine how pesticide concentrations in drinking water wells correlate with patterns of pesticide usage and with ground water vulnerability. The survey 's design and how it will be conducted are described. The statistical design, the analytical methods, the health advisories, and the questionnaire are discussed. The status of the survey planning effort is presented. (See also W89-02654) (Davis-PTT) JF - Ground Water Quality and Agricultural Practices. Lewis Publishers, Chelsea Michigan. 1987. p 7-11, 1 ref. AU - Kotas, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Drinking water KW - Wells KW - Pesticides KW - Survey KW - Environmental Protection KW - Groundwater KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19072644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=National+Survey+of+Pesticides+in+Drinking+Water+Wells&rft.au=Kotas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kotas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring the Nation 's Waters: A New Perspective AN - 19068910; 8910087 AB - Until recently, attempts to monitor the condition of the nation 's flowing waters focused on the physical and chemical characteristics of those waters while their biological communities were largely ignored. In addition, data were not collected in a statistically designed fashion. The Environmental Protection Agency, with the cooperation of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, conducted a statistical survey of the status of the nation 's waters, their fish communities, and the limiting factors affecting these fish communities. This study, the National Fisheries Survey, is one tool with which the EPA will continue to monitor national water quality. Among the major findings of the survey are that the majority of the nation 's streams (67%) are currently suitable as sport fish habitat, water quality factors adversely affect the fish community in 56% of the nation 's waters, and the ability of the nation 's waters to support sport fish did not change appreciably during the 5 years which preceded 1982--overall, 91% of the nation 's waters maintained a constant ability to support sport fish species during that period. (See also W89-10085) (Author 's abstract) JF - New Approaches to Monitoring Aquatic Ecosystems. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA. 1987. p 1-11, 4 fig, 3 tab, 6 ref. AU - Murray, T M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Toxic Substances Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Network design KW - Path of pollutants KW - Fisheries KW - Rivers KW - Water quality KW - Monitoring KW - Sport fishing KW - National Fisheries Survey KW - Surveys KW - Aquatic habitats KW - Habitats KW - Statistical analysis KW - Streams KW - River Reach File KW - Canals KW - Reservoirs KW - Fishing KW - Water pollution sources KW - Recreation KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19068910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Viral+Pollution+of+the+Environment+%28edited+by+G.+Berg%29.+CRC+Press%2C+Boca+Raton&rft.atitle=Removal+of+viruses+from+raw+waters+by+treatment+processes&rft.au=Hoff%2C+J+C%3BAkin%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Hoff&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Viral+Pollution+of+the+Environment+%28edited+by+G.+Berg%29.+CRC+Press%2C+Boca+Raton&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Information Management System for IPM Alternatives to Pesticides AN - 19068113; 8907310 AB - A computerized information systems for integrated pest management (and/or non-chemical alternatives) developed by the Office of Pesticide Programs of the Environmental Protection Agency for use on the state level is described. The decision-making system electronically accesses data bases of pest, crop and environmental information including resistance trends. Such a data and decision-making system could be critical to the States ' ability to make environmentally sound recommendations. The system could enable states to devise a program to manage groundwater contamination under a maximum contaminant level set by the Office of Drinking Water. States are required to prepare a management program which includes best management practices to reduce pollutant loading from nonpoint sources. The alternative site system could be used to assist in fulfilling this requirement. Each best management practice must be assessed for its impact on groundwater quality, and in many cases, integrated pest management practices are considered best management practices by the Office of Water Quality and Standards. The Environmental Effects Branch of the Office of Pesticide Programs identifies uses of new chemicals that may impact endangered species. The data base and decision-making system appears to be critical to the eventual alternatives chosen by the County Extension Agencies of the Fish and Wildlife Service after a potential threat has been identified. A national pesticide resistance monitoring program (involving Federal, State, and local agencies as well as the private sector), could identify resistance trends and focus resistance management efforts at the State level. The system being developed will be extremely useful for resistance management efforts. (See also W89-07234) (Miller-PTT) JF - Preprints of Papers Presented at the 194th ACS National Meeting. Vol. 27 No. 2. Division of Environmental Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 1987. p. 366-368. AU - Leslie, A R AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Integrated Pest Management Unit Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Data storage and retrieval KW - Information management KW - Water pollution prevention KW - Water quality control KW - Pesticides KW - Agricultural chemicals KW - Management planning KW - Pest management KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Nonpoint pollution sources KW - Drinking water KW - Decision making KW - SW 8020:Reference and retrieval KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19068113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Information+Management+System+for+IPM+Alternatives+to+Pesticides&rft.au=Leslie%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Leslie&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field Validation of the KPEG Process to Destroy PCBs, PCDDs, and PCDFs in Contaminated Waste AN - 19065136; 8907321 AB - Treatment data, regulations for treated materials, costs, and the potentials of chemical reagents prepared from polyethylene glycols and potassium hydroxide (the KPEGs process) for the destruction of a variety of halogenated pollutants are reviewed. Bench scale studies have already established conditions for polychlorinated biphenyl destruction to less than 1 ppm and PCDDs and PCDFs to less than 1 ppb. Toxicological tests have established that arylpolyglycol by-products from KPEG reactions are non-toxic. The non-toxic property of the by-products may allow for delisting and on-site disposal of treated materials. In July and August 1986, a 2700 gallon KPEG was used in Butte, Montana on a wood preserving site and in Washington on a waste disposal site to successfully destroy PCDDs and PCDFs (120 ppb to 200 ppm) in 17000 gallons of liquid waste to non-detectable levels. A prototype reactor designed to treat both liquids and solids was to be tested in 1987 on selected Superfund and Department of Defense sites. These field studies will have validated or established conditions in the prototype reactor for destruction of polychlorinated biphenyls, PCDDs, PCDFs to acceptable levels required by the regulations. (See also W89-07234) (Miller-PTT) JF - Preprints of Papers Presented at the 194th ACS National Meeting. Vol. 27 No. 2. Division of Environmental Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 1987. p. 433-434. AU - Rogers, C J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Lab Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution prevention KW - Water pollution treatment KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Field tests KW - Waste disposal KW - Toxicity KW - KPEG process KW - Waste treatment KW - Hazardous materials KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19065136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Field+Validation+of+the+KPEG+Process+to+Destroy+PCBs%2C+PCDDs%2C+and+PCDFs+in+Contaminated+Waste&rft.au=Rogers%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Institutional Framework for Protecting Groundwater in the United States AN - 19065082; 8910125 AB - A complex set of laws and institutions attempt to protect groundwater from contamination by toxic chemicals. In contrast to the programs established to respond to air and surface water pollution, no one federal law sets the standard for preventing and responding to groundwater contaminant discharges. State efforts to protect groundwater are spread out among an even larger number of laws and agencies. The patchwork of federal, state, and local laws fragments implementation responsibility among many federal, state, and local agencies. In spite of the fragmentation, certain common characteristics run through these laws, implemented by different agencies, at different levels of government. Groundwater contamination regulations fall into two basic categories: (1) cleanup and (2) prevention. A mammoth effort by federal, state, and local governments will be required to remedy these existing problems. However, groundwater once contaminated can rarely be cleaned up completely and only at great expense. Therefore prevention ultimately will be the most effective solution to groundwater contamination. A number of specific approaches or techniques for preventing groundwater contamination have been developed by states and by the federal government, such as implementation of drinking water standards and discharge standards for problem contaminants, groundwater classification systems that provide greater protection for regions with high-quality aquifers, well construction laws, construction and monitoring standards for underground storage tanks, hazardous waste disposal regulations, and regulations governing the siting and use of private septic systems. A smaller range of programs emphasizes cleanup. Superfund, administered by the Environmental Protection Agency, is the premier groundwater cleanup program. Determining when a cleanup or corrective action is complete is one of the most difficult decisions to be made on a site-specific basis. No clear set of standards or guides has yet been developed. Many lawmakers, experts, and members of the public see a need for additional, more complete laws and regulations to protect the valuable groundwater resource. (See also W89-10123) (Fish-PTT) JF - Planning for Groundwater Protection. Academic Press, Inc. New York. 1987. p 29-67, 20 ref. AU - Henderson, T R AD - Environmental Protection Agency New York. Region II Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution control KW - Chemical wastes KW - Toxic wastes KW - Legal aspects KW - Groundwater management KW - Cleanup KW - Federal jurisdiction KW - Local governments KW - State jurisdiction KW - Hazardous materials KW - Remedies KW - Drinking water KW - Discharge KW - Septic tanks KW - Superfund KW - Well regulations KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Institutional constraints KW - Governmental interrelations KW - Water quality standards KW - SW 2040:Groundwater management KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19065082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Institutional+Framework+for+Protecting+Groundwater+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Henderson%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Henderson&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coastal Monitoring: Evaluation of Monitoring Methods in Narragansett Bay, Long Island Sound and New York Bight, and a General Monitoring Strategy AN - 19064816; 8902325 AB - Biological, chemical, and physical monitoring methods are evaluated and a research strategy for coastal monitoring is presented. The purpose of the strategy is to provide a conceptual model for detecting contaminant-induced perturbations of marine systems. The proposed strategy represents a shift in emphasis from analysis of chemical concentration to an initial biological examination of the effects of contaminants on marine organisms. Evidence of adverse biological effects obtained in this hierarchical strategy would result in the application of chemical and physical techniques to identify the types and sources of contaminants. (See also W89-02317) (Author 's abstract) JF - New Approaches to Monitoring Aquatic Ecosystems. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA. 1987. p 107-124, 4 fig, 2 tab, 47 ref. EPA Contract 68-03-3236. AU - Phelps, D K AU - Katz, CH AU - Scott, K J AU - Reynolds, B AD - Environmental Protection Agency Narragansett, RI. Environmental Research Lab Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Environmental Policy KW - Monitoring KW - Water quality KW - Data collection KW - Coastal waters KW - Ecosystems KW - Narragansett Bay KW - Long Island Sound KW - New York Bight KW - Growth KW - Survival KW - Population dynamics KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19064816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Coastal+Monitoring%3A+Evaluation+of+Monitoring+Methods+in+Narragansett+Bay%2C+Long+Island+Sound+and+New+York+Bight%2C+and+a+General+Monitoring+Strategy&rft.au=Phelps%2C+D+K%3BKatz%2C+CH%3BScott%2C+K+J%3BReynolds%2C+B&rft.aulast=Phelps&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of Empirical Methodologies for Predicting Ground Water Pollution from Agricultural Chemicals AN - 19064629; 8902670 AB - The DRASTIC and LEACH Methodologies were applied to the Big Spring Ground Water Basin in northeastern Iowa in an attempt to predict groundwater pollution from agricultural chemicals. These are two methodologies, developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, evaluate the probability of agricultural chemicals contaminating the groundwater in any location of interest. DRASTIC focuses on classic hydrogeologic parameters. LEACH concentrates on the movement of pesticides through soil. The methodologies did not correlate with the field data. (See also W89-02654) (Davis-PTT) JF - Ground Water Quality and Agricultural Practices. Lewis Publishers, Chelsea Michigan. 1987. p 227-245, 6 fig, 5 tab, 7 ref. AU - Curry, D S AD - Environmental Protection Agency New York. Region II Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Path of pollutants KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Agricultural chemicals KW - Agriculture KW - Fertilizers KW - Computer models KW - Pesticide KW - Groundwater KW - Prediction KW - Model studies KW - Computer programs KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19064629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+and+Environmental+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Stack+sampling+for+organic+emissions.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+L+D%3BMerrill%2C+RG+Jr&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+and+Environmental+Chemistry&rft.issn=02772248&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multidecade Trend-Monitoring Program for Chesapeake Bay, A Temperate East Coast Estuary AN - 19057990; 8902324 AB - In the past two decades, Chesapeake Bay has experienced apparent increasing periods of deep water anoxia, poor spawning success by anadromous fish species, and unprecedented declines in submerged aquatic vegetation. These changes coincide with increased loading of nutrients and toxic materials from the surrounding 109,219 sq km drainage basin, which is experiencing significant changes in land use and population density. Concern by basin governments and citizens led ultimately to the establishment in 1984 of a 167-station monitoring network reporting to a common data bank. This program is designed to operate for at least 1.5 to 2 decades and to define trends in Bay water and sediment quality during that period. Twenty water and sediment quality parameters are monitored 20 times per year in the main stem and principal tidal tributaries. Collections link with studies of sediment organics, toxics, benthos, phyto- and zooplankton, and commercially harvested species. Data for 1984 indicate that large riverine inflows produced intense water column stratification and unusually widespread anoxia in the Bay main stem, but mixing events and wind forcing may temporarily reduce severity and promote reaeration. Early data sets indicate pulses of nutrient input into the estuary, nutrient regeneration in subpycnoclinal water, phtyoplankton response to nutrients, as well as instances of potential nutrient limitation. (See also W89-02317) (Author 's abstract) JF - New Approaches to Monitoring Aquatic Ecosystems. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA. 1987. p 91-106, fig, 2 tab, 19 ref. AU - Mountford, K AU - Mackiernan, G AD - Environmental Protection Agency Annapolis, MD. Chesapeake Bay Program Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Monitoring KW - Water quality KW - Data collection KW - Ecosystems KW - Estuaries KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Eutrophication KW - Chlorophyll KW - Government supports KW - Nutrients KW - Toxins KW - Phytoplankton KW - Zooplankton KW - Spatial distribution KW - Temporal distribution KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19057990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Multidecade+Trend-Monitoring+Program+for+Chesapeake+Bay%2C+A+Temperate+East+Coast+Estuary&rft.au=Mountford%2C+K%3BMackiernan%2C+G&rft.aulast=Mountford&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrolytic Respirometry Biodegradation Approach to Evaluate the Bioactivity of Microbial Consortia and Biocatalytic Commercial Products Used for Substrate Oxidation AN - 19057988; 8907267 AB - Electrolytic respirometry in biodegradation studies is discussed as a suitable experimental method for measuring the biodegradability and biodegradation rates of toxic priority pollutants. Inter-laboratory comparison studies were conducted using a Voith, Sapromat B-12 respirometer to measure the biodegradability of selected non-inhibitory, non-adsorbing compounds. The percent biodegradation data based on both the biochemical oxygen demand/theoretical oxygen demand ratios and on the percent of dissolved organic carbon removed, are reported for six test compounds: (1) tetrahydrofuran, (2) hexamine, (3) pentaerythritol, (4) 1-naphthol, (5) sodium benzene sulphinate, and (6) thioglycolic acid as well as the biodegradable reference compound, aniline. All compounds, except hexamine and thioglycolic acid, were observed to be easily biodegradable because they showed a high level of oxygen uptake within 10 days after the observed level of biodegradation first exceeded 10 percent of the theoretical oxygen demand. Biokinetic equations were developed from oxygen uptake curves. In these equations, the growth rate of microbial biomass is related to the rate of test compound disappearance from solution. Using these equations , straight lines expressing the exponential, declining and endogenous phases of the curve were developed. The specific growth rate constants of the exponential phase and the declining growth phase were determined from all slopes of the respective exponential and declining growth phase lines and the acclimation time values and the time values for the initiation and the termination of the declining growth phase for the test compounds , aniline and aniline/test compound mixtures were generated. The report includes respirometric studies to measure the biodegradabilty and develop biodegradation and microbial inhibition kinetics data for benzene and its alkyl, chloro- and nitro-derivatives. Benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and the o-, m- and p-xylenes were observed to be easily biodegradable at 100 mg/l concentration levels in media seeded with 30 microg/l of sludge biomass. Absence of bioactivity and acclimation of sludge microbiota is reported on the three chlorobenzenes at concentration levels of 100 mg/l in the respirometric culture systems. (See also W89-07234) (Miller-PTT) JF - Preprints of Papers Presented at the 194th ACS National Meeting. Vol. 27 No. 2. Division of Environmental Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 1987. p. 125-127. AU - Tabak, H H AU - Herman, R V AU - Bellen, GE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Water Engineering Research Lab Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Biological oxygen demand KW - Measuring instruments KW - Microbial degradation KW - Catalysts KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Biodegradation KW - Oxidation KW - Toxicity KW - Priority pollutants KW - Respirometers KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19057988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=The+embryotoxic+effects+of+ultrasound+exposure+in+pregnant+ICR+mice.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+CA%3BStratmeyer%2C+ME%3BGalloway%2C+W+D%3BLaborde%2C+J+B%3BBrown%2C+N%3BPinkavitch%2C+F&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of Pollutants on Plant and Animal Communities of the Gulf of Mexico: Ecotoxicological Assessment Techniques AN - 19057779; 8907252 AB - Several examples of ecotoxicological studies performed on organisms and communities from the Gulf of Mexico are discussed. The impact of weathered IXTOC-1 (oil spilled from the IXTOC-1 oil platform in the summer of 1979) on experimental benthic communities colonized in the laboratory and in situ was determined previously. Similar test systems that contained clean sand and water from Aransas Pass Inlet were placed in the laboratory and on the seafloor. No significant effects of oil were observed on laboratory colonized-communities. However, total density of macrobenthos and number of species were significantly reduced in the field-colonized systems, as was species composition. Oxidation-reduction potential measurements showed that oil reduced the depth of the oxygenated layer by approximately half. This reduction could eventually adversely affect subsurface benthic production and alter processes such as nutrient regeneration. Simultaneous laboratory/field studies were carried out in the Apalachicola Bay system of Florida and the York River estuary in Virginia to test the potential for (1) extrapolation from laboratory to field using benthic microorganisms, and (2) extrapolation from one site to a geographically different but ecologically similar site. Water quality conditions in laboratory microcosms were essentially similar to those in the field. The site-to-site comparisons showed similar results but reflected seasonal differences. Ecotoxicity tests have been conducted to determine effects of drilling fluids on marine organisms. Some tests were designed to determine acute lethality to mysids (Mysidopsis bahia) and others to evaluate system-level effects on seagrass communities. The drilling fluid adversely affected both structure and function of the experimental community. Several laboratory pulse-exposure experiments were conducted to model short-term field exposures of two estuarine crustaceans, pink shrimp (Penaeus duorarum) and Mysids (M. bahia) to the organophosphate insecticide, fenthion. Laboratory information was compared to data collected on these organisms in the field. Responses of the caged pink shrimp and mysids exposed to short-term pulses of fenthion in the field were similar to those tested in the laboratory. (See also W89-07234) (Miller-PTT) JF - Preprints of Papers Presented at the 194th ACS National Meeting. Vol. 27 No. 2. Division of Environmental Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 1987. p. 80-82, 4 ref. AU - Duke, T W AU - Parrish, PR AD - Environmental Protection Agency Gulf Breeze, FL. Gulf Breeze Environmental Research Lab Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquatic life KW - Marine environment KW - Water pollution effects KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Oil pollution KW - Toxicology KW - Estuarine environment KW - Symposia KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19057779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Pollutants+on+Plant+and+Animal+Communities+of+the+Gulf+of+Mexico%3A+Ecotoxicological+Assessment+Techniques&rft.au=Duke%2C+T+W%3BParrish%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Duke&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term Study of Ecosystem Contamination with 2,3,7 ,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin AN - 19053236; 8900603 AB - A review is presented of the final results of a long-term field study of an ecosystem contaminated with 2,3,7 ,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). The 15-year study focus is on a unique 3.0 sq km military test area (Test Area C-52A, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida) that was aerially sprayed with 73 ,000 kg 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and 77,000 kg 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) during the period 1962-1970. Data from the analyses of archived herbicide samples and from soil samples collected from 1970 through 1984 suggested that less than 1% of the approximately 2.8 kg TCDD disseminated on the test area persisted in the soil environment. Over the years of observation (1969-1984), approximately 341 species of organisms were observed and identified as associated with the test area. More than 300 biological samples were analyzed for TCDD, and detectable residues were found in 32 different species (mammals, birds, insects, reptiles, amphibians and fish). Examination of the ecological niches of the species positive for TCDD residue suggested that the commonality was a close relationship to contaminated soil. Studies spanning more than 50 generations of the beachmouse, Peromyscus polionotus, concluded that exposure to soil concentrations of TCDD in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 ppb have a minimal effect upon the health and reproduction of this species. (Author 's abstract) JF - Chemosphere CMSHAF Vol. 16, Nos. 8/9, p 1791-1815, 1987. 12 tab, 25 ref. AU - Young, AL AU - Cockerham, L G AU - Thalken, CE AD - Office of Science and Technology Policy Washington, DC Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Path of pollutants KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Water pollution effects KW - Dioxins KW - Ecosystems KW - Soil contamination KW - Pesticides KW - Herbicides KW - Agent Orange KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - Florida KW - Toxicity KW - Vegetation effects KW - Wildlife KW - Mouse KW - Mammals KW - Degradation KW - Photodegradation KW - Birds KW - Insects KW - Fish KW - Reptiles KW - Amphibians KW - Long-term studies KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19053236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Long-term+Study+of+Ecosystem+Contamination+with+2%2C3%2C7+%2C8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin&rft.au=Young%2C+AL%3BCockerham%2C+L+G%3BThalken%2C+CE&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technological Approaches to Removing Toxic Contaminants AN - 19052007; 8910127 AB - There are several alternatives for supplying drinking water to a municipality when its normal supply is contaminated. The term alternative refers to any alternate source and includes both new supplies or treatment of the existing supply. These technological approaches are often used when an existing supply is found to be contaminated. Among the various alternatives that might be considered are: (1) development of new or existing water resources; (2) blending of a new and uncontaminated water supply to achieve safe levels; (3) treatment at the well head or each point of consumption (rapid mix, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, chemical feed and handling, disinfection, softening, sludge handling, ion exchange , adsorption, reverse osmosis, and aeration); (4) connection to alternative existing municipal or private supplies; (5) oversized community storage facilities to compensate for loss of existing system capacity; and (6) alteration of existing groundwater flows. (See also W89-10123) (Fish-PTT) JF - Planning for Groundwater Protection. Academic Press, Inc. New York. 1987. p 89-123, 25 tab, 17 ref. AU - Clark, R M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water treatment KW - Storage requirements KW - Groundwater management KW - Drinking water KW - Water supply development KW - Alternative water use KW - Coagulation KW - Flocculation KW - Sedimentation KW - Filtration KW - Chemical treatment KW - Disinfection KW - Water softening KW - Sludge KW - Ion exchange KW - Adsorption KW - Reverse osmosis KW - Aeration KW - SW 2040:Groundwater management KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19052007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Technological+Approaches+to+Removing+Toxic+Contaminants&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground Water Management in Northeastern Illinois: Upconing of Mineralized Water in the Mt. Simon Formation AN - 19031673; 8811038 AB - The deepest strata in northeastern Illinois, the Mt. Simon, contain mineralized water in all but the top 300 feet of the formation, which is a source of potable water. Pumpage from the overlying Cambro-Ordovician aquifer has caused a decrease in the piezometric surface exceeding 900 feet. This suggests that upconing of the mineralized water might occur, threatening the quality of a major groundwater-supply system for northeastern Illinois. Evidence for upconing is provided by chemical analyses of water samples, increases in the total dissolved solids of water pumped, and a coarse calculation for upconing. A vertical, two-dimensional, finite-difference groundwater-flow model was written to study the flow system and the upconing of the mineralized water. From model simulations, it was determined that the natural flow system of the Mt. Simon consists of a large recharge area to the northwest of the study area, a smaller discharge area to the southeast, and very slow flow in all but the upper 150 feet (50 m) of the formation. The upconing presented in the model would account for an increase in total dissolved solids as a function of time and increased pumpage from the system. (See also W88-11031) (Author 's abstract) JF - Proceedings of the NWWA FOCUS Conference on Midwestern Ground Water Issues. National Water Well Association, Dublin OH. 1987. p 93-116, 11 fig, 38 ref. AU - Barnes, MJ AD - Environmental Protection Agency Chicago, IL. Region V Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Illinois KW - Upconing KW - Groundwater movement KW - Saline water intrusion KW - Model studies KW - Groundwater management KW - Mineral water KW - Geologic formations KW - Potable water KW - Water table decline KW - Water quality KW - Dissolved solids KW - Pumpage KW - Simulation KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19031673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Ground+Water+Management+in+Northeastern+Illinois%3A+Upconing+of+Mineralized+Water+in+the+Mt.+Simon+Formation&rft.au=Barnes%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Algal-Induced Decay and Formation of Hydrogen Peroxide in Water: Its Possible Role in Oxidation of Anilines by Algae AN - 19030983; 8808536 AB - The rates of decomposition and photoproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by several green and blue-green algae in water were studied. Results suggest that algae have an important influence on the environmental concentration of H2O2, a widely distributed oxidant in natural waters. The algal-catalyzed decomposition of H2O2 in the dark was second-order overall, first order with respect to H2O2, and first-order with respect to algal biomass. Exposure of algal suspensions to sunlight resulted in a buildup of H202, indicating that algae can photoproduce as well as decompose this oxidant. Kinetic results for the algal-induced photooxidation of substituted anilines are presented and a mechanism involving the intermediacy of H2O2 is discussed. (See also W88-08526) (Author 's abstract) JF - Photochemistry of Environmental Aquatic Systems. ACS Symposium Series No. 327. American Chemical Society, Washington D.C. 1987. p 215-224, 6 fig, 3 tab, 16 ref. AU - Zepp, R G AU - Skurlatov, YI AU - Pierce, J T AD - Environmental Protection Agency Athens, GA. Southeast Environmental Research Lab Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Algae KW - Chemical degradation KW - Decomposition KW - Water chemistry KW - Photochemistry KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Biomass KW - Sunlight KW - Oxidation KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19030983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Algal-Induced+Decay+and+Formation+of+Hydrogen+Peroxide+in+Water%3A+Its+Possible+Role+in+Oxidation+of+Anilines+by+Algae&rft.au=Zepp%2C+R+G%3BSkurlatov%2C+YI%3BPierce%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenic and Clastogenic Properties of 3-Chloro-4-(Dichloromethyl)-5-Hydroxy-2(5H)-Furanone: A Potent Bacterial Mutagen in Drinking Water AN - 19030762; 8806964 AB - 3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) was found to be a direct-acting mutagen in the Ames test for strains TA1535, TA1538, TA92, TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102. The highest mutagenic response (approx. 13,000 revertants/nmol) was seen in strain TA100. The TA100 response was six- to tenfold higher than in TA98, TA97, and TA102, and 100- to 500-fold higher than in TA1535, TA92, and TA1538. The addition of a 9,000 x g supernatant fraction (S-9) from livers of polychlorinated biphenyl-treated rats, along with cofactors for NADPH generation , resulted in a 90% reduction in the TA100 mutagenicity. MX induced chromosomal aberrations in chinese hamster ovary cells after 6-8 hr exposure without S-9 at a dose as low as 4 microgram/ml, and after 2 hr exposure with S-9 at a dose of 75 microgram/ml. The oral dose of MX lethal to 50% (LD50) in Swiss-Webster mice was determined to be 128 mg/kg. MX did not induce micronuclei in mouse bone marrow when administered by oral gavage at doses up to 70% of the LD50. (Author 's abstract) JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis Vol. 10, No. 4, p 411-424, 1987. 4 fig, 5 tab, 19 ref. Cooperative agreement CR-812579. AU - Meier, J R AU - Blazak, W F AU - Knohl, R B AD - Toxicology and Microbiology Division Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Chlorination KW - Mutagenicity KW - Drinking water KW - Toxicity KW - Hydrogen ion concentration KW - Water pollution effects KW - Hamsters KW - Morbidity KW - Organic compounds KW - Polychlorinated biphenals KW - Dose-response relationships KW - Population exposure KW - Microbiological studies KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19030762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Mutagenic+and+Clastogenic+Properties+of+3-Chloro-4-%28Dichloromethyl%29-5-Hydroxy-2%285H%29-Furanone%3A+A+Potent+Bacterial+Mutagen+in+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BBlazak%2C+W+F%3BKnohl%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk Assessment and Control Decisions for Protecting Drinking Water Quality AN - 19030347; 8807817 AB - Risk evaluation processes, as they have been applied to drinking water standards and guidelines, are described. Traditional risk assessments and standards are based upon single chemical toxicology. They typically assume that no significant interactions occur at the low levels at which chemicals are commonly found in the environment. Newer evaluation techniques might permit development of standards based upon indications of hazard from exposure to the actual environmental mixtures. New concentration techniques and biological indicator measurements will be the keys to this possible innovation in water regulation. If improvements are expected in the ability to assess risks from the consumption of drinking water, concentrates from several sources of varying quality (including reuse systems) should be tested by these techniques to determine relative qualities of these waters and to compare the results with single toxicology predictions. Numerous calculation models have been suggested but none have a strong biological basis and none are verifiable in the range of environmental exposure which can be six orders of magnitude below animal test dose. Model selection will have a profound effect on lose-dose risks. The one-hit or linear multistage models should be used because they are usually among the more conservative procedures. (See also W88-07783) (Author 's abstract) JF - Organic Pollutants in Water: Sampling, Analysis, and Toxicity Testing. Advances in Chemistry Series No. 214. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 1987. p 693-733, 5 fig, 4 tab, 47 ref. AU - Cotruvo, JA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Water quality KW - Risk assessment KW - Standards KW - Chemical analysis KW - Water quality management KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19030347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Risk+Assessment+and+Control+Decisions+for+Protecting+Drinking+Water+Quality&rft.au=Cotruvo%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Cotruvo&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of USEPA/Clear Lake Erie Sediment Oxygen Demand Investigations During 1979 AN - 19027764; 8806415 AB - In situ hypolimnetic oxygen depletion measurements were conducted during four summer cruises in 1979 at two central basin stations in Lake Erie to evaluate the relative contribution of the sediments to the oxygen demand. Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) rates were determined by measuring the rate of oxygen decrease within a triangular benthic chamber; water column oxygen demand (WOD) rates were determined using 24-hour light and dark bottles placed in situ. Results indicated that the SOD contribution to the hypolimnetic oxygen depletion rate decreased throughout the summer from about 81% to only 30% with an initially high rate due to spring algal biomass sedimentation and lower rates in late summer due to depressed oxygen levels. The WOD rate contribution increased from 19% to 70% throughout the stratified period due to the decomposition of settling algal cells. Comparing the overall volumetric summer in situ rates (0.126 mg O2/L/day) with cruise-interval depletion rates (0.365 mg O2/L/day), the in situ rates were about 300% higher. This is attributed to unaccounted oxygen sources to the hypolimnion and because the in situ rates measure the gross WOD and SOD rather than measuring the net effects they exert. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research JGLRDE Vol. 13, No. 4, p 731-737, 1987. 3 fig, 1 tab, 24 ref. USEPA Grant Nos. R804612030 and R005516001. AU - Davis, W S AU - Fay, LA AU - Herdendorf, CE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Chicago, IL. Environmental Services Div Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sediment oxygen demand KW - Oxygen depletion KW - Lake Erie KW - Limnology KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Great Lakes KW - Lakes KW - Surveys KW - Algae KW - Sediments KW - Biological oxygen demand KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Seasonal variation KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19027764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+38th+Industrial+Waste+Conference.+Purdue+University&rft.atitle=Activated+sludge+with+powdered+activated+carbon+treatment+of+a+dyes+and+pigments+processing+wastewater&rft.au=Shaul%2C+G+M%3BBarnett%2C+M+W%3BNeiheisel%2C+T+W%3BDostal%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Shaul&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+38th+Industrial+Waste+Conference.+Purdue+University&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Policies Relating to Groundwater and Biofouling AN - 19027151; 8805725 AB - The growing problem of groundwater contamination has greatly challenged the ingenuity and institutional capacity of government at all levels. For many reasons, protecting groundwater is substantially more difficult than protecting air and surface water. In August 1984, EPA released its Ground Water Protection Strategy. Overall the Strategy was designed to rationalize and better use the many statutes EPA has for protecting groundwater. Thus, it focused on achieving four broad objectives: to enhance State programs, to deal more effectively with groundwater problems of major national concern, to create a policy framework for guiding EPA programs, and to strengthen EPA 's internal groundwater organization. The following three-class system was set up to help define EPA management strategies that reflect the use, value and vulnerability of the resource: Class I is defined as ' special groundwater; Class II is defined as current and potential sources of drinking water and waters having other beneficial uses; and Class III is defined as groundwater not considered a potential source of drinking water and of limited beneficial use. Extensive economic costs exist and will continue to exist because of these organisms. Basic problems include the following: (1) Increased cost of pumping due to aquifer, screen and pump clogging; (2) Loss of potable water supply; (3) Deterioration of water quality; (4) Continuing frequent maintenance expense, including cost of manpower, cost of equipment, and cost of chemicals; (5) Frequent replacement of pumping and distribution components; (6) Replacement of water source (if possible); (7) Treatment of water from contaminated source; and (8) Loss of local industry from poor water quality. (See also W88-05724) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the 1986 International Symposium on Biofouled Aquifers: Prevention and Restoration 1987. p 1-5. AU - Ravan, JE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Atlanta, GA. Region IV Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquifer characteristics KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Biofouling KW - Groundwater quality KW - Water quality management KW - Management planning KW - Public policy KW - Costs KW - Drinking water KW - Water supply KW - Fouling KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19027151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Policies+Relating+to+Groundwater+and+Biofouling&rft.au=Ravan%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Ravan&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigating the Toxicology of Complex Mixtures in Drinking Waters AN - 19025876; 8807819 AB - Assessment of health hazards associated with drinking water obtained from any source that is potentially contaminated requires knowledge of: (1) the chemicals that are contaminants of that source; (2) the relative concentrations of those contaminants; (3) some objective indication of a potential for producing adverse health effects; and (4) the relationship between the dose of these chemicals and the adverse effects. In general, the more complete this information is, the more confident one can feel about the assessment of risks. The approach of testing a prepared concentrate of a water sample was evaluated versus identifying all the constituents and preparing synthetic mixtures of them. Both approaches have substantial drawbacks. However, critical examination of these methods suggests that they might actually be considered as complementary approaches rather than as alternatives. (See also W88-07783) (Author 's abstract) JF - Organic Pollutants in Water: Sampling, Analysis, and Toxicity Testing. Advances in Chemistry Series No. 214. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 1987. p 751-761, 8 ref. AU - Bull, R J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Toxicology and Microbiology Div Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Toxicology KW - Drinking water KW - Water analysis KW - Risk assessment KW - Water pollution effects KW - Health effects KW - Pollutant identification KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19025876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Investigating+the+Toxicology+of+Complex+Mixtures+in+Drinking+Waters&rft.au=Bull%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Bull&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of Estuarine Macrofauna Colonizing Sediments Contaminated with Fenvalerate AN - 19016310; 8806923 AB - Macrobenthic animal communities that colonized uncontaminated and fenvalerate-contaminated sand (0.1, 1 and 10 micrograms/g dry weight, nominal) in boxes placed for 8 weeks in an estuary were compared to assess effects of fenvalerate on community structure. As much as 27% of initial concentrations of this synthetic pyrethrin persisted in sediment at the end of the test. The average number of species (35.6) in communities in five replicates exposed to 10 micrograms/g was significantly less than that in the control (47.8) and lower concentrations (45.0 and 46.2). Of the dominant phyla collected (Annelida, Mollusca, Chordata and Arthropoda), abundance of chordates only (primarily lancelets, Branchiostoma caribaeum) was reduced by 10 micrograms fenvalerate/g. Biological indices applied to the data showed the greatest structural differences for communities exposed to the highest concentrations, but these did not differ substantially from those for the control. Effective concentrations for exposure via the sediment was five orders of magnitude greater than that for waterborne exposure determined in earlier benthic community studies. (Author 's abstract) JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ETOCDK Vol. 6, No. 1, p 21-25, January 1987. 4 tab, 11 ref. AU - Tagatz, ME AU - Stanley, R S AU - Plaia, G R AU - Deans, CH AD - Environmental Protection Agency Gulf Breeze, FL. Gulf Breeze Environmental Research Lab Y1 - 1987/01// PY - 1987 DA - Jan 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution effects KW - Fenvalerate KW - Pyrethrins KW - Insecticides KW - Estuarine environment KW - Benthic fauna KW - Aquatic animals KW - Sand KW - Mollusks KW - Chordates KW - Annelids KW - Arthropods KW - Animal populations KW - Biological studies KW - Food chains KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19016310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Responses+of+Estuarine+Macrofauna+Colonizing+Sediments+Contaminated+with+Fenvalerate&rft.au=Tagatz%2C+ME%3BStanley%2C+R+S%3BPlaia%2C+G+R%3BDeans%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Tagatz&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling TOC Removal by GAC: The General Logistic Function AN - 19013313; 8706766 AB - Various models have been proposed to predict the performance of granular activated carbon (GAC) for single and bisolute systems, including the use of a bed depth service model for interpreting data for operation of adsorption beds to remove total organic carbon (TOC). This model is essentially the simple or symmetrical logistic function. The generalized logistic function is applied to TOC removal and data from GAC, incorporating the inverse of the Freundlich isotherm slope. Thus the model is useful when the breakthrough curve is nonsymmetrical. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association JAWWA5 Vol. 79, No. 1, p 33-37, January 1987. 9 fig, 4 tab, 9 ref. AU - Clark, R M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1987/01// PY - 1987 DA - Jan 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - General Logistic Function KW - Model studies KW - Organic carbon KW - Activated carbon KW - Water treatment KW - Data interpretation KW - Mathematical equations KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Isotherms KW - Breakthrough KW - Performance evaluation KW - Carbon KW - Adsorbents KW - Mathematical studies KW - Adsorption KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19013313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Modeling+TOC+Removal+by+GAC%3A+The+General+Logistic+Function&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sidestreams in Wastewater Treatment Plants AN - 19001427; 8709951 AB - Performance problems at water treatment facilities are often attributed to the recycling of sidestreams generated in the wastewater treatment and sludge handling facilities. The following points are considered to minimize sidestream impacts on mainstream and solids treatment processes. Adverse stream impacts can be minimized through development of mass balances during design that incorporate recycle flows and loads, provide for alternate recycle points, and consider separate treatment for problem sidestreams. Adverse impacts in existing plants can be mitigated by changing the point of recycle, timing, and return rate; implementation of other operational procedures; and separate treatment for problem sidestreams. During planning and design, sidestream flows and loads should be characterized and mass balances developed to describe anticipated requirements. Process design data, equipment sizing, and points of recycle should be established based on results of the balances with provisions for peak loads and equipment flexibility. (Doria-PTT) JF - Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation JWPFA5 Vol. 59, No. 1, p 54-59, January 1987. 1 fig, 3 tab, 7 ref. EPA Contracts 68-03-3019 and 68-03-3208. AU - Evans, F L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Water Engineering Research Lab Y1 - 1987/01// PY - 1987 DA - Jan 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sidestreams KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Wastewater facilities KW - Recycling KW - Mass transfer KW - Sludge conditioning KW - Filtration KW - Screens KW - Drying KW - Sludge drying KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19001427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Sidestreams+in+Wastewater+Treatment+Plants&rft.au=Evans%2C+F+L&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a Rationally Based Design Protocol for the Ultraviolet Light Disinfection Process AN - 18997347; 8709947 AB - A protocol is demonstrated for the design and evaluation of ultraviolet disinfection systems that address the key UV process elements. The mathematical model incorporates the dimensional configuration of the system, the UV intensity, the dispersion and residence time distribution (RTD) characteristics of the reactor, and the key water quality parameters. The modeling approach is generic and can be used to characterize most reactor configurations and wastewater conditions. Once the model has been calibrated, any number of design configurations can be evaluated, and sensitivity analyses can be performed to test the effects of specific parameters. It is concluded that the ideal hydraulic design of a UV reactor is one with plug flow and minimal axial dispersion. The average intensity of UV radiation in a reactor can be estimated by the point source summation calculation method, and can be described as a function of the absorbence coefficient of the wastewater. Continued efforts should be encouraged to develop further experience in the application of the proposed protocol to full-scale designs and the evaluation of current systems. (Doria-PTT) JF - Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation JWPFA5 Vol. 59, No. 1, p 25-31, January 1987. 6 fig, 2 tab, 9 ref. EPA Cooperative agreement CR 807556. AU - Scheible, OK AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1987/01// PY - 1987 DA - Jan 1987 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Disinfection KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Model studies KW - Mathematical studies KW - Radiation KW - Flow KW - Bacteria KW - Calibrations KW - Hydraulics KW - Particulate matter KW - Regression analysis KW - Photometry KW - Spectrophotometry KW - Light intensity KW - Kinetics KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18997347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Rationally+Based+Design+Protocol+for+the+Ultraviolet+Light+Disinfection+Process&rft.au=Scheible%2C+OK&rft.aulast=Scheible&rft.aufirst=OK&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative hepatotoxicity of inhaled cadmium chloride and cadmium oxide. AN - 15348238; 2110453 AB - The toxicity of inhaled aerosols of cadmium chloride (CdCl sub(2)) and cadmium oxide (CdO) on hepatic biochemical function was compared. Male rats were exposed for 2 hours to concentrations of 0.45 and 4.5 mg Cd/m super(3). Serum and liver enzymes and histological changes were studied immediately and 72 hours after exposure. Exposure to 4.5 mg/m super(3) CdCl super(2) and CdO resulted in an increase in liver Cd content. This deposition was not observed at the lower concentrations. Following exposure to 4.5 mg/m super(3) CdCl sub(2), decreases in body and liver weight, as well as decreased activities of glutathione (GSH)-reductase, GSH-peroxidase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) were observed. JF - Journal of the American College of Toxicology AU - Grose, E C AU - Richards, J H AU - Jaskot, R H AU - Menache, M G AU - Graham, J M AU - Dauterman, W C AD - U.S. EPA, Health Eff. Res. Lab., Toxicol. Branch MD-82, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 451 EP - 459 VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 0730-0913, 0730-0913 KW - cadmium chloride KW - hepatotoxicity KW - toxicity KW - cadmium oxide KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - inhalation KW - liver KW - aerosols KW - X 24165:Biochemistry KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15348238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparative+hepatotoxicity+of+inhaled+cadmium+chloride+and+cadmium+oxide.&rft.au=Grose%2C+E+C%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BJaskot%2C+R+H%3BMenache%2C+M+G%3BGraham%2C+J+M%3BDauterman%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Grose&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=07300913&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inhalation; aerosols; rats; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An estimate of the variability in biotransformation kinetics of xenobiotics in natural waters by aufwuchs communities. AN - 15274645; 2036618 AB - An experiment was conducted to investigate the variability in biotransformation kinetics of xenobiotics in natural waters by aufwuchs communities. Two chemical were used, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid butoxyethyl ester (2,4-DBE) and para-cresol. Analysis of variance at the 0.10 level of significance revealed a significant difference in biotransformation rate coefficients between ponds and between sites within one pond for both xenobiotics, and between rivers for para-cresol only. No significant differences was found between sites within rivers for either xenobiotic, nor was any significant differences found between rivers for 2,4-DBE. JF - Chemosphere AU - Kollig, H P AU - Parrish, R S AU - Holm, H W AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 49 EP - 60 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - aquatic environments KW - aufwuchs communities KW - biocenoses KW - chemical reactions KW - environmental effects KW - pollutants KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - benthos KW - Freshwater KW - freshwater pollution KW - water pollution KW - biodegradation KW - periphyton KW - aquatic environment KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2:09445 KW - D 04802:Pollution characteristics and fate KW - K 03098:Spoilage & biodegradation KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15274645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=An+estimate+of+the+variability+in+biotransformation+kinetics+of+xenobiotics+in+natural+waters+by+aufwuchs+communities.&rft.au=Kollig%2C+H+P%3BParrish%2C+R+S%3BHolm%2C+H+W&rft.aulast=Kollig&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; periphyton; pollutants; freshwater pollution; benthos; water pollution; aquatic environment; environmental effects; biocenoses; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory Series 48 Environmental Research Laboratory-Corvallis. AN - 15266586; 2029260 AB - The Environmental Research Laboratory-Corvallis is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's national center for research in terrestrial and watershed ecology, and in the ecological effects of atmospheric pollutants, including acid rain. In the 1960s and early 1970s the laboratory was solely a water quality research facility. But the mission broadened over the years, and now the laboratory conducts research on the ecological effects of pollutants as they move through air, soil, and water into the food chain. Scientific disciplines include chemistry, biology, forestry, fisheries, geography, microbiology, soils science, geology, statistics, mathematical modeling, plant and animal physiology, hydrology, limnology, horticulture, agronomy, and ecology. JF - Fisheries AU - Lackey, R T AD - Environ. Res. Lab.-Corvallis, U.S. EPA, 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 29 EP - 37 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 0363-2415, 0363-2415 KW - Oregon, Corvallis KW - pollution KW - research institutions KW - research programmes KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - ecology KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q1 08102:Institutes and organizations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15266586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries&rft.atitle=Laboratory+Series+48+Environmental+Research+Laboratory-Corvallis.&rft.au=Lackey%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Lackey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries&rft.issn=03632415&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - research programmes; pollution; ecology; pollution control; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of primate folliculogenesis models in understanding human reproductive biology and applicability to toxicology. AN - 14989227; 1808059 AB - The nonhuman primate reproductive system provides an excellent model for studying basic physiological processes applicable to humans. This article reviews hormonal observations and experimental manipulations useful in the evaluation of ovarian events in various stages of the reproductive life. As the need arises, primate reproductive toxicological studies may clarify questions relevant to human risk evaluations. Evaluation of reproductive toxicological observations may reveal biological parameters defining premature reproductive failure. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Sakai, C N AU - Hodgen, G D AD - US EPA, 401 M St., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 207 EP - 221 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - monkeys KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicology KW - animal models KW - reproduction KW - primates KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14989227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+primate+folliculogenesis+models+in+understanding+human+reproductive+biology+and+applicability+to+toxicology.&rft.au=Sakai%2C+C+N%3BHodgen%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Sakai&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - primates; toxicology; reproduction; animal models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model complexity and data worth: An assessment of changes in the global carbon budget. AN - 14913655; 1737852 AB - Using hypothesis testing methods applied to a state-space formulation of carbon flux models of varying levels of complexity, it is possible to determine the power of tests to discriminate between model formulations of varying complexity, and to determine the worth of data for such discrimination given varying levels of measurement error. A series of Monte Carlo tests were performed, using as the generating model a nonlinear global carbon cycle model from which multiple 100-year global carbon scenarios were produced. The ability of a likelihood ratio test to discriminate between three alternate linear models was then evaluated. Except when the measurement error was quite low, even a simple four-compartment linearized model could not be discriminated from the true nonlinear model. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Yearsley, J R AU - Lettenmaier, D P AD - U.S. EPA Reg. X, 1200 6th Ave., Seattle, WA 98101, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 201 EP - 226 VL - 39 IS - 3-4 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - atmospheric conditions KW - carbon dioxide KW - atmosphere KW - carbon cycle KW - ecology KW - mathematical models KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - H SE1.2:DATA ANALYSIS KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04500:Atmosphere UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14913655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Model+complexity+and+data+worth%3A+An+assessment+of+changes+in+the+global+carbon+budget.&rft.au=Yearsley%2C+J+R%3BLettenmaier%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Yearsley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; carbon dioxide; carbon cycle; ecology; atmosphere; atmospheric conditions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial trophodynamics in the Delaware Estuary. AN - 14909268; 1742707 AB - The relationship between bacteria, phytoplankton and heterotrophic microflagellates is examined over large spatial and seasonal scales in the Delaware Estuary, USA. The estuary was sampled along the main salinity axis (0 to 30 ppt), from near Philadelphia to the mouth, between February and August 1985. Samples were analysed for bacterial abundance and production, for heterotrophic microflagellate abundance and grazing rate on bacteria, and for phytoplankton production and biomass. Temperature was a major factor that regulated bacteria and microflagellates. Estimates on the carbon flow from phytoplankton to bacteria and subsequently to microflagellates suggest that bacteria and microflagellates do not return lost phytoplankton production to the main phytoplankton-zooplankton food chain in the Delaware Estuary. Instead it appears that the primary effect of heterotrophic microbes is the mineralization of organic compounds to their inorganic constituents. JF - Marine ecology progress series. Oldendorf AU - Coffin, R B AU - Sharp, J H AD - Technical Resources, Inc., c/o U.S. EPA, Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 253 EP - 266 VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - organic compounds KW - microflagellates KW - USA, Delaware Estuary KW - trophodynamic cycle KW - heterotrophs KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - phytoplankton KW - trophic relationships KW - estuaries KW - mineralization KW - heterotrophic organisms KW - bacteria KW - ANW, USA, Delaware Estuary KW - microorganisms KW - USA, Delaware KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - K 03009:Algae KW - J 02905:Water KW - D 04210:Coastal ecosystems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14909268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+ecology+progress+series.+Oldendorf&rft.atitle=Microbial+trophodynamics+in+the+Delaware+Estuary.&rft.au=Coffin%2C+R+B%3BSharp%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Coffin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+ecology+progress+series.+Oldendorf&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Delaware; ANW, USA, Delaware Estuary; trophic relationships; microorganisms; estuaries; phytoplankton; trophodynamic cycle; heterotrophic organisms; mineralization; bacteria; heterotrophs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fibers in idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: A case report. AN - 14887610; 1727432 AB - A case of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis in a 33-yr-old female is reported. Many fiber-like crystals were noted within macrophages and the interstitial tissue of the lesion. The crystals appeared tan in hematoxylin- and eosin-stained slides and were birefringent under polarized light. The identity of the crystals was not established. JF - Archives of Environmental Health AU - Middleton, AL AU - Kimbrough, R D AD - A-101, West Tower 1226, EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 238 EP - 239 VL - 42 IS - 4 SN - 0003-9896, 0003-9896 KW - case reports KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - fibers KW - fibrosis KW - man KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14887610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Fibers+in+idiopathic+retroperitoneal+fibrosis%3A+A+case+report.&rft.au=Middleton%2C+AL%3BKimbrough%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Middleton&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00039896&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fibers; fibrosis; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of environmental temperature on sex-ratios in the tidewater silverside, Menidia peninsulae (Pisces: Atherinidae). AN - 14886009; 1724353 AB - Sex-ratios of Menidia peninsulae from Santa Rosa Island, Florida were studied during a 13 mo survey. Monthly samples revealed significant deviations from the expected sex-ratio of 1:1. During May-Oct., young-of-year (YOY) females comprised 70-94% of the individuals collected in the 32.5-62.4 mm standard length (SL) size-class. These females were the presumptive progeny of reproduction at cold to cool fluctuating temperatures (14.1-24.2 C), during Feb.-April. In contrast, collections of YOY Menidia during Nov.-April yielded 35-60% females. These individuals were the presumptive progeny of reproductive activity and sexual differentiation in May-Aug. at warm fluctuating water temperature of 23.5-31.5 C. Sex-ratios for combined (13 mo) collections of YOY were identical (69% females) to sex-ratios in older Menidia . JF - Copeia AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Hemmer, MJ AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 958 EP - 964 IS - 4 SN - 0045-8511, 0045-8511 KW - temperature KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - sex determination KW - Marine KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Santa Rosa I. KW - Menidia peninsulae KW - sex ratio KW - temperature effects KW - USA, Florida, Santa Rosa I. KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14886009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Copeia&rft.atitle=Influence+of+environmental+temperature+on+sex-ratios+in+the+tidewater+silverside%2C+Menidia+peninsulae+%28Pisces%3A+Atherinidae%29.&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BHemmer%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=958&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Copeia&rft.issn=00458511&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sex determination; sex ratio; temperature effects; temperature; Menidia peninsulae; ASW, USA, Florida, Santa Rosa I.; USA, Florida, Santa Rosa I.; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An interlaboratory study of an EPA/Ames/Salmonella test protocol. AN - 14871347; 1712924 AB - 7 Laboratories participated in a collaborative study to evaluate an EPA standard protocol for the Ames test. The study utilized Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA98 and TA100) and 3 metabolic activation levels (0%, 2%, and 10% S9 in the S9 mix). 6 pure chemicals and 2 complex mixtures were tested as coded unknowns. Ability to obtain qualitative results in agreement with published data was less than that reported in an earlier study by de Serres and Ashby in which each laboratory used its own protocol. The conclusion from analysis of the quantitative data from this interlaboratory Ames study was that both intralaboratory and interlaboratory variations were substantial. Results for the same substance varied by an order of magnitude or more (CV of 115%) when the mutagenic response was measured as the slope of the dose response in revertants/ mu g. JF - Mutation Research AU - Myers, LE AU - Adams, N H AU - Hughes, T J AU - Williams, L R AU - Claxton, L D AD - Genet. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 121 EP - 133 VL - 182 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - protocol KW - comparison KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - genotoxicity KW - bioassays KW - Ames test KW - mutagenicity KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14871347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=An+interlaboratory+study+of+an+EPA%2FAmes%2FSalmonella+test+protocol.&rft.au=Myers%2C+LE%3BAdams%2C+N+H%3BHughes%2C+T+J%3BWilliams%2C+L+R%3BClaxton%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=182&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ames test; bioassays; genotoxicity; toxicity testing; mutagenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring transport of selected pesticides and phenols in soil columns by high performance liquid chromatography. AN - 14853862; 1685959 AB - Soil columns were used to study pesticides and phenols transport under rapid infiltration land treatment conditions. An analytical procedure is described for the quantitative determination of atrazine, diuron, carbofuran, phenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, and 2,4-dichlorophenol in soil and wastewater. Recoveries of all analytes were greater than 90%. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes AU - Bouchard, D C AD - Robert S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 391 EP - 402 VL - B22 IS - 4 SN - 0360-1234, 0360-1234 KW - soils KW - diuron KW - carbofuran KW - pollutant detection KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - aromatic compounds KW - atrazine KW - wastewater treatment KW - pesticides KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14853862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.atitle=Monitoring+transport+of+selected+pesticides+and+phenols+in+soil+columns+by+high+performance+liquid+chromatography.&rft.au=Bouchard%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Bouchard&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=B22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.issn=03601234&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wastewater treatment; aromatic compounds; atrazine; pesticides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The TEAM study: Personal exposures to toxic substances in air, drinking water, and breath of 400 residents of New Jersey, North Carolina, and North Dakota. AN - 14852695; 1685619 AB - EPA's TEAM Study has measured exposures to 20 volatile organic compounds in personal air, outdoor air, drinking water, and breath of similar to 400 residents of New Jersey, North Carolina, and North Dakota. Ten compounds were often present in personal air and breath samples at all locations. Personal exposures were consistently higher than outdoor concentrations for these chemicals and were sometimes 10 times the outdoor concentrations. Indoor sources appeared to be responsible for much of the difference. Breath concentrations also often exceeded outdoor concentrations and correlated more strongly with personal exposures than with outdoor concentrations. Some activities (smoking, visiting dry cleaners or service stations) and occupations (chemical, paint, and plastics plants) were associated with significantly elevated exposures and breath levels for certain toxic chemicals. Homes with smokers had significantly increased benzene and styrene levels in indoor air. Residence near major point sources did not affect exposure. JF - Environmental Research AU - Wallace, LA AU - Pellizzari, ED AU - Hartwell, T D AU - Sparacino, C AU - Whitmore, R AU - Sheldon, L AU - Zelon, H AU - Perritt, R AD - RD-680 U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 290 EP - 307 VL - 43 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - exposure KW - breath KW - air KW - man KW - potable water KW - United States KW - volatile organic compounds KW - air quality KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - drinking water KW - xenobiotics KW - USA KW - public health KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14852695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=The+TEAM+study%3A+Personal+exposures+to+toxic+substances+in+air%2C+drinking+water%2C+and+breath+of+400+residents+of+New+Jersey%2C+North+Carolina%2C+and+North+Dakota.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+LA%3BPellizzari%2C+ED%3BHartwell%2C+T+D%3BSparacino%2C+C%3BWhitmore%2C+R%3BSheldon%2C+L%3BZelon%2C+H%3BPerritt%2C+R&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; xenobiotics; drinking water; volatile organic compounds; air quality; public health; air; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant exposure chambers for study of toxic chemical-plant interactions. AN - 14851370; 1685750 AB - Chambers for the study of plant uptake and phytotoxicity of toxic, radio-labeled chemicals are described. The chambers are designed to meet the criteria of continuously stirred tank reactors while providing containment for toxic chemical. They are computer managed and operated within a controlled environment room. Besides providing controlled conditions within the contained spaces, continuous measurements are made of various environmental parameters and plant transpiration, net photosynthesis, and dark respiration in up to 18 separate chambers. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - McFarlane, J C AU - Pfleeger, T AD - U.S. EPA, Toxics and Pestic. Branch, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 361 EP - 371 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - photosynthesis KW - phytotoxicity KW - plants KW - computer applications KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14851370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Plant+exposure+chambers+for+study+of+toxic+chemical-plant+interactions.&rft.au=McFarlane%2C+J+C%3BPfleeger%2C+T&rft.aulast=McFarlane&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - photosynthesis; computer applications; plants; phytotoxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adaptation of aquatic microbial communities to Hg super(2+) stress. AN - 14848521; 1687763 AB - The mechanism of adaptation to Hg super(2+) in four aquatic habitats was studied by correlating microbially mediated Hg super(2+) volatilization with the adaptive state of the exposed communities. Community diversity, heterotrophic activity, and Hg super(2+) resistance measurements indicated that adaptation of all four communities was stimulated by preexposure to Hg super(2+). In saline water communities, adaptation was associated with rapid volatilization after an initial lag period. This mechanism, however, did not promote adaptation in a freshwater sample, in which Hg super(2+) was volatilized slowly, regardless of the resistance level of the microbial community. Distribution of the mer operon among representative colonies of the communities was not related to adaptation to Hg super(2+). Thus, although volatilization enabled some microbial communities to sustain their functions in Hg super(2+)-stressed environments, it was not mediated by the genes that serve as a model system in molecular studies of bacterial resistance to mercurials. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Barkay, T AD - Microb. Ecol. and Biotechnol. Branch, Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 2725 EP - 2732 VL - 53 IS - 12 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - aquatic bacteria KW - mercury KW - resistance KW - toxicity tolerance KW - volatilization KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - heterotrophy KW - adaptations KW - bacteria KW - pollution effects KW - aquatic environment KW - water pollution KW - species diversity KW - microorganisms KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - J 02905:Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14848521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Adaptation+of+aquatic+microbial+communities+to+Hg+super%282%2B%29+stress.&rft.au=Barkay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Barkay&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2725&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - heterotrophy; bacteria; toxicity tolerance; adaptations; pollution effects; water pollution; aquatic environment; species diversity; microorganisms; mercury; aquatic bacteria ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transpiration effect on the uptake and distribution of bromacil, nitrobenzene, and phenol in soybean plants. AN - 14847947; 1685808 AB - The influence of transpiration rate on the uptake and translocation of two industrial waste compounds, phenol and nitrobenzene, and one pesticide, 5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyluracil (bromacil), was examined. Carbon-14 moieties of each compound were provided separately in hydroponic solution to mature soybean plants (Glycine max dwarf cultivar Fiskeby v) maintained under three humidity conditions. The uptake of each compound was determined by monitoring the removal of super(14)C from the hydroponic solution. The extent to which super(14)C was adsorbed to roots and translocated to plant shoots and leaves was examined by assaying root and shoot parts for super(14)C. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - McFarlane, J C AU - Pfleeger, T AU - Fletcher, J AD - U.S. EPA, Toxics and Pestic. Branch, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 372 EP - 376 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - bromacil KW - nitrobenzene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - industrial wastes KW - recycling KW - aromatic compounds KW - chemical wastes KW - Glycine max KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14847947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Transpiration+effect+on+the+uptake+and+distribution+of+bromacil%2C+nitrobenzene%2C+and+phenol+in+soybean+plants.&rft.au=McFarlane%2C+J+C%3BPfleeger%2C+T%3BFletcher%2C+J&rft.aulast=McFarlane&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Glycine max; aromatic compounds; industrial wastes; recycling; chemical wastes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Load bearing capacity of understory treelets of a tropical wet forest. AN - 14843856; 1687721 AB - The crown load required to bend over understory treelets was measured in a tropical lowland forest of northeastern Costa Rica. The study provided the first direct measure of margins of safety against elastic instability in trees. Doubling or tripling the initial crown weight caused substantial bending in adults of three understory species. These results were interpreted as indicating that actual trunk diameters were only 1.3-1.4 x the minimum diameter required to prevent instability. Saplings of two overstory species also had low stability safety factors, but had lower ratios of crown mass to trunk mass than did the understory species. JF - BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB. AU - King, DA AD - Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 419 EP - 428 VL - 114 IS - 4 SN - 0040-9618, 0040-9618 KW - load-bearing capacity KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - population structure KW - Costa Rica KW - understory KW - rain forests KW - D 04126:Tropical forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14843856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BULL.+TORREY+BOT.+CLUB.&rft.atitle=Load+bearing+capacity+of+understory+treelets+of+a+tropical+wet+forest.&rft.au=King%2C+DA&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BULL.+TORREY+BOT.+CLUB.&rft.issn=00409618&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Costa Rica; rain forests; understory; population structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of amphotericin B for differentiating eukaryotic from prokaryotic activity in mixed microbial samples. AN - 14840200; 1688954 AB - In axenic and mixed cultures, amphotericin B (25-100 mg l super(-1)) was tested for inhibition of selected metabolic activities of algae, fungi, bacteria and zooplankton. Effects of the antibiotic were determined based on inhibition of super(14)C-labelled bicarbonate uptake, hydrolysis of the methyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, growth and acid production. Amphotericin B was dissolved in water by either hydrolyzing the antibiotic or mixing it with sodium deoxycholate. Treatments of mixed suspended microbial communities with 200 mg l super(-1) of amphotericin B for at least 15 min was effective for differentiating prokaryotic (bacterial) from eukaryotic (algae and fungi, but not zooplankton) activities. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Lewis, D L AU - Hamala, JA AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 257 EP - 264 VL - 6 IS - 5 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - amphotericin B KW - antibiotics KW - biological activity KW - biological production KW - communities KW - eukaryotes KW - identification KW - inhibition KW - mixed culture KW - polyculture KW - prokaryotes KW - selective KW - separation KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - inhibitors KW - metabolism KW - K 03009:Algae KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - K 03068:Algae KW - K 03069:Fungi KW - Q1 08201:General KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens KW - D 04623:Fungi KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - A 01113:General KW - J 02705:Others KW - J 02905:Water KW - D 04620:Microorganisms KW - K 03071:Protozoa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14840200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Use+of+amphotericin+B+for+differentiating+eukaryotic+from+prokaryotic+activity+in+mixed+microbial+samples.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+D+L%3BHamala%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polyculture; metabolism; inhibitors; biological production; communities; eukaryotes; biological activity; prokaryotes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selected chemical contaminants in surface sediments of Commencement Bay and the Tacoma Waterways, Washington, USA. AN - 14819871; 1667650 AB - Eight metals, 21 organic priority pollutants, and 11 other contaminants and contaminant-related sediment characteristics were measured in surface sediments (upper 2 cm) at 21 locations in Commencement Bay and the Tacoma Waterways, Washington. Results of simple and partial correlation analyses indicate that arsenic, iron and manganese may be more closely associated with the clay fraction, while cadmium, copper and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons may be more closely associated with the total organic carbon content of sediments. JF - Marine environmental research. London AU - Schults, D W AU - Ferraro, S P AU - Ditsworth, G R AU - Sercu, KA AD - U.S. EPA, Pac. Div., Hatfield Mar. Sci. Cent., Newport, OR 97365, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 271 EP - 295 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - industrial wastes KW - Marine KW - phthalate esters KW - Brackish KW - sediment pollution KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - heavy metals KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q2:09442 KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14819871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.atitle=Selected+chemical+contaminants+in+surface+sediments+of+Commencement+Bay+and+the+Tacoma+Waterways%2C+Washington%2C+USA.&rft.au=Schults%2C+D+W%3BFerraro%2C+S+P%3BDitsworth%2C+G+R%3BSercu%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Schults&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; phthalate esters; sediment pollution; aromatic hydrocarbons; heavy metals; INE, USA, Washington; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro and in vivo toxicity: A comparison of acrylamide, cyclophosphamide, chlordecone, and diethylstilbestrol. AN - 14795545; 1651306 AB - Four chemicals that had been tested in an in vivo toxicological screen were tested in a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cytotoxicity assay. Cell density, viability, ATP concentration, rate of protein synthesis, and cellular protein concentration were decreased by exposure to acrylamide (AC), chlordecone (CHL), cyclophosphamide (CYC), and diethylstilbestrol (DES). Based on the in vitro toxicity rankings, DES and CHL were more toxic than AC or CYC. The ability of the CHO assay to respond to DES and CHL was comparable to other published in vitro assays. JF - J. ENVIRON. SCI. HEALTH, PART A. AU - Simmons, JE AU - Berman, E AU - Jackson, M AU - Lewtas, J AD - DCTD, MD-74 Health Eff. Res. Lab., EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 639 EP - 664 VL - A22 IS - 7 KW - acrylamide KW - cyclophosphamide KW - chlordecone KW - diethylstilbestrol KW - chemical pollutants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicology KW - cytology KW - assays KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14795545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH%2C+PART+A.&rft.atitle=In+vitro+and+in+vivo+toxicity%3A+A+comparison+of+acrylamide%2C+cyclophosphamide%2C+chlordecone%2C+and+diethylstilbestrol.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+JE%3BBerman%2C+E%3BJackson%2C+M%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=A22&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH%2C+PART+A.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - assays; cytology; toxicology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of the natural background of ozone present at surface rural locations. AN - 14793645; 1651138 AB - The natural background in the ozone concentration at rural locations in the United States and western Europe has been estimated by use of several approaches. The approaches utilized include the following: (1) historical trends in ozone concentration measurements, (2) recent ozone measurements are remote sites, (3) use of tracers of air originating in the stratosphere or upper troposphere and (4) results from applications of tropospheric photochemical models. While each of these approaches has its own limitations it appears that the natural background of ozone during the warmer months of the year is in the range of 10 to 20 ppb. Most of the ozone originating in the lower stratosphere or upper troposphere is lost by chemical or physical removal processes as well as undergoing dilution by air in the lower troposphere before reaching ground level rural locations. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Altshuller, A P AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 1409 EP - 1417 VL - 37 IS - 12 KW - pollutant dispersion KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - rural areas KW - physicochemical properties KW - tracers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14793645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+the+natural+background+of+ozone+present+at+surface+rural+locations.&rft.au=Altshuller%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4-6&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; rural areas; tracers; physicochemical properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Motor vehicle emissions under reduced ambient temperature idle operating conditions. AN - 14791797; 1651477 AB - During winter months, motor vehicles are typically operated with extended preliminary idle periods. Total hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and formaldehyde emissions are examined under idle operation at 20, 40 and 68 degree F with six gasoline fueled vehicles (including non-catalyst, early catalyst and late model catalys) and a methanol-fueled prototype vehicle. The emissions were substantially reduced by the late model catalyst control technologies at all temperatures examined. Formaldehyde emissions were elevated with methanol fuel. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Baugh, J AU - Ray, W AU - Black, F AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 2077 EP - 2082 VL - 21 IS - 10 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - atmosphere KW - formaldehyde KW - temperature KW - carbon monoxide KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H ST2.26:EMISSIONS AND EMISSION CONTROL UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14791797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Motor+vehicle+emissions+under+reduced+ambient+temperature+idle+operating+conditions.&rft.au=Baugh%2C+J%3BRay%2C+W%3BBlack%2C+F&rft.aulast=Baugh&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2077&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - temperature; formaldehyde; automotive exhaust emissions; carbon monoxide; atmosphere ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Turbulent diffusion behind vehicles: Experimentally determined influence of vortex pair in vehicle wake. AN - 14791487; 1651451 AB - The wake of a moving vehicle was simulated using a wind tunnel with a moving floor. The vehicle models, both block-shaped and "true" scale models of actual automobiles, were held in a fixed position while the floor moved at the upstream air speed. This simulates an automobile travelling on a straight highway in still ambient air. Vertical and lateral profiles of mean and fluctuating velocities and mean tracer concentration were obtained. Profiles were taken at distances of 15-60 model heights downstream. Two exhaust source positions were used: at the center of the rear of the vehicle and on the side just behind the rear wheel. It was found that the models of true vehicles induce a pair of vortices in the wake that modify the velocity and concentration patterns in a minor way from that of the block-shaped vehicle. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Thompson, R S AU - Eskridge, R E AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 2091 EP - 2097 VL - 21 IS - 10 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - motor vehicles KW - atmosphere KW - air pollution KW - highways KW - velocity KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14791487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Turbulent+diffusion+behind+vehicles%3A+Experimentally+determined+influence+of+vortex+pair+in+vehicle+wake.&rft.au=Thompson%2C+R+S%3BEskridge%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; highways; motor vehicles; velocity; atmosphere ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relating error bounds for maximum concentration estimates to diffusion meteorology uncertainty. AN - 14791247; 1651442 AB - The intent of this paper is to relate the magnitude of the error bounds of data, used as inputs to a Gaussian dispersion model, to the magnitude of the error bounds of the model output, which include the estimates of the maximum concentration and the distance to that maximum. The research specifically addresses the uncertainty in estimating the maximum concentrations from elevated buoyant sources during unstable atmospheric conditions, as these are most often of practical concern in regulatory decision making. In this study, a numerical uncertainty analysis is performed using the Monte-Carlo technique to propagate the uncertainties associated with the model input. Uncertainties were assumed to exist in four model input parameters: (1) wind speed, (2) standard deviation of lateral wind direction fluctuations, (3) standard deviation of vertical wind direction fluctuations, and (4) plume rise. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Irwin, J S AU - Rao, ST AU - Petersen, W B AU - Turner, D B AD - Meteorol. and Assess. Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 1927 EP - 1937 VL - 21 IS - 9 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - wind KW - plumes KW - diffusion KW - mathematical models KW - meteorology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14791247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Relating+error+bounds+for+maximum+concentration+estimates+to+diffusion+meteorology+uncertainty.&rft.au=Irwin%2C+J+S%3BRao%2C+ST%3BPetersen%2C+W+B%3BTurner%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Irwin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1927&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; meteorology; diffusion; plumes; wind ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the impacts of soil moisture stress on regional soybean yield and its sensitivity to ozone. AN - 14780938; 1631595 AB - Plants that experience moisture stress show less ozone-caused injury than non-stressed plants exposed to similar levels of ozone. To evaluate the interaction of moisture stress and ozone for soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) grown in the U.S.A., relative yields were simulated with a model which incorporated known plant responses to ozone and drought. These simulations were used to compute a general relationship between moisture stress effects on yield and crop sensitivity to ozone. Independent estimates of drought impacts on regional soybean yields were then used with the above relationship to provide estimated of moisture stress effects on ozone-caused yield losses. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - King, DA AU - Nelson, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 23 EP - 35 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - soils KW - moisture KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - agriculture KW - atmosphere KW - Glycine max KW - ozone KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - H SE2.20:CROP CONTAMINATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14780938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+impacts+of+soil+moisture+stress+on+regional+soybean+yield+and+its+sensitivity+to+ozone.&rft.au=King%2C+DA%3BNelson%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Glycine max; agriculture; ozone; atmosphere ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wide range aerosol classifier: A size selective sample for large particles. AN - 14778400; 1631543 AB - The Wide Range Aerosol Classifier (WRAC), a sampler employing parallel impactors coupled with a large high flow rate inlet, has been designed, built, and tested for use in determining the size distribution of large particles found in ambient air. Results of laboratory and field evaluations demonstrate that the WRAC can be used successfully to determine atmospheric aerosol "total mass" and its large particle distribution. The sampler is mobile for operation at various field locations. With properly prepared impaction surfaces, four impactors with cut points of 9.3, 18.5, 34, and 47 mu m, respectively, provide sharp well defined separation with low internal losses. Results of an initial and two follow-up independent impactor calibrations are in strong agreement, indicating good impactor precision and valid procedures by the two calibration laboratories. The WRAC size distribution mass measurements can be used to predict the "total aerosol mass" as well as size fractionated mass such as PM sub(10). JF - Aerosol Science & Technology AU - Burton, R M AU - Lundgren, DA AD - Monit. and Assess. Div., Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., Off. Res. and Dev., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 289 EP - 301 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0278-6826, 0278-6826 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - particle size KW - laboratory testing KW - flow rates KW - aerosols KW - fractionation KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14778400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Wide+range+aerosol+classifier%3A+A+size+selective+sample+for+large+particles.&rft.au=Burton%2C+R+M%3BLundgren%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02786826&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; flow rates; particle size; fractionation; laboratory testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead and child development. AN - 14776190; 1632340 AB - This article surveys the recent progress that has been made in quantitatively assessing the effects of low level lead exposure on selected aspects of prenatal and postnatal development in human beings. Particular attention is devoted to a group of longitudinal epidemiological studies conducted in Boston, Cincinnati and Cleveland in the United States, and in Port Pirie, South Australia. These are the first studies to examine the relationship between low-level prenatal lead exposure and various developmental outcomes in a prospective manner. They thereby obviate an inherent limitation of even the best designed and conducted cross-sectional epidemiological studies, in that they can much more accurately determine the history of lead exposure by repeatedly measuring blood lead concentrations from birth or even earlier in development. JF - Nature AU - Davis, J M AU - Svendsgaard, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 297 EP - 300 VL - 329 IS - 6137 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - mental development KW - lead KW - heavy metals KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - fetuses KW - children KW - psychology KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure KW - H SM9.20:CHILDHOOD INJURIES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14776190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Lead+and+child+development.&rft.au=Davis%2C+J+M%3BSvendsgaard%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=329&rft.issue=6137&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lead; heavy metals; children; psychology; fetuses; mental development ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of limited protocols to evaluate the genotoxicity of hazardous wastes in mammalian cell assays: Comparison to Salmonella . AN - 14775720; 1631675 AB - Dichloromethane extracts of four diverse hazardous wastes (coke plant, herbicide manufacturing, pulp and paper, and oil refining) were evaluated for mutagenicity in strains TA98 and TA100 of Salmonella. These extracts also were tested for biological activity in short-term mammalian cell assays, including mutagenicity in L5178Y/TK super(+/-) mouse lymphoma cells, chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, morphological transformation in BALB/c-3T3 cells, and teratogenic potential in mouse limb bud cells. The mammalian cell assays were performed using limited protocols that consisted of a preliminary testing of the extracts for cytotoxicity in CHO cells in order to estimate the appropriate dose range for the other assays. Although all four of the wastes were presumptively positive for either mutation or cytogenetic effects, none of the wastes transformed BALB/c-3T3 cells. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Brusick, D J AU - Lewtas, J AD - Genet. Toxicol. Div. (MD-68), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 225 EP - 239 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - methylene chloride KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - mutagenicity KW - toxicity KW - mutagens KW - genotoxicity KW - Ames test KW - assays KW - genetics KW - H SM5.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14775720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Use+of+limited+protocols+to+evaluate+the+genotoxicity+of+hazardous+wastes+in+mammalian+cell+assays%3A+Comparison+to+Salmonella+.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BBrusick%2C+D+J%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genotoxicity; mutagenicity; Ames test; genetics; toxicity; mutagens; assays ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the EC50s of algal toxicity tests calculated by four methods. AN - 14772720; 1630900 AB - EC50s (calculated concentrations that would inhibit growth by 50%) of 21 pesticides in unicellular algal toxicity tests were calculated by straight-line graphical interpolation, moving average interpolation, prohibit analysis, and the binomial method. EC50s of 18 tin compounds were calculated by graphical interpolation, moving average, and probit methods. Results from a total of 187 tests were analyzed. The EC50 values were essentially identical when calculated by each method. Although moving average and probit analyses allow calculation of confidence intervals, there is doubt that they can be used with the quantitative data of algal toxicity tests. In the absence of confidence intervals, only the calculated EC50 is used to express relative toxicity, and straight-line graphical interpolation, a simple and rapid method, may be used in lieu of more complex statistical methods. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Walsh, GE AU - Deans, CH AU - McLaughlin, L L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 767 EP - 770 VL - 6 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - statistical analysis KW - laboratory testing KW - algae KW - population dynamics KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14772720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+EC50s+of+algal+toxicity+tests+calculated+by+four+methods.&rft.au=Walsh%2C+GE%3BDeans%2C+CH%3BMcLaughlin%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=767&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; toxicity; laboratory testing; statistical analysis; population dynamics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dermal penetration of carbofuran in young and adult Fischer 344 rats. AN - 14772692; 1631713 AB - Dermal penetration of carbofuran was determined in young (33 d) and adult (82 d) female Fischer 344 rats employing in vivo and in vitro methods. In vivo dermal penetration at 120 h was 43% for young and 18% for adult rats. The half-time for carbofuran skin penetration (in vivo) was 128 h for the young and 400 h for the adults. The young to adult ratio of dermal penetration was greater than 1 at all time points (average 2.9) and had a maximum of 4.2 at 24 h. Cumulative urinary excretion approached about 95% of the absorbed dose in both the young and adult animals at 120 h. Whole-body retention was slightly higher in adults. Kidney showed the highest tissue-to-blood concentration ratio (4.6 in adult, 2.3 in young). The ratio for the carcass was 2.8 in the adult and 2.4 in the young. The urine/blood concentration ratio was high, 435 in the adult and 573 in the young. The feces/blood ratio was 44 in the adult and 65 in the young. Skin absorption by the in vitro continuous-flow system was 41% for the young and 11% for the adult at 72 h, compared to 36% and 13% by the in vivo method. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Shah, P V AU - Fisher, H L AU - Month, N J AU - Sumler, M R AU - Hall, L L AD - TS-796, Off. Toxic Subst., U.S. EPA, 401 M St. S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 207 EP - 223 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - penetration KW - carbofuran KW - pesticides (carbamates) KW - carbamates KW - rats KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - skin KW - age KW - X 24133:Metabolism KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SE5.24:CARBONATES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14772692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Dermal+penetration+of+carbofuran+in+young+and+adult+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=Shah%2C+P+V%3BFisher%2C+H+L%3BMonth%2C+N+J%3BSumler%2C+M+R%3BHall%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Shah&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; skin; age; rats ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of indoor air pollution on sensitive populations. AN - 14771340; 1632730 AB - Toxic pollutants may be present in higher concentrations in indoor air than outside. This paper reviews health hazards and physiologic effects of indoor air pollution on populations at higher than average risk, including infants and the elderly, pregnant women and their fetuses, anemic and asthmatic persons, those with compromised cardiovascular or pulmonary function, and siblings of sudden infant death syndrome victims. In the aggregate, these persons make up a considerable portion of the public. Considering exposure time, their risk may be considerably greater than that calculated using workplace exposure factors. Mimicry of common, illnesses, including influenza, food poisoning, gastrointestinal disorders, Alzheimer's disease, angina or brain deterioration, results in misdiagnosis of intoxication from indoor air pollution and the underestimation of its occurrence. In-home gas exposure level monitoring efforts are discussed. JF - CLIN. ECOL. AU - Ammann, H M AD - U.S. EPA, ECAO, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 15 EP - 21 VL - 5 IS - 1 KW - indoor KW - effects on KW - sensitive populations KW - man KW - indoor environments KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - reviews KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14771340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CLIN.+ECOL.&rft.atitle=Effects+of+indoor+air+pollution+on+sensitive+populations.&rft.au=Ammann%2C+H+M&rft.aulast=Ammann&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CLIN.+ECOL.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; reviews; public health; risk assessment; indoor environments; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The implications of ambient ozone standards for U.S. agriculture: A comment and some further evidence. AN - 14767119; 1612198 AB - In a recent article in this journal, Kopp et al. (1985) presented agricultural welfare estimates of alternative ambient ozone standards. They derived these estimates by examining the shifts in national supply curves that result from changes in ozone. This paper reconciles the findings of Kopp et al. with the mounting evidence of the surplus crops in U.S. agriculture. The Kopp et al. model ignores the U.S. agricultural subsidy programs which are largely responsible for the crop surpluses. This omission leads to a substantial bias in their results. Further, this paper modifies the Kopp et al. model to derive a correct conceptual measure of the social agricultural welfare benefits from alternative ozone standards and then presents some empirical evidence to demonstrate that the actual welfare benefits are much smaller than those presented by Kopp et al. JF - Journal of Environmental Management AU - McGartland, A M AD - Off. Policy Analy. (PM-221), U.S. EPA, 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 139 EP - 146 VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0301-4797, 0301-4797 KW - United States KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - agriculture KW - crops KW - federal regulations KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14767119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=The+implications+of+ambient+ozone+standards+for+U.S.+agriculture%3A+A+comment+and+some+further+evidence.&rft.au=McGartland%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=McGartland&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=03014797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; ozone; crops; federal regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Degradation of selected halogenated ethanes in anoxic sediment-water systems. AN - 14766805; 1611678 AB - The degradation of selected halogenated ethanes was studied in anoxic sediment-water suspensions at 1 to 20% sediment concentrations. Batch kinetic experiments were used to quantify decay. Eh measurements of all suspensions were below -100 mV (vs SHE), indicating reduced environmental conditions. Hexachloroethane (HCA), 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TTCA), 1,2-diiodoethane (DIA) and 1,2-dibrimoethane (DBA) were degraded within minutes to days, but 1,2-dichloroethane (DCA) remained in the system through 35 d, at which point the study was ended. The major route of transformation of these compounds in this system was vicinal dehalogenation. Rates of disappearance followed pseudo-first-order kinetics at low reactant concentrations and high sediment concentrations. The order of reactivity in the same sediment sample followed the sequence, HCA approximately equals DIA > DBA > TTCA > DCA. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Jafveret, C T AU - Wolfe, N L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 827 EP - 837 VL - 6 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - anoxic conditions KW - anoxic sediments KW - degradation KW - ethane KW - fate KW - halogenated ethanes KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - biodegradation KW - Freshwater KW - water treatment KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - Q2:09445 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14766805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Degradation+of+selected+halogenated+ethanes+in+anoxic+sediment-water+systems.&rft.au=Jafveret%2C+C+T%3BWolfe%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Jafveret&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=827&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; degradation; water treatment; sediments; halogenated hydrocarbons; ethane; water pollution; anoxic sediments; fate; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new nonpoint-source water pollution control challenge. AN - 14766104; 1623792 AB - Based on the new Water Quality Act of 1987, EPA's Office of Water is now calling on states to consider strategies that will knit various programmatic approaches to clean water into a single, unified state effort. The strategy will indicate the basic mission, role, and level of effort for each program in targeted waters. While these concepts are still being refined, the broad outline of State Clean Water Strategy contains three phases: Assessment-identification and definition of water quality problem areas and their causes, point and nonpoint. Targeting-action priorities applied to assessed waters based on indicators, such as environmental/public health risks, value of aquatic habitat, benefits to be realized, etc. Management/implementation - Clean Water Act programs to be applied to management of targeted areas. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Myers, C F AD - Nonpoint Sources Branch, Off. Water, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 222 VL - 42 IS - 4 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - EPA KW - Water Quality Act-1987 KW - point pollution KW - pollution legislation KW - water pollution control KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - legislation KW - Freshwater KW - resource management KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q2:09444 KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14766104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Optimizing+GAC+systems&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; pollution legislation; legislation; resource management; pollution control; water pollution control; EPA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiological response of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri ) to acute fenvalerate intoxication. AN - 14763656; 1623531 AB - The physiological responses of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri ) to fenvalerate intoxication during aqueous exposure were examined to provide information about the pyrethroid mode of action in fish. Visible signs of intoxication included elevated cough rate, tremors, and seizures. Histopathological examination of gill tissue showed damage consistent with irritation. An evaluation of respiratory-cardiovascular and blood chemistry responses indicated an elevated rate of metabolism associated with increasingly severe seizures. The physiological responses of rainbow trout to fenvalerate intoxication suggest that besides effects on the nervous system, effects on respiratory surfaces and renal ion regulation may be associated with the mechanism of pyrethroid action in fish. JF - Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology AU - Bradbury, S P AU - McKim, J M AU - Coats, J R AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab.-Duluth, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 275 EP - 288 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0048-3575, 0048-3575 KW - Salmo gairdneri KW - acute toxicity KW - effects on KW - fenvalerate KW - kidney KW - neurotoxicity KW - pyrethroids KW - respiratory tract KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - histopathology KW - Freshwater KW - pollution effects KW - pesticides KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14763656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pesticide+Biochemistry+and+Physiology&rft.atitle=Physiological+response+of+rainbow+trout+%28Salmo+gairdneri+%29+to+acute+fenvalerate+intoxication.&rft.au=Bradbury%2C+S+P%3BMcKim%2C+J+M%3BCoats%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Bradbury&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pesticide+Biochemistry+and+Physiology&rft.issn=00483575&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; histopathology; pollution effects; pesticides; respiratory tract; neurotoxicity; kidney; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of hardness, alkalinity and pH on the toxicity of pentachlorophenol to Selenastrum capricornutum (Printz). AN - 14762495; 1623716 AB - The toxicity of pentachlorophenol (PCP) to Selenastrum capricornutum was examined in three different culture media: a hard and a soft form of Freeman's reference water and the algal assay bottle test (AABT) medium (a soft water). The 96-h growth potentials of the media were equal (28-29 mg/L dry wt.) but 96-h EC50s ranged sevenfold: 0.11 mg/L (AABT), 0.15 mg/L (Freeman's soft water) and 0.76 mg/L (Freeman's hard water). Culture media equilibrium pH and 96-h EC50 were strongly correlated (r = 1.00). Evidence is presented that supports the hypothesis that the toxicity of PCP, a weak acid, is due primarily to the concentration of the undissociated species. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Smith, P D AU - Brockway, D L AU - Stancil, FE Jr AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 891 EP - 900 VL - 6 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - pH effects KW - pentachlorophenol KW - water hardness KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - bioassays KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - alkalinity KW - pesticides KW - pH KW - Selenastrum capricornutum KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q3 08585:Plant culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14762495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+hardness%2C+alkalinity+and+pH+on+the+toxicity+of+pentachlorophenol+to+Selenastrum+capricornutum+%28Printz%29.&rft.au=Smith%2C+P+D%3BBrockway%2C+D+L%3BStancil%2C+FE+Jr&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water hardness; toxicity; bioassays; alkalinity; pesticides; pH effects; pH; Selenastrum capricornutum; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The uptake, distribution and metabolism of four organic chemicals by soybean plants and barley roots. AN - 14761947; 1612373 AB - The uptake of bromacil, dichorobenzonitrile (DCBN), nitrobenzene (NB) and dinitrobenzene (DNB) was studied in isolated barley roots and mature soybean plants. The uptake rate constants for soybean plants were in the order of DCBN = bromacil < NB < DNB. The same pattern was evident for the root tissue test, except for DNB. Metabolism of the super(14)C-labeled chemicals indicated that DCBN was metabolized in the leaves but not in the roots. DNB was metabolized in the roots, and bromacil remained primarily as parent compound. A method for obtaining uptake rate constants is described. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - McFarlane, C AU - Nolt, C AU - Wickliff, C AU - Pfleeger, T AU - Shimabuku, R AU - McDowell, M AD - Toxic and Pestic. Branch, Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 847 EP - 856 VL - 6 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - organic compounds KW - metabolism KW - plants KW - Glycine max KW - bioaccumulation KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14761947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+uptake%2C+distribution+and+metabolism+of+four+organic+chemicals+by+soybean+plants+and+barley+roots.&rft.au=McFarlane%2C+C%3BNolt%2C+C%3BWickliff%2C+C%3BPfleeger%2C+T%3BShimabuku%2C+R%3BMcDowell%2C+M&rft.aulast=McFarlane&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Glycine max; organic compounds; plants; metabolism; bioaccumulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for estimating on-site ambient air concentrations at disposal sites. AN - 14761473; 1612751 AB - Currently, Gaussian type dispersion modeling and point source approximation are combined to estimate the ambient air concentrations of pollutants dispersed downwind of an areawide emission source, using the approach of virtual point source approximation. This Gaussian dispersion modeling becomes less accurate as the receptor comes closer to the source, and becomes inapplicable for the estimation of on-site ambient air concentrations at disposal sites. Partial differential equations are solved with appropriate boundary conditions for use in estimating the on-site concentrations in the ambient air impacted by emissions from an area source such as land disposal sites. Two variations of solution techniques are presented, and their predictions are compared. JF - NUCL. CHEM. WASTE MANAGE. AU - Hwang, ST AD - Exposure Assess. Group (RD-689), U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 95 EP - 98 VL - 7 IS - 2 KW - pollutant dispersion KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - environmental impact KW - mathematical models KW - air quality KW - disposal sites KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SE3.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14761473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NUCL.+CHEM.+WASTE+MANAGE.&rft.atitle=Methods+for+estimating+on-site+ambient+air+concentrations+at+disposal+sites.&rft.au=Hwang%2C+ST&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=ST&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NUCL.+CHEM.+WASTE+MANAGE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disposal sites; mathematical models; air quality; environmental impact ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of volatile aliphatic hydrocarbons in a soil bioreactor. AN - 14753964; 1613350 AB - Soil removal of propane, isobutane and n-butane from a waste air stream was evaluated in the laboratory and in a prototype soil bioreactor. Laboratory investigations indicated first-order kinetics and the potential to degrade light aliphatic hydrocarbons and trichlorethylene, a compound ordinarily resistant to aerobic biological treatment. The predicted behavior of the bioreactor, based on laboratory studies, agreed closely with the actual behavior of the field system. The prototype bioreactor reduced the hydrocarbon concentrations in the air by at least 90 percent with a residence time of 15 minutes and a pressure drop of 85 cm of water. The bioreactor functioned well through a range of temperatures, 12 degree C to 24 degree C. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Kampbell, D H AU - Wilson, J T AU - Read, H W AU - Stocksdale, T T AD - U.S. EPA, R.S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 1236 EP - 1240 VL - 37 IS - 10 KW - soils KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hydrocarbons KW - biological treatment KW - air pollution KW - reactors KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14753964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Removal+of+volatile+aliphatic+hydrocarbons+in+a+soil+bioreactor.&rft.au=Kampbell%2C+D+H%3BWilson%2C+J+T%3BRead%2C+H+W%3BStocksdale%2C+T+T&rft.aulast=Kampbell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biological treatment; hydrocarbons; reactors; air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent changes in Superfund policy and guidance: Alternative technology. AN - 14752250; 1615499 AB - Engineering practices applicable to Superfund sites, as viewed in the context of the institutional policies that guide them are discussed below. Past practice has relied heavily on land disposal of wastes removed from uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. The requirements of the 1984 Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act however, have caused land disposal to be the option of last choice. Indeed, the HWSA's general policy directives have established the overall environmental goal of drastically reducing dependence on land disposal for all forms of hazardous waste. The first priority is reuse or recycling of waste, the second is waste destruction, and the third is waste immobilization. The paper outlines the steps for selecting waste treatment processes for Superfund sites and distinguishes between in situ and mobile technologies. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Zamuda, C D AD - Off. Emerg. and Remed. Response, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 230 EP - 235 VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste treatment KW - technology KW - Superfund KW - federal policies KW - disposal sites KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14752250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Recent+changes+in+Superfund+policy+and+guidance%3A+Alternative+technology.&rft.au=Zamuda%2C+C+D&rft.aulast=Zamuda&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Superfund; disposal sites; waste treatment; technology; federal policies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrophilic bromination of dibenzofuran. AN - 14748104; 1614396 AB - Dibenzofuran has been brominated under standard electrophilic conditions to yield mono- through octabromodibenzofuran. The GC retention indices for ten products have been measured and correlated with the retention indices for the corresponding chloro dibenzofurans. Mass spectra for the eight major products are reported. Brominated dibenzofurans (PBDFs) may be widely dispersed in the environment, arising from oxidative ring closure of fire retardant brominated biphenyls e.g., Fire Master BP6, combustion of other bromine containing materials, from the use of brominated phenols as synthetic intermediates, and other routes analogous to the formation of the chlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). JF - Chemosphere AU - Sovocool, G W AU - Munslow, W D AU - Donnelly, J R AU - Mitchum, R K AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., P.O. Box 15027, Las Vegas, NV 89114, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 221 EP - 224 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - chemical analysis KW - fire retardants KW - gas chromatography KW - environmental monitoring KW - PCDF KW - H SE8.21:PROTECTIVE MATERIALS KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14748104?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Electrophilic+bromination+of+dibenzofuran.&rft.au=Sovocool%2C+G+W%3BMunslow%2C+W+D%3BDonnelly%2C+J+R%3BMitchum%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Sovocool&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.issn=00431303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PCDF; chemical analysis; environmental monitoring; fire retardants; gas chromatography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenicity assessment and the role of structure activity relationship (SAB) analysis under TSCA section 5. AN - 14742953; 1613871 AB - The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) was enacted in 1976 and provided certain authorities to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The stated purpose of the Act is to "protect human health and the environment by requiring testing and necessary use restrictions on certain chemical substances." TSCA makes a clear distinction between so-called "new" and "existing" chemicals. New chemicals, that is, those not appearing on the inventory of existing chemical, are subject to premanufacture reporting requirements under Section 5 of TSCA. (Drugs, pesticides, foods, food additives, cosmetics, and certain other chemicals which are controlled by other statutes are not within the purview of TSCA.) Since publication of the inventory of existing chemicals in July 1979 through the end of 1986, the Agency has received Premanufacture Notifications (PMNs) on over 8,000 new chemicals. During the last fiscal year over 1,600 PMNs were received. JF - J. ENVIRON. SCI. HEALTH, PART C. AU - Auer, C M AU - Gould, D H AD - Off. Toxic Subst. (TS-796), U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 29 EP - 71 VL - C5 IS - 1 KW - Toxic Substances Control Act KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - carcinogenesis KW - legislation KW - risk assessment KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14742953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH%2C+PART+C.&rft.atitle=Carcinogenicity+assessment+and+the+role+of+structure+activity+relationship+%28SAB%29+analysis+under+TSCA+section+5.&rft.au=Auer%2C+C+M%3BGould%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Auer&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=C5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH%2C+PART+C.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogenesis; risk assessment; legislation; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for waste load allocation of municipal sewage sludge at the 106-Mile Ocean Disposal Site. AN - 14728824; 1586362 AB - Methods for modeling short-term (time-variable) and long-term (time-averaged) exposures in the upper mixed layer that may result from the proposed disposal of sewage sludge at the 106-Mile Ocean Disposal Site are presented. The models have not been field validated at the 106-mile site, but they do provide decision makers with "upper-bound" estimates of risk to the upper water column from municipal sludge loadings currently projected for disposal at the site. The methods are believed to be useful in managing disposal site operations and in determining if future loadings to the site would be permissible. Preliminary assessments of the potential effects of the sludge disposal were made using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency marine water quality criteria, the Food and Drug Administration tolerance level for polychlorinated biphenyl residues in edible portions of fish tissue and whole-sludge toxicity test results. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Walker, HA AU - Paul, J F AU - Bierman, VJ Jr AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 475 EP - 489 VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - ANW, USA, 106 Mile Ocean Disposal Site KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - disposal sites KW - fate KW - methodology KW - models KW - risk assessment KW - risks KW - sewage sludge KW - waste load allocation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - sewage KW - waste disposal sites KW - ocean dumping KW - pollution control KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - Q2:09444 KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - D 04800:Pollution studies - general KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14728824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Methods+for+waste+load+allocation+of+municipal+sewage+sludge+at+the+106-Mile+Ocean+Disposal+Site.&rft.au=Walker%2C+HA%3BPaul%2C+J+F%3BBierman%2C+VJ+Jr&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=HA&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - models; ocean dumping; sewage; risks; waste disposal sites; pollution control; sewage sludge; disposal sites; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the occurrence of transient puffs in a rotary kiln incinerator simulator. II. Contained liquid wastes on sorbent. AN - 14726146; 1585084 AB - The generation of transient puffs resulting from the batch introduction of liquid waste into a 73 kW (250,000 Btu/h) rotary kiln incinerator simulator was investigated. The liquid was added onto a sorbent, enclosed in cylindrical cardboard containers that were introduced into the combustion chamber one at a time. A statistically designed parametric investigation determined the effects of liquid mass, liquid composition, kiln temperature, and kiln rotation speed on the total magnitude and instantaneous intensity of the pollutant puff leaving the kiln. Liquid "wastes" investigated included toluene, methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, and No. 5 fuel oil. Transient puffs from these wastes were monitored using on-line measurements for FID-measurable hydrocarbons, CO, and integrated particulate filter loadings, although the suitability of any one of these indicators depended on the chemical nature of the waste involved. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Linak, W P AU - McSorley, JA AU - Wendt, JOL AU - Dunn, JE AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 934 EP - 942 VL - 37 IS - 8 KW - methylene chloride KW - carbon tetrachloride KW - measuring systems KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - toluene KW - computer applications KW - statistical analysis KW - carbon monoxide KW - incinerators KW - liquid wastes KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14726146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=On+the+occurrence+of+transient+puffs+in+a+rotary+kiln+incinerator+simulator.+II.+Contained+liquid+wastes+on+sorbent.&rft.au=Linak%2C+W+P%3BMcSorley%2C+JA%3BWendt%2C+JOL%3BDunn%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Linak&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=934&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liquid wastes; incinerators; statistical analysis; carbon monoxide; toluene; computer applications ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The formation of products of incomplete combustion in research combustors. AN - 14725966; 1585010 AB - Experiments were conducted in which various organic chemicals were burned, generally one at a time, along with a diluent fuel, heptane, in a pilot-scale combuster (the Turbulent Flame Reactor) at U.S. EPA's Center Hill Facility. Excess air levels were varied in the reactor and Tenax trap samples were taken to determine the accompanying destruction and removal efficiencies (DRE) of the organic chemicals and the products of incomplete combustion (PIC). Results showed that the PICs did not always occur predictably, but that they were influenced by the principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) being burned. When appreciable quantities of PICs were formed, however, their emission levels generally increased with increasing levels of excess air, over the range of excess air levels investigated. Furthermore, the highest levels of PICs and unburned POHCs generally occurred at high excess air values. JF - NUCL. CHEM. WASTE MANAGE. AU - Huffman, G L AU - Staley, L J AD - Thermal Processes Res. Staff, Thermal Destr. Branch, Alternative Technol. Div., Hazard. Waste Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 29 EP - 32 VL - 7 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste management KW - organic compounds KW - research programs KW - combustion KW - emission control KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14725966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NUCL.+CHEM.+WASTE+MANAGE.&rft.atitle=The+formation+of+products+of+incomplete+combustion+in+research+combustors.&rft.au=Huffman%2C+G+L%3BStaley%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Huffman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NUCL.+CHEM.+WASTE+MANAGE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Nuclear and chemical waste management. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - combustion; research programs; organic compounds; emission control; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Destruction of volatile organic compounds via catalytic incineration. AN - 14725219; 1585358 AB - This paper reports results from an EPA-funded study designed to investigate the effect of catalytic incinerator design and operation on the destruction of specific volatile organic compounds (VOC), both singly and in mixtures. A range of operating and design parameters were tested with a wide variety of compounds and compound mixtures. Results from the study showed that key variables affecting destruction included operating conditions (temperature, space velocity, catalyst volume), VOC composition and VOC concentration. Significant differences in destruction efficiency were found for some compounds when tested alone compared to when tested in mixtures. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Tichenor, BA AU - Palazzolo, MA AD - U.S. EPA, Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., Hazard. Air Technol. Branch, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 172 EP - 176 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - catalysis KW - incineration KW - volatile organic compounds KW - emission control KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14725219?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Destruction+of+volatile+organic+compounds+via+catalytic+incineration.&rft.au=Tichenor%2C+BA%3BPalazzolo%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Tichenor&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - volatile organic compounds; incineration; catalysis; emission control; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution and morbidity revisited: A specification test. AN - 14724670; 1585255 AB - Since little is known about the correct specification of the relationship of air pollution and morbidity, it is difficult to draw any solid inferences from any set of regressions based on one single data set. It is important, therefore, to replicate whenever possible the regression results for other similar data sets. In this light, this paper replicates earlier analysis using the 1976 Health Interview Survey to relate morbidity--measured as either days of work loss, restricted activity or respiratory-related restricted activity--to particulate matter. The analysis, which uses 6 year of the annual Health Interview Survey, also uses data on fine particulates, a more relevant measure of exposure to particulate matter than total suspended particulates, which is traditionally used. JF - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management AU - Ostro, B D AD - U.S. EPA, PM-220, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 87 EP - 98 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0095-0696, 0095-0696 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality standards KW - particulates KW - air pollution KW - surveys KW - economics KW - morbidity KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14724670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Economics+and+Management&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+and+morbidity+revisited%3A+A+specification+test.&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Economics+and+Management&rft.issn=00950696&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; morbidity; surveys; particulates; air quality standards; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of on-site incineration for cleanup of dioxin-contaminated materials. AN - 14723521; 1584439 AB - The objective of the EPA Incineration System (MIS) project was to: design a trailer-mounted assembly with a nominal heat release of 15 GJ/hr, construct the unit, obtain trial burn and operating permits (which include public hearings), and - with the cooperation of a community - operate the MIS at an actual field site to clean up local organic hazardous wastes and then move the MIS to another site. Commercial interests, seeing that a mobile or transportable system - as contrasted with a fixed facility - can be operated locally with public acceptance, plan to construct and use such systems at National Priority List sites, the so-called "Superfund" sites. From January to March 1985, extensive field shakedown activities were conducted, followed by a trial burn on dioxin-contaminated liquids and solids in April. JF - NUCL. CHEM. WASTE MANAGE. AU - Freestone, F AU - Hazel, R AU - Wilder, I AU - Brugger, J AU - Yezzi, J AU - Miller, R AU - Pfrommer, C AU - Helsel, R AU - Alperin, E AD - U.S. EPA, Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 3 EP - 20 VL - 7 IS - 1 KW - dioxin KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - organic wastes KW - incineration KW - cleaning process KW - contamination KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14723521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NUCL.+CHEM.+WASTE+MANAGE.&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+on-site+incineration+for+cleanup+of+dioxin-contaminated+materials.&rft.au=Freestone%2C+F%3BHazel%2C+R%3BWilder%2C+I%3BBrugger%2C+J%3BYezzi%2C+J%3BMiller%2C+R%3BPfrommer%2C+C%3BHelsel%2C+R%3BAlperin%2C+E&rft.aulast=Freestone&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NUCL.+CHEM.+WASTE+MANAGE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Nuclear and chemical waste management. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - contamination; cleaning process; organic wastes; incineration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphate fertilization of pyritic waste: Foliar versus ground application to soya bean plants. AN - 14722576; 1585087 AB - Soya beans were grown on a P-fixing coal-cleaning waste and on an agricultural soil in an outdoor pot experiment to compare the effectiveness of foliar applications of P and application of P to the growth medium. The soil and waste were each limed to pH 6.5, fertilized with N and K and enough orthophosphate to make 20 p.p.m. total extractable P. Three fertilizer treatments were compared: 0.4% P foliar sprays, 0.2% P foliar sprays (P supplied as ammonium pyrophosphate) and an additional 80 p.p.m. P (as orthophosphate) to the growth media. Plants were sampled three times throughout the growing season to determine yield and extent of nodulation. Plants from the second harvest (during pod-fill) were analyzed for nutrient status. JF - Reclamation and Revegetation Research AU - Mitoff, S D AU - Lewis, B-AG AD - Off. Air Qual. Plann. and Stand., Stationary Source Compliance Div., U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 95 EP - 108 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 0167-644X, 0167-644X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - fertilizers KW - land application KW - phosphates KW - nutrients KW - refuse disposal KW - crops KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14722576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reclamation+and+Revegetation+Research&rft.atitle=Phosphate+fertilization+of+pyritic+waste%3A+Foliar+versus+ground+application+to+soya+bean+plants.&rft.au=Mitoff%2C+S+D%3BLewis%2C+B-AG&rft.aulast=Mitoff&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reclamation+and+Revegetation+Research&rft.issn=0167644X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - refuse disposal; phosphates; fertilizers; land application; nutrients; crops ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photoproduction of hydrated electrons from natural organic solutes in aquatic environments. AN - 14721388; 1584719 AB - Laser flash photolysis was used to investigate the transients formed on absorption of 355-nm light by dissolved organic matter (DOM) from natural water bodies and from soil. Absorption spectra and quenching studies of the transients provided confirming evidence that hydrated electrons were formed by all of the DOM that were studied. The DOM from the Suwannee River in Georgia and from the Greifensee, a Swiss lake, exhibited great variability in light-absorbing properties. Despite this high variability in absorption coefficients, the primary quantum yields for electron injection from the Greifensee and Suwannee DOM fell in a narrow range (0.005-0.008). Steady-state irradiations (355 nm) of the DOM with 2-chloroethanol (0.02 M) present as an electron scavenger produced chloride ions with quantum yields that were about 2 orders of magnitude lower than the primarily quantum yields. This result indicates that most of the photoejected electrons recombine with cations before escaping into bulk solution. Irradiations of DOM solutions under sunlight (April, latitude 34 degree N) photoproduced electrons at rates in the range of 0.2-0.4 mu mol/((mg of DOC) h). JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Zepp, R G AU - Braun, A M AU - Hoigne, J AU - Leenheer, JA AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 485 EP - 490 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - aquatic environments KW - natural water KW - soils KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - photolysis KW - organic matter KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14721388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Photoproduction+of+hydrated+electrons+from+natural+organic+solutes+in+aquatic+environments.&rft.au=Zepp%2C+R+G%3BBraun%2C+A+M%3BHoigne%2C+J%3BLeenheer%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=485&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - photolysis; organic matter ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatile organic compound emissions from 46 in-use passenger cars. AN - 14721178; 1582648 AB - This study was undertaken to ascertain the mass and the detailed hydrocarbon and aldehyde composition of emissions from vehicles actually driven by the public. A total of 46 vehicles, 1975-1982 models, were tested by the federal test procedure driving cycle, the hot soak evaporative test, the New York City driving cycle, and the crowded urban expressway driving cycle, also known as the sulfate cycle. Overall composition was quite consistent among cycles and years, with some changes occurring in the 1981 and 1982 models. Mass emission decreased with model year, showing the most significant decreases in latter years as the standards became more stringent. A total of 82 individual hydrocarbons and 10 aldehydes are reported for each test condition. The ratio of hydrocarbons to oxides of nitrogen increased dramatically on the lower speed cycles. JF - Environmental Science and Technology AU - Sigsby, JE Jr AU - Tejada, S AU - Ray, W AD - Mobile Sources Emission Res. Branch, Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27710, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 466 EP - 475 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - New York, New York KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - volatile organic compounds KW - smog KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H ST2.26:EMISSIONS AND EMISSION CONTROL UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14721178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Volatile+organic+compound+emissions+from+46+in-use+passenger+cars.&rft.au=Sigsby%2C+JE+Jr%3BTejada%2C+S%3BRay%2C+W&rft.aulast=Sigsby&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - volatile organic compounds; automotive exhaust emissions; smog; ozone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved silica gel cleanup method for organophosphorus pesticides. AN - 14720774; 1582450 AB - Quantitative recovery of some organophosphorus pesticide residues has not been possible with existing silica gel-cleanup procedures. The authors have developed a modification that permits quantitative recovery of all organophosphorus pesticides tested except those with a carbamate functional group. The method uses a 3.5 g silica gel column with a 1% acetic acid wash to condition the column prior to the addition of the sample. Percentage recovery and standard deviation of compounds such as phorate and disulfoton are 96 (5.6) and 98 (1.0) respectively. Recoveries range from 92 to 101% for the 11 compounds tested. JF - Chemosphere AU - Lores, E M AU - Moore, J C AU - Moody, P AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 1065 EP - 1069 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - carbamates KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - residues KW - cleaning process KW - organophosphorus compounds KW - silica KW - pesticides KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SE5.24:CARBONATES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14720774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Improved+silica+gel+cleanup+method+for+organophosphorus+pesticides.&rft.au=Lores%2C+E+M%3BMoore%2C+J+C%3BMoody%2C+P&rft.aulast=Lores&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1065&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organophosphorus compounds; cleaning process; residues; pesticides; silica ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Classification and identification of hazardous organic compounds in ambient air by pattern recognition of mass spectral data. AN - 14719775; 1584100 AB - A new method for classification and identification of target air pollutants based on class modeling pattern recognition of autocorrelation transformed mass spectra has been developed. Target and other compounds can be classified into three classes: chloro compounds, bromoalkanes and bromoalkenes, and non-halobenzenes. After classification, the 78 target compounds are identified by comparing their mass spectra with those of their three nearest neighbors in the target set. This pattern recognition scheme has been applied to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry data from three field samples obtained in routine ambient air monitoring. The accuracy of target compound classification and identification was 88 and 85%. JF - Environmental Science and Technology AU - Scott AU - Dunn, WI III AU - Emery, S L AD - Environ. Monit. Sys. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 891 EP - 897 VL - 21 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - air pollutants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - gas chromatography KW - environmental monitoring KW - organic compounds KW - mass spectroscopy KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14719775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Classification+and+identification+of+hazardous+organic+compounds+in+ambient+air+by+pattern+recognition+of+mass+spectral+data.&rft.au=Scott%3BDunn%2C+WI+III%3BEmery%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; gas chromatography; mass spectroscopy; environmental monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of teflon-coated glass fiber filters: A potential problem and solutions. AN - 14719716; 1585397 AB - Teflon-coated glass fiber filters, used in studies of air-borne particulate matter, were tested for mutagenic activity with the Salmonella /mammalian-microsome (Ames) assay. Eight blank filters were simultaneously extracted with dichloromethane (DCM). Extracts were concentrated by rotary evaporation and a nitrogen purge and were solvent exchanged into dimethyl sulfoxide (Me sub(2)SO) for bioassay. Mutagenicity testing was performed on strain TA98, with and without metabolic activation. Findings indicated that both direct- and indirect-acting frameshift mutagens were present on the blank filters. Preextracting the filters with DCM reduced the activity associated with the filters; however, forced-air baking increased the mutagenic response. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Houk, V S AU - Zweidinger, R B AU - Claxton, L D AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab. and Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 917 EP - 920 VL - 21 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - mutation KW - air sampling KW - fibers KW - Ames test KW - assays KW - filters KW - H SM5.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14719716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+teflon-coated+glass+fiber+filters%3A+A+potential+problem+and+solutions.&rft.au=Houk%2C+V+S%3BZweidinger%2C+R+B%3BClaxton%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Houk&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=468&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - assays; Ames test; mutation; filters; fibers; air sampling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of aniline and three derivatives on laboratory microecosystems. AN - 14719089; 1577633 AB - Generic mixed-flask microcosms were used to evaluate ecosystem responses to aniline and three closely related compounds-2.6-diisopropylaniline, 4-hexyloxyaniline and 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline. Toxicity was determined on both an acute and chronic basis using changes in ecosystem-level variables (pH and dissolved oxygen levels) as indicators of effect. These calculated toxicity values were then compared with reported toxicity data on bacteria, algae, protozoa and Cladocera to evaluate the relative sensitivity of the method. The relative toxicities of the tested compounds were the same in microcosm tests as in the available single-species tests, but the range between the most and least toxic as determined by the microcosm test was smaller by an order of magnitude. Aniline was the least toxic, followed, in order of increasing toxicity, by 2.6-diisopropylaniline, 4-hexyloxyaniline and 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Yount, J D AU - Shannon, L J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 463 EP - 468 VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - aniline KW - aquatic environments KW - chemical pollutants KW - derivatives KW - ecosystem models KW - hazard assessment KW - laboratories KW - laboratory methods KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - ecosystems KW - hazards KW - aquatic organisms KW - toxicity KW - pollution effects KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - H SE1.23:FAUNA AND FLORA ECOLOGY KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14719089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aniline+and+three+derivatives+on+laboratory+microecosystems.&rft.au=Yount%2C+J+D%3BShannon%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Yount&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollutants; hazards; aquatic organisms; toxicity; toxicity tests; ecosystems; hazard assessment; pollution effects; ecosystem models; laboratory methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochemical effects of two promoters of hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. AN - 14718961; 1582712 AB - The effects of two promoters of hepatocarcinogenesis-phenobarbital and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)-on five hepatic biochemical parameters were examined in adult female rats. Phenobarbital given orally in two doses each of 110 mg/kg 21 4 hr before the rats were killed caused large increased in hepatic ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and cytochrome P-450 content. Extending the number of phenobarbital treatments to five increased the hepatic enzyme induction and also caused a minor decrease in hepatic glutathione and a small increase in serum alanine aminotransferase activity. Two oral doses of 700 mg BHT/kg (20% of the LD sub(50)) caused hepatic DNA damage and induction of both ODC activity and cytochrome P-450 content. When the dose of BHT was reduced from 700 to 140 mg/kg no significant effects on the biochemical parameters were found. Both promoters of hepatocarcinogenesis were identified by their induction of ODC, a marker for promotional potential, but only BHT showed a potential for carcinogenic initiation. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AD - Exp. Biol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 603 EP - 607 VL - 25 IS - 8 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - enzymatic activity KW - phenobarbital KW - BHT KW - butylated hydroxytoluene KW - rats KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogenicity KW - biochemistry KW - enzymes KW - carcinogenesis KW - liver KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - X 24117:Biochemistry KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14718961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Biochemical+effects+of+two+promoters+of+hepatocarcinogenesis+in+rats.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver; carcinogenicity; rats; enzymes; carcinogenesis; biochemistry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate-induced photooxidation of trace organic chemicals in water. AN - 14718239; 1584822 AB - The oxidation kinetics of butyl chloride, nitrobenzene, anisole, and methylmercury in the presence of hydroxyl radical ( super(.)OH) scavengers were used to determine the rate and quantum efficiency for production of super(.)OH from irradiated nitrate ions in water. The experiments were conducted under steady-state irradiations with monochromatic radiation (313 nm) and with sunlight. The mean quantum efficiency for super(.)OH production at 313 nm rises from 0.013 plus or minus 0.002 at 20 degree C to 0.017 plus or minus 0.003 at 30 degree C in the pH range 6.2-8.2. Results of this study are used to estimate nitrate-induced photooxidation rates of trace organic chemicals under a variety of environmental conditions. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Zepp, R G AU - Hoigne, J AU - Bader, H AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 443 EP - 450 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - aquatic environments KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - nitrates KW - photooxidation KW - chemicals KW - ions KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14718239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Nitrate-induced+photooxidation+of+trace+organic+chemicals+in+water.&rft.au=Zepp%2C+R+G%3BHoigne%2C+J%3BBader%2C+H&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - photooxidation; nitrates; ions; chemicals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Triphenyl phosphite neuropathy differs from organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy in rats. AN - 14716825; 1573739 AB - The topographies of neuropathic damage produced by triphenyl phosphite (TPP) and tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) are contrasted in the present study. Functional changes, seen in multiple-dosed TPP-rats included tail-kinking, circling, and ataxia. Neuropathological damage consisted of degeneration of the ventrolateral and ventral columns of the spinal cord at all levels, and moderate peripheral nerve fibre damage. There was also medullary brainstem involvement, the inferior cerebellar peduncles. The data indicate that the neuropathic profile of TPP differs markedly from the delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) associated with exposure to model organophosphorus compounds such as TOCP. JF - Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology AU - Veronesi, B AU - Dvergsten, C AD - U.S. EPA, HEL/NTD/MD-74B, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 193 EP - 208 VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 0305-1846, 0305-1846 KW - effects on KW - characterization KW - rats KW - pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - neurotoxicity KW - spinal cord KW - brain stem KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24134:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14716825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuropathology+and+Applied+Neurobiology&rft.atitle=Triphenyl+phosphite+neuropathy+differs+from+organophosphorus-induced+delayed+neuropathy+in+rats.&rft.au=Veronesi%2C+B%3BDvergsten%2C+C&rft.aulast=Veronesi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neuropathology+and+Applied+Neurobiology&rft.issn=03051846&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; spinal cord; brain stem ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorinated hydrocarbons in lower continental slope fish collected near the Farallon Islands, California. AN - 14716189; 1584414 AB - During December, 1985, Dover sole (Microstomus pacificus ) were collected at water depths of 500 and 1,000 m and sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria ) were collected at a water depth of 1,000 m in the vicinity of former low-level radioactive and chemical munition disposal sites located near the Farallon Islands, California. Liver tissues were analysed for chlorinated hydrocarbons by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC/ECD). Chlorinated hydrocarbons (DDTs and PCBs) were detected in all fish. Concentrations of total DDTs and PCBs in livers of Dover sole and sablefish were as high as, or higher than, those recently reported for the same species collected in heavily contaminated coastal waters of Southern California. The presence of DDTs (up to 9 mu g g super(-1), wet wt) and PCBs (up to 7 mu g g super(-1), wet wt) in fish livers may indicate extensive contamination of the coastal waters or bottom sediments in the vicinity of the Farallon Islands. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Melzian, B D AU - Zoffmann, C AU - Spies, R B AD - U.S. EPA, Region 9, 215 Fremont St., San Francisco, CA 94105, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 388 EP - 393 VL - 18 IS - 7 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - California KW - DDT KW - INE, USA, California, Farallon I. KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - continental slope KW - continental slopes KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - marine pollution KW - Anoplopoma fimbria KW - bioaccumulation KW - USA, California KW - pollution effects KW - Marine KW - Microstomus pacificus KW - hydrocarbons KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14716189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Chlorinated+hydrocarbons+in+lower+continental+slope+fish+collected+near+the+Farallon+Islands%2C+California.&rft.au=Melzian%2C+B+D%3BZoffmann%2C+C%3BSpies%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Melzian&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; continental slope; marine pollution; DDT; hydrocarbons; pollution effects; PCB; bioaccumulation; PCB compounds; Microstomus pacificus; Anoplopoma fimbria; USA, California; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The toxicologic effects of the carbamate insecticide aldicarb in mammals: A review. AN - 14716122; 1573754 AB - Aldicarb, 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propionaldehyde-O-methylcarbamoyloxime, is an oxime carbamate in secticide manufactured by the Union Carbide Corporation and sold under the trade name Temik. The primary mechanism of toxic action of aldicarb is cholinesterase inhibition. However, unlike the relatively irreversible anticholinesterase activity of the organophosphate pesticides, the carbamylation process which produces the anti-AChE action is quickly reversible. Aldicarb is readily absorbed through both gut and the skin, but is rapidly metabolized and excreted in the urine almostly completely within 24 hr. Although it is acutely toxic to humans and laboratory animals, aldicarb is not known to be carcinogenic, teratogenic, conclusively mutagenic, or to produce other long-term adverse health effects. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Risher, J F AU - Mink, F L AU - Stara, J F AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Crit. and Assess. Off., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 267 EP - 281 VL - 72 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - aldicarb KW - pesticides (carbamates) KW - carbamates KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - reviews KW - toxicity KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SE5.24:CARBONATES KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14716122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+toxicologic+effects+of+the+carbamate+insecticide+aldicarb+in+mammals%3A+A+review.&rft.au=Risher%2C+J+F%3BMink%2C+F+L%3BStara%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Risher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; reviews; insecticides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigations of amitraz neurotoxicity in rats. I. Effects on operant performance. AN - 14715312; 1573606 AB - Amitraz (AMZ) is a formamidine pesticide which is often compared to chlordimeform (CDM). The effects of AMZ (6.25-75 mg/kg) and CDM (5-20 mg/kg) on the schedule-controlled performance of rats were examined using a multiple fixed-ratio (FR) 10 fixed-interval (FI) 300-sec schedule of milk reinforcement. Following dose-effect determinations, rats received three daily doses of AMZ (50 mg/kg). Low to intermediate doses of AMZ (6.25-25 mg/kg), administered 20 min presession, significantly decreased FI responding but not FR responding. In contrast, CDM appeared to decrease responding similarly under both components. Both compounds disrupted the temporal pattern of responding within the interval; AMZ had only a moderate influence at all effective doses but CDM produced a marked dose-dependent disruption of temporal response patterning. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Moser, V C AU - Boyes, W K AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 131 EP - 139 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - effects on KW - amitraz KW - operant response KW - rats KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - neurotoxicity KW - pesticides KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14715312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Investigations+of+amitraz+neurotoxicity+in+rats.+I.+Effects+on+operant+performance.&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; rats; pesticides; operant response ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of the semi-VOST method. AN - 14713369; 1582867 AB - The Semi-Volatile Organic Sampling Train method was investigated to determine its reliability and to determine the bias and precision of the method when used to determine emissions from hazardous waste incinerators. Experiments showed that the matrix and sampling variables usually involved in sampling emissions from a hazardous waste incinerator had no significant effect on the recovery of 11 different organic compounds. Significant losses of the sampled compounds can occur during sample preparation. The degree of loss appears to be directly related to the compounds, vapor pressure. The losses can be corrected for by adding deuterated surrogates to the sample and analyzing the surrogates along with the native compounds. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Margeson, J H AU - Knoll, E AU - Midgett, M R AU - Wagoner, DE AU - Rice, J AU - Homolya, J B AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 1067 EP - 1074 VL - 37 IS - 9 KW - waste treatment KW - vapor KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - emission control KW - hazardous materials KW - incinerators KW - volatile organic compounds KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14713369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+the+semi-VOST+method.&rft.au=Margeson%2C+J+H%3BKnoll%2C+E%3BMidgett%2C+M+R%3BWagoner%2C+DE%3BRice%2C+J%3BHomolya%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Margeson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - volatile organic compounds; incinerators; hazardous materials; emission control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of lowered dissolved oxygen concentration on the toxicity of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene to fathead minnows. AN - 14712979; 1561128 AB - This study was to determines if dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration affects the toxicity of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TCB) to fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas , exposed during the embryonic-to-larval-juvenile development stage. This stage in the growth of the fathead minnow and several other species of fish has been found to be the most sensitive, or among the most sensitive, to chemical pollutants in life-cycle toxicity tests. Brungs also found that fathead minnow was most sensitive to low DO concentrations at this life stage. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Carlson, A R AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 667 EP - 673 VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene KW - DO KW - benzene KW - developmental stages KW - effects on KW - freshwater fish KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Pimephales promelas KW - toxicity KW - dissolved oxygen KW - freshwater pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - H SE1.22:LAKE AND RIVER ECOLOGY KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14712979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+lowered+dissolved+oxygen+concentration+on+the+toxicity+of+1%2C2%2C4-trichlorobenzene+to+fathead+minnows.&rft.au=Carlson%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; dissolved oxygen; freshwater fish; freshwater pollution; toxicity tests; benzene; DO; Pimephales promelas; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal toxicity of ammonia to five fish and nine invertebrates species. AN - 14705664; 1562196 AB - This laboratory study is part of a larger evaluation in assessing the impact of ammonia nitrogen in outdoor experimental streams at and above derived water quality criteria concentrations. Primary objective for the laboratory study was to determine the relative sensitivity of un-ionized ammonia to fish and invertebrates in river water at ambient seasonal temperatures. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Arthur, J W AU - West, C W AU - Allen, K N AU - Hedtke, S F AD - U.S. EPA, Monticello Ecol. Res. Stn., Monticello, MN 55362, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 324 EP - 331 VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - fish KW - freshwater fish KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - freshwater organisms KW - ammonia KW - Freshwater KW - Pisces KW - toxicity KW - freshwater pollution KW - Invertebrata KW - species diversity KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14705664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Seasonal+toxicity+of+ammonia+to+five+fish+and+nine+invertebrates+species.&rft.au=Arthur%2C+J+W%3BWest%2C+C+W%3BAllen%2C+K+N%3BHedtke%2C+S+F&rft.aulast=Arthur&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=324&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - freshwater organisms; toxicity; freshwater fish; fish; freshwater pollution; toxicity tests; ammonia; species diversity; Pisces; Invertebrata; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geologic and atmospheric input factors affecting watershed chemistry in Upper Michigan. AN - 14696717; 1561357 AB - The relationships between watershed variables and lakewater chemistry were examined for 53 lakes in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to identify factors influencing lake sensitivity to atmospheric inputs. The lakes lie in three distinct geologic/geomorphic regions. Acid neutralization capacity (ANC), sulfate, and color were correlated with parameters related to atmospheric loading, watershed area and relief, hydrology, geology, and land use for the entire 53-lake set and for lower alkalinity subsets. Acid-neutralizing capacity was related to atmospheric acidic inputs and, in the southern portion of the Upper Peninsula, to the presence of mineralized groundwater inputs. In the north, ANC is correlated with hydrologic lake type and surficial deposits. JF - ENVIRON. GEOL. WATER SCI. AU - Rapp, G Jr AU - Liukkonen, B W AU - Allert, J D AU - Sorensen, JA AU - Glass, GE AU - Loucks, O L AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 155 EP - 171 VL - 9 IS - 3 KW - Michigan KW - freshwater lakes KW - limnological surveys KW - neutralization KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - hydrology KW - watersheds KW - Freshwater KW - acid rain KW - USA, Michigan KW - chemistry KW - Q2:09443 KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14696717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ENVIRON.+GEOL.+WATER+SCI.&rft.atitle=Geologic+and+atmospheric+input+factors+affecting+watershed+chemistry+in+Upper+Michigan.&rft.au=Rapp%2C+G+Jr%3BLiukkonen%2C+B+W%3BAllert%2C+J+D%3BSorensen%2C+JA%3BGlass%2C+GE%3BLoucks%2C+O+L&rft.aulast=Rapp&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ENVIRON.+GEOL.+WATER+SCI.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrology; freshwater lakes; chemistry; limnological surveys; watersheds; acid rain; neutralization; USA, Michigan; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous waste: Prevention or cleanup?. AN - 14688221; 1547858 AB - Critical issues are involved in the way hazardous wastes are viewed. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Hirschhorn, J S AU - Oldenburg, K U AD - Off. Technol. Assess., EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 532 EP - 533 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - waste management KW - economics KW - environmental protection KW - cleaning process KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14688221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Hazardous+waste%3A+Prevention+or+cleanup%3F.&rft.au=Hirschhorn%2C+J+S%3BOldenburg%2C+K+U&rft.aulast=Hirschhorn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous materials; cleaning process; waste management; environmental protection; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's risk assessment culture. AN - 14688055; 1547835 AB - This article offers some preliminary observation, hypotheses, and discussion about EPA's organizational culture. In particular, it focuses on some of the organizational values and dynamics that influence the practice of risk assessment at EPA. The purpose of this article is not to identify or evaluate all of the existing or potential factors that comprise EPA's risk assessment culture but rather to comment on some selected factors that greatly influence the practice risk assessment. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Yosie, T F AD - EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 526 EP - 531 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - risk assessment KW - federal regulations KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14688055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+risk+assessment+culture.&rft.au=Yosie%2C+T+F&rft.aulast=Yosie&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; risk assessment; federal regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitric acid-nitrate aerosol measurements by a diffusion denuder: A performance evaluation. AN - 14679747; 1547188 AB - A nitric acid diffusion denuder made of nylon was operated in Riverside, CA, Houston, TX and Claremont, CA. The pre-exponential and diffusion coefficients for the first term of the Gormley-Kennedy equation were estimated by regressing the log (nitrate mass deposited) against the axial distance from the entrance of the denuder. The field study average values of the two coefficients were compared by the two-tail t-test to the average values for the HNO sub(3)-air system determined in the laboratory; the hypothesis that the means of the diffusion coefficients are equal may be rejected at the < 5% level of significance. The nitrate ion mass patterns in the denuder for the field cases do not adhere to the Gormley-Kennedy model applied to the simple HNO sub(3)-air system. The source of excess nitrate deposited in the nylon tube could not identified by this analysis. Candidate sources are deposition of gaseous N-compounds (analyzed as nitrate) other than nitric acid and release of nitric acid vapor from particles during transit in the denuder tube. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Durham, J L AU - Spiller, L L AU - Ellestad, T G AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 589 EP - 598 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - nitrates KW - atmosphere KW - aerosols KW - air pollution KW - particulates KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14679747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Nitric+acid-nitrate+aerosol+measurements+by+a+diffusion+denuder%3A+A+performance+evaluation.&rft.au=Durham%2C+J+L%3BSpiller%2C+L+L%3BEllestad%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Durham&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; particulates; air pollution; atmosphere; nitrates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential contribution of sulfate production in cumulus cloud droplets to ground level particle sulfur concentrations. AN - 14679497; 1546388 AB - The relationships have been examined between the presence or absence of cumulus clouds and 3rd quarter fine particle sulfur concentrations in St. Louis. An association between the presence of cumulus clouds with SO sub(2) conversions in droplets and incrementally higher fine particle sulfur concentrations can be demonstrated. However, diurnal patterns of fine particle sulfur concentrations in the presence of cumulus clouds are not consistent with local contributions from sulfate formation in cumulus clouds. Morning fog often occurs on the same days on which cumulus clouds form later. Reactions of SO sub(2) in fog droplets appear to make a contribution, but do not account for the major part of the increments in fine particle sulfur concentrations associated with cumulus clouds. The variations in fine particle sulfur concentrations observed can be explained if a substantial part of the sulfate formed in cumulus is transported upwards from the planetary boundary layer into the lower free troposphere. Subsequent multiday regional scale horizontal transport with concurrent gradual vertical transport of sulfate down to the surface would be consistent with the observed results. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Altshullur, A P AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., Off. Res. and Dev., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 1097 EP - 1105 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - chemical reactions KW - fog KW - photochemicals KW - meteorology KW - boundary layers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14679497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Potential+contribution+of+sulfate+production+in+cumulus+cloud+droplets+to+ground+level+particle+sulfur+concentrations.&rft.au=Altshullur%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Altshullur&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1097&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary layers; photochemicals; fog; chemical reactions; meteorology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships between direction of wind flow and fine particle sulfur concentrations within and upwind of St. Louis, MO. AN - 14678987; 1546938 AB - The relationships are considered between monthly and quarterly means of the fine particle sulfur (S) concentrations and wind flow direction, period of day and season of the year. The measurements used are those obtained at selected urban and at rural monitoring stations in the St. Louis area during the Regional Air Pollution Study in 1975, 1976 and 1977. Higher mean fine particle S concentrations are observed with wind flows from the E compared to the W and from the NE and SE quadrant compared to the NW quadrant. Substantially higher fine particle S concentrations are obtained with wind flows from the E compared to the W even when conditions are selected so that the values of temperature, solar radiation intensity and wind speed are within the same restricted ranges. A consistent increase in the fine particle S concentrations occurs through the late morning and afternoon with decrease in the evening and especially in the early morning during spring and summer months with wind flows from the E. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Altshuller, A P AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., Off. Res. and Dev., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 1023 EP - 1032 VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Missouri, St. Louis KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - wind KW - photochemicals KW - sulfur KW - meteorology KW - particles KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14678987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Relationships+between+direction+of+wind+flow+and+fine+particle+sulfur+concentrations+within+and+upwind+of+St.+Louis%2C+MO.&rft.au=Altshuller%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Altshuller&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - particles; sulfur; wind; meteorology; photochemicals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Environmental Protection Agency's risk assessment guidelines. AN - 14678749; 1546926 AB - In recent years, the EPA has moved toward a risk assessment/risk reduction framework for making regulatory decisions. The Agency has taken a number of steps to assure the quality and consistency of the risk assessment component of those decisions. The first, and perhaps most important of these steps, is the development of agency-wide risk assessment guidelines. Five guidelines have been published. They are: carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, developmental toxicity, chemical mixtures, and exposure. The provisions of the five guidelines are discussed in the context of the four components of risk assessment. Other activities designed to assure quality and consistency in risk assessments, reduce uncertainty in risk assessment, ensure a more efficient information exchange about risk and risk assessment, and develop the appropriate oversight mechanisms are also discussed. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Preuss, P W AU - Ehrlich, A M AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St., S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 784 EP - 791 VL - 37 IS - 7 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - mutagens KW - carcinogens KW - EPA KW - toxicity KW - risk assessment KW - federal regulations KW - public health KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14678749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=The+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+risk+assessment+guidelines.&rft.au=Preuss%2C+P+W%3BEhrlich%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Preuss&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=784&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; risk assessment; federal regulations; carcinogens; mutagens; pollution control; public health; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reducing risk in hazardous waste management. AN - 14677860; 1547111 AB - Over the past several years, the Environmental Protection Agency has attempted to institutionalize an approach to its activities that is characterized by an active attempt to separate risk assessment from risk management activities. This approach, while not new in concept, has only been evolving at EPA for about years. The office of Research and Development, or ORD, has organized its research planning activities around this risk assessment-risk management concept. In order for the approach to succeed, it is necessary to develop the data and methodology necessary to undertake risk assessments both in the area of human health and ecology, and to develop methods to reduce those risks. Research planning is organized into four major areas: Human Health Risk, Environmental or Ecological Risk, Exposure Assessment, and Risk Reduction. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Newill, V A AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 833 EP - 835 VL - 37 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - EPA KW - waste management KW - environmental protection KW - public health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14677860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Reducing+risk+in+hazardous+waste+management.&rft.au=Newill%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Newill&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=833&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - waste management; hazardous materials; environmental protection; EPA; public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Translating research into large-scale production facilities. AN - 14673723; 1545717 AB - Odor control and pathogen reduction must take priority, the author notes, in this analysis of recent reports on composting strategies. JF - Biocycle AU - Walker, J M AD - Off. Munic. Pollut. Control, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 36 EP - 39 VL - 28 IS - 5 SN - 0276-5055, 0276-5055 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - odors KW - composting KW - pathogens KW - research programs KW - pollution control KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - H SE3.25:COMPOSTING, RECYCLING, REUSE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14673723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocycle&rft.atitle=Translating+research+into+large-scale+production+facilities.&rft.au=Walker%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocycle&rft.issn=02765055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - odors; pollution control; composting; research programs; pathogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A wind tunnel study of the flow structure and dispersion from sources upwind of three-dimensional hills. AN - 14673107; 1545802 AB - The flow fields around moderately steep hills of triangular cross section and varying crosswind aspect ratio and around a bell-shaped hill were examined by using models immersed in a simulated neutral atmospheric boundary layer in a meteorological wind tunnel. The triangular hills ranged from an axisymmetric cone to a two-dimensional ridge. Concentration patterns resulting from sources of three heights placed upwind of each of these hills were examined to determine plume deformations and terrain amplification factors. The separated flow fields, increasing in size with increasing aspect ratio, appeared to have dominating influences on the entire flow structure; changes in several flow parameters were plausibly explained in terms of the notion that the effective hill shape was the hill-plus-recirculation region rather than the actual hill shape. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Snyder, W H AU - Britter, R E AD - Meteorol. and Assess. Div., Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 735 EP - 751 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - diffusion KW - atmosphere KW - meteorology KW - boundary layers KW - air pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14673107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=A+wind+tunnel+study+of+the+flow+structure+and+dispersion+from+sources+upwind+of+three-dimensional+hills.&rft.au=Snyder%2C+W+H%3BBritter%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Snyder&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=735&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; boundary layers; diffusion; meteorology; air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of exposure patterns of nitrogen dioxide and modifications by ozone on susceptibility to bacterial infectious disease in mice. AN - 14658460; 1511737 AB - Mice were exposed to NO sub(2) peaks of 4.5 ppm for 1, 3.5, or 7 h, challenged with Streptococcus) sp. either immediately or 18 h postexposure, and then observed for mortality. When the streptococcal challenges were immediately after NO sub(2) exposure, the mortality rate was directly related to the length of peak exposure, whether or not a basal exposure was used, and all peak lengths significantly increased mortality. When the challenge was delayed for 18 h after the peak exposure, spiked exposures of 3.5 and 7 h increased mortality to the same degree. If a 1-h peak exposure to 4.5 ppm was superimposed twice daily upon a continuous basal NO sub(2) concentration of 1.5 ppm, there was a suggestive trend toward increased mortality near the end of the second week of exposure when challenge occurred immediately after the morning spike. Studies were also conducted to examine interactions with ozone (O sub(3)) and NO sub(2), since urban air typically contains both of these oxidants. Using various combinations of basal and spiked exposure levels of NO sub(2) and O sub(3), synergistic results were obtained for streptococcal-induced mortality. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Graham, JA AU - Gardner, DE AU - Blommer, E J AU - House, DE AU - Menache, M G AU - Miller, F J AD - EPA, MD-51, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 113 EP - 125 VL - 21 IS - 1-2 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - effects on KW - susceptibility KW - ozone KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - mice KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Streptococcus KW - bacteria KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others KW - H SM6.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14658460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Influence+of+exposure+patterns+of+nitrogen+dioxide+and+modifications+by+ozone+on+susceptibility+to+bacterial+infectious+disease+in+mice.&rft.au=Graham%2C+JA%3BGardner%2C+DE%3BBlommer%2C+E+J%3BHouse%2C+DE%3BMenache%2C+M+G%3BMiller%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Streptococcus; ozone; nitrogen dioxide; bacteria; mice ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cigarette smoke and lung cancer. AN - 14657723; 1530078 AB - This note presents an overview of deposition studies relevant to the cigarette smoke issue, gives new information on cigarette smoke dispersion within bronchial airways, and comments on the dosimetric importance of deposition "hot spots". JF - Health Physics AU - Martonen, T B AU - Hofmann, W AU - Lowe, JE AD - Toxicol. Branch, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 213 EP - 217 VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - tumors KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - smoke KW - cigarettes KW - lung KW - cancer KW - H SE4.26:DRUGS AND ALCOHOL KW - H SM10.21:CANCER KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14657723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Cigarette+smoke+and+lung+cancer.&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T+B%3BHofmann%2C+W%3BLowe%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cigarettes; smoke; lung; cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of different levels and periods of lead exposure on tissue levels and excretion of lead, zinc, and calcium in rats. AN - 14655041; 1530063 AB - Influence of lead on tissue content and urinary excretion of lead, zinc, and calcium in rats was studied following various exposure periods. urinary lead excretion was highest at 4 weeks and declined with longer exposure. Urinary zinc excretion correlated positively with lead excretion at the lower excretion rates but plateaued at higher lead excretion rates. After 12 weeks exposure at each lead dose employed, decreased zinc concentration was observed in testes, bone, and brain. Plasma, erythrocyte, and kidney zinc were not affected, while pancreas and liver zinc were slightly elevated. Urine calcium was increased significantly only in rats exposed to 1000 ppm, possibly reflecting renal cell damage as determined by elevated renal calcium levels. These results indicate that lead dose is more important than exposure period for determining kidney lead levels, while urinary lead excretion rate is both dose and time dependent. Blood lead clearance values are relatively independent of dose and fall as exposure continues. Essential trace metal balance for zinc, especially, and to a lesser extent for calcium, is affected by the dose and length of chronic lead exposure. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Victery, W AU - Miller, C R AU - Zhu, S-Y AU - Goyer, R A AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 506 EP - 516 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - excretion KW - levels KW - lead KW - zinc KW - cadmium KW - rats KW - heavy metals KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - tissues KW - metabolism KW - H SE4.26:DRUGS AND ALCOHOL KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14655041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+different+levels+and+periods+of+lead+exposure+on+tissue+levels+and+excretion+of+lead%2C+zinc%2C+and+calcium+in+rats.&rft.au=Victery%2C+W%3BMiller%2C+C+R%3BZhu%2C+S-Y%3BGoyer%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Victery&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lead; zinc; cadmium; metabolism; tissues; rats; heavy metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of a computer simulation model to evaluate a plant disease biocontrol agent. AN - 14654884; 1524556 AB - A computer simulation model (INHIBSIM) was developed to predict population dynamics of a bacterial biological control agent (Pseudomonas fluorescens ) on the foliage of red pine (Pinus resinosa ) seedlings, and subsequent effects on conidial germination of a fungal plant pathogen (Gremmeniella abietina ). The model was tested under controlled-environment and field conditions. Recoverable populations of bacteria were extremely sensitive to leaf wetness but relatively insensitive to temperature. Germination of conidia was insensitive to small variations in bacterial concentration. Successful biological control of foliar plant pathogens using bacterial antagonists will require identification of agents that do not require dense concentrations to be effective and development of techniques (formulation, environmental manipulation) to enhance their survival. Predictive population models can identify and quantify these requirements, and reduce the costs of evaluating and developing potential biocontrol agents. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Knudsen, G R AU - Hudler, G W AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 45 EP - 62 VL - 35 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - INHIBSIM KW - botany KW - Gremmeniella abietina KW - Pinus resinosa KW - Pseudomonas fluorescens KW - biological control KW - mathematical models KW - pathogens KW - pest control KW - population dynamics KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - A 01030:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14654884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Use+of+a+computer+simulation+model+to+evaluate+a+plant+disease+biocontrol+agent.&rft.au=Knudsen%2C+G+R%3BHudler%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Knudsen&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas fluorescens; Pinus resinosa; Gremmeniella abietina; mathematical models; biological control; population dynamics; pathogens; pest control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunologic effects of nonionizing electromagnetic radiation. AN - 14653424; 1530151 AB - Public concern for potential health and environmental effects associated with nonionizing electromagnetic radiation (NER) exposure has grown. This concern has stimulated a great deal of scientific inquiry that has attempted to determine the effects of exposure to NER on a variety of biological systems. Unfortunately, much of the earlier (pre-1978) and some of the more recent research on NER biological effects is faulty because of poorly designed experiments. Consequently, any review of the NER literature requires careful attention to the experimental design of the reported studies, to the NER exposure system design and exposure regimen, and to the statistical analysis of the data, in order to avoid arriving at spurious conclusions. The purpose of this paper is to review critically the reported effects of NER on the immunologic system of laboratory animals. JF - IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - Perinatal Toxicol. Branch, Dev. Biol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 47 EP - 51 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 0739-5175, 0739-5175 KW - effects on KW - electromagnetic radiation KW - immune system KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - radiation KW - animals KW - electromagnetic fields KW - immunology KW - H SM8.9.1:RADIATION HAZARDS KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14653424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Engineering+in+Medicine+and+Biology&rft.atitle=Immunologic+effects+of+nonionizing+electromagnetic+radiation.&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Engineering+in+Medicine+and+Biology&rft.issn=07395175&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - animals; electromagnetic fields; immunology; radiation; electromagnetic radiation; immune system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Four common diagnostic problems that inhibit radon mitigation. AN - 14651501; 1510494 AB - The four radon diagnostic problems identified in this paper represent only a few of the many daily problems encountered by radon diagnosticians. Nonetheless, these are some of the current common problems that need to be considered and hopefully resolved in the near future. Researchers and practitioners of radon mitigation are encouraged to develop workable solutions to these and other radon related probelems. EPA's Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory is interested in receiving information concerning diagnostic and mitigation alternatives that have been demonstrated to work or have shown potential for working. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Osborne, M C AD - Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 604 EP - 606 VL - 37 IS - 5 KW - diagnosis KW - pollutant detection KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - economics KW - radon KW - environmental protection KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14651501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Four+common+diagnostic+problems+that+inhibit+radon+mitigation.&rft.au=Osborne%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Osborne&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - radon; economics; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating sample requirements for field evaluations of pesticide leaching. AN - 14645622; 1510721 AB - A method is presented for estimating the number of samples needed to evaluate pesticide leaching threats to ground water at a desired level of precision. Sample size projections are based on desired precision (exhibited as relative tolerable error), level of confidence (90 or 95%) and estimates of variability (expressed as the coefficient of variation) for selected pesticide and soil characteristics. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Smith, C N AU - Parrish, R S AU - Carsel, R F AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 343 EP - 357 VL - 6 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - groundwater KW - water quality KW - leaching KW - pesticides KW - sampling methods KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14645622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Estimating+sample+requirements+for+field+evaluations+of+pesticide+leaching.&rft.au=Smith%2C+C+N%3BParrish%2C+R+S%3BCarsel%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides; leaching; groundwater; sampling methods; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the impact of conservation tillage practices on pesticide concentrations in ground and surface waters. AN - 14642129; 1510768 AB - To analyze the environmental fate and migration of pesticides applied to croplands as they are affected by conservation tillage practices, pesticide models for leaching, surface water and ground water were selected and an application method was developed. Fourteen different pesticides applied to corn and soybeans were analyzed to determine probable concentrations in ground water and surface water under conventional tillage, reduced tillage and no tillage practices; the Lake Erie Basin was the study site. Surface runoff loadings and concentrations decreased under the conservation tillage scenarios, but ground water loadings and concentrations increased as a result of the decreased runoff and increased ground water recharge. Reduced tillage decreased surface runoff loads and concentrations by about 50% as compared with conventional tillage, and no tillage resulted in another 20% reduction. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Donigian, AS Jr AU - Carsel, R F AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 241 EP - 250 VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - surface water KW - tillage KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - agriculture KW - groundwater KW - conservation KW - runoff KW - leaching KW - pesticides KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14642129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+impact+of+conservation+tillage+practices+on+pesticide+concentrations+in+ground+and+surface+waters.&rft.au=Donigian%2C+AS+Jr%3BCarsel%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Donigian&rft.aufirst=AS&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - conservation; groundwater; pesticides; water quality; runoff; leaching; agriculture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calibration and certification of audit devices for transmissometers. AN - 14642067; 1510500 AB - The ND test filter calibration program was developed by the EPA, EMSL, to ensure that the data collected from either in-stack or smoke school transmissometers for Method 9 purposes are in fact valid. The certified test filters are now used to many air pollution control agencies as an important test of proper operation of the opacity measurement systems. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Fuerst, R G AU - Logan, T J AU - Midgett, M R AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 606 EP - 608 VL - 37 IS - 5 KW - measuring systems KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air pollution control KW - stacks KW - smoke KW - filters KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14642067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Calibration+and+certification+of+audit+devices+for+transmissometers.&rft.au=Fuerst%2C+R+G%3BLogan%2C+T+J%3BMidgett%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Fuerst&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=606&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - filters; smoke; air pollution control; stacks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparative study of the effects of inhaled cadmium chloride and cadmium oxide: Pulmonary response. AN - 14641259; 1505712 AB - The effects of aerosols of cadmium chloride (CdCl sub(2)) and cadmium oxide (CdO) on pulmonary biochemical function were compared. Rats and rabbits were exposed to 0.25, 0.45, or 4.5 mg Cd/m super(3) for 2 h. Pulmonary toxicity was determined histologically and biochemically. Cadmium chloride and CdO showed a deposition response that was linearly related to the chamber concentration. Both compounds caused multifocal, interstitial pneumonitis 72 h after exposure, but the CdO lesion was more severe with proliferation of fibrocytic-like cells as well as pneumocytes. The response pattern in the rabbit resembled that of the rat. In both species Cd had a consistent inhibitory effect on pulmonary GSH peroxidase, even at the lowest concentration of 0.25 mg Cd/m super(3). Based on these findings, inhaled CdO appeared to be more toxic to the lung than inhaled CdCl sub(2). JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Grose, E C AU - Richards, J H AU - Jaskot, R H AU - Menache, M G AU - Graham, JA AU - Dauterman, W C AD - U.S. EPA Health Eff. Res. Lab., Toxicol. Branch MD-82, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 219 EP - 232 VL - 21 IS - 1-2 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - effects on KW - response KW - cadmium chloride KW - cadmium oxide KW - rats KW - rabbits KW - heavy metals KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - inhalation KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14641259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=A+comparative+study+of+the+effects+of+inhaled+cadmium+chloride+and+cadmium+oxide%3A+Pulmonary+response.&rft.au=Grose%2C+E+C%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BJaskot%2C+R+H%3BMenache%2C+M+G%3BGraham%2C+JA%3BDauterman%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Grose&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inhalation; lung ER - TY - CONF T1 - The mutagenicity of indoor air particles in a residential pilot field study: Application and evaluation of new methodologies. AN - 14641081; 1509372 AB - The mutagenicity of indoor air particulate matter has been measured in a pilot field study of homes in Columbus, Ohio during the 1984 winter. The study was conducted in eight all natural-gas homes and two all electric homes. Particulate matter and semi-volatile organic compounds were collected indoors using a medium volume sampler. A micro-forward mutation bioassay employing Salmonella typhimurium strain TM677 was used to quantify the mutagenicity in solvent extracts of microgram quantities of indoor air particles. The mutagenicity was quantified in terms of both mutation frequency per mg of organic matter extracted and per cubic meter of air sampled. The combustion source variables explored in this study included woodburning in fireplaces and cigarette smoking. Homes in which cigarette smoking occurred had the highest concentrations of mutagenicity per cubic meter of air. The average indoor air mutagenicity per cubic meter was highly correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked. When the separate sampling periods in each room were compared, the mutagenicity in the kitchen samples was the most highly correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Lewtas, J AU - Goto, S AU - Williams, K AU - Chuang, J C AU - Petersen, BA AU - Wilson, N K Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 443 EP - 449 VL - 21 IS - 2 KW - indoor sources KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - mutation KW - bioassays KW - smoke KW - air pollution KW - particulates KW - cigarettes KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14641081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=The+mutagenicity+of+indoor+air+particles+in+a+residential+pilot+field+study%3A+Application+and+evaluation+of+new+methodologies.&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+J%3BGoto%2C+S%3BWilliams%2C+K%3BChuang%2C+J+C%3BPetersen%2C+BA%3BWilson%2C+N+K&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incineration of hazardous waste. A critical review. AN - 14638944; 1510477 AB - The objective of this review is to examine the current state of knowledge regarding hazardous waste incineration in an effort to put these technological and environment issues into perspective. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Oppelt, E T AD - Hazardous Waste Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 558 EP - 586 VL - 37 IS - 5 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - waste management KW - technology KW - incineration KW - impoundments KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14638944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Incineration+of+hazardous+waste.+A+critical+review.&rft.au=Oppelt%2C+E+T&rft.aulast=Oppelt&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=558&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - incineration; hazardous materials; impoundments; technology; waste management ER - TY - CONF T1 - Methods and results of characterization of organic emissions from an indoor material. AN - 14638709; 1512661 AB - The method and example results for the determination of organic air emissions from a common indoor material are presented. A well instrumented and characterized 0.166-m super(3) stainless steel test chamber is used to ventilate sample materials at controlled air change rates, temperature and relative humidity. The test chamber outlet air stream is sampled using Tenax) sample cartridges are then thermally desorbed for further concentration onto a Nutech) model 8528 purge and trap system and desorption to a packed column gas chromatograph for analysis. Organic emissions are quantified on a species specific basis. Test chamber concentrations of total organics for a water-based adhesive are observed to diminish with time. Calulated emission rates for the floor adhesive were determined to be 95 mu g g super(-1) h super(-1) after ventilation at 1.77 air changes per hour for 10 h and 259 mu g g super(-1) h super(-1) after 24-h ventilation at 3.6 air changes per hour. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Sanchez, D C AU - Mason, M AU - Norris, C Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 337 EP - 345 VL - 21 IS - 2 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ventilation KW - gas chromatography KW - volatile organic compounds KW - emission control KW - temperature KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14638709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Methods+and+results+of+characterization+of+organic+emissions+from+an+indoor+material.&rft.au=Sanchez%2C+D+C%3BMason%2C+M%3BNorris%2C+C&rft.aulast=Sanchez&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of technology for wastes and soils contaminated with dioxins, furans, and related substances. AN - 14636380; 1500186 AB - The objectives of the U.S. EPA Dioxin-Engineering program are: (a) to conduct basic/applied research on the behavior of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in contaminated soils, applying this knowledge to methods useful for the in-situ stabilization of such soils and investigating the viability of special organisms or chemicals reagents for the destruction of this artifact and related toxic chemicals; and (b) to develop and evaluate, both in the laboratory and in the field, technologies for the detoxification, destruction, or control of PCDD-contaminated liquids and soils. Resource levels for the program amount to $3.3 million for 1984-1986 with an additional $7.2 million from the Superfund to accelerate this program and provide quality assurance/control support to the data gathering and certification efforts. JF - J. HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - des Rosiers, PE AD - EPA, 401 M St., S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 119 EP - 133 VL - 14 IS - 1 KW - soils KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - superfund KW - TCDD KW - waste management KW - economics KW - contamination KW - PCDD KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14636380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+technology+for+wastes+and+soils+contaminated+with+dioxins%2C+furans%2C+and+related+substances.&rft.au=des+Rosiers%2C+PE&rft.aulast=des+Rosiers&rft.aufirst=PE&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - TCDD; PCDD; superfund; economics; waste management; contamination ER - TY - CONF T1 - Screening methods for the identification of organic emissions from indoor air pollution sources. AN - 14635917; 1512692 AB - Development of on-line gas chromatographic screening procedures is necessary to permit subsequent evaluation of materials in test chamber studies. This screening uses techniques such as static vapor-phase sampling by "headspace" methods, and a dynamic method similar to the "purge-and-trap" procedures used for determination of volatile organic compounds in water samples. These are methods of sampling that simulate the chamber conditions on a small scale, while allowing emissions to be collected and analyzed. The evaluation is done to select gas chromatographic columns and develop operating conditions that will permit the rapid and reliable separation of chemical compounds generated during testing. The chromatographic procedure is used in the qualitative identification of chemical compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. After identification of the compounds or, alternatively, their chemical classes, representative members are selected as calibration standards for the actual emission testing program. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Merrill, R G AU - Steiber, R S AU - Martz, R F AU - Nelms, L H Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 331 EP - 336 VL - 21 IS - 2 KW - pollutant detection KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - gas chromatography KW - volatile organic compounds KW - mass spectroscopy KW - emission control KW - air pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14635917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Screening+methods+for+the+identification+of+organic+emissions+from+indoor+air+pollution+sources.&rft.au=Merrill%2C+R+G%3BSteiber%2C+R+S%3BMartz%2C+R+F%3BNelms%2C+L+H&rft.aulast=Merrill&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microwave system for location faults in hazardous material dikes. AN - 14633398; 1497647 AB - Failure or rupture of impoundments containing hazardous materials is one of the causes of release of hazardous materials to the environment. Another area of concern is the integrity of hazardous material pond liners and of liners of diking-grouting systems for secured waste sites. This project identified and assessed two nondestructive test methods for investigating the subsurface of impoundments containing hazardous materials: 1) the continuous wave microwave system and 2) the pulsed radio frequency systems (also termed ground-penetrating radar or GPR). The primary focus of the project was to conduct a technological assessment of these two systems for identifying dike failure characteristics (seepage, formation of soil stratigraphic discontinuity, voids, grouting breakthrough). During the project, these two systems were also evaluated for their potential to detect related subsurface objects such as waste drums. This exploratory study developed or modified current systems, surveyed the literature, verified laboratory and field experiments, and defined the apolicability of each technique for determining subsurface phenomena. JF - J. HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Koerner, R M AU - Lord, AE Jr AD - EPA, Hazardous Waste Eng. Res. Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 387 EP - 390 VL - 14 IS - 3 KW - faults KW - microwaves KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - disposal sites KW - remote sensing KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14633398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=Microwave+system+for+location+faults+in+hazardous+material+dikes.&rft.au=Koerner%2C+R+M%3BLord%2C+AE+Jr&rft.aulast=Koerner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous materials; disposal sites; remote sensing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatile organic sampling train. AN - 14627054; 1499766 AB - The measurement of volatile organic emissions from a hazardous waste incinerator is one of the more difficult source testing problems. Specific compounds called principal organic hazardous constituents (POHC) are to be identified and quantified at levels of 0.5 to 100 ppb in hot, wet incinerator exhaust gas, which may also contain high particulate and acid levels. The Volatile Organic Sampling Train (VOST) Protocol which describes the practices used by laboratories making these measurements allows for several alternative designs and operating procedures. Because its use is currently being recommended by regulatory agencies to measure emissions for compliance determinations, the VOST Protocol was subjected to a methods validation. The VOST Protocol validation program consists of two phases: a laboratory validation and a field test validation study. The laboratory validation examined the results of sampling six different POHCs at two different concentration levels, two tube configuration designs, two moisture levels and other procedural variations. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Fuerst, R G AU - Logan, T J AU - Midgett, M R AU - Prohaska, J AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 388 EP - 394 VL - 37 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - incinerators KW - volatile organic compounds KW - exhaust emissions KW - laboratory testing KW - sampling methods KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14627054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Volatile+organic+sampling+train.&rft.au=Fuerst%2C+R+G%3BLogan%2C+T+J%3BMidgett%2C+M+R%3BProhaska%2C+J&rft.aulast=Fuerst&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=388&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - volatile organic compounds; incinerators; sampling methods; laboratory testing; exhaust emissions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adequacy of a single monitoring site for defining mean outdoor concentrations for fine particles in a demarcated residential community. AN - 14626226; 1499666 AB - Fine and coarse inhalable particle data for 60 days from five demarcated communities in U.S. cities, each with three monitoring sites, were examined to test whether the mean particle mass concentrations measured at the three sites are equivalent within each community. The result of this kind of analysis should be useful in determining how many sites in a community are adequate to provide a reliable measure of the outdoor component of an exposure estimate in that community. Only fine particles were found to have equivalent mean concentrations, suggesting that only one monitoring site in each community is required to provide an adequate exposure estimate of the outdoor component. However, variable concentrations of total inhalable and/or coarse particles were found, which implies a requirement for multiple monitoring sites. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Kotchmar, D J AU - McMullen, T AU - Hasselblad, V AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 377 EP - 381 VL - 37 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - particle size KW - monitoring methods KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14626226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Adequacy+of+a+single+monitoring+site+for+defining+mean+outdoor+concentrations+for+fine+particles+in+a+demarcated+residential+community.&rft.au=Kotchmar%2C+D+J%3BMcMullen%2C+T%3BHasselblad%2C+V&rft.aulast=Kotchmar&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - particle size; monitoring methods; air quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of solidification/stabilization technology. AN - 14603348; 1476452 AB - In hazardous waste management, solidification/stabilization (S/S) is a term normally used to designate a technology employing additives to alter hazardous waste to make it non-hazardous or acceptable for current land disposal requirements. The use of this technology to treat hazardous waste may become more important as regulations restrict the use of land for disposing of hazardous waste. This paper reviews the technology and provides information to help assess its potential role in managing hazardous waste. Information is provided to assist the proper selection, use and evaluation of S/S technologies. Regulatory factors affecting its use are also discussed. JF - J. HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Wiles, C C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 5 EP - 21 VL - 14 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - waste management KW - technology KW - land application KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14603348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=A+review+of+solidification%2Fstabilization+technology.&rft.au=Wiles%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Wiles&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous materials; waste management; technology; land application ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Importance of sample pH on recovery of mutagenicity from drinking water by XAD resins. AN - 14601854; 1475482 AB - Sample pH and the presence of a chlorine residual were evaluated for their effects on th recovery of mutagenicity in drinking water following concentration by XAD resins. The levels of mutagenicity in the pH 2 concentrates were 7-8-fold higher than those of the pH 8 concentrates, suggesting the acidic compounds accounted for the majority of the mutagenicity. The presence of a chlorine residual had little effect on the levels of mutagenicity at either pH. Comparisons of the mutagenic activity for the pH 2 resin concentrates vs. pH 8 concentrates prepared by lyophilization further indicated that the acidic mutagens were products of disinfection with chlorine and not artifacts of the sample acidification step in the concentration procedure. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Ringhand, H P AU - Meier, J R AU - Kopfler, F C AU - Schenck, K M AU - Kaylor, W H AU - Mitchell, DE AD - Toxicol. and Microbiol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 382 EP - 387 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - potable water KW - pollutant detection KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - mutagens KW - resins KW - pH KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14601854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Importance+of+sample+pH+on+recovery+of+mutagenicity+from+drinking+water+by+XAD+resins.&rft.au=Ringhand%2C+H+P%3BMeier%2C+J+R%3BKopfler%2C+F+C%3BSchenck%2C+K+M%3BKaylor%2C+W+H%3BMitchell%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Ringhand&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pH; mutagens; resins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor air sampling and mutagenicity studies of emissions from unvented coal combustion. AN - 14599313; 1475849 AB - To develop sampling strategies and bioassay protocols for indoor air containing emissions from coal combustion in homes of the rural Xuan Wei County in China, the authors developed a medium-volume sampler to collect the < 10- mu m particles and semivolatile organics by a filter and an XAD-2 resin, respectively. A high-volume particulate sampler was used for comparison. The coal was burned under conditions that simulated the open-pit combustion that occurs in Xuan Wei. High-volume and medium-volume sampling yielded similar, high particulate concentrations of 38-39 mg/m super(3). Fifteen percent of the total extractable organic mass was collected in the XAD-2 resin, and the remaining 85% was retained in the filter. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in the XAD were composed of four or fewer rings. In the Ames Salmonella assay, the XAD sample showed low mutagenic activity, and most of the mutagenic activity was found in the filter. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Mumford, J L AU - Harris AU - Williams, K AU - Chuang, J C AU - Cooke, M AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 308 EP - 311 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - People's Republic of China KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - mutagens KW - coal conversion KW - Ames test KW - air sampling KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14599313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Indoor+air+sampling+and+mutagenicity+studies+of+emissions+from+unvented+coal+combustion.&rft.au=Mumford%2C+J+L%3BHarris%3BWilliams%2C+K%3BChuang%2C+J+C%3BCooke%2C+M&rft.aulast=Mumford&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air sampling; mutagens; coal conversion; Ames test ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mixture analytes. AN - 14599005; 1475751 AB - This article's purpose is to stimulate discussion of the problems with determining DLs for mixtures, but no facile solutions are presented. A DL is the lowest quantity of an analyte that an analytical process can reliably detect. Distinctions between instrument detection limits (IDLs), limits of detection (LODs), limits of quantitation (LOQs), and MDLs have been discussed elsewhere. Neither these distinctions nor the particular mathematical manipulations required to obtain a reported number, however, are of concern in this article. Instead, the issue is the particular detector signal that is used to calculate a number reported as a DL for mixture analytes. Current practices vary so much that DLs reported for mixtures are not comparable. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Alford-Stevens, AL AD - EPA, Environ. Monit. Support Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 137 EP - 139 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - pollutant detection KW - chemical pollutants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - gas chromatography KW - toxicology KW - mass spectroscopy KW - laboratory testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14599005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Mixture+analytes.&rft.au=Alford-Stevens%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Alford-Stevens&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - laboratory testing; gas chromatography; toxicology; mass spectroscopy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial variation of the evolution and structure of the urban boundary layer. AN - 14597950; 1475296 AB - The spatial variation of the nocturnal urban boundary-layer structure is described and the time variation of the mixing height, and the nocturnal inversion top and strength after sunrise is presented for urban sites located upwind, downwind, and near the center of the heat island, and an upwind rural site. Observations were derived from high resolution temperature profiles obtained by a helicopter during 35 intensive morning experiments in St. Louis, Missouri. The nocturnal urban boundary layer increased in depth from the upwind edge of the urban area. Far downwind, in suburban and rural areas, a remnant of the urban boundary layer existed between a stable surface-based layer and an upper inversion that resembled the upwind rural inversion. JF - BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROL. AU - Godowitch, J M AU - Ching, JKS AU - Clarke, J F AD - Meteorol. and Assess. Div., Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 249 EP - 272 VL - 38 IS - 3 KW - pollutant dispersion KW - Missouri, St. Louis KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - inversion KW - atmosphere KW - meteorology KW - boundary layers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14597950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BOUNDARY-LAYER+METEOROL.&rft.atitle=Spatial+variation+of+the+evolution+and+structure+of+the+urban+boundary+layer.&rft.au=Godowitch%2C+J+M%3BChing%2C+JKS%3BClarke%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Godowitch&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BOUNDARY-LAYER+METEOROL.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary layers; atmosphere; inversion; meteorology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Equilibration of polychlorinated biphenyls and toxaphene with air and water. AN - 14595675; 1475344 AB - The vapor pressure and solubility (as subcooled liquids) and Henry's law constants (HLCs) for the individual chlorobiphenyl compounds (CBC) in Aroclor 1242, 1254, and 1260, as well as the HLCs for toxaphene, have been determined with an equilibration technique. The results were obtained from one set of measurements, for all of the CBC present in the materials of interest, the subcooled organic mixtures that are partitioning in the environment. The HLCs of the CBC varied from about 3.3 x 10 super(-4) to 5 x 10 super(-5) atm multiplied by m super(3)/mol. These HLCs are such that the transport rate of these compounds through the air/water interface should be dependent on both the gas- and liquid-phase mass-transfer coefficients. The solubility of the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in water is shown to be significantly lower when a solution is prepared by adding an organic solution (acetone, methanol, etc.) of the PCBs to water. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Murphy, T J AU - Mullin, MD AU - Meyer, JA AD - U.S. EPA Large Lakes Res. Stn., Grosse Ile, MI 48138, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 155 EP - 162 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - monitoring measurements KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - water quality KW - chemical reactions KW - PCB compounds KW - toxaphene KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14595675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Equilibration+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls+and+toxaphene+with+air+and+water.&rft.au=Murphy%2C+T+J%3BMullin%2C+MD%3BMeyer%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PCB compounds; toxaphene; water quality; air quality; chemical reactions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of the long-term performance of gas continuous emission monitoring systems. AN - 14569801; 1445371 AB - A field test program was conducted to evaluate the long-term performance of several gas continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS). This paper presents the results gathered on the long-term accuracy and calibration drift characteristics of ten CEMS installed at scrubber-controlled, coal-fired power plants. The program involved periodic accuracy audits and a review of available calibration drift data for selected CEMS. Accuracy audit results show that both SO sub(2) and NO sub(x) CEMS are capable of providing accurate data on a long-term basis. However, frequent audits are necessary in order to verify the performance of an individual CEMS. The results of the calibration drift data evaluation show that despite infrequent occurrences of excessive drift, CEMS operated with a significant bias for extended time periods simply because corrective action was not taken in a timely manner. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Rollins, R AU - Logan, T J AU - Midgett, M R AU - Jernigan, J R AU - Peeler, J W AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 27 EP - 33 VL - 37 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - sulfur dioxide KW - power plants KW - emission control KW - gases KW - control systems KW - scrubbers KW - coal KW - monitoring systems KW - nitrogen oxides KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14569801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+the+long-term+performance+of+gas+continuous+emission+monitoring+systems.&rft.au=Rollins%2C+R%3BLogan%2C+T+J%3BMidgett%2C+M+R%3BJernigan%2C+J+R%3BPeeler%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Rollins&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - monitoring systems; gases; sulfur dioxide; nitrogen oxides; scrubbers; control systems; coal; power plants; emission control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the occurrence of transient puffs in a rotary kiln incinerator simulator. I. Prototype solid plastic wastes. AN - 14567822; 1445461 AB - In the operation of practical rotary kiln incinerators, the hazardous waste charge is often introduced in drums or containers in a batch mode. The ensuing transient condition, caused by the rapid devolatilization of waste materials, can momentarily deplete or displace local levels of excess oxygen in the kiln, resulting in heavy transient loadings of unburned gaseous and particulate hydrocarbons (here denoted as "puffs") leaving the kiln. This system upset must then be handled by an afterburner and subsequent air pollution control devices downstream. Such an overcharging or transient condition may even result in unacceptably low destruction of principal organic hazardous constituents (POHC) and the formation of products of incomplete combustion (PIC). JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Linak, W P AU - Kilgore, J D AU - McSorley, JA AU - Wendt, JOL AU - Dunn, JE AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 54 EP - 65 VL - 37 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution control equipment KW - physicochemical properties KW - particulates KW - hazardous materials KW - waste management KW - incinerators KW - hydrocarbons KW - air pollution control KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14567822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=On+the+occurrence+of+transient+puffs+in+a+rotary+kiln+incinerator+simulator.+I.+Prototype+solid+plastic+wastes.&rft.au=Linak%2C+W+P%3BKilgore%2C+J+D%3BMcSorley%2C+JA%3BWendt%2C+JOL%3BDunn%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Linak&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - incinerators; particulates; hydrocarbons; physicochemical properties; air pollution control; pollution control equipment; hazardous materials; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the hydrophobic-grid membrane filter procedure and standard methods for coliform analysis of water AN - 13807460; 198703751 AB - Eight samples of unchlorinated wastewater effluents were analysed by the hydrophobic-grid membrane filter (HGMF), standard membrane filter (MF) and tube fermentation most-probable-number (MPN) methods for faecal coliforms and eight samples of polluted water and dosed drinking waters were analysed by the same methods for coliforms. Drinking waters were dosed with coliforms and heterotrophic bacteria and treated with chlorine to reduce numbers and to simulate stress caused by chlorination. Results were assessed statistically and showed that recovery of faecal coliforms was higher by filtration methods for unchlorinated domestic wastewaters but not for other waters. Recoveries of faecal and total coliforms did not differ significantly when using HGMF or MF methods. Total coliform results obtained with HGMF with bacterial populations on over 100 grid cells were significantly more precise than estimates using the MF method for polluted waters only. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - McDaniels, A E AU - Bordner, R H AU - Menkedick, J R AU - Weber, C I AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 1003 EP - 1009 VL - 53 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Analysis KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13807460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+hydrophobic-grid+membrane+filter+procedure+and+standard+methods+for+coliform+analysis+of+water&rft.au=McDaniels%2C+A+E%3BBordner%2C+R+H%3BMenkedick%2C+J+R%3BWeber%2C+C+I&rft.aulast=McDaniels&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1003&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of estuarine macrofauna colonizing sediments contaminated with fenvalerate AN - 13806908; 198702671 AB - Experiments to determine the effects of estuarine benthic organisms of exposure to sediments contaminated with the insectide fenvalerate, a synthetic pyrethrin, are presented. Experimental procedure is described, and tabulated data are given on species and abundance of animals collected from control and contaminated sediments after an 8 week period. The total number of species, but not the total number of individuals, was significantly reduced by 10 ug fenvalerate per g of sediment. Application of various biological indices to the data indicated that communities exposed to this concentration of the chemical were most different structurally from those in the control. Although the bioavailability of sediment bound fenvalerate probably varied with particle size and amount of organic matter, the effective concentration for exposure by this route was 5 orders of magnitude greater than for water-borne exposure. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Tagatz, ME AU - Stanley, R S AU - Plaia, G R AU - Deans, CH AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 21 EP - 25 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13806908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Responses+of+estuarine+macrofauna+colonizing+sediments+contaminated+with+fenvalerate&rft.au=Tagatz%2C+ME%3BStanley%2C+R+S%3BPlaia%2C+G+R%3BDeans%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Tagatz&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of respiratory-cardiovascular responses of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in identifying acute toxicity syndromes in fish: part 1. Pentachlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, tricaine methanesulphonate and 1-octanol AN - 13806693; 198703708 AB - Respiratory-cardiovascular responses were monitored in spinally transected rainbow trout exposed to acutely toxic concentrations of the test compounds. Test concentrations of pentachlorophenol (PCP), 2,3-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP), tricaine methanesulphonate (MS-222) and 1-octanol were 0.09, 4.64, 50.20 and 15.84 mg per litre respectively. Corresponding mean survival times were 31.6, 15.2, 4.7 and 5.6 h. Trout exposed to uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation (PCP, 2,4-DNP) exhibited a rapid 150-200 per cent increase in ventilation volume (Vg) and oxygen consumption (VO2). Total arterial oxygen was increased during the 1st half of the survival periods, then declined. Haematocrit and haemoglobin increased, and total arterial carbon dioxide and arterial pH decreased, in DNP exposed fish. In trout exposed to narcotics (MS-222, 1-octanol), Vg and VO2 decreased by 40-50 per cent, and oxygen utilization increased by 20-30 per cent. Ventilation rate initially declined then increased, but remained within the control range. Total arterial oxygen and arterial pH decreased as respiration declined. Haematocrit increased markedly in response to hypoxia, and heart rate decreased by 40-50 per cent (reflex bradycardia). In the final phases, all 4 compounds produced acute tissue hypoxia, generalized loss of respiratory-cardiovascular co-ordination, and respiratory paralysis. These results were subjected to principal components analysis, and used to characterize fish acute toxicity syndromes (FATS) for respiratory uncouplers and narcotics. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - McKim, J M AU - Schmieder, P K AU - Carlson, R W AU - Hunt, E P AU - Niemi, G J AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 295 EP - 312 VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Reduction KW - Tricaine methanesulphonate KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13806693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+respiratory-cardiovascular+responses+of+rainbow+trout+%28Salmo+gairdneri%29+in+identifying+acute+toxicity+syndromes+in+fish%3A+part+1.+Pentachlorophenol%2C+2%2C4-dichlorophenol%2C+tricaine+methanesulphonate+and+1-octanol&rft.au=McKim%2C+J+M%3BSchmieder%2C+P+K%3BCarlson%2C+R+W%3BHunt%2C+E+P%3BNiemi%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=McKim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of respiratory-cardiovascular responses of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in identifying acute toxicity syndromes in fish: part 2. malathion, carbaryl, acrolein and benzaldehyde AN - 13806686; 198703709 AB - Respiratory-cardiovascular responses were monitored in spinally transected rainbow trout exposed to acutely toxic concentrations of malathion, carbaryl, benzaldehyde or acrolein (0.30, 5.17, 37.90, 0.08 mg per litre respectively). Mean survival times ranged from 13.6 h (carbaryl) to 40.1 h (malathion). Trout exposed to the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (malathion, carbaryl) exhibited immediate decreases in oxygen utilization and heart rate. Ventilation volume also increased, but not enough to increase oxygen consumption. Haematocrit and haemoglobin increased, and total arterial carbon dioxide and arterial pH decreased, in carbaryl exposed fish. In trout exposed to mucous membrane irritants (acrolein, benzaldehyde), an initial rapid increase in cough rate was accompanied by moderate-low increases in ventilation volume (Vg) and oxygen consumption (VO2), followed by a rapid decline in Vg and VO2 from midway through the survival period. Ventilation rate, oxygen utilization and heart rate declined throughout survival time. Arterial pH, total arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide decreased in the latter half of the survival period, while haemoglobin steadily increased. These results were analysed by principal components analysis, and used to characterize fish acute toxicity syndromes (FATS) for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and respiratory irritants. Discriminant function analysis was used to develop a system for classifying chemicals into FATS on the basis of sets of toxic responses (see preceding abstract). JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - McKim, J M AU - Schmieder, P K AU - Niemi, G J AU - Carlson, R W AU - Henry, T R AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 313 EP - 328 VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13806686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+respiratory-cardiovascular+responses+of+rainbow+trout+%28Salmo+gairdneri%29+in+identifying+acute+toxicity+syndromes+in+fish%3A+part+2.+malathion%2C+carbaryl%2C+acrolein+and+benzaldehyde&rft.au=McKim%2C+J+M%3BSchmieder%2C+P+K%3BNiemi%2C+G+J%3BCarlson%2C+R+W%3BHenry%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=McKim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water and sediment sampler for plot and field studies AN - 13805973; 198703038 AB - Because of the need to carry out soil loss studies and nonpoint source pollution studies, accurate samplers were required for measuring water and sediment runoff from small plots. The design and effectiveness of existing samplers is discussed and details are given of modifications made to the sampler designed by Manges and Nixon to give an accurate, inexpensive and easily installed sampler capable of operating under diverse conditions with no power supply. This flush-type sampler was weld-constructed and required excavation and water conveyance for installation. In laboratory tests, the sampler collected 2.65 per cent of all water passing through it at average flow rates between 18 and 196 litre per minute with sampling percentage being independent of flow rate. Ratios of waste to sample sediment concentrations were approximately one for total sediment (1.001), compared with 1.097 for sand, 1.008 for silt and 1.020 for clay fractions. Sand and clay ratios were independent of total sediment concentration, but silt and total sediment ratios increased slightly with increasing total concentration. Monte Carlo calculations show likely errors for field and plot runoff studies. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Dressing, SA AU - Spooner, J AU - Kreglow, J M AU - Beasley, E O AU - Westerman, P W AD - Water Office, U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 59 EP - 64 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13805973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Water+and+sediment+sampler+for+plot+and+field+studies&rft.au=Dressing%2C+SA%3BSpooner%2C+J%3BKreglow%2C+J+M%3BBeasley%2C+E+O%3BWesterman%2C+P+W&rft.aulast=Dressing&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adaptation of aquatic microbial communities to Hg(II) stress AN - 13804423; S198823434 AB - The adaptive response of 4 natural aquatic microbial communities to mercury stress was investigated by following the biotransformation of mercury to a volatile form and by studying its effect on the structure and function of the community. Adaptation of all 4 communities was stimulated by preliminary exposure to divalent mercury. In saline-water communities, adaptation was associated with rapid volatilization after an initial lag period. In a freshwater community mercury was volatilized only slowly, regardless of the resistance level of the community. There was no apparent relation between adaption to mercury and the distribution of the genes that served as a model system in microbial studies of bacterial response to mercury compounds. A bibliography of 41 references is appended. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Barkay, T AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 2725 EP - 2732 VL - 53 IS - 12 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13804423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Adaptation+of+aquatic+microbial+communities+to+Hg%28II%29+stress&rft.au=Barkay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Barkay&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2725&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal destruction of hazardous wastes - a state-of-the-art review AN - 13803572; 198702218 AB - Methods for the thermal destruction of hazardous wastes are reviewed in relation to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations made under the Resources Conservation and Recovery Act. The methods discussed are incinerators, pyrolysis systems, boilers, and industrial processes. In the last two cases, hazardous-wastes are added as a supplementary fuel. Currently used technologies which are reviewed are: liquid injection incinerators, rotary kiln incinerators, industrial boilers, cement kilns, and ocean-going incinerator ships. Six innovative thermal processes are also discussed, namely, high temperature electric reactors, molten salt, plasma arc, wet-air oxidation, molten glass incineration, and supercritical water. Fluidized-bed incineration is also mentioned. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Freeman, H M AU - Olexsey, R A AU - Oberacker, DA AU - Mournighan, R E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 103 EP - 117 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Arc KW - State of the art KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13803572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Thermal+destruction+of+hazardous+wastes+-+a+state-of-the-art+review&rft.au=Freeman%2C+H+M%3BOlexsey%2C+R+A%3BOberacker%2C+DA%3BMournighan%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling TOC removal by GAC: the general logistic function AN - 13803105; 198701984 AB - A simplistic symmetrical logistic function model is described which predicted performance of granular activated carbon adsorption for single and bisolute systems. Field-scale data were analysed and a treatment plant at Jefferson Parish was described by the model. Pilot-scale trials were carried out and full-scale GAC columns were simulated. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Clark, R M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 33 EP - 37 VL - 79 IS - 1 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - Columns KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13803105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Modelling+TOC+removal+by+GAC%3A+the+general+logistic+function&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of laboratory toxicity test results with responses of estuarine animals exposed to fenthion in the field AN - 13802481; 198702783 AB - Mysids (Mysidopsis bahia), grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio), pink shrimp (Penaeus duorarum) and sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) were exposed to fenthion in the laboratory, and under field conditions. In the field studies, the insecticide was applied using a truck-mounted ultra-low-volume spray (11 g fenthion per ha) or hand-held spray (112.5 g fenthion per ha), as an aerial thermal fog (32.5 fenthion per ha), or by direct addition to the water (336 g per ha). Study sites included a shallow embayment, an estuarine shore line, a tidal pond, and a residential canal system. Results indicated that laboratory derived LC50's provided a reasonable basis for predicting acute mortality in field situations where fenthion persisted in the water for over 24 h, but overestimated toxicity in habitats where fenthion concentrations decreased rapidly because of dilution and flushing. Laboratory pulse-exposure tests with rapidly changing concentrations for 12 h were predictive of the nonlethal and lethal effects observed during these short term (less than 24 h) field exposures. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Clark, J R AU - Borthwick, P W AU - Goodman, L R AU - Patrick, J M AU - Lores, E M AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 151 EP - 160 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13802481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+laboratory+toxicity+test+results+with+responses+of+estuarine+animals+exposed+to+fenthion+in+the+field&rft.au=Clark%2C+J+R%3BBorthwick%2C+P+W%3BGoodman%2C+L+R%3BPatrick%2C+J+M%3BLores%2C+E+M%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isomer dependent bioavailability of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from municipal incinerator fly ash to carp AN - 13802120; 198701947 AB - Details are given of experiments on the bioavailability to freshwater fish (carp), in a flow-through system, of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) found in fly ash from a municipal incinerator. There was evidence of preferential accumulation of isomers substituted in the 2,3,7, and 8 positions. The Bioavailability Index (the ratio of contaminant concentration in fish to that in the ash) decreased with increasing degree of chlorination. JF - Chemosphere AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Cook, P M AU - Batterman, A R AU - Butterworth, B C AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 657 EP - 666 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13802120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Isomer+dependent+bioavailability+of+polychlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxins+and+dibenzofurans+from+municipal+incinerator+fly+ash+to+carp&rft.au=Kuehl%2C+D+W%3BCook%2C+P+M%3BBatterman%2C+A+R%3BButterworth%2C+B+C&rft.aulast=Kuehl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=657&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioavailability of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from contaminated Wisconsin river sediment to carp AN - 13801161; 198701948 AB - Details are given of laboratory experiments on the bioavailability to carp (Cyprinus carpio) of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) in sediment from the Wisconsin river. Fish exposed to sediment containing 39 pg TCDD per g for 55 days accumulated 7.5 pg per g. When the fish were then transferred to clean water for 205 days, their TCDD content was reduced by 32-34 per cent. In field experiments, fish weighing 1.5 kg were exposed to sediments containing 30-200 pg per g; the fish accumulated 70 pg per g, and 55 per cent of this was removed after 325 days in clean water. Analysis of the sediment and fish for other polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans showed selective enrichment with 2,3,7, and 8-substituted isomers. JF - Chemosphere AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Cook, P M AU - Batterman, A R AU - Lothenbach, D AU - Butterworth, B C AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 667 EP - 679 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13801161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Bioavailability+of+polychlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxins+and+dibenzofurans+from+contaminated+Wisconsin+river+sediment+to+carp&rft.au=Kuehl%2C+D+W%3BCook%2C+P+M%3BBatterman%2C+A+R%3BLothenbach%2C+D%3BButterworth%2C+B+C&rft.aulast=Kuehl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the cost and performance of field-scale granular activated carbon systems AN - 13800703; 198704196 AB - The U.S. EPA has carried out studies on the performance of granular activated carbon (GAC) in systems close to the size used in full-scale water treatment. These studies were carried out at 8 water works, and the results from 2 works (at Cincinnati, Ohio, and Jefferson Parish, La.,) are discussed. The data were analysed using a mathematical model developed for characterizing the total organic carbon breakthrough curves from GAC. The results were used to predict the cost of full-scale GAC systems. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Clark, R M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 573 EP - 580 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Analysis KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13800703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+cost+and+performance+of+field-scale+granular+activated+carbon+systems&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of sediment-incorporated drilling fluids AN - 13799447; S198823150 AB - The objectives of this study were: to incorporate drilling fluids (muds) into sand sediments; to determine their toxicity in sediments to the burrowing chordate, Branchiostoma caribaeum; to compare toxicity values to those obtained from toxicity tests exposing benthic communities or mysids (Mysidopsis bahia) to drilling fluids in the sediment or water column. Barite and 4 drilling fluids were used. LC50's and EC50's were determined after 24, 96 and 168 h. Barite was not acutely toxic and all B. caribaeum survived 168 h exposure. For the most toxic drilling fluid LC50's of 24, 96 and 168 h were recorded at 8, 26 and 63 per cent concentrations, respectively. Drilling fluids were more toxic to mysids than to B. caribaeum exposed to contaminated sediments. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Clark, J R AU - Patrick, J M AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 600 EP - 603 VL - 18 IS - 11 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Chordate KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13799447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+sediment-incorporated+drilling+fluids&rft.au=Clark%2C+J+R%3BPatrick%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=600&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of chlorinated benzenes to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) AN - 13798953; 198703338 AB - The toxicity of 1,3-dichlorobenzene (1,3-DCB), 1,4-DCB, 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene, pentachlorobenzene (pentaCB) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) to fathead minnows was determined in the acute (96-h LC50) and chronic (32-33 day tests initiated with 4-12 h old embryos) studies. The 96-h LC50's for 1,3-DCB and TCB were 7800, 4200 and 1100 ug per litre, respectively. Highest NOEC values for 1,3-DCB, 1,4-DCB and TCB in the chronic experiments were 1000, 570 and 250 ug per litre, respectively. Corresponding lowest observed effect levels (LOEC's) were 2300, 1000 and 410 ug per litre. PentaCB and HCB were non-toxic at the highest maintainable test concentrations (55 and 4.8 ug per litre respectively). Mean tissue residue concentrations associated with NOEC and LOEC values, respectively, were 120 and 160 ug 1,3-DCB per g, 70 and 103 ug 1,4-DCB per g, and 640 and 1100 ug TCB per g. Tissue residue concentrations in fish chronically exposed to maximal test concentrations of pentaCB and HCB were 380 and 97 ug per g respectively. Mean bioconcentration factors were 97, 110, 410, 2400, 8400 and 22000 for 1,3-DCB, 1,4-DCB, TCB, pentaCB and HCB respectively. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Carlson, A R AU - Kosian, P A AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 129 EP - 135 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Dichlorobenzene KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13798953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+chlorinated+benzenes+to+fathead+minnows+%28Pimephales+promelas%29&rft.au=Carlson%2C+A+R%3BKosian%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Status report - phase out of ocean dumping of sewage sludge in the New York Bight Apex AN - 13798464; 198704608 AB - Municipal sludge dumping at the 12-mile site within the New York Bight Apex was scheduled to end by 15 December 1987. Negotiations between the U.S. EPA and the nine municipalities during 1985 resulted in a schedule for phasing-in a 106-mile deepwater municipal sludge disposal site (DMSDS) first used in March 1986. The DMSDS allowed for sludge disposal beyond the edge of the continental shelf for the first time in the U.S.A. Details of the litigation history, negotiations and new site are discussed in the context of dumping volumes, fleet capacities and the time scale involved. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Santoro, ED AD - U.S. EPA, New York Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 278 EP - 280 VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13798464?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Status+report+-+phase+out+of+ocean+dumping+of+sewage+sludge+in+the+New+York+Bight+Apex&rft.au=Santoro%2C+ED&rft.aulast=Santoro&rft.aufirst=ED&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=278&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological testing to control toxic water pollutants AN - 13797102; S198826508 AB - The approach adopted by the U.S. EPA towards biological toxicity tests for assessing the toxicity of industrial effluents is outlined, and examples given of the use of such tests to study specific instances of river pollution and to establish discharge limits for effluents. Based on recent experience, identification of the causative agent of toxicity was considered preferable to the treatability approach, and a case history is given of a study to identify the cause of the toxicity of an industrial effluent. Toxicity testing combined with chemical analysis could improve the assessment and control of toxic pollutants in water. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Wall, T M AU - Hanmer, R W AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 7 EP - 12 VL - 59 IS - 1 KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13797102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Biological+testing+to+control+toxic+water+pollutants&rft.au=Wall%2C+T+M%3BHanmer%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Wall&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: General. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removing arsenic from drinking water AN - 13795574; 198800653 AB - The use of granular activated alumina, with pH adjustment to 5.5 and without pH adjustment, and of a strong base anion exchange resin, were evaluated for the removal of arsenic from drinking water at Fallon, Nev. Media was contained in a pilot plant and subjected to three complete cycles of treatment and regeneration. Arsenic removal test results are tabulated and indicated that the use of activated alumina at pH 5.5 was the most effective treatment. Arsenic levels were reduced from 0.08-0.116 mg per litre to less than 0.05 mg per litre although the concentration of arsenic in the filtrate depended on the number of bed volumes that had passed. Results are presented graphically. Some fluoride was also removed. Removal of arsenic was affected by the pH of the feedwater, arsenic concentration, alkalinity, flow rate, down time and clogging of the filter. Capital and operating costs were estimated. Handling of the waste regenerant containing up to 41 mg arsenic per litre at pH 12 is discussed. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Hathaway, S W AU - Rubel, F AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 61 EP - 65 VL - 79 IS - 8 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Filters (see also packed columns, groups below) KW - Media KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13795574?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Removing+arsenic+from+drinking+water&rft.au=Hathaway%2C+S+W%3BRubel%2C+F&rft.aulast=Hathaway&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetic studies of the reduction of aromatic azo compounds in anaerobic sediment/water systems AN - 13795570; 198801750 AB - Aromatic azo compounds in anaerobic sediment/water systems were readily degraded by an abiotic surface-mediated reaction. The exact nature of the reducing agent was not determined, but it appeared to be associated with the sediment. There was no apparent correlation between the rate of degradation and the measured reduction potential of the dyes. The rate of degradation appeared to be controlled by the amount of partitioning on the sediment, with increasing partitioning inhibiting the reduction process. The experimental results were used to develop a model for the reduction process. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Weber, E J AU - Wolfe, N L AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 911 EP - 919 VL - 6 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13795570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Kinetic+studies+of+the+reduction+of+aromatic+azo+compounds+in+anaerobic+sediment%2Fwater+systems&rft.au=Weber%2C+E+J%3BWolfe%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=911&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical and toxicological characteristics of sewage sludge ocean dumped in the New York Bight AN - 13793217; 198800275 AB - Authorities which generated municipal sewage sludges for ocean disposal were required, as part of their permit, to conduct regular chemical analysis and acute toxicity testing of whole sludge. Chemical analyses comprised COD, total suspended solids, oil and grease, petroleum hydrocarbons, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, lead, copper, zinc, chromium, nickel and vanadium. The biological test organisms were the diatom Skeletonema costatum, the mysid shrimp Mysidosis bahia, and the coastal finfish Menidia menidia. Data submitted by 9 applicants (representing 20 sewage treatment facilities) using the 12 Mile Sewage Dump Site in the New York Bight Apex are summarized, and possible correlations between chemical characteristics and toxicity investigated. The chemical composition of sludges varied widely within and between treatment plants. M. bahia was the most sensitive of the test organisms (LC50's ranged from 0.005 to 4.2 per cent). It was calculated that over 75 per cent of the toxic load of the dump site was contributed by 5 facilities which received large amounts of industrial waste. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Santoro, ED AU - Fikslin, T J AD - U.S. EPA, New York Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 394 EP - 399 VL - 18 IS - 7 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13793217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Chemical+and+toxicological+characteristics+of+sewage+sludge+ocean+dumped+in+the+New+York+Bight&rft.au=Santoro%2C+ED%3BFikslin%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Santoro&rft.aufirst=ED&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=394&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microorganisms in municipal solid waste and public health implications AN - 13792827; 198800431 AB - The source, type, concentration, fate, and public health significance of bacteria and viruses associated with municipal solid wastes are reviewed; evidence presented is mainly from the U.S.A. The sources of infectious wastes are divided into industrial (especially the food, drug, and pharmaceutical industries), commercial (especially restaurants), public service (especially hospitals), and domestic (especially food wastes, disposal nappies, paper handkerchiefs, and dog and cat litter). The density of gram-negative bacteria in municipal refuse was found to equal that in undigested sewage sludge and hospital wastes. With landfill disposal, rapid and very considerable decline of bacterial and viral survival with time was noted. The fate of bacteria and viruses in composting and incineration are reviewed. A section of human resistance to infection, especially dose-response relationship, and risk assessment is followed by discussion of studies on the health histories of people handling solid wastes; since few studies were found, the allied field of people handling liquid wastes containing similar pathogens was extensively surveyed. Most evidence is derived from studies of sewage treatment works operators, but data are also given for sewer workers and farm workers involved in spray irrigation of wastewaters. A bibliography of 150 references is appended. JF - CRC Critical Reviews in Environmental Control AU - Pahren, H R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 187 EP - 228 VL - 17 IS - 3 KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Allies KW - Nappies KW - Hazard KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13792827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CRC+Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Control&rft.atitle=Microorganisms+in+municipal+solid+waste+and+public+health+implications&rft.au=Pahren%2C+H+R&rft.aulast=Pahren&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CRC+Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Control&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence, significance, and detection of Klebsiella in water systems AN - 13792564; 198800435 AB - The origin, public health significance, and development of a selective and specific medium for the detection of Klebsiella species are discussed. A newly-developed medium, M-Kleb, when tested on pure cultures, gave equal or better recovery rates than did the plate count agar medium specified in 'Standard Methods', and far better results than 4 other media tested. Results were more variable when testing the 5 media for Klebsiella in natural, untreated waters, and the very limited number of treated water samples that contained any coliform organisms rendered assessment under these conditions impracticable. The level of response by public health authorities when Klebsiella species are detected in a public water supply system is discussed, and related to whether they are faecal or environmental origin. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Geldreich, EE AU - Rice, E W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 74 EP - 80 VL - 79 IS - 5 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Media KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13792564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Occurrence%2C+significance%2C+and+detection+of+Klebsiella+in+water+systems&rft.au=Geldreich%2C+EE%3BRice%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Geldreich&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotic and abiotic degradation rates of methyl parathion in freshwater and estuarine water and sediment samples AN - 13791715; 198800264 AB - The rates of degradation of the pesticide methyl parathion in samples of water and sediment from 2 estuaries on the Gulf Coast of the U.S.A. were measured over 3 years, and results analysed statistically. Degradation occurred in the presence of sediment, but was insignificant in water without sediment. The observed differences in rate of biodegradation at the 2 primary sites could not be attributed to any single factor. There were no seasonal differences in degradation rate constants at either site. The data suggested a very simplified geographical distribution of biodegradation rate for a single chemical in sediments. JF - Chemosphere AU - Pritchard, PH AU - Cripe, C R AU - Walker, W W AU - Spain, J C AU - Bourquin, A W AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 1509 EP - 1520 VL - 16 IS - 7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13791715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Biotic+and+abiotic+degradation+rates+of+methyl+parathion+in+freshwater+and+estuarine+water+and+sediment+samples&rft.au=Pritchard%2C+PH%3BCripe%2C+C+R%3BWalker%2C+W+W%3BSpain%2C+J+C%3BBourquin%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Pritchard&rft.aufirst=PH&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiological characteristics of third-faucet point-of-use devices AN - 13791682; 198801580 AB - The bacteriological characteristics of eight granular activated carbon (GAC) filters, including one system incorporating a GAC filter followed by a powdered activated carbon (PAC) precoat filter, were evaluated. The test rig used is shown diagrammatically and allowed the simultaneous use of 7 different filters. The flow of dechlorinated water was controlled by electrically timed and operated solenoid valves to simulate actual operating conditions for the filters. Numbers of heterotrophic bacteria in the effluent from the filters were determined by plate count (HPC). Pure cultures of pathogens and opportunistic pathogens (10 to 5800 cells per unit) were used to challenge the test units to check for colonization potential. Monthly mean HPCs for each unit and for dechlorinated tap water are presented graphically. Of the three test organisms, only Klebsiella pneumoniae persisted in the units for an extended period. Yersinia enterocolitica persisted for less than half a day and Aeromonas hydrophila for 9 to 15 days. Results are tabulated. The occurrence of pigmented bacteria (PB) in treated water is presented graphically. The percentage of PB in treated water was less than that in dechlorinated tap water but the actual numbers were higher. The effectiveness of filters containing silver as a bacteriostatic agent is questioned. Recommendations for the use of point-of-use treatment devices are given and include the requirements to flush the system after a period of non-use, to change the filter cartridge frequently and to use the device only on a microbiologically safe water. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Reasoner, D J AU - Blannon, J C AU - Geldreich, EE AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 60 EP - 66 VL - 79 IS - 10 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Filters (see also packed columns, groups below) KW - Powdered active carbon KW - Pb KW - Equipment KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13791682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Microbiological+characteristics+of+third-faucet+point-of-use+devices&rft.au=Reasoner%2C+D+J%3BBlannon%2C+J+C%3BGeldreich%2C+EE&rft.aulast=Reasoner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genotoxic properties of municipal wastewaters in Ohio AN - 13791309; 198800890 AB - Sewage from 6 municipal sewage works in Ohio was tested for mutagenicity by the Ames assay after different stages of treatment. The type of sewage treated, estimated percentage industrial contribution, and mode of operation of the activated sludge process at each plant are tabulated. Tabulated data are also included on the concentrations of residual organic matter in the sewage, and the specific mutagenic activities, at different stages of treatment. In general, the specific mutagenicity of the samples increased following activated sludge treatment. Chlorination of secondary effluent increased mutagenic activity considerably in some sewages, but had no effect in others. Some of the sample extracts also induced sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster ovary cells, but there was no obvious correlation between this and the ability to induce mutations in salmonella. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Meier, J R AU - Blazak, W F AU - Riccio, E S AU - Stewart, B E AU - Bishop, D F AU - Condie, L W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 671 EP - 680 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Effluent (treated) (see also sewage works effluent) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13791309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Genotoxic+properties+of+municipal+wastewaters+in+Ohio&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BBlazak%2C+W+F%3BRiccio%2C+E+S%3BStewart%2C+B+E%3BBishop%2C+D+F%3BCondie%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=671&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of an improved single-beam gas chromatography/Fourier transform infrared interface for environmental analysis AN - 13790657; 198800840 AB - Using this interface, values for the minimal identifiable quantity (MIQ) of 52 organic pollutants in test water and sediment samples were determined and compared with those previously reported for a commercial capillary GC/FT-IR interface. The 52 MIQ's were 20-120 ng and, on average, 13 times more sensitive than previously reported values. FT-IR group frequencies of typical environmental contaminants were provided to test the new interface. By using selected frequency regions, the rapid screening of extracts for the presence of various compound classes was possible. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Gurka, D F AU - Titus, R AU - Griffiths, PR AU - Henry, D AU - Giorgetti, A AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 2362 EP - 2369 VL - 59 IS - 19 KW - Fourier KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13790657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+an+improved+single-beam+gas+chromatography%2FFourier+transform+infrared+interface+for+environmental+analysis&rft.au=Gurka%2C+D+F%3BTitus%2C+R%3BGriffiths%2C+PR%3BHenry%2C+D%3BGiorgetti%2C+A&rft.aulast=Gurka&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=2362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated environmental management: a pilot study of the pulp and paper industry AN - 13789637; 198800165 AB - The management of pollutants from an industry was formulated as a general mixed-integer programming problem. The pulp and paper industry was divided into 8 segments (bleached kraft, unbleached kraft and semichemical, sulphite, groundwood, deinking, waste paper, nonintegrated-fine and nonintegrated-other) and representative plants were selected for each segment. Twelve air pollutants and 20 water pollutants were selected. Health effects and environmental effects were analysed. The costs of treatment for three reference environments are tabulated for different percentages of risk reduction. The potential for integrated environmental management as a decision support tool is discussed. JF - Industry and Environment AU - Barry, T M AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 29 EP - 34 VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 0378-9993, 0378-9993 KW - Paper KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Analysis KW - Hazard KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13789637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industry+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Integrated+environmental+management%3A+a+pilot+study+of+the+pulp+and+paper+industry&rft.au=Barry%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Barry&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industry+and+Environment&rft.issn=03789993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Cost Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating treatment plant for particulate contaminant removal AN - 13789594; 198800846 AB - A guide is presented to evaluating water treatment plants where the objective was to reduce the turbidity of finished water from filtration plants where chemical coagulation was used. Ineffective removal of turbidity was related to the physical condition of the filters and pipe galleries, the hydraulics of the treatment process, the quality of the water and the competence of the operating staff. The proper operation of various aspects of the plant including plant hydraulics, chemical feed selection and control, rapid mixing, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection are discussed in detail. The use of pilot plants and laboratory facilities are considered. Examples of improvements to several water treatment plants are reported. There are 48 references. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Logsdon, G S AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 82 EP - 92 VL - 79 IS - 9 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Pipes (see also conduits, drains, pipelines,sewers) KW - Filters (see also packed columns, groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13789594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Evaluating+treatment+plant+for+particulate+contaminant+removal&rft.au=Logsdon%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Logsdon&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlling arsenic, fluoride, and uranium by point-of-use treatment AN - 13789510; 198801573 AB - Point-of-use (POU) treatments for the removal of arsenic and other inorganic contaminants are discussed briefly. A reverse osmosis (RO) unit was tested in the laboratory for the removal of 15 inorganic species and the results are tabulated. Up to 73 per cent of the arsenic was removed and over 94 per cent of all others. The results of field projects are reported for the removal of arsenic by RO, the removal of arsenic and fluoride from water containing high concentrations of iron, manganese and TDS, by adsorption on activated alumina and RO, and the removal of uranium by ion exchange. Results are tabulated and presented graphically. Each treatment was effective under certain operating conditions which are discussed. The correct management and operation of installed systems was essential to their continued efficient operation. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Fox, K R AU - Sorg, T J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 81 EP - 84 VL - 79 IS - 10 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13789510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Controlling+arsenic%2C+fluoride%2C+and+uranium+by+point-of-use+treatment&rft.au=Fox%2C+K+R%3BSorg%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous multiple species testing: acute toxicity of 13 chemicals to 13 diverse freshwater amphibian, fish, and invertebrate families AN - 13788874; 198800814 AB - Results obtained in tests with fish, daphnid, midge, crayfish, snail, tadpole, and leech and 13 organic chemicals are tabulated and discussed. This method could provide the minimal acute data sets, required for setting water quality criteria, in less time and with substantial savings in costs for labour and materials, than conventional separate tests with individual species. A bibliography of 45 references is appended. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Holcombe, G W AU - Phipps, G L AU - Sulaiman, AH AU - Hoffman, AD AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 697 EP - 710 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13788874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+multiple+species+testing%3A+acute+toxicity+of+13+chemicals+to+13+diverse+freshwater+amphibian%2C+fish%2C+and+invertebrate+families&rft.au=Holcombe%2C+G+W%3BPhipps%2C+G+L%3BSulaiman%2C+AH%3BHoffman%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Holcombe&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Destruction of volatile organic contaminants in drinking water by ozone treatment AN - 13788597; 198802316 AB - Pilot-plant screening tests were carried out to evaluate the potential of ozone for removal of volatile organic contaminants proposed for regulation in drinking water in the U.S.A. under water treatment plant conditions (ambient temperatures and pressures, short contact times and in a continuous, flow-through heterogeneous contacting system). At neutral pH and 2 mg ozone per litre, 70-100 per cent of some of the alkenes were removed, 30-50 per cent of most aromatic compounds, 86 per cent of chlorobenzene, but no alkanes were removed. As ozone dose increased, alkene and aromatic compounds destruction increased, but alkanes were still not removed. Some alkanes were removed when the pH of the spiked distilled water was raised above 9. Destruction of most compounds from spiked groundwater was similar to that from spiked distilled water indicating that the background water matrix had little effect on the efficiency of ozone removal. Generally VOC with low oxidation rate constants were poorly removed by ozone, but compounds with high rate constants were removed more successfully. A bibliography of 41 references is appended. JF - Ozone: Science & Engineering AU - Fronk, CA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 265 EP - 288 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0191-9512, 0191-9512 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13788597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ozone%3A+Science+%26+Engineering&rft.atitle=Destruction+of+volatile+organic+contaminants+in+drinking+water+by+ozone+treatment&rft.au=Fronk%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Fronk&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ozone%3A+Science+%26+Engineering&rft.issn=01919512&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of 2,3,7,8-TCDD contamination at 2,4,5-trichlorophenol production and manufacturing use facilities and associated waste disposal sites AN - 13787273; S198928998 AB - The U.S. EPA National Dioxin Study was comprised of 7 'tiers' ranging from 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP) manufacturing facilities and associated waste disposal sites to 'background' sites where there was no advance expectation of finding 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) contamination. One hundred dioxin contaminated sites were identified. Where 2,3,7,8-TCDD was detected, levels were generally highest in the vicinity of actual waste handling operations (processing, loading, storage). In 7 cases, off-site 2,3,7,8-TCDD soil contamination at levels of concern were confirmed. At sites where concentrated 2,4,5-TCP production wastes were stored or disposed, 2,3,7,8-TCDD concentrations were as high as 2000 ppm. In fish samples from nearby lakes and streams, 2,3,7,8-TCDD was measured in terms of parts per trillion. Several case histories, together with their removal and remedial actions, are discussed. JF - Chemosphere AU - Cummings, J B AU - Korb, B R AU - Evans, T AU - Kravitz, R A AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 2175 EP - 2182 VL - 16 IS - 8/9 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Trichlorophenols KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13787273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Harvey%2C+R+D%3BCahill%2C+R+A%3BChou%2C+C+L%3BSteele%2C+J+D%3BCostanza%2C+S+H%3BFiene%2C+F+L%3BHenderson%2C+L+R%3BKohlenberger%2C+L+B%3BCamp%2C+L+R%3BRussell%2C+S+J%3BRuch%2C+R+R%3BThomas%2C+J%2C+Jr%3BTsui%2C+T+F%3BVogel%2C+R+S%3BZierath%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Mineral+matter+and+trace+elements+in+the+Herrin+and+Springfield+Coals%2C+Illinois+Basin+coal+field&rft.title=Mineral+matter+and+trace+elements+in+the+Herrin+and+Springfield+Coals%2C+Illinois+Basin+coal+field&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing potential health effects from municipal sludge incinerators AN - 13784577; 198804047 AB - The principles of risk assessment were used for a preliminary assessment of the potential health effects of sewage sludge incineration. Hazard indices were derived to show the expected increases of contaminant concentration in the air (incremental index) and to show whether the increase in contaminant level could have a given adverse impact on human health (effect index). Examples calculations are given for cadmium. JF - Journal of Air Pollution Control Association AU - Fradkin, L AU - Bruins, RJF AU - Lutkenhoff, S D AU - Stara, J F AU - Lomnitz, E AU - Rubin, A AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 395 EP - 399 VL - 37 IS - 4 KW - Hazard KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13784577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Mount+St.+Helens%3A+The+Aftermath&rft.au=Flaherty%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Flaherty&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Waterborne and sediment-source toxicities of six organic chemicals to grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) and Amphioxus (Branchiostoma caribaeum) AN - 13782551; S198927741 AB - The toxicity of waterborne and sediment-source chemicals on the epibenthic P. pugio and the burrowing chordate B. caribaeum was determined. Toxic concentrations of chemicals in sediment were compared with those in water. P. pugio were exposed to waterborne or sediment source fenvalerate, cypermethrin, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, tributyltin oxide, triphenyltin oxide, and di-n-butylphthalate in static flow-through systems. B. caribaeum were tested with fenvalerate, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and tributyltin oxide. The LC50, no-effect, and 100 per cent mortality concentrations for 96 h and 10-day tests are tabulated. The toxicity of contaminated sediments was explained by chemical partitioning into overlying or interstitial water. B. caribaeum showed a number of disadvantages as a routine test species, but p. pugio was recommended as an epibenthic test species for waterborne and sediment-source toxicants. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Clark, J R AU - Patrick, J M AU - Moore, J C AU - Lores, E M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 401 EP - 407 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Triphenyltin oxide KW - Waterborne KW - Chordate KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13782551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Phenol+Molecular+Structure+on+Bacterial+Transformation+Rate+Constants+in+Pond+and+River+Samples&rft.au=Paris%2C+D+F%3BWolfe%2C+N+L%3BSteen%2C+W+C%3BBaughman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Paris&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling volatile organics in the Delaware estuary AN - 13778353; S198928227 AB - The chemical transport and fate model TOXIWASP was linked with the estuarine hydrodynamic model DYNHYD to calculate the upstream migration of chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, dimethoxymethane, methylene chloride, perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene from wastewater effluent to the Baxter water treatment plant on the Delaware river. Four steps of data acquisition and simulation are described: hydrodynamics, conservative mass transport, sediment transport, and chemical transport and transformation. Simulation results and observed concentrations showed good agreement. Effluent loading was the largest source of uncertainty. Chemical loss kinetics were handled sufficiently well for volatile organics. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Ambrose, R B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 703 EP - 721 VL - 113 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Dimethoxymethane KW - Methylene chloride KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13778353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Undergound+Oil+Spill+Investigation+and+Cleanup&rft.au=McIntyre%2C+D&rft.aulast=McIntyre&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Operational supervision of stormwater tanks AN - 13778345; S198929406 AB - Periodic inspection and monitoring of the performance of stormwater retention facilities in Bavaria was required by law, supported by documentary records. The nature and scope of the inspection, involving the state of operation, presence of deposits, condition of the structure and evidence of deterioration in any of the associated equipment, are summarized and the relevant factors embodied in a proforma to be completed by the inspection personnel. JF - Korrespondenz Abwasser AU - Vennebusch, K AD - Bavarian Office of Water Management, Munich Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 946 EP - 947 VL - 34 IS - 9 KW - Documentary KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13778345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Korrespondenz+Abwasser&rft.atitle=Operational+supervision+of+stormwater+tanks&rft.au=Vennebusch%2C+K&rft.aulast=Vennebusch&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=946&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Korrespondenz+Abwasser&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - German DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ammonia effects on microinvertebrates and fish in outdoor experimental streams AN - 13776683; S198928800 AB - In this study, 3 groups of water quality criteria for ammonia were evaluated: laboratory data on ammonia effects; the U.S. EPA criteria; and ammonia-specific criteria. Cladocera, Copepoda, Rotifera and Protozoa were monitored during a 4-week period in 4 experimental streams. Three of the streams were treated with ammonia at concentrations of 1, 3 and 9 mg per litre. Six fish species (Pimephales promelas, Ictalurus punctatus, Catostomus commersoni, Lepomis macrochirus, Stizostedion vitreum and Salmo gairdneri) were tested at various intervals for 76 weeks. Copepods and rotifers were unaffected at all 3 treatment levels. Complete mortality of cladocerans occurred in the high and medium treatments when placed in in situ biomonitor chambers. All fish species were affected in at least one treatment, but generally fish effect values agreed with laboratory effect values. Only I. punctatus and C. commersoni showed evidence of toxic effects below the recommended criteria, but for these 2 species the protection levels might not be adequate. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Hermanutz, RO AU - Hedtke, S F AU - Arthur, J W AU - Andrew, R W AU - Allen, K N AU - Helgen, J C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Monticello, Minn. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 249 EP - 283 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Stizostedion vitreum vitreum KW - Insitu KW - Media KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13776683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Ammonia+effects+on+microinvertebrates+and+fish+in+outdoor+experimental+streams&rft.au=Hermanutz%2C+RO%3BHedtke%2C+S+F%3BArthur%2C+J+W%3BAndrew%2C+R+W%3BAllen%2C+K+N%3BHelgen%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Hermanutz&rft.aufirst=RO&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Public health issues of aquatic systems used for wastewater treatment AN - 13748545; S199135089 AB - Information is reviewed on possible risks to human health from the use of aquatic systems for sewage treatment, with reference to pathogenic organisms, heavy metals, trace organic compounds and vector organisms such as mosquitoes. Possible routes of contamination included consumption of contaminated by-products and occupational hazards. Methods for controlling pathogens and vectors are considered. Guidelines for the operation of natural and artificial wetlands and aquatic plant systems specifically designed for waste treatment and resource recovery, are included. The pathogen-host relationship and possible transmission routes for excreta-related infections are shown diagrammatically. Tabulated data are included on important infectious-disease agents with potential for spread by the use of excreta in agriculture; on goals and requirements of aquatic waste-treatment systems; on recommended maximal concentrations for trace metals in reclaimed water used for irrigation; and on U.S.A., Canadian and WHO standards for drinking water. JF - Aquatic Plants for Water Treatment and Resource Recovery (edited by K. R. Reddy and W. H. Smith). Magnolia Publishing Inc., Orlando, Fla. AU - Krishnan, S B AU - Smith, JE AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 855 EP - 878 KW - Aquatic macrophytes (see also individual groups b) KW - Hazard KW - World health organization KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13748545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Plants+for+Water+Treatment+and+Resource+Recovery+%28edited+by+K.+R.+Reddy+and+W.+H.+Smith%29.+Magnolia+Publishing+Inc.%2C+Orlando%2C+Fla.&rft.atitle=Public+health+issues+of+aquatic+systems+used+for+wastewater+treatment&rft.au=Krishnan%2C+S+B%3BSmith%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Krishnan&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=855&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Plants+for+Water+Treatment+and+Resource+Recovery+%28edited+by+K.+R.+Reddy+and+W.+H.+Smith%29.+Magnolia+Publishing+Inc.%2C+Orlando%2C+Fla.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's regulatory and policy considerations on wetlands and municipal wastewater treatment AN - 13748195; S199134981 AB - The approach adopted by the U.S. EPA to the protection of wetland areas under the Clean Water Act is reviewed, including standards for effluents discharged from artificial wetlands used for waste treatment and the control of waste discharges to natural wetlands. Studies were in progress to establish water quality criteria for wetlands and to examine the policy for granting permits for discharge of waste waters to wetlands. JF - Aquatic Plants for Water Treatment and Resource Recovery (edited by K.R. Reddy and W.H. Smith). Magnolia Publishing Inc., Orlando, Fla. AU - Davis, D G AU - Montgomery, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 69 EP - 79 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13748195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Plants+for+Water+Treatment+and+Resource+Recovery+%28edited+by+K.R.+Reddy+and+W.H.+Smith%29.+Magnolia+Publishing+Inc.%2C+Orlando%2C+Fla.&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+regulatory+and+policy+considerations+on+wetlands+and+municipal+wastewater+treatment&rft.au=Davis%2C+D+G%3BMontgomery%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Plants+for+Water+Treatment+and+Resource+Recovery+%28edited+by+K.R.+Reddy+and+W.H.+Smith%29.+Magnolia+Publishing+Inc.%2C+Orlando%2C+Fla.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships between the standing crop of macrophytes and nutrient removal efficiency in wastewater wetland AN - 13747831; S199135046 AB - A 2-year study was carried out on a wetland used for sewage treatment to investigate the role of macrophyte metabolism in nutrient removal rates. A mass balance of nutrients showed that there was net release of orthophosphate and net uptake of both ammonia and nitrate from the wetland by aquatic macrophytes. Initially there was no leaf litter present, but after one year the leaf litter that had accumulated supported microbial populations which were a major factor in nutrient removal. The common practice in marsh management of burning accumulated leaf litter or removing detrital debris would have an adverse effect on the capacity of a wetland to remove nutrients. JF - Aquatic Plants for Water Treatment and Resource Recovery (edited by K. R. Reddy and W. H. Smith). Magnolia Publishing Inc., Orlando, Fla. AU - Williams, J R AU - Gearheart, R A AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 573 KW - Aquatic macrophytes (see also individual groups b) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13747831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Plants+for+Water+Treatment+and+Resource+Recovery+%28edited+by+K.+R.+Reddy+and+W.+H.+Smith%29.+Magnolia+Publishing+Inc.%2C+Orlando%2C+Fla.&rft.atitle=Relationships+between+the+standing+crop+of+macrophytes+and+nutrient+removal+efficiency+in+wastewater+wetland&rft.au=Williams%2C+J+R%3BGearheart%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Plants+for+Water+Treatment+and+Resource+Recovery+%28edited+by+K.+R.+Reddy+and+W.+H.+Smith%29.+Magnolia+Publishing+Inc.%2C+Orlando%2C+Fla.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Institutional factors affecting wastewater discharge to wetlands AN - 13747714; S199135091 AB - Some of the findings of a task force set up by the U.S. EPA to investigate several legal and administrative issues concerning the discharge of sewage and effluents to wetlands are summarized. The task force found that the concept of viewing wetlands as a treatment system conflicted directly with the provisions of the Clean Water Act which made no provision for the use of natural wetlands and other protected water bodies for treatment. Water quality criteria should be developed for wetlands and further research should be carried out on the effects of discharging waste waters to wetlands. JF - Aquatic Plants for Water Treatment and Resource Recovery (edited by K. R. Reddy and W. H. Smith). Magnolia Publishing Inc., Orlando, Fla. AU - Montgomery, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1987 PY - 1987 DA - 1987 SP - 889 EP - 894 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13747714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Plants+for+Water+Treatment+and+Resource+Recovery+%28edited+by+K.+R.+Reddy+and+W.+H.+Smith%29.+Magnolia+Publishing+Inc.%2C+Orlando%2C+Fla.&rft.atitle=Institutional+factors+affecting+wastewater+discharge+to+wetlands&rft.au=Montgomery%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Montgomery&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Plants+for+Water+Treatment+and+Resource+Recovery+%28edited+by+K.+R.+Reddy+and+W.+H.+Smith%29.+Magnolia+Publishing+Inc.%2C+Orlando%2C+Fla.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead Health Effects in Drinking Water AN - 760215000; 13623449 AB - Abstract not available. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Marcus, William L AD - Criteria and Standards Division Office of Drinking Water U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, D.C Y1 - 1986/12// PY - 1986 DA - Dec 1986 SP - 363 EP - 407 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Lead KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Lead+Health+Effects+in+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Marcus%2C+William+L&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1986-12-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378600200403 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 143 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drinking water; Lead DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378600200403 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pentachlorophenol: Health and Environmental Effects Profile AN - 760214996; 13623455 AB - Pentachlorophenol is used as an industrial wood preservative for utility poles, crossarms, fence posts, and other purposes (79%); for NaPCP (12%); and miscellaneous, including mill uses, consumer wood preserving formulations and herbicide intermediate (9%) (CMR, 1980). As a wood preservative, pentachlorophenol acts as both a fungicide and insecticide (Freiter, 1978). The miscellaneous mill uses primarily involve the application of pentachlorophenol as a slime reducer in paper and pulp milling and may constitute 66% of the total annual consumption of pentachlorophenol (Crosby et al., 1981). Sodium pentachlorophenate (NaPCP) is also used as an antifungal and antibacterial agent (Freiter, 1978). Pentachlorophenol also is used as a general herbicide (Martin and Worthing, 1977). Photolysis and microbial degradation are the important chemical removal mechanisms for pentachlorophenol in water. In surface waters, pentachlorophenol photolyzes rapidly (ECETOC, 1984; Wong and Crosby. 1981; Zepp et al., 1984); however, the photolytic rate decreases as the depth in water increases (Pignatello et al., 1983). Pentachlorophenol is readily biodegradable in the presence of accli-mated microorganisms; however, biodegradation in natural waters requires the presence of microbes that can become acclimated. A natural river water that had been receiving domestic and industrial effluents significantly biodegraded pentachlorophenol after a 15-day lag period, while an unpolluted natural river water was unable to biodegrade the compound (Banerjee et al., 1984). Even though pentachlorophenol is in ionized form in natural waters, sorption to organic particulate matter and sediments can occur (Schellenberg et al., 1984), with desorption contributing as a continuing source of pollution in a contaminated environment (Pierce and Victor, 1978). Experimentally determined BCFs have shown that pentachlorophenol can significantly accumulate in aquatic organisms (Gluth et al., 1985; Butte et al., 1985; Statham et al., 1976; Veith et al., 1979a,b; Ernst and Weber, 1978), which is consistent with its widespread detection in fish and other organisms. Direct photolysis may be an important environmental sink for pen tachlorophenol present in the atmosphere. The detection of pen tachlorophenol in snow and rain water (Paasivirta et al., 1985; Bevenue et al., 1972) suggests that removal from air by dissolution is possible. Soil degradation studies indicate that pentachlorophenol is biodegrad able; microbial decomposition is an important and potentially domin ant removal mechanism in soil (Baker et al., 1980; Baker and Mayfield, 1980; Edgehill and Finn, 1983; Kirsch and Etzel, 1973; Ahlborg and Thunberg, 1980). The degree to which pentachlorophenol leaches in soil is dependent on the type of soil. In soils of neutral pH, leaching may be significant, but in acidic soils, adsorption to soil generally increases (Callahan et al. , 1979; Sanborn et al. , 1977). The ionized form of pentachlorophenol may be susceptible to adsorption in some soils (Schellenberg et al., 1984). In laboratory soils, pen tachlorophenol decomposes faster in soils of high organic content as compared with low organic content, and faster when moisture content is high and the temperature is conducive to microbial activity. Half- lives are usually 62-4 weeks (Crosby et al., 1981). Monitoring studies have confirmed the widespread occurrence of pentachlorophenol in surface waters, groundwater, drinking water and industrial effluents (see Table 2). The U.S. EPA's National Urban Runoff Program and National Organic Monitoring Survey reported frequent detections in storm water runoff and public water supplies (Cole et al., 1984; Mello, 1978). Primary sources by which pen tachlorophenol may be emitted to environmental waters may be through its use in wood preservation and the associated effluents and its pesticidal applications. Pentachlorophenol can be emitted to the atmosphere by evaporation from treated wood or water surfaces, by releases from cooling towers using pentachlorophenol biocides or by incineration of treated wood (Skow et al., 1980; Crosby et al., 1981). Pentachlorophenol has been detected in ambient atmospheres (Caut reels et al., 1977), in snow and rain water (Paasivirta et al,. 1985; Bevenue et al., 1972) and in emissions from hazardous waste incinera tion (Oberg et al., 1985). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Total Diet Study (conducted between 1964 and 1977) found pen tachlorophenol residues in 91/4428 ready-to-eat food composites (See Tables 4 and 5). The average American dietary intake of pen tachlorophenol during 1965-1969 was estimated to range from 99%) for 8 months (Kimbrough and Linder, 1978) and in rats ingesting 30 mg/kg/day (690%) for 90 days (Johnson et al., 1973). Increased pigmentation of the renal tubular epithelial cells was re ported in rats ingesting 10 or 30 mg/kg/day pentachlorophenol for 2 years (Schwetz et al., 1977). Although decreased immunocompetence was reported in mice exposed to dietary levels of 50 or 500 ppm of pentachlorophenol (>99%) for 34 weeks (Kerkvliet et al., 1982), the decrease was statistically significant only at the higher dose. An ADI of 0.03 mg/kg/day or 2.1 mg/day for a 70 kg human was derivedfrom the NOAEL of 3 mg/kg/day in rats in the chronic dietary study by Schwetz et al. (1977). An uncertainty factor of 100 was used. An RQ of 100 was derived based on the fetotoxic effects of pen tachlorophenol in rats in the study by Schwetz et al. (1974). Based on guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment (U.S. EPA, 1984b) and inadequate evidence for animal carcinogenicity or absence of human cancer data, pentachlorophenol is classified as Group D, meaning that it is not classified as a human carcinogen. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Choudhury, H AU - Coleman, J AU - De Rosa, CT AU - Stara, J F AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office Office of Health and Environmental Assessment U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986/12// PY - 1986 DA - Dec 1986 SP - 483 EP - 571 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - Anadromous species KW - Lymnaea luteola KW - Carcinogens KW - Toxicity tests KW - Ictalurus punctatus KW - Crangon crangon KW - Soil KW - Marine fish KW - Escherichia coli KW - Salmonidae KW - Lanice conchilega KW - pH effects KW - Pollution indicators KW - Rivers KW - Photolysis KW - Rain water KW - Larvae KW - Oral administration KW - pentachlorophenol KW - Wood KW - Mice KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - Pleuronectes platessa KW - Pseudodiaptomus coronatus KW - Chironomus KW - Palaemon elegans KW - Excretion KW - North America, Ontario L. KW - Preservatives KW - Runoff KW - Biodegradation KW - Surface water KW - Formicidae KW - Atmosphere KW - Fish larvae KW - Rats KW - Chronic toxicity KW - Lepomis macrochirus KW - Copepoda KW - Pentachlorophenol KW - Pollution KW - Marine KW - Pigmentation KW - Data processing KW - Industrial effluents KW - Exons KW - Snow KW - Gobius KW - Herbicides KW - Toxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - Food contamination KW - Cancer KW - USA KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Urine KW - Kinetics KW - Kidney KW - Liver KW - Adsorption KW - Gastrointestinal tract KW - Side effects KW - Z 05300:General KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760214996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Pentachlorophenol%3A+Health+and+Environmental+Effects+Profile&rft.au=Choudhury%2C+H%3BColeman%2C+J%3BDe+Rosa%2C+CT%3BStara%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Choudhury&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1986-12-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=483&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378600200409 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 191 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Biodegradation; Bioaccumulation; Urine; Anadromous species; Excretion; Fish larvae; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Surface water; Carcinogens; Atmosphere; Chronic toxicity; pH effects; Pentachlorophenol; Pollution; Rivers; Photolysis; Pigmentation; Data processing; Rain water; Industrial effluents; Snow; Exons; Oral administration; Herbicides; Toxicity; Food contamination; Cancer; Kinetics; Adsorption; Liver; Kidney; Gastrointestinal tract; Runoff; Side effects; Preservatives; Soil; Rats; Larvae; Wood; pentachlorophenol; Mice; Gobius; Lymnaea luteola; Formicidae; Salmonella typhimurium; Ictalurus punctatus; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Crangon crangon; Pleuronectes platessa; Pseudodiaptomus coronatus; Chironomus; Copepoda; Lepomis macrochirus; Escherichia coli; Palaemon elegans; Salmonidae; Lanice conchilega; USA; North America, Ontario L.; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378600200409 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ingestion and Adsorption of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis by Gammarus lacustris in the Laboratory. AN - 733446310; 16347242 AB - Several groups of Gammarus lacustris adults were exposed to solutions containing 0.5 and 5.0 mg of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis per liter for 1- or 24-h periods by using traditional static bioassay exposure procedures. During a postexposure holding period, fecal pellets were removed and plated on tryptic soy agar to determine B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis spore content. The experiments verified that traditional exposure procedures assure ingestion of B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis spores and provided a mean dose estimate of 1,948 spores ingested per test animal with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 891 to 4,296 (1-h exposure, 5.0 mg/liter). It was also found that dose level is highly dependent upon both exposure duration and concentration and that relatively short exposures can result in a relatively long-term retention of spores postexposure (>/=30 days). Body burden experiments established that large numbers of spores adsorb to the bodies of test animals during exposure and may in part explain the long-term retention of spores in the test system postexposure. These results imply that in field applications of microbial control agents, toxicologically unaffected but exposed organisms might transport the agent to untreated sites, expanding the effective treatment area and the number of organisms exposed. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Brazner, J C AU - Anderson, R L AD - Environmental Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804. Y1 - 1986/12// PY - 1986 DA - December 1986 SP - 1386 EP - 1390 VL - 52 IS - 6 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733446310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Ingestion+and+Adsorption+of+Bacillus+thuringiensis+subsp.+israelensis+by+Gammarus+lacustris+in+the+Laboratory.&rft.au=Brazner%2C+J+C%3BAnderson%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Brazner&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-12-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1386&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2010-06-25 N1 - Date created - 2010-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D. 1978 Jun;286(22):1629-32 [97020] J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1985 Mar;1(1):1-7 [2906651] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1982 Jun;43(6):1288-93 [6125127] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Dec;50(6):1496-501 [16346949] Science. 1983 Feb 11;219(4585):715-21 [17814032] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Oct;38(4):656-8 [44177] J Invertebr Pathol. 1985 Jan;45(1):1-8 [3968442] J Cell Sci. 1983 Mar;60:181-97 [6874728] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional chemical characteristics of lakes in North America; Part II, Eastern United States AN - 51109766; 1987-035233 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Linthurst, R A AU - Landers, D H AU - Eilers, J M AU - Kellar, P E AU - Brakke, D F AU - Overton, W S AU - Crowe, R AU - Meier, E P AU - Kanciruk, P AU - Jeffries, D S A2 - Martin, H. C. Y1 - 1986/12// PY - 1986 DA - December 1986 SP - 577 EP - 591 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 31 IS - 3-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - sulfates KW - lakes KW - pollution KW - Appalachians KW - Eastern U.S. KW - Florida KW - New York KW - environmental geology KW - surveys KW - Michigan KW - Catskill Mountains KW - geochemistry KW - Adirondack Mountains KW - pH KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51109766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Regional+chemical+characteristics+of+lakes+in+North+America%3B+Part+II%2C+Eastern+United+States&rft.au=Linthurst%2C+R+A%3BLanders%2C+D+H%3BEilers%2C+J+M%3BKellar%2C+P+E%3BBrakke%2C+D+F%3BOverton%2C+W+S%3BCrowe%2C+R%3BMeier%2C+E+P%3BKanciruk%2C+P%3BJeffries%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Linthurst&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-12-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on acidic precipitation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1987-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adirondack Mountains; Appalachians; Catskill Mountains; Eastern U.S.; environmental geology; Florida; geochemistry; hydrology; lakes; Michigan; New York; North America; pH; pollution; sulfates; surveys; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA Ground Water Protection Strategy AN - 19089089; 9005175 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency 's Ground Water Protection Strategy builds on the principle of state control of groundwater; the states have fundamental responsibility for protection and management of the resource itself, while the EPA concentrates on regulating specific contaminants and sources of contamination. This allocation of responsibilities provides a consistent framework within which each party--federal and state--can operate. EPA 's Strategy has four objectives, reflecting these mutually supportive responsibilities. They are: (1) to build and enhance groundwater protection programs at the state level; (2) to expand, where appropriate, controls over currently unregulated sources of contamination; (3) to achieve greater consistency in EPA decisions on groundwater and cleanup; a fundamental agency policy will be to set priorities for groundwater protection based on use and vulnerability; and (4) to strengthen EPA 's organization for groundwater protection in Washington and in the regions, using key coordinating mechanisms to provide an overall system for focusing on and reviewing policy as it relates to groundwater. Steps are already being taken to implement this strategy. For example: funds are being made available to the states under Section 106 of the Clean Water Act targeted specifically for groundwater protection; an organization, the Office of Ground Water Protection, has been formally established at headquarters in the Office of Water to coordinate the agency 's activities and, through the development of appropriate guidelines, to provide a framework for agency activity to protect groundwater; specific action is underway to provide EPA with information on the extent of the leaking underground storage tank problem; for the first time guidelines are being prepared for use within EPA for protection of three classes of groundwater--special groundwater, current and potential sources of water for drinking or other beneficial uses , and waters which are not potential sources of drinking water or other beneficial uses; and a major effort is now underway to address the problem of pesticides in groundwater. (See also W90-05169) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the Engineering Foundation Conference: Groundwater Contamination. Co-sponsored by the Universities Council on Water Resources at the Miramar Hotel, Santa Barbara, California November 11-16, 1984. Engineering Foundation, New York. 1986. p 73-77. AU - Wise, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency San Francisco, CA. Region IX Y1 - 1986/11// PY - 1986 DA - Nov 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Administrative agencies KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Regulations KW - Water pollution control KW - Water quality control KW - Pesticides KW - State jurisdiction KW - Underground storage KW - Water pollution prevention KW - Federal jurisdiction KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19089089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA+Ground+Water+Protection+Strategy&rft.au=Wise%2C+J&rft.aulast=Wise&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracer Study of Vertical Exchange by Cumulus Clouds AN - 19024317; 8708699 AB - This paper examines the exchange of material by convection cloud processes between the mixed layer and the overlying free troposphere. It describes the results of a field experiment that was conducted in Lexington, Kentucky, during the period from 20 July to 24 August 1983 to study the processes associated with vertical transport of acidic pollutants by non precipitating cumulus convection. An aircraft released SF6 tracer either within or above the mixed layer in the active cumulus convection cloud zone, as well as on the ground. The results show that mixed layer pollutants are vented above the entrainment zone of its boundary layer into the overlying cloud layer by fields of active cumulus and that such active clouds may force cloud layer air downward into the mixed layer. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology JCAMEJ Vol. 25, No. 11, p 1702-1711, November 1986. 6 fig, 3 tab, 24 ref. EPA Contract DE-AC06-76RLO, and Interagency agreement AGIEPA-DW930059-01-0. AU - Ching, JKS AU - Alkezweeny, A J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC. Atmospheric Science Research Lab Y1 - 1986/11// PY - 1986 DA - Nov 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Convection KW - Path of pollutants KW - Tracers KW - Clouds KW - Cloud physics KW - Air pollution KW - Kentucky KW - Acid rain KW - Cumulus KW - Entrainment KW - SW 0810:General KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19024317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Tracer+Study+of+Vertical+Exchange+by+Cumulus+Clouds&rft.au=Ching%2C+JKS%3BAlkezweeny%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Ching&rft.aufirst=JKS&rft.date=1986-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical Products and Toxicologic Effects of Disinfection AN - 19018366; 8704910 AB - Four disinfectants commonly used in water treatment (chlorine, monochloramine, chlorine dioxide, and ozone) were applied to four parallel streams in a pilot plant in Louisiana. Several organics, including total organic carbon and total organic halide, were evaluated to investigate the effects of disinfection and treatment by sand filtration and granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption. Five toxicologic tests were conducted to determine the general toxicity and the mutagenic-carcinogenic potential of disinfection or GAC adsorption. Results showed that ozonation of clarified sand-filtered water produced fewer organics than the other disinfectants studied. The short-term animal toxicologic studies revealed difficulties in analyzing drinking water for detectable toxic effects; reverse osmosis was found not to be a good method for concentrating drinking water. Although in many cases the toxicological tests did not produce significant changes from the controls, an overall effect was noted with the chlorine system GAC effluent that was rechlorinated. This effect was more prominent as the GAC system aged. Further studies are needed to evaluate this effect because of the practice of using GAC over extended periods for taste and odor control when the GAC effluent is chlorinated. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association JAWWA5 Vol. 78, No. 11, p 66-75, November 1986. 6 fig, 8 tab, 19 ref. AU - Lykins, B W AU - Koffskey, W E AU - Miller, R G AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1986/11// PY - 1986 DA - Nov 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution souces KW - Disinfection KW - Water treatment KW - Water pollution effects KW - Toxicology KW - Chemical properties KW - Chemical reactions KW - Water quality management KW - Water properties KW - Chlorine KW - Ozone KW - Pilot plants KW - Organic compounds KW - Filtration KW - Carbon KW - Activated carbon KW - Adsorption KW - Drinking water KW - Chemical analysis KW - Water analysis KW - Membrane processes KW - Reverse osmosis KW - Comparison studies KW - Performance evaluation KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19018366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Chemical+Products+and+Toxicologic+Effects+of+Disinfection&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BKoffskey%2C+W+E%3BMiller%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1986-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Legionella in Cooling Towers AN - 19006627; 8706012 AB - From April 1981 to April 1982, the Vermont Department of Health undertook a program to inventory, inspect, and sample all wet-type heat rejection units (WTHRUs) in the state for Legionella pneumophila. Of 184 operating WHTRUs, statistical analyses were performed on those 130 which were sampled only once during the study period. Of these, 11 (8.5%) were positive for L. pneumophila. Five of 92 towers (5.4%) using surface water sources for cooling were positive in contrast to 6 positive towers of the 38 units (15.8%) which obtained makeup water from groundwater (p = 0.054 by chi square test). Nearly 15% of the 54 units which operated throughout the year were positive, compared to less than 4% of the 76 towers operating seasonally (p = 0.03 by chi square test). The mean pH of cooling water in units where L. pneumophila was recovered (8.3) was significantly higher than the mean pH of 7.9 in units testing negative (p < 0.05 by t-test). The mean log-transformed turbidity of positive towers (0.03 nephelometric units) was significantly lower than the mean of log turbidity of negative towers, 0.69 ntu (p < 0.02 by t-test). (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Environmental Health JEVHAH Vol. 49, No. 3, p 134-139, November-December 1986. 4 fig, 41 ref. AU - Witherell, LE AU - Novick, L F AU - Stone, K M AU - Duncan, R W AU - Orciari, LA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Burlington, VT. Vermont Field/Special Projects Office Y1 - 1986/11// PY - 1986 DA - Nov 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Legionella KW - Statistical analysis KW - Cooling towers KW - Public health KW - Microbiological studies KW - Water pollution sources KW - Pollutant identification KW - Sampling KW - Bacteria KW - Pathogenic bacteria KW - Aerosols KW - Hydrogen ion concentration KW - Turbidity KW - Physical properties KW - Chemical properties KW - Water quality KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19006627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Legionella+in+Cooling+Towers&rft.au=Witherell%2C+LE%3BNovick%2C+L+F%3BStone%2C+K+M%3BDuncan%2C+R+W%3BOrciari%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Witherell&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1986-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Absorption, Distribution, and Excretion of 14C-Trihalomethanes in Mice and Rats AN - 19001088; 8703942 AB - The absorption, organ distribution, and excretion patterns in Sprague-Dawley rats and B6C3F1 mice of the trihalomethanes (THMs) bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane(DBCM), chloroform (TCM), and bromoform (TBM) were determined using the C-14-labeled compounds under identical experimental conditions in both species. The data clearly illustrate that each of these four compounds is acted upon in a unique manner. BDCM and DBCM exhibit limited metabolic activation, as shown by recovery of a higher percentage of the dose as parent compound. A greater amount of C-14 activity was found in the blood following TBM dosing than from any of the others. TCM was found in relatively larger concentrations in the urine, which indicates that it undergoes conjugation more extensively than do the other compounds. (Rochester-PTT) JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology BECTA6 Vol. 37, No. 5, p 752-758, November 1986. 4 fig, 1 tab, 14 ref. AU - Mink, F L AU - Brown, T J AU - Rickabaugh, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office Y1 - 1986/11// PY - 1986 DA - Nov 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mice KW - Rats KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Absorption KW - Metabolism KW - Excretion KW - Path of pollutants KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Isotope studies KW - Bromodichloromethane KW - Dibromochloromethane KW - Chloroform KW - Bromoform KW - Metabolic activation KW - Carbon-14 KW - Radioactive tracer KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19001088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Absorption%2C+Distribution%2C+and+Excretion+of+14C-Trihalomethanes+in+Mice+and+Rats&rft.au=Mink%2C+F+L%3BBrown%2C+T+J%3BRickabaugh%2C+J&rft.aulast=Mink&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1986-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airway Sensitivity of Asthmatics To Sulfur Dioxide AN - 760216101; 13623444 AB - The purpose of this study was to describe for asthmatic subjects the distribution of individual bronchial sensitivity to sulfur dioxide (SO2). Subjects were nonsmoking male asthmatics (n = 27) who were sensitive to inhaled methacholine. None of the subjects used corticosteroids or cromolyn sodium. Oral medications were with held for 48 hr, inhaled medications for 12 hr prior to all testing. Each subject participated in four separate randomly ordered 10 min exposures to 0.00, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 ppm SO sub(2) at 26 C, 70% relative humidity. During exposures, subjects breathed naturally and performed moderate exercise (V sub(E), normalized for body surface area = 21 l/m super(2) x min). Before and 3 min after exposure, specific airway resistance (SRaw) was measured by body plethysmography. Those subjects whose SRaw was not doubled by exposure to 1.00 ppm were also exposed to 2.00 ppm S02. Dose response curves (relative change in SRaw, corrected for change in clean air vs S02 concentration) were constructed for each subject. Bronchial sensi tivity to SO sub(2) [PC(SO2)], defined as the concentration of S02 which provoked an increase in SRaw 100% greater than the response to clean air, was determined. Substantial variability in sensitivity was observed: for 23 subjects, PC(SO2) ranged between 0.28 and 1.90 ppm, while for the remaining 4 subjects, it was greater than 2.00- ppm S02. The median PC(SO2) was 0.75 ppm SO sub(2), and 6 subjects had a PC(SO sub(2)) of less than 0.50 ppm. PC(SO sub(2)) was not related (r = 0.31) to airway sensitivity to methacholine. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Horstman, Donald AU - Roger, LJack AU - Kehrl, Howard AU - Hazucha, Milan AD - Clinical Research Branch, Inhalation Toxicology Division Health Effects Research Laboratory United States Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Y1 - 1986/09// PY - 1986 DA - Sep 1986 SP - 289 EP - 298 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - 2. Key words: asthma KW - bronchial challenge KW - pulmonary function KW - sulfur dioxide. KW - Sodium KW - Relative humidity KW - Corticoids KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - methacholine KW - Surface area KW - Asthma KW - Respiratory tract KW - Physical training KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760216101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Airway+Sensitivity+of+Asthmatics+To+Sulfur+Dioxide&rft.au=Horstman%2C+Donald%3BRoger%2C+LJack%3BKehrl%2C+Howard%3BHazucha%2C+Milan&rft.aulast=Horstman&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1986-09-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378600200307 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Sodium; Corticoids; Sulfur dioxide; methacholine; Surface area; Asthma; Physical training; Respiratory tract DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378600200307 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. EPA Research on In-Situ Treatment Technology AN - 19052831; 8809380 AB - In-situ treatment can be effective in eliminating or reducing the hazardous wastes to acceptable levels. In-situ treatment of contaminated soils must be based on an understanding of factors and processes that determine the behavior of chemicals in soil systems. Specifically, an evaluation of chemical properties, biochemical processes, and environmental factors influencing the behavior and fate of chemicals is required. The goals of in-situ management include treating contaminated soils until acceptable levels of hazardous materials are achieved so that groundwater and surface water resources are protected. In those cases where in-situ treatment is determined to be a feasible approach, it will usually be implemented as a part of an overall remedial action scenario involving the use of other methodologies (e.g. containment) in parallel. This paper gives a general overview/problem definition and state-of-the-art of the natural processes of biodegradation and chemical transformations. The importance and problems of delivery and recovery systems are emphasized. In-situ treatment technologies are classified into extraction processes (air-stripping, flushing, freezing, electrokinetics, vegetative and thermal) and immobilization processes (grouting, fixation, thermal fusion, chemical and biological). Documented case histories of in-situ treatment at several sites are presented, including some of the ongoing and completed EPA/ORD activities. (Lantz-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the 8th National Ground Water Quality Symposium: ' Anatomy of Superfund'. September 23-25 1986, Kansas City, Missouri. 1986. p 75-98, 1 tab, 34 ref. AU - Sanning, DE AU - Lewis, R F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Lab Y1 - 1986/09// PY - 1986 DA - Sep 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution control KW - Water pollution treatment KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Waste disposal KW - Cleanup operations KW - In-situ treatment KW - Path of pollutants KW - Soil contamination KW - Biodegradation KW - Chemical treatment KW - Extraction KW - Immobilization KW - Groundwater management KW - Waste recovery KW - Case studies KW - Remedies KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19052831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=U.S.+EPA+Research+on+In-Situ+Treatment+Technology&rft.au=Sanning%2C+DE%3BLewis%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Sanning&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=1986-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drinking Water and Cancer Mortality AN - 19011213; 8704011 AB - The problem of understanding the possible adverse health effects of organic chemical contaminants in drinking water is not new, but national concern has intensified in recent years. Despite this concern and regulatory efforts, no definitive relationship has been established between organic contamination and human health effects. Some of the sources of possible organic contamination, current knowledge concerning human health effects and the most current epidemiological data were examined. Historic carbon chloroform extract (CCE) and carbon alcohol extract (CAE) data were extracted from STORET and used in regression analyses. Age-adjusted 20-year average cancer mortality rates were regressed against the sum of CAE and CCE for those counties with STORET monitoring data of their drinking water source. Results indicate statistically highly significant relationships particularly for GI-urinary tract cancers. (Author 's abstract) JF - The Science of the Total Environment STENDL Vol. 53, No. 3, p 153-172, September 1986. 3 fig, 8 tab, 22 ref. EPA Assistance agreement CR 808857-01-0. AU - Clark, R M AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Deininger, R A AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1986/09// PY - 1986 DA - Sep 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Cancer mortality KW - Health hazards KW - Organic compounds KW - Water quality KW - Water pollution effects KW - Regression analysis KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Regulations KW - Monitoring KW - Epidemiology KW - Carcinogens KW - Mutagens KW - STORET KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19011213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Drinking+Water+and+Cancer+Mortality&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BDeininger%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+and+Environmental+Chemistry&rft.issn=02772248&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypsographs: Basic Tools for Lake Management and Monitoring AN - 18996428; 8705873 AB - Measurements of lake or reservoir constituents are common activities in the management of these waters and their contents. Quantitative data are required for many decisions involving limnology, fisheries, engineering, etc. but reliable and usable calculations cannot be performed without weighting data relative to the portions of lake water the values represent. Average values may have little use or meaning. The hypsograph is a tool that facilitates quantitative divisions of a lake into desired water mases. This then permits calculations of chemical masses (loads), productivity data, life supporting zones, etc. Hypsographs are graphic depictions of the vertical distributions of volumes or masses of water in lakes, ponds, or reservoirs. Quantitative limnological science or engineering must use a hypsograph, or a more complex equivalent system, to undertake calculations of water constituent concentration data by mathematical weighting. Construction of the graph is simple and based on the hydrographic map of a lake or reservoir. A hypsograph curve is a plot of depth (X) versus area (X squared), thus the area within the plot represents volume (X cubed). The shape of the curve represents the distribution of the volume with depth. It is scaled to the horizontal areas and vertical depths. (Authors ' abstract) JF - Environmental Management EMNGDC Vol. 10, No. 5, p 623-627, September 1986. 2 fig, 1 tab, 3 ref. AU - Keup, LE AU - Tobin, P M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Water Planning and Standards Y1 - 1986/09// PY - 1986 DA - Sep 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Limnology KW - Hypsographs KW - Lakes KW - Lake morphology KW - Management planning KW - Mass balances KW - Monitoring KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18996428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Hypsographs%3A+Basic+Tools+for+Lake+Management+and+Monitoring&rft.au=Keup%2C+LE%3BTobin%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Keup&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1986-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurements and Control in Freeze-Desalination Plants AN - 19036625; 8800088 AB - The basic flow diagram for the freeze-desalination process is presented and the chemical principles which determine the characteristics of the process equipment employed are described. The functions and design of the major process components (feed precooler, freezer, wash separation column, melter/condenser, primary compressor, and heat reject system) are discussed individually in detail. Variations in equipment design are considered based on the characteristics of the refrigerant selected. The refrigerants considered include water (vacuum freezing) and various hydrocarbons (secondary refrigerant freezing) which are either lighter or heavier than the water to be desalted. An emphasis is placed on process design and the factors which dictate the nature and requirements of the process control system and the characteristics of the instrumentation required to affect adequate control of a commercial desalination plant. Instrumentation and control system diagrams are provided for all equipment items and the variations required by refrigerant selection. (Author 's abstract) JF - Desalination DSLNAH Vol. 59, p 321-341, August 1986. 6 fig, 8 ref. AU - Hahn, W J AD - Office of Water Research and Technology Washington, DC Y1 - 1986/08// PY - 1986 DA - Aug 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Desalination plants KW - Desalination apparatus KW - Process control KW - Freeze desalination KW - Physical properties KW - Design criteria KW - Refrigerants KW - Heat reject systems KW - Venting systems KW - Deaerators KW - Refrigerant strippers KW - Instrumentation KW - SW 1010:Saline water conversion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19036625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Measurements+and+Control+in+Freeze-Desalination+Plants&rft.au=Hahn%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Hahn&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1986-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Selected Neutral Priority Organic Pollutants in Marine Sediment, Tissue, and Reference Materials Utilizing Bonded-Phase Sorbents AN - 19010196; 8702231 AB - Extraction and cleanup procedures that use a single solvent and prepackaged, bonded phase silicas for recovery of neutral priority organic compounds from contaminated marine sediments, marine animal tissue and reference materials are described. Recoveries compared favorably with published mean values. Recovery efficiencies were determined by spiking marine sediments and a mussel tissue homogenate. Mean recoveries of 22 priority organic pollutants from sediments ranged from 0 to 84% with a mean recovery of 71% and a 9% relative standard deviation. Mean recoveries of 13 priority organic pollutants from tissue homogenate ranged from 7% to 76% with a median recovery of 64% and 5% deviation. The effects of sediment type and storage method on spike recoveries are also discussed. This method can result in significant reductions in time, solvent volume and complexity of procedures used to extract, clean and fractionate marine sediment and tissue samples for organic pollutant analysis. (Michael-PTT) JF - Analytical Chemistry ANCHAM Vol. 58, No. 9, p 2041-2048, August 1986. 1 fig, 9 tab, 13 ref. AU - Ozretich, RJ AU - Schroeder, W P AD - Environmental Protection Agency Narragansett, RI Y1 - 1986/08// PY - 1986 DA - Aug 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pollutant identification KW - Organic compounds KW - Marine sediments KW - Animal tissues KW - Extraction procedures KW - Detection times KW - Marine animals KW - Solvents KW - Silica KW - Tissue analysis KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19010196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Selected+Neutral+Priority+Organic+Pollutants+in+Marine+Sediment%2C+Tissue%2C+and+Reference+Materials+Utilizing+Bonded-Phase+Sorbents&rft.au=Ozretich%2C+RJ%3BSchroeder%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Ozretich&rft.aufirst=RJ&rft.date=1986-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Amended SDWA Marks New Era in the Water Industry AN - 19010157; 8704267 AB - The 1986 amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act will bring about many changes in water utility management and operations in the next few years. The authors outline the mandates of Congress and the goals of thr US Environmental Protection Agency in implementing the new legislation. The amendments set up a schedule for the publication of drinking water standards, monitoring unregulated pollutants and mandatory filteration and disinfection. Public participation will be sought using such devices as town meetings and conferences. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association JAWWA5 Vol. 78, No. 8, p 66-69, August 1986. 1 tab. AU - Cook, M B AU - Schnare, D W AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1986/08// PY - 1986 DA - Aug 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution control KW - Water law KW - Safe Water Drinking Act KW - Drinking water KW - Water quality standards KW - Monitoring KW - Pollutants KW - Filtration KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19010157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Amended+SDWA+Marks+New+Era+in+the+Water+Industry&rft.au=Cook%2C+M+B%3BSchnare%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1986-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing and Applying the Water Supply Simulation Model AN - 19003499; 8704266 AB - The water Supply Simulation Model is a series of computer programs that allows for evaluation of the physical and economic characteristics of a water distribution system in a spatial framework. Development of the model and its application to the water supply system of the village of New Vienna, Ohio, are described. The water supply simulation model is not restricted to water supply problems. The model should be applicable to the analysis of any system that can be characterized as a distribution network overlaid on some spatial distribution of supply and demand. (Author ' summary) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association JAWWA5 Vol. 78, No. 8, p 61-65, August 1986. 8 fig, 1 tab, 7 ref. AU - Clark, R M AU - Males, R M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1986/08// PY - 1986 DA - Aug 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Simulation KW - Water supply systems KW - Water distribution KW - Model testing KW - New Vienna KW - Ohio KW - Water supply KW - Ecomomic aspects KW - Hydraulic equipment KW - Spatial distribution KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19003499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Developing+and+Applying+the+Water+Supply+Simulation+Model&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BMales%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating Field Scale GAC Systems for Drinking Water AN - 19002408; 8704096 AB - Activated carbon has an affinity for various organic compounds and its use for organic contaminant removal from water supplies has been widely implemented. Granular activated carbon (GAC) systems under field conditions were compared and the various factors affecting operations were analyzed. A technique for predicting GAC performance was developed. The technique using the Freundlich isotherm and logistic function formulation can be applied directly to data collected from field studies, and the results used to predict full-scale performance. The logistic function is applied to TOC loading on a GAC bed using data from a field study conducted in Cincinnati, Ohio. The approach is based on mass transfer and equilibrium concepts to describe the adsorption process and to characterize breakthrough curves. This technique has proven useful in evaluating bench and pilot-scale data and for extrapolating this data to field-scale activities. The mathematical function that describes the breakthrough curves is called the logistic equation. When coupled with cost equations, this approach provides a method that can be used to find a minimum cost solution for a GAC system. The approach has been applied to a field-scale example and used to make minimum cost design estimates for various sized systems. (McFarlane-PTT) JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering (ASCE) JOEDDU Vol. 112, No. 4, p 744- 756, August 1986. 4 fig, 3 tab, 17 ref. AU - Clark, R M AU - Symons, J M AU - Ireland, J C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1986/08// PY - 1986 DA - Aug 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water treatment KW - Activated carbon KW - Cost analysis KW - Design KW - Isotherms KW - Mathematical models KW - Field tests KW - Prediction KW - Mass transfer KW - Equilibrium KW - Adsorption KW - Ohio KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19002408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Evaluating+Field+Scale+GAC+Systems+for+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BSymons%2C+J+M%3BIreland%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentrations of 20 Volatile Organic Compounds in the Air and Drinking Water of 350 Residents of New Jersey Compared with Concentrations in Their Exhaled Breath AN - 18994830; 8702774 AB - Twenty volatile organic compounds were measured in the personal air and drinking water of 350 New Jersey residents in the fall of 1981. Two consecutive 12-hour integrated personal air samples and two tap water samples were collected from each participant. At the end of the 24-hour monitoring period, each participant supplied a sample of exhaled breath. Simultaneous outdoor samples were collected in 100 residential locations in two cities. Eleven compounds were commonly present in air, but only four (the trihalomethanes) in water. Wide ranges of exposures (three to four orders of magnitude) were noted for most compounds. Ten of 11 compounds displayed significant correlations between air exposures and breath concentrations, while chloroform levels were correlated with drinking water exposures. It was concluded that breath measurements are a feasible, cost-effective, and highly sensitive way to determine environmental and occupational exposures to volatile organic compounds. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Occupational Medicine Vol. 28, No. 8, p 603-608, August 1986. 5 tab, 16 ref. AU - Wallace, L AU - Pellizzari, E AU - Hartwell, T AU - Zelon, H AU - Sparacino, C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1986/08// PY - 1986 DA - Aug 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Organic compounds KW - Air pollution KW - Water pollution KW - Drinking water KW - New Jersey KW - Monitoring KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Chloroform KW - Aromatic compounds KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18994830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Concentrations+of+20+Volatile+Organic+Compounds+in+the+Air+and+Drinking+Water+of+350+Residents+of+New+Jersey+Compared+with+Concentrations+in+Their+Exhaled+Breath&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L%3BPellizzari%2C+E%3BHartwell%2C+T%3BZelon%2C+H%3BSparacino%2C+C&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1986-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Historical perspectives on selected health and safety aspects of nuclear weapons testing. AN - 77355785; 3331999 AB - This paper presents a general review of public safety standards as adapted by the nuclear weapons testing program in the United States, and the impact of these changing standards on the nuclear testing program itself. The review notes the importance of improvements in diagnostic instrumentation and methodologies from a relatively simple degree of sophistication to their current high level. Use of the improved methodologies uncovered a serious oversight affecting human exposure, namely, that of not recognizing the relative importance of all potential transport/dosimetric pathways for risk assessment. The testing program, from its inception in the Pacific in 1946 to the present time in Nevada, is viewed from the perspective of providing improved radiation protection to the general public. JF - Health physics AU - Black, S C AU - Potter, G D AD - Nuclear Radiation Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV 89114. Y1 - 1986/07// PY - 1986 DA - July 1986 SP - 17 EP - 33 VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - History of medicine KW - United States KW - History, 20th Century KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Humans KW - Health Physics KW - Radiation Protection KW - Nuclear Warfare UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77355785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Historical+perspectives+on+selected+health+and+safety+aspects+of+nuclear+weapons+testing.&rft.au=Black%2C+S+C%3BPotter%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1986-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1988-10-25 N1 - Date created - 1988-10-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Typhoid Outbrake at Paradise Mills Public Housing Complex AN - 19086657; 8904666 AB - The Paradise Mills Public Housing Complex (PMPHC) consists of 14 buildings with 124 apartments which house approximately 650 persons. PMPHC is located in St. Croix on a hill where ventilation is natural. PMPHC gets its drinking water from roof catchments and from the Department of Public Works (DPW). DPW water is generally a combination of well water and desalted water which is pumped directly to the complex 's 741,000 gallon cistern located at the south end of the development. The cistern has two openings on its top which were used for batch chlorination and cleaning. The water is pumped from the cistern to each building. The sewer system consists of 4-inch pipes at the top of the hill connecting into 6-inch pipes at the low end. Numerous sewer back ups had occurred, mainly from clogging with clothes, sanitary napkins and other heavy material. In June, 1984, a 14 year old boy was identified with typhoid fever from PMPHC. The boy presented symptoms of vomiting and high fever, and was hospitalized for 18 days. This was the only case identified during 1984. In June 1985 new typhoid fever cases were identified. From the 24 cases identified with typhoid or related symptoms, 16 cases consumed drinking water from the Paradise Hills Complex. Of the 24 cases, 15 ate Ice Pops prepared by a resident from PMPHC. The investigation team concluded that the Ice Pops prepared by Mrs. Pena could have been the source of the outbreak either by contamination of the Ice Pops by a carrier or the preparation of the Ice Pops with contaminated water. The quality of the water from Paradise Mills was not rated as safe to drink. The government of the Virgin Islands has implemented recommendations by EPA in an effort to eliminate any potential risk of having another typhoid outbreak in this complex. (See also W89-04665) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Third Caribbean Islands Water Resources Congress. Proceedings of a Symposium held in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands July 22-25, 1986. p 3-6, 2 fig. AU - Shelton, R AU - Martinez, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency San Juan, PR. Caribbean Office Y1 - 1986/07// PY - 1986 DA - Jul 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Public health KW - Water quality KW - Typhoid KW - St. Croix KW - Virgin Islands KW - Drinking Water KW - Groundwater budget KW - Well water KW - Desalination KW - Water quality control KW - Potable water KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19086657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Typhoid+Outbrake+at+Paradise+Mills+Public+Housing+Complex&rft.au=Shelton%2C+R%3BMartinez%2C+J&rft.aulast=Shelton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coordinated framework for regulation of biotechnology; announcement of policy; notice for public comment. AN - 76663666; 11655807 JF - Federal register AU - U.S. Office of Science and Technology Policy AD - U.S. Office of Science and Technology Policy Y1 - 1986/06/26/ PY - 1986 DA - 1986 Jun 26 SP - 23302 EP - 23350 VL - 51 IS - 123 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - Bioethics KW - National Science Foundation KW - Biomedical and Behavioral Research KW - Trade Secrets KW - Toxic Substances Control Act KW - Department of Agriculture KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - National Institutes of Health KW - Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act KW - Occupational Safety and Health Administration KW - Legal Approach KW - Biotechnology Science Coordinating Committee KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Internationality KW - Risk Assessment KW - Advisory Committees KW - Containment of Biohazards KW - Ecology KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Risk KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - International Cooperation KW - Economics KW - Microbiology KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration KW - Government Regulation KW - Government KW - Social Control, Formal KW - Reference Standards KW - Federal Government KW - Public Policy KW - Industry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76663666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NORTHEAST+GULF+SCI.&rft.atitle=Impact+on+and+recovery+of+experimental+macrobenthic+communities+exposed+to+pentachlorophenol.&rft.au=Tagatz%2C+ME%3BDeans%2C+CH%3BPlaia%2C+G+R%3BPool%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Tagatz&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NORTHEAST+GULF+SCI.&rft.issn=10489836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1987-06-16 N1 - Date created - 1987-06-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Considerations in Selecting a Transportable Thermal Destruction Unit (TTDU) AN - 19037352; 8803236 AB - The background evaluation of mobile incineration technology as it was developed by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency is presented. The evaluation tools and techniques that would be useful to others involved in toxic and hazardous waste cleanups to ensure the best treatment system with the lowest probability of foreseeable difficulties are detailed. Wood-PTT) JF - Toxic and Hazardous Wastes, Proceedings of the Eighteenth Mid-Atlantic Industrial Waste Conference June 29 - July 1, 1986. Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., Lancaster, PA. 1986. p 187-197, 6 tab, 5 ref. AU - Reed, J C AU - Strauss AU - Cobb, J D AD - Illinois State Environmental Protection Agency Springfield Y1 - 1986/06// PY - 1986 DA - Jun 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Waste disposal KW - Planning KW - Incineration KW - Project plans KW - Hazardous materials KW - Evaluation KW - Illinois KW - Selection processes KW - Cleanup operations KW - Cleanup KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19037352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Considerations+in+Selecting+a+Transportable+Thermal+Destruction+Unit+%28TTDU%29&rft.au=Reed%2C+J+C%3BStrauss%3BCobb%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Reed&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of Organic Contaminants from Groundwater: Status of EPA Drinking Water Research Program AN - 19014677; 8702478 AB - The Drinking Water Research Division (DWRD) of the EPA is responsible for evaluating the various types of technologies that might be used to meet the maximum contaminant levels promulgated under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Because the source water for many utilities in the United States is groundwater, DWRD is especially concerned about conducting bench-, pilot- and field-scale studies on technologies that effectively treat groundwater. DWRD has research projects examining carbon adsorption and air stripping at the field-scale level as well as ozone oxidation, ultraviolet light, and reverse osmosis on the bench and pilot scales. Carbon adsorption appears to provide removal for a wide range of organics whereas conventional treatment is revealed as a poor treatment for many volatile organics, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, etc. Packed tower aeration manifests itself as an excellent technology for volatile organic compounds and may have application for a limited number of pesticides. Ozone oxidation comes to light as a good treatment technology for certain classes of organics such as simple alkenes and aromatics, as well as certain similar, but more complex organic structures. In regard to reverse osmosis, although only a few organics have been subjected to long-term testing, promising removals for several low molecular weight organics can be seen. (See also W87-02476) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Is Current Technology the Answer, Proceedings of the First Biennial Conference of the National Water Supply Improvement Association June 8-12, 1986, Washington, DC. (1986). p 10-28, 3 tab, 13 ref. AU - Mayo, F T AU - Fronk, CA AU - Clark, R M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1986/06// PY - 1986 DA - Jun 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Organic compounds KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Drinking water KW - Water treatment KW - Legislation KW - Field tests KW - Carbon KW - Adsorption KW - Ozonation KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Reverse osmosis KW - Volatile organics KW - Pesticides KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Alkenes KW - Aromatic compounds KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19014677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Removal+of+Organic+Contaminants+from+Groundwater%3A+Status+of+EPA+Drinking+Water+Research+Program&rft.au=Mayo%2C+F+T%3BFronk%2C+CA%3BClark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Mayo&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1986-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rationale for Screen Length Selection and Placement AN - 19052517; 8809309 AB - Considerable controversy exists as to what is an adequate screen length for a groundwater monitoring well. An important aspect of any groundwater contamination study is obtaining representative samples from specific points within the groundwater flow system. The rationale involved in selecting and placement of monitoring well screen length is addressed and an argument is presented for short screen lengths. Many factors influence the length of well screen used in monitoring wells, including hydraulic conductivities of underlying geologic units, the rate and direction of groundwater flow, piezometric surface charges, and contaminant characteristics. Because all these factors vary in real monitoring situtations, short well screen lengths give a more precise picture. (See also W88-09283) (Alexander-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the Sixth National Symposium and Exposition on Aquifer Restoration and Ground Water Monitoring. Columbus Ohio. May 19-22, 1986. National Water Well Association, Dublin, OH. 1986. p 320-327. 4 ref. AU - Shosky, D J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Denver, CO. Region VIII Y1 - 1986/05// PY - 1986 DA - May 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Well screens KW - Groundwater monitoring KW - Monitoring wells KW - Groundwater management KW - Plumes KW - Design criteria KW - Design standards KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Geohydrology KW - Hydrology KW - Aquifers KW - Groundwater movement KW - Hydraulic conductivity KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19052517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Rationale+for+Screen+Length+Selection+and+Placement&rft.au=Shosky%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Shosky&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Grouts, Sealants, and Drilling Fluids on the Quality of Ground-Water Samples AN - 19037591; 8809312 AB - Representative samples of groundwater quality are difficult to obtain and subject to a variety of influences. Potential sources of impact on sample quality are grouts and sealants, and drilling fluids. Grouts and sealants may either invade the formation and filter pack and elevate pH, or if improperly installed, provide an avenue for sample contamination from overlying units or the surface. Drilling fluids, most commonly guar gum and bentonite suspensions, have been shown to elevate chemical oxygen demand, sulfate and chloride concentrations. Additionally, the large number of potential additives comprise a list of potential contaminants of the groundwater system. Proper attention to procedure must be employed to minimize the potential impacts of grouts and sealants and drilling fluids on the operation of monitoring systems. (See also W88-09283) (Author 's abstract) JF - Proceedings of the Sixth National Symposium and Exposition on Aquifer Restoration and Ground Water Monitoring. Columbus Ohio. May 19-22, 1986. National Water Well Association, Dublin, OH. 1986. p 347-355. 9 ref. AU - Jennings, KVB AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Waste Programs Enforcement Y1 - 1986/05// PY - 1986 DA - May 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drilling KW - Grouting KW - Groundwater monitoring KW - Monitoring wells KW - Water quality KW - Groundwater management KW - Hydrogen ion concentration KW - Guar gum KW - Bentonite KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Sulfates KW - Chlorides KW - Water chemistry KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Chemical analysis KW - Geohydrology KW - Hydrology KW - Aquifers KW - Groundwater KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19037591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Grouts%2C+Sealants%2C+and+Drilling+Fluids+on+the+Quality+of+Ground-Water+Samples&rft.au=Jennings%2C+KVB&rft.aulast=Jennings&rft.aufirst=KVB&rft.date=1986-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical Enforcement Guidance Document for Ground-Water Monitoring Systems AN - 19034112; 8809284 AB - This presentation summarizes the characteristics and nationales behind the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Technical Enforcement Guidance Document (TEGD). The Office of Waste Programs Enforcement of EPA was charged with the task of developing a guidance document to aid in evaluating the technical adequacy of groundwater monitoring systems at hazardous waste facilities. The document consolidates in one place for the first time EPA technical policies and requirements as well as recognized geologic and engineering practices necessary to meet the performance based regulations for groundwater monitoring systems at RCRA facilities. It is intended to be used by all individuals involved in addressing RCRA groundwater monitoring problems including regional and state enforcement staff, permit writers and field inspectors. The key for proper use of the TEGD is to understand that it is a guidance document and must be used flexibly by trained professionals employing informed judgement to site-specific situations. It is not to be used as a rigid standard. The TEGD document places major emphasis on the following issues: detailed site hydrogeologic characterization, well location, monitoring well design and construction, and statistical analysis of monitoring data. (See also W88-09283) (Alexander-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the Sixth National Symposium and Exposition on Aquifer Restoration and Ground Water Monitoring. Columbus Ohio. May 19-22, 1986. National Water Well Association, Dublin, OH. 1986. p 1-4. AU - Cook, P L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Waste Programs Enforcement Y1 - 1986/05// PY - 1986 DA - May 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Landfills KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - Standards KW - Groundwater monitoring KW - Waste disposal KW - Legal aspects KW - Geohydrology KW - Monitoring wells KW - Statistical methods KW - Design criteria KW - Design standards KW - Aquifers KW - Groundwater KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 0840:Groundwater KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19034112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Technical+Enforcement+Guidance+Document+for+Ground-Water+Monitoring+Systems&rft.au=Cook%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1986-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Federal Evaluation of Stripmine Reclamation AN - 19017936; 8702067 AB - On 24 August 1984, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a Finding of No Significant Impact on the City of Philadelphia 's (Pennsylvania) Facility Plan for Sludge Management. The plan describes the treatment technologies and sludge utilization plant that will be used to process the 300 dry tons/day of solids produced by the city 's three secondary treatment facilities. Sludge will be anaerobically digested and then composted, with the composted product being used in one of three programs: (1) marketing as a soil conditioner (50%), (2) local land application (20-40%), and (3) stripmine reclamation in western Pennsylvania (10-30%). Numerous studies by EPA and various independent sources have concluded that land reclamation using sludge can be accomplished in an environmentally acceptable manner, but EPA has chosen to conduct an additional study, which is scheduled to be completed within 12 mo. (Rochester-PTT) JF - Water Pollution Control Association of Pennsylvania Magazine Vol. 19, No. 3, p 26, May-June 1986. 14 ref. AU - D'Angelo, B AD - Environmental Protection Agency Philadelphia, PA. Region III Y1 - 1986/05// PY - 1986 DA - May 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Strip mines KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Mine reclamation KW - Soil management KW - Land application KW - Sludge disposal KW - Pennsylvania KW - Secondary wastewater treatment KW - Philadelphia KW - Soil amendments KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Anaerobic digestion KW - Management planning KW - Sludge utilization KW - Feasibility studies KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19017936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Federal+Evaluation+of+Stripmine+Reclamation&rft.au=D%27Angelo%2C+B&rft.aulast=D%27Angelo&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1986-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional Reactivation of Granular Activated Carbon AN - 19009132; 8701018 AB - A major proportion of the cost of using granular activated carbon as a water treatment unit process is associated with the replacement or reactivation of spent carbon. Regional reactivation, the sharing of a reactivation furnace among several users, has been proposed as a means of minimizing this cost. To test this concept, a field-scale regional reactivation project was conducted by the Manchester (NH) Water Works in conjuntion with three other water utilities. Of the three participating utilities, each provided 40,000 lb (18 160 kg) of carbon to be transported to Manchester for fluidized-bed reactivation. Data were gathered on reactivation operations and costs, transportation costs, and carbon losses. The results of the study demonstrated that regional reactivation can be cost effective compared with carbon replacement and, in certain instances, compared with on-site reactivation. (Author 's abstract) JF - American Water Works Association Journal JAWWA5 Vol. 78, No. 5, p 38-41, May 1986. 6 tab, 4 ref. AU - Adams, J Q AU - Clark, R M AU - Lykins Jr, BW AU - Kittredge, D AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1986/05// PY - 1986 DA - May 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water treatment KW - Filtration KW - Activated carbon KW - Carbon KW - Reactivation KW - Manchester KW - New Hampshire KW - Fluidized-bed reactivation KW - Regional reactivation KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19009132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Regional+Reactivation+of+Granular+Activated+Carbon&rft.au=Adams%2C+J+Q%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BLykins+Jr%2C+BW%3BKittredge%2C+D&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Travel Cost Model for Lake Recreation: A Comparison of Two Methods for Incorporating Site Quality and Substitution Effects AN - 19006997; 8702872 AB - The effect of different assumptions regarding decision-making behavior on the predicted changes in recreational activities resulting from water quality improvements is evaluated. The principal finding of this study illustrates how different assumptions regarding recreationists ' decision-making behavior may affect the predicted changes in recreational activity given a change in water quality. The multinomial logit model (MNL) specification portrays recreationists ' decision-making behavior according to a ' more likely outcome, ' leading to smaller increases in the additional number of day trips made, as a result of water quality improvement. The use of more conventional models in estimating recreational benefits for a proposed lake rehabilitation project, could overestimate actual benefits. Numerous issues were confronted in the empirical estimation of the two models, and the manner in which they have been addressed may influence empirical results. First, whether different demand equations are needed for different lake recreational lake activities could not be addressed in this study because of a lack of data. Second, the specification of the relevant choice sets presented problems for both models. Third, for the MNL model, the assumption that each day trip represents a decision that is independent to past or planned future visits to sites is not that plausible. The development of the Markov chain model would be preferable. Fourth, issues concerning the opportunity cost of time spent at the site and traveling to and from the site and their impacts on recreational decision making could not be addressed in this study. Finally, the subjective-objective water quality linkage could not be established empirically, and was assumed. (Lantz-PTT) JF - American Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol. 68, No. 2, p 291-297, May 1986. 3 tab, 19 ref. AU - Caulkins, P P AU - Bishop, R C AU - Bouwes, N W AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Economic Analysis Div Y1 - 1986/05// PY - 1986 DA - May 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Model studies KW - Recreation demand KW - Lakes KW - Cost analysis KW - Recreation facilities KW - Water quality KW - Decision making KW - Travel KW - Mathematical models KW - Mathematical equations KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - SW 4040:Water demand UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19006997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Travel+Cost+Model+for+Lake+Recreation%3A+A+Comparison+of+Two+Methods+for+Incorporating+Site+Quality+and+Substitution+Effects&rft.au=Caulkins%2C+P+P%3BBishop%2C+R+C%3BBouwes%2C+N+W&rft.aulast=Caulkins&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1986-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Winning Strategies for Land Application AN - 18990522; 8605544 AB - The essential requirements for successful implementation of a land application scheme are discussed, with emphasis on the experiences obtained in the Washington, District of Columbia, metropolitan area. A primary reason for acceptance of sludge spreading has been years of good research by many cooperating groups that has shown that the practices are safe and cost-effective. Efforts to reduce public resistance include giving out accurate information, closely following permit and regulatory requirements, keeping the trucks, equipment, and roads very clean, hiring local residents and respected firms for hauling, spreading, and analyses, meeting one-on-one with farmers, county officials, the farm bureaus, and others, informing them in a timely manner of what is occurring, and effectively correcting a misleading statement. (Rochester-PTT) JF - Biocycle BCYCDK Vol. 27, No. 5, p 40-44, May-June 1986. 2 fig, 18 ref. AU - Walker, J M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Municipal Pollution Control Y1 - 1986/05// PY - 1986 DA - May 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sludge disposal KW - Land Application KW - Sewage sludge KW - Public relations KW - Washington KW - District of Columbia KW - Public participation KW - Management planning KW - Farmers KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18990522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Winning+Strategies+for+Land+Application&rft.au=Walker%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurence of Radioactivity in Public Water Supplies in the United States AN - 18990188; 8605407 AB - State and national surveys of radionuclide levels in public water supplies are reviewed, with emphasis on the influence of geological setting (Rock type and nature of the ground water flow system). More than 51,000 measurements for gross alpha-particle and/or Ra activity; 89,000 measurements for U; and 9,000 measurements for Rn were considered in terms of 11 geological provinces comprising the contiguous United States. The highest level of Ra were found in the Upper Coastal Plain, Glaciated Central Platform, and Colorado Plateau provinces. The highest levels of U were in the Colorado Plateau, West Central Platform, and Rocky Mountains. The highest levels of Rn were in the New England and Appalacian Highlands/ Piedmont provinces. Surface waters had low levels of Ra and Rn compared to groundwater, but comparable levels of U. Utilities serving small populations had the highest concentrations of earth radionuclide and also the least sampling records. Risk estimates are presented in terms of excess fatal cancers per 70.7-year lifetime. A principle conclusion is that geological setting can serve as an indication of the need for careful monitoring of radioactivity in public water supplies. Specific conclusions regarding distribution and transport and recommendations on regulation and monitoring are presented. (Robinson-PTT) JF - Health Physics Vol. 48, No. 5, p 553-586, May 1986. 8 fig, 17 tab, 91 ref. AU - Hess, C T AU - Michel, J AU - Horton, T R AU - Prichard, H M AU - Coniglio, WA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1986/05// PY - 1986 DA - May 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water supply KW - Radioactivity KW - Groundwater KW - Geohydrology KW - Surface water KW - Radon KW - United States KW - Cancer KW - Geologic formations KW - Radium KW - Radium isotopes KW - Uranium KW - Uranium isotopes KW - Radioisotopes KW - Surface water records KW - Geology KW - Public health KW - Surveys KW - Distribution patterns KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18990188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Occurence+of+Radioactivity+in+Public+Water+Supplies+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Hess%2C+C+T%3BMichel%2C+J%3BHorton%2C+T+R%3BPrichard%2C+H+M%3BConiglio%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactivity of Nitrogenous and Other Organic Compounds with Aqueous Chlorine AN - 18985547; 8604960 AB - A protocol is proposed for the testing and systematic classification of organic compounds (phenolics, chlorinated hydrocarbons/pesticides, amides, quinolines, imides, pyrimidines , aliphatics, indoles, sugars, amines, pyrrole compounds, amino acids, polynuclear aromatics, pyridines) as to their reactivity to chlorine. The ratios and concentrations are such that could be expected to occur in water treatment. By use of the generalizations formulated, some predictions as to reactions of organics in the chlorination process can be derived. In 90% of the cases studied, there were no, or only slight, effects of pH on Cl concentrations in the establishment of reactivity categories. Amino acids, phenolics, organic sulfur compounds, pyrroles, prolines and indoles were very reactive. Xanthines varied depending upon other functional groupings in the structure. Other compounds tested showed little or no reactivity in these tests. An important thrust of this study is that the compounds tested can serve as models for treatability problems that may confront utilities. (Peters-PTT) JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology BECTA6 Vol. 36, No. 5, p 715-722, May 1986. 1 tab, 21 ref. AU - Katz, EL AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Microbiological Treatment Branch Y1 - 1986/05// PY - 1986 DA - May 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Chlorine KW - Organic compounds KW - Water treatment KW - Amino acids KW - Phenoxy acid KW - Pyridine KW - Amides KW - Amines KW - Phenols KW - Aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Pesticides KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18985547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Reactivity+of+Nitrogenous+and+Other+Organic+Compounds+with+Aqueous+Chlorine&rft.au=Katz%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Katz&rft.aufirst=EL&rft.date=1986-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion Exchange for the Removal of Nitrate from Well Water AN - 18984449; 8606062 AB - A 1-mgd (3.8-ML/d) ion exchange plant was built in McFarland, Calif., to remove excess concentrations of nitrate from one of the city 's supply wells. Data are reported for semiautomatic mode of operation, during which time the plant has performed satisfactorily. Nitrate has been reduced to less than 10 mg as nitrogen/L and brine has been eliminated from the product water. Total costs for the plant, including capital and operations and maintenance, were 24.2 cents/1000 gal. (Main-PTT) JF - American Water Works Association Journal JAWWA5 Vol. 78, No. 5, p 83-88, May 1986. 5 fig, 10 tab, 5 ref. AU - Lauch, R P AU - Guter, G A AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH Y1 - 1986/05// PY - 1986 DA - May 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Ion exchange KW - Nitrate KW - Well water KW - Water treatment KW - McFarland California KW - Brine KW - Operating costs KW - Capital costs KW - Maintenance KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18984449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Ion+Exchange+for+the+Removal+of+Nitrate+from+Well+Water&rft.au=Lauch%2C+R+P%3BGuter%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Lauch&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cost and Technology Document on Drinking Water Treatment for Inorganic Wastes--Waste Disposal AN - 19112577; 9103233 AB - The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is in the process of revising the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations. EPA has identified a number of inorganic, radionuclide, and corrosion-related contaminants for which allowable maximum contaminant levels (MCL) in drinking water may be established. Waste disposal options and associated costs have been evaluated for water treatment processes removing many of these contaminants. Waste byproducts generally are divided into two categories: sludges and brines. The most economical disposal method for sludges was discharge to the sanitary sewer followed closely by drying lagoons/beds with land disposal. Direct land application for lime softening sludges also was a lower cost alternative. The most economical disposal method for brines was either direct discharge or sanitary sewer discharge. Another lower cost alternative was evaporation pond dewatering and land disposal. Total costs increased in proportion to system complexity and the required amount of equipment. For both sludges and brines, large systems have low total costs because of economies of scale while total costs for small systems are very high. The optimum waste treatment and disposal alternative will be affected by regulatory constraints (industrial pretreatment requirements for sanitary sewer discharges; the RECRA requirements for hazardous waste disposal) and site- specific conditions (climate, availability of sanitary sewers or suitable receiving water, cost of land, location of disposal sites). (Fish-PTT) JF - Available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161, as PB89-192363. Price codes: A11 in paper copy, A01 in microfiche. September 1986. 88 fig, 39 tab, 36 ref, 5 append. Y1 - 1986/04// PY - 1986 DA - Apr 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Administrative regulations Drinking water Sludge disposal Waste KW - disposal Waste management Wastewater treatment Water treatment KW - Brine disposal Cost analysis Inorganic compounds Waste KW - characteristics Wastewater management Water quality standards KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19112577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Cost+and+Technology+Document+on+Drinking+Water+Treatment+for+Inorganic+Wastes--Waste+Disposal&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1986-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of Collaborative Testing Guidelines AN - 19075792; 8901917 AB - The effectiveness of collaborative testing guidelines was evaluated in two multi-laboratory method-validation studies conducted for the EPA. The guidelines were developed for EPA 's Office of Toxic Substances and modeled after those of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists and The American Society for Testing and Materials. They were applied, to a greater or lesser extent, in the conduct of validation studies of the EPA 's interim Ames test mutagenicity assay and Daphnia magna life-cycle toxicity assay. At the conclusion of the testing phase of the studies, each participant was requested to provide information related to key guideline elements. In addition, the organizers of each study indicated the degree to which they followed or did not follow the guidelines in administering their studies. Both participants and organizers were urged to provide recommendations for improving the way in which such studies are conducted in the future. The results are the basis for validation and appropriate revision of the collaborative testing guidelines. Results are presented and the implication of those results for future collaborative studies are discussed. (See also W89-01892) (Author 's abstract) JF - Aquatic Toxicology and Environmental Fate: Ninth Volume. A Symposium Sponsored by ASTM Committee E-47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate, Philadelphia, PA April 14-16, 1985. ASTM Special Technical Publication 921, 1986. p 335-348. EPA Contract 68-03-3136. AU - Williams, L R AU - Meckley AU - Schiefer, GE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Las Vegas, NV. Quality Assurance Div Y1 - 1986/04// PY - 1986 DA - Apr 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquatic toxicology KW - Toxicology KW - Standards KW - Biological studies KW - Quality control KW - Bioassay KW - Daphnia KW - Toxicity KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19075792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Validation+of+Collaborative+Testing+Guidelines&rft.au=Williams%2C+L+R%3BMeckley%3BSchiefer%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1986-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating Releases and Waste Treatment Efficiencies for the Toxic Chemical Release Inventory Form AN - 19075725; 8903338 AB - An overview is given of methods for estimating releases of chemicals into the environment for facilities subject to reporting requirements of Section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986. The methods include use of monitoring data, mass balance calculations, emission factors, and engineering judgement. Applicability of the various methods for particular process operations and environmental media are discussed, as well as example release calculations for each method. The document also discusses various waste treatment technologies and how to estimate treatment efficiency. The bibliography includes sources and availability and how to estimate treatment efficiency. Appendices include secondary wastewater treatment efficiencies for specific chemicals, fugitive emission factors for equipment leaks, storage tank emission equations, and some chemical/physical property data for the Section 313 listed chemicals. (Author 's abstract) JF - Available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield VA 22161, as PB88-210380. Price codes: A10 in paper copy, A01 in microfiche. Report No. EPA 560/4-88-002, December 1987. Section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986). 192p, 4 fig, 13 tab, 62 ref, 5 append. EPA Contract 68-02-4248. AU - Gerstle, R AU - Perrin, D AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances Y1 - 1986/04// PY - 1986 DA - Apr 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Regulations KW - Monitoring KW - Water quality control KW - Water pollution sources KW - Chemical wastes KW - Bibliographies KW - Water quality KW - Air pollution KW - Secondary wastewater treatment KW - Standards KW - Water pollution prevention KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19075725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Estimating+Releases+and+Waste+Treatment+Efficiencies+for+the+Toxic+Chemical+Release+Inventory+Form&rft.au=Gerstle%2C+R%3BPerrin%2C+D&rft.aulast=Gerstle&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Michigan Dioxin Studies: Dow Chemical Wastewater Characterization Study, Tittabawassee River Sediments and Native Fish AN - 19075311; 8910993 AB - Results of U.S. EPA 's study of dioxins and other toxic pollutants at the Dow Chemical-Midland Plant, and summaries of prior EPA and Michigan Department of Natural Resources studies at the same Dow facility, conducted during the period 1978 to 1985, are reported. These studies included research conducted on Tittabawassee River native fish and sediments. An overview is presented of the Clean Water Act requirements for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit conditions for best available technology, as they pertain to the Dow plant. Major findings include: (1) confirmation of the discharge of 2,3 ,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2378-TCDD or dioxin) from Dow Chemical to the Tittabawassee River; (2) bioaccumulation of 2378-TCDD in caged fish and native fish; (3) the estimated annual discharge loading of 2378-TCDD from Dow Chemical to the Tittabawassee River is 0.00012 kg. Current discharge levels have consistently been < 10 parts/quadrillion, the interim discharge limit established by the Michigan Water Resources Commission and approved by EPA. (Author 's abstract) JF - Available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield VA 22161, as PB88-249537. Price codes: A06 in paper copy, A01 in microfiche. Report No. EPA-905/4-88-003, June 1986. 118p, 21 fig , 43 tab, 34 ref, 5 append. AU - Amendola, G A AU - Barna AD - Environmental Protection Agency Westlake, OH. Environmental Services Div Y1 - 1986/04// PY - 1986 DA - Apr 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Michigan Wastewater analysis KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Sediment contamination KW - Fish KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Dioxins KW - Tittabawassee River KW - Organic compounds KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Pollution load KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19075311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Michigan+Dioxin+Studies%3A+Dow+Chemical+Wastewater+Characterization+Study%2C+Tittabawassee+River+Sediments+and+Native+Fish&rft.au=Amendola%2C+G+A%3BBarna&rft.aulast=Amendola&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1986-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating Risks of Genetically Engineered Products Under the Toxic Substances Control Act AN - 19062818; 8901906 AB - The Office of Toxic Substances ' has created a plan for evaluating the risks of genetically engineered organisms subject to the Toxic Substances Control Act. The events in the risk assessment process, the categories of information needed for the assessment, and underlying principles are identified and discussed. Major features of the plans are: (1) the overall components of the review, such as hazard, exposure, and benefit assessment, are analogous to those for conventional products; (2) despite the lack of standardized risk assessment techniques, sufficient information exists to conduct case-by-case reviews; (3) until standardized techniques are developed, each product will be subject to a detailed review on a case-by-case basis; (4) data needs will be flexible and will depend upon the characteristics of the particular product under review; (5) due to the interdependence of information, trade-offs can be made; (6) prenotice consultations will significantly expedite the review process; and (7) different combinations of nonagency experts will assist in each product assessment. (See also W89-01892) (Author 's abstract) JF - Aquatic Toxicology and Environmental Fate: Ninth Volume. A Symposium Sponsored by ASTM Committee E-47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate, Philadelphia, PA April 14-16, 1985. ASTM Special Technical Publication 921, 1986. p 179-191, 7 ref. AU - Hollander, A AU - Rissler, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances Y1 - 1986/04// PY - 1986 DA - Apr 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Genetic pollution KW - Management planning KW - Genetics KW - Toxic Substances Control Act KW - Risk assessment KW - Water pollution effects KW - Regulations KW - Aquatic toxicology KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19062818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Application+of+an+ozone+disinfection+model+for+municipal+wastewater+effluents&rft.au=Meckes%2C+M+C%3BVenosa%2C+AD%3BEvans%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Meckes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazard Evaluation Division Standard Evaluation Procedure: Fish Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests AN - 19040532; 8806616 AB - The Standard Evaluation Procedure (SEP) for fish full life-cycle testing is primarily intended as guidance for Agency reviewers and the regulated industry. As a result of application for registration, pesticide producers are required by 40 CFR 158.145 of the regulations to provide fish life-cycle testing. It is intended to be used in conjunction with Subdivision E of the Pesticide Assessment Guidelines: Hazard Evaluation - Wildlife and Aquatic Organisms. The SEP was compiled from ideas and methods that are being used by EPA laboratories, private laboratories, and the ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) in developing a testing procedure that will: (1) establish chronic toxicity levels of the toxicity to fish; (2) compare toxicity information with measured or estimated toxicant residues in an aquatic environment in order to assess potential impact to fish; and (3) indicate the need for further laboratory testing or field testing. (Author 's abstract) JF - Available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield VA. 22161, as PB87-209169. Price codes: A02 in paper copy, A01 in microfiche. EPA Report No. 540/9-86-137, July 1986. 11 p, 9 ref. AU - Rexrode, M AU - Armitage, T M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticide Programs Y1 - 1986/04// PY - 1986 DA - Apr 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution effects KW - Toxicity KW - Lethal limits KW - Fish KW - Pesticides KW - Standards KW - Aquatic environment KW - Bioassays KW - Biological studies KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19040532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Hazard+Evaluation+Division+Standard+Evaluation+Procedure%3A+Fish+Life-Cycle+Toxicity+Tests&rft.au=Rexrode%2C+M%3BArmitage%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Rexrode&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1986-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide Assessment Guidelines, Subdivision E, Hazard Evaluation: Wildlife and Aquatic Organisms AN - 19023818; 8805906 AB - The Data Reporting Guideline (DRG) for Aquatic Testing for Marine/Estuarine and Freshwater Fish and Invertebrates, series 72-1 to 72-5, gives guidance to pesticide registrants on the format for their study report so that the Agency can review it efficiently. It clarifies sections in the existing Pesticides Assessment Guidelines, Subdivision E, on data reporting and provides an outline for study reports and describes the topics and the order in which they should be addressed. This DRG actually contains guidance for reports on nine topics: 72-1, Acute Toxicity Test for Freshwater Fish; 72-2, Acute Toxicity Test for Freshwater Aquatic Invertebrates; 72-3, Acute Toxicity Test for Shrimp; 72-3, Acute Toxicity Test for Estuarine and Marine Fish; 72-3, Oyster Embryo Test; 72-3 Shell Deposition Study for Oyster; 72-4, Fish Early Life-Stage; 72-4, Aquatic Invertebrate Life-Cycle; and 72-5, Life Cycle Tests for Fish. Data submitters can use the DRG in preparing their reports for submission to EPA to meet 40 CFR 158 requirements for the registration of pesticides. (Author 's abstract) JF - Available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield VA. 22161, as PB87-207700. Price codes: A04 in paper copy, A01 in microfiche. Series 72-1 to 72-5, Aquatic Testing for Marine/Estuarine and Freshwater Fish and Invertebrates: Addendum 2 on Data Reporting. EPA Report No. EPA-540/09-87-198, December 1986. 65 p, 25 tab. AU - Laird, CE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticide Programs Y1 - 1986/04// PY - 1986 DA - Apr 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Guidelines KW - Pesticides KW - Water pollution effects KW - Fish KW - Aquatic environment KW - Invertebrates KW - Estuaries KW - Marine environment KW - Shrimp KW - Oysters KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19023818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Pesticide+Assessment+Guidelines%2C+Subdivision+E%2C+Hazard+Evaluation%3A+Wildlife+and+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.au=Laird%2C+CE&rft.aulast=Laird&rft.aufirst=CE&rft.date=1986-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxic Screening Models for Water Supply AN - 19005508; 8700745 AB - Many water utilities in the United States depend upon surface water as their primary source of drinking water. Toxic screening models can be used to provide a means for identifying and assessing the pollutants likely to be in water utility source water from point and nonpoint upstream dischargers. Two case studies are presented to evaluate this concept. One is based on the stretch of Ohio River between the Kanawha River and Cincinnati, OH and ranks the vulnerability of the utilities along this stream segment to organoleptic, toxic, and carcinogenic pollutants. The second case study uses the lower Mississippi to illustrate the use of flow routing models to predict the concentration of contaminants at downstream utilities, based on upstream industrial discharges. The interaction between time of passage and disappearance coefficient of the pollutant is illustrated. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management (ASCE) JWRMD5 Vol. 112, No. 2, p 149-165, April 1986. 8 fig, 6 tab, 11 ref. AU - Clark, R M AU - Grayman, WM AU - Goodrich, JA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1986/04// PY - 1986 DA - Apr 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Toxicity KW - Model studies KW - Water supply KW - Water pollution sources KW - Ohio River KW - Water supply systems KW - Water quality control KW - Drinking water KW - Surface water KW - Carcinogens KW - Toxins KW - Mississippi River KW - Nonpoint pollution sources KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19005508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Toxic+Screening+Models+for+Water+Supply&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGrayman%2C+WM%3BGoodrich%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the In-Vessel Composting Option, Part I AN - 18988455; 8604716 AB - Guidelines are presented for determining how well an in-vessel composting system meets the needs and goals of a community seeking a sludge management solution. An evaluation approach was developed. Community goals for in-vessel sewage sludge composting operations that guided the development of this approach were as follows: odor-free operation, compost that is adequately dry, stable, pathogen free, and marketable, economical and reliable system, and public acceptability. Key areas for consideration in evaluating in-vessel composting that are discussed in this first of two articles are: citizen participation, sludge and bulking agent properties, mixing and porosity, air handling, air collection, air scrubbing and odor control, temperature and pathogen control, retention time, and curing. (Rochester-PTT) JF - Biocycle BCYCDK Vol. 27, No. 4, p 22-27, April 1986. 1 fig, 3 tab, 13 ref. AU - Walker, J AU - Goldstein, N AU - Chen, B AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1986/04// PY - 1986 DA - Apr 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Wastewater treatment KW - In-vessel composting KW - Evaluation KW - Sludge disposal KW - Odor control KW - Pathogens KW - Bulking agents KW - Air management KW - Temperature KW - Curing KW - Municipal wastewater KW - Cost analysis KW - Public participation KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18988455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+In-Vessel+Composting+Option%2C+Part+I&rft.au=Walker%2C+J%3BGoldstein%2C+N%3BChen%2C+B&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urban runoff pollution; proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on urban runoff pollution, Montpellier, France, 26-30 August, 1985 AN - 13806259; 198700870 AB - The state of the art on the nature and composition of urban runoff, and methods for designing runoff collection and treatment systems, runoff quality management and modelling, is reviewed in a collection of 30 papers. The impact of urban runoff on the quality of receiving waters, including water quality modelling for receiving waters based on physical and statistical principles, the methods of quality management with real-time control systems, and the trace organic pollutants present in runoff, and their possible ecotoxic effects are considered in detail. JF - Springer Verlag. Berlin, NATO ASI Series G: Ecological Sciences, Volume 10 AU - Torno, H C AU - Marsalek, J AU - Desbordes, M AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. Y1 - 1986/04// PY - 1986 DA - Apr 1986 SP - 2872 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Nato KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - State of the art KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13806259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Springer+Verlag.+Berlin%2C+NATO+ASI+Series+G%3A+Ecological+Sciences%2C+Volume+10&rft.atitle=Urban+runoff+pollution%3B+proceedings+of+the+NATO+Advanced+Research+Workshop+on+urban+runoff+pollution%2C+Montpellier%2C+France%2C+26-30+August%2C+1985&rft.au=Torno%2C+H+C%3BMarsalek%2C+J%3BDesbordes%2C+M&rft.aulast=Torno&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1986-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2872&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Springer+Verlag.+Berlin%2C+NATO+ASI+Series+G%3A+Ecological+Sciences%2C+Volume+10&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A General Guideline for Management of Risk from Carcinogens AN - 61025653; 86Q9058 AB - While a 10-6 risk level over a lifetime is commonly considered acceptable for decisions involving carcinogenic chemicals, higher risk levels may be acceptable with small populations. A mathematical analysis is proposed of the relationship between risk & population size, & some of its implications are explored. 2 Tables, 2 Figures. W. H. Stoddard JF - Risk Analysis AU - Milvy, Paul AD - Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St SW Washington DC 20460 Y1 - 1986/03// PY - 1986 DA - March 1986 SP - 69 EP - 79 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - carcinogenic risk/population size relationship, policy implications KW - Toxic Substances KW - Risk KW - Cancer KW - article KW - 2656: environmental interactions; environmental interactions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61025653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=A+General+Guideline+for+Management+of+Risk+from+Carcinogens&rft.au=Milvy%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Milvy&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1986-03-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - RIANDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk; Cancer; Toxic Substances ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment Transport in the Blue Creek Watershed AN - 19020863; 8705751 AB - Illinois Environmental Protection Agency in cooperation with various U.S. Department of Agriculture Agencies, evaluated the water quality impacts of resource management systems (RMSs) implemented under the Agricultural Conservation Program (ACP) Special Water Quality Project in the Blue Creek Watershed. The monitoring program was designed to link water quality to what was happening on the land area. Sediment data was temporally stratified to account for land management and historic precipitation patatern. Then to determine the effectiveness of the RMS, implemented, sediment data were stratified by precipitation category so as to characterize the principal detachment mechanism. Based on the variable source concept and the findings of the monitoring effort within the Blue Creek, the following land treatment recommendations are made. RMSs must be implemented to slow runoff velocity and volume at the edge of fields to reduce sediment carrying capacity of snowmelt runoff. A water quality land treatment zone must be established where only those fields immediately adjacent to the stream network are treated so as to slow runoff velocity and volume (water management). To ensure water quality benefits land treatment within this zone must also reduce soil erosion. A multiple purpose RMS must be implemented for the offsite and onsite benefits of water management and erosion control. Conservative practices such as conservation tillage, contour farming, grassed waterways, diversions, sediment basins, and terraces have this effect. (See also W87-05740) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the Fourth Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference March 24-27, 1986, Las Vegas, Nevada. Volume I, 1986. p 2-8 to 2-17, 1 fig, 3 tab, 18 ref. AU - Davenport, TE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Chicago, IL. Region V Y1 - 1986/03// PY - 1986 DA - Mar 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sediment transport KW - Blue Creek KW - Illinois KW - Watersheds KW - Monitoring KW - Resource management systems KW - Data acquisition KW - Data interpretation KW - Water quality KW - Sediment load KW - Erosion KW - Runoff KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19020863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Sediment+Transport+in+the+Blue+Creek+Watershed&rft.au=Davenport%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1986-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Viruses in Drinking Water AN - 18989952; 8604978 AB - Available literature on the monitoring in drinking water is reviewed and detection methods indicators, the effects of water treatment processes on virus removal, and the epidemiological significance of viruses in drinking water are discussed. Viruses in drinking water are rare in developed countries where water is treated adequately, but are found in unchlorinated water that is consumed without treatment. To detect viruses, relatively large amounts of water (100 liters or more) need to be concentrated. The most commonly used procedure is based on the adsorption of viruses to negatively charged filters (Balston, Cox, or Filterite) or to positively charged filters (Zeta+ and Virosorb 1-MDS). There have been numerous debates concerning the usefulness of certain microorganisms as indicators of viral presence. The presence of surrogates often indicates the presence of viruses, but their absence does not ensure the absence of viruses. Coagulation with aluminum and iron salts, if properly conducted, can achieve >99% removal of viruses. The efficiency of the coagulation-sedimentation processes can be improved by the addition of coagulant aids such as cationic polyelectrolytes. Slow sand filtration is more effective than rapid sand filtration. The efficiency of rapid sand filtration can be improved when filtration is preceded by chemical flocculation. In water-softening plants, the lime-soda ash process achieves better than 99.9% virus removal. It is too soon to establish standards for viruses in drinking water, and the cost involved in implementing such standards would override any potential benefits. (Rochester-PTT) JF - Environmental Science and Technology ESTHAG Vol. 20, No. 3, p 216-222, March 1986. 84 ref. EPA Contract Agreement 68-03-3196. AU - Bitton, G AU - Farrah AU - Montague, CL AU - Akin, E W AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH Y1 - 1986/03// PY - 1986 DA - Mar 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Viruses KW - Drinking water KW - Standards KW - Water treatment KW - Water softening KW - Charged filters KW - Microorganisms KW - Coagulation KW - Sand filters KW - Epidemiology KW - Aluminum salts KW - Iron salts KW - Cationic polyelectrolytes KW - Chemical flocculation KW - Lime KW - Soda ash KW - Cost analysis KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18989952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Viruses+in+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Bitton%2C+G%3BFarrah%3BMontague%2C+CL%3BAkin%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Bitton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1986-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury levels in organisms in proximity to an old chemical site (Berrys Creek, Hackensack Meadowlands, New Jersey, USA) AN - 16651043; 3648391 AB - During 1979 and 1980 finfish and Crustacea were collected seasonally at 11 sites located in and around the Berrys Creek tidal marsh, a tributary creek in the Hackensack Meadowlands region of northern New Jersey. The study was designed to measure the extent of mercury contamination among aquatic macrofauna in conjunction with a documented point-source discharge of the metal into the marsh environment. A total of 689 individual and/or composite samples representing 20 species were collected and subsequently analysed for total mercury concentration using flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy. In potentially-edible species such as white perch, american eel, catfish, carp and blue-claw crab, average mercury concentrations were generally below 0.5 ppm. Only infrequently were mercury concentrations encountered in excess of the US FDA action guideline of 1.0 ppm. Mummichogs, a resident finfish in the marsh, appear to be a more reliable indicator of local mercury contamination. Mummichogs collected in Berrys Creek north of the Route 3 bridge nearer to the point source exhibited statistically-higher concentrations of mercury as compared with fish collected at downstream sites. White muscle and hepatopancreas tissues of blue-claw crab samples appear to be the primary and secondary sites of accumulated mercury, respectively. No immediate health hazard was indicated. However, some concern exists as to the long-term implications of chronic mercury contamination in this heavily-industrialized region. (DBO) JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Santoro, ED AU - Koepp, S J AD - U.S. EPA, Mar. Wetlands Prot. Branch, 26 Federal Plaza, New York, NY 10278, USA Y1 - 1986/03// PY - 1986 DA - Mar 1986 SP - 219 EP - 224 VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - chemical pollution KW - estuarine organisms KW - salt marshes KW - Brackish KW - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Hackensack Meadowlands KW - mercury KW - bioaccumulation KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16651043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Mercury+levels+in+organisms+in+proximity+to+an+old+chemical+site+%28Berrys+Creek%2C+Hackensack+Meadowlands%2C+New+Jersey%2C+USA%29&rft.au=Santoro%2C+ED%3BKoepp%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Santoro&rft.aufirst=ED&rft.date=1986-03-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollution; estuarine organisms; salt marshes; bioaccumulation; mercury; ANW, USA, New Jersey, Hackensack Meadowlands; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating Risk to Human Health AN - 18993261; 8604977 AB - The procedure involved in estimating risk to human health posed by a chemical in the environment is discussed, using trichloroethylene (TCE) in drinking water as an example. Approximately 23 million persons are exposed to TCE levels ranging from 0.5 micrograms/liter to 5 micrograms/ liter. The level of exposure to any pollutant present in drinking water is the result of many personal daily choices and several factors over which one has very little direct control, such as age or residence location. Cancer risks projected for TCE are based on assumed lifetime ingestion of 0.03 liter of drinking water for each kilogram of body weight and on the assumption that 100% of the ingested chemical is absorbed. Adults in tropical areas consume twice as much water as the average, as may adults engaged in strenuous activity. Estimates of individual risk rates are based on bioassay data from animal experiments. These data are converted to a continuous human equivalent exposure for use in risk estimates. The population risks of health damage due to TCE were estimated as the product of the number of people affected and the individual risk rate. If a drinking water standard, i.e., maximum contaminant level, for TCE were established at 7.5 microgram/liter, nationwide compliance would result in the avoidance of anywhere from < 1 to 4,000 cases of cancer. (Rochester-PTT) JF - Environmental Science and Technology ESTHAG Vol. 20, No. 2, p 111-116, February 1986. 2 fig, 4 tab, 16 ref. AU - Cothern, C R AU - Coniglio, WA AU - Marcus, W L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1986/02// PY - 1986 DA - Feb 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Trichloroethylene KW - Drinking water KW - Risks KW - Regulations KW - Carcinogens KW - Public health KW - Water use KW - Human physiology KW - Standards KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18993261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Estimating+Risk+to+Human+Health&rft.au=Cothern%2C+C+R%3BConiglio%2C+WA%3BMarcus%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Cothern&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alternative RBC Design---Second Order Kinetics AN - 18993257; 8604396 AB - An alternative design employing second-order kinetics and good engineering practice was used to specify a rotating biological contractor (RBC) process for secondary municipal wastewater treatment. The kinetics of the RBC process had been shown to follow a second-order rate expression when the dissapearance of soluble biochemical oxygen demand (sBOD) was correlated with time. This relationship was combined with other RBC process limmitations to design an RBC system based on achieving final effluent sBOD requirements of less than 10 mg/liter. This alternative design approach can be used to determine the following: number of shafts, number of stages, shafts in each stage, sBOD in each stage, the effect on performance of diurnal fluctuations in flow from 50 to 200 percent of design flow, and when oxygen transfer. governs the kinetics. This paper demonstrates the design of an RBC plant by the second-order kinetics method and compares this with the procedure in the Atotrol Wastewater Treatment Systems Design Manual. (Rochester-PTT) JF - Environmental Progress ENVPDI Vol. 5, No. 1, p 51-56, February 1986. 3 tab, 5 ref. AU - Opatken, E J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1986/02// PY - 1986 DA - Feb 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Rotating biological contactor KW - Mathematical models KW - Biochemical oxygen demand KW - Oxygen KW - Sanitary engineering KW - Wastewater facilities KW - Bacterial physiology KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18993257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Alternative+RBC+Design---Second+Order+Kinetics&rft.au=Opatken%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Opatken&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1986-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Risk Comparison between Groundwater Transport Models and Field Data AN - 18987063; 8604397 AB - Techniques of performing assessments of health risks from intake of groundwater impacted by waste disposal facilities are presented. The assessment consists of using monitored plume data , fate and transport modeling, or a combination of both approaches, and of using health effect data for carcinogens and noncarcinogens for health risk assessment. Examples of employment of the mathematical modeling approach at three sites and of the monitoring approach at five sites are presented, and the limitations of assessment methods are discussed. Despite uncertain parameters, particularly values for dispersivities, the fate and transport models are an important toll in supporting the health risk assessment that is based on monitoring data or conducted in the absence of such data. Though there are many analytical and numerical simulation techniques available at present, the reliability of such models cannot be adequately tested because of the inability to define the dispersion parameter for model validation. (Rochester-PTT) JF - Environmental Progress ENVPDI Vol. 5, No. 1, p 66-70, February 1986. 2 fig, 2 tab, 19 ref. AU - Hwang, ST AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1986/02// PY - 1986 DA - Feb 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Risks KW - Mathematical models KW - Monitoring KW - Waste disposal KW - Groundwater movement KW - Carcinogens KW - Noncarcinogens KW - Model validation KW - Dispersion KW - Simulation KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18987063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Health+Risk+Comparison+between+Groundwater+Transport+Models+and+Field+Data&rft.au=Hwang%2C+ST&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=ST&rft.date=1986-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stability of Turbidity in Raw Water and Its Relationship to Chlorine Demand AN - 18983299; 8605886 AB - In this study, 160 raw water samples collected throughout the United States were examined for chlorine demand, turbidity, and other chemical parameters to determine whether these parameters were interrelated. Other parameters such as total organic carbon , total Kjeldahl nitrogen, volatiles, suspended solids, particle size, and inorganics were also examined. Eighty-nine of these samples were also examined over a one-week period to determine the stability of the turbidity values over one, three, and seven days. Changes in turbidity appeared in about 77% of the samples in the range of 0.05-1 ntu, 90% of samples in the 1-5 ntu range, and 96% of those > 5.0 ntu. In some cases, more than a 200% change in turbidity is reflected. In 63% of the samples, changes of 10-50% were seen. Because of this strong indication of the inherent instability of turbid raw water samples, measurements of samples should be done immediately on site to ensure accuracy of turbidity readings. (Doria-PTT) JF - American Water Works Association Journal JAWWA5 Vol. 78, No. 2, p 72-75, February 1986. 1 fig, 6 tab, 11 ref. AU - Katz, EL AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Lab Y1 - 1986/02// PY - 1986 DA - Feb 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Turbidity KW - Raw water KW - Chlorine demand KW - Stability KW - Physical properties KW - Chemical properties KW - Water analysis KW - Organic carbon KW - Nitrogen KW - Kjeldahl procedure KW - Suspended solids KW - Inorganic compounds KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18983299?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Research+Needs+for+Water+Supply+Cost+Estimating&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Information needs for groundwater pollution control AN - 50993191; 1988-015168 JF - The Environmental Professional AU - Haimes, Yacov Y Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 190 EP - 198 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0191-5398, 0191-5398 KW - wells KW - United States KW - models KW - controls KW - environmental geology KW - water management KW - surveys KW - pollution KW - water wells KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50993191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Environmental+Professional&rft.atitle=Information+needs+for+groundwater+pollution+control&rft.au=Haimes%2C+Yacov+Y&rft.aulast=Haimes&rft.aufirst=Yacov&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Environmental+Professional&rft.issn=01915398&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - National symposium on institutional capacity for ground water pollution control N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1988-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; controls; environmental geology; ground water; models; pollution; surveys; United States; water management; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National symposium on institutional capacity for ground water pollution control AN - 50993148; 1988-015167 JF - The Environmental Professional Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 185 EP - 276 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0191-5398, 0191-5398 KW - controls KW - symposia KW - pollution KW - hydrogeology KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50993148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=The+Environmental+Professional&rft.atitle=National+symposium+on+institutional+capacity+for+ground+water+pollution+control&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Environmental+Professional&rft.issn=01915398&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - National symposium on institutional capacity for ground water pollution control N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1988-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Individual articles within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - controls; ground water; hydrogeology; pollution; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preparation of professionals for groundwater protection AN - 50993125; 1988-015169 JF - The Environmental Professional AU - Perrine, Richard L Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 199 EP - 209 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0191-5398, 0191-5398 KW - United States KW - protection KW - Gardena Aquifer KW - pollution KW - Lynwood Aquifer KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - California KW - Los Angeles region KW - environmental geology KW - surveys KW - Silverado Aquifer KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50993125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Environmental+Professional&rft.atitle=Preparation+of+professionals+for+groundwater+protection&rft.au=Perrine%2C+Richard+L&rft.aulast=Perrine&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Environmental+Professional&rft.issn=01915398&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - National symposium on institutional capacity for ground water pollution control N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1988-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; California; environmental geology; Gardena Aquifer; ground water; Los Angeles region; Lynwood Aquifer; pollution; protection; Silverado Aquifer; surveys; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functions and activities of groundwater protection; implications for institutional coordination AN - 50992742; 1988-015170 JF - The Environmental Professional AU - Canter, Larry W Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 219 EP - 224 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0191-5398, 0191-5398 KW - protection KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50992742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=THE+ROCKETEER&rft.au=Belfiore%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Belfiore&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=203&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Foreign+Policy&rft.issn=00157228&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - National symposium on institutional capacity for ground water pollution control N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1988-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; monitoring; pollution; protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effectiveness and equity of groundwater management methods in the Western United States AN - 50992691; 1988-015171 JF - The Environmental Professional AU - Emel, Jacque L AU - Maddock, Thomas, III Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 225 EP - 236 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0191-5398, 0191-5398 KW - wells KW - United States KW - pumping KW - artificial recharge KW - water management KW - hydrogeology KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - recharge KW - drawdown KW - Western U.S. KW - surveys KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50992691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Environmental+Professional&rft.atitle=Effectiveness+and+equity+of+groundwater+management+methods+in+the+Western+United+States&rft.au=Emel%2C+Jacque+L%3BMaddock%2C+Thomas%2C+III&rft.aulast=Emel&rft.aufirst=Jacque&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Environmental+Professional&rft.issn=01915398&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - National symposium on institutional capacity for ground water pollution control N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1988-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; artificial recharge; drawdown; ground water; hydrogeology; models; pumping; recharge; surveys; United States; water management; water wells; wells; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conceptual design for a groundwater quality monitoring strategy AN - 50986392; 1988-015172 JF - The Environmental Professional AU - Rajagopal, R Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 244 EP - 264 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0191-5398, 0191-5398 KW - wells KW - United States KW - protection KW - models KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - environmental geology KW - surveys KW - pollution KW - water wells KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50986392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Environmental+Professional&rft.atitle=Conceptual+design+for+a+groundwater+quality+monitoring+strategy&rft.au=Rajagopal%2C+R&rft.aulast=Rajagopal&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=244&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Environmental+Professional&rft.issn=01915398&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - National symposium on institutional capacity for ground water pollution control N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1988-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 12 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental geology; ground water; models; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; protection; surveys; United States; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Method for the Assessment of Ground Water Contamination Potential: Using a Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM) for the Unsaturated Zone AN - 19238430; 8809107 AB - The Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM) was used to evaluate the potential of aldicarb to leach through soil and contaminate groundwater in three use sites: tobacco grown on a sandy loam soil in North Carolina and potatoes grown on a sandy loam and a loamy sand in Wisconsin. Calibration with the use of field data on these sites allowed field values of aldicarb decay rate and partition coefficient to be estimated. Long term simulations then permitted evaluation of the effect of soil type, date of application, and irrigation on the leaching potential of aldicarb in these use sites. Results showed little to no potential for leaching on the sandy loam soils, but significant leaching on the loamy sand, with between 1 and 19% of applied aldicarb leaching below 2 meters, and six-month plume solution concentrations as high as 103 ppb at two meters. Application later in the season reduced leaching by about one-half, and irrigation increased leaching 3-5 times. (See also W88-09089) (Author 's abstract) JF - Evaluation of Pesticides in Ground Water. American Chemical Society, Washington DC. 1986. p 342-365, 5 fig, 8 tab, 22 ref. AU - Lorber, M N AU - Offutt, C K AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticide Programs Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pesticides KW - Pesticide transport KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Path of pollutants KW - Model studies KW - Data interpretation KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Aeration zone KW - Leaching KW - Carbomate pesticides KW - Aldicarb KW - Groundwater KW - North Carolina KW - Wisconsin KW - Degradation KW - Simulation KW - Soil types KW - Sand KW - Loam KW - Irrigation effects KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19238430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Method+for+the+Assessment+of+Ground+Water+Contamination+Potential%3A+Using+a+Pesticide+Root+Zone+Model+%28PRZM%29+for+the+Unsaturated+Zone&rft.au=Lorber%2C+M+N%3BOffutt%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Lorber&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U. S. EPA-Sponsored Epidemiological Studies of Health Effects Associated with the Treatment and Disposal of Wastewater and Sewage Sludge AN - 19121900; 9109039 AB - Since 1975 the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency has sponsored 11 epidemiological studies of the potential health effects associated with the treatment and disposal of sewage and sewage sludge. Three of these have been occupational exposure studies: one of sewage treatment plant employees, one of irrigation workers, and one of sludge composting workers. Four studies have involved populations living in the vicinity of activated sludge sewage treatment plants. Three studies concerned land application of wastewater for agricultural purposes, and the final study was of farm families utilizing digested sewage sludge on cropland. Final analyses have not yet been completed on two of the studies. The preponderance of the data was negative, but this must be viewed with respect to the problems inherent in quantifying exposure of the involved populations and the absence of a clear end point for measuring an effect. Meanwhile, efforts are in progress to determine the feasibility of performing quantitative or relative risk assessments through the use of modeling. In this process, information on the occurrence, transport, and fate of pathogens in sludges would be integrated with infectious dose data and exposure calculations to develop risk assessments. The utility of this approach remains to be determined. (See also W91-09020) (Author's abstract) JF - IN: Epidemiological Studies of Risks Associated with the Agricultural Use of Sewage Sludge: Knowledge and Needs. Elsevier Science Publishing Co., New York. 1986. p 140-153. 26 ref. AU - Jakubowski, W AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268 Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Epidemiology KW - Hazard assessment KW - Occupational safety KW - Public health KW - Sludge disposal KW - Sludge treatment KW - Wastewater disposal KW - Wastewater farming KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Water pollution effects KW - Activated sludge KW - Aerosols KW - Agriculture KW - Algae KW - Bacteria KW - Composting KW - Dose-response relationships KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Immunoassay KW - Irrigation KW - Land disposal KW - Monitoring KW - Mortality KW - Occupations KW - Pathogens KW - Population exposure KW - Risk assessment KW - Spray irrigation KW - Viruses KW - Wastewater facilities KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19121900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=U.+S.+EPA-Sponsored+Epidemiological+Studies+of+Health+Effects+Associated+with+the+Treatment+and+Disposal+of+Wastewater+and+Sewage+Sludge&rft.au=Jakubowski%2C+W&rft.aulast=Jakubowski&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a Dissolved Oxygen Field Test Protocol AN - 19113881; 9002950 AB - A test protocol which was developed for on-line dissolved oxygen meters was evaluated in a 60-day field test conducted in an activated sludge aeration basin with 13 meters from seven cooperating manufacturers. Results provide information on methods for testing, calibrating and performance monitoring, information useful for developing specifications, and information on routine maintenance for on-line dissolved oxygen meters in a specific plant environment. A critical performance requirement for on-line dissolved oxygen meters is to measure dissolved oxygen (within +/-0.5 ppm of O2) accurately with a mean time between maintenance (cleaning, calibration, etc.) of no less than 30 days. Of the meters tested by the developed protocol, nine meters from five manufacturers met the criteria. Of the four meters (two manufacturers) which did not meet the maintenance requirements, one manufacturer has an accessory component which, if made standard, may bring the meter into conformance with the protocol. The other manufacturer has an alternative model which may meet the protocol performance requirements. The study indicated that the developed protocol is appropriate for acceptance testing of on-line dissolved oxygen meters and that the state-of-the-art meters met the performance requirements of the protocol. (See also W90-02938) (Author 's abstract) JF - Aeration Systems: Design, Testing, Operation and Control. Noyes Publications, Park Ridge New Jersey. 1986. p 219-242. 9 fig, 4 tab, 5 ref, append. AU - Schuk, W W AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Municipal Environmental Research Lab Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Monitoring KW - Water analysis KW - Testing procedures KW - Aerators KW - Evaluation KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Oxygen transfer KW - Field tests KW - Comparison studies KW - Dissolved oxygen meters KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19113881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+Dissolved+Oxygen+Field+Test+Protocol&rft.au=Schuk%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Schuk&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure and Risk Assessment AN - 19096740; 9009829 AB - Tools for bounding health risks to humans near hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities (TSD) are important is assessing risk. Risk and exposure assessment can be viewed as an eight-step process: (1) defining source terms, (2) transport and transformation analyses, (3) locating receptors 2nd defining dose, (4) health effects projection, (5) evaluating risk acceptability, (6) identifying control options, (7) recomputing exposure levels, and (8) monitoring results. Emissions of pollutants to the groundwater are difficult to quantify and are poorly understood. Compounds with a high octanol-water partition coefficient are easily absorbed by the soil matrix and tend to be immobile even in a leaking landfill. On the other hand, some of these compounds are almost completely solubilized in the presence of selected solvents, resulting in leachate concentrations that are considerably higher than those found in the original waste. To supplement field data, mathematical models based on Fick 's first law of diffusion and mass transfer principles can be used. Pollutant behavior in the environment is governed by two mechanisms: transport and transformation. To describe the chemical fate and transport processes involved in pollutant dispersion, the Exposure Analysis Modeling System can be used. After a risk assessment for the TSD has been completed, corrective action may include: changing the generating industrial process to eliminate or to reduce the level of the constituent; changing the waste management equipment to alternative devices; and/or changing practices to reduce factors of safety (rerouting toxic wastes, cease dissolved air flotation operation on valley inversion days). (See also W90-09827) (Brunone-PTT) JF - Hazardous Waste Management Engineering, Van Nostrand Reinhold New York. 1986. p 37-79, 3 fig, 14 tab, 37 ref, append. AU - Smith, B P AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Solid Waste Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hazardous waste disposal KW - Mathematical models KW - Public health KW - Risk assessment KW - Waste management KW - Landfills KW - Model studies KW - Path of pollutants KW - Soil porosity KW - Soil properties KW - Water pollution control KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19096740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Exposure+and+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Smith%2C+B+P&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous Waste and Chemical Substances: Statutory Review AN - 19096059; 9009828 AB - Management and disposal of hazardous wastes are causing a revolution in sanitary engineering practices. To put the control of hazardous wastes into perspective, the definition of hazardous waste and the many statutes adopted by Congress that may place constraints on or otherwise affect hazardous waste management, must be examined. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 's Office of Solid Waste (OSW), under authority of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), has promulgated regulations concerning identification of hazardous waste, has developed standards for generators, transporters, treaters, storers, and disposers of hazardous waste, and has developed criteria for solid waste (nonhazardous) disposal facilities. A hazardous waste is defined by the RCRA statute to include: any solid waste or combination of solid wastes that, because of quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical, or infectious characteristics, may cause or significantly to an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness, or pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or the environment when improperly managed. In addition to RCRA, twenty-four major pieces of legislation, administered by five federal agencies (Consumer Product Safety Commission, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Food and Drug Administration, Department of Transportation, and EPA), direct the federal government to regulate chemicals. These statutes, legislative histories, or case law address three aspects of risk: type of harm, type of risk, and required consideration between the chemical and the harm that may result. (See also W90-09827) (Brunone-PTT) JF - Hazardous Waste Management Engineering, Van Nostrand Reinhold New York. 1986. p 9-36, 8 tab. AU - Edelman, A AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Toxic Substances Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Chemical wastes KW - Hazard assessment KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Legislation KW - Regulations KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - Federal jurisdiction KW - Mortality KW - State jurisdiction KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19096059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Management+and+Entrepreneurship&rft.atitle=Tesla%2C+SpaceX%2C+and+the+Quest+for+a+Fantastic+Future&rft.au=Dobbs%2C+Michael+E&rft.aulast=Dobbs&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Management+and+Entrepreneurship&rft.issn=10771158&rft_id=info:doi/10.9774%2FGLEAF.3709.2016.ja.00009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous-Waste-Management Facility Siting AN - 19093201; 9009835 AB - In 1976, Congress enacted the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The RCRA regulatory control system includes regulations for generators, transporters, and owner/operators of waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDF). Ideally, the supply of TSDFs will simply expand to meet the demand. The waste management industry is unable to respond to the need for new TSDFs due to public opposition. The inability to site new facilities forces generators to rely upon landfills as their predominant means of waste disposal. In areas of the country with limited disposal capacity, capacity shortages may become worse and disposal costs will increase. The site developer attempts to obtain favorable operating permits, minimize permits costs, select sites with minimal engineering involved and near a market, select minimal-impact sites, cultivate a favorable image and manage opposition, and maintain corporate credibility. A developer must generate and disseminate information, monitor the effect of the information on the public , counter misconceptions and misstatements, diffuse or minimize hostility, and try to resolve differences. People tend to ask questions in public consultation hearings about waste handling, site planning concerns, such as the appearance and security of the waste-handling facility; health and environmental concerns, and policy concerns. (See also W90-09827) (Brunone-PTT) JF - Hazardous Waste Management Engineering, Van Nostrand Reinhold New York. 1986. p 469-516, 2 fig, 1 tab, 1 ref, 2 append. AU - Barclay, M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hazardous waste disposal KW - Site selection KW - Storage requirements KW - Waste disposal KW - Waste management KW - Economic aspects KW - Information exchange KW - Permits KW - Public opinion KW - Public relations KW - Regulations KW - Storage capacity KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19093201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Hazardous-Waste-Management+Facility+Siting&rft.au=Barclay%2C+M&rft.aulast=Barclay&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generic Steps in the Field Validation of Vadose Zone Fate and Transport Models AN - 19081920; 8901862 AB - The primary emphasis of this chapter is on the transport and fate of organic chemicals in the vadose zone, i.e., from the soil surface to the groundwater table. Model validation is defined in this report as comparison of model results with numerical environmental data collected in the field or in laboratory observations. Complete model validation requires testing over the full range of conditions for which predictions are intended. At a minimum, this requires a series of validations in various climates and soil types with chemicals that typify the major fate and transport processes. In this chapter, suggested generic approaches to model validation are presented, but the reader should be aware that many validation problems are specific to a particular site, compound, or model and must be dealt with on a case-by-case basis. The suggested steps in field validation of soil fate and transport models are: (1) Identify Model User 's Need; (2) Examine the Model; (3) Evaluate the feasibility of field validation; (4) Develop acceptance criteria for validations; (5) Determine field validation scenario; and (6) Plan and conduct field validations. (See also W89-01859) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Vadose Zone Modeling of Organic Pollutants. Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea Michigan. 1986. p 61-80, 1 fig, 3 tab, 31 ref. AU - Hern, S C AU - Melancon, S M AU - Pollard, JE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Las Vegas, NV Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Field tests KW - Data interpretation KW - Vadose water KW - Path of pollutants KW - Model studies KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Organic compounds KW - Solute transport KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19081920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Generic+Steps+in+the+Field+Validation+of+Vadose+Zone+Fate+and+Transport+Models&rft.au=Hern%2C+S+C%3BMelancon%2C+S+M%3BPollard%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Hern&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Example Field Testing of Soil Fate and Transport Model, PRZM, Dougherty Plain, Georgia AN - 19073804; 8901863 AB - A major problem for any validation or testing effort is obtaining a data set that has determined the needed parameters and has sampled the appropriate variables for an adequate period of time. The first example described in this chapter is an effort that was designed with the express purpose of testing a particular vadose zone model, PRZM. The steps followed are: (1) Identify Model User 's Need; (2) Examine the Model; (3) Evaluate the feasibility of field validation; (4) Develop acceptance criteria for validations; (5) Determine field validation scenario; and (6) Plan and conduct field validations. This effort is not yet complete, so only the initial stages are described, but should serve to give the reader an idea of what is involved in testing a model. (See also W89-01859) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Vadose Zone Modeling of Organic Pollutants. Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea Michigan. 1986. p 81-101, 3 fig, 8 tab, 25 ref. AU - Hedden, K F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Las Vegas, NV Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Path of pollutants KW - Data interpretation KW - Soil water KW - Model studies KW - Field tests KW - PRZM KW - Dougherty Plain KW - Georgia KW - Solute transport KW - Vadose water KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19073804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Example+Field+Testing+of+Soil+Fate+and+Transport+Model%2C+PRZM%2C+Dougherty+Plain%2C+Georgia&rft.au=Hedden%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Hedden&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of Lead Piping and Fittings on Drinking Water Quality AN - 19072444; 8908970 AB - Widespread use of lead service lines and goosenecks has occurred in many water systems, although many systems have less than the optimum treatment for controlling lead corrosion. High lead concentrations in studied communities can be found if water samples are taken in a careful, systematic manner. The Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations requiring only one sample/yr are inadequate to identify the presence and amount of lead resulting from corrosion. The solution to the problems with lead involve systematic removal of lead materials, and water treatment to reduce corrosion. Although lead services are a major contributor of lead, other sources such as lead/tin solder must also be considered in any overall control strategy. It is recommended that the use of lead as an acceptable material for conveying drinking water be removed from plumbing codes. (See also W89-08967) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Plumbing Materials and Drinking Water Quality. Noyes Publications, Park Ridge New Jersey. 1986. p 28-37, 4 tab, 10 ref. AU - Karalekas, P C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Boston, MA. Water Supply Branch Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Plumbing KW - Water quality control KW - Lead KW - Drinking water KW - Pipes KW - Corrosion KW - Water treatment KW - Regulations KW - Water quality KW - Pipelines KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - SW 6070:Materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19072444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Lead+Piping+and+Fittings+on+Drinking+Water+Quality&rft.au=Karalekas%2C+P+C&rft.aulast=Karalekas&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incineration of Hazardous Waste AN - 19068061; 9009831 AB - Incineration, the combustion of the organic components of waste, is an effective disposal method for hazardous wastes if the combustion is conducted properly. Three principal types of incinerators are used in the United States: liquid injection, rotary kiln, and hearth. However, other technologies or variations of them identified in the survey were fume incinerators with liquid-waste capability, ammunition burners, drum reclaimers, fluidized beds, and others. Liquid-injection incinerators account for 52% of the incinerators by number, and all types of incinerators with liquid-injection capability represent 79% of the incinerators. Hearth incinerators represent 34% of the incinerators, rotary kilns 7%. The median capacity for all incinerators with liquid-injection capability is 568 L/hr. The median capacity for solids-burning incinerators is 295 k/hr--equivalent to approximately 295 L of liquid (aqueous) waste. The median temperature is roughly 927-982 C. The survey indicated that liquid-injection units usually operate at slightly higher temperatures than other incinerator types, with a median of about 982 C. Fifteen of the 23 units reporting temperatures > 1204 C were liquid-injection incinerators. For 104 operating incinerators the distribution of gaseous residence times is: 86% have a residence time of 1 s or greater; 48% have a residence time of 2 s or greater. Additional data show that there is a definite tendency for incinerators with higher combustion zone temperatures to have longer residence times. Performance of hazardous waste incinerators can be measured in terms of destruction efficiency (DE) or destruction and removal efficiency (DRE). DRE accounts for both the destruction in the combustion chamber(s) and the removal of organics in any air pollution control equipment. DRE may be calculated as the percentage mass difference of input (feed) and output (stack emission) waste constituents through the incinerator. DRE has been defined for regulatory purposes on a compound-specific basis and thus must be calculated for each constituent of interest separately. In the mid-1970s EPA conducted a series of incinerator test burns in which destruction efficiency was measured. More recently, tests have been conducted by EPA or by others to measure destruction and removal efficiency. The results of these tests are presented in this chapter. (See also W90-09827) (Brunone-PTT) JF - Hazardous Waste Management Engineering, Van Nostrand Reinhold New York. 1986. p 227-316, 22 fig, 10 tab, 20 ref. AU - Crumpler, E AU - Martin, E J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Water Regulations and Standards Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hazardous waste disposal KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Incineration KW - Waste treatment KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Combustion KW - Performance evaluation KW - Surveys KW - Temperature KW - Waste disposal KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19068061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Incineration+of+Hazardous+Waste&rft.au=Crumpler%2C+E%3BMartin%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Crumpler&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plumbing Materials and Drinking Water Quality AN - 19067449; 8908967 AB - On May 16-17, 1984, the Office of Drinking Water and the Drinking Water Research Division of the U.S. EPA cosponsored a seminar to review drinking water problems related to plumbing materials (including those used in service lines) and to identify solutions for dealing with these problems. During the first day, speakers addressed three general topics: (1) the use, application, and availability of plumbing materials (metallic and plastic); (2) the impact of these materials on water quality; and (3) solutions to plumbing problems related to water quality. On the second day, four concurrent panel sessions were held on these four panel topics: (1) joining alternatives for copper pipe; (2) metal pipe and fitting alternatives for plumbing; (3) plastic pipe and fittings; and (4) regulatory and compliance aspects. The first section of these Proceedings (Parts I-IV) includes the papers given by the speakers on plumbing material applications, problems, and solutions. The second section (Part V) contains the reports of the panel sessions prepared by the panel chairmen. The Proceedings conclude with a summary (Part VI) of the conclusions and recommendations of the panel meetings and a synopsis of the seminar presentations. (See W89-08968 thru W89-08977) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Noyes Publications, Park Ridge New Jersey. 1986. 182p. AU - Sorg, T J AU - Bell, F A AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Plumbing KW - Drinking water KW - Water quality KW - Pipes KW - Pipelines KW - Conferences KW - Conveyance structures KW - Regulations KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 6070:Materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19067449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Plumbing+Materials+and+Drinking+Water+Quality&rft.au=Sorg%2C+T+J%3BBell%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Sorg&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of the Critical Temperature of Carbon Dioxide on the Behavior of Wells Injecting Hydrochloric Acid Into Carbonate Formations AN - 19064950; 8901592 AB - The natural consequence of the emplacement of industrial waste hydrochloric acid in subsurface carbonate formations by deep well injection, is the dissolution of the carbonate matrix minerals to yield soluble chlorides and bicarbonates by two consecutive, exothermic chemical reactions. Fundamental considerations of the phase behavior of carbon dioxide, an intermediate product of the reaction, indicate that the safe and trouble-free operation of a well injecting acid into a carbonate formation is predicated upon one primary condition: that the produced carbon dioxide associated with the fluids around the wellbore and which may encroach into the well be in the liquid, not gaseous, state. This condition will be easily met in deep wells; but only if the effective temperature of the acid is below 88 F, the critical temperature of carbon dioxide. Injection of acid at higher temperatures may cause the formation of a gaseous carbon dioxide phase leading to vapor locks in the tubing, loss of well injectivity and finally, a well blowout. In the final analysis, the immediate threat to the environment from such acid disposal, is not so much from the products of the chemical reaction between acid and carbonate, or even from the possible collapse of the injection zone on account of its slow dissolution by acid, but rather from well blowouts resulting from acid injection at temperatures above 88 F. The key to the operational safety of such wells, thus appears to be the cooling of the injected acid substantially below 88 F, a condition now generally met, though fortuitously, during conventional storage of the acid in open ponds prior to injection. The validity of these theoretical considerations is illustrated by the documented operational history as well as the circumstances leading to the blowout of an example well in the Great Lakes Region. (See also W89-01564) (Author 's abstract) JF - Proceedings of the International Symposium on Subsurface Injection of Liquid Wastes. National Water Well Association, Dublin OH. 1986. p 638-655, 3 fig, 6 ref. AU - Kamath, K AU - Salazar, M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Chicago, IL. Region V Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Injection wells KW - Hydrochloric acid KW - Wastewater disposal KW - Blowouts KW - Disposal wells KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Liquid wastes KW - Great Lakes Region KW - Industrial wastes KW - Deep wells KW - Temperature effects KW - Theoretical analysis KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19064950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Role+of+the+Critical+Temperature+of+Carbon+Dioxide+on+the+Behavior+of+Wells+Injecting+Hydrochloric+Acid+Into+Carbonate+Formations&rft.au=Kamath%2C+K%3BSalazar%2C+M&rft.aulast=Kamath&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Emergency Response to Toxic Fumes and Contaminated Ground Water in Karst Topography: Bowling Green, Kentucky AN - 19064122; 8904596 AB - A preliminary report on the investigation of contaminated aquifers in karst topography in South Central Kentucky is presented. Hazardous chemicals have been introduced into cave systems in the Bowling Green, Kentucky area and have caused concerns over long-term health effects and explosions. In April 1985, solvent contamination and fumes in homes and public buildings initiated an emergency response action by U.S. EPA-Region IV. Dye tracing, cave exploration and mapping, exploratory drilling, geophysical studies, and unique sampling techniques have been used to locate contaminant pathways within the Lost River Cave System and to identify the source(s) of contamination and to mitigate their effects. The unique hydrogeology associated with karst terranes presents complex and distinct management problems. Rapid transport of contaminants through a karst system can significantly impact a groundwater supply within a short time. Leaking underground storage tanks and illegal dumping can add numerous point sources of contamination, thus making the evaluation of the overall impact of contamination especially problematic. (See also W89-04586) (Author 's abstract) JF - Proceedings of the Environmental Problems in Karst Terranes and Their Solutions Conference. National Water Well Association, Dublin OH. 1986. p 197-226, 18 fig, 7 ref. AU - Stroud, F B AU - Gilbert, J AU - Powell, G W AU - Crawford, N C AU - Rigatti, MJ AD - Environmental Protection Agency Atlanta, GA. Region IV Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Aquifers KW - Karst KW - Path of pollutants KW - Environmental protection KW - Hazardous materials KW - Toxins KW - Explosives KW - Kentucky KW - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - Water pollution sources KW - Dye releases KW - Lost River Cave System KW - Geohydrology KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19064122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency+Emergency+Response+to+Toxic+Fumes+and+Contaminated+Ground+Water+in+Karst+Topography%3A+Bowling+Green%2C+Kentucky&rft.au=Stroud%2C+F+B%3BGilbert%2C+J%3BPowell%2C+G+W%3BCrawford%2C+N+C%3BRigatti%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Stroud&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Considering Pesticide Potential for Reaching Ground Water in the Registration of Pesticides AN - 19058648; 8809119 AB - Groundwater was once thought unaffected by chemicals applied on the soil 's surface, but current evidence shows the presence of at least 1 of 16 different pesticides in the groundwater of 23 different states. The procedures used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in considering the potential of pesticides to reach groundwater in the pesticide registration process are described. Environmental fate data required for terrestrial use patterns and for aquatic and aquatic impact use patterns include degradation, metabolism, mobility, field dissipation and accumulation. The studies used in determining a pesticide 's potential to reach groundwater are pesticide hydrolysis, photolysis in water and on soil, aerobic and anaerobic soil metabolism, anaerobic aquatic metabolism, leaching and field dissipation. They are used for new chemical registration, reregistration and amendments to an existing registration. The Ground Water Data Call In initiated by the Agency in 1984 for the purpose of determining which of the 600 most widely used active ingredients have potential to reach groundwater when applied under normal agricultural conditions was described although results were not presented. (See also W88-09089) (Wood-PTT) JF - Evaluation of Pesticides in Ground Water. American Chemical Society, Washington DC. 1986. p 548-557, 7 tab, 13 ref, append. AU - Creeger, S M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticide Programs Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pesticides KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Water quality control KW - Regulations KW - Degradation KW - Metabolism KW - Pesticide mobility KW - Path of pollutants KW - Accumulation KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Agricultural chemicals KW - Groundwater KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19058648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Considering+Pesticide+Potential+for+Reaching+Ground+Water+in+the+Registration+of+Pesticides&rft.au=Creeger%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Creeger&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technique Used to Drill Monitoring Wells at a Hazardous Waste Site AN - 19056879; 8811193 AB - The Geneva Industries site in southeast Houston, Texas is a bankrupt, abandoned chemical production and oil recycling facility. Leaking storage tanks and unlined earthen waste ponds caused surface contamination with PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) and other hazardous chemicals and contamination of the 35-foot and 100-foot water sands. An improperly plugged oil well near the center of the site caused concern that vertical migration might have occurred in the well and the deeper water-bearing sands might be contaminated. Usable-quality groundwater occurs to a depth of 2,200 feet in the area and the City of South Houston 's water supply well field, located one-half mile from the site, utilizes sands in the 500 to 1,700 foot depth range. A monitoring well program was designed to drill four wells to test the deeper sands in close proximity to the abandoned oil well so reliable data could be obtained in the shortest possible time. The program required drilling through grossly contaminated surface sediments and contaminated water-bearing sands. Strict personal safety and quality control measures were required to protect the health of the persons associated with the project and prevent any cross contamination while drilling or pumping the wells. (See also W88-11182) (Author 's abstract) JF - Proceedings of the Association of Ground Water Scientists and Engineers Southern Regional Groundwater Conference. National Water Well Association, Worthington OH. 1986. p 154-172, 3 fig, 2 tab. AU - Cooper, E W AU - Thebeau, L C AU - Green, EL AD - Environmental Protection Agency Dallas, TX. Region VI Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Texas KW - Industrial wastes KW - Chemical wastes KW - Water sampling KW - Monitoring wells KW - Drilling KW - Path of pollutants KW - Hazardous materials KW - Organic compounds KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Oil industry KW - Abandoned wells KW - Sand KW - Storage tanks KW - Contamination KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19056879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Measurements+of+primary+sulfates+with+an+acid+condensation+system.&rft.au=Cheney%2C+J+L%3BChehaske%2C+J%3BGreenberg%2C+S&rft.aulast=Cheney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=588&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring Ground Water for Pesticides AN - 19053522; 8809099 AB - At least 17 pesticides have been found in groundwater in a total of 23 states as a result of agricultural practice. These results were obtained through three different types of monitoring studies: (1) large-scale retrospective; (2) small-scale retrospective; and (3) small-scale prospective. Retrospective studies survey areas where the pesticide(s) in question has already been used. Prospective studies involve intensive field investigation in which the pesticide is applied and monitoring begins at time zero. Often, soil core data are at least as important as groundwater data. The ability to draw meaningful conclusions from large-scale studies is greatly diminished unless the studies have a statistical, stratified design. The three study types are described, and soil sampling and well construction guidelines are suggested. A summary of data on pesticides found in groundwater as a result of agricultural practice classified by pesticide type, number, amount and location in the states is presented. Findings on Alachlor, Aldicarb, Atrazine, Bromacil, Carbofuran, Cyanazine, DBCP, DCPA, 1,2-Dichloropropane, Dinoseb, Dyfonate, EDB, Metolachlor, Metribuzin, Oxamyl, Simazine, and Trichloropropane were reviewed in detail. (See also W88-09089) (Wood-PTT) JF - Evaluation of Pesticides in Ground Water. American Chemical Society, Washington DC. 1986. p 170-196, 1 fig, 1 tab, 68 ref. AU - Cohen, S Z AU - Eiden, C AU - Lorber, M N AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticide Programs Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pesticides KW - Water quality control KW - Monitoring KW - Path of pollutants KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Water pollution KW - Pollutants KW - Monitoring wells KW - Agricultural chemicals KW - Sampling KW - Water sampling KW - Soil sampling KW - Data collections KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19053522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Ground+Water+for+Pesticides&rft.au=Cohen%2C+S+Z%3BEiden%2C+C%3BLorber%2C+M+N&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer and Accompanying Impact on Economic and Agricultural Production in the Southern High Plains Region of the United States AN - 19050969; 8811211 AB - The semi-arid High Plains Region of the U.S. has experienced dramatic increases in agricultural productivity during the past three decades due to water-mining for irrigation. The consequence has been the decline of the Ogallala Aquifer, which has been mined as normal mineral depletion for economic benefit. Value of groundwater used in agriculture relates to land and crop values. Real estate credit amounts and sale prices indicate a slight downward trend. These measures are influenced by many factors. Due to their specificity, they may not be a reliable guide to the general value of land. Substitution from other regions of the nation of agricultural production is a significant portion of natural production. Cultural, especially legal and institutional, changes offer the key to extending the usefulness of this resource. Such adjustments could include adaptions in cropping patterns, reduced levels of beef consumption, public groundwater ownership with accompanying use restrictions and raising water prices (service charges). Conjunctive management of surface and groundwater is likely to optimize resource utilization and protection. (See also W88-11182) (Author 's abstract) JF - Proceedings of the Association of Ground Water Scientists and Engineers Southern Regional Groundwater Conference. National Water Well Association, Worthington OH. 1986. p 410-426, 2 fig, 3 tab, 19 ref. AU - Lehe, J M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Dallas, TX. Region VI Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater mining KW - Groundwater management KW - Economic impact KW - Agriculture KW - Irrigation KW - Water policy KW - Ogallala Aquifer KW - High Plains Region KW - Semiarid lands KW - Prices KW - Legal aspects KW - Public investment KW - Water costs KW - Aquifers KW - Land appraisals KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - SW 2040:Groundwater management KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19050969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Depletion+of+the+Ogallala+Aquifer+and+Accompanying+Impact+on+Economic+and+Agricultural+Production+in+the+Southern+High+Plains+Region+of+the+United+States&rft.au=Lehe%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Lehe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Organisms to Quantify PCBs in Marine and Estuarine Environments AN - 19041742; 8806663 AB - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have entered the environment from a variety of industrial sources. Their low water solubility , highly lipophilic character, and considerable resistance to degradation are the cause of their bioaccumulation and persistence in biota. PCB quantification in the aquatic environment is possible through the analysis of water, sediments , or biota. The analysis of bioindicator or sentinel organisms is increasingly becoming the method of choice in surveys of PCBs. Several problems must be overcome if the results of such surveys are to give an accurate picture of the general contamination of aquatic ecosystems by PCBs. Difficulties arise in the accurate analytical quantification of PCB residues in aquatic biota because of a lack of standardized methods, coupled with the selective accumulation of some PCB compounds by organisms. The other problems inherent in the use of bioindicator organisms to monitor PCBs mainly concern biological variables. The lipid content of the organisms studied is of considerable importance in determining the levels of PCBs accumulated within the tissues. The effects of this parameter on the results may be reduced or eliminated by basing analytical data on both wet and lipid weights. Season of collection or organism condition is also important; temporal variability may occur due to fluctuations in pollutant availability, biological changes, and alterations in water quality. Size, age, or weight of the individuals sampled may also influence the PCB concentration present, particularly in finfish. Finally, both an organism 's sex and vertical position in the water column may affect its PCB content. The influence of each variable can be eliminated or reduced by certain methods, many of which involve care at the stage of organism sampling. (See also W88-06651) (Author 's abstract) JF - PCBs and the Environment. Volume II of a Three Volume Set. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton FL. 1986. p 127-181, 17 fig, 13 tab, 279 ref. AU - Phillips, DJH AD - Environmental Protection Agency Kowloon (Hong Kong) Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Pollutant identification KW - Bioindicators KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Lipids KW - Seasonal variation KW - Quantitative analysis KW - Water quality KW - Sediments KW - Metabolism KW - Biological magnification KW - Path of pollutants KW - Sampling KW - Fish KW - Zooplankton KW - Monitoring KW - Aroclors KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19041742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Use+of+Organisms+to+Quantify+PCBs+in+Marine+and+Estuarine+Environments&rft.au=Phillips%2C+DJH&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=DJH&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk Assessment Approaches for Ground Water Contamination by Pesticides and Other Organic Substances AN - 19037932; 8809113 AB - The Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office in Cincinnati (ECAO-Cin) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been preparing health risk assessment documentation and developing methods useful for assessment of health hazards for single chemical chronic exposure for several years. In addition, ECAO-Cin has been instrumental in developing new and improving existing methods for health risk assessments of toxicants and mixtures of toxic chemicals. These methodologies are used to derive ' acceptable intakes ' for systemic toxicants or ' risk specific intakes ' for carcinogens. Sufficient data are needed in order to develop a satisfactory program for assessment of the human health risks associated with groundwater contamination by pesticides and other organic and inorganic pollutants. These data should include the types and concentrations of pollutants present, the potential and extent of exposure of the population at risk, and the toxicity data base on the individual chemicals or their mixtures. (See also W88-09089) (Author 's abstract) JF - Evaluation of Pesticides in Ground Water. American Chemical Society, Washington DC. 1986. p 445-461, 1 fig, 4 tab, 28 ref. AU - Stara, J F AU - Patterson, J AU - Dourson, M L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pesticides KW - Water quality standards KW - Water quality KW - Water quality control KW - Groundwater KW - Risk assessment KW - Safety KW - Organic compounds KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Evaluation KW - Toxicity KW - Risks KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Hazards KW - Human diseases KW - Mathematical equations KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19037932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Risk+Assessment+Approaches+for+Ground+Water+Contamination+by+Pesticides+and+Other+Organic+Substances&rft.au=Stara%2C+J+F%3BPatterson%2C+J%3BDourson%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Stara&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Quantitative Estimates of Uncertainty in Environmental Risk Assessments When the Scientific Data Base is Inadequate AN - 19033783; 8802025 AB - The reasons for developing quantitative estimates of uncertainty in environmental risk assessments are discussed along with a method for developing them which involves scientific judgement. In the situation considered here the regulatory needs are ahead of the science, which makes the development of the estimates of uncertainty more difficult, but not impossible. Quantitative estimates for all uncertainties involved in the estimation of risk resulting from exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in drinking water are developed and tabulated. By far the largest contribution to the uncertainty in the risk estimates for VOCs in drinking water are due to uncertainty in the extrapolation of the dose-response curve to low levels. The uncertainty due to extrapolation is on the order of 10,000 and 1 ,000,000. Other components of the analysis may contribute uncertainties of a few orders of magnitude. In general the largest uncertainties are in the toxicological data base and the manipulation of it needed to estimate risk. The data base and manipulations needed to estimate exposure due to VOCs in drinking water were at the more an order to magnitude in uncertainty. (Author 's abstract) JF - Environment International Vol. 12, No. 6, p 643-647, 1986. 2 tab, 37 ref. AU - Cothern, C R AU - Coniglio, WA AU - Marcus, W L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Data interpretation KW - Risk assessment KW - Uncertainty KW - Estimating KW - Regulations KW - Technology KW - Water pollution effects KW - Toxicity KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19033783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Development+of+Quantitative+Estimates+of+Uncertainty+in+Environmental+Risk+Assessments+When+the+Scientific+Data+Base+is+Inadequate&rft.au=Cothern%2C+C+R%3BConiglio%2C+WA%3BMarcus%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Cothern&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Destruction of Dioxin-Containing Wastes in a Mobile Incineration System AN - 19025453; 8708490 AB - Over 40 sites contaminated at levels above 1.0 part per billion by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) were identified in the state of Missouri. Most of these sites were identified more than ten years after their contamination as a result of the waste disposal practices of an industrial producer of hexachlorophene. The high contamination levels found attest to the stability and persistance of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in the environment. A transportable rotary kiln incineration system was proposed as a method of remedial action. A description of the system and the results of its evaluation were presented. During the trials, 1750 gallons of chlorinated dioxin-contaminated liquid and more than 40 tons of chlorinated dioxin-contaminated soils were burned in the incinerator. These materials contained up to 357 ppm of the highly toxic 2,3,7,8-TCDD isomer and in each case its destruction and removal efficiency was shown to be greater than 99.9999%. 2,3,7,8-TCDD was not detected either in the stack gas or in any of the other major waste streams including the kiln ash, the cleanable high-efficiency air filter , and the wastewater. It was concluded that the rotary kiln/secondary combustion technology can be used safely and effectively to detoxify both solid and liquid wastes contaminated by 2,3,7,8-TCDD. (See also W87-08471) (Wood-PTT) JF - Chlorinated Dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Perspective, Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea MI. 1986. p 511-518, 2 fig, 5 tab, 11 ref. AU - Kleopfer, R D AU - Hazel, R H AU - Freestone, F J AU - des Rosiers, PE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Kansas City, MO. Region VII Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Waste disposal KW - Incineration KW - Industrial wastes KW - Dioxin KW - Path of pollutants KW - Missouri KW - Soil contamination KW - Hazardous materials KW - Toxins KW - Evaluation KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Detoxification KW - Decontamination KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19025453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Destruction+of+Dioxin-Containing+Wastes+in+a+Mobile+Incineration+System&rft.au=Kleopfer%2C+R+D%3BHazel%2C+R+H%3BFreestone%2C+F+J%3Bdes+Rosiers%2C+PE&rft.aulast=Kleopfer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - State and Federal Roles Under the Clean Water Act AN - 19021556; 8705291 AB - The Clean Water Act has created a comprehensive program to control water pollution by prohibiting any point source discharge to surface waters without a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. States may administer their own permit programs if the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approves them as meeting minimum standards of federal law and implementing regulations. The EPA maintains oversight responsibility of state programs that are found to comply with federal requirements. The EPA has focused its attention primarily on new state programs, and resource limitations have hampered its ability to review the adequacy of on-going programs. A reevaluation of existing programs has identified problems in the areas of adequacy and completeness of state legal authority to issue NPDES permits and effectively enforce against violations of those permits, backlogs in the issuance of permits and funding and staffing limitations of state NPDES programs. It is recommended that cooperation between the EPA and states be strengthened in order to improve the effectiveness of state-administered NPDES programs. (Michael-PTT) JF - Natural Resources and Environment Vol. 1, No. 4, p 19-22, Winter 1986. AU - Cherney, C T AU - Wardzinski, K M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1986/01// PY - 1986 DA - Jan 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water law KW - Clean Water Act KW - State jurisdiction KW - Federal jurisdiction KW - Permits KW - Environmental policy KW - Environmental management KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Regulations KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19021556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=State+and+Federal+Roles+Under+the+Clean+Water+Act&rft.au=Cherney%2C+C+T%3BWardzinski%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Cherney&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Private Enforcement of the Clean Water Act AN - 19017827; 8705294 AB - The level of citizen enforcement has increased under the Clean Water Act for violations arising under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program. The citizen suits provision authorizes any person with an interest that may be adversely affected to commence a civil action against a discharger that may be violating an effluent limit. Notice of the alleged violation must be given to the Environmental Protection Agency 60 days before commencing the action. Between 1978 and 1984, 236 citizen notices were received by EPA, and more than 60% of all citizen actions since 1978 have been brought under the Clean Water Act. Reasons for this high level of cases include persistent noncompliance, compilation and public availability of self-monitoring reports which contain evidence of violations and the availability of civil penalties. Citizen suits and the precedents established by them can affect government enforcement actions. Issues surrounding citizen suits include whether violations cited in monitoring reports are sufficient to support a plaintiff 's motion for summary judgment in the issue of liability and the factors involved in assessing civil penalties. The extent to which private enforcement influences EPA 's enforcement programs depends on agency resources. Although EPA 's policy on specific citizen suit issues is still evolving, it continues to support efforts from any party which help ensure compliance with Clean Water Act requirements. (Michael-PTT) JF - Natural Resources and the Environment Vol. 1, No. 4, p 31-33, 59-61, Winter 1986. AU - Price, C M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1986/01// PY - 1986 DA - Jan 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water law KW - Public rights KW - Clean Water Act KW - Regulations KW - Civil law KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Citizen suits KW - Public access KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19017827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Private+Enforcement+of+the+Clean+Water+Act&rft.au=Price%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control of Ozone Disinfection by Exhaust Gas Monitoring AN - 19011286; 8706512 AB - This paper demonstrates empirically that disinfection of municipal wastewater with ozone can be controlled by monitoring the exhaust gas ozone concentration exiting the contactor. This method is more reliable than measuring dissolved ozone because of the inherent difficulties and inadequacies of state-of-the-art dissolved residual techniques. The advantages of measuring exhaust gas ozone are summarized as follows: True ozone is being measured, free of interferences; ozone demand of the effluent and transfer efficiency of the contactor are automatically accounted for in one measurement; the method is easily automated; instruments are already available for measuring ozone in the gas phase with accuracy, precision, and low level sensitivity; and ozone is more stable in the gaseous phase than in the liquid phase, and consequently the operator does not have to concern himself with dissipation of the ozone from the time it leaves the contactor to the time it arrives at the analyzer. It is emphasized that exhaust gas monitoring is applicable only if the gas-to-liquid flow ratio is held constant. The control loop then is envisioned as follows: a flow-proportional measurement signals a change in the gas flow rate from the ozone generator to the contactor as the liquid flow rate changes, thereby keeping the ratio constant; and, as ozone concentration in the exhaust gas changes either as a result of a change in demand of the effluent or a change in flow conditions, a signal is sent to the ozone generator to change the power or frequency input accordingly. Thus, disinfection is controlled easily, reliably, and with confidence. The effect this control strategy has on the cost of ozone production has yet to be evaluated. The data were obtained using a plug flow bubble diffuser contactor. There is no reason to believe, however, that the control strategy would not be applicable to other types of ozone contactors as well. (See also W87-06492) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Analytical Aspects of Ozone Treatment of Water and Wastewater, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea Michigan. 1986. p 303-314, 5 fig, 2 tab, 11 ref. AU - Venosa, AD AU - Meckes, M C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Water Engineering Research Lab Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Ozone KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Disinfection KW - Monitoring KW - Water quality control KW - Ozonation KW - Gas chromatography KW - Flow rates KW - Chemical analysis KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19011286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Control+of+Ozone+Disinfection+by+Exhaust+Gas+Monitoring&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BMeckes%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decomposition by Planktonic and Attached Microorganisms Improves Chemical Fate Models AN - 19006747; 8705643 AB - Terms for decomposition by both suspended and attached microorganisms were included in a model to calculate the fate of chemicals in aquatic systems. This model differs from previous models primarily by the inclusion of a term for decomposition by aufwuchs in addition to a term for decomposition by planktonic microorganisms. Decomposition by aufwuchs is represented as occurring at a rate limited by the serial processes of transport to a planar surface and decomposition at the surface. Two sets of experiments were conducted using replicate laboratory microcosms, each maintained with six different environments. The predictive capability was good, as indicated by the absence of statistically detectable differences between predictions and laboratory measurements. In making the predictions, a set of parameters describing the characteristics of the chemical was required. Included in these parameters were the rate coefficients for the two microbial decomposition terms. With both microbial decomposition terms included, the fate model accounted satisfactorily for observed methyl parathion concentrations using only a single, environment-independent rate coefficient for each term. (Author 's abstract) JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ETOCDK Vol. 5, No. 1, p 29-39, January 1986. 6 tab, 12 ref. AU - Lassiter, R R AU - Parrish, R S AU - Burns, LA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Athens, GA. Environmental Services Div Y1 - 1986/01// PY - 1986 DA - Jan 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Biodegradation KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Model studies KW - Decomposition KW - Plankton KW - Microorganisms KW - Model testing KW - Aufwuchs KW - Prediction KW - Transport KW - Population exposure KW - Risk assessment KW - Organic compounds KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19006747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Decomposition+by+Planktonic+and+Attached+Microorganisms+Improves+Chemical+Fate+Models&rft.au=Lassiter%2C+R+R%3BParrish%2C+R+S%3BBurns%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Lassiter&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drinking-Water Contribution to Natural Background Radiation AN - 19000328; 8703084 AB - The average concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides in drinking water are estimated from recent measurement and are used to estimate the annual effective dose equivalent associated with drinking water due to the different radionuclides. The annual effective dose equivalents are determined from the annual intake of these radionuclides using dosimetric information based on International Commission for Radiological Protection Publication 30 dosimetric models and cohort analysis considering risk coefficients developed by the Environmental Protection Agency using data from the report of the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation Committee (BEIR III) of the National Academy of Sciences. The resulting contribution from drinking water sources to the annual effective dose equivalent is in the range of 0.002 to 0.05 mSv/yr (0.2-5 millirem/yr) for those using community drinking water supplies (approximately 216 million people in the United States). The contribution to the annual effective dose equivalent for Rn-222 dissolved in water is in the range 0.8-30 microSv/yr (0.08-3 millirem/yr) based on the inhalation pathway following the release Rn-222 from drinking water. (Author 's abstract) JF - Health Physics HLTPAO Vol. 50, No. 1, p 33-47, January 1986. 6 tab, 36 ref, append. AU - Cothern, C R AU - Lappenbusch, W L AU - Michel, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1986/01// PY - 1986 DA - Jan 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Radon KW - Radionuclides KW - Drinking water KW - Background radiation KW - Dosimetry KW - Radiation exposure KW - Public health KW - International Commission on Radiological Protection KW - Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation Committee KW - National Academy of Sciences KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Radon-222 KW - Annual effective dose equivalent KW - Dosimetric models KW - Cohort analysis KW - Radioisotopes KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19000328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Drinking-Water+Contribution+to+Natural+Background+Radiation&rft.au=Cothern%2C+C+R%3BLappenbusch%2C+W+L%3BMichel%2C+J&rft.aulast=Cothern&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical Forms of Arsenic in Marine Organisms, with Emphasis on Hemifusus Species AN - 18994197; 8605374 AB - Investigations of arsenic in spindle shells (Hemifusus tuba and H. ternatanus) in Hong Kong, have revealed moderate to high concentrations of total arsenic in soft tissues. Levels of inorganic arsenic vary considerably between the tissues in these gastropods, being very high in the gill, but much lower in the foot. The significance of these data in terms of public health is discussed. In addition, the uptake of inorganic arsenic from solution by H. tuba is described. The importance of the precise chemical speciation of arsenic in marine biota is emphasized, and the forms of the element reported to date in marine environments are reviewed. A novel hypothesis is described to account for the derivation of all forms of arsenic found in marine organisms to the present. It is proposed that each of these arsenic-containing compounds is produced by a single anabolic/catabolic pathway concerned with the synthesis and turnover of phosphatidylcholine. This phospholipid (which is a major component of cell membranes) may be synthesized by most organisms either directly from choline or by the (triple) methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine. If both the initial substrates of these pathways (choline and ethanolamine) were to exist in biota as their arsenic analogues (As(+) replacing N), the biosynthesis would proceed. Such a proposal accounts not only for the reported existence of arsenolipids, arsenocholine and arsenobetaine, but might also explain the derivation of arseno-sugars in algae. The methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine is a 3-stage process involving S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl group donor and the enzyme phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase. It is hypothesized that in algae, the presence of the arsenic atom in the substrate analogue causes steric interference between the second and third methylation steps. As a result, the reaction could proceed by attack of the S-CH2 bond between the methionine and the sugar moieties, rather than the S-CH3 bond normally attacked. This would give rise to a complex intermediate. The relationship of this intermediate to documented arseno-sugars is apparent. Oxidation of the diacylglycerophosphate-containing and replacement of the adenine moiety by alternative groups (related to substrates used in phospholipid biosynthesis) would give rise to the arseno-sugars as reported in kelp and giant clams. (Lantz-PTT) JF - Water Science and Technology WSTED4 Vol. 18, Nos. 4/5, p 213-222, 1986. 5 fig, 1 tab, 68 ref. AU - Phillips, DJH AU - Depledge, M H AD - Environmental Protection Agency Kowloon (Hong Kong) Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Arsenic KW - Marine animals KW - Chemical composition KW - Spindle shells KW - Tissue analysis KW - Chemical analysis KW - Gastropods KW - Chemical reactions KW - Algae KW - Public health KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18994197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Chemical+Forms+of+Arsenic+in+Marine+Organisms%2C+with+Emphasis+on+Hemifusus+Species&rft.au=Phillips%2C+DJH%3BDepledge%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=DJH&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic Contaminants in Groundwater AN - 18989127; 8604617 AB - Organochlorine solvents, pesticides, or petroleum distillates are being detected in up to 20% or more of the groundwater sources of drinking water in the United States. Two of the five states in EPA Region VI, New Mexico and Texas, have an organic monitoring program under way, but it will take from two to five years to sample all the wells. Water purveyors can facilitate this program by installing a sample tap at each wellhead. Some states, such as Connecticut, Florida, California, and New Jersey have proposed (and in some cases promulgated) regulations concerning routine testing for organic chemicals in community water supplies. The EPA in 1985 proposed maximum contaminant levels for eight volatile organic chemicals (seven organohalides and one aromatic compound) along with a monitoring requirement for several dozen organic compounds that, if present, would be detected during the analysis for the 8 volatile compounds with proposed maximum concentration levels. Recommended maximum contaminant levels are being proposed for several additional synthetic organic chemicals. (Geiger-PTT) JF - Southwest and Texas Water Works Journal STWJDC Vol. 67, No. 10, p 6-8, January 1986. 1 fig, 3 tab, 12 ref. AU - Love, OTJr AD - Environmental Protection Agency Dallas, TX. Region VI Y1 - 1986/01// PY - 1986 DA - Jan 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Organic compounds KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Monitoring KW - Test wells KW - Water quality standards KW - Organic solvents KW - Organic pesticides KW - Drinking water KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18989127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Organic+Contaminants+in+Groundwater&rft.au=Love%2C+OTJr&rft.aulast=Love&rft.aufirst=OTJr&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological Impact of an Oil Spill: Utilization of Biological Indicators AN - 18985978; 8605373 AB - The effects of the ' Amoco Cadiz ' oil spill on the fine sand ecosystem are evaluated by means of macrofauna which represent medium hydrodynamic conditions. Different species were classified in ecological groups according to their sensitivity to hydrocarbons and to organic matter overload. The two parameters, specific richness and abundance per square meter, indicate the structure of the macrofauna population, while a third parameter, the biomass, can also be used. The study of these factors and their evolution in time, as well as the ecological groups, enables definition of the degradation, recolonization and restructuring conditions. Finally, predators such as fish juveniles, regulate these communities. Six years after the ' Amoco Cadiz ' oil spill, even if this fine sand ecosystem reaches a new equilibrium, it is still too early for the regulation processes by predators to take place. (Lantz-PTT) JF - Water Science and Technology WSTED4 Vol. 18, Nos. 4/5, p 203-211, 1986. 9 fig, 14 ref, append. AU - Glemarec, M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Kowloon (Hong Kong) Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Oil spills KW - Ecological effects KW - Bioindicators KW - Sand KW - Toxicity KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Water pollution effects KW - Organic matter KW - Fauna KW - Biomass KW - Equilibrium KW - Degradation KW - Oil pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18985978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Ecological+Impact+of+an+Oil+Spill%3A+Utilization+of+Biological+Indicators&rft.au=Glemarec%2C+M&rft.aulast=Glemarec&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative Removal of Toxic Pollutants by Six Wastewater Treatment Processes AN - 18984712; 8605016 AB - The capabilities of five less-than-secondary treatment processes (high-rate trickling filter system, primary treatment with chemical addition, direct filtration of primary effluent, aerated lagoon, and facultative lagoon) were evaluated for removal of priority pollutants and partition and interaction of organics within the systems were determined. A conventional activated sludge system was operated in parallel to provide a control for comparison of the alternative processes. The control activated sludge process provided the best removals of both conventional pollutants and toxic priority pollutants. The facultative lagoon with its long detention time was the most successful alternative process. The aerated lagoon with a shorter detention time was less effective than the facultative lagoon. The high-rate trickling filter system was less effective than the lagoons. The chemical clarification system and the primary plus filtration system removed only those toxics associated with wastewater solids. These two systems would not be good choices for removal of toxic priority pollutants. Selected alternative processes may be acceptable in site-specific situations, where toxic removal requirements are limited because of consistently low influent concentrations of toxic chemicals and where water quality criteria are not overly restrictive. (Rochester-PTT) JF - Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation Vol. 58, No. 1, p 27-34, January 1986. 14 tab, 9 ref. AU - Hannah, SA AU - Austern, B M AU - Eralp, A E AU - Wise, R H AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH Y1 - 1986/01// PY - 1986 DA - Jan 1986 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Toxins KW - Priority pollutants KW - Activated sludge KW - Trickling filters KW - Filtration KW - Aerated lagoons KW - Facultative lagoons KW - Organic matter KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Pilot plants KW - Wastewater facilities KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18984712?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Comparative+Removal+of+Toxic+Pollutants+by+Six+Wastewater+Treatment+Processes&rft.au=Hannah%2C+SA%3BAustern%2C+B+M%3BEralp%2C+A+E%3BWise%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Hannah&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of Landfill Leachate At Publicly Owned Treatment Works AN - 1777168986; 13510972 AB - This project investigates the discharge of landfill leachate into a municipal wastewater collection system with subsequent treatment at the municipal treatment plant. Leachates from disposal sites can be mixed with municipal wastewater and treated by wastewater treatment plants using secondary aerobic treatment. The leachates are effluents, high in organic content which are in many instances similar to industrial effluents. Experimental studies with simulated landfill leachate have shown that if a wastewater treatment plant is to accept this type of effluent, the following conditions must be met. First, air supply and oxygen transfer capacity must be sufficient to maintain aerobic conditions within the aeration basin with the increase in the organic loads. Second, sufficient nutrient concentrations (especially phosphorus) must be observed in order to maintain necessary operating conditions. JF - Waste Management & Research AU - Schuk, Walter W AU - James, Stephen C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, U.S.A Y1 - 1986///0, PY - 1986 DA - 0, 1986 SP - 265 EP - 277 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 0734-242X, 0734-242X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Leachate KW - landfill KW - municipal wastewater treatment systems. KW - Collection KW - Landfills KW - Simulation KW - Basins KW - Waste water KW - Effluents KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Municipal landfills UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777168986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HONG+KONG+ENGINEER.&rft.atitle=Vegetation+establishment+on+hostile+sites.&rft.au=Ashcroft%2C+B&rft.aulast=Ashcroft&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HONG+KONG+ENGINEER.&rft.issn=16079183&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242X8600400133 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Industrial Waste Management At the Swedish Facility in Norrtorp AN - 1777090019; 13510986 AB - The central industrial waste treatment and disposal facility located at Norrtorp, Sweden is presented. Kinds and quantity of waste, regional collection sites, path of waste through the plant, design of incinerator and operating philosophy are discussed. Emission of process water and its quality along with the continuously monitored incineration parameters is part of this paper as is a comparison of emissions from the Norrtorp operations with those from autos and other sources in the country. Start-up problems are presented along with conclusions on operations to date. JF - Waste Management & Research AU - Carnes, Richard A AU - Bergstroem, Jan AU - Aittola, Jussi-Pekka AD - Environmental Scientist, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, U.S.A Y1 - 1986///0, PY - 1986 DA - 0, 1986 SP - 347 EP - 359 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 0734-242X, 0734-242X KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Sweden KW - Norrtorp KW - industrial waste KW - incineration KW - collection sites KW - waste treatment KW - design KW - operation KW - emissions. KW - Collection KW - Industrial wastes KW - Automotive components KW - Automotive industry KW - Wastes KW - Emission KW - Waste management KW - Combustion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777090019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.atitle=Industrial+Waste+Management+At+the+Swedish+Facility+in+Norrtorp&rft.au=Carnes%2C+Richard+A%3BBergstroem%2C+Jan%3BAittola%2C+Jussi-Pekka&rft.aulast=Carnes&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.issn=0734242X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0734242X8600400154 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242X8600400154 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological changes in the Southern California Bight near a large sewage outfall: Benthic conditions in 1980 and 1983. AN - 14816824; 1660146 AB - The structure of the macrobenthic community, sediment toxicity, and sediment contamination changed greatly between 1980 and 1983 along a pollution gradient from the Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts' (LACSD) sewage outfalls on the Palos Verdes Shelf, California, USA to a reference site in northern Santa Monica Bay. Stimulation of the species richness, biomass, and density of the benthos along the 60 m contour 5 to 11 km from the outfalls was significantly reduced in 1983 when compared to 1980. Stations 1 to 3 km from the outfalls in 1980 were occupied by a depauperate fauna strongly dominated by the opportunistic polychaete Capitella spp. In 1983 species richness and biomass significantly increased close to the outfalls, Capitella spp. was much less abundant. Sediment contamination by most measured chemicals and parameters of organic enrichment decreased on the Palos Verdes Shelf, but not at the reference station, between 1980 and 1983. JF - Marine ecology progress series. Oldendorf AU - Swartz, R C AU - Cole, F A AU - Schults, D W AU - DeBen, WA AD - U.S. EPA, Mark O.Hatfield Mar. Sci. Cent., Newport, OR 97365, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - INE, USA, California, Palos Verde Shelf KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - community composition KW - Tharyx KW - Capitella KW - marine pollution KW - outfalls KW - Parvilucina tenuisculpta KW - pollution effects KW - zoobenthos KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14816824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+ecology+progress+series.+Oldendorf&rft.atitle=Ecological+changes+in+the+Southern+California+Bight+near+a+large+sewage+outfall%3A+Benthic+conditions+in+1980+and+1983.&rft.au=Swartz%2C+R+C%3BCole%2C+F+A%3BSchults%2C+D+W%3BDeBen%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Swartz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+ecology+progress+series.+Oldendorf&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Incl. 31 ref. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - community composition; marine pollution; outfalls; pollution effects; zoobenthos; Tharyx; Capitella; Parvilucina tenuisculpta; Marine ER - TY - CONF T1 - Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) study: Personal exposures, indoor-outdoor relationships, and breath levels of volatile organic compounds in New Jersey. AN - 14803914; 1651910 AB - A total of 20 toxic, carcinogenic, or mutagenic organic compounds were measured in the air and drinking water of 355 residents of Bayonne and Elizabeth, New Jersey, in the fall of 1981. The participants were selected from over 10,000 residents screened by a probability sampling technique to represent 128,000 persons (over the age of seven) who live in the two neighboring cities. Over one hundred geographic areas throughout the two cities were selected for monitoring. Each participant carried a personal sampler with him during his normal daily activities for two consecutive 12-h periods. All participants also collected two drinking water samples. At the end of the 24-h sampling period, all participants gave a sample of exhaled breath, which was analyzed for the same compounds. All participants also completed a questionnaire on their age, sex, occupations and activities during the sampling period. An extensive quality assurance program was carried out on all sampling/analysis activities. JF - Environment International AU - Wallace, LA AU - Pellizzari, ED AU - Hartwell, T D AU - Whitmore, R AU - Sparacino, C AU - Zelon, H Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 369 EP - 387 VL - 12 IS - 1-4 KW - TEAM KW - New Jersey, Elizabeth KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - volatile organic compounds KW - monitoring methods KW - air sampling KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14803914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Total+Exposure+Assessment+Methodology+%28TEAM%29+study%3A+Personal+exposures%2C+indoor-outdoor+relationships%2C+and+breath+levels+of+volatile+organic+compounds+in+New+Jersey.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+LA%3BPellizzari%2C+ED%3BHartwell%2C+T+D%3BWhitmore%2C+R%3BSparacino%2C+C%3BZelon%2C+H&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Indoor air quality. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - The Environmental Protection Agency's research program on total human exposure. AN - 14792575; 1652156 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) research program on total human exposure to environmental pollution seeks to develop a newly emerging concept in the environmental sciences. Instead of focusing purely on the sources of pollution of their transport and movement through the environment, this research focuses on human beings as the receptors of these pollutants. People and daily activities become the center of attention. The methodology measures and models the pollutant concentrations found at the physical boundaries of people, regardless of whether the pollutants arrive through the air, water, food, or skin. JF - Environment International AU - Ott, W AU - Wallace, L AU - Mage, D AU - Akland, G Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 475 EP - 494 VL - 12 IS - 1-4 KW - pollutant detection KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - research programs KW - risk assessment KW - air pollution KW - public health KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14792575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=The+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+research+program+on+total+human+exposure.&rft.au=Ott%2C+W%3BWallace%2C+L%3BMage%2C+D%3BAkland%2C+G&rft.aulast=Ott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Indoor air quality. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - A rebuttal to criticism of "a quantitative estimate of nonsmokers" lung cancer risk from passive smoking". AN - 14791740; 1650690 AB - It appears that indoor air pollution from tobacco combustion products presents a public health threat of sufficient magnitude to merit serious concern by the public health community, by public officials considering legislation and regulation for the common welfare, and by citizens concerned for their health. JF - Environment International AU - Repace, J L AU - Lowrey, AH Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 33 EP - 38 VL - 12 IS - 1-4 KW - passive smoking KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - legislation KW - environmental protection KW - air quality KW - public health KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SE4.26:DRUGS AND ALCOHOL KW - H SM10.21:CANCER KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14791740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=A+rebuttal+to+criticism+of+%22a+quantitative+estimate+of+nonsmokers%22+lung+cancer+risk+from+passive+smoking%22.&rft.au=Repace%2C+J+L%3BLowrey%2C+AH&rft.aulast=Repace&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Indoor air quality. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Absorption, distribution, and excretion of super(14)C-trihalomethanes in mice and rats. AN - 14731446; 1583779 AB - Chloroform was not mutagenic in the Ames bioassay using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and TA1535. Bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and bromoform demonstrated a dose-related mutagenic response. Differences in biological responses between mice and rats have been attributed to differences in their relative rates of TCM metabolism. Several predictive studies estimate that the mouse metabolizes TCM at a significantly different rate than the rat. This study was initiated to determine the absorption, distribution, and excretion characteristics of four trihalomethanes (TCM, TBM, DBCM and BDCM) using the carbon 14 labeled compounds under identical experimental conditions in both the mouse and rat. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Mink, F L AU - Brown, T J AU - Rickabaugh, J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Criteria and Assess. Off., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 752 EP - 758 VL - 37 IS - 5 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - distribution KW - excretion KW - trihalomethanes KW - mice KW - rats KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - absorption KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14731446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Absorption%2C+distribution%2C+and+excretion+of+super%2814%29C-trihalomethanes+in+mice+and+rats.&rft.au=Mink%2C+F+L%3BBrown%2C+T+J%3BRickabaugh%2C+J&rft.aulast=Mink&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=752&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; mice; rats ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air toxics. AN - 14681413; 1546876 AB - Three major analyses were undertaken to estimate cancer incidence and individual lifetime risk; each included a separate set of compounds, although there was considerable overlap. The first study used ambient data for five metals, 10 volatile organic compounds, and benzo(a)pyrene (B alpha )P) to assess these risks. Two other analyses used emission estimates and exposure models to assess the incidence of the cancer and the maximum individual risk associated with the pollutants selected. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Berry, D K AD - Off. Air Qual. Plann. and Stand., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 647 EP - 651 VL - 20 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - benzo(a)pyrene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - asbestos KW - hazardous materials KW - volatile organic compounds KW - risk assessment KW - cancer KW - public health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14681413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Air+toxics.&rft.au=Berry%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cancer; risk assessment; volatile organic compounds; asbestos; hazardous materials; public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative evaluation of three rapid marine toxicity tests: Sea urchin early embryo growth test, sea urchin sperm cell toxicity test and microtox. AN - 14678926; 1545691 AB - Three rapid marine toxicity tests were evaluated to determine their potential usefulness in a toxicity testing program: early embryo growth test and sperm cell toxicity test, both using the sea urchin Arbacia punctulata , and microtox. Toxicity values (EC50s) were derived for eight organic chemicals and five metals using each system. Results were compared with LC50 values for the same chemicals from standard aquatic tests with Pimephales promelas and Daphnia magna and for the metals with Menidia menidia and Mysidopsis bahia . The EC50 values for the sea urchin early embryo growth test for organics and the LC50 values for fish and crustaceans for organics and metals with which the rapid tests were compared were from the literature. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nacci, D AU - Jackim, E AU - Walsh, R AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 521 EP - 526 VL - 5 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - comparative studies KW - evaluation KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Mysidopsis bahia KW - Daphnia magna KW - Arbacia punctulata KW - Pimephales promelas KW - organic compounds KW - embryos KW - toxicity KW - Menidia menidia KW - marine organisms KW - growth KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14678926?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparative+evaluation+of+three+rapid+marine+toxicity+tests%3A+Sea+urchin+early+embryo+growth+test%2C+sea+urchin+sperm+cell+toxicity+test+and+microtox.&rft.au=Nacci%2C+D%3BJackim%2C+E%3BWalsh%2C+R&rft.aulast=Nacci&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; embryos; comparative studies; toxicity; toxicity tests; marine organisms; evaluation; growth; Pimephales promelas; Mysidopsis bahia; Arbacia punctulata; Menidia menidia; Daphnia magna; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-performance liquid chromatography separation of chlordecone and its metabolites. AN - 14674206; 1546110 AB - High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to separate chlordecone (Kepone), and two of its metabolites, hydrochlordecone and dihydrochlordecone. Elution of the three peaks occurred after the solvent concentration reach 100% m ethanol and was maintained at 100% for approximately five minutes. The method was linear for chlordecone in the concentration range of 10 to 100 mu g. JF - Chromatographia AU - George, SE AU - King, L C AU - Claxton, L D AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Mail Drop 68, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 165 EP - 167 VL - 22 IS - 1-6 SN - 0009-5893, 0009-5893 KW - chlordecone KW - kepone KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - liquid chromatography KW - chemical analysis KW - separation processes KW - H SE5.20:INSECTICIDES KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14674206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EOS%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+models+for+toxic+substances+in+rivers.&rft.au=Barnwell%2C+TO%3BAmbrose%2C+R+B%3BMulkey%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Barnwell&rft.aufirst=TO&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=45&rft.spage=698&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EOS%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liquid chromatography; separation processes; chemical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The United States Environmental Protection Agency's guidelines for applicator exposure monitoring. AN - 14665082; 1522398 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s proposed guidelines for studies which estimate worker exposure to pesticides during application and related work activities are discussed. These guidelines are intended to aid pesticide registrants in conducting occupational exposure monitoring studies for pesticide applicators at indoor and outdoor sites. The Agency's rationale for requiring exposure to be monitored with passive dosimetry techniques or by biological is described. The practical and theoretical advantages and disadvantages of both approaches are also discussed. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Reinert, J C AU - Nielsen, A P AU - Lunchick, C AU - Hernandez, O AU - Mazzetta, D M AD - Exposure Assess. Branch, Hazard Eval. Div. (TS-769C), Off. Pestic. Programs, US EPA, 401 M St., S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 183 EP - 191 VL - 33 IS - 103 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - monitoring KW - guidelines KW - monitoring methods KW - occupational health KW - federal programs KW - EPA KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - occupational exposure KW - pesticides KW - H SE5.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - H SI0.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14665082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=The+United+States+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+guidelines+for+applicator+exposure+monitoring.&rft.au=Reinert%2C+J+C%3BNielsen%2C+A+P%3BLunchick%2C+C%3BHernandez%2C+O%3BMazzetta%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Reinert&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=103&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides; occupational exposure; monitoring methods; occupational health; federal programs; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of low subchronic doses of methoxychlor on the rat hypothalamic-pituitary reproductive axis. AN - 14660027; 1523387 AB - The pesticide methoxychlor (MXC) is known to posses a weak estrogenic action and has been found to have a number of toxic effects on the rodent reproductive system, primarily at the gonadal level. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of MXC on the pituitary and hypothalamic components of the male reproductive system at dose levels that were without detectable testicular effects. At 21 days, male Long-Evans rats were gavaged daily with 25 or 50 mg/kg MXC in corn oil. Controls received vehicle only. After 8 weeks of dosing, no significant changes were seen in serum LH, FSH, or prolactin, nor in the pituitary concentrations of LH or FSH. Pituitary prolactin was elevated for both doses, and pituitary fragments perifused in vitro released more prolactin than did controls. The concentration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was higher in the mediobasal hypothalamus, but only for the 50-mg/kg group. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Goldman, J M AU - Cooper, R L AU - Rehnberg, G L AU - Hein, J F AU - McElroy, W K AU - Gray, LE Jr AD - Reprod. Toxicol Branch, MD-72, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 474 EP - 483 VL - 86 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - effects on KW - methoxychlor KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - hypothalamus KW - reproduction KW - pituitary KW - hormones KW - X 24135:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14660027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+low+subchronic+doses+of+methoxychlor+on+the+rat+hypothalamic-pituitary+reproductive+axis.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+J+M%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BRehnberg%2C+G+L%3BHein%2C+J+F%3BMcElroy%2C+W+K%3BGray%2C+LE+Jr&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pituitary; hypothalamus; reproduction; hormones ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Total alkalinity of surface waters: A map of western region. AN - 14634325; 1510779 AB - The authors sought to identify patterns of surface water sensitivity in the conterminous United State by analyzing spatial patterns of surface water alkalinity as an intergrator of the various factors that determine sensitivity. To do so, they assembled available alkalinity data on as many surface waters as necessary and/or possible. They plotted these data on relatively large-scale maps, then they analyzed the patterns in the plotted data for spatial correlations with other characteristics, such as land use, geology, and physiography. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Omernik, J AU - Griffith, G AD - Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 374 EP - 378 VL - 41 IS - 6 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - conservation KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - alkalinity KW - land use KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14634325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Total+alkalinity+of+surface+waters%3A+A+map+of+western+region.&rft.au=Omernik%2C+J%3BGriffith%2C+G&rft.aulast=Omernik&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; surface water; watersheds; land use; conservation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of arm regeneration by Ophioderma brevispina (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) by tributyltin oxide and triphenyltin oxide. AN - 14622039; 1489787 AB - Effects of water-bourne toxicants on regeneration of arms by the brittle star, Ophioderma brevispina , are described. Regeneration was inhibited by 0.1 mu g liter super(-1) bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide and bis(triphenyltin)oxide. Both substances are known to act upon the nervous system, and it is suggested that inhibition was caused by neurotoxicological action of the tin compounds or by their direct effect upon tissue at the breakage point. The former is most likely because regeneration is mediated by the radial nerves of brittle stars. JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety AU - Walsh, GE AU - McLaughlin, L L AU - Louie, M K AU - Deans, CH AU - Lores, E M AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 95 EP - 100 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - animal appendages KW - arm KW - inhibition KW - tin compounds KW - tributyltin oxide KW - triphenyltin oxide KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - regeneration KW - inhibitors KW - neurophysiology KW - Ophioderma brevispina KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14622039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+arm+regeneration+by+Ophioderma+brevispina+%28Echinodermata%2C+Ophiuroidea%29+by+tributyltin+oxide+and+triphenyltin+oxide.&rft.au=Walsh%2C+GE%3BMcLaughlin%2C+L+L%3BLouie%2C+M+K%3BDeans%2C+CH%3BLores%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tin compounds; regeneration; inhibitors; animal appendages; neurophysiology; arm; Ophioderma brevispina; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of short- and long-term sexual reproduction tests with the marine red alga Champia parvula . AN - 14616267; 1489836 AB - A 2-d exposure test using the marine red alga Champia parvula was developed to assess the toxic effects of pollutants entering the marine and estuarine environments. The initial exposure was followed by a 5- to 7-d recovery period to allow the development of any cystocarps (evidence of sexual reproduction, the endpoint measured). The 2-d exposure test was validated by comparison with a previously developed 2-week test in which "no sexual reproduction" was used as the reproductive endpoint. The 2-d procedure is intended for use in testing both single compounds and complex effluents. Complex effluents, however, cannot be accurately tested with the 2-week test; therefore, only single compounds were used to compare the two procedures. All of the single compounds tested, except cadmium, yielded essentially the same results with both tests. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Thursby, G B AU - Steele, R L AD - US EPA, South Ferry Rd., Narragansette, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1013 EP - 1018 VL - 5 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemicals KW - pollutants KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - bioassays KW - reproduction KW - Champia parvula KW - toxicity KW - sexual reproduction KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - K 03063:Effects of physical & chemical factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14616267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+short-+and+long-term+sexual+reproduction+tests+with+the+marine+red+alga+Champia+parvula+.&rft.au=Thursby%2C+G+B%3BSteele%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Thursby&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollutants; toxicity; sexual reproduction; pollutants; bioassays; reproduction; Champia parvula; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rising sea levels: The impact they pose. AN - 14606832; 1476028 AB - For the last several thousand years, the level of the oceans has risen so slowly that for most practical purposes it has been constant. This slow rate of rise has made it possible for ecosystems and human activities in coastal areas to develop more extensively than would otherwise be possible. Whether one is looking at an Ocean City or Rio de Janeiro beach resort, swamps in Louisiana, farmland in Bangladesh, marshes along the Chesapeake Bay, or the merchants of Venice, life along the coast is in a sensitive balance with the level of the seas. JF - EPA Journal AU - Titus, J G AD - EPA, Off. Policy, Plann, and Eval., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 17 EP - 20 VL - 12 IS - 10 KW - sea levels KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - erosion KW - oceans KW - environmental protection KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14606832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Rising+sea+levels%3A+The+impact+they+pose.&rft.au=Titus%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Titus&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - oceans; erosion; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two "killer smogs" the headlines missed. AN - 14602345; 1476125 JF - EPA Journal AU - Popkin, R AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Public Aff., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 27 EP - 29 VL - 12 IS - 10 KW - pollutant detection KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - environmental monitoring KW - mortality KW - smog KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14602345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Two+%22killer+smogs%22+the+headlines+missed.&rft.au=Popkin%2C+R&rft.aulast=Popkin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; smog; mortality; environmental monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is environmental control an expense or an investment?. AN - 14602281; 1476067 AB - In a report published in January 1986, MISI concluded that pollution abatement has not only provided environmental benefits, it has also provided the impetus for a multi-billion dollar industry. If the industry were concentrated in one company, it would rank near the very top of the Fortune 500. JF - EPA Journal AU - Bronkema, D AD - US EPA, Off. Public Aff., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 30 EP - 31 VL - 12 IS - 10 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - economics KW - environmental protection KW - resource management KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14602281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Is+environmental+control+an+expense+or+an+investment%3F.&rft.au=Bronkema%2C+D&rft.aulast=Bronkema&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental protection; economics; resource management; pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Siting considerations for hazardous waste facilities. AN - 14601043; 1475658 AB - Since the publication of Silent Spring in 1962, the debate over the creation and management of hazardous substances had heightened, with revelations of environmental disasters as frightening as any Carson has envisioned. The "disaster" at Love Canal, N.Y., which displaced an entire population and devastated both property values and people's lives, is perhaps the most graphic of incidents burdening the public conscience. Love Canal, because of the media coverage it received, served notice on the nation that the unregulated disposal of hazardous wastes could not continue. Three questions arose in the ensuing public debate: 1) How much waste presently exists? 2) How much is being produced (annually)? 3) How can society manage, reduce, or eliminate this load? This paper is concerned mainly with the third question, specifically with the issue of hazardous waste siting. JF - Environmental Professional AU - Garripoli, Z R AD - Off. Water, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 311 EP - 314 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0191-5398, 0191-5398 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - waste treatment plants KW - environmental protection KW - disposal sites KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14601043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Professional&rft.atitle=Siting+considerations+for+hazardous+waste+facilities.&rft.au=Garripoli%2C+Z+R&rft.aulast=Garripoli&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Professional&rft.issn=01915398&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous materials; waste treatment plants; environmental protection; disposal sites ER - TY - CONF T1 - Products identified at an alternative disinfection pilot plant. AN - 14600376; 1475289 AB - Many drinking water utilities have recently changed or are seriously considering changing their disinfection practice from chlorine to some alternative treatment process. However, most of these utilities are changing their disinfectants without evaluating chemical impacts. Therefore, a research cooperative agreement was developed with Jefferson Parish, LA, to evaluate four parallel streams treated with four different disinfectants (chlorine, monochloramine, chlorine dioxide, and ozone.) These streams, along with a fifth parallel stream, which was not treated with a disinfectant (control), were passed through both sand and granular activated carbon (GAC). JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lykins, BW Jr AU - Koffskey, W Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 119 EP - 128 VL - 69 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - chlorine KW - ozone KW - water treatment plants KW - disinfection KW - microbiology KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14600376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Products+identified+at+an+alternative+disinfection+pilot+plant.&rft.au=Lykins%2C+BW+Jr%3BKoffskey%2C+W&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=BW&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Carcinogenicity of by-products of disinfection in mouse and rat liver. AN - 14600151; 1475037 AB - By-products of disinfection were tested for initiating and/or promoting activity in rat liver by using the rat liver foci bioassay. The assay uses an increased incidence of gamma -glutamyltranspeptidase-positive foci (GGT foci) as an indicator of carcinogenicity. The by-products of disinfection, including chloramine, halogenated humic acids, halogenated ethanes, halogenated acetonitriles, halogenated methanes, halogenated ethylenes, and N-Cl-piperidine, did not initiate GGT foci, which would indicate that they are not capable of initiating carcinogenesis. Chloroform and halogenated benzenes were tested in this assay for their ability to promote the occurrence of GGT foci and tumors initiated by diethylnitrosamine (DENA). Chloroform (1800 ppm in the drinking water) either had no effect or inhibited the occurrence of GGT foci when administered subsequent to a single dose of DENA. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Herren-Freund, S L AU - Pereira, MA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 59 EP - 65 VL - 69 KW - by products KW - potable water KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - mice KW - carcinogenesis KW - disinfection KW - liver KW - chloroform KW - rats KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14600151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Carcinogenicity+of+by-products+of+disinfection+in+mouse+and+rat+liver.&rft.au=Herren-Freund%2C+S+L%3BPereira%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Herren-Freund&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Mechanistic aspects of ingested chlorine dioxide on thyroid function: Impact of oxidants on iodide metabolism. AN - 14600052; 1475685 AB - Toxicological studies dealing with recent findings of health effects of drinking water disinfectants are reviewed. Experiments with monkeys and rodents indicate that the biological activity of ingested disinfectants is expressed via their chemical interaction with the mucosal epithelia, secretory products, and nutritional contents of the alimentary tract. Evidence exists that a principal partner of this redox interaction is the iodide of nutritional origin that is ubiquitous in the gastrointestinal tract. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Bercz, J P AU - Jones, L L AU - Harrington, R M AU - Bawa, R AU - Condie, L Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 249 EP - 255 VL - 69 KW - potable water KW - chlorine dioxide KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazards KW - metabolism KW - toxicology KW - disinfectants KW - public health KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14600052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+aspects+of+ingested+chlorine+dioxide+on+thyroid+function%3A+Impact+of+oxidants+on+iodide+metabolism.&rft.au=Bercz%2C+J+P%3BJones%2C+L+L%3BHarrington%2C+R+M%3BBawa%2C+R%3BCondie%2C+L&rft.aulast=Bercz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Epidermal hyperplasia in mouse skin following treatment with alternative drinking water disinfectants. AN - 14599703; 1475830 AB - Female SENCAR mice were treated with aqueous solutions of hypochlorous acid (HOCl), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorine dioxide (ClO sub(2)), and monochloramine (NH sub(2)Cl) by whole body exposure (except head) for a 10-min period for 4 days in the first experiment and for 1 day (except NH sub(2)Cl) in the second experiment. Animals were sacrificed the day following the last treatment (Experiment 1) or on day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, and 12 following treatment (experiment 2), and skin thickness was measured by light microscopy at x 400 by use of an eyepiece micrometer. Concentrations of disinfectants were 1, 10, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/L, for experiment 1 and 1000 mg/L for experiment 2. Examination of sections of skin treated with HOCl and ClO sub(2) indicated an increase in cell numbers. HOCl and ClO sub(2) are therefore capable of inducing hyperplastic responses in the mouse skin. The basis for the decrease in skin thickness resulting from NH sub(2)Cl treatment remains to be established. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Robinson, M AU - Bull, R J AU - Schamer, M AU - Long, R E Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 293 EP - 300 VL - 69 KW - skin KW - potable water KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - chlorine compounds KW - toxicology KW - disinfectants KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14599703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Epidermal+hyperplasia+in+mouse+skin+following+treatment+with+alternative+drinking+water+disinfectants.&rft.au=Robinson%2C+M%3BBull%2C+R+J%3BSchamer%2C+M%3BLong%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Reproductive toxicology of disinfection by-products. AN - 14599045; 1475488 AB - The chronic exposure of large segments of the population to disinfected drinking water has necessitated an evaluation of the health effects of the by-products of the chlorination process. This paper reviews the available information concerning the reproductive consequences associated with exposure to disinfection by-products. Four groups of compounds are discussed: the trihalomethanes, in particular chloroform; the chlorinated phenols; chlorinated humic substances; and the haloacetonitriles. In the pregnant female, chloroform and the 2- and 2,4-chlorophenols produced low levels of embryo- and fetotoxicity. Chloroform induced terata when administered by inhalation. The chlorinated humic substances and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol were without significant reproductive effects. The haloacetonitriles showed in utero toxicity, becoming more severe with increasing halogen substitution. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Smith, M K AU - Zenick, H AU - George, EL Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 177 EP - 182 VL - 69 KW - by products KW - potable water KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - disinfection KW - toxicology KW - reproduction KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14599045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Reproductive+toxicology+of+disinfection+by-products.&rft.au=Smith%2C+M+K%3BZenick%2C+H%3BGeorge%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Health research needed to resolve scientific issues surrounding drinking water disinfection. AN - 14597344; 1475779 AB - Disinfection of drinking water will most likely continue in the United States in order to prevent exposure to microbial pathogens that can cause infectious disease. However, the emergence of concerns over possible toxicological effects, including cancer, mutagenicity, cardiovascular disease, and reproductive effects, may require that we alter or change the disinfection techniques used in this country. Before we change these practices, we must assess the spectrum of possible health effects and determine the level of risk posed by exposure to chemicals in drinking water, including the disinfectants themselves and the disinfection by-products. This will require a continuing research program to develop the scientific data necessary to resolve these issues. In this paper, the author discusses the microbiological, chemical, toxicological, and epidemiological research that is needed to address these issues. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kleffman, D Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 285 EP - 286 VL - 69 KW - potable water KW - by products KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - disinfection KW - toxicology KW - research programs KW - risk assessment KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14597344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+research+needed+to+resolve+scientific+issues+surrounding+drinking+water+disinfection.&rft.au=Kleffman%2C+D&rft.aulast=Kleffman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global challenges at EPA. AN - 14597229; 1475732 AB - The job of managing and improving the quality of our environment is far from finished. Despite our successes with traditional pollutants, new challenges are at hand. These new challenges are significantly different from those we have already met. They are more subtle and more complex. No longer are we fighting gross emissions from obvious sources. Rather, we are confronting trace toxics in our air, water, and food. We are dealing with the cross-media effects of pollution control-the movement of contaminants from one environmental medium to another. For example, pollutants removed from the water and incinerated may threaten the air. If we place them on the land, they may ultimately contaminate our ground water. JF - EPA Journal AU - Thomas, L M AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 2 EP - 3 VL - 12 IS - 10 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - conservation KW - economics KW - resource management KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14597229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Global+challenges+at+EPA.&rft.au=Thomas%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; pollution control; economics; resource management; conservation ER - TY - CONF T1 - Summation from a regulatory perspective. AN - 14596850; 1475770 AB - There is an urgent need to discuss the Office of Drinking Water's standard-setting or rulemaking process since most of the researchers whose papers are presented here directly or indirectly play a crucial role in this complex undertaking. Therefore, this paper will address the research data required to support policymaking and regulatory decisions pertaining to health effects of disinfectants and disinfection by-products. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ohanian, E V AU - Cotruvo, JA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 281 EP - 284 VL - 69 KW - potable water KW - by products KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - disinfection KW - federal regulations KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14596850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Summation+from+a+regulatory+perspective.&rft.au=Ohanian%2C+E+V%3BCotruvo%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Ohanian&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physical and chemical factors that influence the anaerobic degradation of methyl parathion in sediment systems. AN - 14595193; 1468556 AB - The kinetics of disappearance of methyl parathion (0,0-dimenthyl-0-p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate) were studied in anaerobic sediment samples in the laboratory as a function of methyl parathion concentration, pH and Eh. The disappearance of methyl parathion is described by first-order kinetics and amino methyl parathion (0,0-dimethyl-0-p-aminophenyl phosphorothioate) was identified as a reduction product. In the strongly reducing sediments, the half-lives were on the order of a few minutes. In water isolated from the sediment, no reaction could be detected over the period of a week. Also, there is no apparent correlation between the first-order disappearance rate constants and the pH of the sediment samples. In heat-sterilized sediments, the disappearance rate constants are retarded about two orders of magnitude relative to nonsterile sediments. In chemically treated sediments, first-order disappearance rate constants are comparable to those in the nonsterile system. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Wolfe, N L AU - Kitchens, B E AU - Macalady, D L AU - Grundl, T J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1019 EP - 1026 VL - 5 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - methyl parathion KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - biodegradation KW - biogeochemistry KW - physicochemical properties KW - sediments KW - pesticides KW - kinetics KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2:09445 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14595193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Physical+and+chemical+factors+that+influence+the+anaerobic+degradation+of+methyl+parathion+in+sediment+systems.&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+N+L%3BKitchens%2C+B+E%3BMacalady%2C+D+L%3BGrundl%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1019&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; biogeochemistry; physicochemical properties; sediments; pesticides; kinetics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pituitary function following treatment with reproductive toxins. AN - 14593961; 1478955 AB - Appropriate regulation of reproductive processes are dependent upon the integrity of pituitary function. In this selected review, the authors evaluate the evidence that certain environmental compounds exert their effect on reproductive function via a direct action on the pituitary gland. They also discuss examples of changes in pituitary hormone secretion that occur in response to changes in neuronal or gonadal control of the pituitary. A limited number of studies suggest that measures of pituitary hormone secretion provide an early and sensitive measure of a compound's potential effects on the reproductive system. However, the most striking aspect of this area is the sparse and inconsistent information describing pituitary function following exposure to environmental pollutants. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives [ENVIRON. HEALTH PERSPECT.]. 1986. AU - Cooper, R L AU - Goldman, J M AU - Rehnberg, G L AD - Endocrinol./Gerontol. Sect., Health Eff. Res. Lab., US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - role KW - reproductive systems KW - pituitary KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - reproduction KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14593961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Toxicology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Cooper%2C+R+L%3BGoldman%2C+J+M%3BRehnberg%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Pituitary+function+following+treatment+with+reproductive+toxins.&rft.title=Pituitary+function+following+treatment+with+reproductive+toxins.&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; toxicity; reproduction; pituitary ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The science of global pollution. AN - 14592729; 1477880 JF - EPA Journal AU - Hoffman, J S AU - Wells, B AU - Seidel AD - EPA, Off. Policy, Plann., and Eval., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 24 EP - 25 VL - 12 IS - 10 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - stratosphere KW - meteorology KW - boundary layers KW - environmental protection KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14592729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=The+science+of+global+pollution.&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+J+S%3BWells%2C+B%3BSeidel&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; stratosphere; environmental protection; boundary layers; meteorology ER - TY - CONF T1 - Water disinfection: Microbes versus molecules--an introduction of issues. AN - 14589833; 1474872 AB - The goal of this paper is to introduce the issues associated with disinfectants and disinfectant by-products in water. This will be done by presenting a historical overview of the use of chemical disinfectants to purify drinking water and the subsequent awareness of potential health concerns. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Fowle, J R AU - Kopfler, F C Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 3 EP - 6 VL - 69 KW - potable water KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - disinfectants KW - purification KW - chemical treatment KW - public health KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14589833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Water+disinfection%3A+Microbes+versus+molecules--an+introduction+of+issues.&rft.au=Fowle%2C+J+R%3BKopfler%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Fowle&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lugworm (Arenicola cristata ) larvae in toxicity tests: Survival and development when exposed to organotins. AN - 14588083; 1467752 AB - A test is described for the exposure of the lugworm Arenicola cristata to toxicants. Embryos of A. cristata were exposed for 96 and 168 h to bis(triphenylin) oxide (TPTO), triphenyltin chloride (TPTC), bis(tri-n-butyltin) oxide (TBTO) and tributyltin acetate (TBTA). The toxic effects were death and abnormal development of larvae. Concentrations that killed all animals were 4 mu g L super(-1) (96 h) and 2 mu g L super(-1) (168 h) TPTO; 10 mu g L super(-1) (96 h) and 5 mu g L super(-1) (168 h) TPTC; 4 mu g L super(-1) (96 H) TBTO; and 10 mu g L super(-1) (96 h) and 5 mu g L super(-1) (168 h) TBTA. Abnormal morphology was caused by 0.75 mu g L super(-1) TPTO, 1 mu g L super(-1) TPTC and 5 mu g L super(-1) TBTA. Several developmental stages, from embryo to swimming larva, were exposed to TPTO. The most sensitive stages were early trochophore and early settled stage. The range of concentrations between 100% survival and 100% mortality was narrow in all tests. The exposure system is simple and detects teratogenicity. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Walsh, GE AU - Louie, M K AU - McLaughlin, L L AU - Lores, E M AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 749 EP - 754 VL - 5 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - development KW - organotin KW - survival KW - tests KW - tin compounds KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Arenicola cristata KW - toxicity KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14588083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Lugworm+%28Arenicola+cristata+%29+larvae+in+toxicity+tests%3A+Survival+and+development+when+exposed+to+organotins.&rft.au=Walsh%2C+GE%3BLouie%2C+M+K%3BMcLaughlin%2C+L+L%3BLores%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=749&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tin compounds; tests; toxicity; toxicity tests; survival; development; Arenicola cristata; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relation of survival to other endpoints in chronic toxicity tests with fish. AN - 14583787; 1467926 AB - The authors analyzed endpoints for 28 chemicals and seven fish species in 34 chronic toxicity studies. When all endpoints were compared, survival was equal to or more sensitive than all other endpoints 56 to 69% of the time. Individual endpoints were more sensitive than survival 19 to 61% of the time, except for reproduction, which was always more sensitive (although there were few observations). The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) for growth could be predicted from the NOEC for survival by using interendpoint correlations (r = 0.949 to 0.974). Ratios of NOECs for survival to those for all other endpoints examined were 5 or less in 93 to 96% of the comparisons (specific endpoint comparisons ranged from 80 to 100%). The determination of the survival endpoint requires less time and money than does the determination of most other endpoints, and it appears adequate for hazard assessments in the initial stage of estimating chronic toxicity. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Mayer, FL Jr AU - Mayer, K S AU - Ellersieck, M R AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 737 EP - 748 VL - 5 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - chronic toxicity KW - fish KW - laboratory testing KW - lethal limits KW - methodology KW - tests KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Pisces KW - toxicity KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14583787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Cellular+toxicity+in+Chinese+hamster+ovary+cell+cultures.+II.+A+statistical+appraisal+of+sensitivity+with+the+rabbit+alveolar+macrophage%2C+syrian+hamster+embryo%2C+balb+3T3+mouse%2C+and+human+neonatal+fibroblast+cell+systems.&rft.au=Garrett%2C+N+E%3BCampbell%2C+JA%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+MA%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Garrett&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lethal limits; toxicity; tests; fish; toxicity tests; Pisces; laboratory testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of copper, nickel and zinc on three species of Oregon freshwater snails. AN - 14583212; 1467819 AB - Three snail species collected from western Oregon were exposed to metals-Juga plicifera and Lithoglyphus virens , which inhabit cool coastal streams, and Physa gyrina , which is found in Willamette Valley ponds. J. plicifera were exposed in flow-through laboratory tests to copper and nickel, L. virens were exposed to copper, and P. gyrina were exposed to nickel and zinc. J. plicifera had a 96-h LC50 (50% of the test group died) of 0.015 mg/L for copper and a no observed effect level (NOEL, mortality not significantly different from that in control groups) of 0.006 mg/L (30-d survival). J. plicifera had a 96-h LC50 for nickel of 0.237 mg/L and a NOEL of 0.124 mg/L. L. virens had a 96-h LC50 for copper of 0.008 mg/L and n NOEL of less than 0.008 mg/L. P. gyrina had a 96-h LC50 for nickel of 0.239 mg/L, a 96-h LC50 for zincf of 1.27 mg/L and a NOEL for zinc of 0.570 mg/L. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Stinchfield, A AU - Savonen, C AU - Chapman, G A AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 807 EP - 811 VL - 5 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - copper KW - heavy metals KW - nickel KW - pollution effects KW - zinc KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Physa gyrina KW - Freshwater KW - Juga plicifera KW - toxicity KW - freshwater pollution KW - Lithoglyphus virens KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14583212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+copper%2C+nickel+and+zinc+on+three+species+of+Oregon+freshwater+snails.&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BStinchfield%2C+A%3BSavonen%2C+C%3BChapman%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - zinc; toxicity; copper; freshwater pollution; nickel; heavy metals; Juga plicifera; Physa gyrina; Lithoglyphus virens; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rebuttal to criticism of the phenomenological model of nonsmokers' lung cancer risk from passive smoking. AN - 14581452; 1467351 AB - Using a model based on observed phenomena, the authors developed an exposure-response relationship between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (i.e., passive smoking) and nonsmokers' risk of lung cancer death (LCD). The relationship is in magnitude 5 lung cancer deaths per 100,000 person-years per 1 mg of exposure to ambient tobacco tar per day. Their model predicts to within 5% both the observed lung cancer mortality rate and mortality ratio of the American Cancer Society (ACS) cohort study of passive smoking and lung cancer in 176,739 women by Garfinkel, where the exposure variable was husband's smoking habit. Moreover, when an adjustment is made, based on U.S. census data, for the effect of passive smoking in the workplace by an estimated 38% of the ACS cohort, the model predicts mortality rates and ratios for the ACS cohort which are consistent to 5% with the (different) results of the Japanese cohort study of lung cancer and passive smoking in 91,540 women by Hirayama. JF - J. ENVIRON. SCI. HEALTH. PART C. AU - Repace, J L AU - Lowrey, AH AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 225 EP - 235 VL - 4C IS - 2 KW - risks KW - passive smoking KW - cigarette smoke KW - carcinoma KW - man KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - smoke KW - cigarettes KW - lung KW - risk assessment KW - cancer KW - H SE4.26:DRUGS AND ALCOHOL KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14581452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH.+PART+C.&rft.atitle=A+rebuttal+to+criticism+of+the+phenomenological+model+of+nonsmokers%27+lung+cancer+risk+from+passive+smoking.&rft.au=Repace%2C+J+L%3BLowrey%2C+AH&rft.aulast=Repace&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=4C&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH.+PART+C.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lung; cigarettes; smoke; cancer; risk assessment; cigarette smoke; carcinoma; man ER - TY - CONF T1 - Institutional barriers to technological innovation in municipal wastewater and sludge management practices. AN - 14576684; 1450945 AB - Although researchers can repeatedly demonstrate the technological feasibility of innovative methods for managing municipal wastewater and sludge, it is often difficult to gain an acceptance of such innovations so that they can be used by operating facilities. Public opposition and a variety of institutional barriers in the private and public sectors often lead to lengthy delays in undertaking technological advancements in wastewater and sludge management process technologies and in reuse and disposal practices. This paper will review some of the institutional barriers that have been faced in regard to innovative practices of managing wastewater and sludge on land and at sea, and will offer suggestions on what might be done to help ease the burden of gaining acceptance of technological innovations in the future. JF - Report. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sea Grant Program. Cambridge MA [REP. MASS. INST. TECHNOL. SEA GRANT PROGRAM.]. pp. 239-258. 1986. AU - Bastian, R K Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 239 EP - 258 KW - ocean disposal KW - political aspects KW - sociological aspects KW - sociology KW - waste management KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - MITSG-85-36 KW - ocean dumping KW - Marine KW - wastewater treatment KW - management KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences KW - O 8050:Conferences KW - Q2:09441 KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - Q2 09121:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14576684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Institutional+barriers+to+technological+innovation+in+municipal+wastewater+and+sludge+management+practices.&rft.au=Bastian%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Bastian&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of 2-aminofluorene in the mutagenic activation of 2-acetylaminofluorene. AN - 14575910; 1452075 AB - The mutagenic activation of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) and its derivatives N-hydroxy-AAF and 2-aminofluorene (AF) by pulmonary and hepatic microsomal fractions from untreated rabbits was investigated using Salmonella strain TA98. The mutagenicity of AAF in the presence of hepatic microsomes followed typical saturation kinetics. However, in the presence of pulmonary microsomes, the mutagenic activity increased linearly with increasing substrate concentration and approximated that obtained with low concentrations of AF. N-Hydroxy-AAF was 1/10th as mutagenic as AF in the presence of pulmonary microsomes, but 2-2.5 times more mutagenic than AF in the presence of hepatic microsomes. The activation of AAF by both fractions was completely inhibited by the deacetylase inhibitor paraoxon. Although AAF does not appear to be a substrate for cytochrome P450 form 5, antibodies to this form inhibited the activation of AAF by pulmonary and hepatic microsomes by 90% and 60%, respectively. JF - Mutation Research AU - Robertson, IGC AD - US EPA (MD-68), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 153 EP - 157 VL - 175 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - 2 fluorenamine KW - N-2-fluorenylacetamide KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Ames test KW - mutagenicity KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14575910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+2-aminofluorene+in+the+mutagenic+activation+of+2-acetylaminofluorene.&rft.au=Robertson%2C+IGC&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=IGC&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=175&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mutagenicity; Ames test ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correspondence between spatial patterns in fish assemblages in Ohio streams and aquatic ecoregions. AN - 14575319; 1451395 AB - Land classification systems can be useful for assessing aquatic ecosystems if relationships among them exist. Because the character of an aquatic ecosystem depends to a large extent upon the character of the landscape it drains, spatial patterns in aquatic ecosystems should correspond to patterns in the landscape. To test this hypothesis, the US state of Ohio was divided into four aquatic ecoregions based on an analysis of spatial patterns in the combination of land-surface form, land use, potential natural vegetation, and soil parent material. During the period July-October 1983, fish assemblages were sampled in 46 streams that were representative of the ecoregions, and that had water sheds relatively undisturbed by human activities. Spatial patterns of the fish assemblages were examined relative to the ecoregions; distinct regional differences were identified. The assemblages differed most between the Huron/Erie Lake Plain region and the Western Allegheny Plateau region; assemblages in the Eastern Corn Belt Plains and the Erie/Ontario Lake Plain-Interior Plateau regions were intermediate. This pattern also reflects the gradient in landscape character as one moves from the northwest to the southeast of Ohio. JF - Environmental Management AU - Larsen, D P AU - Omernik, JM AU - Hughes, R M AU - Rohm, C M AU - Whittier, T R AU - Kinney, A J AU - Gallant, AL AU - Dudley AD - Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 815 EP - 828 VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Ohio KW - ecological associations KW - ecosystem analysis KW - environmental management KW - environmental surveys KW - fish KW - freshwater fish KW - zoogeography KW - Ecology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - watersheds KW - Freshwater KW - Pisces KW - surveys KW - ecology KW - USA, Ohio KW - Q1 08464:Other aquatic communities KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04668:Fish KW - H SE1.23:FAUNA AND FLORA ECOLOGY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14575319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Correspondence+between+spatial+patterns+in+fish+assemblages+in+Ohio+streams+and+aquatic+ecoregions.&rft.au=Larsen%2C+D+P%3BOmernik%2C+JM%3BHughes%2C+R+M%3BRohm%2C+C+M%3BWhittier%2C+T+R%3BKinney%2C+A+J%3BGallant%2C+AL%3BDudley&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=815&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - freshwater fish; fish; ecological associations; surveys; watersheds; ecology; environmental surveys; ecosystem analysis; zoogeography; Pisces; USA, Ohio; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal effects on microbial transformation rates of an herbicide in a freshwater stream: Application of laboratory data to a field site. AN - 14572775; 1454417 AB - Seasonal effects on microbial transformation rates of an herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxycetic acid butoxyethyl ester (2,4-DBE), in a freshwater stream were investigated. Although water temperatures decreased from 22 plus or minus 0.5 to 8.0 plus or minus 0.5 degree C and water velocities decreased from 0.09 plus or minus 0.01 to 0.03 plus or minus 0.003 m s super(-1), microbial transformation rates, as in the cold months over those in the spring and summer. The increased winter transformation rates were associated with leaf-litter accumulation, which provided additional colonized surface area in the stream. Therefore, the increased colonized surface area more than compensated for the effects to temperature and water velocity (under conditions of mass-transport limitation) that otherwise would have reduced microbial transformation rates in the winter months. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lewis, D L AU - Freeman, LF III AU - Watwood, ME AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 791 EP - 796 VL - 5 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - 2,4-D butoxyethyl ester KW - freshwater microorganisms KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Ecology Abstracts KW - biodegradation KW - freshwater organisms KW - herbicides KW - Freshwater KW - seasonal variations KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2:09445 KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - J 02905:Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14572775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Seasonal+effects+on+microbial+transformation+rates+of+an+herbicide+in+a+freshwater+stream%3A+Application+of+laboratory+data+to+a+field+site.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+D+L%3BFreeman%2C+LF+III%3BWatwood%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; freshwater organisms; herbicides; seasonal variations; freshwater microorganisms; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Total alkalinity of surface waters: A map of the upper Midwest region of the United States. AN - 14570475; 1454378 AB - This map (see the inside back cover of this issue) illustrates the regional patterns of mean annual alkalinity of surface water in the northern portions of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan, USA. It provides a qualitative graphic overview of the relative potential sensitivity of surface waters to acidic input in the upper midwest portions of the United States. The map is based on data from approximately 14,000 lakes and streams and the apparent spatial associations between these data and macroscale watershed characteristics that are thought to affect alkalinity. JF - Environmental Management AU - Omernik, JM AU - Griffith, GE AD - Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 829 EP - 839 VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - USA, Midwest, Upper KW - environmental charts KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - acids KW - surface water KW - acidification KW - alkalinity KW - Freshwater KW - Q2 09144:Regional studies, expeditions and data reports KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q1:08144 KW - H SE1.22:LAKE AND RIVER ECOLOGY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14570475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Total+alkalinity+of+surface+waters%3A+A+map+of+the+upper+Midwest+region+of+the+United+States.&rft.au=Omernik%2C+JM%3BGriffith%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Omernik&rft.aufirst=JM&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=829&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Actual map on inside back cover of journal. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acids; surface water; acidification; alkalinity; environmental charts; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protecting Rhode Island's coastal salt ponds: An economic assessment of downzoning. AN - 14570404; 1454655 AB - In southern Rhode Island, there is growing concern that housing and recreational demands will soon overwhelm the capacity of the coastal salt ponds to absorb wastes, produce seafood, and maintain scenic qualities. As a result, coastal towns have been studying the feasibility of using land controls such as downzoning to protect these coastal amenities. The paper presents an economic analysis of the downzoning program proposed in the town of South Kingstown. Hedonic price and contingent valuation methods are used to value coastal amenities. The estimated net present value of "swimmable" water is shown to be $3.1 million. JF - COASTAL ZONE MANAGE. J. AU - Anderson, G D AU - Edwards, S F AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 67 EP - 91 VL - 14 IS - 1-2 KW - ANW, USA, Rhode Island, South Kingstown KW - downzoning KW - salt ponds KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - ponds KW - coastal zone management KW - regional planning KW - recreation KW - urbanization KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - O 6080:Legal/Governmental KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14570404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=COASTAL+ZONE+MANAGE.+J.&rft.atitle=Protecting+Rhode+Island%27s+coastal+salt+ponds%3A+An+economic+assessment+of+downzoning.&rft.au=Anderson%2C+G+D%3BEdwards%2C+S+F&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=COASTAL+ZONE+MANAGE.+J.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Leisure in the coastal zone- Part 1. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ponds; coastal zone management; regional planning; recreation; urbanization; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne mercury in precipitation in the Lake Superior region. AN - 14565664; 1439846 AB - Mercury was measured in accumulated snow (March 1982) sampled from around Lake Superior and in rainfall from Duluth, Minnesota (June-September 1982 and March-November 1983), Forbes Township, and Dorset in northwestern and central Ontario, respectively (May-September 1983). Methods of melting snow and collecting rain samples were investigated to avoid loss of mercury during the melting process and sample shipment and storage. Low concentrations in snow and rain required greater analytical sensitivity. A detection limit of 0.008 plus or minus 0.004 mu g/L of mercury (N = 26) was attained using the cold vapor technique; and by utilizing a gold gauze amalgam accessory for preconcentration, a detection limit of 0.005 plus or minus 0.003 mu g/L (N = 13) was attained. Regional comparisons of mercury accumulation in the snow pack across the northern parts of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, and Ontario show highest values, 0.10 plus or minus 0.17 mu g/L Hg, in the Grand Rapids, Minnesota, area and lowest values in remote areas of Minnesota and Ontario. Rainfall concentrations of total mercury were substantially higher than snow accumulation and were mainly of inorganic forms (73%). JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Glass, GE AU - Leonard, EN AU - Chan, W H AU - Orr, D B AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 37 EP - 51 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - atmospheric precipitations KW - snow KW - North America, Superior L. KW - freshwater pollution KW - Freshwater KW - heavy metals KW - air pollution KW - mercury KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q2:09445 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14565664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Airborne+mercury+in+precipitation+in+the+Lake+Superior+region.&rft.au=Glass%2C+GE%3BLeonard%2C+EN%3BChan%2C+W+H%3BOrr%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Glass&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitations; snow; freshwater pollution; heavy metals; mercury; air pollution; North America, Superior L.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hungry bugs might be an answer. AN - 14565304; 1445144 AB - Hazardous waste-eating microbes are on the job in some places--but how much is known about them? An EPA official provides some details. JF - Waste Age AU - Wann, D AD - Reg. VIII Off. EPA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 VL - 17 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1001, 0043-1001 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - waste management KW - biodegradation KW - biological treatment KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14565304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Age&rft.atitle=Hungry+bugs+might+be+an+answer.&rft.au=Wann%2C+D&rft.aulast=Wann&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=35%2B&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Age&rft.issn=00431001&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; biological treatment; hazardous materials; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vivo inhibition of chicken brain acetylcholinesterase and neurotoxic esterase in relation to the delayed neurotoxicity of leptophos and cyanofenphos. AN - 14564836; 1454716 AB - An equimolal single dose (1 mmole/kg) of leptophos or cyanofenphos was given orally to chickens to assay the clinical and biochemical neurotoxic effects of these two organophosphorus insecticides. Clinical observations indicated that leptophos-, cyanofenphos- and parathion-treated chickens became acutely poisoned but recovered from the typical cholinergic signs in a day or two. However, about 10 to 15 days later leptophos- and cyanofenphos-treated chickens developed the characteristic leg weakness and unrecoverable ataxia seen in birds given TOCP. The biochemical results indicated that cyanofenphos followed by leptophos and parathion produced more in vivo AChE inhibition than that produced by TOCP in both chicken brain soluble and microsomal fractions. JF - Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology AU - Soliman, SA AU - Curley, A AU - Farmer, J AD - US EPA, Neurotoxicol. Div., HERL, Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 211 EP - 224 VL - 7 IS - 1-2 SN - 0731-8898, 0731-8898 KW - acetyLcholinesterase KW - inhibition KW - leptophos KW - cyanofenphos KW - pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - chickens KW - organophosphorus compounds KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - neurotoxicity KW - brain KW - H SE5.20:INSECTICIDES KW - X 24135:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14564836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Pathology%2C+Toxicology+and+Oncology&rft.atitle=In+vivo+inhibition+of+chicken+brain+acetylcholinesterase+and+neurotoxic+esterase+in+relation+to+the+delayed+neurotoxicity+of+leptophos+and+cyanofenphos.&rft.au=Soliman%2C+SA%3BCurley%2C+A%3BFarmer%2C+J&rft.aulast=Soliman&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Pathology%2C+Toxicology+and+Oncology&rft.issn=07318898&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; brain; insecticides; organophosphorus compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An outline of EPA's subtitle D program. AN - 14559026; 1445079 AB - Solid waste management facilities will come under greater federal scrutiny in coming months and years. Here's an inside look at what the agency must do, and what it plans to accomplish. JF - Waste Age AU - Lehman, J P AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Solid Waste Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1001, 0043-1001 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - waste management KW - EPA KW - solid wastes KW - landfills KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14559026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Age&rft.atitle=An+outline+of+EPA%27s+subtitle+D+program.&rft.au=Lehman%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Lehman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=55%2B&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Age&rft.issn=00431001&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; landfills; solid wastes; waste management; hazardous materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary biochemical effects of inhaled phosgene in rats. AN - 14529474; 1423636 AB - Three exposure regimens were used to study the time course of indicators of lung damage and recovery response to single or repeated exposures to phosgene (COCl sub(2)). Regimen 1 revealed significantly elevated lung wet weight, lung nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPSH) content, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity that stayed elevated for up to 14 d. A significant decrease in body weight and food intake was observed 1 d after exposure. Regimen 2 caused a slight depression in NPSH content but did not affect G6PD activity. Regimen 3 animals showed sustained elevations in lung wet weight, NPSH content, and G6PD activity after 7 d of exposure. Light microscopic examination of lung tissue exposed to 0.25 ppm COCl sub(2) for 17 d revealed moderate multifocal accumulation of mononuclear cells in the centriacinar region. In summary, exposure to COCl sub(2) caused changes similar in most ways to those observed for other lower-respiratory-tract irritants. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Franch, S AU - Hatch, G AD - MD-82, HERL, ITD, TB, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 413 EP - 424 VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - damage KW - effects on KW - phosgene KW - glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14529474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+biochemical+effects+of+inhaled+phosgene+in+rats.&rft.au=Franch%2C+S%3BHatch%2C+G&rft.aulast=Franch&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lung ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uptake and depuration of organic contaminants by blue mussels (Mytilus edulis ) exposed to environmentally contaminated sediment. AN - 14527451; 1419354 AB - Experiments were designed to expose blue mussels (Mytilus edulis ) to contaminated sediment collected from Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA in 1982. Measurements were taken to allow comparisons of the uptake and depuration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In addition, concentration factors in the mussels were calculated separately against the dissolved and particulate phase concentrations and the results from the exposure and control systems were compared. Both PAHs and PCBs were rapidly accumulated by the mussels exposed to the contaminated sediment. After the mussels were transferred to control seawater, individual PAHs were depurated with half-lives ranging from 12 to 30 d. Individual PCBs showed depuration half-lives which ranged from 16 to 46 d. JF - Marine biology. Berlin, Heidelberg AU - Pruell, R J AU - Lake, J L AU - Davis, W R AU - Quinn, J G AD - Science Applications International Corp., c/o U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 497 EP - 507 VL - 91 IS - 4 SN - 0025-3162, 0025-3162 KW - ANW, Narragansett Bay KW - Mytilus edulis KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - sediment pollution KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - PCB KW - bioaccumulation KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14527451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+biology.+Berlin%2C+Heidelberg&rft.atitle=Uptake+and+depuration+of+organic+contaminants+by+blue+mussels+%28Mytilus+edulis+%29+exposed+to+environmentally+contaminated+sediment.&rft.au=Pruell%2C+R+J%3BLake%2C+J+L%3BDavis%2C+W+R%3BQuinn%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Pruell&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+biology.+Berlin%2C+Heidelberg&rft.issn=00253162&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Incl. 45 ref. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sediment pollution; PCB; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioaccumulation; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field audit results with organic gas standards on volatile organic ambient air samplers equipped with Tenax GC. AN - 14523973; 1411335 AB - The results from two field audits of Tenax GC equipped sampling systems measuring the volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations in ambient air are reported. Each audit standard contained at least four of the following compounds at the low parts per billion (ppb) level: C sub(6)H sub(6), C sub(6)H sub(5)CH sub(3), C sub(6)H sub(5)Br, C sub(6)H sub(5)Cl, CHCl sub(3), CCl sub(4), and C sub(2)Cl sub(4). The results of the audits were consistent and highlight some of the errors associated with sampling for VOC's with Tenax. For example, a large negative bias was evident for CCl sub(4) even when the sampled volume was less than 10% of the published breakthrough volume. However, regardless of the volume sampled, a 23-36% positive bias was evident for all but one C sub(2)Cl sub(4) sample. A positive bias was also evident for both C sub(6)H sub(6) and C sub(6)H sub(5)CH sub(3). The agreement between successive audits showed that the system is a viable means to audit the performance of VOC sampling systems at field sites. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Crist, H L AU - Mitchell, W J AD - Qual. Assur. Div., Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1260 EP - 1262 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - monitoring measurements KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - organic compounds KW - sampling instruments KW - gases KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14523973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Field+audit+results+with+organic+gas+standards+on+volatile+organic+ambient+air+samplers+equipped+with+Tenax+GC.&rft.au=Crist%2C+H+L%3BMitchell%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Crist&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sampling instruments; air quality; organic compounds; gases ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An efficient algorithm for determining non-overlapping running averages. AN - 14507630; 1398811 AB - A FORTRAN-77 routine is presented that calculates highest and second-highest, non-overlapping running averages. Such averages may be needed in air quality analyses for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and no efficient routines for sorting running averages are known to exist. This routine is designed to be part of a post-processor to analyze hourly concentrations from air quality dispersion models. Since it accounts for missing and invalid data , the routine can also be used with monitoring data and can be adapted to other similar applications. Included in the paper are a description of the algorithm, a FORTRAN source listing of the routine, and results of a test case. The routine has been implemented on IBM-PC, VAX 780, and UNIVAC 1180 computers. JF - Environmental Software AU - Pierce, TE AD - U.S. EPA Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 124 EP - 128 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 0266-9838, 0266-9838 KW - algorithms KW - computer aided analysis KW - FORTRAN 77 KW - EPA KW - air quality KW - computer applications KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14507630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Software&rft.atitle=An+efficient+algorithm+for+determining+non-overlapping+running+averages.&rft.au=Pierce%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Software&rft.issn=02669838&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer applications; air quality; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic compounds in water. Determination is essential for management and environmental control. AN - 14496703; 1410296 AB - As the complexity of the chemical makeup of consumer products increases, the problems of containing and treating the wastes of modern society continue to grow. To be alert to possible health threats and to protect the ability to recycle water resources, it is necessary to rely on the collection and management of data from the chemical analysis of a wide variety of water sources. To ensure that the data are comprehensive, analytical methods must address the broadest range of compounds possible, and samples should represent a wide range of sources. Although no survey of the recommended magnitude has been attempted, approximations of the distribution of toxic organic substances in water can be made by bringing together data gathered in studies conducted by the regulatory community and by researchers working in the field. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Shackelford, WM AU - Cline, D M AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 652 EP - 658 VL - 20 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - data acquisition KW - data collection KW - pollutants KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - water management KW - Freshwater KW - organic compounds KW - organic wastes KW - water quality control KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - Q2:09444 KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14496703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Organic+compounds+in+water.+Determination+is+essential+for+management+and+environmental+control.&rft.au=Shackelford%2C+WM%3BCline%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Shackelford&rft.aufirst=WM&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=652&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; organic wastes; data acquisition; pollutants; water management; water quality control; data collection; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavior of organic pollutants during rapid-infiltration of wastewater into soil: I. Processes, definition, and characterization using a microcosm. AN - 14494500; 1411182 AB - A microcosm was constructed to study the behavior of organic pollutants during rapid infiltration of municipal wastewater into soil. The microcosm permitted a direct measure of the amount of volatilization and allowed calculation of the amount that degraded. The microcosms received 4.4 plus or minus 0.2 cm of wastewater each day; an application was made every four hours. The wastewater was amended with selected organic compounds at individual average concentrations of 0.2 to 32 mu mol/L. Chloroform, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethene, and tetrachloroethene volatilized extensively. JF - HAZARDOUS WASTE HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Piwoni, MD AU - Wilson, J T AU - Walters, D M AU - Wilson, B H AU - Enfield, C G AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Res. and Dev., Robert S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 43 EP - 55 VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - soils KW - chemical pollutants KW - 1,1-dichloroethane KW - 1,1,1-trichloroethane KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - wastewater treatment KW - filtration KW - chloroform KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14494500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HAZARDOUS+WASTE+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=Behavior+of+organic+pollutants+during+rapid-infiltration+of+wastewater+into+soil%3A+I.+Processes%2C+definition%2C+and+characterization+using+a+microcosm.&rft.au=Piwoni%2C+MD%3BWilson%2C+J+T%3BWalters%2C+D+M%3BWilson%2C+B+H%3BEnfield%2C+C+G&rft.aulast=Piwoni&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HAZARDOUS+WASTE+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - filtration; wastewater treatment; chloroform ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sampling the oceans for pollution: A risk assessment approach to evaluating low-level radioactive waste disposal at sea. AN - 14494443; 1411138 AB - The EPA Office of Radiation Programs (ORP) is considering adopting a hazard assessment approach to evaluating any permit requests for disposal of low-level radioactive wastes at sea. This involves developing evaluation protocols to guide the licensing process. These procedures will require that applicants submit information about the proposed disposal activity that is adequate to determine whether a given radioactive waste is suitable for disposal at a designated site. Information will concern specific characteristics of the site and specific characteristics of the waste. The protocols then will govern how this information may be used to reach a technical statement of the hazards involved. This hazard assessment then can be used in risk management of the proposed disposal activity. JF - Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials Report AU - Prager, J C AU - Bierman, VJ Jr AU - Paul, J F AU - Bonner, J S AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Environ. Processes and Eff. Res., Environ. Res. Lab., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 2 EP - 26 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0270-3777, 0270-3777 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ocean dumping KW - radioactive wastes KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - sampling methods KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14494443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dangerous+Properties+of+Industrial+Materials+Report&rft.atitle=Sampling+the+oceans+for+pollution%3A+A+risk+assessment+approach+to+evaluating+low-level+radioactive+waste+disposal+at+sea.&rft.au=Prager%2C+J+C%3BBierman%2C+VJ+Jr%3BPaul%2C+J+F%3BBonner%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Prager&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Dangerous+Properties+of+Industrial+Materials+Report&rft.issn=02703777&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - risk assessment; radioactive wastes; waste disposal; sampling methods; ocean dumping ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavior of organic pollutants during rapid-infiltration of wastewater into soil: II. Mathematical description of transport and transformation. AN - 14493637; 1411156 AB - A compartmental screening model was developed to describe the movement of volatile and transformable organic chemicals in rapid-infiltration wastewater treatment systems. The first compartment describes losses of the chemical from the infiltration basin when the basin is flooded with wastewater. The second compartment considers losses due to volatilization and transformation in near surface soils during periods of drying. The third compartment describes the transport and transformation of the remaining chemical to ground water. The model was developed to consider an accidental spill of chemical into a treatment system or a constant input of chemical into a system. Laboratory data for 18 organic compounds from a microcosm designed to simultate a rapid-infiltration system were used to evaluate the model. Data used in the evaluation were obtained after quasi-steady state had been achieved. JF - HAZARDOUS WASTE HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Enfield, C G AU - Walters, D M AU - Wilson, J T AU - Piwoni, MD AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Res. Dev., Robert S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 57 EP - 76 VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - soils KW - chemical pollutants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - organic compounds KW - wastewater treatment KW - filtration KW - mathematical models KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14493637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HAZARDOUS+WASTE+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=Behavior+of+organic+pollutants+during+rapid-infiltration+of+wastewater+into+soil%3A+II.+Mathematical+description+of+transport+and+transformation.&rft.au=Enfield%2C+C+G%3BWalters%2C+D+M%3BWilson%2C+J+T%3BPiwoni%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Enfield&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HAZARDOUS+WASTE+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - filtration; wastewater treatment; organic compounds; mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A transition-flow reactor tube for measuring trace gas concentrations. AN - 14493514; 1410965 AB - Dry deposition contributes significantly to the acidification of ecosystems. However, difficulties in measuring dry deposition of reactive gases and fine particles make routine direct monitoring impractical. An alternate approach is to use the "concentration monitoring" methods in which dry deposition flux is estimated as the product of measured concentration and estimated deposition velocity. A sampling system that performs over the period of 6 hours to 7 days, depending on atmospheric concentrations, has been developed. It consists of a Teflon cyclone to exclude particies larger than about 2 mu m, selective solid adsorption media for reactive gases--some which are sampled from a transition flow to avoid possible bias from particle evaportion, a particle filter, and a final gas adsorption filter to collect the remaining trace gas. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Durham, J L AU - Ellestad, T G AU - Stockburger, L AU - Knapp, K T AU - Spiller, L L AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1228 EP - 1232 VL - 36 IS - 11 KW - monitoring measurements KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - evaporation KW - atmosphere KW - filters KW - gases KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14493514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=A+transition-flow+reactor+tube+for+measuring+trace+gas+concentrations.&rft.au=Durham%2C+J+L%3BEllestad%2C+T+G%3BStockburger%2C+L%3BKnapp%2C+K+T%3BSpiller%2C+L+L&rft.aulast=Durham&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gases; evaporation; atmosphere; filters ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous waste preteatment as an air pollution control technique. AN - 14493155; 1410898 AB - Three types of commonly used commercial treatment processes were investigated for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from hazardous waste: thin-film evaporation, steam stripping and distillation. These unit operations were evaluated for their potential to control emission from hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal facilities (TSDFs) by reducing waste VOC content. One-day visits were conducted at three sites which operate thin-film evaporators to gather data on the types of waste that can be treated, the treatment costs, and the major emission points. Steam stripping and distillation of six different wastes were evaluated during 3-4 day site visits to two recycling firms. Data collected on these to processes permitted calculation of unit cost-effectiveness and determination of compound-specific stripping rate constants for each batch. Air emission factors were also estimated for these two processes. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Allen, C C AU - Blaney, B L AU - Brant, G AU - Simpson, S AD - Hazard. Waste Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA., Cincinnati, OH 27709, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1264 EP - 1267 VL - 36 IS - 11 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - data collection KW - hazardous materials KW - waste treatment KW - air pollution control KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14493155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Hazardous+waste+preteatment+as+an+air+pollution+control+technique.&rft.au=Allen%2C+C+C%3BBlaney%2C+B+L%3BBrant%2C+G%3BSimpson%2C+S&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1264&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - waste treatment; hazardous materials; data collection; air pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyzing PCBs. AN - 14493045; 1411067 AB - Basic information about PCBs and how they are identified and measured. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Alford-Stevens, AL AD - EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1194 EP - 1199 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - chemical analysis KW - environmental monitoring KW - PCB compounds KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14493045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Analyzing+PCBs.&rft.au=Alford-Stevens%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Alford-Stevens&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PCB compounds; environmental monitoring; chemical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Receptor modeling study of Denver winter haze. AN - 14485743; 1381455 AB - A multiple-regression single-element tracer method in combination with SO sub(2) and NO sub(x) emissions inventory scaling was used to estimate source contributions to fine and coarse aerosol mass and light extinction, measured in Denver during January 1982. Motor vehicles were the largest contributor to average fine partice mass (42%) and daytime light extinction (47%). Electric power generation was next largest, at 23% and 44%, respectively. Wood burning contributed 12% and 14%, respectively. The electric power contribution estimate was based entirely on emission inventory scaling and thus correspondingly more uncertain. Fine mass concentrations averaged only half as large as those measured in a similar field study conducted in late 1978. During high-pollution periods, the motor vehicle impact during the day and the woodsmoke impact during the night were relatively greater than their averages. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Lewis, C W AU - Baumgardner, R E AU - Stevens, R K AU - Russwurm, G M AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1126 EP - 1136 VL - 20 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Colorado, Denver KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - sulfur dioxide KW - electric power generation KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - tracers KW - aerosols KW - nitrogen oxides KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14485743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Receptor+modeling+study+of+Denver+winter+haze.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+C+W%3BBaumgardner%2C+R+E%3BStevens%2C+R+K%3BRusswurm%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tracers; sulfur dioxide; nitrogen oxides; electric power generation; automotive exhaust emissions; aerosols ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution in Athens, Greece. AN - 14484296; 1384036 AB - Athens, Greece, is a densely populated city with serious air pollution episodes. High levels of sulfates, particulate carbon, ozone, and nitrogen oxides have been documented, while sulfur dioxide concentrations have declined below international standards. A review of sources, geographic features, monitoring levels and pollution control strategies is given. In addition, the results of two sampling periods for airborne fine particulate matter are reported. A study of fine aerosol was made in Athens, Greece, by this author during the summer of 1982 and the winter of 1982-3. Fine particulate matter was collected on teflon filters and analyzed at the Oregon Graduate Center for 21 chemical elements by X-ray fluorescence. Total particulate matter was simulaneously collected on glass or quartz fiber filters and analyzed at Oregon Graduate Center for organic, elemental, and carbonate carbon using a thermo-optical method. Over 87% of the mass was identified. In winter, about sixty percent of the fine aerosol mass consisted of organic material and elemental carbon, which was associated largely with motor vehicles. JF - Environmental Professional AU - Valaoras, G AD - EPA, 401 M St., SW (PM-223), Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 149 EP - 164 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0191-5398, 0191-5398 KW - Greece, Athens KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - sulfur dioxide KW - air pollution control KW - monitoring methods KW - seasonal variations KW - particulates KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14484296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Professional&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+in+Athens%2C+Greece.&rft.au=Valaoras%2C+G&rft.aulast=Valaoras&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Professional&rft.issn=01915398&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution control; sulfur dioxide; seasonal variations; monitoring methods; particulates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cryogenic preconcentration-direct FID method for measurement of ambient NMOC: Refinement and comparison with GC speciation. AN - 14484226; 1384114 AB - A method for measuring total nonmethane organic compounds (NMOC) in the atmosphere has been refined to reduce measurement variability and evaluated for possible use in connection with the control of hydrocarbon emissions. The method, a simplification of the conventional gas chromatographic (GC) speciation technique, uses cryogenic preconcentration and flame ionization detection but does not use a GC column. Tests to compare this simplified method to the GC speciation technique, using actual ambient air samples were carried out. Test results showed that the sensitivity and precision of the simplified method approach those of the speciation technique. Other test results verified that the use of stainless steel sample canisters for collection and temporary storage of NMOC samples is acceptable and contributes little additional variability to the method. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - McElroy, F F AU - Thompson, V L AU - Holland, D M AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 710 EP - 714 VL - 36 IS - 6 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - gas chromatography KW - hydrocarbons KW - atmosphere KW - air pollution control KW - sampling methods KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14484226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Cryogenic+preconcentration-direct+FID+method+for+measurement+of+ambient+NMOC%3A+Refinement+and+comparison+with+GC+speciation.&rft.au=McElroy%2C+F+F%3BThompson%2C+V+L%3BHolland%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=McElroy&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=710&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gas chromatography; hydrocarbons; air pollution control; sampling methods; atmosphere ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollutant sampler for measurements of atmospheric acidic dry deposition. AN - 14484113; 1377004 AB - An acidic pollutant sampler for dry deposition monitoring has been designed and evaluated in laboratory and field studies. The system, which is modular and simple to operate, samples gaseous HNO sub(3), NH sub(3), SO sub(2), and NO sub(2) and particulate SO sub(4) super(2-), NO sub(4) super(-), and NH sub(4) super(+) and is made of Teflon to minimize trace reactive gas sorption. Particles greater than about 2 mu m are removed with a cyclone, which is followed in the system by a transition flow reactor (TFR) containing a nylon liner for collection of a constant fraction of HNO sub(3) and a Nafion liner for collection of a constant fraction of NH sub(3). The TFR is followed by a three-filter holder containing, in order, a Teflon filter to collect the fine particles, a nylon filter to collect HNO sub(3) and an oxalic acid impregnated glass-fiber filter to collect HN sub(3). The backup nylon and oxalic acid filters collect the gaseous HNO sub(3) and NH sub(3) that penetrated the TFR and that from the decomposition of the NH sub(4)NO sub(3) collected on the Teflon filter. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Knapp, K T AU - Durham, J L AU - Ellestad, T G AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 633 EP - 636 VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - pollutant detection KW - air pollutants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - laboratory testing KW - cyclone collectors KW - sampling methods KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14484113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Pollutant+sampler+for+measurements+of+atmospheric+acidic+dry+deposition.&rft.au=Knapp%2C+K+T%3BDurham%2C+J+L%3BEllestad%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Knapp&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sampling methods; laboratory testing; cyclone collectors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characteristics of individual particles at a rural site in the eastern United States. AN - 14478072; 1379153 AB - To determine the nature of aerosol particles in a rural area of the eastern United States, aerosol samples were collected at Deep Creek Lake, Maryland, on various substrates and analyzed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). SEM analysis of particles larger than 2.5 mu m collected on Nuclepore filters revealed the following: clay minerals, quartz, gypsum, and calcite comprised 50 percent of the particles analyzed; spores, pollen, and plant debris comprised 25 percent; 9 percent were fly ash; 11 percent were sulfate; 5 percent were unidentified. Particles ranging from 0.3 to 2 mu m were collected in a cascade impactor on grid-supported carbon films and analyzed by TEM for decomposition rate as well as for reaction with the barium chloride and nitron (C sub(20)H sub(16)N sub(4)) films that were applied after sampling. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Mamane, Y AU - Dzubay, T G AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 906 EP - 911 VL - 36 IS - 8 KW - Maryland, Deep Creek Lake KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - rural areas KW - microscopy KW - aerosols KW - sampling methods KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14478072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Characteristics+of+individual+particles+at+a+rural+site+in+the+eastern+United+States.&rft.au=Mamane%2C+Y%3BDzubay%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Mamane&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=906&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; sampling methods; microscopy; rural areas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fail-safe devices for the prevention of hazardous materials spills. AN - 14477279; 1380366 AB - Many hazardous material spills can be prevented by the use of automatic container-filling procedures to determine when maximum capacity is reached. This project assessed current fail-safe technology, conducted laboratory tests of automatic devices and monitored performance of on-site automatic level controllers. In the assessment of current technology, available data on devices used to prevent tank overflow were identified and reviewed. Fourteen types of devices were investigated to determine their potential for automatic container-filling control. Although most of the fourteen level detectors could measure for either wet or dry products, some could measure both wet and dry products. The detectors were activated by electrical, electric/pneumatic, pneumatic, or mechanical action. JF - J. HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Heard, D B AD - U.S. EPA Hazardous Waste Eng. Res. Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 233 EP - 238 VL - 13 IS - 2 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - pollution control equipment KW - materials handling KW - automation KW - laboratory testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14477279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=Fail-safe+devices+for+the+prevention+of+hazardous+materials+spills.&rft.au=Heard%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Heard&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - automation; materials handling; laboratory testing; pollution control equipment; hazardous materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical method comparisons by estimates of precision and lower detection limit. AN - 14476908; 1382391 AB - Principal component analysis (PCA) can be used to estimate the operating precision of several different analytical instruments or methods simultaneously measuring a common sample whose actual value is unknown. This approach is cost-effective when none of the analytical techniques is sufficiently superior to serve as a reference and obviates the need for experimental designs requiring duplicate instruments. PCA provides composite reference values from sample measurements to approximate the true analytical values. From these composite values, estimates of the operating precision can be obtained. This technique is used to estimate the operating precision of six commercial chemiluminescence analyzers used to measure 1-h average ambient nitrogen dioxide concentrations. Precision obtained alternatively from duplicate data available for one of the analyzer types agreed closely with the PCA estimate. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Holland, D M AU - McElroy, F F AD - Monit. Assess. Div. and Qual. Assur. Div., Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., Off. Res. and Dev., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1157 EP - 1161 VL - 20 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - pollutant detection KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - chemiluminescence KW - atmosphere KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14476908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Analytical+method+comparisons+by+estimates+of+precision+and+lower+detection+limit.&rft.au=Holland%2C+D+M%3BMcElroy%2C+F+F&rft.aulast=Holland&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nitrogen dioxide; atmosphere; chemiluminescence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chromium analysis at a ferrochrome smelter, a chemical plant and a refractory brick plant. AN - 14476353; 1380436 AB - Techniques were developed to sample and analyze the Cr content of particulate samples with emphasis on determining the concentration of the carcinogen Cr super(+6). Cr super(+6) is extracted to alkaline solution and analyzed colorimetrically. Residual particles are extracted with acid solution to remove soluble Cr super(+3), which is determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. This methodology was tested on samples from three diverse types of sources: a ferrochrome smelter, a chemical plant, and a refractory brick plant. Identical quadruplicate samples were collected to determine accuracy and precision of the collection and analysis procedures, and extraction of Cr super(+6) and Cr3 . A statistical analysis revealed that the precision of Cr6 analysis is comparable to that of the particulate mass determination. The stability of Cr super(+6) in particulate form and in solution was determined. Size resolved particulate samples were collected to determine the particle size versus the Cr super(+6) content. At the ferrochrome smelter and the chemical plant the majority of the Cr super(+6) was contained in the respirable particles. The accuracy and completeness of the chemical methods employed were verified by neutron activation analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray analysis. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Butler, F E AU - Knoll, JE AU - Midgett, M R AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 581 EP - 584 VL - 36 IS - 5 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - particle size KW - statistical analysis KW - atomic absorption spectroscopy KW - chemical industry KW - neutron activation analysis KW - smelting KW - chromium KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14476353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Chromium+analysis+at+a+ferrochrome+smelter%2C+a+chemical+plant+and+a+refractory+brick+plant.&rft.au=Butler%2C+F+E%3BKnoll%2C+JE%3BMidgett%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic absorption spectroscopy; chemical industry; chromium; particle size; neutron activation analysis; statistical analysis; smelting ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA criteria for sludge application to agricultural land. AN - 14474022; 1382326 AB - 1979 EPA regulations establish criteria for application to land producing food chain crops. JF - Biocycle AU - Whittington, W AD - Water Regul. Stand. (WH511), Off. Water, EPA, 401 M. St. S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 29 VL - 27 IS - 9 SN - 0276-5055, 0276-5055 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - food chains KW - land application KW - agriculture KW - composting KW - EPA KW - sludge disposal KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14474022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocycle&rft.atitle=EPA+criteria+for+sludge+application+to+agricultural+land.&rft.au=Whittington%2C+W&rft.aulast=Whittington&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocycle&rft.issn=02765055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - land application; sludge disposal; agriculture; EPA; food chains; composting ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new look at physiologic respiratory response to H sub(2)S poisoning. AN - 14473848; 1378088 AB - Ever since the role of the carotid bodies in controlling ventilation was elucidated by Heymans in 1932, researchers have puzzled over the seeming paradox presented by the action of hydrogen sulfide gas on the nervous system. The dominant effect is depression of function, but the neural receptors of the carotids appear to be stimulated, resulting in hyperpnea at sublethal exposures. This paper examines the effect in light of the known cellular mechanisms of H sub(2)S poisoning, which inhibits the enzyme cytochrome oxidase, stopping oxidative metabolism. The argument is made that H sub(2)S affects the carotid sensors in the same manner as reduced oxygen tension, thus resulting in increased rate and depth of ventilation. JF - J. HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Ammann, H M AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Criteria and Assess. Off. MD52, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 369 EP - 374 VL - 13 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ventilation KW - respiratory system KW - physiology KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - gases KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14473848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=A+new+look+at+physiologic+respiratory+response+to+H+sub%282%29S+poisoning.&rft.au=Ammann%2C+H+M&rft.aulast=Ammann&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrogen sulfide; gases; physiology; respiratory system; ventilation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extent of ozone's reaction with isolated aquatic fulvic acid. AN - 14473833; 1378058 AB - Samples of North Carolina aquatic fulvic acid were ozonated in a neutral buffer at several ozone/carbon ratios, and the reaction mixtures were characterized by using total organic carbon (TOC) and UV-visible absorbance analysis, XAD-8 chromatography, and ultrafiltration. Results show a large initial ozone consumption with loss of TOC and UV-visible absorbance by the fulvic acid solution followed by a slower rate of ozone consumption and decrease in TOC and UV-visible absorbance at higher doses. Exclusion chromatography and ultrafiltration show an increase in smaller sized materials. The authors conclude that ozone initially and rapidly attacks sensitive nucleophilic sites on the molecule. At higher doses slower cleavage reactions produce structural changes in the macromolecule. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Anderson, L J AU - Johnson, J D AU - Christman, R F AD - South Area Permits Sect., Water Manage. Div., EPA-Reg. IV, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 739 EP - 742 VL - 20 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - chromatography KW - ozone KW - chemical reactions KW - filtration KW - carbon KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14473833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Extent+of+ozone%27s+reaction+with+isolated+aquatic+fulvic+acid.&rft.au=Anderson%2C+L+J%3BJohnson%2C+J+D%3BChristman%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; carbon; chemical reactions; chromatography; filtration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of alternative treatment processes for metal bearing hazardous waste streams. AN - 14473773; 1380466 AB - The U.S. Congress and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency believe that treatment and recovery techniques should be given maximum priority when considering methods for managing the nations's generated hazardous waste. A prohibition for the disposal of certain categories of hazardous wastes either directly onto or into the land without being treated to an accepted degree prior to such disposal practice has been promulgated. Wastes containing toxic metals and cyanide complexes have been selected as a group to be restricted. Due to the high generation rate associated with this catgory, a large capacity of waste treatment processing will be required. Existing and emerging treatment alternatives which are or have the potential to be employed for waste treatment of metal bearing wastes are presented in this paper. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Grosse, D W AD - Hazardous Waste Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 603 EP - 614 VL - 36 IS - 5 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - waste treatment KW - materials recovery KW - streams KW - heavy metals KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14473773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=A+review+of+alternative+treatment+processes+for+metal+bearing+hazardous+waste+streams.&rft.au=Grosse%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Grosse&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - heavy metals; streams; waste treatment; materials recovery; hazardous materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vertical pollutant distributions and boundary layer structure observed by airborne lidar near the complex southern California coastline. AN - 14473707; 1380474 AB - Airborne lidar flights to determine air pollutant transport in the complex coastal environment of S California reveal details of vertical pollutant distributions, atmospheric boundary layer structure, and pollutant transport and diffusion unique to such an area. The lidar data show two (or more) layers of aerosols offshore each separated by relatively clear areas. Typically the top of the lower layer corresponds to the base of the temperature inversion over the water, and the upper layer lies within the temperature inversion. Little intermixing of the layers occurs unless onshore air flow carries both layers over the coastline. A short distance inland, afternoon heating and mechanical turbulence eliminate the layered structure. The upper layers which may be formed by sea-breeze undercutting, by convergence in complex terrain or at the land/sea interface, or by interaction of heated upslope flow with terrain features can flow offshore with existing winds or at night with the land-breeze. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - McElroy, J L AU - Smith, T B AD - U.S. EPA, Remote and Air Monit. Branch, P.O. Box 15027, Las Vegas, NV 89114-5027, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1555 EP - 1566 VL - 20 IS - 8 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - coastal zones KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - light scattering KW - air quality KW - lidar KW - meteorology KW - boundary layers KW - remote sensing KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14473707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Vertical+pollutant+distributions+and+boundary+layer+structure+observed+by+airborne+lidar+near+the+complex+southern+California+coastline.&rft.au=McElroy%2C+J+L%3BSmith%2C+T+B&rft.aulast=McElroy&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lidar; boundary layers; meteorology; remote sensing; light scattering; air quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of secondary effluents on eutrophication in Las Vegas Bay, Lake Mead, Nevada. AN - 14473417; 1378014 AB - The eutrophication potential of Lake Mead, with primary emphasis on Las Vegas Bay, was determined with Selenastrum capricornutum . Nutrient limitation profiles were determined for three sampling stations in Las Vegas Bay and one in Boulder Basin. After heavy metals were chelated with EDTA, P was identified as the primary limiting nutrient with N the secondary limiting nutrient for S. capricornutum . Productiviy potential was highest in upper Las Vegas Bay near the sewage inflow. Toward the mouth of the bay and in Boulder Basin, progressively lower potentials were defined. Productivity potential could not be predicted from the filtered samples because the nutrients bound up in the indigenous biomass remained on the filters. Autoclaving followed by filtration prior to assay enabled S. capricornutum to produce yields relative to the productivity observed in the lake. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Greene, J C AU - Miller, W E AU - Merwin, E AD - U.S. EPA Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., Hazardous Wastes and Water Branch, 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333 USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 391 EP - 402 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - industrial effluents KW - eutrophication KW - bioassays KW - selenastrum capricornutum KW - heavy metals KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14473417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+secondary+effluents+on+eutrophication+in+Las+Vegas+Bay%2C+Lake+Mead%2C+Nevada.&rft.au=Greene%2C+J+C%3BMiller%2C+W+E%3BMerwin%2C+E&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - selenastrum capricornutum; bioassays; heavy metals; industrial effluents; eutrophication ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The United States Environmental Protection Agency Combustion Research Facility: A commitment to hazardous waste management. AN - 14472624; 1379309 AB - This article describes the the United States Environmental Protection Agency Combustion Research Facility (CRF) located in Jefferson, Arkansas. The program objectives are presented along with a detailed description of the existing facility. A discussion concerning some research conducted to date is presented along with results from the official permit test burn. Future research objectives are presented. JF - J. HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Carnes, A AD - U.S. EPA Combust. Res. Facil., Jefferson, AR 72079, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 197 EP - 206 VL - 13 IS - 2 KW - United States KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - waste management KW - EPA KW - combustion KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14472624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=The+United+States+Environmental+Protection+Agency+Combustion+Research+Facility%3A+A+commitment+to+hazardous+waste+management.&rft.au=Carnes%2C+A&rft.aulast=Carnes&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; waste management; hazardous materials; combustion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of hazardous/toxic waste incineration. AN - 14472423; 1379201 AB - Effective hazardous/toxic waste disposal and safe dumpsite cleanup are two of EPA's major missions in the 1980s. Incineration has been recognized as a very efficient process to destroy the hazardous wastes generated by industry or by the dumpsite remediations. This paper provides an incineration summary ranging from discussion of broad regulatory and permitting requirements through more detailed descriptions of typical incineration processes and monitoring techniques. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Lee, C C AU - Huffman, G L AU - Oberacker, DA AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Res. and Dev. Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 922 EP - 931 VL - 36 IS - 8 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - toxic materials KW - cleaning process KW - hazardous materials KW - incineration KW - waste disposal KW - disposal sites KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14472423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+hazardous%2Ftoxic+waste+incineration.&rft.au=Lee%2C+C+C%3BHuffman%2C+G+L%3BOberacker%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=922&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disposal sites; cleaning process; incineration; hazardous materials; toxic materials; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of federal air standards to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions from new industrial boilers. AN - 14470677; 1378187 AB - Federal new source performance standards to control air emissions of sulfur dioxide from new industrial boilers were proposed by EPA on June 19, 1986. These standards would require boiler owners to reduce SO sub(2) emissions by 90 percent and meet an emission limit of 1.2 lb/MM Btu of heat input for coal-fired boilers and 0.8 lb/MM Btu for oil-fired boilers. In developing these standards, several regulatory options were considered, from standards that could be met by firing low sulfur fuels to standards that would necessitate flue gas treatment. The environmental, economic, and cost impacts of each option were analyzed. National impacts were estimated by a computer model that projects the population of new boilers over the 5-year period following proposal, predicts the compliance strategy that will be used to comply with the particular option (always assuming that the lowest cost method of compliance will be selected), and estimates the resulting emission reductions and costs. Impacts on specific industries and on model boilers were also analyzed. This paper focuses on these analyses and their results. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Byrne, D M AU - Sedman, C B AU - Pahel-Short, R L AD - U.S. EPA, and Off. Air Qual. and Stand., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 888 EP - 893 VL - 36 IS - 8 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - sulfur dioxide KW - boilers KW - air quality standards KW - industrial emissions KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14470677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Development+of+federal+air+standards+to+reduce+sulfur+dioxide+emissions+from+new+industrial+boilers.&rft.au=Byrne%2C+D+M%3BSedman%2C+C+B%3BPahel-Short%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Byrne&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=888&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air quality standards; sulfur dioxide; industrial emissions; boilers; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intercomparison of high-volume PM sub(10) samplers at a site with high particulate concentrations. AN - 14470038; 1379196 JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Purdue, L J AU - Rodes, CE AU - Rehme, KA AU - Holland, D M AU - Bond, A E AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 917 EP - 920 VL - 36 IS - 8 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air sampling KW - filters KW - particulates KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14470038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Intercomparison+of+high-volume+PM+sub%2810%29+samplers+at+a+site+with+high+particulate+concentrations.&rft.au=Purdue%2C+L+J%3BRodes%2C+CE%3BRehme%2C+KA%3BHolland%2C+D+M%3BBond%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Purdue&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - particulates; air sampling; filters ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of single-species, microcosm and experimental pond responses to atrazine exposure. AN - 14469216; 1372296 AB - The authors compared the responses among single-species algal assays, a synthetic microcosm and experimental ponds by comparing concentrations of atrazine that reduced algal activity or biomass to 50% of control values (EC50). Eight algal species were examined; mean species were examined; mean species EC50 values were 103 to 159 mu g/L for super(14)C uptake ranged from 37 to 308 mu g/L. For the Taub micorosm, EC50 values were 103 to 159 mu g/L for super(14)C uptake, 126 to 165 mu g/L for dissolved oxygen production and 106 to 164 mu g/L for dissolved oxygen consumption. Values were dependent on the time intervals selected for calculations. In the ponds, EC50 values for super(14)C uptake were 100 mu g/L and for chlorophyll a, 82 mu g/L. The basic similarity among E C50 values suggests results from a combination of single-species ass ays, of the Taub microcosm, provided a resonable estimate of the con centration of atrazine that produced similar direct effects on more natural communities. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Larsen, D P AU - DeNoyelles, F Jr AU - Stay, F AU - Shiroymama, T AD - Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 179 EP - 190 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - atrazine KW - chemical pollutants KW - comparative studies KW - comparison KW - microenvironments KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - bioassays KW - Freshwater KW - algae KW - ponds KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14469216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+single-species%2C+microcosm+and+experimental+pond+responses+to+atrazine+exposure.&rft.au=Larsen%2C+D+P%3BDeNoyelles%2C+F+Jr%3BStay%2C+F%3BShiroymama%2C+T&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollutants; ponds; comparative studies; toxicity tests; bioassays; algae; microenvironments; atrazine; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of light absorption extinction in Denver. AN - 14468051; 1374156 AB - Simultaneous measurements of b sub(ext) (teleradiometer), b sub(sp) (integrating nephelometer), and b sub(ag) (NO sub(2) monitor) were used to obtain particle absorption extinction coefficients b sub(ap) for the Denver atmosphere during January 1982. The average of the ratio b sub(ap)/b sub(sp) was measured to be 0.185 plus or minus 0.0515 at 530 nm, which is 2-3 times smaller than previous measurements. Supplementary data included b sub(ap) measurements by the integrating plate method, which yielded values systematically higher by about 35%, and elemental carbon (black soot) aerosol concentration, from which a value of 8.0 plus or minus 0.6 m super(2) g super(-1) was obtained for the mass-specific absorption coefficient of elemental carbon. JF - Aerosol Science & Technology AU - Lewis, C W AU - Dzubay, TH AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 325 EP - 336 VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 0278-6826, 0278-6826 KW - Colorado, Denver KW - monitoring measurements KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - soot KW - absorption KW - aerosols KW - light scattering KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14468051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+light+absorption+extinction+in+Denver.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+C+W%3BDzubay%2C+TH&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02786826&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - light scattering; absorption; soot; aerosols ER - TY - CONF T1 - Managing point/nonpoint-source loading: A cost-effective approach to nutrient reduction in the Chesapeake Bay. AN - 14467981; 1371487 AB - Rather than focus on a individual source of pollution and its reduction, the authors focus on the total flow of pollutants and look toward their overall reductions. The authors recommend such an approach in the conceptual construct of the water bubble. Think of all the potential sources of a pollutant affecting the same water body as residing within a single bubble and representing a single source. Within that bubble are pollutants discharged from point sources, such as municipal wastewater treatment plants or industrial facilities, and from nonpoint sources, such as nutrient runoff from agricultural or urban lands. The goal is to reduce the pollutant loadings from the bubble to a target level equivalent to the total loadings under the conventional practice of individual controls. Less concern is placed on the specific loadings from individual sources as long as the same or better water quality is produced and existing controls required by current regulations are maintained as the treatment floor. AU - Kashmanian, R AU - Downing, D AU - Jaksch, J AU - Podar, M Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - ANW, Chesapeake Bay KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - UM-SG-TS-86-03 KW - Marine KW - brackishwater pollution KW - marine pollution KW - cost analysis KW - Brackish KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - pollution control KW - Q2:09444 KW - O 8050:Conferences KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14467981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Managing+point%2Fnonpoint-source+loading%3A+A+cost-effective+approach+to+nutrient+reduction+in+the+Chesapeake+Bay.&rft.au=Kashmanian%2C+R%3BDowning%2C+D%3BJaksch%2C+J%3BPodar%2C+M&rft.aulast=Kashmanian&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of teratogenic potential of trichlorfon in mice and rats. AN - 14462337; 1372776 AB - Trichlorfon was evaluated for its teratogenic potential in the CD-1 mouse at doses of 200, 300 or 400 mg/kg/day administered by gavage on days 7-16 of gestation. In the CD-1 mouse, TCF was teratogenic, fetotoxic and lethal at the two highest dose levels which were also maternally lethal. At the lowest dose level which was not maternally lethal. At the lowest dose level which was not maternally lethal, there was a significant decrease in the number of calcified centers in the forepaws and hindpaws indicating fetotoxicity and a delay in maturation. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes AU - Courtney, K D AU - Andrews, JE AU - Springer, J AD - Toxicol. Branch, Inhal. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Research Lab., EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 207 EP - 228 VL - 21B IS - 3 SN - 0360-1234, 0360-1234 KW - trichlorfon KW - lethality KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - mice KW - rats KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - neonates KW - insecticides KW - teratogenesis KW - toxicology KW - teratogenicity KW - H SM5.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - H SE5.20:INSECTICIDES KW - X 24132:Chronic exposure KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14462337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+teratogenic+potential+of+trichlorfon+in+mice+and+rats.&rft.au=Courtney%2C+K+D%3BAndrews%2C+JE%3BSpringer%2C+J&rft.aulast=Courtney&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=21B&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.issn=03601234&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - teratogenicity; mice; rats; neonates; teratogenesis; insecticides; toxicology; lethality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asbestos lung cancer risks: Comparison of animal and human extrapolations. AN - 14461475; 1365860 AB - Using the most comprehensive inhalation study available, the dose-response effects of the four major types of asbestos fibers (amosite, anthophyllite, crocidolite, and chrysotile: Canadian, Rhodesian) for lung cancer have been determined. From linear regression analysis of the animal data and five human epidemiology studies giving a wide range of risk estimates, slopes of the curves have been determined and lifetime risk estimates made. Projected risks for rats are presented with and without surface area (s.a.) conversion factors. On the basis of cumulative exposure, the geometric mean of the point estimates for human studies (0.0146) is close to the geometric mean of the animal data (0.0179 without s.a.; 0.0122 with s.a. calculations). These values also match if one of the studies is eliminated due to qualitatively different exposure considerations. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Rowe, J N AU - Springer, JA AD - Toxicol. Branch, Off. Pestic. Program Dev. Branch, Off. Toxic Subst., U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 171 EP - 180 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - risks KW - dose-response effects KW - extrapolation KW - carcinoma KW - man KW - dose response effects KW - asbestos KW - rats KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogenesis KW - lung KW - risk assessment KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14461475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Asbestos+lung+cancer+risks%3A+Comparison+of+animal+and+human+extrapolations.&rft.au=Rowe%2C+J+N%3BSpringer%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Rowe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asbestos; lung; rats; carcinogenesis; risk assessment; carcinoma; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Issues in risk assessment in male reproductive toxicology. AN - 14460296; 1372632 AB - Efforts in the area of risk assessment have concentrated primarily on cancer as an outcome. However, attention is now being directed toward the development of strategies for assessing risk to other target systems. The Reproductive Effects Assessment Group in the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. EPA, is involved extensively in that effort in the areas of developmental and reproductive toxicology and mutagenicity. This group is currently preparing risk assessment guidelines for the male and female reproductive systems. Some of the issues associated with hazard identification and dose-response asessment with respect to male reproductive toxicity are discussed in the present paper. JF - Journal of the American College of Toxicology AU - Zenick, H AU - Clegg, ED AD - Reprod. Eff. Assess. Group, Off. Health and Environ. Eff., U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 249 EP - 259 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 0730-0913, 0730-0913 KW - males KW - man KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicology KW - risk assessment KW - reproduction KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14460296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Issues+in+risk+assessment+in+male+reproductive+toxicology.&rft.au=Zenick%2C+H%3BClegg%2C+ED&rft.aulast=Zenick&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=07300913&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - risk assessment; reproduction; toxicology; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute toxicity of pesticides in adult and weanling rats. AN - 14460123; 1372964 AB - LD50 values were determined for 57 pesticides administered by the oral or dermal route to adult male and female Sherman rats. Thirty-six of the chemicals were also tested by the oral route in one sex of weanlings. Nine pesticides tested by the oral route (bufencarb, cacodylic acid, dialifor, deltamethrin, dicamba, diquat, quintozene, phoxim, pyrazon) and four tested by the dermal route (bufencarb, chlordimeform, dichlofenthion, leptophos) were more toxic to females than to males whereas famphur and 2,4,5-T (oral route) were less toxic to females. Eighteen of the test chemicals were more toxic to the adult than to the weanling and four compounds (leptophos, methidathion, pyrazon, and sulfoxide) were more toxic to the weanling. In additional studies the variability of the LD50 value over a 1-year period was examined for two typical insecticides. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Gaines, T B AU - Linder, R E AD - Health Effects Res. Lab., Dev. Biol. Div., Reprod. Toxicol. Branch (MD-72), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 299 EP - 308 VL - 7 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - acute toxicity KW - sex differences KW - rats KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - pesticides KW - H SE5.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY KW - X 24131:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14460123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+toxicity+of+pesticides+in+adult+and+weanling+rats.&rft.au=Gaines%2C+T+B%3BLinder%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Gaines&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides; rats; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multistage model interpretation of additive and multiplicative carcinogenic effects. AN - 14454822; 1365636 AB - Under the assumption of multistage carcinogenesis, a multiplicative carcinogenic effect would be produced by the action of different carcinogens in a mixture on different stages of the carcinogenic process. An additive effect would be produced by the effect of different carcinogens on the same stage. A mathematical argument for these hypotheses is presented here. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Gibb, HJ AU - Chen, C W AD - Carcinog. Assess. Group (RD-689), U.S. EPA, 401 M St. S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 167 EP - 170 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - effects on KW - addition KW - multiplication KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - mathematical models KW - carcinogens KW - carcinogenesis KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14454822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Multistage+model+interpretation+of+additive+and+multiplicative+carcinogenic+effects.&rft.au=Gibb%2C+HJ%3BChen%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Gibb&rft.aufirst=HJ&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; mathematical models; carcinogenesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of pesticide root zone model predictions with observed concentrations for the tobacco pesticide metalaxyl in unsaturated zone soils. AN - 14450019; 1360500 AB - The pesticide root zone model (PRZM) was developed to evaluate pesticide leaching threats to ground water for different crops under varying climatic conditions, soil characteristics and cropping practices. In this study, PRZM was evaluated to establish its predictive capability by comparing observed metalaxyl concentration profiles with predicted concentration profiles using field-averaged pesticide data and best estimates for several hydrologic characteristics and pesticide transport properties at field sites in Florida and Maryland. Coefficients of determination for the Florida site at 26, 55 and 85 d after application of 0.33, 0.90 and 0.95, respectively, were obtained when field observations were regressed against model predictions. An overall coefficient of determination for the Maryland site of 0.75 was determined for 14 samplings after metalaxyl application. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Carsel, R F AU - Nixon, W B AU - Ballantine, L G AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 345 EP - 354 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - soils KW - groundwater KW - Maryland KW - metalaxyl KW - soil pollution KW - ground water KW - Ecology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - fungicides KW - Florida KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - H SE5.21:FUNGICIDES KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - D 04802:Pollution characteristics and fate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14450019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+pesticide+root+zone+model+predictions+with+observed+concentrations+for+the+tobacco+pesticide+metalaxyl+in+unsaturated+zone+soils.&rft.au=Carsel%2C+R+F%3BNixon%2C+W+B%3BBallantine%2C+L+G&rft.aulast=Carsel&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Florida; leaching; fungicides; groundwater; pesticides; soil pollution; ground water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A demonstration of INPUFF with the MATS data base. AN - 14441461; 1355508 AB - An integrated puff model, INPUFF, is evaluated using the MATS data base. A brief description of the model is provided outlining the salient characteristics. A description of the MATS data base, which consists of 14 SF sub(6) tracer releases with associated meteorology, is also provided. INPUFF slightly overestimated peak concentrations. Since the SF sub(6) puffs were well mixed for every tracer release, model performance is very sensitive to estimates of the mixing heights. The absolute mean fractional error between two techniques for estimating the mixing height is 0.87, which indicates a large uncertainty in this very important input parameter. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Petersen, W B AD - Meteorol. and Assess. Div., Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1341 EP - 1346 VL - 20 IS - 7 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - INPUFF KW - MATS KW - air quality KW - data bases KW - mathematical models KW - meteorology KW - tracers KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14441461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=A+demonstration+of+INPUFF+with+the+MATS+data+base.&rft.au=Petersen%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Petersen&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; air quality; tracers; data bases; meteorology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's LIMB development and demonstration program. AN - 14439041; 1343789 AB - This paper describes and discusses key design features of the retrofit of EPA's Limestone Injection Multistage Burner (LIMB) system to an operating, wall-fired utility boiler at Ohio Edison's Edgewater Station, based on the preliminary engineering design. It further describes results of pertinent projects in EPA's LIMB program and shows how these results were used as the basis for the design of the system. The full-scale demonstration is expected to prove the effectiveness and cost of the LIMB concept for use on large-scale utility boilers. To date, a preliminary engineering design for the Edgewater unit has been prepared incorporating the technology developed in smaller-scale studies. The schedule calls for system start-up March 1987. EPA is engaged in a multiyear program to develop an improved control technology for emission of sulfur and nitrogen oxides from the combustion of fossil fuels. The stechnology involves staged-flow coal burners and injection of a reactive sorbent into the furnace to reduce emissions. The program includes fundamental studies of reaction chemistry and kinetics, bench and pilot scale experimental studies, a full-scale demonstration, and economic and applicability studies. It is structured to establish a basis for future public sector commercialization, as well as help in understanding the technology's controlling factors. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Hendriks, R V AU - Nolan, P S AD - U.S. EPA Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 432 EP - 439 VL - 36 IS - 4 KW - LIMB KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - combustion KW - emission control KW - fossil fuels KW - EPA KW - economics KW - nitrogen oxides KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14439041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+LIMB+development+and+demonstration+program.&rft.au=Hendriks%2C+R+V%3BNolan%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Hendriks&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - emission control; nitrogen oxides; economics; combustion; fossil fuels; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characteristics of vertical turbulent velocities in the urban convective boundary layer. AN - 14435295; 1343043 AB - Turbulence measurements of the vertical velocity component were obtained by an instrumented aircraft under fair weather conditions in the St. Louis, Missouri, metropolitan area. Time series of vertical velocity fluctuations from horizontal flight segments made in the lower part of and near the middle of the convective boundary layer (CBL) over the urban area and surrounding region were subjected to various statistical and objective analyses. Higher order vertical velocity moments, and positive and negative velocity statistics, were computed. The horizontal dimensions of updrafts and downdrafts, and related properties of these turbulent eddies were derived by conditional sampling analysis. Emphasis is on a comparison of the results from urban and selected rural measurements from the lower part of the CBL. The vertical velocity probability density distribution for each segment was positively skewed and the mode was negative. The means and standard deviations of positive and negative velocity fluctuations were greater over the urban area. The urban vertical velocity variance was 50% greater than rural values, and power spectra revealed greater production of vertical turbulent energy in the urban area over a wide frequency range. JF - BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROL. AU - Godowitch, J M AD - Meteorol. and Assess. Div., Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 387 EP - 407 VL - 35 IS - 4 KW - monitoring measurements KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - velocity KW - turbulence KW - meteorology KW - boundary layers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14435295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BOUNDARY-LAYER+METEOROL.&rft.atitle=Characteristics+of+vertical+turbulent+velocities+in+the+urban+convective+boundary+layer.&rft.au=Godowitch%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Godowitch&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=387&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BOUNDARY-LAYER+METEOROL.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary layers; meteorology; turbulence; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous waste destruction. AN - 14435139; 1343210 AB - Thermal techniques will be increasingly used as legal restrictions on land disposal take effect. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Oppelt, E T AD - EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 312 EP - 318 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - legal aspects KW - land application KW - environmental protection KW - hazardous materials KW - pyrolysis KW - incineration KW - thermodynamics KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14435139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Hazardous+waste+destruction.&rft.au=Oppelt%2C+E+T&rft.aulast=Oppelt&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=312&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - thermodynamics; hazardous materials; pyrolysis; incineration; land application; legal aspects; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of treatment alternatives for wastes containing-nonsolvent halogenated organics. AN - 14434005; 1343138 AB - The Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act direct the Environmental Protection Agency to determine the available treatment technologies for a number of hazardous waste streams, including halogenated organics. If it is determined that existing technology and capacity is sufficient for the safe management of the designated halogenated organic wastes, these wastes will be prohibited from land disposal, effective July 8, 1987. This article summarizes the general characteristics and treatment alternatives for this waste category. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Turner, R J AD - Hazardous Waste Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 728 EP - 736 VL - 36 IS - 6 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste treatment KW - organic wastes KW - legislation KW - RCRA KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14434005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=A+review+of+treatment+alternatives+for+wastes+containing-nonsolvent+halogenated+organics.&rft.au=Turner%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=728&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic wastes; waste treatment; legislation; RCRA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitric acid-air diffusion coefficient: Experimental determination. AN - 14433912; 1343238 AB - Trace gaseous HNO sub(3) in air is removed in a laminar flow nylon tube. The HNO sub(3) deposition pattern was obtained by sectioning the tube, extracting with an aqueous solution, and measuring the concentration by ion chromatography. Mass transport analysis of the deposition pattern demonstrated the HNO sub(3) was removed from the air stream at a rate controlled by gaseous diffusion. The HNO sub(3)-air diffusion coefficient = 0.118 plus or minus 0.003 cm super(2)s super(-1) (n = 7) for T = 298 K and P = 1 atm. It exhibited no dependence on relative humidity over the range 5-95%. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Durham, J L AU - Stockburger, L AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 559 EP - 563 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - monitoring measurements KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - chromatography KW - diffusion KW - nitric acid KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14433912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Nitric+acid-air+diffusion+coefficient%3A+Experimental+determination.&rft.au=Durham%2C+J+L%3BStockburger%2C+L&rft.aulast=Durham&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nitric acid; chromatography; air quality; diffusion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Federal evaluation of stripmine reclamation. AN - 14433346; 1344490 AB - EPA Region III recently initiated a study to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with the use of municipal sludge to reclaim stripmines. The site evaluation offers the potential for dealing with two significant environmental issues of concern to us in Region III: stripmine reclamation and sludge utilization. Evaluation results consistent with the monitoring data collected from many other reclaimed sites across the country should increase public acceptance of future reclamation projects. Study recommendations for improving the existing permitting system and reclamation processes will be proposed for implementation. JF - WATER POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. PA MAG. AU - D'Angelo, B AD - U.S. EPA, Region III, Philadelphia, PA, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 26 VL - 19 IS - 3 KW - surface mining KW - Pennsylvania KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - data collection KW - sludge disposal KW - land reclamation KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14433346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.+PA+MAG.&rft.atitle=Federal+evaluation+of+stripmine+reclamation.&rft.au=D%27Angelo%2C+B&rft.aulast=D%27Angelo&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.+PA+MAG.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - land reclamation; sludge disposal; data collection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of the formation of a Portland Cement Plant detached plume. AN - 14431973; 1343142 AB - A gaseous and particulate source emissions sampling program has been conducted at a Portland Cement production plant in Rapid City South Dakota. The study was conducted to determine the cause of the formation of an opaque detached plume from the plants' dry process kiln. The instack opacity of the emissions was less than 10 percent while the opacity of the plume five to ten stack diameters from the mouth of the stack was in excess of 40 percent, thus giving an appearance of a detached plume. The sampling and analysis program included particulate emissions measurements, particle sizing and composition, and measurements of gaseous and particle ammonia, chloride, fluoride, and sulfur dioxide. Extensive process materials sampling and analysis were also conducted. Based on the resulting data one conclusion is that the opaque detached plume is the result of ammonium chloride particles formed by the reaction of gaseous ammonia and hydrochloric acid. It was also found that the ammonia in the cement plant was generated from the shale portion of the raw products when the raw product was passed through the heat exchanger. JF - . 1986. AU - Cheney, J L AU - Knapp, K T AD - EPA, Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - cement KW - plumes KW - stacks KW - emission control KW - heat exchangers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SI1.20:CEMENT INDUSTRIES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14431973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+the+formation+of+a+Portland+Cement+Plant+detached+plume.&rft.au=Cheney%2C+J+L%3BKnapp%2C+K+T&rft.aulast=Cheney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - PB86-194420/GAR. N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Altered lung function and structure in the rat after subchronic exposure to acrolein. AN - 14431214; 1341777 AB - Lung mechanics and diffusion and associated structural correlates were evaluated in groups of 24 male Fischer-344 rats exposed 62 days (6 h/day, 5 days/wk) to 0, 0.4, 1.4, or 4.0 ppm acrolein. Exposure to 4.0 ppm resulted in depressed flow-volume curves, leftward shifts of the compliance curve, and enlarged lung volumes, suggesting airway obstruction. Air-flow dysfunction correlated with the presence of focal peribronchial lesions and lung elastin concentrations. In contrast, the flow-volume dynamics of the 0.4 ppm rats were significantly enhanced without corresponding lung histologic and compositional changes. Rats exposed to 1.4 ppm were not functionally different from control animals, but did have infrequent bronchiolar lesions and marginally increased collagen. All exposure groups exhibited increases in DL sub(CO) that correlated with lung tissue surface area, apparently related to alveolar hyperinflation and possibly lung tissue growth. Acrolein produces distinct functional lesions at 0.4 and 4.0 ppm, which, when present at an intermediate exposure challenge, appear to sum algebraically and obscure the presence of disease JF - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AU - Costa, D L AU - Kutzman, R S AU - Lehmann, J R AU - Drew, R T AD - EPA-HERL, MD-82, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 286 EP - 291 VL - 133 IS - 2 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - effects on KW - function KW - structure KW - acrolein KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14431214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.atitle=Altered+lung+function+and+structure+in+the+rat+after+subchronic+exposure+to+acrolein.&rft.au=Costa%2C+D+L%3BKutzman%2C+R+S%3BLehmann%2C+J+R%3BDrew%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Costa&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lung ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment toxicity to a marine infaunal amphipod: Cadmium and its interaction with sewage sludge. AN - 14425130; 1337090 AB - The acute toxicity of cadmium to the marine infaunal amphipod, Rhepoxynius abronius , was determined separately in sediment and seawater. Most cadmium added to test sediment was bound to particles and less than 5% was dissolved in interstitial water. The LC sub(50) based on cadmium concentration in interstitial water was similar to the LC sub(50) based on cadmium concentration in seawater without sediment. Cadmium in interstitial water, rather than that bound to particles, therefore appears responsible for acute sediment toxicity to this species. The addition of small quantities of sewage sludge or an increase in the proportion of the fine fraction of sediment particles significantly reduced the toxicity of cadmium in sediment. JF - Marine environmental research. London AU - Swartz, R C AU - Ditsworth, G R AU - Schults, D W AU - Lamberson, JO AD - U.S. EPA, Mark O. Hatfield Mar. Sci. Cent., Newport, OR 97365, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 133 EP - 153 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - interaction KW - cadmium KW - toxicity tests KW - interactions KW - sewage sludge KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - sewage KW - Rhepoxynius abronius KW - toxicity KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14425130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.atitle=Sediment+toxicity+to+a+marine+infaunal+amphipod%3A+Cadmium+and+its+interaction+with+sewage+sludge.&rft.au=Swartz%2C+R+C%3BDitsworth%2C+G+R%3BSchults%2C+D+W%3BLamberson%2C+JO&rft.aulast=Swartz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rhepoxynius abronius; cadmium; sewage; toxicity; sewage sludge; toxicity tests; interactions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Delineating toxic areas by canine olfaction. AN - 14418320; 1332838 AB - A research project was undertaken to learn how the highly acute olfactory sensitivity of the canine could be applied with advantage to environmental problems. The objectives were to determine how dogs could be trained to detect hazardous and toxic pollutants in the environment and how the dogs' responses could be used by environmental workers to improve sampling efficiency and to help delineate contaminated sites that might be encountered in spills and improper disposal incidents. Three dogs were trained to recognize and locate chemicals selected from the toxic and hazardous chemical lists. One of these dogs was trained to respond upon detection of chemical scents at extremely low airborne concentrations such as those that might exist at the outer perimeter of a disposal site. Throughout the project, the safety and health of both dog and handler were carefully considered. JF - J. HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Arner, L D AU - Johnson, G R AU - Skovronek, H S AD - U.S. EPA, Hazardous Waste Eng. Res. Lab., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 375 EP - 381 VL - 13 IS - 3 KW - detection KW - chemicals KW - dogs KW - sense organ pathology KW - odors KW - disposal sites KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - waste disposal sites KW - olfaction KW - environmental protection KW - training KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - R 18160:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14418320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=Delineating+toxic+areas+by+canine+olfaction.&rft.au=Arner%2C+L+D%3BJohnson%2C+G+R%3BSkovronek%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Arner&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - training; odors; environmental protection; disposal sites; olfaction; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory spawning cues in Menidia beryllina and M. peninsulae (Pisces, Atherinidae) with notes on survival and growth of larvae at different salinities. AN - 14411006; 1323302 AB - Spawning patterns of inland silversides, Menidia beryllina , and tidewater silversides, Menidia peninsulae , were examined in the laboratory under several combinations of "tidal" and diel light cycle cues. M. beryllina showed a high frequency of spawning throughout the day when held under constant conditions (24L: OD, current velocity 8 cm sec super(-1)) and when "tidal" and diel light cycles were presented singly or in combination. In contrast, M. peninsulae demonstrated a high frequency of spawning only when presented a combination of "tidal" and diel light cycle cues and spawned predominantly at night. Menidia beryllina embryos were euryhaline. Hatching ranged from 73 to 78% at salinities of 5, 15, and 30 ppt. M. peninsulae embryos showed an inverse relationship between the percentage hatch and the incubation salinity, 90% at 5ppt and only 65% at 30 ppt. Survival and growth of larval M. beryllina from the day of hatching through 16 days old was optimal at 15 ppt. JF - Environmental biology of fishes. The Hague AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Hemmer, MJ AU - Lamadrid-Rose, Y AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze Environ. Res. Lab., Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 107 EP - 117 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - fish larvae KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Menidia beryllina KW - environmental factors KW - spawning KW - Menidia peninsulae KW - survival KW - salinity tolerance KW - growth KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Y 25425:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14411006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+biology+of+fishes.+The+Hague&rft.atitle=Laboratory+spawning+cues+in+Menidia+beryllina+and+M.+peninsulae+%28Pisces%2C+Atherinidae%29+with+notes+on+survival+and+growth+of+larvae+at+different+salinities.&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BHemmer%2C+MJ%3BLamadrid-Rose%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+biology+of+fishes.+The+Hague&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Menidia beryllina; Menidia peninsulae; spawning; salinity tolerance; fish larvae; survival; growth; environmental factors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of gamma -hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane) to determine the ontogeny of metabolism in the developing rat. AN - 14410641; 1318719 AB - The compound lindane ( gamma -hexachlorocyclohexane) has been used to study the ontogeny of metabolism in the developing Fischer 344 rat. The distribution and metabolic fate of lindane at 2, 9, 16, and 23 d of age was investigated following subcutaneous administration of lindane at 20 mg/kg containing 0.5 mu Ci (U- super(14)C)lindane in peanut oil. Groups of 10 pups (5 male and 5 female) were sacrificed at 4-h intervals during the 24-h period following dosing. Adrenals, blood, brain, heart, lung, liver, and kidneys were analyzed for radioactivity. Urine samples were analyzed for radioactivity and metabolites of lindane. There was a significant age-dependent increase in the metabolism of lindane in the rat. High levels of radioactivity in the lung and increased reductive dechlorination suggest that the lung may play a greater role in metabolism of lindane by young rats. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Copeland, M F AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Cooke, N AU - Whitehouse, DA AU - Hill, D M AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Cent., Dev. Biol. Div., Perinatal Toxicol. Branch, MD-67, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 527 EP - 542 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - lindane KW - metabolism KW - toxicology KW - rats KW - H SE5.20:INSECTICIDES KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14410641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Use+of+gamma+-hexachlorocyclohexane+%28lindane%29+to+determine+the+ontogeny+of+metabolism+in+the+developing+rat.&rft.au=Copeland%2C+M+F%3BChadwick%2C+R+W%3BCooke%2C+N%3BWhitehouse%2C+DA%3BHill%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rats; lindane; metabolism; toxicology; insecticides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computer-based land classification for management of hazardous waste. AN - 14409120; 1247639 AB - The classification of land based on regional attributes of climate, geology and biota is facilitated by using a computer to organize and correlate existing data bases into generalized maps useful for environmental research and resource management. A procedure for producing generalized low resolution ecological maps is discussed and an outline describing the use of the maps in the management of hazardous waste is presented. While the focus of many hazardous waste studies is upon human health effects, the emphasis of this approach is on ecological effects. The mapping is a part of the EPA Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory's Assessment Program. This program examines the bioavailability of complex chemicals from hazardous waste sites using labortory bioassays. Since bioavailability can be influenced directly by the soil environment within the context of regional biology, geology, and climate, the ecological maps described in this paper can be useful in defining hazardous waste bioavailability potentials on a regional basis. JF - HAZARDOUS WASTE HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Shirazi, MA AU - Peterson, SA AU - Lowrie, L AU - Hart, J W AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 77 EP - 100 VL - 3 IS - 1 KW - waste management KW - disposal sites KW - land classification KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - computer applications KW - environmental protection KW - data bases KW - ecology KW - waste disposal KW - D 04902:Recreation/landscaping KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14409120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HAZARDOUS+WASTE+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=Computer-based+land+classification+for+management+of+hazardous+waste.&rft.au=Shirazi%2C+MA%3BPeterson%2C+SA%3BLowrie%2C+L%3BHart%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Shirazi&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HAZARDOUS+WASTE+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer applications; waste management; data bases; ecology; disposal sites; environmental protection; waste disposal; land classification ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An optimum groundwater transport model for application to the assessment of health effects due to land disposal of radioactive wastes. AN - 14406639; 1315512 AB - This paper presents a groundwater transport model for simulating radionuclide transport in an aquifer, using an approximate solution of the basic transport equation. The model is designed to avoid (1) relatively high computer simulation costs normally experienced in numerical models and (2) the large errors sometimes introduced when the physical boundary conditions are converted to a mathematical form suitable for the analytical model. The model neglects initially the effect of radionuclide transport through dispersion and compensates for this effect subsequently with a health effects correction factor. This correction factor is found to be a function of the Peclet number, a dimensionless parameter expressing the relative importance of diffusion and convective transportation, and the "transport number," which has been defined and can be determined by using the parameters of the groundwater transport system. The model has a low cost of simulation and yet maintains reasonable accuracy of predicting the cumulative radionuclide flowing through a section. This is the primary output expected from a groundwater transport model for health effects assessments. The model has been integrated into the PRESTO-EPA model designed for the prediction of radiation effects due to a shallow-trench operation. JF - NUCL. CHEM. WASTE MANAGE. AU - Hung, CY AD - Off. Radiat. Programs, U.S. EPA., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 41 EP - 50 VL - 6 IS - 1 KW - pollutant dispersion KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - computer applications KW - groundwater KW - radioisotopes KW - land application KW - radioactive wastes KW - mathematical models KW - aquifers KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - H SI4.24:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14406639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NUCL.+CHEM.+WASTE+MANAGE.&rft.atitle=An+optimum+groundwater+transport+model+for+application+to+the+assessment+of+health+effects+due+to+land+disposal+of+radioactive+wastes.&rft.au=Hung%2C+CY&rft.aulast=Hung&rft.aufirst=CY&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NUCL.+CHEM.+WASTE+MANAGE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - groundwater; radioactive wastes; computer applications; mathematical models; aquifers; land application; radioisotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-methane organic composition in the Lincoln Tunnel. AN - 14406160; 1315088 AB - Measurements of the non-methane organic carbon (NMOC) are reported for the Lincoln Tunnel from a 1982 study. The NMOC levels in the tunnel were a factor of approximately 4 lower than those found in a similar study performed in 1970. This decrease probably reflects reduced vehicular tailpipe emissions due to the utilization of catalyst-equipped vehicles. Acetylene concentrations in the tunnel decreased to a greater extent than many of the other major individual hydrocarbon compounds during the 1970-1982 period. This decrease was attributed to the preferential oxidation of acetylene by the catalytic converter installed on vehicles beginning with the 1975 model year. New NMOC compounds and sum of NMOC compounds to acetylene ratios are reported. These ratios are useful in the estimation of the vehicular tailpipe emission contribution to NMOC levels observed in urban and industrial areas. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Lonneman, WA AU - Seila, R L AU - Meeks, SA AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., Off. Res. and Dev., U.S. E.P.A., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 790 EP - 796 VL - 20 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Lincoln Tunnel KW - monitoring measurements KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - emission control KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - hydrocarbons KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H ST2.26:EMISSIONS AND EMISSION CONTROL UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14406160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Non-methane+organic+composition+in+the+Lincoln+Tunnel.&rft.au=Lonneman%2C+WA%3BSeila%2C+R+L%3BMeeks%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Lonneman&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=790&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrocarbons; automotive exhaust emissions; emission control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental gradients in Northwest freshwater wetlands. AN - 14405714; 1323311 AB - Wetland environmental characteristics are examined to determine their spatial and temporal relationships. Two very different Oregon freshwater wetlands provided a range of wetland types. Results are evaluated to determine the possible use of environmental characteristics in defining wetlands and their boundaries. Representative physical, hydrological, and edaphic properties were periodically measured in microplots along upland/wetland transects. A multivariate approach is stressed in the data analysis; correlation, cluster analysis, and principal components analyses were used. The results indicate the environmental characteristics change in a quantifiable manner both spatially and temporally. The controlling mechanism is moisture, spatially in terms of the upland/wetland transect and temporally with respect to seasonal response. These changes do not correlate well with vegetation. JF - Environmental Management AU - Sanville, W D AU - Eilers, H P AU - Boss, T R AU - Pfleeger, T G AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 125 EP - 134 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Oregon KW - classification systems KW - environmental management KW - environmental surveys KW - spatial distribution KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - wetlands KW - surveys KW - USA, Oregon KW - Q2 09263:Topography and morphology KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04200:Wetlands KW - H SE1.22:LAKE AND RIVER ECOLOGY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14405714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Environmental+gradients+in+Northwest+freshwater+wetlands.&rft.au=Sanville%2C+W+D%3BEilers%2C+H+P%3BBoss%2C+T+R%3BPfleeger%2C+T+G&rft.aulast=Sanville&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wetlands; surveys; classification systems; environmental surveys; spatial distribution; USA, Oregon; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling of phytoplankton in Saginaw Bay: II. Post-audit phase. AN - 14405143; 1315253 AB - A phytoplankton simulation model was previously developed and calibrated to an extensive set of baseline data for 1974 and 1975 on Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Comparisons are made between a priori model predictions and an extensive set of resurvey data acquired in 1980, subsequent to the implementation of controls on phosphorus loadings. The response of the bay is consistent with trends of model prediction ranges, but not with their absolute values in all cases. Observations are consistent with the prediction that threshold odor violations in the municipal water supply would be eliminated with total phosphorus tributary loadings that occurred in 1980. Model predictions are consistent with the observations that total phosphorus concentration decreased by a much smaller proportion than the decrease in tributary loadings, and that phytoplankton concentrations, especially blue-greens, decreased by larger proportions than total phosphorus concentrations. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Bierman, VJ Jr AU - Dolan, D M AD - US EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., South Ferry Rd., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 415 EP - 432 VL - 112 IS - 2 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Saginaw Bay KW - Lake Huron KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - phytoplankton KW - water supplies KW - phosphorus KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE1.23:FAUNA AND FLORA ECOLOGY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14405143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+phytoplankton+in+Saginaw+Bay%3A+II.+Post-audit+phase.&rft.au=Bierman%2C+VJ+Jr%3BDolan%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Bierman&rft.aufirst=VJ&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - phytoplankton; water supplies; phosphorus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air monitoring is not enough to estimate future asbestos hazards. AN - 14404841; 1315116 AB - Data cannot account for changes in the environment, and there is no health-based air quality standard. JF - OCCUP. SAF. HEALTH. AU - Schanamann AD - EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 31 EP - 35 VL - 55 IS - 8 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - asbestos KW - air quality standards KW - hazards KW - materials testing KW - buildings KW - air sampling KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SI1.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14404841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=OCCUP.+SAF.+HEALTH.&rft.atitle=Air+monitoring+is+not+enough+to+estimate+future+asbestos+hazards.&rft.au=Schanamann&rft.aulast=Schanamann&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=OCCUP.+SAF.+HEALTH.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special section: Hazardous wastes. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asbestos; air sampling; air quality standards; buildings; materials testing; hazards ER - TY - CONF T1 - The risk assessment process. AN - 14403535; 1255400 AB - About two years ago, as we saw the risk assessment/risk management framework begin to prevail at EPA, it became clear that a certain amount of education was absolutely necessary on both sides. At that time, the scientists, ORD, took the lead and worked on trying to figure out a way to explain the risk assessment process to non-scientists. What we came up with was a fascinating exercise in not only explaining ourselves to others, but learning to understand ourselves. What we did was to develop a workshop on risk assessment that was designed for non-scientists. The course was first given just over a year ago in Easton, Maryland, to a collection of government officials, lawyers, judges, reporters, congressional staff, leaders of business and industry, public interest groups--pretty much a cross-section of the public with whom we deal, or whom our work affects. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Ehreth, D J Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 787 EP - 788 VL - 36 IS - 7 KW - monitoring measurements KW - dose response effects KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air pollution control KW - risk assessment KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14403535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=The+risk+assessment+process.&rft.au=Ehreth%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Ehreth&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=787&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative toxicity of six test chemicals to lettuce using two root elongation test methods. AN - 14396832; 1255552 AB - Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L., cv buttercrunch) was used to evaluate and compare the results from two different root elongation phytotoxicity test methods with the same six test substances. Seeds were either germinated in the dark on an inclined filter paper substrate with one end immersed in test solution or germinated in 0.1 strength nutrient solution with a 16 hr light period in a glass bulb mixed and aerated with compressed air. Sodium fluoride, monosodium methanearsonate and monuron reduced lettuce root length at similar concentrations for both methods, while cadmium chloride and 2,4-D root inhibition occurred at concentrations approximately one order of magnitude smaller in the solution culture method than in the substrate method. Two orders of magnitude difference were observed between the two methods for silver nitrate. The results indicate that the solution method is at least as sensitive for all the chemicals tested and much more sensitive for some. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Ratsch, H C AU - Johndro, D AD - Toxic and Hazardous Mater. Branch, Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 267 EP - 276 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - phototoxicants KW - 2,4-D KW - cadmium chloride KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - environmental monitoring KW - laboratory testing KW - Lactuca sativa KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - H SE2.20:CROP CONTAMINATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14396832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Comparative+toxicity+of+six+test+chemicals+to+lettuce+using+two+root+elongation+test+methods.&rft.au=Ratsch%2C+H+C%3BJohndro%2C+D&rft.aulast=Ratsch&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lactuca sativa; laboratory testing; environmental monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An estimation of daily food usage factors for assessing radionuclide intakes in the U.S. population. AN - 14396720; 1255509 JF - Health Physics AU - Yang, Y Y AU - Nelson, C B AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Radiat. Programs (ANR-46), Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 245 EP - 257 VL - 50 IS - 2 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - consumption KW - foods KW - United States KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - radioisotopes KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - H SE4.24:FOOD CONTAMINATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14396720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=An+estimation+of+daily+food+usage+factors+for+assessing+radionuclide+intakes+in+the+U.S.+population.&rft.au=Yang%2C+Y+Y%3BNelson%2C+C+B&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - radioisotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methodology for designing air quality monitoring networks. II. Application to Las Vegas, Nevada, for carbon monoxide. AN - 14396211; 1247825 AB - An objective methodology presented in a companion paper (Liu et al., 1986) for determining the optimum number and disposition of ambient air quality stations in a monitoring network for carbon monoxide is applied to the Las Vegas, Nevada, area. The methodology utilizes an air quality simulation model to produce temporally-varying air quality patterns for each of a limited number of meteorological scenarios representative of the region of interest. These air quality patterns in turn serve as the data base in a two-step procedure for the identification and ranking of the most desirable monitoring locations (step 1) and the removal of redundancies in spatial coverage among the desired locations (step 2). The performance of the air quality simulation model, a key element in the design methodology, was evaluated in the Las Vegas area in a special field measurement program. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - McElroy, J L AU - Behar, J V AU - Meyers, T C AU - Liu, M K AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., Las Vegas, NV 89114, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 13 EP - 34 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - carbon dioxide KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - pollution monitoring KW - USA, Nevada, Las Vegas KW - air pollution KW - environmental monitoring KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14396211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Methodology+for+designing+air+quality+monitoring+networks.+II.+Application+to+Las+Vegas%2C+Nevada%2C+for+carbon+monoxide.&rft.au=McElroy%2C+J+L%3BBehar%2C+J+V%3BMeyers%2C+T+C%3BLiu%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=McElroy&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Nevada, Las Vegas; air pollution; pollution monitoring; carbon dioxide; environmental monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fenvalerate concentrations in the vegetation, insects, and small mammals of an old-field ecosystem. AN - 14390130; 1252717 JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Bennett, R S AU - Klaas, EE AU - Coats, J R AU - Kolbe, E J AD - Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 200 S. W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 785 EP - 792 VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - fenvalerate KW - crop fields KW - succession KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - vegetation KW - bioaccumulation KW - pest control KW - Insecta KW - insecticides KW - Mammalia KW - residues KW - pollution effects KW - pesticide residues KW - H SE5.20:INSECTICIDES KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - Z 05205:Populations & general ecology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14390130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Fenvalerate+concentrations+in+the+vegetation%2C+insects%2C+and+small+mammals+of+an+old-field+ecosystem.&rft.au=Bennett%2C+R+S%3BKlaas%2C+EE%3BCoats%2C+J+R%3BKolbe%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=785&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Insecta; Mammalia; pesticide residues; bioaccumulation; pollution effects; vegetation; residues; insecticides; pest control; crop fields; succession ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous waste treatment research. AN - 14388752; 1255708 AB - The Alternative Technologies Division's research program provides technical support to the regulatory offices of the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). In implementing this program for the agency, treatm ent processes - both existing and emerging, but not yet commercialized -are to be examined. As the research program progresses, the information obtained will be transferred to the authors' regional offices - state and local agencies-and to the regulated community. They program to examine existing treatment includes biological, chemical, physical and thermal destruction processes. JF - Chemical Engineering Progress AU - Dial, C J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 16 EP - 20 VL - 82 IS - 6 SN - 0360-7275, 0360-7275 KW - research and development KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - technology KW - chemical wastes KW - chemical industry KW - hazardous materials KW - research programs KW - waste treatment KW - H SI6.24:TEXTILE INDUSTRIES KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14388752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Engineering+Progress&rft.atitle=Hazardous+waste+treatment+research.&rft.au=Dial%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Dial&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Engineering+Progress&rft.issn=03607275&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - research programs; hazardous materials; waste treatment; technology; chemical industry; chemical wastes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of measurement uncertainty on air quality summary statistics. AN - 14387134; 1233748 AB - This paper examines the effects of measurement uncertainty on various summary statistics that are routinely used in air quality data analysis. Analytical approximations and computer simulation techniques are employed to illustrate and quantify how the uncertainty associated with an individual measurement results in an uncertainty for different summary statistics. Measurement uncertainty may be viewed as consisting of bias and imprecision. It is shown that even when there is no bias for individual measurements it is possible for imprecision alone to result in bias for certain commonly used summary statistics. Different types of statistics are shown to be less influenced by measurement imprecision and, consequently, a data set may be acceptable for some purpose but not for others. The desired precision of the summary statistic may be viewed as a guide in determining an acceptable level of imprecision for individual measurements. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Curran, T C AU - Suggs, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Air Qual. Plann. and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 571 EP - 576 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - data analysis KW - monitoring KW - monitoring measurements KW - air pollution KW - air quality standards KW - computer applications KW - data collection KW - simulation KW - statistical analysis KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14387134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Effects+of+measurement+uncertainty+on+air+quality+summary+statistics.&rft.au=Curran%2C+T+C%3BSuggs%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Curran&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air quality standards; computer applications; simulation; air pollution; data collection; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen dioxide exposure and lung antioxidants in ascorbic acid-deficient guinea pigs. AN - 14383616; 1245992 AB - The authors have previously found that ascorbic acid (AA) deficiency in guinea pigs enhances the pulmonary toxicity of nitrogen dioxide (NO sub(2)). The present study showed that exposure to NO sub(2) significantly increased lung lavage fluid protein only in guinea pigs fed rabbit chow for at least 7 days, at which time lung AA was about 50% of normal. Exposure of the guinea pigs to NO sub(2) increased wet lung weight and further altered the antioxidants in deficient animals in the following manner: NPSH content was increased to 130% of control, AT was decreased to 74% of control, and AA was increased from 15 to 50% of control. The findings suggest that depletion of AA in guinea pigs removes an important defense against NO sub(2). Conditions in which NO sub(2) produced edema were accompanied by only a slight consumption of AT, and no detectable oxidation of lung AA or NPSH. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Hatch, GE AU - Slade, R AU - Selgrade, MJK AU - Stead, A G AD - MD-82, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 351 EP - 359 VL - 82 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - deficiency KW - relationship KW - effects on KW - ascorbic acid KW - man KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - antioxidants KW - toxicity KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14383616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+dioxide+exposure+and+lung+antioxidants+in+ascorbic+acid-deficient+guinea+pigs.&rft.au=Hatch%2C+GE%3BSlade%2C+R%3BSelgrade%2C+MJK%3BStead%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Hatch&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lung; antioxidants; nitrogen dioxide; toxicity; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detecting waste combustion emissions. Several advanced methods are useful for sampling air contaminants from hazardous waste incinerator stacks. AN - 14347965; 1178368 AB - Research on developing adequate methods of sampling and analysis of the emissions is in progress. These sampling methods are generally applicable not only to incineration but also to processes closely related to incineration, such as the cofiring of waste in industrial boilers and the burning of contaminated heating oil. Although this article briefly discusses methods for sampling inorganic hazardous compounds, its primary emphasis is on ways of sampling organic compounds likely to be designated as principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs) for a trial burn. These methods employ equipment such as the modified method five train (MM5), which includes an XAD-2 sorbent module; the source assessment sampling system (SASS); the recently developed volatile organic sampling train (VOST); and assorted containers such as glass bulbs and plastic bags. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Johnson, L D AD - EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 223 EP - 227 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - pollutant detection KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - stacks KW - combustion KW - waste treatment KW - organic compounds KW - incinerators KW - air sampling KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14347965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Detecting+waste+combustion+emissions.+Several+advanced+methods+are+useful+for+sampling+air+contaminants+from+hazardous+waste+incinerator+stacks.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - combustion; incinerators; stacks; air sampling; organic compounds; waste treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stratospheric ozone protection plan. AN - 14308072; 1134908 AB - This notice describe recent activities related to protection of the stratospheric ozone layer and outlines EPA's program plan for future examination of the issue. By enhancing EPA's research and analysis related to stratospheric ozone protection, this program will provide necessary technical information for use in future Agency decisions on whether or not to regulate chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) or other chemicals that may affect the ozone layer. In addition the plan places considerable emphasis on United States participation in on-going international research and discussions of global strategies for protecting the ozone layer. This notice provides a broad outline and general schedule for the stratospheric ozone protection program. Throughout the implementation of this program, EPA encourages public review and participation. JF - FED. REG. AU - Siedel, S AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St., NW, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1257 EP - 1260 VL - 51 IS - 7 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - stratosphere KW - environmental protection KW - boundary layers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14308072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FED.+REG.&rft.atitle=Stratospheric+ozone+protection+plan.&rft.au=Siedel%2C+S&rft.aulast=Siedel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FED.+REG.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - stratosphere; ozone; boundary layers; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Waste monitoring. AN - 14266037; 1102225 AB - Environmental management has a strong technical data component. A major problem is the conversion of raw data into the information needed for decision making. Nowhere is this problem more apparent than in hazardous waste management. Each year, hundreds of chemicals that are considered hazardous are routinely sought and, if present, are measured in tens of thousands of samples from waste sites. The validation, assessment, and use of all the data from these measurements are important components of decision making. The way in which these data have been acquired, stored, and used in recent years may be a significant factor in hazardous waste management in years to come. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Almich, B P AU - Budde, W L AU - Shobe, W R AD - EPA Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 16 EP - 21 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - environmental management KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - EPA KW - waste management KW - monitoring systems KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14266037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Waste+monitoring.&rft.au=Almich%2C+B+P%3BBudde%2C+W+L%3BShobe%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Almich&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - waste management; monitoring systems; hazardous materials; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accumulation of sediment-bound PCB by fiddler crabs AN - 13823756; 198603409 AB - PCB contaminated sediments (1 ug PCB per g dry weight) were dredged from New York Harbor. In the pilot study, Uca pugilator and U. minax were exposed to undiluted mud, or a 50:50 (v:v) mixture of mud and sand for 42 days, followed by 28 days depuration. Both species reached steady state PCB body burdens by day 14, and accumulated PCB to similar concentrations (0.2-0.3 ug per g at day 28) irrespective of whether they were placed on undiluted sediment or the 50:50 mixture. No PCB were detected in U. pugilator by day 56, or in U. minax by day 63. Results of a second experiment, using only U. pugilator were broadly similar to those obtained in the pilot study although data did show a high degree of variability, much of which could be attributed to the complex behaviour of the crabs. Mean bioconcentration factors, calculated using day 28 body burdens, ranged from 0.19 to 0.58 for undiluted mud, and from 0.59 to 0.79 for the mud:sand mixture. These values were considerably below those commonly reported for fish and invertebrates exposed to waterborne PCB, but indicated that contaminated sediment must be taken into account when evaluating environmental exposure to PCB. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Clark, J R AU - Patrick, J M AU - Moore, J C AU - Forester, J AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 571 EP - 578 VL - 36 IS - 4 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13823756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Accumulation+of+sediment-bound+PCB+by+fiddler+crabs&rft.au=Clark%2C+J+R%3BPatrick%2C+J+M%3BMoore%2C+J+C%3BForester%2C+J&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - State-of-the-art update on combined sewer overflow control AN - 13823716; 198603285 AB - The problems associated with stormwater overflow from combined sewers is reviewed with examples from cities throughout the U.S.A. Stormwater significantly contributed to the levels of toxic pollutants, pathogens, oxygen demand and suspended solids in the receiving watercourse. The value of recent developments in instrumentation, management models and manuals and other publications was assessed. Pollution from stormwater could be reduced by controlling urban runoff at source, improving the collection system or by more efficient treatment. Integrated systems of control and treatment were recommended at both planning and operational levels. There are 113 references. JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Control AU - Field, R AD - U.S. EPA, Edison, N.Y. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 147 EP - 165 VL - 16 IS - 2 KW - Instrumentation KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - State of the art KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13823716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Control&rft.atitle=State-of-the-art+update+on+combined+sewer+overflow+control&rft.au=Field%2C+R&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Control&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization of the BGM cell line culture and viral assay procedures for monitoring viruses in the environment AN - 13823655; 198603396 AB - Of 98 laboratories in 16 countries questioned about procedures in cultivating BGM cells, 58 indicated differences in cell culture practice which would cause marked differences in virus recoveries. The comparative testing programme undertaken to maximize the BGM cell line sensitivity to enteric viruses in the environment is described. Growth media, sera, sodium bicarbonate levels, culture bottles, cell concentration, overlay media, agar, virus infection conditions and cell-dissociating agents were studied. A comparative virus isolation study with BGM cells and nine other cell types was carried out using 37 sewage samples collected from nine geographic areas. The BGM cell line was the best for virus isolation and certain additives tended to increase BGM sensitivity to a specific group of viruses. A standardized procedure for the recovery of enteroviruses and for the cultivation of BGM cells was proposed, based on a growth medium containing a mixture of 50 per cent Eagle MEM with Hanks salts, L-glutamine, and non-essential amino acids, and 50 per cent L-15 medium (Leibovitz) with L-glutamine. A bibliography of 36 references is included. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Dahling AU - Wright, BA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 790 EP - 812 VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Media KW - Sodium bicarbonate KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13823655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+the+BGM+cell+line+culture+and+viral+assay+procedures+for+monitoring+viruses+in+the+environment&rft.au=Dahling%3BWright%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Dahling&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=790&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of bio-indicators in monitoring conservative contaminants: programme design imperatives AN - 13822982; 198602462 AB - The design of national and international programmes for monitoring aquatic pollution using bioindicators is reviewed. Programme objectives are defined; factors to be considered before selecting the species of bioindicator are explained; methods of choosing monitoring sites are outlined; ways of avoiding errors during the collection of sampling are suggested; and the problems of ensuring the findings could be statistically verified are discussed. Deficiencies found in programmes to date are reported and improvements for future monitoring programmes are proposed. A bibliography of 70 references is appended. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Phillips, DJH AU - Segar, DA AD - Hong Kong, EPA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 10 EP - 17 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13822982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Use+of+bio-indicators+in+monitoring+conservative+contaminants%3A+programme+design+imperatives&rft.au=Phillips%2C+DJH%3BSegar%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=DJH&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetic concepts for measuring microbial rate constants: effects of nutrients on rate constants AN - 13822824; 198603397 AB - Preincubation (12 h, 22C) of pond and river water samples with added inorganic nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, traces of iron and magnesium) increased bacterial populations by 10-100 fold, and increased the pseudo first-order rate constants for biotransformation of phenol, propanil, propyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (DEP), methyl parathion (MP), Ronnel, and methoxychlor. Second-order rate constants for these compounds were essentially unaffected. This was consistent with the observation that the percentage of transforming organisms was the same in both nutrient-amended and unamended waters. In practical terms, the ability to increase transformation activity without changing the second-order rate constant meant that these rate constants could be determined for compounds with very low rate constants. This, in turn, would increase the utility of mathematical models which used a second order rate expression to describe the biotransformation of xenobiotic compounds in environmental waters. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Paris, D F AU - Rogers, JE AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 221 EP - 225 VL - 51 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Xenobiotic compounds KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13822824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Kinetic+concepts+for+measuring+microbial+rate+constants%3A+effects+of+nutrients+on+rate+constants&rft.au=Paris%2C+D+F%3BRogers%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Paris&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two short-term toxicity tests for the calanoid copepod Eurytemora herdmani using a complex effluent AN - 13821982; 198603406 AB - Two short term copepod static renewal toxicity tests (96-h LC50, 5 day reproduction test) for mixed effluents were evaluated statistically. The two studies yielded comparable mortality results. The prescribed concentration intervals in the reproduction test were too wide to allow LC50 determination by any method more rigorous than the binomial test. However, geometric means of the highest no-effect and lowest effect concentrations gave easily determined estimates of effluent toxicity. Although reproduction appeared to be more sensitive than mortality as an indicator of effluent toxicity, the chosen end-point (number of young recovered after 5 days) was influenced by such factors as female mortality, variations in egg production rates, larval death and decay rates, all of which contributed to the variability of the result. The test designs allowed for detection of a 7.8-22 per cent difference in adult mortality between control and any effluent treatment with a probability of 0.98. A 70 per cent difference between control and any other treatment was necessary to detect a difference in the chosen reproductive endpoint with the same probability. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Marcy, M AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 199 EP - 205 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13821982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Two+short-term+toxicity+tests+for+the+calanoid+copepod+Eurytemora+herdmani+using+a+complex+effluent&rft.au=Marcy%2C+M&rft.aulast=Marcy&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Psychology&rft.issn=00049530&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00049530108255136 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Waterborne viral gastroenteritis AN - 13821696; 198602083 AB - Information on viruses that have been implicated in waterborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis is reviewed, with a bibliography of 49 references. Many of the viruses had only recently been identified as a result of improved or new methods of examination, including electron microscopy. Norwalk virus, rotavirus, and the Snow Mountain agent had all been identified as being associated with waterborne outbreaks of disease in the U.S.A. Details of outbreaks caused by the Norwalk virus and rotavirus are summarized in tables, and electron micrographs of different types of virus particle are included. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Williams, F P AU - Akin, E W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 34 EP - 39 VL - 78 IS - 1 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Diseases (see also individual groups below) KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13821696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Waterborne+viral+gastroenteritis&rft.au=Williams%2C+F+P%3BAkin%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorination to prevent and control waterborne diseases AN - 13821627; 198602128 AB - Analysis of data on outbreaks of waterborne diseases in the U.S.A. between 1946 and 1980, and on outbreaks of giardiasis during 1965-1982, showed that most of these were associated with failures to provide adequate disinfection. Factors that should be considered in determining the chlorination requirements to prevent outbreaks of diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and protozoa are considered. These included chlorine concentration, contact period, pH value, temperature, and presence of interfering substances (chemical and physical). An example is included to illustrate the procedure for optimizing chlorination. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Lippy, E C AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 49 EP - 52 VL - 78 IS - 1 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Diseases (see also individual groups below) KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13821627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Chlorination+to+prevent+and+control+waterborne+diseases&rft.au=Lippy%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Lippy&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of a gradient in acid and ion deposition across the northern Great Lakes states AN - 13820517; 198601906 AB - Tabulated and graphical data are presented on the geographic patterns in the ionic composition of atmospheric precipitation in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan. From 1978 to 1982, the average pH value of the precipitation had fallen from 5.3 to 4.3. In general, the contribution of soil-related metal ions to total ions in solution was small, and relatively uniform across the region. In Minnesota and Wisconsin, there was a slight increase in hydrogen ion during winter, but the more acidic sites in Michigan showed almost no seasonal differences. The sums of strong acid anions corresponded closely with the sums of hydrogen and ammonium ions in the precipitation, indicating an anthropogenic source of sulphur and nitrogen oxides. The implications of the results for the water chemistry of weakly buffered lakes in the region are discussed. A bibliography of 39 references is appended. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Glass, GE AU - Loucks, O L AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 35 EP - 43 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13820517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Implications+of+a+gradient+in+acid+and+ion+deposition+across+the+northern+Great+Lakes+states&rft.au=Glass%2C+GE%3BLoucks%2C+O+L&rft.aulast=Glass&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating cost and quality in water distribution AN - 13820188; 198602033 AB - The U.S. EPA had developed a Water Supply Simulation Model (WSSM) which incorporated a series of submodels to describe the various aspects of the economic, demographic and hydraulic systems relevant to a water utility. The model would be applicable to U.S. water undertakings which were affected by the Safe Water Drinking Act and might be used in considering the economies of scale of combining with another larger system to form a regional water supply utility. The WSSM treated the water utility as a network overlaid on a spatial distribution of supply and demand and considered the relationship of delivered water costs to the service requirements of spatially distributed demand. The water supply system was separated into the two components of acquisition and treatment, and transport and distribution. The model would assist utilities to balance the cost of building facilities to meet water demands with the cost of transportation. High transportation and low facility costs implied decentralization whereas the reverse implied centralization. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Clark, R M AU - Males, R M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 454 EP - 466 VL - 111 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13820188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Simulating+cost+and+quality+in+water+distribution&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BMales%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=454&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accumulation of selected trace metals in soils of urban runoff swale drains AN - 13818290; 198604317 AB - Trace metals, particularly lead, accumulated in roadside soil. Grassed swale drains had been used to control the water quality of urban runoff, which contained high trace metal concentrations. A study is reported to determine whether the trace metals lead, zinc, cadmium and copper had accumulated in three grassed swale drain sites in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. The Fairidge and Stratton Woods systems were designed to reduce stormwater runoff pollution, whereas the Route 234 site drained a busy highway. Traffic flows and soil types are tabulated for each site. Patterns of decreasing metal concentrations with increasing distance from the roads were established. Metal concentrations decreased in the upper 5 cm of the study soils and no evidence of subsurface trace metal enrichment was found in sampling down to 60 cm. Only soil zinc was present in any significant leachable quantity and this was due to the use of galvanized culverts. JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Wigington, P J AU - Randall, C W AU - Grizzard, T J AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 73 EP - 79 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Pb KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13818290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Accumulation+of+selected+trace+metals+in+soils+of+urban+runoff+swale+drains&rft.au=Wigington%2C+P+J%3BRandall%2C+C+W%3BGrizzard%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Wigington&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy usage of rotating biological contactor facilities AN - 13817895; 198604587 AB - In 1983, a field survey was carried out on the energy requirements of rotating biological contactor (RBC) systems at 29 sewage works in U.S.A. The survey was limited to RBC units installed within the previous 5 years and operating for at least 6 months. Of the 29 plants visited, 22 had mechanically-driven RBC systems, and 7 had air-driven units. The characteristics of the 29 systems, and their measured energy requirements, are tabulated. Tables are also included comparing measured energy data with manufacturers estimates, and showing the estimated energy savings that could be achieved by adopting alternative modes of operation. The importance of flexibility in the design of RBC systems to enable the process to be optimized in the most energy-efficient manner, is stressed. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Gilbert, W G AU - Wheeler, J F AU - MacGregor, A AD - US EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 47 EP - 51 VL - 58 IS - 1 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13817895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Energy+usage+of+rotating+biological+contactor+facilities&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+W+G%3BWheeler%2C+J+F%3BMacGregor%2C+A&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative removal of toxic pollutants by six wastewater treatment processes AN - 13817879; 198604583 AB - Pilot-scale studies to evaluate selected alternative treatment processes to provide less-than-secondary treatment of sewage for removal of metals and 21 priority volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds are detailed. The processes studied were single-stage high-rate biological filtration, primary treatment with addition of chemical coagulants, direct pulsed-bed sand filtration of primary effluent, aerated lagooning, and single-stage facultative lagooning. A conventional activated sludge system was operated in parallel with the alternative systems, to provide a control. The activated sludge process gave the best removal of both conventional pollutants and toxic priority pollutants. Of the alternative processes investigated, the facultative lagoon, with its long retention period, was the most successful. The aerated lagoon, which had a shorter retention period, was less effective, but modification to give higher aeration rates could improve organics removal efficiency. The high-rate biological filter was less effective than the lagoons, but its efficiency could be improved by design and operating changes, such as reduced flow or forced-drought ventilation. Chemical coagulation and filtration of primary effluent removed only those pollutants associated with suspended solids. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Hannah, SA AU - Austern, B M AU - Eralp, A E AU - Wise, R H AD - US EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 27 EP - 34 VL - 58 IS - 1 KW - Activated sludge plants (s/a biological reactors) KW - Effluent (treated) (see also sewage works effluent) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13817879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Comparative+removal+of+toxic+pollutants+by+six+wastewater+treatment+processes&rft.au=Hannah%2C+SA%3BAustern%2C+B+M%3BEralp%2C+A+E%3BWise%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Hannah&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial degradation of propanil in aquatic systems AN - 13817478; 198603945 AB - Results are presented from studies on the microbial degradation of the weedkiller, propanil (3',4'-dichlorophenyl proprionanilide) in several different surface waters (lakes, ponds, and a river) around Moscow. Second-order microbial degradation rate constants were determined. Variations in the estimated rate constants were attributed to differences in the bacterial counting methods used. The rate constants estimated for these waters were similar to those determined for natural waters throughout U.S.A. JF - Chemosphere AU - Steen, W C AU - Vasilyeva, G K AU - Anan'Eva, N D AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. U.S.A. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 917 EP - 922 VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Dichlorophenyl proprionanilide KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13817478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Microbial+degradation+of+propanil+in+aquatic+systems&rft.au=Steen%2C+W+C%3BVasilyeva%2C+G+K%3BAnan%27Eva%2C+N+D&rft.aulast=Steen&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the in-vessel composting option. Part II AN - 13816913; 198604046 AB - The use of mass and energy balance concepts to evaluate in-vessel composting options is described (see also Aqualine Abstract No.86-3673). Examples of their use to evaluate the suitability of a proposed design to remove moisture in a cost-effective manner are included. Evaluation of back-up alternatives and flexibility, vendors and marketing is considered. A vendor data format was suggested which would enable an evaluator to observe the performance of each proposed in-vessel system. JF - BioCycle AU - Walker, J AU - Goldstein, N AU - Chen, B AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 34 EP - 39 VL - 27 IS - 5 SN - 0276-5055, 0276-5055 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13816913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioCycle&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+in-vessel+composting+option.+Part+II&rft.au=Walker%2C+J%3BGoldstein%2C+N%3BChen%2C+B&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioCycle&rft.issn=02765055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of pentachlorophenol to aquatic organisms under naturally varying and controlled environmental conditions AN - 13816521; 198604453 AB - Laboratory toxicity tests with pentachlorophenol (PCP) were conducted in spring, summer, autumn and winter using Mississippi river water (ambient water quality and temperature) and up to 11 resident fish and invertebrate species. Controlled toxicity tests were conducted using Superior lake water. The acute toxicity of PCP varied widely, with LC50 values ranging from 85 ug per litre in white suckers (Catastomus commersoni) to greater than 7770 ug per litre in isopods (Ascellus racovitzai). Seasonality, which included the influence of both water temperature and life stage, affected the toxicity of PCP in the snail Physa gyrina, the amphipod Crangonyx pseudogracilis and, perhaps, A. racovitzae. Within a given season, LC50 values between species differed by up to 40-fold whereas, for any given species, the maximal variation between seasons was approximately 14-fold. Although only limited pH data were available, results suggested a 2-fold variation in LC50 values in the pH range 7.3-8.3. In chronic toxicity experiments, conducted with 7 species, production of young by Ceriodaphnia reticulata and P. gyrina was adversely affected by 4.1 and 26 ug PCP per litre respectively (the lowest concentrations tested), whereas no effects were apparent in Lemna minor exposed to 1440 ug PCP per litre for 21 days. Acute:chronic ratios ranged from 1 (Simocephalus vetulus) to greater than 37 (C. reticulata). These results highlighted the importance of considering species composition when estimating potential effects of PCP in an aquatic environment. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Hedtke, S F AU - West, C W AU - Allen, K N AU - Norberg-King, T J AU - Mount, DI AD - U.S. EPA, Monticello, Minn. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 531 EP - 542 VL - 5 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13816521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+pentachlorophenol+to+aquatic+organisms+under+naturally+varying+and+controlled+environmental+conditions&rft.au=Hedtke%2C+S+F%3BWest%2C+C+W%3BAllen%2C+K+N%3BNorberg-King%2C+T+J%3BMount%2C+DI&rft.aulast=Hedtke&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional reactivation of granular activated carbon AN - 13816395; 198603616 AB - When granular activated carbon was used in water treatment, a major part of the costs involved was for replacement or regeneration of the spent carbon. Regional reactivation, involving sharing of a reactivation furnace between several users, could minimize these costs, and a field-scale study was carried out to test this idea. Spent carbon from 3 other waterworks was transported to the Manchester, N.H., waterworks for recovery in a fluidized bed. Tabulated data are included on capital and regeneration costs. On-site recovery at the Manchester waterworks was considerably cheaper than replacing spent carbon with fresh carbon. In addition, regional recovery was cheaper for the smaller waterworks than either replacement or estimated on-site recovery, even when the costs of transportation and carbon loss were taken into consideration. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Adams, J Q AU - Clark, R M AU - Lykins, B W AU - Kittredge, D AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 38 EP - 41 VL - 78 IS - 5 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13816395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Regional+reactivation+of+granular+activated+carbon&rft.au=Adams%2C+J+Q%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BKittredge%2C+D&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic compounds in water AN - 13815858; 198603970 AB - Three basic areas were critical to understanding the distribution of organic compounds in water, according to the authors. Analytical methods had to be comprehensive enabling broad ranges of compounds to be detected, information management systems were needed to evaluate the vast quantities of data available, and there had to be statistically valid surveys to provide samples of the environment to be studied. GC/MS allowed analysis of more compounds than GC with non-selective detectors. Computer matching of spectra aided identification. Information management had been enhanced by using computer retrieval systems and database storage systems. National water surveys were carried out in previous years although the resources to carry out a comprehensive survey of all water bodies in the U.S.A. might never be available. Figures are presented showing the distribution of priority pollutants compared with the distribution of non priority pollutants. The data allowed a profile of pollutants for a particular industry to be constructed. This would allow better use of available resources for environment protection. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Shackleford, WM AU - Cline, D M AD - U.S. EPA Research Triangle Park, N.C. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 652 EP - 657 VL - 20 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13815858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Organic+compounds+in+water&rft.au=Shackleford%2C+WM%3BCline%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Shackleford&rft.aufirst=WM&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=652&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early life-stage toxicity test methods for Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) and results using chlorpyrifos AN - 13815808; 198602963 AB - In 49 day early life-stage toxicity tests, Gulf toadfish were continuously exposed as embryos, sac fry and juveniles to 1.5-150 ug technical grade chlorpyrifos per litre. Survival was significantly (p less than 0.05) reduced only at 150 ug per litre, but significant dose related growth inhibition was observed at concentrations of 3.0 ug per litre and above. Chlorpyrifos concentrations in surviving whole fish increased from 0.14 ug per g wet weight at the lowest exposure level to 770 ug per g at the 150 ug per litre concentration. Corresponding bioconcentration factors ranged from 100 to 5100. Development of sac fry, as indicated by the presence of the attachment disc, was delayed by exposure to 150 ug chlorpyrifos per litre. The 96-h LC50 in juvenile fish was 520 ug per litre. On the basis of these results, the early life-stage toxicity test with Gulf toadfish was recommended for use in comparative toxicity evaluations, and for determination of toxicity in conjunction with ontogenetical, physiological, and histological investigations in this much studied genus. The authors did not recommend O. beta for routine effects assessment. JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety AU - Hansen, D J AU - Goodman, L R AU - Cripe, G M AU - Macauley, S F AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 15 EP - 22 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13815808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.atitle=Early+life-stage+toxicity+test+methods+for+Gulf+toadfish+%28Opsanus+beta%29+and+results+using+chlorpyrifos&rft.au=Hansen%2C+D+J%3BGoodman%2C+L+R%3BCripe%2C+G+M%3BMacauley%2C+S+F&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of pentachlorophenol on periphyton communities in outdoor experimental streams AN - 13815258; 198602396 AB - Three types of experiment were carried out: short-term experiments in a clean channel or substratum exposed to various toxic concentrations, in which colonization as well as growth and survival might be affected; long-term experiments representing the later stages of a similar situation; and pre-colonization experiments where an established community was exposed to the toxicant. The layout of the periphyton tile boards used in each type of experiment is shown diagrammatically. Measurements of periphyton biomass, including ash-free dry weight and phytopigment content, showed there was a linear relation between toxicant dose and response between the criterion level for PCP (48 ug per litre) and a concentration of 432 ug per litre. Slight effects were observed even at the criterion level. The most sensitive periphyton species appeared to be diatoms from the genera Amphora, Cymbella, Melosira, and Cyclotella. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Yount, J D AU - Richter, JE AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 51 EP - 60 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13815258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+pentachlorophenol+on+periphyton+communities+in+outdoor+experimental+streams&rft.au=Yount%2C+J+D%3BRichter%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Yount&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid nontarget screening of environmental extracts by directly linked gas chromatography/Fourier transform infrared/mass spectrometry AN - 13814721; 198700459 AB - Environmental samples were passed to a newly developed multisystem facility to provide rapid online identification and compound class classifications. The development of the GC/Fourier transform infrared instrumentation and software is described, together with the links to a MS system. Fifty organic standards were used to establish the validity of the database in the on-line library for each detector. Forward search criteria were proposed for the rapid GC/FT-IR/MS identification and class screening. Six samples were received from external sources as methylene chloride extracts. These were used without extensive purification. Twenty identifications were confirmed and 24 classes assigned. One hundred and six compounds were jointly detected. Of the joint detections 41 per cent resulted in confirmed structural information. Availability of computer software in the future would allow routine analysis to be carried out by this method. A bibliography of 40 references is included. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Gurka, D F AU - Titus, R AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 2189 EP - 2194 VL - 58 IS - 11 KW - Instrumentation KW - Methylene chloride KW - Online KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13814721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Rapid+nontarget+screening+of+environmental+extracts+by+directly+linked+gas+chromatography%2FFourier+transform+infrared%2Fmass+spectrometry&rft.au=Gurka%2C+D+F%3BTitus%2C+R&rft.aulast=Gurka&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of sample storage on a copper-spiked freshwater sediment AN - 13814522; 198603586 AB - Sediment from an Oregon lake was spiked with copper to give nominal bulk concentrations of 375-2000 mg per kg,. Peat moss was added to half the sediment samples, increasing their organic matter from 5.8 per cent to 14.4 per cent. Samples were stored at 5C or minus 20C for 1, 3, 8, 12, 17 or 21 weeks prior to being used in acute toxicity tests (conducted in 1 litre beakers with 200 ml sediment and 800 ml water) with Daphnia magna. In the case of cold stored sediments, the amount of copper released into the overlying water increased over the first 8 weeks, then decreased. Peat amended sediments released less copper than those without peat. Freezing dramatically decreased copper release to overlying water. These findings were reflected in the 48-h LC50's. Values for cold stored sediment, with and without peat respectively, were 52-96 and 7-44 ug total copper per litre, and 25-68 and 3-18 ug soluble copper per litre. Mortality was insufficient to calculate LC50 values for frozen stored sediment. On the basis of these results, it was recommended that cold stored sediment be used as soon as possible after collection, and that freezing should not be used as a storage procedure. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Malueg, K W AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Krawczyk, D F AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 245 EP - 253 VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Freezing KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13814522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+sample+storage+on+a+copper-spiked+freshwater+sediment&rft.au=Malueg%2C+K+W%3BSchuytema%2C+G+S%3BKrawczyk%2C+D+F&rft.aulast=Malueg&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of treatment alternatives for dioxin wastes AN - 13814404; 198604062 AB - Alternative treatments for dioxin wastes to replace landfill disposal are reviewed. Some of the thermal and nonthermal processes had already been tested using dioxin wastes. These include the EPA Mobile Incinerator, Advanced Electric Reactor, Shirco Infrared System, liquid injection incinerators and photolysis. Other processes were under development or had been tested with other chlorinated wastes. Processes with the potential to treat dioxin wastes included rotary kiln incinerators, circulating bed combustion, chemical dechlorination, supercritical fluids as solvents and white rot fungus. There is a bibliography of 35 references. JF - Journal of Air Pollution Control Association AU - Freeman, H M AU - Olexsey, R A AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 67 EP - 75 VL - 36 IS - 1 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13814404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Air+Pollution+Control+Association&rft.atitle=A+review+of+treatment+alternatives+for+dioxin+wastes&rft.au=Freeman%2C+H+M%3BOlexsey%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Air+Pollution+Control+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uptake and depuration studies of PCDDs and PCDFs in freshwater fish AN - 13814269; 198700639 AB - Tabulated data are presented on the uptake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans from municipal incinerator fly ash and from contaminated natural sediments by carp, and on subsequent depuration following transfer of the fish to clean water. Selective bio-accumulation of isomers substituted in the 2,3,7, and 8 positions was observed. The depuration half-life of 2,3,7,8-TCDD was estimated as 300-325 days. The rate of depuration of these compounds decreased with increasing degree of chlorination. JF - Chemosphere AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Cook, P M AU - Batterman, A R AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 2023 EP - 2026 VL - 15 IS - 9/12 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13814269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Uptake+and+depuration+studies+of+PCDDs+and+PCDFs+in+freshwater+fish&rft.au=Kuehl%2C+D+W%3BCook%2C+P+M%3BBatterman%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Kuehl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9%2F12&rft.spage=2023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment technologies for hazardous wastes: part IV; a review of alternative treatment processes for metal bearing hazardous waste streams AN - 13813966; 198700536 AB - Alternatives to land disposal are considered for metal bearing wastes and cyanide bearing wastes. Considerable volumes of these wastes were generated in the U.S.A. each year - 7858 million gallons for metals and 4723 million gallons for cyanides. The treatment practices reviewed were in use or considered for use at hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal facilities treating metal and cyanide wastes. Waste treatment processes included lime precipitation, magnesium oxide precipitation and sulphide precipitation. Chromium reduction, hydrosulphide reduction, sulphur dioxide reduction and ferrous iron precipitation were considered. Stabilization and solidification might be used. Alkaline chlorination, incineration, ultraviolet irradiation and ozonation might be used for cyanide destruction. Biological treatment, waste reduction and recovery, evaporation, ion exchange, membrane processes and electrolytic recovery are also reviewed. JF - Journal of Air Pollution Control Association AU - Grosse, D W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 603 EP - 614 VL - 36 IS - 5 KW - Hazard KW - Magnesium oxide KW - Stabilization (see also fixation, solidification) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13813966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Air+Pollution+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Treatment+technologies+for+hazardous+wastes%3A+part+IV%3B+a+review+of+alternative+treatment+processes+for+metal+bearing+hazardous+waste+streams&rft.au=Grosse%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Grosse&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Air+Pollution+Control+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment technologies for hazardous wastes: part V; a review of treatment alternatives for wastes containing nonsolvent halogenated organics AN - 13813509; 198700525 AB - Halogenated organic wastes were among hazardous wastes to be banned from land disposal in the U.S.A. The physical form of the waste and its chemical constituents were two important factors to be considered when choosing an appropriate treatment. There was a wide range of possible treatments (which are described) but these had not yet all been fully demonstrated. They included evaporation, distillation, liquid injection incineration, rotary kiln incineration, fluidized bed incineration, molten salt incineration, plasma arc incineration, high temperature fluid wall reactor, lime or cement kiln coincineration, chemical dechlorination, chlorinolysis, wet air oxidation, activated carbon adsorption, steam stripping, biological treatment, ultraviolet treatment, ozonation, supercritical water oxidation and solvent extraction. JF - Journal of Air Pollution Control Association AU - Turner, R J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 728 EP - 737 VL - 36 IS - 6 KW - Arc KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13813509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Air+Pollution+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Treatment+technologies+for+hazardous+wastes%3A+part+V%3B+a+review+of+treatment+alternatives+for+wastes+containing+nonsolvent+halogenated+organics&rft.au=Turner%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=728&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Air+Pollution+Control+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the in-vessel composting option: part I AN - 13813160; 198603673 AB - In-vessel composting systems for sewage sludge were defined as those which were roofed over, mostly enclosed, and easier to fit equipment to, for collecting and treating off-gas. In the U.S.A., a recent survey showed there was increasing interest in such systems. Factors influencing the choice of system, and methods for evaluating their performance are reviewed, including sludge and bulking agent properties, mixing and porosity, aeration system, air collection, air scrubbing and odour control, control of temperature and pathogens, retention period, and curing. Diagrams of typical systems, and tabulated information on aeration parameters for various systems, are included. JF - BioCycle AU - Walker, J AU - Goldstein, N AU - Chen, B AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 22 EP - 27 VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 0276-5055, 0276-5055 KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13813160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioCycle&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+in-vessel+composting+option%3A+part+I&rft.au=Walker%2C+J%3BGoldstein%2C+N%3BChen%2C+B&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioCycle&rft.issn=02765055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment technologies for hazardous wastes: part II; alternative techniques for managing solvent wastes AN - 13813069; 198700523 AB - Solvent wastes which were banned by the United States Congress from land disposal were divided into 5 categories by the U.S. EPA. Techniques for treating the wastes are described which either rendered them suitable for land disposal or provided an alternative to land disposal. Aqueous and mixed aqueous/organic wastes, organic liquids and sludges were considered. Solvent treatment techniques discussed for streams of high solvent concentration were incineration, agitated thin-film evaporation and fractional distillation. For streams of low to medium solvent concentration, steam stripping and wet oxidation are discussed. For low solvent concentration streams, activated carbon adsorption and activated sludge biological treatment are discussed. JF - Journal of Air Pollution Control Association AU - Blaney, B L AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 275 EP - 285 VL - 36 IS - 3 KW - Media KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13813069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Air+Pollution+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Treatment+technologies+for+hazardous+wastes%3A+part+II%3B+alternative+techniques+for+managing+solvent+wastes&rft.au=Blaney%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Blaney&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Air+Pollution+Control+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment technologies for hazardous wastes: part III; treatment technologies for corrosive hazardous wastes AN - 13813028; 198700524 AB - The hazardous wastes considered were to be banned from land disposal. Commercially available treatment processes for various types of corrosive waste are summarized, outlining the applicability and limitations of each process for specific wastes. The three main technologies used were neutralization, resource recovery and incineration. The processes discussed included: the aqueous treatment of inorganic wastes, wastes with metals and trace organics, and dilute organic wastes; the recovery/reuse of halogenated and nonhalogenated solvents; the incineration of sludges, solids and liquids; treatment of heavy metal sludges; and the recovery and treatment of concentrated and dilute oils. JF - Journal of Air Pollution Control Association AU - Warner, H P AU - Olexsey, R A AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 403 EP - 409 VL - 36 IS - 4 KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13813028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Air+Pollution+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Treatment+technologies+for+hazardous+wastes%3A+part+III%3B+treatment+technologies+for+corrosive+hazardous+wastes&rft.au=Warner%2C+H+P%3BOlexsey%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Warner&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Air+Pollution+Control+Association&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of metal salt mixtures on Daphnia magna reproduction AN - 13812989; 198602948 AB - These 3 weeks daphnid reproduction studies tested cadmium chloride (0.09, 0.19, 0.35 ug per litre), mercuric chloride (0.91, 1.82, 3.53 ug per litre), and zinc chloride (38, 74, 140 ug per litre) individually, and all possible binary combinations. Test concentrations were 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 times the 16 per cent reproduction impairment concentrations for the individual metals. Results showed that binary mixtures significantly (p less than 0.05) affected reproduction at concentrations which produced no significant effects when the metals were tested individually. JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety AU - Biesinger, KE AU - Christensen, G M AU - Fiandt, J T AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 9 EP - 14 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13812989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.atitle=Effects+of+metal+salt+mixtures+on+Daphnia+magna+reproduction&rft.au=Biesinger%2C+KE%3BChristensen%2C+G+M%3BFiandt%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Biesinger&rft.aufirst=KE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological problems associated with chlorine dioxide AN - 13812908; 198603754 AB - The health risks associated with the use of chlorine dioxine and of chlorine for disinfection of drinking water is reviewed. The toxicology of the by-products formed by reaction of the disinfectants with organic compounds in water are also discussed. Tables are included giving summaries of oral exposure studies with chlorine dioxide, sodium chlorite, and sodium chlorate; of oral exposure studies with chlorine and its dissociation products; and of health effects associated with chlorination by-products. Aspects on which further research is required are indicated. A bibliography of 65 references is appended. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Condie, L W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 73 EP - 78 VL - 78 IS - 6 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13812908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Toxicological+problems+associated+with+chlorine+dioxide&rft.au=Condie%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Condie&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion exchange for the removal of nitrate from well water AN - 13812850; 198603630 AB - Following the discovery that groundwater from wells at McFarland, Calif., had a high nitrate content, possibly owing to use of nitrogenous fertilizers in this predominantly agricultural area, pilot-scale studies were carried out on the feasibility of removing the nitrate by ion exchange or reverse osmosis. The results indicated that ion exchange would be most suitable, and a full-scale plant was designed and put in operation in 1983. The plant had performed satisfactorily when operated semi-automatically, reducing the nitrate content of the water to less than 10 mg per litre. Capital and operating costs are estimated. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Lauch, R P AU - Guter, G A AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 83 EP - 88 VL - 78 IS - 5 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13812850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Ion+exchange+for+the+removal+of+nitrate+from+well+water&rft.au=Lauch%2C+R+P%3BGuter%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Lauch&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recovery of viruses from water by a modified flocculation procedure for second-step concentration AN - 13812583; 198603941 AB - An organic flocculation procedure using beef extract (Katzenelson et al, 1976) was widely used for second step concentration of waterborne viruses. However, changes in commercial procedures had meant that recently marketed powdered beef extract did not form the heavy precipitates necessary to obtain acceptable virus recoveries. This could be rectified by adding Celite analytical filter aid to the beet extract. However, tests showed that virus recoveries with different lots of beet extract, and with different brands of filter aid. It was therefore important that the performance of each new batch was checked before use. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Dahling AU - Wright, E A AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1326 EP - 1331 VL - 51 IS - 6 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Analysis KW - Filters (see also packed columns, groups below) KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13812583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Recovery+of+viruses+from+water+by+a+modified+flocculation+procedure+for+second-step+concentration&rft.au=Dahling%3BWright%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Dahling&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1326&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decomposition by plankton and attached microorganisms improves chemical fate models AN - 13811796; 198602829 AB - Predictions of the fate of a chemical in aquatic systems were based on a model with the process terms of the Exposure Analysis Modelling System (EXAMS) plus a term for decomposition by Aufwuchs in addition to the term for decomposition by planktonic micro-organisms. The rate of decomposition by Aufwuchs was conceived as being potentially limited either by transport to the planar surface of the colony or by the rate of decomposition at the surface. The model was tested in two sets of experiments using replicate laboratory microcosms to examine the fate of methyl parathion in 6 different environments. Predictions, using only a single environment-independent rate coefficient for each of the two microbial decomposition terms, were statistically indistinguishable from observed methyl parathion concentrations. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lassiter, R R AU - Parrish, R S AU - Burns, LA AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 29 EP - 39 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Modelling (-specific names-ii) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13811796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Decomposition+by+plankton+and+attached+microorganisms+improves+chemical+fate+models&rft.au=Lassiter%2C+R+R%3BParrish%2C+R+S%3BBurns%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Lassiter&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using chlorine dioxide for trihalomethane control AN - 13811365; 198603793 AB - A pilot plant set up at Evansville, Ind., to study the feasibility of using chlorine dioxide instead of chlorine for disinfection of water is described with the aid of a flow diagram. The results obtained with the pilot plant were compared with the performance of the full-scale water works, which used chlorine for disinfection. The study showed that the formation of trihalomethanes in the treated water could be significantly reduced by the use of chlorine dioxide, while the bacteriological quality of the water could be maintained without operational problems. A table is included comparing the composition of the treated effluents from the pilot and full-scale plants. Based on these results, chlorine dioxide is now used for disinfection in the full-scale plant, although the cost is greater than for chlorine. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Lykins, B W AU - Griese, M H AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 88 EP - 93 VL - 78 IS - 6 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13811365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Using+chlorine+dioxide+for+trihalomethane+control&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BGriese%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging technologies with roots in the past AN - 13811218; 198603490 AB - The U.S. EPA was investigating technically simple and low-cost methods for treating sewage from small communities, and was publishing a series of leaflets describing the various processes. The authors review 6 of the most important and promising developments, namely intrachannel clarification (a modification of the oxidation ditch which combined aeration and clarification in one basin), sequencing batch reactors, hydrograph-controlled-release lagoons, vacuum-assisted sludge dewatering beds, overland flow, and intermittent sand filtration. Flow diagrams and performance data for the various systems are included. JF - Water/Engineering & Management AU - Thomas, R AU - Hais, A AU - Gilbert, W AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C., Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 28 EP - 31 VL - 133 IS - 3 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13811218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2FEngineering+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Emerging+technologies+with+roots+in+the+past&rft.au=Thomas%2C+R%3BHais%2C+A%3BGilbert%2C+W&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2FEngineering+%26+Management&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ biorestoration as a ground water remediation technique AN - 13809099; 198703721 AB - In situ biorestoration techniques, which involved microbial degradation of organic contaminants, were not yet well developed but were potentially very cost effective. In particular, physical removal of contaminated soils and pollutants was not necessary and therefore costs and health risks were reduced. Where water table aquifers contained oxygen, aerobic micro-organisms could be used to degrade compounds such as benzene, toluene, xylenes and other alkylbenzenes. The Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley), California, was an example where chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants, such as tetrachloroethylene, had been successfully cometabolized by bacteria that grew on gaseous aliphatic hydrocarbons such as methane or propane. Bioreclamation techniques are discussed and the importance of understanding the hydrogeological and geochemical characteristics of the contaminated area was stressed. JF - Ground Water Monitoring Review AU - Wilson, J T AU - Leach, LE AU - Henson, M AU - Jones, J N AD - U.S. EPA, Ada, Okla. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 56 EP - 64 VL - 6 IS - 4 KW - Hazard KW - Hydrogeochemical KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Stress KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13809099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.atitle=In+situ+biorestoration+as+a+ground+water+remediation+technique&rft.au=Wilson%2C+J+T%3BLeach%2C+LE%3BHenson%2C+M%3BJones%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenic by-products from chlorination of humic acid AN - 13808406; 198702688 AB - A variety of halogenated products resulting from chlorination of humic acid in drinking water have been identified using liquid-liquid extraction, closed-loop stripping, or steam distribution techniques in conjunction with GC-MS analysis. However, the mutagenicity of these compounds (determined in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100), accounted for only 7 per cent of the mutagenicity of the original sample. Synergism among components was discounted as a possible explanation. In subsequent experiments, chlorinated humic acid was separated into neutral and strong acid fractions using an extraction scheme similar to that developed by Holmbom (1984), and the strong acid fraction subjected to reverse phase HPLC. These procedures resulted in the purification of the mutagenicity into a major peak of activity with a specific mutagenicity of about 20,000 TA100 revertants per mg. GC-MS analysis of the mutagenicity-active HPLC fractions resulted in the tentative identification of several chlorinated ketones, saturated and unsaturated chlorinated aliphatic keto acids, and several chlorinated hydroxyfuranones. The contribution of these compounds to the mutagenicity of chlorinated humic acid was under investigation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Meier, J R AU - Ringhand, H P AU - Coleman, W E AU - Schenck, K M AU - Munch, J W AU - Streicher, R P AU - Kaylor, W H AU - Kopfler, F C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 101 EP - 107 VL - 69 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13808406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mutagenic+by-products+from+chlorination+of+humic+acid&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BRinghand%2C+H+P%3BColeman%2C+W+E%3BSchenck%2C+K+M%3BMunch%2C+J+W%3BStreicher%2C+R+P%3BKaylor%2C+W+H%3BKopfler%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disinfection AN - 13808049; 198700100 AB - The authors review recent literature on the disinfection of drinking water, sewage, sewage works effluents, and recirculating water systems. Topics dealt with included: microbiology of disinfection by chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ultraviolet irradiation, ozone, and chloramines; analytical procedures; stability of disinfectants; formation and control of byproducts; and other chemical aspects. A bibliography of 146 references is appended. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Venosa, AD AU - Isaac, R AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 518 EP - 527 VL - 58 IS - 6 KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13808049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Disinfection&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BIsaac%2C+R&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=518&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drinking water and cancer mortality AN - 13807090; 198700822 AB - The authors discussed some of the sources of possible organic contamination in drinking water, current information on human health effects, and current epidemiological data. Carbon chloroform extract (CCE) and carbon alcohol extract (CAE) had been monitored periodically, between 1957 and 1972, at 129 stations throughout the U.S.A. This data, obtained from STORET, was regressed against the age-adjusted 20 year average cancer mortality rates for white males and females in those counties with STORET monitoring locations. Results revealed a positive correlation (significant at the 0.01 level) between gastrointestinal-urinary tract cancer and CCE, CAE and CCE plus CAE. There are 22 references. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Clark, R M AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Deininger, R A AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 153 EP - 172 VL - 53 IS - 3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13807090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Drinking+water+and+cancer+mortality&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BDeininger%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing and applying the water supply simulation model AN - 13806791; 198700288 AB - A simulation model was developed to evaluate the economics of regional systems of water supply. The model, (WSSM), was based on the concept of a water utility as network providing service to a series of demands that are spatially distributed. The model was used to analyse the cost of delivering water to the various demand points. The major elements of the WSSM include a network data base, data base access methods, hydraulic network analysis model, physical and economic models, display and reporting modules and establishment of the data base and edit modules. Times of travel and spatial cost allocation together with contaminant concentration information could be obtained from the model. Future studies will include impact of design for fire protection, peak and off peak considerations, network analysis uses, water quality data and effects on land development patterns. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Clark, R M AU - Males, R M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 61 EP - 65 VL - 78 IS - 8 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Edit KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13806791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Developing+and+applying+the+water+supply+simulation+model&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BMales%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hong Kong's plan for tackling toxic waste AN - 13806342; 198701658 AB - A survey conducted during 1981/1982 established that although production of toxic, hazardous and difficult (THD) waste in Hong Kong was widespread, the average THD waste generated per employee was relatively low. On-site pretreatment of THD waste was not feasible in the cramped industrial conditions in Hong Kong. THD wastes were mostly discharged to sewer or municipal landfills. The principal legislative controls were provided by the Waste Disposal Ordinance. Legislative controls on the transport and disposal of THD wastes were to be introduced. A government-provided central treatment plant and secure landfill were proposed for these wastes. Treatment facilities were planned for inorganic waste, oily wastes, hazardous waste incineration and solvent recovery. Residues from the treatment plant and THD wastes suitable for direct disposal were to be deposited in the secure landfill. JF - Asian Water & Sewage AU - Stokoe, MJ AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Hong Kong Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 42 EP - 45 IS - 12 KW - Hazard KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13806342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Water+%26+Sewage&rft.atitle=Hong+Kong%27s+plan+for+tackling+toxic+waste&rft.au=Stokoe%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Stokoe&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Asian+Water+%26+Sewage&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparative regional analysis of the status of aquatic resources with respect to acid deposition AN - 13806317; 198702592 AB - As part of the U.S. National Acid Precipitation Program, surveys of the impact of acid precipitation in 3 regions, the Adirondack Mountains of New York, the Southern Blue Ridge Province of North Carolina, Tennessee and Georgia, and the Upper Midwest of Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan, had been conducted. The Adirondacks study was the most complete. Because of the nature of the data gathered, the conclusions reached were tentative, but some correlation between acid deposition and damage to aquatic resources was found in a small proportion of the total number of lakes. An assessment of the effects on particular fish populations in sample lakes in the Adirondacks is given. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Malanchuk, J L AU - Bennett, DA AU - Mundy, P A AU - Mallon, G J AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1061 EP - 1068 VL - 31 IS - 3/4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13806317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=A+comparative+regional+analysis+of+the+status+of+aquatic+resources+with+respect+to+acid+deposition&rft.au=Malanchuk%2C+J+L%3BBennett%2C+DA%3BMundy%2C+P+A%3BMallon%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Malanchuk&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.spage=1061&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies of the toxic interactions of disinfection by-products AN - 13806220; 198702663 AB - The toxicity of dichloropropanones (DCP), and their interaction with carbon tetrachloride, was investigated in a series of experiments using CD1 mice and a variety of endpoints (cytochrome P-450 concentration, reduced glutathione levels, pentane generation, serum enzyme activities, histopathology). Dose levels used in these experiments were 0.01-0.25 ml 1,1-DCP per kg, 0.01-0.02 g 1,3-DCP per kg, and 0.01-1.0 ml carbon tetrachloride per kg. Administration of 1,1-DCP resulted in elevated serum enzymes associated with periportal necrosis, and reduced glutathione levels. Pentane generation was not increased. When 1,1-DCP was administered prior to carbon tetrachloride, effects appeared to be additive. 1,3-DCP had no effect on any of the selected endpoints. Prior administration of 1,3-DCP inhibited carbon tetrachloride toxicity. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Laurie, R D AU - Bercz, J P AU - Wessendarp, T K AU - Condie, L W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 203 EP - 207 VL - 69 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - Dichloropropanones KW - Enzymes (see also individual groups below) KW - Pentane KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13806220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Studies+of+the+toxic+interactions+of+disinfection+by-products&rft.au=Laurie%2C+R+D%3BBercz%2C+J+P%3BWessendarp%2C+T+K%3BCondie%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Laurie&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - North American and European experience with biological toilets AN - 13806017; 198701653 AB - The biological toilet was defined as a system that accepted faeces, urine, toilet paper, and possibly other dry organic wastes, eliminated excess liquid, and aerobically decomposed the solid material to a humus-like product. They were designed originally as simple low-cost systems for use in recreational or seasonally used cabins in rural areas in northern industrialized areas, but their use had spread to other areas. Studies had been carried out in Canada, U.S.A., and Scandinavia on the performance of such toilets, and the results are reviewed briefly. It was concluded that biological toilets were of limited applicability, and were most suitable for areas with very limited water supplies or where the soil precluded the use of septic tank soil-disposal systems. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Kreissl, J F AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 95 EP - 102 VL - 18 IS - 7/8 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13806017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=North+American+and+European+experience+with+biological+toilets&rft.au=Kreissl%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Kreissl&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=7%2F8&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating field-scale GAC systems for drinking water AN - 13805907; 198700848 AB - The performance of granular activated carbon (GAC) systems was predicted using a technique based on a mass transfer concept in combination with the Freundlich isotherm to describe the adsorption process and characterize breakthrough curves. The model was applied directly to field data collected at the Cincinnati Water Works and used to predict full-scale performance. Breakthrough curves were obtained. When coupled with cost equations, a minimal cost solution for a GAC system was obtained. Minimal cost design estimates were calculated for various sized systems. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Clark, R M AU - Symons, J M AU - Ireland, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 744 EP - 756 VL - 112 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13805907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Evaluating+field-scale+GAC+systems+for+drinking+water&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BSymons%2C+J+M%3BIreland%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=744&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Techniques for the assessment of carcinogenic risk due to drinking water contaminants AN - 13805904; 198702489 AB - Techniques used to estimate quantitatively the risk to the individual of a given level of a contaminant in drinking water, and the total health effect due to existing levels of a contaminant in drinking water, are reviewed. Assessment techniques differed according to the contaminant in question. Those used for volatile organic compounds and pesticides, inorganics such as lead and asbestos, radionuclides, microbiological contaminants, and a few other substances, are discussed. A discussion of the general techniques of risk assessment and risk management is also included. There are 124 references. JF - CRC Critical Reviews in Environmental Control AU - Cothern, C R AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 357 EP - 399 VL - 16 IS - 4 KW - Hazard KW - Inorganic compounds KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13805904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CRC+Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Control&rft.atitle=Techniques+for+the+assessment+of+carcinogenic+risk+due+to+drinking+water+contaminants&rft.au=Cothern%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Cothern&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CRC+Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Control&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Movement of Kepone (Chlordecone) across an undisturbed sediment-water interface in laboratory systems AN - 13805558; 198700234 AB - Screened and sterilized sediment obtained from Pensacola Bay was allowed to settle for seven days before being allowed to contact a continuous flow of Kepone solution. Kepone concentration was determined by measurement of total radioactivity of carbon-14 labelled Kepone. Most Kepone accumulated in the top 0.6 to 1.5 cm over the sediment. A mathematical model was developed to predict Kepone concentrations at various depths after varying times in contact with sediment. The equilibrium partition coefficient determined from batch experiments was 8200 ug per kilogram. A Kepone distribution based on diffusion rates that decreased with depth and with incubation time gave the best fit with observed data. The apparently faster rates in the upper sediment were attributed to mixing between interstitial and overlying water. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Pritchard, PH AU - Monti, CA AU - O'Neill, E J AU - Connolly, J P AU - Ahearn, D G AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 647 EP - 657 VL - 5 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13805558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Movement+of+Kepone+%28Chlordecone%29+across+an+undisturbed+sediment-water+interface+in+laboratory+systems&rft.au=Pritchard%2C+PH%3BMonti%2C+CA%3BO%27Neill%2C+E+J%3BConnolly%2C+J+P%3BAhearn%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Pritchard&rft.aufirst=PH&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methylene blue: potential for colour-labelling treated sewage effluents of re-use AN - 13805341; 198701243 AB - The feasibility of re-using sewage works effluents for various purposes was under consideration in Hong Kong. It was proposed that this non-potable water should be coloured, so that any contamination of potable supplies would immediately be obvious. Methylene blue would be suitable for colour-labelling the re-used water; it was non-toxic, showed disinfecting properties that would help to prevent bacterial regrowth in the distribution system, and was stable to chlorine. JF - Water Pollution Control AU - Cheung, WHS AU - Phillips, DJH AU - Frost, AD AU - Wu, DWC AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Kowloon Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 401 EP - 407 VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0194-0147, 0194-0147 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13805341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Pollution+Control&rft.atitle=Methylene+blue%3A+potential+for+colour-labelling+treated+sewage+effluents+of+re-use&rft.au=Cheung%2C+WHS%3BPhillips%2C+DJH%3BFrost%2C+AD%3BWu%2C+DWC&rft.aulast=Cheung&rft.aufirst=WHS&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Pollution+Control&rft.issn=01940147&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Presidential veto on high cost of water quality AN - 13805255; 198701314 AB - The U.S. Water Quality Act of 1986 was vetoed by President Reagan in November 1986. The bill would have ended federal subsidies for sewage works construction in 1994 and expanded regulatory efforts to control toxic hazards, storm runoff, non-point water pollution, and estuarine pollution. Instead of federal subsidies, a revolving fund of federal money could be loaned to localities to build sewage treatment facilities. No further funding would occur after 1994. The president objected to the subsidy/revolving fund. U.S. legislation for water pollution control leading up to the proposed act was outlined. JF - Water Bulletin AU - Kern, TE AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 10 EP - 11 IS - 236 KW - Hazard KW - Object-oriented KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13805255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Presidential+veto+on+high+cost+of+water+quality&rft.au=Kern%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Kern&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=236&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Bulletin&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design model for the overland flow process AN - 13805191; 198703103 AB - Results are presented from a field study to verify a mathematical model proposed by the U.S. EPA for the design of overland flow systems for sewage treatment. The mean values of the experimental data collected are summarized in a table. From the equation and the collected data, it was concluded that secondary treatment criteria for BOD and total suspended solids could be met with overland flow slopes of 15 m in length when crude sewage was applied, and of less than 15 m when primary effluent was applied, during warm weather. Removals of BOD, total suspended solids, ammonia, and total organic carbon were shown to be first-order reactions. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Witherow, J L AU - Bledsoe, B E AD - U.S. EPA, Ada, Okla. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 381 EP - 386 VL - 58 IS - 5 KW - Effluent (treated) (see also sewage works effluent) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13805191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Design+model+for+the+overland+flow+process&rft.au=Witherow%2C+J+L%3BBledsoe%2C+B+E&rft.aulast=Witherow&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=381&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and chronic effects of water quality criteria-based metal mixtures on three aquatic species AN - 13805189; 198701114 AB - In acute toxicity tests rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), and Ceriodaphnia dubia were exposed to aqueous media containing arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, silver and phosphorus mixed in proportion to their individual criterion maximal concentrations (CMC). Test concentrations ranged from 0.5 CMC to 8 CMC. In corresponding chronic toxicity studies (daphnids, minnows and trout exposed for 7, 32 and 90 days respectively), the metals were mixed in proportions to their individual criterion average concentrations (CAC), and test concentrations ranged from 0.5 CAC to 16 CAC. Fathead minnows and daphnids were also exposed to the metals mixed in proportion to their individual LC50 and MATC concentrations. Acute exposure to the 1 CMC mixture caused 100 per cent mortality in trout and daphnids, while the 4 CMC and 8 CMC mixtures reduced minnow survival by 15 and 60 per cent respectively. Daphnid reproduction and fathead minnow growth were reduced by chronic exposure to the 1 CAC mixture. Embryo hatchability and rainbow trout growth were adversely affected by 4 CAC. Chronic exposure to mixtures containing the metals at 0.33-0.5 MATC concentrations also produced adverse effects. These results suggested that, when several toxicants were present, single chemical water quality criteria might not be sufficient to protect some aqueous species. JF - Experimental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Spehar, R L AU - Fiandt, J T AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 917 EP - 931 VL - 5 IS - 10 KW - Media KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13805189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Acute+and+chronic+effects+of+water+quality+criteria-based+metal+mixtures+on+three+aquatic+species&rft.au=Spehar%2C+R+L%3BFiandt%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Spehar&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and validation of site-specific water quality criteria for copper AN - 13805155; 198701531 AB - The indicator species procedure was one of the methods (U.S. EPA Guidelines 1983, 1984) for deriving site-specific water quality criteria by modifying national criteria, and involved comparative toxicity testing in both clean reference water and site water. In this study, site-specific criteria for copper were derived for a 50 km stretch of the Naugatuck river (from Torrington to Ansonia), which received both domestic and industrial wastes. The test species were Ceriodaphnia dubia, Scapholebris sp. and Pimephales promelas. LC50 values for copper in reference water and in water from a relatively clean upstream site (station 1) were not significantly different (ie water effect ratio equalled 1). Consequently, the site specific criterion continuous concentrations (CCC) and criterion maximal concentrations (CMC) were the same as national criteria based on hardness of the reference water (6.2 and 8.8 ug copper per litre respectively). At more polluted downstream stations (4-7), mean water effect ratios ranged from 3.9 to 7.0, and resultant station specific CCC's and CMC's were 24-43 and 34-61 ug copper per litre. Ecological survey data showed that relatively healthy aquatic communities existed at station 2-5. It was therefore concluded that the national and site-specific water quality criteria for copper would protect aquatic life in the Naugatuck river. Although it was not possible to determine whether the station-specific criteria for copper would protect aquatic life in the Naugatuck river. Although it was not possible to determine whether the station-specific criteria were protective, it was noted that, where these criteria were exceeded (stations 6 and 7), there was marked impairment of aquatic communities. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Carlson, A R AU - Nelson, H AU - Hammermeister, D AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 997 EP - 1012 VL - 5 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13805155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Development+and+validation+of+site-specific+water+quality+criteria+for+copper&rft.au=Carlson%2C+A+R%3BNelson%2C+H%3BHammermeister%2C+D&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=997&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control of microorganisms of public health concern in water AN - 13805144; 198701384 AB - A microbial barrier approach is described which is used to manage water quality for downstream uses involving pubic health concerns. The first barrier is natural self purification involving sedimentation, nutrient limitation, competitive microbial flora, predators, aeration, sunlight exposure, water temperature, water pH, travel time or holding time. Wastewater treatment, water supply sources and water supply treatment are discussed. Maximal protection may be provided by combining multiple barriers. JF - Journal of Environmental Sciences AU - Geldreich, EE AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 34 EP - 37 VL - 29 IS - 2 KW - Plants (see also aquatic macrophytes, grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13805144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Sciences&rft.atitle=Control+of+microorganisms+of+public+health+concern+in+water&rft.au=Geldreich%2C+EE&rft.aulast=Geldreich&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Sciences&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical products and toxicologic effects of disinfection AN - 13804937; 198701216 AB - A pilot plant was constructed to treat Mississippi river water. After clarification with diallyldimethylammonium chloride or dimethylamine type cationic polymers, and fluoridation, water was divided into 5 streams to assess the effectiveness of chlorine, monochloramine, chlorine dioxide and ozone disinfection, at dose rates of 1.0, 2.1, 0.5 and 0.5 mg per litre respectively. TOC and total organic halide (TOX) were monitored in conjunction with disinfectant residual. Volatile and non volatile organics were monitored and the effectiveness of sand and GAC filtration assessed. Toxicity tests were used to determine the mutagenic /carcinogenetic potential of the filtrates. Ozone produced the least organic products and chlorine the most. All disinfectants reduced the heterotrophic plate count (HPC) but the GAC filter gave a filtrate with HPC levels greater than non-disinfected systems. Reverse osmosis was not a good method for concentrating drinking water samples for toxicological studies. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Lykins, B W AU - Koffskey, W E AU - Miller, R G AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 66 EP - 75 VL - 78 IS - 11 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Filters (see also packed columns, groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13804937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Chemical+products+and+toxicologic+effects+of+disinfection&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BKoffskey%2C+W+E%3BMiller%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved method for recovery of enteric viruses from wastewater sludges AN - 13803606; 198700239 AB - Factors affecting a recently developed procedure for recovery of enteric viruses from sewage sludge, involving elution with buffered beef extract and subsequent concentration by organic flocculation, have been investigated. A statistically significant reciprocal correlation was found between the ratio of eluant to sludge solids content used during the elution stage, and the efficiency of the subsequent organic flocculation-concentration stage. The possible mechanism involved in the concentration procedure is discussed. Two modifications to the technique are proposed, to improve the efficiency of recovery of viruses. JF - Water Research AU - Hurst, C J AU - Goyke, T AD - US EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1321 EP - 1324 VL - 20 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13803606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Improved+method+for+recovery+of+enteric+viruses+from+wastewater+sludges&rft.au=Hurst%2C+C+J%3BGoyke%2C+T&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drinking water transmission of giardiasis in the United States AN - 13803341; 198703013 AB - The flagellated protozoans of the genus Giardia are described, with particular reference to Giardia lamblia which affects humans, and the incidence of waterborne outbreaks of giardiasis in the U.S.A. since the first reported case in 1965 is reviewed. The sources and occurrence of Giardia in watercourses, and methods of water treatment for its control, are reviewed. It is concluded that G. lamblia was a major cause of gastro-enteritis in U.S.A. Filtration with adequate chemical pre-treatment, and followed by adequate disinfection, is necessary to control the organism. A bibliography of 30 references is appended. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Akin, E W AU - Jakubowski, W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 219 EP - 226 VL - 18 IS - 10 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13803341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Drinking+water+transmission+of+giardiasis+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Akin%2C+E+W%3BJakubowski%2C+W&rft.aulast=Akin&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional acid deposition calculations with the IBM PC LOTUS 1-2-3 system AN - 13803086; 198702283 AB - Basic mainframe computer methods for performing regional acid deposition calculations were adapted to the IBM PC LOTUS 1-2-3 spreadsheet system. The first method involved matrix algebra with transfer matrices from mathematical models. The second method involved solving a simple mathematical model of regional acid deposition to produce a transfer matrix. Schematic diagrams of the two methods and of the spreadsheet layouts are given together with listings of the LOTUS macros used to facilitate the calculations. Recommendations for further enhancement of the system are discussed. JF - Environmental Software AU - Niemann, B L AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 175 EP - 181 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 0266-9838, 0266-9838 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13803086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Software&rft.atitle=Regional+acid+deposition+calculations+with+the+IBM+PC+LOTUS+1-2-3+system&rft.au=Niemann%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Niemann&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Software&rft.issn=02669838&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionic composition of acid lakes in relation to airborne inputs and watershed characteristics AN - 13803018; 198702084 AB - Sampling and analysis of 990 surface water sites were carried out from 1978 to 1983 in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan and Ontario to evaluate the significance of geographic patterns in the ion composition of acid and basic reactants in precipitation and surface waters. Approximately equal numbers of sensitive and insensitive lakes were chosen according to the sensitivity criteria developed by Glass and Loucks in 1980. In situ measurements of water quality were made and samples were collected at mid-lake at a depth of 1 m during spring and autumn turnovers when the lakes were well mixed, and during summer and winter stratification. It was found that average precipitation fell from west to east from 4.8 to 4.6 to 4.3 along a cross-section of the sites. Measurements of weakly buffered lakes showed a parallel decline in lake water pH from 5.1 to 4.6 to 4.4. Similarly the percentage of lakes with little or no acid neutralizing capacity rose from 0 to 4 to 13 per cent respectively. The acid forming capacity from airborne inputs is calculated using mass balance and in-lake processes. This capacity is calculated to range from 30 to 60, 50 to 90 and 80 to 130 ueq hydrogen ion concentration per litre respectively in northeastern Minnesota-Ontario, northcental Wisconsin and northern Michigan-Ontario. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Glass, GE AU - Sorensen, JA AU - Liukkonen, B W AU - Rapp, G R AU - Loucks, O L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1 EP - 15 VL - 31 IS - 1/2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13803018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Ionic+composition+of+acid+lakes+in+relation+to+airborne+inputs+and+watershed+characteristics&rft.au=Glass%2C+GE%3BSorensen%2C+JA%3BLiukkonen%2C+B+W%3BRapp%2C+G+R%3BLoucks%2C+O+L&rft.aulast=Glass&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial resistance to disinfectants: mechanisms and significance AN - 13802469; 198702698 AB - General characteristics of waterborne pathogens and the disinfection process are briefly reviewed. Deviations from predicted inactivation rates were attributed to genetically based changes in resistance, growth condition effects and particle association effects. Under controlled conditions, inactivation rates resembled first order chemical reaction rates allowing prediction of effectiveness of disinfection under specific conditions. Factors causing deviation from first order kinetics are discussed. The implications for water treatment are considered. The most important effect in the enhanced resistance to disinfection is the association of pathogens with particulate material. A bibliography of 30 references is appended. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hoff, J C AU - Akin, E W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 7 EP - 13 VL - 69 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13802469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Microbial+resistance+to+disinfectants%3A+mechanisms+and+significance&rft.au=Hoff%2C+J+C%3BAkin%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Hoff&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Results of toxicological testing of Jefferson Parish pilot plant samples AN - 13802242; 198702700 AB - At the pilot scale Jefferson Parish water treatment plant, the influent stream was divided into 5 separate process streams, treated with; no disinfectant; ozone; chlorine dioxide; monochloramine, or chlorine, prior to granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration. Water was sampled before and after each treatment stage. Samples were collected and concentrated by reverse osmosis or XAD resin adsorption. The latter procedure was preferred as samples could be concentrated up to 4000 times. The toxicity of the concentrates was determined using; the Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay; an in vivo 30-day mouse study; the SENCAR mouse skin initiation-promotion assay; a rat liver foci assay, and the lung adenoma assay in Strain A mice. None of the concentrates showed significant carcinogenic activity in the latter 3 assays. However, concentrates of water treated with chlorine, chlorine dioxide or monochloramine gave consistent mutagenic responses in the Ames test. GAC treatment was initially effective in removing both the mutagenicity and the mutagen-forming potential of chlorine treated water, but data indicated that GAC may become ineffective after extended use (6-14 months). There was no consistent pattern of overt toxicity in the in vivo 30 day mouse study. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Miller, R G AU - Kopfler, F C AU - Condie, L W AU - Pereira, MA AU - Meier, J R AU - Ringhand, H P AU - Robinson, M AU - Casto, B C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 129 EP - 139 VL - 69 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13802242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Results+of+toxicological+testing+of+Jefferson+Parish+pilot+plant+samples&rft.au=Miller%2C+R+G%3BKopfler%2C+F+C%3BCondie%2C+L+W%3BPereira%2C+MA%3BMeier%2C+J+R%3BRinghand%2C+H+P%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BCasto%2C+B+C&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolving concepts of subsurface contaminant transport AN - 13802002; 198703000 AB - Natural processes (including physical, chemical, and biological processes) which affect subsurface transport of contaminants in groundwater are reviewed, and the use of these processes for investigating and predicting subsurface transport is discussed. The approaches to site characterization required for application of the various methods are summarized in tables. Aspects which need further studies are indicated. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Keely, J F AU - Piwoni, MD AU - Wilson, J T AD - U.S. EPA, Ada, Okla. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 349 EP - 357 VL - 58 IS - 5 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13802002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Evolving+concepts+of+subsurface+contaminant+transport&rft.au=Keely%2C+J+F%3BPiwoni%2C+MD%3BWilson%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Keely&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Survival of indigenous enteric viruses during storage of waste water sludge samples AN - 13801848; 198701939 AB - The rates at which indigenous enteric virus populations decreased during storage of samples of settled primary sludges and mixed liquor activated sludges at temperatures of 23C, 2C and minus 70C were studied. These temperatures were chosen to represent an air conditioned room, wet ice and dry ice. Linear regression analysis was used to determine relationships between storage temperature and virus inactivation rates. Virus survival depended on temperature but not on sludge type or solids content. Average times which would be required for a 90 per cent decrease in virus titre were 26 days at 23C, 180 days at 2C and 163 days at minus 70C. Differences in virus inactivation rates between minus 70C and 2C were small. Freezing of sludge samples did not appear to have any significant advantage for virus preservation. JF - Canadian Journal of Microbiology AU - Hurst, C J AU - Goyke, T AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 645 EP - 648 VL - 32 IS - 8 KW - Freezing KW - Reduction KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13801848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Survival+of+indigenous+enteric+viruses+during+storage+of+waste+water+sludge+samples&rft.au=Hurst%2C+C+J%3BGoyke%2C+T&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=645&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stability of viruses in waste water sludge eluates AN - 13801821; 198701940 AB - The rates at which indigenous enteric virus populations decreased during storage of samples of unconcentrated and concentrated sludge eluates from settled primary sludges and mixed liquor activated sludge were studied. The temperatures 23C, 2C and minus 70C were chosen to represent an air conditioned room, wet ice and dry ice. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationships between storage temperature, virus inactivation rates and unconcentrated or concentrated eluates. Average times which would be required for a 90 per cent decrease in virus titre were 27 and 22 days at 23C, 198 and 132 days at 2C, 357 and 246 days at minus 70C for unconcentrated and concentrated eluates, respectively. Differences in virus inactivation rates between minus 70C and 2C were small. Freezing of samples did not appear to have any significant advantage for virus preservation. JF - Canadian Journal of Microbiology AU - Hurst, C J AU - Goyke, T AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 649 EP - 653 VL - 32 IS - 8 KW - Freezing KW - Reduction KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13801821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Stability+of+viruses+in+waste+water+sludge+eluates&rft.au=Hurst%2C+C+J%3BGoyke%2C+T&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of molecular topology to quantitative structure-biodegradability relationships AN - 13801668; S198825056 AB - The feasibility of applying molecular connectivity to quantitative structure/biodegradability relationships (QSBR) using linear statistical modelling was investigated. Zero- to sixth-order connectivity indices were calculated using the program CFNUC, accessible on the DECsystem 10 computer at the National Institutes of Health, Bethseda, Md. Biodegradation data for homologous series of compounds (2,4-D esters, N-chlorophenylcarbamates, dialkyl esters, aliphatic alcohols and acids, phthalate esters) were obtained from the literature. All compounds within a series had been tested under the same conditions. Results indicated that the apparent effect of alkyl chain branching on biodegradation could be quantitatively described by connectivity indices. Molecular shape might also play a role in determining biodegradability. Two-variable models substantially improved results for aliphatic alcohols and acids. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Boethling, R S AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 797 EP - 806 VL - 5 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - 2,4-d KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13801668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Application+of+molecular+topology+to+quantitative+structure-biodegradability+relationships&rft.au=Boethling%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Boethling&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=797&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of commercial Aroclors by automated mass spectrometric determination of polychlorinated biphenyls by level of chlorination AN - 13798231; S198825220 AB - Automated determinations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) were performed using specialized software operating on a microcomputer and capable of handling unprocessed GC/MS data. Nine commercial Aroclor reference mixtures were characterized by identification and measurement of PCB isomer groups via their levels of chlorination, relative retention times and relative abundances. Data, acquired in this way, were used to identify and measure Aroclors in two solutions, one containing 4 Aroclor mixtures and one containing 7 Aroclor mixtures. However, while individual Aroclors were determined with relative ease, mixed Aroclor determinations were impractical for routine analyses of environmental samples. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Alford-Stevens, AL AU - Bellar, T A AU - Eichelberger, J W AU - Budde, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 2014 EP - 2022 VL - 58 IS - 9 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13798231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+commercial+Aroclors+by+automated+mass+spectrometric+determination+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls+by+level+of+chlorination&rft.au=Alford-Stevens%2C+AL%3BBellar%2C+T+A%3BEichelberger%2C+J+W%3BBudde%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Alford-Stevens&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2014&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A stainless-steel soil solution sampler for monitoring pesticides in the vadose zone AN - 13798121; S198824638 AB - Details of the design and field performance of an in situ soil solution sampler for monitoring the leaching of pesticides or other dissolved chemicals in the unsaturated (vadose) soil zone are presented. The sampler consisted of a stainless steel tube with a porous ceramic cap and was capable of collecting a total volume of 0.5 litres of soil solution per sample. It performed successfully in a field study in south-west Georgia during 1984. JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Smith, C N AU - Carsel, R F AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 263 EP - 265 VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - Insitu KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13798121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=A+stainless-steel+soil+solution+sampler+for+monitoring+pesticides+in+the+vadose+zone&rft.au=Smith%2C+C+N%3BCarsel%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accuracy and precision of determinations of chlorinated pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls with automated interpretation of mass spectrometric data AN - 13798083; S198825221 AB - Accuracy and precision data were presented for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and 21 chlorinated pesticides in water extracts by GC/MS procedures including the use of special software for automatic interpretation of mass spectral data. Determination of the PCB isomer groups was by level of chlorination. The reproducibility of mass spectrometer response over a 3 month period, relative to two internal standards, as well as three capillary column injection techniques, were evaluated. Extracts of natural river waters (Ohio river, Cincinnati) exhibited the highest method bias. Neither PCB nor any of the 21 target pesticides were detected unless fortified river water samples were analysed. Fortified reagent water extracts gave replicate measurements standard deviations for individual pesticides (3-10 ug per litre), PCB isomer groups (unknown concentrations) and total PCB (27-130 ug per litre) as 8.4, 16.0 and 2.9 per cent respectively. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Alford-Stevens, AL AU - Bellar, T A AU - Eichelberger, J W AU - Budde, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 2022 EP - 2029 VL - 58 IS - 9 KW - Columns KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13798083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Accuracy+and+precision+of+determinations+of+chlorinated+pesticides+and+polychlorinated+biphenyls+with+automated+interpretation+of+mass+spectrometric+data&rft.au=Alford-Stevens%2C+AL%3BBellar%2C+T+A%3BEichelberger%2C+J+W%3BBudde%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Alford-Stevens&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2022&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved sea urchin DNA-based embryo growth toxicity test AN - 13797412; S198824931 AB - The major disadvantage of the sea urchin (Arbacia punctulata) early embryo growth toxicity test (Jackim and Nacci, 1984) was the requirement for radioactive thymidine. The modified test described monitored embryo growth, during 5 h post-fertilization, by direct measurement of DNA increases. The fluorometric method used for DNA quantification was that described by Downs and Wilfinger (1983). Variability between replicate samples was lower with this test than with the (3H) thymidine incorporation method, and test results for 8 organic compounds and 4 metals showed good correlation with their 48 h LC50 in Daphnia magna and 96 h EC50 in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). This rapid, sensitive toxicity test should be included in aquatic toxicity programmes in preference to the thymidine incorporation method. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Jackim, E AU - Nacci, D AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 561 EP - 565 VL - 5 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13797412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Improved+sea+urchin+DNA-based+embryo+growth+toxicity+test&rft.au=Jackim%2C+E%3BNacci%2C+D&rft.aulast=Jackim&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of dibutyl phthalate-contaminated sediment to laboratory- and field-colonized estuarine benthic communities AN - 13797171; S198825341 AB - Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is widely used in industry and significant amounts have been found in the aquatic environment. Details are given of laboratory and field studies to assess the effects of DBP on macrobenthic estuarine communities exposed to sediment contaminated with this compound. In the laboratory, sand-filled boxes were colonized by settling of planktonic larvae entrained in continuously-supplied unfiltered sea water. In the field tests, sand-filled boxes were placed in sea water at a depth of 3 m and colonized by naturally occurring animals. After 8 weeks the animals were collected, identified, and analysed for their DBP content; the results are tabulated. The highest concentration of DBP in the sediment significantly reduced the number of species present. Reasons for the differences in the effects of DBP on phyla in the laboratory and field communities are discussed. The sediment concentrations of DBP that significantly affected abundance of the macrobenthos were 2 order of magnitude greater than those previously reported for waterborne exposure. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Tagatz, ME AU - Plaia, G R AU - Deans, CH AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 141 EP - 150 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Analysis KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Waterborne KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13797171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+dibutyl+phthalate-contaminated+sediment+to+laboratory-+and+field-colonized+estuarine+benthic+communities&rft.au=Tagatz%2C+ME%3BPlaia%2C+G+R%3BDeans%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Tagatz&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Amended SDWA marks new era in the water industry AN - 13796522; S198825203 AB - The 1986 amendments to the Safe Water Drinking Act (SDWA) are considered in terms of their impact on future water utility management and operations. The mandates of Congress are considered together with the goals of the U.S. EPA in implementing the new legislation. The U.S. EPA has proposed monitoring for chemicals not yet regulated to determine frequency of occurrence and concentration. Regulations will be developed specifying criteria under which mandatory filtration and disinfection is to be provided. Variations and exemptions together with aspect of enforcement are considered. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Cook, M B AU - Schnare, D W AD - U.S. EPA, Washington Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 66 EP - 69 VL - 78 IS - 8 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13796522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Amended+SDWA+marks+new+era+in+the+water+industry&rft.au=Cook%2C+M+B%3BSchnare%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminant trends in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from the upper Great Lakes AN - 13795747; S198824405 AB - Tabulated data are presented on the concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), DDT, oxychlordane, and dieldrin in samples of lake trout collected from lakes Michigan, Huron, and Superior during 1970-1982. The results were analysed statistically to assess long-term trends in the accumulation of these organic compounds in fish. The most extensive data were those obtained for Michigan lake, which showed reductions in accumulation of contaminants. Reductions in PCB and DDT followed first-order loss kinetics; the apparent reduction in dieldrin content was not reflected in other fish species, and further monitoring was required to confirm if this was a truly declining trend. The only other statistically significant trend was a decline in DDT in trout in Superior lake. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - DeVault, D S AU - Willford, WA AU - Hesselberg, R J AU - Nortrupt, DA AU - Rundberg, EGS AU - Alwan, A K AU - Bautista, C AD - U.S. EPA, Chicago, Ill. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 349 EP - 356 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Analysis KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13795747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Contaminant+trends+in+lake+trout+%28Salvelinus+namaycush%29+from+the+upper+Great+Lakes&rft.au=DeVault%2C+D+S%3BWillford%2C+WA%3BHesselberg%2C+R+J%3BNortrupt%2C+DA%3BRundberg%2C+EGS%3BAlwan%2C+A+K%3BBautista%2C+C&rft.aulast=DeVault&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=349&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of age on sensitivity of Daphnia magna to cadmium, copper and cyanazine AN - 13794886; S198824929 AB - D. magna were divided into 8 age groups, covering the range from less than 4 h old to 6 days old. Mean 48 h EC50 values for cadmium and copper ranged from 23 and 6 ug per litre respectively in 6 day old daphnids to 164 and 18 ug per litre respectively in 2 day old animals. Cyanazine EC50 ranged from 53 mg per litre in 2 day old animals to 106 mg per litre in Daphnia less than 4 h old. As EC50 results obtained with 1 day old animals were very similar to those obtained with 5 day olds (46 and 49 ug cadmium per litre, 10 and 10 ug copper per litre, 84 and 86 mg cyanazine per litre), using older animals was acceptable. Their larger size would simplify recovery in acute sediment toxicity tests. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Cairns, MA AU - Onjukka, ST AU - Titus, R H AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 527 EP - 530 VL - 5 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13794886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effect+of+age+on+sensitivity+of+Daphnia+magna+to+cadmium%2C+copper+and+cyanazine&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BCairns%2C+MA%3BOnjukka%2C+ST%3BTitus%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Survival of Daphnia magna and Hyalella azteca in cadmium-spiked water and sediment AN - 13794374; S198825569 AB - Daphnia magna and Hyalella azteca were acutely exposed to cadmium in both water-only and water-sediment static test systems. Flow-through experiments in which the sediment contained the same amount of cadmium as in the static tests but the overlying water contained no cadmium, were also conducted. LC50 values (48 h for D. magna, 96 h and 10 days for H. azteca) were calculated in terms of total water cadmium, soluble cadmium, and free cadmium ion concentrations. Results indicated that cadmium in the sediment and cadmium adsorbed to solute organic material was not biologically available. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Onjukka, ST AU - Cairns, MA AU - Krawczyk, D F AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 933 EP - 938 VL - 5 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13794374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Survival+of+Daphnia+magna+and+Hyalella+azteca+in+cadmium-spiked+water+and+sediment&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BOnjukka%2C+ST%3BCairns%2C+MA%3BKrawczyk%2C+D+F&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=933&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicokinetic modelling of (C-14) pentachlorophenol in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) AN - 13793291; S198825567 AB - Rainbow trout (630-840 g) were exposed to radiolabelled pentachlorophenol (1.0 ug PCP per litre) in a Plexiglas respirometer-metabolism chamber for 48 h, followed by 48 h depuration. Mean values for total PCP acquired by the trout and dose rate constant (calculated on the basis of exposure time, ventilation volume, aqueous PCP concentrations and uptake efficiency) were 230 ug per kg for 48 h and 5.0 litres per kg.h, respectively. Corresponding values, based on measured PCP body burden and excretion, were 212 ug per kg for 48 h and 4.6 litres per kg.h, respectively. A first order kinetic model and observed data were used to generate fitted and predicted PCP rate constants for gill uptake and depuration, urine, faeces and total depuration, steady state BCF, elimination half time, and time to 95 per cent steady state. The fitted uptake-depuration curves agreed with those observed, suggesting that first order kinetics approximated the behaviour of the whole body PCP burden. Predicted curves differed from those observed by a factor of 2-3, due to the low predicted value (200 litres per kg) for the steady state BCF. The model developed from empirical data yielded estimated values of 460 litres per kg for PCP steady state BCF, 65 h for elimination half time, and 280 h to 95 per cent steady state. Approximately 50 per cent of the PCP was eliminated via the gills, 30 per cent of faeces and bile, and 20 per cent in urine. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - McKim, J M AU - Schmieder, P K AU - Erickson, R J AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 59 EP - 80 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13793291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicokinetic+modelling+of+%28C-14%29+pentachlorophenol+in+the+rainbow+trout+%28Salmo+gairdneri%29&rft.au=McKim%2C+J+M%3BSchmieder%2C+P+K%3BErickson%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=McKim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Waterborne giardiasis in the United States 1965-84 AN - 13793168; S198825865 AB - A review of the causes of waterborne giardiasis outbreaks in the U.S. published in 1979 is updated. By the end of 1984, 90 outbreaks and 23,776 cases of giardiasis had been reported in the U.S. Sixty-nine per cent of outbreaks and 74 per cent of cases were related to community water systems with at least 25 year-round residents or 15 service connections. Most outbreaks were in the northeastern, northwestern, and Rocky mountain states and most resulted from use of contaminated surface water which either had not been treated or had been treated by simple chlorination only. Fifteen per cent of the U.S. cases resulted from contamination of water mains through cross-connections, or damage to mains. Giardiasis has only recently been transmitted via these routes. Water systems experiencing such outbreaks were frequently negative for coliforms prior to or during the outbreak because contamination from cross connections generally affected a small part of the system for a short period, and chlorination might have affected detection. JF - Lancet AU - Craun, G F AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 513 EP - 514 IS - 8505 SN - 0099-5355, 0099-5355 KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13793168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lancet&rft.atitle=Waterborne+giardiasis+in+the+United+States+1965-84&rft.au=Craun%2C+G+F&rft.aulast=Craun&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=8505&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lancet&rft.issn=00995355&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: General. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Haloacetonitriles: metabolism, genotoxicity, and tumour-initiating activity AN - 13793041; S198826668 AB - Chlorination of drinking water produced chlorinated organic compounds, including halogenated acetonitriles (HAN). The HAN reacted with the electrophile-trapping agent 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine, the alkylating potential decreasing in the order of DBAN, BCAN, CAN, DCAN and TCAN. In rats, the extent to which orally administered HAN were excreted as thiocyanate in the urine was dependent on the halogen substitution. In vivo inhibition of microsomal dimethylnitrosamine demethylase (DMN-DM) activity was greatest with DBAN and BCAN, and lowest with CAN. Orally administered TCAN inhibited hepatic DMN-DM activity. All the test HAN induced DNA strand breaks in cultured human lymphoblastic (CCRF-CEM) cells. TCAN was most potent in this respect, but CAN was only marginally active. DCAN reacted with polyadenylic acid and DNA to form adducts in a cell free system, but orally administered DBAN or DCAN did not form adducts with rat liver DNA. Orally administered HAN did not induce GGT (gamma-glutamytranspeptidase) foci in rat liver. It was suggested that any carcinogenic activity associated with HAN in drinking water would be confined to the gastrointestinal tract. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lin, ELC AU - Daniel, F B AU - Herren-Freund, S L AU - Pereira, MA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 67 EP - 71 VL - 69 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Dimethylnitrosamine KW - Acetonitrile KW - Reduction KW - Haloacetonitriles KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13793041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Haloacetonitriles%3A+metabolism%2C+genotoxicity%2C+and+tumour-initiating+activity&rft.au=Lin%2C+ELC%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BHerren-Freund%2C+S+L%3BPereira%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=ELC&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Single-laboratory validation of EPA method 8150 for determination of chlorinated herbicides in hazardous wastes AN - 13791669; S198927101 AB - A single-laboratory validation applicable to the determination of the herbicides dicamba, silvex, 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, 2,4,5-T, dinoseb, MCPP, MCPA and dichlorprop in hazardous wastes was completed and is described. U.S. EPA method 8150 is described in full. Free acid herbicides were extracted with dichloromethane after adjustment of the pH to 2.5 with phosphate buffer. After concentration, herbicides were derivatized with diazomethane. The ruggedness of the method was established and experimental parameters and ester hydrolysis optimized. Mean recovery was 89.3 per cent with a standard deviation of 4.3 per cent. Instrument detection limits for electron capture detection and mass spectrometry identity confirmation were matrix dependent. There are 31 references. JF - Journal of Association of Official Analytical Chemists AU - Gurka, D F AU - Shore, F L AU - Pan, ST AU - Amick, EN AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 970 EP - 975 VL - 69 IS - 6 KW - 2,4-d KW - Instrumentation KW - Ruggedness KW - Diazomethane KW - Methoxydichlorobenzoic acid KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Methylene chloride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13791669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Association+of+Official+Analytical+Chemists&rft.atitle=Single-laboratory+validation+of+EPA+method+8150+for+determination+of+chlorinated+herbicides+in+hazardous+wastes&rft.au=Gurka%2C+D+F%3BShore%2C+F+L%3BPan%2C+ST%3BAmick%2C+EN&rft.aulast=Gurka&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=970&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Association+of+Official+Analytical+Chemists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of synthetic polyelectrolytes on selected aquatic organisms AN - 13781471; S198926819 AB - In view of the widespread use of synthetic polyelectrolytes (polymers), the acute toxicity of such compounds to daphnids (Daphnia magna), fish (Pimephales promelas), gammarids (Gammarus pseudolimnaeus), and midges (Paratanytarsus parthenogeneticus) was determined. Microcosm tests using 5 aquatic animals and 10 species of phytoplankton were also carried out. The 3 non-ionic and 10 anionic polyelectrolytes tested were not acutely toxic at a concentration of 100 mg per litre, with the exception of one experimental anionic polymer. Of the 15 cationic polyelectrolytes tested, only 2 were not toxic at 100 mg per litre; the acute toxicities of these compounds are tabulated, and demonstrated large differences in sensitivity between different types of aquatic organism. Additional tests showed that cationic polyelectrolytes could be detoxified by addition of an anionic polymer or of a clay material. In the microcosm experiments, algal growth was retarded at high polyelectrolyte concentrations, but there was no evidence of a direct toxic effect on the algae. Micrographs showing damage to gills of fathead minnows resulting from exposure to a cationic polymer are included. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Biesinger, KE AU - Stokes, G N AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 207 EP - 213 VL - 58 IS - 3 KW - Algae (see also individual groups below) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13781471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Effects+of+synthetic+polyelectrolytes+on+selected+aquatic+organisms&rft.au=Biesinger%2C+KE%3BStokes%2C+G+N&rft.aulast=Biesinger&rft.aufirst=KE&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computer assisted preliminary design for drinking water treatment process systems AN - 13765553; S199032376 AB - A computer model was developed for estimating performance and cost of proposed and existing water supply systems. Twenty five unit processes were assessed. The programme was written in BASIC (WATER MAID) and in FORTRAN (DWCAD) each requiring different input and output procedures but deriving the same answers. The concentrations of 55 chemical and physicochemical parameters were required. Design decision parameters might be entered directly using WATER MAID. DWCAD allowed input or updating from previously created data files. JF - Proceedings Annual Conference American Water Works Association. Denver, Colo. AU - Eilers, R G AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1283 EP - 1286 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13765553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+Annual+Conference+American+Water+Works+Association.+Denver%2C+Colo.&rft.atitle=Computer+assisted+preliminary+design+for+drinking+water+treatment+process+systems&rft.au=Eilers%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Eilers&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+Annual+Conference+American+Water+Works+Association.+Denver%2C+Colo.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of point of use devices AN - 13763792; S199032368 AB - Factors affecting decisions to install point of use devices instead of constructing water treatment facilities are briefly discussed. Uses of point of use devices for domestic and industrial users and advantages and disadvantages are considered. JF - Proceedings Annual Conference American Water Works Association. Denver, Colo. AU - Trax, JR AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Washington Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1149 EP - 1151 KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13763792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+Annual+Conference+American+Water+Works+Association.+Denver%2C+Colo.&rft.atitle=Overview+of+point+of+use+devices&rft.au=Trax%2C+JR&rft.aulast=Trax&rft.aufirst=JR&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+Annual+Conference+American+Water+Works+Association.+Denver%2C+Colo.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A cost and performance model for evaluating field scale granular activated carbon systems AN - 13763323; S199032383 AB - An empirical model was used to assess performance characteristics of GAC filters. An isotherm relationship was estimated based on effluent histories of pilot and field scale experiments at Jefferson Parish water treatment works. Equations were derived to simulate a full scale system and costs were derived. Optimal designs were developed for a range of TOC targets. Data used in the model is tabulated. Calculated results for TOC reduction and cost relationships are presented. JF - Proceedings Annual Conference American Water Works Association. Denver, Colo. AU - Clark, R M AU - Adams, J Q AU - Lykins, B W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 1449 EP - 1466 KW - Filters (see also packed columns, groups below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13763323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+Annual+Conference+American+Water+Works+Association.+Denver%2C+Colo.&rft.atitle=A+cost+and+performance+model+for+evaluating+field+scale+granular+activated+carbon+systems&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BAdams%2C+J+Q%3BLykins%2C+B+W&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+Annual+Conference+American+Water+Works+Association.+Denver%2C+Colo.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental hazards and corrective actions associated with the Tri-State lead and zinc mining district, Kansas and Oklahoma AN - 1151912376; 2012-096916 JF - Field Trip Guidebook - Association of Missouri Geologists AU - Fuerst, Alice C Y1 - 1986 PY - 1986 DA - 1986 SP - 55 EP - 59 PB - Association of Missouri Geologists, Rolla, MO VL - 33 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - mining KW - Cherokee County Kansas KW - lead ores KW - pollutants KW - zinc ores KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - Ottawa County Oklahoma KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Oklahoma KW - Kansas KW - decontamination KW - mining geology KW - Tri-State mining district KW - sediments KW - metal ores KW - lead-zinc deposits KW - heavy metals KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151912376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Field+Trip+Guidebook+-+Association+of+Missouri+Geologists&rft.atitle=Environmental+hazards+and+corrective+actions+associated+with+the+Tri-State+lead+and+zinc+mining+district%2C+Kansas+and+Oklahoma&rft.au=Fuerst%2C+Alice+C&rft.aulast=Fuerst&rft.aufirst=Alice&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Field+Trip+Guidebook+-+Association+of+Missouri+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.missourigeologists.org/EarlierGuidebooks/Guidebook1986.pdf http://www.missourigeologists.org/index.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - MO N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - CODEN - #06604 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cherokee County Kansas; decontamination; heavy metals; hydrology; Kansas; lead ores; lead-zinc deposits; metal ores; mining; mining geology; Oklahoma; Ottawa County Oklahoma; pollutants; pollution; remediation; rivers and streams; sediments; soils; surface water; Tri-State mining district; United States; water quality; zinc ores ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Outreach--Coming Together to Help Small Communities AN - 19093803; 9009909 AB - The EPA in cooperation with the States is implementing an outreach program to help small communities solve wastewater treatment and disposal problems. The objective of outreach is to build a long-term program to make information and assistance more readily available to small communities. Outreach includes coordinated efforts to improve awareness of wastewater problems and alternatives in treatment as well as establishing communication between the State and local governments. Outreach has the potential to benefit a wide audience including elected officials, engineers, public health officials and the general public. It is the local elected and appointed officials who are the principal targets of the EPA 's outreach program. It is estimated that 14,000 small communities have potential outreach needs. The subject areas of the outreach program include: (1) facilities planning and design to inform officials of the role of on-site systems in solving community wastewater treatment problems; (2) project financing and management, which provides information on alternative methods of funding wastewater treatment; (3) a long-term management project designed to address operations, maintenance, equipment replacement, and financial management. The key products and services that the EPA is making available in its outreach program are: (1) The National Small Flows Clearinghouse at West Virginia University, (2) EPA publications and (3) a cooperative agreement between EPA and the Extension Service of USDA. (See also W90-09908) (Lantz-PTT) JF - On-Site Wastewater Treatment. Proceedings of the Fifth National Symposium on Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems, Chicago, Illinois December 14-15, 1987. ASAE Publication 10-87. American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, Michigan. 1985. p 1-4. AU - Shanaghan, P E AU - Flowers, JE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1985/12// PY - 1985 DA - Dec 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Community development KW - Governmental interrelations KW - Project planning KW - Public participation KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Financing KW - Information exchange KW - Management planning KW - Site selection KW - State jurisdiction KW - Wastewater treatment facilities KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19093803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Outreach--Coming+Together+to+Help+Small+Communities&rft.au=Shanaghan%2C+P+E%3BFlowers%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Shanaghan&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1985-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Feasibility for Performing a Risk Assessment on Pathogens AN - 19008734; 8604507 AB - The practicality of formulating guidelines to assess the risk associated with exposure to pathogens in sludge is evaluated. The feasibility of performing a microbiological risk assessment for pathogens in municipal wastewater sludge by various disposal options was evaluated. Topics include: the mechanism of pathogen transmission, selection of representative pathogens for risk assessment study, the Universal Pathway Model for movement of pathogens, bacteria, viruses, and parasites in wastewater and sludges, uncertainties and major data gaps, and likelihood of exposure to sludge-originated pathogens. Pathogens in sludge, especially pathogenic bacteria, viruses, protozoa, helminths, and fungi, have been studied in various ways, ranging from enumeration of microorganisms before and after various treatments to epidemiological documentation of the role of aerosol pathogens in human infection and disease. Priorities can be set for which exposure situations should be recognized and examined first. Data available for microbiological risk assessment for sludge pathogens varies in quality and quantity for all parts of the process for a limited number of pathogens species. Uncertainties can be identified and rational assumptions justified to augment the evaluation. Risk assessment of pathogens in sludge is a reasonable activity to undertake at this time. Although the models can be improved, sufficient data are available that should approximate reality. (Rochester-PTT) JF - Water Pollution Control Federation Journal JWPFA Vol. 57, No. 12, p 1183-1188, December 1985. 1 fig, 3 tab, 19 ref. AU - Fradkin, L AU - Lutkenhoff, S AU - Stara, J AU - Lomnitz, E AU - Cornaby, B AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH Y1 - 1985/12// PY - 1985 DA - Dec 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Municipal wastewater KW - Sludge KW - Standard formulation KW - Pathogenic bacteria KW - Pathogenic fungi KW - Pathogenic viruses KW - Pathogenic protozoa KW - Pathogenic helminths KW - Risk assessment KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19008734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Feasibility+for+Performing+a+Risk+Assessment+on+Pathogens&rft.au=Fradkin%2C+L%3BLutkenhoff%2C+S%3BStara%2C+J%3BLomnitz%2C+E%3BCornaby%2C+B&rft.aulast=Fradkin&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1985-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coordinated framework for regulation of biotechnology; establishment of the Biotechnology Science Coordinating Committee; notice. AN - 75927542; 11655733 JF - Federal register AU - U.S. Office of Science and Technology Policy AD - U.S. Office of Science and Technology Policy Y1 - 1985/11/14/ PY - 1985 DA - 1985 Nov 14 SP - 47174 EP - 47195 VL - 50 IS - 220 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - Bioethics KW - National Science Foundation KW - Biomedical and Behavioral Research KW - Department of Agriculture KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - National Institutes of Health KW - Legal Approach KW - Biotechnology Science Coordinating Committee KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Internationality KW - Advisory Committees KW - Containment of Biohazards KW - Ecology KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - International Cooperation KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Patents as Topic KW - Industry KW - Government Regulation KW - Government KW - Social Control, Formal KW - Federal Government KW - Public Policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75927542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=Coordinated+framework+for+regulation+of+biotechnology%3B+establishment+of+the+Biotechnology+Science+Coordinating+Committee%3B+notice.&rft.au=U.S.+Office+of+Science+and+Technology+Policy&rft.aulast=U.S.+Office+of+Science+and+Technology+Policy&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1985-11-14&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=220&rft.spage=47174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1986-05-08 N1 - Date created - 1986-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Summary of Waterborne Illness Transmitted through Contaminated Groundwater AN - 18998173; 8604610 AB - The use of contaminated, untreated or inadequately treated groundwater was responsible for 51% of all waterborne outbreaks and 40% of all waterborne illness reported in the United States during 1971-82. Contaminated, untreated or inadequately disinfected groundwater caused 65% of the waterborne outbreaks and 66% of the waterborne illness which occurred in noncommunity and individual water systems but only 32% of the outbreaks and 31% of illness in community water systems. Illnesses most frequently transmitted through groundwater included acute gastroenteritis of undetermined etiology, chemical poisonings, hepatitis A, shigellosis, and viral gastroenteritis. Waterborne outbreaks in water systems using untreated well water were caused primarily by the overflow of seepage of sewage from septic tanks or cesspools, chemical contamination, and surface runoff contamination. An increase in the number of outbreaks resulting from the use of untreated, contaminated well water was noted during the summer months. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Environmental Health JEVHAH Vol. 48, No. 3, p 122-127, November/December 1985. 4 fig, 12 tab , 2 ref. AU - Graun, G F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH Y1 - 1985/11// PY - 1985 DA - Nov 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Water pollution effects KW - Human diseases KW - Drinking water KW - Water pollution sources KW - Viruses KW - Well water KW - Septic tanks KW - Disinfection KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Public health KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18998173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Summary+of+Waterborne+Illness+Transmitted+through+Contaminated+Groundwater&rft.au=Graun%2C+G+F&rft.aulast=Graun&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characteristics of Dysgonic, Heterotrophic Bacteria from Drinking Water AN - 18988408; 8605827 AB - The heterotrophic plate count has been used as an indicator of the effectiveness of water treatment and of the microbial quality of drinking water. The purpose of this study was to biochemically characterize representative, nonclassifiable, heterotrophic gram negative bacteria. However, it is difficult to get heterotrophic bacteria to grow on conventional media. Organisms were isolated on standard plate count agar (SPCA), then subcultured to R3A medium. These cultures were then inoculated to a modified O/F base medium with a lower incubation temperature (30 C). The results emphasize the variety of metabolic types of heterotrophic bacteria in drinking water. Identification of the organisms is very tedious and any potential risk posed by their presence is at this time unknown. (Adams-PTT) JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AEMIDF Vol. 50, No. 5, p 1213-1218, November 1985. 2 fig, 6 tab, 12 ref. AU - Spino, D F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1985/11// PY - 1985 DA - Nov 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Bacteria KW - Water distribution KW - Drinking water KW - Heterotrophic bacteria KW - Bioindicators KW - Culture media KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18988408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Characteristics+of+Dysgonic%2C+Heterotrophic+Bacteria+from+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Spino%2C+D+F&rft.aulast=Spino&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Separation of Metals in Wastewater Sludge by Centrifugal Classification AN - 18986760; 8606085 AB - The great bulk of municipal wastewater sludge is harmless or beneficial with toxic contaminants generally present in only trace amounts. There would be substantial benefit if these trace substances could be removed economically. In Lake Tahoe, California, it was discovered that a solid-bowl continuous decanter centrifuge with an internal helical conveyor for solids removal separated the sludge into two fractions. The primary constituent of the sludge was calcium carbonate, with lesser amounts of magnesium, phosphate, calcium hydroxyapatite, and organic solids. It was found that the calcium carbonate was concentrated in the solids in the cake, whereas the magnesium and phosphate compounds were concentrated in the solids in the centrate. Consequently, instead of just wasting a portion of the cake to bleed off impurities, the centrifuge was deliberately operated inefficiently, losing the undesirable phosphates and magnesium compounds in the centrate. The cake, which was enriched in calcium carbonate, was reburned to CaO and reused. The centrate solids were subsequently collected by a second centrifuge, using a polymer, and discarded. This procedure improved the economics of their process because the lime concentration in the reburned product was increased, calcium carbonate losses were lower, and lime makeup was reduced. The interesting results indicate that centrifugal classification might prove to be a useful and cost-effective method for removing harmful substances from sewage sludge. (David-PTT) JF - Environmental Progress ENVPDI Vol. 4., No. 4, p. 269-276, November, 1985, 6 fig, 8 tab, 9 ref. AU - Fronk, CA AU - Farrell, J B AU - Strachan, W AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1985/11// PY - 1985 DA - Nov 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Separation techniques KW - Sludge solids KW - Metals KW - Centrifugation KW - Sludge Cake KW - California KW - Lake Tahoe KW - Magnesium KW - Phosphate KW - Calcium hydroxyapatite KW - Organic compounds KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18986760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Separation+of+Metals+in+Wastewater+Sludge+by+Centrifugal+Classification&rft.au=Fronk%2C+CA%3BFarrell%2C+J+B%3BStrachan%2C+W&rft.aulast=Fronk&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1985-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of phorbol myristate acetate, phorbol dibutyrate, ethanol, dimethylsulfoxide, phenol, and seven metabolites of phenol on metabolic cooperation between Chinese hamster V79 lung fibroblasts. AN - 76722197; 3916985 AB - The effect of phorbol myristate acetate, phorbol dibutyrate, ethanol, dimethylsulfoxide, phenol, and seven metabolites of phenol on metabolic cooperation were assessed as a function of mutant cell recovery from populations of cocultivated hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase-deficient mutant (HGPRT-) and wild-type (HGPRT+) Chinese hamster V79 lung fibroblasts. Phorbol myristate acetate and phorbol dibutyrate, two established tumor promoters, were potent inhibitors of metabolic cooperation. Ethanol and dimethylsulfoxide, solvents commonly used to prepare chemicals for testing, weakly inhibited metabolic cooperation. Phenol and phenylglucuronide had no effect on metabolic cooperation. Four oxidative metabolites (1,4-benzoquinone, catechol, hydroxyquinol and quinol) inhibited metabolic cooperation. Phenylsulfate weakly inhibited metabolic cooperation. Conversely, 2-methoxyphenol, a methylated derivative of catechol, appeared to enhance metabolic cooperation. These results generally support the hypothesis that tumor promoters inhibit metabolic cooperation and illustrate the importance of considering metabolites when testing this hypothesis. The weak capacity of five metabolites of phenol to inhibit metabolic cooperation correlates with the weakness of phenol as a tumor promoter. Interpretation of these results is complicated because two metabolic cooperation-inhibiting metabolites (catechol and quinol) are nonpromoting when tested individually in the same assay where phenol shows promoting activity. Such metabolites may be incomplete (stage) promoters, and exposure to two or more may be required for a promoting effect. The significance of enhanced metabolic cooperation requires further investigation, particularly in relation to antipromoting effects. JF - Cell biology and toxicology AU - Malcolm, A R AU - Mills, L J AU - McKenna, E J AD - Biological Effects Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882. Y1 - 1985/10// PY - 1985 DA - October 1985 SP - 269 EP - 283 VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0742-2091, 0742-2091 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Phenols KW - Phenol KW - 339NCG44TV KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate KW - 37558-16-0 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide KW - YOW8V9698H KW - Index Medicus KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Cricetulus KW - Phenols -- pharmacology KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate -- pharmacology KW - Cricetinae KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Cell Communication -- drug effects KW - Lung -- cytology KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Fibroblasts -- cytology KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Fibroblasts -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76722197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+biology+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+phorbol+myristate+acetate%2C+phorbol+dibutyrate%2C+ethanol%2C+dimethylsulfoxide%2C+phenol%2C+and+seven+metabolites+of+phenol+on+metabolic+cooperation+between+Chinese+hamster+V79+lung+fibroblasts.&rft.au=Malcolm%2C+A+R%3BMills%2C+L+J%3BMcKenna%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Malcolm&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1985-10-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+biology+and+toxicology&rft.issn=07422091&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1990-02-07 N1 - Date created - 1990-02-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-17 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulating Cost and Quality in Water Distribution AN - 19013916; 8700501 AB - A spatial approach that disaggregates the water supply system into the components of acquisition-treatment and transmission-distribution, allows these components to be studied in isolation and in combination. Each of these components has different cost and physical functions and the cost and performance trade-offs between these functions can provide important insights into regionalization and cost-related issues. The Water Supply Simulation Model (WSSM) described here is a system of computer programs that allows for an evaluation of the physical and economic characteristics of a water distribution system in a spatial framework. The development of the model and its application to a case study situation is presented. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management (ASCE) JWRMD5 Vol. 111, No. 4, p 454-466, October 1985. 6 fig, 11 ref. AU - Clard, R M AU - Males, R M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1985/10// PY - 1985 DA - Oct 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water supply KW - Water supply development KW - Water distribution KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Water resources development KW - Cost analysis KW - Economic aspects KW - Model studies KW - SW 4030:Cost allocation, cost sharing, pricing KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19013916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Simulating+Cost+and+Quality+in+Water+Distribution&rft.au=Clard%2C+R+M%3BMales%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clard&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Personal Exposures, Indoor-Outdoor Relationships, and Breath levels of Toxic Air Pollutants Measured for 355 Persons in New Jersey AN - 19010097; 8700287 AB - EPA 's TEAM Study had measured exposures to 20 volatile organic compounds in personal air, outdoor air , drinking water and the breath of 355 persons in NJ, in the fall of 1981. The residents were selected by a probability sampling scheme to represent 128000 inhabitants of Elizabeth and Bayonne. Participants carried a personal monitor to collect two 12-h air samples and gave a breath sample at the end of the day. About 3000 samples were collected out of which 1000 were quality control. Eleven compounds were often present in air. Personal exposures were consistently higher than outdoor concentrations for these chemicals, and were sometimes ten times the outdoor concentrations. Breath concentrations also usually exceeded outdoor concentrations, and correlated more strongly with personal exposures than with outdoor concentrations. Some activities and exposures were associated with significantly more elevated exposures and breath levels for certain toxic chemicals. Drinking water was the main source for two trihalomethanes : chloroform and bromodichloromethane. The weighted arithmetic mean intake of chloroform was 70 micrograms through water and 90 micrograms through air. However, for 10 other prevalent chemicals, drinking water usually supplied less than 1% of the total daily intake. (Khumbatta-PTT) JF - Atmospheric Environment ATENBP Vol. 19, No. 10, p 1651-1661, October 1985. 1 fig, 12 tab, 28 ref. AU - Wallace, LA AU - Pellizzari, ED AU - Hartwell, T D AU - Sparacino, C M AU - Sheldon, L S AD - Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC Y1 - 1985/10// PY - 1985 DA - Oct 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Indoor-outdoor relationships KW - Drinking water KW - Path of pollutants KW - Air pollution KW - New Jersey KW - Toxics KW - Occupational exposure KW - Organic emissions KW - TEAM KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19010097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Personal+Exposures%2C+Indoor-Outdoor+Relationships%2C+and+Breath+levels+of+Toxic+Air+Pollutants+Measured+for+355+Persons+in+New+Jersey&rft.au=Wallace%2C+LA%3BPellizzari%2C+ED%3BHartwell%2C+T+D%3BSparacino%2C+C+M%3BSheldon%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1985-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protecting ground water from pesticides AN - 51295045; 1986-005607 JF - EPA Journal AU - Panasewich, Carol Y1 - 1985/09// PY - 1985 DA - September 1985 SP - 18 EP - 20 PB - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Public Awareness, Washington, DC VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 0145-1189, 0145-1189 KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51295045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Protecting+ground+water+from+pesticides&rft.au=Panasewich%2C+Carol&rft.aulast=Panasewich&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=1985-09-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=01451189&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1986-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; leaching; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protection of Public Water Supplies from Ground-Water Contamination AN - 19075836; 8912128 AB - The problem of groundwater protection is addressed in chapters discussing basic groundwater hydrology, classification of groundwater regions, groundwater-surface water relationships, groundwater pollution, management alternatives, and controlling volatile organic compounds in groundwater used for drinking. The development of subsurface water supplies has little effect on land use and can usually be accomplished at relatively low cost compared to the development of surface supplies. However, the subsurface environment is a complex system subject to contamination from a host of sources. The extremely slow movement of pollutants through this environment results in a longer residence time and little diffusion of many pollutants. Because of the protracted effects of contamination and problems of accessibility, the restoration of groundwater quality is difficult and expensive. It is widely agreed that the most viable approach to groundwater quality protection is one of prevention rather than cure. At the Federal level, the Safe Drinking Water Act, in particular, adds to the protection of groundwater. In addition to establishing minimum drinking water standards, regardless of the source, it addresses the protection of groundwater quality and provides for research, technical assistance, and personnel training. Protection of groundwater quality at the state level is gained from source control and from statutes dealing with surface water, which generally are based on public health concepts. Land use regulations also are used to protect groundwater quality by locating waste sources, such as lagoons and solid waste facilities, in selected areas in order to minimize the pollution potential. While statutory authority exists to regulate most contamination sources there is a need for additional controls at the local level. Suitable aquifer protection controls can be adopted under local planning and zoning laws which take into account land use, industrial development, health, housing and agriculture. (Lantz-PTT) JF - Center for Environment Research Information Technology Transfer Report EPA/625/4-85/016 September 1985. 182p, 184 fig, 26 tab, 129 ref. EPA Contract 68-03-3130. AU - Graham, L L AU - Heath, R C AU - Hinkle, L AU - Love, O T AU - McNabb, J F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Center for Environmental Research Information Y1 - 1985/09// PY - 1985 DA - Sep 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Water quality control KW - Water pollution prevention KW - Water supply KW - Drinking water KW - Groundwater quality KW - State jurisdiction KW - Federal jurisdiction KW - Local governments KW - Water supply development KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - Water quality standards KW - Decontamination KW - Public health KW - Waste disposal KW - Land use KW - Aquifer management KW - Surface-groundwater relations KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19075836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Protection+of+Public+Water+Supplies+from+Ground-Water+Contamination&rft.au=Graham%2C+L+L%3BHeath%2C+R+C%3BHinkle%2C+L%3BLove%2C+O+T%3BMcNabb%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1985-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Operation and Maintenance Manual for Electrostatic Precipitators AN - 19003193; 8604833 AB - All aspects of the operation and maintenance of electrostatic precipitators are presented. The basic theories and principles of electrostatic precipitation are outlined. Performance monitoring as a major element in an operation and maintenance program are discussed. Performance monitoring and other data in the evaluation of control system performance, in the discovery of real or impending problems, and in the diagnosis and correction of causes of poor performance are described. Guidelines for general operation and maintenance, and procedures that can be used to improve and sustain control equipment performance and reliability are presented. Methods and procedures for the detailed inspection of electrostatic precipitator systems and their components are detailed. Finally, the more important elements of an adequate operation and maintenance program are summarized. (Halterman - PTT) JF - Manual EPA/625/1-85/017 September 1985. 480 p, 93 fig, 17 tab, 32 ref, 5 append. Contract No. 68-02-3919. AU - Saunders, G L AU - Hawks, R L AU - Szabo, M F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1985/09// PY - 1985 DA - Sep 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Waste management KW - Sulfur KW - Waste disposal KW - Electrostatic precipitators KW - Solid waste disposal KW - Wastes KW - Air pollution KW - Industrial wastes KW - Fly ash KW - Environmental effects KW - Operation manual KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19003193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Operation+and+Maintenance+Manual+for+Electrostatic+Precipitators&rft.au=Saunders%2C+G+L%3BHawks%2C+R+L%3BSzabo%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Saunders&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminants in Fish from Great Lakes Harbors and Tributary Mouths AN - 18996129; 8601891 AB - Composite fish samples collected from Great Lakes harbors and tributaries between 1980 and 1981 were analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for a wide range of pesticides and priority pollutants. Severe polychlorobiphenyl (PCBs) contamination was observed in Sheboygan River fish with moderate to severe PCB contamination in samples from the Milwaukee, Kinnickinnic, Fox, and Ashtabula Rivers. The Ashtabula River samples also contained several chlorinated aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in fish from the Black, Kinnickinnic and Menominnee Rivers, while a number of benzene derivatives were observed in samples from the Fox and Wolf Rivers. (Author 's abstract) JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Vol. 14, No. 5, p 587-594, September, 1985. 4 Tab, 16 Ref. AU - DeVault, D S AD - Environmental Protection Agency Chicago, IL. Great Lakes National Program Office Y1 - 1985/09// PY - 1985 DA - Sep 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Great Lakes KW - Pesticides KW - Priority pollutants KW - Fish KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Aliphatic compounds KW - Benzene compounds KW - Rivers KW - Tributaries KW - Harbors KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18996129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Contaminants+in+Fish+from+Great+Lakes+Harbors+and+Tributary+Mouths&rft.au=DeVault%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=DeVault&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging Technology AN - 18988691; 8604839 AB - Processes for thermal conversion of municipal sludge are discussed. Gasification, liquification, wet oxidation and combustion are emphasized. Specific topics covered include operating parameters, development status, fuel ash content, air pollution emissions, conversion of sludge solids to fuel oil, conversion of sludge to oil by hydroliquefaction, energy considerations, starved-air combustion, and pyrolysis. Case studies in the United States, Germany, and Japan are presented. (See also W86-04835) (Halterman - PTT) JF - Municipal Wastewater Sludge Combustion Technology Seminar Publication EPA/625/4-85/015, September 1985. p 134-177, 17 fig, 7 tab. AU - Bastian, R K AU - Spooner, C AU - Chase, D C AU - Chase, H T AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of the Assistant Administrator for Water Y1 - 1985/09// PY - 1985 DA - Sep 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sludge disposal KW - Sludge combustion KW - Waste disposal KW - Incineration KW - Waste treatment KW - Waste management KW - Wastewater management KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Solid waste disposal KW - Liquification KW - Gasification KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18988691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Emerging+Technology&rft.au=Bastian%2C+R+K%3BSpooner%2C+C%3BChase%2C+D+C%3BChase%2C+H+T&rft.aulast=Bastian&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chesapeake Challenge: Restoration and Protection AN - 19026320; 8706273 AB - The environmental degradation of Chesapeake Bay is described and efforts to restore and protect the Bay are summarized. Scientific studies have confirmed that the Bay 's valued living resources have declined due to water and sediment pollution. Increased nutrient loadings from point sources such as sewage treatment plants and nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff have caused nutrient enrichment problems in many areas of the Bay. High toxic loadings from point sources such as industrial facilities and nonpoint sources such as urban runoff have resulted in sediment toxic contamination in urbanized areas of the Bay. To address these problems, the federal government and the states of Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia have agreed to support a regional cooperative approach toward Bay management. Accordingly, these jurisdictions have established a regional management structure and have developed implementation plans and programs to improve and protect the water quality and living resources of the Chesapeake Bay. (See also W87-06270) (Author 's abstract) JF - Options for Reaching Water Quality Goals, Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the American Water Resources Association Symposium, Washington, DC. August 15, 1984. 1985. p 31-39, 6 fig, 4 ref. AU - Tippie, V K AD - Environmental Protection Agency Annapolis, MD. Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office Y1 - 1985/08// PY - 1985 DA - Aug 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water quality control KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Water pollutioon control KW - Path of pollutants KW - Water pollution sources KW - Nutrients KW - Wastewater KW - Sediment contamination KW - Bays KW - Nonpoint source pollution KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19026320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Chesapeake+Challenge%3A+Restoration+and+Protection&rft.au=Tippie%2C+V+K&rft.aulast=Tippie&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1985-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Illinois ' Process to Identify, Screen and Prioritize Rural Water Resource and Lake Rehabilitation Projects AN - 19016764; 8706282 AB - Initial water quality management planning efforts within Illinois documented that the most severe agriculturally related problem was soil erosion resulting in lake sedimentation. Within the State a uniform process to identify, screen, and prioritize rural water resources and lake rehabilitation projects was developed to target available financial and technical resources. The process provides a uniform and systematic method for local Soil and Water Conservation Districts, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service County Committees and other local units of government to identify and compete for funding under PL 83-556 and Agricultural Conservation Program. Designed to set meaningful State priorities, the system provides equal access for each project to all the available program authorities and gives the local county responsibility for identifying and prioritizing its projects. The process has been successful to date. (See also W87-06270) (Author 's abstract) JF - Options for Reaching Water Quality Goals, Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the American Water Resources Association Symposium, Washington, DC. August 15, 1984. 1985. p 121-127, 4 fig, 2 tab. AU - Davenport, TE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Chicago, IL. Region V Y1 - 1985/08// PY - 1985 DA - Aug 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Illinois KW - Water pollution sources KW - Lakes KW - Lake rehabilitation KW - Water quality control KW - Management planning KW - Rural areas KW - Soil erosion KW - Sedimentation KW - Monitoring KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19016764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Illinois+%27+Process+to+Identify%2C+Screen+and+Prioritize+Rural+Water+Resource+and+Lake+Rehabilitation+Projects&rft.au=Davenport%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1985-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Integrated Surface and Ground Water Management in Illinois AN - 19014930; 8706291 AB - The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency carried out a multi-year effort to study the integration of surface and groundwater management. Five studies in this national prototype project under Section 208 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act were funded at the Illinois State Water Survey, the Illinois State Geological Survey and in-house to understand better the technical aspects of surface and groundwater interrelationships. These studies developed: (1) information on the discharge of groundwater from facilities with NPDES permits; (2) maps of groundwater quality and a study relating the mapped data to surface water quality for the Mackinaw River Basin; (3) information relating oil field brine and surface water quality; (4) a detailed survey of information related to surface and groundwater management in the Sangamon River Basin; and (5) state-wide maps of aquifer susceptibility to contamination. An additional study involved an institutional assessment of groundwater management. Information developed in the technical studies provided a basis for including measures relating surface and groundwater management in the proposed groundwater strategy for Illinois. Specific measures developed in the proposed strategy include delineation of critical recharge areas and imminent return-flow areas. (See also W87-06270) (Author 's abstract) JF - Options for Reaching Water Quality Goals, Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the American Water Resources Association Symposium, Washington, DC. August 15, 1984. 1985. p 193-199, 7 fig, 8 ref. AU - Crandall, DA AD - Illinois State Environmental Protection Agency Springfield. Div. of Land Pollution Control Y1 - 1985/08// PY - 1985 DA - Aug 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water quality control KW - Illinois KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Water pollution control KW - Surface-groundwater relations KW - Surface water KW - Water quality management KW - Groundwater quality KW - SW 2040:Groundwater management KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19014930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Development+of+Integrated+Surface+and+Ground+Water+Management+in+Illinois&rft.au=Crandall%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Crandall&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1985-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - State Water Resources Research Institute Program: Ground Water Research AN - 19011620; 8706852 AB - The State Water Resources Research Program in groundwater contamination research is reviewed to assess the progress made toward understanding the mechanisms of groundwater contamination and based on this understanding, to suggest procedures for the prevention and control of groundwater contamination. The following research areas are covered: (1) mechanisms of organic contaminant transport in the subsurface environment; (2) bacterial and viral contamination of groundwater from landfills and septic tank systems; (3) fate and persistence of pesticides in the subsurface; (4) leachability and transport of groundwater pollutants from coal production and utilization; and (5) pollution of groundwater from mineral mining activities. Discussed are the following chemical constituents in groundwater: nitrate-nitrogen, total coliforms, radioisotopes, barium, and the organic compounds, TCE, PCP, and 3-3 ' - dichlorobenzidine (DCB). Concentrations of nitrate-nitrogen and total coliform exceeding the EPA acceptable limits for drinking water were found in the Galena Formation in the karst area of southern Minnesota; data showed that the deeper aquifer in this formation was affected by surface runoff. Geochemical mechanisms were examined to explain the concentrations of 226-Ra, 228-Ra, and Ba(2+) in groundwater. Other research examined the degree to which TCE, PCP, and DCB adsorbed to soil and, as a result, the ability of each constituent to migrate through the soil to groundwater. Results suggested that TCE would migrate more readily through the soil than PCP. In terms of sources of pollution, groundwater contamination from waste treatment facilities can be minimized through proper siting, operation, and monitoring. In energy development, research showed that consideration should be given to the placement of overburden from surface-mining operations to prevent contamination of groundwater. (See W87-06850) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Groundwater Contamination and Reclamation, Proceedings of a Symposium held in Tucson, Arizona August 14-15, 1985. American Water Resources Association, Bethesda, Maryland. 1985. p 13-17, 12 ref. AU - Burton, J S AD - Geological Survey Reston, VA. Office of Water Data Coordination Y1 - 1985/08// PY - 1985 DA - Aug 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater quality KW - Path of pollutants KW - Water pollution effects KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Septic tanks KW - Pesticides KW - Leachates KW - Nitrates KW - Coliforms KW - Organic compounds KW - Karst KW - Minnesota KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19011620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=State+Water+Resources+Research+Institute+Program%3A+Ground+Water+Research&rft.au=Burton%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ohio 's Soil and Water Conservation Districts (SWCDs): Can They Fulfill Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Responsibilities AN - 19006908; 8706277 AB - Soil and Water Conservation Districts (SWCDs) are empowered under Section 1515 of the Ohio Revised Code to conduct surveys of soil erosion and sediment; undertake improvements; develop erosion control plans; make rules; and enter agreements with landowners for soil conservation and with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources for agricultural pollution and urban sediment abatement. Because of these powers and the increasing emphasis on nonpoint source pollution control, SWCDs are responsible for implementing portions of Ohio 's Water Quality Management (WQM) Plan. Several SWCDs have undertaken federal and state demonstration programs which emphasize water quality/soil conservation measures. However, efforts relied on substantial financial and technical help from federal and state agencies as nearly 15% lack full-time technical staff and only 58% have local appropriations or contributions in excess of $25,000. The SWCDs ' ability to carry out Ohio 's WQM Plan responsibilities are described, their existing resources and approaches to agricultural and urban sediment pollution abatement are assessed , and necessary actions to improve their role in nonpoint source pollution control are identified. (See W87-06270) (Author 's abstract) JF - Options for Reaching Water Quality Goals, Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the American Water Resources Association Symposium, Washington, DC. August 15, 1984. 1985. p 77-87, 3 tab, 5 ref. AU - Mack, J AU - Wager, J AD - Ohio State Environmental Protection Agency Columbus. Office of the Planning Coordinator Y1 - 1985/08// PY - 1985 DA - Aug 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Conservation districts KW - Water quality control KW - Management planning KW - Ohio KW - Soil erosion KW - Water pollution control KW - Water conservation KW - Soil conservation KW - Nonpoint pollution sources KW - Water management KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19006908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Ohio+%27s+Soil+and+Water+Conservation+Districts+%28SWCDs%29%3A+Can+They+Fulfill+Nonpoint+Source+Pollution+Control+Responsibilities&rft.au=Mack%2C+J%3BWager%2C+J&rft.aulast=Mack&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous Waste Cleanup: The Preliminaries AN - 18993941; 8601738 AB - An EPA suit filed in 1979 named four Hooker dump sites that were polluting the Niagara River. The parties involved agreed to negotiate remedial programs for each of the four sites in turn. S-Area, second on the list, may serve as a model for other negotiated settlements. It provides for a flexible plan, open to consideration of alternate technologies that may be developed in the future. It contains a phased approach to both defining and evaluating existing problems, then suggesting remedies. It requires monitoring for at least 35 years or until no danger remains. S-Area is an eight acre landfill built in 1947 on partially reclaimed land beside the river. Wastes were dumped into open trenches 18 ft deep even though groundwater was struck at 4 ft. The remedial plan set forth in the approved settlement agreement begins with a surveys-and-studies program similar to those outlined for Superfund sites. Flexibility, extensive use of computer models, and extensive monitoring programs for hydraulics, tracer and other chemicals will assure the remedial plan 's effectiveness. An important technical remedy proposed for S-Area is the upward hydraulic gradient concept, innovative and as yet untried. (Baker-IVI) JF - Civil Engineering Vol. 55, No. 8, p 40-43, August, 1985. 5 Fig. AU - Amos, K AD - Environmental Protection Agency New York. Region II Y1 - 1985/08// PY - 1985 DA - Aug 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution control KW - Cleanup operations KW - Landfills KW - Waste disposal KW - Niagara River KW - Hazardous substances KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Monitoring KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18993941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Hazardous+Waste+Cleanup%3A+The+Preliminaries&rft.au=Amos%2C+K&rft.aulast=Amos&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1985-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New Requirements for Underground Storage Tanks AN - 19016916; 8702447 AB - The Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984 became Law on November 8, 1984 and, in addition to reauthorizing and making numerous changes to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), a New Subtitle I was added that requires the EPA to establish a comprehensive program for the regulation of underground storage tanks. Subtitle I addresses underground storage in tanks of all substances regulated under ' Superfund ' (except for hazardous waste storage tanks which are already regulated under Subtitle C of RCRA), as well as petroleum products. It is estimated that over two million underground tanks are subject to regulation under the new program. Congress enacted the legislation for regulating underground storage tanks due to the increasing number and severity of environmental contamination incidents that have been discovered as a result of leaking underground tanks. There is growing evidence that leaking tanks are becoming a major cause of groundwater contamination. The major provisions of Subtitle I include notification by owners of underground tanks to designated State or local agencies, an interim prohibition on installing unprotected new tanks, the development of technical standards for new and existing underground tanks, and tough new enforcement authorities to compel compliance with the new regulatory requirements. Subtitle I also allows EPA to promulgate financial responsibility regulations for taking correction action (cleanup) and compensating third parties for bodily injury and property damage caused by leaks from tanks. In addition, EPA is required to authorize State programs regulating underground storage tanks in lieu of the Federal program provided that the State 's program is as comprehensive, stringent, and provides for adequate enforcement. (See also W87-02437) (Author 's abstract) JF - The Second Annual Eastern Regional Ground Water Conference July 16-18, 1985, Portland, Maine. 1985. p 145-156, 2 tab, 8 ref. AU - Kotas, G F AU - Garrahan, K G AU - Buonocore, A O AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1985/07// PY - 1985 DA - Jul 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Legislation KW - Storage tanks KW - Underground storage KW - Regulations KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Water pollution sources KW - Path of pollutants KW - Water quality control KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19016916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=New+Requirements+for+Underground+Storage+Tanks&rft.au=Kotas%2C+G+F%3BGarrahan%2C+K+G%3BBuonocore%2C+A+O&rft.aulast=Kotas&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of Azo Dyes by the Activated Sludge Process AN - 19056727; 8802215 AB - The Water Engineering Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA is conducting research designed to develop techniques for predicting the fate of azo dyes in typical wastewater treatment systems which are treating wastewater contaminated with azo dyes. These techniques are being developed for EPA Office of Toxic Substance 's use in the Premanufacture Notification review process under section 5 of the Toxic Substances Control Act and potentially in the regulation of hazardous chemical substances and mixtures under TSCA Section 6. A part of this research involves pilot plant investigations on the removal of azo dyes by the activated sludge process. Generally, azo dyes contain between one and four azo linkages (-N=N-), linking phenyl and naphthyl radicals that are usually substituted with some combination of functional groups including: amino (-NH2), chloro (-Cl), hydroxy (-OH), methyl (-CH3), nitro (-NO2) and sulfonic acid, sodium salt (-SO3Na). Azo dyes are of concern to OTS because some of the dyes, dye precursors or their degradation products such as aromatic amines, which are also dye precursors, have been shown to be, or are suspected to be, carcinogenic. Therefore, the principle objective of this research project is to determine the fate of the dye compounds in the activated sludge treatment process. The results from this research are needed by OTS to aid in predicting the degree to which new azo dyes and/or their degradation products pass through the activated sludge process. This report presents background information and results to date (5/85) for this ongoing project which is being performed at the EPA 's Test and Evaluation Facility in Cincinnati, Ohio. (See also W88-02132) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the 40th Industrial Waste Conference, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana May 14-15, 1985. Butterworths, Boston, MA. 1985. p 847-854, 2 fig, 4 tab, 15 ref. AU - Shaul, G M AU - Dempsey, C R AU - Dostal, KA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Water Engineering Research Lab Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Azo dyes KW - Activated sludge KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Dyes KW - Sludge KW - Nitrogen KW - Sodium KW - Sulfur KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Amines KW - Organic compounds KW - Biological treatment KW - Chemical analysis KW - Biodegradation KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19056727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Removal+of+Azo+Dyes+by+the+Activated+Sludge+Process&rft.au=Shaul%2C+G+M%3BDempsey%2C+C+R%3BDostal%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Shaul&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Watershed Water Quality Programs: Lessons Learned in Illinois AN - 19041073; 8801130 AB - Several nonpoint source control projects - Sec. 108 Great Lakes Demonstration Projects, Clean Lakes Projects, Sec. 314 Agricultural Conservation Program Projects, and Rural Clean Water Projects - have been implemented in watersheds critical for agricultural pollution. Evaluation of these ongoing nonpoint source control projects is necessary for facilitating future NPS programs. In Illinois, two major watershed nonpoint source evaluation projects exist. Recommendations on project selection, development, and implementation are discussed based on evaluation of these projects. Some of these recommendations are: (1) Require documentation of the nature and extent of the water resource impairment. Special physical characteristics that could preclude achieving water quality goals (whether documented or perceived) must be recognized; (2) The type of water quality problem determines critical area delineation; (3) The program must be able to correct the identified water quality problem; (4) The information and education program must precede the technical assistance and cost-sharing components; and (5) The use of interagency coordinating committees at the local, State and Federal levels in RCWP projects has proven to be effective in providing leadership and management for water quality projects. (See also W88-01083) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Perspectives on Nonpoint Source Pollution, Proceedings of a National Conference, Kansas City MO. May 19-22, 1985. Environmental Protection Agency, 1985. p 256-258, 1 fig, 2 tab, 6 ref. AU - Davenport, T AU - Lowrey, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Chicago, IL. Region V Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Watersheds KW - Water quality management KW - Water quality programs KW - Water pollution control KW - Illinois KW - Nonpoint pollution sources KW - Agricultural runoff KW - Costs KW - Funding KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19041073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Watershed+Water+Quality+Programs%3A+Lessons+Learned+in+Illinois&rft.au=Davenport%2C+T%3BLowrey%2C+J&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case Studies Involving the Treatment of Hazardous Substances Under the Superfund Remedial Action Program AN - 19037783; 8800995 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated the Superfund Program upon the passage of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA). The Superfund Program operates under the guideline of the National Contingency Plan (NCP). The NCP was published on July 16, 1982 and expanded to provide new Federal authority to respond to the problems at abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous waste disposal sites. The NCP outlines three categories of response actions: immediate removals, planned removals, and remedial response actions. Remedial response actions are intended to achieve solutions consistent with permanent remedy at uncontrolled hazardous waste disposal sites. The NCP identifies three types of remedial response actions which are based upon the complexity, immediacy, and extent of the hazards: (1) initial remedial measures, (2) source-control, and (3) off-site remedial actions. Initial remedial measures are appropriate when the actions to be taken are limited in nature and require a minimum of planning. The source-control and off-site remedial actions are more complex and require more extensive engineering evaluation to select the most cost-effective solutions. An initial remedial measure is being implemented at the Bridgeport Rental and Oil Services site in New Jersey which involves the treatment and disposal of the aqueous phase of an 11.8-acre lagoon. Source-control remedial action is being implemented at the Sylvester site in New Hampshire in two phases. The first phase involved the installation of a slurry wall and cap. The second phase will include the extraction and treatment of highly contaminated groundwater within the containment system. The planning activities and engineering studies leading up to the selection of the treatment systems at these two sites are discussed. (See also W88-00963) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the 39th Industrial Waste Conference May 8-10, 1984, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. Butterworth Publishers, Boston. 1985. p 313-320, 2 fig, 2 tab, 3 ref. AU - Kaschak, WM AU - Spatarella, J J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Remedial Response Control Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Waste disposal KW - Water pollution treatment KW - Case studies KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Superfund KW - Cleanup operations KW - Regulations KW - Legislation KW - Costs KW - Disposal sites KW - Water quality control KW - New Hampshire KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19037783?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Case+Studies+Involving+the+Treatment+of+Hazardous+Substances+Under+the+Superfund+Remedial+Action+Program&rft.au=Kaschak%2C+WM%3BSpatarella%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Kaschak&rft.aufirst=WM&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water Quality Data and Urban Nonpoint Source Pollution: The Nationwide Urban Runoff Program AN - 19034654; 8801169 AB - Prior to 1960, concerns about urban stormwater were related primarily to flooding and drainage problems. More recent studies have focused on characterizing and quantifying pollutants in stormwater or developing methodologies for reducing loads. While such research contributes to understanding urban nonpoint source runoff, it does little to illuminate the cause/effect relationship between stormwater and associated water quality of the receiving water. Water quality planners need information to guide their stormwater management decisions to help them determine: (1) if there is a problem; (2) the significance of the problem; and (3) whether they need to do anything about it. Lack of good data and appropriate methodologies have often been cited as the reason it is difficult to relate stormwater runoff to the water quality of the receiving waters. The Nationwide Urban Runoff Program (NURP) sponsored by EPA is described, which was undertaken to respond to these needs by providing support, data, and methodologies for urban nonpoint source problem assessment and water quality planning. (See also W88-01083) (Author 's abstract) JF - Perspectives on Nonpoint Source Pollution, Proceedings of a National Conference, Kansas City MO. May 19-22, 1985. Environmental Protection Agency, 1985. p 437-441, 2 fig, 4 ref. AU - Niedzialkowski, D AU - Athayde, D AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water quality KW - Data collections KW - Nonpoint pollution sources KW - Urban runoff KW - Water quality management KW - Water quality control KW - Urban areas KW - Management planning KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19034654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Water+Quality+Data+and+Urban+Nonpoint+Source+Pollution%3A+The+Nationwide+Urban+Runoff+Program&rft.au=Niedzialkowski%2C+D%3BAthayde%2C+D&rft.aulast=Niedzialkowski&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing Point/Nonpoint Source Tradeoff in the Holston River Near Kingsport, Tennessee AN - 19031907; 8801164 AB - The Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is studying a variety of innovative approaches for controlling water pollution from point and nonpoint sources. Among them is the trading of effluent loads of water pollutants. This approach differs from current EPA water policy in that the State or regional authority responsible for issuing discharge permits for pollutants under the Clean Water Act may modify those limits if two or more dischargers propose a reallocation, or a trade. The reallocation allows dischargers with lower treatment costs to control more pollution and those with higher costs to control less. Thus, the dischargers comply with the same total load limit and achieve in-stream water quality standards at a total lower cost. EPA 's Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation and the Tennessee Valley Authority 's Office of Natural Resources and Economic Development initiated this study of trading among point and nonpoint sources of pollution along a 32-km (20-mile) reach of the Holston River. Dissolved oxygen (DO) was selected as the variable of interest and several means to enhance DO in the river were examined: further restrictions of the discharges of oxygen-demanding wastes (for example, five day BOD, varying flow regimes, injecting air into the stream, and trading between point and nonpoint sources.) With these various treatments available, the study evolved into a question of cost-effectiveness: for a given stretch of waterway with specified upstream and downstream boundaries, what mix of point and nonpoint sources and sinks of oxygen will achieve desired DO concentrations at key times and places at the lowest total annual (incremental) cost. (See also W88-01083) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Perspectives on Nonpoint Source Pollution, Proceedings of a National Conference, Kansas City MO. May 19-22, 1985. Environmental Protection Agency, 1985. p 417-424, 7 fig, 4 tab, 3 ref. AU - Podar, M K AU - Jaksch, JA AU - Sessions, S L AU - Crossman, J C AU - Ruane, R J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water quality control KW - Holston River KW - Kingsport KW - Water pollution control KW - Tennessee KW - Nonpoint pollution sources KW - Economic aspects KW - Biological oxygen demand KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Cost analysis KW - Water quality management KW - Costs KW - SW 4030:Cost allocation, cost sharing, pricing KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19031907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Optimizing+Point%2FNonpoint+Source+Tradeoff+in+the+Holston+River+Near+Kingsport%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Podar%2C+M+K%3BJaksch%2C+JA%3BSessions%2C+S+L%3BCrossman%2C+J+C%3BRuane%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Podar&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bridging the Gap Between Water Quality and Nonpoint Source Activities: A Continuum of Institutional Arrangements AN - 19026958; 8801097 AB - Successful nonpoint source control implementation requires devising institutional/legal arrangements to draw formally the various interests and agencies responsible for Best Management Practices (BMP's) into the water quality management process; yet , at the same time, formalize the role of the State Water Quality Management (WQM) agencies. EPA and the New England States have established an array of mechanisms by which State WQM agencies formally involve the State forester, timber industry, construction industry, and agricultural interests in activities ranging from technical assistance on BMP certification and plan review to limited inspection. Corresponding mechanisms for backup enforcement by the State WQM agency, Attorney General, and EPA vary. This presentation outlines and evaluates the experience with these mechanisms over the past 5 years, suggesting improvements, refinements, or new mechanisms for the future. The evaluation covers a continuum of measures from the voluntary to backup enforcement, and from private to public responsibilities. (See also W88-01083) (Author 's abstract) JF - Perspectives on Nonpoint Source Pollution, Proceedings of a National Conference, Kansas City MO. May 19-22, 1985. Environmental Protection Agency, 1985. p 79-84, 1 fig, 12 ref. AU - Hague, B AD - Environmental Protection Agency Boston, MA Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Nonpoint pollution sources KW - Water quality control KW - Institutions KW - Water quality management KW - State jurisdiction KW - Interagency cooperation KW - Management planning KW - New England KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19026958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Bridging+the+Gap+Between+Water+Quality+and+Nonpoint+Source+Activities%3A+A+Continuum+of+Institutional+Arrangements&rft.au=Hague%2C+B&rft.aulast=Hague&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RCRA Permit Protocol for a Corrective Action Program AN - 19020179; 8702499 AB - Since 1981, most land disposal facilities have been required to monitor groundwater on-site under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations. Analyses of the accumulated water quality data indicate that many facilities are degrading groundwater because of a failure to contain the wastes. When such facilities receive a RCRA permit, in most cases, they will be required to conduct a corrective action program to renovate the groundwater quality. In addition, the 1984 amendments to RCRA require a permit applicant to perform corrective action if any solid waste management units on-site are leaking, regardless of when the waste was placed in the unit. These units include old, unregulated, closed lagoons and landfills which, in our experience, have caused the greatest damage to groundwater quality. The corrective action plan must include a groundwater monitoring program which is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of corrective action. In most cases this will be incorporating the existing wells at the point of compliance and additional wells beyond that perimeter in and near the zone of contaminated groundwater. The permittee must report, in writing to EPA, a confirmation that the corrective action plan is functioning as designed. When the groundwater has been renovated so that the permit concentration levels at the point of compliance have not been exceeded for a period of three consecutive years, the permittee may terminate corrective action measures. In most cases, the RCRA permit should also include compliance monitoring conditions so that the end of corrective action will not require a permit modification. Presently EPA is reviewing proposed corrective action plans in RCRA permit applications. (See also W87-02497) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the Fifth National Symposium and Exposition on Aquifer Restoration and Ground Water Monitoring May 21-24, 1985, The Fawcett Center, Columbus, Ohio. 1985. p 38-42. AU - Steimle, R AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - Water quality control KW - Protocol KW - Monitoring KW - Groundwater quality KW - Wastewater lagoons KW - Landfills KW - Leaching KW - Wells KW - Water pollution treatment KW - Aquifers KW - Permits KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19020179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=RCRA+Permit+Protocol+for+a+Corrective+Action+Program&rft.au=Steimle%2C+R&rft.aulast=Steimle&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assistance for RCRA Permit Applicants AN - 19013426; 8702498 AB - Preparation of a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Part B permit application is a time consuming, resource intensive, and sometimes frustrating experience. In addition, facilities will face new requirements as a result of the passage of the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984. Delays in the processing and issuance of RCRA permits are most often caused by incomplete applications, largely due to a lack of understanding by the applicant of what is required. For units subject to groundwater monitoring, the principal deficiency is the lack of adequate data to satisfy the additional information requirements of 40 CFR 270.14 (c), regarding groundwater protection. Facilities consistently fail to provide adequate information relating to aquifer characteristics, groundwater contamination, and the proposed monitoring program. To assist in the preparation of Part B permit applications, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), has published guidance documents which describe the level of detail necessary in a permit application. The guidelines provide insight into identification of the uppermost aquifer, determining points of compliance and well locations, describing groundwater contamination, selection of the appropriate monitoring program, and other requirements. Information regarding specific facility standards, such as contingency and waste analysis plans, is also available. Regional EPA technical staff are prepared to assist applicants in use of these documents, and in developing their Part B application. Use of appropriate guidelines, and regular communications with Federal and State permit staff, can improve the quality of the application and alleviate much of the confusion associated with the permitting process. (See also W87-02497) (Author 's abstract) JF - Proceedings of the Fifth National Symposium and Exposition on Aquifer Restoration and Ground Water Monitoring May 21-24, 1985, The Fawcett Center, Columbus, Ohio. 1985. p 15-24, 2 tab, 6 ref. AU - Traub, R AD - Environmental Protection Agency Chicago, IL. Region V Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Permits KW - Groundwater protection KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - Legal aspects KW - Groundwater quality KW - Water quality control KW - Path of pollutants KW - Monitoring KW - Wells KW - Aquifers KW - Groundwater pollution KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19013426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assistance+for+RCRA+Permit+Applicants&rft.au=Traub%2C+R&rft.aulast=Traub&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory Development of the Interim and Revised Regulations for Radioactivity in Drinking Water - Past and Present Issues and Problems AN - 19010841; 8700411 AB - Developing the Revised Regulations of Radioactivity in Drinking Water under the Safe Drinking Water Act requires more information from related fields and disciplines. As one step in the regulatory process, the background and history of that process as it applies to radioactivity in drinking water is described. The issues involved in developing the revised regulations are as follows: monitoring all sources of exposure, dose evaluation, health effects, engineering, economics and general policy development. (Author 's abstract) JF - Health Physics Vol. 48, No. 5, p 535-551, May 1985. 6 fig, 2 tab, 23 ref. AU - Lappenbusch, W L AU - Cothern, C R AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Regulations KW - Radioactivity KW - Drinking water KW - Isotope studies KW - Human physiology KW - Maximum contaminant level KW - Radioactivity effects KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19010841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Regulatory+Development+of+the+Interim+and+Revised+Regulations+for+Radioactivity+in+Drinking+Water+-+Past+and+Present+Issues+and+Problems&rft.au=Lappenbusch%2C+W+L%3BCothern%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Lappenbusch&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiological Quality of Recreational Waters in the Pacific Northwest AN - 18999989; 8600840 AB - A 5-yr study of total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), Escherichia coli, fecal streptococci (FS), enterococci, and water quality indicators at eight freshwater and two marine beaches in the Pacific Northwest (USA) revealed large variations in bacterial count and water quality. Two grab samples, one for bacteria and one for water analysis, were obtained at each of the sites, which were in or near the cities of Seattle, Spokane, and Clarkston, Washington, Eugene, Oregon, and Lewiston, Idaho. Most locations were city, county, or state parks with records of heavy bather use for at least a 4-mo summer season, and more than half of the sites were located downstream or close to wastewater treatment plant outfalls. Beaches with the highest TC and 20 C plate count (PC) organism levels were both surrounded by large residential communities subject to urban runoff. The marine beaches at Alki and Gold Gardens were relatively low in TC and PC microorganisms. In most instances FS densities determined by the KF procedure were higher than enterococci recovered by the mE procedure. Beaches with high mean values of enterococci did not always have correspondingly high mean FC values and, conversely, beaches with high FC averages did not always have a high enterococci average. Water quality criteria for Northwest recreational waters should include guidelines based on both microbial densities and an assessment of human health risks associated with the potential for disease transmission. Marine recreational waters may share the same degree of microbiological pollution as freshwater, but the potential for contact illness among swimmers is less because of lower seasonal water temperature. With the exception of water temperatures, all physical and chemical measurements made during this study were similar, regardless of location or season. The lack of variability in these measurements precludes their use in future monitoring studies. (Rochester-IVI) JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation Vol. 57, No. 5, p 366-377, May, 1985. 1 Fig, 5 Tab, 34 Ref. AU - Vasconcelos, G J AU - Anthony, N C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Seattle, WA. Region X Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water quality KW - Recreational waters KW - Bacteria KW - Washington KW - Oregon KW - Idaho KW - Marine environment KW - Water pollution sources KW - Coliforms KW - Bioindicators KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18999989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Microbiological+Quality+of+Recreational+Waters+in+the+Pacific+Northwest&rft.au=Vasconcelos%2C+G+J%3BAnthony%2C+N+C&rft.aulast=Vasconcelos&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-Home Treatment Methods for Removing Volatile Organic Chemicals AN - 18992383; 8600010 AB - The effectiveness of six in-home treatment methods for removing volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) from drinking water was investigated. At least two methods appeared excellent for temporary use in emergency situations. Boiling and electric mixing afforded about 100% removal of the test compounds (chloroform, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, bromoform, tetrachloroethylene, t-butyl methyl ether, benzene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, and m-dichlorobenzene) using ordinary kitchen appliances, in phase 1. Phase 1 of the testing involved six methods - boiling, electric mixing, open standing, aeration, pouring and faucet aeration. The first four methods were reexamined in phase 2, during which VOC loss over time was monitored. Loss of VOCs by boiling was found to be variable. This variability was likely due to the lower heating efficiency of the household stove which made it difficult to determine the start of boiling. The estimated cost per month of treating water by boiling for a family of four would be about $4.70. Electric mixing provided excellent removal of VOCs in phases 1 and 2. The estimated cost to a household was about $0.30 per month using this method. A third method, open standing, provided reasonable removal without any significant compound bias. However, the length of treatment required, 48-72 hr, is excessive. Aeration was less effective and very compound dependent. While the risk of inhaling volatile organic chemicals evolved from water is basically unknown, it may be of a similar magnitude to that of ingesting water containing such chemicals, if very large volumes are being treated. This risk is also involved in such activities as cooking, showering, bathing, and using humidifiers and vaporizers. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association Vol. 77, No. 5, p 72-78, May, 1985. 6 Fig, 13 Tab, 13 Ref. AU - Sorrell, R K AU - Daly, E M AU - Weisner, MJ AU - Brass, HJ AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1985/05// PY - 1985 DA - May 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Volatile compounds KW - Organic compounds KW - Drinking water KW - Water treatment KW - Boiling KW - Electric mixing KW - Aeration KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18992383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=In-Home+Treatment+Methods+for+Removing+Volatile+Organic+Chemicals&rft.au=Sorrell%2C+R+K%3BDaly%2C+E+M%3BWeisner%2C+MJ%3BBrass%2C+HJ&rft.aulast=Sorrell&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clean Water Act Update: A New Role for Toxicology AN - 19272468; 8810994 AB - Implementation of the Clear Water Act started with development of water pollution controls using the tools of engineering and mathematical modeling. As implementation of the act has evolved, however the importance of toxic pollutants and the need for new and different toxicological methods, to analyze toxic pollution and set cost-effective toxic effluent controls has been recognized. To deal with this new challenge, an approach for regulating toxic effluents is being put together. There has been little experience in using toxicological methods and tests for regulating effluents, yet a new regulatory approach is needed. The help of the scientific community of toxicologists, is needed now to develop toxicological tools that can be used in the cost-effective analysis and control of toxic water pollution. (See also W88-10991) (Author 's abstract) JF - Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Eighth Symposium. A Symposium Sponsored by ASTM Committee E-47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate, Fort Mitchell, Kentucky April 15-17, 1984. American Society of Testing Materials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Special Technical Publication 891, 1985. p 29-34, 3 ref. AU - Wise, P L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Analysis and Evaluation Y1 - 1985/04// PY - 1985 DA - Apr 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Clean Water Act KW - Aquatic toxicology KW - Legislation KW - Water quality control KW - Toxicology KW - Information exchange KW - Biological studies KW - Economic aspects KW - Water pollution control KW - Model studies KW - Costs KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19272468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Clean+Water+Act+Update%3A+A+New+Role+for+Toxicology&rft.au=Wise%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Wise&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of QSAR Predictions with Fish Toxicity Screening Data fo 110 Phenols AN - 19272022; 8811004 AB - A comparison was made between the predicted 96-hr guppy LC50 of 110 phenols based upon QSAR (quantitative structure activity relationship) equations of Saarikoski and Viluksela and the data from 936 toxicity screening tests for these chemicals. Test data on up to eight species of freshwater fishes were available per compound. Overall, the experimental toxicity dat on these chemicals were consistent with the QSAR predictions. The 110 phenols occupy a considerably larger range of spanned substituent space than the QSAR training set. One compound, 4-aminophenol, exhibited lethality at test concentrations of 35 times below that predicted. The increased fish toxicity of this compound is explained in terms of a proelectrophile molecular mechanism, in which the parent compound is metabolically oxidized to a para quinoid structure. The resulting electrophilic metabolite is susceptible to attack by nucleophilic moieties present in biological macromolecules leading to covalent bond formation and inhibitions of biochemical processes. (See also W88-10991) (Author 's abstract) JF - Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Eighth Symposium. A Symposium Sponsored by ASTM Committee E-47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate, Fort Mitchell, Kentucky April 15-17, 1984. American Society of Testing Materials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Special Technical Publication 891, 1985. p 153-176, 4 fig, 2 tab, 19 ref. AU - Lipnick, R L AU - Bickings, C K AU - Johnson, DE AU - Eastmond, DA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances Y1 - 1985/04// PY - 1985 DA - Apr 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Toxicology KW - Water pollution effects KW - Aquatic toxicology KW - Toxicity KW - Fish KW - Phenols KW - Water quality control KW - Quantitative structure activity relationship KW - Lethal limits KW - Aminophenol KW - Molecular structure KW - Fish physiology KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19272022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+QSAR+Predictions+with+Fish+Toxicity+Screening+Data+fo+110+Phenols&rft.au=Lipnick%2C+R+L%3BBickings%2C+C+K%3BJohnson%2C+DE%3BEastmond%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Lipnick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combining Science and Management: Looking Ahead for Chesapeake Wetlands Conservation. How is the Federal, State, Local Partnership Working AN - 19271961; 8804976 AB - Decisionmaking to protect wetlands involves multiple levels of government and complex interactions among scientists and managers. Scientists need to understand bureaucracy, including the bureaucracy within, and take steps to avoid its pitfalls. The federal/state/local partnership to protect the wetlands in the Chesapeake Bay is working to produce results but leaves room for improvement: (1) Interagency meetings involving the various governmental levels need to have focused goals, pay attention to the larger issues, and attempt more long-range planning; and (2) Interaction coordination efforts should be expanded, roles should be clarified and technical gaps must be filled (especially better identification of the most severe wetland problems in the Bay region). Joint investigations should address the following areas: (1) Basic research to identify linkages between non-tidal fresh wetlands and downstream (including estuarine) functions; (2) Pursuit of a common, or at least interchangeable, computerized data management system, to track wetland-related Bay activities and thereby give some information on cumulative impacts; (3) The completion of community profiles describing the Bay watershed ecosystems; (4) The development or refinement of wetland values assessment techniques; and (5) The development of pre-, in progress, and post-project monitoring studies to fill gaps in predicting project impact and mitigation success. Specific attention should be given to impacts of dam construction and agricultural drainage. (See also W88-04934) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Wetlands of the Chesapeake. Proceedings of the Conference Held April 9-11 1985, Easton, Maryland. 1985. p 349-359, 4 ref. AU - Pomponio, J R AD - Environmental Protection Agency Philadelphia, PA. Region III Y1 - 1985/04// PY - 1985 DA - Apr 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Wetlands KW - Conservation KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Political aspects KW - Interagency cooperation KW - Federal jurisdiction KW - State jurisdiction KW - Local governments KW - Research needs KW - Public policy KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19271961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Combining+Science+and+Management%3A+Looking+Ahead+for+Chesapeake+Wetlands+Conservation.+How+is+the+Federal%2C+State%2C+Local+Partnership+Working&rft.au=Pomponio%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Pomponio&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA and the Chesapeake Bay AN - 19057381; 8804938 AB - The Chesapeake Bay is a national treasure. However, its size and resources can create the impression that someone else will always be around to solve the problem of water quality and wetland protection. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has addressed and will continue to address many of the water quality problems through the Clean Water Act. The Agency will continue working with other federal and state agencies as well as on wetlands protection programs and studies. Wetlands are critical to the Chesapeake Bay 's health, and preservation and protection of wetlands requires a joint effort. EPA can point the way, but in the end local communities will have to make many of the key decisions that will determine the progress in cleaning up the Bay. This effort requires consideration of the following: (1) there cannot be unrestricted development and healthy wetlands; (2) large-scale industry and improved water quality cannot exist without a greater expenditure on water pollution control equipment and greater enforcement of stricter water quality standards; and (3) the ecology of the Bay, with a watershed from six states, cannot be improved without the participation and help of all six. (See also W88-04934) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Wetlands of the Chesapeake. Proceedings of the Conference Held April 9-11 1985, Easton, Maryland. 1985. p 30-36. AU - Cooper, J S AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1985/04// PY - 1985 DA - Apr 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Regulations KW - Wetlands KW - Environmental protection KW - Water quality control KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Estuaries KW - Water pollution control KW - Ecology KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Public participation KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19057381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA+and+the+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Cooper%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water Quality Criteria: Protection of Use Perspective AN - 19036895; 8810996 AB - A water quality standard is a rule or law comprised of the use or uses to be made of a water body or segment and the water quality criteria necessary to protect that use or uses. States have primary responsibility for establishing appropriate uses of water bodies through a periodic review process involving consultation with the EPA and public hearings, which must occur at least once every three years. Where designated uses do not include those specified in the goals of the Clean Water Act (that is, fishable/swimmable), the state is required to conduct a use attainability analysis. The EPA has provided guidance for doing such an analysis. Criteria are elements of state water quality standards expressed as constituent concentrations or levels, or narrative statements, that represent a quality of water that supports a particular use. When criteria are properly selected and met, it is presumed that water quality will protect the designated use. The EPA is recommending that states develop site-specific criteria to reflect local conditions and has provided guidance for doing so. (See also W88-10991) (Author 's abstract) JF - Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Eighth Symposium. A Symposium Sponsored by ASTM Committee E-47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate, Fort Mitchell, Kentucky April 15-17, 1984. American Society of Testing Materials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Special Technical Publication 891, 1985. p 45-47, 7 fig. AU - Gostomski, F E AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Water Regulations and Standards Y1 - 1985/04// PY - 1985 DA - Apr 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water quality control KW - Standards KW - Regulations KW - Water pollution control KW - Toxicology KW - Recreation KW - Aquatic toxicology KW - Water quality standards KW - State jurisdiction KW - Fishing KW - Swimming KW - Public participation KW - Clean Water Act KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19036895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Water+Quality+Criteria%3A+Protection+of+Use+Perspective&rft.au=Gostomski%2C+F+E&rft.aulast=Gostomski&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research Needs in Developing Structure Activity Relationships AN - 19031672; 8811000 AB - A short historic overview of the development of quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) is presented. Applications of QSARs to problems in environmental toxicology and hazard assessment are reviewed. A number of research needs related to QSAR are identified including: (1) research to quantify the effects of metabolism on a bioconcentration QSAR model; (2) research to determine the upper boundaries of linearity for the bioconcentration QSAR for hydrophobic chemicals; (3) research to refine the understanding of the predictive limitations of the QSAR for acute toxicity of simple nonelectrolytes to aquatic organisms; (4) research to identify additional classes of nonelectrolytes that exhibit increased toxicity caused by more specific mechanisms of binding to biological receptors; and (5) research involving investigations of fundamental mechanisms of toxicity. (See also W88-10991) (Author 's abstract) JF - Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Eighth Symposium. A Symposium Sponsored by ASTM Committee E-47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate, Fort Mitchell, Kentucky April 15-17, 1984. American Society of Testing Materials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Special Technical Publication 891, 1985. p 78-82, 17 ref. AU - Lipnick, R L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances Y1 - 1985/04// PY - 1985 DA - Apr 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Toxicology KW - Molecular structure KW - Water pollution effects KW - Research priorities KW - Environmental effects KW - Quantitative structure activity relationships KW - Aquatic toxicology KW - Hazard assessment KW - Model studies KW - Biological magnification KW - Aquatic environment KW - Toxicity KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19031672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Research+Needs+in+Developing+Structure+Activity+Relationships&rft.au=Lipnick%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Lipnick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acclimation as a Factor Influencing Metal Criteria AN - 19014556; 8708635 AB - Laboratory research, primarily with salmonid fish, has demonstrated that metal acclimation can increase metal tolerance. Although slight decreases in tolerance have been reported following acclimation, reports of approximate doublings in tolerance predominate. The magnitude of increased tolerance may be metal-specific, and available data suggest the magnitude of acquired tolerance follows the series: zinc > copper > cadmium > chromium. Tolerance appears to change within a week of major changes in acclimation concentration. The significance of acclimation-induced tolerance may be important to the survival of organisms in metal-contaminated environments, but the magnitude of the tolerance change is probably within the range of many other factors influencing the accuracy of criteria. For example, the use of mean concentrations to express cycling exposure may underestimate chronic toxicity by a factor of two. Metal speciation/complexation is probably much more important to criteria accuracy than acclimation. Another important aspect of criteria evaluation is the relative resolution of laboratory tests and field monitoring. The problem of detecting biological effects following criteria violations is discussed. (See also W87-08624) (Author 's abstract) JF - Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Eighth Symposium, Fort Mitchell, Kentucky April 15-17, 1984. ASTM Special Technical Publication 891, 1985. p 119-136, 3 fig, 2 tab, 30 ref. AU - Chapman, G A AD - Environmental Protection Agency Corvallis, OR Y1 - 1985/04// PY - 1985 DA - Apr 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Acclimatization KW - Heavy metals KW - Water pollution effects KW - Lethal limit KW - Tolerance KW - Zinc KW - Copper KW - Cadmium KW - Chromium KW - Fish physiology KW - Environmental effects KW - Speciation KW - Complexation KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19014556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Acclimation+as+a+Factor+Influencing+Metal+Criteria&rft.au=Chapman%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interlaboratory Comparison of the ASTM Bioconcentration Test Method Using the Eastern Oyster AN - 19006213; 8708645 AB - The results of an interlaboratory comparison conducted by four laboratories for bioconcentration factor (BCF) testing using the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) and the organic chemicals pentachlorophenol (PCP), 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB), and p,p ' - DDE are summarized. The bioconcentration test method used was Draft 9 or ASTM Proposed Standard Practice for Conducting Bioconcentration Test with Fishes and Saltwater Bivalve Mollusks. The mean steady state BCFs and high to low BCF ratios (HL ratio) for PCP, TCB, and p,p ' - DDE were 64 (2.4), 168 (2.3), and 52,600 (3.4), respectively. The mean high to low ratio for all three chemicals was 2.7, which represents the extreme estimate of variability. The mean H/L ratios for the time to 90% uptake were 6.2 for PCP and 5.8 TCB while the ratio for time to consider 90% depuration for all three chemicals was 3.3. The results were reproducible, considering the varying degrees of experience between participants in conducting BCF tests, the wide geographic distribution between participants, and the different dilution water characteristics. (See also W87-08624) (Author 's abstract) JF - Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Eighth Symposium, Fort Mitchell, Kentucky April 15-17, 1984. ASTM Special Technical Publication 891, 1985. p 277-287, 6 tab, 12 ref. AU - Schimmel, S C AU - Garnas, R L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Narragansett, RI Y1 - 1985/04// PY - 1985 DA - Apr 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Oysters KW - Water pollution effects KW - Comparison studies KW - Biological magnification KW - Mollusks KW - Pentachlorophenol KW - Trichlorobenzene KW - Toxicity KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19006213?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Interlaboratory+Comparison+of+the+ASTM+Bioconcentration+Test+Method+Using+the+Eastern+Oyster&rft.au=Schimmel%2C+S+C%3BGarnas%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Schimmel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urban Runoff: Pollution Sources, Control, and Treatment AN - 18996553; 8600781 AB - This paper reviews progress on urban stormwater management and pollution control, with emphasis on non- and low-structurally intensive techniques along with the total system approach encompassing control-treatment. Many of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 's demonstration-evaluation projects are presented to exemplify: Land Management Techniques, i.e., land use planning, best use of natural drainage, dual use of retention and drainage facilities required for flood control designed concurrently or retrofitted for pollution control, porous pavement, surface sanitation, and chemical use control; Collection Systems Control, i.e., catchbasin cleaning, flow regulators (including swirl and helical devices), and the new concepts of elimination or reduction of unauthorized cross-connections, in-channel/conduit storage and/or other forms of storage for bleed-back to existing treatment plants; Storage including in-receiving water storage; Treatment, i.e., physical/chemical, disinfection, and a treatment-control planning and design guidebook; Sludge and Solids Residue from Treatment; and Integrated Systems, i.e, storage/treatment, dual-use wet-weather flow/dry-weather flow facilities, and reuse of stormwater for nonpotable purposes. Recommendations for the future in the areas of: control based on receiving water impacts , toxics characterization and their control, sewer system cross-connections, integrated stormwater management, and institutional/sociological/economic conflicts are also presented. (Author 's abstract) JF - Water Resources Bulletin Vol. 21, No. 2, p 197-206, April, 1985. 2 Fig, 2 Tab, 101 Ref. AU - Field, R AD - Environmental Protection Agency Edison, NJ. Storm and Combined Sewer Technology Branch Y1 - 1985/04// PY - 1985 DA - Apr 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Urban runoff KW - Water pollution control KW - Storm wastewater KW - Water management KW - Land use KW - Drainage KW - Water storage KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Sewer systems KW - Water reuse KW - Water pollution sources KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18996553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Urban+Runoff%3A+Pollution+Sources%2C+Control%2C+and+Treatment&rft.au=Field%2C+R&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic Halogen Measurements: Current Uses and Future Prospects AN - 18982548; 8506494 AB - Currently, the most popular method of analyzing total organic halide in water involves carbon adsorption, oxidative combustion , and measurement of the hydrogen halide by microcoulometry. Total organic halide (TOX) can be used as an indicator of water quality, providing a direct measure of disinfection by-product formation and, in some circumstances, a surrogate measure of individual organic pollutants. An important application of organic halide (OX) measurements is in unit process design, control, and monitoring. Measurements of OX in wastewater primarily discern compounds of industrial origin, whereas analysis of OX in finished drinking water primarily discern disinfection by-products. Trihalomethanes and nonpurgeable organic halide (NPOX) data generated under carefully controlled treatment conditions can lead to a plant design that minimizes the formation of halogenated disinfection by-products in the treated water. In spite of several shortcomings, the TOX method has a unique advantage in that it can verify the absence of OX contamination without the need to resort to a variety of specific methods to eliminate all the possibilities. Costs can be saved by using a single method to monitor a situation in which two or more methods might otherwise be required. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association Vol. 77, No. 4, p 146-154, April, 1985. 3 Fig, 8 Tab, 39 Refs. AU - Stevens, A A AU - Dressman, R C AU - Sorrell, R K AU - Brass, HJ AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH Y1 - 1985/04// PY - 1985 DA - Apr 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water analysis KW - Halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Water quality control KW - Drinking water KW - Water treatment KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Disinfection KW - Pollutant identification KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18982548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Organic+Halogen+Measurements%3A+Current+Uses+and+Future+Prospects&rft.au=Stevens%2C+A+A%3BDressman%2C+R+C%3BSorrell%2C+R+K%3BBrass%2C+HJ&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1985-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Five Sister Lakes: A Profile AN - 19112928; 9004926 AB - The Great Lakes form the largest surface expanse of freshwater in the world. All five of the Great Lakes are ranked among the fifteen largest lakes in the world. Completion of the St. Lawrence Seaway in 1959 connected the Great Lakes to form the largest freshwater transportation network in the world, stretching 2200 miles. More than 40 million people live and work in communities on the lakes ' shores, comprising 15 percent of the U.S. population and 25 percent of Canadians. Wisconsin glaciation carved out the lake beds some 32,000 years ago. The lakes have been in their present form for only 7000 years. Various Indian tribes, including the Iroquois, Chippewa, Winnebago, Sauk, Menominee, and the Miami, have lived along the Great Lakes. The Westerner credited with discovering the Great Lakes was the French explorer, Samuel de Champlain, who stood on the shores of Lake Huron in 1615. Before the Industrial Revolution, the Great Lakes were considered ' seas of sweet water. ' French domination of the lakes ended when the British defeated the French in the French and Indian Wars of 1754-1763. With the Treaty of Paris, in 1793, the Lakes were divided between the United States and British Canada. The War of 1812 spelled the final conflict in Great Lakes waters. Since then, the relationship between the U.S. and Canada has been peaceful. The Erie Canal opened in 1825 and freight traffic began moving around Niagara Falls via the Welland Canal since 1829. Lake Michigan was joined with the Mississippi River in 1848. Once-thriving industries, such as lumbering and fishing, are declining, however, due to depletion of natural riches. Tourism has become a thriving industry along these lakes. Urbanization, shipping and industrialization have taken their toll on the lakes. Erie, Ontario and Lake Michigan have suffered the most. Fortunately, the nearly pure waters of Lake Superior flow into all the other Great Lakes, so the potential for restored water quality does still exist. (Mertz-PTT) JF - EPA Journal Vol. 11, No. 2, p 5-6, March 1985. AU - Lewis, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1985/03// PY - 1985 DA - Mar 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Lakes KW - Great Lakes KW - Canada KW - St Lawrence Seaway KW - Navigation canals KW - Inland waterways KW - Ships KW - American Indians KW - Water boundary KW - History KW - Water resources development KW - Watercourses KW - SW 0850:Lakes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19112928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Five+Sister+Lakes%3A+A+Profile&rft.au=Lewis%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace Metals in Bivalve Molluscs from Thailand AN - 18994965; 8601791 AB - Capture fisheries and aquaculture provide a large quantity of bivalve molluscs for human consumption in Thailand each year. The existing information on trace elements in these bivalves is fragmentary and contradictory. This paper reports data for eight metals (cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, nickel, mercury and zinc) in the four major species marketed. These are the clam Paphia undulata, the cockle Anadara granosa, the green mussel Perna viridis and the rock oyster Crassostrea commercialis. The bivalves analyzed were taken at markets or in the field to cover as many of the major sources as possible. The results indicate no major threat to public health from trace elements in these species from Thailand and lend confidence to the expansion of aquaculture operations. In particular, the levels of lead found in the samples analyzed are considerably lower than those previously reported by other authors. (Author 's abstract) JF - Marine Environmental Research Vol. 15, p 215-234, 1985. 1 Fig, 8 Tab, 35 Ref. AU - Phillips, DJH AU - Muttarasin, K AD - Environmental Protection Agency Kowloon (Hong Kong) Y1 - 1985/03// PY - 1985 DA - Mar 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Trace metals KW - Mollusks KW - Thailand KW - Cadmium KW - Chromium KW - Copper KW - Iron KW - Lead KW - Nickel KW - Mercury KW - Zinc KW - Clams KW - Cockles KW - Mussels KW - Oysters KW - Shellfish KW - Public health KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18994965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Trace+Metals+in+Bivalve+Molluscs+from+Thailand&rft.au=Phillips%2C+DJH%3BMuttarasin%2C+K&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=DJH&rft.date=1985-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organochlorines and Trace Metals in Green-Lipped Mussels Perna viridis from Hong Kong Waters: A Test of Indicator Ability AN - 18994123; 8601514 AB - While the use of biological indicators to quantify aquatic pollution by trace elements and organochlorines is well-established in temperate waters, this technique has been relatively little used in tropical areas. This is partly because a suitable species has yet to be identified. In South-East Asia, the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus) has been proposed as a candidate for regional bioindicator studies. The capacity of P. viridis to act as an efficient and accurate bio-indicator for trace metals and organochlorines has been tested in Hong Kong coastal water, using samples from 15 locations. It is concluded that P. viridis is an excellent bio-indicator species for studies of copper and lead. Its use to monitor cadmium, mercury and zinc requires further study, however; in particular, the mussel may partially metabolically regulate zinc concentrations in its tissues. P. viridis appears to be a capable indicator species for organochlorines; the data reported here reveal a generalized contamination of Victoria Harbor by DDT and its metabolites, and localized pollution by PCBs. (Author 's abstract) JF - Marine Ecology - Progress Series Vol. 21, No. 3, p 251-258, February, 1985. 1 Fig, 3 Tab, 41 Ref. AU - Phillips, DJH AD - Environmental Protection Agency Kowloon (Hong Kong) Y1 - 1985/03// PY - 1985 DA - Mar 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Trace metals KW - Mussels KW - Hong Kong KW - Copper KW - Lead KW - Cadmium KW - Mercury KW - Zinc KW - DDT KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Pesticides KW - Coastal waters KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18994123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Organochlorines+and+Trace+Metals+in+Green-Lipped+Mussels+Perna+viridis+from+Hong+Kong+Waters%3A+A+Test+of+Indicator+Ability&rft.au=Phillips%2C+DJH&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=DJH&rft.date=1985-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a Community-Based Index Using Benthic Indicator-Organisms for Classifying Stream Quality AN - 18974099; 8507046 AB - The question of whether benthic classification of stream quality accurately represents the chemical classification of stream quality is addressed. More effective ways of using benthic data to assess water quality are not considered. The classification system as considered gives consistent results. Organisms specified as intolerant are generally not found in association with organisms in other categories. The demonstration of independence of this class of organisms from all other classes of organisms is critical, because it is this class that determines the index value. The results strongly suggest that organisms sharing similar habitat preferences have the same specification. Therefore, the index value calculated as the percentage of intolerant species should usefully discriminate between various water quality classes. This implies that if Schiffman 's original validation study were thorough, classifications made today using his system will be correct most of the time. Although the system is robust to incorrect specification of organisms, it could be improved by omission of those species that are not discriminating and consequently add little but noise to classification. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation Vol. 57, No. 2, p 167-171, February, 1985. 3 Tab, 16 Ref. AU - Schaeffer, D J AU - Ettinger, W H AU - Tucker, W J AU - Kerster, H W AD - Illinois State Environmental Protection Agency Springfield. Div. of Water Pollution Control Y1 - 1985/02// PY - 1985 DA - Feb 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Streams KW - Water quality control KW - Bioindicators KW - Benthos KW - Benthic environment KW - Indexes KW - Statistical analysis KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18974099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+Community-Based+Index+Using+Benthic+Indicator-Organisms+for+Classifying+Stream+Quality&rft.au=Schaeffer%2C+D+J%3BEttinger%2C+W+H%3BTucker%2C+W+J%3BKerster%2C+H+W&rft.aulast=Schaeffer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Causes of a Waterborne Giardiasis Outbreak AN - 18968614; 8504830 AB - A waterborne giardiasis outbreak occurred within the Highlands Water and Sanitation District in Colorado in November of 1981. While the immediate cause of the outbreak was reduced chlorine contact time due to a pump failure, numerous design and operational deficiencies existed at the plant. These included lack of chemical pretreatment, improper backwashing procedures, poor application of raw water to the filter, and failure to monitor plant conditions. The best alternative for eliminating the potential for outbreaks of giardiasis is to adhere to the multiple barrier concept in treating water. Specifically, this should include chemical addition for coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration followed by disinfection. Systems in which the raw water turbidity is generally less than 1 ntu year round have tended to eliminate chemical additives for coagulation flocculation, which may place those served by the system in jeopardy. Further, operation and maintenance programs are commonly inadequate in small systems, particularly with regard to the condition of the filter bed. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association Vol. 77, No. 2, p 48-51, February, 1985. 2 Fig, 13 Ref. AU - Braidech, TE AU - Karlin, R J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Denver, CO. Region VIII Y1 - 1985/02// PY - 1985 DA - Feb 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Water treatment KW - Public health KW - Giardiasis KW - Colorado KW - Maintenance KW - Filter beds KW - Contamination KW - Chlorination KW - Disinfection KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18968614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Causes+of+a+Waterborne+Giardiasis+Outbreak&rft.au=Braidech%2C+TE%3BKarlin%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Braidech&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1985-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial Colonization of Point-of-Use Water Treatment Devices AN - 18968569; 8504834 AB - Point-of-use water treatment devices were investigated to identify organisms that may colonize filters, to determing the magnitude of the postcolonization release of microorganisms into the product water during daily use or after periods of nonuse, and to demonstrate the effect of tap water of marginal bacteriological quality on the quality of the product water. Bacterial colonization occurred in three types of point-of-use carbon filters that are designed to be installed on the cold water line under the sink in the home. Treatment devices that use carbon impregnated paper filters provided favorable habitats for colonization and release of organisms into the product water and bacterial density increases with the length of cartridge service. A changing flora of gram-negative organisms colonized the test units for periods ranging from one to ten months. After a six week period of nonuse, significantly increased bacterial densities were noted in samples taken after an initial flush of a few seconds, with a return to lower densities after several cycles of normal water use. Of the challenge organisms tested, Pseudomonas aeruginosa proved to be the most tenacious, persisting for more than 150 days. While some opportunistic pathogens grew in the carbon filters, the concentration of such organisms released in the product water did not approach the level considered to be infective for a health compromised consumer. The carbon filter treatment devices tested did not provide an effective barrier against Salmonella typhimurium or Escherichia coli, strains of which may be enterotoxigenic. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association Vol. 77, No. 2, p 72-80, February, 1985. 3 Fig, 7 Tab, 26 Ref. AU - Geldreich, EE AU - Taylor, R H AU - Blannon, J C AU - Reasoner, D J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1985/02// PY - 1985 DA - Feb 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Bacteria KW - Filtration KW - Carbon filters KW - Public health KW - Coliforms KW - Water treatment KW - Pathogenic bacteria KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18968569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Bacterial+Colonization+of+Point-of-Use+Water+Treatment+Devices&rft.au=Geldreich%2C+EE%3BTaylor%2C+R+H%3BBlannon%2C+J+C%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Geldreich&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=1985-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating Sedimentation and Various Filter Media for Removal of Giardia Cysts AN - 18968133; 8504832 AB - The primary purpose of the pilot study described was to evaluate the efficiency of sedimentation and of coarse anthracite media for removing Giardia cysts. Removal of cysts by sedimentation ranged from 65 to 93% and was generally similar to percentage removals of turbidity. The concentration of Giardia cysts was influenced by relatively small turbidity changes (0.2 to 0.3 ntu), increasing greatly as turbidity increased. The coarse anthracite media generally produced water of inferior quality when the bed depths of all filters were similar. Use of high molecular weight, slightly anionic polymer improved the performance of the anthracite filter but made backwashing more difficult. Because cyst concentrations may be higher than usual during the first portion of a filter run (just after backwashing), operators should consider a filter to waste period when a new run is begun. Effective control of Giardia cysts depends on informed application of the multiple-barrier concept. Adequate disinfection is absolutely essential. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association Vol. 77, No. 2, p 61-66, February, 1985. 12 Fig, 8 Tab, 11 Ref. AU - Logsdon, G S AU - Thurman, V C AU - Frindt, E S AU - Stoecker, J G AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1985/02// PY - 1985 DA - Feb 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sedimentation KW - Filtration KW - Water treatment KW - Drinking water KW - Giardia KW - Turbidity KW - Pilot plants KW - Public health KW - Disinfection KW - Anthracite filters KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18968133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Evaluating+Sedimentation+and+Various+Filter+Media+for+Removal+of+Giardia+Cysts&rft.au=Logsdon%2C+G+S%3BThurman%2C+V+C%3BFrindt%2C+E+S%3BStoecker%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Logsdon&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foreword AN - 877591781; 13623396 JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Stara, Jerry F AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - v PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877591781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Foreword&rft.au=Stara%2C+Jerry+F&rft.aulast=Stara&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=v&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100401 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100401 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mouse Liver Tumor Data: Assessment of Carcinogenic Activity AN - 760215879; 13623416 AB - Significant numbers of chemicals have been shown to be carcinogenic in mouse liver although they do not exhibit carcinogenic activity in other organs or tissues of mice or rats. This review focuses on the reasons for the unique susceptibility of the mouse liver to these carcinogens and the extent to which the carcinogenic activity of a chemical in mouse liver can be used to predict carcinogenicity in humans. Many of these mouse liver carcinogens lack genotoxic activity and, as such, have been proposed to be tumor promoters. Two mechanisms that may explain the action of nongenotoxic carcinogens in mouse liver are reviewed. These are: (1) direct action on precursor cancer cells, either to accelerate their growth or to prevent their death and (2) the selective growth advantage, resulting from regenerative hyperplasia of precursor cancer cells in response to the necrosis of normal cells produced by hepatotoxins. Estimating human health risks on the basis of mouse liver tumor data is believed to differ for nongenotoxic and genotoxic carcinogens in two fundamental ways. The first involves intraspecies extrapolation and the second involves low-dose extrapolation. In conclusion, although mouse liver tumor data are seen to be of value in estimating human health hazard, it is important to distinguish between genotoxic and nongenotoxic mechanisms in applying such data. Further study of the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of chemical carcinogens is necessary to determine the relationship between their activity in mouse liver and their activity in humans. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Pereira, Michael A AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency Health Effects Research Laboratory Cincinnati, OH 45268 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 311 EP - 333 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Molecular modelling KW - Data processing KW - Genotoxicity KW - Carcinogens KW - Tumors KW - Cancer KW - Promoters KW - Hyperplasia KW - Necrosis KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Reviews KW - Liver KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Mouse+Liver+Tumor+Data%3A+Assessment+of+Carcinogenic+Activity&rft.au=Pereira%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Pereira&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100421 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 118 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molecular modelling; Promoters; Necrosis; Hyperplasia; Data processing; Carcinogenicity; Reviews; Genotoxicity; Liver; Tumors; Carcinogens; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100421 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Hazard Assessment for Chlorinated Dioxins and Dibenzofurans Other Than 2, 3, 7, 8-Tcdd AN - 760215829; 13623410 AB - EPA is faced with the need to perform health risk assessments of environmental materials containing mixtures of chlorinated dioxins and -dibenzofurans. Preferably, such an assessment must be based on the direct evaluation of chronic health effects of the mixture or on a knowledge of the toxic effects of each of the components. In the absence of such data, the authors have developed two pragmatic approaches that can reasonably be applied to mixtures such as flyash or contaminated soil. The details of these approaches, viewed as interim procedures, are compared and contrasted with those used by other regulatory and public health authorities. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Bellin, Judith S AU - Barnes, Donald G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Solid Wastes Washington, DC 20460 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 235 EP - 248 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Data processing KW - Fly ash KW - Toxicity KW - Soil contamination KW - Dioxins KW - Public health KW - Hazards KW - Soil pollution KW - EPA KW - Dibenzofuran KW - Dioxin KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Health+Hazard+Assessment+for+Chlorinated+Dioxins+and+Dibenzofurans+Other+Than+2%2C+3%2C+7%2C+8-Tcdd&rft.au=Bellin%2C+Judith+S%3BBarnes%2C+Donald+G&rft.aulast=Bellin&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100415 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Soil pollution; Data processing; Dibenzofuran; Dioxin; Public health; Hazards; EPA; Fly ash; Soil contamination; Toxicity; Dioxins DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100415 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for Route-To-Route Extrapolation of Dose AN - 760215822; 13623405 AB - Results of acute toxicity studies for a variety of chemicals have indicated that, in most cases, although the inhalation route was more effective than the IG route, wide variations in toxicity occurred between these two routes. The major factors that may result in variations in toxicity between routes include: (1) differences in absorption efficiency; (2) differences in systemic effects; (3) occurrence of critical toxicological effects at the portal of entry; (4) first-pass effects resulting in inactivation or activation of the chemical agent before it reaches the target organ; and (5) variations in temporal patterns of target organ concentrations. Extrapolation to determine safe exposure levels during chronic exposure becomes less reliable, not only as information relating to these factors decreases, but also as the quality or length of exposure decreases in the available toxicologic studies. VDC is an example of one of a few chemicals for which both chronic inhalation and oral toxicity data are available, along with detailed pharmacokinetic information. On the basis of the pharmacokinetic data, differences in toxicity between the two routes did not appear to be very likely for this chemical. This conjecture was supported by the results of chronic toxicity studies. Finally, assuming sufficient data and pharmacokinetic parameters are available, this paper presents a useful and practical approach to route extrapolation. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Pepelko, William E AU - Withey, James R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Carcinogen Assessment Group Washington, D.C. 20460 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 153 EP - 175 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Data processing KW - Chronic exposure KW - Chronic toxicity KW - Acute toxicity KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Immunoglobulins KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Methods+for+Route-To-Route+Extrapolation+of+Dose&rft.au=Pepelko%2C+William+E%3BWithey%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Pepelko&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100410 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Data processing; Chronic exposure; Chronic toxicity; Acute toxicity; Pharmacokinetics; Immunoglobulins DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100410 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Statistical Model for Species Extrapolation Using Categorical Response Data AN - 760215813; 13623400 AB - Predictions of human health risk for single chemicals are often based on animal studies and hence require some sort of adjustment for species differences in toxic susceptibility. In the past, either the animal dose has been divided by an uncertainty factor or the dose has been transformed by a mathematical model into a human equivalent dose. A generalization of the allometric model previously used for carcinogens, the so-called surface area model, is investigated here for use with graded severity response data for noncarcinogenic systemic toxicity. Statistical methods for estimating one of the model's parameters, the power of body weight, are proposed and tested on simulated and actual toxicity data. Early results indicate reasonable accuracy if data are available for a large number of dose groups. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Hertzberg, Richard C AU - Miller, Michael AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 43 EP - 63 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Data processing KW - Statistics KW - Body weight KW - Surface area KW - Statistical analysis KW - Toxicity KW - Carcinogens KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=A+Statistical+Model+for+Species+Extrapolation+Using+Categorical+Response+Data&rft.au=Hertzberg%2C+Richard+C%3BMiller%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Hertzberg&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100405 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Statistics; Data processing; Mathematical models; Body weight; Surface area; Statistical analysis; Carcinogens; Toxicity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100405 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Issues On Health Risk Assessment At Hazardous Waste Sites and Resource Recovery Facilities in Region Ii AN - 760215704; 13623413 AB - This paper examines the issues involved in health risk assessments at hazardous waste sites and resource recovery facilities in Region II and emphasizes the programmatic aspects of the problem and the integration of risk assessment into the permitting process for these facilities. Suggestions for the R&D agenda and policy needs to support a risk assessment strategy in this area are also discussed. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Cam, Vinh AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region Air and Waste Management Division, New York, NY Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 271 EP - 276 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Integration KW - Waste disposal sites KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Issues+On+Health+Risk+Assessment+At+Hazardous+Waste+Sites+and+Resource+Recovery+Facilities+in+Region+Ii&rft.au=Cam%2C+Vinh&rft.aulast=Cam&rft.aufirst=Vinh&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100418 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Integration; Waste disposal sites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100418 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a Comparative Potency Method for Cancer Risk Assessment of Complex Mixtures Using Short-Term in Vivo and in Vitro Bioassays AN - 760215686; 13623407 AB - A comparative potency method for cancer risk assessment has been developed based on a constant relative potency hypothesis. This method was developed and tested using data from a battery of short-term mutagenesis bioassays, animal tumorigenicity data and human lung cancer risk estimations. This data base was developed for a series of complex mixtures including emissions from coke ovens, roofing tar pots, cigarette smoke and automotive engines. The series of automobiles used in this study included both diesel- and gasoline-powered vehicles. The assumptions inherent in this method are discussed, together with the methods and data base used to test these assumptions. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Lewtas, Joellen AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 193 EP - 203 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Databases KW - coke ovens KW - Data processing KW - Motor vehicles KW - Tar KW - Tumorigenicity KW - Cigarette smoke KW - Lung cancer KW - Mutagenesis KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+Comparative+Potency+Method+for+Cancer+Risk+Assessment+of+Complex+Mixtures+Using+Short-Term+in+Vivo+and+in+Vitro+Bioassays&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+Joellen&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=Joellen&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100412 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; coke ovens; Databases; Data processing; Motor vehicles; Tar; Tumorigenicity; Cigarette smoke; Mutagenesis; Lung cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100412 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ranking Chemicals Based On Chronic Toxicity Data AN - 760215680; 13623406 AB - During the past 3 years, EPA's ECA O/ Cincinnati has developed a method to rank chemicals based on chronic toxicity data. This ranking system reflects two primary attributes of every chemical: the minimum effective dose and the type of effect elicited at that dose. The purpose for developing this chronic toxicity ranking system was to provide the EPA with the technical background required to adjust the RQs of hazardous substances designated in Section 101(14) of CERCLA or Superfund. This approach may have applications to other areas of interest to the EPA and other regulatory agencies where ranking of chemicals based on chronic toxicity is desired. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - De Rosa, Christopher T AU - Stara, Jerry F AU - Durkin, Patrick R AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH 45628 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 177 EP - 191 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Federal regulations KW - Data processing KW - Superfund KW - CERCLA KW - Toxicity KW - EPA KW - Dose-response effects KW - Chronic toxicity KW - USA, Ohio, Cincinnati KW - Hazardous wastes KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Ranking+Chemicals+Based+On+Chronic+Toxicity+Data&rft.au=De+Rosa%2C+Christopher+T%3BStara%2C+Jerry+F%3BDurkin%2C+Patrick+R&rft.aulast=De+Rosa&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100411 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Chronic toxicity; Chemicals; EPA; Federal regulations; Dose-response effects; Superfund; CERCLA; Toxicity; Hazardous wastes; USA, Ohio, Cincinnati DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100411 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving the Use of Epidemiologic Data in Health Risk Assessment AN - 760215673; 13623401 AB - Epidemiologic data with quantitative exposure measures is infrequently available for specific environmental agents. This lack of exposure measures creates confusion in interpreting epidemiologic data and therefore has impeded its efficient use in health risk analysis. This paper discusses screening and evaluating epidemiologic studies for use in assessing health risk. It also describes the larger role of epidemiology in reducing uncertainties in risk analysis. The approach recognizes that the various designs used to increase statistical power and to control for covariables have different functions in contemporary risk assessment as practiced by regulatory agencies. Each of these study designs is categorized for its role in risk analysis as useful for hazard identification or for dose-response assessment. Studies presenting geographic correlations are construed to be not directly useful in health risk assessment. The numerical level of the exposure data is a deciding factor in using valid epidemiologic studies. However, data measured on an ordinal scale can be used in qualitative assessments and can demonstrate the strength of the relationship. The application of this procedure is illustrated using epidemiologic studies on the carcinogenicity of chemicals contaminated with dioxins. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Erdreich, Linda S AU - Burnett, Carol AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. St. Clair Street, Cincinnati, OH 45268 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 65 EP - 91 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Risk assessment KW - Risk analysis KW - Data processing KW - Statistics KW - Dioxins KW - Health risks KW - Epidemiology KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Dose-response effects KW - Dioxin KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Improving+the+Use+of+Epidemiologic+Data+in+Health+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Erdreich%2C+Linda+S%3BBurnett%2C+Carol&rft.aulast=Erdreich&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100406 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Statistics; Data processing; Epidemiology; Carcinogenicity; Dioxin; Chemicals; Health risks; Risk analysis; Dose-response effects; Dioxins DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100406 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel Methods for the Estimation of Acceptable Daily Intake AN - 760215665; 13623399 AB - This paper describes two general methods for estimating ADIs that circumvent some of the limitations inherent in current approaches. The first method is based on a graphic presentation of toxicity data and is also shown to be useful for estimating acceptable intakes for durations of toxicant exposure other than the entire lifetime. The second method uses dose-response or dose-effect data to calculate lower CLs on the dose rate associated with specified response or effect levels. These approaches should lead to firmer, better established ADIs through increased use of the entire spectrum of toxicity data. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Dourson, Michael L AU - Hertzberg, Richard C AU - Hartung, Rolf AU - Blackburn, Karen AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 23 EP - 41 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Toxicants KW - Toxicity KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Novel+Methods+for+the+Estimation+of+Acceptable+Daily+Intake&rft.au=Dourson%2C+Michael+L%3BHertzberg%2C+Richard+C%3BHartung%2C+Rolf%3BBlackburn%2C+Karen&rft.aulast=Dourson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100404 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Toxicants; Toxicity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100404 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New Risk Assessment Initiatives in Epa AN - 760215659; 13623398 AB - This paper describes EPA's recent efforts to ensure consistency and technical competence of the agency's risk assessments. These include five risk assessment guidelines proposed in November 1984 and January 1985 and establishment of a Risk Assessment Forum. The technical provisions of the five guidelines have been outlined. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Anderson, Elizabeth L AU - Ehrlich, Alan M AD - Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 7 EP - 22 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - EPA KW - guidelines KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=New+Risk+Assessment+Initiatives+in+Epa&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Elizabeth+L%3BEhrlich%2C+Alan+M&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100403 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; EPA; guidelines DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100403 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introductory Remarks AN - 760215647; 13623397 AB - Abstract not available. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Alm, Alvin L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC 24060 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Diseases KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Introductory+Remarks&rft.au=Alm%2C+Alvin+L&rft.aulast=Alm&rft.aufirst=Alvin&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100402 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diseases DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100402 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Erythrocyte Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Does Not Pose an Increased Risk for Black Americans Exposed To Oxidant Gases in the Workplace or General Environment AN - 760215580; 13623374 AB - Abstract not available. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Goldstein, Bernard D AU - Amoruso, Marie A AU - Witz, Gisela AD - Office of Research and Development United States Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 75 EP - 80 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Gases KW - Erythrocytes KW - Oxidants KW - Glucosephosphate dehydrogenase KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760215580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Erythrocyte+Glucose-6-Phosphate+Dehydrogenase+Deficiency+Does+Not+Pose+an+Increased+Risk+for+Black+Americans+Exposed+To+Oxidant+Gases+in+the+Workplace+or+General+Environment&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+Bernard+D%3BAmoruso%2C+Marie+A%3BWitz%2C+Gisela&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823378500100108 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gases; Erythrocytes; Oxidants; Glucosephosphate dehydrogenase DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378500100108 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forecasting and Mediation: Colorado and the Clean Air Act AN - 60998845; 86Q6302 AB - Data mediation, or discussion designed to resolve technical differences between originators of divergent forecasts, is analyzed. Differing forecasts of future Ur air quality by several agencies led to debate over revisions to the 1977 Clean Air Act proposed during the Ninety-Seventh Congress. Researchers for General Motors, the US Environmental Protection Agency, & the State of Colorado disagreed over the ability of Denver, Colo, ever to satisfy health standards for carbon monoxide if automobile emission standards for high altitude were relaxed. Data mediation led to resolution of some differences. The search for disconfirming evidence was a key element of the successful mediation. This process requires: (1) balance of scientific expertise & credibility; (2) explicitness of assumptions; & (3) segmenting & bounding of the problem. 4 Figures, 26 References. HA JF - International Journal of Forecasting AU - Dennis, Robin L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park NC 27711 Y1 - 1985///0, PY - 1985 DA - 0, 1985 SP - 297 EP - 308 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 0169-2070, 0169-2070 KW - divergent forecasts, data mediation/resolution KW - case study KW - General Motors/US Environmental Protection Agency/State of Colorado researchers, Denver KW - Environmental Protection KW - Conflict Resolution KW - Mediation KW - article KW - 2656: environmental interactions; environmental interactions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60998845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Forecasting&rft.atitle=Forecasting+and+Mediation%3A+Colorado+and+the+Clean+Air+Act&rft.au=Dennis%2C+Robin+L&rft.aulast=Dennis&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Forecasting&rft.issn=01692070&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IJFOEK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conflict Resolution; Mediation; Environmental Protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using remote sensing for wetlands assessment in Superfund hazardous waste sites AN - 51914925; 2003-082122 JF - Summaries - International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment AU - Norton, D J AU - Prince, J AU - Cook, Jerald J Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 112 PB - Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, [location varies] VL - 19 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - imagery KW - marshes KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - tidal marshes KW - mires KW - Bristol County Massachusetts KW - ground truth KW - Acushnet Estuary KW - wetlands KW - Massachusetts KW - New Bedford Massachusetts KW - ecology KW - image analysis KW - color imagery KW - Superfund sites KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51914925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Summaries+-+International+Symposium+on+Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.atitle=Using+remote+sensing+for+wetlands+assessment+in+Superfund+hazardous+waste+sites&rft.au=Norton%2C+D+J%3BPrince%2C+J%3BCook%2C+Jerald+J&rft.aulast=Norton&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Summaries+-+International+Symposium+on+Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Nineteenth international symposium on Remote sensing of environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06213 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acushnet Estuary; airborne methods; Bristol County Massachusetts; color imagery; ecology; environmental analysis; ground truth; hazardous waste; image analysis; imagery; marshes; Massachusetts; mires; New Bedford Massachusetts; remediation; remote sensing; Superfund sites; tidal marshes; United States; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Operational ranges for suction lysimeters AN - 51317165; 1985-080979 JF - Ground Water Monitoring Review AU - Everett, Lorne G AU - McMillion, Leslie G Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 51 EP - 60 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 0277-1926, 0277-1926 KW - laboratory studies KW - monitoring KW - pressure KW - movement KW - testing KW - percolation KW - lysimeters KW - pore water KW - instruments KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51317165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.atitle=Operational+ranges+for+suction+lysimeters&rft.au=Everett%2C+Lorne+G%3BMcMillion%2C+Leslie+G&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=Lorne&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.issn=02771926&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1985-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; instruments; laboratory studies; lysimeters; monitoring; movement; percolation; pore water; pressure; testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient Enrichment of Chesapeake Bay and Its Impact on the Habitat of Striped Bass: A Speculative Hypothesis AN - 20060597; 8423951 AB - Stocks of striped bass Morone saxatilis have declined in the Chesapeake Bay system over the last decade. We present evidence for the working hypothesis that the decline has resulted, in part, from loss of deep-water habitat for adults, caused by limiting concentrations of dissolved oxygen that are related, in turn, to nutrient enrichment and greater planktonic production. A related hypothesis is that changes in the near-shore habitat for juvenile striped bass, involving severe declines in submerged aquatic vegetation due to nutrient-driven planktonic shading, also have contributed to the decline of striped bass. Nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and chlorophyll a, an indicator of phytoplankton biomass, have increased in many areas of the bay and tributaries over the past 20 to 30 years. These trends are qualitatively correlated with greater deoxygenation of the deep channel in the mid and upper bay. During the late 1970s, summer oxygen concentrations as low as 2 ml/liter approached to within 7-8 m of the surface, allowing water stressful to striped bass to intrude onto shoal areas of the bay. The volume of Chesapeake Bay bottom waters containing 0.5 ml O sub(2)/liter or less was about 15 times greater in July 1980 than in July 1950. The combination of the expanding hypoxic pool and summer temperatures above preferred levels for adult striped bass may contribute to an 'oxygen-temperature squeeze' that forces adults onto shoal areas of the bay or out of the upper bay. Many of these shoal areas now lack suitable cover for juvenile striped bass and their prey. Strong intraspecific competition among striped bass may be occurring there. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Price, Kent S AU - Flemer, David A AU - Taft, Jay L AU - Mackiernan, Gail B AU - Nehlsen, Willa AU - Biggs, Robert B AU - Burger, Ned H AU - Blaylock, Dewey A AD - Chesapeake Bay Program, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 839 Best Gate Road, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 Y1 - 1985/01// PY - 1985 DA - January 1985 SP - 97 EP - 106 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Food organisms KW - Chlorophyll KW - Phosphorus KW - Phytoplankton KW - Nutrients KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Chlorophyll A KW - Enrichment KW - Tributaries KW - Aquatic plants KW - Vegetation KW - prey KW - nutrient enrichment KW - Biomass KW - Habitat KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Channels KW - Oxygen KW - Morone saxatilis KW - Depleted stocks KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nitrogen KW - Nutrient enrichment KW - Surface water KW - Bass KW - Habitats KW - Fisheries KW - Shading KW - Competition KW - Prey KW - Temperature effects KW - Temperature KW - Shoals KW - Hypoxia KW - summer KW - competition KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20060597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Nutrient+Enrichment+of+Chesapeake+Bay+and+Its+Impact+on+the+Habitat+of+Striped+Bass%3A+A+Speculative+Hypothesis&rft.au=Price%2C+Kent+S%3BFlemer%2C+David+A%3BTaft%2C+Jay+L%3BMackiernan%2C+Gail+B%3BNehlsen%2C+Willa%3BBiggs%2C+Robert+B%3BBurger%2C+Ned+H%3BBlaylock%2C+Dewey+A&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=Kent&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2F1548-8659%281985%29114-97%3ANEOCBA%3E2.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food organisms; Shoals; Depleted stocks; Aquatic plants; Nutrients (mineral); Shading; Habitat; Tributaries; Dissolved oxygen; Temperature effects; Chlorophyll; Nutrient enrichment; Phosphorus; Phytoplankton; Vegetation; Nutrients; Biomass; Oxygen; Hypoxia; Competition; Prey; Nitrogen; Surface water; Temperature; prey; nutrient enrichment; Channels; Fisheries; summer; competition; Habitats; Chlorophyll A; Enrichment; Bass; Morone saxatilis; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1985)114-97:NEOCBA>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 's Quality Assurance Program AN - 19273111; 8811160 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and its predecessor organizations historically have devoted considerable time and effort to the standardization of test procedures, the development and use of calibration and performance audit procedures, quality control and reference samples, training, and other quality assurance (QA) activities. However, these QA activities were essentially voluntary, and most of the data generated were reported with no indication of quality, thereby severely reducing their usefulness. Due to questions concerning the quality of EPA 's data, Agency policy stipulated in 1979, requires participation in a centrally managed QA program by all organizational units engaged in environmentally related measurements. This policy applies equally to those extramural efforts performed on behalf of EPA. The primary responsibility for program development and direction is assigned to the Office of Research and Development, while other program offices, regions, and laboratories are responsible for its implementation. Essential elements of the program include developing and implementing QA program plans, QA project plans, and standard operating procedures; conducting audits of the capability and performance of measurement systems, and data quality; maintaining a mechanism for corrective actions; QA training; and frequent reports to management on a mechanism on the quality of data, program effectiveness, and problems. The goal of the QA program is to ensure that all data generated are of known, documented, and acceptable quality. (See also W88-11158) (Author 's abstract) JF - Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA. 1985. p 12-19, 2 ref. AU - Stanley, T W AU - Verner, S S AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Quality Assurance Management Staff Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Quality control KW - Environmental data KW - Data acquisitions KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Sampling KW - Data processing KW - Environmental policy KW - Administrative aspects KW - Planning KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19273111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency+%27s+Quality+Assurance+Program&rft.au=Stanley%2C+T+W%3BVerner%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Stanley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Measurement Data Quality and Establishment of Achievable Goals for Environmental Measurements AN - 19255893; 8811162 AB - In recognizing the need for measuring and documenting the quality of environmental measurements obtained in its monitoring projects and for getting achievable data quality goals for such projects, the Environmental Protection Agency, issues a number of guidance and informational documents addressed to those needs. This paper reviews one of those documents, a comprehensive compilation of the quality of measurements actually obtained with various environmental measurement methods in all environmental media. Included are a brief discussion of the rationale and purpose of the document, limited reviews of the four designated measures of data quality (precision, accuracy, completeness, and method detection limit), and explanations of the format used to list the data quality information. Examples of actual data listings from the document are also included. (See also W88-11158) (Author 's abstract) JF - Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA. 1985. p 41-52, 4 fig, 5 ref. AU - Mitchell, W J AU - Rhodes, R C AU - McElroy, F F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Quality control KW - Data acquisitions KW - Monitoring KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Data interpretation KW - Precision KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19255893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Measurement+Data+Quality+and+Establishment+of+Achievable+Goals+for+Environmental+Measurements&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+W+J%3BRhodes%2C+R+C%3BMcElroy%2C+F+F&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment and Effluent Disposal: Institutional Constraints AN - 19073841; 8901855 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency 's (EPA) Office of Federal Activities (Policy and Procedures Branch and 404 Branch) and the Office of Water Programs, in conjunction with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, are considering the use of wetlands to treat municipal wastewater. The impetus for such use is that many small communities have found that ' high-technology, ' conventional municipal sewage treatment systems are not well suited to their limited needs. While there does not appear to be any unequivocal constraint in any existing laws, regulations, or guidelines that would prevent the sensible use of wetlands in a municipal wastewater treatment system, the idea is new, and it requires a reassessment of whether or not wetlands serve their greatest value when left completely alone. Wetlands used for wastewater treatment promote their multiple use, hopefully, to the benefit of both the residents of the community and the wetland. However, there are those who believe that people and their wastes do not belong in wetlands because the wetland should be left completely natural; or that the only ' real ' way to treat sewage is in concrete tanks with mechanical mixers and pumps where the chemistry and biology of waste treatment can be carefully controlled and monitored to prove the best-possible level of treatment. Proponents of these arguments have the potential to exert strong pressures on communities to pursue the more-established, conventional wastewater treatment routes, simply because they will seem easier or safer in the absence of complete knowledge about all wetland impacts. No doubt, over time, the use of wetlands in the treatment and disposal of municipal wastewater by small communities with appropriate land resources and soils will become an established procedure. However, the amount of time that the establishment of wetlands treatment takes will depend to a great on how quickly EPA can satisfy a community 's concerns for what they perceive as the institutional, engineering, and biological constraints to wetland use for municipal waste treatment. (See also W89-01827) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Ecological Considerations in Wetlands Treatment of Municipal Wastewaters. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company New York. 1985. p 427-432. AU - Rusincovitch, F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Wetlands KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Institutional constraints KW - Legal aspects KW - Wetlands treatment KW - Regulations KW - Wastewater disposal KW - Municipal wastewater KW - Biological treatment KW - Biodegradation KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19073841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Use+of+Wetlands+for+Wastewater+Treatment+and+Effluent+Disposal%3A+Institutional+Constraints&rft.au=Rusincovitch%2C+F&rft.aulast=Rusincovitch&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Certification of Local Laboratories Analyzing Drinking Water in Nonprimacy States AN - 19052885; 8811164 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) certification procedures for local laboratories analyzing drinking water for compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act are discussed. A local laboratory is defined as a nonprincipal state laboratory and may include state, county, municipal, federal, or commercial laboratories. The EPA certification program has recently been updated and clarified in the 1983 edition of the EPA certification manual. Critical elements for certification in chemistry, microbiology, and radiochemistry have been revised and include the preparation of a quality assurance (QA) plan. Requirements to maintain certification as well as criteria and procedures for downgrading a laboratory 's certification status are described in the manual. Technical services to be provided by EPA have been expanded. The certification program, changes that are incorporated in the new manual that will affect the certification of local laboratories, and potential future changes are briefly described. (See also W88-11158) (Author 's abstract) JF - Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA. 1985. p 103-109, 5 tab, 5 ref. AU - Hillman, J J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Denver, CO. Region VIII Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Quality control KW - Certification KW - Laboratories KW - Legal aspects KW - Water law KW - Chemical analysis KW - Radioactive tracers KW - Water quality control KW - Potable water KW - Water analysis KW - Microbiolological studies KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19052885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Certification+of+Local+Laboratories+Analyzing+Drinking+Water+in+Nonprimacy+States&rft.au=Hillman%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Hillman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quality Assurance Project Plans - A Key to Effective Cooperative Monitoring Programs AN - 19039328; 8811163 AB - The use of cooperative monitoring programs, involving the co-mingling of data of the regulated community and the ' regulators, ' can lead to effective utilization of resources and contribute to cooperative solutions to pollution control programs. Such benefits can only be realized, however, under controls that ensure the comparability and validity of data obtained through well-defined roles and work plans. A key to this control is the Work/Quality Assurance (QA) Project Plan developed cooperatively by a team consisting of federal, industry and state/municipal representatives. A comprehensive Work/Quality Assurance Project/Work Plan Guidance document has been developed in the Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which should effectively meet QA requirements for a wide range of users and types of water-monitoring tasks. This guidance document is designed to cover all aspects of water environmental measurement from field sampling through laboratory analysis and data reduction and, where applicable, computer input. The document integrates a work plan with a QA plan eliminating the dual effort of overlapping plan developments and assuring practical incorporation of quality assurance/quality control. In addition, the combination of the work plan and QA plan provides a comprehensive basis to establish sound coordination and agreement for cooperative monitoring tasks. This guidance document is currently in pilot implementation throughout the United States. (See also W88-11158) (Author 's abstract) JF - Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA. 1985. p 53-61. AU - Brossman, M W AU - Hoogheem, T J AU - Splinter, R C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Quality Assurance Management Staff Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Quality control KW - Project planning KW - Monitoring KW - Administrative aspects KW - Data acquistions KW - Interagency relations KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental control KW - Governmental interrelations KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19039328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Quality+Assurance+Project+Plans+-+A+Key+to+Effective+Cooperative+Monitoring+Programs&rft.au=Brossman%2C+M+W%3BHoogheem%2C+T+J%3BSplinter%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Brossman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discharge Monitoring Report Quality Assurance Results and Follow-Up by Region VIII U.S. Environmental Protection Agency AN - 19037360; 8811173 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a national quality assurance program known as the Discharge Monitoring Report Quality Assurance Program (DMRQA). Facilities holding permits under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPEDES) have been sent two sets of audit samples to analyze for permit-required parameters. EPA Region VIII permittees have performed on the average better than other permittees participating nationally in DMRQA Studies One and Two. Follow-up on DMRQA Study One included phone calls, letters, and inspections. Permittee performance in Study Two has improved as a result of Study One follow-up activities. Study Two follow-up will be more extensive than Study One and is currently underway. (See also W88-11158) (Author 's abstract) JF - Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA. 1985. p 242-249, 3 tab, 4 ref. AU - Campbell, CL AU - Hillman, J J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Denver, CO. Region VIII Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Quality control KW - Water analysis KW - Monitoring KW - Water quality control KW - Inspection KW - Legal aspects KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Permits KW - Administrative regulations KW - Administrative agencies KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19037360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Discharge+Monitoring+Report+Quality+Assurance+Results+and+Follow-Up+by+Region+VIII+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.au=Campbell%2C+CL%3BHillman%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA 's Groundwater Protection Strategy AN - 19032043; 8705249 AB - The EPA Ground-Water Protection Strategy (GWPS) provides a method for EPA to coordinate groundwater protecion efforts under its various programs and to assist states in groundwater programs development. The states have the fundamental responsibility for the protection and management of groundwater. EPA, on the other hand, has the responsibility for regulating specific contaminants and sources of contamination. This EPA GWPS does not address groundwater quantity and allocation, as these are outside the province of EPA. The GWPS guidelines are intended to provide a framework for the decisions that EPA and the states will make in implementing EPA programs. As such, beyond complying with the statutory and regulatory responsibilities under EPA programs, each state 's participation in planning and achieving the GWPS goals is voluntary. (See also W87-05219) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Issues in Groundwater Management, Water Resources Symposium Twelve, Center for Research in Water Resources, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin Texas. 1985. p 489-495, 4 ref. AU - Allen, E P AD - Environmental Protection Agency Dallas, TX. Region VI Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Standards KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - Water quality control KW - Groundwater management KW - Groundwater quality KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19032043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA+%27s+Groundwater+Protection+Strategy&rft.au=Allen%2C+E+P&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of the National Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) Quality Assurance (QA) Program AN - 19029157; 8811168 AB - As mandated by the Clean Water Act, wastewater treatment facilities are regulated under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). Direct discharges have unique NPDES permit with discharge limits and a self-monitoring requirement. The effectiveness of the NPDES Program hinges on the quality of the self-monitoring data. The DMR QA Program evaluates the data quality from the NPDES permittees. Since 1978, the Program has helped to assure the data quality of DMRs. Under this Program, all major permittees are annually sent performance samples, to be analyzed and reported the same way as required in the permits. The results of these permittee tests are compared with an established range of acceptance for each test parameter by EPA to identify potential problems with analytical or reporting procedures. EPA/State then follow-up through correspondence or on-site visits with permittees to resolve the problems. As an overview, the history, authority procedures, use of data, and implementation issues are reviewed. (See also W88-11158) (Author 's abstract) JF - Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia PA. 1985. p 189-199, 4 tab, 7 ref. AU - Polvi, G R AU - To, Y S AU - Lim, E C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Water Enforcement and Permits Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Laboratories KW - Statistical analysis KW - Quality control KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Monitoring KW - Water quality control KW - Water analysis KW - Permits KW - Investigations KW - Legal aspects KW - Administrative regulations KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19029157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+National+Discharge+Monitoring+Report+%28DMR%29+Quality+Assurance+%28QA%29+Program&rft.au=Polvi%2C+G+R%3BTo%2C+Y+S%3BLim%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Polvi&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulation of Contaminants In Drinking Water AN - 19027930; 8709128 AB - The public needs to feel confident that their drinking water is safe. The activities being conducted by the EPA to ensure safe drinking water are reviewed. Interim drinking water regulations in the United States involve approximately 40 substances. They include the traditional biological contaminants, coliforms and turbidity; a spectrum of inorganic contaminants that are still most frequently found in drinking water from various sources; six organic pesticides; radionuclides, and trihalomethanes. Phase I regulations deal with volatile synthetic organics. Phase II regulations are concerned with organic compounds and pesticides, inorganic chemicals, and microbials. Phase IIA regulations take into account fluoride. Phase III regulations deal with radionuclides. Phase IV regulations consider disinfection by-products, especially trihalomethanes. Three areas need to be emphasized in providing safe drinking water: preventing contamination of drinking water sources; providing treatment when it is needed, that is tailored to the type of contamination; and monitoring to determine what is in the water so that action may be taken to deal with contaminants. (See also W87-09114) (Geiger-PTT) JF - Safe Drinking Water: The Impact of Chemicals on a Limited Resource. Lewis Publishers, Chelsea Michigan. 1985. p 183-195, 10 tab. AU - Cotruvo, JA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Water quality control KW - Water quality standards KW - Water pollution control KW - Regulations KW - Organic compounds KW - Inorganic compounds KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Disinfection KW - Water treatment KW - Coliforms KW - Turbidity KW - Public health KW - Viruses KW - Pesticides KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19027930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+Contaminants+In+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Cotruvo%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Cotruvo&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - European Network of Waste Exchanges AN - 19021811; 8707262 AB - Throughout most of western Europe there exists an efficiently operated network of waste exchanges which serve as an important element in promoting effective waste management in each country as well as among the countries participating in the system. A waste exchange can be defined simply as a clearinghouse of coordinating operation between buyers and sellers of industrial production residues which can be used again in the production cycle. The operation of these waste exchanges in Europe is viewed as a valid form of recycling; in addition they serve a number of other purposes as well. Included as secondary benefits are a potential savings of disposal costs, a saving of raw materials and above all a lessening of the amount of production materials which otherwise might end up as waste products requiring incineration or land disposal particularly for materials considered under law to be hazardous. The first exchange in Europe began operations in the Hague, Netherlands in 1969 under the sponsorship of the Dutch Chemical Association. Throughout the 1970 's many other waste exchanges appeared on the scene some of which were initiated by trade associations, technological or research institutes of chambers of commerce. The latter group, namely the chambers of commerce, serve as the most common operating umbrella in Europe as far as the number of operating waste exchanges is concerned. The national chambers in conjunction with local and regional chambers of commerce participate in exchange operations in Austria, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland. (See also W87-07243) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Management of Toxic and Hazardous Wastes, Lewis Publishers, Inc. , Chelsea Michigan. 1985. p 223-226. AU - Crepeau, TE AU - Beltz, PR AD - Ohio State Environmental Protection Agency Columbus Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Waste disposal KW - Waste exchange KW - Austria KW - Switzerland KW - Recycling KW - Italy KW - France KW - Germany KW - Waste management KW - Economic aspects KW - Costs analysis KW - Hazardous wastes KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19021811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=European+Network+of+Waste+Exchanges&rft.au=Crepeau%2C+TE%3BBeltz%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Crepeau&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preventing Ground Water Contamination from Underground Storage Tank Systems AN - 19018801; 8700059 AB - Due to economic and technological trends, and the automotive boom, industrial chemical and petro-chemical manufacturing increased in the 1950 's through 1980's. At most plants and small service stations, the majority of tanks used to store various products, reagents and by-products were made of carbon steel. A small subgroup, including stainless steel, plastic, and fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), has been used increasingly in recent years. Estimates of the total number of underground storage tanks (chemical and petro-chemical) in the U.S. vary from 1.5 million to over 2.5 million. Estimates of the proportion of tanks that are leaking vary from 3% to as high as 25%. Many of these tanks, which are located below grade, have gone beyond their expected service life and if not leaking now, will be very soon. Leaking underground storage tanks have become a major national concern. In the case of chemical storage tanks, the recent explosion and lethal poisoning of over 2000 people in Bhopal, India was a direct result of leaking undergound chemical storage tanks. This paper provides a general discussion about the types of problems encountered in underground tank systems, considerations regarding a specific site for tank storage, and why this information is needed. Much of the information presented, here, concentrates on the need for monitoring wells for new and existing underground storage tank systems. The main emphasis is directed toward bringing environmental problems related to underground tank systems to the attention of the reader so that awareness, more than specific expertise, is heightened. As regulatory action is taken, more published and manufactured material will be available to assist in practically addressing the problems of underground storage system. (See also W87-00049) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the Association of Ground Water Scientists and Engineers: Western Regional Ground Water Conference January 15-16, 1985, Reno, Nevada. 1985. p 237-266, 9 fig, 1 tab , 13 ref. AU - Muillo, N J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Denver, CO. Region VIII Y1 - 1985/01// PY - 1985 DA - Jan 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Underground storage KW - Underground waste disposal KW - Leakage KW - Site selection KW - Chemical wastes KW - Public awareness KW - Water pollution control KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19018801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Preventing+Ground+Water+Contamination+from+Underground+Storage+Tank+Systems&rft.au=Muillo%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Muillo&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA 's Research Program on Health Effects of Wastewater Reuse for Potable Purposes AN - 19016792; 8708147 AB - Review of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency program on the health effects of wastewater reuse indicates that a broad range of research activities, which could directly or indirectly impact water reuse through groundwater recharge, has taken place. Much knowledge has been gained during the few years the federal program has been underway. Research on potable reuse was initiated in 1974 and the federal program funding averaged about $400,000 annually through 1978. Following the 1977 amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act, which called for special studies on the health implications involved in the reclamation, recycling, and reuse of wastewaters for drinking, funds for reuse research increased. However, the separate program on wastewater reuse was discontinued in 1981. Any activity in the future will be conducted as part of the regular drinking water base research program. (See also W87-08137) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Artificial Recharge of Groundwater, Butterworth Publishers, Boston Massachusetts. 1985. p 319-328, 31 ref. AU - Pahren, H R AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Public health KW - Water reuse KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Groundwater recharge KW - Research needs KW - Potable water KW - Legislation KW - Drinking water KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19016792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA+%27s+Research+Program+on+Health+Effects+of+Wastewater+Reuse+for+Potable+Purposes&rft.au=Pahren%2C+H+R&rft.aulast=Pahren&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Study of the Reliability of Daphnia Acute Toxicity Tests AN - 19016296; 8701294 AB - Acute toxicity tests using Daphnia magna or D. pulex have been employed for many years to determine the toxicity of effluents and toxic substances. However, the many factors that may affect the results of such tests have received little attention. Sequential, repetitive tests were conducted with the reference toxicants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium pentachlorophenate (PCP), and cadmium (Cd) to determine the single laboratory precision of acute 48-yr toxicity tests using D. magna and D. pulex, and the effects of feeding on toxicity. The sensitivity of Daphnia and pH shock was also examined. Control survival was 90% or better in 84% of the tests, and 80% or better in 89% of the tests. Survival of controls in tests where the organisms were fed was slightly higher than when they were not fed. The precision of the method, expressed as the relative standard deviation (percent coefficient of variation or CV) of the 48-hr LC50, for each reference toxicant, SDS, PCP, and Cd, was 43.8, 35.7, and 20.9% for D. pulex and 28.9, 10.4, and 72.4% for D. magna, respectively. No statistically significant differences (P=0.05) were observed in 48-hr LC50 values obtained from paired tests with fed and unfed D. pulex exposed to PCP or Cd, or with D. magna exposed to SDS. However, the 48-hr LC50 values were significantly different for fed and unfed D. magna exposed to PCP or Cd. D. pulex and D. magna were equally sensitive to SDS and PCP, but D. magna was significantly more sensitive to Cd than D. pulex even though D. magna was tested in water of much greater hardness. Sudden changes in pH of not more than two pH units in the range of pH 5 to 9 resulted in no mortality over a six-day period. (Author 's abstract) JF - Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Seventh Symposium ASTM STP 854, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1985, p 73-86. 1 fig, 4 tab, 29 ref. AU - Lewis, P A AU - Weber, C I AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Aquatic Biology Section Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Daphnia KW - Toxicity KW - Bioindicators KW - Bioassay KW - Organic compounds KW - Hydrogen ion concentration KW - Water pollution effects KW - Diets KW - Cadmium KW - Sulfates KW - Feeding rates KW - Hazardous materials KW - Testing procedures KW - Ecological effects KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19016296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Study+of+the+Reliability+of+Daphnia+Acute+Toxicity+Tests&rft.au=Lewis%2C+P+A%3BWeber%2C+C+I&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Municipal Wastewater: Treatment and Reclaimed Water Characteristics AN - 19013432; 8707664 AB - Although irrigation with wastewater is in itself an effective form of wastewater treatment (such as in slow-rate land treatment), some degree of treatment must be provided to untreated municipal wastewater before it can be used for agricultural or landscape irrigation. The degree of preapplication treatment is an important factor in the planning, design, and management of wastewater irrigation systems. The purpose of this chapter is to describe briefly: (a) the principal processes used to achieve the various degrees of preapplication treatment; and (b) the quality of the effluents produced. The information provided is intended primarily for those not familiar with municipal wastewater treatment or the characteristics of wastewater before and after treatment. (See also W87-07662) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Irrigation With Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater - A Guidance Manual, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea Michigan. 1985. p 2-1 to 2-26, 1 fig, 8 tab, 15 ref. AU - Asano, T AU - Smith, R G AU - Tchobanoglous, G AD - California State Water Resources Control Board Sacramento. Office of Water Recycling Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Impaired water use KW - Municipal wastewater KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Reclaimed water KW - Wastewater irrigation KW - Water reuse KW - Irrigation practices KW - Pretreatment of water KW - Water quality KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19013432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Municipal+Wastewater%3A+Treatment+and+Reclaimed+Water+Characteristics&rft.au=Asano%2C+T%3BSmith%2C+R+G%3BTchobanoglous%2C+G&rft.aulast=Asano&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurence of Contamination In Drinking Water From Groundwater Sources AN - 19010870; 8709125 AB - An estimated 45,000 public groundwater supplies serve more than 100 million people for drinking water purposes in the United States. More than 11 million private wells provide drinking water to an additional 25-30 million residents, mainly in rural areas. Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, the EPA has the authority to establish national standards in the form of maximum contaminant levels (MCLs). About 4,500 groundwater supplies have been reported to exceed the microbiological MCL. Between 1,500 and 3,000 groundwater supplies are in violation of the MCLs for the inorganics including the metals. The major concern with groundwater sources of drinking water is the occurrence of volatile organic chemicals (VOCs). Estimates of the national occurrence of VOCs have been developed from six national surveys conducted over the last several years. In general, the frequency of occurrence of VOC contamination is much greater among larger supplies, although in absolute numbers, more small supplies are expected to be contaminated. Although the data suggest that fewer than 5% of the nation 's groundwater supplies have detectable levels of any one specific VOC, an analysis of the data from about 500 randomly selected samples of the Groundwater Supply Survey (GWSS) indicated that 21.2% of the nation 's supplies may have at least one VOC present at detectable levels, and that 5.6% have three or more present. A non-random selection of sample sites taken in the GWSS indicated a higher frequency of occurrence (27%) and much higher concentrations. The distribution of organics in drinking water is directly related to use patterns of the specific chemicals. EPA will be analyzing all of these occurrence predictors in order to develop monitoring strategies that can effectively identify and quantify groundwater contamination, and will propose these strategies as part of the pending VOC proposal and the anticipated Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for the revision of the National Interim Primary Drinking Water standards. (See also W87-09114) (Geiger-PTT) JF - Safe Drinking Water: The Impact of Chemicals on a Limited Resource. Lewis Publishers, Chelsea Michigan. 1985. p 161-166, 5 tab. AU - Hanson, H F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Groundwater KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Organic compounds KW - Water pollution sources KW - Water quality control KW - Groundwater management KW - Monitoring KW - Water quality standards KW - Public health KW - Pesticides KW - Inorganic compounds KW - Water supply KW - Turbidity KW - Coliforms KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19010870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Occurence+of+Contamination+In+Drinking+Water+From+Groundwater+Sources&rft.au=Hanson%2C+H+F&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA 's Land Disposal Regulations - Waste Disposal Industry 's Perspective AN - 19007049; 8707266 AB - The Institute of Chemical Waste Management includes those member firms of the National Solid Wastes Management Association that are active in storage, treatment and disposal of hazardous and other industrial wastes. The member companies are active in all aspects of hazardous waste management. These methods include treatment (e.g., solidification), recovery, incineration, and deep well injection. Like everyone else committed to recovery and treatment, all of the members are dependent on land disposal for management of those wastes that are not economically or technically feasible to treat. Treatment processes themselves often result in residues, often hazardous if to a lesser degree than the original waste itself, that must be disposed of in the land. Even the most committed advocates of treatment rely on land disposal and several treatment oriented companies actually own and operate land disposal facilities as part of their waste management system. The waste service industry is committed to a program of strict environmental regulation for the land disposal of hazardous wastes. The EPA program which is aimed at limiting the amounts of liquids destined for land disposal is right on target and deserves public and congressional support. Although there have been some technical problems with the regulations as written, the association is ready to work with any group or agency to assure that hazardous waste is well managed now and in the future. (See also W87-07243) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Management of Toxic and Hazardous Wastes, Lewis Publishers, Inc. , Chelsea Michigan. 1985. p 283-287. AU - Rubenstein, R AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Land disposal KW - Regulations KW - Waste disposal KW - Industrial waste KW - Waste management KW - Hazardous wastes KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19007049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=EPA+%27s+Land+Disposal+Regulations+-+Waste+Disposal+Industry+%27s+Perspective&rft.au=Rubenstein%2C+R&rft.aulast=Rubenstein&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drinking Water Supply Management: An Interactive Approach AN - 19005821; 8605575 AB - In February 1977, a massive discharge of carbon tetrachloride into the Kanawha River in West Virginia threatened much of the Ohio River valley and contaminated drinking water potentially affecting over 1 million consumers. This episode heightened the awareness of consumers and decision-makers alike to the relationship between wastewater discharges and drinking water consumption. This article examines the results of a study motivated by the carbon tetrachloride spill and examines interactions between industrial discharges and drinking water supplies. The mechanism used to study the wastewater discharge-water supply intake interaction was the water quality/quantity simulation model QUAL-II. This model was used to provide a framework to bring together the diverse elements of mathematical modeling, fluid dynamics, organic chemistry, and geography to create an interactive systems analysis approach that can have an impact on public policy on drinking water. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Environmental Systems Vol. 15, No. 1, p 1-18, 1985-86. 6 fig, 9 tab, 7 ref. AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Clark, R M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Water Engineering Research Lab Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water quality control KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - Policy making KW - Drinking water KW - Interactive systems analysis KW - QUAL-II model KW - Industrial wastes KW - Contamination KW - Mathematical model KW - Organic chemistry KW - Fluid dynamics KW - Kanawha River KW - West Virginia KW - Ohio River KW - Geography KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19005821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Drinking+Water+Supply+Management%3A+An+Interactive+Approach&rft.au=Goodrich%2C+JA%3BClark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Goodrich&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground Water Assessments Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act AN - 19005583; 8700058 AB - Groundwater contamination is one of the major environmental issues of the 1980's. Agencies at all levels of government, as well as industry and environmental groups, have focused their attention on this vital resource. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulatory policies and the process of determining the extent of groundwater contamination present at hazardous waste disposal sites regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 265 were the focus of discussion. After a brief regulatory overview, strategies for meeting the Part 265 requirements were discussed. Three major categories of information are necessary for the regulatory agency to review the assessment plan adequately. The first is facility waste information which includes the limits of the waste management area, locations and history of waste implacement, the physical and chemical characterization of the waste material, as-built drawing of waste containment units, and finally the as-built design of any man-made structures which would change the hydrologic conditions at the site. The second is information pertaining to the hydrogeologic units, their hydrologic properties, and their chemical properties. The third category would be details on how the rate and extent of contamination was determined and information on all field methods used to collect data, well design and construction techniques, sampling, analytical procedures, and quality assurance techniques. (See also W87-00049) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the Association of Ground Water Scientists and Engineers: Western Regional Ground Water Conference January 15-16, 1985, Reno, Nevada. 1985. p 227-236, 12 ref. AU - Shosky, D J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Denver, CO. Region VIII Y1 - 1985/01// PY - 1985 DA - Jan 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater assessment KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Groundwater management KW - Waste management KW - Hydrogeology KW - Hydrologic properties KW - Groundwater quality KW - Legislation KW - Legal aspects KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19005583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Ground+Water+Assessments+Under+the+Resource+Conservation+and+Recovery+Act&rft.au=Shosky%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Shosky&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New Medium for the Enumeration and Subculture of Bacteria from Potable Water AN - 18973908; 8504255 AB - Plate count agar is presently the recommended medium for the standard bacterial plate count (35 C, 48-h incubation) of water and wastewater. However, plate count agar does not permit the growth of many bacteria that may be present in treated potable water supplies. A new medium was developed for use in heterotrophic plate count analyses and for subculture of bacteria isolated from potable water samples. The new medium, designated R2A, contains 0.5 g of yeast extract, 0.5 g of Difco Proteose Peptone no. 3 (Difco Laboratories), 0.5 g of Casamino Acids (Difco), 0.5 g of glucose, 0.5 g of soluble starch, 0.3 g of K2HPO4, 0.05 g of MgSO4 . 7H2O, 0.3 g of sodium pyruvate, and 15 g of agar per liter of laboratory quality. Adjust the pH to 7.2 with crystalline K2HPO4 or KH2PO4 and sterilize at 121 C for 15 min. Results from parallel studies with spread, membrane filter, and pour plate procedures showed that R2A medium yielded significantly higher bacterial counts than did plate count agar. Studies of the effect of incubation temperature showed that the magnitude of the count was inversely proportional to the incubation temperature. Longer incubation time, up to 14 days, yielded higher counts and increased detection of pigmented bacteria. Maximum bacterial counts were obtained after incubation at 20 C for 14 days. As a tool to monitor heterotrophic bacterial populations in water treatment processes and in treated distribution water, R2A spread or membrane filter plates incubated at 28 C for 5 to 7 days is recommended. These conditions provide adequate time for pigment development and for growth of slow-growing bacteria. For isolation and subculture of aquatic bacteria which would not grow on subculture to fresh plate count agar, a modified R2A medium (essentially double strength) designated R3A was found to be very useful. R2A medium has also been used to enumerate bacteria associated with granular activated carbon and in effluents from granular activated carbon water treatment filters. (Author 's abstract) JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 49, No. 1, p 1-7, January, 1985. 3 Fig, 5 Tab, 13 Ref. AU - Reasoner, D J AU - Geldreich, EE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1985/01// PY - 1985 DA - Jan 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Potable water KW - Bacterial analysis KW - Culture media KW - Water analysis KW - R2A medium KW - Water treatment KW - Incubation KW - Temperature effects KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18973908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=New+Medium+for+the+Enumeration+and+Subculture+of+Bacteria+from+Potable+Water&rft.au=Reasoner%2C+D+J%3BGeldreich%2C+EE&rft.aulast=Reasoner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonpoint Sources of Water Pollution AN - 18971307; 8505940 AB - Among the important sources of nonpoint pollutants nationally are agricultural, mining, urban, construction, and silvicultural sources. As is the case with most types of nonpoint source pollution, agricultural nonpoint source pollution relates directly to the way in which land is used. Sediment from cropland is a major potential cause of water pollution. Even so, agricultural pollution reduction is achievable. Substantial water quality benefits can be achieved by carefully targeting resources to land areas and activities that are the source of agriculturally generated pollution problems. In the field of mining, each mineral has its own set of nonpoint source problems. Mining nonpoint sources include discharges from inactive mining operations as well as runoff from inactive road networks and old tailings and spoil piles. Urban nonpoint sources include rainwater running off roofs, lawns, streets, industrial sites, and other areas. On a national basis, the nonpoint source water pollution resulting from construction activities is not nearly as great as that caused by other major nonpoint sources. Where construction activities are intensive, the localized impacts on water quality may be severe because of the high unit loads involved. Highway construction and other heavy development account for most of this type of nonpoint source. Forestry management activities, which are of a local nature, can be a real problem where they are part of the industry of the region. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Vol. 40, No. 1, p 14-18, January-February, 1985. 1 Tab, 11 Ref. AU - Myers, C F AU - Meek, J AU - Tuller, S AU - Weinberg, A AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Nonpoint Sources Branch Y1 - 1985/01// PY - 1985 DA - Jan 1985 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Nonpoint pollution sources KW - Reviews KW - Highways KW - Construction KW - Farming KW - Mining KW - Forestry KW - Agriculture KW - Pesticides KW - Urban runoff KW - Water pollution sources KW - Land use KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18971307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Nonpoint+Sources+of+Water+Pollution&rft.au=Myers%2C+C+F%3BMeek%2C+J%3BTuller%2C+S%3BWeinberg%2C+A&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring study of urinary metabolites and selected symptomatology among Florida citrus workers. AN - 14718557; 1584296 AB - A cross-sectional monitoring study was made of citrus fieldworkers employed during an entire citrus growing season in Florida. A survey questionnaire was administered to 1811 fieldworkers employed as applicators, mixers, loaders, tractor drivers, general combination workers, and pickers on 436 citrus groves throughout Florida. The study was designed to evaluate exposure to organophosphorus pesticides by analyzing the urine of citrus fieldworkers for dimethyl phosphate (DMP), dimethyl thiophosphate (DMTP), dimethyl dithiophosphate (DMDTP), diethyl phosphate (DEP), diethyl thiophosphate (DEPT), and diethyl dithiophosphate (DEDTP), and to relate the findings to the reported occurrence of selected health symptoms associated with pesticide intoxication. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Duncan, R C AU - Griffith, J AD - U.S. EPA, Health Eff. Res. Lab. (MD-55A), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 509 EP - 521 VL - 16 IS - 3-4 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - exposure KW - metabolites KW - symptoms KW - pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - man KW - organophosphorus compounds KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - urine KW - X 24133:Metabolism KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14718557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Monitoring+study+of+urinary+metabolites+and+selected+symptomatology+among+Florida+citrus+workers.&rft.au=Duncan%2C+R+C%3BGriffith%2C+J&rft.aulast=Duncan&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - urine; toxicity; organophosphorus compounds; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide poisonings reported by Florida citrus fieldworkers. AN - 14678469; 1546252 AB - In a 1981 survey of 1811 Florida citrus fieldworkers, 25 pesticide related poisoning incidents involving 29 fieldworkers were reported. Suspected poisonings were categorized into possible and confirmed poisonings, and from these reports it was possible to project an estimated 438 possible poisonings, and 73 confirmed poisonings among all citrus fieldworkers. Confirmed pesticide poisonings were developed into an incidence rate of 34 poisonings per 10,000 permanent and semi-permanent fieldworkers. The number of possible and confirmed poisonings, for all field-workers, was then developed into an incidence rate f 160 poisonings per 10,000 fieldworkers. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes AU - Griffith, J AU - Duncan, R C AU - Konefal, J AD - U.S. EPA, Health Eff. Res. Lab., MD-55A, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 701 EP - 727 VL - 20B IS - 6 SN - 0360-1234, 0360-1234 KW - workers KW - man KW - occupational health KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - USA, Florida KW - agriculture KW - toxicology KW - Florida KW - poisoning KW - pesticides KW - occupational exposure KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14678469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.atitle=Pesticide+poisonings+reported+by+Florida+citrus+fieldworkers.&rft.au=Griffith%2C+J%3BDuncan%2C+R+C%3BKonefal%2C+J&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=20B&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.issn=03601234&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Florida; USA, Florida; pesticides; poisoning; occupational exposure; occupational health; toxicology; agriculture; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Peat analysis for coastal wetland enforcement cases. AN - 14592083; 1471326 AB - This paper presents a step-by-step description of peat analysis, a technique for determining whether wetlands have been filled. Vertical core samples from suspected buried wetland profiles are analyzed with the aid of a peat key, a root-rhizome reference collection, and control samples. The technique not only potentially reinforces aerial photographic interpretations, but also appears to have probative value in itself for demonstrating the presence of filled, former wetlands. It has been applied to brackish marshes and saltmarshes in five coastal wetland enforcement cases in Maryland and Virginia, all involving litigation in which substantial penalties were levied against the defendants. JF - Wetlands AU - Sipple, W S AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Fed. Act., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 147 EP - 154 VL - 5 SN - 0277-5212, 0277-5212 KW - analysis KW - core analysis KW - environmental degradation KW - human impact KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - peat KW - wetlands KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - D 04001:Methodology - general KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q1:08142 KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation KW - O 3090:Instruments/Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14592083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands&rft.atitle=Peat+analysis+for+coastal+wetland+enforcement+cases.&rft.au=Sipple%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Sipple&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands&rft.issn=02775212&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - peat; wetlands; core analysis; human impact; environmental degradation; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of organic chemicals on growth and reproduction in the marine red alga Champia parvula . AN - 14585345; 1465680 AB - A previously developed static-renewal toxicity test was used to test the effect of 10 organic chemicals on the growth and reproduction of the marine red alga Champia parvula (C. Agardh) Harvey. The test measured vegetative growth, formation of tetrasporangia (site of meiosis-asexual spore production) and production of cystocarps (evidence of sexual reproduction). The procedure was used to test the effects of one ketone (isophorone), two volatile hydrocarbons (benzene and naphthalene), three phenols (phenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol) and four chlorinated hydrocarbons (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, endosulfan, pentachloroethane and toxaphene). The results of these tests indicate that the Champia test is often as sensitive or more so than the most sensitive aquatic animal test and is almost always more sensitive than microalgae tests, demonstrating the importance of conducting chronic tests with the previously overlooked macroalgae. The test is easily conducted, sensitive and reproducible. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Thursby, G B AU - Steele, R L AU - Kane, ME AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 797 EP - 805 VL - 4 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - asexual reproduction KW - bioindicators KW - chemical pollutants KW - pollution indicators KW - sexual reproduction KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - chemical pollution KW - reproduction KW - organic compounds KW - Champia parvula KW - pollution effects KW - growth KW - K 03099:Pollution KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14585345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effect+of+organic+chemicals+on+growth+and+reproduction+in+the+marine+red+alga+Champia+parvula+.&rft.au=Thursby%2C+G+B%3BSteele%2C+R+L%3BKane%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Thursby&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=797&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollutants; chemical pollution; organic compounds; pollution indicators; pollution effects; reproduction; growth; bioindicators; Champia parvula; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and chronic effects of heavy metals and cyanide on Mysidopsis bahia (Crustacea: Mysidacea). AN - 14555628; 1441290 AB - Acute and whole life-cycle toxicity tests were conducted with the estuarine mysid shrimp, Mysidopsis bahia , exposed to cyanide and selected heavy metals. Acute toxicity values (96 h LC sub(50)) ranged from 3.5 mu g/l for mercury to 3130 mu g/l for lead, and were ranked in order of toxicity: HG > Cd > Cu > Cn > Ag > Zn > Ni > As > Cr > Pb. The chronic toxicity values ranged from 1.2 mu g/l for mercury to 892 mu g/l for arsenic. Chronic values were calculated from either survival, time to first reproducton, or number of young produced. When acute toxicity data for the same chemical are compared, M. bahia is consistently among the more sensitive marine species. Examination of the relative sensitivity of the chronic responses indicates that only for cadmium was survival more sensitive than reproduction. Reproduction and survival were equally sensitive for mercury, zinc, nickel and arsenic, while reproduction was the most sensitive chronic response for the remaining four metals. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Lussier, S M AU - Gentile, J H AU - Walker, J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., South Ferry Rd., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 25 EP - 35 VL - 7 IS - 1-2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - cyanide KW - cyanides KW - effects on KW - heavy metals KW - sublethal effects KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Mysidopsis bahia KW - Brackish KW - estuaries KW - toxicity KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14555628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+and+chronic+effects+of+heavy+metals+and+cyanide+on+Mysidopsis+bahia+%28Crustacea%3A+Mysidacea%29.&rft.au=Lussier%2C+S+M%3BGentile%2C+J+H%3BWalker%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lussier&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; toxicity; sublethal effects; toxicity tests; cyanides; heavy metals; cyanide; Mysidopsis bahia; Brackish ER - TY - CONF T1 - Origins of carbonaceous aerosol in Denver and Albuquerque during winter. AN - 14495134; 1410206 AB - Ambient aerosol measurements in wintertime Denver and Albuquerque show that volatile and elemental carbon constitute more than one-half of the observed total fine particle mass. A multiple linear regression method has been used to estimate the contribution to these carbonaceous materials made by mobile sources and wood smoke. In both cities, the wood smoke contribution is much greater at night, and is much greater in Albuquerque than in Denver. The greater impact in Albuquerque is presumably due, at least partially, to the more residential character of the sampling site. JF - Environment International AU - Lewis, C W AU - Einfeld, W Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 243 EP - 247 VL - 11 IS - 2-4 KW - monitoring measurements KW - Colorado, Denver KW - New Mexico, Albuquerque KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - wood KW - carbon KW - aerosols KW - smoke KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14495134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Origins+of+carbonaceous+aerosol+in+Denver+and+Albuquerque+during+winter.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+C+W%3BEinfeld%2C+W&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Sampling and analysis methods for use in source apportionment studies to determine impact of wood burning on fine particle mass. AN - 14493842; 1410240 AB - Aerosol sampling and analysis procedures are described which may be used to obtain ambient air measurements for input into source apportionment studies to estimate the impact of wood burning on ambient particulate loadings. Ambient wintertime fine particle compositions in Denver, CO, and Albuquerque, NM, are used as examples for receptor model calculations. JF - Environment International AU - Stevens, R K Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 271 EP - 283 VL - 11 IS - 2-4 KW - Colorado, Denver KW - New Mexico, Albuquerque KW - monitoring measurements KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - aerosols KW - particulates KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14493842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Sampling+and+analysis+methods+for+use+in+source+apportionment+studies+to+determine+impact+of+wood+burning+on+fine+particle+mass.&rft.au=Stevens%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Highway motor vehicles as sources of atmospheric particles: Projected trends 1977 to 2000. AN - 14493686; 1410184 AB - Highway motor vehicle emissions contribute to the total atmospheric particulate matter burden. The possible health and welfare effects of these emissions depend upon their composition and concentration in the atmosphere, the exposure of man and materials, and in some instances the length of time of the exposure. The characteristics of long-term national and mesoscale (citywide) exposures and short-term localized (congested freeway, city street canyon) exposures to mobile source particles were examined for 1977 and 1988, and estimated for 2000. Because of interest in the possible impact of passenger car dieselization on atmospheric particle concentrations, three degrees of diesel penetration (5%, 10% and 20% of light-duty sales by 2000) were examined with and without an assumed scenario of particulate matter emissions regulation. Generally, urban concentrations occurred in suburban areas and higher concentrations occurred in city central core areas. JF - Environment International AU - Black, F AU - Braddock, J AU - Bradow, R AU - Ingalls, M Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 205 EP - 233 VL - 11 IS - 2-4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - atmosphere KW - particulates KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14493686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Highway+motor+vehicles+as+sources+of+atmospheric+particles%3A+Projected+trends+1977+to+2000.&rft.au=Black%2C+F%3BBraddock%2C+J%3BBradow%2C+R%3BIngalls%2C+M&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - A rat tracheal cell culture transformation system for assessment of environmental agents as carcinogens and promoters. AN - 14493487; 1410385 AB - A tracheal cell culture system which can be used for detection of hazardous environmental agents is described. The culture system makes us of primary tracheal cells that are isolated from rats by protease digestion of the tracheal epithelium. The epithelial cells are plated on a film of collagen or onto a layer of gamma-ray-or mitomicin-C-inactivated mouse 3T3 cells. One day after the rat tracheal cells are plated they are exposed to toxicants, and the effect on colony formation is tabulated after 1 week. By altering the culture conditions it has become possible to construct an assay for carcinogen-induced transformation of rat tracheal cells, which takes advantage of the observation that normal rat tracheal cells have a finite lifetime in culture. Rat tracheal cell transformants are visualized as discrete colonies of proliferating epithelial cells that arise and survive after the normal population has died out. Their number is proportional to concentration of carcinogen to which the cells were initially exposed. Agents that have been shown to induce tracheal cell transformation in culture include polycyclic hydrocarbons, metal salts, nitroso compounds, and cigarette smoke condensate. JF - Environment International AU - Steele, V E AU - Mass, MJ Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 323 EP - 329 VL - 11 IS - 2-4 KW - rats KW - air pollutants KW - cell culture KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - carcinogens KW - carcinogenesis KW - cytology KW - toxicants KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14493487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=A+rat+tracheal+cell+culture+transformation+system+for+assessment+of+environmental+agents+as+carcinogens+and+promoters.&rft.au=Steele%2C+V+E%3BMass%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Concepts of human exposure assessment for airborne particulate matter. AN - 14493432; 1410606 AB - This paper discusses how human exposures to airborne particulate matter can be determined from personal monitoring and estimated by ambient monitoring and microenvironmental monitoring. The utility of each approach is discussed, and examples are given of applications to assessments of human exposures for purposes of relating these exposures either to measures of health or risk assessments of these exposures. JF - Environment International AU - Mage, D T Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 407 EP - 412 VL - 11 IS - 2-4 KW - particulates KW - air pollutants KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - particulate pollution KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14493432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Concepts+of+human+exposure+assessment+for+airborne+particulate+matter.&rft.au=Mage%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Mage&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - A human exposure assessment study using personal monitoring of carbon monoxide--direct and indirect methods. AN - 14493413; 1410629 AB - Data obtained from fixed site monitors have been used and were considered adequate to estimate the populations exposure to pollutants. Thus, residential exposure was based on the likely occurrence of a pollutant when residential demographic data were merged with pollutant concentrations observed at the nearest fixed site. The recent development of personal exposure monitors (PEMs) have made available the opportunity to measure a person's total exposure in both the ambient and indoor air. This paper introduces two approaches to determine exposure and describes experimental data obtained during application of these approaches to a pollutant, carbon monoxide. One is the direct approach in which a representative sample of the population is selected and sampling is conducted using a PEM. The indirect approach is the combination of collected field data from activity patterns and measured concentration levels within microenvironments. The conclusions combine statistical survey design techniques and PEM concentration data to produce an exposure profile for a representative population. JF - Environment International AU - Jungers, R H AU - Akland, G G AU - Sauls, H B Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 413 EP - 418 VL - 11 IS - 2-4 KW - carbon monoxide KW - monitoring methods KW - air sampling KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - statistical analysis KW - surveys KW - public health KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14493413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=A+human+exposure+assessment+study+using+personal+monitoring+of+carbon+monoxide--direct+and+indirect+methods.&rft.au=Jungers%2C+R+H%3BAkland%2C+G+G%3BSauls%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Jungers&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Assessment of bacterial mutagenicity methods for volatile and semivolatile compounds and mixtures. AN - 14493382; 1410528 AB - Extensive effort has been given to identifying and quantitating the organic genotoxins associated with airborne particles; however, little is known about the mutagenicity of vapors and gases, especially those associated with ambient air samples. This overview of the literature and recent U.S. Environmental Protection efforts examines some of the critical aspects associated with the bacterial mutagenicity testing of gases and vapors. For example, the sensitivity of the test system depends upon the method of exposure (preincubation, gases over plates, liquid suspension, etc.); and the method of choice appears to depend upon vapor pressure and the solubility of the compound under investigation. Also, the selection of test chamber and other materials is important, since plastic petri dishes have been shown to absorb up to 85% of any haloalkane vapors within an exposure chamber. Investigations have also shown the importance of exposure rates, method of gas mixing, role of metabolic activation systems, and the occurrence of photoactivation. In ambient studies, the identification and quantitation of volatile organic mutagens is quite difficult; however, due to their abundance these efforts are important. JF - Environment International AU - Claxton, L D Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 375 EP - 382 VL - 11 IS - 2-4 KW - methodology KW - air sampling KW - vapor KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - mutagens KW - gases KW - bacteria KW - bacteriology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14493382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+bacterial+mutagenicity+methods+for+volatile+and+semivolatile+compounds+and+mixtures.&rft.au=Claxton%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Claxton&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-4&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution and terrain aerodynamics: A review of fluid modeling studies at the EPA fluid modeling facility. AN - 14475755; 1373691 AB - Recent fluid modeling studies conducted at the EPA Fluid Modeling Facility of flow and diffusion in complex terrain are reviewed. Ratios of the maximum concentration on a hill surface to the maximum concentration in the absence of the hill are estimated. This ratio may be regarded as a terrain amplification factor and is a function of hill aspect ratio, hill slope, atmospheric stability, etc. For upwind sources, terrain amplification factors are typically 1 to 2 for neutral flow over two-dimensional hills and 2 to 4 for three-dimensional hills. Terrain amplification factors as large as 10 or 15 were found for low sources placed downwind of two-dimensional hills of moderate to large slope. For strongly stable flow over three-dimensional hills, it is more useful to compare maximum surface concentrations with those at the centerline of the plume in the absence of the hill. These concentrations have been shown to be essentially equal. JF - Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics AU - Thompson, R S AU - Snyder, W H AD - Meteorol. and Assess. Div., Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1 EP - 19 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6105, 0167-6105 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - atmosphere KW - meteorology KW - air pollution KW - fluid mechanics KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14475755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wind+Engineering+and+Industrial+Aerodynamics&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+and+terrain+aerodynamics%3A+A+review+of+fluid+modeling+studies+at+the+EPA+fluid+modeling+facility.&rft.au=Thompson%2C+R+S%3BSnyder%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wind+Engineering+and+Industrial+Aerodynamics&rft.issn=01676105&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fluid mechanics; air pollution; atmosphere; meteorology; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical parameterizations of diffusion: The convective boundary layer. AN - 14474124; 1381378 AB - A brief review is made of data bases which have been used for developing diffusion parameterizations for the convective boundary layer (CBL). A variety of parameterizations for lateral and vertical dispersion, sigma sub(y), and sigma sub(z), are surveyed; some of these include mechanical turbulence, source height, or buoyancy effects. Recommendations are made for choosing among these alternatives, depending on the type of source. Because observations of passive plumes indicate that the Gaussian model does a poor job of describing vertical diffusion in the CBL, alternative models for predicting dimensionless crosswind integrated ground concentration, C sub(y), are reviewed and compared. These include an analytical equation which closely approximates laboratory results; this equation can be applied to any source height > 0.04z sub(i), where z sub(i) is the mixing depth. An analysis of a limited amount of buoyant plume data indicates that a radically different approach is needed when the dimensionless buoyancy flux, F super(*), exceeds 0.1. Such plumes impinge of the "lid" of the mixing layer before ground impact occurs, and residual plume buoyancy causes enhanced lateral spreading under the lid; the observations indicate that sigma sub(y) approximates the x super(2/3) law at that applies to buoyant plume rise when F super(*) > 0.06. JF - J. CLIM. APPL. METEOROL. AU - Briggs, G A AD - Meteorol. and Assess. Div., Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab./EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1167 EP - 1186 VL - 24 IS - 11 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - diffusion KW - data bases KW - mathematical models KW - meteorology KW - boundary layers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14474124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+CLIM.+APPL.+METEOROL.&rft.atitle=Analytical+parameterizations+of+diffusion%3A+The+convective+boundary+layer.&rft.au=Briggs%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Briggs&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+CLIM.+APPL.+METEOROL.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data bases; diffusion; boundary layers; meteorology; mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new early life-stage toxicity test using the California grunion (Leuresthes tenuis ) and results with chlorpyrifos. AN - 14463045; 1365901 AB - California grunion (Leuresthes tenuis ) were continuously exposed as embryos and fry to technical chlorpyrifos in two toxicity tests conducted in the same exposure apparatus. The first test, a 35-day early life-stage (ELS) test, began with approximately 2.5-day-old embryos that were exposed in flow-through aquaria in darkness until hatching was stimulated on Day 9 of exposure. The second toxicity test, a fry test, began with newly hatched fry and lasted 26 days. Test water temperature ranged from 23 to 26 degree C and salinity from 24.5 to 34.0 ppt. Results of the two tests were similar, indicating that exposure of embryos added little to the overall toxicity of chlorpyrifos to grunions. Percentage hatch of embryos was unaffected by the chlorpyrifos concentrations tested. Fry survival was apparently reduced in nominal concentrations greater than or approximate to 1.0 mu g/liter in both tests, but significantly so in concentrations greater than or approximate to 1.0 mu g/liter in the ELS test and greater than or approximate to 2.0 mu g/liter in the fry test. JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety AU - Goodman, L R AU - Hansen, D J AU - Cripe, G M AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Sabine I., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 12 EP - 21 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - chlorpyrifos KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - insecticides KW - marine pollution KW - toxicity KW - Leuresthes tenuis KW - freshwater pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - H SE1.23:FAUNA AND FLORA ECOLOGY KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14463045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.atitle=A+new+early+life-stage+toxicity+test+using+the+California+grunion+%28Leuresthes+tenuis+%29+and+results+with+chlorpyrifos.&rft.au=Goodman%2C+L+R%3BHansen%2C+D+J%3BCripe%2C+G+M%3BMiddaugh%2C+D+P%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Goodman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; toxicity; marine pollution; freshwater pollution; toxicity tests; toxicity testing; Leuresthes tenuis; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of HCB as a metabolite from female rats treated daily for six days with lindane. AN - 14437872; 1354951 AB - The biotransformation of lindane to hexachlorobenzene (HCB) by male rats was recently reported. Since HCB has been widely detected in human milk samples, and since the transplacental transfer of HCB to the fetus has been demonstrated in several species, the metabolism of lindane to HCB in female rats was investigated. Young adult female Fischer 344 rats were dosed p.o. with either 20 mg lindane/kg/day or an equivalent volume of the peanut oil vehicle. Feces samples were collected daily for two consecutive 4-hr intervals and a 16-hr interval. Twenty-four hours after the final treatment, all rats were sacrificed and adipose tissue samples were excised at necropsy. Extracts of fat and feces samples were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) on column packings of different polarity. Results of this study indicated that no significant biotransformation of lindane to HCB occurred in the female Fischer 344 rat. JF - Journal of Analytical Toxicology AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Copeland, M F AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Cent., Health Eff. Res. Lab., Dev. Biol. Div., Perinatal Toxicol. Branch (MD-67), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 262 EP - 266 VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 0146-4760, 0146-4760 KW - metabolites KW - gas chromatography KW - liquid chromatography KW - determination KW - hexachlorobenzene KW - rats KW - lindane KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - X 24114:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14437872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Analytical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+HCB+as+a+metabolite+from+female+rats+treated+daily+for+six+days+with+lindane.&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+R+W%3BCopeland%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Analytical+Toxicology&rft.issn=01464760&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory experiments on mechanisms of competition and resource partitioning between Menidia menidia (L.) and Menidia beryllina (Cope) (Osteichthyes: Atherinidae). AN - 14437617; 1337518 AB - Postlarvae of two atherinid species, M. menidia (L.) and M. beryllina (Cope), were tested in two 14-day experiments at four densities of fish to determine effects of interspecific versus intraspecific competition for food. In one experiment, when M. menidia was slightly larger than M. beryllina (simulating a slightly earlier hatching time in nature) M. menidia exhibited a clear competitive advantage over M. beryllina , as demonstrated by covariance analysis of fish biomass change on fish density. In the second experiment, when M. beryllina was larger than M. menidia , neither species showed competitive advantage. The results suggest that M. menidia has an inherently superior ability to compete for food. Results of the experiment in which M. menidia was the larger species indicate the selective pressures which could have caused the two species to evolve spawning times approximately equals 1 month apart. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Bengtson, DA AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1 EP - 18 VL - 92 IS - 1 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - feeding behavior KW - resource partitioning KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Menidia beryllina KW - Marine KW - intraspecific relationships KW - interspecific relationships KW - Menidia menidia KW - competition KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14437617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Laboratory+experiments+on+mechanisms+of+competition+and+resource+partitioning+between+Menidia+menidia+%28L.%29+and+Menidia+beryllina+%28Cope%29+%28Osteichthyes%3A+Atherinidae%29.&rft.au=Bengtson%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Bengtson&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - interspecific relationships; intraspecific relationships; competition; resource partitioning; feeding behavior; Menidia beryllina; Menidia menidia; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Excised barley root uptake of several super(14)C labeled organic compounds. AN - 14436991; 1343802 AB - Many organic pollutants potentially are available for uptake by plants and thus bioaccumulation and food contamination. One method of studying uptake is with excised roots, a technique extensively used with plant nutrients. A similar method was developed and used to evaluate uptake patterns of several super(14)C-labeled organic chemicals. Uptake rate constants for the chemicals tested occurred in the following order: captan approximately equals phenol > aniline > ethanol approximately equals indole approximately equals trifluralin approximately equals propanil > 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) > nitrobenzene approximately equals atrazine > bromacil > simazine > monuron. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - McFarlane, C AU - Wickliff, C AD - Toxic and Pestic. Branch, Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 385 EP - 392 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - aniline KW - indole KW - propanil KW - 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene KW - nitrobenzene KW - bromacil KW - simazine KW - monuron KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - chemical analysis KW - plants KW - bioaccumulation KW - nutrients KW - ethanol KW - organic compounds KW - atrazine KW - trifluralin KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14436991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Excised+barley+root+uptake+of+several+super%2814%29C+labeled+organic+compounds.&rft.au=McFarlane%2C+C%3BWickliff%2C+C&rft.aulast=McFarlane&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; plants; bioaccumulation; chemical analysis; nutrients; ethanol; trifluralin; atrazine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransformation rates of the butoxyethyl ester of 2,4-D by bottom and surface aufwuchs. AN - 14436169; 1343727 AB - An experiment was conducted to investigate the variability in biotransformation rate coefficients of a xenobiotic, the butoxyethyl ester of 2,4-D, in natural waters between aufwuchs grown on Teflon strips located on the bottom and at the water surface of a pond and a river. The colonized strips and the natural waters were transported to the laboratory where the biotransformation studies were done under controlled conditions. Statistical analyses applied to the first-order rate coefficients showed a significant difference between bottom and surface aufwuchs for the river only. For both pond and river, a significant difference was shown when the aufwuchs was suspended, however. The aufwuchs mat thickness was significantly different between bottom and surface for the pond but not for the river and the biomass as ash-free dry weight was significantly different for both water bodies. The variability of biomass and first-order rate coefficients was higher with the bottom colonized aufwuchs than with the surface conlonized aufwuchs. JF - Chemosphere AU - Kollig, H P AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1779 EP - 1787 VL - 14 IS - 11-12 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - 2,4-D KW - natural water KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - biomass KW - statistical analysis KW - microorganisms KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14436169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Biotransformation+rates+of+the+butoxyethyl+ester+of+2%2C4-D+by+bottom+and+surface+aufwuchs.&rft.au=Kollig%2C+H+P&rft.aulast=Kollig&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=1779&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microorganisms; statistical analysis; biomass ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatility of ten priority pollutants from fortified avian toxicity test diets. AN - 14413664; 1314656 JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - McCrady, J K AU - Johnson, DE AU - Turner, L W AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 634 EP - 644 VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - tests KW - volatilization KW - pollutant detection KW - birds KW - laboratory testing KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - diets KW - chemicals KW - toxicity KW - pesticides KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14413664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Volatility+of+ten+priority+pollutants+from+fortified+avian+toxicity+test+diets.&rft.au=McCrady%2C+J+K%3BJohnson%2C+DE%3BTurner%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=McCrady&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=634&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides; toxicity; diets; chemicals; birds; laboratory testing; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence of persistent cough and phlegm in young adults in relation to long-term ambient sulfur oxide exposure. AN - 14401771; 1255706 AB - In early 1976, a survey of persistent cough and phlegm (PCP) prevalence was conducted in 5,623 young adults in 4 Utah communities. Over the previous 5 years, community-specific mean sulfur dioxide levels had been 11, 18, 36, and 115 mu g/m super(3). Corresponding mean suspended sulfate levels had been 5, 7, 8, and 14 mu g/m super(3). No intercommunity exposure gradient of total suspended particulates or suspended nitrates was observed. In nonsmoking mothers, PCP prevalence was 4.2% in the high-exposure community and approximately 2.0% in all other communities. In smoking mothers, PCP prevalence was 21.8% in the high-exposure community and approximately 15.0% elsewhere. In nonsmoking fathers, PCP prevalence was 8.0% in the high-exposure community and averaged 3.0% elsewhere. In smoking fathers, PCP prevalence was less strongly associated with ambient sulfur oxide exposure. Intercommunity prevalence differences in smoking and nonsmoking mothers, and in nonsmoking fathers, were significant at alpha = 0.05. A categorical logistic regression model, testing simultaneously for effects of community and several covariates on PCP prevalence, yielded similar results. JF - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AU - Chapman, R S AU - Calafiore, D C AU - Hasselblad, V AD - Mail Drop 58, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 261 EP - 267 VL - 132 IS - 2 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - cough KW - phlegm KW - Utah KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - humans KW - sulfur oxides KW - surveys KW - H SM9.25:EAR, NOSE AND THROAT INJURIES KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14401771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+persistent+cough+and+phlegm+in+young+adults+in+relation+to+long-term+ambient+sulfur+oxide+exposure.&rft.au=Chapman%2C+R+S%3BCalafiore%2C+D+C%3BHasselblad%2C+V&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sulfur oxides; surveys; humans ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A quantitative estimate of nonsmokers' lung cancer risk from passive smoking. AN - 14393368; 1245969 AB - This work presents a quantitative assessment of nonsmokers' risk of lung cancer from passive smoking. It is estimated that U.S. nonsmokers are exposed to from 0 to 14 mg of tobacco tar per day, and that the typical nonsmoker is exposed to 1.4 mg per day. A phenomenological exposure-response relationship is derived, yielding 5 lung cancer deaths per year per 100,000 persons exposed, per mg daily tar exposure. Aggregate exposure to ambient tobacco smoke is estimated to produce about 5000 lung cancer deaths per year in U.S. nonsmokers aged greater than or equal to 35 yr, with an average loss of life expectancy of 17 plus or minus 9 yr per fatality. The estimated risk to the most-exposed passive smokers appears to be comparable to that from pipe and cigar smoking. Mortality from passive smoking is estimated to be about two orders of magnitude higher than that estimated for carcinogens currently regulated as hazardous air pollutants under the federal Clean Air Act. JF - Environment International AU - Repace, J L AU - Lowrey, AH AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 3 EP - 22 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - passive smoking KW - risks KW - man KW - carcinoma KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - cigarette smoking KW - lung KW - carcinogenesis KW - risk assessment KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SE4.26:DRUGS AND ALCOHOL KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - H SM10.21:CANCER KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14393368?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=A+quantitative+estimate+of+nonsmokers%27+lung+cancer+risk+from+passive+smoking.&rft.au=Repace%2C+J+L%3BLowrey%2C+AH&rft.aulast=Repace&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lung; carcinogenesis; risk assessment; cigarette smoking; carcinoma ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of age and obsesity on the metabolism of lindane by black a/a, yellow A super(vy)/a, and pseudoagouti A super(vy)/a phenotypes of (YS x VY) f sub(1) hybrid mice. AN - 14373907; 1201950 AB - Lindane ( gamma -hexachlorocyclohexane) has been shown to produce hepatomas in some strains of mice but not in others. Genetic factors and/or altered metabolism may play a role in the susceptibility to lindane-induced hepatomas. This study reports the effect of age and obesity on the comparative metabolism and disposition of lindane in obese yellow A super(vy)/a and in lean pseudoagouti A super(vy)/a and black a/a phenotypes of (YS x VY) f sub(1) hybrid female mice at 8, 17, 30, 56, and 86 wk of age. Aging alterd the biotransformation of lindane such that while the excretion of lindane and its metabolites declined, the proportion of conjugated and polar metabolites increased. Tissue storage was elevated in older animals. In the yellow A super(vy)/a mice, there was accelerated and prolonged growth, reduced metabolite excretion, a greater proportion of conjugated metabolites, and higher dechlorinase activity compared to that of their psudoagouti A super(vy)/a and black a/a siblings. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Copeland, M F AU - Wolff, G L AU - Cooke, N AU - Whitehouse, DA AU - Mole, M L AD - U.S. EPA., Environ. Res. Cent., Health Eff. Res. Lab., Perinatal Toxicol. Branch, MD-67, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 771 EP - 796 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - effects on KW - lindane KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - metabolism KW - age KW - obesity KW - pesticides KW - carcinoma KW - X 24133:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14373907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Effects+of+age+and+obsesity+on+the+metabolism+of+lindane+by+black+a%2Fa%2C+yellow+A+super%28vy%29%2Fa%2C+and+pseudoagouti+A+super%28vy%29%2Fa+phenotypes+of+%28YS+x+VY%29+f+sub%281%29+hybrid+mice.&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+R+W%3BCopeland%2C+M+F%3BWolff%2C+G+L%3BCooke%2C+N%3BWhitehouse%2C+DA%3BMole%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=771&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinoma; age; obesity; metabolism; pesticides ER - TY - CONF T1 - Power plants: Their present and future impact on the aquatic resources of Tampa Bay. AN - 14332990; 1152314 AB - Presently, 5 steam electric plants are using Tampa Bay as a soruce of condensor cooling water and as a site for disposal of waste heat. The subject of this presentation is the environmental data and assessment strategies used to evaluate impacts of these facilities on the aquatic resources of Tampa Bay. The areal extent of thermal impacts can be estimated and regional consequences assessed. Siting criteria are discussed as the most effective means of minimizing future environmental impacts. Existing technologies are reviewed as "fixes" for currently operating facilities. AU - Hicks, D B AU - Tebo, L Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - FSGR-65 KW - Marine KW - environmental impact KW - power plants KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Tampa Bay KW - O 8050:Conferences KW - Q2:09441 KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14332990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hicks%2C+D+B%3BTebo%2C+L&rft.aulast=Hicks&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0808736787&rft.btitle=Power+plants%3A+Their+present+and+future+impact+on+the+aquatic+resources+of+Tampa+Bay.&rft.title=Power+plants%3A+Their+present+and+future+impact+on+the+aquatic+resources+of+Tampa+Bay.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aircraft observations of extreme ozone concentrations near thunderstorms. AN - 14322867; 1141515 AB - Anomalously large short-term ozone concentrations were observed on several occasions by aircraft during an experiment on 5 August 1980 to characterize the physical and chemical properties of the Baltimore urban plume. The ozone "spikes" of about 500 ppb were traversed by aircraft in less than 30 s (travel distance of less than 2 km). Analysis of these and ancillary data suggest that the ozone spikes may have resulted from ozone production by chemical reactions activated by lightning associated with thunderstorms. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Clarke, J F AU - Griffing, G W AD - Meteorol. and Assess. Div., Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1175 EP - 1179 VL - 19 IS - 7 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - thunderstorms KW - lightning KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - ozone KW - aircraft KW - nitrogen oxides KW - meteorology KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SE6.24:STORMS KW - H SE6.25:LIGHTNING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14322867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Aircraft+observations+of+extreme+ozone+concentrations+near+thunderstorms.&rft.au=Clarke%2C+J+F%3BGriffing%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aircraft; ozone; nitrogen oxides; meteorology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of sulfolane on behavioral and autonomic thermoregulation in the rat. AN - 14317143; 1146747 AB - Sulfolane (tetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide), a commonly used extraction solvent, promotes rapid changes in the thermoregulatory system. Colonic temperature, skin temperature, metabolic rate, and preferred ambient temperature (T sub(a)) were measured over an 8-h period in the Sprague-Dawley rat following an intraperitoneal injection of sulfolane at 800 mg/kg or of physiological saline. At T sub(a) values of 15 and 25 degree C, sulfolane caused a significant inhibition in metabolic rate and reduction in colonic temperature, which lasted over the 8-h measuring period. At both T sub(a) values, metabolic rate tended to recover approximately 4 h after sulfolane injection. Colonic temperature recovered with time but was still significantly reduced at 8 h postinjection. Preferred T sub(a) in the sulfolane-treated rat was not significantly different from the controls. In spite of their hypothermic conditions, the sulfolane-treated animals did not select a warm T sub(a). JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Gordon, C J AU - Dyer, R S AU - Long, MD AU - Fehlner, K S AD - EBD, HERL, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 461 EP - 468 VL - 16 IS - 3-4 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - effects on KW - sulfolane KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - autonomic nervous system KW - thermoregulation KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14317143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Effect+of+sulfolane+on+behavioral+and+autonomic+thermoregulation+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BDyer%2C+R+S%3BLong%2C+MD%3BFehlner%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - thermoregulation; autonomic nervous system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urban-scale variations of turbulence parameters and fluxes. AN - 14314286; 1141673 AB - Sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE) fluxes and turbulence statistics in St. Louis, Missouri and the surrounding region are presented. The urban-scale analyses were derived from a series of aircraft transects at 150 m above ground across the metropolitan area during the afternoon convective period. The results revealed that H varied by a factor of two to four in the region; the largest values were associated with the urban heat island. LE varied across the urban area by about a factor of four, but low values of LE overlaid the urban heat island. JF - BOUNDARY - LAYER METEOROL. AU - Ching, JKS AD - Meteorol. and Assess. Div., Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 335 EP - 361 VL - 33 IS - 4 KW - boundary layers KW - Missouri, St. Louis KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - turbulence KW - meteorology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14314286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BOUNDARY+-+LAYER+METEOROL.&rft.atitle=Urban-scale+variations+of+turbulence+parameters+and+fluxes.&rft.au=Ching%2C+JKS&rft.aulast=Ching&rft.aufirst=JKS&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BOUNDARY+-+LAYER+METEOROL.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - turbulence; meteorology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of sorptive partitioning of nonionic pollutants in closed systems by headspace analysis. AN - 14314257; 1138550 AB - An equilibrium headspace technique is shown to be applicable to the determination of sorption equilibria for the nonionic volatile organic compounds toluence and trichloroethylene (TCE). This procedure avoids the problems inherent in other experimental techniques that directly analyze aqueous phase concentration. Such problems include incomplete solid phase separation and subsequent measurements of solute bound to dissoved or colloidal sorbent as free solute. Sorptive partitioning coefficients may be determined by the headspace procedure in the absence of carrier solvents or knowledge of the aqueous concentration of the volatile compounds of concern. Experiments examining the sorption of toluene and TCE onto humic acids, alumina coated with humic acids, and two soil core samples demonstrated the applicability of the headspace technique to sorption studies. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Garbarini AU - Lion, L W AD - Emerg. and Remed. Respir. Div., U.S. E.P.A., New York, NY 10278, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1122 EP - 1127 VL - 19 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - trichloroethylene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - sorption KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - toluene KW - toxicology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14314257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+sorptive+partitioning+of+nonionic+pollutants+in+closed+systems+by+headspace+analysis.&rft.au=Garbarini%3BLion%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Garbarini&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; toluene; sorption; solvents; toxicology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proposed pragmatic methods for estimating plume rise and plume penetration through atmospheric layers. AN - 14314117; 1138863 AB - The purpose of this communication is to outline techniques that can be used to calculate plume rise and penetration through atmospheric layers in order that those who have appropriate plume rise and meteorological data might examine these techniques critically and endorse these procedures or propose alternatives. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Turner, D B AD - Meteorol. and Assess. Div., Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1215 EP - 1218 VL - 19 IS - 7 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - plumes KW - atmosphere KW - meteorology KW - boundary layers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14314117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Proposed+pragmatic+methods+for+estimating+plume+rise+and+plume+penetration+through+atmospheric+layers.&rft.au=Turner%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boundary layers; meteorology; atmosphere; plumes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of hazardous waste incineration in a lime kiln: Rockwell Lime Company. AN - 14313030; 1138361 AB - During a one-week test burn, hazardous waste was used as supplemental fuel and co-fired with petroleum coke in a lime kiln in eastern Wisconsin. Detailed sampling and analysis was conducted on the stack gas for principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs), particulates, particulate metals, HCl, SO sub(2), NO sub(x), CO, and THC and on process streams for metals and chlorine. POHCs were also analyzed in the waste fuel. Sampling was conducted during three baseline and five waste fuel test burn days. Results show average destruction and removal efficiencies (DREs) greater than 99.99% for each POHC and little change in pollutant emissions from baseline to waste fuel test conditions. In addition, material balance results show that 95% of chlorine enters the process from the limestone feed and the chlorine exits the kiln in the baghouse dust and lime product at 61% and 38%, respectively. JF - J. HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Day AU - Cox, LA AU - Mournighan, R E AD - EPA's Ind. Environ. Res. Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 313 EP - 321 VL - 12 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste treatment KW - hazardous materials KW - incineration KW - statistical analysis KW - lime KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14313030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+hazardous+waste+incineration+in+a+lime+kiln%3A+Rockwell+Lime+Company.&rft.au=Day%3BCox%2C+LA%3BMournighan%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - incineration; hazardous materials; lime; statistical analysis; waste treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of regional visibility in the southwest using principal component and back trajectory techniques. AN - 14312263; 1141685 AB - Approximately 3 years of visibility data from a 13-station teleradiometer network in the southwest desert is the basis for the analysis presented. Principal component analysis is employed to identify regions of similarly varying visibility for the enitre data set and by seasons. "North", "Center" and "South" regions are identified in each of the four seasons. These regions change their size, shape and location somewhat through the seasons and thus are referred to as groups with each group containing four seasonal regions. Distinctive mean visibility levels and variations characterize the three groups. Back trajectory-analysis techniques are developed to infer the nature and extent of influence of upwind areas on the three visibility groups. Two years of four daily back trajectories indicate primary detrimental influence from the southwest for the "North" group and from the southeast for the "South", Areas influencing the "Center"-group visibility are a combination of those affecting the other two groups. A method to calculate transport extinction budgets is demonstrated for the three visibility groups. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Pitchford, M AU - Pitchford, A AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab. , U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, NV, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1301 EP - 1316 VL - 19 IS - 8 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - visibility KW - atmosphere KW - turbidimetry KW - seasonal variations KW - meteorology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14312263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+regional+visibility+in+the+southwest+using+principal+component+and+back+trajectory+techniques.&rft.au=Pitchford%2C+M%3BPitchford%2C+A&rft.aulast=Pitchford&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - visibility; turbidimetry; meteorology; seasonal variations; atmosphere ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoregulation in mice following acute chlordimeform administration. AN - 14312137; 1138580 AB - CBA/J mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with the formamidine insecticide chlordimeform (CDM) while colonic temperature, preferred ambient temperature (T sub(a)), and lethality were monitored. In the first experiment there was a dose-dependent decrease in colonic temperature when measured 60 min after administering CDM doses of 0, 15, 30, 60, and 75 mg/kg. The hypothermic effect of CDM was more pronounced at a T sub(a) of 20 degree C than at 30 degree C. In the second experiment. CDM at doses > 30 mg/kg caused a dose-dependent reduction in preferred T sub(a) from the normal value of approx. 30 degree C to approx. 22 degree C. Thus, the CDM-treated mouse lowered body temperature by selecting a cool T sub(a) which accelerated the hypothermic effect. In the final experiment, a 90 mg/kg i.p. injection of CDM (the approximate LD sub(50) dose) caused 10% and 0% mortality at a T sub(a) of 20 and 30 degree C, respectively, and 80% mortality at a T sub(a) of 35 degree C. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Gordon, C J AU - Long, MD AU - Stead, A G AD - Exp. Biol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 9 EP - 15 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - effects on KW - chlordimeform KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - thermoregulation KW - mice KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - pesticides KW - H SE5.20:INSECTICIDES KW - X 24133:Metabolism KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14312137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Thermoregulation+in+mice+following+acute+chlordimeform+administration.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BLong%2C+MD%3BStead%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; pesticides; mice; thermoregulation ER - TY - CONF T1 - Use of bioassays to determine potential toxicity effects of environmental pollutants. AN - 14311737; 1131107 AB - Bioassays of environmental samples integrate the effects of all toxicants contained in a sample. The corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory (CERL) has developed a multi-media (aquatic/terrestrial) bioassessment protocol to assist in the identification of toxicity potentials associated with waste disposal. Similar techniques can be used to identify NPS pollutants. The CERL protocol has been used successfully to: (1) define and rank-order the effects of selected heavy metals, herbicides, and insecticides on microbes, earthworms, plant seeds, algae, daphnia, and fathead minnow larvae; (2) determine that rank-order of sensitivity differs with major toxicant groups; (3) detect the presence of bioactive organic and heavy metal mixtures in field sites and (4) identify the basic chemical component of complex waste mixtures. AU - Peterson, SA AU - Miller, W E AU - Greene, J C AU - Callahan, CA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 38 EP - 45 KW - EPA Environ. Res. Labs KW - ecosystem models KW - methodology KW - nonpoint pollution KW - nonpoint sources KW - pollutant detection KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA 440-5-85-001 KW - bioassays KW - ecosystems KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - pollutant identification KW - water pollution KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q2:09442 KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14311737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Use+of+bioassays+to+determine+potential+toxicity+effects+of+environmental+pollutants.&rft.au=Peterson%2C+SA%3BMiller%2C+W+E%3BGreene%2C+J+C%3BCallahan%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=38&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of precision and accuracy estimates from state and local agency air monitoring stations with results of EPA's National Performance Audit Program. AN - 14311643; 1135396 AB - The assessments are maintained in a computer file along with the routine air monitoring data reported separately to EPA's National Aerometric Data Bank. The data quality assessments and air monitoring data are made available to various users on request. In a separate program, the National Performance Audit Program, standard samples are mailed as blind samples to the state and local agencies for analysis. The results are reported to EPA for evaluation. Evaluation of the results of the precision and accuracy assessments is performed, and a comparison of these assessments with the results of the National Performance Audit Program is made. This paper reports the results of this comparison. JF - Journal of Testing & Evaluation AU - Rhodes, R C AU - Mitchell, W J AU - Puzak, J C AU - Evans, E G AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., Off. Res. and Dev., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 374 EP - 378 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 0090-3973, 0090-3973 KW - National Performance Audit Program KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - EPA KW - computer applications KW - federal regulations KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14311643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Testing+%26+Evaluation&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+precision+and+accuracy+estimates+from+state+and+local+agency+air+monitoring+stations+with+results+of+EPA%27s+National+Performance+Audit+Program.&rft.au=Rhodes%2C+R+C%3BMitchell%2C+W+J%3BPuzak%2C+J+C%3BEvans%2C+E+G&rft.aulast=Rhodes&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Testing+%26+Evaluation&rft.issn=00903973&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air quality; computer applications; federal regulations; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Age-dependent changes in gastrointestinal transport and retention of particulate manganese oxide in the rat. AN - 14309664; 1142999 AB - Translocation of inhaled particulates from the nasopharynx and upper tracheobronchial area to the gastrointestinal tract is a major route of exposure for particles with a mass median diameter of greater than 1 mu m. Previous studies in this laboratory with particulate Mn sub(3)O sub(4) have shown that preweanling rats have substantially higher tissue Mn concentrations than similarly treated adults, indicating possible differences in uptake or elimination or both. This study was conducted to evaluate changes in gastrointestinal movement and retention of particulate Mn sub(3)O sub(4) in the preweanling and weaned rat. super(85)Sr-labeled microspheres were used to evaluate gastrointestinal transit rate (TR), while particulate Mn sub(3)O sub(4) was used to evaluate particulate retention at selected ages. The results show that stomach retention time in the preweanling is at least twice that of the postweanling (90 min versus 42 min). JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Rehnberg, G L AU - Hein, J F AU - Carter, S D AU - Laskey, J W AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 887 EP - 899 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - inhalation KW - distribution KW - Manganese oxide KW - rats KW - particulates KW - gastrointestinal pathology KW - gastrointestinal tract KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14309664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Age-dependent+changes+in+gastrointestinal+transport+and+retention+of+particulate+manganese+oxide+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Rehnberg%2C+G+L%3BHein%2C+J+F%3BCarter%2C+S+D%3BLaskey%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Rehnberg&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=887&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rats; particulates; gastrointestinal tract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Succession of vegetation in an evolving river delta, Atchafalaya Bay, Louisiana. AN - 14308996; 1124938 AB - A description is given of the wetland vegetation on the natural islands of the Atchafalaya Delta, Louisiana. The vegetation was described using principal components analysis. Seasonal change in each association was described. Three vegetation associations explained the most variance in the spring and autumn analyses and also occupied the greatest area. Each was dominated by a single species: Sagittaria latifolia, Salix nigra or Typha latifolia . In each of these associations diversity was low. Measurement of the similarity in species composition among the main associations showed little spatial overlap among them. Analysis of soil nutrients revealed little variation with season or plant association. In contrast, the precentage variation in water level, organic carbon, and percentage sand with season and plant association was substantial. Hydrologic influences on the delta islands seem to have the greatest influences on the distribution of vegetation. JF - Journal of Ecology AU - Johnson, W B AU - Sasser, CE AU - Gosselink, J G AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 973 EP - 986 VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0477, 0022-0477 KW - ecological succession KW - plant communities KW - succession KW - vegetation patterns KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - ASW, USA, Louisiana, Atchafalaya Delta KW - aquatic plants KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - phytosociology KW - wetlands KW - USA, Louisiana, Atchafalaya Delta KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - D 04200:Wetlands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14308996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ecology&rft.atitle=Succession+of+vegetation+in+an+evolving+river+delta%2C+Atchafalaya+Bay%2C+Louisiana.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+W+B%3BSasser%2C+CE%3BGosselink%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=973&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Ecology&rft.issn=00220477&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wetlands; aquatic plants; ecological succession; phytosociology; succession; vegetation patterns; plant communities; ASW, USA, Louisiana, Atchafalaya Delta; USA, Louisiana, Atchafalaya Delta; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Teratogenic evaluation of the pesticides baygon, carbofuran, dimethoate and EPN. AN - 14308060; 1126747 AB - Baygon, at dose levels which were not maternally lethal, did not produce fetotoxicity, fetal lethality or malformations in the fetuses. At dose levels which were not maternally lethal, carbofuran did not produce fetotoxicity, fetal lethality or malformations in the fetuses. At dose levels which were not maternally lethal, dimethoate did not produce fetotoxicity, fetal lethality or malformations in the fetuses. EPN, at dose levels up to those which were maternally lethal, did not produce fetotoxicity, fetal lethality or an increase in malformations. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes AU - Courtney, K D AU - Andrews, JE AU - Springer, J AU - Dalley, L AD - Toxicol. Branch, Inhal. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 373 EP - 406 VL - 20B IS - 4 SN - 0360-1234, 0360-1234 KW - teratogenesis KW - toxicology KW - carbofuran KW - propoxur KW - dimethoate KW - EPN KW - pesticides (carbamates) KW - pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - carbamates KW - organophosphorus compounds KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - pesticides KW - teratogenicity KW - H SM5.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - X 24135:Biochemistry KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SE5.24:CARBONATES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14308060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.atitle=Teratogenic+evaluation+of+the+pesticides+baygon%2C+carbofuran%2C+dimethoate+and+EPN.&rft.au=Courtney%2C+K+D%3BAndrews%2C+JE%3BSpringer%2C+J%3BDalley%2C+L&rft.aulast=Courtney&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=20B&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.issn=03601234&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - teratogenicity; pesticides; insecticides; organophosphorus compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A programmable exposure control system for determination of the effects of pollutant exposure regimes on plant growth. AN - 14304678; 1121810 AB - A field-exposure research facility was constructed to provide a controlled environment to determine the influence of the various components of ozone exposure on plant response. The facility uses modified open-top chambers and an automated control system for continuous delivery and control of single or multiple pollutants over a growing season. Numerous exposure profiles can be produced and controlled in all chambers. Ozone is produced by commercially available generators; their outputs are controlled by an HP 41CV hand-held computer through a Hewlett-Packard Interface Loop System (HP-IL). Chamber microenvironmental data and ozone concentration data are collected continuously with a data acquisition system that includes mean hourly ozone concentration, air and soil temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation. Initial studies with this facility compared the response of alfalfa and tall fescue growth to episodic and daily peak exposure profiles with equivalent integrated exposure indices over the growing season. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Hogsett, W E AU - Tingey, D T AU - Holman AD - Environ. Res. Lab., US EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1135 EP - 1145 VL - 19 IS - 7 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - ozone KW - control systems KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - plants KW - computer applications KW - air pollution KW - pollution effects KW - growth KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14304678?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=A+programmable+exposure+control+system+for+determination+of+the+effects+of+pollutant+exposure+regimes+on+plant+growth.&rft.au=Hogsett%2C+W+E%3BTingey%2C+D+T%3BHolman&rft.aulast=Hogsett&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; air pollution; computer applications; control systems; plants; growth; pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Yohimbine attenuates the delayed lethality induced in mice by amitraz, a formamidine pesticide. AN - 14303767; 1138521 AB - The authors have found that a single dose of amitraz, a formamidine pesticide, produces death in mice 2-5 days after dosing. To further examine this phenomenon, adult albino mice of both sexes were treated with either yohimbine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) or deionized water (6 ml/kg. i.p.), immediately before an injection of amitraz (600 mg/kg, i.p.) and twice daily thereafter for 8 days. Male mice treated with water were more susceptible than water-treated females to the lethal effects of amitraz. In addition, yohimbine treatment significantly decreased the number of deaths in both sexes. These data suggest that an alpha 2-adrenergic mechanism is involved in the delayed lethality produced by amitraz. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Moser, V C AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., MD-74B, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 99 EP - 104 VL - 28 IS - 2-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - carbamate KW - amitraz KW - pesticides (carbamates) KW - mice KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - mortality KW - pesticides KW - X 24134:Pathology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SE5.24:CARBONATES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14303767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Intimacy%2C+concreteness%2C+and+the+%22self-reference+effect%22&rft.au=Czienskowski%2C+Uwe%3BGiljohann%2C+Stefanie&rft.aulast=Czienskowski&rft.aufirst=Uwe&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+Psychology&rft.issn=16183169&rft_id=info:doi/10.1027%2F%2F1618-3169.49.1.73 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; pesticides; mortality; mice ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentrations of Krypton-85 near the Nevada test site. AN - 14297230; 1119398 AB - Since 1972, the Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory has operated a network of noble gas samplers around the Nevada Test Site (NTS). For 10 of those years, the network also included several samplers on the NTS. The network was established to measure the concentration of noble gases released to the atmosphere by underground nuclear detonations, by posttest operations, and by seepage from the ground from previous underground tests. During this 12-year period, the concentrations of krypton-85 measured in samples collected around the NTS gradually increased with time from 16 pCi/m super(3) in 1972 to 25 pCi/m super(2) in 1983. This increase was not found to be due to nuclear testing activities at the NTS but to the world-wide use of nuclear technology, a trend that has been predicted by previous investigators. The observed trend of increasing concentration was considerably less than had been projected by other authors, being only one-eighth to one-fifth of that projected. It is suggested that the difference from predictions is due to a decrease in the rate of growth in the number of nuclear power plants and, more significantly, the slow growth of nuclear fuel reprocessing activities. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Grossman, R F AU - Holloway, R W AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89114, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1128 EP - 1131 VL - 19 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Nevada Test Site KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - krypton KW - gases KW - environmental monitoring KW - monitoring systems KW - radioactive emissions KW - H SI4.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14297230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Concentrations+of+Krypton-85+near+the+Nevada+test+site.&rft.au=Grossman%2C+R+F%3BHolloway%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Grossman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental monitoring; monitoring systems; gases; radioactive emissions; krypton ER - TY - JOUR T1 - p-Phenylenediamine dihydrochloride: Comparative disposition in male and female rats and mice. AN - 14295056; 1123953 AB - The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of p-phenylenediamine (PDA) was studied in both sexes of F344 rats and B6C3F mice. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Ioannou, Y M AU - Matthews, H B AD - EPA, 401 M St., S.W. CM-2 TS769, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 299 EP - 313 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - metabolism KW - p-phenylenediamine KW - laboratory testing KW - rats KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - radioactivity KW - absorption KW - toxicity KW - statistical analysis KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14295056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=p-Phenylenediamine+dihydrochloride%3A+Comparative+disposition+in+male+and+female+rats+and+mice.&rft.au=Ioannou%2C+Y+M%3BMatthews%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Ioannou&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; absorption; laboratory testing; rats; radioactivity; statistical analysis; mice ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2,6-Dichloro-p-phenylenediamine: Comparative disposition in male and female rats and mice. AN - 14289357; 1123966 AB - 2-6-Dichloro-p-phenylenediamine (DPA) was recently reported to induce hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in male and female B6C3F sub(1) mice but not in F344 rats. The present investigation of comparative disposition in both sexes of each species was designed to detect species-related variations in DPA disposition that might explain variations in toxicity. The present study indicates that quantitative variations in disposition and metabolism exist between the two species but does not identify a likely source of species variation in susceptibility to DPA toxicity. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Ioannou, Y M AU - Matthews, H B AD - EPA, 401 M St., S.W., CM-2 TS769, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 285 EP - 297 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - metabolism KW - disposition KW - comparison KW - laboratory testing KW - mice KW - 2,6-dichloro-p-phenylenediamine KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - toxicology KW - carcinogenesis KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14289357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=2%2C6-Dichloro-p-phenylenediamine%3A+Comparative+disposition+in+male+and+female+rats+and+mice.&rft.au=Ioannou%2C+Y+M%3BMatthews%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Ioannou&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicology; laboratory testing; mice; carcinogenesis; rats ER - TY - CONF T1 - The emerging role of benefit-cost analysis in the regulatory process at EPA. AN - 14282358; 1119182 AB - Almost since its inception, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been using analytical techniques related to the concept of balancing benefits and costs. As a result of the Reagan Administration's Executive Order 12291, benefit-cost analysis is playing an increasingly important role in the EPA regulatory process. Benefit-cost analysis has assisted in organizing information and improving cost estimates. It has influenced the choice of regulatory criteria and aided in the developing degrees of stringency for environmental regulations. Work by epidemiologists on the relationships between pollutant exposures and adverse health effects will play a vital role in EPA's ability to value in dollars the health improvements attributable to pollution control. EPA's Office Policy, Planning and Evaluation is currently conducting combined economic and epidemiology research to develop methods and estimates of the health benefits of pollution control. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Luken, R A Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 373 EP - 379 VL - 62 KW - cost benefit analysis KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - economics KW - federal regulations KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14282358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+emerging+role+of+benefit-cost+analysis+in+the+regulatory+process+at+EPA.&rft.au=Luken%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Luken&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Problems with misfuelers. AN - 14280598; 1100691 AB - Despite the difficulties of enforcing prohibitions against actions by individuals, the number of states with such programs is increasing. Many are recognizing that misfueled and damaged vehicles contribute substantially to their air pollution burdens, and that individual owners must be held responsible for proper operation and maintenance of their cars. Taken together, EPA expects that these actions - reducing lead content in gasoline and enforcing fuel switching/engine tampering laws - will significantly reduce the public's exposure to lead, with resulting benefits of over a billion dollars a year beginning in 1986. These benefits include not only maintenance savings to vehicle owners, but also the savings from reduced levels of other automotive pollutants and from lowered medical costs stemming from excess exposure to lead. JF - EPA Journal AU - Pryor, M AD - EPA J., Waterside Mall, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 6 VL - 11 IS - 4 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - gasoline KW - lead KW - emission control KW - EPA KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H ST2.26:EMISSIONS AND EMISSION CONTROL UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14280598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Problems+with+misfuelers.&rft.au=Pryor%2C+M&rft.aulast=Pryor&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lead; gasoline; emission control; automotive exhaust emissions; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cleaning up the Grand Calumet River. AN - 14280015; 1100519 AB - To develop the master plan, EPA has worked with the State of Indiana, public interest groups, and a Grand Calumet Task Force made up of representatives from citizen groups, unions, industry, and local municipalities. The plan calls for: Modifying discharge permits to minimize toxic and biological contaminants. Tough enforcement of existing discharge permits. Achieving currently required pollutant load reductions at sewage treatment plants. Revising and upgrading water quality standards. The existing standards were adopted in 1978 but have not yet been upgraded. Reducing pollutant loads contributed by combined sewer overflows. Initiating long-term monitoring to evaluate the effectiveness of control programs and to discover any remaining contaminants. JF - EPA Journal AU - Clute, KO AD - Off. Public Aff., EPA Reg. 5 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 21 VL - 11 IS - 2 KW - cleaning process KW - Grand Calumet River KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - sewage treatment KW - wastewater discharges KW - pollution control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14280015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Cleaning+up+the+Grand+Calumet+River.&rft.au=Clute%2C+KO&rft.aulast=Clute&rft.aufirst=KO&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution control; sewage treatment; wastewater discharges ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of emissions from vehicles using methanol and methanol-gasoline blended fuels. AN - 14279451; 1100351 AB - Exhaust and evaporative emissions were examined from vehicles fuels with methanol or a gasoline-methanol blend. Regulated automobile pollutants, as well as detailed hydrocarbons, methanol, and aldehydes were measured, and exhaust emission trends were obtained for vehicle operation over five different driving cycles. Results indicated that use of the blended fuel does not generally have any significant effect on base-line exhaust emission rates of regulated pollutants; however, emission rates of aldehydes increased during the Federal Test Procedure. Aldehyde emissions from the methanol-fueled car were roughly an order of magnitude higher than those resulting from blended fuel usage. The hydrocarbon composition of evaporative emissions with the blended fuel was similar to that with the base-line fuel except when canister breakthrough occurred. Evaporative emissions during breakthrough were comprised chiefly of N-butane. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Gabele, P A AU - Baugh, JO AU - Black, F AU - Snow, R AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1168 EP - 1175 VL - 35 IS - 11 KW - methanol KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - gasoline KW - fuel technology KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - hydrocarbons KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H ST2.26:EMISSIONS AND EMISSION CONTROL UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14279451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+emissions+from+vehicles+using+methanol+and+methanol-gasoline+blended+fuels.&rft.au=Gabele%2C+P+A%3BBaugh%2C+JO%3BBlack%2C+F%3BSnow%2C+R&rft.aulast=Gabele&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - automotive exhaust emissions; hydrocarbons; gasoline; fuel technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of the hazard ranking system for the assessment of feedstock frequencies in Superfund site contaminants. AN - 14278414; 1101965 AB - The utility of the Hazard Ranking System data base as a source for the estimation of frequency of feedstock association with Superfund site contaminants was assessed. For a sample of sites for which followup information was available, the feedstock frequency of association was determined using both the HRS data base and the followup information. There was found to be no statistically difference between the feedstock frequencies as determined from the two methods. On the basis of this study, it is concluded that the prior use of HRS data to estimate such frequencies is thus valid. JF - HAZARDOUS WASTES HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Vanderlaan, G A AU - Haas, C N AD - U.S. E.P.A., Reg. V, 230 South Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60604, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 535 EP - 543 VL - 2 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste management KW - Superfund KW - data bases KW - contaminants KW - disposal sites KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14278414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HAZARDOUS+WASTES+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=Validation+of+the+hazard+ranking+system+for+the+assessment+of+feedstock+frequencies+in+Superfund+site+contaminants.&rft.au=Vanderlaan%2C+G+A%3BHaas%2C+C+N&rft.aulast=Vanderlaan&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HAZARDOUS+WASTES+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data bases; disposal sites; contaminants; waste management; Superfund ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The pesticide root zone model (PRZM): A procedure for evaluating pesticide leaching threats to groundwater. AN - 14278188; 1117013 AB - A continuous simulation model that considers interactions of pesticides in surface runoff (in water and on eroded sediment), advection in percolating water, molecular diffusion, dispersion, uptake by plants, sorption to soil, and biological and chemical degradation is described. The model was partially performance tested for aldicarb using data from field sites in New York, Florida, and Wisconsin. The model was successfully tested with observed data at the sites using selected values for 1st-order degradation rate constants and sorption coefficients. The model was successfully calibrated to the observed data at the New York site using selected values for 1st-order degradation rate constants and sorption coefficients. Calibrated parameter values were within the reported range of measured values, suggesting the model effectively simulates relevant processes affecting the pesticide's movement. An example of model application for a hypothetical pesticide applied to wheat in Nebraska is provided. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Carsel, R F AU - Mulkey, LA AU - Lorber, M N AU - Baskin, L B AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 49 EP - 70 VL - 30 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - groundwater KW - aldicarb KW - pollution KW - leaching KW - mathematical models KW - pesticides KW - runoff KW - simulation KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - D 04800:Pollution studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14278188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=The+pesticide+root+zone+model+%28PRZM%29%3A+A+procedure+for+evaluating+pesticide+leaching+threats+to+groundwater.&rft.au=Carsel%2C+R+F%3BMulkey%2C+LA%3BLorber%2C+M+N%3BBaskin%2C+L+B&rft.aulast=Carsel&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; leaching; pesticides; groundwater; runoff; simulation; pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Initiatives to deal with L.A. smog. AN - 14277691; 1100877 AB - The Reasonable Efforts Program is an ongoing process. New measures will be regularly considered. Existing controls will be re-evaluated periodically. In large part, Region 9's approach is based upon policy set in 1983 by former Administrator William Ruckelshaus when he committed the agency to: 1) expeditiously carry out the Clean Air Act; 2) move the nation closer to the health goals of the Act; 3) strengthen federal, state and local air pollution programs; 4) treat all parties fairly; 5) provide incentives for states to fulfill their planning and implementation obligation - rather than punish them for failures; and 6) avoid unnecessary economic disruption. JF - EPA Journal AU - Ayres, JE AD - EPA, Reg. 9 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 25 EP - 26 VL - 11 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Clean Air Act KW - economics KW - smog KW - environmental protection KW - air pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14277691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Initiatives+to+deal+with+L.A.+smog.&rft.au=Ayres%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Ayres&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - smog; Clean Air Act; economics; environmental protection; air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The lead phasedown: How society gains. AN - 14277613; 1103265 AB - Benefit-cost analysis has played an integral role in EPA's recent rulemaking on lead in gasoline. The initial analysis, released by EPA's Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation in March 1984, showed that, despite substantial reductions achieved through earlier rulemakings, further tightening of the lead limit would yield large health gains, with benefits far in excess of the costs. That report helped spur intensive development of a proposed rule, issued in August 1984, less than two years after the previous rulemaking on lead in gasoline has been concluded. Additional analysis demonstrated the feasibility and desirability of setting a very tight phasedown schedule. The final rule, issued in March 1985, is even more stringent than the original proposal; it requires that lead in gasoline be reduced from 1.1 grams per leaded gallon (gplg) to 0.5 gplg by July 1985 and to 0.1 gplg by January 1986. JF - EPA Journal AU - Nichols, AL AD - EPA, Off. Policy, Plann. Eval. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 7 EP - 8 VL - 11 IS - 4 KW - cost benefit analysis KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - gasoline KW - lead KW - EPA KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SI3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14277613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=The+lead+phasedown%3A+How+society+gains.&rft.au=Nichols%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; lead; gasoline ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The human body burden of mirex in the southeastern United States. AN - 14277385; 1102125 AB - Evidence of mirex exposure in a national survey of chemicals in adipose tissue led to a more intensive survey of the general population in treated counties of the southeastern United States. Forty sites were selected randomly from 8 southeastern states where mirex was used widescale to combat fire ants; a total of 624 adipose tissue specimens were collected from these 40 sites. Tissue specimens were prepared by a modified Mills-Onley-Gather procedure and analyzed for mirex and selected other organochlorine compounds by electron-capture gas chromatography. Positive residue findings were confirmed by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Weighted statistical analysis of the data was conducted to estimate the level of mirex in the study area. It was estimated that 10.2% of the population of southern United States has quantifiable levels of mirex in adipose tissue. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Kutz, F W AU - Strassman, S C AU - Stroup, C R AU - Carra, J S AU - Leininger, C C AU - Watts, D L AU - Sparacino, C M AD - Off. Res. and Dev. (RD-682), U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 385 EP - 394 VL - 15 IS - 3-4 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - man KW - bioaccumulation KW - mirex KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - adipose tissue KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - USA, Southeast KW - gas chromatography KW - tissues KW - insecticides KW - statistical analysis KW - toxicology KW - surveys KW - H SE5.20:INSECTICIDES KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14277385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=The+human+body+burden+of+mirex+in+the+southeastern+United+States.&rft.au=Kutz%2C+F+W%3BStrassman%2C+S+C%3BStroup%2C+C+R%3BCarra%2C+J+S%3BLeininger%2C+C+C%3BWatts%2C+D+L%3BSparacino%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Kutz&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Southeast; mirex; surveys; tissues; toxicology; gas chromatography; statistical analysis; insecticides; adipose tissue ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air quality data analysis system for interrelating effects, standards, and needed source reductions: Part 9. Calculating effective ambient air quality parameters. AN - 14276918; 1100846 AB - The overall purpose of air pollution control is to reduce or eliminate adverse effects, such as plant injury or crop reduction. In order to study and to control such adverse effects efficiently, air quality parameters are needed that correlate closely with the effects. Ambient air quality data can often be characterized by the two characteristic parameters of the lognormal distribution, the geometric mean and the standard geometric deviation, but some ambient data are far from lognormal. This paper suggests that even though an air quality data set is not lognormal, the effects of the concentrations can be characterized. These two effective parameters can be used to characterize air quality at a site, in terms of its expected effects on plants, and to compare these parameters and the expected plant effects from site to site. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Larsen, R I AU - Heck, W W AD - Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. E.P.A., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1274 EP - 1279 VL - 35 IS - 2 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - environmental impact KW - plants KW - mathematical models KW - air quality KW - crops KW - pollution control KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14276918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Air+quality+data+analysis+system+for+interrelating+effects%2C+standards%2C+and+needed+source+reductions%3A+Part+9.+Calculating+effective+ambient+air+quality+parameters.&rft.au=Larsen%2C+R+I%3BHeck%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1274&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; air quality; crops; pollution control; plants; environmental impact ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extra effort wins water quality payoffs. AN - 14276913; 1100781 AB - The waters of the Great Lakes and great rivers like the Mississippi, Wisconsin, and Fox have had much to do with the social, cultural and economic development of the state. In part because of water's importance to Wisconsin's recreational, agricultural and industrial economies, the state saw its responsability to clean up pollution at a relatively early date. With water pollution cleanup often linked to enhanced recreational opportunities, governor-sponsored funding programs - utilizing bonds, a cigarette tax, and other revenue - received widespread public support. Labor and business as well as hunting, fishing, youth, and women's groups supported legislation and referenda questions establishing the programs. Clean water was the legislature's primary goal. But the state also was aware of the need to capitalize on the availability of federal matching funds - without which the desired cleanup could not take place. And it wanted to carefully manage the timing and direction of Wisconsin's design and construction process. JF - EPA Journal AU - Smoller, J AD - Wisconsin Dep. Nat. Resour., EPA, WI, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 14 EP - 15 VL - 11 IS - 3 KW - Wisconsin KW - taxes KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - conservation KW - legislation KW - economics KW - freshwater environments KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14276913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Extra+effort+wins+water+quality+payoffs.&rft.au=Smoller%2C+J&rft.aulast=Smoller&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; economics; legislation; conservation; freshwater environments ER - TY - CONF T1 - Ambient sulfate aerosol deposition in man: Modeling the influence of hygroscopicity. AN - 14276853; 1114891 AB - Atmospheric sulfate aerosols are of international concern because of their global prevalence and potential irritant or toxic effects on humans. To assess hazards following inhalation exposure, the total dose delivered to the human respiratory tract and its regional distribution must be determined. The mass median aerodynamic diameter of the inhaled aerosol will influence the sites of deposition in the respiratory tract. Atmospheric sulfate aerosols are hygroscopic and will have changing particle sizes and densities as they absorb water vapor in the humid environment of the human respiratory tract. Experimental and theoretical data that describe particle size as a function of temperature and relative humidity were used in computer subroutines of an aerosol deposition model in order to calculate the dose dispersion of H sub(2)SO sub(4), (NH sub(4)) sub(2)SO sub(4), and NH sub(4)HSO sub(4) aerosols in man. Different temperature and relative humidity environments that approximately correspond to nasal and oral breathing were studied. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Martonen, T B AU - Barnett, A E AU - Miller, F J Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 11 EP - 24 VL - 63 KW - disposition KW - sulfates KW - models KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - particle size KW - computer applications KW - atmosphere KW - air pollution KW - aerosols KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14276853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Ambient+sulfate+aerosol+deposition+in+man%3A+Modeling+the+influence+of+hygroscopicity.&rft.au=Martonen%2C+T+B%3BBarnett%2C+A+E%3BMiller%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of chlordimeform on cardiovascular functional parameters: Part 1. Lethality and arrhythmogenicity in the geriatric rat. AN - 14276671; 1102252 AB - Chlordimeform (CDM), a formamidine pesticide, had a profound effect on the cardiovascular function of geriatric rats. Two-year-old pentobarbital-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats (n=8) received sequential intravenous CDM injections of 5, 10, 30, and 60 mg/kg. A control group of rats (n=8) received multiple injection of normal saline vehicle over a similar time period, followed by a single CDM injection of 60 mg/kg. Heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressure (BP), and electrocardiogram (ECG) were monitored for all animals. CDM produced abrupt decreases in HR and BP at all doses. In addition, striking changes in ECG waveforms and intervals and various conduction-related arrhythmias were observed. These acute effects triggered a reflex-mediated overshoot in HR and BP above preinjection levels, followed by a delayed, persistent depression of these parameters. Three animals from the CDM-treated group died after injection of the 30-mg/kg dose, while 60 mg/kg was lethal in the remaining animals. In the majority of cases, death appeared to be due to cardiac arrest. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Watkinson, W P AD - U.S. EPA, Exp. Biol. Div., Biol. Eng. Branch (MD-74C), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 729 EP - 744 VL - 15 IS - 6 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - pathology KW - chlordimeform KW - rats KW - cardiovascular pathology KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - cardiovascular system KW - toxicology KW - H SE5.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY KW - X 24154:Pathology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14276671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Effects+of+chlordimeform+on+cardiovascular+functional+parameters%3A+Part+1.+Lethality+and+arrhythmogenicity+in+the+geriatric+rat.&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=729&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rats; cardiovascular pathology; toxicology; cardiovascular system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's lead phasedown action. AN - 14276659; 1100672 AB - EPA's recently announced decision to lower the lead content of U.S. gasoline by 90 percent is the greatest single step the agency has taken toward the ultimate goal of eliminating lead in gasoline as a public health hazard. And that goal is, in itself, one of the most important and challenging EPA has pursued in its 15-year history. At a press conference on March 4, EPA Administrator Lee Thomas announced the timetable for the latest initiative in the agency's decade-long effort to phase down the lead content of U.S. gasoline. EPA's current standard is 1.1 grams per leaded gallon (gplg) of gasoline. That will drop to 0.5 gplg on July 1, 1985. On January 1, 1986, the standard will go down to 0.1 gplg, a level 90 percent lower than the current standard. JF - EPA Journal AU - Wilson, R AD - EPA, Off. Mobile Sources Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 2 EP - 5 VL - 11 IS - 4 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - gasoline KW - lead KW - EPA KW - federal regulations KW - public health KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SI3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14276659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+lead+phasedown+action.&rft.au=Wilson%2C+R&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lead; gasoline; public health; EPA; federal regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fighting waste from gold mining. AN - 14276096; 1100482 JF - EPA Journal AU - Popkin, R AD - EPA Off. Public Aff., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 30 VL - 11 IS - 2 KW - gold KW - Alaska KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - mining wastes KW - environmental protection KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14276096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Fighting+waste+from+gold+mining.&rft.au=Popkin%2C+R&rft.aulast=Popkin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mining wastes; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of volatile organic compound monitors equipped with cryogenic preconcentrators. AN - 14275698; 1100902 AB - The performances of two nominally identical automated monitors for quantifying volatile organic compounds were compared on identical amibient laboratory air samples. The monitors incorporate cryogenic preconcentration subnits specially designed for controlled release of liquid nitrogen to establish a -150 degree C trap temperature. Measured trends in concentration for perchloroethylene, toluene, chloroform, Freon 113, methyl choloroform, and benzene showed good agreement even at sub-ppbv levels during automated overnight runs, although some effects of adsorption were evident. In a second set of runs, concentration results for one system were plotted versus those for the other. The plots were linear and precise, but slightly biased. Qualitative comparisons using diluted automobile exhaust are also shown. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - McClenny, WA AU - Pleil, J D AU - Oliver, K D AU - Holdren, M W AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1053 EP - 1056 VL - 35 IS - 10 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - organic compounds KW - automation KW - air sampling KW - monitoring instruments KW - temperature KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14275698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+volatile+organic+compound+monitors+equipped+with+cryogenic+preconcentrators.&rft.au=McClenny%2C+WA%3BPleil%2C+J+D%3BOliver%2C+K+D%3BHoldren%2C+M+W&rft.aulast=McClenny&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1053&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; monitoring instruments; automation; temperature; air sampling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Handling a pollution emergency. AN - 14275681; 1100887 AB - Imagine beginning each day with a drive across town to use a friend's shower, or preparing your meals, washing your hands, and brushing your teeth with bottled water. How would you feel about running down to the local firehouse for a drum of clean water whenever your supply ran out? For 11 months, this was the routine for 16 families living in Long Island's tiny Sag Harbor community. Their private water wells were contaminated by a 500-foot-wide, half-mile-long plume of ground water polluted with volatile organic chemical from a nearby industrial site. Thanks to some of the residents' diligence, however, as well as the concentrated work of elected officials and environmental authorities, potable water began flowing again from the taps of their homes in February of this year. The events that led to this fortunate conclusion demonstrate what can be accomplished when the federal, state, local governments coordinate their efforts in response to the mysterious and complex problem of gound-water contamination. JF - EPA Journal AU - Daggett, C J AD - EPA, Reg. 2 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 27 EP - 28 VL - 11 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - groundwater KW - water pollution KW - environmental protection KW - government programs KW - contamination KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14275681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Handling+a+pollution+emergency.&rft.au=Daggett%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Daggett&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - groundwater; contamination; government programs; environmental protection; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging technologies for the control of hazardous wastes. AN - 14274489; 1100903 AB - Investigations were conducted of new and emerging technologies for the disposal of hazardous wastes. These methods involve new technologies or a recent variation on an established one. In addition, a survey was made of potential users of hazardous waste information. The need for a data base for emerging hazardous waste technologies and/or a newsletter was evaluated. Information on the emerging technologies was acquired by computerized search, library searching, and personal contacts. The emerging technologies discussed include molten salt combustion, fluidized bed incineration, high energy electron treatment of trace organic compounds in aqueous solution, the catalyzed wet oxidation of toxic chemicals, dehalogenation of compounds by treatment with ultraviolet (UV) light and hydrogen. UV/ chlorinolysis of organics in aqueous solution, the catalytic hydrogenation-dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and ultraviolet/ozone destruction. Theory, specific wastes treated, and economics are discussed. JF - J. HAZARDOUS MATER. AU - Edwards, B H AU - Paullin, J N AU - Coghlan-Jordan, K AD - EPA, Ind. Res. Lab., Cincinatti, OH, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 201 EP - 205 VL - 12 IS - 2 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - EPA KW - technology KW - data bases KW - waste disposal KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14274489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.atitle=Emerging+technologies+for+the+control+of+hazardous+wastes.&rft.au=Edwards%2C+B+H%3BPaullin%2C+J+N%3BCoghlan-Jordan%2C+K&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+HAZARDOUS+MATER.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Emerging Technologies for Treating Hazardous Wastes. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous materials; waste disposal; technology; data bases; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Safe diving in polluted waters. AN - 14274264; 1099963 AB - In the EPA regional office in Seattle, there is a mask. It is a diver's mask, and it is a mess, its rubber seal eaten away. The rubber dissolved when a diver from the Seattle Police Department's harbor patrol unknowingly dove into water polluted with hazardous chemicals. That mask is a graphic symbol of the dangers that divers face when they enter contaminated waters. Unfortunately, the need for this king of diving is on the rise because underwater pollution is on the rise. Between 1977 and 1981, more than 64,000 major waterway spills of petroleum products and hazardous materials were reported to the U.S. Coast Guard. The total number of chemical spills into the nation's waterways, both reported and unreported, is estimated to be about 15,000 per year. JF - EPA Journal AU - Tejada, S AD - EPA J., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 28 EP - 29 VL - 11 IS - 2 KW - protective equipment KW - diving KW - underwater activities KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - water pollution KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SI13.13:INSTRUMENTATION, DEVICES AND CONTROLS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14274264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Safe+diving+in+polluted+waters.&rft.au=Tejada%2C+S&rft.aulast=Tejada&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A computer-assisted electrocardiographic analysis system: Methodology and potential application to cardiovascular toxicology. AN - 14274199; 1099931 AB - An automated analysis of electrocardiographic (ECG) waveforms, based on a precise one-dimensional analysis of features within a generalized computer-enhanced ECG waveform, has been developed in the authors' laboratory. ECG signals are monitored, amplified, and recorded using standard techniques. The recorder output signal is distributed to a microcomputer system. Software developed for the microcomputer slows the signal playback rate and permits operator review of the slowed signal for arrhythmia analysis. The primary advantages of this system include (1) extensive automation - computer support decreases analytical time, increases precision, and permits rapid screening of large numbers of animals; (2) enhanced sensitivity - the use of functional parameters should provide a more sensitive index of toxicity than morphological parameters; (3) broad utility - this system provides the capability to utilize a variety of animals, both anesthetized and unanesthetized, ranging in age from fetuses to geriatrics, and permits studies of block as well as longitudinal design; and (4) ease of replication - standardization of equipment and techniques facilitates replication by other laboratories. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Brice, MA AU - Robinson, K S AD - U.S. EPA, Exp. Biol. Div., Biol. Eng. Branch (MD 74C), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 713 EP - 727 VL - 15 IS - 6 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - electrocardiograms KW - EKG KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - cardiovascular system KW - toxicology KW - computer applications KW - H SM10.2:DATA ANALYSIS KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14274199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=A+computer-assisted+electrocardiographic+analysis+system%3A+Methodology+and+potential+application+to+cardiovascular+toxicology.&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P%3BBrice%2C+MA%3BRobinson%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer applications; cardiovascular system; toxicology; toxicity testing; EKG ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rounding up a dangerous chemical. AN - 14274100; 1100772 AB - Thousands of pounds of arsenic and arsenic mixtures have been discovered in hundreds of half-forgotten, unsafe locations throughout Minnesota. This well-known poison can be toxic even in small quantities, and is believed to be carcinogenic as well. Before the advent of synthetic chemical pesticides, generations of Americans used arsenic for pest control. Now, 40 years later, the leftovers pose a toxic threat. Fortunately, after passage of a state hazardous waste cleanup law similar to the federal Superfund, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) has been able to begin eliminating this danger that has been overlooked or underestimating for far too long. JF - EPA Journal AU - Kalitowski, T AD - EPA, Minnesota Pollut. Control Agency, MN, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 13 VL - 11 IS - 3 KW - Minnesota KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Superfund KW - arsenic KW - state regulations KW - cleaning process KW - waste management KW - carcinogenesis KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14274100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Rounding+up+a+dangerous+chemical.&rft.au=Kalitowski%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kalitowski&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; carcinogenesis; Superfund; cleaning process; state regulations; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA and biotechnology. AN - 14273689; 1100523 AB - Recognizing that there are conflicting views of biotechnology ranging from those who view the new technology with alarm as a possible danger to the environment to those who believe absolutely no regulation is required, "EPA's primary goal is to ensure a reasonable balance between the need to protect society from unreasonable risk and the benefits to society provided by the products of biotechnology," says John Moore, the agency's Assistant Administrator for Pesticides and Toxic Substances. JF - EPA Journal AU - Popkin, R AU - Ryan, D AD - EPA Off. Public Aff., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 25 EP - 26 VL - 11 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - biotechnology KW - EPA KW - federal regulations KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14273689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=EPA+and+biotechnology.&rft.au=Popkin%2C+R%3BRyan%2C+D&rft.aulast=Popkin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; biotechnology; federal regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Manual method for measurements of reduced sulfur compounds. AN - 14270396; 1100779 AB - A manual method for measuring reduced sulfur compounds in kraft pulp mill and sulfur recovery plant emissions was evaluated. The method involves removing SO sub(2) from the gas stream with a citric acid-potassium citrate buffer that passes reduced sulfur compounds; thermal oxidation of all reduced sulfur compounds to SO sub(2); collection of the SO sub(2) in H sub(2)O sub(2); and a titrimetric analysis of the H sub(2)O sub(2) for SO sub(4) super(2-). A heated filter removes alkaline particulate matter that would produce a negative interference if absorbed by the buffer. When used at kraft pulp mills, the method agrees closely with Reference Method 16, provided that nonregulated reduced sulfur compounds, such as carbonyl sulfide, are not present in the emissions. At sulfur recovery plants, nonregulated reduced sulfur compounds, such as thiophene, are likely to be present in the emissions and will produce a positive bias in the results obtained with this method. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Margeson, J H AU - Knoll, JE AU - Midgett, M R AU - Ferguson, B B AU - Schworer, P J AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1280 EP - 1285 VL - 35 IS - 12 KW - monitoring measurements KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - sulfur compounds KW - paper industry KW - emission control KW - industrial emissions KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14270396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Manual+method+for+measurements+of+reduced+sulfur+compounds.&rft.au=Margeson%2C+J+H%3BKnoll%2C+JE%3BMidgett%2C+M+R%3BFerguson%2C+B+B%3BSchworer%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Margeson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1280&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sulfur compounds; industrial emissions; emission control; paper industry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Old-time heat source yields new pollution. AN - 14269823; 1100502 AB - Wood stoves emit three main kinds of air pollutants: particulate matter or total suspended particulates (TSP), carbon monoxide (CO), and polycyclic organic matter (POM). Because the first two - TSP and CO - are criteria pollutants for which National Ambient Air Quality Stands have been set, EPA tracks total national emissions of those pollutants by various sources. Those national emissions data tell much the same story as the fluctuations in the world price of oil. JF - EPA Journal AU - Super, T AD - EPA, Off. Air and Radiat., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 21 EP - 22 VL - 11 IS - 3 KW - air pollutants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - wood KW - federal regulations KW - emission control KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14269823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Old-time+heat+source+yields+new+pollution.&rft.au=Super%2C+T&rft.aulast=Super&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wood; emission control; federal regulations; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tackling the job together. AN - 14269660; 1101170 AB - The basic task now is to fine-tune the operation of environmental laws in such a way as to make them fulfill their purpose and work effectively in the real world. The problems we confront are not easily remedied. Solving them demands prompt communication, candor, and continuous feedback as we pursue the ultimate desideratum - a smoothly integrated, on-line response to pollution that is fast, efficient, and appropriate. There is no greater administrative challenge in the federal system today. JF - EPA Journal AU - Thomas, L M AD - EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 2 VL - 11 IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - federal programs KW - conservation KW - ecology KW - environmental protection KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14269660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Tackling+the+job+together.&rft.au=Thomas%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental protection; conservation; federal programs; ecology; pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Restoring the Great Lakes. AN - 14266306; 1099971 AB - It is important not to ignore the problems that loom up before us: toxic chemicals nestled firmly throughout the Great Lakes ecosystem; pressure to divert Great Lakes water to arid southwestern states; and questions about how to balance appropriately the demands of our econony with the needs of our environment. The U.S. and Canada, in 1972, signed a Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement pledging both countries to a series of actions designed to save the lakes. The most significant of these was the specification that both countries would make massive improvements in their sewage treatment plant systems. Both nations, true to their word, have spent a total of $7.6 billion since 1972 to improve or replace 1,079 sewage treatment plants along the shores and tributaries of the Great Lakes. JF - EPA Journal AU - Adamkus, V AD - EPA, Reg. 5 Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 2 EP - 4 VL - 11 IS - 2 KW - Great Lakes KW - United States KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - environmental protection KW - conservation KW - ecology KW - pollution control KW - international agreements KW - Canada KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - H SE1.22:LAKE AND RIVER ECOLOGY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14266306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Restoring+the+Great+Lakes.&rft.au=Adamkus%2C+V&rft.aulast=Adamkus&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; pollution control; environmental protection; ecology; conservation; water quality; international agreements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory responses of vigorously exercising children to 0.12 ppm ozone exposure. AN - 14264315; 1096138 AB - Changes in respiratory function have been suggested for children exposed to less than 0.12 ppm oxone (O sub(3)) while engaged in normal activities. Because the results of these studies have been confounded by other variables, such as temperature or the presence of other pollutants or have been questioned as to the adequacy of exposure measurements, the authors determined the acute response of children exposed to 0.12 ppm O sub(3) in a controlled chamber environment. Twenty-three while males 8 to 11 yr of age were exposed once to clean air and once to 0.12 ppm O sub(3) in random order. Exposures were for 2.5 h and included 2 h of intermittent heavy exercise. Measures of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV sub(1)) and the symptom cough were determined prior to and after each exposure. A significant decline in FEV sub(1) was found after the O sub(3) exposure compared to the air exposure, and it appeared to persist for 16 to 20 h. No significant increase in cough was found due to O sub(3) exposure. Forced vital capacity, specific airways resistance, respiratory frequency, tidal volume, and other symptoms were measured in a secondary exploratory analysis of this study. JF - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AU - McDonnell, WF III AU - Chapman, R S AU - Leich, M W AU - Strope, G L AU - Collier, A M AD - U.S. EPA, Med. Res., Build. C-224H, Univ. North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 875 EP - 879 VL - 132 IS - 4 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - effects on KW - physical training KW - exercise KW - ozone KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - respiratory system KW - children KW - respiratory function KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - H SM9.45:SPORTS RELATED INJURIES KW - H SM9.31:INHALATION INJURIES KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14264315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.atitle=Respiratory+responses+of+vigorously+exercising+children+to+0.12+ppm+ozone+exposure.&rft.au=McDonnell%2C+WF+III%3BChapman%2C+R+S%3BLeich%2C+M+W%3BStrope%2C+G+L%3BCollier%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=WF&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=875&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; respiratory function; children; respiratory system; physical training; exercise ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of dissolved organic compounds in the accumulation of copper by the American oyster, Crassostrea virginica . AN - 14248190; 1080088 AB - The influence of various dissolved organic compounds upon copper accumulation by the American oyster, Crassostrea virginica was examined. Oysters were exposed to a range of copper concentrations ( super(64)Cu) in the presence of filtered estuarine water (FEW), UV-photooxidized FEW and FEW amended with the additions of natural dissolved organic compounds - chitin and cellular organic compounds (derived from the diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana ). Results suggest that natural dissolved organics differ markedly with respect to their influence upon copper bioavailability. JF - Marine environmental research. London AU - Zamuda, C D AU - Wright, DA AU - Smucker, R A AD - Off. Emergency and Rem. Response, US EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1 EP - 12 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - copper KW - dissolved organic matter KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - bioaccumulation KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14248190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+dissolved+organic+compounds+in+the+accumulation+of+copper+by+the+American+oyster%2C+Crassostrea+virginica+.&rft.au=Zamuda%2C+C+D%3BWright%2C+DA%3BSmucker%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Zamuda&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dissolved organic matter; copper; bioaccumulation; Crassostrea virginica; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical considerations related to the regulatory use of multispecies toxicity tests. AN - 14236013; 1063214 AB - Because of the impracticality of using natural systems for testing toxicity, the discussions presented in this review are based on the assumption that laboratory tests, either on-site or at a remote laboratory, are an essential ingredient in the development of regulatory requirements for a substance (the term "substance" will hereinafter be used to mean an individual chemical or a mixture, such as an effluent). In the design of an experiment for evaluating the hazard of a substance to ecosystems, there are two main considerations: (a) the response of biota to the substance; and (b) the exposure of biota to the substance. Therefore, most of the following discussions of test methods will be centered on the regulatory requirements relating to the issues of "response" and "exposure". In conclusion, although microcosm experiments are useful for examining mechanisms, at the present state of development there appears to be no possibility that they will be useful for most regulatory purposes. AU - Tebo, LB Jr AD - Environ. Serv. Div., U.S. EPA, College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30613, USA A2 - Cairns, J (ed) Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 KW - regulatory KW - laboratory testing KW - multispecies KW - ecosystem models KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - ecosystems KW - chemicals KW - toxicity KW - reviews KW - standards KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - D 04800:Pollution studies - general KW - H SE1.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14236013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Ecology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Tebo%2C+LB+Jr&rft.aulast=Tebo&rft.aufirst=LB&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=008031936X&rft.btitle=Technical+considerations+related+to+the+regulatory+use+of+multispecies+toxicity+tests.&rft.title=Technical+considerations+related+to+the+regulatory+use+of+multispecies+toxicity+tests.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity testing; chemicals; standards; reviews; toxicity; ecosystems; ecosystem models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Total human exposure. AN - 14230980; 1036759 AB - Determining the risk posed by environmental pollution to public health requires a knowledge of five fundamental components: the sources of pollutants, the transport of pollutants from sources to humans, the exposures of humans to pollutants, the doses received by those who are exposed, and the adverse health effects resulting from the doses. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Ott, W R AD - Off. Res. and Dev., EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 880 EP - 886 VL - 19 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - pollutant detection KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicology KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14230980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Total+human+exposure.&rft.au=Ott%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Ott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=880&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - public health; risk assessment; toxicology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of carboxyhemoglobin concentrations in adult nonsmokers with ambient carbon monoxide levels. AN - 14229810; 1036263 AB - Blood samples from several thousand current nonsmokers were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics between 1976 and 1980 in a national probability survey (NHANES II). The blood samples were analyzed for carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels using highly sensitive techniques by two laboratories under rigorous quality control procedures. COHb levels of 1528 persons were compared to the immediately preceding one-hour and eight-hour ambient carbon monoxide (CO) averages in 20 U.S. cities. Spearman rank correlation coefficients between COHb and ambient CO were not significant for a large majority of fixed monitoring stations in the 20 cities. No improvement was shown when the comparisons were limited to central-city residents. A regression of all 1528 COHb values on the "best" ambient stations in each city resulted in an R super(2) value of 0.03, i.e., 3% of the variance in COHb concentrations was explained by the fixed stations. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Wallace, LA AU - Ziegenfus, R C AD - Off. Res. and Dev., US EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 944 EP - 949 VL - 35 IS - 9 KW - quality control KW - statistical analysis KW - carboxyhemoglobin KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - carbon monoxide KW - surveys KW - blood analysis KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14229810?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+carboxyhemoglobin+concentrations+in+adult+nonsmokers+with+ambient+carbon+monoxide+levels.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+LA%3BZiegenfus%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=944&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - surveys; carbon monoxide; blood analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of fugitive atmospheric emissions of polychlorinated biphenyls from hazardous waste landfills. AN - 14227524; 1037035 AB - Four landfills known to contain large quantities of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were monitored for atmospheric emissions: Three of these were uncontrolled and contained large numbers of electrical capacitors, many of which were scattered on the surface and leaking PCB askarel fluids. The other is a state-of-the-art PCB waste landfill designed to exceed the requirements of the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1978 (ToSCA) for PBC disposal. Both high-volume and low-volume air sampling equipment were utilized at each landfill to monitor air levls of PCBs on site, upwind and downwind. In addition, vent ports were monitored at the controlled site. Simultaneous, collocated sampling was performed for quality assurance purposes and to obtain information on sampling performance and comparability. High atmospheric PCB concentrations were measured at the uncontrolled sites, while air levels were at or near background at the ToSCA-designed landfill. PCBs were detected at low levels in gas vents at the latter site. JF - Environmental Science and Technology AU - Lewis, R G AU - Martin, B E AU - Sgontz, D L AU - Howes, JE Jr AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 986 EP - 991 VL - 19 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - landfills KW - atmosphere KW - emission control KW - PCB compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14227524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+fugitive+atmospheric+emissions+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls+from+hazardous+waste+landfills.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+R+G%3BMartin%2C+B+E%3BSgontz%2C+D+L%3BHowes%2C+JE+Jr&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=986&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PCB compounds; landfills; hazardous materials; atmosphere; emission control ER - TY - CONF T1 - Controlling pollution for permanent protection: A whole systems approach to environmental policy. AN - 14222446; 1037713 AB - For most pollution control situations, where human health protection is the highest priority, our standard for judgement is a quantified estimate of risk. Despite well-known uncertainties associated with such estimates, they remain the only feasible way of assessing the probable effects of cross-media transfer. This is one of the reasons we have advanced the idea of risk assessment and management so strongly at EPA in recent years. The risk management approach includes the idea that risk from pollutants is rarely eliminated through controls. We expect controls to reduce risk, of course. But we can't know how much reduction we have really obtained unless we carefully track the controlled material through all of its man-made and natural transformations. Then we can assess and compare the risks associated with each of them and devise a control solution for the whole system. JF - Renewable Resources Journal AU - Thomas, L M Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 5 EP - 9 VL - 3 IS - 3 KW - feasibility studies KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - government policies KW - risk assessment KW - resource management KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14222446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Renewable+Resources+Journal&rft.atitle=Controlling+pollution+for+permanent+protection%3A+A+whole+systems+approach+to+environmental+policy.&rft.au=Thomas%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Renewable+Resources+Journal&rft.issn=07386532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The postnatal effects of prenatal exposure to low doses of nitrofen (2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether) in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 14220160; 1037780 AB - Nitrofen was administered to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats by gavage on days 8-16 of gestation at 5 different dose levels. Diaphragmatic hernias were found in pups that died immediately after birth at the 3 highest dose levels. At the 1.39-mg/kg dose level 3 of the 4 pups examined had diaphragmatic hernias, at the 4.17-mg/kg dose level 2 out of 3 pups had diaphragmatic hernias, and at the 12.5-mg/kg dose level all 5 pups found dead had diaphragmatic hernias. Results of the present study and earlier studies demonstrate that rats are more sensitive than mice to the teratogenic effect of nitrofen it does in mice, but the rank order of sensitivity of these effects differs from those described earlier in the mouse. JF - Toxicology AU - Ostby, J S AU - Gray, LE AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Ferrell, J M AD - EPA, Health Eff. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 285 EP - 297 VL - 34 IS - 4 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - intrauterine exposure KW - nitrofen KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - rats KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - teratogenesis KW - herbicides KW - pesticides KW - teratogenicity KW - X 24134:Pathology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SE5.22:HERBICIDES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14220160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+postnatal+effects+of+prenatal+exposure+to+low+doses+of+nitrofen+%282%2C4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl+ether%29+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Ostby%2C+J+S%3BGray%2C+LE%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BFerrell%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Ostby&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - teratogenicity; rats; herbicides; pesticides; teratogenesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide regulation: An overview. AN - 14216105; 1035773 JF - EPA Journal AU - Moore, J AD - EPA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 2 EP - 3 VL - 10 IS - 5 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - federal regulations KW - environmental protection KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14216105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Pesticide+regulation%3A+An+overview.&rft.au=Moore%2C+J&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - federal regulations; pesticides; risk assessment; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring human exposure to carbon monoxide in Washington, D.C., and Denver, Colorado, during the winter of 1982-1983. AN - 14210791; 1036050 AB - A methodology for measuring the frequency distribution of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure in a representative sample of an urban population has been developed and applied in two urban areas: Washington, DC, and Denver, CO, during the winter of 1982-1983. Exposure data using personal exposure monitors (PEMs) were collected, together with activity data from a stratified probability sample of residents living in each of the two urban areas. Well established survey sampling procedures were used for the selection of individuals. The resulting exposure data permit estimates of CO exposure for the eligible populations of the two areas, as well as statistical comparisons between population subgroups (e.g., commuters vs. noncommuters and residents with and without gas stoves). Results indicated that over 10% of the residents in Denver and 4% of the Washington, DC, residents were exposed to CO levels above 9 ppm for 8 h during the study period. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Akland, G G AU - Hartwell, T D AU - Johnson, T R AU - Whitmore, R W AD - Environ. Monit. Syst., Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 911 EP - 918 VL - 19 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - data collection KW - carbon monoxide KW - atmosphere KW - surveys KW - public health KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14210791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Measuring+human+exposure+to+carbon+monoxide+in+Washington%2C+D.C.%2C+and+Denver%2C+Colorado%2C+during+the+winter+of+1982-1983.&rft.au=Akland%2C+G+G%3BHartwell%2C+T+D%3BJohnson%2C+T+R%3BWhitmore%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Akland&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=911&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon monoxide; surveys; public health; atmosphere; data collection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality of lead smelter workers. AN - 14204639; 1030385 AB - To examine patterns of death in lead smelter workers, a retrospective analysis of mortality was conducted in a cohort of 1,987 males employed between 1940 and 1965 at a primary lead smelter in Idaho. Overall mortality was similar to that of the United States white male population. Excess mortality, however, was found from chronic renal disease and the risk of death from renal disease increased with increasing duration of employment, such that after 20 years employment, the standardized mortality ratio reached 392. Excess mortality was also noted for nonmalignant respiratory disease. Eight of 32 deaths in this category were caused by silicosis; at least five workers who died of silicosis had been miners for a part of their lives. JF - American Journal of Epidemiology AU - Selevan, S G AU - Landrigan, P J AU - Stern, F B AU - Jones, J H AD - Dep. Res. and Dev., US EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 673 EP - 683 VL - 122 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9262, 0002-9262 KW - surveys KW - smelting KW - occupational health KW - respiratory diseases KW - lead KW - kidneys KW - man KW - kidney diseases KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - smelters KW - occupational exposure KW - mortality KW - H SI2.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14204639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Mortality+of+lead+smelter+workers.&rft.au=Selevan%2C+S+G%3BLandrigan%2C+P+J%3BStern%2C+F+B%3BJones%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Selevan&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=673&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Epidemiology&rft.issn=00029262&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - smelting; occupational health; respiratory diseases; mortality; lead; occupational exposure; smelters; man; kidney diseases ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of the male reproductive system in the preweanling rat following Mn sub(3)O sub(4) exposure. AN - 14197309; 995101 AB - Long-Evans rat pups were dosed orally from birth to 21 d with particulate Mn sub(3)O sub(4) to obtain a daily dose of 0,71 or 214 mu g Mn/body weight multiplied by d. Assessments of the hypothalamic, pituitary, or testicular functions were determined by measuring the endogenous or stimulated serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and/or testosterone (T) at 21 or 28 d of age. Body, testes, and seminal vesicles weight and tissue concentrations of Mn were also evaluated. Only slight Mn treatment effects were seen in body and testes weights. No effects were seen either on unstimulated or stimulated FSH or LH serum concentrations. Although no Mn treatment effects were seen on endogenous or 2 h human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulate serum T concentrations, there was a reduction in the serum T following 7 d of hCG stimulation. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Laskey, J W AU - Rehnberg, G L AU - Hein, J F AU - Laws, S C AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab. U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 339 EP - 350 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - serum levels KW - effects on KW - rats KW - manganese oxide KW - reproductive pathology KW - testosterone KW - luteinizing hormone KW - follicle-stimulating hormone KW - toxicology KW - H3; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - X 24165:Biochemistry KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14197309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+male+reproductive+system+in+the+preweanling+rat+following+Mn+sub%283%29O+sub%284%29+exposure.&rft.au=Laskey%2C+J+W%3BRehnberg%2C+G+L%3BHein%2C+J+F%3BLaws%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Laskey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rats; reproductive pathology; toxicology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Size distribution of particles that may contribute to soiling of material surfaces. AN - 14167328; 976155 AB - 1. Coarse particles dominate soiling of smooth surfaces such as glass. 2. A sampler designed to collect particles with diameters less than 10 mu m would be a very poor indicator of soiling on these surfaces. 3. A hi-vol sampler may provide a fair indicator of soiling on vertical surfaces but would be poor for horizontal surfaces, where settling dust is the dominant fraction. 4. More definitive research is needed, especially for rough surfaces for which deposition velocities of submicron particles are expected to be two to three orders of magnitude higher than for smooth surfaces. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Haynie, F H AD - Spec. Tech. Group, Atmos. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 552 EP - 554 VL - 35 IS - 5 KW - surface properties KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - materials testing KW - dust KW - particles KW - air pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14167328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Size+distribution+of+particles+that+may+contribute+to+soiling+of+material+surfaces.&rft.au=Haynie%2C+F+H&rft.aulast=Haynie&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - particles; dust; air pollution; materials testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of ammonia to early life stages of the smallmouth bass at four pH values. AN - 14165686; 979385 AB - Early life stages of smallmouth bass (Macropterus dolomieui Lacepede) were exposed to ammonia concentrations at four different pH values (from 6.5 to 8.7). Acute lethal tests were conducted with juveniles, and partial chronic tests were initiated at the late embryo stage and extended through 32 d of exposure. Embryo through preswim-up larvae were the most resistant early life stages studied during chronic exposures. Survival of embryos to larvae 7 d post hatch was unaffected by ammonia concentrations ranging from 0.236 to 0.865 mg/L NH sub(3) at pH values of 6.60 to 8.68. Adverse effects on early developmental stages demonstrated that survival to 14 d and growth to 32 d were among the most sensitive indicators of ammonia toxicity. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Broderius, S AU - Drummond, R AU - Fiandt, J AU - Russom, C AD - Environ. Res. Lab., Duluth Off. Res. and Dev., U.S. E.P.A., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 87 EP - 96 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Micropterus dolomieui KW - pH effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - ammonia KW - Freshwater KW - embryos KW - toxicity KW - pH KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14165686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+ammonia+to+early+life+stages+of+the+smallmouth+bass+at+four+pH+values.&rft.au=Broderius%2C+S%3BDrummond%2C+R%3BFiandt%2C+J%3BRussom%2C+C&rft.aulast=Broderius&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - embryos; toxicity; ammonia; pH effects; pH; Freshwater ER - TY - CONF T1 - Interpretation of new techniques used in the determination of pulmonary function in rodents. AN - 14162948; 976390 AB - Most of these techniques are adaptations of standard procedures applied to human patients in the assessment of chronic lung disease. The use of these procedures in small animals is thought to measure properties of static and dynamic lung function analogous to those of man, and thereby, may be useful in the characterization of experimental lung disease. The noninvasiveness and repeatability of lung function tests provide a diverse tool for the study of progressive pulmonary dysfunction resulting from chronic toxicant insult. When compared to other standard measures of lung injury, such as histopathology, pulmonary function tests appear to have comparable sensitivity; however, this appears to be toxicant dependent. Used best as adjuncts to other bioassay procedures, function tests can complete the overall assessment of toxicant impact by not only indicating pulmonary debility, but often characterizing the nature and site of the functional lesion. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Costa, D L Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 423 EP - 434 VL - 5 IS - 3 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - bioassays KW - laboratory testing KW - respiratory diseases KW - rats KW - toxicants KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SM10.24:PULMONARY DISEASES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14162948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+new+techniques+used+in+the+determination+of+pulmonary+function+in+rodents.&rft.au=Costa%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Costa&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental management concerns in three New England estuaries. AN - 14162429; 979083 AB - Three New England estuaries, Long Island Sound, Narragansett Bay, and Buzzards Bay are characterized by large losses of shellfish resources due to closures associated with coliform contamination. Each region has particular problems associated with the nature of local discharges: eutrophication in western Long Island Sound, PCB contamination of finfish and lobsters in Buzzards Bay, and metal contamination of shellfish in Narragansett Bay. JF - Estuaries AU - Wiltse, W AU - Connor AD - U.S. EPA, Boston, MA, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 VL - 8 IS - 2B SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - ANW, Long Island Sound KW - ANW, Narragansett Bay KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - microbial contamination KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Buzzards Bay KW - shellfish KW - brackishwater pollution KW - fish poisoning KW - eutrophication KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - PCB KW - heavy metals KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q2:09441 KW - O 8050:Conferences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14162429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Environmental+management+concerns+in+three+New+England+estuaries.&rft.au=Wiltse%2C+W%3BConnor&rft.aulast=Wiltse&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=48A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microbial contamination; shellfish; fish poisoning; brackishwater pollution; eutrophication; heavy metals; PCB; ANW, USA, Massachusetts, Buzzards Bay; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships involving fine particle mass, fine particle sulfur and ozone during episodic periods at sites in and around St. Louis, MO. AN - 14162049; 976288 AB - The measurements during episodic periods in the St. Louis area in 1975 and 1976 of fine particle sulfur, fine particle mass and ozone are related. Such episodes are concentrated into time periods in the late spring and summer months. During such episodes, particle sulfur is the major constituent of the fine particle mass. The sum of the non-sulfur species in the fine particle mass do not show similar episodic patterns as the fine particle sulfur. Elevated concentrations of fine particle sulfur and of ozone usually occur together within the same episodic time periods. However, the day to day variations in fine particle sulfur and of ozone do differ somewhat within these time periods. Both fine particle sulfur and ozone show the influence of regional scale and local scale atmospheric photochemical processes on their formation during episodic time periods. Regional scale boundary layer processes frequently appear to contribute more to fine particle sulfur concentrations than to ozone formation. Local scale primary emissions also contribute to the ambient fine particle sulfur concentrations at core urban locations. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Altshuller, A P AD - Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., Off. Res. and Dev., U.S. E.P.A., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 265 EP - 276 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - St. Louis KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - plumes KW - ozone KW - sulfates KW - boundary layers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14162049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Relationships+involving+fine+particle+mass%2C+fine+particle+sulfur+and+ozone+during+episodic+periods+at+sites+in+and+around+St.+Louis%2C+MO.&rft.au=Altshuller%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Altshuller&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; sulfates; plumes; boundary layers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of an optical particle size monitor and a cascade impactor for in-stack source testing. AN - 14161841; 976198 AB - Particle size measurements by a prototype in-stack optical particle size monitor are compared to concurrent particle size measurements by an in-stack cascade impactor at three coal-fired fly ash sources. The results indicate that the optical monitor and impactor size measurements defined similar particle size distributions between 0.2 and 20 mu m. Particles smaller than 0.2 mu m, as expected, were not observed by the optical sizer. Particles larger than 20 mu m were also expected to be detectable, but the optical instruments may have some sensitivity to the larger size particles. Mean size measurements by the optical instrument were always larger than median size measurements by the impactor. The difference was 16 and 36% for two tests conditions where the fine particle fractions below 0.2 mu m were small. The difference increased to 57 and 151% for two test conditions where the fine particle fractions below 0.2 mu m were large. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Conner, W D AU - Knapp, K T AD - Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 458 EP - 461 VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - monitoring measurements KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - fly ash KW - particle size KW - coal KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14161841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+an+optical+particle+size+monitor+and+a+cascade+impactor+for+in-stack+source+testing.&rft.au=Conner%2C+W+D%3BKnapp%2C+K+T&rft.aulast=Conner&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=458&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - particle size; coal; fly ash ER - TY - CONF T1 - Trends in ambient concentrations of agrochemicals in humans and the environment of the United States. AN - 14160816; 976994 AB - Uses of pesticides and related agrochemicals have been regulated in the United States since 1948. The United States government has supported human and environmental monitoring for pesticides and selected toxic chemicals for the past 15 yr. The initial ambient monitoring systems were designed to determine average concentrations of pesticides and related chemicals in human and environmental media on a nationwide basis and determine changes in these concentrations over time. The results of these surveys showed that almost all of the general human population and various environmental components contained low concentrations of chlorinated pesticides. As the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) restricted many uses of the chlorinated pesticides, the organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides which replaced them were not as easily monitored by ambient surveys. Special monitoring studies had to be done more frequently to produce data on these compounds which were not as persistent or accumulative in the environment. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Carey, A E AU - Kutz, F W Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 155 EP - 163 VL - 5 IS - 2 KW - United States KW - carbamates KW - EPA KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - pollution monitoring KW - environmental monitoring KW - USA KW - pesticides KW - H SE5.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14160816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Trends+in+ambient+concentrations+of+agrochemicals+in+humans+and+the+environment+of+the+United+States.&rft.au=Carey%2C+A+E%3BKutz%2C+F+W&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing point/nonpoint source loadings: A cost-effective approach to nutrient reduction in the Chesapeake Bay. AN - 14160486; 976425 AB - Nonpoint source (NPS) is a national water pollution problem that is amenable to innovative management approaches. One such method is exchange of load reductions between point and nonpoint sources. The U.S. EPA is currently evaluating the economic and environmental feasibility of exchanging pollutant loads between point and NPS in the Chesapeake Bay drainage where agricultural NPS is a major problem. JF - Estuaries AU - Jaksch, JA AU - Podar, M AU - Macknis, J AU - Tippie, V AD - Chesapeake Bay Program, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 VL - 8 IS - 2B SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - ANW, Chesapeake Bay KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - agriculture KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - costs KW - pollution control KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - O 8050:Conferences KW - Q2:09441 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14160486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Optimizing+point%2Fnonpoint+source+loadings%3A+A+cost-effective+approach+to+nutrient+reduction+in+the+Chesapeake+Bay.&rft.au=Jaksch%2C+JA%3BPodar%2C+M%3BMacknis%2C+J%3BTippie%2C+V&rft.aulast=Jaksch&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2B&rft.spage=52A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; costs; pollution control; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's LIMB technology development program. AN - 14152992; 975844 AB - This technology represents a lower cost alternative to currently available SO sub(x) control approaches such as flue gas desulfurization, coal cleaning, and coal switching. JF - Chemical Engineering Progress AU - Lachapelle, D G AD - U.S. E.P.A., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 56 EP - 62 VL - 81 IS - 5 SN - 0360-7275, 0360-7275 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - cleaning process KW - flue gas desulfurization KW - sulfur oxides KW - coal KW - economics KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H SI2.20:COAL INDUSTRIES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14152992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Engineering+Progress&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+LIMB+technology+development+program.&rft.au=Lachapelle%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Lachapelle&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Engineering+Progress&rft.issn=03607275&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sulfur oxides; cleaning process; coal; flue gas desulfurization; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary assessment of 10 mu m particulate sampling at eight locations in the United States. AN - 14152901; 976413 AB - The first year of data for 10 mu m particles from the Environmental Protection Agency's Inhalable Particulate Network are summarized and discussed. The discussion includes comparison among the various samplers and particulate size fractions. The data base is composed of measurements made on an every-sixth-day sampling schedule at eight different locations in 1982. This preliminary review indicates that the overall ratio of the 10 mu m fraction (PM10) to Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) is 0.485 and the relationship is reasonably linear. The relationships between PM10 and the 15 mu m fraction (IP) are very linear for all sites, increasing the utility of the existing Inhalable Particulate data bases. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Rodes, CE AU - Evans, E G AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 293 EP - 303 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - United States KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - data bases KW - atmosphere KW - particulates KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14152901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Preliminary+assessment+of+10+mu+m+particulate+sampling+at+eight+locations+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Rodes%2C+CE%3BEvans%2C+E+G&rft.aulast=Rodes&rft.aufirst=CE&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - particulates; EPA; data bases; atmosphere ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic toxicology of humic acid following chlorination in the rat. AN - 14151788; 975910 AB - A subchronic 90-d study was conducted with chlorinated and nonchlorinated humic acids using male Sprague-Dawley rats. Significant findings were confined to those rats given the high dose of chlorinated humic acid (1.0 g/I total organic carbon). The termianl body weight and average weekly body weight gain were significantly lower in the high-dose group as compared to the distilled-water control group. This difference can be partially explained by a 16% lower daily fluid consumption. The average weight of the kidneys was significantly higher in the 1.0-g/I chlorinated humic group. The most significant finding was the increased incidence and severity of hematuria in the 1.0-g/I chlorinated humic acid group. A thorough histopathological examination of the entire urinary tract indicated that the most likely cause of the more severe incidences of hematuria in the rats was caused by crystalline deposits in the renal pelvis. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Condie, L W AU - Laurie, R D AU - Bercz, J P AD - Target Org. Toxicol. Branch, Toxicol. and Microbiol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 305 EP - 314 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - humic acid KW - chronic toxicity KW - rats KW - humic acids KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicology KW - chlorination KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14151788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Subchronic+toxicology+of+humic+acid+following+chlorination+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Condie%2C+L+W%3BLaurie%2C+R+D%3BBercz%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Condie&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rats; toxicology; chlorination; humic acids ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Model prediction of volatile emissions. AN - 14150965; 962110 AB - This paper presents a comparison of measured and estimated emission rates based on recent field sampling results and theoretical models in the literature. The emission measurements, mostly sponsored by EPA, are used for comparison. The measurements are performed at landfills, surface impoundments, and a land treatment facility. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Hwang, ST AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St., S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 141 EP - 144 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - air quality KW - monitoring measurements KW - emission control KW - volatiles KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - waste disposal sites KW - mathematical models KW - air pollution KW - waste treatment KW - pollution control KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - D 04804:Pollution control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14150965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Model+prediction+of+volatile+emissions.&rft.au=Hwang%2C+ST&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=ST&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air quality; waste treatment; mathematical models; emission control; pollution control; air pollution; waste disposal sites; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. sludge management guidelines explained. AN - 14145330; 976071 AB - The Need for effective sludge management is continual and growing. In the United States, the quantity of municipal sludge produced annually has almost doubled since 1972 when the U.S. Congress enacted the Clean Water Act (Public Law 92-500) which imposed uniform minimum treatment requirements for municipal wastewater. Municipalities currently generate approximately 6.2 million dry metric tons of wastewater sludge a year or approximately 26 kilograms per person per year. The attention and issues related to the reuse and disposal of municipal sludge have increased significantly in this decade and will remain a major environmental area of concern for many years to come. The purpose of this article is to describe the current effort by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop comprehensive regulations on the reuse and disposal of municipal sludge. JF - Water and Waste Treatment AU - Lomnitz, ED AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 37 EP - 42 VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1133, 0043-1133 KW - United States KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - government regulations KW - EPA KW - sludge treatment KW - wastewater treatment KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14145330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+and+Waste+Treatment&rft.atitle=U.S.+sludge+management+guidelines+explained.&rft.au=Lomnitz%2C+ED&rft.aulast=Lomnitz&rft.aufirst=ED&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+and+Waste+Treatment&rft.issn=00431133&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sludge treatment; wastewater treatment; EPA; government regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The air toxics problem in the United States: An analysis of cancer risks posed by selected air pollutants. AN - 14142186; 962005 AB - The so-called "Six Month Study" of the air toxics problem in the United States was initiated in November 1983 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The study focused on the magnitude, nature, and distribution of the problem - three major issues that were felt to be most useful to policy makers as they attempted to define the scope and direction of a national program for controlling toxic air pollutants. This paper is based on a draft staff report on the study released for review in September 1984. The report has not been formally released by the U.S. EPA; a final report is due by late spring of 1985. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Thomson, V E AU - Jones, A AU - Haemisegger, E AU - Steigerwald, B AD - Off. Air and Radiat., U.S. EPA, 401 M St., S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 535 EP - 540 VL - 35 IS - 5 KW - risks KW - air pollutants KW - United States KW - EPA KW - man KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - carcinogens KW - USA KW - risk assessment KW - cancer KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14142186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=The+air+toxics+problem+in+the+United+States%3A+An+analysis+of+cancer+risks+posed+by+selected+air+pollutants.&rft.au=Thomson%2C+V+E%3BJones%2C+A%3BHaemisegger%2C+E%3BSteigerwald%2C+B&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; cancer; risk assessment; EPA; air pollution; carcinogens; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship between neurological damage and neurotoxic esterase inhibition in rats acutely exposed to tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate. AN - 14138691; 968303 AB - A rodent model of organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) has been developed using Long-Evans adult male rats exposed to tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP). In the present study an attempt was made to relate neurochemical with neuropathological changes in rats exposed to single dosages of TOCP ranging from 145 to 3480 mg/kg. The data indicate that NTE inhibition may be used as a biochemical predictor for TOCP-induced neurological damage in rats. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Padilla, S AU - Veronesi, B AD - Neurotoxicol. Div. (MD 74-B), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 78 EP - 87 VL - 78 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - induction KW - relationship KW - inhibition KW - TOCP KW - organophosphates KW - neurotoxic esterase KW - rats KW - tri-o-tolyl phosphate KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - neuropathology KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14138691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+relationship+between+neurological+damage+and+neurotoxic+esterase+inhibition+in+rats+acutely+exposed+to+tri-ortho-cresyl+phosphate.&rft.au=Padilla%2C+S%3BVeronesi%2C+B&rft.aulast=Padilla&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neuropathology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Protection Agency's risk management policy. AN - 14121002; 933264 JF - Environmental Progress AU - Patrick AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 20 EP - 22 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - environmental management KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - conservation KW - federal policies KW - risk assessment KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14121002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+risk+management+policy.&rft.au=Patrick&rft.aulast=Patrick&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; risk assessment; federal policies; conservation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of rainbow trout early life stages to nickel chloride. AN - 14120763; 941474 AB - Four acute tests (96-h) with juvenile fish and four early life stage tests with embryos and larvae were completed with rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri ). Ninety-six-hour flow-through LC50 values for juveniles ranged from 8.1 to 10.9 mg/L nickel. Two early life stage tests were started with newly fertilized eggs, one test was started with eyed eggs and one test was started with pre-swim-up larval fish. No observed effect levels (NOEL), the highest nickel concentration without statistically significant adverse effects, for the two tests with newly fertilized eggs were less than 35 and 35 mu g/L. The NOEL for the tests starting with eyed eggs and larval fish was 134 mu g/L nickel. Early life stages were most sensitive when newly fertilized eggs were initially exposed, followed in sensitivity by eyed eggs, larval fish and juvenile fish. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Savonen, C AU - Stevens, D G AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 233 EP - 239 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Salmo gairdneri KW - juveniles KW - laboratory testing KW - nickel KW - nickel chloride KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - Freshwater KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14120763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+rainbow+trout+early+life+stages+to+nickel+chloride.&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BSavonen%2C+C%3BStevens%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; juveniles; nickel; laboratory testing; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of the EPA particulate technology R&D program. AN - 14105266; 932392 AB - A number of key projects in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) particulate R&D program having applicability to industry are presented. For electrostatic precipitators (ESP) there is presented the result of work on large diameter discharge electrodes which provide a decrease in penetration of up to a factor of 4 when compared to conventional small diameter electrodes. Also discussed is the multistage ESP which provides a collection efficiency that would require a collecting plate area 4 or 5 times larger with conventional SP technology. The X-SOX technology makes use of the multistage concept to free up space in the ESP for SO sub(2) removals of up to 90%. Electrostatically augmented fabric filtration provides a reduction in pressure drop of about 50% as compared to conventional fabric filtration. Wind tunnel modelling of windbreaks for material storage piles indicates a potential for providing engineering design data that would allow significant emission reduction caused by wind erosion. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Plaks, N AD - Particul. Technol. Branch, Air Energy Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 400 EP - 405 VL - 35 IS - 4 KW - research and development KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - erosion KW - particulates KW - research programs KW - wind KW - sulfur dioxide KW - emission control KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14105266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Overview+of+the+EPA+particulate+technology+R%26amp%3BD+program.&rft.au=Plaks%2C+N&rft.aulast=Plaks&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=400&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sulfur dioxide; emission control; wind; erosion; research programs; particulates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA program for treatment alternatives for hazardous waste. AN - 14104197; 932416 AB - Both Congress and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) believe that treatment and recovery should be the preferred methods for managing the nation's hazardous waste to reduce the potential for harm to human health or the environment. In the 1984 amendments to RCRA, Congress mandated that land disposal of certain regulated hazardous waste be prohibited and that treatment standards be developed for wastes banned from land disposal. In order to be able to provide current, high quality information on the treatment technologies that are available as alternatives to land disposal, EPA expanded its ongoing efforts to regulate incinerators and hazardous waste combustion by forming the Treatment, Recycling and Reduction Program in 1984. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - White, D C AD - Off. Solid Waste, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 369 EP - 399 VL - 35 IS - 4 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - recycling KW - combustion KW - hazardous materials KW - EPA KW - incinerators KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14104197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=EPA+program+for+treatment+alternatives+for+hazardous+waste.&rft.au=White%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous materials; combustion; recycling; incinerators; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of simulated sulfuric acid rain on the chemistry of a sulfate-adsorbing forest soil. AN - 14102723; 933519 AB - Simulated H sub(2)SO sub(4) rain (pH 3.0, 3.5, 4.0) or control rain (pH 5.6) was applied for 3.5 yr to large lysimeter boxes containing a sulfate-adsorbing forest soil and either red alder (Alnus rubra) Bong) or sugar maple (Acer saccharum March.) seedlings. After removal of the plants and the litter layer, soil samples were obtained at 15-cm intervals to a total depth of 90 cm. Elevated SO sub(4) concentrations caused by the simulated H sub(2)DO sub(4) rain were most pronounced for top 15 cm, but extended down to 45 cm (maple) or 75 cm (alder). There were no effects on SO sub(4) concentrations at a depth of 75 to 90 cm. Elevated concentrations of NO sub(3) and extractable Zn throughout the alder systems indicated (1) either increased rates of symbiotic N-fixation or decreased rates of N immobilization; and (2) mobilization of Zn by all acid rain treatments. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Lee, J J AD - Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., Off. Res. and Dev., U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 185 EP - 193 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - models KW - acid precipitation KW - soils KW - Alnus ruba KW - sulfates KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Acer saccharum KW - simulation KW - absorption KW - soil microorganisms KW - pollution effects KW - forests KW - acid rain KW - nitrogen cycle KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - A 01044:General KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - J 02901:Soil and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14102723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Effect+of+simulated+sulfuric+acid+rain+on+the+chemistry+of+a+sulfate-adsorbing+forest+soil.&rft.au=Lee%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acer saccharum; simulation; sulfates; absorption; acid rain; forests; nitrogen cycle; soil microorganisms; pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field comparison of PM sub(10) inlets at four locations. AN - 14102271; 934540 AB - A comprehensive field study was conducted comparing the performance of PM sub(10) inlets under a variety of field conditions. Inlets for low flow, medium flow, and high flow samplers were evaluated at four sampling locations providing a range of concentrations and particle sizes. Sampler precisions were determined at each location along with the regression parameter estimates comparing sampler types. The daily distributions of mass by aerodynamic diameter were measured using the Wide Range Aerosol Classifier and the composited data reported. The expected mass concentrations were calculated using the sampler effectiveness data and the size distributions and then compared to the measured values. This permitted examination of the utility of the proposed Federal Reference Method (FRM) approach for specifying PM sub(10) samplers. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Rodes, CE AU - Holland, D M AU - Purdue, L J AU - Rehme, KA AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 345 EP - 354 VL - 35 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - particle size KW - aerosols KW - air pollution KW - fluid mechanics KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14102271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Field+comparison+of+PM+sub%2810%29+inlets+at+four+locations.&rft.au=Rodes%2C+CE%3BHolland%2C+D+M%3BPurdue%2C+L+J%3BRehme%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Rodes&rft.aufirst=CE&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - particle size; aerosols; fluid mechanics; air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic degradation of trichlorethylene in soil. AN - 14101987; 933560 AB - When trichloroethylene (TCE) isotopically labeled with one super(13)C atom is used and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry is employed to monitor the production of 1,2-dichloroethylene- super(13)C sub(1) (DCE), it has been demonstrated that reductive dechlorination of TCE takes place in the soil. Microbial involvement in this process is indicated since unsterilized soil samples yielded up to 78 ppb of labeled DCE while sterilized soil samples produced none. Isomer specificity was also found; only 1,2-DCE was produced -- no 1,1-DCE was observed. JF - Environmental Science and Technology AU - Kleopfer, R D AU - Easley, D M AU - Haas, BB Jr AU - Deihl, T G AU - Jackson, DE AU - Wurrey, C J AD - Reg. VII Lab., U.S. E.P.A., Kansas City, KS 66115, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 277 EP - 280 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - trichloroethylene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - biodegradation KW - anaerobic conditions KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14101987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+degradation+of+trichlorethylene+in+soil.&rft.au=Kleopfer%2C+R+D%3BEasley%2C+D+M%3BHaas%2C+BB+Jr%3BDeihl%2C+T+G%3BJackson%2C+DE%3BWurrey%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Kleopfer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; anaerobic conditions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid rain policy development. AN - 14101930; 932748 JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Elkins, CL AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 202 EP - 204 VL - 35 IS - 3 KW - acid precipitation KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - federal policies KW - environmental protection KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14101930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Acid+rain+policy+development.&rft.au=Elkins%2C+CL&rft.aulast=Elkins&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - APCA Int. Seminar Ser.: Acid Rain Options. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - federal policies; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonpoint sources of water pollution. AN - 14090345; 918712 JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Myers, C F AU - Meek, J AU - Tuller, S AU - Weinberg, A AD - Nonpoint Sources Branch, U.S. EPA, 401 M St., S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 14 EP - 18 VL - 40 IS - 1 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - nonpoint pollution KW - nonpoint sources KW - pollution sources KW - reviews KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - water pollution KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q2:09444 KW - D 04800:Pollution studies - general KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14090345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Nonpoint+sources+of+water+pollution.&rft.au=Myers%2C+C+F%3BMeek%2C+J%3BTuller%2C+S%3BWeinberg%2C+A&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Nonpoint water pollution. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water pollution; pollution control; reviews; pollution sources; nonpoint pollution; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproducibility of individual responses to ozone exposure. AN - 14050450; 877221 AB - Because large intersubject differences in the magnitudes of response to a single ozone (O sub(3)) exposure have been observed, the authors undertook to determine if this variability were due to differences in intrinsic responsiveness to O sub(3) or to other factors. Thirty-two subjects were exposed to 1 of 5 O sub(3) concentrations, and each underwent one or more repeat exposures separated by from 3 wk to 14 months. Magnitudes of change for pulmonary function variables, respiratory rate and tidal volume, and for reported symptoms were compared for the repeated exposures. Changes induced in forced expiratory spirometric measurements were highly reproducible for as long as 10 months and for all tested O sub(3) concentrations of 0.18 ppm or greater. This high degree of reproducibility indicates that the magnitude of response to a single exposure is a precise estimate of that subject's intrinsic O sub(3) responsiveness. They conclude that the previously observed intersubject variability in magnitude of O sub(3)-induced effects is the result of large differences in intrinsic responsiveness to O sub(3). JF - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Horstman, D H AU - Abdul-Salaam, S AU - House, DE AD - U.S. EPA, Med. Res., Build. C-224H, Univ. North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 36 EP - 40 VL - 131 IS - 1 SN - 0003-0805, 0003-0805 KW - effects on KW - ozone KW - monitoring measurements KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - respiratory system KW - toxicology KW - respiratory function KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14050450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.atitle=Reproducibility+of+individual+responses+to+ozone+exposure.&rft.au=McDonnell%2C+W+F%3BHorstman%2C+D+H%3BAbdul-Salaam%2C+S%3BHouse%2C+DE&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Respiratory+and+Critical+Care+Medicine&rft.issn=00030805&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; toxicology; respiratory system; respiratory function; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of the time of acidification after sample collection on the preservation of drinking water for lead determination AN - 13836816; 198504318 AB - Practical problems associated with acidifying water samples to preserve them before the determination of lead are discussed, including handling and transportation. Drinking water samples containing known concentrations of lead were acidified at different time intervals after collection, up to 14 days. The water samples were then stored at room temperature for varying times prior to lead determination by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry, with deuterium background correction. Results are presented in graphical form for each of two lead concentrations, 26 and 105 ug per litre. All acidified spiked samples gave a higher lead value than unacidified samples having comparable lead concentrations. In general, all acidified samples had average lead recoveries within 10 per cent of their initial control values. It was concluded that acidification of water samples could be delayed by up to 14 days without adversely affecting lead concentration data, thus avoiding practical difficulties in the field associated with handling of concentrated nitric acid. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Miller, R G AU - Doerger, JU AU - Kopfler, F C AU - Stober, J AU - Robertson, P AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1020 EP - 1023 VL - 57 IS - 6 KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13836816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+the+time+of+acidification+after+sample+collection+on+the+preservation+of+drinking+water+for+lead+determination&rft.au=Miller%2C+R+G%3BDoerger%2C+JU%3BKopfler%2C+F+C%3BStober%2C+J%3BRobertson%2C+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1020&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing pumping strategies for contaminant studies and remedial actions AN - 13836306; 198503332 AB - The migration of contaminant plumes had been controlled by using pumping wells to alter local flow patterns and hydraulic gradients. The optimization of pumping well location and discharge rate was complicated by heterogenous anisotropic aquifer conditions and distorted cones of depression. Screen selection, gravel pack emplacement and well development were crucial factors. The impacts of well depth and diameter and screen length and position were often undervalued. Demographic constraints, such as denial of property access, vandalism, unpredictable water supply and irrigation pumping had also to be considered. JF - Ground Water Monitoring Review AU - Keely, J F AD - U.S. EPA, Ada, Okla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 63 EP - 74 VL - 4 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13836306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.atitle=Optimizing+pumping+strategies+for+contaminant+studies+and+remedial+actions&rft.au=Keely%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Keely&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of bituminous coal as an alternative technique for field concentration of waterborne viruses AN - 13836144; 198503385 AB - The filter system described consisted of a bituminous coal preparation sandwiched between two AP20 prefilters. Elution required only 40 ml eluent, and no secondary preconcentration steps were needed. The filter was effective over a pH range of 3.0-7.0. Recoveries of poliovirus type 1 from seeded samples (100 litre) of Cincinnati tap water were not significantly different to those achieved using Millipore or Filterite filters. Virus recovery from raw domestic sewage was similar to that obtained using Millipore disk filters. These results indicated that the bituminous coal technique was a viable and inexpensive alternative to the currently used methods, and would be of particular value in developing countries. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Dahling AU - Phirke, P M AU - Wright, E A AU - Safferman, R S AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1222 EP - 1225 VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Filterite KW - Millipore KW - Filters (see also packed columns, groups below) KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13836144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Use+of+bituminous+coal+as+an+alternative+technique+for+field+concentration+of+waterborne+viruses&rft.au=Dahling%3BPhirke%2C+P+M%3BWright%2C+E+A%3BSafferman%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Dahling&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic degradation of trichloroethylene in soil AN - 13835296; 198502236 AB - The mechanism involved in anaerobic degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in soil were investigated using TCE labelled with a single carbon-13 atom and soil from a site of a TCE spill. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to monitor the products of decomposition. TCE was definitely dechlorinated in the soil to 1,2-dichloroethylene. Degradation appeared to be biological, since no such conversion was observed in samples of sterilized soil. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Kleopfer, R D AU - Easley, D M AU - Haas, B B AU - Delhi, T G AU - Jackson, DE AU - Wurrey, C AD - U.S. EPA, Kansas City, Kans. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 277 EP - 280 VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13835296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+degradation+of+trichloroethylene+in+soil&rft.au=Kleopfer%2C+R+D%3BEasley%2C+D+M%3BHaas%2C+B+B%3BDelhi%2C+T+G%3BJackson%2C+DE%3BWurrey%2C+C&rft.aulast=Kleopfer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiological sampling and analytical methods for national primary drinking water regulations AN - 13834166; 198503741 AB - The analytical screening, sample collection, storage and analysis procedures, selection of methods, reliability of results and possible future needs of radiological sampling and analysis of drinking water in the U.S.A. are reviewed. There was a problem with the screening method for gross alpha-particle activity measurement, and using radium-226 analysis for estimating radium-228 levels. In some aquifers the levels of the two radium isotopes were unrelated. Direct measurement of radium-228 was recommended. Radiometric uranium analysis and studies to determine analytical uncertainties while assessing reliable sampling are proposed. There are 36 references. JF - Health Physics AU - Blanchard, R L AU - Hahne, RMA AU - Kahn, B AU - McCurdy, D AU - Mellor, R A AU - Moore, W S AU - Sedlet, J AU - Whittaker, E AD - U.S. EPA, Montgomery, Ala. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 587 EP - 600 VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13834166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Radiological+sampling+and+analytical+methods+for+national+primary+drinking+water+regulations&rft.au=Blanchard%2C+R+L%3BHahne%2C+RMA%3BKahn%2C+B%3BMcCurdy%2C+D%3BMellor%2C+R+A%3BMoore%2C+W+S%3BSedlet%2C+J%3BWhittaker%2C+E&rft.aulast=Blanchard&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=587&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence of viruses in treated drinking water in the United States AN - 13833417; 198503559 AB - After reviewing earlier reports on the occurrence of viruses in water supplies, a study carried out by the U.S. EPA over the period 1974-78, to survey the incidence of viruses in treated water supplies in 11 states throughout the U.S.A. is described. No viruses were isolated from any of these samples. Subsequently, more detailed studies were carried out in Missouri and Michigan at 2 water works using polluted surface waters as a source of supply. The methods used for recovery and detection of viruses are outlined. Viruses were present in the raw water at both plants, but none were found in the treated chlorinated water. A bibliography of 30 references is appended. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Akin, E W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 689 EP - 700 VL - 17 IS - 4/5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13833417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Occurrence+of+viruses+in+treated+drinking+water+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Akin%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Akin&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4%2F5&rft.spage=689&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of Fenthion residues in samples of marine biota and seawater from laboratory exposures and field applications AN - 13833383; 198503568 AB - A method suitable for the measuring low concentrations of the organophosphate insecticide fenthion in estuarine water and biota is described. The method incorporated solvent extraction followed by a silica gel clean-up procedure prior to determination by gas liquid chromatography with thermionic detection. The clean-up procedure required relatively little time and eliminated the need for co-extractives. Recovery of fenthion exceeded 85 per cent with adequate sensitivity. Detection levels of 0.010 ug per litre and 0.010 ug per gram were reported for seawater and biota respectively. JF - Journal of Chromatographic Science AU - Lores, E M AU - Moore, J C AU - Knight, J AU - Forester, J AU - Clark, J AU - Moody, P AD - U.S. EPA, Sabine Island, Fla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 124 EP - 127 VL - 23 IS - 13 SN - 0021-9665, 0021-9665 KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13833383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.atitle=Determination+of+Fenthion+residues+in+samples+of+marine+biota+and+seawater+from+laboratory+exposures+and+field+applications&rft.au=Lores%2C+E+M%3BMoore%2C+J+C%3BKnight%2C+J%3BForester%2C+J%3BClark%2C+J%3BMoody%2C+P&rft.aulast=Lores&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=124&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.issn=00219665&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioavailability of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin from municipal fly ash to freshwater fish AN - 13832956; 198504414 AB - Carp were exposed to various concentrations of fly ash from the electrostatic precipitators of 2 municipal incinerators. Results from static and flow through experiments showed that carp exposed to fly ash containing all 22 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin isomers, or the solvent extract of the fly ash, retained only 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Residue levels in carp exposed to fly ash were lower than those exposed to fly ash extract under identical conditions. Fish exposed to fly ash with a high percentage of organic carbon had lower residue levels than those exposed to fly ash with low organic carbon even though levels of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the former fly ash were higher. JF - Chemosphere AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Cook, P M AU - Batterman, A R AU - Lothenbach, D B AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 427 EP - 437 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13832956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Bioavailability+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+from+municipal+fly+ash+to+freshwater+fish&rft.au=Kuehl%2C+D+W%3BCook%2C+P+M%3BBatterman%2C+A+R%3BLothenbach%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Kuehl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method for aquatic multiple species toxicant testing: Acute toxicity of 10 chemicals to 5 vertebrates and 2 invertebrates AN - 13831875; 198502796 AB - Ninety-six hour LC50 values were determined in 7 freshwater species simultaneously by exposing all species, in separate compartments of the same exposure tank, to measured concentrations of test chemical under flow-through conditions. The test species included fathead minnows, goldfish, channel catfish, bluegill, rainbow trout, crayfish and snails. The test compounds were pentachlorophenol, 2-chloroethanol, 2,4-pentanedione, hexachloroethane, a-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyacetophenone, benzaldehyde, 1,3-dichloro-4,6-dinitrobenzene, dursban, sevin and cadmium chloride. LC50 values obtained were usually within 20 per cent of the values determined in single-species tests. The multiple species tests allowed interspecific comparisons, easy determination of the most sensitive species and were less expensive than testing the species individually. JF - Environmental Pollution (Series A) AU - Phipps, G L AU - Holcombe, G W AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 141 EP - 157 VL - 38 IS - 2 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - Animals (vertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Hexachloroethane KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13831875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%28Series+A%29&rft.atitle=A+method+for+aquatic+multiple+species+toxicant+testing%3A+Acute+toxicity+of+10+chemicals+to+5+vertebrates+and+2+invertebrates&rft.au=Phipps%2C+G+L%3BHolcombe%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Phipps&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%28Series+A%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic halogen measurements: current uses and future prospects AN - 13831609; 198503952 AB - In a review of the literature, available methods for measuring total and purgeable organic halides were evaluated. The U.S. EPA Method 450.1, using carbon adsorption, oxidative combustion and measurement of hydrogen halide by microcoulometry, proved the most satisfactory. Total organic halide value could be used to indicate water quality and the presence of disinfection by-products. The use of total organic halide measurement as a surrogate for specific organohalides was also possible, although recovery rates varied widely. Average costs for measurement of total and purgeable organic halide were 99 and 77 dollars respectively. There are 39 references. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Stevens, A A AU - Dressman, R C AU - Sorrell, R K AU - Brass, HJ AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 146 EP - 154 VL - 77 IS - 4 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13831609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Organic+halogen+measurements%3A+current+uses+and+future+prospects&rft.au=Stevens%2C+A+A%3BDressman%2C+R+C%3BSorrell%2C+R+K%3BBrass%2C+HJ&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of tubificid oligochaetes on pollutant transport in bottom sediments AN - 13831179; 198501452 AB - The transport of hydrophobic pollutants (trifluralin, pentachlorobenzene, and hexachlorobenzene) in bottom sediments in the presence of tubificid obligochaetes (Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Tubifex tubifex) was studied, and compared with chemical transport by molecular diffusion in the absence of worms. In the microcosms containing stable worm populations, more than 90 per cent of the test chemicals were transported to the surface of the sediment within 30-50 days. However, the release of the pollutants into the overlying water column increased only 4- to 6-fold over a 90-day period in the presence of the worms. This was attributed to entrapment of the sorbed chemical in the faecal pellets, which significantly retarded release into the water. Less than 20 per cent of the chemical contained in an intact pellet was released during the 1-3 day residence period of the pellet at the surface of the sediment. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Karickhoff, S W AU - Morris, K R AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 51 EP - 56 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13831179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Impact+of+tubificid+oligochaetes+on+pollutant+transport+in+bottom+sediments&rft.au=Karickhoff%2C+S+W%3BMorris%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Karickhoff&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of endrin and malathion mixtures to flagfish (Jordanella floridae) AN - 13830956; 198504043 AB - The 24- and 48-h LC50 values for malathion in flagfish were 320 and 280 ug per litre respectively. The 96-h LC50 for endrin was 0.85 ug per litre. In acute toxicity experiments using mixtures of the two pesticides, joint action on mortality occurred at 48 and 72 hours but not at 10 and 24 hours. In chronic experiments with endrin (0.21-0.39 ug per litre), survival and growth were impaired at 0.39 ug per litre, and egg production at 0.29 and 0.39 ug per litre. Malathion (13.8-23.1 ug per litre) had no effect on survival or egg production, but growth was impaired by 18.5 and 23.1 ug per litre. These effects did not persist beyond day 30. In chronic experiments using endrin/malathion mixtures (0.20/15.3, 0.21/19.7, 0.22/23.3, 0.28/15.6, 0.28/19.8, 0.42/13.7 ug per litre), malathion additions of 13.7-15.6 ug per litre did not alter the effect of individual endrin concentrations on survival, but additions of 19.7-23.3 ug per litre produced 22-23 per cent higher mortalities than did the individual endrin concentrations. Chronic effects of mixtures on growth followed a simple additive model. Malathion did not alter the effect of endrin on egg production nor (in a separate test), did it affect endrin uptake or elimination. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Hermanutz, RO AU - Eaton, J G AU - Mueller, L H AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 304 EP - 314 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13830956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+endrin+and+malathion+mixtures+to+flagfish+%28Jordanella+floridae%29&rft.au=Hermanutz%2C+RO%3BEaton%2C+J+G%3BMueller%2C+L+H&rft.aulast=Hermanutz&rft.aufirst=RO&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=304&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photosensitized transformations involving electronic energy transfer in natural waters: role of humic substances AN - 13830832; 198501466 AB - The kinetics of photosensitized reactions involving the transfer of absorbed light energy from humic substances to trace organic compounds (pentadiene and dimethylfuran) in water were investigated in the laboratory. The photosensitized reactions of the pollutants occurred through energy transfer from molecules in their triplet states . Pollutants with triplet state energies less than 250 kJ per mol could participate in these photoreactions; such chemicals included most aromatic compounds with two or more fused aromatic rings, nitro-aromatic compounds, and chemicals with conjugated double bonds, such as diketones and polyenes. The rates of the humus-sensitized reactions depended strongly on di-oxygen concentration. The reactions occurring did not involve binding of the substrate by the humus. The data obtained were used to estimate the maximal rates of reactions photosensitized by humic substances. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Zepp, R G AU - Schlotzhauer, P F AU - Sink, R M AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 74 EP - 81 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Dimethylfuran KW - Triplet KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13830832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Photosensitized+transformations+involving+electronic+energy+transfer+in+natural+waters%3A+role+of+humic+substances&rft.au=Zepp%2C+R+G%3BSchlotzhauer%2C+P+F%3BSink%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on the bioavailability of 2,3,7,8-TCDD from municipal incinerator fly ash to freshwater fish AN - 13830729; 198504607 AB - A brief account is given of the methodology used in a series of toxicity tests to study the uptake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) from municipal incinerator fly ash by carp. Tabulated data are included on the composition of the PCDD in the fly ash. Fish preferentially accumulated the 2,3,7,8-isomer of the 22 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins present, regardless of whether they were exposed to the ash itself or to an extract of the ash. Uptake by the fish was greater when the PCDD were released from the ash before dosing the water. The concentration of the chemicals accumulated by the fish appeared to follow a dose-response curve. JF - Chemosphere AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Cook, P M AU - Batterman, A R AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 871 EP - 872 VL - 14 IS - 6/7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13830729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Studies+on+the+bioavailability+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-TCDD+from+municipal+incinerator+fly+ash+to+freshwater+fish&rft.au=Kuehl%2C+D+W%3BCook%2C+P+M%3BBatterman%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Kuehl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=6%2F7&rft.spage=871&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of bioconcentration in marine species using structure-activity models AN - 13830624; 198502443 AB - This study aimed to determine whether models established for predicting bioconcentration of organic chemicals in freshwater fish could be used with marine species. In tests with oyster (Crassostrea virginica), mussel (Mytilusedulis), pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides) and sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus), there was a linear relationship between bioconcentration factor (BCF) and the log of the octanol-water partition coefficient. Calculated BCF values generally overestimated measured values but results indicated that models developed for freshwater and marine species might be used interchangeably to predict the BCF of chemicals within one order of magnitude for screening purposes. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Zaroogian, GE AU - Heltshe, J F AU - Johnson, M AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 3 EP - 12 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13830624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+bioconcentration+in+marine+species+using+structure-activity+models&rft.au=Zaroogian%2C+GE%3BHeltshe%2C+J+F%3BJohnson%2C+M&rft.aulast=Zaroogian&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of chemicals used for drinking water disinfection for production of chromosomal damage and sperm-head abnormalities in mice AN - 13830386; 198502792 AB - To assess whether chronic ingestion of residual disinfectants in drinking water could cause significant genetic or carcinogenic hazards, experiments were carried out to determine whether chlorine, chlorine dioxide, monochloramine, and two reaction products of chlorine dioxide (chlorite and chlorate) would induce genotoxic effects on mice following oral administration. Oral administration of chlorine at pH 8.5 (where hypochlorite predominates), at doses equivalent to about 4 and 8 mg per kg day, induced a significant increase in the incidence of sperm-head abnormalities, but none of the disinfectants tested appeared to cause chromosome damage in a somatic cell type. Halogenated acetonitriles, which have been shown to form in the stomach of rats dosed orally with sodium hypochlorite, were also tested by the sperm-head abnormality assay, but appeared to cause no effect. JF - Environmental Mutagenesis AU - Meier, J R AU - Bull, R J AU - Stober, JA AU - Cimino, M C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 201 EP - 211 VL - 7 IS - 2 KW - Acetonitrile KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13830386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+chemicals+used+for+drinking+water+disinfection+for+production+of+chromosomal+damage+and+sperm-head+abnormalities+in+mice&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BBull%2C+R+J%3BStober%2C+JA%3BCimino%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new medium for the enumeration and subculture of bacteria from potable water AN - 13830145; 198502435 AB - The development of a new medium, designated R2A, for use in heterotrophic plate count analyses and for subculture of bacteria isolated from potable water samples is reported. Results presented from parallel studies with spread, membrane filter and pour plate procedures showed that R2A medium yielded significantly higher results than did plate count agar. Maximal bacterial counts were obtained after incubation at 20C for 14 days. For monitoring heterotrophic bacterial populations in water treatment processes and treated distribution water, the use of R2A spread or membrane filter plates incubated at 28C for 5 to 7 days was recommended. A modified R2A medium was useful for isolation and subculture of aquatic bacteria which would not grow on subculture to fresh plate count agar. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Reasoner, D J AU - Geldreich, GE AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1 EP - 7 VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Media KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13830145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+new+medium+for+the+enumeration+and+subculture+of+bacteria+from+potable+water&rft.au=Reasoner%2C+D+J%3BGeldreich%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Reasoner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of organotins on growth and survival of two marine diatoms, Skeletonema costatum and Thalassiosira pseudonana AN - 13829511; 198502742 AB - The effect of stannous chloride and 21 organotin compounds on population growth and survival of S. costatum and T. pseudonana was determined. Inorganic tin was only slightly toxic but 72-h EC50 and LC50 values showed tributyl- and triphenyltin compounds to be highly toxic. Although recovery occurred in vitro when cell density was high, a relatively large number of cells was killed at EC50 concentrations. No adaptation to TBTO or TPTO could be demonstrated in the laboratory. These findings indicated that organotins may threaten algal survival in contaminated ecosystems. JF - Chemosphere AU - Walsh, GE AU - McLaughlan, L L AU - Lores, E M AU - Louie, M K AU - Deans, CH AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 383 EP - 392 VL - 14 IS - 3/4 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13829511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Effects+of+organotins+on+growth+and+survival+of+two+marine+diatoms%2C+Skeletonema+costatum+and+Thalassiosira+pseudonana&rft.au=Walsh%2C+GE%3BMcLaughlan%2C+L+L%3BLores%2C+E+M%3BLouie%2C+M+K%3BDeans%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption dynamics of hydrophobic pollutants in sediment suspensions AN - 13827924; 198504898 AB - After reviewing existing mathematical models that had been used to describe the sorption kinetics of pollutants on sediment, experiments on the sorption of several hydrophobic organic compounds in suspensions of natural soils and sediments are described. Prolonged periods (days to weeks) were required for complete equilibration to be achieved. The process could be described by a 2-compartment model that distinguished rapid or labile exchange (taking at most a few hours) from highly-retarded or non-labile sorption. In general, no more than half the total sorption was labile, and the labile fraction could be as little as 0.1 for highly hydrophobic chemicals and high solids concentrations. The kinetic exchange constant for non-labile sorption varied inversely with the sorption equilibrium constant, i.e. the more highly sorbed chemicals sorbed more slowly. For some sediments, air-drying to facilitate storage and transport of samples had a marked effect on their sorption characteristics. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Karickhoff, S W AU - Morris, K R AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 469 EP - 479 VL - 4 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13827924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Sorption+dynamics+of+hydrophobic+pollutants+in+sediment+suspensions&rft.au=Karickhoff%2C+S+W%3BMorris%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Karickhoff&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of fish toxicity screening data for 55 alcohols with the quantitative structure-activity relationship predictions of minimum toxicity for nonreactive nonelectrolyte organic compounds AN - 13827665; 198504038 AB - Toxicity data at concentrations of 5-10 mg per litre was obtained for 55 alcohols, containing no additional heteroatom functional groups, from 4 fish screening studies. In general, these test results were consistent with LC50 values predicted by the narcotic QSAR equation of Konemann. The two alcohols (6-hendecanol,6-amyl- and methanol,tris(4-biphenyl)-) with the highest estimated logP values (6.91 and 9.23 respectively) were nontoxic, in contrast to predictions. This was explained by a water solubility cutoff. Of the 5 chemicals which were markedly more toxic than predicted, 4 contained a double or triple bond attached to a carbon atom bearing a primary or secondary alcohol moiety. The proposed mechanism for this toxicity involved the transformation of the alcohol to an electrophilic toxicant by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lipnick, R L AU - Johnson, DE AU - Gilford, J H AU - Bickings, C K AU - Newsome, L D AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 281 EP - 296 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13827665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+fish+toxicity+screening+data+for+55+alcohols+with+the+quantitative+structure-activity+relationship+predictions+of+minimum+toxicity+for+nonreactive+nonelectrolyte+organic+compounds&rft.au=Lipnick%2C+R+L%3BJohnson%2C+DE%3BGilford%2C+J+H%3BBickings%2C+C+K%3BNewsome%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Lipnick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene on estuarine macrobenthic communities exposed via water and sediment AN - 13827124; 198601469 AB - The concentrations of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) in the environment were expected to increase owing to a decision to substitute TCB for polychlorinated biphenyls in the electrical industry. Effects of a 6-day exposure to TCB in water on macrobenthic animals which colonized sand-filled aquaria for 50 days were determined by comparing community structures in contaminated and uncontaminated aquaria. The lowest toxic levels in water were 0.04 mg per litre for molluscs, 0.4 mg per litre for arthropods, and 4 mg per litre for annelids. In sediment, the lowest toxic levels were 100 ug per g for molluscs and echinoderms, and 1000 ug per g for arthropods and annelids. Average number of species in the experimental aquaria was significantly lower than the control at 100 ug TCB per g sediment or more. JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety AU - Tagatz, ME AU - Plaia, G R AU - Deans, CH AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 351 EP - 360 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13827124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.atitle=Effects+of+1%2C2%2C4-trichlorobenzene+on+estuarine+macrobenthic+communities+exposed+via+water+and+sediment&rft.au=Tagatz%2C+ME%3BPlaia%2C+G+R%3BDeans%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Tagatz&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative acute sensitivities of early life stages of atherinid fishes to chlorpyrifos and thiobencarb AN - 13826936; 198600358 AB - Three atherinid fishes: Leuresthes tenuis (California grunion), Menidia menidia (Atlantic silverside), and Menidia peninsulae (tidewater silverside), of four ages (day-of-hatch, 7-day, 14-day, and 28-day), were compared in 96-h LC50 tests. Each age-species combination was exposed to the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos and the carbamate herbicide thiobencarb in both flowing and static seawater. Chlorpyrifos was highly toxic to all three species (96-h LC50 values of 0.4-6.7 ug per litre); thiobencarb toxicity was considerably lower (LC50 values of 199-1405 ug per litre). The three atherinid species were similarly sensitive to each pesticide. Generally, sensitivity was highest for fish reared for 7 days posthatch for thiobencarb, and for 14 days for chlorpyrifos. Flow-through tests were more sensitive than static tests for both compounds, the difference being greater for chlorpyrifos. Probit and moving average methods estimated LC50's that were essentially the same; the binomial method gave a much wider confidence interval. There are 40 references. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Borthwick, P W AU - Patrick, J M AU - Middaugh, D P AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 465 EP - 473 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Rearing KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13826936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparative+acute+sensitivities+of+early+life+stages+of+atherinid+fishes+to+chlorpyrifos+and+thiobencarb&rft.au=Borthwick%2C+P+W%3BPatrick%2C+J+M%3BMiddaugh%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Borthwick&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of immunofluorescence and phase-contrast microscopy for detection and identification of Giardia cysts in water samples AN - 13825902; 198601527 AB - When anti-Giardia cyst antiserum and fluorescence conjugate were applied to known Giardia cysts on membrane filters, the cysts fluoresced bright apple green under UV light. Individual cysts could be rapidly located even in samples heavily contaminated with other micro-organisms and debri, and their identity confirmed by phase-contrast microscopy. For samples containing low numbers of cysts, this method was estimated to be 28 times faster than examination using phase-contrast microscopy alone. This technique was successfully used to detect and identify Giardia cysts in raw and finished water sampled during several recent outbreaks of waterborne giardiasis. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Sauch, J F AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1434 EP - 1438 VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13825902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Use+of+immunofluorescence+and+phase-contrast+microscopy+for+detection+and+identification+of+Giardia+cysts+in+water+samples&rft.au=Sauch%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Sauch&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1434&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pentachlorophenol toxicity to amphipods and fathead minnows at different test pH values AN - 13825871; 198504041 AB - Acute toxicity tests (96-h LC50's) were conducted with amphipods (Gammarus pseudolimnaeus and Crangonyx pseudogracillis) and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to pentachlorophenol (PCP) at pH values of 6.5, 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5. Acute toxicity was inversely related to pH. The proportionality constants of this relationship were similar for the amphipods, but were different from that observed for fathead minnows. Chronic PCP toxicity, determined in 32-day early life stage tests with fathead minnows, also decreased with increasing pH. This appeared to be due to reduced PCP accumulation as a result of increased ionization of PCP at higher pH values. However, results suggested that both forms of PCP might be acutely and chronically toxic when significant concentrations were present in solution. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Spehar, R L AU - Nelson, H P AU - Swanson, MJ AU - Renoos, J W AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 389 EP - 397 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13825871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Pentachlorophenol+toxicity+to+amphipods+and+fathead+minnows+at+different+test+pH+values&rft.au=Spehar%2C+R+L%3BNelson%2C+H+P%3BSwanson%2C+MJ%3BRenoos%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Spehar&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Holding effects on coliform enumeration in drinking water samples AN - 13825730; 198600577 AB - Seventeen samples of treated water were collected from a large municipal distribution system, weekly or biweekly, between August and September 1981, and 12 samples were collected between January and May 1983. The samples were dosed with coliforms previously isolated from the water system and standard methods were used to investigate the effects of holding samples at 5C or 22C and analysing them after 0, 24, 30 and 48 h. Coliform counts declined linearly over time at both temperatures, with significant losses occurring in some samples held for 24 h. Samples held for 30 h and above had increasing heterotrophic plate counts which often interfered with coliform counts on the membrane filter. These results were similar to those obtained from experiments carried out with naturally occurring coliforms under the same conditions. Some samples, which initially had unacceptable counts, met safe drinking water limits after storage for 24 h at 5 and 22C. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - McDaniels, A E AU - Bordner, R H AU - Gartside, P S AU - Haines, J R AU - Brenner, K P AU - Rankin, C C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 755 EP - 762 VL - 50 IS - 4 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13825730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Holding+effects+on+coliform+enumeration+in+drinking+water+samples&rft.au=McDaniels%2C+A+E%3BBordner%2C+R+H%3BGartside%2C+P+S%3BHaines%2C+J+R%3BBrenner%2C+K+P%3BRankin%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=McDaniels&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of temperature and food density on survival and growth of Menidia peninsulae larvae (Pisces: Atherinidae) AN - 13825681; S198619849 AB - A series of laboratory experiments were carried out to determine the optimal culture conditions for larval tidewater silversides (Menidia peninsulae). The effect of food density on the growth of larval M. peninsulae was temperature dependent; at 20C, food densities had no effect on the final size of the fish, but at higher temperatures final body size increased as food density increased. However, survival was lower at 30C than at 25C, and, taking both survival and growth into consideration the optimal culture conditions for larval M. peninsulae were 5000 food organisms per litre at 25C. JF - Estuaries AU - McMullen, D M AU - Middaugh, D P AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 39 EP - 47 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13825681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+temperature+and+food+density+on+survival+and+growth+of+Menidia+peninsulae+larvae+%28Pisces%3A+Atherinidae%29&rft.au=McMullen%2C+D+M%3BMiddaugh%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=McMullen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) subchronic toxicity test AN - 13825240; 198600521 AB - This subchronic toxicity test for industrial effluents involved 7-day exposure of newly hatched fathead minnow larvae (preferably less than 24 h old) under static-renewal conditions. Toxicity was determined by measuring effects on survival and growth. The usefulness and consistency of this procedure in providing a good estimate of chronic toxicity was demonstrated in approximately 70 tests. Results from representative effluent experiments, plus those involving Dursban, zinc, and copper are included. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Norberg, T J AU - Mount, DI AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 711 EP - 718 VL - 4 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13825240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+new+fathead+minnow+%28Pimephales+promelas%29+subchronic+toxicity+test&rft.au=Norberg%2C+T+J%3BMount%2C+DI&rft.aulast=Norberg&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=711&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flowing water resources AN - 13825036; S198619978 AB - Data on stream order and the morphological characteristics associated with streams of different discharge rates have been used to estimate the flowing water resources of the U.S.A. It was estimated that the total length of streams was 3.2 million miles, the total surface area 15,000 square miles, and the total volume of water 97 million acre-feet (29 cubic miles). The same approach could be used to obtain more precise estimates for individual river basins. Possible application of this technique, and river data, to the management of water resources are discussed. A table summarizing data for U.S. streams by stream order, and curves relating width, depth, and velocity to mean annual discharge, as discharge increases downstream in various river systems, are included. JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Keup, LE AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 291 EP - 296 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13825036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Flowing+water+resources&rft.au=Keup%2C+LE&rft.aulast=Keup&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of macrobenthos colonizing estuarine sediments contaminated with drilling mud containing diesel oil AN - 13825032; 198504037 AB - A field study was carried out to determine the effects of lime mud containing diesel oil on colonization by macrobenthos. Sixty-three species of 10 phyla, dominated by Mollusca, Annelida, Chordata and Arthropoda, were collected from colonized boxes. The test boxes with the lime mud contained significantly lower numbers and species diversity than the control test boxes, the molluscs being particularly affected. The large amount of diesel oil present in the lime mud tested was probably the main cause of mortality or larval avoidance. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Tagatz, ME AU - Plaia, G R AU - Deans, CH AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 112 EP - 120 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Animals (vertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13825032?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Responses+of+macrobenthos+colonizing+estuarine+sediments+contaminated+with+drilling+mud+containing+diesel+oil&rft.au=Tagatz%2C+ME%3BPlaia%2C+G+R%3BDeans%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Tagatz&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of atrazine on periphyton communities in controlled laboratory ecosystems AN - 13825014; 198600535 AB - Microcosm experiments were performed to evaluate the direct and indirect effects on periphyton of a 14 day exposure to a sub-lethal concentration (100 ug per litre) of the weedkiller atrazine. The nutrient content of the microcosms and the algal species identified in the microcosms during the experiments are tabulated. The presence of atrazine resulted in an immediate and continual decrease in net productivity, significant reductions in algal density, species diversity, and biomass accumulation and an alteration in species composition. Following removal of the atrazine, net productivity recovered to normal within 16 days. However, there was little sign of recovery in community structural parameters within 21 days. A bibliography of 38 references is appended. JF - Chemosphere AU - Hamala, JA AU - Kollig, H P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1391 EP - 1408 VL - 14 IS - 9 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Algae (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13825014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+atrazine+on+periphyton+communities+in+controlled+laboratory+ecosystems&rft.au=Hamala%2C+JA%3BKollig%2C+H+P&rft.aulast=Hamala&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A modified Langmuir equation for predicting sorption of methylacridinium ion in soils and sediments AN - 13824857; S198619914 AB - A mathematical model for predicting the sorption isotherms of organic cations was tested on 10 different soils and sediments, using methylacridinium as the representative test ion. The model was based on a competitive Langmuir equation with modifications for grouping the various competing ions and for normalizing over a wide range of sediment properties. Normalization was carried out by substituting cation-exchange capacities, determined with ammonium ion, for the Langmuir capacity term. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Brown, D S AU - Combs, G AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 195 EP - 199 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Langmuir Equation KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13824857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=A+modified+Langmuir+equation+for+predicting+sorption+of+methylacridinium+ion+in+soils+and+sediments&rft.au=Brown%2C+D+S%3BCombs%2C+G&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative sensitivity of six estuarine fishes to carbophenothion, chlorpyrifos, and fenvalerate AN - 13824856; 198601468 AB - Flow-through laboratory tests were carried out to determine the acute toxicity of 3 pesticides to Menidia menidia, M. peninsulae, M. beryllina, Leuresthes tenuis, Cyprinodon variegatus and Opsanus beta. The atherinids (the first 4 species) were the most sensitive, and were similar to each other in sensitivity. Sensitivity of Cyprinodon to carbophenothion was the same as in the atherinids, but to chlorpyrifos was greater than the atherinids. Opsanus was the least sensitive to carbophenothion and chlorpyrifos, but ranked between Cyprinodon and atherinids for fenvalerate. The results were compared with acute toxicity data for other estuarine fish and invertebrates. JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety AU - Clark, J R AU - Patrick, J M AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 382 EP - 390 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13824856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.atitle=Relative+sensitivity+of+six+estuarine+fishes+to+carbophenothion%2C+chlorpyrifos%2C+and+fenvalerate&rft.au=Clark%2C+J+R%3BPatrick%2C+J+M%3BMiddaugh%2C+D+P%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical transport facilitated by multiphase flow systems AN - 13824690; 198600976 AB - A method was developed for predicting the transport and transformation of pollutants in systems containing up to 3 separate mobile phases. Such a screening technique was required by regulatory agencies for evaluating the potential for soil and groundwater contamination by land disposal of chemical wastes. Relatively immobile chemicals moved significantly faster than anticipated from hydrophobic theory, and a new theory was developed to describe the increased transport through groundwater resulting from the presence of a second mobile phase. Application of the new equations to a specific example indicated that, in certain circumstances, the use of the hydrophobic theory could underestimate chemical mobility by more than 100-fold. At concentrations of dissolved organic carbon occurring in nature (5-10 mg per litre), there could be a marked increase in the mobility of very immobile compounds such as dioxins. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Enfield, C G AD - U.S. EPA, Ada, Okla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1 EP - 12 VL - 17 IS - 9 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13824690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Chemical+transport+facilitated+by+multiphase+flow+systems&rft.au=Enfield%2C+C+G&rft.aulast=Enfield&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temephos residues in stagnant ponds after mosquito larvicide applications by helicopter AN - 13824362; 198600113 AB - Results are presented from a study to measure the concentrations of temephos in the water in 2 very shallow ponds following application of the larvicide by helicopter at treetop level; one pond was completely covered by a tree canopy while the other had an opening in the canopy in the middle of the pond. Analytical procedures involved capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection, and a new silica-gel clean-up method. Selected samples were also tested by HPLC. The larvicide persisted in the water for up to 48 h and residue concentrations as high as 62 ug per litre were determined. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Lores, E M AU - Moore, J C AU - Moody, P AU - Clark, J AU - Forester, J AU - Knight, J AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 308 EP - 313 VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13824362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Temephos+residues+in+stagnant+ponds+after+mosquito+larvicide+applications+by+helicopter&rft.au=Lores%2C+E+M%3BMoore%2C+J+C%3BMoody%2C+P%3BClark%2C+J%3BForester%2C+J%3BKnight%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lores&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=308&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - US sludge management guidelines explained AN - 13824352; S198619129 AB - The current effort by the U.S. EPA to develop comprehensive regulations on the reuse and disposal of municipal sludge is described. The questions addressed included identification of potential pollutants, evaluation of the magnitude of risk, the establishment of numerical criteria, the investigation of management practices and the comparison of risks of various reuse /disposal options. After a public comment period on the proposed regulations, the U.S. EPA was to assess the comments and make appropriate changes for final promulgation in June 1987. JF - Water & Waste Treatment AU - Limnitz, ED AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 37 EP - 37,40 VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0950-6551, 0950-6551 KW - Hazard KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13824352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+%26+Waste+Treatment&rft.atitle=US+sludge+management+guidelines+explained&rft.au=Limnitz%2C+ED&rft.aulast=Limnitz&rft.aufirst=ED&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+%26+Waste+Treatment&rft.issn=09506551&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods of PCB disposal AN - 13824281; S198619199 AB - The industrial applications of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are reviewed giving tabulated data showing estimates of cumulative PCB production, usage, and environmental distribution in the U.S.A. during 1930-1975. Available disposal methods for these compounds approved by the U.S. EPA were reviewed. These included high temperature combustion in incinerators and high efficiency boilers; chemical destruction; disposal in landfills; and alternative disposal techniques. Diagrams of equipment used, typical operating data and requirements for the various methods are presented. Miscellaneous new techniques being investigated for disposal of PCB, but not yet officially approved, are also outlined including: plasma arc pyrolysis, high temperature fluid wall reactor, light activated reduction of chemicals, catalytic wet oxidation, use of supercritical water, and biological treatment. A bibliography of 45 references is appended. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Kokoszka, L AU - Kuntz, G AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 41 EP - 62 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Equipment KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13824281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Methods+of+PCB+disposal&rft.au=Kokoszka%2C+L%3BKuntz%2C+G&rft.aulast=Kokoszka&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of toxicity to marine species with structure-activity models developed to estimate toxicity to freshwater fish AN - 13824217; 198600169 AB - A study was carried out to determine whether these models could also be used to predict the 96-h LC50 values of a large number of chemicals to an estuarine fish (Cyprinodon variegatus) and a marine shrimp (Mysidopsis bahia). Tabulated data are included on the measured 96-h LC50 values for the respective chemicals and marine species, and on the log P (log octanol/water partition coefficients) and log S (log water solubility) values for the chemicals. Models developed with log P for freshwater fish estimated the acute toxicity of at least 58 per cent of the chemicals to C. variegatus within an order of magnitude. Models developed using log S were superior to those developed with log P for estimating toxicity of at least 77 per cent of the chemicals to C. variegatus. However, they could not be used to estimate toxicity to M. bahia. In general, the models developed for freshwater fish tended to overestimate the measured toxicity to the marine species. A bibliography of 40 references is appended. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Zaroogian, G AU - Heltshe, J F AU - Johnson, M AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 251 EP - 270 VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13824217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+toxicity+to+marine+species+with+structure-activity+models+developed+to+estimate+toxicity+to+freshwater+fish&rft.au=Zaroogian%2C+G%3BHeltshe%2C+J+F%3BJohnson%2C+M&rft.aulast=Zaroogian&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiphasic kinetics for transformation of methyl parathion by Flavobacterium species AN - 13824034; 198600251 AB - Methyl parathion was degraded by Flavobacterium according to multiphasic kinetics involving at least 2 systems (I and II). System I was a high affinity, low capacity system and system II a low affinity, high capacity system. System II metabolites inhibited system I so that only one system operated at a time. System I operated at concentrations of 20 ug per litre or less and System II at 4 mg per litre or less. Computer simulation of pollutant degradation rates based on kinetic constants determined in this study showed that large errors in predicted rates could occur if the multiphasicity of kinetics was ignored. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Lewis, D L AU - Hodson, R E AU - Freeman, L F AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 553 EP - 557 VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13824034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Multiphasic+kinetics+for+transformation+of+methyl+parathion+by+Flavobacterium+species&rft.au=Lewis%2C+D+L%3BHodson%2C+R+E%3BFreeman%2C+L+F&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sand/granular carbon filtration treatment system for removing aqueous pesticide residues from a marine toxicology laboratory effluent AN - 13822501; 198601642 AB - Laboratories carrying out toxicity tests using marine organisms could generate large volumes of contaminated sea water which required treatment before discharge. Equipment suitable for this purpose involved passage through a sand filter and a granular activated carbon filter in series, with discharge of treated effluent to a retention pond. Typical performance data are tabulated. The system could remove an average of 91 per cent of organic compounds, including organophosporus, organochlorine, and pyrethroid pesticides. Suppliers of the major components of the treatment system, and 1980 costs, are summarized in a table. JF - Water Research AU - Moore, J C AU - Hansen, D J AU - Garnas, R L AU - Goodman, L R AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1601 EP - 1604 VL - 19 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Effluent (treated) (see also sewage works effluent) KW - Equipment KW - Filters (see also packed columns, groups below) KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13822501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=A+sand%2Fgranular+carbon+filtration+treatment+system+for+removing+aqueous+pesticide+residues+from+a+marine+toxicology+laboratory+effluent&rft.au=Moore%2C+J+C%3BHansen%2C+D+J%3BGarnas%2C+R+L%3BGoodman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1601&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of mutagenic compounds formed during chlorination of humic acid AN - 13821928; 198600583 AB - Humic acid solutions were chlorinated in the presence of varying amounts of potassium bromide. Chlorinated organic compounds were extracted into diethyl ether and analysed by gas chromatography /mass spectrometry. Nineteen chlorinated organic compounds were identified. Aqueous solutions containing each of the compounds identified were subjected to a Salmonella microsome mutagenicity assay. Ten compounds, including several chlorinated propanones and chlorinated propenals were identified as direct acting mutagens. The position of the chlorine substituent was an important factor in determining mutagenic activity. The addition of bromide to the chlorinating reaction resulted in up to double the level of mutagenicity. The mutagenic activity was dose-related in the Ames test but the proportion of mutagenicity accounted for by identified compounds was low, varying from 2 per cent to 8 per cent of the total depending on the Salmonella typhimurium strain used. JF - Mutation Research AU - Meier, J R AU - Ringhand, H P AU - Coleman, W E AU - Munch, J W AU - Streicher, R P AU - Kaylor, W H AU - Schenck, K M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnatti, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 111 EP - 122 VL - 157 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Analysis KW - Potassium bromide KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13821928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Identification+of+mutagenic+compounds+formed+during+chlorination+of+humic+acid&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BRinghand%2C+H+P%3BColeman%2C+W+E%3BMunch%2C+J+W%3BStreicher%2C+R+P%3BKaylor%2C+W+H%3BSchenck%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute toxicity of organic chemical mixtures to the fathead minnow AN - 13821569; 198600175 AB - Details are given of experiments to determine the acute combined toxicity of industrial organic chemicals to young fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). The study included both binary tests to define isobole diagrams of joint toxicity and equitoxic multiple chemical tests to determine the degree of additivity among 27 organic chemicals from 7 different chemical classes. Tabulated data are presented on the acute toxicity and octanol/water partition coefficients of the test chemicals and the acute toxicity of mixtures containing 2 or more organic compounds. The slopes of the acute concentration/response relationships were similar for all the test compounds, suggesting that their mode of acute toxic action was similar, though not necessarily identical. The signs of intoxication exhibited by the fish exposed to nearly all the chemicals were also similar and indicative of an anaesthetic-like effect. There was evidence of near concentration additive joint action over a wide range of mixture ratios of each chemical from the 7 different classes and for mixtures containing up to 21 chemicals. The implications of the results are considered and a bibliography of 32 references is appended. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Broderius, S AU - Kahl, M AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 307 EP - 322 VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13821569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+toxicity+of+organic+chemical+mixtures+to+the+fathead+minnow&rft.au=Broderius%2C+S%3BKahl%2C+M&rft.aulast=Broderius&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of microbial adaptation on the fate of organic pollutants in ground water AN - 13820771; 198602210 AB - The pollution of groundwater near an abandoned disposal pit for wood-creosoting waste in Texas was investigated. The location of monitoring wells and sampling sites is illustrated, and data on the distribution of organic pollutants, oxygen, and electrolytes in the monitoring wells are tabulated. The principal organic compounds in the pollution plume were naphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, dibenzofuran, and fluorene, in concentrations ranging from 100 to 1000 ug per litre. Biodegradation was rapid in subsurface material from the margin of the plume, but no biodegradation was observed in pristine subsurface material from the same geological structure. As a result of this microbial adaptation, the disposition of the plume was controlled, not by the rate of utilization of the pollutants by the micro-organisms, but by the extent of utilization allowed by the available supply of oxygen. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Wilson, J T AU - McNabb, J F AU - Cochran, J W AU - Wang, TH AU - Tomson, M B AU - Bedient, P B AD - U.S. EPA, Ada, Okla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 721 EP - 726 VL - 4 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13820771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+microbial+adaptation+on+the+fate+of+organic+pollutants+in+ground+water&rft.au=Wilson%2C+J+T%3BMcNabb%2C+J+F%3BCochran%2C+J+W%3BWang%2C+TH%3BTomson%2C+M+B%3BBedient%2C+P+B&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=721&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of contaminated waste site runoff at the Seymour recycling site, Seymour, Indiana AN - 13820282; 198601436 AB - An abandoned chemical waste disposal site was causing serious pollution as a result of leakage from drains and bulk storage tanks, giving rise to heavily contaminated surface runoff. The U.S. EPA agreed to provide an on-site unit to treat the contaminated runoff as and when required. Several treatment possibilities were considered, but rejected as unsuitable for this site. The mobile treatment system finally selected provided physico-chemical treatment by chemical coagulation, sedimentation, 2-stage (upflow and downflow) mixed media filtration, and granular activated carbon treatment. Over 9 months, this facility successfully treated up to 50,000 gallons of contaminated water per day. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Traver, R P AD - U.S. EPA, Edison, N.J. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 177 EP - 185 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13820282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+contaminated+waste+site+runoff+at+the+Seymour+recycling+site%2C+Seymour%2C+Indiana&rft.au=Traver%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Traver&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCB destruction: a novel dehalogenation reagent AN - 13820196; 198601454 AB - Alkali metal polyethylene glycolate (APEG) complexes were investigated as reagents for the in situ decontamination of soils contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and other halogenated organic compounds. Preliminary experiments on the reactivity of several of these reagent formulations with respect to the dehalogenation of Aroclor 1242 and 1260 are reported. The reagents were very reactive towards the Aroclors, particularly at higher temperatures (60-100C). The primary product was an alkali metal halide (sodium chloride in the case of the PCB and polyglycol ether aromatics). Even dilution of the reagent with water to 50 per cent by volume could still give an active decontamination system, although not as effective as the undiluted reagent. Reagent formulations prepared with a proprietary solvent appeared to be more reactive than the neat reagent with most of the Aroclors studied. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Kornel, A AU - Rogers, C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 161 EP - 176 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13820196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=PCB+destruction%3A+a+novel+dehalogenation+reagent&rft.au=Kornel%2C+A%3BRogers%2C+C&rft.aulast=Kornel&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring lakes for restoration AN - 13819916; 198601751 AB - Twenty common limnological procedures used in lake restoration projects are discussed and suggestions for improvements or alterations made. Microbiological, Secchi disc, turbidity, phytoplankton, and chlorophyll measurements, residual analysis, packed cell volume, carbon, productivity, floating vegetation, rooted vascular plant, macroinvertebrate, fish, waterfowl, people, paleolimnology, chemical and physical data evaluation and application are discussed. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Keup, LE AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 339 EP - 360 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13819916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Monitoring+lakes+for+restoration&rft.au=Keup%2C+LE&rft.aulast=Keup&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Screening chemicals in municipal sludges AN - 13818912; 198601424 AB - The U.S. EPA is developing technical regulations for major reuse and disposal options relating to municipal sludge: land application and marketing, landfilling, incineration and ocean dumping. Based upon a series of expert meetings, 49 inorganic and organic pollutants were selected for environmental profile development, to allow initial regulatory effort to be focussed on those of greatest concern. Toxicity, occurrence, fate and effects data on the pollutant were compiled, together with a series of indices for evaluating the hazard relative to major environmental pathways. A two tier screening process was developed to determine which pollutants should undergo further risk assessments. This included ranking compounds for which adequate data were available and then assessing what proportion of the hazard presented was attributable to sludge. JF - BioCycle AU - Lomnitz, E AU - Bruins, R AU - Fradkin, L AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 52 EP - 54 VL - 26 IS - 7 SN - 0276-5055, 0276-5055 KW - Hazard KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13818912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioCycle&rft.atitle=Screening+chemicals+in+municipal+sludges&rft.au=Lomnitz%2C+E%3BBruins%2C+R%3BFradkin%2C+L&rft.aulast=Lomnitz&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BioCycle&rft.issn=02765055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interlaboratory study on determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in environmentally contaminated sediments AN - 13818908; 198601171 AB - Three samples of natural sediments contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) were analysed by 10 different laboratories. All laboratories used 2 standardized Soxhlet extraction procedures and an ultrasonic homogenization procedure. Despite the written procedures, procedural variations occurred. Six laboratories using electron capture detection and gas chromatography, identified the PCB as commercial Aroclor mixtures. Four laboratories used mass spectrometry (MS). For electron capture detection, the overall relative standard deviation of Aroclor measurements was 30 per cent and for MS data, 38 per cent. MS data gave information on the qualitative distribution of potentially more toxic and persistent isomers. Analytical methods combining a calibration procedure using individual PCB congeners, capillary column GC separation, MS detection and automated data interpretation would provide more information and be more cost effective than currently available procedures. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Alford-Stevens, AL AU - Budde, W L AU - Bellar, T A AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 2452 EP - 2457 VL - 57 IS - 13 KW - Analysis KW - Columns KW - Interlaboratory KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13818908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Interlaboratory+study+on+determination+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls+in+environmentally+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Alford-Stevens%2C+AL%3BBudde%2C+W+L%3BBellar%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Alford-Stevens&rft.aufirst=AL&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Automated closed loop control of ozone disinfection using flow-paced off-gas measurement AN - 13816003; 198602916 AB - Although ozone had certain advantages over chlorine as a disinfectant for use in sewage treatment, the costs were higher. A system for automated control of ozonation is described which, when used in sewage works with a daily average flow greater than 8000 m3 per day, would give considerable savings in the electrical costs for ozone generation. The system used a flow proportional signal and an ozone concentration signal that combined to control the feed gas to, and the power setting of, the ozone generator. The concentration signal was measured in and transmitted from the off-gas from the ozone contactor. The annual costs of this system were 7,000-15,000 dollars per year less than using conventional methods for a hypothetical treatment plant treating a mean daily flow of 23,700 m3. JF - Instrumentation and Control of Water and Wastewater Treatment and Transport Systems. Proceedings 4th IAWPRC Workshop. Houston and Denver AU - Venosa, AD AU - Schuk, W W AU - Sparks, H L AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 303 EP - 310 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13816003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Instrumentation+and+Control+of+Water+and+Wastewater+Treatment+and+Transport+Systems.+Proceedings+4th+IAWPRC+Workshop.+Houston+and+Denver&rft.atitle=Automated+closed+loop+control+of+ozone+disinfection+using+flow-paced+off-gas+measurement&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BSchuk%2C+W+W%3BSparks%2C+H+L&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Instrumentation+and+Control+of+Water+and+Wastewater+Treatment+and+Transport+Systems.+Proceedings+4th+IAWPRC+Workshop.+Houston+and+Denver&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quality assurance support to the GEMS/WATER programme AN - 13811786; S198721480 AB - The U.S. EPA established a formal quality assurance (QA) programme in 1972. The Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory at Cincinnati (EMSL-Cincinnati) was given the task of handling the QA needs of laboratories analysing ground waters, surface waters, drinking waters, wastewaters, estuarine and marine wars, leachates, sludges and sediments. EMSL-Cincinnati did this by developing or selecting sampling and analytical methodology, developing manuals and guidelines for quality control (QC), carrying out an equivalency programme for approval of alternative test methods, maintaining a QC check sample programme, and by conducting performance evaluation studies. Its work with other countries, and co-operation with international agencies such as the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the WHO in Geneva, is also outlined. In particular, the provision of QC support for a GEMS/WATER global study on analytical quality control, and the findings of a GEMS /WATER performance evaluation study are discussed. EMSL-Cincinnati planned to continue an annual distribution of QC samples to GEMS /WATER laboratories. JF - Water Quality Bulletin AU - Winter, JA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 181 EP - 185,216 VL - 10 IS - 4 KW - Analysis KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13811786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Quality+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Quality+assurance+support+to+the+GEMS%2FWATER+programme&rft.au=Winter%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Winter&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Quality+Bulletin&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic pathways involving arsenic in marine organisms: a unifying hypothesis AN - 13810471; S198721350 AB - The evidence that, in marine biota, arsenic existed in association with lipids, as arsenobetaine, or as arseno-sugars, is reviewed and a novel hypothesis to account for the presence of these arsenical species is presented. The basis of the hypothesis was that the arsenic atom could replace the nitrogen atom in either ethanolamine or chlorine. Entry of these compounds into phospholipid biosynthetic pathways would give rise to water soluble or lipid soluble intermediates containing arsenic. The derivation of arseno-sugars, found in brown kelp and giant clams, was explained as an incidental side-product of the phospholipid biosynthesis in algae. It is proposed that these various arsenic-containing compounds would be degraded to arsenobetaine, either in the same organism or using various trophic components. JF - Marine Environmental Research AU - Phillips, DJH AU - Depledge, M H AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Kowloon Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 1 EP - 12 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - Algae (see also individual groups below) KW - Unifying KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13810471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Metabolic+pathways+involving+arsenic+in+marine+organisms%3A+a+unifying+hypothesis&rft.au=Phillips%2C+DJH%3BDepledge%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=DJH&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interim method for determination of volatile organic compounds in hazardous wastes AN - 13808081; S198721644 AB - A protocol for the analysis of volatile organic compounds in aqueous sludges, dry solids, soils, sediments, tars, oils and oily sludges is reported with emphasis on the analysis of hazardous wastes.The main features of the method were solvent extraction with tetraglyme, a non-volatile, water-miscible and oil-miscible solvent; dilution of the extract with solvent if required, followed by purge and trap analysis of an aliquot of extract. The dilution extract factor could be determined by gas chromatography. Experimental methods, calibration, quality control and sample storage procedures are described. Experimental results for the recovery of spiked compounds including acrylonitrile, ethers, ketones, heterocyclic and chlorinated compounds from a clean matrix are detailed. Detection limits for individual compounds varied between 0.5 and 5 ug per g. JF - Journal of Association of Official Analytical Chemists AU - Gurka, D F AU - Warmer, J S AU - Silvon, LE AU - Bishop, T A AU - McKown, M M AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 776 EP - 782 VL - 67 IS - 4 KW - Acrylonitrile KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13808081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Association+of+Official+Analytical+Chemists&rft.atitle=Interim+method+for+determination+of+volatile+organic+compounds+in+hazardous+wastes&rft.au=Gurka%2C+D+F%3BWarmer%2C+J+S%3BSilvon%2C+LE%3BBishop%2C+T+A%3BMcKown%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Gurka&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=776&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Association+of+Official+Analytical+Chemists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of benthic macroinvertebrate biomass methodology: part 2. Field assessment and data evaluation AN - 13807714; S198722145 AB - Evaluation of macroinvertebrate biomass estimates for the East Fork, Little Miami river, Ohio in Summer 1971 in assessments of the impact of a sewage works effluents showed similar results using biomass estimates compared to individual counts. The Diversity Index, Community Diversity Index, Trophic Condition Index, and Empirical Biotic Index were used for data evaluation. The latter two were the most accurate. The per cent composition of macroinvertebrate taxa by pollution category (clean water, facultative or pollution tolerant) proved adequate for interpretating biotic status. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Mason, W T AU - Lewis, P A AU - Weber, C I AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 399 EP - 422 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13807714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+benthic+macroinvertebrate+biomass+methodology%3A+part+2.+Field+assessment+and+data+evaluation&rft.au=Mason%2C+W+T%3BLewis%2C+P+A%3BWeber%2C+C+I&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic micropollutants in drinking water: an overview AN - 13802538; S198822912 AB - The types and sources of organic micropollutants in drinking waters, management and control opportunities and risk assessment are reviewed. A risk assessment and management decision model was proposed for systematic determination of an acceptable level of contaminants on the basis of health considerations. It involved the use of a ranking system for evaluating carcinogenicity evidence derived by U.S. EPA and was based on the methods used by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The contaminant was placed in one of 3 regulatory classes and given a recommended maximal contaminant level. The 3 classes were: Category I - known or probable human carcinogens; Category II - equivocal evidence of carcinogenicity. Category III - inadequate or no evidence of carcinogenicity. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Cotruvo, JA AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 7 EP - 26 VL - 47 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Hazard KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - World health organization KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13802538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Organic+micropollutants+in+drinking+water%3A+an+overview&rft.au=Cotruvo%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Cotruvo&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Separation of metals in wastewater sludge by centrifugal classification AN - 13802222; S198823940 AB - Published data were examined to determine whether there was a suitable means of correlating the degree of separation achievable with machine or process variables. An equation for the recovery factor was developed. The recovery factor could be extrapolated over a modest range of metal concentrations and recoveries. A pilot-scale investigation was carried out using sludge from Mill creek, Cincinnati to determine if the Los Angeles County Water Pollution Control Districts (LACWPCD) classification results could be verified. LACWPCD records were investigated to determine whether more supporting data could be found. The degree of classification was better at high sludge feed rate and high centrifuge speeds. The degree of classification for a metal fluctuated slightly with time. Most heavy metals as well as toxic organic substances were classified into the centrate. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Fronk, CA AU - Farrell, J B AU - Strachan, W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 269 EP - 276 VL - 4 IS - 4 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13802222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Separation+of+metals+in+wastewater+sludge+by+centrifugal+classification&rft.au=Fronk%2C+CA%3BFarrell%2C+J+B%3BStrachan%2C+W&rft.aulast=Fronk&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiologic studies of organic micropollutants in drinking water AN - 13798781; S198824327 AB - Various types of epidemiological study are outlined and their evaluation discussed. The accuracy of any quantitative statement about the association between exposure and disease depended on precision (lack of random error) and validity (lack of systematic error). Precision was primarily influenced by the size of the study population and the efficiency of information collection. Internal validity was dependent on assessing and minimizing selection bias, observation bias, confounding bias, and misclassification. External validity concerned extending the results of several epidemiological studies to the target population (scientific generalization) and interpreting results in the context of other information. On the basis of these considerations, 2 recently reported case-comparison epidemiologic studies which investigated the association between water chlorination and colon cancer (Cragle et al, 1985), and water chlorination and bladder cancer (Cantor et al, 1985) were reviewed. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Craun, G F AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 461 EP - 472 VL - 47 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Diseases (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13798781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Epidemiologic+studies+of+organic+micropollutants+in+drinking+water&rft.au=Craun%2C+G+F&rft.aulast=Craun&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disinfection AN - 13798717; S198824421 AB - The authors review recent literature on various aspects of disinfection of sewage and sewage works effluents, including the effects of disinfection on micro-organisms; the efficiency of different compounds for disinfection; analytical techniques for measuring residual concentrations of disinfectants; the stability of disinfectants; the formation and control of byproducts (including trihalomethanes); and other aspects of disinfection chemistry. A bibliography of 109 references is appended. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Venosa, AD AU - Isaac, R AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 548 EP - 555 VL - 57 IS - 6 KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13798717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Disinfection&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BIsaac%2C+R&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=548&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Target organ toxicology of halocarbons commonly found contaminating drinking water AN - 13796744; S198824494 AB - The non-carcinogenic toxicology research data on 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene are summarized, before dealing in greater detail with the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride. Although most published halocarbon toxicity data derived from acute inhalation experiments, this paper concentrated on sub-chronic animal studies involving oral administration, in view of their relevance to assessing risk associated with lifetime exposure to low concentrations of halocarbons in drinking water. Recent studies (Condie et al, 1985) indicated that the oral toxicity of carbon tetrachloride was enhanced when the compound was administered (by gavage) in corn oil as opposed to an aqueous medium. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Condie, L W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 433 EP - 442 VL - 47 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Hazard KW - Media KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13796744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Target+organ+toxicology+of+halocarbons+commonly+found+contaminating+drinking+water&rft.au=Condie%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Condie&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The environmental audit. I. Concepts AN - 13796084; S198823638 AB - After outlining the limitations of existing water quality monitoring programmes, the authors discuss the concept of an environmental audit, which characterized the attributes of type, intensity, and variability of the natural environment, providing a theoretical as well as practical basis for interpreting data. The steps in developing an environmental audit, the objectives of an environmental audit for a lake in Illinois, and the actual proposed monitoring system are tabulated. JF - Environmental Management AU - Schaeffer, D J AU - Kerster, H W AU - Perry, JA AU - Cox, D K AD - Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, Springfield Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 191 EP - 198 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13796084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=The+environmental+audit.+I.+Concepts&rft.au=Schaeffer%2C+D+J%3BKerster%2C+H+W%3BPerry%2C+JA%3BCox%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Schaeffer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of environmental pollutants AN - 13795941; S198824871 AB - Recent literature on the fate of different types of pollutant in aquatic ecosystems is reviewed. The pollutants considered are xenobiotic chemicals (including PCB, chlorophenols, nitrogenous organic compounds, and phthalates), pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and crude oil and hydrocarbons. Studies on processes affecting chemicals in natural waters (such as hydrolysis, photolysis, volatilization, and biodegradation) are also reported. A bibliography of 159 references is appended. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Pritchard, PH AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 658 EP - 667 VL - 57 IS - 6 KW - Xenobiotic compounds KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13795941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Fate+of+environmental+pollutants&rft.au=Pritchard%2C+PH&rft.aulast=Pritchard&rft.aufirst=PH&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=658&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Substrate-associated microfauna AN - 13795433; S198824875 AB - Giving a bibliography of 46 references, the authors review recent literature on the microfauna associated with the substratum in aquatic ecosystems, including methods of sampling and examination, and ecological studies on various types of microbenthos. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Burton, G A AD - U.S. EPA, Denver, Colo. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 724 EP - 728 VL - 57 IS - 6 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13795433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Substrate-associated+microfauna&rft.au=Lazorchak%2C+J+M%3BBurton%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Lazorchak&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=724&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal effects AN - 13795158; S198824870 AB - Recent literature on the effects of increased temperature on aquatic organisms is reviewed, covering the effects of both discharges of heated effluents and of increased temperature resulting from deforestation. Topics considered included the effects of temperature on primary producers (plankton and algae), on consumers (fish eggs and larvae), on reproduction, on activity, on populations, on feeding, and on distribution. Studies on thermal tolerance of various types of aquatic organism, the relation between temperature and other stresses, and biochemical reactions are also reviewed. Tabulated data are included on the effects of temperature on oxygen metabolism, the interaction of temperature and other stresses, the effects of temperature on growth, and results of temperature preference studies. A bibliography of 73 references is appended. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Cravens, J B AU - Harrelson, ME AD - U.S. EPA, Dallas, Tex. Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 649 EP - 658 VL - 57 IS - 6 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Algae (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13795158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Thermal+effects&rft.au=Cravens%2C+J+B%3BHarrelson%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Cravens&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=649&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reliable ozone disinfection using off-gas control AN - 13793966; S198825804 AB - A control strategy combining off-gas measurement and contact time is presented which achieved reliable disinfection and minimal energy use. A pilot plant was used to disinfect a sewage works effluent. Faecal coliform densities were related to the product of off-gas concentration and contact time. Maintaining a fixed value of this product allowed an effluent faecal coliform limit to be reliability met by ozonation. The value was determined by applying statistical reliability theory to an empirically derived disinfection performance model. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Venosa, AD AU - Rossman, LA AU - Sparks, H L AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1985 PY - 1985 DA - 1985 SP - 929 EP - 934 VL - 57 IS - 9 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13793966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Reliable+ozone+disinfection+using+off-gas+control&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BRossman%2C+LA%3BSparks%2C+H+L&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=929&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methodology for the Determination of Dinitroaniline Herbicides in Tissue and Excreta AN - 1093464423; 17184797 AB - A method is presented for the analysis of trace amounts of dinitroaniline herbicides in tissue and excreta. The method employs extraction of the tissue or excreta with organic solvent, clean up by liquid/liquid partitioning or silica gel chromatography, and ultimate analysis by gas chromatography using electron capture detection. Recoveries of greater than 80% were noted over the range of concentration 0.1 to 1.0 A Delta *mg/g. JF - Journal of Analytical Toxicology AU - Edgerton, Thomas R AU - Scott, William AU - Linder, Ralph E AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 1985/01// PY - 1985 DA - January 1985 SP - 15 EP - 19 PB - Preston Publications, Inc., 6600 W. Touhy Ave. Niles IL 60714 United States VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 0146-4760, 0146-4760 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Gas chromatography KW - silica gel KW - Solvents KW - Herbicides KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1093464423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Analytical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Methodology+for+the+Determination+of+Dinitroaniline+Herbicides+in+Tissue+and+Excreta&rft.au=Edgerton%2C+Thomas+R%3BScott%2C+William%3BLinder%2C+Ralph+E&rft.aulast=Edgerton&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Analytical+Toxicology&rft.issn=01464760&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/oup/jat/1985/00000009/00000001/art00004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gas chromatography; silica gel; Solvents; Herbicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proposal for a coordinated framework for regulation of biotechnology. AN - 80923367; 11655658 JF - Federal register AU - U.S. Office of Science and Technology Policy AD - U.S. Office of Science and Technology Policy Y1 - 1984/12/31/ PY - 1984 DA - 1984 Dec 31 SP - 50856 EP - 50907 VL - 49 IS - 252 SN - 0097-6326, 0097-6326 KW - DNA, Recombinant KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - Bioethics KW - National Science Foundation KW - Biomedical and Behavioral Research KW - Toxic Substances Control Act KW - Department of Agriculture KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - National Institutes of Health KW - Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act KW - Legal Approach KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Internationality KW - Risk Assessment KW - Advisory Committees KW - Ecology KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Risk KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - International Cooperation KW - Economics KW - Microbiology KW - National Institutes of Health (U.S.) KW - Government Regulation KW - Government KW - Social Control, Formal KW - Federal Government KW - Public Policy KW - Industry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80923367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+register&rft.atitle=Proposal+for+a+coordinated+framework+for+regulation+of+biotechnology.&rft.au=U.S.+Office+of+Science+and+Technology+Policy&rft.aulast=U.S.+Office+of+Science+and+Technology+Policy&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1984-12-31&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=252&rft.spage=50856&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+register&rft.issn=00976326&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1985-05-01 N1 - Date created - 1985-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pilot-Plant Studies of Slow-Rate Filtration AN - 18973620; 8504408 AB - Slow-rate filtration may be used as an alternative to conventional water filtration plants. Pilot plant studies have been conducted to evaluate slow-rate filtration for the removal of particulates, total coliforms, standard plate count bacteria, and organics. Two pilot-scale filtration systems were used: a slow sand filter, operated for 800 days, and a second slow sand filter operated in parallel with a slow-rate filter containing granular activated carbon, operated for 200 days, The study indicated that slow-rate filtration can be a relatively easily operated and effective process for small systems currently confronted with noncompliance with drinking water standards or for new small systems. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association Vol. 76, No. 12, p 62-68, December, 1984. 10 Fig, 4 Tab, 5 Ref. AU - Fox, K R AU - Miltner, R J AU - Logsdon, G S AU - Dicks, D L AU - Drolet, L F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Center for Environmental Research Information Y1 - 1984/12// PY - 1984 DA - Dec 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water treatment KW - Filtration KW - Coliforms KW - Bacteria KW - Drinking water KW - Standards KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18973620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Pilot-Plant+Studies+of+Slow-Rate+Filtration&rft.au=Fox%2C+K+R%3BMiltner%2C+R+J%3BLogsdon%2C+G+S%3BDicks%2C+D+L%3BDrolet%2C+L+F&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1984-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Federal Involvement in Groundwater Protection AN - 19091492; 9004231 AB - The US EPA recently has been developing its groundwater protection strategy, which deals with groundwater protection through a number of federal laws designed for different purposes , usually to control specific kinds of substances at particular kinds of facilities. These laws include, but are not limited to the: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA/Superfund); (2) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA); (3) Underground Injection Control (UIC) program; (4) Sole-Source Aquifer (SSA) program; (5) Public Water System (PWS) program; (6) Clean Water Act (CWA); (7) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA); and (8) Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). With rare exception, none of these laws really focuses specifically on groundwater resources. Such a focus on groundwater must take place at the state level. Through the groundwater protection strategy, EPA will support state program development efforts, develop guidelines that will make its programs more compatible, address such sources of contamination as leaking storage tanks, and develop an institutional focus within the agency to enable it to work closely with the states to enhance their efforts to protect groundwater in a comprehensive manner. (See also W90-04221) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Virginia 's Groundwater. Proceedings of a Symposium Organized by the Environmental Defense Fund November 9-10, 1983. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg. 1984. p 82-84. AU - Mlay, M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Ground-Water Protection Y1 - 1984/11// PY - 1984 DA - Nov 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Federal jurisdiction KW - Groundwater quality KW - Water quality control KW - Legal aspects KW - Regulations KW - Legislation KW - State jurisdiction KW - Public policy KW - Institutions KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19091492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Federal+Involvement+in+Groundwater+Protection&rft.au=Mlay%2C+M&rft.aulast=Mlay&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1984-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of Revised Primary Drinking Water Regulations AN - 18994555; 8503625 AB - Development of revised regulations will involve a comprehensive reassessment of the interim regulations and an examination of the experience gained from implementation of those regulations. These experiences are described and current considerations being evaluated for incorporation into the revised regulations are highlighted. Development of the regulations will be accomplished in five phases: phase 1 - volatile synthetic organics; phase 2 - synthetic organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, and microbiological contaminants; phase 3 - radionuclides; phase 4 - disinfectant by-products, including trihalomethanes; and phase 5 - other synthetic organics, pesticides, and inorganics not considered previously. The revised regulations have been directed to address a variety of drinking water quality problems that could occur in public water systems across the US. The basic questions to be defined include the identification of specific contaminants to be regulated, the defining of levels which would be appropriate for the RMCLs and MCLS, and to determine what monitoring and reporting requirements would be appropriate to the needs. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association Vol. 76, No. 11, p 34-38, November, 1984. 4 Tab. AU - Cotruvo, JA AU - Vogt, C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1984/11// PY - 1984 DA - Nov 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Standards KW - Regulations KW - Water quality control KW - Organic compounds KW - Radionuclides KW - Disinfectants KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Pesticides KW - Inorganic compounds KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18994555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Development+of+Revised+Primary+Drinking+Water+Regulations&rft.au=Cotruvo%2C+JA%3BVogt%2C+C&rft.aulast=Cotruvo&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1984-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of Aquatic Effects Due to Acid Deposition AN - 19052698; 8808961 AB - Increased concern over the impact of acid deposition on natural resources has caused the proliferation of substantial research in the area of effects. Often overlooked is the synthesis of this vast body of information into a coherent picture to be used for assessment and policy analysis. Relationships among research projects frequently are poorly defined or lacking, and problems of spatial and temporal resolution are abundant. The acquisition and use of historical data, for example, water quality and fish stocking data, to determine trends over time is problematical. Assessments of aquatic effects will be made in 1985, 1987, and 1989 under the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program. A procedure is presented which attempts to organize existing information over space and time. Problems are highlighted and information needs made apparent. (See also W88-08960) (Author 's abstract) JF - Impact of Acid Rain and Deposition on Aquatic Biological Systems. A Symposium Sponsored by the American Society for Testing Material Committee D-19 on Water, Bal Harbour, Florida October 29, 1984. ASTM Special Technical Publication No. 928, 1986. p 4-16, 3 fig, 1 tab, 18 ref. AU - Malanchuk, J L AU - Mundy, P A AU - Nesse, R J AU - Bennett, DA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1984/10// PY - 1984 DA - Oct 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Acid rain KW - Water pollution effects KW - Aquatic environment KW - Assessments KW - Planning KW - Data interpretation KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19052698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+Aquatic+Effects+Due+to+Acid+Deposition&rft.au=Malanchuk%2C+J+L%3BMundy%2C+P+A%3BNesse%2C+R+J%3BBennett%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Malanchuk&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Method for Establishing Site-Specific Stream Design Flows for Wasteload Allocations AN - 18992048; 8503336 AB - A majority of States use the chronic level water quality criteria and the 7-day, 10-year low flow as the stream design flow. To implement the recently published two-number water quality criteria (the final chronic value and the final acute value of any pollutant) states will need to establish the stream design flow for use in steady-state water quality modeling. The result predicts an optimum design flow for the final chronic value of any pollutant. A scientifically established stream chronic design flow method makes it possible to set one optimum wasteload allocation to meet the two-number water quality criteria. The method is based on the unique toxicity characteristics of the pollutant involved, the unique variability of receiving stream flow, and the unique dilution available for the individual discharge. The procedure needed to use the method is simple, and the data needed to follow the recommended procedure are usually available. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation Vol. 56, No. 11, p 1123-1130, October, 1984. 2 Fig, 4 Tab, 13 Ref. AU - Biswas, H AU - Bell, BA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Wasteload Allocation Section Y1 - 1984/10// PY - 1984 DA - Oct 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water quality standards KW - Model studies KW - Streamflow KW - Waste load KW - Water pollution control KW - Design flows KW - Pollutant load KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18992048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Method+for+Establishing+Site-Specific+Stream+Design+Flows+for+Wasteload+Allocations&rft.au=Biswas%2C+H%3BBell%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Biswas&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1984-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Personal Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds; I. Direct Measurements in Breathing-Zone Air, Drinking Water, Food, and Exhaled Breath AN - 18974841; 8503041 AB - Individual exposures to about a dozen volatile organic compounds in air and drinking water were measured for nine volunteers in Bayonne and Elizabeth, New Jersey and from three volunteers in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina during three 3-day visits over the 6 month period. Breath samples were also collected from all subjects on each visit. About 230 personal air samples, 170 drinking water samples, 6 breath samples, and 4 food samples were analyzed for the target chemicals. Six of the target compounds were found in more than half of the air and breath samples, but seldom or never in food or water. Two compounds were transmitted primarily through drinking water or beverages. None was transmitted primarily through food. Two target compounds (vinyl chloride and 1,1,2-trichloroethane) were virtually never found. Median concentrations in air and breath were usually in the 1-10 micro g/cu m range, but air concentrations were highly variable, with maxima exceeding 100 micro g/cu m for five chemicals. Little day-to-day or person-to-person varability within a given geographic area was noted for trihalomethanes in drinking water, but a strong seasonal component was present, with summer values much greater than winter values. Beverages appeared to be an important route of exposure for chloroform and bromodichloromethane. Mean daily intakes of the four most prevalent chemicals were conservatively estimated to range from about 50 to 1000 micro g/day for 1,1 ,1-trichloroethane, 25 to 600 micro g/day for tetrachloroethylene, 10 to 300 micro g/day for trichloroethylene , and 140 to 370 micro g/day for chloroform. (Baker-IVI) JF - Environmental Research Vol. 35, No. 1, p 293-319, October, 1984. 10 Fig, 11 Tab, 19 Ref. AU - Wallace, LA AU - Pellizzari, E AU - Hartwell, T AU - Rosenzweig, M AU - Erickson, M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1984/10// PY - 1984 DA - Oct 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Pollutant identification KW - Bayonne KW - Elisabeth KW - New Jersey KW - Research Triangle Park KW - North Carolina KW - Drinking water KW - Organic compounds KW - Estimating KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18974841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Personal+Exposure+to+Volatile+Organic+Compounds%3B+I.+Direct+Measurements+in+Breathing-Zone+Air%2C+Drinking+Water%2C+Food%2C+and+Exhaled+Breath&rft.au=Wallace%2C+LA%3BPellizzari%2C+E%3BHartwell%2C+T%3BRosenzweig%2C+M%3BErickson%2C+M&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1984-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence of Synthetic Solvent Contaminants in a Glacial Outwash Aquifer, Washington State AN - 19036242; 8801734 AB - A quantitative approach to investigating the effect of pumping on the removal of pollutants from contaminated groundwater systems is presented. This method was applied to treat the concentration response data of 1,2 trans-dichloroethylehylene and tetrachloroethylene gathered during the December 1983 pump test, Well H-2 at the Lakewood site. The equations derived were used to obtain rough estimations for the process kinetics, the residence time of these compounds in the aquifer, the mass of these pollutants in the aquifer, and the retardation factor of 1 ,2 trans-dichloroethylene. While the method presented appears to be a useful approach in investigating the effect of pumping on the removal of pollutants from groundwater, its accuracy depends largely on the number of sampling points; the more sampling points there are, the longer the time interval, and the greater the accuracy of the analysis. (See also W88-01725) (Geiger-PTT) JF - Seventh Annual Madison Waste Conference Municipal and Industrial Waste September 11-12, 1984. 1984. p 116-131, 4 fig, 3 tab, 8 ref, append. AU - Wolf, F AU - Gorelik, I AD - Environmental Protection Agency Seattle, WA. Region X Y1 - 1984/09// PY - 1984 DA - Sep 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Organic solvents KW - Water pollution treatment KW - Sampling KW - Kinetics KW - Aquifers KW - Path of pollutants KW - Mathematical models KW - Adsorption KW - Desorption KW - Waste disposal KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Groundwater movement KW - Pumping KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19036242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+Synthetic+Solvent+Contaminants+in+a+Glacial+Outwash+Aquifer%2C+Washington+State&rft.au=Wolf%2C+F%3BGorelik%2C+I&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1984-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. EPA Perspective of Acid Rain AN - 19014084; 8708503 AB - The U.S. Statement made in Munich at the conference held there dealing with acid rain was repeated. It acknowledged the acid deposition problem and described the air pollution control measures undertaken by the U.S. to reduce the emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Significant financial investment was made and major sucesses were cited. However, the Statement claims that more research was needed to fill the gaps in the knowledge before a control strategy or policy decision could be reached. The speaker concluded by saying that discussions are ongoing and that Canada and the U.S. should be able to deal with the acid rain problem in a practical and environmentally sound way. (See also W87-08497) (Wood-PTT) JF - Pollution Across Borders: Acid Rain - Acid Diplomacy, Proceedings of a Conference September 12-14, 1984. Department of Forest Resources, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH. 1984. p 41-44. AU - Green, F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1984/09// PY - 1984 DA - Sep 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Acid rain KW - Air pollution KW - Rainfall KW - Path of pollutants KW - Political aspects KW - Economic aspects KW - Pollutants KW - Canada KW - United States KW - Environmental protection KW - Sulfur compounds KW - Costs KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19014084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=U.S.+EPA+Perspective+of+Acid+Rain&rft.au=Green%2C+F&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1984-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In-Depth Survey and Assessment of Deep Injection Wells Used to Dispose of Hazardous Waste - Preliminary Report AN - 19007913; 8705076 AB - The practice of using injection wells to dispose of waste started in the oil fields in the 30s and is considered an environmentally desirable method for disposing of oil field brines and other waste fluids resulting from oil and gas production. Injection of industrial waste started in the late fifties and so far has proven a reliable method for disposing of certain wastes. Recent studies by the National Research Council, the General Accounting Office and the Office of Technology and Assessment have all cited waste injection as an inherently better technology than other methods of land disposal of wastes. There have been problems associated with injection wells, but none that have resulted in documented cases of drinking water contamination. All of the problems occurred before the UIC regulations were inplace and could have been avoided if the UIC requirements had been met. They can be tied to improper siting, excessive injection pressures, and lack of monitoring for mechanical integrity. Studies to date indicate that while injection wells are not a panacea, when properly sited, operated and monitored, and for the type of wastes that lend themselves to the technology, they can be an environmentally sound method of disposal. However, whether a specific well should be allowed to operate should remain a case-by-case determination since the interaction between the hydrogeologic setting, construction material and type of waste injected must always be considered. In addition, congressional action related to the reauthorization of RCRA may force a reexamination of the issue of hazardous waste injection as part of the potential ban of one or more methods of land disposal for specific wastes. (See also W87-05071) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Innovative Means of Dealing with Potential Sources of Ground Water Contamination. Proceedings of the Seventh National Ground Water Quality Symposium September 26-28, 1984, Las Vegas, Nevada. National Water Well Association, 500 W. Wilson Bridge Road, Worthington, Ohio, 1984. p 97-110, 6 fig. AU - Kimm, V J AU - Brasier, F M AU - Salazar, M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1984/09// PY - 1984 DA - Sep 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Injection wells KW - Hazardous waste disposal KW - Environmental effects KW - Waste disposal KW - Oil wastes KW - Industrial wastes KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Legislation KW - Regulations KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19007913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=In-Depth+Survey+and+Assessment+of+Deep+Injection+Wells+Used+to+Dispose+of+Hazardous+Waste+-+Preliminary+Report&rft.au=Kimm%2C+V+J%3BBrasier%2C+F+M%3BSalazar%2C+M&rft.aulast=Kimm&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1984-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamics of Pollutant Photoreactions in the Hydrosphere AN - 18992260; 8503281 AB - Light-induced transformations of organic chemicals have been studied to provide kinetic results concerning the influence of sunlight on pollutant behavior in lakes and rivers. A review of these studies shows that the humus component of the dissolved organic matter in natural water affects aquatic photoreactions in two important ways: by attenuating sunlight and by sensitizing photoreactions. Studies of humus-sensitized photoreactions of furans, sulfides, dienes, nitroaromatic compounds, and other chemicals are discussed. Research concerning effects of aquatic particulates on pollutant photoreaction rates are reviewed. Suspended sediment mainly affect photolysis rates through light attenuation and scattering. Algae, diatoms, and bacteria accelerate light-induced transformations of anilines and phosphorothioate insecticides, suggesting that photobiological processes may play a significant role in the breakdown of certain pollutants in aquatic environments. Evidence is presented that nitrate, iron species, and peroxides may be responsible for sunlight-initiated free of radical oxidations of pollutants in some natural waters. (Author 's abstract) JF - Fresenius Zeitschrift fur Analytische Chemie Vol. 319, No. 2, p 119-125, September, 1984. 7 Fig, 4 Tab, 45 Ref. AU - Zepp, R G AU - Schlotzhauer, P F AU - Simmons AU - Miller, G C AU - Baughman, G L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Athens, GA Y1 - 1984/09// PY - 1984 DA - Sep 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Photoreactions KW - Reviews KW - Solar radiation KW - Kinetics KW - Lakes KW - Rivers KW - Humic substances KW - Natural waters KW - Organic matter KW - Suspended solids KW - Algae KW - Diatoms KW - Bacteria KW - Nitrates KW - Iron KW - Peroxides KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18992260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Dynamics+of+Pollutant+Photoreactions+in+the+Hydrosphere&rft.au=Zepp%2C+R+G%3BSchlotzhauer%2C+P+F%3BSimmons%3BMiller%2C+G+C%3BBaughman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GAC Treatment Costs: A Sensitivity Analysis AN - 18982477; 8502274 AB - Activated carbon is effective for removing a broad spectrum of organics from drinking water but is most effective for removing high molecular weight compounds. The sensitivity of granular activated carbon system costs to changes in certain operating variables is examined. Several variables have been identified as important. These include choice of system configuration, loading rate and size of system, reactivation frequency, interest rate and life of system, local construction and operating costs, inflation, and carbon use rate. With the help of the curves presented, these sensitivities can be studied. Based on this analysis any design changes that can use the capital invested in the system more efficiently will minimize the cost. For a given empty bed contact time, fewer contactors of greater volume yield minimum cost. Based on activated carbon use rate, however, bigger is not better. The relationship between activated carbon use rate, activated carbon loss and reactivation frequency must be studied carefully. Using a cheaper activated carbon with higher losses could mean increased activited carbon losses and more frequent reactivation. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering Vol. 110, No. 4, p 737-750, August, 1984. 9 Fig, 10 Tab, 7 Ref. AU - Clark, R M AU - Eilers, R G AU - Lykins, BWJr AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1984/08// PY - 1984 DA - Aug 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Activated carbon KW - Economic aspects KW - Water treatment KW - Design criteria KW - Cost analysis KW - Drinking water KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18982477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=GAC+Treatment+Costs%3A+A+Sensitivity+Analysis&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BEilers%2C+R+G%3BLykins%2C+BWJr&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inexpensive Weir and Proportional Sampler for Miniature Watershed Ecosystems AN - 18981139; 8502990 AB - Small ecosystems, called soil-island communities, occur in depressions on granitic outcrops. These ecosystems are typically irregularly circular, and only several meters in width. A weir system with a proportional sampler for use on such miniature watershed ecosystems is described. Eight weir collection systems were evaluated for their ability to measure and sample inputs and outputs of soil-island ecosystems. The proportional water samples collected by the weir collection systems were adequate for elemental analysis and provided sufficient data for calculating elemental budgets. Although some of the proportional samples were less than the weir systems were designed to collect , a composite, proportional sample was obtained throughout an entire precipitation event. The greatest danger to sample accuracy is exceeding the capacity of the system. The weir systems were not able to account to 25 to 50% of the variation in total water passing over the cutoff wall. Optimal performance of a proportional sampler occurs when volume of water flow is near maximum rather than near minimum. (Moore-IVI) JF - Water Resources Bulletin Vol. 20, No. 4, p 619-625, August, 1984. 3 Fig, 2 Tab, 19 Ref. DOE contract DE-AS09-76EV00641. AU - Nabholz, J V AU - Crossley, DAJr AU - Best, G R AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances Y1 - 1984/08// PY - 1984 DA - Aug 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Weirs KW - Samplers KW - Small watersheds KW - Soil-island ecosystems KW - Water sampling KW - Rainfall runoff KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18981139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Inexpensive+Weir+and+Proportional+Sampler+for+Miniature+Watershed+Ecosystems&rft.au=Nabholz%2C+J+V%3BCrossley%2C+DAJr%3BBest%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Nabholz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Municipal Compliance - Another View AN - 18970720; 8502571 AB - General Accounting Office (GAO) studied the noncompliance rates of a random sample of 631 major dischargers - 274 municipal and 257 industrial - in six states. The data in the GAO report is re-analyzed and the statistical basis for evaluating compliance is examined. The important conclusion is that EPA noncompliance rates are consistent with GAO rates. The distribution of noncompliance results from a mixing process, and estimating the rate of noncompliance entails some explicit and implicit assumptions. One factor affecting the size of GAO 's significant noncompliance rates is definitional, the other is statistical. The definitional problem is that GAO included fecal coliform and flow, pollutants likely to have high noncompliance rates. The statistical problems are complex and are summarized. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation Vol. 56, No. 8, p 924-917, August, 1984. 4 Tab, 6 Ref. AU - Schaeffer, D J AU - Kerster, H W AU - Janardan, K G AD - Illinois State Environmental Protection Agency Springfield. Div. of Water Pollution Control Y1 - 1984/08// PY - 1984 DA - Aug 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution control KW - Compliance KW - Municipal wastewater KW - Water quality control KW - Industrial wastes KW - Effluents KW - Statistical studies KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18970720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Municipal+Compliance+-+Another+View&rft.au=Schaeffer%2C+D+J%3BKerster%2C+H+W%3BJanardan%2C+K+G&rft.aulast=Schaeffer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity, Uptake, and Elimination of the Herbicides Alachlor and Dinoseb in Freshwater Fish AN - 18969804; 8501296 AB - Fathead minnows 30 d of age were exposed to technical grade alachlor and dinoseb in flow-through tests to determine acute toxicity. Median lethal concentrations for alachlor were 9.9, 6.6, 5.0 and 3.0 mg/L at 24, 48, 96, and 192 hr, respectively. Values for dinoseb were 0.8, 0.7, 0.7, and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. Early life stages of the fathead minnow were exposed to lower concentrations of each compound for a total of 64 d. The no effect concentration was estimated to lie between 0.52 and 1.10 mg/L for alachlor and between 14.5 and 48.5 microg/L for dinoseb. Neither herbicide was appreciably accumulated in fish tissue. Whole body bioconcentration factors for parent alachlor and dinoseb were 6.0 and 1.4, respectively. Rainbow trout injected with radiolabeled herbicides eliminated > 83% of the radioactivity within 24 hr as a combination of parent compound and metabolites. Accumulation of alachlor and dinoseb residues and the toxicity of alachlor do not appear to present great environmental risks to fish. The toxicity of dinoseb may pose some risk. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of Environmental Quality Vol. 13, No. 3, p 493-498, July-September, 1984. 2 Fig, 3 Tab, 34 Ref. EPA grants R-806196-01 and R-880020-01-0. AU - Call, D J AU - Brooke, L T AU - Kent, R J AU - Poirier, SH AU - Knuth, M L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances Y1 - 1984/07// PY - 1984 DA - Jul 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fish KW - Toxicity KW - Herbicides KW - Alachlor KW - Dinoseb KW - Biological magnification KW - Water pollution effects KW - Pesticide toxicity KW - Metabolism KW - Minnows KW - Trout KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18969804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Toxicity%2C+Uptake%2C+and+Elimination+of+the+Herbicides+Alachlor+and+Dinoseb+in+Freshwater+Fish&rft.au=Call%2C+D+J%3BBrooke%2C+L+T%3BKent%2C+R+J%3BPoirier%2C+SH%3BKnuth%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Call&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bureau of Reclamation, U. S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. AN - 50221756; 1994-046154 JF - Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development Publication AU - Nielsen, Aldon D A2 - Schottenfeld, Faith Y1 - 1984/06// PY - 1984 DA - June 1984 SP - 129 EP - 131 PB - Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development Publ., [Ithaca, NY] VL - 36 KW - water quality KW - programs KW - U. S. Bureau of Reclamation KW - reclamation KW - legislation KW - government agencies KW - water management KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50221756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeast+Regional+Center+for+Rural+Development+Publication&rft.atitle=Bureau+of+Reclamation%2C+U.+S.+Department+of+the+Interior%2C+Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+Aldon+D&rft.aulast=Nielsen&rft.aufirst=Aldon&rft.date=1984-06-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeast+Regional+Center+for+Rural+Development+Publication&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Northeast groundwater management N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY] N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03815 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - government agencies; ground water; legislation; policy; pollution; programs; reclamation; remediation; risk assessment; U. S. Bureau of Reclamation; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater Supply Survey AN - 18987204; 8500702 AB - The results of the US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Drinking Water, sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in finished water supplies that use groundwater sources are discussed. Concentrations of 29 VOCs in addition to five trihalomethanes and total organic carbon from 945 water supplies were measured. The five most frequently found compounds other than trihalomethanes were trichloroethylene, 1,1 ,1-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, cis- and/or trans-1 ,2-dichloroethylene, and 1,1-dichloroethane. Approximately half of the samples were taken from a random list of water systems, which were subdivided into two sets of systems - those serving fewer than 10,000 persons and those serving more than 10,000 persons. The nonrandom samples were taken from systems selected by the states, using groundwater sources that were likely to show VOCs in drinking water. Large systems in the random sample had a significantly higher frequency of occurrence of VOC contamination than small systems and were also more likely to have higher levels of contamination. (Author 's abatract) JF - Journal of American Water Works Association Vol. 76, No. 5, p 52-59, May, 1984. 2 Fig, 14 Tab, 7 Ref. AU - Westrick, J J AU - Mello, J W AU - Thomas, R F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH Y1 - 1984/05// PY - 1984 DA - May 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Organic compounds KW - Water systems KW - Drinking water KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Volatile compounds KW - Trichloroethane KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - Dichloroethylene KW - Dichloroethane KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18987204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Groundwater+Supply+Survey&rft.au=Westrick%2C+J+J%3BMello%2C+J+W%3BThomas%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Westrick&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oil Shale - Potential Environmental Impacts and Control Technologies AN - 18985316; 8500285 AB - A program was begun in 1973 to evaluate potential environmental impacts from oil-shale development activities and suggest various potential control technologies. Recent results of these activities are reported including field test results on control of sulfur gases at Occidental Oil Shale 's Logan Wash Site, and Geokinetic 's Kamp Kerogen Site, wastewater treatability studies on retort water and gas condensate at Logan Wash, and results of laboratory and field testing on raw and retorted oil shales. Of the various systems studied, the Stretford, EIC, MDEA, (Selectamine and Adip), Benfield, Diamox, and Selexol appear to have the potential for the greatest sulfur dioxide selectivity for application to direct fired retorts. Based on a cost evaluation of a model case, the Stretford process appears to be the most cost effective approach for direct fired retorts. (Baker-IVI) JF - Environmental Progress Vol. 3, No. 2, p 107-115, May, 1984. 4 Fig, 13 Tab, 6 Ref. AU - Bates, E R AU - Liberick, W W AU - Burckle, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH Y1 - 1984/05// PY - 1984 DA - May 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Oil shale KW - Water pollution control KW - Environmental effects KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Retort water KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18985316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Oil+Shale+-+Potential+Environmental+Impacts+and+Control+Technologies&rft.au=Bates%2C+E+R%3BLiberick%2C+W+W%3BBurckle%2C+J&rft.aulast=Bates&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1984-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utilization of Municipal Wastewater and Sludge on Land AN - 18980798; 8500679 AB - Improvements in systems design, management and risk assessment in the past 10 years clearly demonstrate the technological feasibility and economic soundness of land treatments. In 1983, 203 invited researchers and practitioners of land treatment from all areas of the United States and abroad assembled in a workshop to evaluate advances made in land application of municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents and sludges during the past decade. Since 1973 more than 1,000 new land treatment systems have begun in the United States. Considerable progress has been made in the design of land treatment systems. Advancements made in the areas of pathogenic organisms, organic contaminants, metals, and institutional constraints are reviewed. (Baker-IVI) JF - BioCycle Vol. 25, No. 4, p 26-30, May-June, 1984. 8 Fig, 8 Ref. AU - Gleason, TLIII AU - Smith, JEJr AU - Page, AL AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1984/05// PY - 1984 DA - May 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Land disposal KW - Reviews KW - Systems design KW - Management KW - Risks KW - Metals KW - Bacteria KW - Wastewater disposal KW - Sludge disposal KW - Municipal wastes KW - Organic compounds KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18980798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Utilization+of+Municipal+Wastewater+and+Sludge+on+Land&rft.au=Gleason%2C+TLIII%3BSmith%2C+JEJr%3BPage%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Gleason&rft.aufirst=TLIII&rft.date=1984-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of Septic Tank Distribution and Septage Generation Rates in Illinois AN - 19025054; 8708218 AB - The original Section 208 Water Quality Management Plan for Illinois estimated that on-site disposal served a million people in the State, roughly 18% of the total population. Until recently, conventional sewage systems were considered to be the most efficient means to meet a community 's wastewater treatment needs. However, the necessary capital and operating costs for central sewerage systems can create significant financial burdens on individuals and communities. Because of the provisions of the Clean Water Act of 1977 (PL 95-217), incentives are now available for non-centralized systems through the allotment of state level set-aside funds for on-site construction grants. This report examines the distribution and use of on-site wastewater systems in Illinois. It presents an analysis of generation and disposition of residuals resulting from on-site disposal systems (septage). The report provides: (1) a discussion of the distribution of septic tank usage and density; (2) an estimation and presentation of septage generation rates; (3) a characterization of septage disposal practices and procedures; (4) a description of the general regulatory framework for septic tank operation in Illinois; and (5) concludes with a discussion of overall recommendations for improved management. (Author 's abstract) JF - Available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield Virginia 22161, as PB84-231174. Price codes: A05 in paper copy, A01 in microfiche. Report No. IEPA/WPC/84-003, March 1984. 69 p, 9 fig, 31 tab, 11 ref, append. EPA Grant P005626-01. AU - Pendowski, J AU - McBride, B AU - Crandall, D AD - Illinois State Environmental Protection Agency Springfield. Div. of Water Pollution Control Y1 - 1984/04// PY - 1984 DA - Apr 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Septic tanks KW - Illinois KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Sewer systems KW - Water quality control KW - Municipal wastewater KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19025054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Septic+Tank+Distribution+and+Septage+Generation+Rates+in+Illinois&rft.au=Pendowski%2C+J%3BMcBride%2C+B%3BCrandall%2C+D&rft.aulast=Pendowski&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on Home Water Treatment Systems AN - 18946485; 8404580 AB - Commercially available home water treatment systems were tested to compare the efficiency of more than 30 units in removing volatile organic chemicals and to investigate the microbiological and endotoxin concentrations found in the filter effluents. Statistical information on every unit tested is presented in a series of tables. Units were of various types including faucet bypass, pour-through, stationary, and line bypass. Data is listed concerning trihalomethane and nonpurgeable total organic carbon reductions, average trihalomethane reduction efficiencies by type of commercial unit , statistical comparison of standard plate count and endotoxin data from test unit effluent and control loop samples - groundwater study, summary performance for halogenated organics removal during rated lifetime of units in the groundwater study, range of percentage reduction of specific halogenated organics (carbon tetrachloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene) in groundwater studies, and the range of percentage reduction of specific halogenated organics (p-dichlorobenzene, hexachlorobenzene, and chlordane) in a surface water study. (Baker-IVI) JF - American Water Works Association Journal Vol. 76, No. 4, p 126-130, April, 1984. 1 Fig, 7 Tab, 6 Ref. AU - Bell, FAJr AU - Perry, D L AU - Smith, J K AU - Lynch, S C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1984/04// PY - 1984 DA - Apr 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Drinking water KW - Water treatment KW - Endotoxins KW - Efficiency KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Organic compounds KW - Water quality control KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Microorganisms KW - Groundwater KW - Surface water KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18946485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Studies+on+Home+Water+Treatment+Systems&rft.au=Bell%2C+FAJr%3BPerry%2C+D+L%3BSmith%2C+J+K%3BLynch%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=FAJr&rft.date=1984-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial aerosols: estimated contribution of combine harvesting to an airshed. AN - 733444707; 16346481 AB - From plate counts of the airborne microorganisms in the downwind dust plume of operating grass-seed combines, the mean source concentrations were calculated to be 6.4 x 10 and 4.7 x 10/m, respectively, potentially accounting for at least 41.9% of the bacteria and 35.1% of the fungi in the airshed in the Willamette Valley, Oregon. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Lighthart, B AD - Toxic and Hazardous Materials Branch, Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Oregon 97333. Y1 - 1984/02// PY - 1984 DA - February 1984 SP - 430 EP - 432 VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733444707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Microbial+aerosols%3A+estimated+contribution+of+combine+harvesting+to+an+airshed.&rft.au=Lighthart%2C+B&rft.aulast=Lighthart&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1984-02-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=430&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2010-06-25 N1 - Date created - 2010-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Anim Sci. 1975 Nov;41(5):1502-11 [1194129] J Hyg (Lond). 1969 Dec;67(4):671-7 [4311577] Appl Microbiol. 1966 Mar;14(2):232-6 [5959858] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1982 Sep;44(3):695-700 [16346097] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1978 Jun;35(6):1231-2 [677884] J Anim Sci. 1975 Nov;41(5):1512-20 [1194130] Appl Microbiol. 1966 Mar;14(2):241-4 [6006417] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1982 Nov;44(5):1059-63 [16346129] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonpoint Contamination of Groundwater on Long Island, New York AN - 19031075; 8802611 AB - The regional contamination of the groundwater supply of Long Island, New York resulting from the use of the land by all forms of man 's activity is described. Nonpoint contamination is nearly island-wide because urbanization and agriculture have both contributed to the problem. The geohydrology of the island was studied as early as 1906. The unconsolidated sediments consist of four aquifers and two confining beds. Encroachment of saline water is documented in the first half of this century due to overpumping, especially in Kings County. Nitrate levels in groundwater have increased because of the widespread use of invidivual waste-disposal systems (cesspools and ceptic tanks) and the use of manure fertilizer on farmland. Heavy metals have not been found in appreciable amounts except in areas of point source contamination. Synthetic organic chemicals, mostly cleaning fluids and solvents, have been deposited directly into individual disposal systems where they infiltrate into the groundwater. Methylene blue active substances present in synthetic detergents are added largely through the discharge of individual waste-disposal systems but also occur from leaks in sewers and landfills. By 1980, pesticides had been identified in at least 1200 farm and residential wells in the north and south forks. Treatment of water supplies may become necessary in the future. Where treatment costs may be too costly, water may have to transported from one section of the island to another. (See also W88-02602) (Geiger-PTT) JF - Groundwater Contamination, National Academy Press, Washington DC. February 1984. p 120-126, 2 fig, 26 ref. AU - Kimmel, GE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC Y1 - 1984/02// PY - 1984 DA - Feb 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Water pollution sources KW - Nonpoint pollution sources KW - Path of pollutants KW - Long Island KW - New York KW - Urbanization KW - Industrial wastes KW - Pesticides KW - Nitrates KW - Metals KW - Saline water intrusion KW - Organic compounds KW - Groundwater recharge KW - Geohydrology KW - Land use KW - Wastewater treatment KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19031075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Nonpoint+Contamination+of+Groundwater+on+Long+Island%2C+New+York&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1984-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Specification of Objectives by Group Processes in Multiobjective Water Resources Planning AN - 18960863; 8403816 AB - One weak link in previous attempts to apply multiobjective decision-aiding tools to actual decision problems has been the initial specification of a usable set of objectives. One new aproach to this problem applies findings about group processes to the development of a suitable procedure for generating and structuring ideas. The procedure, in turn, is applied to determine a set of objectives for the selection of a portfolio of water projects. The procedure results in the definition of a set of objectives that is minimal, operational, complete, decomposable, nonredundant, and hierarchically structured. The procedure is demonstrated effectively in the context of an actual problem situation in water resources planning. In order to invest the limited funding available for water projects on Indian reservations as wisely as possible, the development of a decision support system was initiated to assist with water project portfolio selection decisions that are made as part of the annual appropriations cycle. (Baker-IVI) JF - Water Resources Research Vol. 20, No. 2, p 189-196, February, 1984. 1 Fig, 1 Tab, 19 Ref. AU - Deason, J P AU - White, KPJr AD - Department of the Interior Washington, DC. Office of Water Policy Y1 - 1984/02// PY - 1984 DA - Feb 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Decision making KW - Planning KW - Irrigation programs KW - Water resources KW - Water supply development KW - Indian reservations KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18960863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Specification+of+Objectives+by+Group+Processes+in+Multiobjective+Water+Resources+Planning&rft.au=Deason%2C+J+P%3BWhite%2C+KPJr&rft.aulast=Deason&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fuel in Sewage Sludge Incineration AN - 754892416; 13510896 AB - As a result of a demonstration project partly sponsored by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in cooperation with the Indianapolis Center for Advanced Research, the City of Indianapolis, Indiana, realized a 34% fuel savings for sewage sludge incineration. At the same time, sludge throughput was increased 10%. In addition to these proven savings, operational downtime for repairs was reduced, maintenance costs were reduced, and air pollution was reduced. The air pollution reduction allowed Indianapolis to cancel a $3,000,000 construction program for air pollution abatement.Other cities incinerating sewage sludge in the United States that have initiated the fuel efficient mode of operation have saved even more fuel than Indianapolis. Nashville, Tennessee, reduced its fuel usage 40%; Buffalo, New York, reduced its fuel usage 47% from design expectations; Hartford, Connecticut, reduced its fuel usage 51%; and Jacksonville, Florida has reduced its fuel usage over 50%.These savings result from installing additional instrumentation and controls (often not required at newer facilities), modifying the incinerator operating methods, and training the operators to operate the facilities more efficiently. At Indianapolis, it cost $20,000 per incinerator for instrumentation and operator training. This was ah older plant and required a maximum amount of new controls and instrumentation; however, the payback for this $20,000 was less than three months due to the reduction in fuel use based on an oil price of $0.264 per litre ($1.00 per gallon). In the other cities where instrumentation controls were adequate, the cost for developing the now operating mode and training the operators averaged $75,000 per city. JF - Waste Management & Research AU - Wall, H AU - Waltz, E AU - Verdouw, A AD - Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, U.S.A Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 205 EP - 225 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 0734-242X, 0734-242X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - incineration KW - sewage sludge KW - fuel use reduction KW - operator training KW - air pollution abatement KW - multiple hearth furnace KW - instrumentation control KW - systems KW - fuel efficient KW - efficiency demonstration. KW - USA, Indiana, Indianapolis KW - USA, Florida KW - Instrumentation KW - Waste Management KW - USA, Connecticut KW - USA, New York, Buffalo KW - Sewage sludge KW - Fuels KW - Air pollution control KW - Costs KW - Oil KW - Incineration plants KW - Fuel KW - USA, Tennessee, Nashville KW - Urban areas KW - Air Pollution KW - Training KW - Sludge KW - Maintenance KW - USA, New York KW - USA, Indiana KW - Air pollution KW - USA, Tennessee KW - EPA KW - Incineration KW - Incinerators KW - Wastewater KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754892416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.atitle=Fuel+in+Sewage+Sludge+Incineration&rft.au=Wall%2C+H%3BWaltz%2C+E%3BVerdouw%2C+A&rft.aulast=Wall&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.issn=0734242X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0734242X8400200127 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oil; Air pollution; EPA; Incineration; Training; Sewage sludge; Fuels; Incineration plants; Incinerators; Air pollution control; Maintenance; Urban areas; Costs; Air Pollution; Waste Management; Instrumentation; Sludge; Wastewater; Fuel; USA, Indiana; USA, Tennessee; USA, Indiana, Indianapolis; USA, Florida; USA, New York, Buffalo; USA, Connecticut; USA, Tennessee, Nashville; USA, New York DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242X8400200127 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field Measurement of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Soil and Sediment Using a Portable Gas Chromatograph AN - 19272955; 8809124 AB - The EPA Region 1 Laboratory at Lexington, Massachusetts, developed a rapid field method for measuring the presence of PCBs in soil and sediments. The analytical technique is gas chromatography using the linearized electron capture detector (GC/EC). If preheated using AC power, the oven can maintain 200 C for 8 hours on battery operation and the batteries can be recharged overnight for additional 8 hour periods of use. For PCB measurements a 4 foot by 1/8 inch stainless steel column packed with 3% SE-30 on 80/100 mesh chromosorb W-HP was used. Various solvent mixtures were tested for extraction efficiency and water:methanol:hexane (1:4:5) gave almost complete recovery of the test sample of Arochlor 1242 from dry sediment. Reproducible measurements at PCB levels ranging from less than .2 ppm to 24,000 ppm of Alochlor 1254 were obtained in the field with most sample runs completed in less than 9 minutes each. (See also W88-09120) (Wood-PTT) JF - Environmental Sampling for Hazardous Wastes. American Chemical Society, Washington DC. 1984. p 37-42, 7 fig. AU - Spittler, T M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Lexington, MA. Region 1 Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Gas chromatography KW - Pollutant identification KW - Measuring techniques KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Soil contamination KW - Sediment contamination KW - Sediments KW - Reproducibility KW - Detection limits KW - Field tests KW - Measuring instruments KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19272955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Field+Measurement+of+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls+in+Soil+and+Sediment+Using+a+Portable+Gas+Chromatograph&rft.au=Spittler%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Spittler&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous Waste: Questions and Issues from the Field AN - 19042193; 8809121 AB - The issues relevant to all hazardous waste site investigations, remedial actions, and ongoing field surveillance of cleaned sites were discussed with emphasis on some questions of field engineers and scientists concerning the number of samples, length of the sampling period, frequency of sampling, indicator parameters and field screening techniques, and methods of quantitative analysis. The cost-effective, logical, and efficient concept of selecting indicator contaminants in environmental sampling was detailed. The regulations require that groundwater quality parameters, indicators of groundwater contamination, pH, specific conductance, total organic halogen and total organic carbon, be measured in the aquifer below a surface impoundment, landfill or land treatment facility for hazardous wastes to establish an initial background concentration. The measurements are then repeated on a specified schedule to show changes in the parameters. Two examples, taken from case studies, were presented in which the significance and meaning of the field investigation results depended entirely on the design of the environmental sampling programs. In one case the selection of indicator compounds was arbitrary and potentially misleading since the chemical and physical properties of all the contaminating compounds present were not considered. In a second, the statistical techniques applied to the data for reporting results and for comparison with standards and future data were not discussed; a common omission. It is suggested that a systematic approach to the design of field sampling, to the selection of compounds for analysis, and to the methods for interpretation of the analytical data be improved. (See also W88-09120) (Wood-PTT) JF - Environmental Sampling for Hazardous Wastes. American Chemical Society, Washington DC. 1984. p 1-5. AU - Hynes, H P AD - Environmental Protection Agency Boston, MA. Region I Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Hazardous materials KW - Waste disposal KW - Water pollution control KW - Project planning KW - Indicators KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Path of pollutants KW - Data interpretation KW - Sampling KW - Statistical methods KW - Case studies KW - On-site investigations KW - Groundwater pollution KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19042193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Hazardous+Waste%3A+Questions+and+Issues+from+the+Field&rft.au=Hynes%2C+H+P&rft.aulast=Hynes&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidification of Rain by Oxidation of Dissolved Sulfur Dioxide and Adsorption of Nitric Acid AN - 19033931; 8800376 AB - Simulations using the subcloud scavenging/chemical reaction model led to several conclusions. (1) Hydrogen peroxide oxidizes dissolved sulfur dioxide more effectively than did ozone, Mn(++) , and C(O). (2) The rate of acidification is nonlinear with respect to the concentration of sulfur dioxide when the concentration of sulfur dioxide is greater than the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. Reducing the sulfur dioxide concentration does not reduce the rate or quantity of sulfuric acid formed, as long as the concentration of sulfur dioxide is greater than the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. If the concentration of sulfur dioxide is less than the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, reducing sulfur dioxide concentration proportionally reduces the sulfuric acid in the rain. Nitric acid inhibits the effectiveness of ozone for oxidizing dissolved sulfur dioxide. The effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide for oxidizing sulfur dioxide is not inhibited at pH 2-6. Nitric acid is rapidly scavenged by initial rainfall, producing lower pH at the beginning of a rain. Hydrogen peroxide is also rapidly scavenged and may react in the sample collector to produce more acid. (See also W88-00371) (Cassar-PTT) JF - Acid Precipitation Series Volume 2: Chemistry of Particles, Fogs and Rain, Butterworth Publishers, Boston. 1984. Volume edited by Jack L. Durham. Series edited by John I. Teasley. p 197-235, 22 fig, 7 tab, 35 ref, append. AU - Durham, J L AU - Barnes, H M AU - Overton, J H AD - Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Acid rain KW - Precipitation KW - Oxidation KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Nitric acid KW - Chemical reactions KW - Rain KW - Model studies KW - Ozone KW - Sulfuric acid KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Ammonia KW - Sulfates KW - Nitrates KW - Clouds KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19033931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Acidification+of+Rain+by+Oxidation+of+Dissolved+Sulfur+Dioxide+and+Adsorption+of+Nitric+Acid&rft.au=Durham%2C+J+L%3BBarnes%2C+H+M%3BOverton%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Durham&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scientific Issues Associated with Acid Rain AN - 19033363; 8802658 AB - Recently an issue has been emerging from the scientific and academic community, regarding acid rain. It involves two different hypotheses about how the acidification process works. For the purpose of this discussion one is called the ' delayed-response ' hypothesis, and the other the ' direct-response ' hypothesis. The delayed-reponse hypothesis is the one most commonly accepted among the general public who have learned about acid deposition. This hypothesis holds that the acidification of lakes is a long-term process, that acid deposition accumulates over a number of years, and that after it uses up the neutralizing capacity in the watershed, more and more acidity will flow into a lake and it may become acidic. The implication of this hypothesis is that unless deposition is decreased, we will continue to see more and more lakes become acidic. The direct-response hypothesis is suggested as specifically applicable to some or a large proportion of the Northeast. It holds that the acidification of lakes is more immediate than long term. Under this hypothesis, the sensitivityy of a watershed depends on the rate at which it can make buffering materials available to neutralize acidity, not on the extent of stored-up capacity for buffering. Therefore, the equilibrium between what 's coming down in deposition and what 's going into the lake is established very quickly in 10 years or less. If this hypothesis were proved to be true for most or all watersheds in the Northeast, it would imply that if the deposition does not increase, the lakes and streams which are acidified today would be the lakes and streams which would be acidified may years from now. As fascinating as these hypotheses are, there are not sufficient empirical data to determine which of them is correct and for what watersheds. The reserach efforst by the Federal government and others are continually yielding results that add to our knowledge and understanding of the problem. Progress isn t necessarily a function of scale or projects or level of funding. Small projects can yield large payoffs and vice versa. Current knowledge and understanding about the acid rain program has increased remarkably just over the last five years. That growth should continue at a rapid rate. (See also W88-02650) (Lantz-PTT) JF - The Acid Rain Sourcebook. McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York NY. 1984. p 76-81. AU - Riordan, C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Acid rain KW - Environmental effects KW - Water pollution effects KW - Acidic water KW - Lakes KW - Watersheds KW - Water quality KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19033363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Scientific+Issues+Associated+with+Acid+Rain&rft.au=Riordan%2C+C&rft.aulast=Riordan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salinity Bubbles and Offsets: A Concept Paper AN - 18999029; 8602271 AB - The impacts of salinity and the principles of a bubble/offset policy for environmental protection are discussed and the specifics of the problem of salinity in the Colorado River are described. Impacts on land and water uses include reduced crop yield, additional municipal water treatment costs, and increased corrosion and wear at water treatment facilities. The bubble concept applies to the practice of a facility rearranging emission control requirements, decreasing controls where control costs are high in exchange for increased controls where costs are low. The offset policy permits a new facility to enter a non-attainment area, provided the firm offsets its emissions with emission reductions obtained from existing firms in the non-attainment area. As related to Colorado River salinity control, the state of California recommended a bubble (the salinity concentrations at a particular time) bounded by the outflow from the Upper Basin, and recommended a basinwide offset policy for maintaining the bubble. The flexibility of the bubble and offset concepts, and their appropriateness for controlling salinity in the Colorado River Basin are discussed. JF - Salinity in Watercourses and Reservoirs, Butterworth Publishers Boston. 1984. p 79-91, 30 ref. AU - Reetz, G R AD - Environmental Protection Agency Denver, CO. Water Management Div Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Salinity KW - Saline water KW - Irrigation KW - Irrigation procedures KW - Water requirements KW - Irrigation requirements KW - Water supply KW - Water use KW - Water users KW - Colorado River KW - Colorado River Basin KW - Legal aspects KW - Legislation KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18999029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Salinity+Bubbles+and+Offsets%3A+A+Concept+Paper&rft.au=Reetz%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Reetz&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Characterization of Chesapeake Bay and a Framework for Action AN - 18992806; 8602092 AB - Data compiled and analyzed during the EPA 's Chesapeake bay Program show how the filtering action responsible for the estuary 's high productivity also traps pollutants. The bay 's ecology has gradually changed as follows: blue-green algal blooms have increased in frequency; submerged aquatic vegetation has declined dramatically, particularly in the upper bay and western shore tributaries; freshwater-spawning fish have declined, while marine-spawning fish have increased; and oyster spat set has decreased significantly as blue crab harvests have increased. Nutrient levels are high in the upper bay and tributaries, moderate in the eastern shore area, and normal in the lower bay. The amount of water in the main part of the bay which has low or no dissolved oxygen has increased 15-fold between 1950 and 1980. High concentrations of toxic organic compounds are in bottom sediments of the main bay near industrial facilities, near river mouths, and in areas of maximum turbidity. Metal concentrations are significantly higher than background levels in many areas; the Patapsco and Elizabeth Rivers being most highly contaminated. To reverse the decline of this ecosystem, inputs of nutrients and toxic materials must be controlled. Nutrient loadings can be reduced by implementing agricultural runoff control, urban runoff control, and point source control of industrial and wastewater treatment plant discharges. Metal loadings from point and nonpoint sources are already being reduced with the aid of the metal contamination index, the toxicity index, and effluent/sediment testing procedures. (Cassar-PTT) JF - The Estuary as a Filter, Academic Press, Orlando FL. 1984. p 467-487, 7 fig, 2 tab, 4 ref. AU - Tippie, V K AD - Environmental Protection Agency Annapolis, MD. Chesapeake Bay Program Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Estuaries KW - Water pollution sources KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Filtration KW - Chesapeake bay KW - Metals KW - Organic compounds KW - Water pollution control KW - Water quality KW - Management KW - Aquatic life KW - Shellfish KW - Fish KW - Aquatic animals KW - Aquatic plants KW - Algae KW - Oysters KW - Submerged plants KW - Sediments KW - Nutrients KW - Nitrogen KW - Phosphorus KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Oxygen KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18992806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Environmental+Characterization+of+Chesapeake+Bay+and+a+Framework+for+Action&rft.au=Tippie%2C+V+K&rft.aulast=Tippie&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential Pesticide Contamination of Groundwater from Agricultural Uses AN - 18988979; 8506784 AB - Combinations of pesticide characteristics and field conditions most likely to be associated with groundwater contamination as a result of agricultural use are given based on a summary of chemical uses and properties and current monitoring data. Chemical characteristics and monitoring data are reviewed for alachlor, aldicarb and products, atrazine, bromacil, carbofuran, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA) and products, dichloropropane, dinoseb, 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB), oxamyl, and simazine. The key environmental fate parameters for mathematical modeling, K sub oc (= soil water distribution coefficient, K sub d, divided by soil organic carbon content), K sub d, solubility, hydrolysis half-life, soil/field dissipation half-life, and pK sub a, are tabulated for these pesticides. Based on the limited data available, certain chemical characteristics in combination with certain field characteristics appear to be associated with a high potential for groundwater contamination. Chemical characteristics are solubility in water > about 30 ppm, K sub d about 1 wk, and soil half-life > 2-3 wk. Field conditions are total precipitation and irrigation recharge > about 25 cm/yr (high recharge typically is associated with low moisture holding capacity of the soil), high levels of nitrates in ground water, porous soil above an unconfined aquifer, and a soil pH providing high stability to pesticide residues. These generalizations also may apply to some degree to uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. (Rochester-IVI) JF - ACS Symposium Series Vol. 259, p 297-325, 1984. 5 Tab, 121 Ref. AU - Cohen, S Z AU - Creeger, S M AU - Carsel, R F AU - Enfield, C G AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticide Programs Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pesticides KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Chemical properties KW - Soil properties KW - Agricultural chemicals KW - Hydrolysis KW - Photolysis KW - Pesticides residues KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18988979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Potential+Pesticide+Contamination+of+Groundwater+from+Agricultural+Uses&rft.au=Cohen%2C+S+Z%3BCreeger%2C+S+M%3BCarsel%2C+R+F%3BEnfield%2C+C+G&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foliar Washoff of Pesticides (FWOP) Model: Development and Evaluation AN - 18987437; 8501441 AB - The Foliar Washoff of Pesticides (FWOP) Model was developed to provide an empirical simulation of pesticide washoff from plant leaf surfaces as influenced by rainfall amount. To evaluate the technique, simulations by the FWOP Model were compared to those by the foliar washoff alogrithm of the Chemical, Runoff and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems (CREAMS) Model. The two algorithms were linked individually to the Pesticide Runoff Simulator (PRS) for the comparison. Five years of test data from a Mississippi watershed were used to evaluate six insecticides (carbaryl, profenofos, methyl parathion, permethrin, phorate, and toxaphene). Initially, the FWOP model was used to evaluate the relative impact of chemical distribution (foliage versus soil) on the subsequent foliar washoff and soil surface contributions to runoff losses. Results indicated that runoff losses were low if all of the insecticide was applied to the foliage whereas high losses occurred if applied only to the soil. When an assumed application was distributed between the plant and soil (i.e., 90% to foliage and 10% to soil), predicted runoff losses compared well with observed field data (< 3% of the application rate). Except for toxaphene, the FWOP model generally predicted less washoff and subsequent runoff losses than the CREAMS approach. Simulated toxaphene washoff losses were in good agreement with observed field data. Statistical comparisons of the two modelling approaches using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed differences in the two cumulative frequency distributions for washoff but smaller differences for runoff. Average 5-year runoff losses, however, were greater using the CREAMS approach--by factors of 2, 3, and 3 for profenofos, methyl parathion and phorate, respectively. Results from this study will be useful for upgrading current exposure assessment models to more accurately address foliar washoff losses of pesticides as well as for assessing the impact of foliar-applied chemicals on environmental quality. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Environmental Sciences and Health Vol. B19, No. 3, p 323-342, 1984. 6 Fig, 5 Tab, 20 Ref. AU - Smith, C N AU - Carsel, R F AD - Environmental Protection Agency Athens, GA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pesticides KW - Foliar washoff KW - Model studies KW - Simulation KW - Leaves KW - Path of pollutants KW - Runoff KW - Carbaryl KW - Profenfos KW - Methyl parathion KW - permethrin KW - Toxaphene KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18987437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Foliar+Washoff+of+Pesticides+%28FWOP%29+Model%3A+Development+and+Evaluation&rft.au=Hoorens%2C+Vera%3BDesrichard%2C+Olivier&rft.aulast=Hoorens&rft.aufirst=Vera&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychologica+Belgica&rft.issn=00332879&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Fate and Toxicity in Wastewater Treatment of Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants AN - 18977532; 8502424 AB - Considerable research has been devoted in recent years to the biodegradation of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), both in wastewater treatment and in receiving waters, and to the toxicity of QACs to microbial populations in wastewater treatment systems. Specific topics covered in this review include the analysis of QACs; toxicity of QACs in wastewater treatment; environmental fate of QACs, including fate in wastewater treatment, and fate in receiving waters. A mass of evidence suggests that QAC concentrations in the soluble phase should be reduced by at least 90% in publicly owned treatment works under normal circumstances. Both sorption and biodegradation contribute to QAC removal, but sorption is more rapid, so that biodegradation is expected to occur mainly on sludge solids. Many QACs will undergo ultimate biodegradation in aerobic biological treatment. Whereas toxicity of QACs would obviously be mitigated by any opportunity for acclimation and by the relatively low concentrations in sewage, anionic surfactants will also play a role in reducing toxicity. Anionic surfactants, which should normally be present in sewage at levels much higher than those of QACs form stoichiometric complexes with QACs, and this reaction by itself may reduce or even eliminate toxicity. Results from recent monitoring studies confirm these predictions. (Baker-IVI) JF - Water Research Vol. 18, No. 9, p 1061-1076, 1984. 2 Fig, 2 Tab, 80 Ref. AU - Boethling, R S AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Toxic Substances Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Biodegradation KW - Quaternary ammonium compounds KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Reviews KW - Environmental effects KW - Water pollution sources KW - Chemical reactions KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18977532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Environmental+Fate+and+Toxicity+in+Wastewater+Treatment+of+Quaternary+Ammonium+Surfactants&rft.au=Boethling%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Boethling&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Chronic Exposure to EPN and to Guthion on the Critical Swimming Speed and Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity of Cyprinodon variegatus AN - 18974973; 8502379 AB - Swimming performance of the estuarine sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus, was measured in a stamina tunnel at the end of life-cycle toxicity tests with the organophosphate pesticides EPN (265 days) and Guthion (219 days). Effects of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition were also determined. These measures were compared to survival, growth and reproduction data obtained in the life-cycle toxicity test. Significant effects on swimming stamina were detected in fish exposed to 2.2 micro g EPN/L (57% that of control fish) and in fish exposed to 4.1 micro g EPN/L (46% of controls). Survival and growth were reduced only in 7.9 micro g EPN/L. Swimming performance was not affected by Guthion concentrations up to 0.5 micro g/L, a concentration affecting reproduction. AChE was significantly inhibited by all tested concentrations of EPN, 0.25 to 7.9 micro g/L, and Guthion, 0.06 to 0.50 micro g/L. Swimming stamina may be an important endpoint to include with measurements of effects on survival, growth and reproduction in chronic toxicity tests with fish, but the relation of AChE inhibition to these endpoints is uncertain. (Author 's abstract) JF - Aquatic Toxicology Vol. 5, No. 3, p 255-266, 1984. 1 Fig, 3 Tab, 27 Ref. AU - Cripe, G M AU - Goodman, L R AU - Hansen, D J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Gulf Breeze, FL. Gulf Breeze Environmental Research Lab Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - EPN KW - Guthion KW - Sheepshead minnow KW - Pesticide toxicity KW - Organophosphorus pesticides KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - Fish behavior KW - Fish physiology KW - Pesticides KW - Water pollution effects KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18974973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Chronic+Exposure+to+EPN+and+to+Guthion+on+the+Critical+Swimming+Speed+and+Brain+Acetylcholinesterase+Activity+of+Cyprinodon+variegatus&rft.au=Cripe%2C+G+M%3BGoodman%2C+L+R%3BHansen%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Cripe&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water Quality Modelling and Water Resources Planning AN - 18969575; 8501426 AB - Several laws aimed at maintaining or improving the quality of the nation 's waters have been promulgated during the past few decades in response to a great surge in public environmental awareness. Water quality modeling can be a very useful tool to managers if applied properly. A mathematical model is a simple analytic representation of the real world. It only incorporates phenomena relevant to the problem at hand, and necessarily cannot include all portions of a real world system. Models are commonly used as links between water quality and the contiguous environment. Such models are constructed for two basic reasons: to improve the understanding of the processes that contribute to water quality variations, and to form a basis for predicting the effects of engineering control devices on water quality. (Baker-IVI) JF - Water Science and Technology Vol. 16, No. 5-7, p 511-519, 1984. 1 Fig, 17 Ref. AU - Richard-Haggard, K AU - Krenkel, P A AD - Environmental Protection Agency San Francisco, CA. Region IX Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water quality control KW - Legislation KW - Model studies KW - Mathematical models KW - Planning KW - Management KW - Water management KW - Water resources development KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18969575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Water+Quality+Modelling+and+Water+Resources+Planning&rft.au=Richard-Haggard%2C+K%3BKrenkel%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Richard-Haggard&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminant Analysis of Fillets from Great Lakes Coho Salmon, 1980 AN - 18967698; 8501358 AB - Analyses of coho salmon from each of the Great Lakes by a single laboratory produced residue data on the accumulation of environmental contaminants which have been banned, severely restricted, or are currently permitted in the basin. Coho salmon from Lake Superior contained only trace amounts or low levels of most toxic substances quantified; Lake Erie fish were contaminated with low levels of number of pesticides and industrial compounds; relatively higher residues were detected in coho from Lake Huron and Lake Michigan; and the highest concentrations for a number of compounds were found in fillets from coho from Lake Ontario. Contaminant concentrations in migratory coho salmon indicate open lake contaminant problems rather than point source or nearshore conditions. Tissue residues were less than USFDA action levels, used by many agencies in assessing the severity of fish contaminant problems. Only mirex concentrations in fish collected from Lake Ontario exceeded a USFDA action level. The data reported in this study generally agree with recent findings from individual state contaminant monitoring programs. Problems with varying analytical and sampling techniques preclude direct comparisons with previously published data of other studies. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research Vol. 10, No. 1, p 38-47, 1984. 1 Fig, 4 Tab, 15 Ref. AU - Clark, J R AU - DeVault, D AU - Bowden, R J AU - Weishaar, JA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Chicago, IL. Great Lakes National Program Office Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Salmon KW - Great Lakes KW - Pollutants KW - Lake Superior KW - Lake Erie KW - Lake Michigan KW - Lake Huron KW - Pesticide residues KW - Mirex KW - Foods KW - Public health KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18967698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Contaminant+Analysis+of+Fillets+from+Great+Lakes+Coho+Salmon%2C+1980&rft.au=Clark%2C+J+R%3BDeVault%2C+D%3BBowden%2C+R+J%3BWeishaar%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Position-specific induction of benzo(a)pyrene metabolism by 3-methylcholanthrene and phenobarbital in mullet (Mugil cephalus ), a marine fish. AN - 14462632; 1372874 AB - Mullet (Mugil cephalus ), a marine fish, were treated with 3-methylcholanthrene and phenobarbital by i.p. injection and the effects on the metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene by isolated liver microsomes were evaluated. The most significant effect found in treated fish was an increase in the oxidation of benzo(a)pyrene at the bay region, a position-specific increase which was not reflected in an increase in the total activity. Comparison of metabolite patterns of the dihydrodiols of benzo(a)pyrene in the presence and absence of trichloropropene oxide showed that predicted inhibitors were observed in control as well as treated animals. No significant differences in metabolite patterns were found between the 3-methylcholanthrene- and phenobarbital-treated fish in either the presence or absence of trichloropropene oxide. JF - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C AU - Schoor, W P AU - Srivastava, M AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 391 EP - 396 VL - 78C IS - 2 SN - 0742-8413, 0742-8413 KW - 3-methylcholanthrene KW - activation KW - benzo(a)pyrene KW - in vitro KW - microsomes KW - phenobarbital KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - metabolism KW - Mugil cephalus KW - Brackish KW - liver KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14462632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Biochemistry+and+Physiology%2C+C&rft.atitle=Position-specific+induction+of+benzo%28a%29pyrene+metabolism+by+3-methylcholanthrene+and+phenobarbital+in+mullet+%28Mugil+cephalus+%29%2C+a+marine+fish.&rft.au=Schoor%2C+W+P%3BSrivastava%2C+M&rft.aulast=Schoor&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=78C&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+Biochemistry+and+Physiology%2C+C&rft.issn=07428413&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metabolism; liver; aromatic hydrocarbons; Mugil cephalus; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and function of copper-stressed aquatic microcosms. AN - 14425461; 1336916 AB - Laboratory aquatic microcosms were established using natural pond sediment and the organisms contained therein. After a 30-day development time, microcosms were exposed on a flow-through basis to 6 concentrations of copper with 6 replicates of each concentration. Measures of energy fixation, material cycling, and biological structure were measured periodically over a 32-wk period. Exposure to copper at 9.3 mu g/l and higher resulted in a change in the structure and function of the test systems while 4.0 mu g/l did not cause an effect relative to controls. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Hedtke, S F AD - U.S. EPA, Monticello Ecol. Res. Stn., P.O. Box 500, Monticello, MN 55362, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 227 EP - 244 VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - copper KW - ecosystem analysis KW - microcosms KW - toxicity tests KW - trophic structure KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - freshwater organisms KW - trophic levels KW - ecosystems KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - pollution effects KW - ponds KW - aquatic organisms KW - ecosystem disturbance KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14425461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Structure+and+function+of+copper-stressed+aquatic+microcosms.&rft.au=Hedtke%2C+S+F&rft.aulast=Hedtke&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ponds; trophic levels; freshwater organisms; aquatic organisms; toxicity; copper; ecosystem disturbance; toxicity tests; ecosystems; pollution effects; trophic structure; ecosystem analysis; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of fenitrothion to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas ) and alternative exposure duration studies with fenitrothion and endosulfan. AN - 14357787; 1192196 AB - The objectives of this study were to determine the toxic effects of fenitrothion to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas ), to investigate effects of short-term exposures of fenitrothion and endosulfan on this species, and to determine if these compounds caused delayed mortality. Fenitrothion significantly reduced survival of fathead minnows at 0.86 and 0.74 mg/L during two 14-day embryo-larvae studies. In the 30-day embryo-larvae study, growth (weight) was not adversely affected at 0.13 mg/L; however significant differences occurred at 0.30 mg/L. Growth differences were more significant than survival. A 96-hr acute value for endosulfan was 1.32 mu g/L which agrees with published values. In this study, no delayed mortality occurred. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Kleiner, C F AU - Anderson, R L AU - Tanner, D K AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 573 EP - 578 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - acute toxicity KW - endosulfan KW - fenitrothion KW - pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - Freshwater KW - Pimephales promelas KW - toxicity KW - mortality KW - growth KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14357787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+fenitrothion+to+fathead+minnows+%28Pimephales+promelas+%29+and+alternative+exposure+duration+studies+with+fenitrothion+and+endosulfan.&rft.au=Kleiner%2C+C+F%3BAnderson%2C+R+L%3BTanner%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Kleiner&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; toxicity; mortality; toxicity tests; growth; endosulfan; Pimephales promelas; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tetrachloro-9H-carbazole, a previously unrecognized contaminant in sediments of the Buffalo River. AN - 14355386; 1170372 AB - Three sediment samples taken from the Buffalo River, New york, have been analyzed for polychlorinated planar molecules similar in structure to the highly toxic 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Although no TCDD was found, residues of chlorinated dibenzofuran, fluorene, biphenylene, phenanthrene (anthracene), naphthalene, and 9H-carbazole were identified. 1,3,6,8-tetrachloro-9H-carbazole was identified as the major chemical of this type in the sediments, and quantified at levels as high as 25 ng/g at one site. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Durhan, E AU - Butterworth, B C AU - Linn, D AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 210 EP - 214 VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - Pisces KW - USA, Buffalo R. KW - tetrachloro-9H-carbazole KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - chemical pollution KW - freshwater fish KW - freshwater pollution KW - sediment pollution KW - pollution effects KW - Freshwater KW - rivers KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q2:09445 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14355386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Tetrachloro-9H-carbazole%2C+a+previously+unrecognized+contaminant+in+sediments+of+the+Buffalo+River.&rft.au=Kuehl%2C+D+W%3BDurhan%2C+E%3BButterworth%2C+B+C%3BLinn%2C+D&rft.aulast=Kuehl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; chemical pollution; freshwater fish; freshwater pollution; sediment pollution; pollution effects; rivers; Pisces; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Some ABCs in addressing risk. AN - 14312439; 1138650 AB - EPA is forging an integrated strategy for assessing and managing risks because the major health and environmental challenges the agency now faces from heightened public concern about toxics issues are more complex and more subtle than those it confronted at its inception in 1971. This article briefly describes these challenges and the risk assessment approaches EPA is developing to address them. JF - EPA Journal AU - Burke, B AD - EPA, Off. Public Aff. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 12 EP - 13 VL - 10 IS - 10 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - public concern KW - EPA KW - risk assessment KW - toxicants KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14312439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Some+ABCs+in+addressing+risk.&rft.au=Burke%2C+B&rft.aulast=Burke&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; risk assessment; public concern; toxicants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The identification and measurement of components in gasoline, kerosene, and no. 2 fuel oil that partition into the aqueous phase after mixing. AN - 14280486; 1100644 AB - Some of the most common spills in waterways involve petroleum products, which are complex mixtures of varying compositions, depending on source and refining procedures. The tendency for components of potential toxicological significance to distribute to the aqueous phase under spill conditions needs to be determined. This paper is devoted to the chemical analysis of the water-soluble fractions (WSF) of gasoline, kerosene, and No. 2 fuel oil, which were added to drinking water and extracted into the aqueous phase under simulated field conditions. Initial aspects of the study dealt with the identification and distribution of the major components to the aqueous phase using pentane extraction and capillary column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for analyses. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Coleman, W E AU - Munch, J W AU - Streicher, R P AU - Ringhand, H P AU - Kopfler, F C AD - U.S. EPA, Health Eff. Res. Lab., Toxicol. and Microbiol. Div., 26 W. St. Clair St., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 171 EP - 178 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - monitoring measurements KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - environmental monitoring KW - chemical analysis KW - fuels KW - toxicology KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14280486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+identification+and+measurement+of+components+in+gasoline%2C+kerosene%2C+and+no.+2+fuel+oil+that+partition+into+the+aqueous+phase+after+mixing.&rft.au=Coleman%2C+W+E%3BMunch%2C+J+W%3BStreicher%2C+R+P%3BRinghand%2C+H+P%3BKopfler%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical analysis; toxicology; fuels; environmental monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controlling the dangers from high-tech pollution. AN - 14276823; 1100718 AB - The air above San Jose is clear, except for occasional smog from the ever present autos; the industries that dominate the area have a long-standing reputation for cleanliness. It is largely due to Silicon Valley's reputation that state and local governments all over the country have been encouraging similar developments within their borders. It has become obvious that the absence of smokestacks does not mean an absence of environmental problems. The industry uses a wide variety of solvents and other organic substances and these have been leaking from underground storage tanks so as to threaten the Valley's drinking water aquifers. This has generated widespread public concern, and resulted in a reassessment of the industry's impacts on the environment. These contamination incidents have also, unfortunately, led some elements of the press and the community to overstated the magnitude of the environmental health problem: "high-tech toxics" make best-selling headlines. JF - EPA Journal AU - Ayres, JE AD - EPA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 14 EP - 15 VL - 10 IS - 10 KW - environmental management KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - public concern KW - EPA KW - technology KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14276823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Controlling+the+dangers+from+high-tech+pollution.&rft.au=Ayres%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Ayres&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; pollution control; public concern; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Helping the public weigh health threats. AN - 14275418; 1100849 AB - This in essence is what EPA Administrator William D. Ruckelshaus said on February 3, 1984, when he opened a press conference to announce actions EPA was taking to protect the people from ethylene dibromide - EDB. It sounded like a rather simple message. At the beginning it was. It was followed, however, by information that was highly technical. It included recommendations for maximum allowable residue levels at specific parts per billion in raw grain, in products made with processed grain such as flour and cake mixes and, finally, in ready-to-eat foods such as bread and cereal. It was so technical that no housewife or store owner or grain elevator operator in the country could have gone to the cupboard, or the shelves, or the grain bin, and figured out what had to be thrown out and what could be kept. JF - EPA Journal AU - Cooper, J S AD - EPA Off. External Aff., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 10 EP - 11 VL - 10 IS - 10 KW - ethylene dibromide KW - foods KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - carcinogens KW - EPA KW - toxicology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14275418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Helping+the+public+weigh+health+threats.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicology; EPA; carcinogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making decisions about risk. AN - 14230948; 1036180 AB - The author would like to discuss the risk management process from the point of view of someone who has sworn to use the legislative authorities at his command to protect public health and the environment from "unreasonable risk" (in the language of TSCA, the Toxics Substances Control Act) and from "unreasonable adverse effect" (in the language of FIFRA, the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act). Furthermore, risk management activity is carefully constrained by the specific legislation applicable to any given circumstance. Although the process will be somewhat different for EPA risk managers who administer other laws, such as the Clean Air Act and Superfund, many of the elements and concepts are common to all risk management decisions. JF - EPA Journal AU - Moore, J AD - EPA Pestic. and Toxic Subst., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 8 EP - 9 VL - 10 IS - 10 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - legislation KW - risk assessment KW - toxicants KW - public health KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14230948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Making+decisions+about+risk.&rft.au=Moore%2C+J&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; risk assessment; public health; legislation; toxicants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ocean dumping in the New York Bight. AN - 14230193; 1037054 AB - Many people believe that the New York Bight is imperiled by the continuation of ocean dumping. The Bight is a large area of the Atlantic Ocean bounded by lines drawn due east from Cape May, New Jersey, and due south from Montuak Point, Long Island. An estimated 95 percent of all United States ocean dumping occurs in this area. The three primary materials currently being dumped in the Bight are sewage sludge, dredged materials, and acid wastes. JF - EPA Journal AU - Lewis, J AD - EPA J., Waterside Mall, 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 14 EP - 15 VL - 10 IS - 9 KW - New York Bight KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ocean dumping KW - dredge spoil KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14230193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Ocean+dumping+in+the+New+York+Bight.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ocean dumping; dredge spoil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global oceans cleanup: A time of transition. AN - 14230093; 1036427 AB - The early 1970s saw the signing of two major environmental treaties: one to prevent pollution from ocean dumping, and the other to counteract tanker discharges and spills. Agreements were also concluded dealing with such matters as tanker safety, and liability and compensation for oil pollution damage. The London Dumping Convention has served in many ways as a model for cooperation among nations in controlling pollution. Now that the novelty of reaching widespread agreement on this matter of global environmental significance has faded, however, the Convention has begun to experience growing pains. Policy makers, scientists, and diplomats from some 54 member nations are now facing the difficult task of making the Convention work. Similar to their experience with U.S. environmental laws, the London Convention nations are beginning to experience the inevitable clashes between laudable environmental objectives and the reality of finding politically and technically acceptable solutions to their waste disposal problems. JF - EPA Journal AU - Sielen, AB AD - EPA Off. Int. Act. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 20 EP - 21 VL - 10 IS - 9 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - oil spills KW - oceans KW - waste disposal KW - environmental protection KW - cleaning process KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14230093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Global+oceans+cleanup%3A+A+time+of+transition.&rft.au=Sielen%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Sielen&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - oceans; cleaning process; environmental protection; oil spills; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strengthening the assessment of risk. AN - 14229662; 1036197 AB - The guidelines define EPA's procedures for assessing risk in the areas of carcinogenecity, mutagenicity, development toxicity, chemical mixtures, and exposure. The proposed guidelines published in November are the first product resulting from implementation of the task force's recommendations. These five guidelines are open for public comment for 60 days, and will be reviewed by the agency's Science Advisory Board (SAB) before being issued late in 1985. The agency intends that they be living documents, and will continually revise them as risk assessment approaches change and as test methods improve. In addition to these five guidelines, work is continuing on guidelines for systemic toxicants (i.e., toxicity to specific organs and organ systems), and on male and female infertility aspects of reproductive toxicity. One of the aims of the guidelines is to promote consistency across EPA risk assessments by developing common approaches to risk assessments. Another aim is to promote quality of the science in EPA risk assessments by: external scientific review of the guidelines; public comment on the guidelines; SAB review of the guidelines, and establishment of the Risk Assessment Forum. The guidelines will: explicitly set out EPA's approach to risk asessments, be general enough to allow appropriate technical judgment, and be used by skilled scientists; they are not cookbook, step-by-step procedures for non-scientists. JF - EPA Journal AU - Goldstein, B D AD - EPA Res. and Dev., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 5 EP - 7 VL - 10 IS - 10 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - reproductive pathology KW - carcinogenesis KW - toxicity KW - risk assessment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14229662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Strengthening+the+assessment+of+risk.&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; risk assessment; toxicity; reproductive pathology; carcinogenesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical detectives at work: EPA's Environmental Response Team. AN - 14223579; 1036184 AB - Dealing with non-routine life-threatening situations is daily routine for the Environmental Response Team - situations like oil spills, pesticide fires, chemical explosions, highway accidents and train derailments involving hazardous shipments, abandoned mines with poison gases coming out of boreholes, abandoned dumps, and chemical facilities with toxic liquids seeping into soil. Since the team was established in 1978, members have assisted at close to 450 responses at Superfund sites. In an accident in which EPA becomes involved, the first line of response is an agency regional office, 10 of which are located strategically throughout the country. Based in these offices are about 80 On-Scene Coordinators, the people in charge of any EPA-managed response. They are the ones who decide whether to summon the services of the ERT. JF - EPA Journal AU - Tejada, S AD - EPA J., Waterside Mall, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 14 EP - 17 VL - 10 IS - 8 KW - Environmental Response Team KW - chemical pollutants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - accidents KW - materials handling KW - oil spills KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14223579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Chemical+detectives+at+work%3A+EPA%27s+Environmental+Response+Team.&rft.au=Tejada%2C+S&rft.aulast=Tejada&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; oil spills; accidents; pollution control; materials handling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Household hazardous waste: Everyone's concern. AN - 14212101; 1035682 AB - In the frantic rush of modern life, the average American family hardly has time to apply advanced scientific reasoning to the disposal of everyday garbage. It is currently estimated that the average American generates about one ton of waste, hazardous and otherwise, every year. If only for rhetorical purposes, therefore, it makes sense to imagine each American house and apartment as a mini-factory devoted to a cottage industry of highly dubious social value: namely, the daily production of several pounds of trash. Mingled in with the eggshells, bones, cardboard, and tinfoil is a veritable pharmacy of chemicals, often dangerous to humans when ingested, touched, or breathed either separately or in combination with other substances. JF - EPA Journal AU - Lewis, J AD - EPA J. Waterside Mall, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 12 EP - 13 VL - 10 IS - 8 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - materials handling KW - refuse collection KW - waste disposal KW - environmental protection KW - domestic wastes KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14212101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Household+hazardous+waste%3A+Everyone%27s+concern.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - domestic wastes; waste disposal; environmental protection; materials handling; refuse collection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cleaning up federal facilities. AN - 14211760; 1036112 AB - The executive branch of the federal government owns 387,396 buildings spread among 27,071 installations, on 729 million acres of land. Many are hospitals, laboratories, manufacturing plants, and other technical installations which generate toxic wastes. If uncontrolled or untreated, these emissions pose the same problems that privately-owned facilities do. JF - EPA Journal AU - Cooper, J S AD - EPA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 22 EP - 23 VL - 10 IS - 8 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste management KW - toxic materials KW - environmental protection KW - pollution control KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14211760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Cleaning+up+federal+facilities.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxic materials; waste management; environmental protection; pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Choices in disposal of hazardous waste. AN - 14211674; 1036139 AB - The discovery of thousands of hazardous waste dumps in recent years has made the public acutely aware of the casual and often illicit ways that many dangerous wastes have traditionally been disposed of Government and the private sector face a complex challenge of immense proportions in finding new and cost effective ways to safely dispose of the tons of hazardous wastes that are generated each year in the United States. This article describes the major problems associated with disposing of many forms of hazardous wastes in land facilities, and several alternative technologies for treating and recovering them that are being examined by EPA. JF - EPA Journal AU - White, D AU - Burke, R AD - Treat. Recycl. and Reduct. Program, EPA, Off. Solid Waste Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 20 EP - 21 VL - 10 IS - 8 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - EPA KW - materials handling KW - economics KW - waste disposal KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14211674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Choices+in+disposal+of+hazardous+waste.&rft.au=White%2C+D%3BBurke%2C+R&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous materials; waste disposal; economics; materials handling; EPA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Putting the hazardous waste issue in perspective. AN - 14203183; 1035736 JF - EPA Journal AU - Ruckleshaus, W D AD - EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 2 EP - 3 VL - 10 IS - 8 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - hazardous materials KW - EPA KW - ecology KW - waste disposal KW - federal regulations KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14203183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EPA+Journal&rft.atitle=Putting+the+hazardous+waste+issue+in+perspective.&rft.au=Ruckleshaus%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Ruckleshaus&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EPA+Journal&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous materials; EPA; ecology; federal regulations; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioactivity in environmental samples: Calibration standards measurement methods, quality assurance, and data analysis. AN - 14161930; 976223 AB - The numerous environmental radioactivity measurements made by and for the U.S. environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) include measurements on samples of water, urine, food, milk, and air filters. Calibration standards are listed which are available in the form of water solutions and soils for a wide range of radionuclides. Method validation procedures for U.S. EPA approval include protocol development and single-laboratory and multiple-laboratory evaluation for precision and accuracy. Interlaboratory comparison studies are conducted for both cross-check and performance evaluation samples and involve 295 federal, state, and local laboratories. For water samples, 80%-90% of the participating laboratories are within the control limits for most of the radionuclides measured; however, some problem areas exist, especially for radium-228 and strontium-89 and -90. For milk and food samples, more than 90% of the laboratories are within control limits for cobalt-60 and cesium-137 but some problems exist for the measurement of strontium-90, iodine-131, and potassium-40. For tritium, 91% of the laboratories are within the control limit for water samples and 87% are within the control limits for the urine samples. The laboratory performance for air filter samples shows some problems for gross beta, strontium-90 and cesium-137 measurements. JF - Environment International AU - Cothern, C R AU - Jarvis, AN AU - Whittaker, EL AU - Battist, L AD - Off. Drinking Water, U.S. E.P.A., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 109 EP - 116 VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - pollution control equipment KW - environmental monitoring KW - radioactivity KW - quality control KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14161930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Radioactivity+in+environmental+samples%3A+Calibration+standards+measurement+methods%2C+quality+assurance%2C+and+data+analysis.&rft.au=Cothern%2C+C+R%3BJarvis%2C+AN%3BWhittaker%2C+EL%3BBattist%2C+L&rft.aulast=Cothern&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issues: Reference materials for environmental measurement. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - radioactivity; quality control; air quality; environmental monitoring; pollution control equipment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improvements in the methodology for measuring hydrochloric acid in combustion source emissions. AN - 14158460; 976397 AB - In sampling gaseous hydrochloric acid in combustion source emissions by the standard method probe there is a potential for error due to interaction of HCl with the filtering medium and/or with particles on the filter. A laboratory study was conducted to examine the interaction of gaseous HCl with glass was conducted to examine the interaction of gaseous HCl with glass and quartz media and with particles from coal-fired and incinerator boilers. Also, some source sampling results obtained by different methods at cement production plants, oil-fired boilers, and a coal-fired boiler were examined. On the basis of both studies, it is recommended that sampling for gaseous HCl in combustion source emissions employ a quartz filter medium, high-velocity sample flow, minimum filter temperature, and minimum sample volume. JF - J. ENVIRON. SCI. HEALTH. PART A. AU - Cheney, J L AU - Fortune, C R AD - Stationary Source Emiss. Res. Branch, Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 337 EP - 350 VL - 19A IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - fly ash KW - combustion KW - emission control KW - sampling methods KW - filters KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14158460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH.+PART+A.&rft.atitle=Improvements+in+the+methodology+for+measuring+hydrochloric+acid+in+combustion+source+emissions.&rft.au=Cheney%2C+J+L%3BFortune%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Cheney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=19A&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH.+PART+A.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - combustion; emission control; fly ash; filters; sampling methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of isopropanol to distinguish H sub(2)SO sub(4) from particulate sulfate on filters. AN - 14156004; 976006 AB - Potential interferences in the anhydrous isopropanol (a-IPA) extraction method for separating sulfuric acid from particulate sulfate on filters were investigated. The method involves separation and recovery of the acid with a-IPA, followed by aqueous extraction of the particulate sulfate. Analysis for sulfate in the two separate fractions was performed by ion chromatography. The solubility of ammonium sulfate in a-IPA was measured and the effects of temperature and moisture content of the solvent on ammonium sulfate solubility were determined. The solvent recovery procedure was used to analyze samples collected at an oil-fired utility boiler. Before analysis, each filter was cut in half and one half of each filter was exposed to an ammonia atmosphere to neutralize any free sulfuric acid. All filter halves were then extracted with a-IPA followed by a separate aqueous extraction by ultrasonication. Neither a small uptake of moisture by the a-IPA nor elevated temperatures up to 30 degree C had a significant effect on the solubility of ammonium sulfate in IPA. Ammonium sulfate was determined to be very highly insoluble in a-IPA and therefore, exposure of samples to any source of ammonia will result in low recoveries of sulfuric acid by the solvent recovery procedure. JF - J. ENVIRON. SCI. HEALTH. PART A. AU - Cheney, J L AD - Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 351 EP - 366 VL - 19A IS - 3 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - chromatography KW - separation processes KW - combustion KW - emission control KW - sulfur oxides KW - materials recovery KW - filters KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14156004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH.+PART+A.&rft.atitle=Use+of+isopropanol+to+distinguish+H+sub%282%29SO+sub%284%29+from+particulate+sulfate+on+filters.&rft.au=Cheney%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cheney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=19A&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH.+PART+A.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - separation processes; materials recovery; chromatography; emission control; combustion; filters; sulfur oxides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chesapeake Bay's underwater forests. AN - 14146353; 959025 AB - Although shellfishes, finfishes, and other inhabitants continue to delight seafood eaters and sportsmen, the future of another important resource, the submerged vegetation, may not prove as bright. Loss of grasses in the bay was first noticed in the 1960s, and populations of all species have fallen drastically since 1965. The precipitous decline of this ecologically valuable resource spurred recent bay-wide investigations into the biology of the vegetation and the reasons for its loss. The author reviews the EPA funded Chesapeake Bay Program and its prime research areas. JF - Sea Frontiers AU - Macalaster, E G AU - Orth, R J AD - U.S. EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 115 EP - 117 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0036-9993, 0036-9993 KW - ANW, Chesapeake Bay KW - EPA KW - USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - marine resources KW - sea grass KW - seagrasses KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - nature conservation KW - conservation KW - aquatic plants KW - Brackish KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14146353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sea+Frontiers&rft.atitle=Chesapeake+Bay%27s+underwater+forests.&rft.au=Macalaster%2C+E+G%3BOrth%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Macalaster&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sea+Frontiers&rft.issn=00369993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nature conservation; sea grass; conservation; aquatic plants; marine resources; seagrasses; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Histopathology and enlargement of the pituitary of a teleost exposed to the herbicide trifluralin. AN - 14118864; 938171 AB - Pituitaries of sheepshead minnows, Cyprinodon variegatus , exposed for 19 months to 1-5 mu g/1 trifluralin in the laboratory exhibited enlargement, pseudocysts, congestion of blood vessels and oedema. Most of the fish with an enlarged pituitary also had induced diffuse and/or focal vertebral hyperostosis and other dysplastic vertebral changes. Several speculative mechanistic paths are suggested for the mode of effect of trifluralin on the vertebral and pituitary tissues. Abnormal enlargement or variation in size of pituitaries from fish of the same age, along with histopathological findings may be related to the environmental quality of the fish's habitat, and provide indications of stress within individuals resulting from toxicant exposure. JF - Journal of fish diseases. Oxford AU - Couch, JA AD - U.S. EPA, Environ, Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 157 EP - 163 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 0140-7775, 0140-7775 KW - trifluralin KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - ISSSN 0140-7775 KW - Pisces KW - freshwater fish KW - herbicides KW - pituitary gland KW - histopathology KW - Cyprinodontidae KW - pollution effects KW - Freshwater KW - toxicants KW - Cyprinodon variegatus KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14118864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+fish+diseases.+Oxford&rft.atitle=Histopathology+and+enlargement+of+the+pituitary+of+a+teleost+exposed+to+the+herbicide+trifluralin.&rft.au=Couch%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+fish+diseases.+Oxford&rft.issn=01407775&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - freshwater fish; herbicides; histopathology; pituitary gland; pollution effects; toxicants; Pisces; Cyprinodontidae; Cyprinodon variegatus; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of microcosms for evaluation of interactions between pollutants and microorganisms. AN - 14114395; 938318 AB - The following aspects of microcosm-related research are considered: The specific advantages that microcosms offer over field studies are discussed. Evaluation of environmental hazard by certain pollutants used in conjunction with mixed-culture (multispecies) and pure-culture (single-species) studies. Screening programs for pollutant fate and effects provided by a routine test system with ecosystem complexity. Mechanisms, kinetics, and controlling variables of microbially mediated processes in complex ecosystem compartments. Microcosm use to determine the environmental relevancy of data produced from simpler laboratory test methods. Specific treatments of a microcosm, judicious integration with mixed-culture studies, and interpretation of results through the use of mathematical model are undertaken. A proper assessment of the interactions between pollutants and microorganisms in aquatic environments must take into account the natural physical integrity of ecosystem components, e.g., sediment-water interfaces and redox gradients. A microcosm is the principal method for maintaining this integrity in the laboratory. Microbial responses to pollutants are tightly coupled to the interplay between microbial communities and higher organisms (e.g., grazers, phytoplankton, fungi). Microcosms provide the best laboratory means of studying these responses. This discussion and citations carry a certain bias in that it reflects the authors' interests in biodegradation and aquatic ecosystems (particularly estuarine). JF - ADV. MICROBIOL. ECOL. AU - Pritchard, PH AU - Bourquin, A W AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 133 EP - 172 VL - 7 KW - ecosystem models KW - microcosms KW - models KW - pollution research KW - reviews KW - use KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - ISBN 0-306-41558-9 KW - estuaries KW - brackishwater pollution KW - Brackish KW - microorganisms KW - K 03099:Pollution KW - J 02901:Soil and plants KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - D 04800:Pollution studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14114395?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ADV.+MICROBIOL.+ECOL.&rft.atitle=The+use+of+microcosms+for+evaluation+of+interactions+between+pollutants+and+microorganisms.&rft.au=Pritchard%2C+PH%3BBourquin%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Pritchard&rft.aufirst=PH&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ADV.+MICROBIOL.+ECOL.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Price: $39.50. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; brackishwater pollution; microorganisms; reviews; pollution research; ecosystem models; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A search for a threshold in the relationship of air pollution to mortality: A reanalysis of data on London winters. AN - 14105624; 934769 AB - The relationship between air pollution and incresed risk of mortality has been explored previously using data on 14 winters in London. The results of these analyses have been used to determine a no-observable effects level. this reanalysis of the data finds no evidence to support the existence of a no-effects level. Further, the reanalysis suggests that the estimated pollution-mortality relationship exists even in nonepisodic winters, when British Smoke readings were less than 500 mu g/m super(3). JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ostro, B AD - Policy Anal., U.S. EPA, PM-220, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 397 EP - 399 VL - 58 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - data analysis KW - United Kingdom KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - mortality KW - risk assessment KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14105624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+search+for+a+threshold+in+the+relationship+of+air+pollution+to+mortality%3A+A+reanalysis+of+data+on+London+winters.&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; mortality; risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cost and benefits of drinking water treatment. AN - 14104306; 933612 AB - As inflationary and regulatory pressures increase and regulated industries and the public question the usefulness of investing in environmental control measures, a need to relate environmental control costs to their benefits is more apparent. This article develops a framework for evaluating the costs and benefits of environmental control and preventive public health practices and asks the policy question: How do we achieve the best mix of protection against infectious disease and toxic chemicals in drinking water? In an attempt to answer this question, the costs and benefits of chlorination and filtration are analyzed retrospectively, and the results of this analysis extended to include a newer technology, granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration. Both a net benefit and cost per life saved approach is used in the analysis. The issue of uncertainty in estimating benefits and the resulting impact on the selection of an optimal strategy is examined. JF - Journal of Environmental Systems AU - Clark, R M AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Ireland, J C AD - U.S. EPA Drinking Water Res. Div., Munic. Environ. Res. Lab., Cincinnati, OH 45269, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 1 EP - 30 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2433, 0047-2433 KW - potable water KW - cost benefit analysis KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - activated carbon KW - filtration KW - public health KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14104306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Systems&rft.atitle=Cost+and+benefits+of+drinking+water+treatment.&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BIreland%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Systems&rft.issn=00472433&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - public health; activated carbon; filtration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Body burden reductions of PCBs, PBBs and chlorinated pesticides in human subjects. AN - 14102459; 932596 AB - With human exposure to environmental contaminants inevitable despite the best application of environmental laws and protection technologies, interest has grown in the potential to reduce the levels of contamination carried in the human host. This study demonstrates the promise of a comprehensive treatment for reduction of body burdens of polychlorinated and polybrominated biphenyls (PCB and PBB) and chlorinated pesticides. Adipose tissue concentrations were determined for seven individuals accidentally exposed to PBB. These patients underwent the detoxification treatment developed by Hubbard to eliminate fat-stored foreign compounds. Of the 16 organohalides examined, 13 were present in lower concentrations at post-treatment sampling. Seven of the 13 reductions were statistically significant; reductions ranged from 3.5 to 47.2 percent, with a mean reduction among the 16 chemicals of 21.3 percent (s.d. 17.1 percent). To determine whether reductions reflected movement to other body compartments or actual burden reduction, a post-treatment follow-up sample was taken four months later. Follow-up analysis showed a reduction in all 16 chemicals averaging 42.4 percent (s.d. 17.1 percent) and ranging from 10.1 to 65.9 percent. Ten of the 16 reductions were statistically significant. Future research stemming from this study should include further investigation of mobilization and excretion of xenobiotics in humans. JF - Ambio. Stockholm AU - Schnare, D W AU - Ben, M AU - Shields, M G AD - US EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 378 EP - 380 VL - 13 IS - 5-6 SN - 0044-7447, 0044-7447 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - PCB compounds KW - tissues KW - statistical analysis KW - PBB compounds KW - pesticides KW - public health KW - H SE5.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14102459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ambio.+Stockholm&rft.atitle=Body+burden+reductions+of+PCBs%2C+PBBs+and+chlorinated+pesticides+in+human+subjects.&rft.au=Schnare%2C+D+W%3BBen%2C+M%3BShields%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Schnare&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=378&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ambio.+Stockholm&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PBB compounds; PCB compounds; statistical analysis; pesticides; public health; tissues; bioaccumulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statewide program in land application. AN - 14101173; 932608 AB - Ohio's attitude has evolved from how to get rid of sludge to how we can best use it as a valuable recycled resource. JF - Biocycle AU - Manson, R J AU - Wideman, K AD - Northwest Dist. Off., Ohio EPA, Bowling Green, OH, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 37 EP - 38 VL - 25 IS - 8 SN - 0276-5055, 0276-5055 KW - Ohio KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - recycling KW - sludge disposal KW - resource management KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - H SE3.25:COMPOSTING, RECYCLING, REUSE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14101173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocycle&rft.atitle=Statewide+program+in+land+application.&rft.au=Manson%2C+R+J%3BWideman%2C+K&rft.aulast=Manson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocycle&rft.issn=02765055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sludge disposal; recycling; resource management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atrophy of diverticular epithelium as an indicator of environmental irritants in the Oyster, Crassostrea virginica . AN - 14083076; 911889 AB - Certain diseases of fishes and shellfishes from coastal populations have been suggested to be related to, caused by or enhanced by pollutant activity. The present study of three northern Gulf Coast estuaries, Pensacola and Escambia Bays in northwest Florida, Mobile Bay, Alabama, and Pascagoula Harbor in Mississippi Sound, Mississippi, was undertaken in August 1978. The specific goals of this prospective study were to: determine and compare relative contamination of select pollutants of specific sites in and among the three estuarine areas; determine frequencies of known or new diseases, including neoplasms, in shellfish (oysters) and fishes at these sites among the estuaries; and to examine critically any relationships between disease freqency and assess the role of pollutant activity in influencing disease prevalences in fish and shellfish populations in coastal regions characterized by varying degrees of human pollutant activity. Results are discussed. JF - RESPONSES OF MARINE ORGANISMS TO POLLUTANTS., 1984, pp. 525-526, Marine environmental research. London AU - Couch, JA AD - US EPA, Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA A2 - Stegeman, JJ (ed) Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 VL - 14 IS - 1-4 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - coastal zones KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Bivalvia KW - Marine KW - organic compounds KW - fish diseases KW - indicator species KW - pollutants KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - pollution effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14083076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RESPONSES+OF+MARINE+ORGANISMS+TO+POLLUTANTS.%2C+1984%2C+pp.+525-526%2C+Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.atitle=Atrophy+of+diverticular+epithelium+as+an+indicator+of+environmental+irritants+in+the+Oyster%2C+Crassostrea+virginica+.&rft.au=Couch%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RESPONSES+OF+MARINE+ORGANISMS+TO+POLLUTANTS.%2C+1984%2C+pp.+525-526%2C+Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Summary only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; fish diseases; pollutants; indicator species; pollution effects; Bivalvia; Crassostrea virginica; ASW, Mexico Gulf; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Linear correlation between photolysis rates and toxicity of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins. AN - 14066618; 880267 AB - Linear correlations have been detected between the photolysis half-lives of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (in n-hexadecane solution) and (a) the LD sub(50) values (of guinea pigs and chick embryo, r = 0.98) and (b) the relative biological potency values (derived from ED sub(50) values, rat hepatoma cell, r = -0.7 to -0.8). These correlations are surprising in view of the wide disparity between a photolysis reaction and a biological end point. It is difficult to avoid considering the possibility of a common or related reactive intermediate in the photolysis reaction and the biologic end point. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Mamantov, A AD - U.S. E.P.A. Off. Pestic. and Toxic Subst., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 808 EP - 810 VL - 18 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - chemical reactions KW - photolysis KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14066618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Linear+correlation+between+photolysis+rates+and+toxicity+of+polychlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxins.&rft.au=Mamantov%2C+A&rft.aulast=Mamantov&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=808&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - photolysis; chemical reactions; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aquatic animals in toxicity testing. AN - 14065281; 887115 AB - Aquatic animals provide useful models for toxicological evaluation that bridge the gap between real world and laboratory problems. Select aquatic organisms are adaptable to laboratory experimentation in areas such as acute toxicity testing and chronic sublethal risks evaluation, including such phenomena as carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, and teratogenesis. General and specific examples of how aquatic animals are useful to toxicologists, as well as theoretical bases for their use, are discussed in this paper. JF - Journal of the American College of Toxicology AU - Couch, JA AU - Hargis, WJ Jr AD - EPA Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 331 EP - 336 VL - 3 IS - 6 SN - 0730-0913, 0730-0913 KW - animals KW - aquatic animals KW - carcinogenicity testing KW - laboratory testing KW - methodology KW - mutagenicity testing KW - reviews KW - risk assessment KW - teratogenesis KW - teratogenicity testing KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - use KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - carcinogens KW - historical account KW - carcinogenesis KW - pollution effects KW - Marine KW - mutagens KW - toxicology KW - Brackish KW - teratogens KW - aquatic organisms KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - Q1 08182:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14065281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Aquatic+animals+in+toxicity+testing.&rft.au=Couch%2C+JA%3BHargis%2C+WJ+Jr&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+College+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=07300913&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - historical account; teratogens; carcinogens; mutagens; aquatic organisms; carcinogenesis; aquatic animals; toxicology; toxicity tests; pollution effects; toxicity testing; animals; reviews; teratogenesis; mutagenicity testing; risk assessment; carcinogenicity testing; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of sampling temperature, filter material, and sample treatment on combustion source emission test results. AN - 14062534; 880256 AB - Samplers that simultaneously measure particulate, H sub(2)SO sub(4), and SO sub(2) emissions were evaluated at two coal-fired power plants to determine how the following parameters affected the sampling results: probe and filter temperature filter type and position, and sample treatment (desiccation, 2-propanol extraction, and oven heating). It was found that the higher the probe and filter temperature, the lower the particulate measurement and the higher the H sub(2)SO sub(4) measurement. It was alos found that borosilicate glass-fiber filter thimbles are not suitable for these sources because they retain H sub(2)SO sub(4). In-stack samplers with Alundum thimbles gave particulate and H sub(2)SO sub(4) results equivalent to out-of-stack filter samplers (operated at 160 degree C) at the plant equipped with only an ESP but not at the one that followed its ESP with an SO sub(2) scrubber. Oven heating and extraction with 2-propanol were not always effective in removing H sub(2)SO sub(4) collected with the particuate. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Mitchell, W J AU - Bruffey, CL AD - Qual. Assur. Div., Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. E.P.A., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 803 EP - 808 VL - 18 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - emissions KW - coal KW - power plants KW - combustion KW - filters KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14062534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+sampling+temperature%2C+filter+material%2C+and+sample+treatment+on+combustion+source+emission+test+results.&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+W+J%3BBruffey%2C+CL&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - filters; emissions; combustion; coal; power plants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation safety program at the National Institutes of Health. AN - 14062136; 879959 AB - Radiation protection and waste management at the National Institutes of Health are provided by the Division of Safety through the Radiation Safety Branch. The Radiation Safety Branch administers a comprehensive radiation safety program covering some 2000 radionuclide laboratories and over 4500 users of radiation sources under licenses issued by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Radiation-exposure monitoring, laboratory inspections, waste management, training, consulting, and environmental monitoring are part of the radiation safety program that has maintained personnel radiation exposures well below the NRC's regulatory radiation limits and within the context of the NRC's as-low-as-reasonably-achievable concept. JF - Nuclear Safety AU - Holcomb, W F AU - Augustine, R J AU - Zoon, R A AU - Austin, JHM AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 676 EP - 687 VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 0029-5604, 0029-5604 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - environmental monitoring KW - radioactive wastes KW - government programs KW - pollution control KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14062136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Safety&rft.atitle=Radiation+safety+program+at+the+National+Institutes+of+Health.&rft.au=Holcomb%2C+W+F%3BAugustine%2C+R+J%3BZoon%2C+R+A%3BAustin%2C+JHM&rft.aulast=Holcomb&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nuclear+Safety&rft.issn=00295604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - radioactive wastes; environmental monitoring; pollution control; government programs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Policy-making and the role of simplified models: An air quality planning example. AN - 14055288; 878204 AB - Work with air quality planners in Denver, CO shows that simplified models can play an important role in redressing many of these problems. Designing the simplified model to be a model of the complex models was found to be important to make the results of the simplified model acceptable in the planning process. The simplified model developed for Denver was inexpensive to run and could easily be altered to test a variety of future conditions and planning strategies. The simplified model was shown to be an aid to decision-making in several ways: by providing planners with the capability to achieve a broader understanding of the relevant issues; by helping planners to address issues that the complex models could not; and by augmenting the capabilities of the complex models. This case shows that the combined use of complex and simplified models offers the opportunity for an overall improvement in policy analysis. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Dennis, R L AU - Downton, M W AU - Middleton, P AD - Meteorol. Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 1 EP - 30 VL - 25 IS - 1-3 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - models KW - air quality KW - urban planning KW - planning KW - air pollution KW - ecology KW - mathematical models KW - pollution control KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - D 04800:Pollution studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14055288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Policy-making+and+the+role+of+simplified+models%3A+An+air+quality+planning+example.&rft.au=Dennis%2C+R+L%3BDownton%2C+M+W%3BMiddleton%2C+P&rft.aulast=Dennis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air quality; urban planning; pollution control; mathematical models; ecology; air pollution; planning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Significance of residence time relevant to hazardous waste incineration. AN - 14053060; 880853 AB - A discussion of residence time importance to completeness of hazardous compound destruction is presented. Laboratory systems which have accurately calculated residence time distributions are compared to pilot scale and full scale hazardous waste incinerators. Differences in existing regulations is pointed out regarding the prescription approach vs output only approach. A case is presented for continued research into a residence time measurement technique. JF - HAZARDOUS WASTE. AU - Carnes, R A AD - U.S. EPA Combus. Res. Fac., Jefferson, Ark. 72079, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 593 EP - 597 VL - 1 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste treatment KW - government regulations KW - hazardous materials KW - incineration KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14053060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HAZARDOUS+WASTE.&rft.atitle=Significance+of+residence+time+relevant+to+hazardous+waste+incineration.&rft.au=Carnes%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Carnes&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HAZARDOUS+WASTE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - incineration; hazardous materials; government regulations; waste treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composition and origins of aerosol at a forested mountain in Soviet Georgia. AN - 14052963; 880204 AB - Ambient aerosol particles were collected by means of dichotomous samplers during July 1979 at Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory, which is in a forested area of Georgia, U.S.S.R. Samples were analyzed for mass, elemental, crystalline, and ionic species concentrations and for size and composition of individual particles. Minerals were the most abundant species in particles having diameters above 2.5 mu m. Manganese-rich spheres having 0.5 - 1.5- mu m diameters were observed and attributed to a manganese smelter located 45 km north of the sampling site. In particles smaller than 2.5- mu m diameter, ammonium sulfate accounted for 50% of the mass. Over 90% of the particulate sulfur was attributed to anthropogenic sources. The ratio of particulate to gaseous sulfur was 32 plus or minus 6, which indicates a well-aged aerosol. Factor analysis and isentropic air parcel trajectories were used to identify the possible contributions from distant sources. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Dzubay, T G AU - Stevens, R K AU - Haagenson, P L AD - Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 873 EP - 882 VL - 18 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - sulfur KW - aerosols KW - particles KW - USSR KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14052963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Composition+and+origins+of+aerosol+at+a+forested+mountain+in+Soviet+Georgia.&rft.au=Dzubay%2C+T+G%3BStevens%2C+R+K%3BHaagenson%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Dzubay&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=873&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USSR; aerosols; particles; sulfur; air quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Siting and the politics of equity. AN - 14050296; 880790 AB - Pressures to clean up abandoned dumpsites and manage new wastes better are intensifying: from the Congress, nearly every state's legislature, and the citizenry as a whole. These actions all require siting of new facilities, however, if they are to succeed. This siting dilemma can be resolved through implementation of an overall waste management strategy based on the politics of equity. The reasons for local resistance need to be understood, so that they can be confronted. An effective balance of federal, state, and local siting authority; a focus on treatment rather than continued dumping on the land; an emphasis on onsite rather than offsite waste treatment; an acceptance of the need for fair patterns of compensation negotiated with the local communities selected; simultaneous siting of numerous new facilities in accordance with regional needs and with local patterns of equity; and a firm commitment to reestablish the integrity and credibility of both government and industry. JF - HAZARDOUS WASTE. AU - Morell, D AD - U.S. E.P.A, 215 Fremont St., San Francisco, CA 94105, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 555 EP - 571 VL - 1 IS - 4 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - government regulations KW - hazardous materials KW - waste management KW - environmental protection KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14050296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HAZARDOUS+WASTE.&rft.atitle=Siting+and+the+politics+of+equity.&rft.au=Morell%2C+D&rft.aulast=Morell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=555&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HAZARDOUS+WASTE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - waste management; hazardous materials; government regulations; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytotoxicity of chemical carcinogens towards human bronchial epithelial cells evaluated in a clonal assay. AN - 14017647; 845758 AB - Survival of human bronchial epithelial cells after administration of four chemical carcinogens was measured in a clonal assay. Human bronchial epithelial cells were obtained from outgrowths of explanted tissue pieces. Serum-free medium was used for both explant culture and clonal growth. The clonal assay could be performed on three substrata: plastic dishes alone, protein-coated dishes, and inactivated Swiss 3T3 cells. Several other cell lines supported clonal growth of the human cells. Fetal bovine serum was inhibitory to colony formation on plastic and protein-coated dishes, but had no effect on the growth of bronchial cells on 3T3 feeder cells. Little variation among individuals in cytotoxicity of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and K sub(2)CrO sub(4), a possible human lung carcinogen, was observed, but in the case of benzo (a)pyrene (BP) and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), large variations in survival were found between cultures derived from different individuals. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Siegfried, J M AU - Nesnow, S AD - Environ. Health Res. Test., Inc., US E.P.A., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 1317 EP - 1322 VL - 5 IS - 10 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine KW - benzo(a)pyrene KW - 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene KW - potassium chromate(VI) KW - epithelium KW - bronchus KW - man KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - bioassays KW - cytotoxicity KW - toxicity KW - carcinogenesis KW - cytology KW - X 24200:Nitrosamines & related compounds KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14017647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Cytotoxicity+of+chemical+carcinogens+towards+human+bronchial+epithelial+cells+evaluated+in+a+clonal+assay.&rft.au=Siegfried%2C+J+M%3BNesnow%2C+S&rft.aulast=Siegfried&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cytotoxicity; carcinogenesis; cytology; toxicity; bioassays; epithelium; bronchus; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional and biochemical indicators of pneumoconiosis in mice: Comparison with rats. AN - 14010238; 833326 AB - Mice were injected intratracheally with silica or Mt. St. Helens volcanic ash and examined 6 mo later for changes in pulmonary function, histology, and hydroxyproline content. Results were compared with a similar study using rats. Mice injected with volcanic ash showed significant changes only in wet lung weights. Those injected with silica showed an approximate doubling of lung wet weight and dry weight and hydroxyproline content. Larger increases in lung weight were seen if lymph nodes were left attached. Lung compliance, total lung capacity, and the shape of the pressure-volume curve of the lung were changed as much as 22% in the silica-treated mice. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Hatch, GE AU - Raub, JA AU - Graham, JA AD - Toxicology Branch, MD-82, Inhal. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 487 EP - 497 VL - 13 IS - 4-6 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - mice KW - ash KW - bioindicators KW - rats KW - pneumoconiosis KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14010238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Functional+and+biochemical+indicators+of+pneumoconiosis+in+mice%3A+Comparison+with+rats.&rft.au=Hatch%2C+GE%3BRaub%2C+JA%3BGraham%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Hatch&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4-6&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioindicators; pneumoconiosis; mice; rats; ash ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air quality data analysis system for interrelating effects, standards, and needed source reductions: Part 8. An effective mean O sub(3) crop reduction mathematical model. AN - 14004399; 832881 AB - A plant injury mathematical model, applied previously to acute and chronic leaf injury data, is used here to model National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) data for 15 cultivars and to calculate species parameters from the cultivar analyses. Crop yield reductions for seven plant species are estimated with similar equations for each of the 1824 site-years of 1981-1983 hourly O sub(3) concentration data available in the National Aerometric Data Bank (NADB). Country-average effective mean O sub(3) concentrations are indicated by shading on a U.S. map. State-average O sub(3) parameters and estimated percent crop yield reductions are tabulated. The National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for O sub(3) specifies that, on the average, the second highest daily maximum 1-h average O sub(3) concentration in a year shall not exceed 0.12 ppm. For years 1981-1983, 71% of the NADB sites recorded annual second highest daily maximum 1-h average O sub(3) concentrations below 0.125 ppm. Ambient O sub(3) concentrations reduced thte total U.S. crop yield an estimated 5% for years 1981-1983. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Larsen, R I AU - Heck, W W AD - Environ. Oper. Branch, Meteorol. and Assess. Div., Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 1023 EP - 1034 VL - 34 IS - 10 KW - NCLAN (National Crop Loss Assessment Network) KW - agriculture KW - air quality KW - crops KW - mathematical models KW - statistical analysis KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14004399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Air+quality+data+analysis+system+for+interrelating+effects%2C+standards%2C+and+needed+source+reductions%3A+Part+8.+An+effective+mean+O+sub%283%29+crop+reduction+mathematical+model.&rft.au=Larsen%2C+R+I%3BHeck%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - crops; air quality; mathematical models; statistical analysis; agriculture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sampling the oceans for pollution. EPA research strategy for marine waste disposal. AN - 14003835; 826912 AB - EPA has a major commitment to marine pollution research. This includes studies of organic analytical chemistry, genetic toxicology, bioassay, microcosm ecology, histopathology, marine ecology, and engineering sewage treatment for marine discharge. Development and verification of environmental assessment methods peculiar to specific industries that discharge various wastes into marine waters either directly or through municipal sewage outfalls has been going on since the 1950's and must continue as new industrial processes are invented. EPA intends to develop useful, scientifically credible methods to predict or assess the effects of wastes dumped or piped anywhere into the marine environment. JF - Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials Report AU - Prager, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Environ. Proc. Effects Res., Narragansett Environ. Res. Lab., South Ferry Rd., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 2 EP - 8 VL - 4 IS - 5 SN - 0270-3777, 0270-3777 KW - government policy KW - wastewater discharges KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - marine pollution KW - environmental protection KW - ocean dumping KW - industrial wastes KW - USA KW - outfalls KW - pollution control KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q2:09441 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14003835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dangerous+Properties+of+Industrial+Materials+Report&rft.atitle=Sampling+the+oceans+for+pollution.+EPA+research+strategy+for+marine+waste+disposal.&rft.au=Prager%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Prager&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Dangerous+Properties+of+Industrial+Materials+Report&rft.issn=02703777&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; ocean dumping; marine pollution; outfalls; environmental protection; pollution control; wastewater discharges; USA; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical regulations for municipal sludge. AN - 14002427; 832617 AB - In 1982, the U.S. Environmental protection Agency established a Sludge Task Force which was responsible for: 1) Assessing the magnitude and management approaches to municipal sludge reuse and disposal nationwide; 2) Evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of past regulatory activities; and 3) Identifying data and informational needs in order to direct EPA research in the field. The establishment of the Task Force was a result of the recognition that the authorities and regulations related to municipal sludge were fragmented and were not providing states and municipalities with adequate guidelines on which to base sludge management decisions. It was thus mandated to develop a comprehensive work plan which would: (1) delineate a framework for improving the Agency's regulatory program and (2) identify the entities within EPA responsible for implementing a sludge regulatory program. JF - Biocycle AU - Lomnitz, ED AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Water Reg. Stand., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 46 EP - 47 VL - 25 IS - 7 SN - 0276-5055, 0276-5055 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - sludge treatment KW - recycling KW - EPA KW - municipal wastes KW - federal regulations KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - H SE3.25:COMPOSTING, RECYCLING, REUSE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14002427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocycle&rft.atitle=Technical+regulations+for+municipal+sludge.&rft.au=Lomnitz%2C+ED&rft.aulast=Lomnitz&rft.aufirst=ED&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocycle&rft.issn=02765055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; federal regulations; sludge treatment; municipal wastes; recycling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of the affected community in superfund cleanup activities. AN - 14001761; 832646 AB - The superfund program is at once both one of the most visible and one of the least understood of all environmental programs administered by the federal government. Despite the near universal recognition Superfund enjoys, especially among people living near priority hazardous sites, there is a broad misconception about its accomplishments. Through an aggressive community relations program, EPA is working to involve affected citizens in the cleanup decision-making process at every Superfund site. EPA is committed to a substantive community role. This article reviews EPA's Superfund community relations policy and provides information on the program's accomplishments toward cleaning up America's hazardous sites. JF - HAZARDOUS WASTE. AU - Ruckelshaus, W D AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 283 EP - 288 VL - 1 IS - 3 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - federal programs KW - cleaning process KW - hazardous materials KW - Superfund KW - waste disposal KW - disposal sites KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14001761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HAZARDOUS+WASTE.&rft.atitle=Role+of+the+affected+community+in+superfund+cleanup+activities.&rft.au=Ruckelshaus%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Ruckelshaus&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HAZARDOUS+WASTE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Public policy issue. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Superfund; cleaning process; hazardous materials; disposal sites; federal programs; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ambient monitoring of airborne radioactivity near a former thorium processing plant. AN - 13998217; 832916 AB - Twenty-four hour sampling for airborne radioactivity near a former thorium and rare-earth extraction facility was conducted for approx. 2 months with high-volume and dichotomous air samplers. Thoron ( super(220)Rn) daughters were identified in the air and confirmed to be originating from the waste storge site. Simultaneous measurements with dichotomous samplers at the same sites measured average super(212)Pb concentrations on coarse particulates of 14, 4 and 10 pCi/m super(3) and on fine particulates of 94, 9 and 214 pCi/m super(3), respectively. JF - Health Physics AU - Jensen, L AU - Regan, G AU - Goranson, S AU - Bolka, B AD - U.S. EPA, Chicago, IL 60604, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 1021 EP - 1023 VL - 46 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - radioactivity KW - thorium KW - nuclear power plants KW - monitoring methods KW - air sampling KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - H SI4.21:NUCLEAR POWER STATION SAFETY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13998217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Ambient+monitoring+of+airborne+radioactivity+near+a+former+thorium+processing+plant.&rft.au=Jensen%2C+L%3BRegan%2C+G%3BGoranson%2C+S%3BBolka%2C+B&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1021&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - radioactivity; air sampling; thorium; monitoring methods; nuclear power plants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of sewage sludge to Rhepoxynius abronius , a marine benthic amphipod. AN - 13970221; 804537 AB - Relative toxicity of sewage sludges from six treatment plants was determined by the LC50 of sludge-sediment mixtures to the infaunal marine amphipod, Rhepoxynius abronius . LC50s were measured as the increase in the percent total volatile solids (TVS) of the mixture due to the addition of sludge required to kill 50% of the amphipods during a 10-day exposure. Integrative measures of contamination (oil/grease concentration; consensus ranking of contamination based on 15 parameters) were significantly correlated with R. abronius survival indicating that the more toxic sludges had a higher overall level of contamination. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Swartz, R C AU - Schults, D W AU - Ditsworth, G R AU - DeBen, WA AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., Mar. Div., Mar. Sci. Cent., Newport, OR 97365, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 207 EP - 216 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - chemical pollutants KW - industrial pollution KW - sewage sludge KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - sewage KW - Rhepoxynius abronius KW - industrial wastes KW - toxicity KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13970221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+sewage+sludge+to+Rhepoxynius+abronius+%2C+a+marine+benthic+amphipod.&rft.au=Swartz%2C+R+C%3BSchults%2C+D+W%3BDitsworth%2C+G+R%3BDeBen%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Swartz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; chemical pollutants; toxicity; sewage; toxicity tests; sewage sludge; industrial pollution; Rhepoxynius abronius; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a 24-hour method for analysis of SO sub(2) and CO sub(2) from electric utility units equipped with flue gas desulfurization scrubbers. AN - 13966182; 797651 AB - A procedure was developed for the 24-h determination of SO sub(2) and CO sub(2) in effluent gas from fossil fuel combustion sources. Labortory experiments were conducted to test absorption of SO sub(2) in hydrogen peroxide solution and absorption of CO sub(2) by sodium hydroxide on an inert substrate at expected ambient temperatures of 15 to 45 degree C. Isopropyl alcohol cannot be used to trap sulfuric acid and particulates because it permeates the sampling train and prevents complete absorption of CO sub(2). Elemental analysis of stack particulates revealed that at least 31 elements were present. Iron and other elements interfered with SO sub(2) analysis. These particulates were completely removed by a heated borosilicate glass filter. Both laboratory and field experiments showed that molecular sieves are a promising alternative for CO sub(2) absorption. Statistical evaluation of data collected at three units equipped with flue gas desulfurization scrubbers proved that the new procedure is accurate and precise. JF - J. AIR. POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Butler, F E AU - Knoll, JE AU - Midgett, M R AD - Environ. Monit. Sys. Lab., US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 936 EP - 940 VL - 34 IS - 9 KW - electric power plants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - scrubbers KW - absorption KW - sulfur dioxide KW - flue gas desulfurization KW - carbon dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13966182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR.+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+24-hour+method+for+analysis+of+SO+sub%282%29+and+CO+sub%282%29+from+electric+utility+units+equipped+with+flue+gas+desulfurization+scrubbers.&rft.au=Butler%2C+F+E%3BKnoll%2C+JE%3BMidgett%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=936&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR.+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - flue gas desulfurization; carbon dioxide; scrubbers; sulfur dioxide; absorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution damage to exterior household paints. AN - 13965455; 797658 AB - Two types of white exterior household paints - latex and oil base - were exposed for periods of up to 30 months at nine air monitoring sites in the St. Louis, Missouri area. Climatic and air quality data were recorded during the exposure period and were subjected to a rigorous evaluation to eliminate recording errors and to estimate missing values, Deterioration of the paints was measured during the exposure period by determining the rate of surface erosion. The latex paint had the highest erosion rate. Erosion rates of both paints were higher for southern exposures than for northern exposures indicating an effect of sunlight. The rate data were evaluated with respect to the possible effects of time-of-wetness, wind speed, temperature, and levels of total gaseous sulfur compounds, total gaseous oxides of nitrogen, and oxidants. Regression analysis indicated that of the ambient gaseous pollutants only oxides of nitrogen correlated significantly with erosion of the latex paint. The erosion of both paint films strongly correlated with the time of surface wetness. A possible effect of ozone on the latex paint was masked by strong covariances between ozone and temperature and between ozone and oxides of nitrogen. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Haynie, F H AU - Spence, J W AD - Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 941 EP - 944 VL - 34 IS - 9 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - data collection KW - erosion KW - statistical analysis KW - paints KW - air pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13965455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+damage+to+exterior+household+paints.&rft.au=Haynie%2C+F+H%3BSpence%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Haynie&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; erosion; paints; data collection; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the rotary kiln incinerator system at the U.S. EPA combustion research facility (CRF). AN - 13963879; 798381 AB - In order to bridge the gap from laboratory scale incineration studies and those in full scale technology, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency concluded that a dedicated and fully characterized pilot scale incinerator was required. The outcome of this decision was the USEPA Combustion Research Facility (CRF) located in Jefferson, Arkansas. This paper is a description of that facility and, more specifically, of the incineration technology presently available there and of the supporting laboratories. JF - HAZARDOUS WASTE. AU - Carnes, R A AU - Whitmore, F C AD - U.S. EPA Combust. Res. Facil., Jefferson, AR 72079, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 225 EP - 236 VL - 1 IS - 2 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - technology KW - laboratory testing KW - combustion KW - incinerators KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13963879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HAZARDOUS+WASTE.&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+rotary+kiln+incinerator+system+at+the+U.S.+EPA+combustion+research+facility+%28CRF%29.&rft.au=Carnes%2C+R+A%3BWhitmore%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Carnes&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HAZARDOUS+WASTE.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - incinerators; combustion; technology; laboratory testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic pollutant sorption in aquatic systems. AN - 13961320; 797891 AB - An understanding of sorption processes is an important key to describing pollutant fate in an aquatic system because sorption may alter significantly physical transport and chemical reactivity of pollutants. The sorption of uncharged organic chemicals to natural aquatic sorbents is dominated by "hydrophobic interactions." For composite particulates, or ganic matter is the primary sorbing constituent. Sorption partition coefficients, indexed to organic carbon (K sub(a)), are relatively invariant for natural sorbents. K sub( alpha )'s can be estimated from other physical properties of pollutants. Hydrophilic contributions to sorption tend to occur with one or both of the following conditions: (1) High sorbate polarity; and (2) low organic carbon content of the sorbent, especially with coincident high clay content. JF - J. HYDRAUL. DIV. AM. SOC. CIV. ENG. AU - Karickhoff, S W AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., College Station Road, Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 707 EP - 735 VL - 110 IS - 6 KW - aquatic environments KW - fate KW - pollutant dispersion KW - pollutants KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - sorption KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - particulates KW - chemical reactions KW - pollution dispersion KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q2:09445 KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13961320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+HYDRAUL.+DIV.+AM.+SOC.+CIV.+ENG.&rft.atitle=Organic+pollutant+sorption+in+aquatic+systems.&rft.au=Karickhoff%2C+S+W&rft.aulast=Karickhoff&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=707&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+HYDRAUL.+DIV.+AM.+SOC.+CIV.+ENG.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sorption; chemical reactions; pollutants; pollution dispersion; fate; particulates; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using the HP-41CV calculator as a data acquisition system for personal carbon monoxide exposure monitors. AN - 13960128; 797885 AB - The use of small, personal monitors as instruments for air pollution data acquisition, storage, and retrival presents a new set of monitoring considerations. Portability. ruggedness, power supplies, and data capture are functions to be addressed in designing personal monitoring systems. The emphasis herein is on the data capture function. This paper describes experiences using the Hewlett-Packard HP-41CV system as a data management system interfaced with personal carbon monoxide monitors (General Electric Carbon Monoxide Detector, Model 15EC53CO3). In general, the HP-41CV proved to be reliable, adaptable and easy to use. Problems with the monitor power source (battery failure) were more frequent than with the HP-41CV itself. Using the HP-41CV for the specific data collection requirements of the Washington Microenvironment Study is a focal point of this presentation. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Fitz-Simons, T AU - Sauls, H B AD - Environ Mount. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 954 EP - 956 VL - 34 IS - 9 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - data collection KW - carbon monoxide KW - information systems KW - monitoring instruments KW - air pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13960128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Using+the+HP-41CV+calculator+as+a+data+acquisition+system+for+personal+carbon+monoxide+exposure+monitors.&rft.au=Fitz-Simons%2C+T%3BSauls%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Fitz-Simons&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=954&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon monoxide; information systems; monitoring instruments; data collection; air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of microbial community interactions on transformation rates of xenobiotic chemicals. AN - 13953290; 796036 AB - The effects of culture filtrates, mixed populations, and common microbial exudates on bacterial transformations of three agricultural and industrial chemicals were investigated. Test chemicals included methyl parathion, diethyl phthalate, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid butoxyethyl ester. The presence of various cultures, filtrates, or exudates of algae, fungi, or other bacteria either stimulated or inhibited bacterial transformation rates. Inhibition resulted from treatments that lowered the pH, and stimulation resulted from an increase in cell biomass (based on plate counts) and from a different process whereby rates of transformation per bacterial cell rapidly increased as much as 10-fold. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Lewis, D L AU - Hodson, R E AU - Freeman, LF III AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 561 EP - 565 VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid KW - aquatic microorganisms KW - bacteria KW - biodegradation KW - chemical pollutants KW - diethyl phthalate KW - exudates KW - inhibition KW - microorganisms KW - parathion-methyl KW - pollution control KW - xenobiotics KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - J 02905:Water KW - W 30530:Environment and pollution KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13953290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+microbial+community+interactions+on+transformation+rates+of+xenobiotic+chemicals.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+D+L%3BHodson%2C+R+E%3BFreeman%2C+LF+III&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=561&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollutants; biodegradation; bacteria; pollution control; microorganisms; aquatic microorganisms; xenobiotics; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Teratogenic evaluation and fetal deposition of hexabromobenzene (HBB) and hexafluorobenzene (HFB) in CD-1 mice. AN - 13950330; 792600 AB - HBB (hexabromobenzene) and HFB (hexafluorobenzene) were tested for their teratogenic potential in CD-1-mice. HBB and HFB were administered to pregnant mice from the 6th to the 16th day of gestation by gastric intubation. Neither HBB nor HFB were teratogenic or fetotoxic at doses up to 98.6 mg HBB/kg and 65.3 mg HFB/kg. No maternal toxicity was noted. HBB concentration in the fetuses indicated little, if any, accumulation. No HFB was detected in the fetal or maternal tissues 24 hours after the last dose. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes AU - Courtney, K D AU - Andrews, JE AD - Toxicol. Branch, Inhal. Toxicol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 83 EP - 94 VL - 19B IS - 1 SN - 0360-1234, 0360-1234 KW - dose response effects KW - hexabromobenzene KW - hexafluorobenzene KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - teratogenesis KW - teratogenicity KW - tissues KW - H SM5.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13950330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.atitle=Teratogenic+evaluation+and+fetal+deposition+of+hexabromobenzene+%28HBB%29+and+hexafluorobenzene+%28HFB%29+in+CD-1+mice.&rft.au=Courtney%2C+K+D%3BAndrews%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Courtney&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=19B&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.issn=03601234&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - teratogenesis; mice; tissues; teratogenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pretreatment of industrial wastewaters. AN - 13944424; 784108 AB - To protect sewage treatment plants and the nation's waters, the U.S. Congress instituted a National Pretreatment Program. This program is administered by the Environmental Protection Agency. The pretreatment concept foresees industry treating its wastewaters, producing less harmful discharges to the municipal sewer systems. The objectives of the National Pretreatment Program are: 1) To protect municipal treatment systems from interference caused by industrial waste, 2) To protect the nation's waters from industrial pollutants that pass through the treatment works, 3) To ensure against improper disposal of hazardous materials resulting from indiscriminate dumping into sewers, and 4) To provide for the beneficial usage of POTW sludges by preventing excessive contamination by industrial polution. JF - WATER POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. PA MAG. AU - D'Angelo, B AD - U.S. EPA, Reg. III, Philadelphia, PA, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 12 EP - 17 VL - 27 IS - 4 KW - hazardous materials handling KW - federal programs KW - government programs KW - hazardous materials KW - sewage disposal KW - sewage treatment plants KW - sewers KW - wastewater discharges KW - Mechanical Engineering Abstracts (ISMEC); Pollution Abstracts KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13944424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.+PA+MAG.&rft.atitle=Pretreatment+of+industrial+wastewaters.&rft.au=D%27Angelo%2C+B&rft.aulast=D%27Angelo&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.+PA+MAG.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sewage treatment plants; wastewater discharges; sewers; hazardous materials; federal programs; government programs; sewage disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toluene blood level following subcutaneous injection of toluene in the rat. AN - 13912186; 753775 AB - A model of toluene level in blood following subcutaneous injection of toluene mixed with polyoxyethylated-vegetable-oil vehicle was developed. The purpose was to provide a means of predicting dose received for subsequent toxicologic studies for any time and dose combination. The pharmacokinetics were of secondary interest. Using data from 111 rats, a four-parameter equation was devised to predict the time course of toluene blood level from 20-480 min post dosing, for dose levels of 50-1000 mg/kg. Blood concentrations rose at a rate which was independent of dose level. Maximum blood levels were uniquely determined by dose level. Blood levels fell at different rates depending upon dose level. Injection exposure, when compared to inhalation, has the advantages of (a) low expense, (b) low equipment requirements, and (c) simplicity. The disadvantage is, for some experiments, poor temporal simulation of the normal route of administration, inhalation. JF - Environmental Research AU - Benignus, V A AU - Muller, KE AU - Barton, C N AU - Bittikofer, JA AD - U.S. EPA, Neurotoxicol. Div., Univ. North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 441 EP - 453 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - toluene KW - rats KW - blood analysis KW - dose response effects KW - disposition KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicology KW - blood KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13912186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Toluene+blood+level+following+subcutaneous+injection+of+toluene+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Benignus%2C+V+A%3BMuller%2C+KE%3BBarton%2C+C+N%3BBittikofer%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Benignus&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toluene; rats; blood analysis; toxicology; blood; disposition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foliar Washoff of Pesticides (FWOP) Model: Development and evaluation. AN - 13888487; 750523 AB - The Foliar Washoff of Pesticides (FWOP) Model was developed to provide an empirical simulation of pesticide washoff from plant leaf surfaces as influenced by rainfall amount. To evaluate the technique, simulations by the FWOP Model were compared to those by the foliar washoff algorithm of the Chemical, Runoff and Runoff and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems (CREAMS) Model. The two algorithms were linked individually to the Pesticide Runoff Simulator (PRS) for the comparison. Five years of test data from Mississippi watershed were used to evaluate six insecticides (carbaryl, profenofos, methyl parathion, permethrin, phorate, and toxaphene). Initially, the FWOP model was used to evaluate the relative impact of chemical distribution on the subsequent foliar washoff and soil surface contributions to runoff losses. Results indicated that runoff losses were low if all of the insecticide was applied to the foliage whereas high losses occurred if applied only to the soil. When an assumed application was distributed between the plant and soil, predicted runoff losses compared well with observed field data. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes AU - Smith, C N AU - Carsel, R F AD - US EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 323 EP - 342 VL - 19B IS - 3 SN - 0360-1234, 0360-1234 KW - soils KW - profenofos KW - methyl parathion KW - permethrin KW - phorate KW - FWOP KW - CREAMS KW - soil science KW - carbaryl KW - insecticides KW - mathematical models KW - plants KW - runoff KW - toxaphene KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - H SE5.20:INSECTICIDES KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13888487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.atitle=Foliar+Washoff+of+Pesticides+%28FWOP%29+Model%3A+Development+and+evaluation.&rft.au=Smith%2C+C+N%3BCarsel%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=19B&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.issn=03601234&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; plants; runoff; insecticides; carbaryl; toxaphene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-equilibrium approach to modeling metal speciation in acid, aquatic systems: Theory and process equations. AN - 13881839; 741487 AB - A general algorithm (NONEQUI) was developed to simulate reversible sorption and ion exchange kinetics among a variety of heavy metals and substrates in acid (pH<6.5) lake or stream environments. Competitive metal-substrate and substrate-substrate interactions are modeled as kinetic processes rather than invoking an instantaneous equilibrium assumption. This distinction from other models offers certain advantages when attempting to predict the fate, speciation, transport and ultimately biological effects of toxic metals in dynamic media such as lakes and streams. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Fonatine, TD III AD - U.S. EPA, Great Lakes Natl. Program Off., 536 St. Clark St., Chicago, IL 60605, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 287 EP - 313 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - acidity KW - chemical kinetics KW - chemical reactions KW - chemical speciation KW - chemical variables control KW - heavy metals KW - ion exchange KW - lakes KW - mathematical models KW - simulation KW - sorption KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Freshwater KW - Q2:09442 KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13881839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Non-equilibrium+approach+to+modeling+metal+speciation+in+acid%2C+aquatic+systems%3A+Theory+and+process+equations.&rft.au=Fonatine%2C+TD+III&rft.aulast=Fonatine&rft.aufirst=TD&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sorption; chemical reactions; chemical kinetics; lakes; mathematical models; chemical speciation; ion exchange; simulation; heavy metals; acidity; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's program for establishing national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants. AN - 13859608; 720345 AB - The Clear Air Act of 1970 established the authority to control hazardous air pollutants. Section 112 of the legislation requires the Administrator to publish, and from time to time revise, a list of hazardous air pollutants for which he intends to establish emission standards, and to establish emission standards for those pollutants. These national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants are commonly referred to as "NESHAP" standards. All of the NESHAP that have been promulgated as of April 1984 are summarized in the table which accompanies this article. Two types of references are included in the table. The first reference identifies the issue of the Federal Register in which the NESHAP is explained in detail. The second reference identifies the background information document (BID) which contains the technical and economic information developed to support the NESHAP. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Tabler, S K AD - Stand. Dev. Branch, Off. Air Qual. Plann. Stand., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 532 EP - 536 VL - 34 IS - 5 KW - air pollutants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Clean Air Act KW - federal regulations KW - environmental protection KW - emission standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13859608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+program+for+establishing+national+emission+standards+for+hazardous+air+pollutants.&rft.au=Tabler%2C+S+K&rft.aulast=Tabler&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clean Air Act; emission standards; federal regulations; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disinfection AN - 13858285; S198515627 AB - A review of recent literature on disinfection of water and sewage is presented. Topics covered include the effects of disinfection of various types of micro-organism, methods for determination of residual disinfectant (chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone), chemical reactions occurring during disinfection, and formation of trihalomethanes and other byproducts. A bibliography of 177 references is appended. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Venosa, AD AU - Ram, N AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 602 EP - 614 VL - 56 IS - 6 KW - Jn - journal wpcf KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13858285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Disinfection&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BRam%2C+N&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Waterborne disease outbreaks - 1946-1980: a thirty-five year perspective AN - 13854161; S198413836 AB - Data on almost 700 outbreaks of waterborne disease in U.S.A. over the period 1946-80 have been analysed to obtain information on the frequency, geographical distribution, and cause of such outbreaks. The results are summarized in tables, maps, diagrams. Deficiencies in the design, operation, and maintenance of water systems which contributed to waterborne disease are discussed; most important was the lack, or inadequate operation, of disinfection facilities. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Lippy, E C AU - Waltrip, S C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 60 EP - 67 VL - 76 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - Diseases (see also individual groups below) KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13854161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Waterborne+disease+outbreaks+-+1946-1980%3A+a+thirty-five+year+perspective&rft.au=Lippy%2C+E+C%3BWaltrip%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Lippy&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of flucythrinate to Gammarus lacustris (Amphipoda), Pteronarcys dorsata (Plecoptera) and Brachycentrus americanus (Trichoptera): importance of exposure duration AN - 13853784; 198403261 AB - Continuous exposure of Gammarus lacustris to the synthetic pyrethroid flucythrinate, resulted in LC50 values of 0.22, 0.012 and 0.055 ug per litre at 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively. In the less sensitive Pteronarcys dorsata, 7 and 18 day LC50 values were 0.071 and 0.015 ug per litre under continuous exposure conditions. In Brachycentrus americanus the 12 and 28 day LC50s were 0.069 and 0.020 ug per litre. Experiments involving short-time exposure followed by an extended observation period in insecticide-free water showed that a lethal exposure can occur in less time than estimated from continuously exposed animals. Exposure of G. lacustris to 0.012 ug per litre (the 72 h LC50) for only 17.6 hours killed 50 per cent of the animals during the extended observation period. JF - Environmental Pollution (Series A) AU - Anderson, R L AU - Shubat, P AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 353 EP - 365 VL - 35 IS - 4 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13853784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%28Series+A%29&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+flucythrinate+to+Gammarus+lacustris+%28Amphipoda%29%2C+Pteronarcys+dorsata+%28Plecoptera%29+and+Brachycentrus+americanus+%28Trichoptera%29%3A+importance+of+exposure+duration&rft.au=Anderson%2C+R+L%3BShubat%2C+P&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%28Series+A%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of pH, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids or dissolved solids upon ventilatory and cough frequencies in bluegill Lepomis macrochirus and brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis AN - 13852945; 198402526 AB - Increased ventilation frequency was observed in bluegills exposed to dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations below 77 per cent air saturation, pH less than 6.8 or water hardness of 190 mg per litre (as calcium carbonate) and above. Corresponding values for brook trout were DO at 44 per cent and pH 6.0. Brook trout ventilation also increased in suspended solids concentrations of 231 NTU but there was no increase in bluegill ventilation at concentrations up to 323 NTU. Coughing in bluegill increased at pH levels above 9.0, in suspended solids concentrations of 90 NTU and above and in hardness of 190 mg per litre and above. Coughing in brook trout was unaffected over the pH range 5.1-10.1 and in suspended solids concentrations of 0.6-3.18. Coughing in both species was unaffected by DO in the range 44-77 per cent. JF - Environmental Pollution (Series A) AU - Carlson, R W AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 149 EP - 169 VL - 34 IS - 2 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13852945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%28Series+A%29&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+pH%2C+dissolved+oxygen%2C+suspended+solids+or+dissolved+solids+upon+ventilatory+and+cough+frequencies+in+bluegill+Lepomis+macrochirus+and+brook+trout+Salvelinus+fontinalis&rft.au=Carlson%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%28Series+A%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Derivation of site-specific water quality criteria for cadmium and the St. Louis river basin , Duluth, Minnesota AN - 13851973; 198501051 AB - Several freshwater species were exposed to cadmium in site and laboratory water to evaluate three procedures, recommended by the U.S. EPA , for deriving site-specific water quality criteria. The site-specific maximal concentrations for cadmium derived from the recalculation, indicator species and resident species procedures were 1.3, 7.0 and 1.9 ug per litre respectively, compared to the national criterion of 2.2 ug per litre. The 30-day average concentrations were the same as the maximal concentrations in the procedures in which the national acute-chronic ratio was used in the calculation. These concentrations were much lower when the site-specific acute-chronic ratio was applied. Acute tests, conducted monthly in site water, showed that cadmium toxicity varied by more than a factor of 3 over the year indicating the need to consider seasonal changes in physical and chemical characteristics of the site water when deriving criteria to protect aquatic life. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Spehar, R L AU - Carlson, A R AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 651 EP - 665 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13851973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Derivation+of+site-specific+water+quality+criteria+for+cadmium+and+the+St.+Louis+river+basin+%2C+Duluth%2C+Minnesota&rft.au=Spehar%2C+R+L%3BCarlson%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Spehar&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of single and multiphasic Michaelis-Menten kinetics to predictive modelling for aquatic ecosystems AN - 13851389; 198501040 AB - The major strengths and weaknesses of using Michaelis-Menten kinetics for predictive modelling of complex natural environments are identified. The approach was best suited to predicting microbial transformations for pollutant concentrations of 0.1 uM or lower. It was also applicable to high pollutant concentrations (spill or discharge situations) provided that toxic effects of the pollutant and adaptation were considered. For analytical reasons, most research has been done in the upper part of the 0.1-100 uM concentration range wherein transformation rates can be confounded by mixed order and multiphasic kinetics, toxic effects of the pollutant and adaptation. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lewis, D L AU - Holm, H W AU - Hodson, R E AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 563 EP - 574 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13851389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Application+of+single+and+multiphasic+Michaelis-Menten+kinetics+to+predictive+modelling+for+aquatic+ecosystems&rft.au=Lewis%2C+D+L%3BHolm%2C+H+W%3BHodson%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing hazardous waste problems AN - 13851327; 198501068 AB - The use of geophysical techniques for locating the site of buried hazardous wastes and estimating the extent of groundwater pollution is discussed. Techniques include the use of electromagnetic and resistivity methods to define plumes of contaminated groundwater; resistivity and seismic techniques for determining local stratigraphy; use of metal detectors and magnetometers to locate drums and other buried metals; and use of ground-penetrating radar to define the boundaries of buried trenches and other subsurface installations. The data obtained by various methods are compared in diagrams and graphs, and examples of the application of some of these techniques to specific problems are given. The usefulness of existing geophysical techniques is summarized in a table, and possible future developments are indicated, including the development of methods for detecting organic contaminants. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Evans, R B AU - Schweitzer, GE AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 330 EP - 336,339 VL - 18 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13851327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Assessing+hazardous+waste+problems&rft.au=Evans%2C+R+B%3BSchweitzer%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=330&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Processing and transport of environmental virus samples AN - 13850946; 198403325 AB - A procedure by which viruses adsorbed on to cartridge filters could be transported from the field to a laboratory without loss of titre was developed. The effect of different filters, aluminium or magnesium chloride conditioning agents, elution with beef extract or glycine, and temperature were tested. The following recommendations were made: use K-27 of Filterite cartridge filters; place cartridge filters in sterile plastic bags and transport at -70C; process within four days; thaw frozen filters at room temperature for 30 mins; elute with beef extract and then recycle the eluent twice through the filter; control foam by the addition of antifoaming agents. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Dahling AU - Wright, BA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 1272 EP - 1276 VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Filterite KW - Beef KW - Magnesium chloride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13850946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Processing+and+transport+of+environmental+virus+samples&rft.au=Dahling%3BWright%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Dahling&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compliance data for the occurrence of radium and gross alpha-particles activity in drinking water supplies in the United States AN - 13850879; 198401978 AB - Data resulting from the implementation of U.S. regulations requiring the monitoring of radioactivity of drinking water is examined. Radium-228 concentrations were determined using the gross alpha-particle technique as a screening technique. It is estimated that once the drinking water from all supplies has been analysed approximately 500 samples out of 59,812 will exceed the Maximal Contaminant Level and most of these will be groundwater supplies. The study is discussed in relation to earlier studies concerning the concentration of radium-226 in drinking water supplies. JF - Health Physics AU - Cothern, C R AU - Lappenbusch, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 503 EP - 510 VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13850879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Compliance+data+for+the+occurrence+of+radium+and+gross+alpha-particles+activity+in+drinking+water+supplies+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Cothern%2C+C+R%3BLappenbusch%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Cothern&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disinfection of secondary effluent with ozone/UV AN - 13850806; 198401938 AB - A study was performed to investigate whether ozone and ultraviolet (UV) light acted synergistically on the disinfection of secondary effluent. A modified 3-column bubble diffuser ozone contactor was used as a reactor to evaluate the effects of UV alone, ozone alone, UV before ozone, UV after ozone, and UV and ozone concurrently on faecal coliform densities. UV either preceded by or followed by ozone was effective in reducing coliform densities but simultaneous application was not additive. The mechanism of disinfection by UV and ozone is discussed and an economic analysis of the process is included. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Venosa, AD AU - Petrasek, A C AU - Brown, D AU - Sparks, H L AU - Allen, D M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 137 EP - 142 VL - 56 IS - 2 KW - Effluent (treated) (see also sewage works effluent) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13850806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Disinfection+of+secondary+effluent+with+ozone%2FUV&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BPetrasek%2C+A+C%3BBrown%2C+D%3BSparks%2C+H+L%3BAllen%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A rapid aquatic toxicity assay utilizing labelled thymidine incorporation in sea urchin embryos AN - 13850096; 198501066 AB - Inhibition of tritiated thymidine incorporation in the sea urchin embryo (Arbacia punctulata) was used to calculate 48-h EC50 values of toxic chemicals. In preliminary trials using eight compounds of varying toxicities, results accurately predicted reduced survival and morphological delay. Excellent correlations also existed between these calculated EC50's and literature-derived LC50 values for Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas . The simplicity and speed of this test system lent itself to screening large numbers of compounds, mixtures or water samples. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Jackim, E AU - Nacci, D AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 631 EP - 636 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13850096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+rapid+aquatic+toxicity+assay+utilizing+labelled+thymidine+incorporation+in+sea+urchin+embryos&rft.au=Jackim%2C+E%3BNacci%2C+D&rft.aulast=Jackim&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=631&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The occurrence of aluminium in drinking water AN - 13850045; 198401553 AB - Water samples were taken five times in a year from 186 water utilities and analysed for aluminium and iron by atomic absorption techniques. The water samples were categorized by their water supply source (ground, surface), the type of water sample, (raw, finished, untreated distribution sample), the type of coagulant used, the U.S. EPA region and population. Aluminium was found more often in surface waters than in groundwaters and concentrations were increased where alum was used as a coagulant. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Miller, R G AU - Kopfler, F C AU - Kelty, K C AU - Stober, JA AU - Ulmer, N S AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 84 EP - 91 VL - 76 IS - 1 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13850045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=The+occurrence+of+aluminium+in+drinking+water&rft.au=Miller%2C+R+G%3BKopfler%2C+F+C%3BKelty%2C+K+C%3BStober%2C+JA%3BUlmer%2C+N+S&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological methods for determining toxicity of contaminated freshwater sediments to invertebrates AN - 13849874; 198501065 AB - Methods (including rearing procedures) are presented for using Daphnia magna , Hyalella azteca , Chironomus tentans , Gammarus lacustris and Hexagenia limbata to screen freshwater sediments for acute and chronic toxicity, bioaccumulation potential and in situ toxicity. A brief summary of verification tests (published elsewhere) evaluating the recommended methods and organisms is also presented along with a literature review and criteria to be used for species and test selection. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Cairns, MA AU - Gakstatter, J H AU - Malueg, K W AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Krawczyk, D F AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 617 EP - 630 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Rearing KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13849874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Biological+methods+for+determining+toxicity+of+contaminated+freshwater+sediments+to+invertebrates&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BCairns%2C+MA%3BGakstatter%2C+J+H%3BMalueg%2C+K+W%3BSchuytema%2C+G+S%3BKrawczyk%2C+D+F&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enteric viruses and indicator bacteria levels in a water treatment system modified to reduce trihalomethane production AN - 13849772; 198401764 AB - A drinking water treatment plant with a high concentration of enteric viruses in its source water and a high concentration of trihalomethanes (THM) in its finished water was located and used to study the effects on water quality of changing the point of chlorination from the first to the last treatment step. The methodologies used for the determination of THM levels, turbidity measurement, virus sampling, viral assays, bacterial assays and the monitoring of viral recovery efficiencies are described. The modification resulted in a decrease in THM levels. No viruses or bacterial indicators were isolated from finished waters of the modified treatment plant. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Stetler, R E AU - Ward, R L AU - Waltrip, S C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 319 EP - 324 VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13849772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Enteric+viruses+and+indicator+bacteria+levels+in+a+water+treatment+system+modified+to+reduce+trihalomethane+production&rft.au=Stetler%2C+R+E%3BWard%2C+R+L%3BWaltrip%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Stetler&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spill alert device for earth dam failure warning AN - 13849566; 198501610 AB - A spill alert device, based on monitoring of acoustic emissions, was developed. The apparatus could predict failure of earthen structures such as dams, sewage lagoons and spoil heaps. A relationship existed between soil types and the acoustic emissions. The acoustic emission increased as a soil approached failure due to external stress . The laboratory apparatus had been converted into a portable system for field use. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Koerner, R M AU - Lord, A E AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 373 EP - 380 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Equipment KW - Spoil (see also dredgings KW - individual types of wa) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13849566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Spill+alert+device+for+earth+dam+failure+warning&rft.au=Koerner%2C+R+M%3BLord%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Koerner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factor interactions and aquatic toxicity testing AN - 13849533; 198401830 AB - To assess the practical significance of factor interactions in developing water quality criteria and carrying out toxicity tests, the authors have used three predictive models to re-analyse two published sets of data dealing with the effects of mixtures of metals on aquatic organisms. It was concluded that one should not assume, without supporting evidence, that experimental variables act independently when in combination. A sequential testing methodology for evaluating the existence of parameter interactions is presented. JF - Water Research AU - Voyer, R A AU - Heltshe, J F AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 441 EP - 447 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13849533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Factor+interactions+and+aquatic+toxicity+testing&rft.au=Voyer%2C+R+A%3BHeltshe%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Voyer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduction in toxicity of organic priority pollutants by pilot-scale conventional wastewater treatment process AN - 13849282; 198402007 AB - Two parallel pilot-scale conventional activated sludge plants were set up to treat wastewater from Cincinnati, with one system as a control, and one where the influent was continuously dosed with a mixture of 22 organic pollutants, to study the effectiveness of such a system for detoxifying raw municipal wastewater, and also to study the effect of chlorination on the acute toxicity of the experimental effluent. Acute toxicity tests for the experimental effluents were carried out with fathead minnows, Daphnia magna, and rainbow trout. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Horning, W B AU - Robinson, EL AU - Petrasek, A C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 191 EP - 196 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13849282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Reduction+in+toxicity+of+organic+priority+pollutants+by+pilot-scale+conventional+wastewater+treatment+process&rft.au=Horning%2C+W+B%3BRobinson%2C+EL%3BPetrasek%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Horning&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An inexpensive weir and proportional sampler for miniature watershed ecosystems AN - 13848523; 198500698 AB - A modified weir and proportional sampler designed to measure and proportionally sample water and elemental flow in and out of miniature watershed systems is described and evaluated. Eight weir collection systems were examined, water budgets calculated, and the amount of water the system was designed to collect compared with that actually collected. Although the amount of water collected was adequate for analysis , it was generally less than the systems were designed to collect. The weir systems were unable to account for 25 to 50 per cent of the variation in total water passing over the cut off wall and several improvements in these systems are discussed. JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Nabholz, J V AU - Crossley, DA AU - Best, G R AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 619 EP - 625 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13848523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=An+inexpensive+weir+and+proportional+sampler+for+miniature+watershed+ecosystems&rft.au=Nabholz%2C+J+V%3BCrossley%2C+DA%3BBest%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Nabholz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of collection procedures for the reinjection ion chromatography of water AN - 13848494; 198500701 AB - A statistical study was carried out of 4 protocols for defining the heart-cutting step in ion-chromatography to determine the best method for use in the analysis of trace anions in water. The experimental work comprised the analysis of 0.1-0.4 ppm arsenic(V) added to an urban drinking water. Two pairs of cutting procedures were tested, one based on timing and the other on the response of the conductivity detector. The best precision was achieved when the collection was based on detector response and when collection included up to half of the next major peak (sulphate). During the experiments, the retention time of arsenate gradually shifted closer to that of sulphate, resulting in poorer separation in later runs. JF - Journal of Chromatographic Science AU - Hoover, T B AU - Yager, G D AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 435 EP - 437 VL - 22 IS - 10 SN - 0021-9665, 0021-9665 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13848494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+collection+procedures+for+the+reinjection+ion+chromatography+of+water&rft.au=Hoover%2C+T+B%3BYager%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Hoover&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.issn=00219665&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of hazardous waste and environmental extracts by capillary gas chromatography/Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry AN - 13848402; 198402814 AB - The relative sensitivities of several techniques for chemical analysis of hazardous wastes and environmental samples for the presence of organic compounds have been compared. Fused-silica capillary-column gas chromatography with mass spectrometry was much more sensitive than fused-silica capillary-column gas chromatography with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, which in turn was slightly more sensitive than packed-column gas chromatography with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The ability of the two most sensitive methods to identify every gas-chromatographic-volatile compound in complex environmental samples was also investigated; identification confirmation was much more limited than compound class identification. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Gurka, D F AU - Hiatt, M AU - Titus, R AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 1102 EP - 1110 VL - 56 IS - 7 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13848402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+hazardous+waste+and+environmental+extracts+by+capillary+gas+chromatography%2FFourier+transform+infrared+spectrometry+and+capillary+gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry&rft.au=Gurka%2C+D+F%3BHiatt%2C+M%3BTitus%2C+R&rft.aulast=Gurka&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative sensitivity of Chironomus tentans life stages to copper AN - 13847928; 198402164 AB - The 96-hour LC50 values for copper (as copper chloride) obtained using first, second, third and fourth-instar larvae of the midge, C.tentans , were 298, 773, 1446 and 1690 ug copper per litre respectively at a water hardness of 71-84 mg per litre. Extending the test period reduced the LC50 value (20 day LC50 using 4th-instar larvae was 77.5 ug per litre). Fourth-instar larvae that survived 20-day copper exposure up to 235 ug per litre, pupated and emerged successfully as adults. The 10-day old second-instar larvae were found to be most suitable for use in starting tests. Methods for continuous culture of C. tentans in a flow-through rearing facility using Cerophyl, a commercially available powdered grass product, as food and substrate are presented. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Cairns, MA AU - Wise, C M AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 151 EP - 158 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Grasses (See Also Gramineae) KW - Rearing KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13847928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Relative+sensitivity+of+Chironomus+tentans+life+stages+to+copper&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BCairns%2C+MA%3BWise%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating the condition of asbestos-cement pipe AN - 13847816; 198501527 AB - Asbestos-cement pipes have been considered to be generally less affected by potable water than metal pipes and there have been fewer studies on their deterioration. The subject became more important when the relationship between asbestos exposure and health problems was discovered. Four techniques are evaluated as methods of assessing the condition of asbestos-cement pipe in a quantitative manner including standard Rockwell L Scale and Shore D durometer hardness tests. The hardness measurements were related to the depth to which calcium had been lost from a pipe exposed to aggressive water. Calcium loss was measured by an X-ray analysis technique performed in a scanning electron microscope. The calcium loss values were not related to the amount of exposed fibre on the surface of the pipe and could not be used to predict the potential for fibre release from the pipe. A modified durometer could be used in the field to compare in-service pipe with new pipe and to determine whether attack by aggressive water had occurred. JF - Materials Performance AU - Millette, J R AU - Logsdon, G S AU - Clark, P J AU - Kinman, R N AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 14 EP - 20 VL - 23 IS - 12 SN - 0094-1492, 0094-1492 KW - Pipes (see also conduits, drains, pipelines,sewers) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13847816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Materials+Performance&rft.atitle=Evaluating+the+condition+of+asbestos-cement+pipe&rft.au=Millette%2C+J+R%3BLogsdon%2C+G+S%3BClark%2C+P+J%3BKinman%2C+R+N&rft.aulast=Millette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Materials+Performance&rft.issn=00941492&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inactivation of simian rotavirus SAII by chlorine, chlorine dioxide and monochloramine AN - 13847801; 198403681 AB - Inactivation of simian rotavirus SAII was studied at 5C using a purified preparation of single virions and a preparation of cell-associated virions. Chlorine and chlorine dioxide studies were conducted at pH 6 and 10 and monochloramine studies at pH 8. Chlorine and chlorine dioxide, each at 0.5 mg per litre and at pH 6 and pH 10 respectively, inactivated more than 99.99 per cent of the single virions in less than 15 s. Inactivation with chlorine was more rapid at pH 6 than at pH 10 but the reverse was true of chlorine dioxide. The cell-associated virus was more resistant to inactivation by the three disinfectants than was the preparation of single virions. Chlorine and chlorine dioxide, each at 0.5 mg per litre and at pH 6 and pH 10 respectively, inactivated 99 per cent of both virus preparations within 4 minutes but monochloramine at 10 mg per litre and pH 8 required more than 6 hours for the same degree of inactivation. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Berman, D AU - Hoff, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 317 EP - 323 VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13847801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Inactivation+of+simian+rotavirus+SAII+by+chlorine%2C+chlorine+dioxide+and+monochloramine&rft.au=Berman%2C+D%3BHoff%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of trivalent chromium to early life stages of steelhead trout AN - 13847334; 198402165 AB - In chronic early life stage toxicity tests with trivalent chromium (as chromium nitrate) and steelhead trout, exposure from newly fertilized eggs to 30 day post-swimup produced completed mortality at 495 ug per litre. Embryo survival was significantly reduced at 157 ug per litre and significant total mortality from fertilization to end of test, occurred at 89 ug per litre. Most mortality occurred at hatching. In an early life stage test started with eyed eggs, hatching survival was reduced at 271 ug per litre. In acute tests with 2-month old juveniles, the 96-hour LC50 was 4400 ug per litre. Acute experiments using survivors from the chronic tests showed that no acclimation resulted from previous chromium exposure. Water chemistry (pH, hardness etc) was monitored throughout the experiments. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Stevens, D G AU - Chapman, G A AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 125 EP - 133 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13847334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+trivalent+chromium+to+early+life+stages+of+steelhead+trout&rft.au=Stevens%2C+D+G%3BChapman%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of fenvalerate on larval developments of Palaemonetes pugio (Holthuis) and on larval metabolism during osmotic stress AN - 13847164; 198501202 AB - Estuarine grass shrimp larvae were exposed to the pyrethroid insecticide, fenvalerate (nominal concentrations 0.1-3.2 ng per litre) from hatch through metamorphosis under optimal salinity conditions (20 per thousand). Viability was unaffected until the fourth day when 3.2 ng per litre produced significant mortality. Concentrations higher than 0.8 ng per litre delayed completion of metamorphosis. Oxygen consumption rates were elevated after 24 h exposure at all concentrations, most noticeably by those higher than 0.8 ng per litre, but only 3.2 ng per litre significantly increased metabolic rate after 24 h. The metabolic response of larvae, reared in 0.1 and 0.2 ng fenvalerate per litre, to low and high salinity (10 and 30 per thousand) was dependent on stage of development. Results suggest that sublethal fenvalerate exposure may reduce the ecological fitness of grass shrimp larvae by limiting their capacity to adapt to the fluctuating salinities in estuarine water. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - McKenney, G L AU - Hamaker, D B AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 343 EP - 355 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Pyrethrins KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13847164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+fenvalerate+on+larval+developments+of+Palaemonetes+pugio+%28Holthuis%29+and+on+larval+metabolism+during+osmotic+stress&rft.au=McKenney%2C+G+L%3BHamaker%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=McKenney&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent developments in sludge digestion in the United States and a view of the future AN - 13846998; S198517643 AB - Sludge digestion processes undergoing evaluation by various sewage treatment undertakings in the U.S.A. are reviewed. Recent trends in favour of low energy processes and the impact of the Innovative and Alternative Energy Programme of the U.S. EPA on the development of processes incorporating heat or energy recovery and digester gas utilization are discussed. Large-scale trials of the aerobic-anaerobic two-stage digestion process were being conducted at Hagerstown, Maryland, based on the Union Carbide process. Further installations based on this method were nearing completion. Other promising developments involved two-phase anaerobic digestion and a multiple digestion process which had given promising results at the Rockawaysewage works in New York City. JF - Sewage Sludge Stabilization and Disinfection (edited by A. M. Bruce). Ellis Horwood Ltd, Chichester AU - Farrell, J B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 8 EP - 329,08 KW - Two phase KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Union carbide corporation KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13846998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sewage+Sludge+Stabilization+and+Disinfection+%28edited+by+A.+M.+Bruce%29.+Ellis+Horwood+Ltd%2C+Chichester&rft.atitle=Recent+developments+in+sludge+digestion+in+the+United+States+and+a+view+of+the+future&rft.au=Farrell%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Farrell&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sewage+Sludge+Stabilization+and+Disinfection+%28edited+by+A.+M.+Bruce%29.+Ellis+Horwood+Ltd%2C+Chichester&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pilot-plant studies of slow-rate filtration AN - 13846746; 198501880 AB - Pilot plant studies to evaluate slow-rate filtration for the removal of particulates, total coliforms, standard plant count bacteria and organics from water are reported. Several different water sources were used in the study including a low turbidity surface water spiked with raw sewage. Two pilot-scale filtrations systems were used, a slow sand filter operated for 800 days and a second slow sand filter operated in parallel with another slow-rate filter containing granular activated carbon operated for 200 days. Slow-rate filtration could be a relatively easily operated and effective process, particularly for small systems which were currently not complying with drinking water standards . JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Fox, K R AU - Miltner, R J AU - Logsdon, G S AU - Dicks, D L AU - Drolet, L F AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 62 EP - 68 VL - 76 IS - 12 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13846746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Pilot-plant+studies+of+slow-rate+filtration&rft.au=Fox%2C+K+R%3BMiltner%2C+R+J%3BLogsdon%2C+G+S%3BDicks%2C+D+L%3BDrolet%2C+L+F&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=62&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transport and fate of diethyl phthalate in aquatic ecosystems AN - 13846703; 198403647 AB - In studies conducted in a large laboratory aquatic ecosystem composed of a series of reactor tanks, microbial and, more specifically, bacterial transformation accounted for 95-99 per cent of the rapid loss of diethyl phthalate from water. First order rate constants of microbial transformation were very similar regardless of differences in microbial and nutrient environment, provided sufficient nutrients were available to maintain bacterial metabolic activity. Most of the bacterial activity was associated with Aufwuchs attached to submerged surfaces or suspended in streamers or mats . The rates of transformation in Aufwuchs-dominated systems could be predicted only within one order of magnitude using a mean second order rate constant determined from batch cultures of blended Aufwuchs. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Lewis, D L AU - Holm, H W AU - Kollig, H P AU - Hall, T L AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 223 EP - 231 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Suspended KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13846703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Transport+and+fate+of+diethyl+phthalate+in+aquatic+ecosystems&rft.au=Lewis%2C+D+L%3BHolm%2C+H+W%3BKollig%2C+H+P%3BHall%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory sediment toxicity tests, sediment chemistry and distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates in sediments from the Keweenaw Waterway, Michigan AN - 13846631; 198403748 AB - Acute toxicity tests using Daphnia magna and the burrowing mayfly nymph, Hexagenia limbata were conducted on sediment from northern and southern regions of the Keweenaw Waterway. The two organisms were tested simultaneously in a recirculating bioassay chamber in which Daphnia were tested during the first and last two days of a 10 day Hexagenia test. Southern sediment was toxic to neither organism but northern sediment was acutely toxic to Daphnia. Significant quantities of total and dissolved copper were present in the test water containing northern sediment. The existence of a positive relationship between the daphnid data and the field distribution of benthic organisms supported the use of Daphnia as a surrogate species in the sediment bioassay. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Malueg, K W AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Krawczyk, D F AU - Gakstatter, J H AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 233 EP - 242 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13846631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Laboratory+sediment+toxicity+tests%2C+sediment+chemistry+and+distribution+of+benthic+macroinvertebrates+in+sediments+from+the+Keweenaw+Waterway%2C+Michigan&rft.au=Malueg%2C+K+W%3BSchuytema%2C+G+S%3BKrawczyk%2C+D+F%3BGakstatter%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Malueg&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of cadmium in water and sediment slurries to Daphnia magna AN - 13846606; 198403749 AB - Daphnia magna were exposed for 48 hours to cadmium in water or in equilibrium between water and sediment in slurries at two levels of total solids (100 and 1000 mg per litre). The mean water and slurry LC50s were 39 and 91 ug dissolved cadmium per litre respectively (there was no difference in toxicity between the two levels of total solids) indicating that cadmium adsorbed on to the sediment had negligible toxicity. There was no significant difference between water and slurry LC50s based on free cadmium ion concentrations (30 and 47 ug per litre respectively). Adsorption isotherms were developed to predict cadmium distribution between well water and sediment and a speciation model predicted that organic ligands from the sediment strongly complexed the free cadmium ion. Free cadmium ion appeared to be the predominant toxic species in the Daphnia magna bioassays. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nelson, PO AU - Malueg, K W AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Krawczyk, D F AU - Ratcliff, A K AU - Gakstatter, J H AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 293 EP - 308 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13846606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+cadmium+in+water+and+sediment+slurries+to+Daphnia+magna&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNelson%2C+PO%3BMalueg%2C+K+W%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BKrawczyk%2C+D+F%3BRatcliff%2C+A+K%3BGakstatter%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of pentachlorophenol on the growth and mortality of embryonic and juvenile steelhead trout AN - 13845844; 198501199 AB - The 96-h flow-through LC50 for purified (99 per cent) sodium pentachlorphenate in ten-week old steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) fry was 66 ug per litre. The chronic toxicity threshold in a 72-day test, beginning 24 h after fertilization, was 14 ug per litre yielding an acute-chronic ratio of 4.7. Yolk sac oedema and cranial malformations, commonly observed in chronic tests, were rare. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Dominguez, SE AU - Chapman, G A AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 739 EP - 743 VL - 13 IS - 6 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13845844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+pentachlorophenol+on+the+growth+and+mortality+of+embryonic+and+juvenile+steelhead+trout&rft.au=Dominguez%2C+SE%3BChapman%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Dominguez&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of sediments from three metal-contaminated areas AN - 13845823; 198403741 AB - Acute toxicity tests using Daphnia magna and the burrowing mayfly nymph, Hexagenia limbata, were conducted on various lake sediments. The organisms were tested simultaneously in a recirculating bioassay apparatus in which Daphnia were tested during the first (DI) and last (DII) two days of a 10 day Hexagenia test. One of the sediments from Phillips Chain of Lakes was toxic to DI but not to DII. The other sediments from that area were toxic to neither organism. Sediments from the other two test areas were toxic to both species . Mortality was associated with elevated metal levels in sediment and bioassay test water. In general, field macro-invertebrate data (numbers and dominant type of organisms, biomass, species diversity) correlated with metal content and acute laboratory toxicity. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Malueg, K W AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Gakstatter, J H AU - Krawczyk, D F AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 279 EP - 291 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13845823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+sediments+from+three+metal-contaminated+areas&rft.au=Malueg%2C+K+W%3BSchuytema%2C+G+S%3BGakstatter%2C+J+H%3BKrawczyk%2C+D+F&rft.aulast=Malueg&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nickel uptake and loss in the bivalves Crassostrea virginica and Mytilus edulis AN - 13845580; 198402998 AB - Samples of the mussel, Mytilus edulis, and the oyster, Crassostrea virginica, were exposed to concentrations of 5 and 10 ug nickel per kg seawater for 12 weeks, at naturally-occurring temperatures and salinity, to evaluate their potential as indicators of nickel pollution. M. edulis was a better indicator of nickel pollution in nearshore marine waters than C. virginica. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Zaroogian, GE AU - Johnson, M AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 411 EP - 418 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13845580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Nickel+uptake+and+loss+in+the+bivalves+Crassostrea+virginica+and+Mytilus+edulis&rft.au=Zaroogian%2C+GE%3BJohnson%2C+M&rft.aulast=Zaroogian&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of pollution on freshwater organisms AN - 13845166; 198403587 AB - A review with 625 references is presented, in the form of a table which reports papers on the effects of a large number of organic and inorganic pollutants on freshwater organisms, including fish, amphibians and aquatic plants. The pollutants are listed in alphabetical order , from acenaphthene to zinc. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Phipps, G L AU - Harden, MJ AU - Leonard, EN AU - Roush, TH AU - Spehar, D L AU - Stephan, CE AU - Pickering, Q H AU - Buikema, AL AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 725 EP - 758 VL - 56 IS - 6 KW - Aquatic macrophytes (see also individual groups b) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13845166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Effects+of+pollution+on+freshwater+organisms&rft.au=Phipps%2C+G+L%3BHarden%2C+MJ%3BLeonard%2C+EN%3BRoush%2C+TH%3BSpehar%2C+D+L%3BStephan%2C+CE%3BPickering%2C+Q+H%3BBuikema%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Phipps&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=725&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of copper, nickel and zinc on the life cycle of the caddisfly Clistoronia magnifica (Limnephilidae) AN - 13844854; 198501191 AB - First and second generation caddisfly larvae and pupae and third generation larvae were continuously exposed to copper. The aerial adults and eggs were exposed only to body burdens obtained as larvae and pupae. Nickel and zinc life-cycle tests included first and second generation exposure. The no-observed-effect levels for copper and nickel were 813 and 66 ug per litre respectively. Copper concentrations of 17 ug per litre and above and nickel concentrations of 250 ug per litre and above prevented completion of the life cycle. Adult emergence was significantly reduced at 13 ug copper per litre. The highest zinc concentration (5243 ug per litre) had no effect on any of the life stages. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Savonen, C AU - Baker, R J AU - McCrady, J K AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 645 EP - 649 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aerial KW - Clistoronia magnifica KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13844854?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+copper%2C+nickel+and+zinc+on+the+life+cycle+of+the+caddisfly+Clistoronia+magnifica+%28Limnephilidae%29&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BSavonen%2C+C%3BBaker%2C+R+J%3BMcCrady%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=645&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of trace anions in water by multidimensional ion chromatography AN - 13844420; 198401624 AB - A procedure has been developed to determine trace anions in the presence of major interferences by ion chromatography. By collecting a selected portion of the ion chromatogram, after suppression, on a concentrator column and re-injecting it at the original chromatographic conditions, it was possible to separate selenate, selenite, and arsenite from chloride, nitrate, and sulphate in samples of drinking water, surface water, and groundwater. Statistical detection limits varied from 0.02 to 1.2 ug of trace element depending on the minor components to be separated and on the water matrix. The maximal reliably separated molar ratio was 1300 for sulphate/selenate. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Hoover, T B AU - Yager, G D AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 221 EP - 225 VL - 56 IS - 2 KW - Columns KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13844420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Determination+of+trace+anions+in+water+by+multidimensional+ion+chromatography&rft.au=Hoover%2C+T+B%3BYager%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Hoover&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Retrospective analysis of the response of Saginaw bay, lake Huron , to reductions in phosphorus loadings AN - 13844338; S198413528 AB - The responses of Saginaw bay, Huron lake, to a substantial decrease in external phosphorus loadings between 1974 and 1980 were analysed in terms of phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, inverse Secchi depth and threshold odour in the principal municipal water supply. The relationship between threshold odour and phytoplankton cell number, chlorophyll a and dry weight biomass concentrations was discussed. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Bierman, V J AU - Dolan, D M AU - Kasprzyk, R AU - Clark, J L AD - U.S. EPA, Grosse Ile, Mich. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 23 EP - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Analysis KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13844338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Retrospective+analysis+of+the+response+of+Saginaw+bay%2C+lake+Huron+%2C+to+reductions+in+phosphorus+loadings&rft.au=Bierman%2C+V+J%3BDolan%2C+D+M%3BKasprzyk%2C+R%3BClark%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Bierman&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Checklist eases design/build task AN - 13843859; 198403220 AB - A 27-point checklist was developed by the U.S. EPA which summarizes the key factors to be considered in the design, construction and operation of facilities using rotating biological contactors (RBC). The checklist was based on treatment facility designs which incorporated RBC as the principal secondary unit process. The critical parameters were identified as organic and soluble BOD loading, effective treatment by primary clarifiers, excess biofilm removal and correct engineering principles. JF - Water/Engineering & Management AU - Gross, C AU - Gilbert, W AU - Wheeler, J AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 32 EP - 33 VL - 131 IS - 6 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13843859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2FEngineering+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Checklist+eases+design%2Fbuild+task&rft.au=Gross%2C+C%3BGilbert%2C+W%3BWheeler%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gross&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2FEngineering+%26+Management&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Substrate associated microfauna AN - 13843608; 198403473 AB - This review paper covers methodology and ecology. The 7 articles referred to in the former section are on topics ranging from comparative tests using a new flow-through benthic corer to the controversial copepod/nematode ratio. These articles were all published in 1983 as were the 30 papers referred to in the ecology section of this review. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Burton, G A AD - U.S. EPA and University of Texas, Dallas Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 787 EP - 791 VL - 56 IS - 6 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13843608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Substrate+associated+microfauna&rft.au=Lazorchak%2C+J+M%3BBurton%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Lazorchak&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=787&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary accumulation of PCBs from a contaminated sediment source by a demersal fish (Leiostomus xanthurus) AN - 13842798; 198501198 AB - The extent to which a contaminated sediment (5.2 ug per g dry wt. as Aroclor 1242 and 1254) could serve as a source of PCB for uptake and dietary transfer in a simplified laboratory food chain, consisting of sediment, polychaetes (Nereis virens) and a predatory fish, was determined. In this two-phase study, fish exposed to contaminated sediments and fed a daily diet of polychaetes, which had been previously exposed to the same contaminated sediment for 40 days, accumulated more than twice the PCB whole-body residues compared to fish exposed to similar conditions but fed uncontaminated polychaetes. The dietary contribution of PCB accounted for 53 per cent of the total body burden in fish fed for 20 days. Fish isolated from direct contact with contaminated sediment did not significantly accumulate PCB residues when compared with fish allowed contact with sediment. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Rubinstein, NI AU - Gilliam, W T AU - Gregory, N R AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 331 EP - 342 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Demersal KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13842798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dietary+accumulation+of+PCBs+from+a+contaminated+sediment+source+by+a+demersal+fish+%28Leiostomus+xanthurus%29&rft.au=Rubinstein%2C+NI%3BGilliam%2C+W+T%3BGregory%2C+N+R&rft.aulast=Rubinstein&rft.aufirst=NI&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of copper-spiked sediments to freshwater invertebrates AN - 13842741; 198500600 AB - Freshwater sediments from two sites were spiked with different concentrations of copper, ranging from 59 to 10,600 mg per kg dry sediment, and repeatedly rinsed to lower the aqueous copper concentrations and allowed to equilibriate. LC50 values (48 h for Daphnia magna, 10 days for other animals) in the midge Chironomus tentans, the cladoceran D. magna and the amphipods Hyalella azteca and Gammarus lacustris, used in the solid-phase sediment toxicity bioassays, ranged from 681 to 2296 mg copper per kg dry sediment. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Cairns, MA AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Gakstatter, J H AU - Griffis, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 435 EP - 445 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13842741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+copper-spiked+sediments+to+freshwater+invertebrates&rft.au=Cairns%2C+MA%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BGakstatter%2C+J+H%3BGriffis%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Cairns&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=435&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The acute toxicity of selected substituted phenols, benzenes and benzoic acid esters to fathead minnows Pimephales promelas AN - 13842683; S198516073 AB - In flow-through acute toxicity tests with 11 substituted phenols, 4 substituted benzenes and 9 esters, 96 hour LC50 values in fathead minnows ranged from 0.135 mg per litre for nonylphenol to 177 mg per litre for nitrobenzene. Comparative tests conducted with 1,4-dinitrobenzene, 2-ethoxyethylacetate, ethyl salicylate and phenyl salicylate using channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and snails, Aplexa hypnorum, and with 4-nitrophenol using channel catfish. For rainbow trout, the 96 hour LC50 of 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol was 0.205 mg per litre. JF - Environmental Pollution (Series A) AU - Holcombe, G W AU - Phipps, G L AU - Knuth, M L AU - Felhaber, T AD - US EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 367 EP - 381 VL - 35 IS - 4 KW - Naphthol KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13842683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%28Series+A%29&rft.atitle=The+acute+toxicity+of+selected+substituted+phenols%2C+benzenes+and+benzoic+acid+esters+to+fathead+minnows+Pimephales+promelas&rft.au=Holcombe%2C+G+W%3BPhipps%2C+G+L%3BKnuth%2C+M+L%3BFelhaber%2C+T&rft.aulast=Holcombe&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%28Series+A%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A seven-day life-cycle cladoceran toxicity test AN - 13842492; 198500480 AB - The 7-day three-brood life-cycle test for Ceriodaphnia reticulata , using renewal techniques, was specially designed for both on-site effluent testing and shipped-sample testing where volumes have to be minimized. The test method, information on culture techniques, handling procedures, relative sensitivity and some applications to effluent studies are described. C. reticulata was easier to culture with fewer mortality problems than Daphnia magna . JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Mount, DI AU - Norberg, T J AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 425 EP - 434 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13842492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+seven-day+life-cycle+cladoceran+toxicity+test&rft.au=Mount%2C+DI%3BNorberg%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Mount&rft.aufirst=DI&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of arsenite and arsenate to the marine macroalga Champia parvula (Rhodophyta) AN - 13841013; 198500595 AB - In standard tests using 4.5 uM phosphate in the medium, growth of C. parvula was inhibited at 145 ug arsenite per litre and sexual reproduction ceased at concentrations between 60 and 95 ug per litre. All individuals died at concentrations of 300 ug per litre and above. Under similar conditions, growth was not significantly affected by arsenate concentrations up to 10,000 ug per litre though sexual reproduction did not occur at that concentration. Arsenite toxicity was not affected by phosphate concentrations up to 9.1 uM but arsenate toxicity increased with decreasing phosphate. In the absence of phosphate, arsenate toxicity was similar to arsenite toxicity with the exception that 1076 ug arsenate per litre did not kill the plants whereas 300 ug arsenite per litre was lethal. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Thursby, G B AU - Steel, R L AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 391 EP - 397 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aquatic macrophytes (see also individual groups b) KW - Media KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13841013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+arsenite+and+arsenate+to+the+marine+macroalga+Champia+parvula+%28Rhodophyta%29&rft.au=Thursby%2C+G+B%3BSteel%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Thursby&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uptake of bromacil by isolated barley roots. AN - 13840322; 702828 AB - A study of bromacil uptake by excised barley (Hordeum vulgare ) roots was used to evaluate this procedure as a tool to learn the uptake characteristics of toxic organic chemicals. Bromacil uptake was shown to be a passive process with an uptake rate of 0.64 mu g bromacil g super(-1) fresh root hr super(-1). A Q sub(10) for the process was determined to be 1.5 and living roots were required for bromacil uptake. This procedure was judged to be a quick and inexpensive method to screen plant uptake of toxic chemicals. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Wickliff, C AU - McFarlane, J C AU - Ratsch, H AD - Toxics Hazard. Mater. Branch, Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 43 EP - 51 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - bromacil KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - toxicity KW - agriculture KW - bioaccumulation KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13840322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Uptake+of+bromacil+by+isolated+barley+roots.&rft.au=Wickliff%2C+C%3BMcFarlane%2C+J+C%3BRatsch%2C+H&rft.aulast=Wickliff&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hordeum vulgare; toxicity; bioaccumulation; agriculture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for conducting snail (Aplexa hypnorum) embryo through adult exposures: effects of cadmium and reduced pH levels AN - 13839696; 198403912 AB - The feasibility of using a freshwater snail in a test system designed for fish bioassays was investigated. In two embryo through adult exposures, the maximal acceptable toxicant concentrations of cadmium, based on delayed hatch, reductions in percentage hatch and survival and reduced growth, were 4.41-7.63 and 2.50-4.79 ug cadmium per litre. In adult snails, the 96-h LC50 for cadmium was 93 ug per litre. Exposure of embryonic, larval and adult snails to a pH range of 5.00-5.75 for 26 days had significant adverse effects on survival, growth, reproduction and egg hatching success. 26-day exposure to pH 6.25-6.65 had no adverse effects. Short term static exposure to pH 4.3 caused a cloudy appearance in eggs within the egg mass and killed embryos within two hours. Exposure to pH 4.6 also turned embryos slightly cloudy but some development did occur in these embryos by the sixth day. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Holcombe, G W AU - Phipps, G L AU - Marier, J W AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 627 EP - 634 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13839696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Methods+for+conducting+snail+%28Aplexa+hypnorum%29+embryo+through+adult+exposures%3A+effects+of+cadmium+and+reduced+pH+levels&rft.au=Holcombe%2C+G+W%3BPhipps%2C+G+L%3BMarier%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Holcombe&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Groundwater Supply Survey AN - 13839333; S198515380 AB - The levels of 29 volatile organic compounds (VOC) in finished water supplies using groundwater in the U.S.A. were monitored. Samples were collected from 466 randomly selected communities and from 479 communities selected by state agencies. Trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene and 1,1,1-trichloroethane were most commonly detected. The percentage of supplies containing at least 1 VOC above the specified limits ranged from 16.8 to 37.3 per cent. The percentage of supplies containing more than 5 ug per litre VOC in finished water ranged from 2.9 to 17.7 per cent. The upper and lower limit values depended on the randomness of samples and the population being served. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Westrick, J J AU - Mello, J W AU - Thomas, R F AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 52 EP - 59 VL - 76 IS - 5 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13839333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=The+Groundwater+Supply+Survey&rft.au=Westrick%2C+J+J%3BMello%2C+J+W%3BThomas%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Westrick&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of ammonia to early life stages of the green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus AN - 13839317; 198403907 AB - One chronic and four acute exposure laboratory studies are described. In the chronic study, exposure to a series of ammonia concentrations was conducted from the blastula stage to 40 days post hatching. In the acute studies, juveniles were exposed at pH values of 6.6, 7.2, 7.7, and 8.7, with observations recorded up to 96 h. In chronic tests hatching success was unaffected up to 0.9 mg per litre, growth was inhibited at 0.49 mg per litre and all larvae died within 10 days at 1.02 mg per litre. In acute tests hyperactivity, loss of equilibrium and death at higher concentrations were observed. An acute to chronic ratio of 4.06 was calculated. JF - Environmental Pollution (Series A) AU - McCormick, J H AU - Broderius, S J AU - Fiandt, J T AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 147 EP - 163 VL - 36 IS - 2 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13839317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%28Series+A%29&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+ammonia+to+early+life+stages+of+the+green+sunfish+Lepomis+cyanellus&rft.au=McCormick%2C+J+H%3BBroderius%2C+S+J%3BFiandt%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=McCormick&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%28Series+A%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis of mutagenic extracts of aqueous chlorinated humic acid. A comparison of the byproducts to drinking water contaminants AN - 13836650; 198500318 AB - Halogenated compounds other than trihalomethanes are formed during chlorination of drinking water and humic substances, but these compounds have been difficult to identify. Details are given of equipment and procedures developed for the isolation, identification, and quantification of mutagenic compounds in methylene-chloride and ether extracts of chlorinated humic acids that gave positive results in the Ames mutagenicity test. The procedures used included derivatization, solvent extraction, closed-loop stripping, and computer-associated column gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Details of the compounds identified, together with the method of isolation used and their mass spectra, are summarized in a table. The mutagenic compounds identified were similar to those found previously in chlorinated drinking water, suggesting that the reaction of chlorine with natural aquatic humic material might be the source of mutagens in drinking water. Some preliminary data are also included on the compounds produced by chlorination of humic acid in the presence of bromine. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Coleman, W E AU - Munch, J W AU - Kaylor, W H AU - Streicher, R P AU - Ringhand, H P AU - Meier, J R AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 674 EP - 681 VL - 18 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Columns KW - Equipment KW - Methylene chloride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13836650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectroscopy+analysis+of+mutagenic+extracts+of+aqueous+chlorinated+humic+acid.+A+comparison+of+the+byproducts+to+drinking+water+contaminants&rft.au=Coleman%2C+W+E%3BMunch%2C+J+W%3BKaylor%2C+W+H%3BStreicher%2C+R+P%3BRinghand%2C+H+P%3BMeier%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=674&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High resolution PCB analysis: Synthesis and chromatographic properties of all 209 PCB congeners AN - 13836318; S198515230 AB - The synthesis and spectroscopic properties of all mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, and heptachlorobiphenyls are reported. The retention times and molar response factors of all 209 PCB congeners were determined relative to a reference standard, octachloronaphthalene. The retention times were generally found to increase with increasing chlorine content and, for a series of isomers, with increasing meta and para and decreasing ortho substitution. 187 PCB congeners could be separated on a fused silica capillary column coated with SE-54 and only 11 pairs of compounds could not be fully resolved. High resolution isomer-specific PCB analysis is a feasible option for the identification and quantitation of individual PCB in commercial mixtures and environmental samples. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Mullin, MD AU - Pochini, C M AU - McCrindle, S AU - Romkes, M AU - Safe, SH AU - Safe, L M AD - U.S. EPA, Grosse Ile, Mich. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 468 EP - 476 VL - 18 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Di- (see also without prefix) KW - Ortho- (see also without prefix) KW - Penta- (see also without prefix) KW - Reduction KW - Tri- (seealso without prefix) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13836318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=High+resolution+PCB+analysis%3A+Synthesis+and+chromatographic+properties+of+all+209+PCB+congeners&rft.au=Mullin%2C+MD%3BPochini%2C+C+M%3BMcCrindle%2C+S%3BRomkes%2C+M%3BSafe%2C+SH%3BSafe%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Mullin&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=468&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental respiratory carcinogenesis in small laboratory animals. AN - 13836146; 695719 AB - This review addresses, primarily, the effects of inhaled chemicals, with the exception of radioactive compounds, upon induction of respiratory tract cancer in small laboratory animals. With certain chemicals such as vinyl chloride, where lung tumors are not always the major endpoint, a discussion of tumors at other locations is also included. Studies not included are those in which respiratory tract tumors have been induced by means other than inhalation, inhalation toxicology studies designed to address nononcogenic endpoints, or studies of such short duration that the development of lung tumors would be considered very unlikely. JF - Environmental Research AU - Pepelko, W E AD - Environ. Criteria and Assess. Off., U.S. EPA, 26 West St. Clair, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 144 EP - 188 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - organic compounds KW - vinyl chloride KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - laboratory animals KW - reviews KW - carcinogenesis KW - respiratory tract KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13836146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Experimental+respiratory+carcinogenesis+in+small+laboratory+animals.&rft.au=Pepelko%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Pepelko&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews; carcinogenesis; respiratory tract; laboratory animals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A method for establishing site-specific stream design flows for wasteload allocations AN - 13834504; S198516847 AB - Details are given of the development of a method for determining stream design flows for use in studies on water quality modelling. The result predicts an optimal design flow for the final chronic value of any pollutant, and the allocated waste loads based on this design flow and on the final chronic value of the pollutant should meet current water quality criteria. In developing the method, consideration was given to the protection of aquatic life, the variability of pollutant toxicity, the variability of flow in the receiving stream, and the ease of implementation. Methodology for using this approach for selection of short-term acute design flow and long-term chronic design flow is outlined, and an example of its application is included. The limitations of the method are indicated. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Biswas, H AU - Bell, BA AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 1123 EP - 1130 VL - 56 IS - 10 KW - Jn - journal wpcf KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13834504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=A+method+for+establishing+site-specific+stream+design+flows+for+wasteload+allocations&rft.au=Biswas%2C+H%3BBell%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Biswas&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coliphages as indicators of enteroviruses AN - 13834062; 198500289 AB - Coliphages were monitored in conjunction with indicator bacteria and enteroviruses in a drinking water plant modified to reduce trihalomethane production. Results indicated that coliphages may partially satisfy the criteria proposed for an ideal microbial indicator of pathogens. Coliphage and enterovirus concentrations persisted and fluctuated in a similar pattern, coliphage concentrations in source water and throughout treatment before chlorination (which caused total removal of detectable viruses) were in excess of enterovirus concentrations, water treatment processes removed coliphages and enteroviruses at a similar rate and coliphages were easily quantified by a simple, economical procedure applicable to most water types. Recovery efficiency varied from 1 to 53 per cent for different filter types. Enteroviruses were better correlated with coliphages than with total coliforms, faecal coliforms, faecal streptococci or standard plate count organisms. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Stetler, R E AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 668 EP - 670 VL - 48 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13834062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Coliphages+as+indicators+of+enteroviruses&rft.au=Stetler%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Stetler&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=668&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and effects of pentachlorophenol in hard- and soft-water microcosms AN - 13832770; 198501472 AB - The influence of hard and soft water on the fate and effects of pentachlorophenol was investigated in small laboratory ecosystems. Only minor differences in the fate of pentachlorophenol and minor changes in ecosystem structure and function were noted. Definite differences in oxygen production were observed, with soft water systems more highly affected at exposures of 4 mg pentachlorophenol per litre. Dissolved silica was the only nutrient that responded differently in hard and soft waters and was significantly affected by pentachlorophenol; it is suggested as a possible parameter for detecting the low level effects of toxicants in some systems. JF - Chemosphere AU - Brockway, D L AU - Smith, P D AU - Stancil, F E AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 1363 EP - 1377 VL - 13 IS - 12 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13832770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Fate+and+effects+of+pentachlorophenol+in+hard-+and+soft-water+microcosms&rft.au=Brockway%2C+D+L%3BSmith%2C+P+D%3BStancil%2C+F+E&rft.aulast=Brockway&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pre- and postweaning indices of neurotoxicity in rats: Effects of triethyltin (TET). AN - 13831895; 692474 AB - Pre- and postweaning measures of learning and locomotor activity were used as indices of CNS function after early perinatal neurotoxic insult. Triethyltin (0.0, 3.0, or 6.0 mg/kg, ip) administered on Postnatal Day 5 (PND5) was used as the neurotoxicant. Learning deficits and alterations in locomotor activity were observed during both the pre- and postweaning periods. Preweaning learning ability was evaluated with an appetitive alleyway paradigm, while an automated radial-arm maze (RAM) was used to assess juvenile learning. On PND13, there was a dose-related decrease in locomotion over home-cage litter while all groups exhibited equivalent low rats of locomotion in the absence of home-cage cues. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Miller, D B AD - Neurotoxicol. Div. (MD-74B), Health Effect Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 557 EP - 565 VL - 72 IS - 3 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - assays KW - triethyltin KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - neurotoxicity KW - neonates KW - locomotion KW - learning behavior KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13831895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Pre-+and+postweaning+indices+of+neurotoxicity+in+rats%3A+Effects+of+triethyltin+%28TET%29.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; toxicity testing; locomotion; learning behavior; neonates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GAC treatment costs: a sensitivity analysis AN - 13831806; 198500328 AB - The sensitivity of granular activated carbon (GAC) system costs to changes in operating variables was examined. The important variables were identified as system configuration, loading rate and size , regeneration frequency, local construction and operating costs, inflation and carbon use rate . The sensitivities to these variables were analysed with the aid of graphical representations so that design changes could make the most efficient use of capital . For a given empty bed contact time, the minimal cost was incurred by using fewer contactors of greater volume. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Clark, R M AU - Eilers, R G AU - Lykins, B W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 737 EP - 750 VL - 110 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13831806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=GAC+treatment+costs%3A+a+sensitivity+analysis&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BEilers%2C+R+G%3BLykins%2C+B+W&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Cost Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sampling the oceans for pollution: Extraction of facts from marine scientists in the cold under high pressure. AN - 13831700; 698615 AB - We usually sample the oceans and their resources as part of an attempt to determine their condition and to predict how it may be altered by some proposed human activity. In the oceans, as in space exploration, we measure what we know how to measure and relate our measurements to phenomena that we can recognize. We see more difference than similarities, and we probably are ignoring more happenings than we perceive. Even so, over the years we have developed a body of empirical knowledge that is useful in making ordered choices among ocean use alternatives. We often are forced by circumstance to make temporal choices about alternative ocean uses. Temporal choices are imperfect, and reasonable people disagree on what it means to err on the side of environmental protection. Conflicting ocean uses, and their several constituencies are the most common reasons for scientist' involvement in marine public policy. JF - DANG. PROPER. INDUST. MATER. REP. AU - Prager, J C AU - Heltshe, J AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett Environ. Res. Lab., Narragansett, RI, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 2 EP - 10 VL - 4 IS - 2 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - marine pollution KW - oceans KW - environmental protection KW - sampling methods KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13831700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DANG.+PROPER.+INDUST.+MATER.+REP.&rft.atitle=Sampling+the+oceans+for+pollution%3A+Extraction+of+facts+from+marine+scientists+in+the+cold+under+high+pressure.&rft.au=Prager%2C+J+C%3BHeltshe%2C+J&rft.aulast=Prager&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=DANG.+PROPER.+INDUST.+MATER.+REP.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental protection; oceans; sampling methods; marine pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and effects of atrazine in small aquatic microcosms. AN - 13831636; 694474 AB - The objectives of this study were to determine the fate and effects of atrazine on small laboratory microcosms, to evaluate the resilience of the systems after removal of the atrazine, and to compare the responses of different types of test systems to the herbicide. This study was carried out with mixed biota communities in either continous-flow aquaria or static beakers. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Brockway, D L AU - Smith, P D AU - Stancil, F E AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 345 EP - 353 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - aquatic ecosystems KW - atrazine KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - ecosystem resilience KW - environmental impact KW - herbicides KW - fate KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - D 04802:Pollution characteristics and fate KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13831636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Fate+and+effects+of+atrazine+in+small+aquatic+microcosms.&rft.au=Brockway%2C+D+L%3BSmith%2C+P+D%3BStancil%2C+F+E&rft.aulast=Brockway&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ecosystem resilience; herbicides; environmental impact; fate; aquatic ecosystems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - VOCs in drinking water: cost of removal AN - 13830393; 198501514 AB - In view of the increasing pollution of groundwater with volatile organic compounds, the efficiencies of three methods of removing several such compounds from water were compared, and the costs of treatment estimated. The methods studied were adsorption on granular activated carbon, tower aeration, and diffused-air aeration. Where it could be applied, tower aeration was the most cost-effective method of removal, and it was also the least expensive over a wide range of removal percentages. In some cases , however, where compounds of high molecular weight were involved, adsorption on granular activated carbon might be the best option. This process was most cost-effective for low percentage removals at small capacity; provision of home units might be less expensive than central treatment. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Clark, R M AU - Eilers, R G AU - Goodrich, JA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 1146 EP - 1162 VL - 110 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13830393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=VOCs+in+drinking+water%3A+cost+of+removal&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BEilers%2C+R+G%3BGoodrich%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Cost Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Results of a survey of BGM cell culture practices AN - 13826569; S198618485 AB - A survey of the methods used by 98 laboratories in 16 countries to assay human viruses, was carried out in 1979 using BGM (Buffalo African green monkey kidney) cell lines originally provided by the U.S. EPA. None of the 58 laboratories that replied used identical methodology and it was obvious that significantly different results would be obtained by the different methods. The need for implementing uniform cell culture techniques for the enumeration and identification of viruses was stressed. JF - Environment International AU - Dahling AU - Safferman, R S AU - Wright, BA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 309 EP - 313 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - Stress KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13826569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Results+of+a+survey+of+BGM+cell+culture+practices&rft.au=Dahling%3BSafferman%2C+R+S%3BWright%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Dahling&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground water quality in the aquifer of the Upper Mad river valley 1940 to 1983 AN - 13821847; S198619433 AB - More than 40 years of groundwater quality monitoring data from the Upper Mad river valley aquifer have been accumulated in Ohio. Statistical analysis has indicated that there have been moderate increases in total dissolved solids, sulphate, fluoride, calcium, magnesium and potassium. Higher increases were discovered for chloride and sodium, which were attributed to deicing salt, and for sulphate and potassium which were attributed to fertilizer use. Most recent data appeared to indicate improvements in sulphate and potassium levels but interpretation difficulties have emphasised the need for an integrated environmental monitoring program. JF - Ground Water Monitoring Review AU - Pennino, J D AD - Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 27 EP - 38 VL - 4 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13821847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.atitle=Ground+water+quality+in+the+aquifer+of+the+Upper+Mad+river+valley+1940+to+1983&rft.au=Pennino%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Pennino&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro study of embryotoxic and dysmorphogenic effects of mercuric chloride and methylmercury chloride in the rat. AN - 13816217; 673139 AB - Rat-embryo explants removed on day 10.5 of gestation were cultured for 48 hr in various concentrations of HgCl sub(2), CH3)HgCl or glutathione. Dose-related dysmorphogenesis and growth retardation occurred with increasing concentrations of HgCl sub(2). Increasing concentrations of CH sub(3)HgCl produced a similar pattern of embryonic effects. The rat-serum incubation medium had no detectable level of reduced glutathione and only 0.12 mM total sulphydryl groups. Reduced glutathione added to the incubation medium was relatively non-toxic. The addition of exogenous glutathione to culture medium containing HgCl sub(2) partially antagonized the embryonic growth retardation and prevented most of the embryolethality observed in cultures to which only HgCl sub(2) had been added. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Ebron, M T AU - Svendsgaard, D AD - Exper. Biol. Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 31 EP - 37 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - association KW - morphogenesis KW - mercuric chloride KW - methylmercuric chloride KW - rats KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - morphology KW - teratogens KW - teratogenicity KW - X 24165:Biochemistry KW - H SM5.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13816217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+study+of+embryotoxic+and+dysmorphogenic+effects+of+mercuric+chloride+and+methylmercury+chloride+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BEbron%2C+M+T%3BSvendsgaard%2C+D&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rats; teratogenicity; toxicity; teratogens; morphology; morphogenesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intercomparisons of analytical methodology and laboratory capabilities between Soviet and American laboratories - 1973 to 1977 AN - 13812531; S198721428 AB - As part of the U.S./U.S.S.R. joint agreement on environmental protection', aquatic samples were analysed by both the Soviet Hydrometeorological Service and the U.S. EPA, to evaluate the comparability of analytical methodologies and laboratory capabilities of the two countries. Between 1973 and 1977, samples were exchanged between the two countries, including water and sediment samples from Baikal lake, sediment from Corpus Christi bay (Gulf of Mexico), and standard reference samples from the U.S. EPA. For most parameters of environmental significance, the results from the analyses by both countries were comparable. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Mullin, MD AU - Matveyev, AA AU - Anikanov, A M AD - U.S. EPA, Grosse Ile, Mich. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 254 EP - 260 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - Analysis KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13812531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Intercomparisons+of+analytical+methodology+and+laboratory+capabilities+between+Soviet+and+American+laboratories+-+1973+to+1977&rft.au=Mullin%2C+MD%3BMatveyev%2C+AA%3BAnikanov%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Mullin&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=254&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reservation of water for future use AN - 13811051; S198720627 AB - In the State of Washington, the reservation of water for future beneficial use is specifically authorized by law. The guidance and the reservation procedures laid down for the reservation of water for public water supply for domestic and municipal-type uses are outlined. Some questions and issues requiring further consideration are presented briefly. JF - Proceedings AWWA Annual Conference. Dallas, Tex. AU - Fiedler, G H AU - Wallace, E F AD - Office of Water & Land Programmes, Olympia, Wash. Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 507 EP - 513 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13811051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+AWWA+Annual+Conference.+Dallas%2C+Tex.&rft.atitle=Reservation+of+water+for+future+use&rft.au=Fiedler%2C+G+H%3BWallace%2C+E+F&rft.aulast=Fiedler&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=507&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+AWWA+Annual+Conference.+Dallas%2C+Tex.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A one mgd ion exchange plant for removal of nitrate from well water AN - 13810327; S198720640 AB - McFarland, Calif., a community of about 6000 people, is supplied with groundwater. The extensive agricultural activities in the area, involving the use of nitrogenous fertilizers, has resulted in a high nitrate concentration in the water. To overcome this problem, the use of one well has been discontinued, 2 new deeper wells have been constructed, and a treatment plant has been built for removal of nitrate from the water by anion exchange on Duolite A-101-D resin. Plant operation is controlled automatically by means of a microprocessor. Brine from regeneration of the resin is discharged to the local sewage works, which provides treatment by aerated lagooning; the effluent is used for agricultural irrigation and the effects of the brine on effluent quality are being monitored. Experience in operation and performance of the plant is discussed, and costs are estimated. JF - Proceedings AWWA Annual Conference. Dallas, Tex. AU - Lauch, R P AU - Guter, G A AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 713 EP - 731 KW - Duolite KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13810327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+AWWA+Annual+Conference.+Dallas%2C+Tex.&rft.atitle=A+one+mgd+ion+exchange+plant+for+removal+of+nitrate+from+well+water&rft.au=Lauch%2C+R+P%3BGuter%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Lauch&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+AWWA+Annual+Conference.+Dallas%2C+Tex.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Summary of GAC research at several water utilities AN - 13809740; S198720614 AB - The U.S. EPA has initiated several field-scale projects to investigate the performance of granular activated carbon treating water from different sources under various operating conditions. The results of the tests at 9 locations are outlined, including comparison of several virgin carbons, prediction of full-scale performance from pilot-scale studies, effect of empty-bed contact time, regeneration of spent carbon, and treatment costs. JF - Proceedings AWWA Annual Conference. Dallas, Tex. AU - Lykins, B W AU - Adams, J Q AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 279 EP - 294 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13809740?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+AWWA+Annual+Conference.+Dallas%2C+Tex.&rft.atitle=Summary+of+GAC+research+at+several+water+utilities&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BAdams%2C+J+Q&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+AWWA+Annual+Conference.+Dallas%2C+Tex.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conditions and ways of developing the water economy in agriculture in low-lying areas AN - 13807935; S198721773 AB - Specific characteristics of low-lying areas and polders formed as a result of geomorphological differences and technological and economic development are described in detail. The stages of constructing polders, which were formed with the help of dykes followed by mechanical drainage of the designated area, are described. The connection between dykes and polderization and between drainage and polderization is described in detail. Polder systems guaranteed the existence of low-lying areas, enabling them to be populated and production of crops and animals to be optimized. The necessity for modernization of polder systems was underlined. JF - Gospodarka Wodna AU - Cebulak, K AD - Office of Water Drainage Projects, Gdansk Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 152 EP - 155 IS - 5 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13807935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gospodarka+Wodna&rft.atitle=Conditions+and+ways+of+developing+the+water+economy+in+agriculture+in+low-lying+areas&rft.au=Cebulak%2C+K&rft.aulast=Cebulak&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gospodarka+Wodna&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Polish DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of Henriksen's "acidification indicator" and "predictor nomograph" to two Adirondack lakes. AN - 13797893; 659922 AB - During the period 1977-1980 the authors studied the effects of highly acidic precipitation (mean pH 4.1 to 4.2) on the chemistry of three Adirondack lakes: Woods Lake, Panther Lake, and Sagamore Lake. Two of these lakes (Woods and Panther) are enough like those lakes of southern Sweden and Norway studied by Henriksen that they should constitute a valid test of his "acidification indicator" and "predictor nomograph". Their principal finding is that with regard to the empirical line of the acidification indicator (that Henriksen found separated data from lakes receiving precipitation greater or less than pH 4.6) and with the precipitation pH axis of the predictor nomograph, these two methods of evaluation are not directly applicable "as is" to our lakes. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Church, M R AU - Galloway, J N AD - U.S. EPA, CERL, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1984 PY - 1984 DA - 1984 SP - 111 EP - 120 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - USA, Adirondack Mts. KW - acid precipitation KW - freshwater lakes KW - performance assessment KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - lakes KW - statistical analysis KW - Freshwater KW - acid rain KW - freshwater pollution KW - acidification KW - Q2:09442 KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13797893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Application+of+Henriksen%27s+%22acidification+indicator%22+and+%22predictor+nomograph%22+to+two+Adirondack+lakes.&rft.au=Church%2C+M+R%3BGalloway%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1984-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - freshwater lakes; statistical analysis; lakes; freshwater pollution; acidification; performance assessment; acid rain; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative Source Contributions of Diet and Air to Ingested Asbestos Exposure AN - 18980707; 8502711 AB - The potential relative source contributions of diet, air and drinking water sources to ingested asbestos exposure are discussed. Information gaps in this area exist that preclude an accurate measure of the total ingested load of asbestos. Along with possible asbestos in food products and in the air, asbestos is also present in drinking water. The mean asbestos concentrations from a large number of drinking water sources in the United States have been reported to range from below detectable limits to over 1 billion fibers/liter. Most asbestos concentrations were below detectable limits or not statistically significant. Only 11% were greater than 1,000,000f/liter. Several different analyses of waterborne asbestos have been made and are tabulated. It might prove useful in the future studies to have geographic site-specific data on both ambient water and air concentrations of asbestos in order to make an accurate comparison of the relative contribution of each source to ingested asbestos exposure. (Baker-IVI) JF - Environmental Health Perspectives Vol. 53, p 115-120, November, 1983. 5 Tab, 24 Ref. AU - Rowe, J N AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances Y1 - 1983/11// PY - 1983 DA - Nov 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Asbestos KW - Drinking water KW - Epidemiology KW - Public health KW - Foods KW - Air pollution KW - Carcinogens KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18980707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Relative+Source+Contributions+of+Diet+and+Air+to+Ingested+Asbestos+Exposure&rft.au=Rowe%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Rowe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing Epidemiologic Studies of Ingested Asbestos for Use in Risk Assessment AN - 18980384; 8502710 AB - Risk assessment studies make use of epidemiologic data in various ways to calculate the dose-response relationship between exposure levels and adverse effects; to establish ranges of exposure known to be safe or unsafe; to verify an endpoint in humans derived from a route or species extrapolation; to support assumptions necessary for performing extrapolation procedures. Cohort studies of inhalation exposure were used to devise the EPA 's Ambient Water Quality Criteria (AWQC) for Asbestos. Epidemiological studies of ingested asbestos, all of geographical correlation design, were compared on the basis of their ability to add information in support of both the route extrapolation and low-dose extrapolation used in this risk assessment. (Baker-IVI) JF - Environmental Health Perspectives Vol. 53, p 99-104, November, 1983. 4 Tab, 16 Ref. AU - Erdreich, L S AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office Y1 - 1983/11// PY - 1983 DA - Nov 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Asbestos KW - Drinking water KW - Epidemiology KW - Public health KW - Cancer KW - Human diseases KW - Water quality control KW - Carcinogens KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18980384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Comparing+Epidemiologic+Studies+of+Ingested+Asbestos+for+Use+in+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Erdreich%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Erdreich&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1983-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Engineering and Operating Approaches for Controlling Asbestos Fibers in Drinking Water AN - 18977419; 8502714 AB - Research efforts related to water filtration and the protection or rehabilitation of asbestos-cement (AC) pipe that transmits aggressive water are described. When asbestos fibers are present in the source water, filtration plants can be designed and operated to remove most of the fibers using diatomaceous earth filters and granular media filters. When AC pipe is used to transmit aggressive water, formation of a coating on the pipe wall can decrease the extent of deterioration of the pipe and the erosion of fibers from the pipe wall into the water. Water distribution system research revealed that utility operating practices can influence asbestos fiber concentration in drinking water. Drilling and tapping can introduce asbestos-containing debris into the distribution system unless pipe fragments are flushed out under pressure during the tapping process. After asbestos-containing debris has accumulated in the low-flow or dead-end areas of distribution systems, flushing such water mains can cause unusually high fiber counts. (Baker-IVI) JF - Environmental Health Perspectives Vol. 53, p 169-176, November, 1983. 3 Fig, 3 Tab, 19 Ref. AU - Logsdon, G S AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1983/11// PY - 1983 DA - Nov 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Asbestos KW - Pipes KW - Asbestos cement KW - Drinking water KW - Filtration KW - Water distribution KW - Linings KW - Coatings KW - Agressive water KW - Drilling KW - Tapping KW - Flushing KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18977419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Engineering+and+Operating+Approaches+for+Controlling+Asbestos+Fibers+in+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Logsdon%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Logsdon&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1983-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiology Study of the Use of Asbestos-Cement Pipe for the Distribution of Drinking Water in Escambia County, Florida AN - 18974683; 8502709 AB - Cancer mortality for the population census tracts of Escambia County, Florida was compared with cancer mortality data collected from census tracts elsewhere within the same county. In the first group asbestos-cement (AC) pipe was used for public potable water distribution. In the second group other types of piping material are used. The differences in standard mortality ratios for seven cancer sites among three potential asbestos exposure groups based on AC pipe usage was tested using an analysis of covariance. Twelve variables representing nonexposure-related influences on disease rates were combined in four independent factors and used as covariates in these analyses. To the level of sensitivity imposed by the limitations of the study no evidence was found for an association between the use of AC pipe for carrying drinking water and deaths due to gastrointestinal and related cancers in Escambia County, Florida. (Baker-IVI) JF - Environmental Health Perspectives Vol. 53, p 91-98, November, 1983. 2 Fig, 7 Tab, 15 Ref. AU - Millette, J R AU - Craun, G F AU - Stober, JA AU - Kraemer, D F AU - Tousignant, H G AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Toxicology and Microbiology Div Y1 - 1983/11// PY - 1983 DA - Nov 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Asbestos cement KW - Pipes KW - Drinking water KW - Epidemiology KW - Escambia County KW - Florida KW - Public health KW - Human diseases KW - Cancer KW - Water pollution effects KW - Mortality KW - Asbestos KW - Carcinogens KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18974683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Epidemiology+Study+of+the+Use+of+Asbestos-Cement+Pipe+for+the+Distribution+of+Drinking+Water+in+Escambia+County%2C+Florida&rft.au=Millette%2C+J+R%3BCraun%2C+G+F%3BStober%2C+JA%3BKraemer%2C+D+F%3BTousignant%2C+H+G&rft.aulast=Millette&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composite Samples Overestimate Waste Loads AN - 18966906; 8402603 AB - Composite samples are generally believed to be more representative than grab samples of process stream average performance. If flows and concentrations are uncorrelated and lack autocorrelation, the same applies to the mean concentration of grabs and composites. However, the true variance of flow proportional (FP) composites is larger than that of grab samples or time proportional to flow (TP) composites. Loads computed from FP composites are biased because of the volume weighting of subsamples during FP composting. When flows and concentrations are correlated, then volume proportional to flow (VP) and TP composites produce biased estimates of the mean and variance of concentrations, as well as of loads. The bias arising from the correlation between flow and concentration substantially exceeds that arising from proportioning. As a result, regulatory monitoring data obtained from composite samples must be viewed with suspicion. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation Vol. 55, No. 11, p 1387-1392, November, 1983. 4 Tab, 13 Ref. AU - Schaeffer, D J AU - Kerster, H W AU - Bauer AU - Rees, K AU - McCormick, S AD - Illinois State Environmental Protection Agency Springfield. Div. of Water Pollution Control Y1 - 1983/11// PY - 1983 DA - Nov 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sampling KW - Composite samples KW - Waste loads KW - Estimating KW - Wastewater treatment facilities KW - Monitoring KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18966906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Composite+Samples+Overestimate+Waste+Loads&rft.au=Schaeffer%2C+D+J%3BKerster%2C+H+W%3BBauer%3BRees%2C+K%3BMcCormick%2C+S&rft.aulast=Schaeffer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multimedia Modeling of Transport and Transformation of Contaminants AN - 19029302; 8708181 AB - Passage of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and the Comprehensive Environmental Compensation and Liability Act has focused research efforts on environmental problems associated with the disposal of solid wastes. Methods for predicting human and environmental exposure to chemicals disposed of in landfills are being investigated. Multimedia models for predicting environmental concentrations are being developed to provide a means of estimating environmental concentrations of substances released into the environment from landfills. The role of multimedia models in estimating exposure to pollutants released from landfills is defined in this chapter. Major issues addressed include optimization of temporal and spatial scales of application in each medium, and data requirements to calibrate and use the components of exposure assessment. Major research gaps that must be addressed to improve exposure estimates are: (1) lack of knowledge of chemical transformation pathways and rates within the landfill and groundwater; (2) validation and testing of existing multimedia models; and (3) linkage of these models with other analyses required to estimate exposure. (See also W87-08166) (Author 's abstract) JF - Environment and Solid Wastes: Characterization, Treatment, and Disposal. Proceedings of the Fourth Life Sciences Symposium, Environment and Solid Wastes, Gatlinburg, Tennessee October 4-8, 1981. Butterworth Publishers, Boston, Massachusetts. 1983. p 223-238, 3 fig, 1 tab, 9 ref. AU - Falco, J W AU - Mulkey, LA AU - Schaum, J AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1983/10// PY - 1983 DA - Oct 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Path of pollutants KW - Model studies KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Solid wastes KW - Waste disposal KW - Landfills KW - Spatial distribution KW - Temporal distribution KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19029302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Multimedia+Modeling+of+Transport+and+Transformation+of+Contaminants&rft.au=Falco%2C+J+W%3BMulkey%2C+LA%3BSchaum%2C+J&rft.aulast=Falco&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of Water Demands Using Deficit Analysis AN - 18967316; 8401465 AB - Competition for water among governmental entities with common river systems has become increasingly fierce. This competition will no doubt become even more fierce as populations continue to grow and become increasingly dispersed. One of the major issues involved in water resource availability is the construction of reservoirs to provide continuous and dependable water supply. Historically, the approach to reservoir ' sizing ' is based on comparing the lowest historical system flow against the highest water demands anticipated. More recently stochastic techniques have been used to estimate water yield. This paper uses a technique, ' deficit analysis, ' that matches available flow versus actual and/or projected demands. If demand exceeds available flow, a deficit occurs that must be satisfied by flow augmentation or reservoir capacity. Standard techniques such as the Ripple procedure or routing techniques can reveal total amounts of water required. By studying the shape and timing of deficits important additional design information can be gained. The technique is applied in a case study context to reservoir selection in the Washington D.C. Metropolitan Area. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management Vol. 109, No. 4, p 271-286, October, 1983. 8 Fig, 8 Tab, 12 Ref. AU - Clark, R M AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Gillean, JI AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1983/10// PY - 1983 DA - Oct 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water demand KW - Water resources development KW - Reservoir sizing KW - Streamflow KW - Deficit analysis KW - River basin development KW - SW 4040:Water demand UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18967316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+Water+Demands+Using+Deficit+Analysis&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BGillean%2C+JI&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Science, Risk, and Public Policy AN - 61071434; 85O5684 AB - A climate of fear now dominates the discussion of environmental issues. The scientific community can help alleviate this fear by making a greater effort to explain to the public the uncertainties involved in estimates of risk. Current statutory mandates designed to protect public health both demand levels of protection that technology cannot achieve & are uncoordinated across government agencies. A common statutory framework for dealing with environmental risks is needed. In addition, care must be taken to separate the scientific process of assessing risk from the use of such assessment, together with economic & policy considerations, in the management of risks through regulatory action. HA. JF - Science AU - Ruckelshaus, William D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC 20460 Y1 - 1983/09/09/ PY - 1983 DA - 1983 Sep 09 SP - 1026 EP - 1028 VL - 221 IS - 4615 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - environmental risk assessment KW - scientists' role, public policy KW - Science/Sciences (see also Scientific) KW - Public policy KW - Environment/Environments/ Environmental/ Environmentally KW - article KW - 2656: environmental interactions; environmental interactions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61071434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Science%2C+Risk%2C+and+Public+Policy&rft.au=Ruckelshaus%2C+William+D&rft.aulast=Ruckelshaus&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1983-09-09&rft.volume=221&rft.issue=4615&rft.spage=1026&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environment/Environments/ Environmental/ Environmentally; Science/Sciences (see also Scientific); Public policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Holding Time and Temperature on Coliform Numbers in Drinking Water AN - 18965495; 8402670 AB - Samples collected from a municipal distribution system were split, stored at ambient temperature (22 degrees C), and refrigerator temperature (5 degrees C) and analyzed over time for total coliform and heterotrophic bacterial densities. Coliform populations declined significantly at both temperatures after 24 hours. The rate of decline was 2.5 orders of magnitude greater at 22 degrees C than at 5 degrees C. Average losses in 24 hours were 34% at 5 degrees C and 87% at 22 degrees C. Growth and interference of heterotrophic bacteria with coliform colonies on membrane filter plates were frequently observed for samples held at ambient temperature for 30 hours. A model based on actual coliform recovery was developed to predict initial coliform counts in samples held at various times before examination. For the waters examined, samples held at 22 degrees C for 30 hours with initial coliform counts as high as 100/100 mL could have been reported as satisfactory, thus resulting in inaccurate and misleading information. (Baker-IVI) JF - Research and Technology Vol. 75, No. 9, p 458-463, September, 1983. 5 Fig, 4 Tab, 15 Ref. AU - McDaniels, A E AU - Bordner, R H AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office Y1 - 1983/09// PY - 1983 DA - Sep 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Coliforms KW - Drinking water KW - Water analysis KW - Bacteria KW - Water quality control KW - Potable water KW - Sampling KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18965495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Holding+Time+and+Temperature+on+Coliform+Numbers+in+Drinking+Water&rft.au=McDaniels%2C+A+E%3BBordner%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=McDaniels&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1983-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid rain and the composition of drinking water from groundwater wells AN - 13855106; S198414078 AB - The possible effects of acid rain on the composition of groundwater are considered, with specific reference to the levels of arsenic, copper, iron and lead . Effects are mediated by a fall in pH and increased solubility of certain inorganic forms of these elements present in the infiltration zone. The composition of various phases, their solubility characteristics and reactivity in response to precipitation-induced changes in pH and redox potential are discussed with the aid of published data, including solubility diagrams for various mineral forms of iron, zinc and copper oxides, and hydrated forms of lead carbonate. The solubility of lead phosphate at different pH values is also suggested as a factor governing lead uptake and human body burdens of lead . JF - Heavy Metals in the Environment International Conference. Heidelberg, September AU - Khourey, C J AU - Varnes, A W AU - Matisoff, G AU - Hershey, C O AU - Hershey, L AU - McKinney, B M AU - Strain, W H AD - State of Ohio EPA, Twinsburg Y1 - 1983/09// PY - 1983 DA - Sep 1983 SP - 15 EP - 1269,15 VL - Volume-2 KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13855106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Heavy+Metals+in+the+Environment+International+Conference.+Heidelberg%2C+September&rft.atitle=Acid+rain+and+the+composition+of+drinking+water+from+groundwater+wells&rft.au=Khourey%2C+C+J%3BVarnes%2C+A+W%3BMatisoff%2C+G%3BHershey%2C+C+O%3BHershey%2C+L%3BMcKinney%2C+B+M%3BStrain%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Khourey&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1983-09-01&rft.volume=Volume-2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Heavy+Metals+in+the+Environment+International+Conference.+Heidelberg%2C+September&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urban Air Pollution and Morbidity: A Retrospective Approach AN - 755129644; 13500044 AB - Concern for efficiency in environmental policy and the recent Executive Order of the President have increased the importance of determining the risk of illness for exposure to urban air pollution. This paper uses data collected at the individual level to estimate the impact of air pollution on either work loss or days of restricted activity. The multiple regression analysis used in this study indicates that increases in air pollution are associated with increases in acute morbidity that result in work loss. In addition, the analysis suggests that urban factors, climate, and occupational exposure do not appear to confound the estimated relationship between air pollution and morbidity. JF - Urban Studies AU - Ostro, Bart AD - Office of Policy Analysis, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460 Y1 - 1983/08// PY - 1983 DA - Aug 1983 SP - 343 EP - 351 PB - Sage Publications, Inc., 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks CA 91320 USA VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0042-0980, 0042-0980 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755129644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Urban+Studies&rft.atitle=Urban+Air+Pollution+and+Morbidity%3A+A+Retrospective+Approach&rft.au=Ostro%2C+Bart&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft.date=1983-08-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Urban+Studies&rft.issn=00420980&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00420988320080571 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420988320080571 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precision and Accuracy in the Determination of Organics in Water by Fused Silica Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Packed Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry AN - 18975769; 8401583 AB - Two general methods for the identification and measurement of organic compounds in water are compared. One method employs packed column chromatography and the other fused silica capillary column chromatography. The two gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methods use different pH conditions for the liquid-liquid extractions with methylene chloride. Single laboratory total method accuracy and precision data are presented for over 80 analytes in water at the low parts per billion level. With the packed column method, 54% of the analytes have a mean recovery of 70% or more. With the capillary column method, 74% of the analytes have a mean recovery of 70% or greater. Both methods give mean relative standard deviations for concentration measurements of about 20%. (Author 's abstract) JF - Analytical Chemistry Vol. 55, No. 9, p 1471-1479, August, 1983. 5 Fig, 7 Tab, 16 Ref. AU - Eichelberger, J W AU - Kerns, E H AU - Olynyk, P AU - Budde, W L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Office of Research and Development Y1 - 1983/08// PY - 1983 DA - Aug 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Gas chromatography KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Organic compounds KW - Water analysis KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18975769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Precision+and+Accuracy+in+the+Determination+of+Organics+in+Water+by+Fused+Silica+Capillary+Column+Gas+Chromatography%2FMass+Spectrometry+and+Packed+Column+Gas+Chromatography%2FMass+Spectrometry&rft.au=Eichelberger%2C+J+W%3BKerns%2C+E+H%3BOlynyk%2C+P%3BBudde%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Eichelberger&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Analysis of Organohalides in Water - an Evaluation Update AN - 18965282; 8402669 AB - Data acquired during the routine use of an organic halide analyzer are presented. These data were used for judging the quality of measurements of total, purgeable, and nonpurgeable organic halides as well as judging the instrument 's dependability and ease of operation. The repeatability of results obtained during routine analysis was used to set criteria for accepting or rejecting data. Duplicates of samples containing a total organic halide (TOX) concentration of 25 micrograms Cl/liter or less were accepted if within 34% of one another. Duplicates of samples containing more than 25 micrograms of Cl/liter were accepted if within 16% of one another. The method for determining purgeable organic halides (POX) was compared with the purge and trap method for determining total trihalomethanes. A decrease or increase in TOX concentration of the sample during storage can adversely affect the quality of measurements. A two-week holding time was suggested to avoid problems with a decrease in TOX. Sodium sulfite crystals rather than highly unstable sodium sulfite in solution should be used for reducing residual chlorine. (Baker-IVI) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association Vol. 75, No. 8, p 431-434, August, 1983. 5 Tab, 6 Ref. AU - Dressman, R C AU - Stevens, A A AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1983/08// PY - 1983 DA - Aug 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water analysis KW - Organohalides KW - Organic compounds KW - Halides KW - Halogens KW - Chlorine KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Water quality control KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18965282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+Analysis+of+Organohalides+in+Water+-+an+Evaluation+Update&rft.au=Dressman%2C+R+C%3BStevens%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Dressman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of sediment-water interactions on phosphorus concentrations in Saginaw Bay, 1974-1980 AN - 51555017; 1984-005838 JF - Proceedings - Conference on Great Lakes Research AU - Dolan, David M AU - Bierman, Victor J, Jr AU - Gannon, John E Y1 - 1983/05// PY - 1983 DA - May 1983 SP - 31 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR) VL - 26 SN - 0045-8058, 0045-8058 KW - United States KW - North America KW - sediment-water interface KW - Lake Huron KW - pollution KW - fresh water KW - suspended materials KW - phosphorus KW - distribution KW - Saginaw Bay KW - models KW - mass balance KW - sediments KW - eutrophication KW - environmental geology KW - Great Lakes KW - Michigan KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51555017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Conference+on+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+sediment-water+interactions+on+phosphorus+concentrations+in+Saginaw+Bay%2C+1974-1980&rft.au=Dolan%2C+David+M%3BBierman%2C+Victor+J%2C+Jr%3BGannon%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Dolan&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1983-05-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Conference+on+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=00458058&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 26th conference on Great Lakes research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1984-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-06 N1 - CODEN - PCGRAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - distribution; environmental geology; eutrophication; fresh water; geochemistry; Great Lakes; Lake Huron; mass balance; Michigan; models; North America; phosphorus; pollution; Saginaw Bay; sediment-water interface; sediments; suspended materials; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Treatment of Dye and Pigment Processing Wastewater by the Activated Sludge Process AN - 18985566; 8505284 AB - In this ongoing treatability study, a dye and pigment processing wastewater was treated using powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition to both plug flow and complete mix pilot activated sludge systems which were operated at one solids retention time (SRT) (7-10 days) and 3 different PAC dosages. Addition of PAC to experimental units at a dosage greater than 1000 mg/l resulted in complete color removal, COD removals of approximately 96%, acute toxicity reduction, enhanced sludge settleability and increased system stability in both complete mix and plug flow units. Only slight differences in organics and color removal were observed between the PAC doses of 1000 and 1800 mg/l. It was also observed that PAC addition was not able to reduce influent TOC to less than approximately 80 mg/l SOC in the effluent. The complexity of the wastewater and the characteristics of PAC/activated sludge process (ASP) systems resulted in significant operational and analytical problems. High total suspended solids in the reactor created problems with obtaining representative samples and in analysis of these samples. The execution of the methods requires a more concentrated effort to provide meaningful data. No single gas chromatography methodology exists for such diverse wastewater. JF - Proceedings 37th Industrial Waste Conference, West Lafayette, IN, May 11-13, 1982. Purdue Univ., 1983. p 677-689. 5 Fig, 7 Tab, 18 Ref. AU - Shaul, G M AU - Barnett, M W AU - Dostal, KA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Lab Y1 - 1983/05// PY - 1983 DA - May 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Industrial wastewater KW - Dye industry Wastes KW - Pigments KW - Activated carbon KW - Retention time KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Activated sludge process KW - Gas chromatography KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18985566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Treatment+of+Dye+and+Pigment+Processing+Wastewater+by+the+Activated+Sludge+Process&rft.au=Shaul%2C+G+M%3BBarnett%2C+M+W%3BDostal%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Shaul&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1983-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal Pathways and Fate of Organic Priority Pollutants in Treatment Systems: Chemical Considerations AN - 18979815; 8505294 AB - The physical and chemical properties of organic pollutants coupled with the chemical nature of their water matrix govern their behavior and fate during treatment of primary effluent by activated sludge. There are basically 4 removal pathways possible during activated sludge treatment with only one most likely predominating for any one pollutant at any one point in time. These removal pathways consist of adsorption, air-stripping, biochemical oxidation and chemical reaction. Adsorption and air-stripping are nondestructive; biochemical oxidation and chemical reaction are destructive. Generally, larger, unreactive, polarizable and insoluble molecules are the most adsorptive, i.e., PCB, PNA (PAH) and phthalate esters. Smaller, volatile and less soluble molecules are most air-strippable, i.e., halogenated methane (fluorinated or chlorinated). Reactive aromatics of intermediate solubility, provided they possess no more than one substituted chloro- or nitro-group (applies strictly to priority pollutants) are highly biodegraded. Phenol is a good example. Certain compounds are so highly chemically reactive that they will chemically degrade or transform instantaneously prior to biodegradation. Certain substituted phenolics are examples. Adsorptive and chemical reaction pathways appear to be the most rapidly occurring and dominating processes, when conditions are most favorable for them. Air-stripping is next and finally biochemical oxidation is the slowest and least dominating of the four removal pathways. Compound solubility in water is a governing factor in establishing its removal pathway from water. JF - Proceedings 37th Industrial Waste Conference, West Lafayette, IN, May 11-13, 1982. Purdue Univ., 1983. p 813-823. 5 Tab, 14 Ref. AU - Strier, M P AU - Gallup, JE AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Water Regulations and Standards Y1 - 1983/05// PY - 1983 DA - May 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Wastewater treatment KW - Wastewater facilities KW - Activated sludge process KW - Organic wastes KW - Adsorption KW - Chemical reactions KW - Air stripping KW - Biochemical oxidation KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Phenols KW - Biodegradation KW - Phthalate esters KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18979815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Removal+Pathways+and+Fate+of+Organic+Priority+Pollutants+in+Treatment+Systems%3A+Chemical+Considerations&rft.au=Strier%2C+M+P%3BGallup%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Strier&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1983-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of dinoflagellate bioluminescence on the swimming behavior of a marine copepod 1 AN - 1808667034; PQ0003339033 AB - The horizontal swimming patterns of groups of Acartia hudsonica were tracked and described using a video-computer system. The patterns were compared in the presence of clones of bioluminescent and nonbioluminescent Protogonyaulax tamarensis. Bioluminescent dinoflagellates increased the number of high-speed swimming bursts by the copepods and thus decreased the amount of slow-speed swimming characteristic of their grazing behavior. With bioluminescent dinoflagellates, swimming paths were less circuitous and swimming speeds higher. This behavior may tend to move copepods away from bioluminescent dinoflagellates in nature. Both changes in swimming behavior should result in reduced grazing by the copepods on bioluminescent dinoflagellates. JF - Limnology and Oceanography AU - Buskey, Edward AU - Mills, Lesley AU - Swift, Elijah AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Laboratory So. Ferry Road Narragansett, R.I. 02882. Y1 - 1983/05// PY - 1983 DA - May 1983 SP - 575 EP - 579 PB - Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0024-3590, 0024-3590 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Limnology KW - Phytoplankton KW - Acartia hudsonica KW - Feeding behaviour KW - Dinoflagellates KW - Crustaceans (copepod) KW - Clones KW - Marine KW - Swimming KW - Swimming behavior KW - Bioluminescence KW - Grazing KW - Zooplankton KW - Protogonyaulax tamarensis KW - Oceanography KW - Behavior KW - Plankton KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - K 03490:Miscellaneous KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808667034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+dinoflagellate+bioluminescence+on+the+swimming+behavior+of+a+marine+copepod+1&rft.au=Buskey%2C+Edward%3BMills%2C+Lesley%3BSwift%2C+Elijah&rft.aulast=Buskey&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1983-05-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/10.4319%2Flo.1983.28.3.0575 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clones; Swimming; Feeding behaviour; Grazing; Bioluminescence; Zooplankton; Phytoplankton; Plankton; Swimming behavior; Dinoflagellates; Crustaceans (copepod); Behavior; Limnology; Oceanography; Protogonyaulax tamarensis; Acartia hudsonica; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1983.28.3.0575 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral matter and trace elements in the Herrin and Springfield Coals, Illinois Basin coal field AN - 51839878; 2004-041297 AB - Analytical data are given for 67 chemical elements and related parameters and 8 mineralogical components in 102 newly collected samples of coal from the Springfield and Herrin Coals, the two principal coal seams mined throughout the Illinois Basin Coal Field. (This field extends from Illinois into southwestern Indiana and western Kentucky.) These data were combined with equivalent data for 128 other samples studied previously (Gluskoter et al., 1977, Rao and Gluskoter, 1973, and Ward, 1977) to evaluate the statistical variation and areal distribution of impurities of potential environmental concern. The two seams studied account for more than 90 percent of the coal produced in the Illinois Basin Coal Field and about 75 percent of the identified coal reserves in this coal field. The samples analyzed represent the coal as it occurs in the ground, exclusive of major shale interbeds and large mineral nodules encountered in the seam at collection sites. The sulfur content of these two seams is generally too high to meet current environmental requirements. Analytical data on sulfur and the other elements of greatest and moderate potential environmental concern and their regional distribution are summarized in this report. Two samples from each seam were subjected to washability tests, which involve float-sink separations of the samples into various specific gravities in the range of less than 1.3 to greater than 1.6. Analyses of these fractions combined with similar data for two other samples from the Herrin provide elemental compositions corresponding to that of washed coal, such as 80 percent recovery of coal material. This recovery is believed to approximate the coal product from many existing coal preparation (washing) plants. These results make it possible to estimate the average expected elemental composition of washed coal products for all of the samples studied. The expected values for the elements of concern are given in table i. None of the elements except sulfur is thought to be present in sufficient quantities in washed coals to cause environmental problems associated with combustion; however, trace element analyses of waste materials from preparation plants processing coals from the Springfield and Herrin Coals need to be made. Maps included in this report show areal distributions of the concentrations of sodium, chlorine, and other deleterious elements in the two coal seams. JF - Contract/Grant Report - Illinois. Geological Survey Division AU - Harvey, R D AU - Cahill, R A AU - Chou, C L AU - Steele, J D AU - Costanza, S H AU - Fiene, F L AU - Henderson, L R AU - Kohlenberger, L B AU - Camp, L R AU - Russell, S J AU - Ruch, R R AU - Thomas, J, Jr AU - Tsui, T F AU - Vogel, R S AU - Zierath, D L Y1 - 1983/04// PY - 1983 DA - April 1983 SP - 162 PB - Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, IL KW - United States KW - Illinois Basin KW - Herrin Coal Member KW - experimental studies KW - Springfield Coal Member KW - Illinois KW - Pennsylvanian KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - coal seams KW - coal fields KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - mineral composition KW - sampling KW - coal KW - Indiana KW - sulfur KW - Kentucky KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - SEM data KW - 06B:Petrology of coal KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51839878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Harvey%2C+R+D%3BCahill%2C+R+A%3BChou%2C+C+L%3BSteele%2C+J+D%3BCostanza%2C+S+H%3BFiene%2C+F+L%3BHenderson%2C+L+R%3BKohlenberger%2C+L+B%3BCamp%2C+L+R%3BRussell%2C+S+J%3BRuch%2C+R+R%3BThomas%2C+J%2C+Jr%3BTsui%2C+T+F%3BVogel%2C+R+S%3BZierath%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Mineral+matter+and+trace+elements+in+the+Herrin+and+Springfield+Coals%2C+Illinois+Basin+coal+field&rft.title=Mineral+matter+and+trace+elements+in+the+Herrin+and+Springfield+Coals%2C+Illinois+Basin+coal+field&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 32 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Final report; includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #06099 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carboniferous; chemical composition; coal; coal fields; coal seams; experimental studies; geochemistry; Herrin Coal Member; Illinois; Illinois Basin; Indiana; Kentucky; laboratory studies; mineral composition; Paleozoic; Pennsylvanian; sampling; sedimentary rocks; SEM data; Springfield Coal Member; sulfur; trace elements; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mount St. Helens: The Aftermath AN - 19041030; 8803937 AB - During the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, ash fell over a 100,000 sq mi area to the east. The U. S. Congress appropriated funds for research to be administered through the Office of Water Research and Technology. In October 1981, a conference was held in Portland, Oregon to disseminate some of the findings of this research. The Idaho studies showed that, although the ashfall altered the food chains of some forest streams, within a year they fully recovered. The effects of ashfall on lake benthic organisms are still being assessed by sediment sampling. The Montana studies reported on snow avalanche models adapted to mudflows, trophic impact of ash deposits on Montana lakes, and the volcanic ash as nutrient subsidy to sub-alpine lakes. The Oregon studies reported on herring and smelt egg and larvae damage due to suspended ash. The drainage patterns in eruption debris were studied along with the filling of Columbia River berths with ash. The Washington studies have found that phenolic compounds from fallen timber could contaminate downstream fish. The homing instinct of salmon did not seem disrupted by ash in the streams, however the presence of ash slowed migration in laboratory tests. Computer forecasting models of mudflows, and the effects of mud and/or ash on groundwater, aquatic animals, irrigation efficiency, and flooding were also examined. (Geiger-PTT) JF - Available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield VA 22161, as PB87-182340/AS. Price codes: A04 in paper copy, A01 in microfiche. (1983). 65 p. Project No. BuRec C-00217-V (0534)(1). AU - Flaherty, D C AD - Office of Water Research and Technology Washington, DC Y1 - 1983/04// PY - 1983 DA - Apr 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Volcanoes KW - Air pollution KW - Water pollution effects KW - Mudflows KW - Ecological effects KW - Washington KW - Oregon KW - Montana KW - Ash KW - Aquatic animals KW - Computer models KW - Fish behavior KW - Fisheries KW - Environmental effects KW - Flooding KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Irrigation efficiency KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19041030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Mount+St.+Helens%3A+The+Aftermath&rft.au=Flaherty%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Flaherty&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Conceptual Framework for Measuring the Benefits of Groundwater Protection AN - 18972770; 8401337 AB - There is an increasing concern regarding the contamination of groundwater by hazardous materials. This concern is now being translated into private and public sector initiatives to implement waste disposal and other policies designed to protect groundwater. These activities generate substantial costs; the purpose of this paper is to establish a framework with which to measure the benefits of such efforts to protect groundwater. This benefits framework is based on the premise that the probabilistic value of protection is at least as great as the expected costs of contamination. These costs are shown to be sensitive to a variety of site-specific hydrogeologic and water use factors and general economic parameters. By facilitating benefit-cost comparisons, the framework provided here should help direct groundwater protection resources to their most efficient uses. (Author 's abstract) JF - Water Resources Research Vol. 19, No. 2, p 320-326, April, 1983. 4 Tab, 15 Ref. AU - Raucher, R L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Policy Analysis Y1 - 1983/04// PY - 1983 DA - Apr 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Groundwater protection KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Policy making KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Waste disposal KW - Water use KW - Geohydrology KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18972770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=A+Conceptual+Framework+for+Measuring+the+Benefits+of+Groundwater+Protection&rft.au=Raucher%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Raucher&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tetrachloroethylene Leached From Lined Asbestos-Cement Pipe into Drinking Water AN - 18968204; 8401522 AB - Tetrachloroethylene has been detected in concentrations ranging from a few micrograms per liter to several milligrams per liter in dead ends of water distribution systems made of vinyl-toluene-lined asbestos-cement pipe. About 1600 km (1000 mi) of this lined pipe is being used, primarily in New England. Tetrachloroethylene concentrations can be lessened by flushing and installing continuous bleeders, two of the solutions being suggested to correct this organics problem, which resulted from steps to control corrosion of asbestos-cement pipe. (Author 's abstract) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association Vol. 75, No. 4, p 184-188, April, 1983. 5 Fig, 2 Tab, 2 Ref. AU - Larson, C D AU - Love, OTJr AU - Reynolds, GIII AD - Environmental Protection Agency Boston, MA. Water Supply Branch Y1 - 1983/04// PY - 1983 DA - Apr 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pipe linings KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - Leaching KW - Water distribution KW - Vinyl toluene liners KW - Flushing KW - Continuous bleeders KW - Drinking water KW - Water pollution sources KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18968204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Tetrachloroethylene+Leached+From+Lined+Asbestos-Cement+Pipe+into+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Larson%2C+C+D%3BLove%2C+OTJr%3BReynolds%2C+GIII&rft.aulast=Larson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1983-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Phenol Molecular Structure on Bacterial Transformation Rate Constants in Pond and River Samples AN - 18982552; 8401090 AB - Microbial transformation rate constants for a series of phenols were correlated with a property of the substituents, van der Waal 's radius. The compounds used were phenol, p-methylphenol, p-methoxyphenol, p-chlorophenol, p-bromophenol, p-acetylphenol, p-cyanophenol, and p-nitrophenol. Water samples collected from five sites within 10 km of Athens, Georgia, were used in order to extend previous studies to mixed populations from natural waters. Transformation products were the corresponding catechols , with the exception of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, the product of p-acetylphenol. A different product suggested a different pathway; p-acetylphenol, therefore, was deleted from the data base. (Moore-IVI) JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 45, No. 3, p 1153-1155, March, 1983. 1 Fig, 2 Tab, 12 Ref. AU - Paris, D F AU - Wolfe, N L AU - Steen, W C AU - Baughman, G L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Athens, GA Y1 - 1983/03// PY - 1983 DA - Mar 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Phenols KW - Microbial degradation KW - Molecular structure KW - Bacteria KW - Substituted phenols KW - Pollutants KW - Microbial rate constants KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18982552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Phenol+Molecular+Structure+on+Bacterial+Transformation+Rate+Constants+in+Pond+and+River+Samples&rft.au=Paris%2C+D+F%3BWolfe%2C+N+L%3BSteen%2C+W+C%3BBaughman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Paris&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Undergound Oil Spill Investigation and Cleanup AN - 18991051; 8604032 AB - In April 1978, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region I office received an oil spill report which involved a sheen leaching from an industrial park into a river in Connecticut. Initial investigation revealed only two 10 ,000-gallon and one 11,000-gallon buried storage tanks as possible sources. All were located relatively close together about 200 feet from the river. The maintenance man reported that one of the 10,000-gallon tanks had spilled an estimated 500 gallons into the ground the previous year. EPA responded and initially worked with the property owner and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection in addressing the problem. Although the leaching seemed to be relatively minor at first, it gradually increased after July 1978. The property owner was unable to finance cleanup actions after the first few months. EPA assumed cleanup responsibility, using federal funds, and eventually took over all investigation and recovery efforts in 1980. The incident has involved many phases, including locating and estimating the volume of the underground contamination, attempted source identification through sample analysis, installing recovery systems, excavating the oil storage tanks, winter operations of the recovery systems, disposal of product, and river cleanup. Analyses of test boring data in 1979 indicated the maximum volume of spilled product on the groundwater to be between 50,000 and 150,000 gallons. Since 1980, the recovery system alone have yielded more than 90,000 gallons of oil, making this innocuous incident one of the largest inland oil spills ever in Region I. It also has been the most expensive federally-funded inland spill in the region. Recovery from the groundwater is expected to continue through 1982, albeit at a decreasing rate. The total observed volume of oil involved in the spill will probably exceed 110,000 gallons. (Author 's abstract) JF - Proceedings of the 1983 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), American Petroleum Institute February 28-March 3, 1983, San Antonio, Texas. p 393-396, 7 fig, 3 ref. AU - McIntyre, D AD - Environmental Protection Agency Boston, MA. Region I Y1 - 1983/02// PY - 1983 DA - Feb 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Oil spills KW - Cleanup operations KW - Underground waste disposal KW - Leaching KW - Oil pollution KW - Oil recovery KW - Case studies KW - Oil KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18991051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Undergound+Oil+Spill+Investigation+and+Cleanup&rft.au=McIntyre%2C+D&rft.aulast=McIntyre&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research Needs for Water Supply Cost Estimating AN - 19245054; 8303648 AB - There is a need for standard and consistent costing procedures in the management of water supply systems to evaluate project costs, compare expected costs of alternative measures, provide data needed to ascertain the economic burden of an abatement process on a specific plant or industry, predict pollution control costs, and gauge the cost-benefits of pollution control programs on society. The major research needs for water supply costing can be categorized as unit process cost estimating, water delivery cost, total systems management, and system financing. A special Environmental Protection Agency subcommittee has identified seven categories for possible research regarding unit process cost estimating, two major areas of research connected with water delivery costs, seven areas of research needed to supplement system financing. It is hoped that the identification of these specific research needs will aid the profession in establishing priorities for future research. (Geiger-FRC) JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association Vol 75, No 1, p 10-13, January, 1983. 69 Ref. AU - Clark, R M AD - Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH. Drinking Water Research Div Y1 - 1983/01// PY - 1983 DA - Jan 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water management KW - Water costs KW - Decision making KW - Future planning KW - Research priorities KW - Financing KW - Costs KW - Total costs KW - Cost analysis KW - Management planning KW - Prediction KW - Project planning KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19245054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Research+Needs+for+Water+Supply+Cost+Estimating&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of Geophysical Techniques as a Site Screening Procedure at Hazardous Waste Sites AN - 19051308; 8809166 AB - This paper describes several case studies where geophysical techniques were applied to better define potential ground-water contamination problems. The case histories illustrate typical uses of such techniques in the southeastern U.S. EPA Region IV utilized the capability of the Field Investigation Team contract to conduct these investigations. These Studies consisted of an initial evaluation of site history, waste analyses and hydrogeology. Few control wells were drilled during these studies. Resistivity data interpretations were mainly based on existing subsurface data and similar experiences at other sites. Most surveys were completed in two to four days with crews of two or three people. As a means of preliminary leachate monitoring and location waste sources, resisitivity and magnetometry have proven to be cost-effective site screening techniques. In contrast to conventional drilling and sampling techniques, it can be shown that the use of geophysics allows a manyfold savings in time, dollars and resources. The drilling rig contract requirements alone represent a three- to four-week time delay, while the time required for a geophysical investigation from the planning stage to the completion of the final report is in the range of four to five weeks. In time savings alone, the advantage in using geophysical techniques for screening studies is apparent. (See also W88-09129) (Friedmann-PTT) JF - Proceedings of the Third National Symposium on Aquifer Restoration and Ground-Water Monitoring. National Water Well Association, Worthington OH. 1983. p 307-312, 5 fig, 9 ref. AU - Hitchcock, A S AU - Harman, H D AD - Environmental Protection Agency Atlanta, GA. Region IV Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Sampling KW - Wells KW - Landfills KW - Waste dumps KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Aquifer management KW - Geophysics KW - Site selection KW - Monitoring KW - Leachates KW - Economic aspects KW - Case studies KW - Cost analysis KW - Geohydrology KW - Contracts KW - Resistivity KW - Magnetometry KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19051308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Application+of+Geophysical+Techniques+as+a+Site+Screening+Procedure+at+Hazardous+Waste+Sites&rft.au=Hitchcock%2C+A+S%3BHarman%2C+H+D&rft.aulast=Hitchcock&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drinking Water Perspective AN - 19031261; 8803552 AB - The state of drinking water research and regulatory activities in the environmental impact and health effects of chlorination has been an active field in the last two years and will continue to be so. A great understanding of the technology and toxicology of chlorination processes has been gained, but much more work needs to be done and significant deadlines are approaching. The field of disinfection and oxidation has been expanding in the United States since 1975, when the First Water Chlorination Conference was held. Dealing technically with chlorination without seriously examining many other substances such as chlorine dioxide, ozone, bromine chloride, and chloramines is now difficult. (Author 's abstract) JF - Water Chlorination: Environmental Impact and Health Effects; Volume 4 Book 2: Environment, Health, and Risk, Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, MI. 1983. p 1417-1422, 1 tab, 6 ref. AU - Cotruvo, JA AD - Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC. Office of Drinking Water Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Regulations KW - Water treatment KW - Disinfection KW - Chlorination KW - Water pollution effects KW - Public health KW - Risks KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Organic compounds KW - Drinking water KW - Chloramines KW - Chlorine dioxide KW - Water pollution sources KW - Groundwater pollution KW - Solvents KW - Research priorities KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19031261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Drinking+Water+Perspective&rft.au=Cotruvo%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Cotruvo&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - History of Ocean Disposal in the Mid-Atlantic Bight AN - 19021915; 8707410 AB - During the 1960s and 1970s a variety of industrial and municipal wastes were dumped in the ocean on the mid-continental shelf bordering Maryland and Delaware. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) Region III managed four disposal sites in this area between 1972 and 1980. In October 1972 when the MPRSA was enacted, there were four ocean dumpsites in U.S. EPA 's Region III. On January 1, 1981, that number had been reduced to zero. During that period over 13,000 metric tons of wastes were dumped at sea from Region III 's cities and industries. Although it will be difficult to assess all of the impacts due to dumping, the quantitative loadings for the major pollutants at the dumpsites are available. The major emphasis of Region III 's permit program was in the development of alternatives. Each dumper received a thorough evaluation of its entire facility in the determination of the need for dumping. Thus, Sun Oil Company had been dumping since 1966; within six months of its first permit in 1973, Sun Oil Company had developed an abatement plan involving the modification of existing equipment. The technology was already available to recover oil and recycle the spent caustic at an eventual cost savings to the company. DuPont-Edge Moor presently sells a large portion of the ferric chloride previously dumped as waste and recycles most of the hydrochloric acid which was also a waste. Philadelphia has reclaimed over 20 sq km (5000 acres) of barren strip mine land in middle Pennsylvania with sewage sludge which would have gone to sea. Each dumper represented a unique situation. It has been shown that U.S. EPA 's environmental regulations are sufficient to control and limit ocean dumping. Further, industries and municipalities do have environmentally and economically sound alternatives to ocean dumping. (See also W87-07396) (Lantz-PTT) JF - Wastes in the Ocean Volume 1: Industrial and Sewage Wastes in the Ocean. John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York. 1983. p 273-291, 5 fig, 7 tab, 30 ref. AU - Muir, W C AD - Environmental Protection Agency Philadelphia, PA. Environmental Impacts Branch Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mid-Atlantic Bight KW - Ocean dumping KW - History KW - Waste disposal KW - Maryland KW - Delaware KW - Industrial wastes KW - Municipal wastes KW - Regulations KW - Marine environment KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19021915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=History+of+Ocean+Disposal+in+the+Mid-Atlantic+Bight&rft.au=Muir%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Muir&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Sewage Sludge Dumping on Continental Shelf Benthos AN - 19021245; 8707411 AB - The fate and effects of the ocean dumping of sewage sludge at a mid-continental shelf dumpsite were studied by comparison of the defined area of deposition with a reference area away from prevailing flows. Concentrations of lead, copper, and organic carbon, and the percentage fine sediment fraction (silts plus clays) were significantly greater in the dumpsite grid compared with the reference grid. Swales in the dumpsite grid were areas of highest concentrations of contaminants, and the pollution-sensitive ampeliscid amphipods were atypically absent from these sites. The pollution-tolerant polychaete Capitella capitata was found only in contaminated swales. This study identified at least one locus of pollution due to ocean dumping, and the biological response characteristic of such contamination. (See also W87-07396) (Author 's abstract) JF - Wastes in the Ocean Volume 1: Industrial and Sewage Wastes in the Ocean. John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York. 1983. p 293-311, 5 fig, 6 tab, 43 ref. AU - Lear, D W AU - O'Malley, M L AD - Environmental Protection Agency Annapolis, MD Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Path of pollutants KW - Fate of pollutants KW - Wastewater disposal KW - Water pollution effects KW - Sludge KW - Ocean dumping KW - Lead KW - Copper KW - Organic carbon KW - Sediments KW - Swales KW - Polychaetes KW - Capitella capitata KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19021245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Sewage+Sludge+Dumping+on+Continental+Shelf+Benthos&rft.au=Lear%2C+D+W%3BO%27Malley%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Lear&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution Source Analyses Using 1-Dimensional Time Series AN - 18963297; 8402642 AB - Lake Holiday, a human-made recreational lake in northern Illinois, was threatened with closure due to high bacterial levels. A factorially designed experiment with multivariate responses was developed to study and identify the main sources of pollution. Data on total coliform, fecal coliform, fecal streptococci, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia-N, total phosphorus, nitrate/nitrite-N were analyzed using regression models describing dam spillway loads as a function of source loads and time. The results suggest that the relationships among source, time, and load are complex, even though only two sources account for most of the lake 's loading. Stevens Brook, which receives the discharge from the Somonauk Sewage Treatment Plant, and Somonauk Creek, which is the major drainage, contribute high loads of bacteria and nutrients to the lake. The influent loads contributed to the lake are discharged at the dam over about 4 weeks. (Author 's abstract) JF - Environmental Management Vol. 7, No. 5, p 421-426, 1983. 1 Fig, 3 Tab, 14 Ref. AU - Schaeffer, D J AU - Corley, C AU - Chien, H AD - Illinois State Environmental Protection Agency Springfield Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Water pollution sources KW - Lake Holiday KW - Illinois KW - Bacteria KW - Nutrients KW - Effluents KW - Reservoirs KW - Coliforms KW - Streptococcus KW - Artificial lakes KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18963297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Pollution+Source+Analyses+Using+1-Dimensional+Time+Series&rft.au=Schaeffer%2C+D+J%3BCorley%2C+C%3BChien%2C+H&rft.aulast=Schaeffer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Evaluation of the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of motor vehicle emissions in short-term bioassays. AN - 15552263; 422974 AB - Incomplete combustion of fuel in motor vehicles results in the emission of submicron carbonaceous particles which, after cooling and dilution, contain varying quantities of extractable organic consitituents. These organics are mutagenic in bacteria. Confirmatory bioassays in mammalian cells provide the capability of detecting chromosomal and DNA damage in addition to gene mutations. In order to evaluate the mutagenicity of these organics in mammalians cells, extractable organics from particle emissions from several diesel and gasoline vehicles were compared in a battery of microbial, mammalian cell and in vivo bioassays. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lewtas, J Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 141 EP - 152 VL - 47 KW - toxicology KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - carcinogens KW - internal combustion engines KW - mutagens KW - gasoline KW - bioassays KW - genetics KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - cytology KW - microbiology KW - H SM5.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H ST2.26:EMISSIONS AND EMISSION CONTROL KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15552263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+mutagenicity+and+carcinogenicity+of+motor+vehicle+emissions+in+short-term+bioassays.&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Marketable permits: The case of chlorofluorocarbons. AN - 14102121; 932046 AB - This paper will focus on the economic aspects of the Agency's considerations as they relate to a marketable permit system. The scientific aspects of the chlorofluorocarbons issue, while obviously critical from the standpoint of the Agency's overall policy toward chemicals, will only be touched upon here. The basic purposes are to illustrate how considerations of marketable permits evolved from broad concepts to highly detailed analysis and to describe some of the results of these analyses. JF - Natural Resources Journal AU - Shapiro, M AU - Warhit, E Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 577 EP - 591 VL - 23 IS - 3 KW - chemical pollutants KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - federal policies KW - economics KW - environmental protection KW - chlorofluorocarbons KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14102121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Resources+Journal&rft.atitle=Marketable+permits%3A+The+case+of+chlorofluorocarbons.&rft.au=Shapiro%2C+M%3BWarhit%2C+E&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Resources+Journal&rft.issn=00280739&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of 2450 MHz microwave exposure on behavioural thermoregulation in mice. AN - 14004513; 832930 AB - The purpose of this study was to determine the threshold specific absorption rate (SAR) during exposure to 2450 MHz continous wave (CW) microwaves that affected thermoregulatory behaviour in mice. A Plexiglas shuttle box was placed inside a waveguide imposed with a temperature gradient. The temperature gradient allowed the mice to select a particular section of the shuttle box which was, presumably, related to their state of thermal comfort. Exposing the mice to 2450 MHz inside the waveguide at SARs of 0-5.3 W kg super(-1) for 1 h caused no significant change in their preferred ambient temperature. Increasing SAR from 5.3 to 18.1 W kg super(-1) caused the animals to shift their position to the cooler end of the shuttle box. Following termination of microwave exposure animals that had selected a cool ambient temperature returned to the warm side of the shuttle box. It is concluded that for mice exposed to radiation at 2450 MHz the thermoregulatory behaviour is significantly affected at SARs of 5.3 to 9.9 W kg super(-1). JF - Journal of Thermal Biology AU - Gordon, C J AD - Physiol Sec., Biol. Eng. Branch, Exper. Biol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 315 EP - 319 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0306-4565, 0306-4565 KW - behavior KW - microwaves KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - mice KW - thermodynamics KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - H SM9.41:RADIATION INJURIES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14004513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Thermal+Biology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+2450+MHz+microwave+exposure+on+behavioural+thermoregulation+in+mice.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Thermal+Biology&rft.issn=03064565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mice; thermodynamics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact on and recovery of experimental macrobenthic communities exposed to pentachlorophenol. AN - 13995469; 828054 AB - Recovery of macrobenthic animal communities in sand-filled aquaria was determined 7 weeks after a 5-week exposure to 55 mu g/l pentachlorophenol. The communities developed from planktonic larvae in flowing estuarine water continuously supplied during treatment and recovery. Significantly fewer ( alpha = 0.05) indivlduals and species occurred in contaminated aquaria than in control aquaria immediately after exposure to pentachlorophenol. Numbers of arthropods, chordates, echinoderms, and mollusks were decreased; annelids and coelenterates were not affected. Seven weeks after exposure was discontinued, total numbers of individuals and species in previously contaminated and control aquaria no longer differed. The dominant echinoderm, Leptosynapta inhaerens , reduced numerically in contaminated aquaria at 5 weeks, increased in number not significantly different from the control at 12 weeks. However, there were some differences among species in previously contaminated aquaria and the control that could be attributed to the toxicant. JF - NORTHEAST GULF SCI. AU - Tagatz, ME AU - Deans, CH AU - Plaia, G R AU - Pool, J D AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 131 EP - 136 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1048-9836, 1048-9836 KW - pentachlorophenol KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - community composition KW - chemical pollutants KW - Brackish KW - pollution effects KW - zoobenthos KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13995469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NORTHEAST+GULF+SCI.&rft.atitle=Impact+on+and+recovery+of+experimental+macrobenthic+communities+exposed+to+pentachlorophenol.&rft.au=Tagatz%2C+ME%3BDeans%2C+CH%3BPlaia%2C+G+R%3BPool%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Tagatz&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NORTHEAST+GULF+SCI.&rft.issn=10489836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - 7 ref. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollutants; community composition; pollution effects; zoobenthos; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Postnatal evaluation of morphological and functional effects of prenatal exposure to nitrofen in the Long-Evans rat. AN - 13980077; 813560 AB - The herbicide Nitrofen was administered to Long-Evans rats on d 11 of gestation in an effort to further evaluate its reported ability to induce hydronephrosis and to affect Harderian-gland development. This regimen did not affect the litter size at birth or postnatal growth and viability. Harderian-gland weights were lower at PD 35 and 210, and 12% of the Nitrofen-treated offspring had missing glands, versus 0% of controls. Hydronephrosis was detected in 23% of the necropsied offspring and was represented in every treated litter. This study has demonstrated that a single prenatal exposure to Nitrofen alters Harderian-gland development, lung growth, and renal development and funciton. Hydropenia tests applied to neonates detected renal dysfuncitona nd were predictive of hydronephrosis, while a similar test in young adults did not detect dysfunction in morphologically normal animals. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Gray, LE Jr AD - Dev. Biol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 679 EP - 690 VL - 11 IS - 4-6 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - effects on KW - development KW - nitrofen KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - glands KW - herbicides KW - intrauterine exposure KW - kidney KW - X 24134:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13980077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Postnatal+evaluation+of+morphological+and+functional+effects+of+prenatal+exposure+to+nitrofen+in+the+Long-Evans+rat.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BGray%2C+LE+Jr&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4-6&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - intrauterine exposure; lung; kidney; glands; herbicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular toxicity in Chinese hamster ovary cell cultures. II. A statistical appraisal of sensitivity with the rabbit alveolar macrophage, syrian hamster embryo, balb 3T3 mouse, and human neonatal fibroblast cell systems. AN - 13959421; 797667 AB - Chinese hamster ovary, rabbit alveolar macrophage, Syrian hamster embryo, BALB 3T3 mouse, and human neonatal fibroblast cells were employed in a statistical evaluation of the relative sensitivity of the cells to toxic substances. The cells were exposed to 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, 2,4-dimethylphenol, Aroclor 1248, cadmium chloride, lead sulfate, nickel nitrate, lead oxide-coated fly ash, and a fine particulate from coal combustion. A filter-disk technique was used to measure the inhibition of protein and DNA synthesis. A quantitative ranking of cell-system sensitivity was determined from comparisons of statistically significant differences in protein and DNA synthesis expressed as percentage of control. An overall ranking of sensitivity showed that rabbit alveolar macrophages, Syrian hamster embryo cells, and Chinese hamster ovary cells were more sensitive than another of the five cell systems in 75, 68, and 62% of the experiments, respectively. The corresponding values for BALB 3T3 mouse and human neonatal fibroblast cells were 38 and 28%, respectively, under our experimental conditions. Detailed data on the control cell cultures are also presented. JF - Environmental Research AU - Garrett, N E AU - Campbell, JA AU - Stack, H F AU - Jackson, MA AU - Lewtas, J AD - Northrop Serv., Inc., Health Effects Res. Program, Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 466 EP - 473 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - hamsters KW - 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene KW - 2,4-dimethylphenol KW - Aroclor KW - cadmium chloride KW - lead sulfate KW - nickel nitrate KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - fly ash KW - toxicology KW - statistical analysis KW - particulates KW - embryos KW - cytology KW - coal conversion KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13959421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Cellular+toxicity+in+Chinese+hamster+ovary+cell+cultures.+II.+A+statistical+appraisal+of+sensitivity+with+the+rabbit+alveolar+macrophage%2C+syrian+hamster+embryo%2C+balb+3T3+mouse%2C+and+human+neonatal+fibroblast+cell+systems.&rft.au=Garrett%2C+N+E%3BCampbell%2C+JA%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+MA%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Garrett&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cytology; statistical analysis; embryos; fly ash; particulates; coal conversion; toxicology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular toxicity in Chinese hamster ovary cell cultures. I. Analysis of cytotoxicity endpoints for twenty-nine priority pollutants. AN - 13955130; 797680 AB - Chinese hamster ovary cells were exposed to 29 toxic chemical substances which were representative of several classes of compounds listed by the Natural Resources Defense Council Consent Decree as priority toxic pollutants. After cell cultures were exposed to the test substance, cell samples were assayed for protein and DNA synthesis, ATP, cell number, and viability. A filter-disk technique employing a batch-washing procedure was used for the determination of protein and DNA synthesis. Dose-response data were obtained for 15 of the more toxic agents including chlorinated aromatics, metallic compounds, phenols, and polychlorinated biphenyls. Estimates of the sample concentrations necessary to produce a 50% reduction in response were used to compare cytotoxicity endpoints. ATP and protein synthesis were approximately equally effective as indicators of cellular toxicity. Cadmium chloride, nickel nitrate, arsenic trioxide, and potassium chromate produced a more pronounced effect on DNA synthesis than on ATP or protein synthesis. JF - Environmental Research AU - Garrett, N E AU - Lewtas, J AD - Northrop Serv. Inc., Health Effects Res. Program, Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 455 EP - 465 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - hamsters KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - laboratory methods KW - toxicity KW - cytology KW - assays KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13955130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Cellular+toxicity+in+Chinese+hamster+ovary+cell+cultures.+I.+Analysis+of+cytotoxicity+endpoints+for+twenty-nine+priority+pollutants.&rft.au=Garrett%2C+N+E%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Garrett&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; cytology; laboratory methods; assays ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of bioactivity of chemical fractions of liquid wastes using freshwater and saltwater algae and crustaceans AN - 13866936; 198301957 AB - Complex wastes from industrial and municipal outfalls were fractionated chemically. The plants included gunpowder, titanium oxide, aliphatic amines, an oil refinery, phosphoric products, nylon, carpeting and citric acid. Biological tests were performed with Monoraphidium capricornutum, Daphnia magna, Skeletonema costatum and Mysidopsis bahia (I to IV respectively). All the waste affected the growth of III and I or the survival of IV and II. Algae were considered of great value in determining the potential effects of the wastes. Some of the fractions were stimulatory to the test organisms but this could be variable, e.g. whole pesticide and plasticizer waste and inorganic and organic fractions were not stimulatory to I, while the cation and anion subfractions were highly stimulatory. Fractionation is essential to estimate the full potential impact of complex wastes on aquatic systems. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Walsh, GE AU - Garnas, R L AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 180 EP - 182 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Rilsan KW - Algae (see also individual groups below) KW - Crustaceans (see also subdivisions below) KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13866936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Determination+of+bioactivity+of+chemical+fractions+of+liquid+wastes+using+freshwater+and+saltwater+algae+and+crustaceans&rft.au=Walsh%2C+GE%3BGarnas%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimizing GAC systems AN - 13865832; 198302124 AB - A series of equations is presented that can be used to give preliminary estimates of the costs of systems using granular activated carbon for water treatment. Some examples of their use are included. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Clark, R M AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 139 EP - 156 VL - 109 IS - 1 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13865832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Optimizing+GAC+systems&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research, development and demonstration in municipal wastewater sludge treatment, use and disposal: planning and programmes AN - 13865276; S198413422 AB - The number of government departments and the various sections of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency engaged in research and development programmes concerning the treatment and disposal of sewage sludge is reviewed. The various legal statutes administered by the EPA which impinge on sludge handling and disposal methods are considered, and a broad summary of the sludge treatment programme being conducted by the Wastewater Research Division of the EPA Municipal Research Laboratory in Cincinnati is given. A tabulated list of all the EPA funded research projects on sewage sludge coordinated by the Municipal and Environmental Research Laboratories during the last four years, with indications of their current status, is appended. JF - Sludge Characteristics and Behaviour (edited by J. B. Carberry and A. J. Englande). Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston, NATO ASI Series E, No.66 AU - Farrell, J B AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 8 EP - 440,08 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13865276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sludge+Characteristics+and+Behaviour+%28edited+by+J.+B.+Carberry+and+A.+J.+Englande%29.+Martinus+Nijhoff+Publishers%2C+Boston%2C+NATO+ASI+Series+E%2C+No.66&rft.atitle=Research%2C+development+and+demonstration+in+municipal+wastewater+sludge+treatment%2C+use+and+disposal%3A+planning+and+programmes&rft.au=Farrell%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Farrell&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sludge+Characteristics+and+Behaviour+%28edited+by+J.+B.+Carberry+and+A.+J.+Englande%29.+Martinus+Nijhoff+Publishers%2C+Boston%2C+NATO+ASI+Series+E%2C+No.66&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enumeration and characterization of bacteria indigenous to a shallow water-table aquifer AN - 13864670; 198302106 AB - Results are presented of a study on the bacteria in unconsolidated material below the root zone of the surface soil in a floodplain in Oklahoma, where the water table was at a depth of 3.6 m. Samples were taken at depths of 1.2, 3, and 5 m; details are given of the procedures used. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were found, but the dominant forms were small Gram-positive cocci. No protozoa, yeasts, or other fungi were detected. The bacteria were capable of degrading chlorobenzene and dichloromethane but not di- and trichloroethane, nor tri- and tetrachloroethylene. JF - Ground Water AU - Wilson, J T AU - McNabb, J F AU - Balkwill, D L AU - Ghiorse, W C AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 134 EP - 142 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Di- (see also without prefix) KW - Methylene chloride KW - Tri- (seealso without prefix) KW - Yeasts (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13864670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Enumeration+and+characterization+of+bacteria+indigenous+to+a+shallow+water-table+aquifer&rft.au=Wilson%2C+J+T%3BMcNabb%2C+J+F%3BBalkwill%2C+D+L%3BGhiorse%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible carcinogens in water - how serious is the problem? AN - 13864075; 198303337 AB - The author comments on the relevance of carcinogenicity tests with animals to the assessment of the health risks of using contaminated water supplies, and doubts the value of treating water to remove carcinogens that are only present at microgram per litre levels. JF - Water/Engineering and Management AU - Markwood, I M AD - Illinois Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 14 EP - 14,68 VL - 130 IS - 5 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13864075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2FEngineering+and+Management&rft.atitle=Possible+carcinogens+in+water+-+how+serious+is+the+problem%3F&rft.au=Markwood%2C+I+M&rft.aulast=Markwood&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2FEngineering+and+Management&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative sensitivity of Daphnia magna, rainbow trout and fathead minnows to endosulfan AN - 13864034; 198303347 AB - The results of flow-through and static acute toxicity tests with the insecticide endosulfan are reported. Under static conditions, 96-hour LC50 values of 1.3, 0.8 and 1.3 ug per litre were obtained in the fathead minnow and 1.6 and 1.7 ug per litre in rainbow trout. Corresponding flow-through values were 1.0 and 1.7 ug per litre (fathead minnow) and 0.3 and 0.4 ug per litre (trout). Acute 48-hour static EC50 values for D. magna were 343 and 271 ug per litre. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nebeker, A V AU - McCrady, J K AU - Mshar, R AU - McAuliffe, C K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 69 EP - 72 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Jn - environ. toxicol. and chem. KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13864034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Relative+sensitivity+of+Daphnia+magna%2C+rainbow+trout+and+fathead+minnows+to+endosulfan&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BMcCrady%2C+J+K%3BMshar%2C+R%3BMcAuliffe%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous waste management in the United States AN - 13863242; S198411772 AB - One in a series of nine overviews of different national hazardous wastes management policies, this article discusses the relevant laws and administrative provisions adopted in America. The most important are the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) , and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). RCRA covers the classification of hazardous wastes and provides for setting standards for waste producers, transporters, and disposal facilities. Thirty-six States have now had their own individual programmes under this Act authorized. CERCLA is more retrospective and covers clean-ups of old uncontrolled hazardous waste dumps. JF - UNEP Industry and Environment AU - Skinner, J H AD - Office of Solid Wastes, U.S. EPA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 66 EP - 69 VL - Special-Issue KW - State KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13863242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UNEP+Industry+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Hazardous+waste+management+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Skinner%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Skinner&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=Special-Issue&rft.issue=&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=UNEP+Industry+and+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health effects guidance for uranium in drinking water AN - 13863100; 198303815 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 's Office of Drinking Water's approach to developing a guidance level in relation to uranium is outlined. The Office has proposed a level of 10 pCi per litre (0.37 Bq per litre) for uranium in drinking water. This value is not yet official but is presented as a working hypothesis for review and comments. The risk level from ingesting drinking water with a uranium content of 10 pCi per litre is estimated to be about 300,000 excess cancers per lifetime. It was not clear what the cost of removing uranium from water would be as the technology has not been fully developed. Preliminary results do suggest that it may be possible to remove uranium from drinking water. JF - Health Physics AU - Cothern, C R AU - Lappenbusch, W L AU - Cotruvo, JA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 377 EP - 384 VL - 44 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Hazard KW - Paterson candy international ltd KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13863100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Health+effects+guidance+for+uranium+in+drinking+water&rft.au=Cothern%2C+C+R%3BLappenbusch%2C+W+L%3BCotruvo%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Cothern&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current state-of-the-art of wastewater disinfection AN - 13862241; 198303303 AB - Giving a bibliography of 34 references, the author reviews current technology for the disinfection of sewage, by chlorination, ozonation, and ultraviolet irradiation, and indicates aspects on which improvements and further research are required. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Venosa, AD AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 457 EP - 466 VL - 55 IS - 5 KW - Jn - journal wpcf KW - State of the art KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13862241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Current+state-of-the-art+of+wastewater+disinfection&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=457&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of synthetic pyrethroids AC222,705 , permethrin and fenvalerate on sheepshead minnows in early life stage toxicity tests AN - 13862144; S198412330 AB - In 28 day early life stage toxicity studies on sheepshead minnows, survival of hatched fish was reduced at 0.61 ug per litre AC222,705 , 22 ug per litre permethrin and 3.9 ug per litre fenvalerate. Average weight was reduced at 0.06 ug per litre AC222,705 and 2.2 ug per litre fenvalerate. No effects were detected at 0.03 ug per litre AC222,705 , 10 ug per litre permethrin and 0.56 ug per litre fenvalerate. The 96 hour LC50 divided by the no effect concentration was 37 for AC222,705 , 0.8 for permethrin and 9 for fenvalerate. Mean bioconcentration factors were 480 and 570 for permethrin and fenvalerate. AC222,705 was not detected in surviving fish. (Limit for chemical detection was 0.15 ug per litre). JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Hansen, D J AU - Goodman, L R AU - Moore, J C AU - Higdon, P K AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 251 EP - 258 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Jn - environ. toxicol. and chem. KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13862144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+synthetic+pyrethroids+AC222%2C705+%2C+permethrin+and+fenvalerate+on+sheepshead+minnows+in+early+life+stage+toxicity+tests&rft.au=Hansen%2C+D+J%3BGoodman%2C+L+R%3BMoore%2C+J+C%3BHigdon%2C+P+K&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of methyl parathion in aquatic channels microcosms AN - 13862106; S198412331 AB - A channel microcosm facility (19.5 m x 46 cm x 51 cm) called the Aquatic Ecosystem Simulator, was used to determine the fate of methyl parathion. First-order degradation rates were related to different nutrient treatments, with the higher rates associated with the organically-rich environment. A state was reached in the various compartments after a 6-week development. Aufwuchs biomass dominated the systems. The inclusion of sediments had no effect on the parameters measured. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Holm, H W AU - Kollig, H P AU - Payne, W R AU - Proctor, L M AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 169 EP - 176 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Jn - environ. toxicol. and chem. KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13862106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Fate+of+methyl+parathion+in+aquatic+channels+microcosms&rft.au=Holm%2C+H+W%3BKollig%2C+H+P%3BPayne%2C+W+R%3BProctor%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Holm&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A marine recreational water quality criterion consistent with indicator concepts and risk analysis AN - 13861843; S198412428 AB - After discussing the problem of setting water quality standards for recreational use of marine waters, the authors describe studies on a proposed new general criterion, namely the enterococcus density in the bathing water giving an acceptable incidence of swimming-associated gastro-enteritis. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Cabelli, V J AU - Dufour AU - McCabe, L J AU - Levin, MA AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1306 EP - 1314 VL - 55 IS - 10 KW - Jn - journal wpcf KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13861843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=A+marine+recreational+water+quality+criterion+consistent+with+indicator+concepts+and+risk+analysis&rft.au=Cabelli%2C+V+J%3BDufour%3BMcCabe%2C+L+J%3BLevin%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Cabelli&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Hexagenia on Daphnia response in sediment toxicity tests AN - 13861027; 198303343 AB - The toxicity of 12 freshwater sediments to Daphnia magna and Hexagenia, both singly and together, was tested in recycling laboratory microcosms. Hexagenia alone was a less sensitive indicator than D. magna but its presence usually intensified the Daphnia response. The physical disturbance of the sediment by Hexagenia increases the number of suspended particulates available to the Daphnia. Tests that combine Hexagenia and D. magna are therefore recommended. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Malueg, K W AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Gakstatter, J H AU - Krawczyk, D F AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 73 EP - 82 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Jn - environ. toxicol. and chem. KW - Suspended KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13861027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Hexagenia+on+Daphnia+response+in+sediment+toxicity+tests&rft.au=Malueg%2C+K+W%3BSchuytema%2C+G+S%3BGakstatter%2C+J+H%3BKrawczyk%2C+D+F&rft.aulast=Malueg&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence of uranium in drinking water in the U.S AN - 13860959; 198303974 AB - Tabulated data are given on the concentrations of uranium found in drinking water supplies in selected communities throughout the U.S.A. , and the significance of the results is discussed. Both human activity and natural uranium sources can contaminate surface and ground waters the latter being the more common. Of the 59,812 community water supplies it is estimated that 25-650 exceed 20 pCi per litre, 100-2000 exceed 10 pCi per litre, and 2500-5000 exceed a uranium concentration of 5 pCi per litre. JF - Health Physics AU - Cothern, C R AU - Lappenbusch, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 89 EP - 99 VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Paterson candy international ltd KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13860959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Occurrence+of+uranium+in+drinking+water+in+the+U.S&rft.au=Cothern%2C+C+R%3BLappenbusch%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Cothern&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of a chronic mercury exposure on survival, reproduction and population dynamics of Mysidopsis bahia AN - 13860686; 198303465 AB - The mysid, M. bahia , was chronically exposed to inorganic mercury concentrations of 0.5, 0.8, 1.6 and 2.5 ug per litre throughout its entire life cycle. The 96-hr LC50 and 35-day LC50 were 3.5 and 1.8 ug per litre respectively. Mortality rates for males and females between sexual maturity (day 14) and termination (day 35) were 35 and 18 per cent. Reproductive impairment occurred between 0.8 and 1.6 ug per litre. The rate of population increase (r) decreased with increasing mercury concentration with the critical value (r equals o) occurring at 1.6 ug mercury per litre. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Gentile, J H AU - Gentile, S M AU - Hoffman, G AU - Heltsche, J F AU - Hairston, N AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Rhode Island Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 61 EP - 68 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Jn - environ. toxicol. and chem. KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13860686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+a+chronic+mercury+exposure+on+survival%2C+reproduction+and+population+dynamics+of+Mysidopsis+bahia&rft.au=Gentile%2C+J+H%3BGentile%2C+S+M%3BHoffman%2C+G%3BHeltsche%2C+J+F%3BHairston%2C+N&rft.aulast=Gentile&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic toxicity to fathead minnow Pimephales promelas of wastewater from a conventional wastewater treatment system receiving organic priority pollutants AN - 13860684; 198302766 AB - Tabulated results are presented from tests on the chronic toxicity to fathead minnows of unchlorinated and dechlorinated effluents from a conventional sewage treatment system receiving 22 organic priority pollutants. The experiments showed that the chronic toxicity of the dechlorinated effluent was greater than that of the unchlorinated effluent, suggesting that chlorination resulted in formation of more toxic compounds. JF - Environmental Pollution. Series A AU - Pickering, Q H AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 105 EP - 117 VL - 31 IS - 2 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13860684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution.+Series+A&rft.atitle=Chronic+toxicity+to+fathead+minnow+Pimephales+promelas+of+wastewater+from+a+conventional+wastewater+treatment+system+receiving+organic+priority+pollutants&rft.au=Pickering%2C+Q+H&rft.aulast=Pickering&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution.+Series+A&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of mutagens following chlorination of humic acid. A model for mutagen formation during drinking water treatment AN - 13857074; 198303997 AB - Graphs and tables are used to report the findings of experimental work which was carried out to determine the reaction conditions necessary for the formation of mutagenic compounds resulting from the aqueous chlorination of humic acids, and to study the characteristics of the mutagens. It is suggested that chlorination of commercial humic acids provides a model for studying mutagen formation during water chlorination. A bibliography of 41 references is appended. JF - Mutation Research AU - Meier, J R AU - Lingg, R D AU - Bull, R J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 25 EP - 41 VL - 118 IS - 1/2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13857074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Formation+of+mutagens+following+chlorination+of+humic+acid.+A+model+for+mutagen+formation+during+drinking+water+treatment&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BLingg%2C+R+D%3BBull%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of field- and laboratory-developed estuarine benthic communities for toxicant-exposure studies AN - 13857041; 198303420 AB - The communities of macrobenthos that colonized sand-filled boxes in the laboratory and in the field were compared. Although there were some differences, the degree of similarity between the two types of community indicate that the results of toxicity tests using laboratory populations would be similar to those using natural populations. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Tagatz, ME AU - Deans, CH AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 199 EP - 209 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Jn - water, air and soil pollution KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13857041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+field-+and+laboratory-developed+estuarine+benthic+communities+for+toxicant-exposure+studies&rft.au=Tagatz%2C+ME%3BDeans%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Tagatz&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New wastewater treatment for industrial applications AN - 13855423; S198412587 AB - The advantages of anaerobic biological wastewater treatment processes over aerobic systems are outlined (lower production of biological sludge, no oxygen requirement, methane generation, lower nutrient requirements, lower capital cost). Three anaerobic systems (upflow anaerobic filter, anaerobic fluidized beds, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) are described. Experiences from full-scale applications of the techniques for the treatment of high-COD industrial wastewaters are discussed. Recent research on the use of anaerobic systems for treating dilute wastes eg municipal sewage is described. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Bowker, RPG AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 235 EP - 242 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13855423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=New+wastewater+treatment+for+industrial+applications&rft.au=Bowker%2C+RPG&rft.aulast=Bowker&rft.aufirst=RPG&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of trophic state measurements AN - 13854647; S198412620 AB - The effectiveness of 29 methods for measuring trophic state was compared by testing their ability to rank 44 lakes throughout U.S.A. Information on the various methods and on the test lakes is summarized in tables, and the results are discussed. The relative trophic ranking of many lakes differed, depending on whether primary nutrients or biological phenomena were used as the ranking mechanism. JF - Water Research AU - Lambou, V W AU - Taylor, W D AU - Hern, S C AU - Williams, L R AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1619 EP - 1626 VL - 17 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13854647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+trophic+state+measurements&rft.au=Lambou%2C+V+W%3BTaylor%2C+W+D%3BHern%2C+S+C%3BWilliams%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Lambou&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of water demands using deficit analysis AN - 13854460; S198413713 AB - Graphs and tables are used to report and discuss investigations into the feasibility of using a deficit analysis technique, which matches available flow against actual or projected demands, to estimate required reservoir capacity. The technique is applied in a case study, and it is shown that the deficit analysis approach avoids the problems of overestimating required reservoir size , which occurred with traditional methods. The development of a computer program for producing deficit analysis data is described, and a bibliography of 12 references is appended. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Clark, R M AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Gillean, JI AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 271 EP - 286 VL - 109 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13854460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+water+demands+using+deficit+analysis&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BGillean%2C+JI&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An improved technique for estimating mean depth of lakes AN - 13854150; S198412619 AB - Methodology is presented for determining the mean depth of lakes, using a systematically aligned dot grid. This procedure was shown to be much faster than traditional methods and the results had no detectable bias when compared with those from planimeter techniques. JF - Water Research AU - Omernik, JM AU - Kinney, A J AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1603 EP - 1607 VL - 17 IS - 11 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13854150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=An+improved+technique+for+estimating+mean+depth+of+lakes&rft.au=Omernik%2C+JM%3BKinney%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Omernik&rft.aufirst=JM&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1603&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The mussel watch: intercomparison of trace level constituent determinations AN - 13853000; S198413859 AB - The use of split-samples in multilaboratory analyses has several problems both in interlaboratory discrepancies and with the split-sample technique itself. Two mussel homogenates were therefore produced, one for the analysis of metals and organics and the other for radionuclides. The analytical results reported in this paper, show good interlaboratory agreement and it is concluded that a quality control programme based on the analysis of large, homogeneous samples of the matrix being dealt with is an essential part of any extensive multilaboratory analytical programme. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Galloway, W B AU - Lake, J L AU - Phelps, D K AU - Rogerson, P F AU - Bowen, V T AU - Farrington, J W AU - Goldberg, ED AU - Laseter, J L AU - Lawler, G C AU - Martin, J H AU - Risebrough, R W AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 395 EP - 410 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Interlaboratory KW - Jn - environ. toxicol. and chem. KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13853000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+mussel+watch%3A+intercomparison+of+trace+level+constituent+determinations&rft.au=Galloway%2C+W+B%3BLake%2C+J+L%3BPhelps%2C+D+K%3BRogerson%2C+P+F%3BBowen%2C+V+T%3BFarrington%2C+J+W%3BGoldberg%2C+ED%3BLaseter%2C+J+L%3BLawler%2C+G+C%3BMartin%2C+J+H%3BRisebrough%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Galloway&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=395&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization of purging efficiency and quantification of organic contaminants from water using a 1-L closed-loop-stripping apparatus and computerized capillary column GC/MS AN - 13852943; 198400858 AB - The authors have studied four ways of improving the recovery and precision of the 1-gallon closed-loop-stripping (CLS) apparatus: by purging a smaller volume; by better control of the temperature of the gas entering the filter and of the filter itself; by increasing the temperature of the sample water bath; by eliminating as much metal as possible in the closed loop. A 1 litre system has been developed and optimized for maximal purging efficiency of 1-chloroalkane standards spiked in water. The optimal conditions for efficient recovery were established and more than 95 per cent recovery was achieved for several chlorinated paraffins. Recovery studies of a 22 compound standard mixture of organics, using two 1-L CLS devices of different design, showed that both systems had similar recovery efficiencies, about twice as good as those for 1-gallon devices. Relative standard deviations showed similar improvement. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Coleman, W E AU - Munch, J W AU - Slater, R W AU - Melton, R G AU - Kopfler, F C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 571 EP - 576 VL - 17 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Columns KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13852943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+purging+efficiency+and+quantification+of+organic+contaminants+from+water+using+a+1-L+closed-loop-stripping+apparatus+and+computerized+capillary+column+GC%2FMS&rft.au=Coleman%2C+W+E%3BMunch%2C+J+W%3BSlater%2C+R+W%3BMelton%2C+R+G%3BKopfler%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute toxicity, bioconcentration, and persistence of AC 222,705, benthiocarb, chlorpyrifos, fenvalerate, methyl parathion, and permethrin in the estuarine environment AN - 13852715; S198412232 AB - Laboratory studies on six pesticides are described. Results presented in tables for each pesticide give acute toxicity to various estuarine animals, logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient, solubility in sea water, persistence in sediment-sea water, and bioconcentration in the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica). Results are compared with others reported in the literature. There is a bibliography of 52 references. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Schimmel, S C AU - Garnas, R L AU - Patrick, J M AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 104 EP - 113 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Laboratory studies KW - Octanol/water partition coefficients KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13852715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Acute+toxicity%2C+bioconcentration%2C+and+persistence+of+AC+222%2C705%2C+benthiocarb%2C+chlorpyrifos%2C+fenvalerate%2C+methyl+parathion%2C+and+permethrin+in+the+estuarine+environment&rft.au=Schimmel%2C+S+C%3BGarnas%2C+R+L%3BPatrick%2C+J+M%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Schimmel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Filter plant design for asbestos fibre removal AN - 13852604; 198400336 AB - The design and performance of four water works in U.S.A. designed to remove asbestos fibres from the water by granular-media filtration are reviewed. The need to control pH during coagulation, and to monitor turbidity of the filtered water continuously so that back-washing can be carried out at the correct time is stressed. It is recommended that pilot-scale studies should be carried out before designing a treatment plant for fibre removal. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Logsdon, G S AU - Evavold, G L AU - Patton, J L AU - Watkins, J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 900 EP - 914 VL - 109 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Filters (see also packed columns, groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13852604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Filter+plant+design+for+asbestos+fibre+removal&rft.au=Logsdon%2C+G+S%3BEvavold%2C+G+L%3BPatton%2C+J+L%3BWatkins%2C+J&rft.aulast=Logsdon&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=900&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of toxic organic compounds in wastewater treatment plants AN - 13852304; 198401035 AB - Tabulated and graphical results are presented from pilot scale studies to determine the behaviour and partitioning of 22 priority organic pollutants in sewers and sewage works providing treatment by the activated sludge process. There were significant reductions in the concentrations of the pollutants except for lindane (45 per cent removal) and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (79 per cent removal) in particular. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Petrasek, A C AU - Kugelman, I J AU - Austern, B M AU - Pressley, T A AU - Winslow, LA AU - Wise, R H AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1286 EP - 1296 VL - 55 IS - 10 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13852304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Fate+of+toxic+organic+compounds+in+wastewater+treatment+plants&rft.au=Petrasek%2C+A+C%3BKugelman%2C+I+J%3BAustern%2C+B+M%3BPressley%2C+T+A%3BWinslow%2C+LA%3BWise%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Petrasek&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of mutagens from drinking water by granular activated carbon AN - 13851655; 198400334 AB - Two bacterial mutagenicity tests were used to assess the performance of a full-scale granular activated carbon (GAC) system used to remove mutagens from Ohio river water at a water works in Cincinnati . The results demonstrate the usefulness of short-term mutagenicity tests for this purpose. Fresh GAC removed about 90 per cent of the organic matter present in the water, but only 34 per cent was removed after the carbon had been in use for 3 months: 85 per cent of the mutagenic activity, however, was still removed. JF - Water Research AU - Monarca, S AU - Meier, J R AU - Bull, R J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1015 EP - 1026 VL - 17 IS - 9 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13851655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Removal+of+mutagens+from+drinking+water+by+granular+activated+carbon&rft.au=Monarca%2C+S%3BMeier%2C+J+R%3BBull%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Monarca&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control of ozone disinfection by exhaust gas monitoring AN - 13851428; 198400430 AB - Experiments were carried out on secondary effluents from six sewage works in Ohio to compare the effectiveness of two different parameters (residual ozone in the liquid and ozone concentration in the exhaust gas) as a means of controlling disinfection by ozone. It is concluded that monitoring the ozone concentration in the exhaust gas is more reliable than measuring dissolved ozone. The advantages of this procedure are listed. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Venosa, AD AU - Meckes, M C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1163 EP - 1167 VL - 55 IS - 9 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13851428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Control+of+ozone+disinfection+by+exhaust+gas+monitoring&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BMeckes%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen control in domestic wastewater rapid infiltration systems AN - 13851302; 198400432 AB - Tabulated and graphical results are presented from experiments to investigate the effect of cyclic applications of sewage works effluent to lysimeters, on hydraulic loading and nitrogen removal. Total and nitrate-nitrogen could be effectively removed from secondary effluent by rapid infiltration land disposal. The most effective operating schedule involved one-day flooding followed by one-day drying; longer flooding and drying periods permitted treatment of larger volumes of effluent, but were less effective in removing nitrogen. Some problems were caused by development of algal blooms during the flooding periods, even with the one-day cycle. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Leach, LE AU - Enfield, C G AD - U.S. EPA, Ada, Okla. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1150 EP - 1157 VL - 55 IS - 9 KW - Effluent (treated) (see also sewage works effluent) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13851302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+control+in+domestic+wastewater+rapid+infiltration+systems&rft.au=Leach%2C+LE%3BEnfield%2C+C+G&rft.aulast=Leach&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of sampling variables on recovery of volatile organics in water AN - 13851243; 198401016 AB - A laboratory system is described to assess the effect of sampling variables on the recovery of nine volatile organic compounds in water, using a peristaltic-pump sampler. The variables studied are transport-line material, pumping rate, concentration of organic compounds, sample lift and sample preservation. Tables illustrate the experimental design and results of analysis . The most important variable found in this study is the transport-line material. It is shown that samples in partially filled bottles can be preserved satisfactorily at 4C for at least 2 days. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Ho, JSY AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 583 EP - 586 VL - 75 IS - 11 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13851243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Effect+of+sampling+variables+on+recovery+of+volatile+organics+in+water&rft.au=Ho%2C+JSY&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=JSY&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of holding time and temperature on coliform numbers in drinking water AN - 13851018; 198400555 AB - An investigation of sample storage effects on coliform counts in drinking water is reported. It is based on coliform-positive samples from a drinking water distribution system rather than from polluted surface waters, direct coliform counts by the MF technique rather than the MPN index, and an experimental design that kept sample variance low and produced data that conformed to currently used statistical evaluations. Coliform losses during storage resulted in samples with initially unacceptable counts being reported as acceptable after 24 hours, either at ambient or refrigerated temperatures. It is recommended that samples be iced and analysed within 6 hours of collection. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - McDaniels, A E AU - Bordner, R H AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 458 EP - 463 VL - 75 IS - 9 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13851018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Effects+of+holding+time+and+temperature+on+coliform+numbers+in+drinking+water&rft.au=McDaniels%2C+A+E%3BBordner%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=McDaniels&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=458&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Algae removal by the overland flow process AN - 13849850; 198401043 AB - Overland flow is a method of sewage treatment in which the sewage is applied at the top of an evenly graded slope, collected at the bottom, and discharged; the effluent must meet the standards for secondary treatment. With this system, some form of storage may be necessary, and experiments were, therefore, carried out on the suitability of lagoons for preliminary treatment, and on the efficiency of algal removal by overland flow. Preliminary treatment in facultative lagoons had certain advantages, but overland flow did not reduce total suspended solids satisfactorily during periods of algal blooms. The performance of the overland flow system was affected by both the numbers and species of phytoplankton present. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Witherow, J L AU - Bledsoe, B E AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1256 EP - 1262 VL - 55 IS - 10 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13849850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Algae+removal+by+the+overland+flow+process&rft.au=Witherow%2C+J+L%3BBledsoe%2C+B+E&rft.aulast=Witherow&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metals removals and partitioning in conventional wastewater treatment plants AN - 13849794; 198400433 AB - Tabulated results are presented from pilot scale studies on the removal of metals usually present in sewage entering a sewage works in Cincinnati, Ohio , during treatment by the activated sludge process. Primary sludge contained 10-15 per cent of the metals entering the plant , and surplus activated sludge contained about 30 per cent of the total metals. The average removal of the 13 metals investigated was 42 per cent. Further studies are in progress on the partitioning of metals between the soluble and insoluble fractions and on the inhibitory effects of the metals on the activated sludge process. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Petrasek, A C AU - Kugelman, I J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1183 EP - 1190 VL - 55 IS - 9 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13849794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Metals+removals+and+partitioning+in+conventional+wastewater+treatment+plants&rft.au=Petrasek%2C+A+C%3BKugelman%2C+I+J&rft.aulast=Petrasek&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. light vehicles - some exciting news for the 1990s. AN - 13849503; 700725 AB - The next generation of U.S. passenger cars and light trucks could have an average fuel economy of more than 25 km/l if the nation so desires and establishes that goal now. By applying available technology and making prudent decisions regarding certain vehicle characteristics which significantly affect fuel economy, such high levels of fuel economy can be achieved and personal mobility preserved, without significant sacrifices. JF - RESOUR. CONSERV. AU - Gray, CL Jr AD - U.S. EPA, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 65 EP - 84 VL - 10 IS - 1/2 KW - United States KW - fuel efficiency KW - automotive engineering KW - economics KW - fuel technology KW - motor vehicles KW - transportation KW - Mechanical Engineering Abstracts (ISMEC); Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H SE1.26:ENERGY CONSERVATION KW - H ST2.1:BASIC APPROACHES, CONCEPTS, AND THEORY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13849503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RESOUR.+CONSERV.&rft.atitle=U.S.+light+vehicles+-+some+exciting+news+for+the+1990s.&rft.au=Gray%2C+CL+Jr&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=RESOUR.+CONSERV.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fuel technology; economics; transportation; motor vehicles; automotive engineering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comprehensive prebiological screen for ecotoxicologic effects AN - 13848392; S198413858 AB - A prebiological screening of neutral or weakly ionized organic chemicals to assess areas of possible environmental hazard is presented. The simple properties of chemicals, the octanol water partition coefficient, Henry's Law constant and biodegradability half life are used to evaluate ecotoxicologic testing requirements prior to direct screening using various organisms. Figures illustrate the methods used and areas of concern. Properties suggesting ecotoxicologic concern for bioaccumulation and chronic effects, multispecies/multimedia involvement, inhalation toxicology and abiotic atmospheric effects are discussed. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Gillett, J W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 463 EP - 476 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Hazard KW - Jn - environ. toxicol. and chem. KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13848392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+comprehensive+prebiological+screen+for+ecotoxicologic+effects&rft.au=Gillett%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Gillett&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and chronic effects of diflubenzuron (Dimilin) on freshwater fish and invertebrates AN - 13848049; 198401433 AB - Tabulated results are presented and discussed from acute and chronic bioassays to determine the toxicity of the pesticide Dimilin (active ingredient, diflubenzuron) to two species of freshwater fish and seven species of invertebrates. The fish were not affected at any of the test concentrations, but insect larvae and crustaceans were shown to be very sensitive to the pesticide, and were killed at concentrations lower than those that would be found in the field. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nebeker, A V AU - McKinney, P AU - Cairns, MA AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 329 EP - 336 VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Diflubenzuron KW - Insect KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13848049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Acute+and+chronic+effects+of+diflubenzuron+%28Dimilin%29+on+freshwater+fish+and+invertebrates&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BMcKinney%2C+P%3BCairns%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of an ozone disinfection model for municipal wastewater effluents AN - 13847125; 198400429 AB - The efficiency of an empirical mathematical model of ozone disinfection was tested by applying it to secondary effluents from several sewage works in Ohio. For most works, the model predicted reasonably accurately the numbers of total coliforms remaining in the effluent, in terms of ozone transferred and the effluent ozone demand. The exception was a works receiving a high proportion of industrial wastewaters. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Meckes, M C AU - Venosa, AD AU - Evans, J W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1158 EP - 1162 VL - 55 IS - 9 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13847125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Application+of+an+ozone+disinfection+model+for+municipal+wastewater+effluents&rft.au=Meckes%2C+M+C%3BVenosa%2C+AD%3BEvans%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Meckes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The analysis of organohalides in water - an evaluation update AN - 13846918; 198400251 AB - A method has been evaluated for the determination of organic halides in water by carbon adsorption. The water was passed through a pair of minicolumns mounted in series and packed with granular activated carbon. Data were assembled to evaluate this method of total organic halide analysis with regard to adsorption efficiency for both samples and standards . Emphasis was given to the function of columns in series, the repeatability of sample results and the precision of standard measurements. The instrument used was dependable, but the method did not completely account for trihalomethanes. The per cent of breakthrough on to the second column at various loads ranging from 1-90 ug showed that recovery of halides was at least 95 per cent of the load applied. A load limit of 50 ug is recommended for optimal performance. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Dressman, R C AU - Stevens, A A AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 431 EP - 434 VL - 75 IS - 8 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Columns KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13846918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=The+analysis+of+organohalides+in+water+-+an+evaluation+update&rft.au=Dressman%2C+R+C%3BStevens%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Dressman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Substrate associated microfauna. AN - 13846411; 695525 AB - A literature review on pollution effects on substrate associated microfauna. JF - J. WATER POLLUT. CONTROL FED. AU - Burton, GA Jr AU - Lazorchak, J M AD - U.S. EPA, Region VI, 1201 Elm St., Dallas, TX 75270, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 863 EP - 869 VL - 55 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1303, 0043-1303 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - biological sampling KW - literature reviews KW - environmental impact KW - benthos KW - ecology KW - Freshwater KW - water pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13846411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.atitle=Substrate+associated+microfauna.&rft.au=Burton%2C+GA+Jr%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=GA&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=863&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.issn=00431303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Literature Review Issue; Bibliogr.: 72 ref. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biological sampling; literature reviews; environmental impact; benthos; ecology; water pollution; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disease outbreaks caused by drinking water. AN - 13845269; 696087 AB - A literature review. JF - J. WATER POLLUT. CONTROL FED. AU - Dufour AD - U.S. EPA, Health Effects Res. Lab., 25 W. St. Clair, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 905 EP - 908 VL - 55 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1303, 0043-1303 KW - disease transmission KW - drinking water KW - epidemics KW - literature reviews KW - potable water KW - reviews KW - water-borne diseases KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - pathogens KW - diseases KW - water pollution KW - bibliographies KW - public health KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - V 22123:Epidemiology KW - J 02905:Water KW - A 01108:Other water systems KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13845269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.atitle=Disease+outbreaks+caused+by+drinking+water.&rft.au=Dufour&rft.aulast=Dufour&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=905&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.issn=00431303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Literature review issue. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bibliographies; epidemics; literature reviews; pathogens; diseases; water pollution; public health; reviews; water-borne diseases; drinking water; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrification in BOD5 test increases POTW non-compliance AN - 13844434; 198401238 AB - Analysis of data from 40 sewage works in U.S.A. has demonstrated that many of the reported violations of BOD effluent standards are due to nitrification occurring during the BOD5 test, rather than to inadequate sewage treatment. The U.S. EPA is proposing that the carbonaceous BOD test (in which nitrification is inhibited by addition of 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine) should be used to avoid such difficulties. JF - Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation AU - Hall, J C AU - Foxen, R J AD - U.S. EPA, Washington Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1461 EP - 1469 VL - 55 IS - 12 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13844434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.atitle=Nitrification+in+BOD5+test+increases+POTW+non-compliance&rft.au=Hall%2C+J+C%3BFoxen%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Pollution+Control+Federation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early life-stage toxicity test with tidewater silversides (Menidia peninsulae) and chlorine-produced oxidants AN - 13842179; S198412745 AB - Tabulated results are presented from bioassays to determine the toxicity of chlorine-produced oxidants to the early life stages of an estuarine fish, Menidia peninsulae; the methods used for rearing the fish in the laboratory and for carrying out the tests are described. The chlorine-produced oxidants did not affect survival of embryos, but did affect survival of newly hatched fry. The results are discussed and compared with those reported for other estuarine and marine fish species. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Goodman, L R AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Hansen, D J AU - Higdon, P K AU - Cripe, G M AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 337 EP - 342 VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Jn - environ. toxicol. and chem. KW - Rearing KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13842179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Early+life-stage+toxicity+test+with+tidewater+silversides+%28Menidia+peninsulae%29+and+chlorine-produced+oxidants&rft.au=Goodman%2C+L+R%3BMiddaugh%2C+D+P%3BHansen%2C+D+J%3BHigdon%2C+P+K%3BCripe%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Goodman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiology: Methodology and quality assurance. AN - 13839536; 695562 AB - A literature review on testing for indicator species in polluted waters. JF - J. WATER POLLUT. CONTROL FED. AU - Bordner, R H AD - Microbiol. Sect., EMSL/EPA, 26 W. St. Clair St., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 881 EP - 890 VL - 55 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1303, 0043-1303 KW - literature reviews KW - microbial contamination KW - microbial pollution KW - microbiological analysis KW - pathogenic bacteria KW - reviews KW - water quality control KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - bibliographies KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - indicator species KW - water analysis KW - water pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q2:09441 KW - J 02905:Water KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13839536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.atitle=Microbiology%3A+Methodology+and+quality+assurance.&rft.au=Bordner%2C+R+H&rft.aulast=Bordner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=881&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.issn=00431303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Literature review issue. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microbiological analysis; pathogenic bacteria; bibliographies; microbial contamination; indicator species; literature reviews; water analysis; water quality control; water pollution; microbial pollution; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiology of water. AN - 13838484; 695553 AB - A literature review on pollution effects on aquatic microorganims and indicator species of pollution. JF - J. WATER POLLUT. CONTROL FED. AU - Geldreich, EE AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., MERL/EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 869 EP - 881 VL - 55 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1303, 0043-1303 KW - aquatic microorganisms KW - literature reviews KW - microbial contamination KW - microbial pollution KW - microbiological analysis KW - reviews KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - bibliographies KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - indicator species KW - ecology KW - water pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q2:09441 KW - J 02905:Water KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13838484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.atitle=Microbiology+of+water.&rft.au=Geldreich%2C+EE&rft.aulast=Geldreich&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=869&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.issn=00431303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Literature review issue; 155 ref. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microbiological analysis; bibliographies; microbial contamination; indicator species; literature reviews; ecology; water pollution; reviews; aquatic microorganisms; microbial pollution; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute toxicity of butyl benzyl phthalate to the saltwater fish English sole, Parophrys vetulus AN - 13838224; S198516731 AB - Results are presented from static and flow-through toxicity tests to determine the effect of the priority pollutant, butyl benzyl phthalate, on the marine fish, Parophrys vetulus. The 96 hour LC50 values were estimated. Sublethal effects were observed at all concentrations tested, even as low as 0.1 ppm. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Randall, R C AU - Ozretich, RJ AU - Boese, B L AD - U.S. EPA, Newport, Ore. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 670 EP - 672 VL - 17 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13838224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Acute+toxicity+of+butyl+benzyl+phthalate+to+the+saltwater+fish+English+sole%2C+Parophrys+vetulus&rft.au=Randall%2C+R+C%3BOzretich%2C+RJ%3BBoese%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Randall&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=670&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiology of potable water and groundwater. AN - 13837351; 695577 AB - A literature review. JF - J. WATER POLLUT. CONTROL FED. AU - Reasoner, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Agency, Microbiol. Treatment Branch, Drinking Water Res. Div., MERL, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 891 EP - 895 VL - 55 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1303, 0043-1303 KW - literature reviews KW - microbial contamination KW - microbial pollution KW - reviews KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - bibliographies KW - groundwater pollution KW - Freshwater KW - ground water KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q2:09441 KW - J 02905:Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13837351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.atitle=Microbiology+of+potable+water+and+groundwater.&rft.au=Reasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Reasoner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+WATER+POLLUT.+CONTROL+FED.&rft.issn=00431303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Literature review issue. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bibliographies; microbial contamination; groundwater pollution; literature reviews; ground water; reviews; microbial pollution; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photolysis rates of (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid and 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid in natural waters AN - 13836541; S198515538 AB - The photochemical behaviour of the herbicides, 2,4,5-T and picloram was studied in natural water, distilled water and fulvic acid solutions. Reaction quantum yields were determined and the near surface half life for picloram was computed to be 2.2 days in natural water and 15 days for 2,4,5-T. Humic substances enhanced the photolysis rate of 2,4,5-T but were of too low a concentration to significantly affect picloram. Preliminary studies carried out on the influence of iron(III) species and hydrogen peroxide on photolysis rates of 2,4,5-T indicated they may contribute to its degradation in weakly acidic conditions. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Skurlatova, YI AU - Zepp, R G AU - Baughman, G L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 1065 EP - 1071 VL - 31 IS - 5 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13836541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Photolysis+rates+of+%282%2C4%2C5-trichlorophenoxy%29acetic+acid+and+4-amino-3%2C5%2C6-trichloropicolinic+acid+in+natural+waters&rft.au=Skurlatova%2C+YI%3BZepp%2C+R+G%3BBaughman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Skurlatova&rft.aufirst=YI&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1065&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxic metal mobility in groundwater systems as influenced by acid rain AN - 13836193; S198517077 AB - Following the discovery of elevated arsenic levels in water from domestic wells in the vicinity of Fuelon Canal, Ohio, 88 wells were sampled to determine the magnitude and extent of arsenic contamination of groundwater. Its relationship to the geological characteristics of the aquifer and other superimposed climatic or anthropogenic effects were also assessed. From the results, adsorption of arsenic on to ferric oxyhydroxides in the aquifer was suggested as the controlling mechanism for arsenic contamination. Subsequent minor decreases in pH or redox potential lead to dissolution of the solid phase and the release of both ferrous ions and arsenic into the water. Further contamination might arise due to the aggressive nature of the water when in contact with domestic plumbing systems. JF - Trace Substances in Environmental Health-XVII (edited by D.D. Hemphill). Missouri University AU - Khourey, C J AU - Matisoff, G AU - Strain, W H AU - Varnes, A W AD - Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, Twinsberg Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 174 EP - 180,37232 KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13836193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trace+Substances+in+Environmental+Health-XVII+%28edited+by+D.D.+Hemphill%29.+Missouri+University&rft.atitle=Toxic+metal+mobility+in+groundwater+systems+as+influenced+by+acid+rain&rft.au=Khourey%2C+C+J%3BMatisoff%2C+G%3BStrain%2C+W+H%3BVarnes%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Khourey&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trace+Substances+in+Environmental+Health-XVII+%28edited+by+D.D.+Hemphill%29.+Missouri+University&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Removal of viruses from raw waters by treatment processes AN - 13836047; S198517099 AB - The virus removal efficiency of different processes employed in the treatment of raw water for potable supplies is discussed. The principal processes considered comprised coagulation and flocculation using metallic coagulants and organic flocculating agents, chemical softening processes, filtration methods consisting of rapid sand filtration, slow sand filtration and filtration through diatomaceous earth. The relationship between the nature of virus particles and their behaviour during the preparation of potable supplies is also discussed, since turbidity reduction could be related to virus removal. Although some of these processes might be optimized for virus removal, the variability under practical conditions demonstrated the need for an additional disinfection step when treating virus contaminated raw water. JF - Viral Pollution of the Environment (edited by G. Berg). CRC Press, Boca Raton AU - Hoff, J C AU - Akin, E W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 53 EP - 75,36662 KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13836047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Viral+Pollution+of+the+Environment+%28edited+by+G.+Berg%29.+CRC+Press%2C+Boca+Raton&rft.atitle=Removal+of+viruses+from+raw+waters+by+treatment+processes&rft.au=Hoff%2C+J+C%3BAkin%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Hoff&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Viral+Pollution+of+the+Environment+%28edited+by+G.+Berg%29.+CRC+Press%2C+Boca+Raton&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of creosote-contaminated sediment to field- and laboratory-colonized estuarine benthic communities. AN - 13819156; 662795 AB - Macrobenthic animal communities that colonized uncontaminated and creosote-contaminated sand (177, 844 and 4,420 mu g/g, nominal) during 8 weeks were compared to assess effects of marine-grade creosote on community structure. Individuals and species in aquaria that contained 844 and 4,420 mu g creosote/g sand were significantly fewer than those in the control. Abundance of animals in field-colonized communities contaminated with 177 mu g/g creosote, but not in laboratory-colonized communities, also was less than that in the control. The lowest creosote concentration at either site that affected numbers of individuals or species was 844 mu g/g for mollusks and 177 mu g/g for echinoderms, annelids and arthropods. Rarefaction indices of diversity indicated that the distribution of individuals within species was about the same for laboratory and field assemblages of animals, the laboratory and by 42% in the field at the end of the 8-week test. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Tagatz, ME AU - Plaia, G R AU - Deans, CH AU - Lores, E M AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 441 EP - 450 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - benthic environment KW - biocenoses KW - contamination KW - creosote KW - marine fauna KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - community composition KW - marine pollution KW - Brackish KW - benthos KW - toxicity KW - marine environment KW - sediments KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13819156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+creosote-contaminated+sediment+to+field-+and+laboratory-colonized+estuarine+benthic+communities.&rft.au=Tagatz%2C+ME%3BPlaia%2C+G+R%3BDeans%2C+CH%3BLores%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Tagatz&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=441&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - community composition; toxicity; marine environment; marine pollution; sediments; benthos; benthic environment; marine fauna; biocenoses; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subtractive technique for analyzing natural oleffinic hydrocarbon. AN - 13818596; 673822 AB - The selective removal of some C sub(10) olefinic terpenes from hydrocarbon mixtures was investigated since direct gas chromatographic analysis of mixtures of these compounds is hampered by severe peak overlaps. A HgSO sub(4)-H sub(2)SO sub(4) precolumn stripper was used to efficiently strip several C sub(10) olefinic terpenes from complex mixtures of other hydrocarbons. This procedure permits investigators to identify and measure terpenes accurately both in rural forested areas and in urban areas. JF - J. ENVIRON. SCI. HEALTH. AU - Lonneman, WA AU - Bufalini, JJ AU - Seila, R L AU - Kuntz, R L AD - Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 527 EP - 539 VL - A18 IS - 4 KW - pollutant detection KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - gas chromatography KW - urban areas KW - rural areas KW - hydrocarbons KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13818596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH.&rft.atitle=Subtractive+technique+for+analyzing+natural+oleffinic+hydrocarbon.&rft.au=Lonneman%2C+WA%3BBufalini%2C+JJ%3BSeila%2C+R+L%3BKuntz%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Lonneman&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=A18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+ENVIRON.+SCI.+HEALTH.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrocarbons; gas chromatography; rural areas; urban areas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorobenzene-impaired lindane metabolism and the effect of pretreatment with chlorobenzene, lindane, or chlorobenzene plus lindane. AN - 13812698; 675906 AB - The storage and metabolism of lindane ( gamma -HCH) was studied in the female rat after the administration of a hepatotoxic dose of chlorobenzene. Impaired lindane metabolism was observed following a challenge dose of 1.12 g chlorobenzene/kg. The data indicated that a hepatotoxic dose of chlorobenzene (CB) selectively impaired certain pathways, such as dehydrochlorination and the direct hydroxylation of lindane, to a greater extent than others, such as the dehydrogenation and dechlorination of lindane. Pretreatment with a subtoxic level of chlorobenzene produced: significant increases in the dehydrogenation of lindane, and significant increase in the excretion of conjugated metabolites. Repeated pretreatment with a subtoxic level of chlorobenzene offered significant protection against the reduction in lindane metabolism produced by the single hepatotoxic dose of chlorobenzene. Pretreatment with gamma -HCH alone was not as effective against the hepatotoxic effect of CB on lindane metabolism. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Copeland, M F AU - Froehlich, R AU - Cooke, N AD - US EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Health Effects Res. Lab., Dev. Biol. Div., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 599 EP - 610 VL - 12 IS - 4-6 SN - 0093-4108, 0093-4108 KW - effects on KW - disposition KW - chlorobenzene KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - lindane KW - rats KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - toxicology KW - organochlorine compounds KW - H SE5.20:INSECTICIDES KW - X 24133:Metabolism KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13812698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Chlorobenzene-impaired+lindane+metabolism+and+the+effect+of+pretreatment+with+chlorobenzene%2C+lindane%2C+or+chlorobenzene+plus+lindane.&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+R+W%3BCopeland%2C+M+F%3BFroehlich%2C+R%3BCooke%2C+N&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4-6&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00934108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lindane; rats; organochlorine compounds; insecticides; toxicology; disposition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activated sludge with powdered activated carbon treatment of a dyes and pigments processing wastewater AN - 13812079; S198720583 AB - The influence of powdered activated carbon on the removal of BOD, COD, TOC and colour and on the reduction of toxicity during treatment of a dyeing process effluent by the activated sludge process was investigated. By comparing performance in the presence and absence of powdered activated carbon, it was apparent that the level of all the organic bulk parameters in the final effluent was substantially lower when activated carbon was present, the additional removal being a function of the amount of carbon added. The activated sludge process effected a 50 to 98 per cent reduction in toxicity based on three biotest procedures (using Daphnia, minnows and the Microtox method) and the toxicity was further reduced in the presence of activated carbon. JF - Proceedings 38th Industrial Waste Conference. Purdue University AU - Shaul, G M AU - Barnett, M W AU - Neiheisel, T W AU - Dostal, KA AD - U.S. EPA Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 659 EP - 671 KW - Effluent (treated) (see also sewage works effluent) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13812079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+38th+Industrial+Waste+Conference.+Purdue+University&rft.atitle=Activated+sludge+with+powdered+activated+carbon+treatment+of+a+dyes+and+pigments+processing+wastewater&rft.au=Shaul%2C+G+M%3BBarnett%2C+M+W%3BNeiheisel%2C+T+W%3BDostal%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Shaul&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+38th+Industrial+Waste+Conference.+Purdue+University&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field applications of chemical time-series sampling AN - 13810062; S198720974 AB - A data-gathering scheme is described, allowing a decreased frequency of sampling while pumping continues. A combined chemical time-series study and pumping test was conducted on two wells in Lakewood Water District (Wash.) found to be contaminated with tri- and tetrachloroethylene. Given the difficulty of locating a contaminant source by non-pumping monitoring well installations alone, the confidence placed on chemical time-series patterns, and associated hydraulic testing, was considered warranted. Nevertheless, chemical time-series sampling should be seen as another useful tool for contaminant hydrologists, and not as a panacea. Only the prudent use of the technique will afford increased efficiency and reduced costs for groundwater contamination studies. JF - Ground Water Monitoring Review AU - Keely, J F AU - Wolf, F AD - R.S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 26 EP - 33 VL - 3 IS - 4 KW - Reduction KW - Tri- (seealso without prefix) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13810062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.atitle=Field+applications+of+chemical+time-series+sampling&rft.au=Keely%2C+J+F%3BWolf%2C+F&rft.aulast=Keely&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+Review&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Velocity plots and capture zones of pumping centers for groundwater investigations. AN - 13804653; 658354 AB - Nonpumping monitoring wells are commonly installed and sampled to delineate the extent of a contaminant plume and its chemical character. Samples from municipal and private pumping wells are frequently collected during groundwater contamination investigations as well. Pumping wells are also employed for remedial actions. To properly interpret sampling data from monitoring and pumping wells and to estimate their potential effectiveness in remedial actions, it is important to clearly define the geometry of that portion of the aquifer contributing water to the well. Velocity distribution plots by manual and computerized methods are illustrated and shown to be simple and of reasonable accuracy. JF - Ground Water AU - Keely, J F AU - Tsang, C F AD - Ground Water Res. Branch, R.S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., US EPA, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 701 EP - 714 VL - 21 IS - 6 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - wells KW - plumes KW - computer applications KW - groundwater KW - environmental monitoring KW - pumps KW - contamination KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13804653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Velocity+plots+and+capture+zones+of+pumping+centers+for+groundwater+investigations.&rft.au=Keely%2C+J+F%3BTsang%2C+C+F&rft.aulast=Keely&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - plumes; groundwater; contamination; pumps; wells; environmental monitoring; computer applications ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stack sampling for organic emissions. AN - 13799590; 661792 AB - Along with increased activity in source sampling for organics, there have been many improvements in the methods of acquiring samples. Much has been learned about how best to proceed, and a number of potentially serious pitfalls have been discovered, characterized, and circumvented. Unfortunately, communication of all of this new technology has not always been effective. This paper reviews some of the more important fundamental principles involved in stack sampling for organics, briefly describes and discusses recently developed equipment, and points out a few of the more serious pitfalls to be avoided. Extensive references are provided, many of which are often overlooked by newcomers to the field. The conclusion is reached that it is possible to consistently obtain high quality samples of organic materials from stationary source stacks, even though knowledge and caution are necessary. JF - Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry AU - Johnson, L D AU - Merrill, RG Jr AD - Ind. Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 109 EP - 126 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 0277-2248, 0277-2248 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality KW - organic compounds KW - emissions KW - stacks KW - sampling methods KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13799590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+and+Environmental+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Stack+sampling+for+organic+emissions.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+L+D%3BMerrill%2C+RG+Jr&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+and+Environmental+Chemistry&rft.issn=02772248&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; stacks; emissions; sampling methods; air quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Collaborative test of method 6-B: Twenty-four-hour analysis of SO sub(2) and CO sub(2). AN - 13797754; 659768 AB - The results are presented from the collaborative test of EPA Method 6-B for the 24-h analysis of SO sub(2), CO sub(2), and emission rate. Using both the intermittent and continuous options of Method 6-B, nine laboratories simultaneously sampled the stack at a flue gas desulfurizing unit of a coal burning electric power plant. The precision and accuracy of the method was based on results of 145 24-h determinations performed by the collaborators over a five day period. The estimates of repeatability expressed as a percent of the overall averages were: SO sub(2), 9.8%; CO sub(2), 9.9%; and E.R., 8.0%. The reproducibility were: SO sub(2), 12.9%; CO sub(2), 13.2%; and E.R., 11.1%. The relative accuracy of the collaborative test results was determined by comparing the results obtained by reference methods and the plant continuous monitor. This overall accuracy for SO sub(2), CO sub(2), and E.R. was within 3%. Further tests performed during the sampling period proved that 5 A degree molecular sieves are a reliable alternate method for adsorption of CO sub(2). JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Butler, FE Jr AU - Knoll, JE AU - Suggs, J C AU - Midgett, M R AU - Mason, W AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., Off. Res. Dev., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 968 EP - 973 VL - 33 IS - 10 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - sulfur dioxide KW - emissions KW - power plants KW - air pollution KW - carbon dioxide KW - sampling methods KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13797754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Collaborative+test+of+method+6-B%3A+Twenty-four-hour+analysis+of+SO+sub%282%29+and+CO+sub%282%29.&rft.au=Butler%2C+FE+Jr%3BKnoll%2C+JE%3BSuggs%2C+J+C%3BMidgett%2C+M+R%3BMason%2C+W&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=FE&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=968&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sulfur dioxide; carbon dioxide; emissions; power plants; air pollution; sampling methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quality assurance and quality control data validation procedures used for the Love Canal and Dallas lead soil monitoring programs. AN - 13781945; 639924 AB - Public awareness of soils contamination has increased in recent years due in part to the notoriety associated with the indiscriminate release, packaging, transporting and disposal of hazardous materials. In 1980, and again in 1982, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was responsible for designing, implementing and conducting environmental monitoring programs at Love Canal in Niagara Falls, New York, and in Dallas, Texas, that dealt with suspected contaminated soils. Both of these monitoring programs were conducted over a relatively short time with the collection and analysis of over 4000 soil samples. The methods employed by Environmental Protection Agency for providing soil data that was scientifically valid and of defensible quality for each of these monitoring programs are presented. Also, methods for identifying data bias, its precision and its uncertainty are identified. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Brown, K W AU - Black, S C AD - Exposure Assess. Res. Div., Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89114, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 113 EP - 122 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - quality control KW - soils KW - hazardous materials KW - government programs KW - USA, New York, Niagra Falls KW - soil pollution KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution monitoring KW - USA, Texas, Dallas KW - ecology KW - contamination KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13781945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Quality+assurance+and+quality+control+data+validation+procedures+used+for+the+Love+Canal+and+Dallas+lead+soil+monitoring+programs.&rft.au=Brown%2C+K+W%3BBlack%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Texas, Dallas; hazardous materials; contamination; government programs; ecology; pollution monitoring; soil pollution ER - TY - CONF T1 - The use of scientific information in setting ambient air standards. AN - 13775942; 636379 AB - The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1977, requires periodic review and revision of all national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) to insure that they are based on the latest scientific information. This article presents an overview of how EPA currently reviews and established NAAQS. The role of scientific information and expertise in the process is illustrates by a review of several key issues faced in the development of the proposed revisions to the carbon monoxide NAAQS. Finally, a risk analysis framework being developed within EPA's Office of Air Qualtiy Planning and Standards for possible future use in NAAQS reviews is described. The prinicipal objective of the risk analysis framework is to provide more formal treatment of uncertainties in the scientific data base. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Jordan, B C AU - Richmond, H M AU - McCurdy, T Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 233 EP - 240 VL - 52 KW - determinaton KW - methodology KW - pollution levels KW - air KW - air quality standards KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - pollution control KW - reviews KW - standards KW - risk assessment KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - D 04804:Pollution control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13775942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+use+of+scientific+information+in+setting+ambient+air+standards.&rft.au=Jordan%2C+B+C%3BRichmond%2C+H+M%3BMcCurdy%2C+T&rft.aulast=Jordan&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Can animal pulmonary function testing provide data for regulatory decision making?. AN - 13770443; 636242 AB - The process of setting health standards requires rigorous, scientifically sound data that relate to man's interaction with his environment. Tests of pulmonary function are especially useful, since they may permit some direct comparisons between animals and man. The development of tests to measure pulmonary function in small animals has been important, and research into the health effects of air pollution may be greatly strengthened with the use of data from such measurements. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - O'Neil, J J AU - Raub, JA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 215 EP - 219 VL - 52 KW - comparison KW - use KW - man KW - recommendations KW - air quality standards KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - respiratory system KW - respiratory function KW - animals KW - animal models KW - standards KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SM10.24:PULMONARY DISEASES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13770443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Can+animal+pulmonary+function+testing+provide+data+for+regulatory+decision+making%3F.&rft.au=O%27Neil%2C+J+J%3BRaub%2C+JA&rft.aulast=O%27Neil&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Limits for the disposal of waste containing alpha-emitting radionuclides. AN - 13767204; 636594 AB - An increasing amount of waste is being designated as alpha-contaminated waste requiring interim, retrievable storage, and ultimate transfer to a geologic disposal facility. Additional material has also been identified as potentially requiring such segregation. The technical community concerned with such matters intensified is efforts to examine the rationale and supporting data that led to the specific concentration limit used in this designation. The present workshop was convened to address these matters and included technical papers and discussions aimed at the question of whether the presently-used limit is founded on sufficiently compelling information to allow no change in magnitude without significant and detrimental impact on the health and safety of the public. JF - NUCL. CHEM. WASTE MGMT. AU - Moghissi, A A AD - E.P.A. Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 9 EP - 10 VL - 4 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - radioactive wastes KW - geology KW - radioisotopes KW - waste disposal KW - disposal sites KW - alpha radiation KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13767204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NUCL.+CHEM.+WASTE+MGMT.&rft.atitle=Limits+for+the+disposal+of+waste+containing+alpha-emitting+radionuclides.&rft.au=Moghissi%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Moghissi&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NUCL.+CHEM.+WASTE+MGMT.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alpha radiation; radioisotopes; waste disposal; geology; disposal sites; radioactive wastes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurements of primary sulfates with an acid condensation system. AN - 13767024; 636541 AB - Two techniques were used to measure primary sulfuric acid and sulfate emissions from two small package boilers burning nominal 0.3% sulfur fuels, one with 11 ppm vanadium and one with 4.3 ppm vanadium. Several of the particulate fractions from both sampling methods were analyzed for sulfuric acid using a selective solvent determination (SSD) procedure. The sulfuric acid present on the filters accounted for a minimum of 11% of the particulate emission rates. The observed conversion of sulfur dioxide to primary sulfate or primary sulfuric acid is reduced considerably when sulfate ion detected in an isopropanol impinger is attributed to sulfur dioxide conversion in the solution rather than to primary sulfuric acid. An additional reduction occurs when the method of calculating the conversion is based solely on sulfur weight. This study gives a fourfold reduction in percent conversion when compared to a similar study conducted earlier. Suggestions are offered for improvements in measurement methods and for a consistent technique for calculating sulfur conversion. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Cheney, J L AU - Chehaske, J AU - Greenberg, S AD - Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, MD 46, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 588 EP - 591 VL - 33 IS - 6 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - sulfuric acid KW - emissions KW - boilers KW - sulfates KW - particulates KW - measuring methods KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13767024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Measurements+of+primary+sulfates+with+an+acid+condensation+system.&rft.au=Cheney%2C+J+L%3BChehaske%2C+J%3BGreenberg%2C+S&rft.aulast=Cheney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=588&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sulfuric acid; sulfates; boilers; emissions; particulates; measuring methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of models for toxic substances in rivers. AN - 13759026; 621201 AB - Mathematical modeling has become an accepted technique for evaluating the risk associated with environmental release of toxic substances. Models of toxic substances in rivers range from simplified, plug-flow transport procedures to dynamic water and sediment routing algorithms incorporating the physical, chemical, and biological processes that determine toxicant concentration in time and space. Four levels of complexity of these models can be identified: steady-state, constant flow; plug flow, time-variable analytical solution; quasi-dynamic routing with simple bed interaction; and dynamic routing with process-oriented bed interaction. In each level, sorption, volatility, and degradation processes of organic toxicants are included. These four levels of models were compared by predicting pesticide fate and transport within the Yazoo River basin, Mississippi, USA. For some cases, both water and sediment were simulated. JF - EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Barnwell, TO AU - Ambrose, R B AU - Mulkey, LA AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, GA 30613, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 698 VL - 64 IS - 45 SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - USA, Mississippi, Yazoo R. KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - H12-06 KW - transport KW - mathematical models KW - Freshwater KW - pesticides KW - rivers KW - toxicants KW - fate KW - Q2:09442 KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13759026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EOS%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+models+for+toxic+substances+in+rivers.&rft.au=Barnwell%2C+TO%3BAmbrose%2C+R+B%3BMulkey%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Barnwell&rft.aufirst=TO&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=45&rft.spage=698&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EOS%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Summary only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - transport; mathematical models; rivers; pesticides; toxicants; fate; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's program for establishing standards of performance for new stationary sources of air pollution. AN - 13757624; 620587 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency is responsible for establishing, reviewing, and revising standards of performance for new stationary sources of air pollution. Since this federal program was authorized in 1970, standards of performance have been developed for 34 categories of stationary sources. These regulations have focused primarily on large new sources of particulate matter, NO sub(x), and SO sub(2) emissions. Recently, work has begun on NSPS for a number of source categories that emit volatile organic compounds. Environmental professionals in these industries and in many regulatory agencies have little direct experience with the NSPS program and are unaware of the detailed engineering, cost, and economic information available with each proposed rule-making. This article, therefore, reviews the purposes, procedures, and benefits of the NSPS program. A summary of the NSPS that have been promulgated through February 1983 are presented in tabular form. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Pahl, D AD - Emiss. Stand. Eng. Div., U.S. EPA, MD-13, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 468 EP - 482 VL - 33 IS - 5 KW - USA KW - government policy KW - EPA KW - nitrogen oxides KW - sulfur dioxide KW - emission control KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - D 04804:Pollution control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13757624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+program+for+establishing+standards+of+performance+for+new+stationary+sources+of+air+pollution.&rft.au=Pahl%2C+D&rft.aulast=Pahl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=468&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; air pollution; nitrogen oxides; sulfur dioxide; emission control; pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vegetation establishment on hostile sites. AN - 13721293; 592663 AB - The scope of the current development programme in Hong Kong, combined with the difficult terrain, has led to the creation of extensive areas which have been denuded of vegetation as a result of engineering works. The most dramatic and extensive are "borrow areas", some up to 100 hectares in area, which have been excavated for land fill. Equally important in landscape terms however are the smaller areas associated with most projects which, if revegetated, create opportunities for improvement in the appearance and quality of both the finished project and, cumulatively, the environment as a whole. In recent years there has been growing pressure to take advantage of these opportunities. This pressure is often expressed as a requirement for landscaping and revegetation works as an integral part of engineering contracts. The responsibility for this work often falls to the engineer who can find himself faced with the difficult tasks of supervising work for which he is neither trained nor familiar. This paper aims to illustrate the main factors to be considered in re-vegetation work, the development of re-vegetation techniques and how these techniques can be used to develop an effective re-vegetation program. JF - HONG KONG ENGINEER. AU - Ashcroft, B AD - EPA, Hong Kong Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 33 EP - 35 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1607-9183, 1607-9183 KW - Hong Kong KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - landfills KW - vegetation KW - land reclamation KW - resource management KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13721293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HONG+KONG+ENGINEER.&rft.atitle=Vegetation+establishment+on+hostile+sites.&rft.au=Ashcroft%2C+B&rft.aulast=Ashcroft&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HONG+KONG+ENGINEER.&rft.issn=16079183&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - vegetation; land reclamation; resource management; landfills ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The current use of studies on promoters and cocarcinogens in quantitative risk assessment. AN - 13702563; 576390 AB - With advances in studies on both the biological mechanisms and dose/response patterns of promoters and cocarcinogens, it may be possible to develop a scientifically valid quantitative approach to use this type of data for derivation of ambient water quality criteria or other risk assessments. Some progress toward this goal and the problems assocated with this effort are discussed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Stara, J F AU - Mukerjee, D AU - McGaughy, R AU - Durkin, P AU - Dourson, M L AD - Environ. Criteria and Assess. Off., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 359 EP - 368 VL - 50 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - methodology KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - reviews KW - safety regulations KW - water pollution KW - carcinogenicity testing KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13702563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+current+use+of+studies+on+promoters+and+cocarcinogens+in+quantitative+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Stara%2C+J+F%3BMukerjee%2C+D%3BMcGaughy%2C+R%3BDurkin%2C+P%3BDourson%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Stara&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water pollution; carcinogenicity testing; reviews; safety regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generation, disposal and control of hazardous waste in Hong Kong. AN - 13685924; 566500 AB - During the past fifteen years a number of well publicized events have focused public attention on the risks that can result from the uncontrolled disposal of hazardous waste. In the Love Canal district of New York State the health of many people was seriously harmed by the effects of hazardous waste dumped several decades earlier. Similar instances have occurred in Europe, though without such serious effects, the cause in each case being the migration of organic material from uncontrolled hazardous waste dumps. JF - HONG KONG ENGINEER. AU - Stokoe, MJ AD - EPA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 9 EP - 12 VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 1607-9183, 1607-9183 KW - public health KW - risk assessment KW - Hong Kong KW - industrial waste disposal KW - hazardous materials handling KW - environmental protection KW - hazardous materials KW - materials handling KW - waste disposal KW - Mechanical Engineering Abstracts (ISMEC); Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13685924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HONG+KONG+ENGINEER.&rft.atitle=Generation%2C+disposal+and+control+of+hazardous+waste+in+Hong+Kong.&rft.au=Stokoe%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Stokoe&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HONG+KONG+ENGINEER.&rft.issn=16079183&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - waste disposal; hazardous materials; materials handling; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photochemical reactivity of perchloroethylene: A new appraisal. AN - 13652822; 529397 AB - Perchloroethylene (PCE), a solvent used in dry cleaning, has been suspected of contributing significantly to photochemical ozone/oxidant (O sub(3)/O sub(x)) problems in urban atmospheres. Past evidence, however, was neither complete nor consistent. To interpret more conclusively the past evidence, and further understand PCE's role in the O sub(3)/O sub(x) problem, a smog chamber testing program was conducted. The program's objectives were: (a) to explain the mechanism of the PCE reaction in smog chamber atmospheres, and (b) to extrapolate the smog chamber findings regarding PCE reactivity to the real atmosphere. Results showed that in smog chambers, PCE reacts and forms O sub(3)/O sub(x) following what appears to be a CI instigated photooxidation mechanism rather than the OH initiated mechanism accepted in current smog chemistry. The evidence, collectively, strongly supported this conclusion even though the source of CI atoms could not be identified with confidence. It was further concluded that in the real atmosphere neither the CI instigated nor the OH instigated photooxidations of PCE can generate substantial concentrations of O sub(3)/O sub(x). In fact, PCE contributes less to the ambient O sub(3)/O sub(x) problem than equal concentrations of ethane. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Dimitriades, B AU - Gay, BW Jr AU - Arnts, R R AU - Seila, R L AD - Atmos. Chem. & Phys. Div., Environ. Sci. Res. Lab., Off. Res. & Dev., U.S. E.P.A., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 575 EP - 587 VL - 33 IS - 6 KW - perchloroethylene KW - ozone KW - photochemicals KW - chemical reactions KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - photooxidation KW - smog KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - D 04802:Pollution characteristics and fate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13652822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Photochemical+reactivity+of+perchloroethylene%3A+A+new+appraisal.&rft.au=Dimitriades%2C+B%3BGay%2C+BW+Jr%3BArnts%2C+R+R%3BSeila%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Dimitriades&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - perchloroethylene; ozone; photochemicals; smog; chemical reactions; photooxidation; air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water quality management in Hong Kong. AN - 13646196; 540299 AB - In this overview of water quality and its management in Hong Kong, the authors have seen how the problem of pollution developed with increasing population growth and urbanization in the Territory. The present quality of most of our marine waters is still fair to good, thanks largely to strong currents which disperse and render harmless our wastewater. Inland, the picture is not so good, with most of our streams and rivers in a poor to very bad state. There has been a very definite deterioration in river water quality during the past decade. They have looked in some detail at those parts of the Governments pollution control strategy that come under the ambit of the EPA, namely the development of legislation, a contribution to planning, and monitoring and research; they have only briefly touched on the Government's other major efforts in the control of water pollution, particularly the sewage disposal program and the control of agricultural waste. JF - HONG KONG ENGINEER. AU - Holmes, PR AD - EPA, Hong Kong Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 41 EP - 48 VL - 11 IS - 6 SN - 1607-9183, 1607-9183 KW - Hong Kong KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - urbanization KW - resource management KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13646196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HONG+KONG+ENGINEER.&rft.atitle=Water+quality+management+in+Hong+Kong.&rft.au=Holmes%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.aufirst=PR&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HONG+KONG+ENGINEER.&rft.issn=16079183&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; resource management; urbanization; pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of silver to steelhead and rainbow trout, fathead minnows and Daphnia magna . AN - 13643806; 520940 AB - Rainbow (Salmo gairdneri ) and steelhead (Salmo gairdneri ) trout and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas ) were exposed to silver for 96 h in replicated flow-through tests. Rainbow trout, fathead minnows and Daphnia magna were exposed to silver in replicated static acute tests. Steelhead trout embryo-larval stages were tested in a flow-through system for 60 d, and D. magna were exposed through complete life cycles in replicated static-renewal tests. All silver concentrations were measured values. The absence of food in static tests with D. magna caused silver to be about 10 times more toxic; the 48-h static mean EC sub(50) value for D. magna without food was 0.9 mu g/L, compared to 12.5 mu g/L in the test with food. The early-life-stage test with steelhead trout, from newly fertilized eggs to post-swimup juveniles, showed complete mortality at 1.3 mu g/L and significant reduction in fish survival at 0.5 mu g/L silver. Mean weight and length at end of test were greatly reduced at 1.1 mu g/L, and were significantly different from controls at 0.1 mu g/L. The mean 21-d EC sub(50) value for the D. magna test with food was 3.5 mu g/L. The 21-d lowest significant effect on survival occurred at 4.1 mu g/L. The mean silver concentration at which there was a significant decrease in total Daphnia young/female/day after 21 d, compared to the control was 10.5 mu g/L silver. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nebeker, A V AU - McAuliffe, C K AU - Mshar, R AU - Stevens, D G AD - US EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 95 EP - 104 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Salmo gairdneri KW - silver KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - Freshwater KW - Daphnia magna KW - Pimephales promelas KW - toxicity KW - mortality KW - pollution effects KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13643806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+silver+to+steelhead+and+rainbow+trout%2C+fathead+minnows+and+Daphnia+magna+.&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BMcAuliffe%2C+C+K%3BMshar%2C+R%3BStevens%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; silver; mortality; toxicity tests; pollution effects; Pimephales promelas; Daphnia magna; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Process of establishing and revising national ambient air quality standards. AN - 13622908; 513807 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency is responsible for periodically reviewing and revising (as necessary) all national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS). These standards represent one of the principal environmental objectives of the Clean Air Act. NAAQS were set on April 30, 1971 for photochemical oxidants, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrocarbons, particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide. A NAAQS was established for lead on Oct. 5, 1978. The standard-setting process has evolved into a more complex and lengthy procedure in response to the need for both better information on which to base a decision and the desire for more involvement by the general public and the scientific community in the decision making process. This article presents an overview of the current standard-setting process, discusses some of the key scientific issues related to setting standards, and briefly describes some possible future refinements to the standard-setting process. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Padgett, J AU - Richmond, H AD - U.S. E.P.A., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 13 EP - 16 VL - 33 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - air quality standards KW - particulates KW - oxidants KW - Clean Air Act KW - EPA KW - carbon monoxide KW - photochemicals KW - hydrocarbons KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13622908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Process+of+establishing+and+revising+national+ambient+air+quality+standards.&rft.au=Padgett%2C+J%3BRichmond%2C+H&rft.aulast=Padgett&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - photochemicals; carbon monoxide; nitrogen dioxide; hydrocarbons; air quality standards; Clean Air Act; particulates; EPA; oxidants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The embryotoxic effects of ultrasound exposure in pregnant ICR mice. AN - 13608789; 490256 AB - The embryotoxicity of ultrasound exposure during pregnancy was investigated in DUB:(ICR) mice. Fetuses were examined on the day following maternal sacrifice for external and visceral defects and skeletons were prepared and examined subsequently. Slight but significant differences were detected between the cage control and sham-exposed groups. No statistically significant changes were seen that could be attributed to ultrasound exposure, although there was a slight increase in the incidence of malformed fetuses and the occurrence of multiple malformations in individual fetuses as intensity of the ultrasonic exposure increased. JF - Teratology AU - Kimmel, CA AU - Stratmeyer, ME AU - Galloway, W D AU - Laborde, J B AU - Brown, N AU - Pinkavitch, F AD - Perinatal and Postnatal Eval. Branch, Div. Teratog. Res., Natl. Cent. Toxicol. Res., FDA/EPA, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 245 EP - 251 VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - toxicity KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - embryos KW - ultrasound KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13608789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=The+embryotoxic+effects+of+ultrasound+exposure+in+pregnant+ICR+mice.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+CA%3BStratmeyer%2C+ME%3BGalloway%2C+W+D%3BLaborde%2C+J+B%3BBrown%2C+N%3BPinkavitch%2C+F&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ultrasound; embryos ER - TY - CONF T1 - Overview of current efforts in short-term carcinogen testing. AN - 13608149; 494779 AB - A review of the literature on short-term in vivo tests (limited bioassays) and tumor markers is currently being conducted. Correlations will be made between results obtained from these tests and epidemiological information and long-term animal bioassays. The attributes and deficiencies of each test or marker will be examined. Further testing, development, or validation needs will be outlined. The aim of this review is to attempt to expand the prechronic test battery for carcinogenicity in order to provide sufficient information for regulatory decision-making. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Milman, HA AU - Hurley, P M AU - Auletta, A Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 355 EP - 357 VL - 50 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - carcinogenesis KW - toxicology KW - bioassays KW - laboratory testing KW - epidemiology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13608149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Overview+of+current+efforts+in+short-term+carcinogen+testing.&rft.au=Milman%2C+HA%3BHurley%2C+P+M%3BAuletta%2C+A&rft.aulast=Milman&rft.aufirst=HA&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Effect of dibutylnitrosamine and saccharin on glutamyl transpeptidase positive foci and liver cancer. AN - 13602674; 493785 AB - An attempt was made to evaluate whether the simultaneous administration of the urinary bladder tumor promoter, saccharin, and the substance being tested for carcinogenicity could be developed into a rapid and efficient bioassay for bladder carcinogens. Dibutylnitrosamine (DBN) a bladder and - to a lesser extent-liver carcinogen, was used as the test substance. The attempted evaluation failed because of the high incidence of liver cancer in the rats that simultaneously received DBN and saccharin. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Pereira, MA AU - Herren, S L AU - Britt, AL Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 169 EP - 176 VL - 50 KW - saccharin KW - dibutylnitrosamines KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - carcinogenesis KW - toxicology KW - bioassays KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13602674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effect+of+dibutylnitrosamine+and+saccharin+on+glutamyl+transpeptidase+positive+foci+and+liver+cancer.&rft.au=Pereira%2C+MA%3BHerren%2C+S+L%3BBritt%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Pereira&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Tumor promotion in rat liver. AN - 13601918; 493606 AB - An initiation/promotion bioassay for chemical carcinogens and tumor promoters has been developed in rat liver using presumed preneoplastic lesion, foci of gamma -glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTase) positive hepatocytes, as the endpoint. To evaluate the tumor-promoting activity of phenobarbital, rats were administered diethylnitrosamine (DENA), followed by 500 ppm phenobarbital in their drinking water. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Herren, S L AU - Pereira, MA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 123 EP - 129 VL - 50 KW - tumors KW - phenobarbital KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - carcinogenesis KW - toxicology KW - liver KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13601918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Tumor+promotion+in+rat+liver.&rft.au=Herren%2C+S+L%3BPereira%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Herren&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone measurements from a network of remote sites. AN - 13590858; 481046 AB - The EPA, in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service, has established a network of air monitoring stations designated to measure levels of ozone in remote areas within the contiguous 48 states. There are currently 8 sites, at various National Forests, which measure ozone, wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation. This is a review of the network data collected during 1979, the year for which the most complete meterological and ozone records were available. The mean ozone level for 1979 at these sites fell within the range of 0.025-0.04 ppm. At most sites, thre were several days in 1979 when hourly concentrations of ozone exceeded 0.08 ppm. The maximum 1 h ozone concentration observed was 0.125 ppm. The report provides analyses of the statistical distributions of the ozone data from these remote sites, their relationships with local meteorological data, and the possible impact of air parcel history upon ozone concentration. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Evans, G AU - Finkelstein, P AU - Martin, B AU - Possiel, N AU - Graves, M AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 291 EP - 296 VL - 33 IS - 4 KW - monitoring measurements KW - monitoring KW - measurement KW - air pollution KW - data collection KW - meteorology KW - ozone KW - solar radiation KW - statistical analysis KW - temperature KW - Mechanical Engineering Abstracts (ISMEC); Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13590858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Ozone+measurements+from+a+network+of+remote+sites.&rft.au=Evans%2C+G%3BFinkelstein%2C+P%3BMartin%2C+B%3BPossiel%2C+N%3BGraves%2C+M&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; temperature; solar radiation; meteorology; data collection; statistical analysis; air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sources of indoor radon in houses: A review. AN - 13563605; 446094 AB - The purpose of this paper is to examine the significant sources of indoor radon as well as its primary pathways into the indoor environment. While an exact modeling of indoor radon levels is not possible, the simple analysis presented may be used to determine the potential contribution of each source to the total average radon concentration in a typical house. This information is particularly valuable in assigning logical priorities for the development of radon control measures and devices which will be both practical and effective. For the purpose of our analysis, a model of a typical house is defined as a single story house with a floor area of 150 m super(2) and a ceiling height of 2.5 m, enclosing an indoor volume of 375,000 L. It is assumed that the floor of the house is a 10 cm thick concrete on-grade slab and that an additional 150 m super(2) of masonry are used for the house walls. Although it is clear that this simplification is not an accurate physical description of the average house, the conclusions which flow out of our analysis would not be significantly different if a more complex and realistic definition of a typical house were used. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Bruno, R C AD - Off. Radiat. Programs, U.S. EPA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 105 EP - 109 VL - 33 IS - 2 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - environmental monitoring KW - radon KW - air pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13563605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Sources+of+indoor+radon+in+houses%3A+A+review.&rft.au=Bruno%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Bruno&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - radon; environmental monitoring; air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory application of air quality simulation models. AN - 13552333; 437109 AB - Air quality simulation models are widely used to determine the need for air pollution control regulations and to determine conditions under which new industrial sources can be constructed. Most of these models embody sophisticated scientific principles which are not always understood by those who use or are affected by the model results. The following article summarizes how the EPA manages the application of these models, and explains some of the current activities which will improve the process. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Rhoads, R G AD - Monit. & Data Anal. Div., Off. Air Qual. Plan. & Stand., US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 195 EP - 197 VL - 33 IS - 3 KW - atmospheric conditions KW - air pollution KW - air quality KW - environmental protection KW - government programs KW - government regulations KW - mathematical models KW - simulation KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13552333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Regulatory+application+of+air+quality+simulation+models.&rft.au=Rhoads%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Rhoads&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - simulation; mathematical models; government regulations; air quality; environmental protection; air pollution; government programs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in experimental exposure methods and dosimetric techniques used in radio-frequency radiation biological effects studies. AN - 13550086; 438608 AB - The various techniques and methodologies used for exposure and dosimetric assessment in radio-frequency (RF) biological effects studies are reviewed. Techniques are compared and the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. Significant progress has been made during the past decade in developing the specialized techniques required; suggestions are given for further studies. JF - Proceedings of the IEEE AU - Weil, C M AU - Kinn, J B AD - US EPA, Health Effects Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 222 EP - 231 VL - 71 IS - 2 SN - 0018-9219, 0018-9219 KW - biology KW - radio frequency KW - millimeter waves KW - dosimetry KW - electromagnetics KW - pathology KW - radiation dosimetry KW - spectroscopy KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - H SM7.13:INSTRUMENTATION, DEVICES AND CONTROLS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13550086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+IEEE&rft.atitle=Advances+in+experimental+exposure+methods+and+dosimetric+techniques+used+in+radio-frequency+radiation+biological+effects+studies.&rft.au=Weil%2C+C+M%3BKinn%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Weil&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+IEEE&rft.issn=00189219&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - radiation dosimetry; spectroscopy; pathology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air quality data analysis system for interrelating effects, standards, and needed source reductions: Part 7. An O sub(3)-SO sub(2) leaf injury mathematical model. AN - 13544706; 437142 AB - Leaf injury data from acute and chronic exposure studies of Dare soybean were regressed against the logarithms of expsoure time and O sub(3) and SO sub(2) concentrations to develop a new two-pollutant leaf injury model and to calculate the parameters of best fit for this new model and a previously developed one-pollutant model. Using the calculated parameters, the percentage of leaf surface injured over a growing season by O sub(3), SO sub(2), or both simultaneously was estimated for an ambient air sampling site located 2 miles from a coal burning power plant. For this site, the one- and two-pollutant models predicted that SO sub(2) effects would be negligible if SO sub(2) concentrations never exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 0.50 ppm, averaged over 3 h. Leaf injury is estimated by taking the logarithm of the summation of each daytime hour's exponentiated O sub(3) concentration (c) measured at an ambient air sampling site over a growing season. The methods developed in this paper, using Dare soybean data as an example, may apply to ther plants. JF - J. AIR POLLUT. CONTROL ASSOC. AU - Larsen, R I AU - Heagle, A S AU - Heck, W W AD - Environ. Oper. Branch, Meteorol. & Assess. Div., Environ. Sci. Res. Lab. US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 198 EP - 207 VL - 33 IS - 3 KW - power plants KW - botany KW - regression analysis KW - air pollution KW - air quality standards KW - combustion products KW - mathematical models KW - ozone KW - plants KW - standards KW - sulfur dioxide KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13544706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.atitle=Air+quality+data+analysis+system+for+interrelating+effects%2C+standards%2C+and+needed+source+reductions%3A+Part+7.+An+O+sub%283%29-SO+sub%282%29+leaf+injury+mathematical+model.&rft.au=Larsen%2C+R+I%3BHeagle%2C+A+S%3BHeck%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+AIR+POLLUT.+CONTROL+ASSOC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; sulfur dioxide; mathematical models; air quality standards; plants; air pollution; standards; combustion products ER - TY - CONF T1 - Mouse skin tumor initiation promotion and complete carcinogenesis bioassays: mechanisms and biological activities of emission samples. AN - 13534485; 423334 AB - The studies reported here have been constructed to compare the carcinogenic and tumorigenic potency of extracts from various particulatee missions: coke ovens, diesel and gasoline vehicles and roofing tar pot. Automobile emission samples were obtained by collecting the diluted and cooled exhaust on Teflon-coated glass fiber filters. Coke oven and roofing tar samples were particulate emission samples collected by impaction and filtration. The organic components associated with each of the particles were extracted with dichloromethane and dermally applied to SENCAR mice. All agents were applied as tumor promotors. Statistical analyses of the resulting tumor data were performed by using nonlinear Poisson and probit models. The results from these experiments provide a suitable data base for comparative potency estimation of complex mixtures. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Nesnow, S AU - Triplett, L L AU - Slaga, T J Y1 - 1983 PY - 1983 DA - 1983 SP - 255 EP - 268 VL - 47 KW - sampling methods KW - tumors KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - mice KW - carcinogens KW - toxicology KW - statistical analysis KW - bioassays KW - mathematical models KW - automotive exhaust emissions KW - filters KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H ST2.26:EMISSIONS AND EMISSION CONTROL KW - H SM10.21:CANCER KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13534485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mouse+skin+tumor+initiation+promotion+and+complete+carcinogenesis+bioassays%3A+mechanisms+and+biological+activities+of+emission+samples.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BTriplett%2C+L+L%3BSlaga%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1983-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER -